Background/Aim. Affective temperament, social support and work-related stresors belong to the group of life and job satisfaction indicators. The aim of this research was to examine predictive roles of the basic affective temperament traits, social support and work-related stressors in the feeling of job and life satisfaction among doctors and psychologists. Methods. The sample consisted of 203 individuals out of whom there were 28% male and 72% female doctors (61%) and psychologists (39%), 25–65 years old (39.08 ± 9.29), from the two university towns in Serbia. The set of questionnaires included Serbian version of the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego – autoquestionnaire version (TEMPS-A), Satisfaction with Life scale, Job Satisfaction Survey, short Interpersonal Support Evaluation List, and Source of Stress at Work Scale (IRSa) for estimating the frequency of stressors at work. Results. According to the existing norms our examinees are satisfied with their life, but considerably less satisfied with their work, specially with pay and benefits, while they are most satisfied with nature of work itself and social relations with co-workers and supervisors. Our results show that depressive and hyperthymic, and to some extent cyclothymic temperament traits of the affective temperament significantly predict 21% of life satisfaction variance. Situational factors, such as stressors at work and social support, are important in predicting job satisfaction (58% of variance) with no significant contribution of temperament traits. The analysis did not point out any significant relation of sex, occupation, and age with life and job satisfaction. Conclusions. Affective temperaments can be regarded as predictors of life satisfaction, but in order to better predict satisfaction the aspects of wider social surrounding and sources of stressors at work must be taken in consideration. Future studies should consider other indicators of life satisfaction such as family or health satisfaction, stressors outside of work situations, and negative aspects of caregiving, for example hyperactivation. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br.
 III 47023: Kosovo and Metohija between national identity and European
 integration, br. 175014 i br. 175007]


Discusses the possibilities for using low profile absorbers and scatterers in reducing or disguising the radar signatures of helicopters. A number of trials have been carried out to examine the improvements achievable on a rotorfit basis. These trials have involved three types of treatment: transparencies, GRP fairings and rotors.


The author analyzes methods of cryptocurrency evaluation existing in foreign practice. Applicability of the comparative, income and cost approaches used in valuation activities, as well as possible methods within each of the approaches, is explored. It is determined that within the income approach, the discounted cash flow model and the exchange equation are applicable. The comparative approach involves the classic comparison of sales, while the cost approach contains two methods based on actual (energy cost method) and forecast (stock-flow ratio method) data.


Abstract This study investigated the effect of mandala coloring on the attention level of children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in Iran. This research was a quasi-experimental pre–post study (N = 38) with a control group. The results showed that mandala coloring statistically increased the attention level of children with ADHD both when compared to the control group and within the intervention group. Mandala coloring, as a complementary therapy, might be effective in improving attention in children with ADHD.


In order to further improve the performance of MEMS gyroscope, a novel demodulation algorithm all-phase Fast Fourier Transform (apFFT) based on FPGA is proposed to the digital control system, in which the drive detection signal and sensitive axis signal are demodulated respectively. Combining with automatic gain control (AGC) and phase-locked loop (PLL), the closed-loop drive control and high precision demodulated output of MEMS gyroscope have been implemented. A printed circuit board based on FPGA is manufactured and the corresponding experiment is carried out. The experimental results indicate that the digital control system with the apFFT demodulation algorithm of MEMS gyroscope achieves good performance. The amplitude variance of drive detection signal at room temperature is less than 2ppm. The relative error of phase difference between drive signal and drive detection signal is 33ppm. The bias stability of tested MEMS gyroscope is 2.62deg/h with the scale factor being 7.95mV/deg/s. The tested gyroscope with all-phase FFT demodulation algorithm has a better ARW performance of 0.16deg/h/Hz1/2 than that using multiplication demodulation algorithm with ARW performance of 1.04deg/h/Hz1/2. The Experiment verifies that the proposed apFFT demodulation algorithm is feasible and effective.


Focal adhesions (FAs) are multi-protein structures containing integrin that serve as a focal point for the association between the extracellular matrix (ECM) and actin cytoskeleton. After cells adhere to the ECM, the cell membrane forms filopodia and lamellipodia. Cells deficient in FA complexes show reduced lamellipodia dynamics and this deficiency influences cell migration. Lamellipodia dynamics have distinguishable stages of lamellipodia protrusion, retraction, and persistence. Particularly, cells with decreasing or absent FA formation commonly show longer persistence time as analyzed using computer-assisted stroboscopic analysis. These results indicate that after cells adhere to the substratum, the reduced lamellipodia dynamics associated with defective FA formation influences cell motility.


Quantum photonic resources are critical for advanced applications such as quantum computation, communication, and information processing. Efficient generation and detection of quantum states, as well as reliable photon manipulation techniques, are essential for the development of practical quantum technologies. Integrated photonic platforms offer attractive solutions due to their stability, small device footprint, and improved power efficiencies. However, optical loss and environmental noise hinder their capability to transmit, measure, and detect quantum states with high accuracies. To tackle these limitations, we have developed robust solutions for quantum signal processing by leveraging infrastructures from telecommunications and integrated photonics. These approaches focus on the use of silicon-based photonic sources for entanglement generation in the time and frequency degrees of freedom, as well as chip- and fiber-based architectures for entanglement verification via quantum interference and tomography measurements. Our photonic schemes allow for high-dimensional entanglement processing, demonstrating their versatility in developing scalable and cost-efficient quantum signal processing platforms.


K. C. Bennett, The Purging of Catharsis, Brir. J. Aesth. 21, 204 (198 1). Are there some problems that philosophers should give up trying to solve? K. C. Bennett thinks he may have found one, i.e. the nature of Aristotelian 'catharsis.' To be specific, Aristotle's work, the Poetics, is certainly one of the most discussed and admired work in the entire history of the philosophy of art. But the Poetics is incomplete and fragmentary, possibly made up of student notes. As Bennett says, there is a passage ' . . . in what is commonly designated chapter six of the Poetics, which usually reads something like this, "tragedy . . . arouses pity and fear, thereby performing a catharsis of these emotions'" @. 204). But, as he notes further, ' . . . what seems simple and direct can be full of pitfalls' @. 204). Critics and philosophers, for more than two thousand years since Aristotle wrote, have argued about what is meant by 'catharsis'. There is a medical use in which the term means purgation, and a religious use in which it means purification. And who or what is it that gets purified or purged? That is, does this happen to the audience (probably the most common position), or the author (or the actors or artists), or is catharsis a 'structural concept'? All of these have been suggested. And what is meant by pity and fear? Are these two emotions, or just one complex emotion? Does fear mean terror? Also, to add to the confusion, should the word translated 'these' in the quote be translated 'such' instead? That is, should the quote read ' . . . arouses pity and fear, thereby performing a catharsis of such emotions'? Does this mean the arts can perform their wondrous work on other emotions, not just pity and fear? Bennett's thesis seems to be that these questions are not only unanswerable, but also distracting. Critics and philosophers spend too much time, he thinks, discussing the sorts of questions raised by the text of the Poetics, and not enough time on questions they might be able to answer, 'Instead of belabouring the problem of purgation or purification, we need to ask different, more penetrating, questions about the whole emotive aspect of literature' (p. 21 1).


BACKGROUND. According to guidelines the optimal delay between the last dose of purgative and colonoscopy is no longer than 2-4 hours. Morning-only dosing of polyethyleneglycol solution (PEG) prior to colonoscopy versus standard split-dosing with nocturnal pause may be more acceptable for patient. AIM. To compare the efficacy, safety and tolerability of morning-only dosing regimen of 2 liter PEG plus ascorbic acid solution (PEG + Asc) 2 L to split-dose PEG + Asc 2 L for bowel preparation prior to colonoscopy. METHODS. This was a multicenter prospective endoscopist-blinded randomized non-inferiority study comparing morning-only to split dosing with nocturnal pause regimen of PEG + Asc 2 L (MOVIPREP ® ) for the bowel preparation prior to colonoscopy. The primary endpoint was successful colon cleansing where «Success» represented grades of bowel cleansing А and В according to Harefield Cleansing Scale© (HCS©). Clinically relevant non-inferiority margin was set at -15 % with one-sided significance level of 5 %. Secondary endpoints were general satisfaction/acceptability ofpatients with the preparationfor colonoscopy, as well as patient compliance and safety of the study drug. RESULTS. Overall 140 patients from 6 centers were enrolled in the study and randomized into two groups of 70 each. ITT analysis showed successful colon cleansing in 94,3 % in the morning-only group versus 91,4 % in the split-dose group. An estimated treatment difference was 2,9 %, 95 % lower confidence limit for the difference -9,7 % with the prespecified non-inferiority margin -15 % (p for non-inferiority <0.001). Furthermore 71,4 % ofpatients had the highest grade A colon cleansing according to HCS© in each group. In patients in the morning-only intake group, the time to first bowel motion following the first liter of PEG + Asc 2 L was shorter, with a median time of 1.08 hours, compared with 1.58 hours in the split-dose group (p<0,001). Nearly all of the patients treated in the morning-only dosing group (69/70) and in the split-dose group (67/70) received the study medication as planned. In general, the study drug was well tolerated in patients of both groups. At least one treatment-emergent adverse event was reported by 58,6 % of patients in the morning-only dosing group and by 61,4 % of patients in the split dosing group. The most frequently reported adverse events were typical gastrointestinal disorders (53,5 % of patients) and changes in laboratory tests (12,1 % of patients). No serious adverse events were reported in this study. CONCLUSION. Morning-only dosing regimen of PEG + Asc 2 L is non-inferior to split-dosing regimen in terms of colon cleansing and is safe and convenient for use as a bowel preparation prior to colonoscopy.


