With the process of alloy powder plasma spray welding technology, three excellent coatings such as Fe50, Ni60 and NiWC25 were obtained. The results of applying NiWC25 powder plasma spray welding in hot rolling guide plate show that Q235 guide plate with NiWC25 coating has long service life about 5 times of HT200 one, its average service rolling amount can reach about 100 thousand ton.[


PURPOSE: A producing method of scorched rice pizza dough is provided to offer traditional texture to pizza, and to enable users to easily digest the dough. CONSTITUTION: A producing method of scorched rice pizza dough comprises the following: soaking 50 parts of rice by weight in 40-70 deg C water for 30-150 minutes; preparing 50 parts of rice powder; mixing the water soaked rice, the rice powder, and edible additives; steaming the obtained mixture, and washing the mixture with cold water; adding oligosaccharides into the mixture; and roasting the steamed mixture in a molder. The additives include 10-15 parts of corn starch by weight, 3-6 parts of butter by weight, 1-10 parts of milk by weight, and 0.1-0.3 parts of salt by weight.


D R U G interactions are assuming ever greater importance in medical practice and must be considered with almost every form of therapy. In the social sphere the interactions of different medicaments with alcohol may lead to inadvertent overdose and barbiturates, antihistamines and various tranquillisers have all been incriminated. Most of the human pharmacological studies in this ñeld have been with oral ingestion of alcohol. Its effect, in combination with various drugs, has been investigated using the duration of sleep, tests of discriminative response, co-ordination and judgment, electroencephalographic studies, etc. A re-evaluation of ethanol as an intravenous anaesthetic (Dundee and Isaac, 1969; Dundee et al, 1970) provided an opportunity of carrying out studies on its interaction with drugs which could be used as premedicants under standard conditions. Their effects on ethanol dosage have been presented elsewhere (Dundee and Isaac, 1970; Dundee β/., 1970) and this paper reports studies on the blood levels at which loss of consciousness occurs.


Author(s): Sterner, Ray T. | Abstract: Factors affecting soil-contact and -manipulation behaviors of pocket gophers (Thomomys and Geomys spp.) are poorly understood. Delineation of these behaviors is crucial to development of new repellent systems that seek to exploit the fossorial activity of these rodents. In a laboratory study involving northern pocket gophers (Thomomys talpoides), I examined the effects(s) of gravimetric soil moisture (i.e., 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25%) upon soil-contact and -use behaviors. Six gophers received successive, 0.5 h/day exposures to one of the moist soils compared to dry (0%) soil in a 2-choice apparatus. Times in each compartment and observed behaviors were recorded. A chamber × moisture interaction was attributed to the avoidance of 25% moist soil. A qualitative description of 37 locomotor, postural, sniffing, grooming, feeding, and soil-manipulation responses is provided.


The real estate industry takes China national economy the pillar industry,maintained more than 20 year sustained growth tendencies,but in real estate construction practice process,because the industrial production degree is low,caused the work rate lowly,the construction material the situation and so on to consume energy,to consume occurrences,to change this condition,the central committee proposed that implemented and realized the scientific development concept,advocated that the energy conservation reduced the platoon,the development circulation economy,but the housing industrial production responded this summons,this article from reality engineering design's angle embarking,took the objective point by the landscape design,lived in the area regarding the industrial production the landscape design idea to carry on the preliminary discussion.


For monitoring on signal caused by ground motion,realize 24 hours unattended monitoring on security area,design a kind of vibration sensor with signal recognition function. The system uses processor to realize signal recognition algorithm,through wireless chip transmit results to data control system center to realize sensor signal recognition and information transmission function. Experimental results show that this system can effectively recognize people and vehicles signals within 25 m in 3 s,correct recognition rate is 96 %; for wheeled and tracked vehicle within 100 m in 10 s,it is 90 %.


create a dialog between artists and engineers, people in the computer graphics industry and those in the field in academia. The panel will discuss the roles that engineers, commercial artists and art academicians play in influencing the development of the process, the content, the product and the context of computer art. One of the main social functions of art is to understand and communicate the human experience. Because the foundation of understanding is creating relationship and correlation between thoughts, computer technology, with its ability to store many "thoughts," is ideally suited to expanding our base of understanding. And because the nature of communication is connection, computer technology, with its ability to connect the "thoughts" it stores and present a variety of different views and relationships of those thoughts, is a powerful means of elucidating the very process of communication. However, as Richard Saul Wurman stated several years ago, from his position outside the computer technology arena, "There are only three businesses involved in communication today. The first is the transmission business, all companies starting with tele: television, telephone, telex, etc. The second is the storage business. There, the technology is exploding because of the compression of storage: laser, compact disk, ROM, CD ROM, CDI and all kinds of floppy and hard disks. The third business is the understanding business, and nobody is in it... writers... serve the god of style and the god of accuracy. Graphic designers... and all the universities serve... the god of looking good." If we notice how other high tech communication forms of this century such as film and video have evolved, we can see what Mr. Wurman means. Both media have been influenced greatly by the gods of style and looking good. In addition, because of the high cost of use, mass market saleability has dictated product and the limited accessibility of the media has led to a narrowness of the language and a dearth of form. If we do not want the high tech nature of the computer to force the art which it mediates to devolve toward either the banal or the overly precious, and if we desire the growth of the understanding business, we must become aware and make use of the essential changes that the computer has wrought. This awareness is being forged in a number of ways: peoples work and leisure are merging as computer technology becomes a presence in all aspects of living; engineers and artists are becoming collaborators in ways that breed a healthy respect in each for the process of the other; engineers are noticing how people really work and incorporating the unintended use that people make of their tools back in to the tools themselves; artists are rejecing the classic role of standing outside the culture in order to see it and instead infusing themselves into the very heart of the culture... the computer communications industry... and changing it. We are at the crossroads of development of this tool and each of us, by virtue of being a part of this community, can guide that development. Perhaps a bit of hindsight and a bit of projection will illuminate our task: The limits of communication and understanding inherent in how the printing press developed has lasted for 400 years. In fifty years will the computer have become just another toy, a pastime? Will it have become just another way to do the same things we've always done? Or will we develop it and, in turn, allow it to change us, so that it becomes the most powerful tool we have seen to date, a tool that allows the artist to create with thought itself and for all of us to realize the basic artistic nature of our work? I believe that the crux of these question lays within the institutions of business and academia. If the changes that we see in individuals can begin to trickle upwards into the larger institutions of which we are a part and become incorporated into their processes before they trivialize them or make them too precious we may actually see a whole new culture emerge. If academia could share with industry what it knows about thought, reflection and learning for the sake of learning and help create products that are essential, not frivolous, enduring not throw-away; if industry could share with academia its wealth and what it knows about pragmatic application of knowledge and help connect ideas to realities... perhaps we will create a culture of learning companies and working intellectuals, with more inherent balance than our current culture of excess.


A standard silicon stripe waveguide coated with 220nm-thick multilayer hyperbolic metamaterial cladding makes itself become an ultra-compact TE-pass polarizer, which is characterized by ultrahigh extinction ratio of 41dB and low insertion loss of 1.35dB.


