The rise of the internet-of-things and distributed sensor nodes with machine-learning and edge processing are driving the need for low-power, high-precision ADCs. These highly digital systems are best implemented in advanced process nodes that have low intrinsic gain and low supply voltages, making the design of the high-performance amplifiers required in high-precision delta-sigma (ΔΣ) ADCs challenging. Time-domain ADC architectures, such as voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO)-based ADCs, have been explored to address these challenges as time-domain processing is agnostic to supply voltage and benefits from advanced process nodes with faster switching times [1]. However, linearity has been challenging as open-loop VCO-based ADCs have only ~50dB SFDR. As such, significant research has been devoted to the development of linearization techniques such as feedback [1], mixed-domain operation [2], digital calibration [3], and higher-order noise-shaping using VCO-only architectures [4]. This paper presents a 3rd-order, VCO-only ΔΣ ADC achieving 92.1dB SNDR over a 2.5kHz bandwidth (BW) using a pseudo virtual ground feedforward (PVG FF) technique. The key concept is to feed forward the pseudo virtual ground in a capacitively coupled VCO-based ADC, which linearizes and stabilizes the system while only using a single feedback DAC. This approach enables a high dynamic range (DR) due to the 3rd-order noise-shaping and >120dB SFDR due to the linearization. The prototype ADC consumes 4.4μW from a 0.8V supply achieving the best-reported SNDR Schreier figure of merit (FoM) for VCO-based ADCs at 179.6dB.


The health effects caused by pollution released into the environment is a continual problem facing the survival of sensitive species on our planet. Even though legislation regulates energy industries in many countries, the continual release of pollutants, such as heavy metal accumulation and persistent organic pollutants, are impacting climate change which will lead to social and cultural changes. These changes will continue to negatively impact both regional and global environments. There is a need for a combination of a One Health ecosystem interdisciplinary approach with an Environmental Justice ethic in order to maintain our ecosystems and the communities which they support at optimal health levels globally.


Using Seifert fibered three-manifold examples of Boileau an d Zieschang, we demonstrate that the Reshetikhin–Turaev quantum invarian ts may be used to provide a sharp lower bound on the Heegaard genus which is strictly la rger than the rank of the fundamental group.


Next generation CMB experiments with arcmin resolution will, for free, lay the foundations for a real breakthrough on the study of the early evolution of galaxies and galaxy clusters, thanks to the detection of large samples of strongly gravitationally lensed galaxies and of proto-clusters of dusty galaxies up to high redshifts. This has an enormous legacy value. High resolution follow-up of strongly lensed galaxies will allow the direct investigation of their structure and kinematics up to z~6, providing direct information on physical processes driving their evolution. Follow-up of proto-clusters will allow an observational validation of the formation history of the most massive dark matter halos up to z~4, well beyond the redshift range accessible via X-ray or SZ measurements. These experiments will also allow a giant leap forward in the determination of polarization properties of extragalactic sources, and will provide a complete census of cold dust available for star formation in the local universe.


Background Elevated blood pressure value and its elongated duration increases the risk of associated complications. It underlines the necessity of detection of hypertension at the early stage, especially in young adults, when the prevention is effective. It was estimated that the prevalence of hypertension in Poland was 20–30%, but this value is inadeqate in young adults. The aim of the study was to assess basic risk factors and the prevalence of hypertension in medical students, aged 18–25. Material and methods The cross-sectional study involved a BP measurement, in accordance with Polish Society of Hypertension and European Society of Hypertension guidelines, and the questionnaire estimating basic risk factors of hypertension in 532 students, aged 18–25. The statistical analysis was performed with EpiInfo 6.0 procedures. Results Optimal BP was recognized in 39.3% and hypertension in 14.8% students (both more frequently in men, p < 0.001). The prevalence of isolated systolic hypertension was 3.7% (more frequently in men, p < 0.05). Hypertensive subjects were more frequently overweight than students with normal BP (p < 0.05). Young adults with hypertension more frequently used diet rich in fat than students with normal BP (p < 0.05). Additionally, smoking habit and family history of hypertension did not increase the risk of hypertension. Conclusions The results revealed frequent incidence of hypertension in young adults (about 15%). The risk factors were obesity and improper diet. It justifies the necessity of cross-sectional studies in young adults to detect hypertension and to promote healthy lifestyle in young people. key words: hypertension, young adults, risk factors, epidemiologic cross-sectional study Arterial Hypertension 2006, vol. 10, no 2, pages 136–141.


The invention provides a construction method for a building sandwich composite wall. The construction method for the building sandwich composite wall comprises the following steps: (1) manufacturing a concrete external wall on an industrialized production line; compounding an insulating layer on the external wall; enabling a non-metallic connecting rod to penetrate the insulating layer, enabling a first anchoring body on the connecting rod to be placed in the external wall, and enabling a second anchoring body on the connecting rod to be located at the outer side of the right end of the insulating layer to form a two-layer composite wall after external wall maintenance; (2) transporting the two-layer composite wall to a construction site, and then, arranging a template at the right side of the insulating layer; connecting the second anchoring body on the connecting rod and a wire cable, and enabling the other end of the wire cable to pass through the template to be connected with a permanent seat to form a cavity between the template and the insulating layer; (3) pouring concrete in the cavity to form an internal wall after maintenance; (4) removing the permanent seat and the template in sequence to form the building sandwich composite wall. According to the construction method provided by the invention, compounding of the external wall and the insulating layer is finished during industrialized production, and pouring of the internal wall is finished at the construction site, so that the defects of the prior art are solved.


Let $(M, g)$ be an dimensional complete Riemannian manifold. In this paper we prove local Li-Yau type gradient estimates for all positive solutions to the following nonlinear parabolic equation \begin{equation*} (\partial_t - \Delta_g + \mathcal{R}) u(x, t) = - a u(x, t) \log u(x, t)
\end{equation*} along the generalised geometric flow. Here $ \mathcal{R} = \mathcal{R} (x, t)$ is a smooth potential function and $a$ is a constant. As an application we derived a global estimate and a space-time Harnack inequality.


This study has sought to determine the impact of policy changes that led to the breakup of the monopoly structure of U.S. telecommunications on productivity and research activities of AT&T. A simultaneous-equations model is used to examine the relationship between research intensity, market share, firm size, and total factor productivity (TFP) before and after divestiture. The results show that the effect of divestiture on productivity is negative but that competition has a significantly positive effect. Contrary to popular argument, competition led to significant increases in R&D investment by AT&T. The study also finds a strong and positive relationship between R&D and productivity in the postdivestiture period, marked by its absence in the predivestiture years. Scale economies remain important, indicating the industry continues to favor large firms.


Propagation of cocoa plants is generally still done generatively, so the handling to produce good quality seed is very important to note. Problems constraining cocoa seed procurement include: The distance between the seed source and the development area is far enough, the delivery facilities are inadequate, when the seeds are available not in accordance with the time of demand by the user, and the viability of cocoa seeds are rapidly declining. This study aims to determine the optimal cocoa water content for storage, to know the optimal storage of cocoa seeds and to know the effect of interaction between water content treatment and storage duration on cocoa seed viability and vigor. The design used in this research is Completely Randomized Design (RAL) factorial pattern with 3 replications. The results showed that the level of water content influenced the viability and vigor of cocoa seeds. The decrease in viability and vigor of the seeds is closely related to the moisture content of the seed. Storage of cocoa seeds at moisture content of 35-38% can suppress the rate of decline of seed. The length of the shelf period affects the viability and vigor of cocoa seeds. The longer the seed is stored, the lower the viability and the vigor. Viability and vigor of seeds even in the 6 week saving period have already shown seed death. There is an interaction between the moisture level and the length of the shelf period on the viability and vigor of cocoa seed. The rate of decline of cocoa seeds in each saving period depends on the degree of moisture content of the seed. Up to the 6-week saving period, viability and vigor of cocoa seeds can be maintained at a 25-28% moisture level. * Corresponding Author: Saiful Bahri  firstname.lastname@example.com International Journal of Agronomy and Agricultural Research (IJAAR) ISSN: 2223-7054 (Print) 2225-3610 (Online) http://www.innspub.net Vol. 13, No. 2, p. 157-167, 2018 Int. J. Agron. Agri. R. Bahri et al. Page 158 Introduction Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) is one of the most important plantations to be developed by both large estates and smallholders. The development of cocoa area has been done in several provinces covering the islands of Sumatra, Kalimantan, Sulawesi and Papua. The total area of cocoa plantations in Indonesia in 2008 of 1,425,217 ha increased to 1,732,954 ha in 2012 (Directorate General Plantation, 2013). Propagation of cocoa plants is generally still done generatively, so the handling to produce good quality seed is very important to note. Superior cocoa seed is only produced by seed producers appointed by the government through the Ministry of Agriculture. Currently, the need for problem seed seeds that constrains cocoa seed procurement is the location of seed sources with extensive expansion areas, inadequate delivery facilities of semi-limited air transport facilities in cocoa development centers, thus requiring relatively long time during delivery this can decrease the quality of the seed, especially the physiological quality (Adelina and Maemunah, 2004). Several factors affecting the viability of recalcitrant seeds include moisture content of seeds, humidity, storage space temperature, container, and storage period. Seed water content greatly determines the viability of seeds to maintain shelf life hence the water content of seeds is kept high. The longer the seeds stored, the observed water content parameters that are affected by the long storage factor indicate a decrease. The occurrence of the decline is caused by the decrease in food reserves in the seeds with increasing length of storage. This indicates that as long as the seeds are stored there is a process of respiration in the seeds, so the food reserves contained in the cotyledons used as energy reserves in the process of growth of the seeds are further reduced (Justice and Bass, 2002). Problems with the current procurement of cocoa seeds include: (a) The distance between seed sources and development areas far enough, (b) inadequate delivery means, (c) when seeds are available not in accordance with the timing of demand by users, and (d) viability of rapidly declining cocoa seeds. Based on the above problem, it is necessary to research about the influence of moisture content and storage duration on cocoa seed viability and vigor. Material and methods This research was conducted from July 2014 until April 2015 at the Laboratory of Seed Science and Technology Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University of Darussalam Banda Aceh. The instruments used in this research are analytical scales, a set of spinning power test apparatus, oven, desiccator, germinator, conductor, biuret, petri dish, measuring cylinder, biuret, test tube, air-conditioned storage room, hoe, mesh sieve. The materials used in this research are cocoa seeds of varieties of TSH 858 from coffee and cocoa stem top garden of Tangse Pidie Forestry and Plantation. Seed taken in the form pithy seeds in 2/3 the middle of the fruit. Flesh or pulp is cleaned with careful ash to prevent seeds from physical damage. The seeds that have been cleaned are then measured the initial moisture content by placing in 10 petri dish containers, then weigh the initial weight to get the wet weight, then the cup containing the seeds is diesel for 3x24 hours at 1050C, after which it is cooled in desiccator for 15 minutes then weighed dry weight. Seed water content is calculated by the formula: Moisture content (%) = wet weight − dry weight wet weight x 100 % The determination of the seed moisture content for the treatment is done by drying using an airconditioned room. To obtain the seed moisture level in accordance with the drying experiments carried out for a certain time each desired moisture content (2023%, 25-28%, 30-33% and 35-38%). Seeds are stored in clear plastic bag containers of 10x15cm without being perforated (airtight). Each bag contains 50 seed, the seed is stored according to the length of the shelf period in accordance with the experimental stage. The calculation of the duration of the shelf period starts from the first day of the decrease in water content in accordance with the level Int. J. Agron. Agri. R. Bahri et al. Page 159 of experiment conducted. Seed saving space is a room equipped with temperature and humidity (AC room). Observation parameters 1. Maximum Growing Potential Testing the maximum growth potential is done by planting cocoa seeds on the sand media as much as 25 grains in the container box germination. Growing potential is determined by the number of seeds that grow at the last observation (14 days after planting). Criteria of seeds that grow is a seed that shows symptoms of growth, meaning that the root or plumula exit through the skin of seeds of sprouts. Maximum Growing Potential (%) = ∑ seeds showing symptoms of growing ∑ seeds planted x 100 % 2. Sprout Power The germination rate indicates the number of normal seeds produced by the seeds under optimum environmental conditions. Germination rate is calculated based on the percentage of seeds that germinate normally from the amount of seeds that are added. A total of 25 seeds from each treatment were added to the germination media medium. Seed germination was calculated on the 7th day and the 14th day after the seeds were added. The normal seedling criteria are healthy growing hypocotyl with a length of at least twice the length of the seed, open cotyledons and growing epicotyl healthy. Germination power calculation is done with the following formula:


Objective To discuss how to predict epilepsy.Methods Method of phase synchronization based on the wavelet transform was used to detect the phase synchronization of 8 leads in long-term intracranial EEG recording from 6 epilepsy patients.The value of phase synchronization R between every 2 leads was obtained.Results The phase synchronization analysis based on the wavelet transform could distinguish a preictal state and normal interictal state.Conclusion The phase synchronization analysis based on the wavelet transform is a useful algorithm that is applicable for epileptic prediction and has limited localization.


RT-PCR was performed to clone the functional gene encoding GGPPS (geranylgeranyl diphosohate synthase) from Tibet specific yew ( Taxus wallichiana) , which is designated as TwGGPPS (GenBank Accession number; DQ 364604). TwGGPPS is 1183 bp in length encoding a 393-amino acid polypeptide. There exists an 18-amino acid plastidial transit peptide in the N-terminus and is followed by the catalytic region. In the catalytic region of TwGGPPS, two Asp-rich motifs are found that are considered as the active sites for mediate binding and C-chain extension. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that the plant GGPPSs had two groups: one is angiosperm GGPPS and the other is gymnosperm GGPPS and that TwGGPPS belongs to the group of the latter. When the homology-based modeling was applied to construct the 3-D structure of TwGGPPS, it was found that TwGGPPS" is composed of numerousα-heiixes connected with random coils. The helixes are circled to form a cave in which the Asp-rich motifs are localized. The genomic DNA sequence of TwGGPPS was isolated and proved to be the same as that from cDNA, thus suggesting that TwGGPPS is an intron-free gene.


Most of the effort dedicated to bridging the gap between real life planning and domain independent planning has been put in enhancing the latter. In this paper we follow the opposite direction: what can we do in space engineering to narrow this gap? We present some of the problems that make impractical the use of domain independent planning when following the standard architectural design schemes used for space systems. We present a different architectural scheme that avoid these problems turning easier the use of domain independent planning. We briefly describe a real life application based on this new approach: a multi-mission multi-sensor ground station service that manages many Tracking, Telemetry & Command, and science data downloading antennas.


Drought is a natural threat that exists in all climatic zones around the globe. There is a need to categorize drought events and the probability of occurrence for better planning and management of relief and rehabilitation. In this study, drought monitoring indices namely the Standard Precipitation Index (SPI) and Vegetation Condition Index (VCI) were used to analyse the observed variability of monsoon droughts over Andhra Pradesh State. Precipitation data between 1991-2019 was used to evaluate the SPI and to evaluate the VCI from NDVI data collected from 2011 to 2019 using multi-temporal Terra MODIS Vegetation Indices Product (MOD13Q1). In this analysis, more often drought events occurred in 3 and 6 months SPI during monsoon season. In this study, data mining techniques (such as the Association Rules) are used to explain the association between VCI and SPI to predict the probability of occurrence of drought. The association rules formed by the VCI and the 3-month SPI with 77 percentage of confidence and 1.11 of lift indicate the higher accuracy of the rules and the effect on vegetation ford rainfall accumulation. This research incorporated the various software and dataset levels used to predict the probable occurrence and severity of drought using the current situation. The analysis revealed the advantages of NDVI and rainfall for indices of spatial and multitemporal drought to identify and forecast the characteristics of drought.


Salinization of irrigated lands is a major challenge towards supplying required food and feed to meet the needs of an increasing global population. In this study, the changes in soil salinity and several other chemical properties were investigated in an irrigation scheme during a period that experienced severe drought followed by above-normal precipitation. Soil salinity, represented by the electrical conductivity (EC) of the saturated paste extract, decreased for the top layers and increased for the bottom layers during the study period, suggesting some level of leaching had occurred. However, the change in the average EC of top 1.5 m of the soil was not statistically significant. The change in exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) was not significant over the study period either. In contrast, average pH and calcium concentrations increased and decreased significantly during the study period, respectively. EC and ESP data were used in soil classification. The percentage of all sampled sites classified as saline was 60 at the beginning of the dry–wet period, but dropped to 50% at the end of this period. All tested parameters were temporally stable, preserving their spatial rank during the study period.


Discloses a side-situ device for various vehicle types of body assembly system is provided which may be used to cause a general purpose side control side wall panels jig returns to the main assembly step working position. The apparatus comprises a corresponding struts operative position in the vertical direction and in the width direction of the vehicle body is movably disposed in the column frame and adequately support the moving member common side jig, connected to the movable member and the common side surface clamp returns to the main control unit to the original position is provided on the moving member holding common side jig moving member holder fitting portion, and disposed in a column frame and movement of the moving member in the width direction of the vehicle body operation portion .


Crack-free 40 pairs of AlN/GaN multiple quantum wells (MQWs) were successfully grown by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy using H 2 as a carrier gas. From a 2θ-ω scan XRD profile of the 40-pair AlN/GaN MQWs, satellite peaks from -2nd to +1st were observed, which suggests that the MQWs form abrupt interfaces with good crystal quality. The abrupt interfaces were also confirmed by a cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy. Additionally, an excellent electrical property of the AlN(0.7 nm)/GaN(1.7 nm) MQWs with an electron mobility of 1500 cm 2 /Vs and a sheet electron density of 1.4 x 10 13 cm -2 at room temperature was achieved. This electrical property is also an evidence of the high quality AlN/GaN MQWs.


This issue of NeoReviews is devoted largely to disorders of the placenta. In two earlier reviews, Dr Kurt Benirschke provided excellent overviews of the normal and abnormal placenta (see the June 2004 and September 2005 issues of NeoReviews ). The articles in the current issue provide more detail about recent advances in investigations of placental pathology, offering information that should be understood by all neonatologists to help them interpret pathologists' reports and explain findings better to parents.

In addition to expanding our understanding of chorioamnionitis and "demystifying" villitis and fetal thrombotic vasculopathy, this issue includes an extensive discussion of the twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS). Although relatively uncommon, this disorder is …


To characterize a novel bacteriophage, En5822, isolated from the environment against Enterobacter cloacae and exploring its application as an alternate antimicrobial.


A portable electronic device charging cradle, comprising a body and a base, the body comprising an insertion slot, the base terminal equipped with a charging circuit board and electrically connected to the circuit board of the portable electronic device further includes a charging station in the base metal dome, the metal dome end protrudes out of the bottom of the insertion slot, when no charge, the metal dome phase separated from the charging terminal; required charging the inserted portable electronic device of the portable electronic when charging holder, conductive pins of the portable electronic device is contacted with the metal dome, the metal dome is then pressed to contact with the charging terminal elastically deformed. Charging station the portable electronic device can effectively prevent electrostatic damage.