The cost that integrates investment of reactive equipments with active-power loss of electric power network is selected as objective function.The constraint concerning voltage profile is considered to investigate reactive-power planning problem.Compensation bus is selected firstly by modal analysis method and then maximum size of compensation capacitors is determined by voltage selection,the real size of compensation capacitors is determined by reactive power optimization model lastly.A mutative scale chaos optimization algorithm(MSCOA) is introduced.By continually reducing the searching space of variable optimized and enhancing the searching precision,the algorithm is of high efficiency.MSCOA is applied to reactive power planning of power system incorporating steady state voltage stability constraints and its effectiveness is validated by the simulation result of IEEE 14-bus system.Initial value cannot affect the convergency of MSCOW,and results of optimization almost keep same.


Motion planning problems have been studied in both the artificial intelligence (AI) and robotics communities. AI solvers can compute plans for hundreds of simple agents in minutes with suboptimality guarantees, while robotics solutions typically include richer kinodynamic models during planning, but are very slow when many robots and obstacles are taken into account. We combine the advantages of the two methods by using a two-step approach. First, we use and extend AI solvers for a simplified coordination problem. The output is a discrete plan that cannot be executed on real robots. Second, we apply a computationally efficient post-processing step that creates a continuous plan, taking kinodynamic constraints into account. We show examples for ground robots in a warehouse domain and quadrotors that are tasked with formation change.


21 Objectives : Antibiotics are too often prescribed in childhood respiratory tract infection (RTI), 22 despite limited effectiveness, potential side-effects, and bacterial resistance. We aimed to 23 reduce antibiotic prescribing for children with RTI by online training for general practitioners 24 (GP) and information for parents. 25 Methods : A pragmatic cluster randomised, controlled trial in primary care. The intervention 26 consisted of an online training for GPs and an information booklet for parents. The primary 27 outcome was the antibiotic prescription rate for children presenting with RTI symptoms, as 28 registered by GPs. Secondary outcomes were number of reconsultations within the same 29 disease episode, consultations for new episodes, hospital referrals and pharmacy dispensed 30 antibiotic courses for children. 31 Results : After randomisation, GPs of in total 32 general practices registered 1009 32 consultations. An antibiotic was prescribed in 21% of consultations in the intervention group, 33 compared to 33% in the usual care group, controlled for baseline prescribing (RR 0.65, 95% CI 34 0.46-0.91). The probability of reconsulting during the same RTI episode did not differ 35 significantly between the intervention and control group, nor did the numbers of consultations for 36 new episodes and hospital referrals. In the intervention group antibiotic dispensing was reduced 37 with 32 courses per 1000 children/year, compared to the control group, and adjusted for 38 baseline prescribing (RR 0.78, 95% CI 0.66-0.92). The numbers and proportion of second 39 choice antibiotics did not differ significantly. 40 Conclusion : A concise, feasible, online GP training, with an information booklet for parents 41 showed a relevant reduction in antibiotic prescribing for children with RTI. 42 This trial was registered at the Dutch Trial Register (NTR), registration number: NTR4240


Coverage of foreign affairs tends to focus on change, specifically how events change a country, a particular region or the world. We have been told that the end of the Cold War, the attacks of September 11th, Bush's decision to go to war in Iraq, the global economic crisis, the emergence of China as a global power and a few other events in the last twenty years have changed everything about the world.


A Chinese medicine in the form of particle, capsule, tablet, etc for treating the weakness and blood deficiency is prepared from Chinese angelica root, ginger and mutton. Its preparing process is also disclosed.


The measurement of permittivity and dielectric losses of recently available ceramic materials in the frequency range of 80-100-GHz is discussed. Design criteria for cylindrical dielectric resonators are given and, subsequently to measuring their characteristic absorption curves, unloaded Q-factors are calculated for resonators of different materials and aspect ratios. A short description of a 96-GHz bandpass filter gives an example for a typical application.<<ETX>>


Objectives: An abnormal transient ischemic ratio has been shown to be a clinically useful marker for severe and extensive coronary artery disease (S+E CAD) in many different myocardial perfusion im...


The design and operation of a straining rig to achieve uniform tensile stress in specimens properly aligned within an x‐ray diffractometer with vertical axis are presented. Experimental results are shown which indicate the suitability of the instrument for determinations of x‐ray stress constants or studies of lattice strain by diffraction.


Abstract This article considers the ways in which contemporary filmmakers such as Christian Petzold (Transit, 2018) and Aki Kaurismäki (Le Havre, 2011) experiment with narrative and stylistic strategies to tell their own story about a haunted Europe caught,
 yet again, in a paranoid policing of borders, and marked by an increasingly tense political climate that gave rise to nationalistic anxieties and exclusionary practices. Drawing on Jacques Derrida's Specters of Marx ([1993] 2006), and on Érik Bullot's and Thomas Elsaesser's concept
 of 'post-mortem' cinema, I argue that by blurring time frames and by allowing the future to coexist with past and present, films such as Transit and Le Havre give a new twist to the problematic of negotiating Europe's past. Deploying the trope of haunting, both films mobilize
 a critical attitude towards the complacency of our own times, alerting viewers to the imagined futures and dreams of various figures from the past and to their capacity to conceive of a world radically different from the one in which we currently live.


This paper presents a performance characteristic of a novel fast digital control dc-dc converter. It is able to detect the peak point of the reactor current at real time. The proposed circuit configuration is very easy. It is composed of a very low cost Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO), the programmable delay circuit and a few flip-flops. It is confirmed the main switch is turned off when the peak reactor current is detected. Furthermore it is shown that the proposed method has the superior transient response to control dc-dc converters. As a result, the undershoot of output voltage is suppressed to 28% compared with the conventional method's one. The convergence time is also improved to 76% compared with the conventional method's one.


On 25 August 2019, the Executive Committee of the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions (IFLA) endorsed and published a new IFLA Statement on Censorship. The statement had been drafted by the IFLA Freedom of Access to Information and Freedom of Expression (FAIFE) Advisory Committee over the course of the previous year. The present article describes the process of creating the statement, highlighting several questions that the committee had to consider along the way. For example, in choosing a definition of censorship, the committee decided to create one that was conceptually limited and linguistically neutral (in the sense of not simply borrowing the existing definition of a national association). As well, the committee needed to explain why censorship was problematic, essentially proposing that it offends against the library principle of equity of access to information. The committee also had to consider how to account for the apparent acceptability in most societies of some forms of censorship, in spite of the generally problematic nature of censorship, and proposed that, as suggested by the United Nations' Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Article 29, some limitations on liberties may be permissible for the general welfare of society – though not to the extent that the general concept of FAIFE is significantly compromised.


The present invention discloses one kind of disc flyer and shear force rotary engine. The disc flyer consists of inner disc and outer disc rotating at high speed around the inner disc. The outer disc includes shear force rotary engine, outer disc air path, outer disc flying wing and the outer disc part of the power generator; and the inner disc includes inner disc air path, flyer operation cabin, flying balance wing, the inner disc part of the power generator and main propelling engine. The shear force rotary engine drives the outer disc to rotate at high speed, the matched outer disc air path and inner disc air path prevent the inner disc from rotating, the outer disc flying wing and the outer disc air path produce lift force for the flyer to raise and land vertically, and the flyer may fly in optional direction. The fling principle and control method of the flyer is also disclosed, and the principle of the shear force rotary engine is also disclosed.


This research aims to determine the financial feasibility on the farming business of breeding balinese cattle who uses KUPS Credit Scheme. Data was collected through observation and interview. Respondents were all members of the "Satwa Winangun" farmers in Tangkas village, Klungkung Regency. Financial feasibility is determined by evaluating the eligibility criteria such: NPV, Net B/C, IRR, and payback period. The assessment was based on 2 calculation systems, (1) calculation of cash costs in which forage and labor are not calculated as the cost (existing condition), and (2) total cost calculation, in which two components are calculated as cost. Based on the calculation of cash costs, cultivation of Bali cattle by utilizing KUPS credit in this village is financially feasible to be implemented. This was indicated by the NPV value of Rp. 274.103.000, IRR 20.16%, Net B/C 1.55, and investments has been able to return within 3.52 years. The result of sensitivity analysis shows that as far as KUPS interest rate is lower than 18.37% per year, this farming is still financially feasible. Breakeven point can be achieved when the number of cattle parents maintained is 37, or when the price of calves at the age of 6 months is an average of Rp. 1.764.022 per cattle. However, based on the calculation of total cost, this farming system is not financially feasible. This is shown by the negative NPV of Rp. -285.721.000, IRR 2.87%, and Net B/C 0,54. This farming system is not financially feasible despite the 0% / year KUPS rate. The break-even point can be reached when the price of calves at the age of 6 months averages Rp. 4.288.367 per cattle.


We seem to be entering a twilight zone in the history of human consciousness - marked both by accelerating threats to human diversity and survival, and by new assertions of the human spirit from a variety of vantage points. Theoretical assumptions and categories through which human reality has been comprehended and shaped with such confidence have not only become obsolete, but have become stumbling


Nov. 20, 1995. 8 pgs.
Statistics Canada reports that Canadian universities are rapidly increasing tuition; Mike Harris begins his term as Premier of Ontario.
Contributers: Stu Clark, Robin Elliot, Bob Gold, Jane Gorley, Jennifer Harewood, Samer Muscati
Editor-in-Chief: Patrick Joly
Assistant Editors: Suzanne Hinks, Robert Goldkind, Julie Gauvin
Arts Editor: Nathalie-Roze Fischer
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Fiction and Poetry Editor: Michael F. Jursic
Photography Editor: John Wilson
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Article titles:
Painfully slow peace process
Settlement could affect Canadian students
Congressional circus (editorial)
Recipe of the week
Dispelling welfare myths
News in brief
Tuition freeze on continual up-surge
Entretien avec professeur McRoberts
Just nod Mike
Netnews
S.O.A.P. dance theatre Frankfurt bursts the bubble
Quoi faire
Three charity CDs worth investing in...
Three lines free
Poetry and fiction


The invention relates to an intelligent vision examination device, comprising two intelligent mobile terminals communicated with each other; a remote control input mobile terminal comprises a first Alljoyn communication unit, a gesture identification unit and a sound control identification unit; a display service mobile terminal comprises a second Alljoyn communication unit, an intelligent calculation grading unit and a vision icon display unit; the first Alljoyn communication unit and the second Alljoyn communication unit are respectively in charge of the communication between a remote control input terminal smart phone and a display service terminal smart phone. The invention aims to provide the intelligent vision examination device with the advantages that the convenience and interestingness of the vision examination are improved, and the cost of vision examination equipment and the manual cost are reduced.


