This research is aimed at describing two things, 1) the forms of English code-mixing in the Indonesian utterance on the program PW Banget by Radio announcer Elria Buana Jambi, 2) the factors of code-mixing of English into Indonesian language by Radio announcer Elria Buana Jambi. This research is qualitative descriptive with content analysis technique. The data of this research was acquired from the broadcast record of Radio Elria Buana Jambi and interview with announcer of Radio Elria Buana Jambi. The result of this research are. 1) the forms of code-mixing in the form of word, phrase, and clause are as follows: there are 38 quotations in the form of word pieces; there are 15 quotations in the form phrase pieces;  there are 2 quotations in the form of clause pieces; and the most dominant of code-mixing code occured is word pieces. 2) The dominant factor which causes the code-mixing by announcer of Radio Elria Buana Jambi is  the identification of role which covers social and registral which is derived from three causes: a) the choice of language is adjusted with the condition of broadcasting program;  b) the lack of English language ability of the announcer; c)  the use of uncommon English language by the youth (unconventional).


The objective of this study was to determine the general and specific combining abilities and heterosis of some cotton genotypes for yield, its components and fiber traits using line x tester mating design. Nine parents (six line and three testers) were crossed in a line x tester mating design in 2020 season. Nine parents along with their eighteen F1 crosses were studied in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications during 2021 at Sakha. Agricultural. Research. Station. Kafr El-Sheikh, Governorate, Egypt. Based on line x tester analysis, the variance due to genotypes, parents, crosses and parent vs. cross exhibited significant differences (P. 0.01) for most yield, yield components and fiber traits. The variance due to GCA of lines x testers and SCA of line x tester interactions were highly significant for most studied traits, indicating the importance of both additive and non-additive gene actions in controlling these traits. The estimates of GCA and SCA effects revealed that the parent and some crosses were having desirable and significantly GCA and SCA effects, respectively. High mean performances and significantly GCA effects values were observed of line Giza 92, Giza 75 and tester Giza 97 for most studied traits, hence, these parents can be used as for generation superior cotton hybrids. The best values of mean performances, SCA effects and heterosis were found in the combinations Giza 94 x Giza 92, Giza 97 x Suvin for most yield and yield components and the cross Giza 97 x (Giza 75 x Sea) for yield and fiber traits. These crosses are considered as the promising crosses to be used in breeding programs for produce hybrid cotton and improvement for these traits in Egypt.


Diabetes is a life-threatening disease and chronic diabetes affects the parts of the body including the liver, kidney and pancreas. The root cause of diabetes is mainly associated with oxidative stress produced by reactive oxygen species. The minocycline is a polyphenolic drug with excellent antioxidant activities. The objective of the present study was to investigate the antidiabetic potential of minocycline modified silver nanoparticles (Mino/AgNPs) against alloxan-induced diabetic mice. The Mino/AgNPs were synthesized using minocycline as reducing and stabilizing agents. UV-vis, FTIR, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were applied for the characterization of Mino/AgNPs. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay was conducted to determine the antioxidant potential of newly synthesized Mino/AgNPs. The results revealed that the Mino/AgNPs showed higher radical scavenging activity (IC50 = 19.7 µg/mL) as compared to the minocycline (IC50 = 26.0 µg/mL) and ascorbic acid (IC50 = 25.2 µg/mL). Further, the Mino/AgNPs were successfully employed to examine their antidiabetic potential against Alloxan-induced diabetic mice. Hematological results showed that the mice treated with Mino/AgNPs demonstrated a significant decrease in fasting blood glucose level and lipid profile as compared to the diabetic group. The histopathological examination confirmed that the diabetic mice treated with Mino/AgNPs showed significant recovery and revival of histo-morphology of kidney, central vein of liver and islet cells of the pancreas compared to the diabetic mice. Hence Mino/AgNPs have good antidiabetic potential and could be an appropriate nanomedicine to prevent the development of diabetes.


The story in the photographs I am showing is not about a person, but about the span of experience and emotion presented through time. I am looking into things that stand alone, and things that stand together — the idea of sharing space and experience with something or someone or being by yourself. One thing that draws me to photography as a medium is the way that photographs are able to tell a story or explain something without words. Photographs offer a unique perspective which, by their nature, alters reality. There is always some amount of truth that lies in an image, but it varies. It is a compelling aspect of a story -a fantasy or a point of view, that interjects itself into the empty spaces between photographs on a wall. There are ways in which I might take a photograph in order to make that moment seem like something that it's not. This statement is a combination of these ideas.


this research is carried out to propose a model on prediction of fraud in insurance. In the worldwide time, Insurance frameworks had quickly made a considerable measure of gigantic advancement in our general public. Because of the expanded worry in everyday life, the development of interest of protection expanded. Information mining causes protection firms to disclosure helpful examples from the client database. Insurance companies are uncovered different sorts of misrepresentation and every year endure generous misfortunes. The essential objective is extortion location strategies for insurance utilizing information mining approach amid the previous years. Discoveries in this examination show that information mining strategies like SVM, Naïve Bayesian and Random Forest decision tree have been connected most generally to give preparatory answers for the troubles inborn in the recognizable proof and arrange of fake accident protection information. This paper presents fraud prediction method to predict fraud patterns from data. We use Naïve Bayesian Classification, SVM and Random Forest Model algorithms. This enables to build a more robust model with increased accuracy. Keywords—aggregation, Regression, Data Mining.


I discuss the role of the ∆I = 1/2 selection rule in K → ππ decays for the theoretical calculations of ε ′ /ε. Lacking reliable " first principle " calculations, phenomenological approaches may help in understanding correlations among different contributions and available experimental data. In particular, in the chiral quark model approach the same dynamics which underlies the ∆I = 1/2 selection rule in kaon decays appears to enhance the K → ππ matrix elements of the gluonic penguins, thus driving ε ′ /ε in the range of the recent experimental measurements. The results announced this year by the KTeV 1) and NA48 2) collaborations have marked a great experimental achievement, establishing 35 years


Vegetable crops are normally grown intensively and need high managerial and other inputs. They are comparatively high-risk crops, with a proportionally higher cost and higher return than many others. It is usually false economy to skimp on inputs which can detrimentally affect yields and/or product quality, both of which play such a large role in determining good financial returns from the enterprise.


We study the impact of international trade on a firm's technology choice in an infinite-horizon model. Banks engage in oligopolistic competition in providing capital for the manufacturing sector. Manufacturing firms also engage in oligopolistic competition and choose technologies with different levels of fixed and marginal costs. In the steady state, firms in a country with a larger market size or a more efficient financial sector choose more advanced technologies, and this country has a higher capital stock. The opening of international trade leads manufacturing firms to choose more advanced technologies and the steady-state capital stock increases.


Objective To explore the effects of twist over-expression on the transdifferentiation of human peritoneal mesothelial cells(HPMCs).Methods The HPMCs were treated separately with 50mmol/L(high glucose group) and 5.6mmol/L(control group) D-glucose for 48h.The protein expression of twist,E-cadherin,Fsp1 and α-SMA were detected by Western blotting.The mRNA and protein expression of twist,E-cadherin,Fsp1 and α-SMA were tested by qRT-PCR and Western blotting after transfecting the plasmids pcDNA3.1-twist and empty vector pcDNA3.1 into HPMCs with Lipofectamine 2000 in vitro.The protein expression of twist,E-cadherin,Fsp1 and α-SMA were tested by Western blotting after silencing the twist expression by siRNA,empty vector pSlience and the parental cells.Results Compared with control group,the expression of twist,Fsp1 and α-SMA increased,and of E-cadherin decreased in high glucose group(P < 0.05).Compared with the empty vector group,after the over-expression of twist in HPMCs,the expression of E-cadherin decreased,and of Fsp1 and α-SMA increased in high glucose group(P < 0.05).Silencing the twist expression by siRNA,the expression of E-cadherin increased and of α-SMA and Fsp1 decreased in siTwist transfacted cells compared with pSlicencer-transfacted cell and parental cells(P < 0.05),and finally reversed the phenotype of MMT.Conclusion The over-expression of twist may promote the mesothelial-to-mesenchymal transition of HPMCs.


These are notes from lectures given in the Queen Mary Combinatorics Study 1 Introductory Definitions In these notes, Γ = (V Γ, EΓ) denotes a graph, as we will use G to denote a group. All graphs considered will be simple, finite, connected and undirected. Definition An automorphism of Γ is a bijective function g : V Γ → V Γ such that v ∼ w if and only if g(v) ∼ g(w). The set of all automorphisms is the automorphism group of Γ, denoted by Aut(Γ). If, for all u, v ∈ V Γ, there exists some g ∈ Aut(Γ) such that g(u) = v, the Γ is vertex-transitive. Examples of vertex-transitive graphs include the n-circuits (not very exciting), and (slightly more exciting) the Petersen graph, pictured below. u u u u Figure 1: The 4-circuit (left) and Petersen graph (right)


In this paper, we study known-key distinguishing and partial-collision attacks on GFN-2 structures with SP F-functions and various block lengths. Firstly, we show the known-key distinguishing attack is possible up to 15 rounds. Secondly, for the case that the last round function has the shuffle operation, we show that the partial-collision attack is possible up to 14 rounds. Finally, for the case that the last round function has no shuffle operation, we show that the partial-collision attacks are possible up to 11 rounds.


As the distributed network technology develops, so do the grid harmonic problems, which were mainly caused by extensive using of power electronic devices and nonlinear loads. As far as the harmonic elimination, the filter which had been used widely can improve power quality of the network effectively. But when it comes to the micro grid, new challenge appears. What is more, the new methods used to analyze this new problem still have deficiencies.


