Dear Editor:

Insulin therapy is often necessary for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) to achieve good glycemic control. However, insulin initiation is often delayed, and patients may spend 8 or more years with worsening glycosylated hemoglobin (A1C) values as they progress through treatment regimens including diet and exercise, metformin, and combinations of oral agents.1 Fear of injections, hypoglycemia, and weight gain, along with the perception that insulin will add to the burden of managing diabetes, all contribute to clinical inertia prior to initiation of insulin therapy.2,3 Although many T2DM patients reach A1C targets with the addition of basal insulin therapy,4,5 others require therapy intensification to a multiple daily injection (MDI) regimen. However, even with MDI, about 30% of T2DM patients do not meet A1C targets.6 These T2DM patients are potential candidates for insulin pump treatment, which offers several advantages compared with MDI. These advantages include adjustable basal rates, fewer needle insertion procedures, ability to deliver precise and convenient boluses, and reductions in both glycemic variability and severe hypoglycemia.7 Moreover, the ability to download and display information stored in the pump allows tracking of insulin use and assessment of adherence. Some evidence suggests that prompt initiation of pump therapy in T2DM preserves β-cell function8; however, the therapeutic value of pump therapy in terms of A1C reduction has been poorly evaluated in T2DM until recently. Whether favorable glycemic response to pump therapy is restricted to the more severe insulin-deficient T2DM patients or to the late-onset autoimmune diabetes subset of T2DM-like patients remains questionable.

The recently completed OpT2mise trial (registered at ClinicalTrials.gov with clinical trial registration number {"type":"clinical-trial","attrs":{"text":"NCT01182493","term_id":"NCT01182493"}}NCT01182493) established that in poorly controlled T2DM patients on optimized MDI regimens, intensification to insulin pump treatment resulted in significant reductions in A1C values. The study population included patients with a wide age range (30–75 years), using MDI regimens and high insulin doses (0.5–1.8 U/kg/day) titrated during a 2-month run-in phase. All oral diabetes medications were stopped except for metformin. Patients were randomized if their A1C value was in the 8–12% range9 to either pump therapy (n=168) or to remain on MDI (n=163). At the end of the 6-month study phase, glucose control improved more in the pump group (A1C dropped from 9% to 7.9%), with a between-group A1C difference of 0.7% in favor of pump therapy (P<0.001). Moreover, the total insulin daily dose was reduced by 20% with pump compared with MDI, suggesting an increase in insulin sensitivity driven by its continuous subcutaneous infusion.10

Investigational centers were required to collect plasma from fasting subjects for C-peptide and anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase (anti-GAD) antibody (Ab) determinations as part of each subject's baseline (before randomization) and end-of-study (6-month) assessments; assays were carried out at a central laboratory (Covance, Inc. [corporate headquarters, Princeton, NJ]). C-peptide level was measured via direct chemiluminescence (Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics, Tarrytown, NY), and anti-GAD Ab level was measured via radioimmunoassay (Kronus, Boise, ID). Subjects were retrospectively grouped according to anti-GAD and C-peptide concentrations to explore associations between these biomarkers and baseline A1C values, A1C changes, or A1C changes attributable to treatment group assignment. Significance tests comparing between- and within-group A1C changes were performed using an analysis of covariance that used treatment group assignment, analyte concentration category, and baseline A1C as covariates.

Baseline A1C values and changes in A1C at 6 months for patients who were categorized according to baseline anti-GAD Ab levels (<1 or ≥1 U/mL) or according to baseline C-peptide levels chosen such that the population was stratified into quartiles (<156 pmol/L [<0.47 ng/mL],≥156 to<309 pmol/L [≥0.47 to <0.93 ng/mL], ≥309 to <569 pmol/L [≥0.93 to <1.72 ng/mL], or ≥569 pmol/L [≥1.72 ng/mL]) are shown in Table 1. Eighteen percent of patients were positive for the detection of anti-GAD Ab, a somewhat high prevalence compared with that reported in previous studies of T2DM cohorts.11 This relatively high rate of anti-GAD Ab positivity may represent an unexpectedly high prevalence of T2DM-like subjects with late-onset autoimmune diabetes in our study population, a high false-positive rate in the assay used for determining anti-GAD Ab concentrations, a relatively low cutoff value for establishing anti-GAD Ab positivity, or some combination of these. Baseline A1C values were not correlated with either anti-GAD Ab or C-peptide concentrations. The largest difference between the pump and MDI groups was seen in subjects with low or undetectable C-peptide levels <156 pmol/L (<0.47 ng/mL). There was no significant difference in A1C drop between patients with or without anti-GAD Ab in both pump (P=0.90) and MDI (P=0.46) groups. Similarly, there was no association between A1C drop and C-peptide concentration in both pump (P=0.74) and MDI (P=0.14) groups. Regardless of treatment assignment (pump or MDI), the mean A1C value decreased equally in each anti-GAD category and in each C-peptide quartile, and the magnitude of A1C decrease was always larger in those assigned to pump therapy compared with MDI.

Table 1.

Baseline and 6-Month Changes in Glycosylated Hemoglobin Values According to Treatment Group, Anti-Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Antibody Concentration, and C-Peptide Concentration

The OpT2mise study has demonstrated that patients with clinically diagnosed T2DM and poor glycemic control assigned to pump therapy achieve a larger A1C reduction than patients assigned to remain on MDI. The benefits of pump treatment were not dependent on either anti-GAD Ab detection or C-peptide concentrations at baseline. Therefore, the presence or absence of these biomarkers should not be used as a criterion for insulin pump therapy in T2DM patients unable to achieve glycemic control on MDI.