A demand model which works in logarithmic first differences is applied to data from the Irish economy to estimate price and income elasticities. Six commodity-groups are used. The results are, on the whole, reasonable and consistent wi th other evidence. Three of the groups show "luxury" income elasticities, but only one has a price elasticity greater (in absolute value) than unity. Tests applied to i:he model suggest that, contrary to economic theory, an equal proportionate change in income and all prices wi l l cause a change in the consumption pattern. The response to price changes also seems to be asymmetrical. Section I: Introduction i THIS paper applies a recently developed model to Irish data for consumer expenditure. The procedure provides two kinds o f information; first, numerical primates o f the income and price elasticities o f various com modity groups are obtained and second, i t is possible to discover whether certain basic assumptions o f consumption theory are valid for Irish consumers. The model in question is the so-called "Rotterdam system" developed mainly by Theil and Barten. I t is described in a number o f articles. The basic philosophy o f the approach is given by Theil (1965). Barten (1968) expanded the theory and applied i t to four-commodity groups and later (1969) to sixteen-commodity groups. Theil (1971) has given a simplified description o f the estimation method. The model has been applied to data f rom several countries; apart f rom Barten's researches using Dutch data, results are published f rom US, U K , Spanish and Swedish sources (see B r o w n and Deaton, 1972). In the present study six-commodity groups are used. This involves a high level o f aggregation but there are two reasons for not using a finer division. I n the first place, the data are scarce—there are only 19 observations o f each variable and one o f these is lost in taking differences so that the w o r k involves estimating at least seven constants for each 18 observations. Further division wou ld be likely to make excessive demands on the data. Second, there is the fact that the estimating method generates very large matrices; the system here produces examples o f order 42 X 42. This is just w i t h i n the capacity o f the A P L system available to the author. I f more variables were used a lengthy programme would have to be wri t ten.


Fluorescent melatoninergic ligands have been designed by associating the 4-azamelatonin ligands with different fluorophores. The ligands show good affinities for MT1 and/or MT2 receptors and substitution of the fluorophore at positions 2 or 5 of the azamelatonin core had a direct impact on the MT receptors selectivity while grafting the fluorophores on position N1 produced fluorescent ligands with good affinities for both MT1/MT2 receptors. The optimal position N-1, C-2 or C-5 on the 4-azamelatonin ligand appeared strongly dependent upon the nature of the fluorophore itself.


On behavior tests for taste evalutaion with mice, lick number to the test solutions depends on their favorability. So, we analyzed the favorability of various concentration of denatonium benzoate bitter solution based on animal behavior. We also analyzed and quantified the favorability change sw hen sodium saccharin as sweet compound, monosodium glu- tamate as umami compound, or sodium chloride as salty compound wa sa dded to the bitter test solutions. As a result, the addition of 2.5 mM of sodium saccharin, 500 mM of monosodium glutamate, and 100 mM of sodium chloride showed the ability to suppress bitter taste as 40%, 69%, 46%, respectively. These results suggest that the bitter masking effects could be evaluated objectively by animal behavior, without having human sensory evaluation by welltrained panelists.


AbstractIn recent decades, such global institutions as the United Nations (U.N.) have promoted sustainable development, loosely defined as improving the human condition without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs. In its advocacy, the U.N. has called for the crafting of measures to benchmark current conditions and mark progress toward the overall goal. As national and subnational governments have undertaken these activities, they have also been involved in developing a wide range of monitoring tools, especially defining indicators reflective of their distinctive programs in this arena. The work of the Partnership for Sustainable Communities (PSC), an alliance between the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, the U.S. Department of Transportation, and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, founded in 2009, provides an example of this phenomenon. Working with researchers from the University of Pennsylvania Institute for Urban Research and funded by the Ford Foundation, the PSC has launched the Sustainable Communities Indicator Catalog described in this article.IntroductionPublic and private decisionmakers in the 21st century are fashioning sustainable development policies and programs in response to a variety of global concerns that include climate change, resource depletion, economic downturns, high levels of poverty, wasteful settlement and urbanization patterns, and a scarcity of adequate, affordable housing and basic services. They assume that human settlement activity has lasting effects on the well-being of individuals and society and understand that sustainable development is an ongoing process, not a "fixed state of harmony" (Hardi and Zdan, 1997: 9). In their choices of policies and programs, decisionmakers adhere to the so-called Brundtland Commission's interpretation of sustainable development to improve the human condition to meet current needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs, an idea refined at the Rio Earth Summit in 1992 and further developed at the Rio +20 Conference in 2012. The Future We Want, the outcome document of the 2012 meeting, defined sustainable development as working for poverty eradication, changing unsustainable patterns of consumption and production, and promoting inclusive and equitable economic growth (U.N., 2012).Notably, The Future We Need called for the formulation of sustainable development goals, targets, and indictors to be applied to all nations (U.N., 2012). This declaration would call for broadening and extending an earlier setup, the soon-to-expire Millennium Development Goals that applied to only the developing countries. Thereafter, the United Nations (U.N.) initiated a 3-year deliberative process to develop a post-2015 development framework of sustainable development goals, targets, and indicators to be presented for U.N. General Assembly approval m September 2015. By the early spring of 2015, U.N. member states had made much progress toward agreeing, in principle, to 17 goals with associated targets and were deeply involved in determining indicators that the U.N. Statistical Commission agreed to deliver by March 2016.General Background on Sustainable DevelopmentOver the years, much work has been done to strengthen the research, policy, practice, and subsequent evaluation of sustainable development. Many believe that progress has been sluggish, however, and attribute the slow adoption of the paradigm to political resistance, limited financial resources, and such technical issues as the absence of scientifically valid and credible indicator systems (Evans and Steven, 2011; UNCTAD, 2011).Experts agree that "sustainable development is perhaps the most challenging policy concept ever developed" (Hak, Moldan, and Dahl, 2007: 2), noting that it receives support generally when characterized broadly as "not cheating your kids" (Bell and Morse, 2010: 5) but less agreement when it comes to putting it into operation with a working definition. …


The development of variable friction base isolation systems (VFSs) is the object of an ongoing international research project that involves extensive numerical and experimental activities. This article presents some of the recent numerical developments carried out as part of this project. More specifically, a three-dimensional (3D) variable friction (VF) element is formulated and implemented into OpenSees, providing the foundation for studying structural response in the context of nonlinear time history (NLTH) analysis. The element implementation captures the bearing bidirectional horizontal response along with horizontal–vertical coupling effects. Response predictions obtained using this newly implemented element are compared with the experimental results obtained from testing a full-scale VFS prototype, showing promising results. Finally, a demonstrative numerical study is carried out in which a steel moment resisting frame (MRF) structure, isolated using VFSs, is analyzed via NLTH analyses.


The utility model discloses a prefabricated beam end joint structure. A prefabricated concrete beam and a prefabricated concrete column or a cast-in-place concrete column are mounted in a matched mode to form a prefabricated beam and column end joint, the prefabricated concrete beam is provided with U-shaped key grooves and is internally provided with reserved lower steel bars in the length direction, the reserved lower steel bars stretch out of cavities of the U-shaped key grooves, and anchoring plates are arranged at the tail ends of the reserved lower steel bars. The joint of the prefabricated concrete column or the cast-in-place concrete column is provided with upper steel bars, connecting steel bars and vertical steel bars, spiral hoops are arranged on the outer portions of the connecting steel bars and the reserved lower steel bars in a sleeved mode, anchoring plates are arranged at the ends of the spiral hoops, and the prefabricated beam and column end joint is fixed by pouring concrete in a beam and column joint area. The prefabricated beam end joint structure is convenient to construct, clearer in structural force flow and capable of fully ensuring quality.


: First-instar ofAedes albQpictus naturally infected with a rickettsial endosymbiont (Wblbachia Pipientis) were treated with tetracycline. The treatment successfully removed Vlrblbachia and resulted in establishment of a Wotbachia-free strain, Testing for the expression of cytoplasmic incompatibility in the cured and infected strains showed complete incompatibility only in crosses between the infected males and the cured females, which are typical crosses that express cytoplasmic incompatibility in other species.


Gold deposit is always related to volcanic activities. They occur usually in areas characterized by multi magmatic activities, indicated by occurrences various volcanic rocks with wide range composition. The source of the gold metal is believed to be magma, but not all magmatic activity related to gold mineralization. However, among different volcanic rocks in a multi magmatic activities area, only a certain magmatic or volcanic activity that related to the mineralization while the other products should be classified as barren type. It should give an important contribution for mining exploration in effort to discover new deposits in the future, if the volcanic rocks related to mineralization can be recognized easily and separated from the barren ones. Pasaman area located in west flank of Bukit Barisan Mountain within West Sumatera Province is reported since Japanese time to nowadays having indications of gold mineralization. Small scale mining by the local people was running in Tambang Pambaluan and area near Simpang Dingin in Dua Koto Sub-District during Japanese time, but now is not active anymore. At Bonjol, in Bonjol Sub-District, local people are still doing mining activity using amalgamation method and this activity has been running for a few decades since the Dutch time. The locations are situated in a wide area that covered by so called undifferentiated volcanic rocks without any trace of its eruption center. Major elements have been failed to separate volcanic rocks related to mineralization from the barren ones, but trace elements and REE signatures can be used effectively for the purpose. Analytical data of the rocks collected from the undifferentiated volcanic area show clear and different character of the rocks related to mineralization compared to the barren ones. The rocks related to mineralization contain Ytrium less than 10 ppm, while the barren rocks have more than 20 ppm Ytrium content. Furthermore, the rocks related to mineralization are slightly enriched on Rb. More specific character for the rocks related to mineralization is observed on REE diagrams. REE pattern of the rocks related to mineralization shows a clear and significant depletion on medium to HREE (from Gd to Lu), although the depletion can be recognized from Sm and Eu elements. The specific geochemical signatures of the rocks are interpreted to be caused by the presence of gold metal in the magma. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate that the rocks related to mineralization have specific geochemical signatures and different from the barren rocks. The specific signatures have been found out through comparison of trace elements and REE pattern between rocks related to mineralization collected from Tambang Pambaluan, Simpang Dingin dan Bonjol with the barren rocks collected in other locations in the undifferentiated volcanic area in Pasaman


Any history of logic from Kant to the 20th century needs to take into account the emergence of logicism, since it is largely in this context that logic as we know it became prominent. Usually Gottlob Frege and Bertrand Russell are seen as its two main representatives, especially early on, and the more recent rise of neo-logicism, in writings by Crispin Wright, Bob Hale and others, proceeds along Fregean lines as well. In this chapter, I will focus on Richard Dedekind instead. Today Dedekind is sometimes mentioned in connection with logicism; yet at the end of the 19th century, he was the most prominent logicist, ahead of Frege. This alone invites further reflection. Reconsidering Dedekind also leads naturally to questions about what was, or could be, understood by "logic" in this context. Addressing them will involve developments in 19thcentury mathematics that are relevant in two respects: by forming core parts of the background for the emergence of modern logic; and by pointing towards a distinction between two conceptions of logic that deserve more attention, both historically and philosophically.


