An aircraft may suffer from foreign object damage (FOD) during flight operations, and a bird strike is a potentially serious and damaging FOD event. For simulated bird strike experiments, gelatin has been traditionally used as the projectile material. However, it has not been sufficiently determined how the material properties of the projectile affect the simulated bird strike results, especially for deformable targets. In this work, using gelatin as the conventional simulated bird material, silicone resin is used to investigate the effects of the projectile material properties. Two types of impact tests are conducted. One uses a solid target with a flat face, and the pressure change due to the impact is investigated. The other uses a cantilever target made from aluminum alloy or carbon fiber/epoxy composite laminate to investigate the plastic deformation or damage, respectively. From these experiments, the effects of the projectile material type and properties are evaluated.


However, in this respect, it is also important to underline that there is still an on-going debate over whether it is legally possible for the United Kingdom to revoke its Article 50 notification letter. Obviously the possibility of this revocation opens totally new scenarios. This said Competition law is one of the several fields which will be affected by this withdrawal, also generally known as Brexit. On the British side, only last July 23 2017, the UK House of Lord, EU Internal Market Sub-Committee started a coordinated inquiry on the implications of Brexit for the application and enforcement of competition law in the UK, launching a consultation. During this initial


SURFACE. R. B. Reid, M. C. McCanta, J. Filiberto, A. H. Treiman, L. Keller, and M. Rutherford, Dept of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville (1621 Cumberland Avenue, 602 Strong Hall, Knoxville, TN 37996, firstname.lastname@example.com), Lunar and Planetary Institute, USRA (3600 Bay Area Blvd., Houston, TX 77058), NASA Johnson Space Center (2101 E. NASA Pkwy, Houston, TX 77058), Dept. Earth, Environmental, & Planetary Sciences, Brown University (Providence, RI 02912).


it nsunnl)er of (hifferenmt ansetssias has also heens (lensonustrated.5 Several differeistsystems of zlonsenl(lature have beens emplove(l for the designsatioms of t-hse various hsemoglohins thus far recognsized. Ons Jansuarv 6, 1953, the ilemisatology Study Sections of thse Divisioni of Research Grants of thse Nationsal Insstitutes of Health spomusored a Sym )osiuns on the genueral subject of hensoglohins alunsorns:thities. Onse feature of that syns msiumsi a conssideration of the probhem of nuonsenmclat-ure ins this rapidly evolving field o)f inuvestigations. There was genseral agreenusemiton thse nseed for a unsiforns ans(1 elastic svstemsi of designsatinsg thse (hiffcrenst kimsds of hemoglohins. After conssiderahle discussions of the various alternatives, itwas agreed that tise five varieties of hlensogloh)inu thus far recogniized he designsated as follows: 1 . Nornial a(lult huensoglohims, or henioglohin A, PrevioUsly referred to as henssoglohin Nb or lsenioglohins (i.1 As sul)varieties of nuormssal a(lUlthemoglohins are recognized, they citns be designlate(l henusoglohini A, , hemoglohins A2, etc.#{176} 2. Normal fetal hensoglobins, or huemoglohins F, previously referred to its hemoglobin f.0. 7 Agaimu, vith thue (liscoverv of tuornial subvarieties they can I)e desigmsated henioglohimu F,, Isenssoglobins F2, etc.6 :3. Sickle (Oil henusoglobinu, dfl hemisoglobin S, )reviously also referred to its hensoglobins


Human-wildlife conflicts are a concern in southern Zimbabwe which is part of Greater Limpopo Transfrontier Conservation Area. Study objectives were to assess cost value of crop/livestock loss incurred by farmers as well as to identify drivers of human-wildlife conflicts and explore mitigation measures on agro-based communities of MutemaMusikavanhu, adjacent to Save Valley Conservancy in southern Zimbabwe. Data collection was done in November 2016, using questionnaires administered to randomly selected 300 households and 20 key informants. Majority of farmers (86%, n = 258) had incurred annual household economic loss ranging from US$ 671.00 to US$ 998.21 per household, though perceived and actual losses differed by 63.2% for mono-specific stands of crops and livestock herds for the period October 2014 to October 2016. It was concluded the main drivers of human-wildlife conflicts were African elephants (Loxodonta africana) raiding crops like maize (Zea mays), bananas (Musa sapientum) and legumes (Cucurbita sp.), whereas, lions (Panthera leo) kill livestock, mainly cattle (Bos taurus). Ineffective deterrents such as setting fires around fields at night, guarding crops and herding livestock were methods employed to minimize humanwildlife conflicts. Local people suggested erection of an electrified fence to reduce trespassing of wild animals from protected area to human settlement.


The doctor-patient integrity is a kind of asymmetric ethical form,responsibility asymmetry and compensation asymmetry establish its ethical qualities strictly,respect life carries its natural value,principle inversion demands its justice characterization.The doctor-patient integrity of our country bogged down in situation crisis.Misunderstanding the doctor-patient integrity causes the conflicts intensifily.Facing the doctor-patient conflicts though an ethical perspective and re-interpreting doctor-patient integrity which bogged down in the situation crisis,it's of great theoretical and practical significance to the reconstruction of doctor-patient integrity.


In view of the fact that robots are easy to collide with humans or obstacles which go into its workspace,a collision detection algorithm based on generalized momentum deviation was proposed to improve the safety of robots. According to the decoupling performance between generalized momentum and external torque of manipulator,a momentum deviation observer was firstly designed to obtain the impact force. Then,a performance regulating function was introduced to improve its dynamic response characteristics. Once impact force was detected,it is possible to judge whether the collision occurred. With this algorithm,collision can be detected in real time,and can effectively avoid the influence of acceleration or deceleration,without any additional external sensors or acceleration of the manipulator,simply by measuring the motor current and the position got by encoders of each joint. Simulation and experiment results show that the algorithm has reached the expected requirements in real- time performance. And the disturbances caused by accelerating and decelerating of manipulator are also very small. Moreover,it provides an approximate position and direction of the impact force which has important significance for further security reaction control.


Received at: 21/9/2013 Accepted: 24/10/2013 A total of 120 random samples of some cheeses were collected from various dairy shops, street vendors and supermarkets located in Aswan city (upper Egypt) and The samples were examined microbiologically for enumeration, isolation and identification of Staph. aureus and detection of enterotoxigencity of the isolated Staph. aureus strains These samples included fresh Kareish, pickled Kareish, Domiati and Processed cheese (30 samples each).' Of the examined cheese samples 28(93%), 25(83%), 21(70%) and 6(20%), respectively were contaminated with Staph.aureus. With mean counts of 3.08 X 10 ± 1.79 x10, 3.40 x 10 ± 1.59x10, 7.24 x10± 4.10 x10 and 1.15 x10±8.98, respectively. Incidence of coagulase positive and coagulase negative strains of S. aureus in the examined cheese samples were (15 (54%) and (13 (46 %), (7 (28%) and (18(72%), (13(62%) and (8 (38%) and (0% and 6(100%), respectively. Methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA) was isolated in an incidences of 8(26%), 7(23%), 9(30%). and 0(0%) from examined cheese samples respectively while vancomycin resistant Staph aureus (VRSA) was isolated in an incidences of 3(10%), 5(17%), 8(27%) and 0(0%). Three out of twelve strains of MRSA and VRSA were isolated from fresh Kareish cheese 4 strains from Pickled Kareish cheese and 5 strains of Domiati cheese. Two strains produced enterotoxins A were isolated from fresh Kareish cheese which can also synthesis entertoxins B and another 2 strains isolated from Domiati cheese produce entertoxins A and also one strain synthesiss entertoxins B, entertoxins C, and enterotoxins D. The selected 12 strains were strongly produce coagulase only 4 strains were enterotoxigenic.


In this article, I would like to summarize the book, entitled ' Motivating Learning '. The names of the authors of this academic book are Jill Hadfield and Zoltan Dornyei . Jill Hadfield is an associate professor in the Department of Language Studies at Unitec in New Zealand. Zoltan Dornyei is a professor of psycholinguistics at the School of English at University of Nottingham. This book was published by the Pearson Education Limited in the United Kingdom. It was first published in 2013. The International Standard Book Number of the printed version of this book is 978-1-4082-4970-3. The International Standard Book Number of the eText version of this book is 978-0-273-78612-2. The International Standard Book Number of the pdf version of this book is 978-0-273-78617-7. As it is written on the second page of this book, catalogue record for the print edition is available from the British Library. Article visualizations:


financial reporting is now all automated using accounting technology [4]. It has the ability to do analysis work that is normally done by accountants, such as financial statement analysis or the analysis about companies behavior. Furthermore, Iswanto and Wahjono [4] stated that accountant later will be "forced" to develop mobile applications that can access data directly from mobile devices, tablets and virtual reality (VR). So, when there is an audit process in that company, the management and auditor will be able to access real time data directly from the system attached to the operational activities. Transparency and accuracy of the data then can be easily confirmed.


DUNST, CARL J., and LINGERFELT, BARBARA. Maternal Ratings of Temperament and Operant Learning in Twoto Three-Month-Old Infants. CHILD DEVELOPMENT, 1985, 56, 555-563. The relation between maternal ratings of temperament and operant learning was examined in 18 2-3-month-old infants. Subjects participated in a conjugate reinforcement experiment to assess their learning capabilities. Mothers of the subjects completed the Carey and McDevitt Revised Infant Temperament Questionnaire 2-3 days before the learning study. 2 temperament dimensions-rhythmicity and persistence-emerged as significant correlates of rates of learning during the conditioning phase of the study. The notion of psychobiological preparedness is discussed in terms of explaining how individual differences in behavioral styles may constrain or enhance learning capabilities.


