The paper analyzes the problem of business information interchange in SCM. Then comes the shortcoming of business information interchange based on EDI. After that, it introduces the concept of RDF and its data model on which it establishes a model of information interchange in SCM based. At last it analyzes the problems of application in SCM.


Data mining is relatively new in data analysis. It is a process that is used to explore and analyze large quantities of data in order to discover meaningful patterns or rules by automatic or semi-automatic means. Currently information-rich sectors benefit from this and most significant and hence profitable applications are in marketing. Data mining is introduced in this article. Some important applications are discussed and common techniques described. A small application in agricultural research is illustrated and current status of data mining discussed.


Tobacco variety K326 were planted in pots under attenuated 25%,50% and 65% of solar UV-B radiation conditions,respectively in Tonghai,Yunnan of China,where is on the highest altitude in Yuxi tobacco cultivation region. The effects of UV-B radiation on soluble protein,potosynthetic pigment and flavonoid in tobacco leaves were studied in different K326 growth periods. The results showed that,soluble protein and potosynthetic pigment contents decreased along with leaf aging,flavonoid accumulated in old leaves. Protein was susceptible to UV-B radiation in physiological maturity period. Reduced UV-B radiation resulted in decrease of the flavonoid and protein contents,but result in increase of potosynthetic pigment content. Lower UV-B radiation led to decreases of the chlorophyll degradation rate. Therefore,it could be speculated that UV-B might be beneficial for protein accumulation in tobacco; and alteration of flavonoid and chlorophyll could be adaptable modifications in response to UV-B radiation. In addition,flavonoid might couple with soluble proteins in a certain extent.


This report from a community hospital compares the laboratory results with the clinical findings in 1,300 cord blood specimens tested because of potential Rh or ABO mother-child incompati bility, as determined before birth by blood typing of the parents.


Abstract Excavation of a Late Classic Maya platform at K'axob, Belize, has revealed a suite of pit features and associated artifacts that are strongly suggestive of pottery production. Interpretation of the features as remnants of pit kilns used to fire pottery is bolstered by comparanda from the Andean region. Archaeometric and experimental replication studies also support the interpretation of this locale as one of pottery fabrication. Findings discussed include features identified as kilns, raw material suitable for temper, lumps of fired clay, ground stone, and expedient clay-working tools made of recycled pottery sherds. This research contributes to knowledge of the organization of Maya pottery production by providing the most comprehensive information presented to date on the technology of ancient Maya pottery fabrication and firing.


Earnings Management is unavoidable and can be role of the auditors/ KAP as a gatekeeper capitak markets that can provide assurance on the quality of financial reporting of public cimpanies. The approved from the reset is to test influence from KAP big four, KAP Indrustries Specialisation, and willingness to report and accurated of the going concern audit opinion to earnings management from the banking companies registered on Bursa Effect Indonesia.
 The population in this reset is all of banking companies registered on Bursa Effect Indonesia during perioded 2011-2013. The methods sample taking using purposive sampling according to the criteria that have been determined. amount of samples that collected is 81 companies. Becouse of outliers data 6 companies, then sample to be 75 companies. Before testing the hypothesis done first classical assumtion test: normalitas test, multikolinearitas rest, autokorelation test and heteroskedastisitas test. Hypothesis testing in this reset using multiple regretion with significant model test (uji F), koefisien determination, and than parcial regretion (Uji t).
 Result from this reset showing determination coefition is getting value 0.116 that means 11.6% audit quality and going concern audit opinion and residual of the reset 88.4% appected by variables outside the model. Overall KAP Spesialis Industries no effect to earnings management, while KAP Big Four and willingness to report and accurated of the going concern audit opinion effect to earnings management.


In psychiatry, polygenic risk scores (PRSs) have recently been exploited to uncover the shared genetic components in distinct psychiatric disorders. Summary data of large-scale discovery genome-wide association studies (GWASs) on traits such as schizophrenia (SZ) are available. In addition, clinical deep phenotyping includes several correlated phenotypes for psychosocial functioning such as the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF). PANSS evaluates acute symptom severity, thus adjusting for this effect when measuring overall assessment and progression of patients with the GAF. A far-reaching understanding of the properties of PRS in such phenotypes is critical to interpreting such analyses, especially when the intermediate phenotype limits sample size. We conducted a simulation study to investigate the performance of PRS in the correlated target phenotypes using sample sizes n = 200, 500, and 1000 (100 replicates) in terms of explained variance in the simulated target phenotypes. We investigated performance of SZ-PRS in the PsyCourse study involving 653 patients (psychotic n = 387, affective
n = 266), in which SZ-PRS was derived from the results of a large GWAS of schizophrenia by the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium. Our simulation results reveal that decreasing correlation between target phenotypes indicates a definable decrease in shared genetic burden with the discovery phenotype. However, with a small sample size, there is already a loss in retrieved R2 with an identical generation model. Our PsyCourse results portrayed that for all patients and for psychotic subgroup, SZ-PRS explained 1% R2 for GAF


The aim of this study was to delineate the disability situation among Thai children aged 5 – 14 years by using secondary data from The 2002 Disability Survey conducted by the National Statistical Office of Thailand. Children with disability was defined as those who reported having difficulty in performing major activity considered normal for this age group, schooling, because of chronic condition or impairment which has lasted for 6 months or over. The result revealed that 4.4 percent of children in this age group have difficulty in schooling. Boys had more difficulty than girls (4.7% compared to 4.0%). The majority of children with disability have only one type of disability. Intellectual disability was the most prevalence among school- age children followed by communication disability (1.37% and 1.32% respectively). Prevalence of disability in this study was higher than other studied due to difference in concept used to define population with disability. The limitation of this study was attributed to unavailable of data concerning other kinds of problem and severity of the difficulty.


The purpose of the study is to find out the attitude of students towards Games and Sports. Games and Sports contribute towards social, mental, emotional and intellectual development. Vigorous activity is basically meant for increasing the efficiency of the body and human being need to be fit efficiently throughout their lives. To take part in games and sports activities one can develop his health definitely. A healthy society needs the healthy individual. The aim of the present investigation is to study the attitude of the students of Higher Secondary Level of Manipur towards Games and Sports. In other words the main goal of this research is to ascertain the role of the favourable attitude towards Games and Sports. The parents of the students of Higher Secondary School Level of Manipur had progressive nature about games and sports. These progressive natures were very helpful to develop the favourable attitude of their children towards games and sports. The above finding of the study clearly indicates that the Higher Secondary School level students of Manipur had favourable attitude towards games and sports. Overall apart from the above finding, the study found that the Higher Secondary School level students of Manipur are keenly interested in games and sports.


The paper dwells on the features of accounting policy formation of small businesses. The author discussed in detail the accounting treatment and reporting of small businesses.


Many parameters influence the SAR measurement such as frequency, distance from source and ect. In this paper the effect of metallic material is evaluated. The human hand once alone and once with a metallic watch include iron and gold and titanium is simulated. The simulations are done at 900MHz frequency and with HFSS software.


In [10,11] the concept of modules satisfying dccr was introduced and developed. In this note the prime (resp. weakly prime) submodules of this class of modules is characterized. Furthermore, we prove that for a weak multiplication module which satisfies dccr, the sets of maximal and prime submodule are the same and all maximal submodules are of the form mM(� M) where m is a maximal ideal of R.


Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Tomography is a multi-temporal technique which can reconstruct the 3D profile of a scene. One of its main features consists in the ability to detect the presence of multiple Persistent Scatterers (PS) within the same resolution cell. This paper aims to investigate the super-resolution capabilities of SAR Tomography, by detecting targets situated at a distance which is close to Rayleigh resolution. Elevation positions of scatterers are determined with Capon estimation, which is characterized by higher side-lobs reduction. An adapted form of multi-looking is proposed for extraction of targets contribution from reconstructed reflectivity functions and for estimation of reflectivity power textures. An algorithm for detection of dominant and secondary PSs will be conducted based on the derived reflectivity estimates, trying to preserve the advantages of Capon filtering used for reflectivity reconstruction.


The South African government called an abrupt halt to a pilot project that was testing short-course Zidovudine (AZT) prophylaxis treatment designed to prevent mother-to-child HIV transmission. Health Minister Nkosazana Zuma says the $14 million needed for the program would be more effective if spent on prevention programs. However, studies have shown that AZT treatment, along with breast-milk substitutes, and HIV testing and counseling are cost effective and can prevent HIV transmission. There has not been an outcry among patients, as many of them have not publicly disclosed their HIV status and therefore are reluctant to express their anger.


The dipolar correlation factor g, the electrostatic field E, the dipole moment μ, and the Coulombic interaction energy U of water molecules in clathrate hydrates of structure I and structure II have been calculated from the molecular data for their crystal structures in space groups Pm3n and Fd3m, respectively. For dendritic probabilities of orientation of water molecules in fully proton‐disordered structures, the values of g are 2.876 and 2.899, of E are 0.2861 and 0.262 Mesu cm−2, of μ are 2.4133 and 2.4135 D, and of U are −7.99 and −7.93 kJ/mole H bond. The dipole moment of H2O is increased by nearly 30% over its vapor phase value. The dielectric permittivity of the two clathrate hydrates calculated from the above values of g and μ are significantly higher than those measured. The values of g, μ, E, and U are somewhat lower than in ice Ih and Ic. The results are discussed in terms of the lack of complete disorder of proton positions in the two structures of clathrate hydrates.


