Objective To colone the pre-pro-nattokinase gene and study the expression condition in Escherichia coli.Methods The pre-pro-nattokinase gene was amplified by PCR from genomic DNA of Bacillus subtilis and cloned into vector pUC19.The cloned gene was constructed into expression vector pET30a.The recombinant expression vectors pENK were then transformed into Escherichia coli BL21(DE3).Results Sequence analysis showed,that the cloned gene was 1152bp and shared 100% homology with the reported sequence in GenBank.Western blotting assay showed that the target fusion protein was detected when the transformed bacteria BL21(DE3)(containing pENK108) were induced by IPTG.The expression level of target protein in BL21(DE3) reached up to 31% when the bacteria were cultured at 37℃and induced by 1mmol/L IPTG for 4h in LB.Fibrinolytic activity was showed in the method of time clot when the transformed bacteria BL21(DE3)(containing pENK108) were induced by IPTG.Conclusion The pre-pro-nattokinase gene has been colone and expressed in Escherichia col.


Objectives: To evaluate the implementation of the Joint Master of Health Professions Education (JMHPE) as a distance learning program as regards the e-learning process, the educational resources, the administrative process and the educational units of the JMHPE from the students', graduates' and faculty point of view. Subjects and methods: A descriptive study was held to evaluate the JMHPE program (Process-Based, formative program evaluation). The target groups were all graduates of the Joint Master of Health Professions Education (71 graduates), fifth round students (82 students) and all planners and co-planners of the program (9 faculty). Two methods for data collection were used in this study, self administered questionnaires for the graduates, students and the Faculty, and review the JMHPE documents. Results: Through the target groups' perspectives and documents review, the study resulted in an agreement among the majority of the JMHPE graduates and students who rated the program as "very good" or "excellent" as regards its relevance to their profession, meeting their expectations, being a challenging, professional distance learning program, meeting its educational objectives, its organization suitability, suitability of its duration to cover educational activities, in addition to its impact on increase in their knowledge in health profession education and acquitization of distance learning skills. Enhancing capacity building and career development in Health Professions Education at all levels (national, regional, and international) was the most agreed upon point of strength (95% of graduates and 85% of students). All of the graduates (100%) and the majority of the students (87.5%) mentioned their satisfaction from the JMHPE program as a whole, so all the graduates (100%) and the majority of the students (90%) would recommend it to their colleagues. Dependence, reluctance and lack of commitment among some of the group members was the most agreed upon points of weakness (53% of the graduates and 87.5% of the students) Conclusion: The Joint Masters of Health Professions Education is meeting its goals and objectives. Its theory is designed to achieve the intended outcomes and its operations make the theory effective. Being a distance learning program was an advantage for many of the program participants and facilitated their learning to a great extent. Most of the program participants were satisfied with the program and most of them also stated that they recommended the program to their peers.


Conclusion 1. Folic acid (pteroylglutamic acid) is as effective as liver extract in correcting the hematologic deficiency in Addisonian pernicious anemia. 2. Further experience is needed before one can evaluate the effectiveness of this factor in preventing development and progression of central nervous system disease.


Social infrastructures such as airports increasingly introduce a smart-grid in order to be ready against disasters. They cannot provide its function without electricity. Thus, a planning method for disasters or other uncertain situations has not been established, and it is getting difficult because there are many cases to be considered. In terms of electricity, demand in case of disaster changes according to each situation. Supply from renewable energy sources depends on the weather condition. This paper proposes a dynamic electricity management model for social infrastructures in case of disaster accompanying various electric damage. The model deals with renewable energy sources, batteries, and diesel generators. It can evaluate a quantitatively resilience index against disasters. It was applied to the data from Kansai international airport in Osaka, Japan in order to obtain the validity of the model. In general, this model suggests a better design of smart-grid for social infrastructures. It would enable them to become both green and resilient.


GPS is a promising tool for real-time monitoring of deformations of slopes. However, remaining systematic effects in GPS phase observations (after double differencing and application of apriori models) affect the resulting coordinates and bias the determination of the actual deformations. Therefore, it is vital to remove these network distortions prior to the deformation analysis. Since the magnitude of distance dependent systematic effects (i.e. effects due to tropospheric refraction, ionosphere phase advance and orbit errors) increases linearly with the station separation, it can be shown that the resulting network distortions are affine. Therefore a 12 parameter affine transformation is the general correction model in the coordinate domain. However, due to the special physics of GPS observations only eight independent parameters are sufficient for a correction. Considering GPS networks with large height differences the distortion pattern is dominated by tropospherically induced effects yielding mainly height distortions. For such cases, it was shown in previous work by members of the Institute of Engineering Geodesy and Measurement Systems that a two parameter model (translation and scale in height) seems to be appropriate to correct the height distortions for the special network design of aligned points in direction of the maximum slope. In this paper, the eight parameter approach is presented and compared with the two parameter approach. A representative 8 h data set from the Gradenbach GPS monitoring network is processed. It is shown that both approaches give almost identical results for the height component for the specific design of the Gradenbach network. Here, about 80% of the height distortions can be corrected to values smaller than 0.5 cm. Furthermore it can be stated that in general the absolute improvements in the horizontal components are rather small compared to those of the vertical component.


Of all the various aspects of legal positivism, it is those bearing upon a theory of adjudication which have prompted its critics' fiercest attacks. Legal positivism is taken to be committed to the thesis that a distinction exists between (so called) 'easy' cases—where the law can be identified and applied straightforwardly—and 'hard' cases—where the issue is not determined by the existing legal standards. Most critics are united in their rejection of this dichotomy, but divided by the two main routes they follow. The more familiar one, first outlined by Professor R.M. Dworkin, sets out to deny that hard cases are not regulated by legal standards. The other objection, and the one I wish to consider here, strives to show that the distinction itself is illusory since in all relevant respects, there are no easy cases as the positivist presumes.


Severe weather conditions are low-probability, high-impact events that affect grid operations. The majority of power outages are caused by severe weather conditions. Grid resiliency to weather events can be enhanced by decreasing the reliance on its affected sections. One way to do this is to reduce the power flow through lines vulnerable to severe weather. If a line is disconnected, its initial power flow is distributed through the neighbor lines, which may cause congestion in the grid. FACTS devices can be used to control the power flow of lines that have a higher chance of power outages. Most previous works do not consider weather events in power flow control. In this work, a linearized optimal power flow (OPF)–based algorithm is developed to minimize the real power flow of vulnerable lines considering the thermal limits of lines to prevent infeasible solutions; the simulation is fast, making it suitable for large-scale systems. The proposed optimization problem is presented as a mixed-integer linear program (MILP), making it capable of using short-term load forecasting due to its high solution speed. The proposed optimization problem considers multiple lines with different outage probabilities and the uncertainties of the weather forecast. Moreover, it estimates the power reduction in vulnerable lines due to changes in the series FACTS devices. The performance of the proposed optimization problem is tested on IEEE 14-, 30-, and 118-bus systems for several scenarios. The results are validated with the AC power flow results from MATPOWER.


In the last Island magazine (Winter 1990), Peter Goldsworthy offers a catalogue of what it is that makes 'better literature' and, therefore, of what is worth reading. Briefly: Better Literature must not be 'idea-driven writing'; must be distinguishable from 'a page of Classified Advertisements'; must bring joy or rapture; must physiologically stimulate Robert Graves; must be 'earned' as opposed to inauthentic (the example given is the faked orgasm); may be inauthentic provided masks are worn; and, above all, must be beyond the recognition of Theory. Instead of singing us magic words, according to Goldsworthy, publishers are drowning us in 'derivative, inert, dead' and 'incompetent' writing. The reason they are doing this is that they mistakenly believe - and there is no suggestion that their actions are malicious, merely misguided - that the way out of this purported literary recession is through Theory.


ABSTRACT The background reason of this research is the understanding of mathematical concept that still low and the students are still irresponsible for the assignment given by the teacher. The aim of this research is to know whether the understanding of the mathematical concept of the student will be better if cooperative learning method TGT is applied rather tha n  the conventional way to the 9th grade students of MTsN Tarusan School year 2013/2014. The type of this research is experimental research, with random research design to subject. The instrument used for this research is the mathematical concept quiz and test. Based on the test result, its shown that one of the sample class is not normally distributed. Data analysis was done by using M ann -U W hitney test with the help of minitab. The result of the hypothesis test is p-value=0.0073. it is seen that the p-value < α , then the hypothesis o f the research is acceptable. So it is concluded that the understanding of the mathematical concept of the student will be better by using the cooperative learning method TGT rather than the conventional way of 9th grade students of MTsN Tarusan.


During the 1930s, almost all of agricultural communities in China, with a very few exceptions with a handful of regions only for a short period of time, were gradually falling apart due to imperialistic economic pillage and feudal exploitation as well as political chaos. 'Rural Trilogy(農村 三部曲)' by Mao Dun(茅盾) and 'The Border Town(邊城)' by Shen Cong Wen(沈從文) offer two different views into Chinese agricultural communities in the 1930s from two different perspectives. Consisting of 3 short stories of 'Spring Silkworm(春蠶),' 'Autumn Harvest(秋收)' and 'Winter Ruins(殘冬),' 'Rural Trilogy(農村 三部曲)' by Mao Dun(茅盾) depicts that the situations faced by Chinese agricultural communities at the time were 'Hells Reliefs in the Midst of Plenty' through a collapse of the Lao Tong Bao family. On the other hand, 'The Border Town(邊城)' by Shen Cong Wen(沈從文) presents 'Tao Hua Yuan Ji(桃花源記)' during the war time as by describing humble lifestyle of local farmers along with unique landscape of the Xiangxi region based on his lyrical writing style with the background of the story unfolding at Chadong Village located near Fenghuang(鳳凰), the hometown of the author. Whereas Mao Dun focused on the embers for a revolution which just began warming up at the time for the sake of the future of Chinese agricultural communities after closely watching the dismal reality of rural areas, Shen Cong Wen emphasized traditional values slowly perishing through contamination from urban material civilizations. Whilst Mao Dun looked into the future of the nation and society through agricultural communities, Shen Cong Wen discovered significance and values of individual lives at agricultural communities. From these two completely different insights into agricultural communities, one spoke for the mainstream intellectuals of the time while the other tried to represent farmers from the aspect of non-mainstream intellectuals. Although both of these perspectives on agricultural communities by these two intelligent authors reflect truthful natures of agricultural communities during the 1930s, assessments on them had to take their tolls throughout the course of history.


