Anthelmintics are commonly used to control gastrointestinal nematodes in Alberta. Integrating different management practices with chemotherapy offers the most effective, practical and economic means of controlling parasites in ruminants (1,2). Such integrated programs must consider the therapeutic or prophylactic use of the anthelmintics and determine the cost-benefit involved in the management of cattle, pastures and other farm operations. The economic advantage of parasite control is sometimes difficult to demonstrate. This is especially true in the case of cow/calf operations (2). In obvious clinical parasitism, the course of action is usually clear, but in the case of subclinical parasitism, the economic benefit has often been questioned (3). Cow/calf beef production systems in Alberta traditionally consist of late winter and early spring born calves remaining with their dams on pasture until weaned in the fall. Treatment with broad-spectrum anthelmintics is usually given at weaning, and often during spring and/or midsummer. Recent research in Alberta has demonstrated that spring and midsummer may not be the most economical times for treatment (4,5). In cow/calf operations, the benefit of treatment is usually measured by weight gains at weaning. Previous evaluation of anthelmintic programs conducted in Georgia showed that cows treated twice and calves treated thrice with morantel tartrate during the growing season had average weight gain advantages of 28.8 and 11.1 kg more than controls, respectively (6). A follow-up study showed that cows treated once and calves treated twice with ivermectin gained 13.0 and 15.9 kg more than controls, respectively (7). In a recent study (2), cows treated once in early July and calves treated once in late July or early August had average weight gain advantages of 4.4 and 12.5 kg, respectively over nonmedicated counterparts. The purpose of the present study was to determine the efficacy of ivermectin when the cow treatment is eliminated and calves are treated twice during the growing season. Efficacy is based on fecal egg counts, and performance on growth rates of calves. The present field trial was conducted on a private cow/calf operation in Athabasca, Alberta. Two herds of cows and their calves (50% Hereford with 50%7o exotic Charolais, Simmental, Blonde d'Aquataine) were used. The treated group consisted of 44 cows and 44 calves. The nonmedicated control consisted of 45 cows and 45 calves. Cattle in the treated and con-


To establish a quantitative method for determination of binary mixtures. The absorption spectrum of the mixture is obtained and the amplitudes at appropriate wavelengths are divided by the corresponding amplitudes in the absorption spectrum of a standard solution of one of the components, and the first derivative of the ratio spectrum is obtained. The concentration of the other component is then determined from a calibration graph. The method has been applied for resolving the quantitative detemination of diphenhydramine in Baichuanpeng tablets, the dissolvent was water with the detection wavelength at 257 nm. The Linearity of icariin was good ( r - 0.999 7 ) in range of 80.0- 120.0 μg·ml-1 ,The average recovery was 101.2% ,RSD of repeatability was 2. 6%. The method was convenient, rapid, accurate and reliable for determination of binary mixtures.


The invention relates to a method for optimizing an orbital transfer strategy of a geostationary orbit satellite, which comprises the following steps of: 1, determining orbital transfer times, orbital transfer circle times and the controlled variable of each-time orbital transfer; and 2, determining time and a thrust direction in each-time orbital transfer. The process of launching the geostationary orbit satellite at present generally comprises the following steps of: launching the satellite into a highly elliptic transfer orbit with an inclination angle by using a carrier rocket; performing apogee/perigee orbital transfer for several times by using a self-contained liquid engine of the satellite, and transferring to a geosynchronous orbit; and correcting and rounding the inclination angle of the orbit to realize a geostationary orbit. For the satellite, operation for changing the transfer orbit into the geostationary orbit by performing apogee/perigee orbital transfer for several times is complex, so too many orbital transfer times is not suitable, and orbital transfer complexity and risk are prevented from being increased; in addition, factors such as the capacity of the liquid engine of the satellite, arc segment loss in an orbital transfer period, and the like are considered, so too few orbital transfer times is not suitable.


Purpose

To address requirements and specifications of construction project, academics need to build a project classification model. In recent years, project success concept, particularly on large-scale construction projects, has been a controversial issue, especially in developing countries. Hence, in this paper, after introducing a sustainable success index (SSI), a novel method called "rough set approach" had been adopted to induce decision rules and to classify construction projects. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach

At first, 20 effective success factors and 15 success criteria based on three pillars of sustainability of economy, society and environment had been categorized. The research data used for analysis had been collected from 26 large-scale construction projects in Iran and five other countries. After collecting data collection, observations had been analyzed and 51 decision rules were generated, and the projects were classified. Eventually, in order to evaluate the performance of the generated rules, confusion matrix was applied, and the model was validated.

Findings

The results of the present study show that rough set theory (RST) can be an effective and valuable tool for building expert systems. Practical applications of these results along with limitations and future research are described.

Originality/value

Perhaps for the first time, in the present study, a number of large-scale construction projects are classified based on SSI. Applying RST for building rule-based system and classifying projects in construction project area are novel attempts undertaken in this paper. The rules induced in this study can be applied to develop a sustainable success prediction model in the future studies.


We present in this paper the methods that were used to detect appearance defects on turkey carcasses on a slaughter line. In order to compare two segmentation methods, we also propose means to estimate the quality of detection in an objective way. We show in this paper that the use of color histograms turn out to be an efficient solution to such a problem, when the color gamut is confined and the color classes are close to each other. Also, the methods presented in this paper can easily be used for similar problems and are suitable for hi-speed color detection.


In perspective, the Chinese diplomatic move and Japanese response appear to be a step forward in the direction of bringing a measure of thaw to their age old chilled relations. Seen in retrospect to what it used to be in the past, in particular during the six year stint of Japanese Premier Junichiro Koizumi, ending in 2006. The relationship went beyond diplomatic niceties and was damaging to commercial interests. Amidst opposition and criticism, Yukio Hatoyama, the Japanese Premier, worked overnight to secure the appointment. In his off-the-cuff remarks, Xi reportedly said: "I hope my visit will contribute to the development of friendly co-operation between the two countries and boost friendship between the two peoples."


In this report, the development of specially customized Linux environment and interface PCB to communicate with sensors and actuators are described. The difference conventional learning environment of the "Measurement and Control" for teacher training course is the embracement of independent Linux board "Raspberry Pi" and specially made Arduino add-on board. By using this "wireless and headless" learning material with the student's own PC, they could continue to operate programming language "Dolittle" from on their PC with its screen to the display of remote desktop of Raspberry Pi running "Dolittle" on it smoothly, and they tried to finish their project with keeping engagement.


In certain localities within the state par ticular viruses may cause more damage than others. In central Florida tobacco etch, to bacco mosaic, and potato Y viruses were most frequently encountered by Anderson and Corbett (1). Simons (15, 17) found the cu cumber mosaic and potato Y viruses most detrimental in south Florida. Occurrence of the latter disease has been correlated with potato production (14).


Lightweight ciphers (e.g., Katan) are crucial for secure communication for resource-constrained devices. The Katan cipher algorithm was proposed for low-resource devices. This paper examines implementing Katan Cipher on field programmable gate array (FPGA) platform. The paper discusses several implementations, with 80-bits key size and 64-bits block size. The energy and power dissipations are examined to select the optimum design. Models for resources and power are derived with average error of 12% and 17%.


In the fault diagnosis technology of progressing cavity pump well,the signals of active power can fully reflect the status of progressing cavity pump wells.A fault diagnosis method for cavity pump wells based on wavelet analysis and Elman neural network was proposed.This method used wavelet time-frequency analysis technology for de-noising and filtering of active power signals,used 3-layer db4 wavelet packet to decomposition fault signal of different frequencies,extracted fault feature based on changes in band power spectrum,then used Elman neural network to identify the fault.By use of Matlab simulation,the results show that this method can effectively improve the diagnostic accuracy of progressing cavity pump wells.


Those who have been following developments in the area of electronic discovery are aware that the performance of a predictive coding process is typically characterized in terms the metrics of recall, yield, precision and elusion. Recall – the proportion of predicted responsives in the actual responsive population – is arguably the metric that matters most to the demanding party in a litigation. However, the estimation of recall presents a greater sampling challenge than the estimation of the other metrics. After providing basic definitions of these terms, this paper investigates the use of elusion as an indirect means of estimating recall, or at least of assuring a certain level of recall. The paper sets forth a simple mathematical framework, and some related graphs, to provide a visualization of the circumstances under which low elusion reliably indicates high recall (and the circumstances in which it does not). Within this framework, the paper also demonstrates the issues associated with low yield rates. In low yield situations, sample sizes must be increased in order to meet confidence standards. Future research will investigate methods for optimizing sample sizes in estimating recall. 1 Definitions and Terminology 1.1 Information Retrieval Grid Those who have been following developments in the area of electronic discovery ("eDiscovery"), and particularly predictive coding, will have some familiarity with the following "information retrieval" grid:


Given the impossibility of simulating some aspects of Electronic Instrumentation during the confinement period, the idea of improvising a data acquisition system (DAQ) using an Arduino board and some additional software came up. The goal was that the students could safely have at home all the necessary components for the development of this non-simulated practice in times of pandemic, without giving up anything in terms of teaching content. The result was very well received by students and teachers.


In the June 2011 edition of CAP Today, then-College of American Pathologists (CAP) President Stephen N. Bauer, MD, authored an article titled ''50 Ways to Leave the Basement.'' In addition to challenging pathologists and laboratory professionals to redefine pathology for our clinical colleagues, patients, and the public, the article provided specific examples of how to do so. One particular line stands out: ''To secure our place in the evolving landscape, we must become aggressive intellectual and economic capitalists.'' Aggressive, one might say, is too strong or that it connotes adversarial undertones, but aggressive we must become, as we calmly and confidently guide a detailed, well-informed dialogue highlighting our critical role in patient care. We are physicians after all, having been educated alongside colleagues who went on to become internists, neurosurgeons, and radiologists to name a few. However, legislators, clinicians, and patients are often unclear on the role of pathology as a specialty and our ability to direct cost-effective, quality care by merging diagnostic skills with guidance on ancillary testing and patient management. Similarly, as pathologists, we are often unaware of the potential effect we can and should have on the changing face of medicine. We can accomplish our collective goals and take an active stand in the evolution of health care by focusing on 3 primary objectives—that is, to educate, to motivate, and to cultivate. This article will focus on applying those objectives within the arena of health care policy.