LIVER CROSS-SENSITIVITY TO ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUGS DEAR SIR, Two points on management arise from this nearly fatal case. A 26-year-old man admitted with acute schizophrenia sometimes accepted chlorpromazine but mostly he refused. Control of the psychosis was urgent because he would disappear into the freezingnight in minimalclothingimpelled by †̃¿ supernatural influence'. Over the next two weeks he accepted three injections of modecate which settled the psychosis. Seventeen days after his first dose of phenothiazine, jaundice was noticed. For the next four months he was physically very ill. Serum bilirubin peaked at 252 (normal 0— 17 umolll), alkaline phosphatase reached 294 (normal 0—50 lU/L), OPT reached 240 (normal 0-40 lU/L), yGT reached 1675(normal 0—50 lU/L). A second psychotic episode settled in hospital without medication. The third episode in the same year was very severe and did not settle after compulsory admission. A literature search and drug companyenquiry indicatedthat no antipsychotic drug is without risk to liver. Nothing was gleanedabout relative risksof cross-sensitivity. Arbitrarily it was decided to try in succession the best known drug derivative of each class of antipsychotic other than phenothiazine i.e. haloperidol, flupenthixol,pimozide. The shorter acting preparations would be given for at least two weeks before risking transfer to a long-acting depot preparation. With regular liver funtion tests oral haloperidol wasgiven for fourteen days when a sharp rise in SOFT and yGT occurred. Oral flupenthixolwas then given for three weeks when it was considered safe to establish him on the long actingdepot prearation, Depixol, on whichhe has now been quite wellfor fivemonths. Point one In patients found to be sensitive to One antipsychotic drug, at least two weeks on short-acting preparations of the alternative drug is required before transferring to its long-acting depot preparation. The risks of inadequate control of a non-compliant psych otic patient have to be very great indeed to justify earlier depot injections which might damage the liver for many months. Point two A register of alternative drugs tried in patients who have developed such liver reactions might eventually permit choices to be made which are better than arbitrary.


The relationship between AC impedance and hardened mortar humidity was researched. It is shown that the AC impedance is linearly related to humidity. The distribution of mortar humidity and its change with time could be measured by AC impedance technique. It is found that the humidity of the surface of mortar reduces more quickly than that of the inner. It's very important to control the humidity of the concrete to avoid concrete crack.


Summary By using molecular dynamics simulations, we studied the behaviors of pure phos- pholipid membrane bilayer in an external electric field, which was applied perpen- dicular to the initial water/membrane interfaces. Results show that external electric fields can induce membrane reorientation and phase transition. The hydration level of lipid determines the final structure. When the hydration level is 71 water per lipid (w/l), it is a lamellar to lamellar reorientation. When the hydration level is 24 w/l, it is a lamellar to inverted cylinder phase transition. The water/membrane interfaces in different final structures are parallel to the direction of the external electric field. The results are consistent with the understanding on the universe behaviors of the dielectric interface in external electric fields. Electroporation is the initial step independent of the hydration level. Deformation, fusion, fracture and pore-resealing of membrane are observed during membrane reorientation and phase transition. Complex cubic phases with 3-dimensional connections for both membrane and water appear as the intermediate structures.


Preparations in Comparative Anatomy removed from Dr Knox's Premises [and written before 23rd] SEPT. 1828 - an extract from
Knox Old Catalogue, University of Edinburgh
Anatomy Archives - CRC DA 50 Anat [905].
Transcribed by Alastair A. Macdonald and Colin M. Warwick
and discussed in:
Macdonald, A.A & Warwick, C.M. 2014. Dr John Barclay's teaching of comparative anatomy. Veterinary History Vol. 17 No. 3.


We illustrate the importance of environment-dependent surface energy changes in predicting the micronization of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) in gas antisolvent precipitation (GASP) processes. This size-reduction scheme exploits compressed CO2(g) as antisolvent (AS) at near-ambient temperatures. Ordinary API-loaded solvents (often sprays) are contacted with dense CO2, and during CO2 uptake in an evolving expanding liquid API + solvent + CO2 solution droplet, particle nucleation (N) sets in, continuing along with growth (G) and, ultimately, coagulation. A rational method [due to Nielsen and Sohnel (J. Cryst. Growth 1971, 11, 233) and Mersmann (J. Cryst. Growth 1990, 102, 841)) is used to estimate the changing embryonic solid/ternary solution interfacial energy, γ. We demonstrate the dramatic yield and crystal size distribution (CSD) consequences of surface energy evolution (SEE) by carrying out N/G calculations for the surrogate organic API: phenanthrene dissolved in representative well-mixed mi...


Even though it has been part of scholarly discourse for decades, theoretical and empirical evidence on the relationship between democratic institutions and economic prosperity remains ambiguous. The present study adds to this discussion by introducing a bundled approach for measuring institutions. This approach is especially insightful since it takes interrelations between institutions into account that tend to be overlooked in many empirical studies, which estimate e(cid:27)ects of single indicators only. The index used in this paper allows for two level of bundled analyses - on the levels of the dimensions of political, economic and the societal institutions, and on the overall level of democracy. This study presents evidence that a higher initial GDP level leads to a smaller e(cid:27)ect of the institutional bundles on the level of GDP per capita. While results are only representative for a rather short panel comprising 16 years, they nevertheless reveal that there is merit to a bundled approach since the study (cid:28)nds conclusive results for the bundles.


Performance gains in computer design are quickly consumed as users seek to analyze larger problems to a higher degree of accuracy. Innovative computational methods, such as parallel and distributed computing, seek to multiply the power of existing hardware technology to satisfy the computational demands of large applications. In the early stages of this project, experiments were performed using two large, coarse-grained applications, CSTEM and METCAN. These applications were parallelized on an Intel iPSC/860 hypercube. It was found that the overall speedup was very low, due to large, inherently sequential code segments present in the applications. The overall execution time T(sub par), of the application is dependent on these sequential segments. If these segments make up a significant fraction of the overall code, the application will have a poor speedup measure.


In this paper we describe the progresses achieved in the application of modern Hamiltonian dynamics tools, like frequency map analysis, to the problem of beam halo formation in a high intensity proton linac. In particular we discuss the extension of the approach introduced for a continuous beam in a FODO channel to a realistic linac, considering the problems connected with longitudinal dynamics and acceleration.


Objective To analyze the elderly the clinical value of plasma brain natriuretic peptide level in patients with heart failure.Methods According to the plasma BNP level 104 cases of patients with heart failure,were selected and divided into A,B,C,D four groups,such as measuring between groups of BNP,LVEF,6 MWT,after discharge adverse events in patients with NYHA. Results With the increase of the BNP,group B,group C,group D LVEF,6 MWT dropped significantly,and the incidence of C,D groups of adverse situation were higher than A,B two groups,the difference was statistically significant( P 0. 05). Conclusion Plasma BNP levels in patients with heart failure and 6 MWT,LVEF and NYHA were closely related to the prognosis,and provide important reference for diagnosis of senile heart failure.


www.PRSJournal.com 149 M oday, O cber 19 The large number of treatment options reflects that there is no treatment, which is universally proven to be most effective. The present study has been done to compare the efficacy and safety of three drug regimens; intralesional triamcinolone acetonide (TAC) versus 5-Flurouracil (5-FU) versus combination of 5-FU + TAC in the treatment of keloids and hypertrophic scars.


Abstract A protein with the same properties as the oligomycin sensitivity-conferring protein (OSCP) of bovine heart mitochondria has been purified from yeast mitochondria. This protein stimulates the binding of F1 to extracted membranes by as much as 10-fold. The reconstituted particulate ATPase is inhibited by rutamycin. The yeast OSCP by itself does not form a complex with F1 nor does it confer rutamycin sensitivity on F1 in the absence of the membrane. The function of OSCP appears to be closely related to the binding of F1 to another component of the ATPase which is present in the membrane. The postribosomal supernatant of yeast cells derepressed on low concentrations of glucose in the presence of chloramphenicol has been shown to contain soluble OSCP. The amount of OSCP present in the cytoplasmic fraction is sufficient to bind all of the soluble F1 also present in this fraction. It is concluded that both OSCP and F1 are synthesized by the cytoplasmic-ribosomal system of the cell.