Riding unicycle is one of human skills requiring practice. A unicycle is unstable, and its practice of unicycle riding may be difficult in many situations for beginners because it becomes relatively terrible and is difficult to carry on continuously. A unicycle simulator has been developed in this project, the dynamics of the simulator can be adjusted according to the skill level of trainee, and then trainee can exercise effectively. As a result, trainee can ride a real unicycle after the short term exercise. A new evaluation how adequately balancing a man rides unicycle is introduced; CP, centre of pressure and MBP, moment balancing point. The profile of CP and MBP can reflect the rider's skill. The effectiveness of this new evaluation is verified through numerical simulation of stabilization of Human-Unicycle model.


Few retailers appreciate the extent and cost of fires in the retail distribution sector, but some indication can be seen from the fact that each year 30,000 retail businesses are burnt down. The fire risk to retail property is worsening due to ever bigger shops. If you are the victim of a serious fire, the consequences can be horrendous. Enforced closures while shops are rebuilt and moves made to temporary premises inevitably lead to a loss of customers, trade and employees. It may take years for shops to regain their pre‐fire trading levels — some have even been forced out of business. This article outlines what sensible precautions can be taken to reduce fire risk.


The early-type galaxy NGC 5195 (alternatively known as M51b) possesses extended gas features detected in the multiwavelength, postulated to be associated with previous activities of the central supermassive black hole. Using integral field spectroscopic observations from the Canada–France–Hawaii Telescope/SITELLE, we report on the discovery of a new large-scale ionized gas structure traced by [O iii], [N ii], and Hα line emission, extending to ∼10 kpc from the nucleus of NGC 5195. Its bipolar morphology, emission-line ratio diagnostics, and comparison with the X-ray image from Chandra and low-frequency radio data from LOFAR all indicate that it is likely an outflow inflated by a past episode of elevated active galactic nucleus (AGN) activity. Assuming the ionized gas is outflowing from the central region of NGC 5195, the estimated mass and energy outflow rates are Ṁout=3.5 –27.9 M ☉ yr−1 and Ėout=0.98 –7.9 × 1040 erg s−1, respectively, which cannot be provided by current star formation and the low-luminosity nucleus. Alternatively, considering the history of gravitational interaction between the M51 pair and the presence of the H i tidal tail, the northern large-scale ionized gas could very likely be associated with tidally stripped material illuminated by a luminous AGN in the past.


A robust controller with the sliding mode is proposed for stable dynamic walking of the biped robot in this paper. For the robot system to be controlled, which is modeled as 14 DOF rigid bodies by the method of multi-body dynamics, the joint angle trajectories are determined by the velocity transformation matrix. Also Hertz force model and Hysteresis damping element are utilized for the ground reaction and impact forces during the contact with the ground. The biped robot system becomes unstable since those forces contain highly confused noise components and some discontinuity, and modeling uncertainties such as parameter inaccuracies. The sliding mode control is applied to solve above problems. Under the assumption of the bounded estimation errors on the unknown parameters, the proposed controller provides a successful way to achieve the stability and good performance in spite of the presence of modeling imprecisions of uncertainties.


We found that epicatechin gallate, a constituent of an extract of tea leaves (green tea) markedly lowered the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of oxacillin and other beta-lactams, but not of other antibacterial agents tested, in strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. The antibacterial action of epicatechin gallate plus oxacillin was a bactericidal one.


A descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out in the Intensive Care Unit of "Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso" Teaching General Hospital in Santiago de...


The aim of this paper is to introduce a new type of sets in bitopological spaces called (i, j)-Ps-open sets and study its basic properties. Also, by utilizing (i, j)-Ps-open sets, we introduce some strong types of pre- contiuity and almost precontinuity in bitopological spaces. Moreover a type of contra-precontinuity is defined and characterized.


The kinetics of Np(VI) reduction by tropolone have been studied at tracer level concentrations of N p O | + in aqueous chloride media at an ionic strength of 1.0 M. The empirical rate expression for the reaction was found to be d[Np(VI)] _ [NpC>2][Tropolone]i· dt [H^ where Τ denotes the total concentration. The rate constant and the activation parameters were determined to be: k = 66.9 ± 2.0 M s 1 and 25.0 °C; AH* = 67.2±3.4 kj/mol; AS* = 15 + 12 J/mol K.The rate expression differs from that for the N p O | + reduction by kojic acid. The difference is attributed to the protonation of tropolone in acidic aqueous solution.


viii Chapter 1 Background and Significance 1 Sigma receptors 1 Sigma receptors in cardiovascular system 5 Sigma receptors in autonomic neurons 7 Sigma receptors modulation on voltage-gated ion channels 8 Biomedical significance 9 Chapter 2 Sigma receptors modulation on high-voltage-activated calcium channels in rat sympathetic and parasympathetic neurons ... 1


Though Pearson's correlation coefficient provides a convenient approach to measuring the dependency between two variables, in the last few years, there has been a significant amount of literature warning against the use of Pearson's correlation coefficient, as it does not remain invariant under transformations of the underlying distribution functions. Since we are interested in examining the dependency pattern observed by the return on the Sterling Pound with that of the Japanese Yen, we will use the notion of a copula to approximate the joint density function between the daily returns on the Sterling Pound and the Japanese Yen. In particular, we use a result that is fundamental to the development of copula theory, namely Sklar's Theorem, to examine the observed joint density function between the daily returns on the Sterling Pound and the Japanese Yen. We will attempt to capture the approximated joint density function using a theoretical Gaussian Copula Model. This comparison is performed in the case where the underlying marginal distributions are both uniform, as well as the case where the underlying marginal distributions are both gaussian.


In software metric datasets, the number of defective samples is always even fewer than that of non-defective samples, which makes follow-up research complex and difficult. Therefore, this essay provides a method of software defective data augmentation based on a variational autoencoder (VAE) and Wasserstein Generative Adversarial Network (WGAN). This process contains several steps. First, dimensionality reduction of software metric data is achieved by utilizing VAE, producing a set of codes (latent vectors); the distribution of the set is studied by WGAN and then "the code set (latent vectors)" is generated. Finally, the generated codes (latent vectors) are input into VAE to acquire defective data. This paper proposes a data augmentation method of a minority class, based on VAE and WGAN. The experiments performed in MINST, NSAS MDP confirm that 1) This data augmentation method is superior to WGAN, AE+WGAN, and SMOTE; 2) Introducing the variance of generated samples to the WGAN generator, the variety of those is efficiently improved.


The problem considered is the antiplane deformation in prestressed and prepolarized piezoelectric crystals in equilibrium. The representation of the general solution is derived in terms of complex potentials for all piezoelectric crystal classes in which an antiplane state is possible. This generalizes earlier results obtained in respect of a specific crystal class. The general formulae are specialized to find the antiplane state generated by a Mode-III crack.


Agri-food industriesmust guarantee the safety of the produced foods through the application of the existing regulations, by correctly implementing quality control systems. In relation to the quality of drinking milk, it is extremely important to monitor the industrial treatments to which it is subjected to avoid the multiplication of spoilage and pathogenic microorganisms. Raw milk must undergo strict quality controls at the primary production level based on the knowledge of themain factors that influence their quality andmicrobiological safety: hygienic practices, health status of cows, frequency andmoment of collection, storage temperature and time of transportation. To improve food safety and estimate food shelf life, predictive microbiology is a widely used tool for the estimation of microbial behavior as a function of intrinsic and extrinsic by using mathematical models. Throughout this chapter, a description of the current food quality management systems (FQMS) carried out by dairy industries will be provided by reflecting the current challenges, the guidelines, and available tools. A case study based on the application of predictive microbiology considering the importance of controlling certain factors in the primary production dairy chain will be developed.


Online media is a space to get all information for the wider community. Online media provide information about something that happens every day. Online media are electronic media in the form of gadgets, television, print media, online media, and others. Information that is consumed by the wider community can be obtained through online or mass media in the form of current news. This research uses Framing analysis according to Zong Dang Pan and Kosicki. The aims of this study are 1) to describe the differences between the two media. 2) describe the similarities between the two media. 3) describe the syntactic structure, script structure, thematic structure, and rhetorical structure. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach. The analysis technique in this study is to find sources, read news, listen to the news, analyze news one by one, and record important parts.keywords: online media, news, framing analysis


tion. Second, the program's broad availability, together with the fact that it provides food rather than cash, makes it less politically contentious than other programs. In my opinion, however, the universal availability of Food Stamps should make us even more interested in understanding how they work. With the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act's (PRWORA's) tightening of eligibility restrictions and the end of entitlement to other welfare programs, Food Stamps may become a more important source of aid for many families. The papers presented in this session are among the first to investigate the dynamics of the Food Stamp program in the context of welfare reform. Each of these papers is thought provoking. As a discussant, my job is to highlight the most important aspects of the papers and provide some suggestions for their improvement. Let me begin with the paper by Figlio, Gundersen, and Ziliak. The purpose of this paper is to ascertain the extent to which the recent decline in the Food Stamp caseload can be attributed to state adoption of welfare waivers versus economic expansion. Estimates of the relationship between welfare waivers and caseload size give us a sense of what PRWORA's effect on the number of fam-


Mosaicing is a technique that allows obtaining a large high
resolution image by stitching several images together. These base images are usually acquired from an elevated point of view. Until recently, low-altitude image acquisition has been performed typically by using using airplanes, as well as other manned platforms. However, mini unmanned aerial vehicles (MUAV) endowed with a camera have lately made this task more available for small for cicil applications, for example for small farmers in order to obtain accurate agronomic information about their crop fields. The stitching orientation, or the image acquisition orientation usually coincides with the aircraft heading assuming a downwards orientation of the camera. In this paper, the efect of the image orientation in the eficiency of the aerial coverage path planning is studied. Moreover, an algorithm to compute an optimal stitching orientation angle is proposed and results are numerically compared with classical approaches.