Background. The research object is the system of mobility of an aircraft simulator. The research subjects are the transfer functions of a dynamic hydraulic stand. The objective is to ensure equality between the transfer functions of a dynamic hydraulic stand, their frequency characteristics and transients under all static and dynamic changes of load unbalance. Materials and methods. The research of the mobility system of an aircraft simulator was performed by analyzing the control loop using simulation modeling. Results. The introduction of a computer motion system ensures identity of the transfer functions of hydraulic actuators, equality and aperiodic nature of the transients. Conclusions. Introducion of velocity, acceleration or error differential correction enhances the accuracy of the set motion parameters' adjustment of the moving platform, eliminates background traffic, improves the quality of dynamic stand's control actions and, accordingly, increases the learning opportunities of a simulator in whole.


Scandia-stabilized zirconia (ScSZ) has been extensively studied for the application to solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) because of its higher oxide ion conductivity compared to conventional yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ). The electronic conductivity of ScSZ is significantly lower than the ionic conductivity but is important to determine the performance of SOFC materials. In the case of nickel – stabilized zirconia cermet anode, when the scandiastabilized zirconia was used, the durability against methane fuel was enhanced [1]. The minor carriers like electron and proton in ionic conductor may affect the reaction mechanism at the cermet anode as proposed in literature [2]. ScSZ with 10 mol% Sc2O3 has the highest ionic conductivity among different content of Sc2O3 at 1273 K [3] and is generally doped with 1 mol% CeO2 to suppress the transformation of cubic to rhombohedral phase [4]. Since the valence state of cerium ion varies from 4+ to 3+ with decreasing oxygen partial pressure (p(O2)), the concentration of electron carrier in ScSZ would be affected by doping with CeO2 if the electrons on the trivalent Ce ions behave as carrier (CeZr+1/2OO Ce'Zr+1/2VO+1/4O2). In our previous study on the electronic conductivity of [(CeO2)x(ZrO2)1x]0.8(YO1.5)0.2 solid solution [5], it was observed that the electronic conductivity of the solid solution with CeO2 content of x 0.1 was 4 – 5 order-of-magnitude larger than that of x = 0, and that the electronic conductivity of solid solution with CeO2 had unusual p(O2) dependency like the concentration product of trivalent and tetravalent Ce ions. In this study, the electronic conductivity of 10 mol% Sc2O3-stabilized ZrO2 doped with 1 mol% CeO2 (1Ce10ScSZ) was measured using a modified HebbWagner ion blocking cell reported elsewhere [6]. The contribution of 1 mol% CeO2 to the electronic conduction of ScSZ was investigated by clarifying the p(O2) and temperature dependence of electronic conductivity of 1Ce10ScSZ. Figure 1 shows the electronic conductivity of 1Ce10ScSZ at 1173 – 1273 K in the p(O2) range of 10 – 10 MPa. At p(O2) > 10 MPa, the electronic conductivity at 1273 K was proportional to the 1/4 power of p(O2). The 1/4 power dependence was also observed at 1173 K in p(O2) > 10 MPa. Such 1/4 power dependence is usually explained by the p(O2) dependence of electronic hole concentration which is derived from the hole formation reaction (1/2VO +1/4O2 h + 1/2OO). At p(O2) > 10 MPa, the electronic conductivity at 1273 K was proportional to the -1/4 power of p(O2), which is usually interpreted as the p(O2) dependence of electron concentration which is derived from the electron formation reaction (1/2OO e' + 1/2 VO +1/4O2). The solid line in fig. 1 shows the fitting curve of measured conductivity data with following equation, e = h[p(O2) / 0.1MPa] + e[p(O2) / 0.1MPa] (1) where h and e are constants. In the p(O2) range of 10 – 10 MPa, the p(O2) dependence of electronic conductivity at 1273 K deviated from the 1/4 and -1/4 power law expressed in eq. (1). The upper deviation of electronic conductivity from the 1/4 and -1/4 power law is attributed to the increase of electron concentration due to the reduction of doped CeO2. It is meaning that the electron on trivalent Ce ion behaves as electron carrier. Because of the limited amount of Ce dopant (1 mol%), the -1/4 power dependence due to the ZrO2 matrix appeared at lower p(O2) (< 10 MPa). To investigate the contribution of 1 mol% CeO2 to the electronic conduction of ScSZ in detail, the electronic conductivity of 1Ce10ScSZ is measured at 1173 K in the lower p(O2) region.


MapReduce has emerged as a popular programming model in the field of data-intensive computing. This is due to its simplistic design, which provides ease of use for programmers, and its framework implementations such as Hadoop, which have been adopted by large business and technology companies. One significant issue in practical MapReduce applications is data skew: the imbalance in the amount of data assigned to each task. This causes some tasks to take much longer to finish than others and can significantly impact performance. Existing solutions for the data skew in reduce side increase the overhead that the users need to customize a novel partitioner for the specific application, or perform additional sampling processes before the map function begins. To mitigate the data skew in reduce side, which is called Reducer skew in this paper, we proposed a load balancing strategy based on load statistics, namely MRSIM. To gets the input data distribution in reduce stage, MRSIM computed the statistics while preparing data, which makes full use of the shuffle stage in MapReduce. To balance the load of entire cluster, MRSIM reallocated reduce tasks on the heavy nodes to idle ones according to the data distribution. In addition, by introducing the load feedback mechanism, MRSIM further improved the cluster's performance when running complex applications. We evaluated MRSIM in YARN (Hadoop 2.2.0), the experimental results show that our MRSIM outperformed the default strategy in native Hadoop greatly, the improvement in execution time reached 17%.


Aaron Douglas's associations with writers of the Harlem Renaissance are many and the resulting collaborations, whether in the form of dust jackets or illustrations, have bequeathed us a body of work deserving far greater critical attention. The dust jackets he designed for many of the movement's leading lights are proof. He illustrated James Weldon Johnson's The Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man (1927) and God's Trombones (1925), Claude McKay's Home to Harlem (1927), Arthur Huff Fauset's For Freedom (1927), and Langston Hughes' Not Without Laughter (1930). Douglas however, was much more than an illustrator of Harlem Renaissance publications. He was also a major architect of the intellectual and aesthetic contours of the New Negro Movement as well. So, when we speak of his collaborations with writers we must see him as an equal


Television's ascent to the position of society's dominant medium precipitated significant changes in news reporting, including information presentations suited to an entertainment "supra‐ideology"; and the erosion of barriers separating public figures' "backstage"; from their "onstage"; areas. Combined with the need for print and television news to compete for profits, especially since the advent of CNN, these changes promote a tendency toward adversarial reporting. However, to sustain their legitimacy and value to democracy, the news media must appear to respect social norms on when and what kinds of adversarial reporting are appropriate and maintain an acceptable balance between adversarial and "objective " reporting. In a role imbalance attack (RIA), a rhetor who has been the subject of negative news coverage tries to deflect judgments by arguing that the news media have been inappropriately adversarial and by developing an ideal implied auditor ready to act against the news media. If actual auditors i...


This descriptive study aimed to investigate foot care behaviors and relationships between foot care behaviors and experiences of diabetic ulcer in persons with type 2 diabetes. A purposive sample of 1,291 persons with diabetes who regularly attended at the OPD of 4 hospitals in Bangkok and surroundings was recruited for this study. The findings showed that, on a whole, 67.93% had very low foot care behaviors scores. Only 1.08% had foot care behaviors scores at a good level. Around 73% of the case group and 65% of the control group had poor foot care behaviors. The relationships between foot care behaviors and diabetic foot ulcer were tested by using Chi-Square and found significant p= .010.


The dispersal of young and old animals is a topic of wide interest. However, behavioral mechanisms underlying dispersal still are relatively unknown, particularly the relationships among behavioral development, agonistic behavior, and dispersal. Our lack of knowledge about behavioral causes of dispersal is unfortunate, since this information could be extremely useful in helping to answer theoretical questions about such timely topics as sib competition and parent-offspring conflict (Alexander 1974; Trivers 1974; Wilson 1975; Barash 1977; Bekoff 1977a). As Gadgil (1971, p. 253) has written, "Dispersal is one of the most important and amongst the least understood factors of population biology." With the appearance of recent data on a variety of mammalian species, it is becoming clear that "universal" hypotheses about dispersal based on single underlying mechanisms may have limited applicability. This paper will review briefly two of the more "visible" theories of mammalian dispersal and then present a hypothesis that is consistent with recent observations on a variety of mammals, and more important, one that is testable using observable behavioral patterns as its raw data. It considers the ontogeny of individual behavioral phenotypes and its relationship to later individual dispersal patterns. Inferential data supporting the hypothesis are available, particularly for members of the family Canidae, with parallels in various species of marmots (Sciuridae). It is usually assumed that dispersal allows each dispersal the movement an individual natal site parent(s) site breeds, attempts pair breeding. Short-term from to distinguish rank and days 52-70, success rate one to 17%, a decrease of 21.2%. The success rates of all the other animals during this period (female play at than results in


The learning approach to persuasion was considered obsolete following the emergence of new paradigms such as cognitive and constructive approaches. However, according to the evolutions of learning theories and especially the re-emergence of the connectivism paradigm, mainly due to what new technologies have provided, the learning approach to persuasion seems to have reappeared as a powerful approach that has a lot to offer yet. Based on research conducted on transformative learning patterns and algorithms, this paper investigates: i) the applicability of using the patterns and algorithms as well as techniques developed in the transformative learning approach for transformative persuasion, ii) how media can be used in the transformation process. The components of a persuasive transformation model, the factors involved, and major elements of each factor are extracted by constructivist grounded theory (CGT), which is used for theory building, accumulating knowledge and experiences of scholars, practitioners, and experts in adult learning. We show how media can use these factors and elements and notions and techniques developed in transformative learning for the persuasive transformation of their respective audience. Borrowing the concepts of transformative learning concerning the states of mind of the adult students in different stages of the transformation process, we suggest how media can appropriately act in each stage to facilitate a transformation through persuasion.