The utility model discloses a measuring device of the surface resistance of a flexible sheet material. The measuring device comprises a parallel electrode probe, wires, mass blocks and a resistance meter; the parallel electrode probe is arranged on the material to be measured, and the mass blocks are arranged above the parallel electrode probe; and the parallel electrode probe and the resistance meter are connected through the wires to form a circuit on the surface of the material to be measured. The measuring device, provided by the utility model, of the surface resistance of the flexible sheet material is high in measuring sensitivity, convenient to measure and suitable for wide popularization and application, can reduce measuring influences caused by volume resistance and surface pollution, and has strong practical value.


Clinical data analysis is one of the powerful learning methods in cancer research. Several analysis methods have been used for detection purposes in computational pathology. However, little information is known about the model features. Here, we described Kaplan-Meier plotter analysis model as a powerful tool with new features. The model combines fellow up threshold, disease stage, and race to ensure better validation for genes as prognostic biomarkers in early disease stages. The proposed model is evaluated for the relevance role of Rab1A, an oncogene, in renal cancer early prognosis on the benchmark datasets from The Human Protein Atlas. We found Rab1A overexpression in human renal cancer has potential role in early prognosis of the disease and it is associated with poor prognosis (p<0.05). Our model results were also confirmed in an independent dataset in The Human Protein Atlas. Together, our studies emphasize the role of Rab1A in human malignancies and identify Rab1A as a new prognostic predictor for human renal cancer.


This paper takes a cross section of 6 × 7 + IWS wire rope as an example to complete the studies on a method of geometric modeling for no-joint wire rope and implementation of a 3D solid model. Frenet–Serret frame theory establishes three types of Frenet–Serret frame, which are double-helix winding straight line, single-helix winding arc, and double-helix winding arc, and it allows derivation of eight types of center line equation of wire. This paper has ascertained tangent condition of center lines of steel wires with the same name between arc and straight-line wire rope and closed condition of no-joint wire rope. It has been concluded that the length of steel wire must be an integer multiple of its lay pitch either in arc wire rope or in straight-line wire rope, and the name of wires in each wire rope must be consistent at the same time. Finally, using Pro/ENGINEER Wildfire 5.0 software generates a 3D solid model of no-joint wire rope.


To evaluate the nutritional significance of cumin seed meal (CSM) as a commercial poultry feedstuff on laying hen performance and quality of laid eggs, an experiment was conducted using 144 (48-week-old) laying hens receiving diets containing 0, 25 and 50 g CSM kg−1 with or without polyethylene glycol (PEG 6000) and xylanase enzyme (Grindazym™ GP 15000) for 9 weeks. Body weight on the first and last days of the experiment and daily egg production and egg weight and weekly feed intake during the first, fifth and ninth weeks of the experiment were recorded. Shell weight, shell thickness, Haugh unit and yolk colour were measured during the last week of the experiment. The results showed that inclusion of CSM in laying hen diets had no negative influence on the parameters measured compared with the control diet (P > 0.05), but enhanced egg yolk colour (P < 0.05). PEG increased the daily feed intake of birds receiving CSM diets (P < 0.01) and tended to enhance daily egg production and egg weight, although not significantly. Grindazym decreased shell weight and thickness of laid eggs (P < 0.05) and tended to increase hen body weight, but had no influence on other parameters measured. The results demonstrated that CSM can be substituted for wheat bran in layer diets at 25 or 50 g kg−1 dietary inclusion level without any adverse effect on hen performance or egg quality, and might enhance egg yolk colour. In view of the low price of CSM, it could be concluded that inclusion of CSM in the diet might be beneficial to the commercial laying hen industry and reduce the overall cost of egg production. Copyright © 2006 Society of Chemical Industry


Bacterial vacuolated intracellular parasites, such as Salmonella spp. and Brucella spp., possess the ability to cause persistent, long-life chronic infection during which the microbe continues to replicate inside the host organism in spite of the development of an immune response. Such bacteria develop a strategy to evade the immune response, which plays a key role in the development of chronic infection. The implementation of this strategy is aimed at inhibiting the action of factors of innate immunity. In brucella, this process is mediated by the noncanonical structure of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), as a result of which the pathogen is not recognized by the cells of innate immunity, as well as by the functioning of T4CC, the effector proteins of which block the development of the inflammatory response. The strategy of S. Typhi is realized via the expression of genes of pathogenicity island 7 encoding Vi-antigen and genotoxin. Vi-antigen inhibits recognition of the microbe by cells of the innate immune system. Typhoid genotoxin causes the death of immune cells. Brucella realizes this strategy via the noncanonical structure of LPS and T4SS, effector proteins of which block the development of inflammation. Alternative activated macrophages appear during chronic infection caused by both pathogens. These microbes are able to regulate the metabolism of macrophages according to their needs while persisting in them. A review of the sources of information on this problem allows us to conclude that both the causative agent of typhoid fever S. Typhi and the causative agents of brucellosis use the same strategies for the development of a chronic infectious process, but the implementation of these strategies is carried out specifically.


Flow unit comprehensive evaluation is a modern oil gas reservoir evaluation method. It is based on the flow unit which has the same or similar depositional characteristics and flow parameters, and they are continuous in lateral and vertical. This method attempts to combine all those information such as logging data, geology background, core analysis, mud logging and test result, then links them to reservior properties,Thus provide a comprehensive study to formation lithology, porosity and water saturation. The target reservoir is located in south of Algeria, with very high salinity and low resistivity. Through mathematical statistic analysis to core data and well test data, regressive relationship between well log data and reservoir properties are acquired. By using this method, we achieve an enhanced judgement up to 90% accordance to identify oil gas and water zones for this kind of reservoir in Algeria.


white protestant theology is not revolutionary, and its implications are precisely those which lead to conservatism and acceptance of the established order. Hough shows, as did Reimers in his White Protestantism and the Negro,l that the churches have lagged behind most major American institutions in the struggle for racial equality. In 1964 no more than 10 per cent of white protestant congregations had Negroes worshipping in them, and the membership of these churches was and is predominantly the new suburban middle class. The quest for black power, by contrast, represents a struggle for cultural and political identity, and involved in this is the creation of a new mythology to replace the decadent mythological framework of white liberalism. Professor Hough accurately and interestingly describes the history of the struggle for black power, but it is at the point at which he attempts a 'Christian response' to its demands that one realises how wide is the gulf between the revolutionary and the conservative reformer. Black power calls for a total revolution: political, social, spiritual. How will white protestantism react to the call for revolution? As Hough admits, 'the bulk of the members of mainline Protestant denominations belong to a class of people whose whole style of life works against racial inclusiveness' (p. 188). But the real problem is more fundamental: it is that these are churches whose structures represent the ritualised celebration of the old order. Do they in fact possess a revolutionary gospel ? This book does not give a satisfactory


The purpose of this study is to explore the role and conflict that taekwondo Poomsae referees face while they judge. And further, it tries to structuralize the results to develop a questionnaire for estimating referees` role conflict, and verify its validity. Method: An open survey on role conflict was performed by targeting 38 taekwondo Poomsae standing referees belonging to the Korea Taekwondo Association in 2014. Based on 258 raw materials gained from the open survey, through inductive categorization, totally 38 items were extracted. The 38 items were examined by using 77 Poomsae referees. AMOS 18 was used for study analysis. Result: As a result of primary exploratory factor analysis, 5 detailed factors, conviction, role, internal conflict, external conflict, and joy were extracted. However, as role and conviction were bound as one factor, 20 items of 4 factors were extracted through secondary exploratory factor analysis. As a result of verifying structural validity, the 20 items of 4 factors turned out to be most valid. Examining goodness of fit index (GFI) of the 20 items, TLI was .902, CFI .915, and RMSEA .078, which indicates that the scale structure of role conflict is valid. Correlation of the factors of referees` role conflict turned out to be the highest between role conviction and joy. In order to secure discriminant validity, the role conflict questionnaire and the relationship between referees` and players` recognitions of referees` judgments (reliability, fairness, and accuracy) were analyzed. As a result, referees` accuracy recognized by players and referees` joy showed a low level of correlation, indicating high discriminant validity. Lastly, in order to grasp the difference in referees` role conflict according to their job and gender, t-test was conducted, and as a result, only referees` role conviction had a difference according to their job. As a result of analyzing the difference in players` recognition of referees` judgments according to their award winning career and gender, players with no award winning career recognized that referees` judgment was not being performed accurately. Conclusion: In conclusion, the role conflict questionnaire for taekwondo Poomsae referees turned out to be valid. In this study, role conviction was found to be a very important element in explaining referees` role performance. And it turned out that, for Poomsae referees, role conviction influences their joy, that is, the level of satisfaction they feel, and as internal conflict arises, external conflict becomes more influential. Thus, for Poomsae referees, not only the taekwondo game culture but its environments should be improved. In addition, for fairness, accuracy, and reliability of referees` judgments, the relationship between players and referees needs to be recovered. Basically referees should be trusted by players, leaders, and the audience. Referees should respect players participating in the game and let them make good results through fair and accurate judgments. And for reliable game results, referees` judgments need to be trusted, and then taekwondo Poomsae games will be able to develop in the future.


The hugely popular Indonesian pastime of keeping wild birds as pets is threatening the long-term survival of many songbird species on the islands of Java and Bali (BirdLife International, 2001; Jepson and Ladle, 2006). In response to this threat, the authors have been working with leaders of the songbird-keeping fraternity to develop a non-State, market-based governance approach to guide consumer preferences in Indonesia away from wild-caught birds towards captive-bred alternatives. A key component of this approach is empowering consumer choice through the establishment of a labelling system to certify bird-breeding facilities in Indonesia. This paper reports on the development and initial design of the certification tool. The broader approach to governing includes planned activities to: i) market captive-bred birds as more desirable on ethical and quality grounds; ii) increase the supply of captivebred birds; iii) set up a social marketing campaign to encourage ethical and sustainable bird purchasing choices (and dissuade casual purchase of birds); and iv) promote the prestige of captive-bred 'ring class' birds (birds that have been captive bred and hence ringed) at songbird competitions. The authors' design of this system of governing is informed by a research project that comprised two phases: 1) a questionnaire survey and media analysis to generate overview data on the scale and attributes of birdkeeping and scope out the key actors and networks that need to be influenced, and 2) in-depth interviews and workshops that aimed to reveal insights on the contemporary culture of bird keeping in Indonesia and identify and engage influential actors within the bird-keeper fraternity in the development of a suitable and effective policy approach.