In this work we propose and develop modified quantum games (zero and non-zero sum) in which payoffs and strategies are entangled. For the games studied, Nash and Pareto equilibriums are always obtained indicating that there are some interesting cases where quantum games can be applied.


A variety of 2-mercapto-substituted vinyl radicals have been produced through the free-radical reaction of alkanethiols (including phenethyl, allyl, and benzyl mercaptans) with monosubstituted acetylenes in benzene at 90 o C. The 2-(benzylthio)vinyl radicals (6) readily rearranged to (vinylthio)methyl radicals (7) via a novel 1,4-migration of the phenyl group from thiomethyl to vinyl carbon; 2-(phenethylthio)vinyl radicals (12) underwent internal 1,5-hydrogen transfer to form β-thio-substituted benzyl radicals (13) which in turn suffered fast β-elimination of vi- nylthio radicals 18; and 2-(allylthio)-vinyl radical (20) underwent ki- netically preferred 5-exo cyclization to give the primary radical (26) which could easily rearrange to the more stable ring-expanded radical (25)


Heavily polluted dredged seaport sediments cannot be dumped into the sea and thus raise problems regarding their management since classical terrestrial methods (incineration, depositing in dumps, etc.) are ill-adapted to their treatment, both economically and with respect to the volumes that can be absorbed. Among the alternative solutions considered, filling in dry quarries appears promising, in particular because it provides sufficient capacities for managing the large volumes involved. This method nonetheless requires launching a research program aimed at providing a methodology for assessing specific ecological risks, in order to validate the compatibility of each large-scale filling operation with neighbouring inland environments and ecosystems. In this context, the objective of the ANR SEDIGEST program was twofold: - operationally: to develop an ecological risk assessment methodology adapted to the management scenario mentioned above, - scientifically: to remove the main barriers against drawing up such a methodology. These were mostly linked to still very partial understanding of the different physical chemical and biological mechanisms involved in their deposit on land. After three years of works focusing on three sediment matrixes taken from seaports in the south and west of France (two in the Var department and one in that of Finistere), the SEDIGEST program resulted in a methodological proposal comprising four possible levels of complexity, usable for the environmental validation of a given project to fill quarries with seaport sediments.


Biopsy of sentinel lymphatics has reliably entered the guidelines for diagnosing and treating many malignant neoplasms, but the situation in patients with thyroid cancer remains debatable.Objective. The purpose of the work is the search, bibliometric analysis, and generalization of scientific literature data to study the prognostic value and features of regional metastasis of highly differentiated forms of thyroid cancer, as well as the study of sentinel lymph node biopsy techniques.Materials and methods. Two hundred forty-two literature sources containing information on sentinel lymph node biopsy in patients with papillary and follicular thyroid cancer were examined. The data search was conducted in the electronic databases of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar using the following key terms: "thyroid cancer," "sentinel lymph node biopsy," and "dyes." Using visualization tools and modern citation metrics SciVal (Scopus) with the application of an online platform for monitoring and analyzing international scientific research, it was possible to perform a bibliometric analysis. Bibliometric networks were constructed and visualized using VOSviewer.Results and conclusions. Regional metastasis can occur both in stages and with the omission of the predicted department. Lymph nodes of the ipsilateral central department occupy the first place in damage frequency.Regional metastasis is recognized as a negative prognostic factor for the development of locoregional recurrence of the disease. The mortality rate increases only in risk factors such as age <45 years, bulky thyroid tumor, and involvement of up to 6 metastatic lymph nodes. The main criterion for the effectiveness of the contrast during sentinel lymph node biopsy is the negative predictive value and the false negative rate. According to the bibliographic analysis, interest in sentinel lymph node biopsy in patients with thyroid cancer continues to grow from 1998 to the present. With the help of the VOSviewer bibliometric network visualization tool, it was possible to analyze 242 scientific articles.


The upcoming NASA TESS mission will perform an all-sky survey for planets transiting bright nearby stars. In addition, its excellent photometric precision will enable asteroseismology of solar-type and red-giant stars. We apply a newly developed detection test along a sequence of stellar evolutionary tracks in order to predict the detectability of solar-like oscillations with TESS.


Fragmentation of DNA from rat liver under type 2 diabetes has been observed. Furthermore, aconitase (EC 126.96.36.199) activity in rat liver and blood under this pathology is decreased in comparison with control group. Along with this fact the level of citrate in researching tissues is increased. Changes investigating parameters towards norm at introduction of melatonin were established, that is connected probably with realization of antioxidant action of the hormone.


Mission statements are considered to be one of the most popular management tools in the world – and also one of the most frustrating. To secure their success, it has been recommended that mission statements be communicated and disseminated to as many internal and external stakeholders as possible. One means for doing this is through the Internet and the posting of an organization's mission statement on its company Web site. But who is doing this? What types of organizations are using the World Wide Web to advertise their missions? Where is a mission statement typically located in a corporate Web site? And what are some of the motivations that an organization has for posting or not posting its mission? These are questions which have not yet been addressed by previous research and which this preliminary study sought to answer.


The geography of Palestine obliges us to consider the land a Mediterranean country. While the maps of course do justice to this fact, the OT histories as a rule do not. The tacit assumption is that New Testament Palestine was Mediterranean because it was part of the Roman Empire, whereas until the Conquest of Alexander the Great, Old Testament Palestine belonged to the Near East and was cut off from the Sea by Phoenicians and Philistines who controlled the coast. How unsatisfactory this approach is, becomes evident from the material findings in the Palestinian excavations particularly of the Minoan and Mycenaean periods. From architecture to ceramics, archeology shows' us that ancient Israel and Hellas were at no time totally cut off from each other. It is true that the contacts were strongest at the beginning and end of aT times, and weakest during the centuries when Greece and Israel produced their most distinctive contributions. Perhaps the main factor accounting for the attenuation of contacts between the two spheres was the series of Asiatic World Empires (Assyrian, Neo-Babylonian, Persian) which engulfed Palestine but (except for brief interludes in the reigns of Darius I and Xerxes I) left Greece unscathed to develop its own culture within the framework of the native city states. It was during the era of the Asiatic World Empires that Greece and Israel developed their distinctive classical cultures. Greece then produced her scientists and philosophers; Israel, her prophets. To retroject the classical images of Greece and Israel back into the second millennium is unjustified. The heroes of the Iliad and Judges are in many ways closer to each other than they are to their respective classical descendants 1). The world of the Hebrews is clearly delineated in Genesis 10 which


This book provides a user-friendly reference for school counsellors in dealing with the demands of their work, especially on their work with special-needs students. Most counsellors preparation programmes simply cannot include more than a quick overview of the laws and a basic unit on goals and objectives when it comes to working with students with disabilities. This book fills that gap, and gives more background on the mandates, and offers many more practical resources. It gives counsellors clear directions for understanding their roles and responsibilities with children who have disabilities, as well as tools that will help them succeed in their work.


Spanish left open up coalition talks ahead of investiture vote After tense exchanges following the Spanish national elections at the end of April, PSOE and Podemos appear to be on the path to a…


This writing be given the title of establishment liability commanditaire vennootschap in Denpasar. As for the purpose of writing is for know the requirements within the establishment liability commanditaire vennootschap in Denpasar. Methods research which used is research method juridical empirical. The establishment of a limited partnership organized under Article 19 of the Code of Commercial Law (to businesses). The establishment of a limited partnership in Denpasar generally by notarial deed. Deed of establishment limited partnership includes the identity of the founder, the determination name limited partnership, a description of the limited partnership that is general or limited, clausula-clausula Another important with regard to third party against allies founder, Formation cash (money) of a limited partnership registration certificate of establishment to the District Court.