This article investigates the structures that lock women into jobs that offer low pay and minimal security. The argument advanced assumes that the marked inequality of women in the work place serves the perceived interests of powerful groups. To endure, that inequality must be organized and institutionalized. The authors suggest a framework of analysis that faces the nature of the relationships among the sources of power, institutions, and processes that keep women in this unequal position in the work force.


Hourly temperature readings over a 69-day period in winter 1973–1974 are used to characterize both diurnal and longer period temperature variations in a shallow seagrass flat along the Texas coast. The average diurnal temperature variation has a range of about 2.4°C and includes 8 h of warming, starting at about 0800, followed by 16 h of relatively slow cooling. Longer term, quasi-periodic temperature variations occur at intervals of 11–13 days in response to frontal passages. Temperatures fall between 8° and 14°C in the first 2 days following the frontal passage, before rapid warming begins.


SummaryIt is suggested that following sterilization a fall in serum ferritin is related to, and provides objective evidence for, an increased menstrual loss. Serum ferritin levels were measured in 206 women before and one year after sterilization by one of three surgical techniques.Pre-sterilization contraceptive methods were recorded. The ferritin levels fell significantly in 61 per cent, with an average drop from 37 to 29μg/1, the greatest fall being in the group sterilized by the application of clips. The contraceptive method previously used was not shown to influence this fall.


The triplatinum compound [Pt3(2,4,6-But3C6H2NC)6](1) reacts with sulphur or carbon disulphide to give diplatinum complexes [Pt2(2,4,6-But3C6H2NC)4S](2) and [Pt2(2,4,6-But3C6H2NC)4(CS2)](3). The structure of (2) has been established by a single-crystal X-ray analysis; it has a triangular Pt2S core containing terminal Isocyanide groups. Crystals are monoclinic, space group P21/a, with Z= 4 in a unit cell of dimensions a= 26.988(7), b= 22.704(11), c= 18.211(5)A, and β= 130.01(2)°.


39 Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive debilitating neurodegenerative disorder clinically 40 manifest by motor, posture and gait abnormalities. Human neurophysiological studies recording 41 local field potentials within the subthalamic nucleus and scalp-based electroencephalography 42 have shown pathological beta synchrony throughout the basal ganglia-thalamic-cortical motor 43 network in PD. Notably, suppression of this pathological beta synchrony by dopamine 44 replacement therapy or deep-brain stimulation has been associated with improved motor 45 function. However, due to the invasive nature of these studies, it remains unknown whether this 46 "pathological beta" is actually stronger than that observed in healthy demographically-matched 47 controls. We used magnetoencephalography (MEG) to investigate neuronal synchrony and 48 oscillatory amplitude in the beta range and lower frequencies during the resting-state in patients 49 with PD and a matched group of patients without neurologic disease. Patients with PD were 50 studied both in the practically-defined drug "OFF" state, and after administration of dopamine 51 replacements. We found that beta oscillatory amplitude was reduced bilaterally in the primary 52 motor cortices of un-medicated patients with PD compared with controls. Administration of 53 dopaminergic medications significantly increased beta oscillatory activity, thus having a 54 normalizing effect. Interestingly, we also found significantly stronger beta synchrony (i.e., 55 hyper-synchrony) between the primary motor cortices in un-medicated patients with PD 56 compared with controls, and that medication reduced this coupling which is in agreement with 57 the intra-operative studies. These results are consistent with the known functionality of the basal 58 ganglia-thalamic-cortical motor circuit, and the likely consequences of beta hyper-synchrony in 59 the subthalamic nucleus of patients with PD. 60


A high-power pulsed Nd:YAG laser was employed to irradiate a 20-μm-thick Zn coating on a carbon steel surface. The ablation rate was defined as ablated volume divided by consumed laser energy, and was used to assess ablation cleaning ability. The relationships of ablation rate to laser pulse width and ablation rate to laser fluence were investigated, and optimal processing conditions were determined. The influence of incident laser angle on ablation rate was not considerable as the angle was within 90°–20°. The behavior of the laser-induced products was studied. It was found that the products consisted of vapor and liquid particles, and that the moving direction of these particles was strongly dependent on incident laser angle. A smaller incident laser angle provided the focusing lens better protection from the pollution of the ablated products. Microprofile measurements and composition analyses were performed to estimate the cleaning effects of laser ablation. Results show that the Zn coating was removed...


An oximeter sensor comprising: a light emitter for directing light at a patient; a light detector mounted to receive light from said patient; and a memory storing coefficients for use in at least one formula for determining oxygen saturation, said coefficients including at least a first set of coefficients and a second set of coefficients, wherein said first set and said second set of coefficients apply to different ranges of oxygen saturation values.


Abstract Hexahydro-s-triazines of amino acid esters (-CH2-N[sbnd]A-COOR1)3 (A = CH2, CH2-CH2, CH(CH2)COOMe…; R1 = Me, Et, i.-Pr) react with phosphonous acid esters RP(O)OR2H (R=Me, Et, i.-Pr, t.-Bu, c-Hex, Ph;R2 = Et, Ph) forming tile corresponding N-(phosphinic-methyl)-amino acid esters RP(O)(OEt)-CH2-NH[sbnd]A-COOR1 (6–13) and RP(O)(OPh)-CH2-NH[sbnd]A-COOR1 (25–34). In case of RP(O)(OEt)H in addition to 6–13 the N-bis(phosphinicmethyl)-amino acid esters 14-17 are obtained too in lower yields, The latter ones 35–42 result with yields of 80–95% only by reactions of RP(OH)2 end amino acids in the presence of formaldehyde like a modified mannich-reaction. The hydrolysis of 6–13 or 25–34 leads to RP(O)(OH)-CH2-NH[sbnd]A-COOH and RP(O)(OH)-CH2-NH[sbnd]A-COOR1 by various methods.


An optimized microsprayer driven piezoelectrically is composed of a membrane with spray orifices, an elastic cavity membrane and piezoelecric sheet on whose both surfaces the aluminium electrodes are plated. said elastic cavity membrane is combined with said piezoelectric sheet to form a piezoelectric transducer. said orifice membrane is adhered with said electric cavity membrane to form a closed liquid cavity. Its advantages are no water membrane, and increased flow.


There are not any kind of e-textbooks could offer customized content, although e-textbooks in the teaching field has already spread. The purpose of this study is making e-textbooks to meet the individual needs of the audience. The study is bases on EPUB, XML and XHTML. It will explore how to realize personalized and customized e-textbook client. The study is bases on the frame of server and client.


The invention discloses a combined watermelon cutter which belongs to the field of cutters, and comprises a rotary cutter, a cutter and a stripping plate; the rotary cutter is in a V shape, and the front end of the rotary cutter is provided with radian; the cutter holder of the cutter is in a circular shape; a handle is arranged above the cutter holder; a plurality of cutter blades are fixedly arranged on the cutter holder and are lined in parallel; and the stripping plate is an S-shaped sheet. According to the combined watermelon cutter, a watermelon can be easily cut into small pieces, so that people can eat with toothpicks conveniently, the use is sanitary and convenient, and the surrounding of the mouth of the people is not full of watermelon juice.


When aqueous one molar chloral hydrate solutions are irradiated with X rays or gamma-rays, hydrochloric acid is produced. The reaction appears to be a chain reaction. The average free radical chain lifetime, as determined using a rotating sector, is approximately 0.1 sec.


The base circle radius and offset distance cannot be calculated simultaneously by using the method of determining the fundamental dimensions of planar cam mechanism based on allowable pressure angle.A perfect algorithm is proposed in this paper on the basis of analysis and research of the relationship between pressure angle and fundamental dimensions of cam mechanism.


Disclosure to sexual partner has been linked to early testing, early enrolment on antiretroviral treatment (ART), as well as early access to HIV prevention and care. The study assessed the rate of HIV status disclosure to regular sexual partners and determined reactions to disclosure and associated factors among adult clients receiving ART ten years since the roll out of ART in South Africa. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among adult clients attending an ART clinic attached to a tertiary hospital in Gauteng province, South Africa. Multivariate logistic-regression analyses were conducted to identify factors associated with disclosure. The sample included 400 clients, 229 (57.3%) females and 171 (42.8%) males. The mean age was 39.8 years. The mean time since testing for HIV was 5.8 years, 225 (56.3%) had been on ART for < 2 years, 209 (52.3%) discussed HIV testing with partner prior to testing, and 234 (63.2%) knew the partner's HIV status. The prevalence of disclosure was 303 (75.8%) and 210 (78.4%) disclosed within six months. Fear of negative reactions was the main barrier for disclosure and 20.1% experienced negative reactions after disclosure. Acceptance of a partner's HIV status was gradual, participants moved from denial, anger, violence, and blame to acceptance and support. Prior discussions about HIV testing with partner (aOR=4.36, p=0.000, CI: 2.26-8.41) and knowledge of partner's HIV status (aOR=14.2, p=0.000, CI: 7.00-28.7) were associated with disclosure. Counselling should encourage early mutual disclosure of HIV test results to prevent the further spread of HIV.


What initially got you interested in computer graphics? I've always been interested in science fiction movies and special effects, since I was a child watching Star Wars and Close Encounters of the Third Kind back in the '70s. Attempting to create my own artwork was out of reach however, since my lack of manual dexterity kept me from doing anything more than rudimentary drawings. I focused all of my creative energy toward writing instead. This all changed in 1994 when I received my first personal computer as a graduation present. I had received my English degree from the University of Iowa and my plan was to use the computer to write my first novel. Instead I became engrossed with the computer graphics programs that came bundled with it. I remember it came with Aldus Photostyler and KPT Tools and I used these to create my first planetary scenes. Using KPT tools led me to try out Bryce 2.0, which was my first exposure to 3-D rendering. The rest, I guess, is history.