This programme will focus on developing the physical literacy skills of young children through Gaelic games or soccer, giving them a firm foundation on which to build in future years. They may continue playing these sports as they grow and develop or they may move into other sporting areas. The programme hopes to develop in them an enthusiasm for sport and physical activity. There is also a strong emphasis on boosting the confidence and enjoyment of primary teachers in their approach to teaching Physical Education. Coaches from the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) and Irish Football Association (IFA) will work with schoolchildren between the ages of four and eight. Teachers will then work alongside the specialist coaches to plan, deliver and review the courses and will follow aspects through into class work and homework projects.


Introduction In today's industrial practice, many plants are suffering from process designs that were completed in times when energy conservation and pollution prevention were not yet key issues. Such plants were built with little regard for reuse of utilities such as heat or water, because these came at low cost and could easily be discharged. Recently, however, environmental protection policies and the awareness that resources for heat and water are limited have led to considerable efforts in the fields of process design and process integration. In a wide range of industries, Pinch Analysis is accepted as the method of choice for identifying medium- and long-term energy conservation opportunities. It first attracted industrial interest in the 1970s, against the background of rising oil prices. An engineering approach, but one incorporating scientific rigor, Pinch Analysis quantified the potential for reducing energy consumption through improved heat integration by design of improved heat-exchanger networks. Since then, Pinch Analysis has broadened its coverage to include reaction and separation systems in individual processes as well as entire production complexes. Today's techniques assess quickly the capital and operating-cost implications of design options that reduce intrinsic energy consumption, determine the potential for capacity debottlenecking, improve operation flexibility, and, most recently, quantify the scope for reduced combustion-related emissions. In addition, the same basic concepts have been extended to mass-transfer problems to give similar insights into waste minimization, with significant environmental implications. In this chapter, the fundamentals and some extensions of Pinch Analysis are briefly reviewed.


Conditions are found guaranteeing stability of a class of non-autonomous delay-differential systems. The principal result of this work is the construction of a functional, and the use of this functional to derive a set of theorems concerning the stability. To illustrate the results, some examples are given.


Abstract A more accurate X-ray diffraction pattern for the high speed steel carbide Fe3W3C is presented. This pattern includes the low angle reflections omitted from previous studies. A wider homogeneity range for the M6C carbide phase at 1200° C is suggested.


People around the world who seek to interact with large organisations increasingly find they must do so via mediated and automated communication. Organisations often deploy both mediated and automated platforms, such as instant messaging and interactive voice response systems (IVRs), for efficiency and cost-savings. Customer and client responses to these systems range from delight to frustration. To better understand the factors affecting people's satisfaction with these systems, we conducted a representative U.S. national survey ( N = 1321). We found that people overwhelmingly like and trust in-person customer service compared to mediated and automated modalities. As to demographic attitude predictors, age was important (older respondents liked mediated systems less), but income and education were not strong attitude predictors. For personality variables, innovativeness was positively associated with mediated system satisfaction. However, communication apprehensiveness, which we expected to be related to satisfaction, was not. We conclude by discussing implications for the burgeoning field of human-machine communication, as well as social policy, equity, and the pullulating digital services divide.


Objective To investigate the clinical therapeutic effect and mechanism of Shenfu injection on geriatric patients with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) and low serum level of thyroid hormone. Methods Forty-two elderly AECOPD patients with respiratory and / or heart failure and low serum level of thyroid hormone were randomly divided into the treatment group (22 cases) and control group (20 cases). The patients in the treatment group received 50 ml Shenfu injection and 5% glucose or normal saline intravenous drip once daily for 2 weeks, while the patients in the control group received conventional treatment only. The clinical therapeutic effects were observed, and the blood gas analysis, cardiorespiratory function parameters and serum levels of thyroid hormones in both groups were measured before and after the therapy. Results The total effective rate in the treatment group was much higher than that in the control group (91% vs 80%, P 0.05). After the therapy, the blood gas analysis, cardiorespiratory function parameters and serum levels of thyroid hormones in both groups all showed significant differences as compared to those before the therapy (all P 0.05), and partial pressure of oxygen, arterial partial pressure of CO2, arterial oxyhemoglobin saturation, forced expiratory volume in the 1st second, left ventricular ejection fraction, the mitral ratio of peak early to late diastolic filling velocity (E / A), B-type natriuretic peptide and total triiodothyronine in the treatment group were much better than those in the control group (all P 0.05). Conclusion Shenfu injection can correct hypoxia and carbon dioxide retention, ameliorate cardiorespiratory function,improve thyroid hormone levels, thereby bring a definite clinical curative effect in elderly AECOPD patients.


This paper addresses the construction of a novel approach to enhance learner motivation as it relates to the learning process. The foundational principles of motivation are discussed. The impact of instructional technology on student motivation through an innovative web-based problem-solving system is the main focus of this study. The development of the web-based problem-solving system and its evaluation process are considered for addressing the foundational principles of motivation. The proposed system is customizable to provide feedback to both students and instructors. The outcome of this research will help establish a suitable instructional design model of motivation for engineering students. The process also has prospects for applications in other disciplines.


We have fabricated unidirectional semiconductor ring lasers integrated with semiconductor optical isolators for magnetically reconfigurable all optical signal processing. The fabricated device showed lasing intensity modulation by reversing the direction of optical isolator.


The neutron capture cross sections for 207,208Pb have been measured in the neutron energy region from 10 to 110 keV. The γ-rays cascaded from a capture state to the ground state or low-lying states of 208,209Pb were observed for the first time, using an anti-Compton Nal(Tl) spectrometer and a TOF method. The observed discrete γ-ray energy spectra enabled us to determine neutron capture cross sections for 207,208Pb with small systematic errors, since we could distinguish γ-ray of 207,208Pb(n,γ) reactions from background γ-ray with use of the γ-ray spectra. The obtained cross sections include both contributions of resonance and direct capture components different from the previous TOF measurements.


1. Spores of Riella americana were germinated in water and studied mainly in the living condition. There is little or no swelling of the spore, but oil drops are present in great numbers and a large vacuole forms at a position opposite the point of rupture. 2. The spore ruptures at the middle of the outer face, and a germ tube containing great numbers of oil drops emerges through the spore wall, leaving a rounded opening. By apical growth a filamentous stage is produced, consisting of four to seven cells, which soon show numerous chloroplasts. The primary rhizoid originates from the germ tube between the spore and the nearest cross wall. 3. Beginning with the apical cell, most of the cells of the filament divide by longitudinal and cross divisions to form a broadened primary thallus one cell in thickness, the base of which remains as a meristematic zone. The secondary rhizoids develop as extensions of some of the cells between the spore and the broadened primary thallus. All rhizoids are smooth, colorless, and of uniform diameter. 4. The meristematic zone becomes localized at one or both sides, and one or two lateral outgrowths result which are one cell thick and in the same plane as the primary thallus, the tip of which is resorbed. The distal portion of the lateral outgrowth (away from the spore) becomes the wing of the adult plant, and the proximal margin (toward the spore) thickens by cell divisions in the third plane to form the stem. By a bending of the axis of growth the adult plant becomes erect or ascending. 5. The filamentous stage is radially symmetrical, and the primary thallus stage bilaterally symmetrical. The later stages, from the beginning of the lateral outgrowth to the adult plant, are not dorsiventral and are bilaterally symmetrical only in the plane of the wing. The wing is simply considered distal to the stem, using the position of the spore as a point of reference.


Structure and mechanical properties for binary blends composed of a poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) and a cellulose derivative, such as cellulose acetate propionate (CAP) and cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB), have been studied by means of dynamic mechanical analysis, isothermal crystallization measurements, and tensile testing. It is found that β relaxation temperature due to glass transition of PHB or PHB-rich phase in the blends, in which the cellulose derivative has lower molecular weight, is almost the same as that of the pure PHB. On the other hand, the peak location is shifted to even lower temperature than that of the pure PHB by blending the cellulose derivative with higher molecular weight, although the cellulose derivative is a glassy polymer with high glass transition temperature. Further, the blend with lower β relaxation temperature exhibits ductile behavior with low modulus in uniaxial deformation. The difference in the structure and mechanical properties for the blends are found to be determined by the crystallization rate. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 3447–3452, 2007


Access to quality training to become a lactation consultant is cumbersome due to systemic barriers. Strategically placing Pathway 2 programs at historically Black colleges and universities (HBCUs) will cause breastfeeding rates to rise for all. When the most marginalized people are valued in health care settings, all patients benefit.