The Church University College, as it exists in Australia today, had its origins, in Sydney, in 1854. The Preamble to the Act "to provide for the establishment and endowment of Colleges within the University of Sydney" outlines the functions of the Church College as conceived at that time:  "Whereas it is expedient to encourage and assist the establishment of Colleges within the University of Sydney in which Colleges systematic religious instruction and domestic supervision with efficient assistance in preparing for the University lectures and examinations shall be provided for students of the University. Be it therefore enacted by His Excellency the Governor of New South Wales with the advice and consent of the Legislative Council thereof . ." (Act no. 37, 18 Vic., 2 December, 1854). The derision with which this statement is likely to be greeted today - in many quarters - does little justice to the achievements of the men of that age. It oes pose the question, however, whether the Australian University Church College today is a thing of the past - a useless anachronistic survival? Or is there, alternatively, a "philosophy" of the Church College which is valid in today's society? And what is the function and purpose of the contemporary Church College?


Because of having a very good relationship with water column and water chemistry foraminifera are very popular in Paleoenvironmental studies. The present research has assessed the indicative values of salt-marsh foraminifera to reconstruct Paleo-coastline and Mid-Holocene sea level change based on some taxonomic, statistical and morphological parameters derived from the recorded species from Cox's Bazar to Bardeil area. A total of 51 species representing 40 genera and 35 families were recorded. The plot of the aforementioned parameters of these species on various schematic diagrams reveals marginal-marine to inner-shelf as Paleoenvironment. The paleodepth was estimated as 36.19m from van der Zwaan equation (1990). The age of the recorded species was estimated as 3490 to 3880 years B.P. by carbon dating. A Paleo-coastline has been drawn and about 8mm/year of coastline shifting has been estimated in a GIS environment. Based on the Paleoenvironmental significance of recorded species, age dating and coastline shifting, this study justifies a regression of sea in the study area after the Mid-Holocene sea level rise.


Abstract One of the main challenges in wireless sensor networks is the energy constraints of sensor nodes which must be considered precisely when designing algorithms for such networks. Clustering is known as one of the approaches which can be used for addressing this challenge. In this paper, an efficient method for clustering wireless sensor networks by means of cellular learning automata has been presented (LaClustering). Proposed method selects cluster head (CHs) through several stages; each considers one parameter affecting the overall performance of the clustering. Parameters considered in different stages of the proposed algorithm are energy levels of the sensor nodes, number of neighbors of each node, network connectivity, and formation of balanced clusters. To evaluate the performance of the proposed method, several experiments have been conducted using the J-sim simulator and the proposed method has been compared with some of the best clustering algorithms reported in literature. The simulation results have shown that the proposed algorithm can provide clustering infrastructure with higher overall quality than the existing algorithms, especially in balancing the number of sensor nodes in different clusters and selecting CHs with higher energy levels.


There is no doubt about it the practice of astroturfing is lazy, misleading and potentially illegal public relations (PR). But on social media, astroturfing is not just lazy and misleading, it can be irresponsible and damaging.


This cohort study aimed to evaluate the protection against symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection conferred by the Pfizer-BioNTech Original/BA.4-5 bivalent vaccine compared to mRNA Original (ancestral) monovalent vaccines. Individuals of [≥]60 years old who received a booster dose between 03/10/2022 and 06/11/2022, when both the bivalent and monovalent vaccines were used in France, were included. Individuals who received a booster dose with (1) a monovalent Original mRNA vaccine (Pfizer- BioNTech or Moderna) or (2) the bivalent Pfizer-BioNTech Original/BA.4-5 vaccine were matched. The outcome of interest was a positive SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR or antigenic test associated to self-reported symptoms, at least seven days after receiving the booster dose. Data were analysed with a Cox Proportional-Hazards model adjusted for the presence of previous infection, age, sex, and the presence of medium risk comorbidities. A total of 136852 individuals were included and followed for a median period of 77days. The bivalent vaccine conferred an additional protection of 8% [95% CI: 0% - 16%, p=0.045] against symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection compared to the monovalent vaccines.


Hearing is taken into account because the most vital senses of humans connects us to the world always and the communication between humans are mostly by speaking and listening. As per World Health Organization, 466 million People at Risk of the hearing impairment across the world. It adversely affects physical, behavioral, and social functions, as well as the general quality of live. The most task of the hearing aid is used to by selection amplify the audio sounds such the processed sound can be audible for hearing impairment. In this work, frequency sampling method is used to design a filter for hearing impairment. The proposed algorithm is implemented using python programming. The sound is categorized into two ways vowels and consonants. Vowels have low frequencies that means high pitch and are easier to hear. Consonants have higher frequencies and harder to hear. The changes in formants and pitch is observed which would be useful speech for hearing impaired.


Abstract A new method for identifying the bushing stiffness parameters in car suspension mechanisms is presented. This method is based on the observation of part motions in a suspension on a kinematic and compliance test bench. This observation is used to compute bushing deflections for various load cases applied on the suspension. An iterative identification method has been set up and interfaced with commercial multi-body simulation software (ADAMS) in order to find a set of stiffness parameters that achieve the correlation between model and reality. This identification method is tested on a pseudo-McPherson suspension and on a complex multilink rear suspension. In each case, the behaviour of the identified model converges towards the reference behaviour.


The membrane is made by; (a) dissolving biocompatible non-allergenic polymer such as ethylene- vinylacetate copolymer, ethylene-vinylalcohol copolymer, ethylene-ethylacrylate copolymer or ethylene-vinyloxyethanol copolymer in methylenechloride; (b)dissolving polyalcohol compound such as hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, polyethylene glycol, glycerine or ethylene glycol in the mixture of alkanol such as ethanol, propanol, butanol, pentanol or octanol and gloride; (c) mixing (a) and (b) with homogenizer; (d) applying it to the glass to uniform thickness; (e) drying.


An intelligent lawn maintenance robot comprises a turnover cover, an outer casing, an underpan sealing cap and an underpan, wherein a moving wheel driving motor, moving wheel, a mowing motor and a cutter disc lifting device are mounted on the underpan, and the moving wheel driving motor drives the moving wheel to revolve. The intelligent lawn maintenance robot is characterized in that the underpan is further equipped with a collision signal processing device, an off-the-ground signal processing device and an inclination switch unit, and the collision signal processing device includes a pusher board, a micro switch and a circuit control board which are positioned on the front side of the underpan.


The paper explains the concept and connotation of agricultural structure,and it analyses the restraining conditions of adjusting agricultural structure, that is to say,the level of productive forces,demand of consumption,natural resources,human resources,supply of money,science and technology.At last, the paper raises that we should well settle the relations of government and market,the relations of the part and the whole.


The package can also be installed as an R library directly from within the R environment. Installation as a package would let the user replicate the code presented below, as well as to modify the parameterizations and model run specifics (e.g., iterations). The easiest way to install the package from within R is to use the install_github function from the devtools package. devtools can be installed with a call to install.packages('devtools'). Alternatively, users can run the code below, which will check whether devtools is already installed and, if it is not, will install it.


This 83-year-old woman with glaucoma and atrial fibrillation was receiving warfarin. She woke up with pain in the right eye and what she thought was a big bruise.


The present invention discloses a method for LED backlight liquid crystal display device, comprising: a booster circuit (110), it is configured to boost the input voltage to the LED string (150) of the operating voltage; current control module (120) configured to be connected to the LED string (150) of the negative terminal, to adjust the LED string (150) of the operating current; the microcontroller (130), configured to provide a second square wave signal to the current control module (120) to control the current control module (120) to achieve the function of adjusting the current, and to find the LED string (150) from the operating current of the lookup table in a feedback regulated voltage; boost driver chip (140), is configured to boost circuit (110 ) providing a first square wave signal to control the boost circuit (110) to achieve a boost function; receiving microcontroller (130) to find out a feedback voltage regulator, and the feedback regulation to the boost voltage changes according to the received duty cycle square wave signal a first circuit (110) is provided to change the LED string (150) of the operating voltage.


Numerical analysis applied to the Beznar dam accelerograms (longitudinal and transversal components) shows that the Fourier amplitude spectrum is a good approximation to the pseudo-velocity spectra. This fact makes possible to use displacement ar velocity seismograrns to generate acceleration of the ground in places
where acceleration data are not available.
Maximae accelerations determined near and at the Beznar dam are compared with the predicted acceleration values far the regian compressed by the Pyrenees Mountains, the lberic System and the Catalonia Coastal Mountains using a established theoretical formula
far this region. Theoretical and observad values are consistent among them.


One of the most fundamental requirements of human life is food. The nutritional requirements vary from childhood through age. Infant mortality is greater in developing countries, such as India, due to a lack of sufficient nourishment for children. As a result, it is critical to provide sufficient nourishment to children. Milk is the most important food for children since it not only gives them energy but also helps them grow and develop properly throughout this time. Even during the Vedic Period, breast milk was thought to be a great meal for newborns. The Rigveda recommends breastfeeding after delivery while reciting Mantras. Under the topic of jatakarma, several ayurvedic literatures demonstrate the importance of breastfeeding. One of the updhatu of rasa is stanya, or breast milk, according to Ayurvedic literature. Breast milk has several health benefits for both the mother and the child. Breastfeeding should begin as soon as the baby is born. Breastfeeding is the most effective approach to care for a newborn. Breast milk is the ideal diet for them, in addition to the overpowering attachment it fosters. The present review focused on the concept of stanya or breast milk mentioned in Ayurvedic literatures and its need in the present era


Objective To explore clinical effects of transanal one-stage endorectal pull-through for infantile with hirschsprung's disease(HD).Methods From February 2004 to May 2009,58 cases from aged 6 months to 6 years who were confirmed as hirschsprung's disease and operated by transanal one-stage endorectal pull-through were retrospectively analyzed.There were 45 boys and 13 girls with the median age was 1 year and 5 months.Informed consent was obtained from all participants.Results All cases were confirmed by history and 24 h barium enema(each observed 24 h barium retention)or pathological examination.All cases underwent smoothly operation with no transfusions.Catheter drainage in the posterior neorectum space were routinely used.The mean operation duration were 90 minutes and mean blood loss was 30 mL.There were no infection in abdomen and enterocolitis incidence.There were different degrees of defecation frequency in the early postoperation.The defecation pattern recovered to normal in 1 or 2 months after operation.Only 1 case had manure,and then recovered after treatment.All cases after operation were required anal dilatation for 6 months.Follow-up 1 to 4 years,all patients grew and developed well with satisfied stool continence.Conclusions Infants with hirschprung's disease could be well treated by transanal one-stage endorectal pull-through with minor injury and shorter recovery time.The surgical result is good.