The chemical constituents of essential oils and extractives from resin, bark and
heartwood of Agathis borneensis were studied using gas chromatography-flame
ionization detector (GC-FID) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS). The
essential oils were extracted using hydrodistillation method while the extractives were
extracted using solvent with increasing polarity; hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate
and methanol. The major components in the resin oil were a-pinene (31.15 %), 8-
limonene (17.92 %), B-pinene (11.36 %) and terpinen-4-ol (8.41 %). While, B-pinene (9.14
%), terpinen-4-ol (8.99 %), a-pinene (8.95 %) and a-terpineol (8.93 %) were the major
constituents in the bark oil. Heartwood oil was dominated by hexadecanoic acid (66.85
%) with monoterpenes as minor constituents such as y-terpinene and terpinen-4-ol. i
Hexane extractive of heartwood was dominated by hexadecanoic acid and oleic acid.
Other compounds belong to sterol group such as stigmast-5-en-3-ol oleate, y-sitosterol
and stigmasta-3,5-dien-7-one were also detected in this extractive. The dichloromethane
extractive of heartwood also comprised hexadecanoic acid and oleic acid as the major
components, with stigmastanol and stigmasta-3,5-dien-7-one as minor components. On
the other hand, phenolic compounds, sterols and some flavonoids were detected in ethyl
acetate extractive of the heartwood. Among the major compounds identified were (Z)-6-
octadecenoic acid, hinokiresinol, sugiresinol and 2', 3-dihydroxychalcone. Methanol
extractive of heartwood consist of sterols, flavonoids, ethers and amides as the main
components, including campesterol, hinokione, methyl hexadecanoate, methyl elaidate
and (Z)-octadecenamide. The analyses on the extractives from resin of A. borneensis were
also carried out using GC-MS. The hexane and dichloromethane extractives of resin
composed mainly of terpenes group such as manoyl oxide, verbenol, (-)-terpinen-4-ol,
limonene-1,2-diol and verbenone. These extractives also contained several alcohols such as tetradecanol, nonadecanol and docosanol. Ethyl acetate and methanol extractives
were derivatized using N-methyl-N-(tertbutyldimethylsilyl)-trifluoroacetamide
(MTBSTFA) before the GC-MS analysis. The members of acid and sterol groups were the
abundance components in these extractives. The bioactivities study of the essential oils
and extractives from A. borneensis were carried out against brine shrimp, termites, fungi
(Chaetomium globosum, Schizophyllum commune, Trametes versicolor, Aspergillus
niger, Aspergillus flavus, Fusarium sp., Trichoderma sp., Botryotrichum sp. and
Candida albican) and bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Entrobacter
aerogenes, Bacillus cereus and Salmonella typhi). No bioactivity was observed for the
essentials oils and extractives against brine shrimp and termites. However, the
antifungal and antibacterial tests showed several extractives and bark essential oil have
potential as antifungal and antibacterial agents. Methanol extractive from heartwood
showed the highest 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging
activity compared to the other extractives.


Thinking of nanoscale devices as circuit elements that process optical frequencies offers a new paradigm that could transform development of integrated photonics.


The present invention provides a method for preparing a thin film transistor comprising depositing a first thin film transistor and a second thin film transistor, wherein the following steps are depositing a second thin film transistor: forming a second gate of the second thin film transistor on a substrate; sequentially depositing an insulating layer over the substrate and the semiconductor layer, wherein the insulating layer covering the second gate electrode and the semiconductor layer; depositing a photoresist layer over the semiconductor layer, and exposing the resist layer; the semiconductor layer and the insulating layer are etched , thereby forming a second thin film transistor and a second active layer disposed over the first gate electrode connected to a second window; a second source and a second insulating layer over the second active layer and the second thin film transistor deposited two drain. Meanwhile, the present invention also provides a method for the preparation of organic light emitting diode display. This method reduces the number of photomask used, thereby saving the processing time, improve productivity, production cost savings.


Unfair business competition will cause losses to consumers and business partie s, unhealthy business practices will also damage national economic stability, which can lead to a monetary crisis in a country. The raise of Regulation Number 5 of 1999 is an effort to prevent unfair business competition practices, especially in organizing tenders for the procurement of goods and / or services. So it is very interesting that the problem in this research is that it takes a juridical approach to cases of tender conspiracy and the authority of the KPPU in imposing sanctions on parties who commit fraudulent efforts in holding tenders, and related to the problem of the absence of sanctions for other parties, namely the committee / tender organizer or government officials and politicians. involved in tender rigging. This study uses the juridical normative research method using secondary data sources through literature studies which are analyzed qualitatively descriptive. The research found that conspiracy in the holding of tenders can occur horizontally or vertically, so that the juridical approach in this case is very suitable to be used to ensnare unhealthy business actors, the juridical approach used is the per se illegal approach. Law Number 5 of 1999 has given the authority to KPPU to impose sanctions on perpetrators of unhealthy business practices, decisions issued by KPPU are legal decisions, however KPPU has the authority to impose sanctions on business practice actors. unhealthy is only limited to administrative sanctions.


Emmanuel Saez and Gabriel Zucman offer a discussion of rationale for, implementation and implications of introducing wealth taxation in the United States. In my comments, I will primarily focus on three topics: economic arguments for having this form of taxation, practical issues in implementing it, and a few aspects of underlying data and assumptions that authors rely on in evaluating the impact of this proposal. A general wealth tax does not exist in the United States. However, the U.S. has a highly progressive estate tax and it taxes capital income through a mix of (1) personal income taxes on dividends, interest, capital gains, royalties and business incomes, and (2) corporate taxation. Bases of all these taxes overlap with the base for wealth taxation, although they are not economically or administratively identical.1 Thus, the right question in my mind is whether a wealth tax is desirable given existence of these other instruments. In my view, as elaborated below, the case for wealth taxation over capital income taxation in general is quite weak and rests on either desirability of onetime, ideally unexpected, taxation or on the presence of externalities from wealth concentration (that ideally should be treated using instruments tailored to specific problems). From the administrative point of view, even then the challenging and ambitious solutions that could make wealth tax feasible apply equally well to (otherwise preferred) capital income taxation. The case that authors make is not helped by optimistic empirical assumptions that do not highlight uncertainty, which is likely to run mostly in one direction; that may be a plus for public presentation of the plan, but not for an economist. I discuss these issues at the end of the comment.


The readability of annual reports has been the focus of extensive prior research. However, the extent of readability variability has only recently received specific attention. In response to a perceived need for further research into this area, an analysis of 60 UK chairman's statements was conducted in order to test for possible determinants of readability variability. Results show the introduction to the chairman's statement is systematically easier to read than other parts of the chairman's statement. No evidence was found to support prior research that, rather than present accounting narratives objectively, managers use readability variability to emphasise good news and obfuscate bad news. The thematic structures within the chairman's statement were investigated to explore whether they were responsible for systematic patterns in the variability of annual report readability. Findings indicate that thematic structure of the chairman's statement is indeed a key driver of the variability of annual report readability.


Purpose
Lean Six Sigma (LSS) is receiving a tremendous attention as a modern process of streaming to improve the organizational ability and customer satisfaction. A successful LSS implementation is influenced by various factors and the execution of all the influencing factors simultaneously is a very difficult task for any organization. From the perspective of limitation of resources, this paper aims to present a basic issue in an LSS implementation of clustering complex and impacting factors into groups to achieve them in a stepwise manner. This paper aims to present a fundamental issue of clustering the complex and impacting factors of an LSS implementation into groups to achieve them stepwise.

Design/methodology/approach
A total of 40 relevant influencing factors toward an LSS implementation have been identified from the extensive literature review and duly validated with experts' opinions. Integrated fuzzy set theory and decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) approach are demonstrated to explore the causal relationships among influencing factors of the LSS implementation. An empirical case analysis of an Indian manufacturing organization is carried out to illustrate the utilization of the proposed model.

Findings
The proposed framework effectively finds out the significance of each influencing factor of an LSS implementation and clustered into cause–effect groups. As per the results of the empirical case analysis, ten critical success factors (CSFs) of the LSS implementation are evaluated for the successful LSS implementation. Top management pays more attention to achieve them and implement them in a phase-wise approach under the limitations of accessible resources.

Research limitations/implications
The presented framework provides an effective, precise and systematic decision support tool for recognizing CSFs of the LSS implementation. The organization, decision-makers, industrial practitioners and academic researchers may be able to comprehend the cause–effect relationship of the influencing factors of the LSS implementation. The exploratory nature and the single case study are two major limitations of this analysis. The developed model is heavily dependent on the experts' opinions; hence, any bias in judgment will influence the final result.

Originality/value
This analysis is the first of its kind of effort, according to the best of the authors' knowledge, to classify the influencing factors of LSS implementation into the cause–effect cluster. The outcomes of this analysis make the complexity of a problem easier in handling and assisting the decision-making.


Respiratory tract infection caused by bacteria, viruses, and fungi that can attack the respiratory tract of toddlers. The purpose of this study was to identify the correlation between exclusive breastfeeding and family smoking behavior with the pneumonia case on toddlers at the Public Health Center, Marga 1. The study employed an analytic design with a cross-sectional approach, using 219 respondents with parents who had toddlers. Sampling employed simple random sampling. Data collection were questionnaires on exclusive breastfeeding and family smoking behaviour with the pneumonia case. The results of this study found that almost all toddlers who were not given exclusive breastfeeding but experienced pneumonia were 145 respondents (98.6%) and almost all respondents who had families with smoking habits as many as 146 respondents experienced pneumonia (99.3%) with P-value <0.001. In conclusion there was a significant association between the group of non-exclusive breastfeeding toddlers with the incidence of pneumonia and there was a significant relationship between family smoking behavior and the incidence of pneumonia in toddler


The Reversible Logic has received great attention in the past recent years due to its ability in reducing the power dissipation. Owing to its unique technique of one-to-one mapping between the inputs and the corresponding outputs, the reversible logic gates are now finding profound as well as promising applications in emerging growing fields such as digital signal processing, nanotechnology etc. The main purposes of designing reversible logic are to decrease quantum cost, depth of the circuits and the number of garbage outputs. We have successfully designed the universal gates (NAND and NOR) using reversible gates and irreversible logic and calculated the electrical parameters. Parameters with reversible logic are the best.