With the ongoing development of new target techniques the extraction of refractory metals at ISOLDE has come within reach. At thick-target facilities such as ISOLDE the extraction of refractory species is challenging and has to be achieved by formation of a volatile molecules. Metal carbonyl M(CO)x compounds are a promising approach for a range of refractory metals such as molybdenum, technetium, ruthenium, rhodium, osmium and iridium [1] . For this LOI we will focus on molybdenum hexacarbonyl as a representative test case. One of the crucial ∗firstname.lastname@example.com


Soil-geomorphological mapping is a reliable tool for analyzing the patterns of soil distribution in various parts of Earth's surface. Cryogenic and watershed areas are the most dynamic landscapes with relatively rapid transformation under the influence of climate change and river activity. The soil-geomorphological map obtained by unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) imaging, classical soil sections, geomorphological observation, and determination of the main chemical parameters of soils are presented. Mapping of the spatial distribution was performed using QGIS 3.22, SAGA GIS 7.9.1, and ArcGIS 10.6 software. The investigation of soil cover was performed according to WRB soil classification. From the obtained data, four types of soils were identified due to their position in the relief and chemical parameters. The dominant soil type is Folic Cryosol (Siltic) (41.1%) which is formed on the periglacial landscape of wet polygons on Samoylov Island. The application of high-resolution UAV imaging to construct soil-geomorphological maps is the most relevant method for analyzing soils formed in cryogenic, watershed, and mountainous landscapes. Based on SOC distribution, it was found that the highest SOC content corresponds to Holocene terrace (Cryosol and Histosol soil types), in areas that are not subject to the flooding process. According to the analysis of the chemical composition of soils, it was found that the main elements accumulating in the soil are SiO2, Al2O3, CaO, and K2O, which have a river origin. The soil-geomorphological maps can be used to analyze the reserves and contents of organic and inorganic components with high accuracy.


The article summarizes the experience of 4 years of work on setting up the Metatrder 5 Internet terminal tools for a multitrading system, which was developed to increase the effectiveness of price change forecasts in the Forex market by applying a set of interrelated technical analysis indicators to data of different time scales (timeframes), as well as to optimization of work with a variety of financial instruments, with the simultaneous use of multiple accounts. Possible ways of integrating technical and fundamental analysis tools, advantages and disadvantages of using mathematical models to predict changes in prices of financial instruments are discussed. A unidirectional (monophasic) price change is proposed to be called the term "oscillation". To integrate classical Elliott wave models and harmonic patterns, the concept of a block consisting of 8 oscillations distributed between 2 packages has been introduced. It was found that a series of 4 blocks form modules with a variable structure. Alternative options for the distribution of block oscillations between trend and correction packages are discussed to be consistent with the Dow theory of driving factors and stages of price change. A method of target distribution of 16 technical analysis indicators of various types (oscillators, trend indicators, volume indicators) over 4 sections of the Analytical window: "Price", "Oscillation", "Trend" and "Control" is proposed. The main principle in the formation of complex indicators is the unmasking of trends of oscillating indicators by applying trend indicators to their data. The ways of setting up the technical analysis indicators involved to optimize their use as part of complex trend indicators are described in detail. Recommendations are given for determining a trading group from three adjacent Analytical windows in a 6- window Analytical display to optimally select a trading timeframe in accordance with the operational situation. Examples of using complex indicators for generating trading signals for opening and closing deals are given. The results of preliminary experiments on the use of complex indicators and Fibonacci levels to determine pivot points when building price channels are discussed. Plans have been outlined to create a unified methodology for the formation of various price channels using complex indicators, Fibonacci levels, Elliott waves and harmonic patterns.


Based on the basic concept of loop filter,the paper mainly discusses the design method of the parameter of a charge pump phase-locked loop loop filter(concluding one order,two order,three order).According to compare with the design method of the parameter of closed loop,it puts forward a kind of design method which is the design method of the parameter of the opened loop,and make a summary.At last,making use of the Virtuoso series of the Cadence firm mainly to two order without source low-pass filter carry on imitate really,the accuracy of this method is verified,there is certain practical value.


Tertiary amines with a fully sp2-hybridized nitrogen as central atom and acceptor-substituted phenyl or diazabiphenyl units as peripheral groups (hereafter shortly referred to as "sidewing-octupoles") exhibit relatively high β values at short absorption wavelengths. Donor substitution of those sidewings results in a drop in the first hyperpolarizability β at comparable absorption wavelengths. One of the octupoles investigated has three chiral carbon atoms so that it should crystallize in a noncentrosymmetric structure. This is interesting since there is no other way to obtain macroscopic χ(2) structures from octupolar molecules due to the lack of a permanent dipole moment. The first hyperpolarizability β of these octupolar molecules has been measured via the recently developed hyper-Rayleigh-scattering technique (HRS) at 1064 nm.


Different types of fillers with high electrical and thermal conductivities, e.g. graphite and alumina, have been added to adhesive polymers to create composite materials with improved mechanical and electrical properties. Previous modeling efforts have found that it is relatively difficult to predict the effective thermal conductivity of a composite polymeric material when incorporated with large volume content of fillers. We have performed comprehensive computational analysis that models the thermal contacts between fillers. This unique setup can capture the critical heat conduction path to obtain the effective thermal conductivity of the composite materials. Results of these predictions and its comparison with experimental data will be presented in this paper.Copyright © 2008 by ASME


The aim of the present work is to present radar cross section measurements of flat plates painted with radar absorbing material (RAM) in the range of 8-12 GHz. The measurements were carried out in an anechoic chamber at Centro Tecnico Aeroespacial (CTA)-Ministerio da Defesa facilities, and the RAM coating was manufactured at Divisao de Materiais of Instituto de Aeronautica e Espaco (IAE)/CTA. The obtained attenuation results from the RAM painted plates characterization were transformed in radar cross section diagram, in square meters, using theoretical values of reflectors with controlled dimensions. The obtained results demonstrate the RAM coating causes a radar cross section reduction of 94% of the radiation, when impinged at normal incidence, at 8 GHz.


Odin has successfully observed the molecular core ρ  Oph A in the 572.5 GHz rotational ground state line of ammonia, NH 3 ($J_K = 1_0 \rightarrow 0_0$). The interpretation of this result makes use of complementary molecular line data obtained from the ground (C 17 O and CH 3 OH) as part of the Odin preparatory work. Comparison of these observations with theoretical model calculations of line excitation and transfer yields a quite ordinary abundance of methanol, X ($\rm CH_3OH)= 3 \times 10^{-9}$. Unless NH 3 is not entirely segregated from C 17 O and CH 3 OH, ammonia is found to be significantly underabundant with respect to typical dense core values, viz. X ($\rm NH_3) = 8 \times 10^{-10}$.


A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram-positive, cocci shaped bacteria in the phylum Firmicutes. This species is motile, non-spore forming, catalase negative, esculin positive, hippurate positive, does not produce hydrogen sulfide, does not reduce nitrate and does not hydrolyze casein, gelatin or urea. E. casseliflavus has been isolated from plants, silage, soil and is commensal in the human GI tract, but has been associated with various human infections and has low level vancomycin resistance.


Diastereoselective reductions of chiral α-ketoamides (3) derived from (S)-proline esters (2) with sodium borohydride were examined. Hydrolysis of the reduction products afforded optically active α-hydroxy acids (5) in good enantiomeric excesses (e.e.). The most influential factor of the asymmetric induction was the effect of using a mixed hydroxylic and non-hydroxylic solvent. The degree of asymmetric induction varied considerably with the ratio of alcohol and tetrahydrofuran (THF) in the mixed solvent. With aromatic ketoamides (3), higher asymmetric induction occurred in a mixed alcohol–THF solvent than in the corresponding individual solvents.


Abstract : Volume I of this report describes the results of a 30-month program to design and evaluate integral engine inlet separators in 2, 5, and 15 lb/sec sizes. The separators are designed to remove sand, dust, and single foreign objects from the air entering a turboshaft engine. Program effort included: (1) Definition of turboshaft engine environment in terms of amounts and types of ingested materials. (2) Mechanical and aerodynamic design trade-off studies of integral engine separators followed by full-scale model performance tests of 2 and 15 lb/sec separators. (3) Detailed design and procurement of 2, 5, and 15 lb/sec separators, and design and procurement of improved components. (4) Model tests of the separators to obtain detailed aerodynamic and off-design performance data. (5) Preparation of a separator design guide for integral engine separators in the 2 to 15 lb/sec size range. The design guide (including environment definition) is presented in Volume II of this report. Volume I documents all other aspects of the program.


Natural Language Processing enables computers to understand human natural languages and assists humans to perform many tasks, such as information retrieval, question answering, automatic summarization, text categorization, machine translation, etc. To our knowledge, there is still no NLP employed on the application of translating negative sentimental statements into positive sentimental statements with similar semantics although it is an important application in communications between humans. In this paper, we propose the concepts and implementations of translating negative sentimental statements into positive sentimental statements. First, we build negative-positive sentimental statement data sets for a sentiment translation model. Then, the sentiment translation model is trained using deep learning techniques. In the experiments, we use perplexity, BLEU, and subjective human assessments to evaluate the model, and the experimental results are satisfactory. Finally, we think the methods employed in translating sentimental statements are feasible if the trained data sets can be built as expected, and more advanced models are developed.


For many years, it was assumed that cells of the immune system were excluded from the central nervous system (CNS) and thus immune reactions did not occur at this site. Currently, it is widely accepted that the immune system can gain access to and function within the CNS. A growing body of work now supports that the immune system is present in the brain in the steady state. Beyond serving a role in immune surveillance, the immune cells appear to promote neurological function. Under infl ammatory conditions, immune cells enter the CNS and, depending on the context, may provide protection or cause tissue pathology. For example, following several infections, the immune system is required to control pathogen replication within the CNS and prevent disease. On the other hand, autoimmune reactions in the CNS, such as multiple sclerosis, cause debilitating tissue destruction. Beyond infection and autoimmune disease, the immune system appears to be involved in many neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease. Thus, the factors that support lymphocyte entry and function in various set- tings of neuroinfl ammation are of great interest. In the following chapter, immune cell entry and behavior within the brain will be discussed, with a focus on the role of adhesion molecules and chemokines in this process.


The numerical model of rectangular box drawbead forming was established.The fixed and variable drawbead forming was simulated and the simulation was verified by engineering experiment.The results and error were analyzed.The technology of variable draw bead was carried out based on adjusting the height of draw bead.So sheet metal formability can be exploited fully and products quality was improved.