In this paper,in order to investigate the system performance and applicability of a small vertical borehole ground-coupled heat pump system applied in Shanghai,a test rig was established.Under typical heating and cooling conditions,the inlet and outlet water temperatures,the heat transfer capacity of ground heat exchanger and the performance of heat pump unit were measured and analyzed.The conclusions could be used to instruct engineering design of the vertical borehole ground-coupled heat pump system in Shanghai and provide reference for further theoretical analysis.


According to delayed feedback control method and phase space compression method,an improved method of delayed feedback scheme is proposed,which can be applied to control chaostic systems not only with one atteactor,but also with mutil-attractors,because of it overcomes Pyragas's shortcoming of no stabilizing the chaotic system into a dirsed orbit embeded in different attractor expediently.Take Bonhoeffer-van der Pol system as example,validity of the method is verified numerically for controlling two-attractors.It is indicated that the improved technique can stabilize a chaotic system into a desired periodic orbit simply,by adding an appropriate phase space limiter to the delayed feedback control.


Summary First reports of chromosome numbers in the following families of Annoniflorae, suborder Laurineae, are presented: Gomortegaceae (Gomortega nitida, 2n = 24), Gyrocarpaceae (Gyrocarpus americanus, n = 15), and Lactoridaceae (Lactoris fernandeziana, 2n = c. 40). For Monimiaceae, the most important basic number for subfamily Monimioideae is x = 19, while other numbers must be confirmed. The recently segregated Siparunaceae and Atherospermataceae have x = 22. Further chromosomal work in Monimiaceae s. lat. is strongly urged. Recent reports (Raven and Kyhos, 1965; Ehrendorfer, et al. 1968) have added a great deal to our knowledge of the chromosomes and relationships of the Annoniflorae (Magnoliidae, Polycarpicae, Ranales s.1.), and offer strong evidence for n =7 as the original basic chromosome number of the angiosperms (see also Stebbins, 1966). Despite these advances, certain gaps in our knowledge still remain, particularly for the large and diverse group of families treated by Thorne (1968) as the suborder Laurineae. The purpose of the present paper is to record chromosome numbers for the families Gomortegaceae, Gyrocarpaceae, and Lactoridaceae, for which chromosomal information has not previously been available, and to comment upon chromosomal evidence as it bears on relationships in this group as a whole. The most diverse of these families, both morphologically and chromosomally, has been the Monimiaceae. Recently Schodde (1970) has made a valuable contribution to our understanding of this alliance with the segregation of two families from Monimiaceae sens. lat., Atherospermataceae and Siparunaceae. Atherospermataceae, corresponding to Monimiaceae subfamily Atherospermatoideae (Money, Bailey and Swamy, 1950), consist of seven genera of tall trees of Australasia and Chile. In this group, 2n-44 has been reported for one species each of Laurelia and Daphnandra, and we can now add the same chromosome count for a second species of Daphnandra, yet to be described by R. Schodde from the Illawarra district of New South Wales (from Schodde 5183, Yellow Rock Creek, near Albion Park, N.S.W.; vouchers in CANB, NSW, DS). Ehrendorfer et al. (1968) reported 2n=c. 82 for Doryphora sassafras Endl., one of the two species of an eastern Australian genus related to Laurelia and Dryadodaphne (R. Schodde, pers. comm.). Our own studies suggested a chromosome number of 2n-c. 86 for this species (from Schodde 5183, Lyons Road, Currowan Creek, Currowan State Forest, N.S.W.; vouchers in CANB, NSW, and DS). It seems likely that the chromosome number will ultimately prove to be 2n= 88, an exact multiple of the numbers in Laurelia and


Drag reduction characteristics of underwater rocket depth were researched based on Fluent software.A new method was proposed which can finish supplement air at the middle of rocket depth to reduce drag.Through analysis of two influencing factors,i.e.dive speed and ventilation,flow field calculation results of rocket depth at the speed range 8~100 m/s were obtained.The results show that supplementing air at the middle projectile can effectively reduce drag and the maximum drag reduction ratio attains 25%;the drag of underwater rocket depth decreases when ventilation increases.At constant ventilation,drag reduction efficiency increases when dive speed decreases.The calculation results fit well with the experimental results.


Objective To prepare a monoclonal antibody(McAb) against Trichinella spiralis (T.s) adult and study its protective immunity. Methods BALB/c mice were immunized with soluble antigens of 3 day adult of T.s. Immnuized spleen cells of BALB/c mice were fused with myeloma cells sp2/0. The hybridoma culture supernatant was isotyped by the Ouchterlony double diffusion technique and the specificity of the McAb was determined by immunoblotting. The protective immunity of the McAb was detected after challenging the mice by the intravenous way. Results A McAb against T.s adult was obtained. The titer of culture fluid and ascetic fluid was 1∶6 400 and 1∶204 800, respectively. This McAb was identified as IgM. Western blotting results showed this McAb can be used to identify 40 000 protein of adult worm, muscle larvae and newborn larvae of T.s. No cross reactions with antigens of Ascaris suum Goeze, Taenia solium Linnaeus, Echinococcus granulosus and Schistosoma were oberserved. The number of muscle larvae was decreased by 55.63% when giving McAb to mice intravenously. Conclusions A species specific McAb against T.s adult was established and its protective immunity was identified. This McAb can be used as a powerful tool in screening Trichinella vaccine candidates.


The study aims to analyze the prevalence and factors associated with the presence of the First Contact Access attribute in Primary Health Care services in the municipalities belonging to the 4th Regional Health Coordination. This is a multilevel observational cross-sectional study on two levels: individual (health professionals) and contextual (municipalities), carried out with health professionals at a higher level, in the Primary Health Care services of the municipalities belonging to the 4th Regional Health Coordination Individual data were collected using a socio-economic questionnaire and the Primary Care Assessment Tool-Brasil version professionals. Contextual data on official websites of the Brazilian Federal Government. There were no individual variables with statistical significance in the presence of the First Contact Access attribute. Among the contextual ones, only the population size was shown to be statistically significant for the presence of the attribute, with municipalities with up to five thousand inhabitants having the highest prevalence of this attribute in Primary Health Care. The results found show that the factor associated with the presence of First Contact Access in Primary Health Care that showed statistical significance for its prevalence was the small population size of the cities surveyed. This shows that municipalities with a smaller population have better access to this level of care. This study contributes to the knowledge about the theme, since it makes it possible to identify the context that most influences the prevalence of First Contact Access, contributing to direct the aspect to be explored in new studies. In order to recognize that there are still barriers of access to be overcome in order to guarantee the effectiveness of Primary Health Care.


Regularisation remains a strategic site for studying the political economy of migrant socio-economic incorporation. Research suggests that immigrant regularisation policies improve labour market opportunities for undocumented migrant workers in host societies – particularly those engaged in the informal economy. However, research on regularisation remains focused on national-level policy efforts, despite increased political activity by sub-national levels of government on immigration issues across migrant-receiving societies. This article identifies and examines local migrant labour market regularisations – a new political geography of labour market regulation – and explores the potential of these policies to influence labour market mobility and opportunity for irregular migrants in the US. Using data on 5,528 policy ordinances across 3,067 city, counties, and states, implementation trends across four local migrant labour market regularisation policy domains were analysed for the time period 2001–2014. Case studies of local-level government activism within each policy domain are also presented. Findings indicate that the implementation of local migrant labour market regularisations in the US has become increasingly unfavourable towards migrant workers and that within these new political geographies, local governments are emerging as central actors in shaping migrant labour market opportunities. The article concludes by reflecting on the implications these new political geographies present for the economic incorporation of irregular migrants and their role in constructing a new scalar reality of migrant labour market regulation. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


This utility model discloses one automatic balanced suspension mechanism for mast-type sprayer. It is expected to provide one automatic balanced suspension mechanism of mast-type sprayer that features high spraying quality and high working reliability. It includes one base frame and the hoisting frame installed on the base frame. Between the base frame and the hoisting frame is a buffer hoisting mechanism that consists of two single-groove pulleys, two double-groove pulleys, lifting oil cylinder, two wire ropes, two hoisting rods, two buffer springs, spring baffle plate and two bearing rollers. The lower cross beam of the lifting frame has a trapezoid four-rod damping balance mechanism. This trapezoid four-rod damping balance mechanism consists of nozzle mast trapezoid frame, connecting plate and two pneumatically damping cylinders. This utility model is applicable as an accessory to large and medium-size mast-type sprayer.