This thesis describes a software program that recognizes hand-drawn Course of Action diagrams. User input is through sketching, or a combination of sketching and speech. Course of Action symbols are recognized incrementally, and the informal sketching input is replaced with formal images of the symbols. The system uses the LADDER shape definition language to represent the geometric properties of shapes, and is capable of recognizing 327 distinct Course of Action symbols. The Intermediate Feature Recognizer is used to recognize shapes of intermediate complexity and is capable of recognizing some shapes that cannot be described using LADDER defintions. By detecting features of intermediate complexity, the system is capable of automatic error correction of some stroke segmentation errors and dealing with filled-in and multi-segment lines. The system is also able to recognize a combination of speech and sketching input of some information that can't easily be communicated through sketching alone. The system has a shape grammar to allow the sketch recognizer to conform to rules for creating Course of Action symbols. The system is also capable of "interpreting" the sketch understanding the higher-level details of military units and actions that were sketched in the Course of Action diagram. Thesis Supervisor: Randall Davis Title: Professor of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science


Abstract The main objective of this paper is to determine the extent to which forest structural variables can be estimated from SPOT-1 panchromatic and multispectral radiance. The test site is the state-owned Pynven forest, featuring a large amount of evenly-aged pine stands from which those with Corsican pine (Pinus nigra Am. var. Calabrica Loud.) are selected. Investigated image parameters include waveband, first-order statistics estimators and sample window size. The forest stand parameters are stand density, stand age, average tree diameter, stand basal area, average canopy height and stand volume. Empirical linear models are constructed based on Bartlett's three-group method, followed by inversion and validation using an independent test data set. The green and red SPOT-1 waveband are useless for forest stand parameter estimation, and the arithmetic mean of sample window radiance is the only usable estimator from the set of tested statistical measures. Stand density and average canopy height can sati...


Objective To summarize the clinical characteristics of severe acute pancreatitis(SAP) for perfect management countermeasures. Methods Analysis of the clinical data of 64 patients with SAP was made retrospectively. Results The aged patients were 51.6% in this series; the mortality in early non operative therapy group was 35.3%, in early operative therapy group 50%( P 0.05). Organ failure was found in all died patients; 66.7% of patients died of MOF; 70.1% of died patients were aged patients. Conclusions With different pathological changes, evolution of the disease, patient's age and general conditions, and concomitant diseases in different individuals, so the severity of the disease in the patients with SAP exists significant difference. The countermeasure treatment must be adopted according to the individual clinical characteristics.


The increasing concern and focus on the social and environmental impacts lead many companies to consider making a social and environmental report. The report was intended to the external parties; however, it may benefit the internal parties especially for the manager in conducting the project. This research aimed to obtain empirical evidence on the influence of the social and environmental information to the manager decision. The population of this research was the students from the private university in Semarang who have enrolled in Akuntansi Manajemen and Sistem Pengendalian Manajemen (the management accounting and management control system), and the sample was 98 students. The research employed One Way ANOVA using SPSS. The result of this study indicated that social and environmental information significantly influenced the manager decision.


The invention relates to a disconnecting switch assembly (1) for separating air-insulated electrical cables, which have one or more phases, with at least one grounded and filled with protective gas housing (2), with gas-tight fastened to the one or more housings (2) outdoor bushings (4), which each have a free air connection (11) for connecting the pipes, and with gas-insulated circuit breakers (7) provided in the outdoor bushings in each case (4) are arranged, wherein at least three outdoor bushings for each phase (4) are provided, the open-air connections (11) arranged in a housing (2) current path (16) by means of the disconnecting switches (7) are electrically connected to each other.


This issue of Ozone: Science & Engineering focuses on Japan, with six papers from this region. The International Ozone Association is organized in Japan through the Nippon Islands Group with Mr. Hirofumi Takahara as Executive Director of this group. The Nippon Islands Group is very closely affiliated with the Japan Ozone Association (JOA). Dr. Hiroshi Tsuno of Kyoto University is President of the Japan Ozone Association, and President-Elect of IOA. An Ozone World Congress will be held in Tokyo in September, 2009. The JOA is very active in promoting the knowledge and safe use of ozone throughout Japan. They have published documents on ozone safety and have developed standards for ozone generators. JOA holds two technical conferences a year: the Annual Conference on Ozone Science and Technology and the Annual Seminar on Ozone Technology. These two conferences are attended by a total of 300–400 professionals each year. The conferences have an extensive technical program, and several of the papers presented are published in OS&E. Much important research into ozone technology is occurring in Japan, including investigations of novel methods of ozone generation, sludge control, wastewater treatment and removal of endocrine disrupting compounds. Translating the papers presented on this research is no small task and, as a result, only a relative few reach OS&E. The IOA is researching ways to have more translations of papers from the JOA conferences to give the rest of the world more exposure to their fine research. Finally, as this is a new year for OS&E, I would like to thank all of the Editorial Board members for their support in providing the peer review of the papers submitted. As we are now publishing more papers in OS&E, their workload has increased and their efforts are deeply appreciated.


A novel method for detecting radar targets and clutter is proposed. The intrinsic difference in the spectrum of the fractal dimension D/sub q/ between sea clutter and the echoes from ship targets is extracted and used to detect ship targets. The experiments show that a higher detection accuracy can be obtained by using the spectrum of the fractal dimension D/sub q/ than by using fractal dimension.


Within the WTO framework, the relationship between free trade and environment protection is becoming a focus of concern and discussion. As environment protection regulations have found their way into multilateral trade, China' s environmental legislation is faced with such urgent demands as how to protect both our environment and trade and at the same prevent other countries from taking advantages of us with environmental excuses.


Objectives: To study the behavioral and neuroanatomic characteristics of perseverative behavior encountered on a target cancellation task in patients with neglect. Methods: Motor perseverative behavior during line cancellation task was evaluated retrospectively in 60 patients with left hemispatial neglect from right hemispheric stroke. Results: More than 30% of the patients (21 of 60) showed perseveration, manifested as either repetitive cancellation of the same target (18/21) or cancelling extra lines created by the patients themselves (3/21). Neglect severity correlated positively with the frequency of perseverative errors. Perseveration was most prominent in the rightmost portion of the array. Anterior lesions or massive lesions involving anterior and posterior regions were more likely to be associated with motor perseveration than were lesions restricted to posterior areas. Conclusions: Although the mechanism of motor perseveration remains to be elucidated, our findings suggest that the combination of aberrant approach behaviors associated with frontal lobe injury and an attentional or intentional bias toward the rightsided targets might explain the behavior.


AbstractClimate variability and human activities have substantially affected the delivery process of suspended sediment load (SSL) in rivers, which is a major driving force of river configuration a...


An analysis is made on the categories and function of the college association. Then some personal views are stated on how to fortify the association construction and bring it into full play in moral education.


The invention relates to the field of mobile communication and provides a mobile terminal and a method for processing a notification message of the mobile terminal. The method comprises the following steps of detecting icons corresponding to the notification message to be operated, moving the detected icons corresponding to the notification message to a setting area of a touch display screen, and triggering the notification message corresponding to the moved icons and executing set operation. The method for processing the notification message can remove steps of processed message content, saves a large amount of operating time, enables operation of a user to be easier, reduces the complexity degree of operation, and is more in line with humanized operation, and therefore processing efficiency of the notification message is improved.


At your last medical scientific conference were you encouraged to tweet? And would you have been surprised if the organisers had asked you not to? Delegates at the American Diabetes Association scientific meeting in June found themselves in that position, being asked not to share photographs of presented slides through social media. As Dara Mohammadi explains (doi:10.1136/bmj.j3966), many delegates turned to Twitter to question the ADA's draconian approach—more indeed than had been tweeting the conference proceedings.