Familial Paget's disease is associated with mutations in SQSTM1. We compared the age at diagnosis and severity of Paget's disease in parents with SQSTM1 mutations to their offspring who inherited a mutation. At any given age, the offspring were less likely to be diagnosed with Paget's disease and had less severe disease than their parents.


This experiment aims to construct the eukaryotic expression vector of pig pEGFP-N1-miR-133b and detect its expression in pig tissues. Using DLY (Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire) growing-finishing pig genomic DNA as a template, the miR-133b precursor and part of its flanking sequence were cloned by PCR technology and inserted into a eukaryotic expression vector using conventional molecular cloning technology to obtain pEGFP-N1-miR-133b. The recombinant plasmid was transfected into 3T3-L1 cells by liposome method and observed the fluorescence. Real-time qPCR was used to detect the expression of miR-133b in heart, liver, spleen, lung, longissimus dorsi, subcutaneous fat, and abdominal fat of pigs. The results showed that miR-133b was successfully amplified. 3T3-L1 cells were transfected with pEGFP-N1-miR-133b eukaryotic expression vector and pEGFP-N1 empty plasmid respectively for 48 hours, and the cells had green under a fluorescent inverted microscope. Fluorescence expression proves that the recombinant plasmid can be expressed in 3T3 cells. Using qPCR technology to detect the expression of miR-133b in 3T3 cells, the relative expression of the pEGFP-N1-miR-133b eukaryotic expression vector transfection group was extremely significantly higher than that of the empty group. The qPCR results showed that miR-133b was expressed highest in the longissimus dorsi muscle, followed by the heart, and the lowest expression in fat. In this study, the eukaryotic expression vector of pig miR-133b was successfully constructed, which provided a reference for studying the mechanism of miR-133b on pig muscle development.


Wheatfield Fork, Gualala River, just upstream of the Annapolis Road (Clark's Crossing) bridge. This site is a summer snorkeling location and the lower boundary of the upstream half of the Index Reach. Dewatering in this area during summer 2008 was the most severe in 8 years of intensive study and 37 years the author has been observing the stream. A few days after the photo was taken, the site was completely dry. __________________________ Senior Fish and Wildlife Biologist (Retired 2004); U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Sacramento, California. 1


The relevance of theoretical and methodological ideas of Yu.N. Tynyanov for modern methods of research is pointed out. Some peculiarities of the evolution of the well known literary images in contemporary art are analyzed.


The optical and electronic properties of rocksalt structure tungsten nitride (B1-WN) were investigated by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and UV–visible-Fourier transform infrared optical reflectivity. Both 111-textured polycrystalline and epitaxial WN(111) films with [N]/[W] ratios of 1.12 and 0.87, respectively, were found to be electron conductors with partially filled W5d conduction bands. However, their electronic behavior is dominated by high conduction electron losses, which are attributed to scattering at both anion and cation vacancies and are more pronounced for films with high nitrogen content, yielding high resistivity values of 1.4–2.8 mX cm. The dielectric function is well described with a Drude–Lorentz model over a large wavelength range from 0.2 to 100 lm, and exhibits an e1 that becomes negative above a relatively high critical wavelength that increases with increasing nitrogen content from 22 to 100 lm. Compositional interpolation of XPS data provides a W4f7/2 electron binding energy for pure stoichiometric B1-WN of 31.9 eV, while increasing the N-content results in a reduction of the density of states from the W-5dt2g bands at and near the Fermi level. The overall results do not confirm the predicted promising plasmonic properties of B1-WN but instead reveal possible alternative applications for this compound as photothermal or epsilon-near-zero material. VC 2017 American Vacuum Society. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/1.4978030]


Stochastic resonance (SR) in nanodevice parallel network systems is described. The SR is a phenomenon in which the response of the system is enhanced by adding noise. Parallel network of GaAs-based nanowire field-effect transistors (FETs) operating in subthreshold region exhibits enhanced signal response by noise addition. Input-output signal correlation shows a peak in optimal noise, confirming the appearance of the SR. Massive parallelism realizes robustness against fluctuation of noise intensity. For ultra-low-power electronic SR, a single-electron quantum dot (QD) parallel network system is investigated by simulation and theoretical analysis. The mechanism and detail behaviors are discussed.


Relation detection is a key step in Knowledge Base Question Answering (KBQA), but far from solved due to the significant differences between questions and relations. Previous studies usually treat relation detection as a text matching task, and mainly focus on reducing the detection error with better representations of KB relations. However, the understanding of questions is also important since they are generally more varied. And the text pair representation requires improvement because KB relations are not always counterparts of questions. In this paper, we propose a novel system with enhanced question understanding and representation processes for KB relation detection (QURRD). We design a KBQA-specific slot filling module based on Bi-LSTM-CRF for question understanding. Besides, with two CNNs for modeling and matching text pairs respectively, QURRD obtains richer question-relation representations for semantic analysis, and achieves better performance through learning from multiple tasks. We conduct experiments on both single-relation (Simple-Questions) and multi-relation (WebQSP) benchmarks. Results show that QURRD is robust against the diversity of questions and outperforms the state-of-the-art system on both tasks.


The aeolid species Facelina bostoniensis (Couthouy, 1838) was originally described from Massachusetts and was later reported from the Eastern Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea. So far, no molecular systematic study of its amphiatlantic status has been carried out. Phylogenetic analyses (maximum likelihood and Bayesian) of DNA sequence data for the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I and 16S rRNA genes confirm the amphiatlantic status of F. bostoniensis. My findings show that this species is restricted to the Atlantic realm and that the species recorded from the Mediterranean is not F. bostoniensis but F. vicina (Bergh, 1882). It is hypothesized that previous records of F. bostoniensis from the Mediterranean Sea were actually misidentifications of F. vicina.