Achieve higher efficiency is a aim of mining enterprises on the basis of safety produce,choice of the blasting method is an important restraining factor about mining costs.The deficiencies of medium-length hole blasting in small-scale and opencast quarry of Mianyang area were analyzed and pointed out by detailed survey.The suitable method of medium-length hole blasting in small-scale and opencast quarry of Mianyang area were designed according to deposit condition of mine and production status.It achieved good results on safe production and economic efficiency by carrying out the design.The optimization design can promote and improve small Small-scale and opencast quarry safety in production and economy efficiency.


ABSTRACT: The nonlinear least squares (NLS) method was applied to pumping and recovery aquifer test data in confined and unconfined aquifers with finite diameter and partially penetrating pumping wells, and with partially penetrating piezometers or observation wells. It was demonstrated that noiseless and moderately noisy drawdown data from observation points located less than two saturated thicknesses of the aquifer from the pumping well produced an exact or acceptable set of parameters when the diameter of the pumping well was included in the analysis. The accuracy of the estimated parameters, particularly that of specific storage, decreased with increases in the noise level in the observed drawdown data. With consideration of the well radii, the noiseless drawdown data from the pumping well in an unconfined aquifer produced good estimates of horizontal and vertical hydraulic conductivities and specific yield, but the estimated specific storage was unacceptable. When noisy data from the pumping well were used, an acceptable set of parameters was not obtained. Further experiments with noisy drawdown data in an unconfined aquifer revealed that when the well diameter was included in the analysis, hydraulic conductivity, specific yield and vertical hydraulic conductivity may be estimated rather effectively from piezometers located over a range of distances from the pumping well. Estimation of specific storage became less reliable for piezometers located at distances greater than the initial saturated thickness of the aquifer.


The invention relates to a machine and to a method for levelling, aligning and stabilising the track and compacting the ballast bed, producing controlled superelevations in order for the load applied when settling the track in the theoretical position thereof to be comprised within a predetermined range, operating in a continuous manner. For this purpose, the machine is made up of two bogies having driving capacity (2) and three control cabs: one at the front (3), one at the rear (4) and one at the centre (5). There are two tension carriages for measurement: one at the rear (10) and one at the front (6). The machine has a superelevation unit, in which the movement thereof relative to the rest of the machine is controlled by the total longitudinal cylinder (11). The alignment cylinders (18) generate a transverse movement in order to align the track. A stabilising unit is located behind said unit in the working direction (27), which stabilising unit is made up of two stabilising carriages (25 and 26). The georadar (28) is located at the front of the machine. Said structure makes it possible to achieve extremely effective and accurate levelling, alignment, compaction and stabilisation of the track.


In the wake of the global financial crisis, interest in studying the interaction between financial developments and the real economy has surged. One particular strand has focused on characterising the financial cycle. A number of papers, most prominently Drehmann, Borio and Tsatsaronis (2012), have shown that financial cycles tend to be much longer in duration as well as higher in amplitude compared to business cycles. The paper by Cagliarini and Price adds to this literature by examining the robustness of these conclusions in two key respects. First, it uses spectral analysis that does not a priori pin down the frequency of fluctuations to more flexibly characterise business and financial cycles. Second, they conduct the analysis across a number of countries to see how general the result is. The paper also offers a very balanced – and in some sense, because the authors do not take a firm stance one way or another, a too balanced – discussion of the pros and cons of using monetary and macroprudential policy to address financial stability objectives. Overall, they conclude that monetary policy may have a role, but as a last resort when all other tools have been exhausted.


A Missouri appeals court let stand the conviction of a rapist, [name removed] [name removed], for creating a grave and unjustifiable risk of transmitting the virus to his victim. [Name removed] was sentenced to two consecutive life terms and ten years on a count of exposing the victim to HIV. [Name removed] argued that the grave and unjustifiable risk statute was unconstitutional and that statistical evidence of risk did not exist. The court held that reasonable jurors did not need statistical evidence to find that a grave risk existed; the victim was bruised and bleeding and was exposed to [name removed]' semen. Last year, the Missouri Legislature reduced the burden of proof necessary to sustain a conviction of exposing a person to HIV.


A fifth-order buck-boost converter capable of providing the buck-boosting features along with improved source current profile and suitable for point of load application is presented in this paper. The converter has smooth source current i.e. ripple in the source current is low. Steady-state analysis is presented in detail in order to establish performance exhibited by the proposed converter along with converter component design equations. The converter control scheme is such that it results in two different circuits. For both these circuits, the state-space models are derived, small-signal analysis is established and relevant transfer functions are obtained. These small-signal formulations are used to design a digital voltage mode controller. Demonstration of the features of the proposed converter in terms of buck-boosting feature and smooth source current profile is done on simulation as well as experimental platform for a 36 Watt, 50 kHz prototype converter which supplies power at constant load voltage. A 24V battery input voltage 15/36 V as load voltage is considered in the experimentation. The correctness of the analytical results obtained from simulator are verified on experimental platform as well.


In most multimedia applications, human beings can gather useful information from approximate outputs. The approximation concept is dominating in the field of digital signal processing and multimedia applications as it allows the reduction of area and power significantly with some loss of accuracy. Little inaccuracy does not affect the visual quality as it seems unnoticeable in the perception of a human eye. As an advantage, this technique is to reduce the device utilization for such applications, which will eventually lead to a reduction in terms of power as well as transmission speed. Finally, the redundant bit, as well as the storage required to store the data, will be reduced. The approximation of arithmetic circuits is useful for reducing its computational complexity without a significant impact on its coding performance. In the end, the proposed approximate almost full adder based dada multiplier utilizes less power, delay, and device utilization. In this paper, analysis of various multipliers using approximate almost full adder is evaluated.


The special structure of matrices with rank 1is presented,some of their properties are discussed,the results of reference[1]are generalized and improved,several applications are given.Especially,a class of matrices are studied,some methods and conclusions are obtained.


In many digital communications systems, bursts of insertions or deletions are typical errors. A new class of nonbinary codes is proposed that correct a single deletion or insertion. Asymptotically, the cardinality of these codes is close to optimal. The codes can be easily implemented.


OBJECTIVE:To study the chemical components of root,stem,leaves and nut shell of Gonocaryum lobbianum,and to determine the content of total flavonoids in different parts of G.lobbianum.METHODS:The extraction of every part with water,95% ethanol and petrol ether was respectively experimented by comprehensive preliminary tests.Using rutin as substance control,the contents of total flavonoids in different parts of G.lobbianum were measured by colorimetric method with sodium nitrite-aluminum nitrate-sodium hydroxide.RESULTS:The different parts of G.lobbianum contained sugar,polysaccharide,amino acid,polypeptide,protein,flavonoids,sterides,triterpene,alkaloids,cumarin,latones,volatile oils,and may contain organic acids.The root and leaves contained phenols,anthraquinone,cardiac glycosides,but stem and nut shell may contain phenols,anthraquinone,cardiac glycosides.All of them didn't contain saponins.The content of total flavonoids of root,stem,leaves,nut shell were 0.028%,0.017%,0.033%,0.012%.The content of total flavonoids of leaves was the highest.CONCLUSION:The results of preliminary tests determine the types of chemical components and the content of total flavonoids of G.lobbianum,which provide evidence for further study.


This paper reports the first deuterium–tritium (D-T) fusion experiments in the geometry of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) [R. Aymar, V. Chuyanov, M. Huguet, R. Parker, Y. Shimamura, and the ITER Joint Central Team and Home Teams, Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Fusion Energy (International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna), Fusion Energy 1, 3 (1996)], with long pulse length and an ITER-like divertor. Physics aspects, such as the isotope dependence of confinement, the H-mode (high confinement) threshold, shear optimisation, heating methods, high fusion performance and alpha particle heating, are discussed together with their implications. The technology aspects of tritium wall loading and clean-up, the close coupled tritium plant and the future remote handling divertor target exchange are also mentioned.


More efforts have been given to solve the problems related to computer software by process assessment. ISO/IEC 15504(SPICE) has been developed as standardized means for process assessment. The purpose of this paper is to design and implement a process assessment system which is appropriated to the Korean assessment environment based on ISO/IEC 15504. Referring documents are: IS0/1EC 15504 standardized documents, the assessment provisions of the SPICE committee in Korea, and research papers applied the existing process assessment system to real cases. Among a lot of processes, this system is designed for (ENG2). The proposed system in the paper will support the whole process of assessment, presenting the goals and end-products for each assessment step and making it possible to compose and save the product on the same screen. In determining process rating, assessors can retrieve the saved data and documents. By doing so, the system will improve reliability in process rating. The proposed system includes 7 steps of pre-assessment and 9 steps of actual assessment in order to fully prepare assessors for process assessment. And each step has been standardized to improve user-friendliness. This system is designed to provide assessors with specific details of standardized documents, the goals of the process, outcomes of implementing the process, and presentations of base practices and input/output products. Above all, the system automatically generates an assessment rating, by calculating based on input data which assessors make out. It also presents outcomes graphically.


Owing to the Moon's rough surface, there is a growing controversy over the conclusion that water ice exists in the lunar permanently shadowed regions (PSRs) with a high circular polarization ratio (CPR). To further detect water ice on the Moon, an innovative design method for spaceborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) system is proposed, to obtain radar data that can be used to distinguish water ice from lunar regolith with a small difference in the dielectric constants. According to Campbell's dielectric constant model and the requirement that SAR radiometric resolution is smaller than the contrast of targets in images, a newly defined SAR system function involved in the method is presented to evaluate the influence of some system parameters on the water ice detection capability of SAR. In addition, several simulation experiments are performed, and the results demonstrate that the presented SAR design method may be helpful for lunar water ice exploration.