Background and Purpose: Carotid dissection is a recognized cause of stroke. An association has been reported between carotid dissection and elevated homocysteine levels. Homocysteine levels are partly determined by a thermolibile form of methyltetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) which has a common C677T single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). We sought to undertake a comprehensive genetic meta-analysis of this SNP and its association with carotid dissection. Methods: All case-control studies evaluating MTHFR/C677T in carotid dissection were identified. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using both fixed and random effects were determined for both dominant and recessive genetic models. Analyses were also undertaken to compare the effects of the homogenous forms of MTHFR/C677T. Results: Four manuscripts analyzing a total of 420 individuals (183 cases and 237 controls) were identified. The pooled OR for the dominant MTHFR/T677 model was 1.36 (95% CI 0.89–2.08; p = 0.16) while the pooled OR for the recessive TT model was 1.07 (95% CI 0.61–1.89; p = 0.81). To ensure a subtle recessive effect was not being masked by the inclusion of the heterozygous genotype, comparison of the CC and TT genotypes in cases against controls was undertaken but no significant association was observed (OR 0.73; 95% CI 0.38–1.40; p = 0.34). Conclusions: Our data does not support an association between the MTHFR/C677T molecular variant and carotid dissection. As this SNP accounts for the majority of the genetic variance of homocysteine levels, our data suggests that homocysteine is unlikely to play a major role in this condition.


in september 2011, the Global Competitiveness Report (GCR) 2011–2012 came out. This year's report findings show that Northern and Western European union countries dominate the top 10 with sweden (3rd), Finland (4th), Germany (6th), the Netherlands (7th), denmark (8th) and the united Kingdom (10th). singapore has overtaken sweden for the second position. switzerland retains its first place position, just like last year. according to the Gcr, this is a result of its notable strengths, like innovation, technological readiness, and ... labour market efficiency. The ranking of countries is, as is well-known, influenced by how efficient labour markets and labour regulations are being perceived. in the same month, the commission presented six legislative proposals on economic governance (the so-called six-pack). broader and enhanced surveillance of fiscal policies, but also macroeconomic policies and structural reforms were proposed. New enforcement mechanisms have been foreseen for non-compliant euro area member states. it aims to ensure that the next European semester of economic policy coordination receives more solid legal basis. as is well-known, the 'European semester' is a form of coordination at European level when member states prepare their national budgets and reform plans.1 This implies early guidance at the beginning of each year from the European council on member states' economic policies. The 'economic assessment' also concerns 'social' reform. These will take into account the Europe 2020 strategies, and therefore include, according to recent council conclusions, priorities such as: making work more attractive; helping the unemployed get back to work; promoting social inclusion; investing in training; balancing security and flexibility; reforming pension systems.2 in our former editorial, the potential influence of economic governance systems, institutional supervision and ratings has been indicated. rating offices remain important players for political decision makers. but in this context, the question remains who will control the ratings provided by markets or financial institutions? Would politics not need to catch up with markets?3 political legitimacy and a role for European and social governance is, arguably, needed in a European political context. since fundamental rights and values also play such political role, an economic and monetary European zone should be accommodated and consistent with the social aspirations and values


The vestibular pathology of a perilymph fistula produced either by injecting an artificial perilymph into the subarachnoid space or by suctioning the perilymph through the round window was studied in animal models. Vestibular changes observed were the collapse of the otolithic organs or the semicircular ducts, which were demonstrated by computer graphics from serially sectioned specimens. Collapse of the utricular wall was common. In some animals, part of the utricular wall collapsed onto the otolithic membrane of the parts interna. When changes were severe, the whole macula utriculi was covered by the collapsed wall. The trabecular mesh was torn in the utricle and semicircular canals. Collapse was irreversible. However, no otolithic membrane, sensory epithelium or nerve fibers were involved. Collapse of the ampullary wall, saccule and cochlea were also evident. The mechanism of the collapse is explained by the finding of the rupture of the Reissner's membrane. Withdrawal of the endolymph from the cochlea possibly caused the collapse of the vestibular membranous labyrinth. The sensory cells of the macula utriculi being stimulated by the collapsed utricular wall onto the otolithic membrane could explain the persistent dizziness of patients with preilymph fistula.


This article attempts to provide insight into the challenging and changing religious context for cross-cultural ministry in France in the 21st century. Many of these challenges exist due to the religious history of France, the marginalization of religion, and the unwelcome presence of foreign missionaries in secular France. French laïcité presents a specificity in origin, definition, and evolution which arises from a unique historical context leading to the Law of Separation of Churches and state in 1905. The law abrogated the 1801 Napoleonic Concordat with the Vatican, disestablished the Roman Catholic Church, ended centuries of religious turmoil, declared state neutrality in religious matters, and continues as a subject of debate and dissension 100 years later with the emergence of Islam as the second largest religion in France. Cross-cultural workers enter a ministry context where religion has been progressively removed from public space.


A lot of post-operative blood loss is usually associated with total knee arthroplasty .However, intra operative blood loss is minimal. Our study aims to evaluate the efficacy of tranexamic acid in reducing the blood loss.We conducted a randomised double blinded placebo study involving 36 patients (18 subjects and 18 control).Patients were administered either tranexamic acid or normal saline 30 minutes prior to the surgery and then 8 th hourly for 3 days. Blood loss and blood units given before after the procedure was noted. Coagulation profile was noted. D Dimer values were also noted to evaluate fibrinolysis.The blood loss in patients who were administered Tranexamic acid was 635 ml and the placebo had 1325 ml with 24 hours after the surgical procedure.11 patients in the control received 1 -4 units of packed cells and 3 patients in the other group. The packed cell volume in the patients who received tranexamic acid was higher though they received lesser blood transfusion. Plasminogen was decreased in the same group. All the other parameters such as bleeding time, Fibrinogen degradation product, platelet count, Prothrombin time, apTT were the same in both the groups. However d dimer concentrations were increased in the control group. There was no thrombo embolic complications in the tranexamic acid group compared to 3 patients in the control group.


We present a simple on-chip electronic thermometer with the potential to operate down to 1 mK. It is based on transport through a single normal-metal - superconductor tunnel junction with rapidly widening leads. The current through the junction is determined by the temperature of the normal electrode that is efficiently thermalized to the phonon bath, and it is virtually insensitive to the temperature of the superconductor, even when the latter is relatively far from equilibrium. We demonstrate here the operation of the device down to 7 mK and present a systematic thermal analysis.


Through the establishment of the panel data of Italy's 20 regions from 1990 to 2005, we introduce corruption factor into simultaneous model of economic growth and environmental pollution, and appropriately choose instrumental variables to deal with endogenous, using 2SLS method, we study the effects of corruption on pollution mainly through two channels: (a) Direct effects that reduce the effects, planning and implementation of environmental laws; (b) indirect effects by reducing the impact of per capita income that have influences on pollution emissions. We find that, in general, pollution and corruption was monotonically increasing. The specific impact of indirect effects on the overall outcome is uncertain, depending on income levels. However, even if the corruption reduces pollution emissions through income, the direct effect is always dominant.


Intersphincteric resection can provide tumour‐free margins for rectal tumours located 0–1 cm above the dentate line. However, the internal anal sphincter (IAS) is partially or totally resected and some degree of anal incontinence may develop. A novel technique of smooth muscle plasty of the IAS and colonic pouch construction is described, along with an assessment of morbidity, oncological results and functional outcome.


The design concept of the traditional brand design and consumer attitudes,brand media development and changes,and discusses the changes in the brand-consumer groups,and then were analyzed and summarized in the concept of modern brand-consumer.Brand development of media and consumer demand changes,to promote the brand design requires digital design.Digital design for the promotion of brand design "three" positive impact,and the use of digital technology has a certain positive role in promoting the evolution of the brand design.


The present study was to investigate the effect of Pinellia Ageratum Decoction on vomiting induced by cisplatin in rats and its mechanism. The experiment was divided into blank control group, cisplatin model group, ondansetron hydrochloride group, Major Pinellia Decoction group and Pinellia Ageratum Decoction group. The vomiting model was established by intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin in rats. At the end of the experiment, the amount of kaolin consumption, food intake, gastric residual rate, gastric binding mucus volume and small intestinal propulsion rate were observed and measured. Serum 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and dopamine levels were detected by ELISA. The results demonstrated that compared with the blank group, the amount of kaolin consumption in the model group increased significantly and the food intake decreased significantly. Compared with the model group, the amount of kaolin consumption in pinellia ageratum decoction group decreased significantly, the food intake increased significantly, the amount of gastric-binding mucus increased significantly, the rate of small intestinal propulsion increased significantly, and the differences were significant (P < 0.05), level of 5-HT decreased slightly, there was no significant difference, the level of dopamine decreased significantly, and the difference was significant (P < 0.05) pinellia ageratum decoction group has a therapeutic effect on cisplatin-induced vomiting in rats, and its mechanism may be related to its reduction of dopamine levels in rats.


Criminology gained prominence as an academic area of study because of the constant threat of crime and the social problems it highlights. Nonetheless, much doubt and criticism exists among professionals within social and human sciences regarding the role, application, value and contributions of criminologists. Criminology is informed by a combination of theory and empirical research enfolded into a body of knowledge on crime as a social phenomenon. In South Africa, criminologists have acquired a more practically oriented role in enhancing service delivery within the criminal justice and private sectors. This article aims to highlight the current (and potential) shift in practice for criminologists in South Africa.


EuTiO3 (ETO) is a unique magnetic semiconductor with a large localized magnetic moment of Eu2+ (4 f 7). By the doping of high-mobility electrons in the Ti 3 d conduction band, peculiar magnetotransport properties such as the unconventional anomalous Hall effect (AHE) due to Berry curvature in momentum space, as well as the Shubnikov–de Haas oscillations of spin polarized electrons, have been observed. In this study, we have examined the physical properties of high quality ETO films with La3+ (4 f0) or Gd3+ (4 f7) donors (ELTO or EGTO) grown on nearly lattice matched SrTiO3 substrates with a gas source molecular beam epitaxy. We find that the anti-ferromagnetic ordering of ELTO is destabilized by the vacancy of the magnetic moment on the La-site for ELTO. The maximum electron mobility for ELTO (<3200 cm2 V−1 s−1) is larger than that of EGTO (<1500 cm2 V−1 s−1), keeping the metallic state at very diluted doping. The AHE changes its sign with shifting the Fermi level position across the Weyl nodes, as seen previously for compressively strained ELTO films, but the critical electron density is much lower, which can be explained by the absence of additional crystal-field splitting in the lattice matched system. These unveiled transport properties provide deeper understanding of the transport phenomena related to the topology of the band structure in high-mobility, magnetic oxide semiconductors.