The Multi-Anode Microchannel Arrays (MAMA's) are a family of photoelectric photon-counting array detectors being developed for use in instruments on both ground-based and space-borne telescopes. These detectors combine high sensitivity and photometric stability with a high-resolution imaging capability. Visible-light (10 × 10)-pixel, (1 × 512)-pixel and (1 × 1024)-pixel detector systems are now being used at ground-based telescopes and an ultraviolet (1 × 1024)-pixel detector has been flown in a sounding-rocket spectrometer. A (16 × 1024)-pixel system is currently under test in the laboratory and (24 × 1024)-pixel and (256 × 1024)-pixel systems will be available later this year. The construction and modes-of-operation of the different detector systems are described and the latest performance data are presented.


Using two alternative approaches to the demand for public choice - median voter and interest group competition - central government and local governments public provision to Portuguese municipalities were analysed. Two political issues under the responsability of municipal governments (current intervention and environmental resources management) were compared with two issues that depend on central government decisions (basic healthcare and undergraduate education). Empirical results show that the response of public choice to political demand is quite similar whatever is the responsible level of government. This easy-communicability between central government provision and local demand reveals some ability of central government in apprehending local specifities. However this does not imply that central government provision shall continue, because empirical results indicate that local groups are succeeded in lobbying central government. Setting up the studied case of local provision as reference, if decentralization occurs, the destruction of nationally organized lobbying will not strongly reinforce local interest group pressure. Consequently, at a national perspective, decentralization may bring public choice closer to the preferences of majority.


The purpose of this research is to investigate the performance of Silicon Carbide JFET for us in solid state circuit breakers. The device under test for these results is a research grade JFET with a rated blocking voltage of 1200V and a rated forward current of 10A with a power density of 200W/cm2. In order to drive the JFET device, a unique gate driver had to be designed and built to provide switching between two independent rail voltages. The gate driver had to be able to provide adjustable rail voltages with one rail ranging between 0V and −40V and the other rail going between 0V and 2.5V. The gate driver is completely isolated to operate on a high-side switch. In order to test these devices in pulsed switching applications a pulse ring down circuit was designed and built to provide a current pulse of 100A (10 times the rated current) with a charging voltage range between 100V and 500V. Special consideration had to be given to the design of this pulse ring down circuit in order to achieve a high di/dt, and therefore reach the target peak current levels.


Resources & Research Tools for Structural Engineering and Mechanics, including a section on specific types of structures and design inspiration.


One of the missions of the Institute is to foster research and analysis on public policy issues of importance to mid-life and older Americans. This publication represents part of that effort. The views expressed herein are for information, debate, and discussion, and do not necessarily represent official policies of AARP. i Foreword To commemorate its 20 th anniversary, in 2005, the AARP Public Policy Institute (PPI) initiated the Twentieth Anniversary Invitational Lecture Series, supported in part by a generous bequest made to the AARP Foundation. In keeping with PPI's mission to stimulate and inform the debate on public policy issue areas of critical importance to mid-life and older Americans, the series of four lectures offered a platform for distinguished scholars to address a contemporary aspect of their public policy work in economic security, health care, consumer protections, or long-term care. Each scholar was given the opportunity to expand the ideas presented in his/her lecture in a paper published and disseminated by the AARP Public Policy Institute. Behavioral economics and finance are relatively new fields in economics but they have already had a powerful influence on economic theory and on public policy. In no area is this more evident than that of retirement saving, where many of the insights from this field of research have quickly found their way into employer pension plans and legislation. Professors Thaler and Benartzi, two of the leaders in that field, discuss many of the insights from their research in this Issue Paper. They demonstrate the power of inertia on saving behavior, and the importance of designing savings plans in ways that will put inertia to work in behalf of more saving rather than less. Executive Summary There is a worldwide trend, in both the public and private sectors, away from defined benefit (DB) retirement plans toward defined contribution (DC) plans. DC plans transfer much of the decision making authority about how much to save and how to invest from the employer or government to the employee. It is rare to find someone who has spent much time determining the optimal savings rate, given all the uncertainties about future rates of return, income flows, retirement plans, health, and so forth. Instead, most people attempt to cope with complexity by adopting simple heuristics, or rules of thumb, to aid decision-making. Simple heuristics often lead to counterproductive biases, however. In this paper, two noted behavioral economists examine some …


Objective: To explore the effect of Mifepristone adding the traditional Chinese medicine and Methotrexate adding traditional Chinese medicine in expectant treatment of ectopic pregnancy.Methods: The clinical data of 80 patients with ectopic pregnancy were analyzed retrospectively.All patients were randomly divided into observation group(treated with Mifepristone) and control group(treated with Methotrexate),the treatment effect and each index were compared.Results: The recovery rate of observation group was 76.19%,and 78.95% in control group.The recovery rate and the darkening time of blood β-HCG and the extinction time of block of two groups had no statistical difference(P0.05).But the adverse reaction of control group was severe(P0.01).Conclusion: The expectant treatment of ectopic pregnancy with Mifepristone and Methotrexate adding the traditional Chinese medicine is effective and safe,but the adverse reaction of Mifepristone group is less.


In this study solar assisted and air source heat pump was analyzed by not only experiment but also numerical simulation. This study was performed to know the possibility of application of heat pump into a solar space heating and hot water system. Experimental device was specially designed to know the effect of heat source and heat sink temperature on COP. As a result, COP in the range of real operating condition became 3.5 to 4 lower than that of simulation result. Frigosoft was used for this numerical simulation.


This paper explores internal factors influencing student learning of programming. This is based on literature relating to student learning and learning of programming. Two dimensions: motivation and capability are used as a framework to explore the data gathered from a study of first year undergraduate IT programming students at an Australian University. The authors propose that the exploration conducted in this study is useful in assisting academics with developing tasks to facilitate student motivation and skills to learn programming.