This paper documents some pilot projects using on-campus e-mail to teach communicative English writing to Japanese junior college students. The purpose of this case study is to find how on-campus e-mail can be effectively implemented in order to motivate students to write more communicatively in English. The projects have been carried out in three stages; (1) a preparation period, (2) a pilot project with a small group of students, and (3) writing activities in two courses in larger classrooms with two formats, one with e-mail format, and another with the combination of paper and e-mail formats. This study will report what kind of activities can be provided and which media can be utilized in order to teach communicative writing effectively to various groups of students. The paper will also discuss the benefits of using e-mail for the language teacher, such as obtaining necessary data on student writing, and giving instructive feedback to the students more promptly.


The article discusses issues related to the necessary stage components of designing business games for teaching students to build an integrated information security system at an enterprise: features of the analysis of the initial data of an economic entity, the need to conduct a risk assessment in the context of the dynamics of the external world, ensuring the variability of building a protection strategy, forming an objective assessment the effectiveness of the protection system built by the participants.


A method is described by which the rate of degradation of different kinds of cellulose fibers was determined in aquatic environments. The fiber samples were enclosed in small bags of nylon fabric with a fine mesh and weight losses of bags placed in water or sediments were measured over periods of several months. Newly processed pulp fibers were rapidly degraded in aerobic, nutrient-rich water whereas previously dried pulp and fibers derived from cotton were degraded more slowly. Lignin-containing mechanical pulp was hardly degraded at all. Cellulose decomposition was slow in unpolluted sea water and in the heavily polluted, anaerobic water outside a paper mill but relatively rapid both in the anaerobic water and the sediment of a nutrient-rich lake. The applications and limitations of the bag method in studies of decomposition processes in aquatic ecosystems are discussed.


Today, information resources have become the important fortune in all the departments. It is essential and urgent for an enterprise to develop an effective information system which is able to deal with all the information from every department. The paper presents how to connect a database based on the DBMS of Oracle using the object model of ADO in Visual Basic, and then realize the other functions of PDM system.


Abstract Background Survivors from Ebola virus disease (EVD) may be at the origin of EVD resurgence. Methods Simultaneous reactivity to at least 2 Ebola virus or Zaire ebolavirus (EBOV) antigens was detected in 11 of 488 (2.3%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1–4.0) suspected EVD patients who were discharged as negative after 2 consecutive negative tests during the 10th Ebola outbreak in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Results After extrapolating the total number of individuals discharged as negative during the entire outbreak, we estimated a total of 1314 additional missed Ebola cases. Conclusions These findings emphasize the usefulness of an EBOV serology analysis and the importance of extending epidemic surveillance to clinically suspected cases who were discharged as negative.


The lower to middle Miocene Branch Canyon formation is a light-gray, medium to thick-bedded, medium to coarse-grained, fossiliferous sandstone that crops out in the Caliente Range, the Sierra Madre, and the Sespe Creek areas of the Coast and Transverse Ranges, California. The type section, west of Branch Canyon in the Sierra Madre, contains three conformable formational units: (1) a lower, light-brown, silty shale that is +/- 90 m (+/- 300 ft) thick and may correlate with the Soda Lake Shale Member of the Vaqueros Formation, (2) a middle, light-gray, structureless, unnamed sandstone unit that is +/- 75 m (+/- 250 ft) thick, and (3) the true Branch Canyon Sandstone, as recognized in this report, that is +/- 750 m (+/- 2450 ft) thick. Eastward from the type section, a thick lens of Monterey Shale intervenes conformably between the true Branch Canyon and the underlying unnamed sandstone. Conformably overlying the Branch Canyon at its type section is the Santa Margarita Formation. The Branch Canyon achieves its maximum thickness at the type section; to the east it is thinner because of the presence of an intraformational parallel unconformity. North of the Sierra Madre in the eastern Caliente Range, the Branch Canyon Sandstonemore » contains three basalt flows that date the top of the unit at around 17-14 Ma. The depositional environments of the Branch Canyon in the Caliente Range are shoreface to foreshore on the front of a prograding, wave-dominated delta. Unconformably overlying the Branch Canyon Sandstone are the nonmarine delta deposits of the Caliente Formation. South of the Sierra Madre at Sespe Creek, the Santa Margarita formation lies in slightly angular unconformity on the Monterey Shale. The basal member of the Santa Margarita Formation here is correlative with the upper part of the Branch Canyon. The unconformities at the three localities are a reflection of the same tectonic event.« less


Abstract : Matching in-vivo mpMRI to whole embedded RP sections is a challenging technical process given the vast difference in image resolution and scale. This process iscritical for evaluating new imaging modalities. Our initial findings illustrate the potential of the stretched exponential model parameters to better characterize high-grade prostate cancer. Additional work is underway to establish the correspondence between the DDC and a-maps with histological sections of the entire prostate gland.


The generation of DEG in polyester happens mainly in esterification reaction,especially in esterification reaction 1.In production,only optimization assembly of EG/PTA mole ratio,temperature,rententions time(leveles)and pressure can achieve the effective control of DEG content.It was found that the assembly of lower EG/PTA mole ratio,higher temperature and lower materials level in esterification reation 1 is beneficial.


This volume offers the results of an in-depth migration survey which was conducted in the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone and in Foshan City of Guangdong Province of Southern China in July 1993. It focuses on issues little studied before such as subjective migration reasons as opposed to official migration channels job searching avenues and information flows economic behavior and performance of migrants their social characteristics subjective appraisals and adaptability in places of destination. The main emphasis is on employment and income developments. Non-migrants are covered to provide a framework for reference. The findings are contained in a first analysis of major relationships as well as 118 tables and figures.... (EXCERPT)


We define and study the properties of the category of formal Hodge structure of level ≤n following the ideas of Barbieri-Viale who discussed the case of level ≤1. As an application, we describe the generalized Albanese variety of Esnault, Srinivas, and Viehweg via the group Ext1 in . This formula generalizes the classical one to the case of proper but not necessarily smooth complex varieties.


This dissertation comprises three essays in public finance. The first essay is a research of a theory of trading of club goods and its application to jurisdiction. The second essay comes out of an interest regarding household demand, poverty and public goods in developing countries. It is about food consumption in Jamaica. The third essay extends the theme of poverty, consumption, and government programs by analyzing one other public program—education. It applies survival analysis to estimate education duration in Jamaica.


I HE PRACTISING engineer is vitally concerned with education because the young graduates are trained to meet the specifications of his profession, to join its ranks, and to work beside him in the years to come. He should give advice therefore as to the economic and professional content and interrelation of the programs.


This research deals with school bullying which is understood as aggressive and inappropriate behavior among people, which leads to problems in the integral and optimal development of a person. Currently this is a relevant and necessary topic to investigate. The purpose of this investigation is to determine which are the most frequently used strategies by first grade teachers, in order to prevent school bullying among five to six-year-old children. To accomplish this, a survey was applied to six teachers, three from a public institution and three from a private institution. Once the results were gathered we compared the two groups am determined the most utilized strategies. Additionally, we reviewed some programs that prevent school bullying, which are barely known in our society.


"2009 ACC/AHA focused update on guideline of perioperative cardiovascular evaluation and care for noncardiac surgery" has provided clinicians the main subjects about perioperative managements of noncardiac surgery in patients with cardiac diseases recently. This review focuses the following 4 topics: (1) assessment of risk for noncardiac surgery in patients with cardiac diseases; (2) perioperative management strategy for noncardiac surgery in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD); (3) perioperative medical therapy for hypertension; (4) Use of perioperativeβ-blockers in patients undergoing noncardiac surgery.


OBJECTIVE
To define the elements of successful laparoscopic cholangiography.

DESIGN
Retrospective review of 130 consecutive patients who underwent laparoscopic cholangiography.

SETTING
Community hospital with a surgical residency.

PATIENTS
Thirty-four males and 96 females, aged 16 to 86 years, with acute and chronic cholecystitis.

INTERVENTION
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy during intraoperative cholangiography.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE
A cholangiogram that satisfactorily delineates biliary anatomy as defined by accepted radiologic criteria.

RESULTS
A successful laparoscopic cholangiogram was obtained in 98.5% of the study group.

CONCLUSION
A safe and reliable technique to obtain a laparoscopic cholangiogram is described and validated using accepted radiologic criteria.


Cataract is one of the commonest overt maladies connected in the impairment of vision. Cataract is a progressive clouding of the human lens inside the eye. The lens is a small oval like structure and consists of a thin capsule enveloping a bag of protein. The protein is crystal clear and colorless at birth but discolors and clouds with age: first yellow, then brown, and finally cloudy. When the lens becomes cloudy and interferes with vision, it is called a cataract. The lens no longer transmits or focuses light clearly.


This paper uses industry chain theory to analyze the product strategy of Jiang Xiao Bai. Research shows that Jiang Xiao Bai has the advantages of the flavour meets the needs of young people, upgrade manufacturing process, development in product R&D and the internet brand communication. In order to improve the current situation of Jiang Xiaobai's product strategy and the effectiveness of Jiang Xiaobai's industry chain strategy. This paper puts forward some countermeasures to improve the structure, strengthen product innovation, speed up new product development and deepen brand communication. Relevant conclusions can provide reference for other liquor enterprises.