Open-source 3D printer has been one of the popular choices in fabricating 3D models. This technology is easily accessible and low in cost. However, several studies have been made to improve the performance of this low-cost technology in term of the accuracy of the parts finish. This study is focusing on the selection of slicer mode between CuraEngine and Slic3r. The effect on this slicer has been observe in terms of accuracy and surface visualization. The result shows that if the accuracy is the top priority, CuraEngine is the better option to use as contribute more accuracy as well as less filament is needed compared to the Slice3r. Slice3r may be very useful for complicated parts such as hanging structure due to excessive material which act as support material. The study provides basic platform for the user to have an idea which option to be used in fabricating 3D model.


Abstract The reaction of Et3Al/CH2I2 reagent with cyclopropanated spiro[2.4]hepta-4,6-diene and 6-substituted fulvenes in CH2Cl2 was found to lead to the selective formation of rearrangement products through sequential cyclopropyl-allyl rearrangement and cyclopropanation. Graphical Abstrat


The construction industry is the main accelerator of the country's economy. Therefore, research studies on the impact of economic influences on the construction industry are vast. However, finding the main macroeconomic factors is limited in the Albanian industry (Puci et al., 2022). To fill the research gap, this paper aims to identify the macroeconomic variables that influence the sector of construction through an empirical investigation. To achieve this objective, an empirical study is done where the data set is defined as panel data. The model includes four independent variables: gross domestic product (GDP) growth, inflation rate, exchange rate, and interest rate; whereas the dependent variable is represented by return on assets (ROA) for 36 audited companies from 2010–2020, making a total of 396 observations. Multiple regression through EVIEWS 10 software is used to identify any potential relationship among them. The results of this paper indicate that all the variables were statistically significant; GDP growth and interest rate were proved to positively impact the profitability of companies operating in the construction sector; whereas the two other variables such as inflation rate and exchange rate negatively impact ROA for the period examined. Lastly, the paper emphasizes the role of the government as an investment-led industry; for the nation's prosperity construction sector is ultimate. Considering the role of construction in the development of Albania, it is necessary for the government to pay adequate attention to this sector.


In August 1991, Barnardos, one of the UK's oldest and biggest children's charities, set up the Positive Options program. Positive Options provides parents with HIV infection a child care officer to help plan for the long-term care of their children. The stigma of AIDS and the fear of rejection makes it difficult for parents to explore having a relative care for their children when they die. Many HIV-infected parents do not reveal their HIV status to their families. They often fear talking to them about caring for their children because of the financial implications of caring for extra dependents. One of the first tasks of Positive Options is addressing these inhibitions. Fostering and adoption are other child care options. One option is for the HIV-infected parent(s) to meet and to become familiar with the family who would adopt an AIDS orphan. This situation allows the adopting family who met and got to know the parent and cares for the children to help the children through the bereavement process. Positive Options child care officers encourage HIV-infected parents to provide a personal record of their lives and of their times with their children (e.g., video recordings, photo albums) to prepare their children for bereavement. The officers work to make parents aware of the needs of their children. For example, children tend to want to know about themselves and about their family history. The recording of the lives of the parents and of the times with their children is painful; Positive Options allows parents to go through the process at their own pace.


Numerous American national committees have recommended the replacement of traditional labs with a more engaging curriculum that inspires inquiry and enhances scientific skills (examples include the President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology (PCAST)'s Engage to Excel program and American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) Vision and Change, among others), due to a large body of evidence that shows significant enhancements in student learning and affective outcomes. The implementation of Course-Based Undergraduate Research Experiences (CUREs) is a creative way to scale up the deployment of authentic research experiences to students. Another highly regarded high-impact practice in postsecondary education is the addition of learning communities. The integration of a three-course learning community and authentic research experiences to laboratory courses adds both a community of scholarship and a development of scientific communication and process skills. This study describes a course that blends these two high-impact practices in higher education in order to promote greater post-course gains in essential elements of a CURE curriculum. This collaborative course shows large post-course gains in essential elements, such as scientific communication and working collaboratively.


This paper examines the summer (DJF) and winter (JJA) equilibrium response of the climate system to an instantaneous doubling of CO2 using the T31 GENESIS general circulation model (GCM) (version 2.0.a). The results are analysed over southern Africa and the adjacent oceans (90i?½S to 0i?½; 70i?½W to 110i?½E) in order to evaluate the control simulation and determine the large-scale response to the CO2 forcing. The GCM has been shown to perform well under present-day conditions, perhaps with the exception of precipitation, which is overestimated in the model. In response to the doubling of CO2, there is a general increase in surface temperatures over the analysis window, with an increase of between 2i?½ and 3i?½C over South Africa and the temperature differential between high and low latitudes is reduced during both seasons. There are increases in sea-level pressures and 500 hPa heights south of Africa in the mid-latitudes during summer and winter in the 2 x CO2 simulation, which is indicative of a weakening of the westerly circulation in this region. For winter, there is a reduction in the speed of the 500 hPa winds south of South whereas in summer there is a weakening of the subtropical jet stream and an increase in strength the subpolar jet stream. Specific humidities increase in response to the increase in CO2 during both seasons, as do the 700 hPa moisture fluxes. For winter; there is greater transport of moisture from over the Atlantic Ocean towards southern Africa in the 2 x CO2 simulation compared with the control. Mid-latitude cyclone densities are generally found to decrease in the mid-latitudes and increase in a narrow band surrounding the Antarctic continent for both seasons in the 2 x CO2 simulation. This has been related to changes in surface temperatures and positioning of the sea-ice margin.


Equipment for determination of surface tension (ST) which is the response value often used during biosurfactant optimization are not readily available in many laboratories. Foaming capacity (FC) was thus investigated as response value during biosurfactant optimization. Thirteen variations of glycerol-mineral salts medium were used to culture Pseudomonas sp. for biosurfactant production and optimization. Variations in the medium were based on pH, carbon-nitrogen (C-N) and carbon-phosphorus (C-P) ratio. Inoculated media were incubated at ambient temperature with orbital shaking at 150 rpm for four days. FC of the media were then determined and fitted using a polynomial model so as to obtain a prediction profile. The prediction profile was used to determine the combination of C-N ratio, C-P ratio, and pH that will lead to the highest FC. This combination was used in another experimental run for biosurfactant production, and at the end the culture was screened for biosurfactant activity. The results obtained showed that foaming was achieved in selected experimental runs, and the model for the prediction profile was worked out to be Y = -513.03 + 103.3804 X1 + 2.1211 X2 + 16.2848 X3 – 0.1108X1X2 – 0.3656 X1X3 – 0.0339X2X3 – 6.1730 X12 – 0.0099 X22 – 0.4432 X32. From the prediction profiles it was seen that the highest FC (32.04%) was achievable at combination of pH 7.0, C-N 40, and C-P 13. Biosurfactant activity of the culture with optimized combination showed that ST reduced from 56.43 to 35.28 mN.m-1. It is concluded that FC can be used in place of ST during biosurfactant optimization procedures.


Vectors for transforming plants with the use of agrobacteria which have been modified so as to elevate the possibility of the recognition of the border sequences of the vectors by vir proteins of the agrobacteria, thereby lowering the possibility of the transfer of DNAs other than T-DNA into plant chromosomes. More particularly, the above-vectors are those to be used in transforming plants which have right and left border sequences which can be recognized by the vir proteins of the agrobacteria, a T-DNA sequence which is located between these border sequences and into which a gene to be transferred into plants can be inserted, and a replication origin enabling the replication of the vectors in bacteria, characterized by having a plural number of left border sequences.


Apnea of infancy may be caused by gastro-esophageal reflux (GER). We tested the hypothesis that GER may similarly account for cases of persistence after term, of apnea of prematurity (AOP), which usually ceases before. 20 prematurely born infants (CA 31.6±2.8 wks) were selected because they still had apneas of duration ≥ 10s, or regurgitations, at 38.9±1.7 wks of post conceptional age (mean ± SD). GER was identified using esophageal pH monitoring. Recordings of chest and abdominal movements and of nasal airflow enabled apneas to be classified as central (CA), obstructive and mixed (OMA). Wakefulness (W), active sleep (AS) and quiet sleep (QS) were identified using EEG and assessment of eye movements.Results GER occured in the 20 subjects, in W and AS more frequently (p<0.02) than in QS (n of events : 2.77±1.97;2.79±1.99 and 1.46±2.01 per 100 min). OMA (n=113) were predominant. They occured more in AS than in QS (p<0.01). OMA did not occur more during than without GER ; and their number was not correlated with that of GER or with its duration.Conclusion In prematurely born infants with persisting AOP, GER occurs frequently in wakefulness and in AS. Usually, it is not the direct cause of apneas.


A comparison of three heretofore undescribed species with the previously known species inTigridia subgen.Hydrotaenia suggests a realignment of taxa within the various complexes inHydrotaenia. Three species,T. venusta, T. illecebrosa, andT. catarinensis, and two subspecies,T. hallbergii ssp.lloydii andT. ehrenbergii ssp.flaviglandifera, are described.Sessilanthera citrina is described and the new taxonomic combinationS. heliantha (Ravenna) Cruden is proposed.