Progression of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is highly variable [1] and it is clinically challenging to effectively manage care and tailor treatment regimens using antifibrotic medications, such as nintedanib and pirfenidone, on a patient-specific basis [2]. Clinical evaluation of the functional response to these treatments is limited largely to pulmonary function tests (PFTs) (e.g. forced vital capacity (FVC), percentage predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) [3] and/or progression-free survival [4]). The development of more sensitive biomarkers that can provide longitudinal evaluation of regional treatment response would have meaningful clinical utility. Hyperpolarised (HP) xenon-129 (129Xe) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has shown potential for evaluating both regional ventilation and gas exchange, with a strong focus on applications in IPF [5–7]. Specifically, HP 129Xe MRI spectroscopy measures of red blood cell (RBC) 129Xe uptake across the lung tissue and plasma barrier (hereafter "membrane") from the alveolar space, called the RBC-to-membrane ratio, has been shown to be a possible biomarker of future IPF disease progression [8]. A measure of regional gas exchange on HP 129Xe MRI was able to detect apparent improvements in IPF patients treated with antifibrotic medication after 1 year, while no such improvements were found in patients treated with conventional therapies https://bit.ly/3ZXipzD


The assessment of whole body amino acid and protein metabolism from tracer kinetic data to describe healthy conditions and disease states has been widely performed for many years by means of primed-constant infusion protocols that only provide limited non-compartmental information. Given the critical and clinical importance of such topic, there is a need for a more accurate, detailed modeling of Phenylalanine (Phe) and Tyrosine (Tyr) metabolism to describe whole body protein synthesis and breakdown in humans, especially as far as pulse protocols are concerned. In this thesis, two compartmental models of Phe and Tyr metabolism in healthy subjects were developed, by using two stable isotope tracer pulses administered intravenously. Kinetic analysis was performed on the three tracer responses in plasma expressed by tracer-tracee ratios and obtained by LC-MS/MS by isotope dilution. The simplest model (Model 1) provides an important and physiologically relevant overview of Phe and Tyr metabolism (in terms of intervals of validity) than the non-compartmental approaches presented in the past. One of the limit case scenarios (Model 1.a) described by this model shows results that are compatible with those found using less structurally complex approaches. Nevertheless, the other limit case scenario (Model 1.b) is likely to be better representative of changes in protein synthesis and breakdown in tissues like muscle, thanks to the development of a more complex and elaborate compartmental model (Model 2). This last model provides accurate estimates for all the unknown parameters, gathers innovative and detailed structural informations for the metabolism of Phe-Tyr kinetics and was validated by using results from a continuous infusion experiment on pigs. The models presented in this thesis could serve not only as a useful reference for a more complete and physiologically based overview of the Phe and Tyr metabolic pathways but they could also guide future developments in the modeling of amino acids characterized by resembling structural properties. By describing the postabsorptive whole body protein kinetics in healthy humans the models provide a direction to accurately and comprehensively assess alterations in whole body protein synthesis and breakdown rates in disease states.


Count-min is a general-purpose data stream summary technique, which can be used to answer multiple types of approximate queries such as multiplicity (a.k.a point) queries, join and self-join size estimations, and it has some nice properties such as the one-sided error guarantee, better space bounds and more accurate estimates for highly skewed data in comparison with the best known alternatives. However, based on our experiments for multiplicity queries and self-join size estimations on both synthetic and real data sets, we find that in practice the previous Countmin estimation algorithms only perform well when the data set is highly skewed; in other cases, these algorithms give much less accurate results than Fast-AGMS (a.k.a Countsketch), which is an improvement based on the influential sketching technique, AMS sketch. In this paper, based on the existing Count-min data structure, we propose two new estimation algorithms for multiplicity queries and self-join size estimations, which significantly improve the estimation accuracies compared with the previous Count-min estimation algorithms when the data set is less skewed, exactly where the previous algorithms perform poorly. Moreover, we show both in theory and in practice that the performance of our algorithms are very similar to that of Fast-AGMS regardless of input data distributions. Thus, with both the new and previous estimation algorithms, we argue that Count-min is more flexible and powerful than Fast-AGMS, because Count-min performs almost the same as Fast-AGMS in terms of both estimation accuracy and time efficiency using our new estimation algorithms, while Count-min exhibits other nice properties using the previous estimation algorithms as mentioned before.


In their article, Brown and colleagues show that the single spot measurement of plasma aldosterone concentration that clinicians have used for decades to screen for primary aldosteronism is mislead...


While prior work has proposed a number of algorithms for computing aliases in C programs[5][6][7], there has been relatively little evaluation of these algorithms[1]. This paper proposes an interface that gives standard dataflow analysis and visualization clients access to "may alias" and "must alias" results produced by multiple alias analysis implementations. The clients can use this abstract interface without knowing about the implementation or representation of any particular alias analysis. This interface will provide a solid base for future experimentation with various precision alias analyses across a number of scalar analyses. In addition, we believe that it will provide a springboard for more parallelism enhancing optimizations in C programs. We present a detailed example of an alias analysis client to give the reader a flavor for using the interface. We expect that this interface will make it easy for SUIF compiler writers to use analysis results for their own applications. This paper can be seen as a users guide for incorporating alias analysis results into other analyses. The interface is still a work in progress and, while the current implementations of it should enhance standard scalar analysis, we expect to extend the interface to support more advanced analyses. As a proof of concept, we present some of the clients that we have already implemented as well as the applications that we are building.


Dynamic system management may involve interaction between independent decision-making components which can lead to conflicts. Policy-based Managers Coordination (PobMC) was proposed as an adaptive framework that may handle such conflicts. In PobMC, policies are used to adapt the system behavior, coordinate managers' tasks and allow us to decouple the adaptation concerns from the application code. Thus, it is required to ensure whether the governing policies are enforced correctly. In this paper we check and evaluate the dynamic conflict avoidance algorithm proposed in our previous works. Policy combination algorithms (PACs) concepts are used in the analysis and the evaluation to avoid policy conflicts and to reach a unique decision.


Binzhou City,the existing small scale agricultural production,agricultural machinery industry was lagging behind the developed areas.Large tractors,combine harvesters and other agricultural products,lack of effective supply,a small amount of agricultural industrial products due to low technical content,quality and performance issues exist.Optimize the structure of agricultural machinery and equipment,strengthening government support for agricultural innovation,improve the service system and other corresponding measures of implementation,Binzhou City,the future agricultural development has a very active role.


Azides, which are extremely rare in biological systems, are emerging as attractive chemical handles for bioconjugation.[1–5] In particular, the CuI catalyzed 1,3-dipolar cyclization of azides with terminal alkynes to give stable triazoles[6, 7] has been employed for the tagging of a variety of biomolecules,[8–12] activity-based protein profiling,[13] and the chemical synthesis of microarrays and small molecule libraries.[14]


Sexual selection, Cognition, Monogamy, Polygyny, Home ABSTRACT Many sex differences are likely to be adaptive conse- quences of sexual selection. Sex differences in spatial ability are well de- scribed for Homo sapiens and laboratory rodents, and such cognitive traits may also be shaped by sexual selection. An evolutionary model is outlined to predict the distribution of these sex differences across species. Sex dif- ferences in spatial ability were previously believed to be universal among mammals, but the evolutionary model has correctly predicted that such differences will evolve only in species where mobility has different effects on male and female fitness. Wild microtine rodents are particularly useful for testing this model. Radiotelemetric data from field studies of ranging behavior, data from lab- oratory studies of maze learning, and neuroanatomical data on the hippo- campus, a structure believed to be critically involved in spatial processing, all support the model. Several alternative explanations for sex differences in spatial ability are reviewed and evaluated. The proximate developmental basis of these sex differences is discussed, and an attempt is made to inte- grate developmental and evolutionary perspectives. Several promising fu- ture research directions are outlined. o 1992 Wiley-Liss, Inc. In most of the life sciences, our understanding of ontogeny and of evolution proceed relatively independently, despite the history of alleged connections be- tween the two. For example, among researchers who study sex differences, some focus on proximate, ontogenetic factors and others investigate the evolutionary forces that ultimately shape and constrain ontogeny. As a result, findings from one area often have a delayed and uneven influence on research in the other. While most of what follows is explicitly evolutionary, an attempt has been made to mesh these findings with current knowledge about the underlying ontogenetic mecha- nisms. We have made considerable progress in understanding how sexual selection (Darwin, 1871) fosters sexual dimorphism (Bateman, 1948, 1949; Trivers, 1972; Wade, 1979; Lande, 1980; Rogers and Mukherjee, 1992). Sexual selection is a type of disruptive selection that favors one phenotype in females and a different phe- notype in males. This kind of disruptive selection should be strong in species with non-monogamous mating systems because, in these mating systems, optimal male and female phenotypes diverge (Williams, 1966; Trivers, 1972). Specifically, sex differences evolve where males and females differ in their maximum reproductive rates (Clutton-Brock and Vincent, 1991). In the most monogamous breeding pop- ulations, the reproductive rates of the two sexes converge. Under these conditions disruptive selection for male and female characters is weak and sex differences are minimal (Kleiman, 1977). Conversely, in most species of primates, including Homo


In the following study, displaced Puerto Rican mothers and I created and explored a learning space – culture circles – that engaged participants in a critical cycle of problem posing, dialogue, and problem solving in relation to their experiences in the receiving Pennsylvania community. Using a qualitative, ethnographic approach, the study drew from Critical Pedagogy (CP), raciolinguistics, and a Community Cultural Wealth (CCW) framework to inform data collection and analysis. Individual interviews, culture circle meeting recordings, field notes, and digital artefacts created by four focal participants help illustrate how these mothers navigate the US school system and the wider receiving community in southern Pennsylvania. Moreover, the data reflect how racism in this context is based predominantly on families' language practices. Despite mothers facing significant challenges due to race/ethnicity, language, class, and gender, this study highlights the conversations that displaced Puerto Rican mothers engaged in regarding the impact racism had in their everyday lives. Furthermore, the space we created allowed participants to share and model their accumulated linguistic, social, and resistant capital for their children's academic success.


This paper presents an analysis of control trajectories for indirect and direct control of interior permanent magnet (IPM) synchronous motor drives. Since the inputs to the inner torque control loop of direct torque control (DTC) are the references for the torque and the amplitude of the stator flux linkage (lambdas), rather than id-iq plane in the indirect control, are transformed into the T-lambdas, plane. The experimental results show the excellent performance of the indirect and direct torque controller, incorporating control trajectories.


Binary neutron star merger (BNSM) offers an environment where fast neutrino-flavor conversion (FFC) can vividly occur, that potentially leads to a considerable change of neutrino radiation field. In this Letter, we investigate global features of FFC by general relativistic quantum kinetic neutrino transport simulations in spatial axisymmetry. Our result suggests that global advection of neutrinos plays a crucial role in FFC dynamics. Although flavor conversions occur ubiquitously in the early phase, they can be active only in a narrow region in the late phase. This region includes an ELN-XLN Zero Surface (EXZS), corresponding to a surface where electron-neutrinos lepton number (ELN) equals to heavy-leptonic one (XLN). The EXZS is not stationary, but dynamically evolve in a time scale of global advection. We also find that neutrinos can undergo a flavor swap when they pass through the EXZS, resulting in qualitatively different neutrino radiation fields between both sides of EXZS. Our result suggests that EXZS is one of the key ingredients to characterize FFC in BNSM.