The episode raises questions about …


First-principle calculations were used to simulate the changes in magnetic parameters and interatomic charge density in the crystal structure of yttrium iron garnet (YIG) caused by Ca–Sn co-doping. The simulation results illustrate that Ca and Sn have no spin polarization in the crystal, and the charge density among ions tends to increase with doping concentration. A solid-state reaction method was employed to prepare YIG with varying concentrations of Ca–Sn co-doping. The saturation magnetization (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$4\pi M_{s}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) of the material shows an initial increase and then decrease as the number of doping increases. This phenomenon of increment in <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$4\pi M_{s}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> at first could be accounted for the increase of the net magnetic moment of material. The reduction in <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$4\pi M_{s}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> could be interpreted as the content of Fe3+ (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$5~\mu \text{B}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) decreases, while the Fe2+ (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$4~\mu \text{B}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) in the material becomes the primary portion when the concentration of doping exceeds 0.10.


Multimodel approaches are widely used with linear submodels, but border areas around submodels are problematic. Special cases of fuzzy linguistic equation models, which can be un- derstood as linguistic Takagi-Sugeno (LTS) type fuzzy models, can be used to solve these problems in many cases. These models use a special nonlinear scaling approach for both inputs and outputs. The LTS models are robust solutions for applications where the same variables can be used for defining operating areas and also in the submodels. No special smoothing algorithms are needed.


Additional education is the important factor of harmonization of his personal and public interests. Regularly raising his qualification, the expert provides personal professional career growth. Constant growth of qualification keeps manufacture development, promotes the general economic development a separately taken company and the country as a whole. Many workers increase their productivity by learning new skills and perfecting old ones while on the job.


This paper discusses the objective quantification of structural damage from a point cloud. In this case, point clouds are created by various methods including light detection and ranging (LiDAR) and/or computer vision techniques (e.g. structure-from-motion or SfM). The quantified damage data before and after a dynamic test series is used to calibrate a finite element model of a two-story building. Test Structure and Measured Data The focal point of this study is the building shown in Fig. 1, located in El Centro, California. The two-story building was built in the 1920s, has an overall length of 39 m in the north-south direction, 26.5 m in the east-west direction, and a maximum height of 11.8 m. The building comprises of six reinforced concrete structural frames in the north-south direction connected with reinforced concrete joists in the east-west direction which are connected via a one-way floor slab. The upper story walls are comprised of two single wythe independent masonry infills, while the first floor has three types of infill: reinforced concrete panels, unreinforced masonry panels, and the combination of these two construction styles. This building was subjected to four significant earthquakes. The most recent earthquake, the 2010 El Mayor – Cucapah Earthquake, caused significant structural damage to the building, which was subsequently red-tagged for demolition. The masonry infills of the north and west bays experienced significant shear cracking which led to damage of the RC columns. In addition, the infills in four out of five bays in the south wall partially or fully collapsed. SHM Methodology and Results A LiDAR scanner and an unmanned aerial vehicle were deployed to collect geometric characteristics of the structure in its current state. The LiDAR scanner utilized in this case study was the FARO Focus X130, which is a phase-based scanner with a maximum range of 130 m and an integrated camera to supplement color triplets for each vertex. In general, the accuracy of LiDAR scanners is a function of the equipment, scan resolution, and environment. For this study, the point cloud density was approximately 1 point per square centimeter. In addition, the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) platform consisted of a DJI Phantom 2 quadcopter with an onboard GoPro camera. The camera captured 598 images pre-test and 444 images posttest which were used to generate point clouds using a SfM platform. Dynamic testing was conducted using a 100-kip portable eccentric mass shaker owned and operated by the University of California, Los Angeles, to induce progressive structural damage and measure the dynamic properties of the buildings. The shaker was anchored on the second floor slab near the north-west corner and was used to produce harmonic excitation between 0-5.5 Hz. A total of 26 forced vibration tests and ambient vibration recordings were conducted before and after the demolition of the infill walls over a fourday period [1]. To characterize the preand post-test damage, LiDAR and UAV surveys were conducted to create preand


Abstract The progressive decline of resilience during the aging process across multiple functional systems suggests basic biological mechanisms of regulation. We exploited a primary cell model to identify markers of cellular resilience or the ability of cells in culture to respond and return to homeostasis following acute challenge including metabolic, oxidative, or proteostatic stress. Using primary fibroblasts from minimally-invasive skin biopsies of genetically heterogeneous mice, we are able to determine individual cellular resilience as well as the normal lifespan and healthspan of each donor. Our studies suggest donor age and sex affect cellular resilience and that this measure of resilience can predict functional outcomes in some interventional studies. While longevity studies continue, these studies point to a potential highly important marker of healthspan and longevity as well as a model to delineate the biology of resilience in animal and translational models.


This paper simply analyses the responsibilities of professional teacher in the support service system of Learners' Guidance Group,and introduces the work's train of thought and ways on professional construction,professional teaching and professional management,etc.At the same time,the author also puts forward some suggestions on how to develop the future work,which has the theory guiding effect and practical value to perfect the supports service system of Learners' Guidance Group.


Objective
To investigate the level and influencing factors of caregivers' burden among primary caregivers of elderly stroke patients.

Methods
Totally 298 caregivers of elderly stroke patients were investigated with Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire(SCSQ). The patients were investigated with Modified Barthel Index (MBI).

Results
The caregivers' burden was in the mild level with a total score of 35.21±11.45. The influencing factors were the number of days of care, daily caring hours, hospital anxiety and depression score, the coping style and the ability of patients to perform ADL.

Conclusions
The primary caregivers of stroke patients have mild burden. The nurses should be synchronized to assess the health of patients and primary caregivers at the same time, understand the caregivers' burden, and provide specific care advice, in order to reduce the burden of their carer, so as to improve the quality of patients' life.

Key words:
Stroke; Aged; Caregiver; Caregiver burden


Users can enjoy personalized services provided by various context-aware applications that collect users' contexts through sensor-equipped smartphones. Meanwhile, serious privacy concerns arise due to the lack of privacy preservation mechanisms. Currently, most mechanisms apply passive defense policies in which the released contexts from a privacy preservation system are always real, leading to a great probability with which an adversary infers the hidden sensitive contexts about the users. In this paper, we apply a deception policy for privacy preservation and present a novel technique, FakeMask, in which fake contexts may be released to provably preserve users' privacy. The output sequence of contexts by FakeMask can be accessed by the untrusted context-aware applications or be used to answer queries from those applications. Since the output contexts may be different from the original contexts, an adversary has greater difficulty in inferring the real contexts. Therefore, FakeMask limits what adversaries can learn from the output sequence of contexts about the user being in sensitive contexts, even if the adversaries are powerful enough to have the knowledge about the system and the temporal correlations among the contexts. The essence of FakeMask is a privacy checking algorithm which decides whether to release a fake context for the current context of the user. We present a novel privacy checking algorithm and an efficient one to accelerate the privacy checking process. Extensive evaluation experiments on real smartphone context traces of users demonstrate the improved performance of FakeMask over other approaches.


This study was conducted to describe the translation techniques' impact on the accuracy of the translation of commissive speech act's responses. The study used descriptive-qualitative research method. The source data used is a novel entitled Dark Matter. The primary data were translation techniques used to translating sentences represented commissive speech acts' responses. Meanwhile, the secondary data were the quality of the translation of commissive speech act's responses. The data were collected using content analysis and FGD or Focused Group Discussion through questionnaire and discussion. The result shows that the translator used 15 kinds of translation techniques with 392 times occurrences to translate 79 responses to commissive speech acts. The findings indicate that the use of certain techniques reduce the value of the translation accuracy. Those techniques are literal, discursive creation and addition. The application of the techniques generates the imperfect quality in terms of accuracy that is 2.96.