In this paper we state a full classification for Coxeter polytopes in $\mathbb{H}^{n}$ with $n+3$ facets which are non-compact and have precisely one non-simple vertex.


The study is an attempt at characterizing the theoretical assumptions concerning the collaboration of teachers and parents which are implemented in the space of school. What is outlined in the article is the cooperation in the space of the Polish community living abroad in the culturally diversified environment. The proper functioning of school depends on cooperation between teachers, students and parents. The effectiveness of the cooperation of parents and teachers is determined by many complex factors. In this study, the principles and problems are brought closer that arise from asymmetric positioning of educational subjects (students, teachers and parents), which generates different needs and ideas in mutual cooperation. This is exemplified here by the Polish-language school education system, whose activity reflects the needs and possibilities of the Polish communities in culturally heterogeneous European environments in the creation and functioning of Polish-speaking educational institutions and the involvement of the community gathered around these schools.


During preliminary stages of ship design, decisions on ship properties are made only with little knowledge on ship hull geometry – a ship designer has only the basis dimensions at his disposal. Therefore on these initial stages of ship design, methods of calculation of ship properties (eg. resistance) on the basis of basic design criteria are indispensable. The article presents a new method of calculation of bulk carriers resistance which proves exact even with a minimum number of geometrical parameters of a ship's hull.


ABSTRACT The prediction of 15 years ago regarding a "paperless society" has proven to be 100 percent incorrect. This brief look at paper and how we use it will lead you to only one conclusion-we need more forests!


To support the educational organization activity performance, Widya
Kartika University needs office supplies. Without the office supplies, would be
difficult for them to maintain the teaching and learning activities. Widya Kartika
University is an educational organization whose follow the development progress
of information technology in the society. They are in their process of developing a
web-based application for their financial activity. Unfortunately, they still
performed a manual record on the paper to maintain the internal distribution of
office supplies. In order to achieve the major aim for improvement in
effectiveness and efficiencies in energy and time of work in internal distribution
of office supplies, Widya Kartika University needs to build a web-based
application development on internal distribution of office supplies information
system. The analysis uses qualitative exploratory approach using single case study
method which object is Widya Kartika University, focusing in internal
distribution of office supplies system.


It's an trend using industrial Ethernet underground coal mine.The main technology of industrial ethernet is introduced.Based on two applications in coal mine,the advantages and feasibility of this technology are discussed.


Background: Thelifetime prevalence of obsessive-compulsive disorders (OCD) is estimated to be around 3% in the general population. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are considered to be the primary treatment strategy of OCD in addition to psychotherapy. Unfortunately, current medications, augmentation strategies, and behavioral therapies fail to provide adequate benefits in many cases. A large percentage of patients (40-60%) do not show satisfactory response to the standard treatments, some of them experiencing a chronically deteriorating course, leading to marked interpersonal and occupational impairments. In recent years, non-invasive neuromodulatory techniques such as repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation have been increasingly studied as potential adjunct or alternative therapies for a wide range of neurological and psychiatric conditions including pain disorder, depression, and stroke rehabilitation and OCD. Aims: the aim of this work to evaluate rTMS as an augmentation strategy in treatment-resistant OCD, to test the potential value oflow frequency rTMS to SMA,orbitofrontal cortex and right DLPFC in the treatment of resistant OCD and to compare between the therapeutic values of applying the TMS coil to those different areas of the cortex. Patients and Methods: This study was carried out in Psychiatry, Neurology and Neurosurgery Center, Tanta University from September 2017 to November 2019. Eighty patients (52 females and 28 males) aging between 18 and 65 years underwent complete psychiatric evaluation, including full medical history, psychiatric and physical examination and diagnosed as having OCD accordingto DSM-5 with failure of at least two adequate therapeutic trials of SRIs. Results: Before rTMS sessions there was no statistical significant difference between the three active groups and the sham group regarding the scores onYale-Brown obsessive compulsive scale,Hamilton anxiety rating scale, Hamilton depression rating scale and Clinical global impression scale. Results after rTMS sessions revealed the following: Active rTMS on the SMA, the left OFC and right DLPFC was associated with marked improvement in YBOCS, Hamilton anxiety rating scale, Hamilton Depression rating scale and clinical global impression scale. The most significant improvement in Yale Brown Obsessive Compulsive scale was obtained when the brain target was the SMA. The most significant improvement in anxiety rating scale and depression ratingscale was obtained when the brain target was the left OFC. Sham group didnt have significant improvement through the study. Conclusions: We can thus conclude that low frequency rTMS is significantly effective as an adjunctive treatment for resistant OCD and that the SMA is the most effective brain target.


AUTHOR Raine, LaVerne; Harkins, Donna; Sampson, Mary Beth TITLE Rationale in Choosing a Teacher Preparation Program. PUB DATE 1997-12-04 NOTE 20p.; Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the National Reading Conference (47th, Scottsdale, AZ, December 3-6, 1997). PUB TYPE Numerical/Quantitative Data (110) Reports Evaluative (142) Speeches/Meeting Papers (150) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC01 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Comparative Analysis; *Field Experience Programs; Higher Education; *Preservice Teacher Education; Professional Development; *Student Attitudes; *Student Teaching IDENTIFIERS Teaching Research