Gas hydrates, acting as a dynamic methane reservoir, store methane in the form of a solid phase under high-pressure and low-temperature conditions and release methane through the sediment column into seawater when they are decomposed. The seepage of methane-rich fluid (i.e., cold hydrocarbon seeps) fuels the chemosynthetic biota-inhabited surface sediments and represents the major pathway to transfer carbon from sediments to the water column. Generally, the major biogeochemical reactions related to carbon cycling in the anoxic marine sediments include organic matter degradation via sulfate reduction (OSR), anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM), methanogenesis (ME), and carbonate precipitation (CP). In order to better understand the carbon turnover in the cold seeps and gas hydrate-bearing areas of the northern South China Sea (SCS), we collected geochemical data of 358 cores from published literatures and retrieved 37 cores and corresponding pore water samples from three areas of interest (i.e., Xisha, Dongsha, and Shenhu areas). Reaction-transport simulations indicate that the rates of organic matter degradation and carbonate precipitation are comparable in the three areas, while the rates of AOM vary over several orders of magnitude (AOM: 8.3-37.5 mmol·m-2·yr-1 in Dongsha, AOM: 12.4-170.6 mmol·m-2·yr-1 in Xisha, and AOM: 9.4-30.5 mmol·m-2·yr-1 in Shenhu). Both the arithmetical mean and interpolation mean of the biogeochemical processes were calculated in each area. Averaging these two mean values suggested that the rates of organic matter degradation in Dongsha (25.7 mmol·m-2·yr-1) and Xisha (25.1 mmol·m-2·yr-1) are higher than that in Shenhu (12 mmol·m-2·yr-1) and the AOM rate in Xisha (135.2 mmol·m-2·yr-1) is greater than those in Dongsha (27.8 mmol·m-2·yr-1) and Shenhu (17.5 mmol·m-2·yr-1). In addition, the rate of carbonate precipitation (32.3 mmol·m-2·yr-1) in Xisha is far higher than those of the other two regions (5.3 mmol·m-2·yr-1 in Dongsha, 5.8 mmol·m-2·yr-1 in Shenhu) due to intense AOM sustained by gas dissolution. In comparison with other cold seeps around the world, the biogeochemical rates in the northern SCS are generally lower than those in active continental margins and special environments (e.g., the Black sea) but are comparable with those in passive continental margins. Collectively, ~2.8 Gmol organic matter was buried and at least ~0.82 Gmol dissolved organic and inorganic carbon was diffused out of sediments annually. This may, to some extent, have an impact on the long-term deep ocean carbon cycle in the northern SCS.


The invention relates mainly to a method for locating communicating objects (O1-ON) that make up a fleet, characterised by comprising the following steps: i - defining an absolute frame of reference in which the coordinates of the positions of the communicating objects (O1-ON) are defined; ii - defining at least three positions (P1-P3) by the coordinates thereof in the absolute frame of reference; iii - associating the previously defined positions (P1-P3) with three communicating objects (O1-O3), referred to as reference objects; iv - making at least one of the reference objects (O1-O3) detect the other two reference objects; v - measuring by at least one of the reference objects (O1-O3) the distance from at least one of the reference objects (O1-O3) to the two other reference objects; vi - measuring the distance from at least two reference objects (O1-O3) to a fourth communicating object (O4), the geometric location of the distant points from a reference object to the object to be located (04) being referred to as the orbit of the reference object in question (Orb1-Orb3); and vii - locating, by at least one communicating object (O1-O3), the fourth communicating object (O4) from the at least two orbits (Orb1-Orb3) previously established and at least one distance among the distances that separate the three reference objects.


The Sales Policies for the Sustainability of the Cooperative de Production,
Industrialization, Commercialization Santa Fe COOPINCOSAN belonging to the
province of Bolivar, canton Guaranda, Santa Fe parish arise from the ignorance of the
behavior of the products in the market, whose specific objectives. Cooperatives were to
diagnose the current situation of the company, identify the processes, management that
meets the sales department, formulation of sales policies for the marketing of products
and socialization that will respond to the sustainability of the cooperative. The
methodology to be applied were the exploratory, descriptive and deductive methods,
surveys applied to the universe of the partners, with the use of a questionnaire that was
statistically validated by the chronbach's Alpha internal consistency method. The main
results of the research were the lack of commercialization on the part of the members of
the cooperative, the lack of promotion causing sales decrease, causing the benefits
perceived by the cooperative to decrease, price instability, and lack of access to markets
It is proposed the implementation of three sales policies with two strategies, a marketing
channel and a promotion plan, aspects that will guarantee the trend in the behavior of
the products offered by the cooperative throughout its life. It is concluded that the
formation of organizations is important for the emergence of the Bolivar province,
however, this cooperative, since it does not have knowledge regarding the behavior of
the products in the market, may disappear, for this reason the sales policies will help to
re-vitalize its products as its recognition through the brand, creating


Recently, several studies have proved that High Frequency Oscillations (HFOs) of [80500] Hz are reliable biomarkers for delineating the epileptogenic zone. The total duration of HFOs is extremely short compared to the entire duration of EEG dataset to be analyzed. Therefore, visual marking of HFOs is timeconsuming and laborious process. In order to promote the clinical use of HFOs oscillations as reliable biomarkers of epileptogenic tissue and to conduct large-scale investigations on cerebral HFOs activities, several automatic detection techniques have been proposed over the past few years. In the present framework, we propose a novel approach for detecting HFOs based on Support Vector Machines (SVM). Our method is subsequently compared with six other methods. HFOs detection performance is evaluated in terms of sensitivity, false discovery rate, area under the ROC curve and execution time. Our results demonstrate that SVM approach yields low false detection (FDR = 6.36%) but, in its current implementation, is moderately sensitive to detect HFOs with a sensitivity of 71.06%.


ABSTRACT Objective: This study aims to compare the use of halo-gravity traction (HGT) with and without previous anterior release, in terms of curve reduction, for the treatment of pediatric severe spinal deformity. Methods: From 2010 to 2016, all patients treated with HGT prior to instrumentation for scoliosis and kyphoscoliosis were reviewed. They were assessed by deformity etiology, previous anterior release, instrumentation procedure used, traction protocol, major Cobb angle before traction, after the protocol, and after the instrumentation procedure. Twelve patients met these criteria and constituted the sample groups: Group I (n=7) with anterior release and Group II (n=5) without anterior release. Results: The average pre-traction major curve Cobb angles were 114.9o and 108.4º for Group I and II, respectively (P>0.05). After HGT, both groups achieved a significant reduction in curve angle (P<0.05). Group I presented an average Cobb angle of 95.0o after HGT, representing a 17.3% (19.8o) curve reduction. Group II presented a Cobb angle of 80.1o, representing a 25.2% (28.4o) curve reduction. The difference between the two groups in relation to the reduction of major curve after HGT was not statistically significant (P=0.073). After the surgical procedure, the correction achieved was significantly improved (P<0.05), without statistically significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05). No major HGT related complications were reported. Conclusions: Anterior release prior to HGT did not increase major curve correction after posterior surgery for severe pediatric idiopathic and syndromic scoliosis. HGT is an effective and safe technique, though it frequently presents minor and transitory complications. Level of Evidence III; Retrospective Comparative Study.


It is shown that a circular dipole can deflect the focused laser beam that induces it, and will experience a corresponding transverse force. Quantitative expressions are derived for Gaussian and tophat beams, while the effects vanish in the plane-wave limit. The phenomena are analogous to the Magnus effect pushing a spinning ball onto a curved trajectory. The optical case originates in the coupling of spin and orbital angular momentum of the dipole and the light. In optical tweezers the force causes off-axis displacement of the trapping position of an atom by a spin-dependent amount up to $\lambda/2\pi$, set by the direction of a magnetic field. This suggests direct methods to demonstrate and explore these effects, for instance to induce spin-dependent motion.


High-performance piezoelectrics are key components of various smart devicesand, recently, it has been discovered that (Ba,Ca)(Ti,Zr)O3 (BCTZ) solid solutions show appealingelectromechanical properties. Nevertheless, the microscopic mechanisms leading to suchfeatures are still unclear and theoretical investigations of BCTZ remain very limited. Accordingly,this thesis analyzes the properties of various compositions of (Ba,Ca)TiO3-Ba(Ti,Zr)O3solid solutions by means of first-principles calculations, with a focus on the lattice dynamicsand the competition between different ferroelectric phases. We first analyze the four parentcompounds BaTiO3, CaTiO3, BaZrO3 and CaZrO3 in order to compare their properties andtheir different tendency towards ferroelectricity. Then, the core of our study is a systematiccharacterization of the binary systems (Ba,Ca)TiO3 and Ba(Ti,Zr)O3 within both the virtualcrystal approximation (VCA) and direct supercell calculations. When going from BaTiO3 toCaTiO3 in (Ba,Ca)TiO3, the main feature is a gradual transformation from B-type to A-typeferroelectricity due to steric effects that largely determine the behavior of the system. In particular,for low Ca-concentration we found out an overall weakened B-driven ferroelectricitythat produces the vanishing of the energy barrier between different polar states and resultsin a quasi-isotropic polarization. A sizable enhancement of the piezoelectric response resultsfrom these features. When going from BaTiO3 to BaZrO3 in Ba(Ti,Zr)O3, in contrast, thebehavior is dominated by cooperative Zr-Ti motions and the local electrostatics. In particular,low Zr-concentration produces the further stabilization of the R3m-phase. Then, the systemshows the tendency to globally reduce the polar distortion with increasing Zr-concentration.Nevertheless, ferroelectricity can be locally preserved in Ti-rich regions. We also found out anunexpected polar activation of Zr as a function of specific atomic ordering explained via a basicelectrostatic model based on BaZrO3/mBaTiO3 superlattice. A microscopic factor behind theenhanced piezoelectric response in BCTZ, at low concentration of Ca and Zr, can thus be theinterplay between weakened Ti-driven and emerging Ca-driven ferroelectricity, which producesminimal anisotropy for the polarization. In addition, our comparative study reveals that thespecific microscopic physics of these solid solutions sets severe limits to the applicability of thevirtual crystal approximation (VCA) for these systems.