Objective: This paper studied the patent status of the six representative national drug companies and their flagship products,such as the number of patent,patent category,and its authorization rate to put forward some suggestions for our national medicine industry development by analyzing the intellectual property protection status of folk medicine.Method: Using Chinese and foreign patent search engine soopat database,we searched the patent application status of the six representative of the national drug companies(Cheezheng Tibetan medicine Co.,Ltd;Neimenggumengyao Co.,Ltd;Xinjiangweiwuer Pharmacy Co.,Ltd;Guizhouyibai Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd;Yunnandaiyao Co.,Ltd;Yunnanbaiyao group Co.,Ltd) and their flagship products(Qizhengxiaotongtiegao of Cheezheng Tibetan medicine;Zhentonghuoluoding of Guizhouyibai;Yunnanbaiyaoqiwuji of Yunnanbaiyao),Patent application data cutoff date of disclosure or announcement March 10,2011.Result: National medicine enterprise patent application was uneven in recent years,the patent application increased slowly;part of the flagship products had high patent quality and large invention patent ratio;national medicine industry development was inseparable from the protection of intellectual property rights especially patent.Conclusion: Intellectual property protection,particularly the patent system plays a pivotal role in the development of the 'folk medicine',its manufacturers need to enhance awareness of the patent application,make full use of the patent protection system,focusing on patent strategy and patent structure type,take the '12.5' intellectual property policy advantages to develop into a chain,and enhance the economic strength,so as to make contributions for national medicine going the world.


The injection rate and dynamic behaviour during and after the injection of dimethyl ether–biodiesel blends in a common-rail injection system are experimentally studied. The characteristics of the instantaneous line pressure evolution induced by the injection are obtained. In comparison with the injection of biodiesel, the injection of 100 wt % dimethyl ether starts later, but the starts of injection of other fuels are almost at the same time. Increasing the dimethyl ether blending ratio leads to a retarded end of injection and a significantly prolonged injection duration, but the peak injection rate changes little. With increasing rail pressure, the early rate of change in the injection rate with time and the peak injection rate increase, and the injection rate fluctuates more strongly. With increasing energizing time, the start of injection and the peak injection rate remain unchanged. The curves of the line pressure fluctuations at the injector inlet are similar for all dimethyl ether–biodiesel blends. When the dimethyl ether blending ratio is increased from 30 wt % to 100 wt %, the drop in the amplitude of the line pressure at the start of injection becomes smaller, the peak pressure decreases gradually and the phase is retarded. The duration of the line pressure fluctuations after injection becomes longer with increasing dimethyl ether blending ratio. By increasing the rail pressure, the line pressure at the start of injection drops more quickly, with a larger amplitude. At the end of injection, the magnitude of the peak pressure increases with an advanced phase, and the duration of the pressure fluctuations increases. By increasing the energizing time, the line pressure drop at the start of injection is unchanged, and the first line pressure peak increases with a retarded phase.


Abstract : America's limited war theory, which provided the intellectual justification and guide for the U.S. involvement in Vietnam, suffered from all the flaws which Clausewitz had seen in such abstract approaches to war 130 years earlier. Misled by the apparent rationalist perfection of its theory, U.S. leaders failed to understand that a war of limited objectives and means is only possible when both sides are willing to restrict means. They could not understand this because their theory did not admit the role of passion and will in driving a people's effort in war. This paper will discuss the series of errors in strategic thinking that flowed from this fundamental misunderstanding of the nature of war, and which led to the United States' loss of the Vietnam War. First, the U.S. did not recognize that the true Clausewitzian "center of gravity" in Vietnam was essentially political: the will of the people to resist the Communist insurgency, a will the United States could not create or substitute for by military action. The United States thus chose a military objective - defeat of the North Vietnamese Army - when it became clear that Saigon was losing its grip on the country in 1965. Second, having engaged the North Vietnamese, U.S. leadership did not understand the role of moral factors in determining the amount of forces which North Vietnam and the Viet Cong would field and which the United States would have to match. Totally committed to victory in the South, the North Vietnamese continued to up the ante. Third, the United States, seeking a military solution to a political problem, used the military as a political tool rather than directing it to a clear military objective, thereby increasing the cost of the war. Having lost control of the cost of the war, the United States leadership lost the war because it lost the support of the American people.


Objectives: One of the most energy-intensive sporting objects are artificial indoor ice arenas. Growing costs of fuel and energy make it necessary to improve the efficiency of energy-consuming systems of these structures which are systems of ventilation and air conditioning. Therefore it is important to develop schemes and methods of the calculation of the above systems of ice arenas. Methods: The article deals with schemes of air distribution of air conditioning systems of ice arenas with multi-step mixing of the outside and recirculation air removed from the upper and lower parts of the maintained area of the premises to reduce the energy costs of air conditioning during the cold season. Novelty: A method of calculating the microclimate parameters of an ice arena based on graphic analytical calculations using Id-diagrams is set forth.


Ube2b (yeast Ubc2b/Rad6 homolog) null mice were described previously. Ube2b encodes the murine ubiquitin conjugating enzyme mHR6B. Ube2b−/− mice were shown to present male infertility and their sperm head shape anomalies suggested that Ube2b may be involved in the replacement of nuclear proteins during spermatid chromatin condensation. Apoptosis of spermatocytes suggested additional targets of Ube2b during spermatogenesis. Consistently, we found Ube2b transcription in both meiotic and postmeiotic stages by in situ hybridization. Immuno‐electron microscopy revealed that transition proteins 1 and 2, protamines 1 and 2, and actin appear normally distributed during morphogenesis of Ube2b−/− spermatid heads. Surprisingly, electron microscopy revealed a particular sperm flagellum phenotype characterized by an abnormal distribution of periaxonemal structures. Flagellar anomalies of Ube2b null mice were previously described in infertile men indicating a possible genetic pathway for flagellar periaxonemal assembly in human. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 65: 298–308, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


(LDI), at a dose of 3 MU, reduces the risk of recurrence (hazard ratio [HR] 0.83; 95% CI, 0.75 to 0.93; P .001). This point estimate of a 17% reduction in the odds of recurrence is smaller than the treatment effect observed for HDI(26%oddsreduction;HR0.74;95%CI,0.63to0.86; P .00009), but it is not quantitatively different (test for heterogeneity: P .2). Thus, there is no clear evidence that HDI is more effective than LDI in reducing recurrence. We agree with Moschos et al that it is possible that the effect of LDI is more transient than that with HDI, but this hypothesis needs to be confirmed. The best way to do this is through an individual patient data meta-analysis. This would permit the inclusion of data with longer follow-up than in the original trial reports and the analysis of treatment effects over time. We support Dr Schuchter's view that overall survival is the most important end point for an adjuvant therapy, so more importantly, an individual patient data meta-analysis would allow a more precise estimate of the long-term effects on survival, including by dose of interferon, against which to balance toxicity and cost. Thetwoeditorialsneatlyhighlightthecontinuingcontroversy surrounding the use of adjuvant interferon for melanoma. Dr Schuchter states that "adjuvant trials in patientswithhigh-riskresectedmelanomashouldcontinueto include a surgery alone control arm"; and Moschos et al


The relationship of homosexuality to the current epidemic may provide important clues elucidating the underlying viral and immunologic mechanisms of oncogenesis.


A time slot synchronous method to support real time oriented TDMA for multi-hop ad hoc wireless network is described. In this algorithm, each node repetitively corrects its local time slot reference by an adjustment, which is computed according to its time slot difference between those of its neighbor nodes. This algorithm is simultaneously co-computed by each node. Simulations show that fast convergence rate and modest computation are achieved.


Clinical trials of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitor have demonstrated significant efficacy in those patients with Crohn's disease that is not responsive to other anti- inflammatory drug. Infliximab is a human-murine chimeric monoclonal antibody with a high binding affinity and specificity for TNF-α. Yet therapy with infliximab is associated with an increased risk of opportunistic infection, and especially tuberculosis. Here we reported on a case of tuberculous meningitis in 26-year-old man, and he was treated with infliximab for uncontrolled and fistulous Crohn's disease. We also include a review of the literature. (Korean J Gastrointest Endosc 2007;34:339-342)


During drilling in Hongze Area of Jiangsu Province, the formation damage is mainly caused by salt sensitivity, water sensitivity and water locking, so the key drilling fluid techniques need to focus on increasing the fluid inhibitive and anti-caving ability, using temporary plugging technology to minimize potential damage to the formation, increasing the drilling fluid salinity and redu cing the sensitive damages.The non-dispersed formate/polymer drilling fluid was employed. Field using showed that, on the premise of chemical protecting and sustaining the hole in stable state, the drilling fluid density was lowered to 1.08g/cm 3. The drilling fluid inhibitive ability was improved, and the salinity was increased also. Incorporated with shielding and temporary plugging technology, the permeability recovery reac hed to higher than 90 %.A regular borehole was achieved, which is good for the success ratios of logging and cementing.