The following is proved: If 𝔐ℌ is the noncancellable product of the formations 𝔐 and ℌ and 𝔐ℌ ⊆ 𝔉 for some one-generated saturated finite variety 𝔉, then 𝔐 is soluble.


EUV light reflectance to provide a method for producing a reflective mask blank and the mask blank for EUV lithography, which is reduced in the absorption layer. Deposited on a substrate, a reflective layer for reflecting EUV light, an absorption layer for absorbing EUV light, but a reflection-type mask for EUV lithography blank formed in this order, wherein the absorbing layer by an ion beam sputtering is the, EUV lithography reflective mask blank, which is a Cr layer having a low EUV light reflectance.


For a stationary particle process X with convex particles in ℝ d d ≧ 2, a mean body M(X) can be defined by where h(M,·) denotes the support function of the convex body M, γ the intensity of X, and P 0 is the distribution of the typical particle of X (a probability measure on the set of convex bodies with Steiner point at the origin). Replacing the support function h(M,·) by the surface area measure S(M,·) (see Schneider (1993), for the basic notions from convex geometry), we get the Blaschke body B(X) of X, After normalization, the left-hand side represents the mean normal distribution of X. The main problem discussed here is whether B(X) (respectively S(B(X), ·)) is uniquely determined by the mean bodies M(X ∩ E) in random planar sections X ∩ E of X. From more general results in Weil (1995), it follows that the expectation ES(M(X ∩ E), ·) (taken w.r.t. the uniform distribution of two-dimensional subspaces E in ℝd) equals the surface area measure of a section mean B2(B(X)) of B(X). Thus, the formulated stereological question can be reduced to the injectivity of the transform B2 : K ↦ B2(K).


Underwood economy has been widely welcomed by lots of agriculture and forest experts and farmers by the advantages of making full use of under-forest land resources and large areas of mall;it has been playing an important role in realizing the sharing of agriculture and forestry resources,complementary of varies kinds of advantages and cycling of ecological.Considering the present situation of under-forest economy and requirement characteristics of farmers,combining with Google maps API and AJAX,using JSON as the data transmission format between client and server,the paper builds a consulting platform based on B/S for farmers to cultivate under-forest economic crops based on the level of forestry bureau.The platform provides an intuitive effect in information querying and presenting,which can not only effectively improves the scientific nature of the farmers' growing,but also help managers to make decisions to some extent.


In this article the author shows as in during XIX-XX century with development of psychology as of the science process of the thought as the psychological category experiences the constant of change. The possibility to realize in the process of the thought to information exchange and the presence the reverse of connection its become to the precondition of the form of the information system's of the thought.


Automated dispatch control systems (ADCS) is the main direction of development of process control systems in the oil and gas industry. Being part of the man-machine control systems, the development of ADCS is largely determined by new knowledge in the field of information technology. Based on this, we present an analysis of current problems of system engineering for each life cycle stage along with an analysis of the relevance of the study and accounting of the human factor in the development of ADCS.


A laser shadowgraphy system for high-speed imaging of a convergent cylindrical shockwave generated by an electromagnetically driven solid density liner implosion in Lucite is described. The laser shadowgraphy system utilizes an advanced high-energy, long-pulse, frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser for target illumination and a fast framing camera for multiple frame imaging of the shockwave as it radially converges and transits the Lucite. The time window resolution is 10 ns as determined by the fastest exposure time capable with the camera. Two on-axis symmetric implosions and two off-axis asymmetric implosion experiments were fielded at the Air Force Research Laboratory's Shiva Star 4.2 MJ capacitor bank z-pinch facility. For each experimental shot, the shadowgraphy system captured several frames of shadowgraph images as the shockwave moved through the Lucite. Analysis of the shockwave shadowgraph image shapes is done by fitting each shadowgraph image to a generic elliptical fit function and plotting the resul...


We used near‐infrared spectroscopy to examine tissue oxygenation (StO2) during exercise in 17 children and young adults with sickle cell anaemia (SCA) and 13 controls. Patients had lower cerebral StO2 at all exercise stages and demonstrated significantly greater decreases in cerebral StO2 later during exercise. Quadriceps StO2 increased similarly in patients and controls during early exercise, but decreases from baseline were greater in patients during later exercise. At similar workloads, patients demonstrated lower cerebral StO2 (69·2 ± 6·6 vs. 79·5 ± 5·3%, P < 0·001) and trended towards lower quadriceps StO2 (67·7 ± 9·0 vs. 73·2 ± 7·9%, P = 0·09) . Further studies of tissue oxygenation during exercise in SCA are warranted.


At the era of social and economic transformations which Ukraine is going through, the scientific estimation of the most important processes and grounded definition of the ways of the independent development of these processes and prognostication of their after-effects are impossible without search of definition, researched and deliberate management, which is the most important condition of innovation resource, which identifies positivism and dynamics of necessary changes for Ukraine. Such main conditions of management of the innovation resources are defining the future role of Ukraine and its people in the international society, which is forming, transforming and reforming in the conditions of globalization.


Background: Chronic otitis media (COM) is the long-standing infection of a part or whole of middle ear cleft characterized by ear discharge and perforation. It is the commonest ear problem in adult and children. Most common presenting symptoms are ear discharge, mild to severe hearing loss, sometimes tinnitus even vertigo. Treatment of COM is mainly operative. Inactive mucosal variety of COM presents with the perforation in tympanic membrane with non-inflamed middle ear mucosa. The treatment of inactive mucosal variety of COM is Type 1tympanoplasty. It can be done by conventional temporalis fascia or cartilage graft. Both have some merits and demerits.
Objective: To compare the the outcomes between reinforcement cartilage graft and temporalis fascia graft in type -1 tympanoplasty.
Methods: 86 (43 patients in each group) patients with COM (inactive mucosal) who were admitted in the department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka from January 2018 to June 2019, and had fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected for the study. History, examinations, investigations were done. All patients underwent type 1 tympanoplasty. Prior to surgery relevant investigations were done and informed written consent was taken from all patients. In Group-A reinforcement cartilage tympanoplasty cases and in Group-B temporalis fascia tympanoplasty cases were placed. Post-operative graft uptake rate and hearing gain were compared in two groups
Results: The surgical outcomes between reinforcement cartilage tympanoplasty in comparison with temporalis fascia tympanoplasty showed no significant difference of graft uptake rate and hearing gain.
Conclusion: Cartilage tympanoplasty has been practised for reconstruction of perforated tympanic membrane in COM since long with variable results. Graft uptake rate in cartilage reinforcement is comparatively better than temporalis fascia graft. So, reinforcement cartilage graft can be adopted as an alternative to temporalis fascia graft in type- I tympanoplasty.
Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol 2021; 27(2): 104-110


The structure of the circular prophage genome of PhiH varies with high frequency in single colony progeny of the defective lysogen Halobacterium halobium R(1)-3. As in linear PhiH DNA, a segment flanked by two copies of the insertion element ISH1.8 is inverted frequently. This L segment can also circularize to a plasmid of 12 kilobase pairs with simultaneous loss of the remaining phage DNA. Strain R(1)-L, which contains this plasmid, is immune to phage infection. A phage variant, PhiHL1, is able to grow on R(1)-L and carries an insertion of 1 kilobase pair in its L segment. PhiHL1 does not grow on normal lysogens. This shows that the plasmid confers to R(1)-L only part of the immunity of normal lysogens.


The the first and second A method for booting a processing device comprising a processing unit, at least one boot configuration parameter is accessible from a non-volatile storage medium of the processing device, by the first processing unit, indicating a boot interface detecting; Wherein when at least one configuration parameter is available, by at least a part of the detected at least one configuration parameter to the first processing unit and transmitted to the second processing unit, otherwise the first and second processing if it is by at least one of the units, the method comprising: detecting a boot interface is used is possible for the processing device; The processing unit boot method comprising at least the step of booting the second processing unit from the indicated or detected boot interface is disclosed. Mobile platform system, platform boots, bridge interface, service mode, the non-volatile memory


Ion Cyclotron Radio Frequency antennas are metallic strip lines embedded in a metallic housing with a Faraday screen at the interface with the main plasma. Because of their highly different mass, electrons and ions respond differently to waves and to the proximity of metallic objects, close to which plasma sheaths tend to form. Since the dimensions of the antennas and the typical scale lengths on which sheaths occur differ by various orders of magnitude, it is numerically challenging to model near-antenna-field behaviour accounting for the actual density profiles and for the different types of waves that the plasma supports. Describing wave propagation in plasmas using the cold plasma tensor [1] has proven to be numerically difficult, in particular in the presence of metallic boundaries and in low to very low density plasmas, where both slow and fast wave branches are present, either as propagative or as evanescent waves. The field behavior in the neighbourhood of resonances (e.g. the Lower Hybrid resonance where the slow wave switches character) requires particular attention [2]. New simulations have been performed on the IFERC-CSC supercomputer Helios [3], which allowed pushing the number of grid points well beyond that of earlier results [2]. After optimizing the solver settings, the actual time for solving cases with up to 10 million unknowns is still modest, but memory allocation issues set the limits. The physical quantities are better resolved in the plasma interior, but still highly influenced by the metallic boundaries and the resonance layers. The effect of introducing ion and electron collisions to damp part of the short wavelength effects is demonstrated, as well as the use of a finite element description instead of a finite difference scheme. An outlook for a further self-consistent treatment of the sheath layer will be given.


o solve the many environmental problems confronting contemporary society, high school and college biology students need to develop an understanding of ecologic principles. The population explosion and environmental pollution are two problems that are related to the phenomenon of ecologic succession -the orderly, predictable sequence of changes in the organismic composition of a given environment as the result of alterations produced in that environment by the organisms themselves. The teaching of ecologic succession is a problem in biology classes, because time is limited and field work is not always practical. Under these conditions, hay infusions are sometimes used: they are easy to keep in the laboratory and they will support a variety of microorganisms with little care. The infusions usually are sampled weekly over a period of six to eight weeks, in order to observe the succession of microorganisms, but it might be more satisfactory to set up a series of infusions at weekly intervals and then sample each of them during a single twoor three-hour laboratory period. We have tried to find a way to do this-with some success.