BARI solar cabinet dryer was tested with the moist radish ( about 9 kg) at Hill Agricultural Research Station (BARI), Khagrachari, during 17-18 February 2020. Drying temperature, relative humidity, air velocity, and solar radiation were recorded. After drying, the final weight of the radish was 554 g (93.84% reduction). The inside air temperature of the drying chamber varied from 45.5 to 52.5°C (first day) and 47.44 to 52.5°C (second day). Air relative humidity in the drying chamber varied from 13.2 to 20.25% (first day) and 11.5 to 18.5% (second day), whereas the relative humidity in the ambient varied from 30.5 to 67.5 % (first day), and 42.3 to 65.3% (second day). Solar radiation varied from 50 to 900 W/m2 during the testing period. Moist radish dried in the dryer attained final moisture content of 9.0% from an initial moisture content of 94% after 11 hours of drying period whereas, it took 56 hours to reduce the moisture content to 12% (wb) of a similar sample in the open sun. In the open sun drying method, 9.0 kg of moist radish was dried to 380 g (95.8% reduction). In the open sun drying method, radish losses by 30% during drying because of fungal spoilage. The color of dried slices in the dryer was more bright and the smell was good compared to sun drying of radish slices. The dryer maintained nutrition and made hygienic and safe products of radish slices. Hilly farmers and small-scale traders would be benefitted from using the BARI solar cabinet dryer.
Bangladesh J. Agri. 2023, 48(1): 1-9


The purpose of this article is to provide an insight into the field of timber floor strengthening with cross-laminated timber (CLT) panels. A classic


Abstract : A great many orbital missions involve launching a vehicle into a particular earth-referenced plane. The launch window is defined as the time span around the nominal launch time during which the vehicle may be launched and the target plane achieved within a specified additional ideal velocity budget. The paper presents analytical formulations for the launch window as functions of the additional Delta V budget and other parameters for fixed and for variable launch azimuths. The effect of launch azimuth constraints (e. g., for range safety) on the launch window is investigated and several related problems are discussed.


e16238 Background: Tumor with neuroendocrine differentiation (NED) has been verified in non-neuroendocrine organ adenocarcinomas. However, the incidence of NED in various studies varies greatly due to the different selection and criteria of NED markers. Further analysis of large clinical samples is still needed to reveal its biological characteristics and clarify the diagnosis and treatment of NED. Methods: From January 2017 to June 2018,a total of 450 histopathological samples were collected and analyzed retrospectively from patients with multiple malignant cancers, including gastric cancer (GC), colorectal cancer (CRC), lung cancer, breast cancer and prostate cancer treated in Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. Immunohistochemical staining for NED markers such as synaptophysin (Syn), chromogranin A (ChrA), and neural cell adhesion molecule (CD56) were performed to explore the incidence of different cancer types. Furthermore, NED or non-NED patients were evaluated comparatively in terms of pathological characteristics and prognosis. Results: Up to February 6, 2023, 129 CRC and GC samples were measured. 9 (15.3%) of 59 CRC patients were positive for NED markers, including 7 cases of Syn (+), 6 cases of ChrA (+) and 2 cases of CD56 (+). Moreover, 4 (6.8%) of 59 patients were positive for at least 2 NED markers in CRC. 18 (52.9%) of 34 gastric signer ring cell carcinoma patients were positive for NED markers, including 15 cases of Syn (+) and 14 cases of ChrA (+). Meanwhile, 10 (27.8%) of 36 gastric tubular adenocarcinoma patients were positive for NED markers, including 6 cases of Syn (+) and 10 cases of ChrA (+). Particularly, 17 (24.3%) (11/6, signer ring cell carcinoma/ tubular adenocarcinoma) of 70 GC patients were positive for at least two NED markers. Conclusions: NED is widely present in colorectal cancer and gastric cancer, especially in gastric signer ring cell carcinoma. The encouraging outcomes of the NED prevalence rate may shed light on the individualized treatments for patients with carcinomas. Further explorations are needed in the following research. [Table: see text]


Correspondence Andreas Giazitzoglu, Newcastle University Business School, 5 Barrack Rd, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 4SE, UK. Email: email@example.com Abstract Focusing on the lived intersection of social class and hegemonic masculinity, this article uses data elicited over a 5‐year period to analyze the experiences of 10 white male participants from nonprivileged socioeconomic backgrounds, who were recruited as information technology professionals by a prestigious professional service firm (PSF). Employing a Bourdieusian perspective, we reveal how participants learned to enact the configuration of corporate masculinity deemed hegemonic in the field of their employing PSF. We pay particular attention to how participants engaged with distinctive forms of cultural capital to enact corporate masculinity, and the symbolic violence and "hidden injuries of class" this represents and leads to. In turn, we highlight how classed masculine norms create exclusion, marginalization, and discrimination in organizations. We suggest that class becomes recognized as a germane area for scholars of diversity and inequality to focus on and integrate in the future, in their ongoing investigations into which social norms create marginalization in organizations.


This book was written for people preparing to teach and for universities seeking to improve teacher education. Philosophy of education is the discipline that attempts to prove in depth the why, how, and what of the teaching/learning encounter. Most attempts explore these questions within the context of one of the popular philosophies such as Idealism, Pragmatism, Realism, or Naturalism. Philosophical Theories of Education is different in two respects. It identifies the three basic intellectual orientations whose centuries-old dialecticizings underlie the several philosophical and educational schools of thought present in Western civilization. The dialectic has even influenced some scientific thinking, but it has produced no final answers. Nevertheless, the arguments of such philosophers as Plato, Rousseau, Pestalozzi, Comenius, Gentile, Dewey, and Broudy have clarified many issues, and they supply foundations for theorizing. The second difference is that ideas of such thinkers and the implications drawn therefrom are organized for professional theories. Each of the three intellectual orientations provides its answers to the why, how and what of education. "How", for example, is answered as the inductive, deductive, and structural processes of thinking. "Why" and "what" are answered in terms of goals and curricula logically derived from each orientation. Like other philosophies of education, this supplies teaching/learning practices with intellectual foundations. Unlike others, it demonstrates that the orientations produce principles that sometimes compete and sometimes complement each other.


The role of global QCD analysis of parton distribution functions (PDFs) in collider physics at the Tevatron and LHC is surveyed. Current status of PDF analyses are reviewed, emphasizing the uncertainties and the open issues. The stability of NLO QCD global analysis and its prediction on "standard candle" W/Z cross sections at hadron colliders are discussed. The importance of the precise measurement of various W/Z cross sections at the Tevatron in advancing our knowledge of PDFs, hence in enhancing the capabilities of making significant progress in W mass and top quark parameter measurements, as well as the discovery potentials of Higgs and New Physics at the Tevatron and LHC, is emphasized.


Android-based oscilloscopes have been developed for research and education purpose because they would be able to acquire, transmit, display, and analyze any electrical signals and be mobile, operable easily. Due to the speed limitation of wireless transmission channel, android oscilloscopes have some limited performances, such as bandwidth, waveform capturing rate (WCR), and so on. In this article, we propose a real-time lossless data compression scheme to solve a bottleneck of continuous data flow from data acquisition device (DAQ) to smartphone. This compression scheme consists of triggering a signal and encoding differences between waveforms (DBWs). Also, an advanced structure of android Bluetooth oscilloscope (ABO) is proposed to implement the proposed compression algorithm with field-programmable gate array (FPGA)-based hardware and software. To evaluate WCR improvement, we first analyze relationship between WCR and compression ratio, and then, the compression efficiency is verified by the MATLAB simulations using various waveforms, such as simple sinusoidal, complex periodic, square, and chirp waveforms. We finally study the robustness of this instrument in the range of 0%–15% noise amplitude and 0–2 rad phase offset. All experimental results show that proposed scheme can enhance WCR and also be applied to the wireless transmission fields collecting and displaying electrical waveforms.


The preparation was conducted by using different botulinum toxoid coupling to bentonite, to get rid off the cross-reaction components in a certain type of diagnostric antisera such as type C without D, type E without F. The flocculation test was performed by the interaction of tetanus toxoid with botulinum antisera, to eliminate the anti-tetanus toxin components. By these methods, the prepared diagnostic sera for botulinum toxin type A, B, C, D, E, F can neutralize more than 10000 LD_(50)/ml of same type botulinum toxin, on the other hand, they neutralize less than 5 LD_(50)/ml of other types of botulinum toxin or tetanus toxin. The diagnostic sera for mixed types can neutralize more than 10000 LD_(50)/ml botulinum toxin of type A, B, C, D, E, F, and neutralize less than 5 LD_(50)/ml tetanus toxin. Both potency and identity of the prepared diagnostic sera are in accordance with requirements for biological products.


Spatial and temporal variability of Z. capricorni biomass, shoot characteristics (canopy height, surface area, flowering), distribution and detrital content were examined from December 1988 to December 1990. Between August 1987 and August 1991, 15% (2.0 ha) of the meadow was lost. Biomass of above- and below-ground structures showed a unimodal seasonal pattern with maxima in late spring (mean 194.92 g dry weight m-2 and 426.67 g DW m-2 respectively) and minima in winter (mean 28.72 g DW m-2 and 56.98 g DW m-2 respectively). Mean above-ground biomass (95.53 ± 2.21 g DW m-2) was approximately half the mean below-ground biomass (177.28 ± 4.49 g DW m-2). Leaf canopy heights were greatest between October and February (maximum 53.4 cm) and lowest around mid year (minimum 4.4 cm). Leaf surface area per square metre of seagrass meadow ranged from 10.28 to 1.39 m2 (mean 3,692 ± 0.104 m2), and flowering occurred during September and October. Detrital biomass ranged from 339.73g DW m-2 to 11.83 g DW m-2 (mean 77.39 ± 2.36 g DW m-2). Detrital biomass was higher during July-October and lower during February-May. The climate during the study was typical for the area, and all trials displayed similar seasonal patterns, although the amplitudes differed among some trials. The environmental parameters that may influence seagrass and detrital biomass were investigated. The best models explained only 14% of the variation in above-ground biomass, 15% of the variation in below-ground biomass, and 21% of the variation in detrital biomass. These models suggest that fluctuations in seagrass and detrital biomass in Cairns Harbour were influenced by changes in light availability, temperature, salinity and exposure.