The article presents relations between water temperature in the Ropa river (the Polish Carpathians) and the air temperature in the longitudinal profile of the river, taking into account the distortions resulting from the operation of Klimkówka reservoir. The analysis is based on measurements of water and air temperature of the river upstream and downstream of the reservoir in various air temperature conditions in the daily and annual cycle. The observed disturbances in the relation between water and air temperature result from a transformation of the natural thermal regime of the river downstream of the dam. Therefore, in any research into relations between river water temperature and air temperature, the effect of reservoirs on river water temperature must be taken into consideration. It is important for predicting the impact of potential climate change on river ecosystems.


Apoptosis and expression of bcl-2 mRNA in the immune organs of chicks infected with infectious bursal disease virus(IBDV) were investigated.The number of apoptosis cells was assessed by TUNEL method.The expression of bcl-2 mRNA was investigated by Real-time PCR.The results showed that the apoptosis cells in bursa of Fabricius,thymus and s pleen of chicks infected with IBDV from the third to seventh day post infection are significant or extremely significant higher than that of normal SPF chicks(P0.01 or P0.05).At the same time,the expression of bcl-2 mRNA significantly increased in the immune organs of SPF chicks infected with IBDV from the third to seventh day post infection compared with those of normal chicks(P0.01 or P0.05).These study indicates that IBDV can improve the number of apoptosis and the expression of bcl-2 mRNA in immune organs of chicks infected with IBDV.


From a series of 6,573 echographic surveys of pelvis in male and female, the authors point out 789 liquid images among them 82 are non gynecologic lesions. A statistical study of the different observed etiologies is proposed and compared with those of the literature. The main cases observed are gathered under several items: abscess, hematomas, urinary, digestive and vascular images and studied semiologically. The discussion points out the low frequency in opposition to the etiological diversity of this type of image and precise the diagnostic procedures rules which include other imaging methods especially computed tomography.


【Objective】The goals of this study were to obtain immunogen and coating antigen, generate its mice polyclonal antiserum and develop FLE-Kit by its competitive indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ciELISA). 【 Method 】 Artificial antigen BSA-FLE and OVA-FLE were synthesized using DCC and the mixed anhydride reaction methods by linking carrier proteins BSA and OVA to FLE. The antigens BSA-FLE and OVA-FLE were identified by ultraviolet scanning and SDS-PAGE, then five female white rats were subcutaneously immunized with the immunogen Fle-BSA at multiple sites in the back. The initial immunization was subcutaneously injected with 189 μL of conjugate in 311 μL of PBS(0.01 mol·L-1, pH 7.4) and 0.5 mL of Freund's complete adjuvant. The rest of five booster immunizations were conducted by injecting 189 μL of FLE-BSA in 311 μL of PBS(0.01 mol·L-1, pH 7.4) and 0.5 mL of iFA at 20-day intervals. After obtained mice polyclonal antiserum, the ciELISA method and rapid detection kit of FLE were developed. The kit was compared with HPLC method to ensure its quality. 【 Result 】 The ultraviolet scanning and SDS-PAGE showed that FLE artificial antigen was synthesized successfully. Five BALB/c mice indirect ELISA titer against FLE were all above 2.5×104 and the IC50 of No.4 mice was the lowest(162.18 ng·mL-1). After optimized the ELISA method, the icELISA revealed that the optimal concentration of mice serum was 1:6400, the optimal concentration of coated antigen was 5 μg·mL-1, and the optimal concentration of sheep anti-rabbit IgG was 1:1000. The regression equation was Y =-0.3627x + 1.3517(R2 = 0.9956), the lowest detection limit of the kit was 16.22 ng·mL-1, the assay measured drug residue in pork liver spiked with FLE with coefficient of variation between 9.34%-10.7%, and the average recovery rates between 67.5%-87.9%, respectively. The assay measured drug residue in pork meats spiked with FLE with coefficient of variation between 8.3%-10.4%, the average recovery rates were between 74%-88.2%. Good agreement of the results obtained by ELISA and high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) further confirmed the reliability and accuracy of the icELISA for rapid detection of SPFX in pork meats. The coefficients of variation of intra-assay and inter-assay were 5.07% and 7.44% during five standard concentrations. The antiserum of FLE had no cross reactivity with other competitors.【Conclusion】The FLE polyclonal antiserum has been generated. The icELISA method and rapid detection kit were developed for the detection of FLE residues with the characters of sensitivity, accuracy, convenience and rapid in this study and they laid a foundation for establishing immunoassay of FLE residues.


In this study, the effectiveness of an oral history assignment was assessed in a traditional gerontology class versus a distance education (DE) gerontology class. Attitudes toward older adults and the aging process were measured before and after students in the traditional (n = 29) and DE (n = 16) setting completed an oral history assignment. Scores were evaluated at posttest for differences between groups. The assignment positively influenced students' attitude toward older adults in both classes. Results indicate that this assignment was as effective in the DE setting as in the traditional setting. Findings suggest that oral history is an effective teaching assignment in a DE gerontology class.


Light‐induced changes in the UV absorption spectrum of bovine rod outer segment membranes were measured by conventional difference spectroscopy and by flash photolysis methods. Different thermal intermediates of rhodopsin (lumirhodopsin, metarhodopsin I, metarhodopsin II, and meta‐rhodopsin III) have absorption spectra in the ultraviolet which differ from the rhodopsin spectrum and from each other. The spectra associated with metarhodopsin I, metarhodopsin II, and metarhodopsin III are characteristic of perturbation of a small number of tyr. and/or trp residues, most likely one trp residue. These aromatic residues are in the neighborhood of the retinal Schiff base and undergo coordinated changes of interaction with retinal during the bleaching sequence. At the metarhodopsin II stage, the magnitude of the UV spectral changes is consistent with the exposure of a previously shielded trp residue to an aqueous environment. The present results are consistent with previous spectral studies which limit the extent of light‐induced conformational changes to regions of the protein in the neighborhood of the retinal Schiff base. An analogous study was made on light‐adapted purple membranes of Halobacterium halobium. The UV absorption spectrum associated with the deprotonated Schiff base intermediate of the trans‐bacteriorhodopsin cycle is indicative, in part, of aromatic residue perturbation. However, significant changes in the secondary and tertiary structures of the bacterio‐rhodopsin protein characteristic of a delocalized conformational change are unlikely at this intermediate stage.


Given the tremendous need for effective weight loss treatments, we read with interest the paper by Yan et al. [1] and were intrigued by the reported finding that a form of massage produced weight loss in a randomized controlled trial. Upon closer inspection, we were struck by the magnitude of the results. Specifically, in an 8-week period, the treatment (massage) group lost over 7 kg, more than 9% of their baseline body weight, and 3.7 kg more than the control group lost. Such results rival those of all available obesity treatment procedures except surgery and very low calorie meal replacement programs. Yet, as we read the paper more carefully, we noticed several oddities.


The modern data and actual specificity of postpartum endometritis diagnostics are shown in this literature review, dynamics of C-reactive protein at physiological puerperas and septic complications.


FY 2016 Budget Page No. Organization Chart ...........................................................................................................................2 Appropriation Language ..................................................................................................................3 Amounts Available for Obligation...................................................................................................4 Budget Mechanism Table ................................................................................................................5 Major Changes in Budget Request ..................................................................................................6 Summary of Changes .......................................................................................................................7 Budget Graphs .................................................................................................................................9 Budget Authority by Activity ........................................................................................................10 Authorizing Legislation .................................................................................................................11 Appropriations History ..................................................................................................................12 Justification of Budget Request .....................................................................................................13 Budget Authority by Object Class .................................................................................................22 Salaries and Expenses ....................................................................................................................23 Detail of Full-Time Equivalent Employment (FTE) .....................................................................24 Detail of Positions ..........................................................................................................................25


The electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) studies of gamma irradiated ammonium chloride single crystals doped with rhodium have given evidence to suggest the stabilization of Rh0 and Rh(II) at interstitial sites in a compressed octahedral coordination with D4h symmetry. The EPR spectrum of Rh0 has been found to be highly temperature dependent, the intensity increasing with the lowering of temperature and was observable only below −100 °C. Well resolved hyperfine structure due to 103Rh has been observed for Rh0 center. Its g values suggest that the unpaired electron is in a pure ‖3z2−r2〉 orbital, in contrast to the ‖x2−y2〉 character of the unpaired electron of Rh(II) center. At 77 °K superhyperfine structure due to four equivalent chlorines was observed in the EPR spectrum of Rh(II) center, indicating the overlap of ‖x2−y2〉 orbital with the equatorial ligands.


venture to-list some topics on which I feel elucidation is needed. When he argues for a unification of natural theology and systematics, does he sufficiently demarcate the two realms of reason and revelation? In his welcome stress on religious conversion, has he found a satisfactory statement of the relation between religious conversion in general and Christian conversion in particular? In his desire to communicate with the modern world, does he accept too uncritically the modern climate of thought or, as he would call it, the scientific differentiation of consciousness? In his anxiety to integrate the ancillary disciplines into theology, does he take sufficient account in his explicit statements (for I have no doubt about his personal religious orientation) of the fact that the theologian is, or at any rate should be, operating within the great tradition of thought and life into which he was incorporated at baptism and that the dynamic process which is the enterprise of Christian theology down the ages takes place within the People of God, the Body of Christ? Finally, we are left with the question whether Fr Lonergan's theological method stands above all theological systems as the criterion by which they must be judged or whether it stands beside them, as one among others, itself under judgment and needing justification. That is to say, is it the ultimate metamethodology, bearing its own credentials, or not? In Fr Lonergan's judgment it clearly is. This would imply, however, that his cognitional theory and metaphysics, upon which it is based, are also ultimate. This, too, he would hold, and he would claim that it was vindicated by the only process that applies to what is ultimate, namely by showing that the counter-position is self-destructive; but this, I think, some will wish to dispute. These are very inadequate comments on the work of a thinker who, as Dr Hugo Meynell has suggested, may have provided the new paradigm which Christian theology urgently needs today and who may have reduced the contemporary theological chaos to order in a way parallel to the achievements of Copernicus, Newton and Lavoisier in the physical sciences. They may, however, serve to indicate the range, vigour and relevance of his work.