The holographic dual of a finite-temperature gauge theory with a small number of flavours typically contains D-brane probes in a black hole background. We have recently shown that these systems undergo a first order phase transition characterised by a `melting' of the mesons. Here we extend our analysis of the thermodynamics of these systems by computing their free energy, entropy and energy densities, as well as the speed of sound. We also compute the meson spectrum for brane embeddings outside the horizon and find that tachyonic modes appear where this phase is expected to be unstable from thermodynamic considerations.


Objective To explore the teaching reform of authentication experimental on microbiology and parasitology.Methods The contents of authentication experiments of microbiology and parasitology were reduced or recombined.The integrating and application experimental contents were increased. Results The the integrating and application experiments were constructed on a new practice teaching system,combining the experimental contents of two courses. ConclusionThis education reformation will be conducive to improve the ability of using integrated knowledge and explore a better practice teaching model on the fusing of multidisciplinary knowledge.


The ring-opened metathesis copolymerization of cyclopentene with cyclooctene by an electrochemically generated WCl6-based catalyst has been prepared and 13C NMR spectroscopy used to analyse in detail the nature of the homo- and hetero-dyad units. This copolymer was characterized by gel-permeation chromatography (Mn = 12 900, PDI= 2.2) and differential scanning calorimetry analysis. The glass-transition temperature Tg of the copolymer was −18.7 °C. Homopolymerization of cyclopentene is also reported to compare with copolymers produced in this work. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Routing is one of the fundamental concerns in any communication network. Over the last two decades, a significant amount of attention has been given to the design of terrestrial routing protocols. However, the distinctive properties of the underwater communication channel - such as distance-dependent bandwidth, large propagation delay and time-varying mulitpath - render the existing terrestrial routing protocols implausible for underwater networks. In this paper we explore the challenges in developing a suitable routing protocol for underwater networks. We also look at existing routing protocols designed for both terrestrial and underwater networks, identify their shortcomings and finally lay out some guidelines for the design of routing protocols suitable for next generation underwater networks/applications.


The article discusses new aspects of the twentieth-century's art communication. The main conclusion of it is that the aesthetics communication transforms towards spectator's physical interaction with an object, participating in the artistic action.


The objective of the present paper is to develop a modified strain gradient beam constraint model (MSGBCM) to improve the modeling accuracy of small‐scale compliant mechanisms. First, a simple nano/micro flexure beam under the effect of end loads is considered. The virtual work principle is employed to formulate the nonlinear load–displacement behavior of the system, based on the modified strain gradient theory. It is observed that as the size of the structure becomes smaller, the elements of the elastic stiffness and load stiffening matrices severely deviate from their corresponding values in the beam constraint model (BCM). A closed‐form nonlinear strain energy expression is also derived for nano/micro flexure beams in terms of their tip displacements. This energy expression is utilized to model the nonlinear load–displacement relationships of small‐scale parallelogram (P) flexures. Moreover, analytical formulas are derived for the axial, transverse, and rotational stiffness values of P‐flexures. The most important observation is that in the small‐scale P‐flexures, the axial stiffness loss of small‐scale P‐flexures resulted from the movement of the stage in the transverse direction, may be seriously overestimated by BCM. The developed MSGBCM can be easily extended for investigating the static and dynamic behavior of more complicated micron and submicron size flexures.


Although teratology and developmental toxicology had their experimental beginnings in the early part of this century, the potential for human developmental toxicity due to chemical exposure was not generally recognized until the thalidomide tragedy of the early 1960s.' Furthermore, the fact that exposure to chemicals during development might have subtle and long-lasting postnatal consequences in humans was not generally recognized until the late 1960s and early 1970s.' Thus, the last 20 years have seen a remarkable increase in the number of reports of chemical effects on development, particularly on the function of the neonate and young child, reflecting in part the heightened awareness by researchers of the potential for such effects. A number of agents have been reported to have adverse consequences on the neonate and on later development in both humans and animals. At present, a t least nine of these agents have sufficient evidence to confirm that they can cause developmental neurotoxic effects in humans.' Of these, several are substances of abuse (heroin, methadone, alcohol, cocaine). At least one therapeutic agent (diphenylhydantoin) and one physical agent (x-irradiation) are also documented human developmental neurotoxicants. In addition, there are three environmental chemicals (lead, methylmercury and polychlorinated biphenyls) for which evidence is sufficient to indicate the unique susceptibility of the developing organism to the developmental neurotoxic effects of these agents. Thus, a variety of agents are capable of affecting the unborn child and neonate in devastating and often irreversible ways. When one evaluates the available data on the developmental toxicity of chemicals, the types of evidence required to indicate that an agent is a developmental toxicant are similar, whether the agent is a therapeutic agent, an abused substance or a physical or environmental agent.' The data available are usually most extensive for therapeutic agents or environmental chemicals for which standard testing is required prior to marketing or release into the environment. In fact, testing of certain chemicals specifically for developmental neurotoxicity has recently been added to the overall developmental toxicity testing battery.' For substances of abuse, on the other hand, there is no standard testing (unless the drug is a therapeutic agent), and data may be sketchy


Objective:To investigate the indications,surgical techniques and efficacy of selective neck dissection(SND) for papillary thyroid cancer. Methods:The clinical data of 544 patients with early-and mid-stage papillary thyroid cancer(364 cases of stage I,89 cases of stage II and 91 cases of stage III) undergoing thyroidectomy plus SND were retrospectively analyzed. Results:Of the 544 patients,150 cases underwent central(level VI) neck dissection only and 325 cases(59.7%) of SND encompassed no more than three nodal levels.Operations of all the 544 patients were done through transverse neck incision.The overall positive lymph node rate was 67.4%(367/544) and separately,the positive rate of VI,IV,III,II and V level was 54.4%(296/544),44.2%(174/394),45.9%(181/394),34.2%(68/199) and 9.0%(6/65),respectively.The positive rate of level VI had no significant difference compared with than that of level IV,III or II(all P0.05).A single parathyroid gland that was resected by mistake was found in 39 cases(7.2%,39/544) of specimens,and 86 cases(15.8%,86/544) had transient hypocalcemia but no permanent hypocalcemia occurred.Twenty-six cases(4.8%,26/544) had transient vocal cord paralysis but no permanent one was noted.No enlarged cervical lymph node was detected by ultrasound in the 544 patients during the follow-up period of more than 6 months after surgery. Conclusion:It is reasonable to perform SND in patients with early-and mid-stage papillary thyroid cancer.Moreover,SND is a standardized and individualized procedure with a high clinical value.


Let A be the quotient of a graded polynomial ring Z Œx 1 ; : : : ; x m (cid:141) ˝ ƒŒy 1 ; : : : ; y n (cid:141) by an ideal generated by monomials with leading coefficients 1 . We construct a space X A such that A is isomorphic to H (cid:3) .X A / modulo torsion elements. 55N10; 13F55, 55P99, 55T20


Objective To study the diagnostic value of lucency shadow in pulmonary nodules.Methods 58 luncency shadows were classified into 4 types according to the different pattern,size and amount.The occurrence ratio of 4 types were analyzed in the benign and malignant pulmonary nodules.All cases were confirmed by surgical operation and pathology.Results There was no difference of duct lucency and sac lucency ratio between benign and malignant pulmonary nodules.The ratio of small sac lucency shadow and multi-sac lucency shadow was different between benign pulmonary nodules and malignant pulmonary nodules.The later was higher than the former (Ρ0.05).Conclusion Small sac lucency shadow and multi-sac lucency shadow in pulmonary nodules predict malignant nodule.


These projects for pleasure and practice teach new skills such as plastic-wrap stippling or how pigments react. The book encourages experimentation and learning by doing for artists at all levels.


Companies have begun to brand themselves as attractive employers to counter the increasing struggle of attracting valuable employees to their businesses. Although the perception of employer brands is dependent on workforces in the labor market and prone to be influenced by individual characteristics, current employer branding research provides almost no suggestions on how to acknowledge differences of potential employees in employer branding strategies. This thesis examines what role employee preference profiles play in employer branding by integrating insights from a mixed-methods approach. The findings of this thesis suggest that employee preference profiles based on demographic characteristics create different assessments on the importance of employment benefits and usefulness of communication channels. The thesis clarifies that these profiles can be used to create customized strategies for target populations with the aim of attracting a diverse, strategically flexible workforce needed in today's dynamic markets. Further, empirical research advances the understanding of employer branding as a strategy and includes findings on the use of social media for related endeavors. Implications of the findings are discussed regarding theory and practice, limitations noted, and future research directions suggested.


A field survey conducted for host plants and natural enemies of Aphis citricola van der Goot (Aphididae: Homoptera) from the north eastern and mid central regions of Orissa comprising of six districts, such as Keonjhar, Mayurbhanj, Balasore, Bhadrak, Angul and Dhenkanal revealed 37 species of host plants under 37 genera and 20 families as new records of A. citricola. Four species of coccinellids (Coccinella septempunctata, Menochilus sexmaculatus, Pseudaspidimerus circumflexus and Pullus pyrocheilus), one species of chamaemyiid (Leucopis sp.), two species of syrphids (Metasyrphus confrator and Paragus serratus) and one species of hemerobiid (Micromus timidus) were new records from the colonies of the aphid species.


Nitrogen and oxygen doped hollow carbon spheres (HCSs) have been prepared by pyrolysis of poly(o-phenylenediamine) (PoPD) submicrospheres, which were synthesized by a facile polymerization procedure with an environmental-friendly dopant glycine. Utilizing o-phenylenediamine (oPD) and glycine as the precursors, we are also motivated by the recognition that effective heteroatom doping increases the supercapacitor performance of carbon materials. The as-prepared N- and O- doped HCSs exhibit an enlarged specific surface area (∼355 m2 g−1) and pore volume (∼0.14 cm3 g−1), and they have superior performance in supercapacitors owing to the synergies gained from effective heteroatom doping, their hollow structures, and their good mesoporosity. The reasonable capacitance performance coupled with the facile synthesis procedure suggests supercapacitor applications.