Information on late onset liver complications after childhood cancer is scarce. To ensure an appropriate follow‐up of childhood cancer survivors and reducing late liver complications, the need for comprehensive and accurate information is presented. We evaluate the risk of liver diseases in a large childhood cancer survivor cohort. We included all 1‐year survivors of childhood cancer treated in the five Nordic countries. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate hospitalisation rate (hazard) ratios (HRs) for each liver outcome according to type of cancer. We used the risk among survivors of central nervous system tumour as internal reference. With a median follow‐up time of 10 years, 659 (2%) survivors had been hospitalised at least once for a liver disease. The risk for hospitalisation for any liver disease was high after hepatic tumour (HR = 6.9) and leukaemia (HR = 1.7). The Danish sub‐cohort of leukaemia treated with haematopoietic stem cell transplantation had a substantially higher risk for hospitalisation for all liver diseases combined (HR = 3.8). Viral hepatitis accounted for 286 of 659 hospitalisations corresponding to 43% of all survivors hospitalised for liver disease. The 20‐year cumulative risk of viral hepatitis was 1.8% for survivors diagnosed with cancer before 1990 but only 0.3% for those diagnosed after 1990. The risk of liver disease was low but significantly increased among survivors of hepatic tumours and leukaemia. Further studies with focus on the different treatment modalities are needed to further strengthen the prevention of treatment‐induced late liver complications.


Technology can highly improve search and rescue operations especially happening after a large scale disaster. However, before novel systems can be deployed in a large scale, the concepts need to be tested and validated through appropriate modeling and simulation tools. To this purpose, in this paper we present a mobility model addressing the vital initial stages right after the occurrence of an urban disaster event. We implemented the model into a simulator in order to study and refine the model itself, and used it to test applications targeting urban disaster scenarios. In order to show the capabilities of the model and of the simulator, we propose an application where victims are passively involved in the search and rescue operations through their mobile devices. Results show that victims' involvement in exchanging information has a great benefit for search and rescue operations.


We treated citations and collaboration from a spatial point of view with respect to twelve journals. Eleven of the journals are from the field of information science, the remaining one from the nan ...


Various construction methods are being developed in accordance with the BIM (Building Information Modeling) is a technology for managing various information generated from the planning phase of a construction project to the design phase, construction phase and maintenance phase. In particular, LCC (Life Cycle Cost) information of many materials used in buildings can be efficiently managed and utilized by building a database that can be used in the BIM (Building Information Modeling) environment. In this study, LCC analysis method that can be used in the BIM environment was established and LCC information of building materials was built as database and suggested a method to utilize effectively. This study verified the consistency of the study model through case studies. This study also analyzed the LCC changes according to the persisting period and the real discount rate of buildings through the sensitivity analysis. When this model is used, it is considered that it is possible to support rational decision- making when selecting the optimal building materials in terms of economy through LCC analysis.


PURPOSE: A method and an apparatus for efficiently transferring terminal obtaining information to a base station are provided to transfer channel information measured in the terminal to the base station when the terminal is connected to the base station after failing random access. CONSTITUTION: A transceiver(1600) transmits and receives information from a base station. A controller(1620) controls the transceiver. The controller attempts random access to a first base station. In case the random access is failed, the controller generates rlf-report. The rlf-report includes one or more information related to the random access. [Reference numerals] (1600) Transceiver; (1605) Multiplexing and reverse multiplexing unit; (1610) Upper layer unit; (1615) Control message processing unit; (1620) Controller


8-hydroxyquinoline metal chelate complexes were use d in the past by chemists for gravimetric determination f various metal cations in solutions [1], but their u se subsided in time with the advent of new spectroscopic techni ques. More recently, the discovery of efficient electrolu minescent devices based on tris(8-hydroxyquinoline)aluminum, Alq3, attracted renewed interest in this class of materia ls to be utilized as optically active media in organic light -emitting diodes (OLED) [2]. Nowadays, this area of research is currently in a period of rapid growth with many ind ustrial and academic groups from all over the world already  running active research programs. However, there ar e still consistent obstacles on the road to full commercial  production [3]. Indeed, polymers and organic compou nds used in the OLED layers are sensitive to oxygen and moisture [4], and degradation processes have also b een attributed to various mechanisms, including crystal liz tion of the emitting layers, electrochemical reactions at the electrode/organic interface, migration of ionic spe cies, and electrochemical reactions [5].


To overcome the staircase error in traditional plasma simulation methods, a hybrid conformal algorithm of the time-domain finite-integration theorem with particle-in-cell (TDFIT-PIC) method is presented. In addition, a new extraction of conformal information (ECI) technique is proposed for implementation. With our ECI technique, the naturally conformal superiority of TDFIT can be used to deal with the curved objects, and the staircase error of the geometric boundary in the traditional PIC simulation can be reduced. Two numerical examples are given to validate the proposed TDFIT-PIC method. In these examples, the staircase error in the particle simulation is successfully eliminated, and higher accuracy is achieved. Furthermore, some numerical examples are given to demonstrate the efficiency and accuracy of the presented method, and the results are verified by experiments.


The Present survey reveals the occurrence of 364 taxa belonging to 282 genera and 92 families. Majority of these are from to family Fabaceae [38 species], followed by Asteraceae [32 species], Euphorbiaceae [18 species] and Moraceae [13 species], Malvaceae, Solanaceae and Verbenaceae [12 species each], Acanthaceae, Apocynaceae and Scrophulariaceae comprised of 10 species each whereas other families such as Acoraceae, Anacardiaceae, Campanulaceae, Fumariaceae, Papaveraceae, Phytolacaceae, Proteaceae etc. are represented by only one species. Majority of the species are herbs. Out of total 364 species, 349 are known to be used for medicinal purposes. Evidences suggested that the study area is rich in medicinal plant diversity which may be due to favourable ecological conditions and variable habitats. In this investigation, the richest floral diversity present in Panjab University Campus has been recorded.