This book chapter examines womens roles on the islands of Dominica and Barbuda in the Lesser Antilles and the merging domains of public and private. Fieldwork was conducted in Dominica in 1987 and in Barbuda in 1971-87. The aim was to examine womens roles in the intra-island economy and in informal social organization and to compare these roles to anthropological generalizations about gender domains. Findings indicate that womens roles are an integral part of socioeconomic life and are not confined to the household. This study adds to an understanding of social networks economic exchange and informal social control. Womens personal and familial relationships and activities within the household do not imply or constitute a private domain. It is the social importance of household tasks that defines social and religious practices. The authors affirm that womens domestic activities in public should be recognized as in the public domain. The islands are very diverse in geography and economic life. Both share the large scale social cultural and economic processes that shaped the region. Both islands have few resources a small economic base poverty and opportunities in subsistence production and emigration. Dominicas rugged terrain and inhospitable shoreline slow development and travel. Two case histories in Dominica and one in Barbuda illustrate how familiar communication becomes public communication and how domains merge in the practice of living. The area where domestic and public spheres merge is the area where social and economic activities coincide. Women act in public roles through kin and neighborhood networks and not all public roles are based on domestic tasks. Womens roles change over the course of their life cycles. Womens public roles increase over time while mens public roles decline over time. Both sexes in their older years share time together in the shade.


Corporate credit ratings provide a subjective assessment of the default probability incurred by an investor who enters into a long financial position with a (rated) corporate counterparty. Ratings play a prominent role in the financial industry, as these directly influence the interest rate to be applied to a specific loan. Additionally, under Basel II, credit ratings are used to determine the capital buffer to be held by the lender-lower ratings leading to higher capital buffers. If credit ratings co-vary with the business cycle (at the aggregate level), this has the potential to exacerbate a downturn of the economy as the capital becomes increasingly expensive when it is most needed. Therefore, obtaining insight into the dynamics of credit ratings is important, as these have an indirect impact over the stability of the whole financial system. This thesis presents a novel econometric framework for analyzing and interpreting historical credit rating data that enables the empirical measurement and estimation of both corporate default and rating transition probabilities. A major advantage of this modelling framework is that it allows the extraction of the dynamic aggregate patterns present in rating data without the need to pinpoint their precise determinants. Several new methods for estimating and forecasting the rating transition matrix associated with a given rating system are also introduced. André Monteiro (1973) graduated in Applied Mathematics from the University of Porto in 2001. After being responsible for several applied projects in statistics at both Interpay Nederland B.V. and Eurostat he enrolled in the M.Phil. program of the Tinbergen Institute in late 2002. In the context of his Ph.D. studies at the Tinbergen Institute he was able to make a few contributions to the literature dealing with the statistical analysis of credit rating data. The main results of his research have been published in peer-reviewed scientific journals in the fields of econometrics and finance.


Extracted from text ... I
Diversity:
a global imperative and
a strategic objective
20 Management Today April 2005
Dr Linda Human is a consultant to many South African and overseas companies and
an expert on diversity. She held various positions in a number of business schools in
South Africa and is the author and co-author of several books on the subject as well as
BEE and affirmative action. She spoke at the recent ASTD conference in Cape Town
from which this article was written. She may be reached at email@example.com.
Exactly what diversity management is, why it is included in their business objectives
and ..


This paper reviews the challenges during drilling of composite, titanium, and aluminium stacks. The machinability aspects of these three material stacks commonly used in aerospace applications are reviewed individually based on influence of drill material, drill geometries, and drilling parameters. Composite material requires high speed and low feed rate, drilling titanium requires low speed and high feed rate whereas drilling aluminium requires a balance between speed to feed rate. The review reports critical results and gap in the literature for composite, titanium and aluminium. Drilling of multimaterial stacks require a compromise between many parameters. The problems and solutions related to drilling of multimaterial stacks are discussed and the directions in which the research on drilling of multimaterials may be carried out are suggested in this paper.


Wireless Internet is quickly emerging as a reality, thanks to the fast evolution of many wireless access technologies. Convergence of heterogeneous wireless networks and the next generation Internet further brings wireless Internet into a variety of application scenarios which provide mobile users with a wide range of highly demanding services, such as high speed data and real-time multimedia delivery. On the other hand, it is of critical importance to obtain a fundamental understanding of wireless Internet architectures and explore new services and solutions in order to achieve the ultimate goal of wireless Internet access anytime anywhere.


A meanderline wave retarder is a unique type of frequency-selective-surface (FSS) that enables a change in the state of optical polarization. The principles of operation are very similar to a typical crystalline waveplate, such that the artificially structured meanderline array has both 'slow' and 'fast' axes that provide a phase offset between two orthogonal wave components. In this paper, we study the behavior and response of multilayered meanderline quarter-wave retarders designed for operation at 10.6 µm wavelength (28.28 THz). It will be shown that meanderline quarter-wave plates with more than a single layer exhibit improved transmission throughput at infrared frequencies due to impedance matching, similar to a multilayer optical film coating. Numerical data, both from simulations and measurements, are presented to validate this claim. " Demonstration of a single-layer meanderline phase retarder at infrared, " Opt. Off-axis behavior of an infrared meander-line waveplate, " Opt. Lett. Broadband form birefringent quarter-wave plate for the mid-infrared wavelength region, " Opt. Achromatic quarter-wave plates using the dispersion of form birefringence, " Appl. Fabrication and measurement of wideband achromatic waveplates for the mid-infrared region using subwavelength features, " Achromatic angle-insensitive infrared quarter-wave retarder based on total internal reflection at the Si-SiO2 interface, " J. Total reflection prisms as achromatic IR retarders, " Appl. Infrared quarter-wave reflection retarders designed with high-spatial-frequency dielectric surface-relief gratings on a gold substrate at oblique incidence, " Appl. Phase retarder for transformation of polarization of high-power infrared laser beams based on resonant excitation of surface electromagnetic waves on metallic diffraction gratings, " Opt. Simple quartz birefringent quarter-wave plate for use at 3.39 µm, " J. Electrically tunable liquid-crystal wave plate in the infrared, " Opt. array for infrared imaging polarimetry, " J. Analytical method of a multilayered meander-line polarizer plate with normal and oblique plane-wave incidence, " IEEE Trans. Susceptance computation of a meander-line polarizer layer, " IEEE Trans. Accurate analysis of meanderline polarizers with finite thicknesses using mode matching, " IEEE Trans. Spectroscopic ellipsometry of materials for infrared micro-device fabrication, " Phys. Electron-beam lithography of multiple-layer submicrometer periodic arrays on a barium fluoride substrate, " J. Ohmic loss in frequency-selective surfaces, " J. Ion-assisted deposition of yttrium fluoride as a substitute for thorium fluoride: Application to infrared anti-reflection coating on germanium, " Proc.


The compressive stress-strain curves of PMMA in 20 to 160℃ were measured at about 102 to 103/second strain rates by SHPB (Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar) equipment. It was concluded that during the period when the logarithmic strain rate log e (t), decreases linearly with time the parameter k which relates the acoustic resistance of one-dimentional wave propagation between PMMA and steel bar equals the constant b which characterizes the viscoelastic proper ties of PMMA, b = E'/η' in accordance with the standard linear mechanical model of visco-elasticity. The variance of k with temperature was regarded as the viscoelastic effect of PMMA.


The present study aims to investigate how conceptual symmetry plays a role in the use of spatial particles in English and to further examine its pedagogical implications via a corpus-based evaluation of the course books in senior high schools in Taiwan. More specifically, we adopt a quantitative corpus-based approach to investigate whether bipolar spatial particles (e.g., up/down) on the same spatial dimension (e.g., vertical axis) exhibit a symmetrical extension to similar sets of target domains in real language use. Our data is based on the British National Corpus. We examine the correlation patterns between 13 spatial particles and their co-occurring nouns in English preposition constructions through exploratory statistical methods. The distributional patterns of the spatial particles have clearly revealed different patterning on three dimensions with respect to their degrees of conceptual symmetry. On the other hand, we further analyze the distribution of the spatial particles in three major officially-approved versions of textbooks in senior high schools, namely, Far East, Lungteng and Sanmin. This evaluation features a critical comparison with the authentic corpusbased realization of these spatial particles in the BNC. The similarities and differences between the textbook illustration and the realistic corpus instantiation may shed light on the pedagogical practices for language teachers on the frontline.


(57) Abstract: those described is a polymerizable composition comprising an alkyl-substituted brominated phenolic ester (meth) acrylate monomer having a refractive index of at least 1.50, and the polymer substance obtained from it, .


The wind power input to near‐inertial (NI) motions is studied using a global eddy‐permitting ocean general circulation model. The model is forced by high‐ (1‐hourly, at 0.35° resolution) and low‐resolution (6‐hourly, at 1.875° resolution) wind data. A change from low‐ to high‐resolution forcing results in an increase in NI kinetic energy by a factor three and raises the wind‐generated power input to NI motions from 0.3 TW to 1.1 TW. Time and space filtering of the wind fields yield less kinetic energy, with a larger drop from time filtering. This strong sensitivity to wind forcing points to a possible underestimation of the wind‐generated energy available for deep ocean mixing in previous studies based on low‐resolution winds.


Abstract : Schwannomas (neurilemmomas, neurinomas) are benign, slowly growing tumours arising from nerve sheath from different nerves including cranial, spinal roots or peripheral nerves. Its the most common benign peripheral nerve neoplasm. Malignant transformation is very rare. Here we have presented a case of schwannoma from superficial peroneal nerve, unusual nerve to be involved as only three cases have been reported in world literature before our case. Keyword :schwannomas, peripheral nerve.