Background: Periconceptional folic acid supplementation has been recommended over decades for prevention of neural tube defects. The awareness and knowledge regarding this recommendation seems, however, to be unsatisfactory. Objectives: The aim of the current study was to evaluate awareness and knowledge of Periconceptional folic acid supplementation among childbearing age females attending Iskan primary health center, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out between November 1st to December 31st, 2014 included a representative sample of women attending the out-patient clinics of Iskan primary health care center. They were subjected to an interview questionnaire, which included socio-demographic data as well as multiple choice questions regarding the awareness and knowledge about folic acid. Results: The study included 494 women. Their age ranged between 18 and 49 years with a mean±SD of 29.9±7.9 years. Of them, 439 (88.9%) have ever heard about folic acid, while 55 (11.1%) have never heard about it. 40.5% of the women had insufficient knowledge regarding folic acid.Higher educated women, those having information from physicians, journals or internet, and those having history of ever pregnancy were more likely to have sufficient information regarding folic acid. Conclusion: Awareness and knowledge about folic acid and the benefit of its supplementation during pregnancy among women seems to be rather satisfactory. The awareness and knowledge need, however, to be raised, in general, and regarding the timing of administration during pregnancy, in


We live in an interconnected world, like a butterfly effect what happens in certain areas of the world reflects in others. These (inter)connections go beyond a globalization for capitalist ends, the world goes beyond the correlations between society. The present work aims to demonstrate an analysis derived from studies on the effects of climatic events and anomalies in the Equatorial Pacific Ocean on ENSO, which causes socio-environmental disasters in La Niña years, in the State of Alagoas, Northeast Brazil – NEB; through data obtained through the Center for Weather Forecasting and Climatic Studies - CPTEC, from the National Institute for Space Research - INEP, as well as through Weather Spark reports and data from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics - IBGE, among others. Research warns that in years of La Niña and/or El Niño, the Northeast region of Brazil is susceptible to the occurrence of environmental disasters, whether caused by strong rainfall levels that cause flooding, inundation, and landslides of masses called hydrometeoric. Drought and/or drought are defined as climatic effects. In Alagoas, natural disasters occur either due to hydrometeoric or climatic effects. The same, leave hundreds of people homeless, homeless, sick and even in deaths always from the occurrence of natural disasters. With this, two years were analyzed, 2000 and 2010, for the disasters arising from extreme hydrometeoric effects in the state of Alagoas. According to data analyzed from specialized meteorological agencies, we identified the year 2000 and 2010 as the La Niña period, that is, responsible for part of the events in socio-environmental disasters arising from the high rainfall that occurred, causing overflows in the main rivers in Alagoas.


—The lack of 4G and 5G communication infrastructure in rural and remote areas aggravates the digital divide. Satellite communication forms an important technology to achieve the universal goal of connecting the digitally unconnected population through global coverage. The key advantages of satellite communication include wide network coverage and availability. We propose a Space-Based Hosting Service (SBHS) approach to deploy the content-servers or copies of terrestrial content-servers in space modules such as satellites to achieve the low-latency service requirements. For SBHS, we develop mathematical models for communication, queuing, and computation. We use B+ tree to estimate computational delay and computational energy consumption of the content-server. Further, we design an optimization algorithm using Markov Decision Process (MDP) for minimizing the queuing delay and computational energy consumption. The efficacy of our SBHS is tested with the Wikipedia case-study using the Iridium-NEXT satellite constellation model. Extensive simulations are carried out to analyze end-to-end delays for various countries using the SBHS approach. Simulation studies show minimum end-to-end delays of 6.56 ms and 23.66 ms achieved for the United Kingdom (UK) using text-based and multimedia-based traffic, respectively. The simulation results revealed the benefits of hosting a content-server in space for achieving ultra-low latency compared to traditional satellite-based web services.


Answer: No. Because the categories of proved, probable and possible reserves have different levels of certainty, it is not appropriate to sum up the individual deterministic estimates for these reserves into one total reserve estimate. The individual estimates for each category should be disclosed as separate estimates, with the difference in certainty for each estimate fully explained. [Oct. 26, 2009]


In today's world scenario, there is a growing recognition that career development skills can help individuals to meet the constantly changing needs of the labor market and maintain the organisation employability so that they can achieve their aspirations and participate in the community. Most people need support to help them take advantage of opportunities that present throughout their career. The Career Development process, and provides career planning resources that can help the Organisation and their intervention set career goals and develop career plans. This purpose of the study is to study the Career Development program in NGO's. For the purpose 90 respondents were selected using convenient random sampling including managers and executives. A structured questionnaire was administered to the respondents and the primary data is collected. The secondary data is collected through various sources like magazines, journals, company records etc. These data are collected and based on the analysis made and the suggestions are given. By Dr. (Mrs.) S. Nirmala, M.B.A., M.Phil., Ph.D., Associate Professor and Head of the Department, Department of Business Management, P.S.G.R. Krishnammal College for Women, Coimbatore & Mrs. I.M.Christina Febiula, M.B.A, M.Phil(Pursing).


Data from 92 postglacial pollen sequences are used to map the spread and increase of alder (Alnus glutinosa) across the British Isles between 9000 and 5000 years ago. The spread is found to be patchy and erratic in space and time. Consideration of the habitat requirements and reproductive ecology of alder suggest that it spread within Britain and Ireland after about 10 000 yr BP, when suitable habitat for it was scarce. Alder spread across most of Britain and Ireland early in the postglacial but only increased in abundance as (i) suitable habitat became available through changing sea levels, hydroseral successions, and floodplain development, and as (ii) rare weather events produced the necessary conditions for reproduction. Alder is unique among British and Irish trees in its requirement for a suitable habitat isolated among expanses of unsuitable habitats. Because of this, maps of its postglacial population spread and increase do not show the spatial coherence of maps for other forest tree taxa.


There may in general be said to be two ways in which progress may be made in the understanding and towards the solution of a problem. The one is that of the continual development of it in the form originally given to it, by confirming this and rejecting that point in the light of fresh evidence, by clarification of concepts, and by detecting and resolving ambiguities and inconsistencies. Here it is assumed that the standpoint from which the problem has been approached is relevant and adequate. The other is entered upon when an "impasse" has been reached which can only be avoided by the realization that the original question was asked in a way which was either partially or wholly false or misleading. This is the more radical way of partial or total reformulation of the problem to be solved.


Purpose: To develop a simple software tool which allows quantitative analysis and comparison of multiple treatment plans using physical and biological parameters. Method and Materials: When comparing multiple IMRT and/or conventional radiotherapy plans, it is often difficult to choose the best plan by visual inspection of DVHs and associated statistics such as "hot spots" and "cold spots". Comparison of multiple rival IMRT and 3D plans can become a cumbersome process, particularly if different planning systems are used for each. To overcome these problems, we developed a Java‐based software tool called MPACT (Multi‐parameter Plan Analysis and Comparison Tool) to evaluate treatment plans using physical and biological parameters. MPACT directly imports patient and DVH information from the treatment planning system(s) and calculates gEUD (generalized Equivalent Uniform Dose), HI (Homogeneity Index), and CI (Conformity Index). The user may import as many plans as desired and compare these parameters for all plans on one screen. Results: MPACT has been used to assess the clinical advantage of breast IMRT for the first 10 patients treated at our center. While DVH analysis did not often reveal significant differences or provide an easy means for quantitative comparison, MPACT revealed that IMRT provided an 8% increase in the average target gEUD, 3% and 1% decreases in lung and heart gEUD, respectively, and a 3% increase in the average HI and CI in comparison to conventional compensator plans. Conclusion: MPACT provides a convenient mechanism for plan comparison for any treatment site, and facilitates an objective, quantitative decision‐making process. It has proven to be a valuable tool for comparison of conventional and IMRTradiotherapy plans or multiple competing IMRT plans. The addition of TCP and NTCP calculation functionality is currently underway, and MPACT will ultimately serve as a platform for a plan optimization system using these calculated parameters.


Active forms of vitamin D derivatives in addition to the traditional role in calcium homeostasis play an role in cellar differentiation. The hydroxylation at C-1α-position of vitamin D molecule is essential to elicit the physiological activities. We have developed a new method for the selective 1α-hydroxylation process in the steroidal molecule via enol esterification rearrangement of the 1, 4, 6-trien-3-ones. This review deals with the syntheses of important intermediates for the preparation of active forms of vitamin D and their conversion into the active forms of vitamin D. The steroidal synthon, 1α, 3β-dihydroxy-5, 7-choladiene derivatives obtained from ergosterol or stigmasterol was converted into the various active forms of vitamin D compounds by coupling with phenylsulfonyl derivatives. Similar treatment of pregnenolone afforded (20R and 20S)-1α, 3β-dihydroxy-5, 7-pregnadiene derivatives.According to the procedure described here, 1α-hydroxy and 1 a, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D2, D3, D4, and D7, 24-epi-1α, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D2, 1α, 24dihydroxyvitamin D3, 24, 24-dihomo-1α, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and 1α, 25-dihydroxy-2β-(3-hydroxypropoxy) vitamin D3 were synthesized.


(57) Abstract: The invention relates to a precipitate was dried as a precursor to the liposome vesicles, the precursor is expanded structure of the three-dimensional having a bulk density 0.01~0.01g / cm The present invention one or more at least more film forming lipids also one is dissolved in an organic solvent solution and without in the reactor, without a solvent dimensional porous lipid structure inflated by evaporating the lipid deposit is contacted with an aqueous carrier phase, it serves as a material support or foundation surface for the deposition of lipids produced by the method and the present invention for producing a liposome vesicles incorporating carrier phase, array of chewed or It relates to an apparatus comprising an inert packing.


The 2011 Learning Solutions Conference brought out more than 1000 attendees and engaged countless others, who were unable to attend, thanks to social media. Using the hashtag #ls2011, users populated the Twitter backchannel with live updates from the conference. Thus providing access to sessions dedicated to all things learning.


Electro-Hydraulic Systems (EHS) are widely used in aerospace industry. Prognostics and timely fault diagnostics of EHS can significantly reduce the manufacturing and maintenance of parts in an aircraft. In this paper, a fault detection and diagnostics procedure for electro-hydraulic actuators is presented. The approach is based on using adaptive observers and on-line parameter identification. Instead of traditional approaches of identifying all model parameters in a single step, we proposed a two-step identification to significantly improve the convergence rate. We used a model of electro-hydraulic actuator including a two-stage servo-valve. We showed the limitations of the current practice for fault detection, and the improvements gained using the proposed Matrix Regressor Adaptive Observer (MRAO) approach.