Reactive power compensation can immensely reduce the cost of economic operation and the energy consumption of the electricity of enterprises.By means of cost-effectiveness analysis of the results of high and lower voltage concentration compensation and the on-the-spot lower voltage dispersive compensation.the principles and methods for the determination of compensation capacity under different circumstances are proposed.It is suggested that the enterprise should properly select its compensation method and compensation capacity.And some proposals for reforming present policies over electricity charges regarding reactive power compensation in enterprises are suggested.


Through further derivation on the traditional computing method for machining track coordinates of screw moulding milling cutter,a kind of computation method for solving the milling cutter contour coordinates directly from the coordinate points of end surface was obtained.This method bears preferable practicality for track coordinates calculation of moulding milling cutters used for machining the screw rotor in the screw pump.


Is India destined to play the role of a global power, as many proponents of its rise believe? Or will it remain mired in poverty and corruption, unable to overcome its deep social, economic and political flaws and the shackles of a troubled neighbourhood? India's future prospects have been debated in this manner almost since its independence in 1947, and such debates have only intensified since the late 1990s, when India declared its nuclear weapon capability and experienced a period of sustained economic growth. Sandy Gordon, an Australian academic and former public servant, is one of the latest to weigh in. In India's Rise as an Asian Power, Gordon ably documents India's domestic and regional challenges and argues that they could well diminish India's global prospects. He attempts to uncover the interlocking problems of India's domestic pathologies — including pervasive corruption, endemic violence and democratic discontents — with the "enmeshed dissonance" of India's immediate neighbourhood. Gordon also suggests that these vulnerabilities are being exploited by Great Powers such as China and the forces of globalization, including Islamists. "[I]n order fully to realize its potential and emerge as a truly global power", he concludes, "India has first to neutralize threats originating in South Asia by concentrating on the domestic and neighbourhood arenas of activity" (p. 211). Broad-ranging book-length academic studies about contemporary India remain somewhat rare commodities, and Gordon provides useful details for those unfamiliar with the intricacies of Indian politics, security and socio-economic development. Yet the picture he paints of India is undeniably grim, and perhaps unduly pessimistic. While admirably wide-ranging, his analysis suffers from two important flaws. The first is the absence of necessary context. The argument that India's rise is hobbled by its domestic weaknesses and neighbourhood dynamics requires either a comparative or historical approach. A comparison would suggest that most major powers in history rose to global prominence despite adverse domestic and neighbourhood conditions. This applies equally to the European colonial powers from the sixteenth to the nineteenth centuries, the Soviet Union and


We study numerically the parallel iteration of Extremal Rules. For four Extremal Rules, conceived for sharpening algorithms for image processing, we measured, on the square lattice with Von Neumann neighborhood and free boundary conditions, the typical transient length, the loss of information and the damage spreading response considering random and smoothening random damage. The same qualitative behavior was found for all the rules, with no noticeable finite size effect. They have a fast logarithmic convergence towards the fixed points of the parallel update. The linear damage spreading response has no discontinuity at zero damage, for both kinds of damage. Three of these rules produce similar effects. We propose these rules as sharpening algorithms for image processing.


Umea Energi is a company that will be needed to map the use of energy in their facilities. This thesis is an indication of how this mapping will be like and what the result of the tunnel will show. ...


The study of silicate fertilization in crop roses is justified with the purpose of reducing the use of defensives, increasing yield, and enhancing the quality of stem flowers in harvest and postharvest. The uptake of silicon is different among species. There is evidence that silicates involved in resistance induction can occur with the participation of silicon itself, reinforcing cellular wall (apoplast) structures and increasing lignification. Based on the benefits of this element, an assay was carried out to evaluate the effect of silicate fertilization on the chlorophyll content of rose leaves, cultivar Versilia ® , in a commercial greenhouse. The effect of potassium silicate with and without phosphite (1:1) in four silicon (Si) concentrations: 0; 427.5; 855 and 1285.5 mg L -1 , that corresponds to 0; 0.25; 0.5 and 0.75% in foliar spray were tested. The treatments were laid out in randomized blocks in a (2x4) factorial scheme. The use of 0.25 and 0.5% potassium silicate in leaf spray in crop rose, influenced the content of chlorophyll a, b, and total chlorophyll of leaves, providing higher levels than other treatments.


The hardware shift to multi-core processors and multiprocessor systems calls for new software and systems development tools to help developers transform their code into parallel applications and gain performance increases. Developers now have to know how to create software and architect systems that can use parallel hardware efficiently. Virtualized systems development is a development methodology where the actual hardware of a system is augmented by a Wind River Simics virtual platform, a simulation model of the hardware running on a workstation or a PC. The virtual platform can run the same binary software as the physical hardware, fast enough to be used as an alternative and augment physical hardware for software development.


Pair programming has been shown to be an effective method of improving the learning outcomes of students in introductory computer science courses. However, much of the existing literature related to pair programming does not focus how to effectively implement pair programming. Researchers studying multiple aspects of pair programming have conducted several empirical studies at our university over the past two years. During this time, researchers received valuable feedback from course instructors about the effects of implementing pair programming in their introductory computer science courses. These instructors also expressed concerns about the use of pair programming in their courses. These include being able to ensure equal participation from pair members and not being able to assess individual learning outcomes effectively. This paper reports these concerns and uses empirical evidence from the pair programming studies to provide guidelines for the effective use of pair programming in beginning programming courses. Based on the experiences at our university along with those experiences of other researchers, we provide recommendations for course design when using pair programming.


: This research analyses the representation of adolescence in Spanish television fiction set in classrooms over the period 1998 to 2018, by means of a case study of the series Compañeros (Classmates) (Antena 3, 1998-2002), Física o Química (Physics or Chemistry) (Antena 3, 2008-2011) and Merlí (TV3, 2015-2018). A mixed quantitative and qualitative methodology has been employed, based on analysis of audio-visual content to determine whether there has been development in the handling of social values. This analysis helps to understand how teenagers have been represented over the last twenty years and to assess whether the values they receive today tend to be increasingly inclusive and educational. The results demonstrate that not all subjects are changing, finding only an increased representation of sexual orientation and the adolescent's family environment; a consistent representation over time of masculinity, sexuality, alcohol and drugs; and a lesser representation of the current role of women


project led to a decrease in the number of infection control exposure investigations in the emergency department. Key implications found in this article are that the availability of this electronic screening algorithm arms emergency nurses to identify promptly and isolate both at-risk patients with common illnesses and highly hazardous communicable diseases, subsequent exposure. Abstract Introduction: Ef fi cient identi fi cation and isolation of patients with communicable diseases limits exposure to health care workers, other patients, and visitors. In August 2014, our team developed and implemented an algorithm to triage suspected cases of Ebola virus disease in a midwestern United States emergency department and outpatient clinics based on patient travel history and symptoms. Here, we present the lessons learned and modi fi cations to update the tool. Methods: Two strategies were developed and utilized to prop-erly identify, isolate, and inform on patients with suspected highly hazardous communicable diseases: 1) a robust electronic symptom and travel screen with decision support tools in the electronic concepts may be applied to the early identi fi cation and isolation of patients suspected of having more common communicable diseases like measles and in fl uenza, emphasizing the importance of protocol-based screening in the healthcare environment.


Staged fistulotomy with a seton is considered to decrease the high incidence of continence disorders after surgical incision of a fistula. This retrospective study reports the results of the two‐stage procedure with special emphasis on faecal continence. Thirty‐four patients (aged between 20 and 57 years) were treated between 1981 and 1990 with a two‐stage seton procedure for anal fistula (16 extrasphincteric and 18 trans‐sphincteric) with a high anal or rectal internal opening. Thirty‐one patients had normal preoperative continence. There were two recurrences. All trans‐sphincteric fistulas healed. Twenty‐nine patients with preoperative normal faecal control were available for follow‐up. Postoperative continence was normal in 12 patients (category A according to Browning and Parks classification2): five patients had no control over flatus (B), 11 were incontinent for liquid stool or flatus (C) and one had continued faecal leakage (D). The two‐stage seton technique is not recommended for fistulas with high anal or rectal openings.


There is great interest in wide band-gap semiconductor devices and most recently in monolithic GaN structures for power electronics applications. In this paper vertical p-n diodes and transistors fabricated on pseudo bulk low defect density (10 4 to 10 6 cm -2 ) GaN substrates are discussed. Homoepitaxial MOCVD growth of GaN on its native substrate and being able to control doping has allowed the realization of vertical device architectures with drift layer thicknesses of 6 to 40 μ m and net carrier electron concentrations of 2x10 15 to 2.5x10 16 cm -3 . This parameter range is suitable for applications requiring breakdown voltages of 600V to 5kV and current levels to 400A with a proper edge termination strategy. Vertical GaN devices are studied under cryogenic conditions, radiation, and ruggedness performance under repetitive avalanche stress.