A Cosmetic product refill 5 which is configured to be received in a covering shell 3, the refill 5 including a hollow member 9 configured to contain the cosmetic product and which has an opening 11 for taking or dispensing cosmetic product, a means 13, connected to the hollow member 9, for fixing the hollow member 9 to the covering shell 3, and a breakable zone 14 which is configured to detach atleast partially the fixing means 13 of the hollow member 9 under the effect of traction applied by a user to the fixing means 13, the breakable zone 14 extending in a discrete or continuous manner over at least 30% of the periphery of the hollow member.


Abstract: Tetanus exotoxin inhibited Ca2+‐dependent cate‐cholamine secretion in a dose‐dependent manner in digito‐nin‐permeabilized chromaffin cells. The inhibition was specific for tetanus exotoxin and the B fragment of tetanus toxin; the C fragment had no effect. Inhibition required the introduction of toxin into the cell, and was not seen when intact cells were preincubated with the toxin or toxin fragments. The degree of inhibition was related to the length of preincubation with toxin, as well as the concentration of toxin used. A short preincubation with toxin was sufficient to inhibit secretion, and the continued presence of toxin in the incubation medium was not required during the incubation with Ca2+. The inhibition of secretion by tetanus toxin or the B fragment was not overcome with increasing Ca2+ concentrations. Tetanus toxin also inhibited catechol‐amine secretion enhanced by phorbol ester‐induced activation of protein kinase C. Thus, the toxin or a proteolytic fragment of the toxin can enter digitonin‐permeabilized cells to interact with a component of the Ca2+‐dependent exocytotic pathway to inhibit secretion.


From 63 forward Cicero develops and idealizes a novel concept of otium involving both civic stability and the opportunity for dignified activity and achievement through private leisure, conspicuously locating the interlocutors of his dialogues in such a condition. He regularly contrasts this otium with his own, despite the fact that his interlocutors also lived in periods of civil strife and were unlikely to have experienced their private otium any differently. Ultimately, by representing the stability of this condition over several generations and even implicating himself in it in certain dialogues, Cicero naturalizes the fiction of his otium, implying a transcendent, transtemporal political stability in Rome.


This thesis investigates the solution of equations of the form G(^\,oc)=0, G; R X X->X, where X is a real Sanach space. Such equations are often called non-linear eigenvalue problems. If oc*) is a solution for which is invertible, there are well-known existence and uniqueness results for solutions near , which are easily made constructive. Kowever, in this thesis, we are interested in solutions for which is not invertible, and specifi cally in the case when has only a 1-dimensional null-space. Our approach is to apply the Newton-Kantorovich theorem, first to determine these so-called singular points, and second to compute nearby solutions. In the former case we modify the equations to avoid singular systems, and in the latter case we obtain accurate starting values which compensate for the near-singularity of G^(\,x.j. Hence the advantages of a quadratically convergent method are retained* Chapter 1 contains a brief, general introduction to non-linear eigenvalue problems in which we distinguish between the two important types of singular point, turning points and bifurcation points. In Chapter 2 we consider the common case G(X,oj = 0 for arbitrary' \ . Thus (X,o) is a solution, the singular points can be computed by standard methods, and the major difficulty is to determine solutions » near (VT, o) , with non-zero X-component. Turning points are the subject of Chapter 3» where we show how to compute both the points themselves and the solutions beyond them. In Chapter 4 we consider the problem of bifurcation points in a similar way and, finally, the stab ility of such points under small perturbations is discussed in Chapter 5»


Resonant Auger electron spectra were measured for several condensed molecules (Si(CH 3 ) 3 Cl, SiCl 4 , PCl 3 , C 3 H 7 SH and CCl 4 ) around Si-, P-, S-, and Cl-1s edges. It was commonly found that the most frequent decay channel after the excitation was a KL 2 , 3 L 2 , 3 transition. As predicted by a resonant inelastic scattering theory, the phenomenon known as the Auger resonant Raman effect was observed in this transition. Namely, resonant (spectator) Auger peaks exhibited both linear energy dispersion and width sharpening. Only Si- and Cl-KL 2 , 3 L 2,3 transitions in Si(CH 3 ) 3 Cl were found to exhibit complicated dispersion profiles, probably due to two different excitations in each edge. Intensity plots of the spectator and normal Auger peaks revealed that Si- 3 p* and Cl-3p* orbitals in this molecule have different natures, i.e., the former and the latter consist mainly of localized and delocalized components, respectively.


The Federal Administration System's (FAA) Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS) is a critical component for modernization of air traffic management and control in the National Airspace System (NAS). WAAS augments the Global Positioning System (GPS) to enhance navigation performance for air flight. The FAA has developed very stringent performance requirements for WAAS to ensure safe air flight en-route, and for non-precision and precision approaches. The requirements are grouped into the four general categories of availability, accuracy, integrity, and continuity. Critical to meeting these requirements is the provision of a robust WAAS signal-in-space (SIS) capability. The SIS provides two services: (1) correction and integrity data on the WAAS and GPS signals, and (2) GPS-like ranging signals to augment GPS signals. The SIS requirements apply to the satellite signals and the WAAS ground segment, and thus flow down to the Geostationary Communication Segment (GCS) and the WAAS ground network. The GCS requirements then flow down to the two main components of the GCS (the GEO satellite(s), and the Ground Uplink Subsystems (GUSs) that support the GEO(s)). This paper only addresses the analysis and flow down of the GCS requirements.


The cure kinetics of phenolic resin modified by poly(n-butyl acrylate) are investigated with a torsional braid apparatus. The gelational peaks of the phenolic resin modified by poly(n-butyl acrylate) comes advance than that of the cure kinetics in phendic resin. The results indicates that phenolic resin modified by poly(n-butyl acrylate) comes than thos of. The activation energy of phenolic resin modified by poly(n-butyl acrylate) which obtained by dynamic computation reduces slightly. It shows that the cure mechanism of phenolic resin does not change after modification.


To evaluate the effect of phacoemulsification in patients with cataract and secondary angle closure glaucoma caused by lens abnormality 27 eyes with secondary angle closure glaucoma and cataract underwent phacoemulsification with foldable posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation were studied retrospectively, including 19 eyes with secondary acute angle closure glaucoma, 8 eyes with secondary chronic angle closure glaucoma After a mean postoperative follow up period of (19±11) months, no severe complication was observed in these patients postoperatively or within the operation procedure The correct visual acuity was improved from (0 11±0 07) to (0 35±0 19) after the operation (P0 05) The mean intraocular pressures and the number of antiglaucoma medications reduced respectively from (4 09±1 61)kPa and (2 67±0 24) sorts of drugs preoperatively to (2 03±0 72)kPa and (0 87±0 42) sorts of drugs postoperatively The mean depth of anterior chamber changed from (1 25±0 56)mm preoperatively to(2 43±0 67)mm postoperatively Some part of the closed chamber angle reopened [Conclusion] Phacoemulsification with posterior chamber foldable intraocular lens implantation can be a good alternative in treating secondary angle closure glaucoma with cataract.


Interactions between European Union law and French law can be confusing when it comes to public property. Although it a priori testifies of the neutrality with which the European Union law deals…


A simple model has been suggested for describing self-organization of localized charges and quantum scattering in undoped GaAs/AlGaAs structures with 2D electron or hole gas created by applying respective gate bias. It has been assumed that these metal / dielectric / undoped semiconductor structures exhibit predominant carrier scattering at localized surface charges which can be located at any point of the plane imitating the GaAs / dielectric interface. The suggested model considers all these surface charges and respective image charges in metallic gate as a closed thermostated system. Electrostatic self-organization in this system has been studied numerically for thermodynamic equilibrium states using the Metropolis algorithm over a wide temperature range. We show that at T > 100 K a simple formula derived from the theory of single-component 2D plasma yields virtually the same behavior of structural factor at small wave numbers as the one given by the Metropolis algorithm. The scattering times of gate-induced carriers are described with formulas in which the structural factor characterizes frozen disorder in the system. The main contribution in these formulas is due to behavior of the structural factor at small wave numbers. Calculation using these formulas for the case of disorder corresponding to infinite T has yielded 2–3 times lower scattering times than experimentally obtained ones. We have found that the theory agrees with experiment at disorder freezing temperatures T ≈ 1000 K for 2D electron gas specimen and T ≈ 700 K for 2D hole gas specimen. These figures are the upper estimates of freezing temperature for test structures since the model ignores all the disorder factors except temperature.


The present invention is to prevent the ions injected upon formation of the n-type or p-type impurity region of low concentration constituting the photodiode which penetrates into the lower portion of the gate electrode of the manufacturing method of the CMOS image sensor capable of suppressing the generation of leakage current as, Method of manufacturing a CMOS image sensor according to the present invention includes the steps of stacking a gate insulating film and a conductive layer on a semiconductor substrate, depositing an insulating film for the ion implantation prevention on said conductive layer; a and the laminated gate insulating film the conductive layer and the ion-step of patterning the insulating film for injection preventing form an ion implanted film, the gate electrode and the gate insulating film in sequence; one and, applying a photosensitive film on the substrate surface including the ion-implanted barrier film and then, optionally patterning to form a second photoresist pattern to define the photodiode region with; and, the substrate of the second by using as an ion implantation mask the photoresist pattern implanting low-concentration of impurity ions on the substrate, wherein the photodiode region a characterized in that comprises a step of forming the impurity region of low concentration . CMOS, image sensors, the photodiode


The 5.5-Mb genome sequence of Bacillus thuringiensis strain UNMSM10RA, isolated from potato crop soil, is reported in this study. The strain UNMSM10RA contains 5,347 protein-coding sequences, 105 tRNA genes, 15 rRNA genes, and 5 noncoding RNA (ncRNA) genes, with an average G+C content of 35.1%. ABSTRACT The 5.5-Mb genome sequence of Bacillus thuringiensis strain UNMSM10RA, isolated from potato crop soil, is reported in this study. The strain UNMSM10RA contains 5,347 protein-coding sequences, 105 tRNA genes, 15 rRNA genes, and 5 noncoding RNA (ncRNA) genes, with an average G+C content of 35.1%.