The responses of seedlings of Tristaniopsis laurina and Acmena smithii, two important tree species in riparian warm temperate rainforest communities in Victoria, are investigated in relation to flood disturbances. Freshly germinated A. smithii seedlings had died within 5 weeks of complete waterlogging in the greenhouse, and although the young T. laurina seedlings survived waterlogging for 14 weeks, their growth rate was curtailed. Nine-month-old seedlings of both species were found to be relatively tolerant to waterlogging, forming aerenchymatous surface roots after 40 days of flooding. Neither species suffered leaf abscission or demonstrated any other signs of water stress commonly associated with flood intolerant species. In experiments to determine the resilience of these species to physical flood damage, both species also demonstrated a capacity to regenerate vegetatively following the removal of above ground parts in young seedlings. The heartwood of T. laurina was found to be more decay resistant than that of other species in the field including that of A. smithii. The significance of these results are discussed in relation to other factors examined in earlier papers adding to the understanding of the ecological status of these species within the riparian rainforest communities.


By comparing the gas and water production characteristics of 57 coalbed methane(CBM) wells in southern Qinshui Basin in 1.5 years,the geological factors and engineering factors which affecting the productivity change of CBM wells in this area were analyzed,and the corresponding development proposals were proposed.The results show that coal seam buried depth and hydrodynamic conditions,gas content and tectonic position of CBM wells are the main geological controlling factors that affecting the productivity of CBM wells in southern Qinshui Basin,and fracturing treatment scale of coal reservoir before development,descending speed of the bottom hole flowing pressure and exploitation rate are the important engineering factors.Meanwhile,put forward the corresponding parameter indexes,that is buried depth at 500~700 m,gas content should greater than 15 m3/t,and larger pressure drop(about 0.022 MPa/d) and stroke(3.0 /min) are favorable in the early drainage period,and smaller pressure drop(0.002 MPa/d) and stroke(0.4 /min) should be applied when the gas peak appears.


Abstract—Mach-Zehnder interferometer(MZI) is based on a 2×2 fiber coupler and a 3×3 fiber coupler, which is easily influenced by changes of circumstances especially the temperature which will lead to the worsen of the stability of the MZI. In order to solve this problem, a reasonable phase compensation circuit with balanced detecting and high-sensitivity is proposed in this paper and Multisim is being used to simulate and verify for further debugging and improvements, so that the servo system consisting of active phase compensation circuit can effectively enhance the stability of the interferometer.


Based on seismic method of calculating the weak layers of reinforced concrete frame structure,the weak layer is determined and comparative analysis is carried out.The influence of the axial compressive ratio of frame column frame structure damage pattern and ductility are analysed.The current seismic code's limit value of the axial compressive ratio is high which mainly leads to frame structure failure.By adjusting the change of frame column section size and controling the large eccentric loading range of destruction,the aseismic capacity of building can be improved.


A robust VI-CFAR detector based on censored mean level(termed CMLVI-CFAR) is presented aiming at the problems that the poor detection performance of MLVI-CFAR detector in the situation that the multiple interfering targets are located in reference window stochastically and poor detection performance of OSVI-CFAR detector in the environment of homogeneous or multiple interfering targets only located in leading or lagging halves.The simulation illustrates that in both homogeneous and multiple interfering targets environment,the detection performance of the proposed detector is improved greatly.Moreover,in clutter edge environment,the false alarm performance of this detector is almost consistent with the MLVI and OSVI-CFAR detector.It is more robust than MLVI-CFAR and OSVI-CFAR in practice and has great potential applications.


ABSTRACT The use of spectral methods now has a long history in global atmospheric modelling wherein the attractive properties of Fourier series on spheres, including higher-order convergence rates and efficient implementation via the transform method, have proven advantageous. Partially offsetting these advantages, however, are several competing disadvantages. Two of these, the appearance of Gibbs oscillations for localized processes (e.g., orographic interactions) and the difficulty of mapping spectral techniques onto parallel computer architectures, are inherent to the global nature of these techniques. A third drawback, the restriction of these methods to regular geometries, has severely limited their application to the modelling of the large-scale ocean circulation. We describe a global circulation model that has, in principle, none of these limitations. The model utilizes the spectral element method that combines the geometrical flexibility of traditional finite element methods with the rapid converg...


Image corner detection is one of fundamental problems of computer vision and image processing research. Most of the corner detectors detect too much redundant information and increase unnecessary computational costs. We present a new mask that uses only the margin pixels of two circles. To avoid the unnecessary computing, when the mask is scanning areas of similar intensity, the mask will go on with the next nucleus directly. Then a fast corner detection algorithm based on a double circle mask is proposed. We test the performance of our algorithm on digital signal processing and the experimental results show that our new detector performs better and costs less time than the three other methods to which it is compared.


Abstract : A recently-developed density functional procedure for computing gas phase heats of formation is briefly described and results for several categories of energetic compounds are summarized and discussed. Liquid and solid phase values can be obtained by combining the gas phase data with heats of vaporization and sublimation estimated by means of other relationships. Some observed functional group effects upon heats of formation are noted. jg p1


Research results about the influence of BEA zeolite preliminary dealumination on the acid–base characteristics and catalytic performance of 1% Zn-BEA compositions in propane dehydrogenation with CO2 are presented. The catalyst samples, prepared through a two-step post-synthesis procedure involving partial or complete dealumination of the BEA specimen followed by the introduction of Zn2+ cations into the T-positions of the zeolite framework, were characterized using XRD, XPS, MAS NMR, SEM/EDS, low-temperature N2 ad/desorption, C3H8/C3H6 (CO2, NH3)-TPD, TPO-O2, and FTIR-Py techniques. Full dealumination resulted in the development of a mesoporous structure and specific surface area (BET) with a twofold decrease in the total acidity and basicity of Zn-BEA, and the formation of Lewis acid sites and basic sites of predominantly medium strength, as well as the removal of Brønsted acid sites from the surface. In the presence of the ZnSiBEA catalyst, which had the lowest total acidity and basicity, the obtained selectivity of 86–94% and yield of 30–33% for propene (at 923 K) exceeded the values for ZnAlSiBEA and ZnAlBEA. The results of propane dehydrogenation with/without carbon dioxide showed the advantages of producing the target olefin in the presence of CO2 using Zn-BEA catalysts.


An apparatus (11) for conditioning media, for example a moving web (12) of receptor material in an electrostato graphic printer (10), is described. The apparatus (11) com prises a heating System, Such as a heated drum (55), to adjust the moisture content of the media and a cooling System (65) for cooling the heated media. A moisture Sensor Such as an electrometer (74) determines the moisture content e.g. by an electrical condition of the media before it leaves the appa ratus (11). The moisture sensor (74) controls the heating system (55). A temperature sensor (81) determines the temperature of the media after cooling. This sensor (81) may control the cooling System (65) or other parameters of the System. By conditioning a receptor material in an electros tatographic printer, a higher yield of toner transfer can be obtained. Optionally two electrometers (74a, 74b) are used to thereby detect the charge decay on an earthed metal drum (72). By Sensing the moisture at a constant temperature or by control of Specific System parameters by the temperature signal, a stable control circuitry (101, 83) is achieved.


This study is an extended version of the paper presented at the 47th conference of German historiographers in Dresden in October 2008. This was a contribution to a longterm discussion of the association of the Bohemian Crown with the Holy Roman Empire. On the grounds of factual argumentation, the author confirms that the Bohemian Lands, whose affiliation to the Holy Roman Empire was clearly declared by the Golden Bull of 1356 issued by Charles IV, King of Bohemia and Emperor, did not become a part of the
Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation, which was formed later and which symbolically began at the Imperial Diet in Worms in 1495. The Bohemian Lands were not declared a part of the Empire until 1708 in relation to the fact that the King of Bohemia newly became a member of the group of the Electors at the Imperial Diet. The King of Bohemia was also the king or emperor of the Roman Empire from 1531; however, this in no way influenced the relation between the Bohemian Lands and the Empire in the early Modern Period.
It was not until the turn of the 17th and 18th centuries, when the Habsburgs' diplomacy strove to enhance its influence among the Electors at the Imperial Diet (which was crowned with success in 1708), that we can see the special-purpose historical interpretation stating that the affiliation of the Bohemian Lands to the Empire had never been interrupted from the Middle Ages and the absence of the King of Bohemia at the Electors' sessions was explained as a consequence of the fact the king also held the office of the emperor.