The invention relates to a device for measuring at least one gas analyte in exhaled air, comprising an inlet opening for the introduction of exhaled air (mouthpiece), at least one measuring chamber for receiving a sensor unit, a line which provides a fluid connection from the opening to the measurement chamber, wherein, depending on a sensor unit with an appropriate gas sensor may be inserted into the receiving the measured gas analyte.


Complex optical multilayer coatings can now be reliably manufactured using a fully automated real time process control with an in-situ wideband optical monitor.


The view of moral education is the core of Mao Zedongs educational thought and a system of thought and theory about the position,goal,contents,principle and methods of moral education.In the new times guiding significance of moral educational work includes:1.we must insist on the principle of putting moral education in the priority;2.we must establish the goal which makes moral education serve socialist construction of modernizations;3.we must make Deng Xiaopings theory and the thought of the "Three Represents" become main teaching materials.


When seeking to improve any skill, it is important to have a positive attitude, to set clear goals, and to practice regularly. The same is true of improving your reading comprehension skills. First, I want to discuss some positive thinking strategies, and then we will discuss some more practical ways of improving in the area of reading comprehension.


Ethylene is one of important plant hormones, and it plays important role in plant physiological regulation during plant life cycle. Arabidopsis can produce endogenous ethylene through ethylene biosynthesis pathway. ACC synthase (ACS) is one of the key enzymes in ethylene biosynthesis pathway in Arabidopsis plant. Proteases which can cleave ACS2 C-terminal were found in Arabidopsis in this study, and they were purified by FPLC method. Seven proteases were identified by LC-MS/MS, and three protease mutants were validated have lower protease activity than wild-type plant. One in vitro expressed protease still can process ACS2 C-terminus in proteolysis assay. Arabidopsis plant also has response to ethylene by five receptors, then ethylene signaling transduction through ethylene signaling pathway. It is believed that protein phosphorylation plays a key role in ethylene signaling, which is partially mediated by some uncharacterized pathway(s) independent to a known linear signaling pathway from ethylene receptors to transcription factors EIN3 and EIL1. To address how ethylene alters the cellular protein phosphorylation profile through these pathways, a differential and 15 N stable isotope labeling in Arabidopsis (SILIA or SIML)-based quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis was performed on 12 h ethylene-treated Arabidopsis ethylene-insensitive double loss-of-function mutant, ein3-1/eil11-1. Two and four phosphopeptides were identified upand down-regulated by ethylene, respectively. Amongst the ethylene-regulated phosphoproteins, aquaporin protein PIP2;1 is of highly biological interest since the ethylene regulates the water permeability of plasma membrane through posttranslational regulation. Both LC-MS/MS and western-blot analysis showed PIP2;1 protein phosphorylation up-regulated by ethylene independent of EIN3/EIL1. Further study using transgenic plants confirms that ethylene regulates the water channels opening via a phosphorylation pathway independent to EIN3 and EIL1, which resulted in alteration of water flux rates cross plasma membrane. Taken together, our study suggests that the water channel activity is regulated by ethylene-mediated protein phosphorylation, which is largely independent to EIN3 and EIL1.


This explanatory study examines the role of student talk in maintaining a 'shared conceptual space' amongst groups of friends learning mathematics in a setting which utilises learning activities which actively encourage student collaboration towards a defined goal. Achievement beyond expected norms in external examinations offers evidence of individual learning, while data from transcripts of peer group talk amongst these friends learning mathematics offers evidence to support both the definitions of 'shared cognition' above. The co-construction of 'threads of thought' and high levels of 'talking aloud', which appear to closely interweave thinking between group members, suggest "building and maintaining a shared conception of a problem". The use of everyday language, particular to friends, within each group contributes to a model in which there is shared understanding of thought and knowledge.


Can we assert that the origin of Basque nationalist feeling is spontaneous? The self-awareness of belonging to a certain nation has been, in this particular case, a product of a series of historical, mythological and linguistic reinterpretations. So arises the question about the goodness or the wickedness of such arguments, that is, the fairness of such ideas is in doubt. We will try to solve this issue: is the nationalist ideology good or evil? We will try to show how the use of them will allow us to talk about good or bad nationalism.


In this paper, a feasibility study of a shuntless coulomb counting method for estimating the state of charge (SOC) of a battery is presented. Contrary to conventional coulomb counting, the proposed method does not require an external resistive shunt; it instead only requires voltage measurements performed on the battery under test while it is operating. The current is measured indirectly using the battery's equivalent series resistance (ESR). The method consists of a preliminary calibration phase where the ESR and the open-circuit voltage of the battery are measured for different SOCs and stored in look-up tables (LUTs). Then, in the subsequent operational phase, the method uses these LUTs together with the measured voltage at the battery terminals to estimate the SOC. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated on a sample lithium polymer (LiPo) battery, using a realistic current profile derived from the Worldwide Harmonized Light-Duty Vehicles Test Procedure (WLTP). The results of this experimental evaluation demonstrate a SOC estimation root-mean-square error of 0.82% and a maximum SOC error of 1.45%. These results prove that the proposed method is feasible in a practical scenario.


In this thesis using FTA technique, the author proposes a new method of analysis of some accidents in construction work. Some efficient plans of safe facility investment are made out. For this study, I referred to 'The Death Accident in Construction Works', which have been published by Korea Industrial Safety Corporation from 1993 to 1999 for 6 years. I selected some of apartment constructions which have caused many deaths for the purpose of analysis in the study. I found that the concrete work using ferro-deck takes more deaths than the conventional construction. After finding this, I selected GANG FORM works using ferro-concrete which is the most widely used but causes many accidents. On the basis of the classification, I try to do some quantitative analyses by adding the death frequency and material factors. In order to draw up the most efficient investment plan, it is imperative that FT diagram be made out and that factors. In order to draw up the most efficient investment plan, it is imperative that FT diagram be made out and that minimal Cut Set be needed. It requires a great deal to labor and time to get Minimal Cut Set. The Minimal Cut Set which is formed of these process is the main factor to analyze disaster in the work. It is desirable that we add calculated percentage of accidents to these factors to these factors in value order, that is to say, from the high cost to low cost.


Local injection of kainic acid (2 μg) was accompanied by destruction of intrinsic neurons in the dorsal part of hippocampus. The lesion was accompanied by a 75% reduction in glutamate decarboxylase activity, a 60% reduction in the high affinity uptake of l‐glutamate, a 40‐60% reduction in the endogeneous levels of aspartate, glutamate and GABA and no changes in the activities of choline acetyltransferase or aromatic amino acid decarboxylase in the dorsal hippocampus. Unilateral destruction of neurons in the dorsal hippocampus was followed by a 20‐40% reduction in the high affinity uptake of glutamate in lateral, but not in medial septum, on both sides. There was no reduction in choline acetyltransferase, glutamate decarboxylase or aromatic amino acid decarboxylase activities in the lateral or medial part of the septum. Transection of fimbria and superior fornix was accompanied by a severe reduction in choline acetyltransferase and aromatic amino acid decarboxylase activity in hippocampus, in the high affinity uptake of glutamate and in the endogenous level of glutamate in the lateral septum. The results are consistent with the concept that in the hippocampus kainic acid destroys intrinsic neurons and not afferent fibres. It seems therefore that all GABAergic fibres in the hippocampus belong to intrinsic neurons whereas glutamergic and aspartergic neurons belong partly to local neurons. The connection from the hippocampus to the lateral septum probably uses glutamate as a transmitter.


This note is intended as an abbreviated introduction to the concept and the structure of General Purpose Data Acquisitions Shell (GPDAS) and assumes the reader has a certain level of familiarity with programming in general. The structure of the following sections consists of brief explanations of the concepts and commands of GPDAS, followed by several examples. Some of these are tabulated in the appendices at the end of this note.


Aligned carbon nanotubes have great potential for advanced nanotube transistors and integrated circuits. In this article, we studied the carbon nanotube alignment mechanism using a chemical vapor deposition growth on a-plane sapphire substrates. We synthesized carbon nanotubes of different diameters by controlling the catalyst size and observed that nanotubes of smaller diameters had a higher degree of alignment. In addition, a surprising observation was that misaligned nanotubes had a preferred orientation. Furthermore, we developed a numerical simulation method to calculate interaction energy between a-plane sapphire surface and carbon nanotubes of different diameters. The calculated results were in good agreement with our experimental observations, which confirmed the observed diameter-dependent alignment and the preferred orientation for misaligned nanotubes.


ABSTRACT The Berry Developmental Test of Visual Motor Integration was devised as a measure of the degree to which visual perception and motor behavior are integrated in young children, measured by the copying of geometric forms. In this study, 64 three-year-old children were tested individually to investigate (1) whether there is a correlation between chronological age and geometric form reproduction for three-year-olds, and (2) whether three-year-old boys score lower than three-year-old girls. The results indicated a correlation between age and geometric form reproduction for girls, but not for boys; boys did score significantly lower than girls. While this study more than tripled the original number of three-year-old children tested, the sample is still too inadequate to determine if this test has predictive value at such an early age. (huthor/BW)


The aim of the present study was to prepare bi-layer tablet of Metronidazole and Dicyclomine Hydrochloride for the effective treatment of Irritable Bowel Disease. Metronidazole and Dicyclomine Hydrochloride were formulated as immediate and sustained release layer respectively. The rational for formulation of bi-layer tablet of these two combinations was Metronidazole (immediate release) is strong antibiotic usually applied for antidiarrheal to treat inflammation of the large intestine and Dicyclomine Hydrochloride (Sustained release) is anticholinergic drug primarily used for irritable bowel disease. Bilayer tablet was suitable for maximizing the efficacy of drugs in irritable bowel disease.


The structure of the title compound, [Cu2(C8H6NO4)4(C4H5N3)2], comprises individual units of tetra-μ-carboxylato-O:O′-dicopper(II) end-capped with two 2-aminopyrimidine molecules. These pyrimidines then form dimers across a typical N—H⋯N association, thus producing linear hydrogen-bonded polymer chains.