To the Editor: Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) and coronary-artery bypass grafting (CABG) are both known to be highly effective in the treatment of coronary disease.1,2 Many r...


The problem of this research is how to apply learning strategies in Physical Education practice material during the pandemic at State Junior High Schools throughout the Temanggung District. Objectives through the application of learning strategies. Descriptive qualitative research method. Data analysis uses data reduction, data presentation, concluding. The results of the study are online according to the pandemic period. The results of the study concluded that the application of learning strategies in physical education practice material during the pandemic was still not by basic competencies, especially in guided practice material, it still seemed less well implemented due to certain obstacles


identifies the essence and forms of implementation of supply chain risk management in order to minimize the consequences of potential disruptions in the chain and increase its resistance to such failures, both taking into account changes in the internal environment of the company and the external environment. It has been established that risk management and strategic planning for the sustainability of global supply chains is based on six pillars: assessment of sustainability to logistical and infrastructure risks; assessment of resistance to market risk; assessment of climate change/disaster risk resilience; assessment of resilience to political risk; assessment of resistance to geopolitical and geo-economic shifts. The factors influencing the risk management of supply chains and indicators of measuring their resilience are considered. The effects of supply chain infection are highlighted. The destructive factor of the pandemic on the resilience of supply chains is taken into account. The article proposes to consider the reliability of supply chains in the risk management of GVCs as a complex characteristic of sustainable processes in the chain, characterized by the concepts of "durability", "renewability", "support" of processes within simple supply chains as components of the GVC and providing for: the creation of a system of reserves (reserves capacity buffer materials or resource redundancy); prevention of failures and deviations. However, it is quite predictable that increased inventory, additional production capacity and alternative methods of transportation or spare capacity will either increase firms' costs or lead to higher sales and higher levels of service. Sustainability of the supply chain requires a balance of reliability and flexibility to achieve the highest level of service, taking into account the risk of failures, at an acceptable cost for the formation of a system of corresponding reserves. VUCA-нестабільнсть,


ABSTRACT In response to the increasing amount of global plastic waste, biodegradable polymers have been brought into the spotlight. Recently, extraordinary progress has been made in the development of smart biodegradable polymers by researchers around the globe. Shape memory polymers, self-healing polymers, piezoelectric polymers, chromogenic polymers and magneto rheological elastomers are the known classifications of smart biodegradable polymers. Among all, piezoelectric polymers have the highest demand in the market. This review provides a brief look at the examples of smart biodegradable polymer, methods of modification, derived properties and suitable applications. Polylactic acid (PLA) was found to be the most common polymer matrix employed in creating smart biodegradable polymers. Used modification techniques include copolymerization, blending and composite forming. Shape memory polymers (SMPs) showed dominance in the former two methods of modification while the latter was suitable for all of the smart materials. This review aims to provide a summary on the state of biodegradable smart polymer research and showcase the overall progress. The authors hope to help in identifying research gaps for potential novelty and inspire new breakthroughs.


Rational models of risk-averse consumers have difficulty explaining limited annuity demand. We posit that consumers evaluate annuity products using a narrow "investment frame" that focuses on risk and return, rather than a "consumption frame" that considers the consequences for lifelong consumption. Under an investment frame, annuities are quite unattractive, exhibiting high risk without high returns. Survey evidence supports this hypothesis: whereas 72 percent of respondents prefer a life annuity over a savings account when the choice is framed in terms of consumption, only 21 percent of respondents prefer it when the choice is framed in terms of investment features.


A T m a u M S I q a b w s a c BSTRACT bjectives To identify ages at which gross motor developental milestones and fine motor skills required for selfeeding were reported by primary caregivers and to relate hese self-feeding skills to energy and nutrient intakes. esign Cross-sectional survey of households with infants/ oddlers, ages 4 to 24 months. ubjects/Setting Telephone survey using a national random ample of infants and toddlers (n 3,022). ethods Primary caregivers reported their children's food inake (one 24-hour recall), the ages when caregivers reported elf-feeding skills were shown, and the number of teeth. tatistical Analyses Performed Children's reported ages for ross motor developmental milestones, self-feeding skills, nd the number of erupted teeth were summarized. Usng t tests, differences in energy and nutrient intake were etermined by age groupings and by the absence or presnce of each self-feeding skill. esults Self-feeding skills achieved in the first 2 years and etails about age ranges at which developmental readiess to self-feed were evidenced are described. The ages t which children were reported to show gross motor evelopmental milestones and eruption of teeth occurred ithin expected age ranges. A majority of the children ho were reported to show developmental readiness to elf-feed at an earlier age (7 to 14 months) had higher ntakes of energy and most nutrients than those who did ot. By 15 to 18 months, most of the children were reorted to show comparable self-feeding skills regardless f whether they self-fed earlier or later. pplications/Conclusions Assuming a variety of nutritious oods are offered to infants and toddlers, caregivers may ncourage self-feeding without concern for jeopardizing nergy and nutrient adequacy. In the first year, the adition of foods that require chewing should reflect the umber of erupted teeth. Am Diet Assoc. 2004;104:S51-S56.


We consider how internal symmetries can effect the solutions observed in three symmetrically coupled oscillators due to a symmetry-breaking Hopf bifurcation, and in particular consider three cases where the coupling terms produce or equivariance with respect to an 'Internal' symmetry. We do this by, first, examining the generic behaviour expected on the respective centre manifolds before interpreting these results as solution branches in systems of coupled oscillators and, finally, presenting some numerical examples. By using the standard techniques, we thus present a specific example of the more general approach of Dionne et al. in a more familiar setting, as well as carrying out additional stability calculations. It turns out that is becomes extremely important how we couple the individual oscillators with respect to the internal symmetry, with the case producing some quite unexpected results


The main subject discussed was a career structure for Aboriginal health workers. The various states reported on the status of the health workers. In Queensland there are two categories - health assistants, who are permanent public servants and health workers who are temporary. In New South Wales and South Australia, all health workers are temporary. In Northern Territory they are temporary but may become permanent in 1979.


Purpose – Flexible light-emitting textile display is designed with floats for electronic elements covering and electronic contacts insulation what at the same time provides an opportunity to develop aesthetic design of the display in the single piece construction of material. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – Display consists of interwoven electrically conductive yarns, non-conductive yarns and SMD LEDs connected to conductive yarns. Industrial jacquard weaving machine have been used, weave patterns were designed in PC-Edit software. Findings – Weave can be used as a tool to build and evolve electrotextile. Exploring weaving techniques and perceiving electronic circuit as a weave pattern, new approaches can be developed in electrotextile design field. Research limitations/implications – Connections of electronic elements and conductive textile materials still is actual problem what should be explored in further research. Practical implications – Flexible light emitting ...


The present invention is soft ground while using a plurality of small holes the cloth by installing a plurality patterns of seolhan electrode tube cathode side and the anode was side forms a gwanyeol visible face each other, the electrical DC current penetration phenomenon on the side of a hollow tube of iron by Kane extremely well as pore of the fine soil particles, but also absorbed in the vicinity of the soil particles, flows it into the cathode side electrode column direction on the side of the anode electrode open to inject the mixed solution of the sodium silicate solution in the soil at the same time sikimyeo suction drainage and salts and kamsyum solution using an electroosmotic phenomenon being processing apparatus and method of the soft ground to caking to evenly penetrate the soil.


This paper examined the high frequency time harmonic localization of modal fields in two dimensional cavities along unstable periodic orbits. The elliptic formalism, combined with the random phase approach, allowed the treatment of both convex and concave boundary geometries.


Traumatic Brain Injury presents a global health concern, as it has become one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Non-contrast head computed tomography (CT) scans have been used widely as a diagnostic tool in acute head injury because they are cost-effective, widely available, and detect haemorrhages with high sensitivity. We aimed to study the prevalence of intra and extra axial haemorrhages in patients presenting with head injury in and around Kanchipuram district of Tamil Nadu and also to further identify the commoner types of intracranial haemorrhages associated with such injuries. A retrospective observational study was conducted in the Department Of Radiology, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital for a period of 6 months. Image data from CT scans of the brain were obtained for 50 patients presenting with skull trauma and clinical suspicion of intracranial haemorrhage during the time period from January 2020 to May 2020 and were studied. Based on our study, out of the 50 subjects included it was observed that in the setting of traumatic head injury extra axial hemorrhages are more common than intra axial hemorrhages. Among the type of extra axial hemorrhage , extra dural hemorrhage was far more common than subdural and sub arachnoid hemorrhage especially in presence of skull fractures.


Bangalore is a metropolitan city, and conditions here is suitable for a student to learn the management theories and earn unique exposure to practice better capabilities to become as successful management professional. Thus, the B-Schools of Bangalore sustain challenges to attract suitable students with respect to their objectives and unique features in disseminating management education. The developmentof marketing strategies of the BSchool further essential to be effectively implemented. They also mustascertain customer satisfaction and public image. MBA is more than a PG degree which the students from across the world views as the HOPE of their life. Hence it is important for MBA institutions to effectively craft the two-year study to equip the students with all talents as expected by the market. These agenda of the colleges must be precisely made as marketing strategies to streamline their marketing efforts and increase their enrolment rate. Education is the industry that has seen a huge shift in the status-quo when it comes to marketing. Thus, this paper explores that effectiveMarketing Strategy can alone be the panacea for the B-Schools andMBA educational institutions at Bangalore towards phenomenal growth in future times.