The best-known algorithms to compute a Gröbner basis of an ideal are static, in that they require a term ordering as input, and return a Gröbner basis with respect to that same ordering. The choice of ordering can have a critical effect on the time and memory consumed, and while some orderings have a reputation for efficiency, they are not always a good choice, let alone the best choice. A dynamic algorithm to compute a Gröbner basis does not require a term ordering as input, but tries to compute an efficient term ordering as the computation proceeds, returning both a final ordering, and a Gröbner basis with respect to that ordering. Past implementations have relied on linear programming to do this, but the associated linear programs grow very large, very quickly, putting many ideals of interest out of this technique's reach. The solution set to these linear programs takes the form of a polyhedral cone, and a dynamic algorithm can use the cone's skeleton to reduce drastically both the size and number of linear programs, making it possible to compute ideals that were previously beyond the dynamic algorithm's practical reach. This talk, based on joint work with Massimo Caboara of the University of Pisa, reviews the idea of a dynamic algorithm, describes the new technique, and demonstrates its benefits.


Data on physical health and mortality in the US, centered near the 1980 Census year, are presented, focusing on sex differentials in mortality followed by sex differentials in health. The discussion covers possible explanations for these sex differentials and the apparent contradiction of why there is excess female morbidity but excess male mortality. In 1980, the estimated life expectancy at birth was 70.0 years for men and 77.5 years for women. Age-adjusted death rates in the US were 777 deaths/100,000 for men and 433 deaths/100,000 for women, yielding a sex ratio of 1.79. Thus, in 1980, men had nearly an 80% higher age-adjusted death rate than women. Further, for every 100,000 people, 200 more men than women died. The age-adjusted figure was 345. In the US in 1980 the age-adjusted mortality rate for each of the 12 leading causes of death was higher for men than women. The sex mortality ratios demonstrate that relative to women, men had higher mortality rates particularly between the ages of 15-34. The sex ratio of life expectation increases with age. A women over age 60 in 1980 could expect to live nearly 30% longer than a man her age. Accidents are the main contributor to the sex differential at young ages; heart disease is the primary contributor at older ages. Regardless of how health interviews word the questions, women consistently report worse health status than men. In interview data, females tend to have more acute conditions per year than males -- about 17% more in 1980, and with a similar excess in other years. The female excess appears for infective and parasitic diseases, respiratory conditions, digestive system conditions, and "all other acute conditions." The last group includes problems due to pregnancy and childbirth, yet, even when these are removed, female rates for "all other acute conditions" exceed male rates. Only for injuries do males have higher rates than females. The available data suggest that women have greater morbidity than men. After early childhood, females have both higher rates of acute conditions and more restricted activity per condition. Females are more likely to have a chronic condition, to have more doctor and dentist visits, and to use more drugs. These relationships remain even after pregnancy-related events are removed. Yet, men have higher prevalence for many "killer" chronic conditions, higher prevalence rates of heart disease at younger ages, and higher injury rates at all ages. Sex differences in 4 areas provide possible explanations as to why women tend to have poorer health but men tend to have shorter lives: inherited risks; acquired risks; illness and prevention orientations; and health and death reporting behavior.


We present high angular resolution 1.1 mm continuum and spectroscopic Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array observations of the well-known massive protocluster Mon R2 IRS 3. The continuum image at 1.1 mm shows two components, IRS 3 A and IRS 3 B, that are separated by ∼0.65 arcsec. We estimate that IRS 3 A is responsible of ∼80 per cent of the continuum flux, being the most massive component. We explore the chemistry of IRS 3 A based on the spectroscopic observations. In particular, we have detected intense lines of S-bearing species such as SO, SO2, H2CS, and OCS, and of the complex organic molecules (COMs) methyl formate (CH3OCHO) and dimethyl ether (CH3OCH3). The integrated intensity maps of most species show a compact clump centred on IRS 3 A, except the emission of the COMs that is more intense towards the near-IR nebula located to the south of IRS 3 A, and HC3N whose emission peak is located ∼0.5 arcsec NE from IRS 3 A. The kinematical study suggests that the molecular emission is mainly coming from a rotating ring and/or an unresolved disc. Additional components are traced by the ro-vibrational HCN ν2 = 1 3→2 line which is probing the inner disc/jet region, and the weak lines of CH3OCHO, more likely arising from the walls of the cavity excavated by the molecular outflow. Based on SO2 we derive a gas kinetic temperature of T$_k\, \sim$ 170 K towards the IRS 3 A. The most abundant S-bearing species is SO2 with an abundance of ∼ 1.3 × 10−7, and χ(SO/SO2) ∼ 0.29. Assuming the solar abundance, SO2 accounts for ∼1 per cent of the sulphur budget.


Both conformers(Ci,D3d) of 18-crown-6 have been studied by Langevin mode method under four viscidities of solvent:0.0,3.0×10-4,6.0×10-4 Pa·s(about the viscidity of methol at room temperature),9.0×10-4 Pa·s(about the viscidity of water at room temperature).For viscidity of 9.0×10-4 Pa·s,both Oseen method and Rotne-Prage method were used in the calculation.The results showed that the viscidities of solvent greatly influenced on the properties of 18-crown-6,especially the distribution of the vibrational frequency and the librational angle of the bond vector.The effects of nondiagonal elements of the frictional matrix must be considered by using Oseen or Rotne-Prage method when the viscidity of solvent is large.At the same time,the results also show that Langevin mode method is a very effectivce model for interpreting molecular motion in solution.


This study proposes a novel method for the segmentation of Archaic Chinese sentences based on a bidirectional long short-term memory (LSTM) + conditional random field (CRF) model. The method added a layer of linear statistical model to the traditional bidirectional LSTM neural network; it can be used for sequence annotation from the sentence level. In addition, this model introduced the stochastic gradient descent (SGD) to prevent excessive fitting, and the viterbi algorithm was used to calculate the optimal sequence of the sentences. In the experiment, this study tests the performance of the proposed method using the History of the Han Dynasty, the History of the later Han Dynasty, Three Kingdoms, and the Book of Jin, amongst others. The results show that the precision value, recall value, and F1 value are 0.77, 0.75, and 0.76, respectively, in the open test, and 0.90, 0.88, and 0.76, respectively, in the closed test.


Driver inattentiveness and distraction resulting in unsafe vehicle maneuvers are a significant safety concern because such behavior can directly lead to crashes. An effective technical countermeasure is to detect unsafe driving events and provide drivers with advanced warning information. This study presents an intervehicle safety warning information system. An inertial measurement unit consisting of an accelerometer and gyro sensor in addition to a Global Positioning System receiver was used to collect data for the developed algorithm. Vehicle position, speed, acceleration, and angular velocity data were analyzed and were used as inputs for the algorithm. A support vector machine classifier was also incorporated into the algorithm to identify further the severity of unsafe driving events. The performance evaluation results showed that the detection algorithm could capture longitudinal and transverse unsafe driving events. In addition, a prototype of the proposed warning information system was implemented on a test bed in support of vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure communications. Extensive field tests have been conducted in the test bed to fine-tune the prototypical system. These results demonstrate that the system holds promise for improving drivers' safety and mitigating crash risks.


We present an assessment platform for gathering online relevance judgments for mobile push notifications that will be deployed in the newly-created TREC 2016 Real-Time Summarization (RTS) track. There is emerging interest in building systems that filter social media streams such as tweets to identify interesting and novel content in real time, putatively for delivery to users' mobile phones. In our evaluation design, all participants subscribe to the Twitter streaming API to identify relevant tweets with respect to a set of interest profiles. As the systems generate results, they are pushed in real time to our evaluation broker via a REST API. The broker then "routes" the tweets to assessors who have installed a custom app on their mobile phones. We detail the design of this platform and discuss a number of challenges that need to be tackled in this type of "Living Labs" setup. It is our goal that such an evaluation design will mitigate any issues that have arisen in traditional batch-style evaluations of this type of task.


In this dissertation, we study different methods for recognition, matching, and restoration of three-dimensional shapes and range data. In the first part of the dissertation, a geometric framework for the recognition of three-dimensional objects represented by point clouds is introduced. The proposed approach is based on computing a number of signatures for each point cloud object based on the histograms of various intrinsic measurements on the point cloud, and comparing these signatures with those of other objects. The first method we introduce is the histogram of pairwise diffusion distances between all points on the shape surface. The diffusion distance between two points is related to the probability of traveling from one of the points to the other in a fixed number of random steps. This signature is augmented by the histogram of the pairwise geodesic distances in the point cloud, the distribution of the ratio between these two distances, as well as the distribution of the number of times each point lies on the shortest paths between other pairs of points. These signatures are not only geometric but also invariant to bends. We further augment these signatures by the distribution of a curvature function and the distribution of a curvature weighted distance. A combination of these histograms for each object are compared to those for other objects using the χ 2 or other common distance metrics for distributions. The presentation of the framework is accompanied by theoretical and geometric justification and state-of-the-art experimental results. We also present a detailed analysis of the particular relevance of each proposed histogram-based signature. Finally, we briefly discuss a more local approach where the histograms are computed for a number of overlapping patches from the object rather than the whole shape, thereby opening the door to partial shape comparisons.
In the second part of the dissertation, the problem of non-rigid shape recognition is viewed from the perspective of metric geometry, and the applicability of diffusion distances within the Gromov-Hausdorff framework is explored. The diffusion distance provides an intrinsic distance measure for this application which is robust against topological changes, such as those due to natural non-rigid deformations, as well as acquisition and representation noise. The presentation of the proposed framework is complemented with numerous examples demonstrating that in addition to the relatively low complexity involved in the computation of the diffusion distances between surface points, the performances of recognition and matching based on diffusion distances compare favorably against methods based on the classical geodesic distances, especially in the presence of topological changes between the non-rigid shapes.
In the third part of this dissertation, the problem of denoising and occlusion restoration of 3D range data based on dictionary learning and sparse representations is explored. Sparse signal representations, in particular with learned dictionaries, are widely used for state-of-the-art audio, image, and video restoration. We consider the 3D surface as an image, where the value of each pixel represents the depth of a point on the 3D surface. Having this image, we apply techniques from dictionary learning and sparse representation to enhance the acquired 3D surface. These techniques use the sparse decomposition of the overlapping patches in the image over an adapted overcomplete dictionary. We present experimental results on denoising 3D surfaces following this approach. These experiments are based on range-data obtained from a low-cost structured-light range scanner and other available datasets. We extend the proposed range-data sparse modeling approach, derive an algorithm for filling missing regions on 3D scans, and also apply it to increase the resolution of 3D shapes with non-uniform meshes.