The manual limitation of software-related resources (memory quantity, processing time) might be challenging even in modern desktop operating systems or on server computers. The applications are always competing for the available resources and those of greater need for resources may starve the others. In case of server computers, outages can happen in this period. A previous solution for this problem was to install resource intensive applications on a physically separate computer therefore they did not affect other applications. With the appearance of virtualisation on one physical computer more virtual machines are running simultaneously. Each of their resources can be limited separately. In this case the abundance of virtual machines means the unnecessary waste of resources. Another more suitable method is the use of containers which run on the operating system's kernel, however these provide an isolated, limitable environment. The addressed problem to solve is the estimation of resources needed which even nowadays is often working on an empirical basis. In our research we are analysing the source code of applications by static code analysis technique, making a composite call graph and a dependency graph. With the descriptors and characteristics of the graphs there is an opportunity to train neural networks the programmed estimation of required resources. [1]


Physics, Center for Membrane and Cell Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States, Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology and School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States, Center for Computational Biology, Flatiron Institute, New York, NY, United States


We describe a proposal for a type of optomechanical system based on a drop of liquid helium that ismagnetically levitated in vacuum. In the proposed device, the drop would serve three roles: its optical whispering-gallery modes would provide the optical cavity, its surface vibrations would constitute the mechanical element, and evaporation of He atoms from its surface would provide continuous refrigeration. We analyze the feasibility of such a system in light of previous experimental demonstrations of its essential components: magnetic levitation of mm-scale and cm-scale drops of liquid He, evaporative cooling of He droplets in vacuum, and coupling to high-quality optical whispering-gallery modes in a wide range of liquids. We find that the combination of these features could result in a device that approaches the single-photon strong-coupling regime, due to the high optical quality factors attainable at low temperatures. Moreover, the system offers a unique opportunity to use optical techniques to study the motion of a superfluid that is freely levitating in vacuum (in the case of He-4). Alternatively, for a normal fluid drop of He-3, we propose to exploit the coupling between the drop's rotations and vibrations to perform quantum nondemolition measurements of angular momentum.


This chapter discusses the law and theory on burglary and blackmail. The offence of burglary is committed where a defendant enters a building as a trespasser with intent to commit one of the offences listed in section 9 of the Theft Act 1968. It is also committed where a defendant has entered a building as a trespasser and then committed one of a list of other offences. To be guilty of blackmail, a defendant must make unwarranted demands with menaces with a view to making a gain for him or herself or a loss to another.


There is a group of variegated marine deposits, including the red beds widespread in the area of Tianba, Kangmar, southern Tibet, which previous works have contributed to Cretaceous Zongzhuo Formation by lithologic associations only, but with poor fossil evidence. Due to the absence of age dating fossils, the red bed age is obscure. Abundant Cretaceous radiolaria were discovered from the Zongzhuo Formation in the present study. In spite of the poor general preservation of some radiolarian specimens as recrystallized quartz infillings, 58 species from 46 genera of radiolaria, extracted from chert and silicous limestone of the Zongzhuo Formation in Kangmar, were identified on the basis of their shape and ornamentation. Based on the radiolaria, the age of the Zongzhuo Formation of this area has been referred to as Late Cretaceous. The new radiolarian data from the Zongzhuo Formation of Tianba area provide a local basis to correlate these deposits with other regions of the Tethyan Himalaya.


The video on demand (VOD) service is one of major service drivers for IN CS-3, being currently examined by the ITU-T SG11. This paper presents the IN.CS-3 functional model and physical scenarios for Digital Audio Visual Council (DAVIC) compliant VOD service taking into account the evolutional approach from the IN CS-2. The purpose of the DAVIC is to specify emerging digital audio-visual applications and services such as broadcast or interactive services, by the timely availability of internationally agreed specifications of open interfaces and protocols that maximize interoperability cross countries and application/services. The DAVIC 1.0 specifications have been developed based on the following guidelines: openness of the specification process; not systems (application-specific) but tools (application independent); relocation of tools; one functionality-one tool; and specify the minimum.


There is a growing amount of information on the effect of aging on taste (see Murphy'), but the literature on longitudinal studies with animal models is nonexistent. The Committee on Animal Models for Research on Aging (Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources) strongly recommends the use of the Fischer-344 rat for studies of aging because the median life span is only 27 months, a span allowing for detailed observations from weaning until death. We initiated a longitudinal program to study how sucrose was tasted and ingested by the Fischer-344 rat as a function of the aging process. Sucrose was selected as the tastant for the following reasons:


The tracking performance of the least mean square (LMS) and the exponentially weighted recursive least squares (RLS) algorithm for the identification of linear time-varying communication channels is studied. The concept of wide-sense stationary uncorrelated scattering (WSSUS) serves as a stochastic model for the time evolution of the channel's impulse response. This description is of practical relevance for the mobile radio channel. Based on an approximate analysis of the adaptive algorithms as coefficient filters, closed-form expressions are obtained for the mean-squared identification error in terms of the channel's scattering function and the LMS step size or RLS weighting factor. The analytical results show good agreement with experiments and thus make it possible to match the design parameters of the recursive identification schemes to the a priori knowledge of the physical channel. Further simulation experiments show that both the RLS and the LMS tracking performance degrades significantly when the adaptive filter order is insufficient to model the true channel.<<ETX>>


Air Vice-Marshal Sir W . SEETOX BRANCKER, Chairman of the Society, presided, and in introducing the lecturer said : I have to introduce to you to-night Mr. Cowlev, who is a new recruit in the investigation of air t ransport problems. He has made a study of technical problems of air transport , and is attached to the Air Transport Sub-Committee of the Aeronautical Research Committee. He commenced studying the question of air transport practically by taking several journeys by air from Croydon, and spending six months at Martlesham seeing machines tested. He represents an endeavour to bring science and research into close and constant touch with the endless demands of actual operations.


The Twenty-Second KEKB Accelerator Review Committee meeting was held on March 1416, 2018. Appendix A shows the present membership of the Committee. One member of the Committee, Matt Poelker, was unable to attend, but provided input. The meeting followed the standard format, with two days of oral presentations by KEKB staff members, followed by discussions between the Committee members. The Agenda for the meeting is shown in Appendix B. The Committee further took into account the report from a Domestic SuperKEKB Review held on 8 September 2017, which is included as Appendix C.


Objective:To compare the efficacy and clinical features of Buchang Wenxin granule and propafenone in the treatment of premature beat.Method:One hundred and seven patients with premature beats(supraventricular SV,n=52;ventricular V,n=55)randomly were divided into Wenxin granule group(W group,n=62)and propafenone group(P group,n=45),the patients in W group were given Buchang Wenxin Granule 9 g·d-1,3/d,the patients inP group were given propafenone 150 mg·d-1,3/d.4 weeks later,all patients were evaluated by 12-lead simultaneous body surface electrocardiogram and 24 hours ambulatory Holter,respectively compares the percentage of reduced premature beat,24 h average heart rate,the slowest heart rate,QTcd before and after treatment.Result:Wenxin Granule in therapeutic SV,V are respectively 73.53% and 78.57%,the total efficiency is 75.81%,have no significantly difference compared with propafenone;the 24 h average heart rate and the slowest heart rate of W group had not decreased significantly before and after treatment(77.67±5.86) bpm vs(77.42±4.99) bpm,(60.89±5.40) bpm vs(60.55±4.71) bpm;while P group had decreased significantly before and after treatment(78.51±5.42) bpm vs(76.96±5.57) bpm(P0.05),(61.31±5.69) bpm vs(58.53±4.80) bpm(P0.05).Wenxin rranule also can reduce the QTcd of patients with Diabetes mellitus(DM) and coronary heart disease(CHD).Conclusion:Buchang Wenxin granule is effective for treating premature beats,suitable for the patients with slower heart rate,DM,CHD.


CRISPR-Cas9 [9] — a gene editing technology — and recent work [10] on alterations to human embryonic genomes in China have shone a new light on the rapidly advancing realm of genomic editing in the world today, highlighting its potential impacts on human health, reproductive futures, and the social fabric of our society. Genome editing and human reproduction: social and ethical issues [11], a July 2018 report from the Nuffield Council on Bioethics [12], consists of a timely and careful analysis of bioethical issues directly related to heritable genome editing, including the inevitable societal impacts of such technology. This Published on SciPol.org (https://scipol.duke.edu)


This paper tackles patriarchy and phallocentrism's concepts by shedding light on women, culture, and nature. Margaret Atwood's novels Oryx and Crake and The Year of the Flood are examined in terms of the concepts mentioned above. Atwood's novels and literary works can be examined in light of the concepts of patriarchy and phallocentrism based on environmental ethics. Through the study of these two novels, this paper attempts to elicit the signs regarding the cultural-ecological discourses and women's conditions as they are trapped in a male-centered society. Besides, it stresses nature's conditions whereby natural objects are undermined and are in the same miserable conditions as women. Then, applying these two concepts in the novels, Oryx and Crake and The Year of the Flood are thoroughly explored along with the male/female and culture/nature dualisms question. Keywords: Ecofeminism, Margaret Atwood, Patriarchy, Phallocentrism


The Air Force Weapons Laboratory (AFWL) has been involved in the study of laser propagation from airborne platforms. A Line Spread Device (LSD) capable of yielding direct measure of a laser beam's Line Spread Function (LSF) was developed and employed in propagation tests conducted in a wind tunnel by AFWL to examine optimal acoustical suppression techniques for laser cavities exposed to simulated aircraft aerodynamic environments. Measurements were made on various aerodynamic fences and cavity air injection techniques that affect the LSF of a propagating laser. Using the quiescent tunnel as a control, the relative effect of each technique on laser beam quality was determined. The optical instrument employed enabled the comparison of relative beam intensity for each fence or mass injection. It was found that fence height had little effect on beam quality but fence porosity had a marked effect, i.e, 58% porosity alleviated cavity resonance and degraded the beam the least. Mass injection had little effect on the beam LSF. The use of a direct LSF measuring device proved to be a viable means of determining aerodynamic "seeing" qualities of flow fields. It could also be applied to static atmospheric "seeing" measurements through various gases and pollutants.