In recent times the information will become one of the most important
resources of organizations, with the perfect support for handling the same
technology. These days it is very difficult for an organization does not rely on
technology to fulfill their tasks and managing their information because by having
this can be done optimizing their processes, in addition to efficiency, effectiveness,
availability and security when have the information for the correct and timely
decision making.
Thus having the technology at our fingertips is very important to apply the
critical processes of organizations. For this reason, the aim of this study is to apply
technology through the design and implementation of a web application for
automating and improving one of the critical processes of the National University of
Trujillo as is the Information Management Staff administrative Active Teaching and
loss; currently being developed by is software outdated technology and often
manually.
General research design Quasi-experimental (- Test and Post - Pre Test) was
used in this study, because the study although they will manipulate the variables
deliberately, we have some established patterns we have to follow, ie that at least
manipulated the independent variable to see its effect on the dependent variable.
With the implementation of the Web application it was achieved drastically
reduce the times that were used in the processes related to the Teaching and
Administrative Management, the benefit of this reduced time and operations manual
calculations would report, was to achieve cost reductions to the organization.
Likewise it was possible to significantly increase levels of end-user
satisfaction with respect to the entire process.


The reservoir operation is a notable source of uncertainty in the natural streamflow and it should be represented in hydrological modelling to quantify the reservoir impact for more effective hydrological forecasting. While many researches focused on the effect of large reservoirs only, this study developed an online reservoir module where the small reservoirs were aggregated into one representative reservoir by employing a statistical approach. The module was then integrated into the coupled Noah Land Surface Model and Hydrologic Model System (Noah LSM-HMS) for a quantitative assessment of the impact of both large and small reservoirs on the streamflow in the upper Gan river basin, China. The Noah LSM-HMS was driven by the China Meteorological Assimilation Driving Datasets for the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model (CMADS) with a very good performance and a Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient of efficiency (NSE) of 0.89, which proved to be more effective than the reanalysis data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) over China. The simulation results of the integrated model indicate that the proposed reservoir module can acceptably depict the temporal variation in the water storage of both large and small reservoirs. Simulation results indicate that streamflow is increased in dry seasons and decreased in wet seasons, and large and small reservoirs can have equally large effects on the streamflow. With the integration of the reservoir module, the performance of the original model is improved at a significant level of 5%.


In 2018, an estimated 269 million people used some form of illicit drugs worldwide, with 58 million using opioids.1 In that same year, 35.6 million people were reported to suffer from drug use disorders.1.


Human beings are the source of medical big data. Medical data is important for proper treatment. The medical big data includes medical history and prescription reports, test reports, X-Ray, CT Scan, and some other types of medical diagnosis. Advancement in E-Health and Telemedicine systems are being developed to reduce data availability and overhead for patient. Medical big data is collected from many new sources for maintenance and future decision making. This has extended the domains that are associated with medical big data. Latest technologies provide better facilitations to make MBD a part of data collection, processing and reliable form for future consultation.


Corrosion behavior of 8YSZ in NaF-KF molten salts was investigated in this work. The phase transition,composition and microstructures were studied by XRD,SEM and EDS analysis. Besides,effect of corrosion temperature and time were also discussed. The results show that the surfaces of 8YSZ samples were changed and the big grains became small ones. It is thought that the corrosion main occurred in the grain boundaries. Furthmore,the phase transition of the surface enhanced the hot corrosion. However,8YSZ still shows relative good corrosion resistance.


Background : Pazopanib is an oral angiogenesis inhibitor targeting VEGFR, PDGFR, and c-kit. Clinical studies have shown angiogenesis inhibitors are active in ovarian carcinoma. CA-125 rises within 3-9 months in most patients (pts) with recurrent ovarian cancer; it is an attractive marker to assess efficacy of novel targeted agents such as pazopanib. Methods : Pts (ECOG PS 0-1) with epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube or primary peritoneal carcinoma; complete CA-125 response to initial platinum-based chemotherapy with subsequent rise to ‡ 42 U/mL; no disease or non-bulky disease on CT and 1-2 prior chemotherapy regimens were eligible. Treatment consisted of pazopanib 800mg daily. Primary endpoint was CA-125 response ( ‡ 50% decrease from 2baseline samples confirmed > 21d after initial response). A two-stage design required 2 CA-125 responses in Stage I (20 pts) to proceed to Stage II (15 pts). Results : 36 pts were enrolled; 35 were evaluable for CA-125 response. Median age was 60 yrs (40-85). 75% of pts had disease sensitive to most recent platinum therapy; 61% had 1 prior line of chemotherapy. 39% of pts had relapsed within 6 mo, 33% within 6-12 mo and 28% > 12 mo from their last treatment. 17 pts had measurable disease at baseline. CA-125 responses were seen in 11 (31%) pts with a median time to response of 29 d and median duration of response of 113 d (29-441). Preliminary analysis found 5/17 pts with measurable disease had a maximum change in sum of longest diameters of > 30%. 4/16 pts with measurable disease and available data had SD by RECIST for > 100d. 4 pts remain on treatment up to 2 years from starting therapy. Most common AEs were diarrhea, fatigue, nausea, ALT elevation, abdominal pain and hypertension. Most common Gr 3 AEs were ALT elevation (19%), fatigue (11%), GGT elevation (11%), anddiarrhea(8%); 1pt had Gr 4peripheral edemaand Gr 5intestinal obstruction. 7 pts (19%) withdrew due to an AE. Conclusions : Pazopanib monotherapy demonstrated significant biologic single-agent activity in pts with ovarian cancer with biochemical relapse following platinum chemotherapy. Based on these results, Phase III studies of pazopanib in pts with ovarian cancer are under discussion. the activity and of sagopilone combined with carboplatin in pts with recurrent P-sensitive ovarian cancer. Eligible pts had ovarian cancer, either radiographically measurable (RECIST) or evaluable based on elevated CA125 levels ( ‡ 2 x ULN), recurring 6-24 months after initial P-based therapy. sagopilone 3 h followed by carboplatin (AUC=5) every 21 days for up to 6 cycles. A Phase I/II design used a starting dose of 12 mg/m 2 that could be escalated to 16 mg/m 2 or 22 mg/m 2 ; pts enrolled in Phase received 16 mg/m 2 . Proof of concept was confirmed if RECIST (in pts with measurable disease) or CA125 level responses (in pts with CA125 progression only) were observed in ‡ 13 evaluable pts in Phase II. Between Aug 2006 and Feb 2008, 9 pts were enrolled in Phase I and 36 pts in Phase II, having an overall median P-free interval of 19.6 months (range 8-88.4). of 4 cycles; all pts were Background : pathological complete response to PST significantly correlates with asurvival advantage.Theaimofthisstudyistoinvestigate thecorrelationbetweenPET evaluation and pathological response in advanced EOC pts treated with carboplatin- paclitaxel PST. Patients and methods : 41 stage IIIb-IV EOC pts not suitable for optimal debulking surgery and candidates for PSC were enrolled. Pts underwent diagnostic laparoscopy at baseline and PET scan was done at baseline, after 3 courses and at the end of PST. Metabolic response was measured by SUV max and by % SUV max decrease. According to ROC curves analysis we considered as PET response a 55% and 58% decrease ofSUV max after the 3rdand the 6thcycle, respectively. Pathological response was evaluated according to a 5 grade-scale, from grade 1 (no response) to grade 4-5 (only small clusters or no malignant cells at all). Results : Baseline PET SUVmax was pathological (>2) in all pts (median 11, range 3- 20). After a median number of 6 cycles we observed 20 (49%) grade 4-5 pathological responses, while a PET response was observed in 63% and in 71% of cases after 3 and 6 courses of PST, respectively. PET responses after 3 cycles of PST were more frequent (95% vs 33%, p<.01) in pts who obtained a grade 4-5 pathological response. PET specificity was 95% and 100% after 3 and 6 courses, while sensitivity was 67% and 57%.The corresponding positive predictive values of PET were 93% and 100% after 3 and 6 cycles of PST, while the negative predictive values were 73% and 69%. Sensitivit, specificity, PPV and NPV of CA125 after 3 courses of PST were 90%, 70%, 76% and 88%. Conclusion : a SUVmax decrease ‡ 55% after the 3 rd cycle of PST is significantly more frequent in grade 4-5 pathologic responders (p <.01) with a PPV of 93%, higher than that of CA 125 (76%). We can exclude with high probability (93%) an optimal pathological response in those pts who do not obtain a 55% reduction in SUVmax after 3 courses of PST and alternative therapeutic options should be investigated in these cases. Background : Prognosis for patients with platinum resistant epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is poor with objective responses to further non-platinum agents between 10-30%. Promising results are reported with carboplatin (C) and paclitaxel (P) regimens using a dose dense approach where frequency of dosing is increased with at least equivalent total dose. Others have reported a dose dense induction regimen followed by 3 weekly dosing. We conducted a retrospective review of continued dose dense weekly C and P to investigate tolerability and efficacy in patients with platinum resistant EOC. Methods : Pts with EOC, fallopian tube or primary peritoneal cancer progressing on or recurring within 6 months of last treatment who received dose dense C and P were identified ObjetiveandMethods :InJanuaryof1998aprospective register onearlystagesofEOC was initiated. Both common staging and treatment recommendations were used: the european guidelines of staging of ovarian cancer (EGSOG, Trimbos JB, Bolis G. Obstet Gynecol Surv 1994), and a common scheme of adjuvant chemotherapy (4 cycles of Paclitaxel and Carboplatin) for the high risk group (Stages Ia-Ib grades II-III, and/or clear cells tumor, Ic and II). Results : A total of 453 cases have been included and analysed up to february 2008: 391 (86%) Stages I, in wich 136 of them (35%) were stage Ia, 12 (3%) were stage Ib and 243 (62%) were stage Ic, and 62 (14%) were Stage II. The different prognostic factors were analyzed, as well as the type of surgery, the Disease Free Survival (DFS) and the Overall Survival (OS). The most frequent histological type was Endometrioid (n: 141, 31%), followed by Clear-cell (n: 105, 23%), Serous (n: 96, 21%), and Mucinous (n: 82, 18%). Grade I-II were present in 68% of endometroid and 75% of mucinous cases, while serous and clear-cell were grade III in 45% and 60% respectively. Total abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, peritoneal cavity inspection and Results : We observed that carriers of the allele 6 presented a four fold higher risk for ovarian cancer, aOR = 3.76; 95% CI 2.33 – 6.08; p < 0.0001. (aOR: adjusted for age; logistic regression analysis). Conclusions : These preliminary findings appear to indicate that PGC polymorphism, in combination with other factors, may contribute to more accurately identifying subgroups of ovarian cancer patients with different risk of development. The study suggests that assessment of the genetic individual profile can be of great interest in clinical oncology. Objectives :Cervicalcancerisoneofthemost commonneoplasiasthataffectwomenin developing countries and human papillomavirus (HPV) is unequivocally accepted as theetiologicalagentofthisneoplasiaanditsprecursorlesions.Thep53binding protein 1 (53BP1) has been recognized as a protein that localizes to sites of double strand breaks and forms discrete nuclear foci upon DNA damage. Moreover, recent studies reported that some virus might have involved in the formation of 53BP1 nuclear foci. The aim of this study was to analyse the effect of the 53BP1 C1236G polymorphism in cervical cancer development. Study design : We developed a retrospective study considering 475 cervical specimens of women from the northern Region of Portugal, using a real-time polymerase chain reaction methodology. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software. Results : We verify an increased risk to progression for high-risk intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) in 1236C carrier patients infected with HPV16 [P=0.00002; OR=5.6 (2.4-13.3)]. On the contrary, this effect was not observed in GG patients (P=0.299). However, no statistically significant differences were found, regarding the influence of the C1236G polymorphism with cytological classification, the presence or absence of HPV16 or other oncogenic high-risk HPV types (P>0.050). Conclusions : Our study, for the first time, suggests that 53BP1 1236C allele may influence cellular transformation leading low-grade HPV positive lesionsto progress to high-grade or invasive cervical cancer. Background : Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) leads to more deaths among women in the developed world than all gynecologic malignancies combined. Despite advances in surgery and chemotherapy, survival of patients (pts) with EOC remains 45% at 5 years. Highly penetrant cancer-predisposing genes such BRCA1 and BRCA2 account for 5-10% of all EOCs. Aim : The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of BRCA 1 and BRCA 2 mutations on the clinical course of EOC. Methods hundred or BRCA2 mutation and 62 sporadic EOC pts treated between 1996 and 2006 at the MSC Memorial Cancer Centre, Gliwice, Poland, were analysed. The study endpoints are overall survival, time to progression, platinum sensitivity and response rates in correlation with the mutation status. Results : In a cohort