Emergence theory states that nature presents itself to us in a hierarchy of levels. Compared to a lower level, emergent levels are novel; they cannot be reduced to, or predicted from, a lower level. Hierarchies of levels and the various kinds of emergence that have been presented in the literature are described. I express my preference for a strong version of emergence, seen both synchronically and diachronically. Emergence theory does justice to the complexity we encounter in creation, and can contribute to a Christian understanding of evolution.


The intrinsic reaction coordinate (IRC) curve is used widely as a representation of the Reaction Path and can be parameterized taking the potential energy as a reaction coordinate (Aguilar‐Mogas et al., J Chem Phys 2008, 128, 104102). Taking this parameterization and its variational nature, an algorithm is proposed that permits to locate this type of curve joining two points from an arbitrary curve that joints the same initial and final points. The initial and final points are minima of the potential energy surface associated with the geometry of reactants and products of the reaction whose mechanism is under study. The arbitrary curves are moved toward the IRC curve by a Runge‐Kutta‐Fehlberg technique. This technique integrates a set of differential equations resulting from the minimization until value zero of the line integral over the Weierstrass E‐function. The Weierstrass E‐function is related with the second variation in the theory of calculus of variations. The algorithm has been proved in real chemical systems. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2010


The known B1 - deficiency reaches excessive high values with light exercise. This results in decompensation of the base-acid balance with metabolic acidosis. Therefore B1 - deficiency has to be considered in the differential diagnosis of all metabolic acidosis situations.


The impact of a decision calculus model on decision quality is assessed in a laboratory setting. An experimental design assesses the effects of: (a) the size of the problem (i.e., the number of control units over which allocations are to be made), (b) the noise-to-signal ratio in the market and (c) individual differences among the model users. The aspects of individual differences studied are: (1) time taken on the task, (2) mathematical ability and (3) cognitive style. The main experiment involved 96 subjects in a full factorial design. In general, the decision calculus model had a beneficial impact on a broad range of decision quality measures, particularly profit achievement.


In this paper, the weaving effects in metamorphic animation of tree-like fractals are presented. The metamorphic animation technique is very fascinating, especially when the animation is involving objects in nature that can be represented by fractals. Through the inverse problem process, objects in nature can be encoded into IFS fractals form by means of the collage theorem and affine function as IFS code. Swing direction from left to right or vice versa or weaving effect in metamorphic animation of tree-like fractal can be simulated based on a family of multi-transitional IFS code naturally between the start and target objects by means of IFS randomize algorithm, so can be observed gradually and smoothly.


Summary: How was the CSG bill, a major priority on the Rocard government's political agenda, constructed as a political entity? Drawing upon empirical data from the prime minister's information and publicity service, it is possible to analyse the process of its composition and recomposition. Alongside overwhelming events such as the Gulf crisis and, to a lesser extent, the 'high school and suburban crisis', the controversial CSG relied essentially for its construction on the government's definition of the political situation. The frames of interpretation applied to the CSG by the media were aimed at reducing the controversy in terms of political tactics and parliamentary games, while the subject itself presented specific difficulties of interpretation.


The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between the formalization of inter-organizational partnerships and collaboration among staff members working together across primary care, mental health and addition organizations to provide services to adults with complex mental health and addiction needs. Phase I of the study provided an environmental scan of existing partnerships among Family Health Teams (FHTs) and Community Health Centres (CHCs), and the Mental Health and/or Addiction (MHA) organizations they partner with, in the province of Ontario (Canada). Phase II explored the relationship between formalization and a) administrative collaboration and b) and service delivery collaboration. The hypotheses proposed that staff members who are part of formalized partnerships would report higher levels of collaboration. Phase III explored how formal and informal partnerships and collaboration are experienced by the administrative and service provider staff members who work across FHTs, CHCs and MHAs organizations. Using a mixed methods approach, data were collected using electronic surveys and telephone interviews. The results of Phase I indicated that FHTs and CHCs in Ontario have between 1-3 partnerships with MHA organizations. Most are informal partnerships, have existed for less than 5 years, and most staff members (partners) interact on a monthly basis. The quantitative results of


The use of animals for therapeutic purposes has been documented for centuries. There is much anecdotal
literature touting the benefits of animal assisted therapy; however, there are few controlled studies supporting
these claims. Therapy animals are often used with the child/adolescent population. The few controlled studies
in this area suggest that there are benefits to children/adolescents when using animals in therapy. One benefit
seen is an improvement in social skills; however, this …


The redundant lifting wavelet transform is used to analyze the vibration signal of drum bearing on belt conveyer.It effectively extracts the characteristic information of fault,and provides a reliable reference to the belt conveyer maintenance.


This work is located in La Chaux-de-Fonds and the lack of external volumes assists the conservation of its garden surroundings, although a deeper study was required of the primary structure in order to achieve the desired architectural expression. For this, it was necessary to fix very accurately the buried construction levels, to avoid anything artificial appearing above the natural land, which should not be altered.
A flexible and modulated sustaining was chosen which enabled the construction to be covered very quickly. It is based on large size reinforced concrete parts, capable of withstanding the great weight of land, walks and upper terraces. The space between them was closed with girders, also of reinforced concrete and a beam-filling made of double brick board, finished on the inside.
The electrical equipment of the building is extremely important. It has a centralized layout, with distribution integrated in the building frame, to give flexible service to lighting, to sound and to the alarm systems. The ventilation air conditioning installations were also of maximum interest, as is fitting in an underground building, and to its museum nature, which calls for a suitable constant atmosphere, to conserve the objects on show perfectly.


In the last three decades investigations in the field of oxadiazoles have been intensified due to their d iverse therapeutic uses.Oxadiazole are wellknown to have a wide range of therapeutic activities namely anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic, anticonvulsant, antiparasitic, antimicrobial etc. In this study, we have evaluated the antimicrobial activity of some carboxymethyl derivatives of oxadi azole-2-thiones, the antimicrobial effects of which have not yet been evaluated till date. The synthesized compounds showed significant antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureusand Escherichia coli,as well as antifungal activity againstAspergillus nigerand Candida albicans. The activity was significant in comparison to the positiveantibacterial and antifungal control of Ofloxacin (5µg/ml) and Miconazole nitrate (40µg/ml), r espectively. Hence, it can be concluded that the oxadiazole derivativ es are important molecules in the field of developing promising antimicrobial compounds. The present study can help and stimulate the r esearcher for further exhaustive study in exploiting oxadiazole compounds to develop newer useful anti microbial agents.


A novel normal‐phase HPLC method for the quantitative determination of flavan‐3‐ols and procyanidins in chocolate and cocoa‐containing food products has been developed. Chromatographic separation based on degree of polymerization (DP = 1–10) was achieved on a diol stationary phase column (normal phase) with a binary gradient of acetonitrile (CH3CN:HOAc) and methanol‐water (CH3OH:H2O:HOAc). This novel methodology employs more environmentally friendly solvents than previously published methods and demonstrates greater resolution for larger oligomers. Quantitation was achieved with fluorescent detection (FLD: ex 230 nm/em 321 nm) and the use of external standards. With these solvents, fluorescence quantum yields were significantly greater than observed in previous methods. To have oligomers (DP1 −10) within the detection range of the instrument in a single run, and behave linearly over a wide range of concentrations, an FLD photomultipler tube gain gradient was employed. Sample preparation investigations were conducted to eliminate common chromatographic interferences and assess extraction efficiencies. Method performance was examined on selected cocoa‐containing foods (including NIST reference materials) with multiple analysts and laboratories. This method demonstrated accurate and reproducible quantitation of the flavanols and procyanidins in chocolate and cocoa‐containing products


When 10 patients with primary amenorrhea and normally developed secondary sex characteristics were investigated, total gonadotropins in 24-hour urine collections were either slightly elevated or in the low normal range. The clinical symptomatology associated with this abnormality differs from that of both pure gonadal dysgenesis and hypogonadotropic eunuchoidism. Histologically, the ovaries were found to have numerous primordial follicles, some with further development. When the 10 patients were treated with HMG and HCG, four experienced periods, two noted spotting and the other four did not respond to treatment.