Introduction: A fundamental question in planet formation is how mass and angular momentum are transported in protoplanetary disks to enable stellar accretion. This in turn has implications for a variety of other unsolved problems, including how chondrules form [12], planets accrete [1] and nebular reservoirs mix [3, 4]. It has long been suggested that turbulence played a central role in driving angular momentum transport throughout much of the disk [1]. However, purely hydrodynamic instabilities are not capable of generating sufficient turbulence to account for the observed accretion rates of sun-like young stellar objects of ~10-8 solar masses (Msun) per year [5-6]. A way to produce such accretion rates is to invoke magnetic fields generated in the solar nebula [5]. These fields would drive angular momentum and mass transport within the protoplanetary disk via the magnetorotational instability (MRI) and/or magnetocentrifugal winds (MCW) [5]. Assuming magnetic stresses are responsible for accretion, a relation between magnetic field strength and heliocentric distance can be predicted (Fig. 1) [5]. This relationship can be tested by measuring the paleointensity of the solar nebula field from laboratory studies of meteoritic chondrules from proposed formation distances [7]. Such data can also constrain potential chondrule forming processes, which make widely varying predictions for the intensity of the local magnetic field [7, 8]. Alternatively, if this relationship is independently validated, paleointensities can be used to determine the unknown formation region of meteoritic materials [7, 9]. A previous study of chondrules from the LL3.0 ordinary chondrite Semarkona inferred paleointensities of 54 ± 21 μT at a heliocentric distance of ~2-3 AU [7]. Such field intensities are consistent with chondrule formation by nebula shocks or planetesimals collisions (Fig. 1) [7]. Here, we describe new magnetic measurements of chondrules hypothesized to have formed in the outer solar system (beyond Jupiter). In particular, we measured isolated chondrules from CO carbonaceous chondrites, a group of meteorites thought to have formed in the outer solar system based on isotopic measurements [10, 11]. We focused on two CO chondrites, Allan Hills 77307 (ALHA 77307) and Dominion Range 08006 (DOM 08006). Samples and Methods: Sample selection criteria: These two meteorites were selected based on several criteria that favor their ability to have preserved a record of the solar nebula field. Specifically, these samples experienced minimum aqueous alteration and metamorphism (i.e., they are both type 3.0, with a post-accretion event dating 5 million years after the formation of Ca,Al-rich inclusions [12, 13]), they did not experience significant shock (i.e., both < 5 GPa [14]), and experienced minimum terrestrial weathering (ALHA 77307 and DOM 08006 have a weathering index of Ae and A/B, respectively). Magnetic carriers in chondrules: Ferromagnetic inclusions in chondrules record the magnetic fields present at the time of their cooling or crystallization. For this study, we have targeted chondrules containing dusty olivines. Dusty olivine contains Fe-metal exsolved from the parent Fe-bearing olivine under reducing conditions in the nebula. Previous studies have shown that dusty olivine is an excellent paleomagnetic recorder [7,15-17]. Identification of paleomagnetic targets: We prepared ~100 μm thick sections from the meteorites using a diamond wire saw. Following this, the sections were polished and observed under a petrological microscope to locate dusty olivine in the chondrules. Mutually-oriented chondrules were then extracted manually with non-magnetic tools for paleomagnetic measurements. Preliminary Results: In one thick section of ~25 Fig. 1. Black lines show the minimum values of the instantaneous field strength for MRI and MCW [5, 7]. Red point shows the field strength retrieved from the Semarkona study [7]. Purple line shows the proposed forming region of CO chondrites according to ref. [19]. Paleomagnetic measurements can help constrain the forming region of chondrules in the CO chondrites. minimum MRI


Modulo Variable Expansion (MVE) [1] used with software pipelining (SWP) may sacrifice the register optimality (MAXLIVE) and in general may lead to unnecessary spills or move operations negating the benefits of SWP. In contrast, bigger loop unrolling can be performed to meet the MAXLIVE registers requirement [2, 3]. However, the degree of unrolling should be minimised to control code size and hence I-cache performance. In our previous work, we designed a post-pass unrolling algorithm which minimises the unrolling degree while adjusting the length of reuse circuits through the usage of additional (free) registers [4]. In this paper, we complete our study with an improved algorithm for minimising kernel loop unrolling resulting from cyclic register allocation in the presence of multiple register types showing that considering all register types in conjunction provides a lower unrolling degree than considering each register type in isolation. In addition, we integrate our solution within a real world embedded system compiler: st200cc for the ST2xx family of VLIW embedded processors and compare it to MVE. Our large set of experiments on both high performance and embedded benchmarks (SPEC2000, SPEC2006, MEDIABENCH and FFMPEG) demonstrates the practical applicability and the benefits of our approach.


The impact of Haemoglobin, Transferrin and Carbonic Anhydrase polymorphisms on age based morphological characters was studied among Red Sokoto, Sahel and West Africa Dwarf breeds of goat. A total of 900 goats equally distributed across three age groups and both gender were used for the study. Morphometric parameters were: Body weight(BW) Horn Length (HL); Ear Length (EL); Shoulder width (SW); Neck circumference (NC); Body Length(BL); Withers Height (WH); Heart Girth (HG); Paunch Girth (PG) and Tail Length (TL) respectively. Effects of blood protein polymorphisms on morphometric measurements were observed to vary with age especially with haemoglobin and transferrin. Also carbonic anhydrase influenced body mensuration characteristics of goats aged 1-2 years in BW, HL, EL, NC, BL and TL and only TL in 2-3 years old. The FF form of carbonic anhydrase was superior for most indices. The other proteins were not definitive in their effect across age groups.Key words: Haemoglobin, Transferrin, Carbonic Anhydrase and morphometry, goat


We report the fabrication of rib waveguides in As-S(-Se) glasses by hot embossing. Optical losses between 0.24dB/cm in As24S38Se38and 0.5dB/cm in AssS3were obtained with nonlinear parameters as high as ?9W-1m-1.


The patient transfer has always been challenging, usually requiring a number of caregivers to perform this task together, which is time-consuming and can easily cause secondary injuries to the patient. In addition, when the world is in the distressing predicament of a global pandemic covid-19, the issue of patient transfer is even more critical, as caregivers are at a high risk of infection, causing significant damage to healthcare resources. The goal of using assistive devices is to minimize the risk of injury. A lifting device is an assistive device that allows patients in hospitals, nursing homes, and those receiving health care at home to be transferred between a bed and a wheelchair or other similar resting places using different lifting mechanisms. By choosing appropriate equipment and using it effectively, the risk of sustaining an injury is significantly reduced, and the quality of life for all concerned is often noticeably improved. This work aimed to propose a design of a lightweight, durable, and ergonomic assistive patient transfer device named "Patient Lifting Hoist" (PLH); it can assist caregivers in transferring patients, reduce direct contact between them, and avoid secondary musculoskeletal injuries for use in hospitals and homes. The authors concentrated on the partial elimination of manual lifting in order to device could work in two situations: with or without electricity. In the mechanical structure of this assistive device, a chain-drive mechanism and motorized jack lifting mechanism are proposed; they are the key points to the fundamental functional realization of the device and can reduce the cost of the prototype. Furthermore, the device can operate remotely, and a control strategy is applied to ensure the operation's stability and safety. Finally, some preliminary experiments are carried out to verify the device's reliability and lay the foundation for the clinical tests.

Key words: assistive, caregivers, device, injury, lifting, mechanism, transfer


This paper treats the subject of the persistence of excitation of the states of a convergent adaptive control scheme. Recent work has shown that a persistently exciting (or continually disturbed) set point sequence guarantees this property of the states but can degrade the controller's performance. The investigation here examines to what extent the system measurement noise can perform the function of exciting the states of the closed loop system.


In this paper, we evaluate the performance of a filter-bank multicarrier-quadrature amplitude modulation (FBMC-QAM) system with two prototype filters. We analyze the effective channel and derive the signal-to-interference ratio for additive white Gaussian noise channels and multipath fading channels. Based on the analysis, the characteristics of the effective channel according to various prototype filter sets and channel models are investigated. Utilizing the effective channels, we design two types of per-tone channel equalizers and evaluate the bit error rate performances by Monte Carlo simulations. The simulation results show that the FBMC-QAM system with two prototype filters can achieve almost the same bit error rate performance as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing with cyclic prefix by adopting the signal-level per-tone channel equalizer. Finally, the computational complexity of per-tone channel equalizers is analyzed.


The present study deals with the reproductive performance of leachate from Combined Effluent Treatment Plant CETP Pali, Rajasthan, India when administered to Swiss albino mice during two significant stages of reproductive cycle. An attempt has been made to compare the fetotoxic and embryotoxic effect of sludge leachate administered during two different stages of gestation like prior to and throughout gestation ,and organogenetic phase of reproductive cycle .The leachate which is obtained from CETP, Pali receiving effluent exclusively from textile and dyeing industries located at Pali , was diluted with water according to dose concentration of 1/100 and 1/10 respectively and then administered to Swiss albino mice along with control group receiving simple tap water in order to access the most vulnerable stage out of two. Research finding reveals that the treated sludge leachate from CETP, Pali at the tested dose levels produced maternal toxicity to certain extent at both phases. Fetotoxicity due to sludge leachate was evident by significant reduction in body weight gain, substantial loss of body fur and restlessness. Visceral malformation included abnormalities in eye (like anopthamia ,micropthalmia ),pulmonary edema, reduced gonadal size in dose related manner in both the groups Skeletal malformation included poor ossification of skull bones ,Sternal defects, rib anomalies in all the fetuses of higher dose group in both the phases. It was found that Phase II is much more sensitive to chemical insult


This article provides a methodology that teachers can use to incorporate themes and ideas related to local history in their classrooms. Using the city of New Brunswick, New Jersey as a case study, the article offers different approaches that allow local history to be connected to wider themes in American history. The focus here on a small, relatively anonymous city shows that history can be found in many places, and that one does not have to live in a famous or noteworthy place to find compelling historical resources. The article concludes with specific suggestions that teachers can use in their own classrooms. [Supplementary material is available for this article. Go to the publisher's online edition of The Social Studies for the following supplemental resource: Photographs 1–18, plus descriptive captions.]