We propose link structures for NoC that have properties for tolerating efficiently transient, intermittent, and permanent errors. This is a necessary step to be taken in order to implement reliable systems in future nanoscale technologies. The protection against transient errors is realized using Hamming coding and interleaving for error detection and retransmission as the recovery method. We introduce two approaches for tackling the intermittent and permanent errors. In the first approach, spare wires are introduced together with reconfiguration circuitry. The other approach uses time redundancy, the transmission is split into two parts, where the data is doubled. In both structures the presence of permanent or intermittent errors is monitored by analyzing previous error syndromes. The links are based on self-timed signaling in which the handshake signals are protected using triple modular redundancy. We present the structures, operation, and designs for the different components
of the links. The fault tolerance properties are analyzed using a fault model containing temporary, intermittent, and permanent faults that occur both as bursts and as single faults. The results show a considerable enhancement in the fault tolerance at the cost of performance and area, and with only a slight increase in power consumption.


A novel method for grouping the fundamental speech features of normal and deaf speakers using a new Modified Self Organising Map (M-SOM) clustering algorithm, and deaf speech enhancement using distance measure is presented. The M-SOM algorithm will automatically categorise the normal and deaf speaker speech features into two different clusters. Its performance is analysed in comparison with SOM and NMTF algorithms. The result obtained reveals that the M-SOM algorithm which is developed by combining the adaptive features of SOM and the Ward clustering methods provides lowest intra and highest inter-clustering and appears to be the best method for deaf speech signals. After clustering estimation of distance metric, termed as correction measure facilitates enhancement of the unclear deaf speech so that it could be understandable to normal speakers. Hence it can be inferred that the suggested method effectively enhances the deaf speech signal for better understanding by a normal listener.


This research investigates electron beam to specification energy to Module that was generalized and schematized difference of curved line after existing V-I efficiency characteristic curve and irradiation. And will analyze cause of Si crystal Solar cell's efficiency addition and subtraction by 80kcV electron beam investigation.


PM2.5 and its bound metals pose a serious threat to human health. Understanding their contamination characteristics and source could provide implication for controlling their spreading and ensuring air quality. In this article, 1,600 of PM2.5 samples were collected from 5 urban sites in Lanzhou, China. The contamination characteristics of PM2.5, its relationship with meteorological factors, and the source of its bound metals were studied based on multiple linear regression analysis, enrichment factor (EF), principal component analysis and correlation analysis. The outcomes show that the PM2.5 concentrations in winter (0.117 mg·m–3) and spring (0.083 mg·m–3) are higher than those in summer (0.043 mg·m–3) and autumn (0.048 mg·m–3). The influence degree of meteorological factors on PM2.5 concentration is in the order of wind speed > atmospheric pressure > temperature > humidity. The major source of Fe and Cu in PM2.5 is construction dust, Pb and As is industrial, and Hg is coal combustion. In addition, Cd, V, Co, and Mn are mainly derived from dust produced by weathering of soil or rock. In general, the spatiotemporal distribution of PM2.5 and its bound metals are different, which is closely related to geographical location, source, and meteorological factors. The results in this article could provide support for the scientific formulation to prevent air pollution in Lanzhou.


Measurement of the ages of seedlings of balsam fir (Abies balsamea (L) Mill.), red spruce (Picea rubens Sarg.), and white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) 15 years after the first harvest of a two-cut shelterwood operation revealed that very few potential crop-tree seedlings in the sample occurred as advance regeneration in the original stand. Relationships among total height, age, and current growth of the samples are reported, as well as the variation in seedling age encountered.


In this paper, Dynamic response and energy harvesting potential of single piezoelectric flag in the uniform flow is analyzed through 2D simulation method. A piezoelectric material named Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF) is used to manufacture the piezoelectric flag. Special example is introduced to analyze the dynamic response and energy harvesting potential in the axial flow. The generated electric voltage and special points' displacement variation with time are presented. The harvesting energy performance is researched. It is found that the flapping of the PVDF flag comes into limit-cycle after a few cycles adjustment and five characteristic points flap with the same cycle at the velocity of 3m/s. the optimal resistance has an inverse proportion relationship with the velocity. With the increase of the inlet velocity the voltage will reach a stable value while the maximum output power will increase persistently. This paper will help to find more efficient energy harvester, and the energy harvester will be able to supply energy for the MEMS in the flow.


Because Q fever is mostly diagnosed serologically, localizing a persistent focus of Coxiella burnetii infection can be challenging. Ffluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (F-FDG PET/CT) could be an interesting tool in this context. We performed a retrospective study on patients diagnosed with C burnetii infection, who had undergone F-FDG PET/CT between 2009 and 2015. When positive F-FDG PET/CT results were obtained, we tried to determine if it changed the previous diagnosis by discovering or confirming a suspected focus of C burnetii infection. One hundred sixty-seven patients benefited from F-FDG PET/CT. The most frequent clinical subgroup before F-FDG PET/CT was patients with no identified focus of infection, despite high IgG1 serological titers (34%). For 59% (n=99) of patients, a hypermetabolic focus was identified. For 62 patients (62.6%), the positive F-FDG PET/CT allowed the diagnosis to be changed. For 24 of them, (38.7%), a previously unsuspected focus of infection was discovered. Forty-two (42%) positive patients had more than 1 hypermetabolic focus.We observed 21 valvular foci, 34 vascular foci, and a high proportion of osteoarticular localizations (n=21). We also observed lymphadenitis (n=27), bone marrow hypermetabolism (n=11), and 9 pulmonary localizations. We confirmed thatF-FDG PET/CT is a central tool in the diagnosis of C burnetii focalized persistent infection. We proposed new diagnostic scores for 2 main clinical entities identified using F-FDG PET/CT: osteoarticular persistent infections and lymphadenitis. Abbreviations: F-FDG PET/CT = F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography, C burnetii = Coxiella burnetii.


The prescription and preparing method of Laofu Shuan was presented in this paper. 107 climacteric female cases with obvious vaginitis syptoms and physical signs were chosen and studied of PH, smear examination and bacterial culture of vagina secretion before and after treatment.The results showed that the cure rate was 82.49%, the improving rate was 17.5% and the total effective rate was 100%. 79 cases were reexaminated in 1.5yr and indicated the cure rate was 69.9% and the effective rate 25.3%, The recurrence was 5.06% and the total effective rate was 94. 94%.


This thesis work has as purpose to identify and characterize the areas prone to landslides on the road to integration neighborhood, in the stretch from Algeria until will puncture Chico of the city of Loja, Ecuador.
In this project were conducted field work and office; applying engineering techniques for obtaining data in the uprisings: Topographical, geological, geomorphological, vegetative cover, in addition to the geotechnical characterization based on direct methods SPT (Standard Penetration Test) and indirect SEV (Vertical Electrical soundings); the same which will be used to correlate the water content in the strata and lithology of the sector.
To obtain the final map of susceptibility to landslides was used the heuristic method in combination with the method of sum of ranges; all this with the help of Geographic Information Systems (ArcGIS 10.1), interpretation of aerial photographs, digital elevation models, resulting in the maps of the four variables with their respective weights: Geology (0.4), Geomorphology (0.3), slopes (0.2), vegetation (0.1), all this procedure was performed under the sequence of the tool "Model Builder"
As a result the main objective, the susceptibility to landslides in the study area was classified into five categories: very low (10.83 %), Low (22.48 %), Medium (19.03 %), high (42.61 %) and Very High (5.05). Also conducted an inventory of landslides with the purpose of correlating with the map of susceptibility, where the majority of them are found in area of high susceptibility, each zone is related to the characterization of the practice on the basis of physical-mechanical properties and SPT of the soil.
The results of this project will make it possible to shade the areas susceptible to slide so that it will be a basis for the implementation of public policies aimed at the prevention of risks in the track and its surroundings, in addition to being key elements within the project of planning and land use management.


The effects of attention to a lead stimulus and of its sensory properties on modulation of the acoustic blink reflex were investigated. Participants performed a reaction time task cued by an acoustic or a visual lead stimulus. In Experiment 1, half the participants were presented with sustained lead stimuli. For the remainder, the lead stimulus was discrete and consisted of two brief presentations that marked the onset and offset of a stimulus-free interval. In Experiment 2, sustained lead stimuli were presented at a low or high intensity. The attentional demands of the task enhanced blink latency and magnitude modulation during acoustic and visual lead stimuli, with blink modulation being largest at a late point during the lead stimulus. Independent of the attentional effects, blink latency and magnitude modulation were larger during sustained than during discrete acoustic lead stimuli, whereas there was no difference for visual lead stimuli. Increases in the intensity of the lead stimulus enhanced blink modulation regardless of lead stimulus modality. Attention to a lead stimulus and the properties of the lead stimulus appear to have independent effects on blink reflex modulation.


Preface to the second edition. Preface to the first edition. List of contributors. Fundamentals of quality assurance. Quality management in welded product design. Designing reliable welded products. The control of quality during shop operations. Quality control of site welding. Defects in welds - their prevention and their significance. The inspection of welds and welded construction. Non-destructive testing of welded joints. Codes and standards relevant to the quality assurance of welded constructions. Index.


Studentification occurs in a college town so that the large number and activity of students and those related to universities affect the condition of the city. The impact of students consists of socio-cultural and economic changes that can be seen in physical changes. In the previous research, these changes often result in conflicts between students and residents, less service for residents, and a worsening physical environment. This study aims to find the contributions of the studentification model in Malang city as one of the college towns in Indonesia that occurs in the area adjacent to the campus Brawijaya University Malang City. The method used in this research is Structural Equation Model Partial Least Square. Data were taken through in-depth interviews and online surveys to 32 neighbourhood leaders as respondents. Some of the findings show additional thought contributions to studentification theory, namely: community sustainability and environmental quality improvement.