The Schottky barrier height of Ti on p-type Si1–xGex/Si and Si have been investigated-in the temperature range 110–250 K using the current voltage technique. Rutherford Backscattering Spectroscopy ...


Non-pregnant Merino ewes with ruminal fistulae were offered lucerne chaff ad libitum for 2 h only each day. At the start of the feeding period they were given intra-ruminal infusions of varying quantities of NaCl, KC1 or sodium acetate in 250 ml of water. There was a decrease in feed intake and an increase in water intake with increasing levels of electrolyte infusion, i.e. with increasing ruminal osmolality. The results indicated that the osmolality of the ruminal liquor rather than the chemical properties of the infusate were important in the control of feed intake.


ABSTRACT We examined expert site supervisors' supervision cognitions while preparing for, conducting, and evaluating their supervision sessions with master's-level counseling students via concept mapping. Experts' cognitions were summarized in four areas: Supervisory Relationship, Conceptualization of Supervision and Supervision Interventions, Administrative/Logistical Considerations of Supervision, and Assessment of Supervisees and Their Practice. We discuss results and offer implications for research, practice, and training.


The aim of this research is to give an interactive learning resource to undergraduate. At first, there are three research questions: how to 1) design, 2) apply, and 3) test the interactive educational TV program were put forward which is based on the literature review on cognitive load theory, educational television, and interactive digital educational TV program. Alone with the 5 steps of ADDIE model, this research has designed the "Camera basic skills" interactive educational TV program for undergraduate students of SCNU. During the development and application phase, the Interactive Navigation Process (INP) has been chosen to apply the developed interactive TV program. Finally, there is an evaluation index system to test the effective for learning about this interactive educational TV program. After the analysis, the data indicated that the interactive educational TV program has achieved good performance on the three aspects (instruction, interactivity, and technique) of evaluation index system. So that the conclusion that "Camera basic skills" interactive educational TV program is effective for undergraduate students on the three aspects of instruction, interactivity, and technique can be found.


With the development of information techonology,people don't content to traditional type of media content and international communion,so more and more multi-media applications based on wireless network has come to being.MTK,as the main platform of homemade mobilephone,support many kinds of protocol,such as GSM、GPRS、TCP\IP、Bluetooth.Using MTK's Socket communication,selects XML as media of network transmission and data exchange to dynamic update the SP's port.


Structural features of larvae and pupae of Prostomis mandibularis are described in detail. Larval features are discussed with respect to their functional and phylogenetic significance. The distinct asymmetry of the larval head, absence of stemmata, presence of a sensorial field on antennomere III, and elongated and broadened mandibles of pupae and adults are autapomorphies of Prostomidae. The placement of Prostomis within Tenebrionoidea is suggested by the posteriorly diverging gula with well developed gular ridges and the anterior position of the posterior tentorial arms. Affinities of Prostomidae with the pythid-pyrochroid-lineage is supported by the pad-like structure of the maxillary articulatory area, the abdominal tergite IX extending to the ventral side of the segment, and the strongly pronounced prognathous condition. Presence of a distinct molar tooth is a derived feature shared by Prostomidae, Pythidae, Pyrochroidae, Inopeplidae and Othniidae. A thorax narrower than the head and the abdomen, and a plate-like abdominal segment IX, which articulates with segment VIII, are possible synapomorphies of Prostomidae, Boridae, Mycteridae and Pyrochroidae. The strongly flattened, prognathous head and the strongly flattened body of larvae of Prostomidae are correlated with their habits of boring in wood of decaying logs.


The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency use a four tiered evaluation process to assess the potential for significant impacts from open water disposal of dredged material to the aquatic environment. This tiered approach requires only the appropriate level of analysis to estimate potential chemical and biological effects. Uncertainty is inherent in each tier and can lead to delayed, costly, and potentially inappropriate decisions. This paper discusses sources of uncertainty in the tiered approach with the goal of improving dredged material management decisions. These potential uncertainty sources are common to many dredging projects but might not be applicable to all projects. Although not all uncertainty sources can be quantified, even using the simple scoring procedure described here, they can still contribute significantly to uncertainty in predictions of adverse effects. Of the sources that could be scored and ranked, those identified as most uncertain include trophic transfer, chronic bioassay interpretation, fate and transport model parameter uncertainty, toxicity endpoints based on body burdens, human dose-response models, toxicity of complex mixtures, and estimation of population-level effects. Research directed at these sources of uncertainty will result in improved decision making.


Starting from the D-glucose diacetonide (I), a convergent synthesis is developed using Grubbs′ ring closing metathesis as the key step.


A study was carried out under laboratory conditions during 2013–14 to evaluate the antifungal property of five different plantson leaf blight of tomato, Alternaria alternata. Aqueous and ethanolic leaf extracts of X. strumarium, Clerodendrum viscosum, Allium sativum, Polyalthia longifolia and D. stramonium showed less activity than the leaf extracts made in ethyl acetate. In antifungal assay agar of A. sativum, leaf extract (ethyl acetate) showed 100% inhibition of radial mycelial growth against A. alternata. Ethyl acetate extracts of X. strumarium, C. viscosum, P. longifolia and D. stramonium also showed antifungal growth inhibitory activity of A. alternata (inhibition 57.7, 75.5, 73.3 and 62.2%, respectively). Benzene was the best solvent for extraction of the antifungal properties among the five plants tested. Bioassay studies of bavistin against A. alternata showed minimum inhibitory concentration of 3 mg/ml. X. strumarium plant extracts tested against the pathogen have shown one distinct antifungal zone at Rf 0.85. The disease index was reduced to 1.2 when plants were sprayed with X. strumarium.


This is a joint work with Ryuji Higa. A band-move is a local move on a link diagram which is performed by adding a band. We define the band-unknotting number of a knot to be the minimum number of bandmoves needed to transform a diagram of the knot into a diagram of the trivial knot. In this talk, we show that the band-unknotting number of a knot is less than or equal to half the crossing number of the knot and the equality holds if and only if the knot is the trivial knot or the figure-eight knot. In this talk, we study nonlinear equations based on monotone and jointly homogeneous maps on an open convex normal cone. We derive the uniqueness and existence of positive solution by using Thompson's part metric and that the corresponding solution map is again monotone and jointly homogeneous. We apply our results to higher order geometric mean equations of positive definite operators on a Hilbert space. References


The production landscape is changing. Traditionally, the energy costs represented a
small part of the production expenses, meaning that the design of production facilities
usually neglected investments in efficient energy usage in favour of more important
factors, such as the maximization of production throughput; the energy consumption of
factories has been in fact always high, but the cost of energy has increased dramatically
in the last decades, pushing the industrial representatives to search for higher level of
efficiency. This scenario, however, is changing rapidly. According to the International
Energy Agency, manufacturing is responsible for approximately 37% of global primary
energy consumption being the largest energy consumer and CO2 producer.
Improvement of energy/resource efficiency is the key to reduce environmental impact
and is mentioned as driver to reach European 20/20/20 goals.
In order to obtain an efficient work and material flow, and achieve such challenging
results, an overall optimization of the whole concept of Factory has to be pursued,
introducing a new holistic vision of the production environment, with comprehensive
interventions acting both at methodological and technological level.
During the last decades, pushed by eco-oriented policies and standards, the European
manufacturing industries has seen a clear path of introduction of new technologies
within the production environment (or on its boundaries) conceived to reduce energy
consumption, recycle wastes or filter emissions.
However, in the majority of those cases, "production is still the king" and these systems
are regarded mainly as a support function whose objective is to provide additional
services to the production unit. Within this situation, in spite of the fact that the activity
level of these add-in systems is dependent on the production management of the main
process, the energy, waste and emissions considerations are rarely included during
design phase or in the planning, scheduling and control procedures.
Recently, new technologies have done important steps regarding energy efficiency in
terms of mechanisms, actuators and sensors. Complementary to this improvements at
component level, considerable savings, with minor efforts for a factory, can also be
obtained by introducing new adaptive control architectures, as supervisory optimizers of
the pre-existing controllers, able to predict the evolution of the system and consequently
modify its current behaviour in order to achieve the same production results but with
less energy consumed (remark: energy is considered as the main performance criterion
to be optimized, but the techniques are clearly independent from that effectively
selected).
The main techniques studied and successfully applied in real-case scenarios to perform
the adaptive control of a process are usually grouped under the Model Predictive
Control (MPC) family, but their implementation in complex, non-linear industrial
environments is still limited, and requires the development of ad-hoc engineered
solutions. Different implementation of MPC can be found in a wide variety of industrial
application areas, including chemicals, food processing, automotive and aerospace with
better results than classical control approaches such as a cascade control. Especially, in
Iron&Steel industry, can be find application of MPC techniques in the Continuous
Emission Monitoring Systems (CEMS or PEMS) (i.e. Pavilion8 by Rockwell-
Automation) but almost nothing, for instance, in the Energy Management System
(EMS), and in the control of furnaces and related equipment, that represent the most
energy intensive elements with respect to the rest of the plant.