The article is devoted to peculiarities of apposition usage in Bashlachyovs lyrics in the light of its mythopoetics. It reveals functions of separate and segregated appositions, develops predicativity degree of appositions and classifies complex appositions. The author concludes that apposition is one of the main expressive means of Bashlachyovs syntax, which represents undifferentiated worldview of mythological consciousness.


It has been almost a year since the AAP District Vice Chairperson's Committee selected five chapters to receive $20,000 each through the Healthy People 2010 Grant Program for Chapters to address children's mental health issues. Following is a summary of the chapters' progress.

The chapter's Mental


This study aimed to know (1) the use of audio visual to improve learning motivation and (2) learning achievement of motor fuel system among the eleventh grade students of vocational school Bina Mandiri Klampok Banjarnegara in academic year 2015/2016. The type of this study was a classroom action research. Data collection techniques used questionnaire to know learning motivation and test to know learning achievement of motor fuel system. The research instruments were questionnaire and test. Data analysis technique used qualitative analysis.  This study shows that (1) the use of audio visual could improve learning motivation among the eleventh grade students of vocational school Bina Mandiri Klampok Banjarnegara in academic year 2015/2016. The average percentage of learning motivation in cycle I was 70.03 in fair category at the interval between 65,85 <  ≤ 84,15. The average percentage of learning motivation in cycle II was 84.75 in fair category at the interval between 84,15 <  ≤ 102,45. The average percentage of learning motivation in cycle III was 100.34 in fair category at the interval between 65,85  <  ≤ 84,15.  (2) The use of audio visual could improve learning achievement of motor fuel system among the eleventh grade students of vocational school Bina Mandiri Klampok Banjarnegara in academic year 2015/2016. The average score of test in pre cycle was 61.29, cycle I was 71.39, cycle II was 76.59, and cycle III was 81.15.  Based on these results, it could be concluded that the use of audio visual could improve learning motivation and learning achievement of motor fuel system among the eleventh grade students of vocational school Bina Mandiri Klampok Banjarnegara in academic year 2015/2016


Radial Basis Function Networks (RBFNs) are used for contingency ranking of bulk power system. The motivation behind this work is to exploit the non-linear mapping capabilities of RBFN in estimating line loading and bus voltage of a bulk power system in stressed/abnormal condition. Unlike most of the available neural networks based techniques, the proposed method utilizes the potential of RBFN in planning studies. The performance of the RBFN is compared with a conventional Newton Raphson load flow method in terms of maximum load ability index (Smax) & reactive power performance index (PIv).


Multiple-group confirmatory factor analysis was used to investigate factorial invariance between vocational and academic teacher groups on a measure of the learning organization concept. Participants were 488 full-time teachers of public trade industry-technical and business schools located within Seoul, South Korea. Statistically significant differences in factor structure, factor loadings, and factor correlations were not detected across the two teacher groups. Findings provide strong evidence that the learning organization model can be operationalized and equally applied to different teacher groups in Korean vocational high schools. Today, all organizations need to deal with the challenges stemming from environmental changes and major problems that confront structures, systems, and cultures. School organizations are also undergoing "a period of intense transition and transformation as we enter the global market, with global information systems and an awareness of ecological interconnectedness of all natural systems" (Diggins, 1997, p. 418). The adoption of the learning organization approach represents a positive management strategy which schools can use to successfully navigate myriad change they confront (Duffy, 1997; Fullan, 1995; Weller & Weller, 1997). In school organizations, the decision to become a learning organization encompasses system changes including both "restructuring and reculturing" (Seller, 2001, p. 256). Weller and Weller (1997) argued that the school restructuring and reform movement, which originally started in the 1990s, has begun to reflect research findings from human resources and organizational theory, and that implementing the learning organization approach supports school efforts at achieving continuous improvement. Seller criticized existing educational research and practices because of the tendency to compartmentalize components of reform in order to control the scope. Duffy (1997) criticized major recommendations for school improvement (e.g., schools of choice, block scheduling, and teaching of ethics) because they did not consider the complexities of school systems represented by interwoven internal and external organizational environments. Fullan (1993) also argued that past school


The energy spectra of negative trions (X i = 2e+h) in one-sided doped GaAs quantum wells are calculated. The maps of the trion binding energy ¢ as a function of well width w, electron concentration n, and the magnetic fleld B are obtained. The dependence of the trion ground state (\bright singlet" versus \dark triplet") on those parameters is established.


Let F: X → Y be a multifunction from X to Y. Then, given measure-theoretic or topological structures on X and Y, it is possible in various ways to define the measurability of F. The selection problem is to determine which structures on X and Y and which definitions of measurability of F ensure that F will have a measurable selector. This problem has been studied recently in papers by Castaing (2) and Kuratowski and Ryll-Nardzewski (6). In the latter paper, the problem is studied for its own interest. The former uses solutions of the problem to obtain general Filippov-type theorems. (See, for example, the corollaries following Theorems 2 and 3 of Castaing's paper.) For other material on Filippov's results see, among others, (3; 4; 5; 7; 9).


The topic of this paper is to consider the possible impacts of the precautionary principle on international trade rules. In connection with questions pertaining to the legitimate place to give to collective preferences in trade agreements, it will begin by underlining the ambiguity of usages of the precautionary principle regarding the implementation of international coordination and the emergence of a global order. There is first an internal tension between the required sovereignty and legitimacy of institutions in charge of the prevention of collective risks and the need of international cooperation and coordination for supranational risks such as climate change and biodiversity loss. Beyond it can be expected that the coupling of environmental and trade issues under the precautionary principle will provoke a differentiation of rules of trades according to the reliance of information and guarantees on the environmental and social conditions of production all along the production chain. This process depends, as a cornerstone, of an extension of the concept of quality of goods relevant for public authorities and consumers. What is at stake is the whole set of technical guarantees and information that producers should bring to generate confidence and sustain trade relations.


Consumption of food supplements among physical educators from the city of Sao Paulo. To verify the consume of supplementary food among physical educators professionals, them indication source and satisfaction. This study was designed applying 76 tests in gymnasium of Sao Paulo city. The test had 14 questions about consume, indication and satisfaction of the supplementary food. The mayor part of the physical educators have high education level completed 43.9%, incomplete 33.3% and post grated 22.8%. The most practiced physical activity was strength 71.9% followed by


The subject of this research is consideration of the questions of formation of the mechanism of corruption crimes and obstruction of investigation thereof. The author examines the elements of the stage-by-stage formation of corruption crimes: initial stage, main stage, and final stage (result of committing an offense).  The subject of crime is defined as a special subject with administrative or other powers in accordance with the law. The author reviews various methods of corruption crimes and the attributes of misfeasance; as well as determines the key distinguishing feature of corruption crimes – use of powers or position by an official, etc. The main conclusion consists in the statement that the problems of obstruction of investigation are common to investigation of corruption crimes, which is explained by the fact that the detection of this type of offenses ant subsequent investigation pertains to special subjects. This poses a separate, independent task of overcoming obstruction of investigation and application of different methods of overcoming. Analysis of the practice demonstrates that penal sanctions for such crimes are imposed at the lowest possible sanction of the criminal article, and in some cases –  a suspended sentence; there is evidence of not only investigative and judicial errors, but also instances of investigative and judicial arbitrariness. This results in non-application of penalties to the offender, and the worst part – prosecuting the innocent. The examined materials on corruption crimes confirm the fact of obstruction of investigation in virtually every case, which presses the need for the development of forensic doctrine on overcoming obstruction of investigation.


O ral health has been recognized as a basic human right by numerous dental and public health organizations internationally. Yet more than 70% of the world's population, mostly in lowand middle-income countries, are in need of appropriate and affordable oral health care.1 Some factors that contribute to poor oral health include a lack of resources, oral hygiene habits, oral health education and accessible oral health care.2 Driven by compassion and a desire to help, many dentists and students work with dental non-governmental organizations (NGOs) to provide care in these countries. However, while volunteerism is admirable, the traditional aid model often involves short-term missions that focus on a curative approach, which is not always appropriate, holding little or no long-term benefits.3 Since its adoption by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 1978, many aid programs in lowand middle-income countries have begun to follow the principles of the primary health care (PHC) model, which are: equity, prevention, appropriate technology, community participation and intersectoral collaboration.1 PHC aims to promote simple curative and preventive care that is efficient and sustainable and that complements the host country's health system. 1 Unfortunately, this model of care has not been actively adopted by dental NGOs.1 In light of the growth of dental volunteerism, it is important to revive the discussion on the limitations and potentially harmful effects of the current aid model. This article highlights the problematic aspects of the current model of dental volunteerism as identified in key papers, and reviews the WHO's basic package of oral care (BPOC) which can be used by dental NGOs to provide care within the PHC framework.1