There exists a necessity to increase a helicopter pilot's safety during mine countermeasure operations. Models have been developed for scenarios involving a cable that is fully submerged in either air or water, but there has been very little testing when the cable is partially submerged. This change in fluid type along the length of the cable has a significant impact on the stability and drag forces that has not yet been extensively studied. A series of experimental investigations examining speed, acceleration, length of cable and path of motion were paired with predictions from a simulation for the purpose of developing a predictive tool. These tests characterized the stability of the body, indicating that acceleration is a governing factor in the operability of the towed sonar. The simulation developed to predict the behavior of the helicopter towed submerged body predicts the fundamental behavior of the body, but does not capture hydrodynamic instabilities that result in the body leaving the water.


or rhinitis who has negative skin tests, or whose skin tests show only minor reactions to concentrated extracts of dust, must be considered separately from the pollen-sensitive patient. In the opinion of many competent allergists, injections with extracts of such allergens as house dust are useful. It must be understood, however, that the underlying mechanisms of the disease and the mechanisms of action of the injection treatment are not known and presumably are quite different from the type I IgE-mediated reactions discussed above. The patient and the physician should understand and accept the empiric nature of the treatment. If the treatment obviously helps the patient, then it is justified; if it does not the injections should be discontinued. Allergy injection treatment is not indicated in the treatment of atopic dermatitis, contact dermatitis, food allergy or urticaria. In the case of insect allergy, injection treatment has been documented to provide important protection against fatal anaphylaxis and, after appropriate investigation, should be given to every patient who has a history of systemic reactions caused by hymenoptera. In summary, then, there are large numbers of allergic patients in the community. By the proper selection of the truly allergic patient and the administration of the appropriate allergy injections, these patients can be helped; it is generally agreed that 70 to 80% of such patients will derive significant benefit. The patient with perennial asthma and/ or rhinitis whose skin tests are negative and who receives injections with less specific agents may derive benefit but the results are less predictable and the empiric nature of the treatment should be understood by both the physician and the patient. Eventually, however, allergy injection treatment must give way to a more efficient, less timeconsuming and less costly treatment, either through prevention or through newer pharmacologic agents.


In the mouse, both the mdr1a and the mdr1b gene encode drug‐transporting P‐glycoproteins. The mdr1a P‐glycoprotein is expressed in epithelial cells of, among others, the liver and the intestine. Furthermore, the mdr1b gene product is found in the liver but is not detectable in the intestine. To establish the potential involvement of P‐glycoprotein in the elimination of cationic amphiphilic drugs from the body, we investigated biliary, intestinal, and urinary excretion in mice with a homozygous disruption of the mdr1a gene (mdr1a(−/−) mice). These mice are fully viable under laboratory conditions and have normal bile flow. Cumulative biliary excretion (expressed as percent of the intravenously administered dose excreted over a 1‐hour period) of several cationic compounds was decreased as follows in mdr1a(−/−) mice compared with the wild‐type animals: tri‐n‐butylmethylammonium (TBuMA), 0.7% versus 2.1%; azidoprocainamide methoiodide (APM), 3.8% versus 7.6%; and vecuronium, 22.7% versus 41.3% The luminal secretion of both TBuMA and APM in the small intestine was profoundly decreased, respectively 4.6‐fold (1.8% vs. 8.2% in the wild‐type) and 7.9‐fold (1.6% vs. 10.3% in the wild‐type) in mdr1a(−/−) mice. Thus mdr1a P‐glycoprotein contributes substantially to the removal of a wide variety of cationic agents from the body through intestinal and hepatobiliary secretion, but it evidently acts in concert with other transport system(s). These processes probably provide a protective mechanism limiting the overall rate of absorption as well as the bioavailability of potentially toxic organic amines.


In absorbing and cultivating the part-time teachers in higher vocational colleges in China,there existed problems such as the lack of a long-term plan,the nonstandard absorbing procedure,and the neglect of cultivation etc.Working out a construction plan,standardizing the absorbing procedure,strengthening the cooperation between the school and the enterprise,building the mechanism of pre-job training and specialty development,are effective methods to set up scientific and effective absorbing and cultivation mechanism of part-time teachers.


Mao Zedong's art of war contains the philosophy of mind, which is in line with his favorite poem, "The Inscription of Wujiang Pavilion". Among them, the "endure", a part of the mind method of the poem analyzed in this paper, in view of the understanding of the meaning of "covering shame and enduring shame" and Mao Zedong's application of it, puts forward the inspiration that contemporary college students should get from it, and provides reference and reference for college students to use this mind method.


Likelihood-free inference provides a rigorous approach to performing Bayesian analysis using forward simulations only. The main advantage of likelihood-free methods is their ability to account for complex physical processes and observational effects in forward simulations. Here we explore the potential of likelihood-free forward modeling for Bayesian cosmological inference using the redshift evolution of the cluster abundance combined with weak-lensing mass calibration. We use two complementary likelihood-free methods, namely Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC) and Density-Estimation Likelihood-Free Inference (DELFI), to develop an analysis procedure for the inference of the cosmological parameters (Ωm, σ 8) and the mass scale of the survey sample. Adopting an eROSITA-like selection function and a 10% scatter in the observable–mass relation in a flat ΛCDM cosmology with Ωm = 0.286 and σ 8 = 0.82, we create a synthetic catalog of observable-selected Navarro–Frenk–White clusters in a survey area of 50 deg2. The stacked tangential shear profile and the number counts in redshift bins are used as summary statistics for both methods. By performing a series of forward simulations, we obtain convergent solutions for the posterior distribution from both methods. We find that ABC recovers broader posteriors than DELFI, especially for the Ωm parameter. For a weak-lensing survey with a source density of n g = 20 arcmin−2, we obtain posterior constraints on S8=σ8Ωm/0.30.3 of 0.836 ± 0.032 and 0.810 ± 0.019 from ABC and DELFI, respectively. The analysis framework developed in this study will be particularly powerful for cosmological inference with ongoing cluster cosmology programs, such as the XMM–XXL survey and the eROSITA all-sky survey, in combination with wide-field weak-lensing surveys.


The progress of the ECT probe with micro magnetic sensor becomes possible to apply to various applications. The detection of micro metallic bead used for electric packaging has been reported in this paper. We proposed micro ECT probes with meander coil as exciter and spin‐valve giant magneto‐resistance (SV‐GMR) as receiver. Micro metallic bead(solder ball) with the diameter of 0.25 to 0.76 mm is used as a measuring object. We discuss the detection and alignment of metallic bead by using ECT technique.


Online learners face a different set of obstacles than their classroom-based counterparts as they seek to develop clinical skills solely through interaction with the content of an independent learning curriculum. While ground campus learners benefit from classroom content such as lectures or roleplay activities with their peers to rehearse clinical abilities, online students may struggle to identify ways to connect with the source material in a manner that leads to becoming a professional counselor confident in their own theoretical orientation and the related skillset. To this point, some information is available to explain the impact on using video lectures to allow for class time to experience a flipped classroom format. However, this does not extend to online learners who neither get the benefit of an in-person lecture or counseling related experiential activities during class time. This reflection will seek to bridge this gap, explain how to use software commonly used for streaming video games to make the online class more vibrant, and extend additional learning opportunities to students early in the counseling curriculum who may not have identified their flow yet as an independent learner.


The seismic performance of various retrofit schemes for nonductile reinforced concrete (RC) frames is investigated using inelastic static and dynamic response analyses of three prototype buildings. The structures considered for study contain typical reinforcing details of older frames and represent low- and medium-rise construction in regions of high seismicity in the United States. Retrofit schemes included the installation of posttensioned bracing, structural steel bracing, or infill walls of reinforced concrete. Dynamic analyses were conducted for five ground motions representative of major earthquakes on firm and soft soil conditions. Response of the original and retrofitted buildings is evaluated in terms of maximum displacements, interstory drifts, and predicted member behavior. The results show that there is no unique solution and that several different retrofit schemes can be designed to provide adequate performance. However, satisfactory performance was obtained only for schemes that controlled l...


Abstract ▪ The curriculum for internal medicine needs to be changed to eliminate the dichotomy between training and practice. At the same time, changing medical needs and the actual conditions of m...


Chickpea (2n=16) (Cicer arietinum L.) with a genome size of 750 Mbp is an ancient selfpollinated legume crop possibly originated in the fertile crescent region of southeastern Turkey and adjoining Syria and the third most important pulse crop grown in more than 44 countries worldwide van der Maesen (1987) and Arumuganathan and Earle (1991). It restore soil fertility through biological nitrogen fixation with the help of symbiotic bacteria Rhizobium in roots thus grown in rotation with other crops (Albayrak et al., 2006). Seed yield of chickpea is a complex character which is controlled by polygenes (Thakur and Saini, 1995). Some of the characters such as biological yield, number of pods per plant, primary branches are highly correlated among themselves and with seed yield. The knowledge of inter relationship between different characters is important for determining selection criteria. Correlation studies provide better understanding of yield component (Robinson et al., 1951 and Johnson et al., 1955). Path coefficient analysis allows the partitioning of correlation coefficient into its components (Dewey and Lu, 1959). The present study was undertaken to elucidate the association between yield and its attributes in chickpea. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 7 Number 07 (2018) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com


Visible Digital watermarking is a technique that embeds copyright information perceptibly within the image to prevent explicit use of multimedia content. There are numerous applications that require user authentication to make the original image content available. In this paper a new watermarking feature based on reversible color to gray scale conversion is introduced. Initially input host image and trained image are given to feature point database block to extract the feature points. Next the both host image and trained image will match the points. If there is any error, then that error will be diffused using filtering process H. Next the data will be extracted based on luminance and quantized based on color. Color to index mapping will be performed to the quantized data. At last the data will be extracted from exact location by the descriptor. Hence this new watermarking feature based on reversible color to gray scale conversion gives effective output by reducing the errors.