ABSTRACT Carbon spheres with two to four attached lobes having axial, trigonal and tetrahedral morphology were synthesized at considerably low temperature of 200 °C by a hydrothermal reaction. The source of carbon used was sucrose in sulfuric acid medium. The product obtained was characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transforms infrared and Raman spectroscopy, which have inferred us the graphitic nature of the product. Further Scanning and Transmission electron microscopic studies have revealed the spheres having attractive morphology with attached lobes and nodes like structures. The carbon spheres are having the size ranging from 200 nm to 4 µm. The spheres are solid balls exhibiting metallic luster. They possess surface area and pore volume of 2.956 m 2 g -1 and 0.616 x 10 -2 cm 3 g -1 respectively as obtained from Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method. The yield product obtained was about 70-80 %. Keywords: Hydrothermal Process, Carbon Spheres, Spheres with lobes, Low Temperature Synthesis, Microscopic Techniques.


Pooling together samples and testing the resulting mixture is gaining considerable interest as a potential method to markedly increase the rate of testing for SARS-CoV-2, given the resource limited conditions. Such pooling can also be employed for carrying out large scale diagnostic testing of other infectious diseases, especially when the available resources are limited. Therefore, it has become important to design a user-friendly tool to assist clinicians and policy makers, to determine optimal testing pool and sub-pool sizes for their specific scenarios. We have developed such a tool; the calculator web application is available at https://riteshsingh.github.io/poolsize/. The algorithms employed are described and analyzed in this paper, and their application to other scientific fields is also discussed. We find that pooling always reduces the expected number of tests in all the conditions, at the cost of test sensitivity. The No sub-pooling optimal pool size calculator will be the most widely applicable one, because limitations of sample quantity will restrict sub-pooling in most conditions.


Objective:To summarize and analyze the therapeutic effect of Yiqi Huoxue Huashi Project for patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy(IMN),and to observe the factor that influence the therapeutic effect.Methods:Two hundred and thirty four IMN patients were treated with Yiqi Huoxue Huashi Project.Clinical data including the common informations,course of disease,laboratory examination and follow-up office visit of IMN patients were collected and analyzed.Results:The rate of complete remission was 42.31%. The total effective rate was 76.07%. The total effective rates at year 1,2,3 and more than 4-year were 72.22%,74.48%,75.47% and 78.38%,respectively.The total effective rate of using Chinese medicine,combination of Chinese medicine and Western medicine and Chinese medicine after withdrawl of various western drugs showed no effectives was 80.31%,77.53%,70.89%.The renal survival rates of three years',five years' and ten years'were 99%,95% and 80% respectively.Univariate analysis showed that age,smoking,hypertension,serum creatinine,blood urea nitrogen,albumin,24 hours'urinary protein were the influence factors of remission.Multiple analysis showed four important influencing factors,which were age,smoking,follow time and albumin.Conclusion:The treatment of Yiqi Huoxue Huashi Project had good curative effect in evidence,even consolidated and low recurrence rate.The project was effective to protect renal function,and prolong renal survival time.The important factors that influenced curative effect were age,smoking,follow-up time and albumin level.


This paper explores the drilling characteristics of GH3039 supper alloy. The machining of GH3039 is a difficulty which is commonly used in aircraft and engineer components of the aerospace industry. The spindle speed and feed per tooth are the major influence factors which are studied to gain large removal rate and predict the drilling characteristics. So the single factor test is carried out about spindle speed and feed per tooth. The results of the experiment show that the drilling force of GH3039 decreased with the increasing of spindle speed up to 900r/min which is larger than other metal drilling process. The small feed per tooth may obtain small drilling force. So too low spindle speed and large feed per tooth are not adopted in the GH3039 drilling process. The analysis of the chip formation also verifies the above characteristics. At the same time, the serious serrated chip is occurred which is adverse for the drilling. It has significant for other supper alloy real drilling process.


Predicting stock market has been a well researched topic in the field of financial engineering. However, most methods suffer from serious drawback due to handling uncertain and missing continuous time-series data. We divide our study in two modules: data cleaning and decision making, first module includes preprocessing of stock market time series data mining which presents the extended form of extraction of both graphical structure and conditional probabilities of a Bayesian Belief Networks (BBN) from a possible incomplete stock market time series databases. In second decision making module, we introduce Linguistic Rules-Tree (LR-Tree) which is the combination of fuzzy logics and decision tree but LR-Tree may not be the best generalization due to over-fitting. Consequently Neuro-Pruning method has been introduced for post pruning of LR-Tree. In Neuro-Pruning, instead of absolutely removing nodes, we employ a back-propagation neural network to give weights to nodes according to their significance. After data cleaning and decision making modules we hope that, our proposed approaches will be able to handle attributes with differing costs, improving computational efficiency, outperforms error-based pruning, handle uncertain and missing continuous time-series data.


Abstract: To identify nuclear proteins that might play a role in the acquisition of neuronal phenotype, two‐dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2D‐PAGE) was used to analyze nuclear proteins expressed over the course of embryonic rat brain development. Metabolically labeled rat brain nuclear proteins from embryonic day 14 (E14) were compared with proteins from embryonic day 20 (E20). Over this period, the rat brain develops from a collection of relatively homogeneous precursor cells into a complex structure containing many different classes of neurons. Computer‐assisted analysis of 2D‐PAGE fluorograms identified 11 proteins that show increases in their rate of synthesis between E14 and E20. Twenty proteins that consistently appear at E20 are not detectable on fluorograms of E14 nuclear proteins, even after long exposures, and thus may be considered to appear de novo. Fifty‐eight proteins show consistent down‐regulation between E14 and E20, and of these, 19 are not detectable on fluorograms of E20 nuclear proteins. The electrophoretic properties of many of these proteins suggest that they are previously unreported, developmentally regulated nuclear proteins. Some of the developmentally regulated, brain‐enriched nuclear proteins identified here may play a role in regulating the expression of neural genes important for cellular differentiation in the mammalian CNS.


16 The cellular prion protein (PrP) is a copper binding protein. The molecular features 17 of the Cu binding sites have been investigated and characterized by spectroscopic 18 experiments on PrP-derived peptides and the correctly folded human full-length PrP (hPrP19 [23-231]). These experiments allowed us to distinguish two different configurations of copper 20 binding. The different copper complexes depend on sequence context, buffer conditions and 21 stoichiometry of copper. The combined information of spectroscopic data from our EXAFS, 22 EPR and ENDOR experiments was used to create models for these two copper complexes. A 23 large number of conformations of these models were calculated using molecular mechanics 24


Hypochondroplasia, achondroplasia, and thanatophoric dysplasia are related at the molecular level, all caused by fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) gene mutations. They differ in severity. FGFR3 has critical roles in fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signalling pathways during bone growth and cerebral cortical development. Mutations of the FGFR3 gene lead to constitutive activation of FGFR3. The well-described brain malformation in thanatophoric dysplasia is characterized by gross abnormalities of temporal lobe patterning and severe dysplasia of the hippocampus. Experimental models suggest that increased proliferation, abnormal migration, and decreased apoptosis are involved. However, reports of the brain findings in hypochondroplasia are based solely on radiologic imaging. We present the neuropathology of a 44 year-old man with hypochondroplasia, epilepsy, and significant intellectual disability. The temporal lobes are enlarged, prominent fissures traverse the inferior temporal surface, and the hippocampus is abnormally folded. Microscopically, the dentate gyrus is variably small or thin and is located near the edge of a gyrus. Ammon's horn is displaced and meandering. Subicular-like clusters are profuse. Complex gyri resemble microgyria. White matter forms a subpial border in some gyri. In summary: medial temporal lobe dysgenesis. This individual also had many autistic features including stereotypies and head banging. The latter could explain another surprising set of brain abnormalities unrelated to the presumed FGFR3-related syndrome. LEARNING OBJECTIVES This presentation will enable the learner to:1. Summarize current theories on the pathogenesis of FGFR3-related cortical malformation2. Describe the brain abnormalities in hypochondroplasia3. Identify the neuropathology resulting from head banging


Johnson. Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, vol. 19. 2005, pp. 193-200.* Johnson, D.W. et al., "A rapid screening procedure for cholesterol and dehydrocholesterol by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry," Journal of Lipid Research, Oct. 2001, vol. 42, No. 10, pp. 1699-1705. Griffiths, William J. et al., "Derivatisation for the characterisation of neutral oxosteroids by electrospray and matrix-assisted laser desorp tion/ionisation tandem mass spectrometry: the Girard P derivative." Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, RCM 2003, vol. 17. No. 9, pp. 924-935. Wang Yuqin et al., "Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization high energy collision-induced dissociation of steroids: analysis of oxysterols in rat brain." Analytical Chemistry, Jan. 1, 2006, vol. 78, No. 1, pp. 164-173. Griffiths, William J. et al., "Analysis of oxysterols by electrospray tandem mass spectrometry." Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry, Mar. 2006, vol. 17, No. 3, pp. 341-362. Johnson, David W., "A modified Girard derivatizing reagent for uni versal profiling and trace analysis of aldehydes and ketones by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry." Rapid Commu nications in Mass Spectrometry, RCM 2007, vol. 21, No. 18, pp. 2926-2932. Honda, Akira et al., "Highly sensitive quantification of 7alpha hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one in human serum by LC-ESI-MS/MS." Journal of Lipid Research, Feb. 2007, vol. 48, No. 2, pp. 458-464. Chevy, F. et al., "Sterol profiling of amniotic fluid: a routine method for the detection of distal cholesterol synthesis deficit." Prenatal Diagnosis, Nov. 2005, vol. 25, No. 11, pp. 1000-1006. Bove, Kevin E. et al., "Bile acid synthetic defects and liver disease: a comprehensive review." Pediatric and Developmental Pathology: The Official Journal of the Society for Pediatric Pathology and the Paediatric Pathology Society, Jul. 2004, vol. 7, No. 4, pp. 315-334.