Nowadays, modern process plants are following the trend of highly integrated and complex processes and highly instrumented chemical processes. In the most chemical processes, the need of monitoring various process variables is driven by the large amount of data produced by the instruments. Eventually, data will overload and wasted. Therefore, something needs to be done to monitor process data in lesser dimension as well as retain the most variations present. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) based MSPM technique is introduced to help us monitor and control processes. However, we have to retain too much principal component (PC) scores which complicate the fault detection operation. Thus, new MSPM technique, Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) is introduced to be utilized together with PCA to monitor predictor variables from criterion variables by equation that relates both variables. Hence, we only need to monitor criterion variables. The hypothesis for this study is if MLR is implemented, the lesser the number of variables need to be monitored. This proposed method is applied to the on-line monitoring of a simulated continuous stirred tank reactor with recycle (CSTRwR) from case study of Zhang, Martin, & Morris(1995). MATLAB software is utilized in this study. The general framework of fault detection comprises Phase I and Phase II. Phase I starts from normalisation of NOC data, PC scores formulated, monitoring statistics SPE and T2 are calculated and lastly 95% and 99% control limits developed. Phase II starts from standardisation of fault data with respect to NOC data, PC scores developed, monitoring statistics SPE and T2 are developed and lastly fault detection using control limits developed in Phase I. System A is the CSTRwR monitored by PCA-based MSPM system for the original set of variables. System B is the CSTRwR monitored by new MLR-PCA based MSPM system for the criterion variables which are the main product variables. Dynamic model was developed in Phase I. Then, fault data was introduced in the Phase II for fault detection. For System A, using abrupt fault data No.1 (F01a), faults were detected successfully by monitoring five variables out of 13 variables meanwhile System B only monitor two variables out of three variables with almost identical outcomes. Hence, new MSPM technique, MLR was successfully proven to be an efficient monitoring tool with quick detection and isolability while retaining as much as possible variations in lesser dimension


1. Oithona similis, although almost world-wide in distribution, is centered largely north of Cape Cod on the western Atlantic coast, and south from this point is gradually replaced by O. brevicornis.2. The adult stock in the Gulf of Maine appears to approach the coast from offshore with rising temperatures in the spring.3. Propagation begins in the Gulf in March and continues in a succession of generations until September.4. Two breeding stocks are distinguishable, due to an average difference of about one month in the time of vernal propagation in the eastern and western parts of the region. This difference is reflected in subsequent generations after dispersal.5. There appear to be four broods of the western stock, in March, May, July, and September, and three in the eastern, in April, June, and August.6. A developmental period of two months during the early season and about six weeks in summer is indicated.7. Oithona is at times far more prolific than either Calanus or Pseudocalanus, but mortality is r...


Abstract Background Current risk prediction models in ischemic heart disease (IHD) use a small set of well-known risk factors, have limited predictive capabilities, and are largely the same as they were twenty years ago. We developed and externally validated PMHnet-alpha, a neural-network based survival model for risk-stratification in ischemic heart disease that leverages the multitude of clinical features available in modern electronical health records. Methods We included 39,746 IHD patients from the regional Heart Registry that had been subjected to a coronary angiography between 2006 and 2017 with confirmed coronary artery disease. Clinical data was extracted from the Danish National Patient Registry, and electronic health records. 595 different features, consisting of diagnosis codes, procedure codes, biochemical test results, and clinical measurements were used as model inputs. Prior to model development, patients were randomly divided into a training set (n=34,746) and a tesing set (n=5,000). The testing set was not used for model development. Model performance was evaluated at six months, one years, three-, and five years of follow-up using time-dependent ROC curve analysis and Harrels' C-index. Lastly, we also assessed the calibration of the model. We benchmarked the performance of PMHnet-alpha against the GRACE Risk Score 2.0, which is widely considered to the best-performing model in current clinical use. We explored the importance of individual features using SHAP values on the trained models. Findings PMHnet-alpha had very high model discrimination on the testing data with time-dependent AUCs of 0.88 (95% CI 0.86–0.90) at six months, 0.88 (95% CI 0.86–0.90) at one year, 0.84 (95% CI 0.82–0.86) at three years, and 0.82 (95% CI 0.80–0.84) at five years. The discrimination of the benchmark model GRACE2.0 on the same data was considerably lower, 0.77 (95% CI 0.73–0.80) at six months, 0.77 (95% CI 0.74–0.80) at one year, and 0.73 (95% CI 0.70–0.75) at three years. PMHnet-alpha is undergoing external validation in other nordic countries. We identified that on-average, age, coronary pathology and smoking status were the most impactful features. Interpretation Here we present a significant improvement of the state of the art in cardiac risk prediction. PMHnet-alpha supports better and optimized use of available healthcare data, signified by the vast improvement compared to GRACE2.0. This also signifies an important paradigm shift in which data-driven strategies are necessary to transform the increasing amount of data generated in the modern healthcare system into evidence-based clinical decision making. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: Foundation. Main funding source(s): The Novo Nordisk Foundation, NordForsk


Triplet-triplet annihilation upconversion (TTA-UC) has been attracting attention in various fields as a promising tool to efficiently generate shorter-wavelength photon than the incident light. Compared to conventional UC technologies (e.g.,...


We propose TAIN (Transformers and Attention for video INterpolation), a residual neural network for video interpolation, which aims to interpolate an intermediate frame given two consecutive image frames around it. We first present a novel vision transformer module, named Cross Similarity (CS), to globally aggregate input image features with similar appearance as those of the predicted interpolated frame. These CS features are then used to refine the interpolated prediction. To account for occlusions in the CS features, we propose an Image Attention (IA) module to allow the network to focus on CS features from one frame over those of the other. TAIN outperforms existing methods that do not require flow estimation and performs comparably to flow-based methods while being computationally efficient in terms of inference time on Vimeo90k, UCF101, and SNU-FILM benchmarks.


The first earthquake emergency response exercise of leading group of earthquake prevention and disaster mitigation of Shanxi province is held by people's government of Shanxi province at headquarter for earthquake resistance and disaster rescue of Shanxi province on Jul.21th,2005.Based on the organization and exertion of this earthquake emergency response exercise,the basic approaches and design thoughts of earthquake emergency response exercise at province level are analyzed and some experiences to organize an earthquake emergency response exercise are summarized.


We show that most structured prediction problems can be solved in linear time and space by considering them as partial orderings of the tokens in the input string. Our method computes real numbers for each token in an input string and sorts the tokens accordingly, resulting in as few as 2 total orders of the tokens in the string. Each total order possesses a set of edges oriented from smaller to greater tokens. The intersection of total orders results in a partial order over the set of input tokens, which is then decoded into a directed graph representing the desired structure. Experiments show that our method achieves 95.4 LAS and 96.9 UAS by using an intersection of 2 total orders, 95.7 LAS and 97.1 UAS with 4 on the English Penn Treebank dependency parsing benchmark. Our method is also the first linear-complexity coreference resolution model and achieves 79.2 F1 on the English OntoNotes benchmark, which is comparable with state of the art.


In this paper, a patch-based super-resolution (SR) method is proposed to hallucinate facial images. Two steps are involved in this method. In the first step, semi-kernel partial least squares (semi-KPLS) algorithm is used to generate a nonlinear correlative space. In the second step, we use collaborative representation (CR) to infer a high-resolution (HR) face. The experiments conducted on FERET database demonstrate the proposed algorithm can generate better results, in comparison with some state-of-the-art approaches.


An urban Bandung in West Java that has a dense population recorded in 2014 the population of the Bandung City totaled 2,483,977 people, the impact of these conditions were increasingly heavy burden of the city facing a very complex and complicated with a variety of problems such as pollution, population density, urbanization, urban transport, and complex problems are not well-organized and the city as a result of uncontrolled growth of street vendors .this research is focused on the presence of street vendors which is a business group structure bottom in the levels of world trade. The existence of street vendors is actually not a problem when they follow the norms and provisions of applicable law, but reality shows, the informal sector of the city has been denying a number of norms and regulations applicable law. In the juridical-sociological study of these conditions shows that the growth and development of street vendors are not always followed by the arrangement and law enforcement that gave birth to deviant behavior (deviation). Therefore, this research is intended to describe and analyze the influence of the attitude of street vendors to law enforcement officials and motivation vendors against deviant behavior of street vendors in the city of Bandung. While the methods used in this research are an explanatory survey emphasis on efforts to obtain information about a phenomenon at the time of the research conducted so as to get the findings of the attitude of street vendors, work motivation to the damned law enforcement affect the deviant behavior of street vendors in the form of violation of norms or regulations in Bandung.


The MIT X window system architecture is composed of two major components: the client and the server. The server, the graphics algorithm component, lends itself well to being incorporated in an embedded system design. This could be either an accelerator board for a standard hardware bus or a standalone terminal design. In general, the X server has two drastically different functions to perform. The first is the set of graphics primitives and operators that work on the video and offscreen memory areas. The second is large sections of general-purpose code that needs to be executed before the server can determine what graphics functions to perform. The development of low-cost, high-performance reduced-instruction-set-computer (RISC) processors plays an important role in providing a good technical solution for the embedded X window system server. RISC parts can be used very effectively to address the needs of embedded X server terminal configurations. A pure RISC part, such as the AMD 29000 or Intel 80960 is ideal for the single-bit-per-pixel systems.<<ETX>>