A considerable amount of work has been reported on the use of GaAs MESFET amplifiers at cryogenic temperatures. Most of the applications were for frequencies above 4 GHz. In this paper we discuss a 1.4-GHz GaAs MESFET amplifier cooled to 77 K with a noise temperature of less than 20 Kelvins over a 100-MHz bandwidth. The amplifier serves as an IF amplifier for a millimeter-wave cooled mixer.


The structure of the known compound O,O-Diphenyl-N-chlorophosphoramidate has been determined by X-ray diffraction. It consists of dimers, in which the monomers are connected by N-H···O hydrogen bonds. The O,O-Diethyl-N-chlorophosphoramidate homologue can be synthesized by various methods. At room temperature it is part of an equilibrium mixture with O,O-Diethyl-phosphoramidate and O,O-Diethyl-N,N-dichloro-phosphoramidate.


DJ-1 is a multifunctional protein involved in Parkinson disease (PD) that can act as antioxidant, molecular chaperone, protease, glyoxalase and transcriptional regulator. However, the exact mechanism by which DJ-1 dysfunction contributes to development of Parkinson´s disease remains elusive. Here, using a comparative proteomic analysis between normal cortical neurons and neurons lacking DJ-1, we show that this protein is involved in cell cycle checkpoints disruption as a consequence of increased amount of p-Tau and a-synuclein proteins, altered signalling pathways, as the phosphoinositide-3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and deregulation of cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5). Cdk5 is normally involved in dendritic growth, axon formation and the establishment of synapses, but can also contribute to cell cycle progression, as in our case, in pathological conditions. In addition, we observed a decrease in proteasomal activity, probably due to Tau phosphorylation that can also lead to activation of mitogenic signalling pathways. Taken together, our findings indicate, for the first time, that aborted cell cycle re-entry could be at the onset of DJ-1 associated PD. Thereby, new approaches targeting cell cycle re-entry can be envisaged to improve current therapeutic strategies.


Background Recently,there were many studies on corneal innervations during mammalian development.However,there were fewer studies on discussing corneal innervations before and after mouse eye openings.Objective The present study was to investigate the change in the regulation of corneal nerve fiber length and density before and after mouse eye openings to offer a basis for clinical research in human.Methods Thirty SPF C57BL/6 mice were divided into postnatal 1 day(P1 d),P7 d,P13 d(1 day before eye opening),P14 d(eye halfopened),P17 d(1 day after eye opening)and P23 d(7 day after eye opening)groups,with 5 mice and 10 eyes for each group.Entire corneal stretches were prepared and immunostaining with an anti-neuron-specific β-Ⅲ tubulin antibody was performed to label the corneal nerve fibers.Confocal microscopic pictures from the corneal dorsal-nasal region (DN),dorsal-temporal(DT),ventral-nasal region(VN)and ventral-temporal(VT)were taken using Delta Vision Core.From these pictures,the mouse corneal area,total length and density of nerve fibers in the 4 regions were calculated.The use of the animals complied with Statement of ARVO.Results Corneal areas of P1 d,P7d,P13 d,P14 d,P17 d and P23 d mice were(0.404±0.007),(1.362±0.154),(1.573±0.080),(1.603±0.046),(1.847±0.052),(2.445±0.798)mm2,respectively ; the total lengths of nerve fibers were(3.718±1.044),(19.065±3.350),(23.687±0.907),(27.309±2.477),(31.989±3.976),(41.214±1.573)mm,respectively ; the densities of nerve fibers were(9.592±1.138),(14.506±1.908),(15.088±1.241),(16.772±1.897),(16.821±2.102),(17.660±1.216)mm/mm2,respectively,all showing significant increases with age(F =22.906,P =0.000 ; F =0.424,P =0.000 ; F =2.375,P=0.000).A positive correlation of the increasing corneal areas and increasing lengths of nerve fibers was found(r=0.983,P<0.01).Nerve fiber densities in the four corneal regions significantly increased with age(DN region:F =0.159,P =0.000 ; DT region:F =2.1 72,P =0.001 ; VN region:F =1.998,P =0.000 ; VT region:F=2.352,P=0.000).From P13 d to P14 d,the corneal nerve fiber densities in the DN region decreased by 6.0% without significant difference(t =0.589,P =0.572); and the corneal nerve fiber densities in the DT region,VN region and VT region decreased by 4.6%,5.5% and 0.1%,respectively,without significant difference from P14 d to P17 d(t=0.549,P=0.596;t=0.701,P=0.501 ;t=-0.100,P=0.919).Conclusions The development of nerve fibers in the whole cornea or the four corneal regions is influenced by eye opening in mouse to various extents.From P13 d to P14 d,the corneal nerve fiber densities in the DN region decreased by 6.0% without significant difference.From P14 d to P17 d,the corneal nerve fiber densities in the DT region,VN region and VT region decrease by 4.6%,5.5% and 0.1%,respectively,without significant difference.Afterwards,the growth of nerve fibers increased in pace and the growth rate is recovered.

Key words:
Cornea; Nerve fiber length; Nerve fiber density; C57/BL6 mouse


Abstract In desultory reading of works not specifically concerned with commerce or the minutiae of trade, one often encounters an intriguing use of terms for length, weight or capacity no longer generally current. This is especially so in diaries, journals and volumes of letters; notes written for the day with no conscious purpose of describing the then present to a readership in the distant future. These entries may often be puzzling since there is no attempt, no need as far as the writer is concerned, to explain the terms he is using. The fortuitous encountering of such entries is a stimulus to interest and the following are a few examples.The diary of James Woodforde (1740–1803), rector of Weston Longeville in Norfolk, records his daily affairs in great detail, especially his expenditure and receipts.


The historic mineral planning permission dataset contains the hand drawn boundaries for
permitted, withdrawn and refused mineral planning permissions for England and Wales. The
data was extracted from a set of paper maps formerly held by the Ministry of Housing and Local
Government and show mineral planning information collated from the 1940s (retrospective to
the 1930) to the mid 1980s when responsibility for mineral planning was devolved from central
to local government for England and to the Welsh Assembly for Wales.
The dataset represents a 'snapshot' in time and although there is extensive coverage
(approximately 18000 polygons) the extent and attribution is incomplete due to the limitations of
the source material.


Perhaps the greatest challenge to cyber security is that people are inherently behind each cyber problem as well as its solution. The reality is that people have been stealing secrets and information and attacking others for thousands of years; the technology of the Internet just allows it to happen at a faster pace and on a larger scale. This chapter describes aspects of human behavior that impact cyber security efforts. Cognitive overload, bias, incentives and behavioral traits all affect the decision making of both those who develop policy and strategy, those who fall victim to cyber attacks, and those who initiate cyber attacks. Although limited research has been completed on the behavioral aspects of cyber security, many behavioral principles and models are applicable to cyber security issues.


Objective This paper discusses the effects of non-intellectual factors on medical students' academic performance at school. Methods A self-designed questionnaire and SCL-90 scale were filled by the students themselves. We analyzed the collected data with single factor regression and stepwise regression. Results The record of the students' college entrance examination, the condition of graduation, playing games on the Internet, the motive of being a postgraduate and help from the family in finding jobs for them were the main factors affecting their academic performance. Conclusion It is necessary to develop students' non-intellectual factors, and strengthen management of study and employment guidance.


To clarify the contribution of an amino acid substitution at codon 972 of insulin receptor substrate- 1 (IRS-1) causing a Gly to Arg change (Gly972Arg) to genetic susceptibility to insulin resistance and related diseases, we studied the association of the Gly972Arg polymorphism with type 2 diabetes and essential hypertension, both well-known insulin-resistant states. A total of 427 unrelated Japanese subjects (113 patients with type 2 diabetes, 110 patients with essential hypertension, 111 patients with type 2 diabetes and hypertension, and 93 healthy control subjects) were examined. The frequency of Arg allele was highest in patients with both type 2 diabetes and hypertension followed by patients with either one of these conditions, and lowest in subjects without these conditions (P=0.0375, Trend chi-squared test). By meta-analysis of data from the literature including our own data, summary odds ratio of Arg allele for type 2 diabetes was 1.26 (95% confidence interval: 0.93-1.71), with no evidence of heterogeneity among the studies. These results suggest the contribution of Gly972Arg polymorphism of the IRS-1 gene to genetic susceptibility to insulin-resistant state, such as type 2 diabetes and essential hypertension. The results of meta-analysis indicate that a larger scale study is necessary to confirm the hypothesis.


In this study, we used the ESD method to prepare the protein microarrays for observation the stem cell responses to pattern size, space and shapes. The ESD method allows a reduction in spot size, high efficiency of substance transfer, and high rate in fabrication as a result of ability to simultaneously deposit thousands of identical spots. Typical electrospraying conditions for the deposition of proteins were a voltage of 3 ~ 5 keV and the humidity under 30%. The patterns of masks have a variety of shapes, spaces, and hole sizes from 10 ㎛ to 300㎛. Three kinds of proteins(collagen, fibronectin, and vitronectin dissolved in PBS) are deposited in a dry state, preserving the functional activity of proteins. Stem cells were cultured on each protein patterned sample at 37 ℃ for 1 day.


This paper studies the explicit form of DKT element in thin plate bending problems.Based on the triangular area coordinats the form of the element stiffness matrix is obtained in DKT element.The explicit form of the stiffness matrix can be used to improve the computation effeciency of the finite element.


Purpose:  Sodium channel gene aberrations are associated with a wide range of seizure disorders, particularly Dravet syndrome. They usually consist of missense or truncating gene mutations or deletions. Duplications involving multiple genes encoding for different sodium channels are not widely known. This article summarizes the clinical, radiologic, and genetic features of patients with 2q24 duplication involving the sodium channel gene cluster.