The present note outlines an answer to a question listed as open in our recent survey article [1], familiarity with which is assumed. Let Γ be the class of all X ⊆ ω such that X is reducible to for some some arithmetical and some positive with Y ⊆ p(Y) for all Y. A.1. Theorem. is a complete set of class Γ. A.2. Corollary, (a) is-in-a--parameter. (b) (i) Every set-in-a--parameter is reducible to. (ii) Every set-in-a--parameter is reducible to. Remarks. A.1 answers 7.3 of [1]. A.2 says as much as can be said about in terms of the coarse classifications of the analytical hierarchy. A.2 follows from A.1 by general methods and results in the theory of inductive definitions (having nothing specifically to do with truth), and its proof will be omitted. Proof of A.1. We omit subscripts vF. Upper Bound. Define


Effects of site, root diameter, soil depth of interroot contact, length of root surface in contact, type of contact, and relative position of roots were investigated on the frequency of transfer of...


We argue that composite singlets accommodate thermal leptogenesis along with one right-handed neutrino. This framework suggests that the reheating temperature is as low as O (10 5 ) GeV, and the quasi-degenerate neutrino masses are present at O (0 . 01) eV.


The authors study two methods to judg positive definite matrix in linear complementarity problem,and obtain some conditions to ensure positiveress of matrixes.Meanwhile,it is indicated that some existent conditions of the solution to linear complementary problem in literature [4] are only sufficient but not necessary conditions.


Objective To study the effects of Semen Cassiae extract on lipid metabolism of hyperlipidemia model mice.Methods In this experiment,mice were sc injected with two different concentration of Semen Cassiae extract,and sacrificed at 1,2,and 4 h.The blood samples were withdrawn from the eye vein.The plasma biochemical indexes were detected by using the kit,and real time PCR was used to analyze the expression of adipogenesis genes with time series.Results For hyperlipidemia model mice treated with Semen Cassiae extract serum total cholesterol(TC),triglyeride(TG),and low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C) could be decreased significantly(P0.05,0.01),while high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C) in serum could be increased significantly(P0.01).In adipose tissue,Semen Cassiae extract up-regulated PPARγ,SREBP-1c,HSL,and TGH, the level was very significant at 1 h(P0.01),but FAS was down-regulated.In muscle,Semen Cassiae extract down-regulated the expression level of PPARγ,SREBP-1c,TGH,and HSL,and PPARγ was very significant at 2 h(P0.01);SREBP-1c and HSL were very significant at 1 h (P0.01);TGH was very significant at 2 h(P0.01).The expression of FAS was up-regulated and very significant at 1 h(P0.01).Conclusion Semen Cassiae extract could regulated the blood-fat level in hyperlipidemia model mice and it could adjust lipid metabolism by regulating the expression of lipid metabolism gene.


In order to better evaluate the geological environment impact of mines,an evaluation index system was established according to the characteristics of gypsum mines in Baiguo region of Hengshan County,and the weight of each index was determined by adopting the analytic hierarchy process.Then,a gray comprehensive evaluation model for gypsum mines' geological environment impact was established by use of grey system theory,and 3 typical mines were calculated as examples.The calculating result indicated that it was well consistent with the actual situation.The evaluation result cannot only reflect the impact degree of gypsum mines on geological environment,but also be used to rank the geological environment impact degree of different mines in the same region.The study achievements provide a new way for the geological environment impact assessment of mines,and meanwhile,it can be also applied to the geological environment impact assessment of other non-coal mines.


Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the world's leading cause of tumor‐related mortalities. Natural killer (NK) cells play a critical role at the first immunological defense line against HCC initiation and progression. NK cell dysfunction is therefore an important mechanism for immune evasion of HCC cells. In the present study using a murine HCC model, we revealed the down‐regulation of PR/SET Domain 10 (PRDM10) in hepatic NK cells that were phenotypically and functionally exhausted. PRDM10 silencing diminished the expression of natural killer group 2 member D (NKG2D) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐related apoptosis‐inducing ligand (TRAIL), augmented T cell immunoglobulin and ITIM domain (TIGIT) expression, and decreased the expression of interferon (IFN)‐γ, perforin and granzyme B in normal hepatic NK cells in vitro. Consistently, PRDM10‐deficient NK cells exhibited impaired cytotoxicity on target cells. In contrast, PRDM10 over‐expression promoted NKG2D and Fas ligand (FasL) expression, reduced CD96 expression and enhanced transcripts of IFN‐γ, perforin and granzyme B in NK cells in vivo. Moreover, PRDM10 silencing and PRDM10 over‐expression down‐regulated and up‐regulated Eomesodermin (Eomes) expression, respectively. In summary, this study reveals PRDM10 down‐regulation as a novel mechanism underlying NK cell dysfunction and identifies PRDM10 as a supporting factor of NK cell function.


Planetary crustal thickness models can be produced from the assumption that gravity anomalies are due only to variations in surface and crust/mantle topography and crust and mantle densities are laterally constant [ I ] . Assuming plausible values for crust (2.7 to 3.1) and mantle (3.0 to 3.5 gmlcc) density and mean crustal thickness (50 to 150 km), we generated such models for Mars using both Mars5Oc [2] and GMM-1 [3]. Except for Tharsis these are nearly identical and show more spatial detail than earlier gravity models [4]. We show how crustal thickness based on Mars50c depend on average crustal thickness and crust/mantle density contrast. A reasonable model for Mars has average thickness about 65 km if the density contrast is 0.5 (crust 3.0, mantle 3.5) gmlcc. This model satisfies the "constraint" on crustal thickness from the possible detection of a marsquake by Viking Lander 11 [5].


This paper describes the simulation process developed by the Delaware Valley Regional Planning Commission to forecast travel demand for the bi-state Philadelphia metropolitan area. The modeling concept consists of a four-step process. Trip generation (step 1) uses a disaggregate trip rate; and it requires extensive knowledge of the magnitude and location of regional activities such as land use, employment, and the demographic characteristics of the resident population. Trip distribution (step 2) uses a typical gravity formulation stratified by trip purpose. Mode choice (step 3) estimates the proportion of the trips between two zones that will use the transit system and the proportion that will use the highway system. The final step of the process is the assignment of the various types of trips to the transportation system networks. Also described in this paper is a modified simulation technique (MST)--which is applicable to the study of changes in mode choice resulting from changes in service level, skip-stop or express service, station spacing, and shifts in route alignment. The underlying assumption is not that the primary transit submode route does change, but that the specific links of the path might change. The primary impact of these service changes will be in the level of transit mode choice for a given trip interchange. The MST does provide a useful and cost effective means around the expense of the standard simulation process; although, its applicability is limited to those studies where the underlying assumption of "no significant change in primary transit submode route" is considered a reasonable approximation.


Thereis a paucity of studies on the consumption of digital content by elderly people utilising smart devices as well as strategies to get elderly people acquainted with smart gadgets. Usability and familiarity with smart devices for senior persons to utilise and get the most out of smart devices and digital content must be prioritised. A cognitive reaction-based intelligent UI suited for senior persons is proposed in this paper, which is based on the user's cognitive performance and demographics. A cognitive response feedback and demography dataset was built by interviewing a group of elderly in Malaysia. The context of the interview is associated with the unique cognitive keywords that may be anticipated by contextual semantic search. In this paper, two classifiers are used, Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Naïve Bayes (NB), and they are compared in terms of classification performances. The classifiers are validated using k-fold cross-validation (to-folds) using unigram TF-IDF and bigram TF-IDF, and the results were presented using accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 scores. Thus, user interface (UI) pre-sets lists will be matched to the user model based on the dataset classification result and be visualized using a mobile app interface builder.


NITROGLYCERIN, which was first synthesized in 1846 and known as glonoine, was initially employed by homeopathic physicians to treat headaches and palpitations.1 Sir Lauder Brunton2 reported on the use of amyl nitrite in 1867, and in 1879, William Murrell3 described the beneficial effects of nitroglycerin in patients with angina pectoris. Several organic nitrates with various formulations are currently available, but controversy has arisen regarding their clinical efficacy and the fact that during sustained therapy, the effects of the nitrates are substantially diminished as compared with their short-term effects. Attenuation of the antianginal effects during sustained therapy suggests that nitrate tolerance . . .


Based on focus groups conducted in both 2002 and 2011, this qualitative study found that college students from different racial groups (Asian American, White, and Black) criticized media's Asian American representations, yet also affirmed that the media corporations should and will maximize their profits—even if this mandate would end up perpetuating stereotypes. This data also revealed that although the Internet, and social media in particular, did offer alternative Asian American images, its impact was only felt by Asian Americans, who were the most motivated to search for representations of their own community. In fact, other racial groups were not aware of these images at all. This suggests that individualized new technology may not be able to resolve media misrepresentations of a particular group, and that awareness for entrenched corporate hegemony is necessary. Disagreeing with a text-based media literacy curriculum, which focuses solely on decoding texts, we argue instead for a comprehensive media literacy intervention. This particular approach to media education emphasizes a contextual approach that teaches students the political economy within which mainstream media are produced, yet also points students toward alternative media systems that exist beyond the purely profit-driven system that they have come to accept.


Using free‐energy simulations, we have shown that RevErbα‐induced DNA deformation preferentially occurs by induced fit rather than by conformational selection, even though the DNA is only slightly distorted in the complex. Our study shows that information on the sequence of binding events is needed to establish whether conformational selection or induced fit is operative, and that the presence of multiple apo‐state structures might not be enough to distinguish between these binding models.


The authors raise the question of the role of goat milk in the nutrition of infants. The properties of goat milk and its difference from cow milk are discussed. The authors share experience in the prescription of goat milk formula, give examples from their own practice