Benzeneselenenyl chloride and aluminum chloride or benzenesulphenyl chloride and silica gel initiate an electrophilic cyclization of methyl 7-methyl-3-oxo-7-octenoate to cyclohexyl derivatives. These products of the cyclization reaction have been converted into intermediates of potential use in the synthesis of unusual carotenoids.


Purpose

Paroxysmal non-kinesigenic dyskinesia (PNKD) is a rare autosomal dominant movement disorder characterized by spontaneous attacks. The purpose of this study was to find and analyze the differentially expressed proteins between PNKD patients and their healthy family members with matched age and gender, thus providing potential biomarkers for early diagnosis of patients with PNKD.

Methods

Four PNKD patients and four healthy family members were selected. Isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) coupled with LC-MS/MS were used to identify the differential proteins obtained from CSF and plasma of PNDK patients and healthy family members. Bioinformatic analyses of differential proteins were performed included Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment, pathway enrichment and protein-protein interaction network analysis.

Results

A total of 1242 and 512 unique proteins were identified in CSF and plasma respectively. The numbers of proteins that were differentially expressed between PNKD patients and their healthy family members were 42 in CSF and 57 in plasma respectively. Proteins that were differentially expressed were further analyzed based on bioinformatics. Two differentially expressed proteins in the CSF, CALML5 and PDGFA, and one in the plasma, ACTB, showed close links with the PNKD protein in the protein–protein interaction network.

Conclusion

CALML5 and PDGFA in the CSF and ACTB in the plasma may take part in PNKD pathogenesis and act as the potential biomarkers for PNKD diagnosis.


Objective: To compare the effect between the topic teaching and the traditional teaching,and to explore the feasibility of the topic teaching in the neurological course.Methods: The topic neurological teaching and the traditional neurological teaching were perfected in the clinical medicine class of 2004 and 2005.At the end of the course,the teaching effects were evaluated by the test scores and descriptive questionnaire respectively.Results: 1.The total score was not different obviously between the two groups,but the score of the case analysis in the topic teaching group was significantly higher than that in the traditional teaching group.2.91.8% of the students in the topic teaching group thought that teaching method helped them to be interested in learning neurology, only 58.5% of the students in the traditional teaching group thought so.And 92.3% of the students in the topic teaching group felt that teaching method trained their ability to clinical thinking,65.8% of the students in the traditional teaching group felt that.3.More than 90% of the students in the topic teaching group were cognitive clearly on the cerebrovascular disease,infectious diseases,muscle diseases,and course of cerebrovascular disease,seizure disorder,demyelinative diseases and infectious diseases were mastered significantly better than that in the traditional teaching group.Conclusion: The topic teaching is superior to the traditional teaching,which is worthy to apply in the neurological course.


A completely integrated Sample Analysis Method (SAM) has been tested as part of the Contaminant Analysis Automation program. The SAM system was tested for polychlorinated biphenyl samples using five Standard Laboratory Modules{trademark}: two Soxtec{trademark} modules, a high volume concentrator module, a generic materials handling module, and the gas chromatographic module. With over 300 samples completed within the first phase of the validation, recovery and precision data were comparable to manual methods. Based on experience derived from the first evaluation of the automated system, efforts are underway to improve sample recoveries and integrate a sample cleanup procedure. In addition, initial work in automating the extraction of semivolatile samples using this system will also be discussed.


Rule-Utilitarianism is the new form of utilitarianism,but we know little about it.This paper introduced four typical theories as Idealistic rule-utilitarianism,Actual-state rule-utilitarianism,Conditional rule-utilitarianism,and Variable-rate rule-utilitarianism.These theories are different mainly in the concept of moral rule.Some holds that moral rules should be strict,so that they are called strong form of rule-utilitarianism,while others called weak form or the middle-class form.This paper uses this difference to classify them,and then makes some comments on the four theories.


Stress corrosion cracking (SCC) behaviors of 316L austenitic stainless steel which had served at 650~720℃ for long time were studied by using U-bend samples in 0.38mol/L polythionic acid and 0.38mol/L polythionic +0.5mg/L sodium chloride solution at ambient temperature, respectively. Cracks and fracture morphology were observed and analyzed using optical microscope (OM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results showed that the 316L steel did not exhibit SCC in 0.38mol/l polythionic acid but showed cracking in 0 38mol/L polythionic + 0.5mg/L sodium chloride solution. The crack propagation pathes were both transgranular and intergranular. The destruction of passivation film formed on the surface due to chloride ions should be one of the main causes of stress corrosion crack initiation.


The Portuguese firms are mostly small or medium sized and do not have an R&D department and lack qualified personnel to develop it inside the enterprise. The business goals are often linked to what the owners desire for their firms and they usually consider innovation a very expensive and risky activity. The level of trust between economic actors is lower than most of the OECD countries which is responsible for many institutional, cultural and financial constraints that limit the entrepreneurial capacity to diversify. This helps to understand the small levels of international transfer of technologies and required patents to world Offices. Some studies show that the R&D efforts are not always directly related with economic performance, specially in less advanced regions. This work tries to investigate new indicators for the modes of learning in innovative firms of less advanced regions like Portugal and proposes a methodology to address a different approach from those that have been used for more advanced regions. The aspects related with behaviour, absorption of local sources of innovation and collaboration are some of the factors to have in mind when evaluating innovation in this new approach. The overall implication of the results is that no one existing index dominates in explaining how firms attempt to innovate. Instead, we require a richer conceptual perspective that combines diverse issues. Firms face strong obstacles that limit their abilities and propensity to innovate. At the same time, though, firms face strong competitive pressures to undertake innovating actions. Entrepreneurs need to develop new theories and methods concerning the intersection between these pressures.


Grover's disease (GD) manifests as papules, papulovesicles or small nodules, which are self-limiting, usually lasting up to several months. The histopathologic hallmark of GD is primary acantholysis frequently combined with dyskeratosis. GD has been associated with a variety of systemic and cutaneous diseases. However, association with other primary acantholytic disorders has been rarely documented. Herein, we describe the first case of GD in association with pemphigus vulgaris (PV).


Superconducting gravimeters provide much better performances than spring instruments. In particular, the iGrav superconducting gravimeter by GWR, more portable and easier to use than GWR Observatory Superconducting Gravimeters, features a sub-microGal precision, is practically drift-free (instrumental drift rate less than 0.5 microGal/month) and totally insensitive to local changes in ambient parameters. This instrument needs about 1kw of electricity to work, implying that it cannot be permanently installed in remote sites where mains electricity is not available. However, thanks to its stability and precision, the iGrav meter can supply important information about volcano-related processes, over period of minutes to years, even if it is installed relatively far from the active structures.


Based on field-programmable gate array (FPGA) resources, engineering implementation, and performance of wideband digital beam forming (WDBF), this paper has proposed a wideband beamforming method with appropriate subarray division, channel shift, and subarray delay. This method can significantly reduce resource consumption by integer and fractional delay at the sub-array level and phase shift at the channel level and is more suitable for large aperture wideband phased array radar. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, a large aperture phased radar is conducted. The experimental results show that the proposed method can achieve good beam synthesis performance and high resource utilization.