This project designs a new type of three-hull unmanned ship with high maneuverability, which is characterized by a propeller under each of its two side bodies, and the propeller behind the hull is canceled at the same time. Compared with traditional ships, the three-hull unmanned ship designed in this project can obtain larger torque and better steering ability based on its structural characteristics on the premise of using the same type of propulsion, and the propulsors on both sides have the same power. Under the condition of reverse rotation, the unmanned ship can achieve in-situ steering. Compared with other ships, the propeller of the trimaran is not disturbed by the hull, so as to obtain a trimaran unmanned ship with high maneuverability.


In medical genetics, the vast majority of patients with a currently known genetic basis harbor a rare deleterious allele explaining its Mendelian inheritance. Increasingly, for these phenotypes, we recognize exceptions to Mendelian expectations from non‐penetrance of clinical disease to significant inter‐individual variation in clinical manifestations, likely reflecting the actions of additional modifier genes. Despite recent progress, we still remain ignorant about the molecular basis for many rare disorders presumed to be Mendelian. The molecular evidence increasingly suggests a role for multiple genes in some of these cases, but for how many? In this article, I discuss why equating a phenotype as Mendelian or complex may be short‐sighted or even erroneous. As we learn more about the functions of the human genome with its genes in networks, we should view the phenotype of an individual patient as arising from his or her total genomic deleterious burden in a set of functionally inter‐related genes affecting that phenotype. This can sometimes arise from deleterious allele(s) at a single gene (Mendelian inheritance) creating a specific biochemical deficiency (or excess) but could just as frequently arise from the cumulative effects of multiple disease alleles (complex inheritance) leading to the same biochemical deficiency (or excess).


Preface Introduction: Identity, Exclusion, Inclusion: Issues in Participatory Citizenship - Ranjita Mohanty and Rajesh Tandon PART ONE Identity - T K Oommen Enabling and Endangering Citizenship Perspectives on Participation and Citizenship - John Gaventa Citizen Participation in Development - Ranjita Mohanty Issues of Identity, Inclusion and Voice Citizen Action and Governance - Surinder Shukla PART TWO Marginalized Citizenship of Nomads - Mandakini Pant Corporate Accountability and Citizen Action - Peter Newell Companies and Communities in India A Silent Revolution - Manju Agrawal Women in Grass-Roots Democracy Towards Participation and Inclusion - Mariamma Sanu George Mainstreaming Gender in Decentralization Citizenship as Practice - Dikshit Sinha The Case of Marginalized Groups in Rural Bengal Index


For a firm, the most important task to manage, is to maintain the strongest position in the market place. The firm must keep an eye on the competition and be able to face it. The Ba-chelor's work analyses the ability to compete of LIVI, Ltd. It elicits the standing of the firm compared with other firm's in the same branch and also finds out whether is the firm able to hol up it's status. There are some recommendations in the last section of the work, which could lead to considerable satisfaction firm's clients and also to higher ability of the firm to compete.


Bayes' rule provides an undoubtedly powerful framework for statistical inference; however, the assumptions inherent in Bayesian filtering often cannot be realized in physical systems. Oftentimes, the true Bayesian posterior probability density function (pdf) is infinite-dimensional and lacks tractable implementations, in addition to errors induced by inaccurate realizations of the prior and likelihood pdfs. Though particlebased methods can provide versatile and computationally efficient approximations of Bayes' rule, they lack the theoretical ability to mitigate estimation errors incurred by erroneous measurement modeling. This work merges Stein Variational Gradient Descent, a nonlinear particle flow update scheme, with generalized variational inference, a method for formulating optimal non-Bayesian posteriors, to produce tractable variational posterior pdfs that remain robust to modeling errors. The new framework is demonstrated to outperform conventional filtering approaches in a simplified relative spacecraft navigation scenario.


The moving space,the public traffic means in a city,is the main carrier for townspeople to move about.The comprehensive treatment of the moving spatial blind area in urban crime is really a effective way for the urban anticrime in public traffic means.On the base of analyzing the characteristics of the moving space,the paper expounds the factors to form the moving spatial bland area,discusses the general countermeasures of its comprehensive treatment,and researches the key working essences of the treatment for various kinds of moving space in a city.


This study discusses how to use integrated marketing channel in order to reach the marketplace with lower cost or more profit, and how a framework for analysis can improve the channel decision made by an executive acting as a channel manager or designer. This paper also proposes a manufacturer-distributor-retailer deteriorating inventory system that contains three levels of normal marketing channel. In order to achieve long-term benefits and global optimum of the system, the different facilities should develop their partnership through information sharing or stratgic alliances. The mathematical model describes how the integrated approach to decision making can achieve global optimum by Genetic Algorithm(GA) method.


A new mixed-ligand complex, [CdL(bipy)(CH3OH)(NO3)]n (1), (HL = 4-amino-1-naphthalene sulfonic acid and bipy = 4,4′-bipyridine) could be achieved by combining d10 Cd2+ to HL and bridging ligand 4,4′-bipy. The structure is characterized by X-ray single-crystal diffraction. 4-amino-1-naphthalene sulfonate and 4,4′-bipyridine act as bridging ligands, linking two adjacent CdII atom to form a two-dimensional coordination polymer, respectively. N-H···O hydrogen-bonding interaction between these networks to form the face-to-face three-dimensional architecture. By carrying out the reaction of polymeric cadmium naphthalene sulfonate with Na2S in the presence of sodium hydroxide, scalelike CdS materials have been obtained. The structure has been characterized by scanning electron microscopy and powder X-ray diffraction.


The aim of the present study is to investigate the buoyancy- and thermocapillary-induced convection of water near its density maximum in an enclosure with temperature-dependent properties. The viscosity and thermal conductivity of the water are varied with reference temperature. The governing equations are solved by the finite-volume method. The results are discussed for various values of reference temperature parameter, density inversion parameter, and Rayleigh and Marangoni numbers. It is observed that the temperature of maximum density leaves strong effects on flow and heat transfer due to the formation of bi-cellular structure and reduction of the average heat transfer. It is also observed that convection heat transfer is enhanced by thermocapillary force when buoyancy force is weaken.


The idea of applying IOT technologies to smart home system is introduced. An original architecture of the integrated system is analyzed with its detailed introduction. This architecture has great scalability. Based on this proposed architecture many applications can be integrated into the system through uniform interface. Agents are proposed to communicate with appliances through RFID tags. Key issues to be solved to promote the development of smart home system are also discussed.


MEETING held on March 19th, 1925, Dr. E. G. GRAHAM LITTLE, President of the Section, in the Chair. Dr. A. C. ROXBURGH showed a case for diagnosis. B. W—, aged 31 years, married woman. About the middle of Jannary, 1925, she noticed yellow patches on knees dnring convalescence from influenza. On February 17th, when he flrst saw her, she had yellow, slightly scaly patches over the front of both tibiae just below the patella, about 3 in. long by liin. wide. Patches of small dilated vessels were present over each great trochanter and similar patches were scattered over the buttocks. Blood could not be emptied out of the vessels by pressure. She said the affected areas ached. February 24:th : Telangiectases on hips fading, leaving yellow-brown staining like that on knees. Since he saw her she had developed one or two fresh areas on the back and abdomen, and there were some additional areas on the buttocks. The whole history went back no longer than three months, and she never suffered from anything of the sort before. The Wassermann and Sigma tests were negative, there was nothing abnormal about the blood-count, and the section did not show much. There was thickening of the stratum corneum and irregularity of the prickle-cell layer, with dilated vessels in the corium and some cellular infiltration in patches. No pigment visible. Certain members of the Section thought it was Schamberg's disease, others that it was angioma serpiginosum.


The role of internal marketing is to facilitate the building of a relationship with employees. It is selling inside the organization. And it's an important role - Fortune 500's top 200 companies spend three times more on internal communications than the bottom companies do.


The present invention in that, more specifically, the main component having improved Triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) binding properties of the strength and sliding than a conventional light-cured fabric maeyong resin on the fabric maeyong resin, and Benzoyl peroxide (BP) Here, N , N-Dimethyl-p-toluidine (DPT), was added to Camphorquinon (CQ), Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), 2- (Dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate (DEMA), 2-Hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) obtained Four maeyong resin and relates to a method of manufacturing the same, the resulting fabric maeyong resin metal (implant) when containing the specimen, and to be used for embedding the hard tissue which becomes the achieved polymerization in a short time compressive strength and tensile strength of conventional light-cured Four characterized in that the high bond strength between the glass slide containing the resins and higher than maeyong alternative to hard tissue capsule maeyong resin used to import the current high price Be a new composition that. Four maeyong resins, Triethylene glycol dimethacrylate, compressive strength, tensile strength, bond strength


This paper examines the effectiveness of EMI driven MCM substrate routing in reducing coupled noise in the MCM and subsequently on the motherboard. Different layouts of a three chip, laminate MCM were performed with and without EMI driven routing constraints. Quantic Labs EMC software was then used to simulate the crosstalk on critical nets for the different routings. It is shown that proper routing constraints can greatly reduce noise on susceptible nets and reduce noise on all nets in general. A software package to automatically generate router constraints base on EMI considerations is being developed to simplify the routing process. For experimental validation of the Quantic software, simple test structures were fabricated, tested and compared to simulation predictions. Also, a comparison of the coupled noise on the motherboard with an MCM versus three individual surface mount packages shows that the MCM significantly reduces the conducted emissions at the system level. Effective design of automotive MCM's with proper consideration to EMI requirements can substantially reduce conducted emissions from an engine controller unit onto the wiring harness. This results in improved system performance and potentially lower cost by eliminating EMI filtering components.