Searching for a parking space in most metropolitan areas, especially during the rush hours, is difficult for car drivers. This problem arises from not knowing where the available spaces may be at that time; even if known, many vehicles may pursue very limited parking places to cause serious traffic congestion. In this project, we design and implement a prototype of smart parking (S-Park) system that allows drivers to effectively search and reserve the available parking spaces using an android application. By polling the parking status from the sensor networks deployed in parking lots, the reservation service is affected by the change of parking status. The drivers are allowed to access this system application on their Android Smartphones. The proposed reservation-based parking policy has the possibility to simplify the operations of parking systems, as well as minimize traffic congestion caused by parking searching thus making the parking system two-way efficient, that is, cost wise and time wise.


Achieving maximum output with a minimum level of resources has been a major discourse in recent years mostly in Nigeria's seed yam production. Thus, the study evaluated the technical efficiency of the CAY- and NRCRI - seed yam farm and the costs and returns to seed yam production of CAY- and NRCRI - seed yam farms. The study adopted a quantitative research approach. Similarly, a multistage sampling method was used to 283 seed yam farmers. Descriptive statistics, cobb douglas stochastic frontier production function model and gross margin analysis were used for the study. The findings of the study revealed that technical efficiency scores of CAY- (20%) and NRCRI (17%) – seed yam farmers were generally low respectively, Similarly, CAY-Seed yam farmers' farms had a higher gross margin ($199.64) when compared to NRCRI seed yam farmers' farms ($97.29), The study concludes that seed yam technologies did not generally improve the technical efficiency of the seed yam farms. The study recommends that external factors such as seed yam varieties used should be assessed. For instance, farmers' compliance to technologies introduced and the state of health of seed yam farmers should be considered in determining the technical efficiency of farms.


The existence of hieroglyphics , able to imitate the intelligible world and therefore bearers of that unique reality, helps Jonson to place his position regarding the quarrel between body and soul. The poet gives the masque a hieroglyphical value; he creates it as a multiple symbol revealing an absolute truth, which cannot be comprehended by the whole audience. This truth inhabits the intelligible world and, like the soul itself, is eternal. Although Jonson makes use of emblematic syntax in the composition of the iconographical apparatus in his masques, the limits imposed by iconology are far too restrictive for the application and working of his poetics. Despite his debt to humanism, the poet sublimates its precepts in order to create his own theory. The masque stands for a mimetic mirror of the virtuous court and serves as a model for the courtiers. The reality reflected in the performance, however, differs from that perceived by the senses, and that's the reason why Jonson adds a new element to the existing theory. In the famous poem against Inigo Jones, Expostulation, Jonson defines the masque as a "court hieroglyphic".


Telemedicine development in Taiwan has proliferated considerably since the 1990s, as manifested by its inclusion as a core application area in the National Infrastructure Initiative and other national initiatives. Judged by service volume and sustainability, all existing programs are largely in an experimental stage. The desired transition or advancement to real-world clinical settings requires a host organization addressing important program management challenges. The presented research investigated telemedicine development in Taiwan and analyzed the services provided by representative programs. Based on our analysis results, we discuss important implications for program management that are critical to the ultimate success of telemedicine in a healthcare organization.


Abstract. High temperature tensile creep behaviour ofa directionally-solidified Ni a Al-based alloy is presented. The study involved selection of nine alloy systems based on Ni3AI. The alloys contained varying amounts of Cr and Ta, fixed amounts of 1'5 at.~ Hf and 0'5 at.~ Zr and doped with 0.2 atA o each of C and B. The alloys were vacuum arc-melted into buttons and homogenized at 1050°C for 68h. The test pieces of the alloys were hot compression tested at 600, 700, 800 and 900°C. The yield strength data of some of the alloys were superior to conventionally cast Mar-M 200, a cast nickel-base superalloy widely used in gas turbine structural applications. The best alloy system was chosen based on consistent performance in the hot compression studies. The alloy so chosen was directionally solidified and vacuumhomogenization-treated for 20 h at various selected temperatures. Optimum creep properties were observed at 1120°C, 20 h treatment. The minimum creep rate data of the DS alloy showed relatively higher values even at lower temperatures and stress levels as compared to Mar-M 200. Hence, the alloy is less promising in replacing nickel-based superalloys used as structural materials in gas turbine applications.


This study aims to describe the da'wah movement conducted by Tarekat Qodiriyah wa Naqsyabandiyah (TQN) in Desa Ngroto Kec. Gubug Kab. Grobogan. This research is qualitative research, with descriptive and characteristic method which use case study model, hence data analysis technique used is phenomenological approach. The results showed that the scope of TQN mission movement in Desa Ngroto covers the internal and external organizations. Internally, the target organization consists of jama'ah (TQN followers). While externally is Ngroto society in general, both members and non-members, Muslim and non muslim. The strategy applied by TQN missionary movement in da'wah is individual and collective approach. The missionary movement TQN applied in various forms of activities including: a) education field (with the establishment of boarding schools "Miftah al-Huda", a boarding school in addition to teach the classics, Manaqib, Muilid and give freedom to the students to study in Islamic school), b) the public social field (TQN followers willing to spend part of his wealth to build mosques or schools. They receive and give donations from and to other people. They see themselves establish cooperative as a center of economic activity. They often stay in touch for familiarizing themselves with teachers and other inter-jama'ah), c) the organization field (they join and follow the activities carried out by al-Khidmah both at the branch and national).