Reinforced concrete (RC) one-way ribbed slabs serve as a prevalent flooring solution in the Middle East. In this region, the occurrence of openings within these slabs is frequent, particularly when making modifications to existing buildings. However, these openings compromise the stiffness and load-bearing capacity of the slabs, necessitating strengthening measures. All of the available investigations were carried out on strengthening RC one- and two-way solid slabs with openings. However, a noticeable research gap exists, as none of these studies have delved into the strengthening of RC one-way ribbed slabs with openings. This gap was bridged in this study by conducting a comprehensive experimental inquiry into the effectiveness of utilizing fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) laminates to restore the flexural capacity of RC one-way ribbed slabs featuring flexure openings. The experimental program comprised four half-scale one-way ribbed slabs (having three ribs) divided into one unstrengthened specimen without openings to act as a reference, one unstrengthened specimen with a single opening located in the peak-moment region, and two FRP-strengthened slabs each having a single opening located in the peak-moment region. The dimensions of each slab were 2600 mm (length) × 825 mm (width) × 175 mm (thickness). The openings were square (side length = 400 mm), which included cutting the middle rib. The slabs were tested under four-point flexure until failure. It was revealed that strengthening slabs using FRP sheets fully restored the flexural capacity, which was even exceeded by up to 8%. However, the secant stiffness and dissipated energy were partially restored compared with the unstrengthened slab without opening, and these response parameters were reduced by up to 19% and 32%, respectively. Moreover, the displacement ductility for strengthened specimens was moderately reduced compared with the unstrengthened specimen without opening. Furthermore, an analytical procedure was suggested based on section analysis for quick and reasonable assessment of the peak load for both unstrengthened and strengthened one-way ribbed slabs with and without flexure openings.


Abstract People with disabilities and their representative organisations are recognised by the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction as key contributing stakeholders in disaster resilience-building at the community level. What might be the role and contribution of disabled people's organisations (DPOs) in realising the right of people with disabilities to be protected in disaster situations? This article reports findings from a research project utilising a multiple case-study research design to examine the implementation of three disability-inclusive disaster preparedness projects led by DPOs in Indonesia. Findings show that the DPOs successfully led disaster preparedness initiatives within their local communities and were instrumental in contributing to collective community-based disaster risk reduction efforts, despite structural barriers that constrained their efforts. The findings suggest pathways to more effectively advance disability-inclusive disaster risk reduction through DPO-led initiatives; giving due consideration to ensuring adequate DPO resources and capacities; and engagement with mainstream stakeholders.


Heterogeneous multi core architectures are considered as a prominent next generation processor. Cell B.E. (Broadband Engine) was originally designed for a processor suitable for streaming applications such as media processing, but it also can be applied to other high performance computing applications. In order to confirm the effectiveness of the Cell B.E. for other HPC applications, the parallel version of recurrence equation solver and SAXPY routine are implemented and evaluated on the system using the processor.By using the overlapping technique of the DMA processing and the computation, the performance of over 1400 MFLOPS can be achieved with the array size of 107 for the SAXPY routine. On the other hand, a recurrence equation is one of algorithms which cannot be parallelized straightforwardly. We implement it on the Cell B.E. by using the P-scheme algorithm and achieves the speedup of about 4 with 6 SPEs compared with the normal solver with using 1 PPE.


An analytical approach to size a dc-link capacitor for a three-phase current-controlled voltage-source inverter used for a permanent magnet synchronous motor is presented in this article considering the dc-link ripple voltage and capacitor ripple current. The analytical method derived in this article shows the variation of the dc-link voltage ripple with the change of the power factor and the modulation index. This analysis can be applied to determine the maximum possible ripple voltage for a given capacitor or the minimum capacitance needed to keep the voltage ripple under a limit. Then, current ripple analysis is used to determine the root-mean-square capacitor ripple current taking account of the thermal duty cycles of the application. Finally, capacitor life estimation analysis is used using the operating condition, thermal duty cycle, and ripple current to determine the capacitor end life for a given application. The research presents a sequential process to select a dc-link capacitor accounting for the electrical and thermal requirement of the system. The analysis is verified by simulation and experimental results, where the effect of components' parasitic on the voltage and current ripple is presented.


The Mobile CS Principles (Mobile CSP) course is one of the NSF-supported, College Board-endorsed curricula for the new Computer Science Principles AP course. Since 2013, the Mobile CSP project has trained more than 700 teachers, and the course has been offered to more than 20,000 students throughout the United States. The organizing philosophy behind the Mobile CSP course is that student engagement in the classroom is the key to getting students, especially those traditionally underrepresented in CS, interested in pursuing further study and careers in CS. The main strategies used to engage Mobile CSP students are: (1) a focus on mobile computing throughout the course, taking advantage of current student interest in smartphones; (2) an emphasis on getting students building mobile apps from day one, by utilizing the highly accessible App Inventor programming language; and (3) an emphasis on building creative, 'socially useful' apps to get students thinking about ways that computing can help their communities. In this paper we present and summarize two years of data of various types (i.e., student surveys, teacher surveys, objective assessments, and anecdotal reports from students and teachers) to support the hypothesis that engagement of the sort practiced in the Mobile CSP course not only helps broaden participation in CS among hard-to-reach demographics, but also provides them with a solid grounding in computer science principles and practices.


In this paper, we propose a biologically inspired approach to overcome the challenges of searching instances from large video databases. Specifically, we train sparse filters in subspaces from unlabelled natural images, then yield image feature for new image instances through pre-learned filters. Therefore, no traditional "hand-designed" features (e.g. colour histograms, interest point descriptors) are required in our system. Experiments on a challenging large video database containing 20982 videos show our approach outperforms traditional approaches such as Bag-of-Words using SURF, or the combination of SIFT, SURF, RGB and texture features.


The Affordable Care Act has placed greater emphasis on the reduction of hospital readmission rates and administrators may pursue a community orientation strategy in an effort to respond to these re...


Commercial aluminum foil may contain a high concentration of uranium, up to 1.4 μg/g. Samples or sample tubes in contact with aluminum foil during neutron irradiation can be contaminated with recoil-implanted fission products of 235U from uranium in the foil. This can lead to errors in the determination of Zr, Mo, La, Ce, Nd in neutron activation analysis.


Green Chemistry is a kind of chemistry to prevent pollution in the beginning.More and more countries around the world tend to pay more attention to its development.The necessity of enhancing green chemistry education in chemistry teaching is discusses in the paper.The exploration into and practice of green chemistry teaching are also expounded,inculcating knowledge about green chemistry,and the need to help students establish the concepts of sustainable development and environmental protection.


An experimental investigation was carried out on the development of oscillatory laminar flow in curved tubes with a turn angle of 180 (i.e., U-shaped tubes) and curvature radius ratios Rc of 4 and 10. Experiments were conducted under Womersley numbers  of 18 to 30 and Dean numbers D of 150 and 300, giving  (2/D) above 0.655, for which the characteristics of the oscillatory flow in the fully developed region of the curved tubes are roughly divisible into two. The secondary flow induced in the cross section was visualized by a solid tracer method with a stroboscopic light and was recorded photographically at several stations upstream and downstream from the entrance of the curved tube. The development of the secondary flow and transitions between the straight-tube and curved-tube oscillatory flows were systematically investigated in detail. Two pairs of vortices, the so-called Lyne circulation, for high  values appear even at the entrance. The classification of the secondary-flow pattern observed for the fully developed region is applicable to the region developing downstream from the entrance. Accompanying the secondary-flow development, in the straight section immediately before the entrance, a steady streaming occurs in the symmetrical horizontal plane. Furthermore, the steady streaming forms an elliptical trajectory with an increase in . Both the streamings generated in the oscillating boundary layer near the entrance show very complicated behaviors. .