Cembrene A (1), two novel diterpenes 2 and 3 with the rare flexibilane skeleton, two new pimaranes 4 and 5, sevenkauranes 6–12 (9 and 12 new), three known atisanes 13–15, a new trachylobane 16, and the new pentacyclic diterpene sanguinolane 17 with a novel skeleton were obtained from Stillingia sanguinolenta. (© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)


Background: Metabolic surgery is a new term used to emphasize the metabolic benefits of a variety of bariatric surgery procedures, particularly with relationship to the treatment of type 2 diabetes...


The Beipanjiang First Bridge is situated above a river and gorge of depth 575m in Beipanjiang in the border of Yunnan and Guizhou Provinces in the south-west of China with a total length 1341.4m. The bridge main span length 720m is currently the second longest span steel truss girder cable stayed bridge in the world. After the completion of Beipanjiang First Bridge, the journey time from one side to another substantially reduces from the original 5 hours to slightly over 1 hour. This paper describes the design of this cable stayed bridge.


In this article, we measured the SPS of two kinds of monocrystal silicon with the aid of surface photovoltaic meter, which was under the conditions of an external electric field and without external field. Therefore, we studied the surface photovoltaic properties of p_type and n-type monocrystal silicon. Key words:


The purpose of this study is to investigate the efficiency of applied vibration in improving the forming quality (mechanical property and dynamics characteristics) of fused filament fabrication (FFF) parts.,A vibrating FFF three-dimensional printer was set up, with which the samples fabricated in different directions were manufactured separately without and with vibration applied. A series of experimental tests, including tensile tests, dynamics tests and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) tests, were performed on these samples to experimentally quantify the effect of applied vibration on their forming quality.,It has been found that the applied vibration can significantly increase the tensile strength and plasticity of the samples built in Z-direction, and obviously decrease the orthogonal anisotropy. It can also significantly change the sample's natural frequency, decrease the resonant response and increase the modal damping ratio, thus improve the anti-vibration capability of FFF samples. In addition, the SEM analysis confirmed that applying vibration into FFF process could improve the forming quality of the fabricated part.,Future research may be focused on investigating the efficiency of applied vibration in improving the forming quality of parts fabricated by the other additive manufacturing techniques.,This study helps to improve the reliability of FFF parts and extend the application range of FFF technology.,A novel method to improve the forming quality of FFF parts is provided and the available information about the performance of dynamics characteristics.


The concept of time is as a major topic for organizational and management research. This research investigates the influence of time management tendencies and organizational factors on the relationship between employee attributes and performance. The one-sizefits-all approach to management for ensuring maximum employee performance is no longer an appropriate strategy (Riccucci, 2002). University staff are always under great pressure to conduct research, publish articles, teach classes, advise students and serve on committees. Successfully balancing and juggling all commitments requires an organized approach to both time and task management. This formed the basis for carrying out this study. The main objective of the study was to determine the influence of time management tendencies and organizational factors on the relationship between employee attributes and performance in chartered universities in Kenya. The present study is based on two theories attention-based theory and the theory of reasoned action. A crosssectional survey of all employees in all chartered universities in Kenya was conducted using a questionnaire on organizational performance, individual attributes, organizational factors and time management tendencies. A sample size of 1365 employees of the universities was randomly selected. Using quantitative and qualitative techniques to analyze data collected. Through linear regression and stepwise multiple regression, the results from the study have demonstrated that there is a relationship between employee attributes of satisfaction, empowerment, motivation, commitment and competence and employee performance as exhibited by effectiveness and efficiency. When the elements are considered individually, the results show that employee satisfaction and employee motivation have a negative relationship on employee performance. The other variables empowerment, commitment and competence have a positive relationship on employee performance. The results also show that a significant relationship exists between organizational factors (strategy, structure, leadership and culture) and employee performance. Organizational factors were also found to positively and significantly moderate the relationship between employee attributes and employee performance. In relation to time management behaviors, the research demonstrated that certain time management behaviors have a direct and an indirect effect on performance. Time management tendencies were also found to positively and significantly moderate the relationship between employee attributes and employee performance. Preference-driven variations in the temporal pattern of employees' activities affect their strategic decision processes and, consequently, organizational performance. This leads to the conclusion that time management tendencies and organizational factors influence the relationship between employee attributes and performance in the workplace. The findings are relevant as they provide vital information to managers, supervisors and employees. Therefore, universities through the human resource departments should consider time management tendencies and organizational factors in determining the employment of its staff, noting that it is potentially beneficial to understand the differences in workplace attitudes and behaviors which affect the use of time so that the "right" mix of individuals may be hired to fit an organization's situation.


This paper reviews the debate for and against the role of digital media in architectural designing. The architectural design community continues to remain polarized between the two camps. However, the arguments experienced through practice and which are presented in available literature are not unwarranted. It is suggested that they tend to undermine the sophistication of a contemporary architectural designer and distract from the more pertinent issue of how to advance design creativity. This review of the main argument will form the foreground for exploring opportunities in this paper, and in future academic research, for the integration of digital media in the early stages of designing, in particular the generative uses of digital media employed for creative potential. This paper draws conclusions through practice-based research that demonstrate that aspects such as spatiality and formation can be extended through digital media. Furthermore, computational explorations that are coupled with looser, more ephemeral approaches can result in digital media integrations that do not impede creativity or conventional design processes.


The transmetallation of arylmagnesium halides or aryllithium with Me2AlCl results in the formation of aryldimethylaluminum compounds. These arylaluminum compounds are useful reagents for conjugate additions to enones in the presence of Ni(acac)2 as a catalyst. 3-Aryl ketones are obtained in good yields in these catalytic reactions. Starting from the 3-oxo-Δ1,4-steroids this method gives access to 1α-arylsteroids.


The method involves providing the analytical consumable (112) with a carrier (116) and an analytical support (118), where an optical sensitive material (128) is placed on the carrier. The optical sensitive material is arranged to carry out an optically detectable change during action of an electromagnetic radiation (146). The functional information (150) is arranged to enable an analytical device of corrective usage of the analytical consumable. An independent claim is also included for a device for preparation of an analytical consumable.


been estimated through empirically derived algorithms or The Normalized Dimence Vegetation Index (~~vr) is evalu- Was measured using intensive field methodology. ideally, inated for monitoring seasonal a Burgan et al., 1997). The Advanced Very High Resoluthan the conifer canopy was examined. Seasonal changes in tion sensor On the TIROS-N series vegetation moisture for all sites were statistically significant polar-orbiting weather satellites provides daily observations (p<0.05). Time-series profiles of the NDVI were functionally of the Earth's mrface at a nominal spatial resolution (at narelated to changes in vegetation moisture only for the grass dir) square lcrn. it was and forest understory vegetation. N~ significant relationships with natural resource observation objectives, several indices were observed for either the shrub or coniferous forest can- derived the AVHRR Vectral data provide meaningfu1 opy vegetation. This field experiment will improve our inter- measures of vegetation condition (Loveland and ~hlen, pretation of seasonal NDVI data with respect to fire potential. lgg3). The lIifference Index (NDvl)*


This is a report of a 63-year-old man who in the course of an inferior wall myocardial infarction developed a left ventricular aneurysm with communication to the right atrium and a haemodynamically significant intracardiac shunt. The unusual complication of a myocardial infarction was correctly diagnosed by transthoracic Doppler echocardiography, and later a successful surgical repair was done.


So far, there have not been a set of specific process detection method in placer gold mine of China. Based on many years product practice in Ankang Gold Mine, simple and feasible sampling, and detection method, calculation method of recovery efficiency according with production laws are summarized, which can be a guide to production and have some reference value for placer gold product.


In this paper we argue that Sen's defence of liberal democracy suffers from a moralistic and pro-liberal bias that renders it unable to take pluralism as seriously as it professes to do. That is because Sen's commitment to respecting pluralism is not matched by his account of how to individuate the sorts of preferences that ought to be included in democratic deliberation. Our argument generalises as a critique of the two most common responses to the fact of pluralism in contemporary (i.e. post-Rawls) liberalism: a broadly procedural understanding of autonomy and the idea of deliberative democracy. That is to say, the difficulties with pluralism we identify can be traced back to the particular version of Kantian deontology prevalent in contemporary liberalism, and to the equally prevalent aspiration to ground political legitimacy in a moralised consensus.


Biomedical field uses polysaccharides for the last one half of the century due to its remarkable applications. Nature is an abundant source for natural polysaccharides made its use widely in this field. In this present chapter study, the potential of alginate- κ -carrageenan and alginate-gelatin hydrogel beads for encapsulating curcumin was investigated. The evaluation of different combination of combinations of alginate/ κ -carrageenan and alginate/gelatin hydrogel beads were developed and drug release properties were compared using curcumin as a model drug. Alginate/ κ -carrageenan hydrogel beads with 50:50 weight ratio exhibited higher swelling and better drug release percentage than compared to other beads. Antibacterial activity of curcumin released from hydrogel beads against B. cereus was established by disc assay. This nanosized vehicles with increases the efficacy and to control the delivery of biologically active substances at their specific site is as important as the drug activity itself. for curcumin release. Curcumin release from alginate/ κ -Car hydrogel beads shows a higher release percentage than alginate/gelatin hydrogel beads. It can be concluded that higher swelling degree of the alginate/ κ -Car hydrogel beads leads to greater curcumin release percentage.