Objective To explore the effect of nursing care at the early phase on rehabilitation of craniocerebral injury patients. Methods 57 craniocer ebral injury patients were divided into two groups. In observation group of 30 c ases, early nursing was implemented, that is, early-phase training programs of m ovement, cognition and activity of daily living (ADL). All the patients were ass essed by Fugal-Meyer's Assessment and Bethel's index before rehabilitation a nd at the discharge from the hospital. Result Two groups differed significantly in function recovery at the discharge from hospital (P0.01). Conclusion Early phase nursing care helps significantly in the recovery of recognition ability, limb movement and activity of daily living (ADL) for craniocerebral injury patie nts.


45 steel handle shafts cracked frequently during quenching because of the diameter susceptible to quench cracking and such defects as ferrite network and Widmanstatten structure present in the raw material.The quench cracking of the handle shaft has been satisfactorily avoided by normalizing,proper decrease in austenitizing temperature or delayed quenching.


Bruxism is a nonfunctional motor activity that is characterized by grinding and clenching of the teeth. It has been postulated that bruxism causes excessive occlusal load on the dental implant and its superstructures leading to biological and biomechanical complications. While many researchers suggest that grinding/clenching causes early implant complications and accelerated bone loss, others indicate that the long term effects are still unclear. The goal of this study is to analyze the effect of bruxism loading condition on the stress distribution of an implant supported overdenture (ISO) using finite element analysis (FEA) and compare the results with one of the most functionally efficient occlusion schemes in the clinical dentistry — lingualized occlusion. A high fidelity solid model of a mandibular denture encompassing lingual and buccal cusps, mesial and distal fossae supported by four implants and a connecting titanium prosthetic bar, resting on alveolar bone were modeled in SolidWorks 2013 following proper clinical guidelines and imported to ANSYS 15.0 for stress analysis. The results of the study demonstrate that the stress distribution in the implant prostheses and surrounding bone is significantly affected due to bruxism as compared to the lingualized loading. While the location of the maximum stress concentration was the same (neck of the posterior implants) for both loading conditions, there was an increase of approximately 115% von-Mises stress for bruxism loading condition as compared to the lingualized occlusion. The maximum principal stress in the cortical bone surpassed the ultimate tensile strength limit of the jaw bone implying possibility of bone resorption in the peri-implant area.Copyright © 2015 by ASME


We present a novel approach for the derivation of PDEs modeling curvaturedriven flows for matrix-valued data. This approach is based on the Riemannian geometry of the manifold of Symmetric Positive Definite MatricesP(n). The differential geometric attributes ofP(n) such as the bi-invariant metric, the covariant derivative and the Christoffel symbols allow us to extend scalar-valued mean curvature and snakes methods to the tensor data setting. Since the data live onP(n), these methods have the natural property of preserving positive definiteness of the initial data. Experiments on three-dimensional real DT-MRI data show that the proposed methods are highly robust.


Sustainable use of soils requires a long-term equilibrium between the demand of society for ecological goods and services of soils and their actual capacity, also in forest areas. In general, the way soils are treated at present is too much influenced by reasoning along sectorial lines. Protection of this resource is very complex and involves a number of specialist departments. This requires a high degree of coordination. The presented resource protection concept intends to make pedological knowledge of the systemic behavior of soils available for spatial planning. Soil protection is not only a concern of forestry itself, safeguarding the sustainability of forest soil capacities is also relevant to the whole society. Therefore, social demands and activities inside and outside forests have to be adjusted to the capacities of forest soils. There is a wide range of methods to deduce the potential and sensitivities of soils. The bases for the implementation of the resource protection concept are, however, rat...


This paper uses a case study to highlight evidence on disability and rehabilitation in the context of HIV in order to inform future practice and research.


This study aims to examine the differences in return and risk between sharia stocks and conventional stocks in LQ45 indexed companies during the Covid-19 pandemic. The sample of this research is company stocks indexed LQ45, of 45 stocks on the LQ45 index there are 24 observations sharia stocks (JII indexed) and 12 observations conventional stocks (not indexed JII). The type of data used is secondary data from the Indonesia Stock Exchange website. This study uses a quantitative approach with Independent Sample T-test  as data analysis method, then the analysis is carried out using the SPSS application. The results revealed that there was no significant difference between the return and risk of sharia stocks and conventional stocks in companies indexed LQ45 during the Covid-19 pandemic.


Body structure may play a determining role in achieving high-level performance in judo, and it seems to influence the type of techniques applied. The objective of this study was to determine the somatotypes of national-level male cadet judokas in different weight categories in order to observe possible differences between athletes. Material and methods: A total of 68 male judokas, lightweights (n=35) with an age of (15.5 ± 0.7 years), middleweights (n=23) with an age of (15.12 ± 0.68 years), and heavyweights (n=10) with an average age of (15.39 ± 0.57 years) participated in this study. Anthropometric variables were used to calculate somatotypes, which were determined using the Heath-Carter method. Analysis of variance and Tukey's post hoc test were used to determine differences between weight categories. Results: Somatotype differences between weight categories in male cadet judokas were observed. All categories could be classified into three somatotypes in male cadet-athletes. Conclusion: The lighter categories were recognized as Meso-ectomorph. The middle categories had the Endo-mesomorphic somatotype and the heaviest athletes had more extreme cases of Meso-endomorphs. According to the results obtained, the judokas have a different body composition than the cadet judokas at the international level. Therefore, coaches should prepare specific training programs for athletes who belong to different somatotypes, as well as monitoring diet.


The invention discloses a high performance calcium aluminate oil well cement, and belongs to the field of oil well cements of oil and gas well cementing, and the high performance calcium aluminate oil well cement comprises the following components by weight: 100 parts of calcium aluminate oil well cement, 20 to 40 parts of silicon powder, 0 to 10 parts of micro silica powder, 0 to 2 parts of a flow type regulator, 0 to 5 parts of a fluid loss agent and 0 to 5 parts of a retarder. According to the invention, the strength of the high performance calcium aluminate oil well set cement after 7days of maintenance is greater than 80MPa, the long-term strength is stable, and the high performance calcium aluminate oil well cement has strong salt resistance and acid resistance. In the mixing amount of the invention, the cement slurry rheological property is good, and mechanical properties of the set cement at high temperature and under high pressure are stable.


The manual is intended as a technical aid to applicants, the U.S. Synthetic Fuels Corporation (SFC), and environmental reviewers in developing and reviewing plans covering source and ambient monitoring around coal-, oil shale-, and tar sand-based synfuels plants, consistent with the Energy Security Act. The Act, which established the SFC, specifies that applicants for SFC financial assistance must develop an acceptable plan for environmental monitoring of the construction and operation of the proposed synthetic fuels facilities, following consultation with the EPA and other agencies. The manual does not provide rigorous specifications for an acceptable monitoring plan. Rather, it describes approaches to consider and issues to address in developing a monitoring plan (or an outline of a plan). The exact content of the plan or outline for a specific facility would depend on conditions associated with that plant.