The investigation of mechanical properties of living biological cells and biomaterials is challenging because they are inhomogeneous and anisotropic at microscopic scales, and often time-dependent over a broad time scale. Through three case studies of biomaterials and living cells, we demonstrate that a novel, oscillating optical tweezer-based imaging microrheometer developed recently in our laboratory has overcome many technical barriers posed by the complexity of biological systems. In this paper, we present the working principle, system setup and calibration of the imaging microrheometer, and report the groundbreaking results of the three applications: gelation dynamics of cross-linkable hyaluronan acid (HA) hydrogels; Mechanical in-homogeneity and anisotropy in purified microtubule networks; and effects of drug treatment and temperature variation on the mechanical properties of in vitro human alveolar epithelial cells. In each case, micro beads inserted in the materials, or attached to the cell membrane were used as probes for optical trapping. The probe particle was set into a forced harmonic oscillation by oscillating optical tweezers. Position sensing optics and phase lock-in signal processing allow the determination of the amplitude and phase shift of the particle motion at high sensitivity. The complex mechanical modulus G* is then calculated from the amplitude and the phase shift. The rheometer system is capable of measuring dynamic local mechanical moduli in the broad frequency range of 1.3-1000 Hz at a sampling rate of 2 data point per second across a wide dynamic range (1~20,000 dyne/cm2). Integration of the rheometer system with spinning disk confocal microscopy enables the study of micromechanical properties and the microstructure of the sample simultaneously. Combination of dual-axis, piezo-electric activated mirror and 2-D position sensing detector gives the rheometer system the capability of investigating mechanical anisotropy in highly structured biological samples.


Ultrasonic flaw detection and imaging through reverberant layers are challenging problems owing to the layer-induced reverberations and front surface reflections. These undesired signals present a strong clutter and mask the flaw echoes. In this paper, a subspace-based approach is developed for removing, or significantly reducing, the unwanted reverberations, enabling proper flaw detection and imaging. The technique utilizes a set of independent clutter-only reference measurements of the material through the layer. If these measurements are not available, array measurements of the material with flaws are used instead. The clutter, due to its high strength relative to the flaw reflections, forms a subspace spanned by the eigenvectors corresponding to the dominant eigenvalues of the data covariance matrix. The clutter subspace is estimated and removed using orthogonal subspace projection. The clutter usually occupies multidimension subspace that is dependent on the level of coupling, material inhomogeneity, surface roughness, and the sampling rate of the measurements. When the clutter-only reference is not available, information theoretic techniques are used to estimate the dimension of the clutter subspace so that clutter signals are sufficiently suppressed without distorting the flaw signals. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is demonstrated using simulations and real measurement results.


This research presents new algorithms for generating radial basis function neural networks. Truncated gaussian functions are used as kernel functions to provide locally tuned non-linearities in the hidden layer of the networks. Robustness and efficiency of the algorithms are empirically established. A neural network based learning method should be able to both design and train a network appropriate to the task. The algorithms presented here use a statistics based heuristic scheme to design the networks and then use linear programming models to train the networks. Polynomial time complexity of the method is proven and computational results are provided for prediction of chaotic systems, prediction of noisy business time series, neuro-control applications, and pattern classification in varied domains of applications. Variations of the algorithm including more adaptive implementations are discussed.


The introduction of a connection-oriented (CO) service to high speed LANs and MANs is the prerequisite for a high quality of service (QOS) as well as an easy, efficient and robust interworking with ATM. Both aspects are essential in the long term evolution of the public broadband network. The characteristics of such a service and their implications on resource management and interworking are discussed.


Tinglizi jujube soup is composition of the Tinglizi,jujube,from ZHANG Zhong-jing' Essential Prescriptions of the Golden Chamber.In the treatment of pleural effusion,pulmonary edema,cerebral edema in critically ill patients in ICU,we have achieved good results.Tinglizi jujube soup has wide application,and safe to use.


We analyze the characteristic features of jam formation on a circular one-lane road. We have applied an optimal velocity model including stochastic noise, where cars are treated as moving and interacting particles. The motion of N cars is described by the system of 2N stochastic differential equations with multiplicative white noise. Our system of cars behaves in qualitatively different ways depending on the values of control parameters c (dimensionless density), b (sensitivity parameter characterising the fastness of relaxation), and α (dimensionless noise intensity). In analogy to the gas-liquid phase transition in supersaturated vapour at low enough temperatures, we observe three different regimes of traffic flow at small enough values of b < bcr. There is the free flow regime (like gaseous phase) at small densities of cars, the coexistence of a jam and free flow (like liquid and gas) at intermediate densities, and homogeneous dense traffic (like liquid phase) at large densities. The transition from free flow to congested traffic occurs when the homogeneous solution becomes unstable and evolves into the limit cycle. The opposite process takes place at a different density, so that we have a hysteresis effect and phase transition of the first order. A phase transition of second order, characterised by critical exponents, takes place at a certain critical density c = ccr. Inclusion of the stochastic noise allows us to calculate the distribution of headway distances and time headways between the successive cars, as well as the distribution of jam (car cluster) sizes in a congested traffic.


Abstract Wall thinning defects can occur in the pressure vessels used in a variety of industries. Such defects are related to the flow velocity. Considering the fact that such vessels constitute up to 70 or 80% of the plant structures in a power plant, it is important to measure internal defects as part of a safety evaluation. In this study, optical measurement were applied in a non-destructive evaluation using shearography to ensure the safety and improve the reliability of a power plant through the non-contact, non-destructive evaluation of pressure vessels. In order to verify whether the pressure vessels contained faults, experimental and analytical investigation were conducted to measure any internal defects and out-of-plane deformation from inner temperature changes and pressure changes in the piping of the circulation system. The most important factors in this research were the thickness, width, and length of a defect. An increase in these could confirm an increase in the deformation. Thus, internal defects in a pressure vessel were measured using shearography, which made it possible to ensure the reliability and integrity of the pipe.


The food industry faces serious problems regarding pest infestation leading to high storage loss of food commodities. Due to adverse impacts of chemical preservation methods, a promising physical method of food protection could be considered as an urgent need. This study investigated the effect of low-pressure (vacuum) on the mortality of adults of three stored product pests of drug store beetle (Stegobium paniceum L.), southern cowpea weevil (Callosobruchus chinensis L.) and red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum Herbst). The pests were exposed to 20 kPa and 10 kPa vacuum at 37 oC and 75% relative humidity. Mortality of the insects was recorded at 8 h and 32 h after vacuum treatments. There were significant differences (p 70% inside the vacuum chamber during treatments.


Background: Anemia represents a therapeutic challenge in patients with myelofibrosis (MF). ALK2 activation is associated with elevated hepcidin, which may contribute to anemia of chronic disease and anemia due to hematologic malignancies, and is associated with increased transfusion rate and reduced overall survival. This phase 1/2, open-label, multicenter, dose-escalation/dose-expansion study will evaluate the safety and tolerability of INCB000928, a potent, highly selective, ALK2 inhibitor, as monotherapy or combined with ruxolitinib in patients with anemia due to MF (INCB 00928-104; NCT04455841). Methods: Patients with histologically confirmed primary/secondary MF presenting with transfusion-dependent or symptomatic anemia will receive oral INCB000928 either alone (treatment group [TG] A) or combined with ruxolitinib (TGB). In TGA, patients must have intermediate (INT)-2 or high-risk (per Dynamic International Prognostic Scoring System [DIPSS]) disease that is intolerant, resistant, refractory, or has lost response to prior JAK inhibitor therapy (≥12 weeks). In TGB, patients must have received stable ruxolitinib therapy for ≥12 consecutive weeks before first dose and have INT-1/INT-2, or high-risk disease. Eligibility also requires age ≥18 y, ECOG PS 0-1 (dose-escalation) or 0-2 (dose-expansion), life expectancy >6 months, no other hematologic malignancy, no prior stem cell transplantation, no major surgery within 28 days, and no prior disease-directed therapy within 5 half-lives or 28 days of first dose. In Part 1 (dose escalation), TGA will receive INCB000928 monotherapy starting at 50 mg/day (28-day cycles). Dose-escalation will follow a Bayesian optimal-interval design to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and/or recommended dose for expansion (RDE). Dose increases not exceeding 2-fold will continue until Grade ≥2 treatment-related toxicity occurs. TGB will receive INCB000928 plus ruxolitinib; INCB000928 dose escalation will start 2 dose levels below the highest dose determined to be safe and tolerable in TGA. In Part 2 (dose expansion), the RDE in TGB will be evaluated in combination with ruxolitinib in ~25 patients; treatment will continue for ≤12 months, and may continue if clinically beneficial and no progression occurs. Primary objective is to determine the safety and tolerability of INCB000928 as monotherapy or combined with ruxolitinib. Secondary objectives are to determine the efficacy of INCB000928 as monotherapy or combined with ruxolitinib (anemia response, duration of anemia response, mean change from baseline in hemoglobin, and RBC transfusion rate through weeks 24 and 48); evaluate INCB000928 pharmacokinetics; and evaluate effects of INCB000928 as monotherapy or combined with ruxolitinib on hepcidin levels and other measures of iron homeostasis and erythropoiesis. Citation Format: Stephen T. Oh, Jean-Jacques Kiladjian, Francesca Palandri, Jason R. Gotlib, Sanjay Mohan, Haris Ali, Ekatherine Asatiani, Francis Seguy, Feng Zhou, Srdan Verstovsek. A Phase 1/2 Study of INCB000928 as Monotherapy or in Combination with Ruxolitinib in Patients with Anemia Due to Myelofibrosis (INCB 00928-104) [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2021; 2021 Apr 10-15 and May 17-21. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(13_Suppl):Abstract nr CT216.