The authors contest the conclusion of a report that aspirin or sodium salicylate increase fibrin lysed in blood by 100% and 150% respectively. The in vitro studies were repeated using a diluted whole-blood system enriched with labeled human fibrinogen and clotted with thrombin. The results in this test system show that sodium salicylate slightly potentiates fibrinolysis as reported in the study referred to though this effect was more modest than that induced by anticoagulant in the test tube. It is concluded that an appreciable increase in blood fibrinolysis is induced by aspirin is misleading and may lead to false clinical expectations.


Taking Xiangxi River,a tributary of the Three Gorges Reservoir as the study object, and according to the monitoring data obtained in summer of 2011,the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of nutrients and chlorophyll a in the tributary bay before and after an algal bloom,and their relevance were analyzed. The results showed that the algal bloom lasted during June 21- 29,2011,and the maximal value of chlorophyll a achieved 125. 8 mg·m- 3. The algal bloom had a significant influence on the spatial distribution of DIN and DIP,and the nutrients were at high concentrations in middle reaches,and low concentrations in the estuary,but diminished from the estuary to the upper reaches,and sharply declined in the algal bloom area. The high background concentrations of nutrients in Yangtze River increased the risk of algal blooms in the tributary bay. The outflow position of the Yangtze River water with high background concentrations of nutrients in the Xiangxi River bay was just the region with the most severe algal bloom. The nutrient supply of mainstream water to the tributary bay surface water was the key factor affecting the algal bloom fluctuation.


Map shows types of tobacco production for southern Kentucky, Tennessee, southern Indiana and Ohio, and western West Virginia; railroads, counties, cities, and towns. Includes legend and annual production statistics. Scale [ca. 1:895,000].


What are granular materials, and how can we generate them on computers? How does a granular pile respond to an external force? The author attempts to answer such questions by reviewing a range of granular material theories and numerical simulation techniques.


Direct numerical simulations of the secondary flow and the gas transfer in an open-channel flow with the sidewalls are carried out to investigate the e ff ects of Prandtl's second kind of secondary flow on the turbulence dynamics and the gas transfer at the water surface. Turbulent characteristics on the secondary flow such as the velocity-dip phenomena and counter-rotating vortex pairs near the upper and lower corners are verified to be reproducible in comparisons with existing experimental and numerical results. Turbulent structures visualized based on the second invariant of the velocity gradient tensor make it clear that swirling vortex tubes generate near not only the bed but also the sidewalls of the channel. The turbulence dynamics due to such vortex structures may play important roles in driving the surface velocity divergence. The numerical results don't agree quantitatively with the gas transfer velocity by a surface divergence model. It is concluded from the present results that the secondary flow in open channel influences significantly the gas transfer at the water surface.


This article is an attempt at recreating the portrait of a "Chernobyl Man" created by Svetlana Alexievich in Chernobyl Prayer. The "Chernobyl Man" is a certain psychological type whose psychological portrait is drawn based on their entanglement in the current social and political realities. On the one hand, the "Chernobyl Man" is a typical representative of a homo sovieticus – an individual displaying boundless devotion to the state. On the other hand, this type of man through their relationship with the world is living proof of the spiritual disintegration of the Soviet empire.


This article proposes a quadratic-droop-based fixed-time distributed secondary voltage control of an islanded ac microgrid. The microgrid consists of inverter-based distributed generators, connected over a detail-balanced communication topology with bidirectional unequal edge weights. The proposed voltage restoration strategy is derived from the quadratic relation between voltage and reactive power for inductive microgrids against their linear dependence, which has been conventionally used in designing voltage droop controllers. It has been illustrated that the proposed quadratic-droop-based control design strategy shows better performance as compared with the linear counterpart. We provide a rigorous Lyapunov stability analysis for the proposed controller and also obtain an upper bound on the convergence time, independent of the system's initial conditions. In addition, frequency restoration and proportional active power sharing among the generators are realized in the fixed time. Simulations are provided to verify the efficacy of the proposed controllers, including a comparative analysis with conventional droop control and finite-time control through a case study.


This paper aimed to provide an understanding of the importance of increasing competence in using the internet as a medium for marketing and promoting the results of household industry products that it engages in through e-commerce. Strategic approaches used in the implementation of activities. community service is in the form of face-to-face strategy and training, where the implementers of this activity come to the location of the activity in providing training materials. The material and the exercises are arranged with the concept as simple as possible, so that participants can explore more deeply through exercises and questions and answers with the instructor throughout the training process. During the training participants can discuss problems encountered under the direction and guidance of the instructor, especially those related to the material presented. The results of the activity are expected to have a positive impact on the community, especially home industry entrepreneurs who are able to create and implement e-commerce in marketing and promoting home industry businesses in Kenagarian VII Koto Talago Kec. Guguak Kab. Lima Puluh Kota.


ystic fibrosis (CF), an autosomal recessive disease affecting eccrine and exocrine gland funcC tion, has an incidence of 1 per 1600-2000 births in Caucasians (1). Chronic pulmonary disease, which is present in 97% of adult CF patients, is one result of the viscid mucous gland secretions and is the major cause of morbidity and mortality. Chronic bronchitis and bronchopneumonia are a constant threat to CF patients. Pulmonary toilet must be maintained with a regimen of exercise, deep breathing and coughing, and chest physical therapy. We present a case of CF exacerbation due to bronchopneumonia in which severe pleuritic chest pain was managed with epidural fentanyl, allowing aggressive pulmonary toilet.


Phosphorous (Pi) acquisition in limiting environment is a complex phenomenon and different plants adopt different strategies for their survival. Efforts for crop improvements in terms of Pi acquisition in phosphorus deficient environment are hindered by involvements of several complex cross-talks; therefore we examined the effect of phosphorous deficiency and involvement of cytokinin pathway in rice plants. Japonica rice seedlings were grown on three Pi concentrations including, i) Pc: control seedlings grown on normal Pi concentration (45 μM), ii) P1/2: Pi deficient conditions with 22.5 μM Pi and iii) P0: Pi starved conditions. Our data showed significant increase (p < 0.05) in shoot and adventitious root lengths under Pi deprived conditions along with thin and comparatively longer primary roots than Pc. Despite of physiological responses, up-regulation of phosphate transporter proteins and their respective genes in roots has confirmed the enhanced phosphorous absorption and mobilization through roots in response to Pi deficiency. Reduced cortex cell number and enlarged size of root apical meristem region in phosphorous deficient/starved plants were complemented with addition of exogenous cytokinin (0.1 μM BA), provides an evidence of involvement of root tips in Pi sensing due to increased surface area and cytokinin pathway interaction to facilitate Pi acquisition. Similarly, down regulation of type-B response regulator (OsRR6 and OsRR9/10) and up-regulation of isopentenyltransferases (OsIPT7) in the phosphorous deficient rice roots have implicated antagonistic interaction of cytokinin with Pi signaling pathways in this particular rice variety. Rice varietal screening can help to elucidate differential modifications in general responses under Pi deficient conditions to improve future agronomic practices and future biotechnological strategies of crop improvements. © 2018 Friends Science Publishers


This paper reports on the behaviour of 10 experimental crown fires conducted between 1997 and 2000 during the International Crown Fire Modelling Experiment (ICFME) in Canada's Northwest Territories. The primary goal of ICFME was a replicated series of high-intensity crown fires designed to validate and improve existing theoretical and empirical models of crown fire behaviour. Fire behaviour characteristics were typical for fully developed boreal forest crown fires, with fires advancing at 15–70 m/min, consuming significant quantities of fuel (2.8–5.5 kg/m2) and releasing vast amounts of thermal heat energy. The resulting flame fronts commonly extended 25–40 m above the ground with head fire intensities up to 90 000 kW/m. Depth of burn ranged from 1.4–3.6 cm, representing a 25%–65% reduction in the thickness of the forest floor layer. Most of the smaller diameter (<3.0 cm) woody surface fuels were consumed, along with a significant proportion of the larger downed woody material. A high degree of fuel consu...


Introduction: Drugs in the Workplace, Y.H. Caplan, Ph.D., DABFT, and M.A. Huestis, Ph.D. An Overview of the Mandatory Guidelines for Federal Workplace Drug Testing Programs, D.M. Bush, Ph.D., DABFT The U.S. Department of Transportation's Workplace Testing Program, K.C. Edgell, M.S. Drug Testing in the Nuclear Power Industry: The NRC Fitness-for-Duty Rules, T.F. Shults, J.D., M.S. Workplace Drug Testing outside the U.S., A.Pierce, M.Sc., M.B.A. Analytical Considerations and Approaches for Drugs, D.S. Isenschmid, Ph.D. and B.A. Goldberger, Ph.D. Analytical Approaches for Drugs in Biological Matrices Other Than Urine, P. Kintz, Pharm.D., Ph.D., M. Villain, M.S., and V. Cirimele, Ph.D. Interpreting Alternative Matrix Test Results, E.J. Cone, Ph.D., A. Sampson-Cone, Ph.D., and M.A. Huestis, Ph.D. Specimen Validity Testing, Y.H. Caplan, Ph.D., DABFT The Role of the Medical Review Officer in Workplace Drug Testing, J.A. Thomasino, M.D., M.S., FACPM Quality Practices in Workplace Drug Testing, J.M. Mitchell, Ph.D. and F.M. Esposito, Ph.D. Legal Issues in Workplace Drug Testing, T.F. Shults, J.D., M.S. Index


It has been observed that animals of the same species are of different sizes and shapes in different climates (French, 2014). We questioned what factors could contribute to this size variance. A similar scenario has been described; however, it did not provide concrete results to answer this question (French, 2014). Our group hypothesized that objects with greater surface area to volume ratios will vary in temperature more over time than ones with smaller surface area to volume ratios when placed in cooler climates because there is more area exposed to the environment relative to size (body length, extremities length and size, etc.). We decided to test the rate of change in temperature in multiple objects representing the variously sized species in different climates in a controlled environment to have optimal results to compare. This is essential to the survival of animals in different habitats.