Grandparents who take on primary responsibility for raising grandchildren face unique family challenges while helping reduce the burden on the foster care system. The GRandS (Grandfamily Resilience and Sustainability) Program was a family life education program designed with three fundamental goals: (a) increase grandparent caregivers' knowledge and skills in parenting and child development, (b) fortify their relationships with spouses and grandchildren, and (c) inform them about, and connect them to, available community resources. In this article, we describe the program implementation and evaluation, including the use of quantitative analysis and anecdotal accounts. Additionally, on the basis of our findings and experience with the program, we identify factors important to Extension's successfully serving grandfamilies.


In this paper we combine a monetary overlapping generations model of heterogeneous agents with non-homothetic preferences to explain the pattern of dollarisation across types of goods. This provides a theoretical link between asset and transaction dollarisation. We find that transaction dollarisation depends positive on asset dollarisation. The exact relationship between transation dollarisation and asset dollarisation is shaped by the income distribution. Also, for most values of asset dollarisation, goods associated to high-income customers are endogenously priced in foreign currency, whilst high priority goods, those associated to lowincome customers are priced in domestic currency. When dollarisation is partial, asset dollarisation is always higher than transaction dollarisation.


This work deserves and undoubredly will get far more intensive scrutiny than is possible in the limited space available for this review. Each of the many models presented in the analysis entails its own set of assumptions, often sweeping, and many of which ultimately will require modification. A complete interpretation of some of the models will require additional details not presented in the text. There are very large R2s, ranging from 0.7 to 0.8 and higher, sometimes in time-series models when the dependent variable simply lags an independent variable. Comparisons to migration and globalization issues today are very far from unarguable. The theoretical scope and empirical detail of this work make the specific problems all the more intriguing. Their resolution will only enhance the very substantial and significant contribution that this work has made to our understanding of the migration of human populations.


Introduction: Menarche is the appearance of first menstrual bleed. Many factors leads to early onset ofmenarche, of which physical factors, genetic factors, environmental factors, nutritional factors and familyfactors play a pivotal role. Objectives: The present study titled "Factors influencing early onset of menarcheamong school children" was an attempt to assess the mean age at onset of menarche and to determine thefactors influencing early onset of menarche among cases and controls. Methods: A case control study wasadapted to identify the factors influencing early onset of menarche among 411 (137 in cases and controls274) children who were aged between 8-12 years. The schools were selected by simple random samplingtechnique and subjects by purposive sampling technique. Results: The study identified the mean age atonset of menarche among school children (including cases and controls) was 10.81 ± 0.821yeras. Meanage at which siblings attained the menarche for controls were at 12 ± 1.697 years and controls was at 13 ±1.697 years. The study also revealed statistically significant association between factors like consumptionof fast food (x2= 1.250, p<.001), knowledge about menarche (x2= 8.588, p =.003) and excessive exercise(x2= 11.387, p<.001) and onset of menarche. The chance of having early onset of menarche was 60.4% i.e.(1- .396* 100) times more among cases who took nutritional supplements regularly. Conclusion: The studyconcludes that physical and nutritional factors needs parenteral control in order to remain fit and healthy.


Using a network approach we provide a characterization of a separating equilibrium for standard signaling games where the sender's payoff function is quasi-linear. Given a strategy of the sender, we construct a network where the node set and the length between two nodes are the set of the sender's type and the difference of signaling costs, respectively. Construction of a separating equilibrium is then equivalent to constructing the length between two nodes in the network under the condition that the response of the receiver is a node potential. We show that, when the set of the sender's type is finite, the collection of separating signaling functions forms a lower bounded lattice. We describe an algorithm to compute separating equilibrium strategies. When the set of the sender's type is a real interval, shortest path lengths are antisymmetric and a node potential is unique up to a constant. A strategy of the sender in a separating equilibrium is characterized by some differential equation with a unique solution. Our results can be readily applied to a broad range of economic situations, such as the standard job market signaling model of Spence (a model not captured by earlier papers) and principal-agent models with production. JEL Codes. C72, D82.


This paper presents the methodological approach and findings of one facet of a larger study. The main study, which had a health visiting focus, was concerned with an in-depth investigation of the value of the community profile approach in needs assessment and contracting for family health care from the perspective of one general practitioner (GP) fundholding practice1. The paper provides a critical review of the data collection processes involved in the compilation of a community profile for one area within the context of the NHS reforms 2, identifying appropriate data sources and evaluating them for accessibility, practical use and reliability and validity. In the wider study, a method to aggregate data sources and translate health need into meaningful service specifications for purchasing was developed.


A method for characterizing pigmented bacteria based on the numerical analysis of their carotenoid absorption spectra was examined. To achieve this, some non-phototrophic pigmented bacteria that were isolated from various environments and closely related types of species were used. Bacterial carotenoid pigments were extracted with an acetone:methanol (7:2) mixture and the absorption spectra were determined. Data were normalized, and their first derivatives were analyzed using Ward clustering algorithms. Based on the spectral data, isolates were separated into 7 groups. Characterization based on derivative pigment spectral data showed good agreement statistically with biochemical characterization results. The Mantel test indicated that the dissimilarity matrices of phenotypic tests and the pigment spectral data were correlated (P < 0.001). Absorption spectra can simplify and accelerate the identification and characterization of pigmented bacteria, when used with other distinctive biochemical tests. This method might be useful for determination of the microbial community structure in a variety of ecological studies.


Since the economic crisis hit Indonesia, many needs became more expensive, the poverty rate is higher, and the costs include the education sector to be expensive to make many children from poor families drop out of school. But despite it all, there are many phenomena, including the emerging children work into a newspaper deliveryman, and among children who became the newspaper deliveryman was there that still remain in school. As a child, they should get protection from violence and has the right to learn and play, but since the crisis hit, they were forced to help their parents in earning a living. This needs serious attention from the government and society so that the children were getting their rights. The purpose of this research is to find the motivation to study the children who attend school newspaper deliveryman, and to determine what factors are affecting the motivation to study the children who attend school newspaper deliveryman. In this study authors used a qualitative approach with a number of case studies the subject as much as 2 people. Characteristics of the subjects in this study is the child who is a newspaper deliveryman and still in school and have an age range between 13-14 years. Data collection techniques used in this study is the interview. From the results of this study, the children work as a newspaper deliveryman and motivated to learn in school as well aware of the meaning of education for the survival of their future and the factors that influence such as culture, family, school environment and the child it self


Background Previous studies had suggested that electroacupuncture (EA) can promote white adipose tissue (WAT) browning to counter obesity. But the mechanism was still not very clear. Aim In this study, we aim to study the effect of EA on promoting inguinal WAT (iWAT) browning and its possible mechanism. Method Three-week-old rats were randomly divided into a normal diet (ND) group and a high-fat diet (HFD) group. After 10 weeks, the HFD rats were grouped into HFD + EA group and HFD control group. Rats in the EA group were electro-acupunctured for 4 weeks on Tianshu (ST25) acupoint under gas anesthesia with isoflurane, while the rats in HFD group were under gas anesthesia only. Body weight and cumulative food intake were monitored, and H&E staining was performed to assess adipocyte area. The effect of EA on WAT was assessed by qPCR, immunoblotting, immunoprecipitation and Co-immunoprecipitation. Mitochondria were isolated from IWAT to observe the expression of mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM). Results The body weight, WAT/body weight ratio and cumulative food consumption obviously decreased (P < 0.05) in the EA group. The expressions of brown adipose tissue (BAT) markers were increased in the iWAT of EA rats. Nevertheless, the mRNA expressions of WAT genes were suppressed by 4-week EA treatment. Moreover, EA increased the protein expressions of SIRT-1, PPARγ, PGC-1α, UCP1 and PRDM16 which trigger the molecular conversion of iWAT browning. The decrease of PPARγ acetylation was also found in EA group, indicating EA could advance WAT-browning through SIRT-1 dependent PPARγ deacetylation pathway. Besides, we found that EA could activate AMPK to further regulate PGC-1α-TFAM-UCP1 pathway to induce mitochondrial biogenesis. Conclusion In conclusion, EA can remodel WAT to BAT through inducing SIRT-1 dependent PPARγ deacetylation, and regulating PGC-1α-TFAM-UCP1 pathway to induce mitochondrial biogenesis. This may be one of the mechanisms by which EA affects weight loss.


A detailed description is provided of a triple quadrupole (QQQ) tandem mass spectrometer (MS/MS) which is kinetically well behaved and can be configured to use either a molecular beam target (type A) or collision chamber (type B) configuration. Its unique capabilities are being used to explore design criteria essential for (i) absolute cross‐section measurements, and for (ii) the development of standardized operating conditions for generic, instrument‐independent spectral databases for collisionally activated dissociation (CAD).


Road Traffic Accident (RTA) is a global burden of disease. More than 1.25 million people per year are killed by RTAs. More than half of the fatalities strike vulnerable road users (e. g. pedestrians, skaters, cyclists and other non-protected road users). The ongoing challenge is to protect vulnerable road users (VRU). As a VRU is neither shielded by seat-belts or crumple zones nor by airbags, the adverse party´s vehicle should be protecting the VRU. While steel should protect a human from being injured, one might think this as hard to achieve as squaring a circle -. However, it is possi-ble! The newest achievements of engineering skills such as active engine hoods or soft radiator grilles or automatically emergency brake systems can protect a VRU. These developments will guide the future of VRU protection that has just begun!


Overall, this is a good paper, and a useful addition to the literature on PUB. My main comment is that the authors demonstrate that the baseflow index is of key importance in identifying the characteristics of the FDC (although this is not a particularly surprising result). The authors should note of course that streamflow is required (at least for some period of time) in order to calculate the baseflow index, so the results are of limited in use in regionalising to truly ungauged catchments.