ADDITIONAL INDEX WORDS. Lavatera olbia, Lavatera thuringiaca, RAPD, horticultural taxonomy, cultivar identification ABSTRACT. Knowledge of the origin of Lavatera L. (tree mallows) cultivars helps to predict their cultural requirements. Eighteen accessions representing 15 cultivars, 14 accessions of 7 species, and 5 accessions of an F 1 hybrid between the putative parents of the cultivars were sampled for morphological variation and for randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) fingerprint variation. Species-specific molecular markers were identified from the RAPD profiles. Chimeral elements were not distinguishable by RAPD analysis. Principal component analysis identified the majority of the cultivars to be selections of hybrid origin, probably from a narrow genetic base. Two cultivars were derived directly from individual species. The resolving power of RAPD markers and morphology was similar although RAPD data offered greater ability to ascribe parentage while morphology offered optimal discrimination of cultivar selections. been attributed variously to L. olbia or L. thuringiaca (Cheek, 1989; Huxley, 1992; Lancaster, 1987, 1989) with little consensus to their true identity. Many do not match either species alone (Miller, 1997), implying that hybridization may have had a role in their origin (van de Laar, 1991). One of the cultivars, 'Barnsley', is thought to be a periclinal chimera (Cheek, 1989) and it regularly produces shoots from the base bearing flowers of the "core" color. The possibility of naturalized plants in the United Kingdom being of hybrid origin has also been suggested (Clement, 1998; Stace, 1997) and would be worth considering for those reported natural- ized in Australia (Barker, 1977). Reported chromosome counts of 2n = 40 (Davie, 1935) or 2n = 42 (Luque and Devesa, 1986) for L. olbia and 2n = 40 (Bolkhovskikh, 1969), 2n = 42 (Markova and Goranova, 1993), or 2n = 44 (Markova and Goranova, 1993) for L. thuringiaca are too close to offer the possibility of determining hybrids karyo- typically. Other species grown occasionally in gardens can be discounted as possible parents on morphological grounds, but were included in our study for molecular comparison. Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers (Welsh and McClelland, 1990; Williams et al., 1990) have been used widely to assess relatedness and distinguish genotypes in plants. The technique has been used with increasing success in the field of ornamental cultivars (Culham and Grant, 1999; Grant and Culham, 1997a,1997b; Kumar et al., 1998; Ling et al., 1997; Marquard et al., 1997; Walker and Werner, 1997) but may not be sensitive enough to distinguish somatic mutants (Wolff and Peters-Van Rijn, 1993). The following reearch was undertaken to investigate the parental origin of cultivars and the role of hybridization in generation of Lavatera cultivars using artificial hybridization, RAPD markers, and morphological characters. In addition, the ability of RAPD markers to distinguish cultivars with a narrow genetic base was also evaluated.


Themeromorphic maps fλ (z) = λ (1 – exp(–2z))–1, λ > 0, of the complex plane are thoroughly investigated. With each map fλ associated is its projection Fλ on the infinite cylinder Q. This map and the set Jr (Fλ) consisting of those points in the cylinder Q whose ω ‐limit set under Fλ is not contained in the set {0, –∞} will form the primary objects of our interest in this article. Let hλ = HD(Jr (Fλ)) be the Hausdorff dimension of Jr (Fλ). We prove that hλ ∈ (1, 2). The hλ ‐dimensional Hausdorff measure Hhλ of Jr (Fλ) is proven to be positive and finite. The hλ ‐dimensional packing measure of Jr (Fλ) is shown to be locally infinite at every point of this set. There exists a unique Borel probability Fλ ‐invariant measure μλ on Jr (Fλ) absolutely continuous with respect to the Hausdorff measure Hhλ. This measure turns out to be ergodic and equivalent to Hhλ. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


The curriculum reform of vocational education has become the bottleneck of the quality improvement of Chinese vocational education and the cultivation of high-quality workers,which is a big concern of our government.Training Package incarnates the most striking characteristics of Australian Vocational Education reform and their successful experience can be of great practical significance to that of Chinese Vocational Education.This paper mainly analyzes its strengths and puts forward some constructive suggestions for the curriculum reform and development of Chinese higher vocational education.


Rivne State Humanitarian University, 12 Stepan Bandera Str., Rivne, 33000, Ukraine Department of Automation, Electrical and Computer-Integrated Technologies, National University of Water and Environmental Engineering, 11 Soborna Str., Rivne, 33028, Ukraine Department of Automation of Heat and Power Engineering Processes, National Technical University of Ukraine "Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute", 37 Prosp. Peremohy, Kyiv, 03056, Ukraine


The great amount of work performed in recent years to augment the role of the Soviets was noted in the documents of the 24th Congress of the Communist Party and in speeches by the delegates. The work that has been done serves as the foundation, the basis, for new efforts to strengthen the authority of the organs of power and enhance their responsibility for the development of industry and agriculture, for improving sociocultural services and amenities for the population, and for strengthening socialist legality.


Hollow structure has attracted great attentions based on the advantage to accommodate volume expansion. However, template removal usually results in structure destruction. Herein, dandelion-like Mn/Ni co-doped CoO/C hollow microspheres (CMNC-10h) are synthesized via Ostwald ripening process without templates. The high angle annular dark field (HAADF) mapping images at atomic level indicate the successful doping of Mn and Ni into CoO. Via annular bright field (ABF) image, oxygen vacancies induced by doping can be clearly observed. The residual two electrons in oxygen vacancy site are highly delocalized confirmed by density functional theory (DFT) calculations, effectively improving electrical conductivity. According to electron holography analysis, the dielectric polarization field in superficial regions of primary nanoparticles can facilitate insertion of Li+ ions into nanoparticles and thus enhance electrochemical kinetics. Combining those advantages, CMNC-10h demonstrates a high capacity of 1126 mAh g-1 at 1 A g-1 after 1000 cycles as anode material for lithium-ion battery. Additionally, based on the strong adsorption towards polysulfide, the porous structure to accommodate sulfer/polysulfide, and the effects of oxygen vacancies to immobilize and catalyze polysulfide, CMNC-10h-S as cathode material for lithium-sulfur battery also displays a high capacity of 642 mAh g-1 after 500 cycles at 1 C.


The purpose of the research work is to determine the influence of the soil cultivation system and the Groundfix biofertilizer on the size and structure of the biological yield of soybeans and to justify the feasibility of using the Groundfix biofertilizer in the technology of growing soybeans using different systems of the main soil cultivation in the conditions of the forest-steppe of Ukraine.


We demonstrate the valley-polarized photoluminescence of exciton-polaritons in monolayer MoS2 embedded in a dielectric microcavity using near-resonant excitation. The results are described by a model incorporating cavity-modified relaxation dynamics of coherent valley-specific exciton-polaritons.


Multi-wall carbon nanotubes / iron oxide magnetic composite was prepared using chemical co-precipitation after multi-wall carbon nanotubes(MWNTs) were purified by nitric acid solution.The magnetic composite obtained was characterized by SEM,powder XRD and zeta SIZER.In addition,the adsorption kinetics,adsorption isotherm and effects of adsorbent dosage on magnetic composite adsorption ability were discussed in detail.The removal rate of rhodamine B reached to 87.5% at 7.5h and the maximum adsorption was 11.02mg/g.The adsorbent had good adsorption properties and could be well separated from aqueous solution by a permanent magnet.The sorption isotherm coincided with Langmuir model,the sorption processes coincided with Langergren pseudo-first-order kinetics equation.


(Ba1−x,Srx)TiO3 (BST) films were deposited on Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si substrates with various Ti buffer layer thicknesses by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. The deposition rate and surface morphologies of the BST films were strongly dependent on the titanium buffer layer thickness. The deposition rate of BST films linearly increases with increasing Ti thickness. Titanium diffusion through the platinum bottom electrode played an important role as a nucleation site for BST growth. The 50 nm thick BST films deposited on Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si substrates with a Ti thickness of 50 nm have a dielectric constant of 190 and a dissipation factor of 0.025 at 100 kHz. The films showed symmetrical J-V characteristics with respect to the bias polarity and leakage current density of 8.0×10−7 A/cm2 at an applied voltage of 1 V. The optimal thickness of the Ti buffer layer in Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si substrates is important to obtain good electrical properties of BST films.


ISSN 1997-292X № 2 (6) 2010 53 SEMANTIC PECULARIATIES OF THE NOTION "UTOPIA" (BASED ON THE PHILOSOPHICAL LITERATURE MATERIALS) Dmitry Yevguenievich Martynov Candidate of Historical Sciences Department of History and Culture of the East Kazan (Privolzhye) Federal University email@example.com Semantic content of the notion "utopia" based on th e definitions of it in West European philosophical literature of the XX


A density functional theory of non-uniform fluid is applied to an investigation of the freezing of size polydisperse hard-sphere system. It was found that there is some critical standard deviation of the size distribution divided by the mean size above which no crystallization takes place for arbitrary density.


Letters from concerned citizens to the Defense Base Closure and Realignment Commission (BRAC) in response to the recommendations regarding Submarine Base New London.


We predict a repulsive Casimir–Polder-type dispersion interaction between a single neutron and a metal or dielectric surface. We consider a scenario where a single neutron is subject to an external magnetic field. Due to its intrinsic magnetic moment, the neutron then forms a magnetisable two-level system which can exchange virtual photons with a nearby surface. The resulting dispersion interaction between a purely magnetic object (neutron) and a purely electric one (surface) is found to be repulsive, in contrast to the typical attractive interaction between electric objects. Its magnitude is considerably smaller than the standard atom–surface Casimir–Polder force due to the magnetic nature of the interaction and the smallness of the electron-to-neutron mass ratio. Nevertheless, we show that it can be comparable to the gravitational potential of the same surface and should be taken into consideration in future neutron interference experiments.


[Objective] To understand status of hepatitis B virus infection among high school freshmen in Langfang. [Methods] Freshmen from four high school during 2001—2005 were detected hepatitis b virus serum markers by ELISA..[Results], 445(4.33%) Of 10286 freshmen were Hepatitis B virus surface antigen positive, HBsAb positive rate accounted for 87.41%, boys (4.51%) were higher than girls (2.22%), people from rural areas (5.97%) were higher than those from cities(3.22%), the difference was significant.[Conclusion] HBsAb positive groups should be controlled strictly. Targeted vaccination, Strengthening publicity and education should be applied to raise their awareness of self-protection.


A large cyclotron is described with particular reference to magnet design, ``ion‐source'' characteristics, radiofrequency requirements, optimum shape of the magnetic field, and the distribution in range of the high energy alpha‐particle beam. Increasing the ``ion‐source'' electron current above 400 ma was found to lower the efficiency of production of high speed ions. Investigation of the radiofrequency power losses showed that the anodes of the oscillators absorbed 35 percent of the total power, while the tank coil across the ``dees'' and the ``dees'' themselves took, respectively, 30 percent and 21 percent. The optimum arrangement of iron shims used for magnetic field correction was such that the average field at the middle of the pole was decidedly higher than at the edge.