An active pixel sensor like an array of DEPFET (DEpleted P-channel Field Effect Transistor) pixels allows for very flexible operation modes and an adaptability of the sensor design to the specific needs of the scientific instrument objectives. For a very high time resolution at the order of one microsecond, a full parallel readout of all pixels is required. Every readout node needs to be connected to readout electronics separately. Furthermore, to preserve a good spectroscopic performance, the integration of a storage functionality into each pixel prevents the influence of events occurring during the readout process and provoking an incorrect energy information. The energy of such events is detected incorrectly and is not falsifiable with a subsequent analysis. An active pixel sensor based on a DEPFET with internal storage and wired for full parallel readout is in production and will be available for testing in the future. Alternatively, the ability of an active pixel sensor to be read out in window (region-of-interest readout) mode allows for the investigation of the behavior at high frame rates at the order of 100 kHz for DEPFET devices with and without storage functionality.


The role and boundaries of the teacher educator is changing and evolving in a social challenging and collaborative environment. Although, previous presentations have discussed ICT professional development of experienced teachers (Senjov-Makohon 2007, 2006, 2005, 2004 & 2003), the new evolving role of the teacher educator in a hyperuchit context has not been discussed. Therefore, this paper will discuss the role of the teacher educator in hyperuchit of experienced teachers in the workplace. In this research, which is part of a larger study in an Australian university, the role and boundaries of the teacher educator were blurred between learner and teacher by functioning in communities and networks.


climates influence our perceptions of artistic works. We see this quality in Francis Higman's contribution, which credits Calvin, rather than Descartes, with originating the chief characteristics ofFrench style: simplicity, sobriety, definition, and clarity. In a different light, Lucienne Frappier-Mazur shows how the crisis in the printing industry necessitated the serialization of books in periodicals and thus informed the structure of the nineteenth-century novel. Authors had to accommodate the tastes of a less sophisticated audience as they learned to highlight suspense and drama at moments where the story could be cut and continued in a subsequent installment. Several entries allow the general readership to penetrate the mysteries of highly technical literary forms. Stephen G. Nichols shows us how the appeal of the old provençal lyric is grounded in the tension between invention (trobar) and performance (chantar), and between speaking subject and society, embodied in the beloved woman. François Rigolot approaches the art of the grands rhétoriqueurs from the standpoint of the poet's desire to escape the constraints of poetry set to music. These poets wanted poetry to compete with music on its own terms. They appealed to the ear by exploiting repetition and the natural sonorities of language, just as they sought to arrest the reader's gaze by the use of visual patterns and acrostics. Throughout this rich and varied work, the contributors never lose sight of the expressed goal of the enterprise—the writing of literary history. They see it as both a performative and self-reflexive activity. The introduction, "On Writing Literary History," traces diverse approaches to the process of generating literary history through the ages, and the final chapter is devoted to Apostrophes, Bernard Pivot's celebrated televised interviews with authors of the latest and most engaging literary works. Apostrophes, after all, represents the most recent attempt to take stock of literary production—an unending outpouring which never stops challenging the evaluative skills of literary historians.


A) OPERATING DEVICE FOR A VEHICLE SUNROOF WITH LEVER OPERATING IS CONNECTED WITH SLIDING ELEMENTS FIRST. B) APPARATUS CHARACTERIZED BY THE OTHER END OF LEVER MANOEUVRE39 IS cONNECTED WITH SO ARTICULEE FIRST ELEMENT GLISSEMENT25 LOCATED ON THE SIDE OF THE ROOF RESPECT AND THAT THE JOINT BEARING (PIN JOINT) lINKING THE OTHER END OF THE FIRST MANOEUVRE39 LEVER GLISSEMENT25 ELEMENT IS LOCATED IN CLOSING POSITION AVAILABLE TO SHELL (SHELL 22), SO TIGHT IN THE SHELL OF PROVISION. C) MANEUVER THE INVENTION CONCERNS A DEVICE FOR A VEHICLE sUNROOF WHOSE LEVER OPERATION IS cONNECTED WITH sLIDING ELEMENTS FIRST.


The majority of modular polyketide synthase (PKS) systems which generate unsaturated products do so with trans double bonds. Phoslactomycin B (PLM B) presents a class of antitumor and antiviral natural polyketide products that have unique structural features, including a linear unsaturated backbone with one trans and three cis double bonds. There is substantial evidence that trans double bonds are established by ketoreductase−dehydratase (KR−DH) didomains within a PKS module. In cases where modules containing these didomains appear to generate product containing a cis double bond, there is no experimental evidence to determine if they do so directly or if they also form a trans double bond with a subsequent isomerization step. A critical step in addressing this issue is establishing the stereochemistry of the polyketide intermediate which passes to the subsequent module. Herein, we demonstrate through a series of experiments that an activated cis-3-cyclohexylpropenoic acid is the diketide intermediate whi...


The device is for measuring the vibration of a delivered object which is hung on a rope of a crane two-dimensionally. The device comprises a rope(1) on a fixed part, two laser sensors(2,2') and two laser reflection plates(3,3'). The two laser reflection plates are installed perpendicularly each other and the two laser sensors are installed on the opposite side of the laser reflection plates perpendicularly each other. The vibration angle of the rope is measured by the distance between the laser sensor and the laser reflection plate.


Virus can enter soil and groundwater,and then transport in the systems.The groundwater,which is contaminated by virus,will cause disease of humans.It is necessary to study the mechanism of virus transport in soil and groundwater for preventing virus contamination.Based on the past study results,the mechanism of virus transport in soil and groundwater were demonstrated,and the factors which influence this process was concluded.At last,some problems existing in the past studies were pointed out,and the development tendency of research on virus transport was briefly discussed.


Investigations of zone boundary phonons in ZnO:Li system (Li concentration: 10%) and their dynamics with temperature are reported. Additional modes at 127, 157, and 194 cm−1 are observed and assigned to zone boundary phonons at critical point M in the Brillouin zone [J. M. Calleja and M. Cardona, Phys. Rev. B 16, 3753 (1977)] due to breakdown of crystal translational symmetry with Li incorporation in ZnO. Anharmonicity in peak frequency and linewidth of the zone boundary phonons in a temperature range from 100 to 1000 K is also analyzed taking into account the decay of zone boundary phonons into three- and four-phonon modes (cubic and quadratic anharmonicities). The anharmonic behavior of peak frequency is found to be feebly dependent on three-phonon decay process but thermal expansion of lattice together with four-phonon decay process appropriately defines the temperature dependence. Linewidths, however, follow the simple four-phonon decay mechanism. E2(low) mode, on the other hand, shows a linear temper...


This paper addresses the problem of mammogram classification (benign vs. malignant) through the utilisation of the state-of-the-art machine learning paradigm of support vector machines (SVMs). We are particularly interested in evaluating the discrimination efficiency of a set of feature extraction algorithms that have been proposed in the relevant literature for describing the textual characteristics present in mammogram masses. Our research focuses on comparing the classification accuracy associated with two well-established feature generation methodologies, namely, spatial grey level dependence method (SGLDM) and run difference method (RDM). Our experimentation was conducted on a publicly available mammogram database by parameterising the underlying kernel function of SVMs on different subsets of features. Our results indicate a moderately high classification accuracy for the linear SVM classifier when trained on the complete set of features.


Climate Change
Climate warming, nitrogen deposition, and (in fertile ecosystems) elevated carbon dioxide may cause plants to grow faster. Can this growth stimulation lead to higher carbon storage in existing forests and help to mitigate climate change? In a Perspective, Korner argues that the


Objective To establish initial traditional Chinese medicine syndromes differentiation standard for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Methods Patients with COPD admitted to hospital from June 2008 to March 2011 in the First Affiliated Hospital and Ruikang Hospital of Guangxi Traditional Chinese Medical College were chosen.Traditional Chinese medicine syndromes differentiation standard for COPD was established with the use of statistical Methods of clinical epidemiology and medical research.From various angles to achieve a variable syndrome screening and standards for disease syndromes,a more reliable basis was determined for traditional Chinese medicine syndromes differentiation of the disease.Results Symptoms more than 90 entries screened by six Methods,finally the last 46 significant variables in five syndromes of COPD were retained.Three kinds of Methods and three or more which has selected "+" can be incorporated into the syndromes standard.Conclusion The study of established COPD syndromes differentiation standard and traditional Chinese medicine theory and clinical reality are in good agreement.


I t is an honor, a privilege, and a challenge to take on the presidency of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis (ISPD). I thank the membership for the confidence they have afforded me in this responsibility. The mission of the ISPD is to promote and advance knowledge of the therapy of peritoneal dialysis throughout the world, and in so doing to improve the well-being of patients. This is both an honorable and a formidable task, but I believe the ISPD is now well positioned to achieve that mission and I invite all members to join together in making it a reality. Most notable in the past few years has been the development of a core curriculum and syllabus. Educational programs under the auspices of the ISPD have been presented in many parts of the world, including China, Singapore, the U.S.A., and Europe. At the recent ISPD Congress in Montreal, the "Basics of Peritoneal Dialysis" course using the ISPD curriculum attracted over 300 attendees. The entire course will soon be available on the Internet (www. e-dialysis.org) as part of a new and innovative program designed to reach the international nephrology community. Our goal is to make ISPD educational programs truly accessible to the world; the ISPD is taking a leading role in this effort. We support an important scholarship program that allows individuals to spend 2 months or more in a center to learn peritoneal dialysis. This experience has proved to be invaluable to the recipients and often serves as the basis for launching a new peritoneal dialysis program somewhere in the world. Peritoneal Dialysis International (PDI), our official journal, continues to rank highly among nephrology publications. Under the able leadership of Dr. Dimitrios Oreopoulos, the quality of the papers, the reviews, and the correspondence published in the journal remains extremely high; PDI is truly the flagship of our Society. I am also struck by the burgeoning of new basic and clinical science in the area of peritoneal dialysis. I believe we are in a period of intellectual revival of the discipline. This was most evident at the Montreal ISPD 2001 meeting, where over 600 abstracts were submitted, attendance was at a record high (over 2700 participants), and the quality of the sessions was truly outstanding. This will inevitably translate into advances in the therapy and improvement of patient care. The ISPD plays a pivotal role in ensuring these exciting developments continue. I would like to take this opportunity to thank Dr. Ram Gokal on behalf of all members of the Society for his work as President of the ISPD from 1998 to 2001. Unquestionably, his efforts have benefitted and will continue to benefit both the Society in particular and the nephrology community in general. Finally, I encourage active input from the Society membership, and if you are not a member, please join to gain the benefits of membership. Visit our Web site (www.ispd.org) to keep abreast of the activities of the ISPD, and feel free to correspond with me or any member of council with your suggestions on how we might better achieve our mission.


Purpose - The paper aims to examine the relation between fees paid to auditors and audit quality during the period of 2000-2003. Design/methodology/approach - The paper constructs a measure of auditor profitability that is used as a proxy for auditor independence. The methodology is grounded in the notion that auditor independence is influenced by effort and risk-adjusted fees, rather than the level of fees received from clients. Since, risk and effort are unobservable, the paper uses proxies based on client size, complexity and risk to estimate abnormal fees. Abnormal fees are derived using a fee estimation model drawn from prior literature. The paper employs two metrics to assess audit quality – the standard deviation of residuals from regressions relating current accruals to cash flows and the absolute value of performance-adjusted discretionary accruals. Findings - The paper documents a statistically significant negative association between total fees and both audit quality proxies over all years. These findings are robust to a variety of additional tests and several alternative design specifications. The results (pre- and post-SOX) are consistent with economic bonding being a determinant of auditor behavior rather than auditor reputational concerns. Research limitations/implications - The possibility that the empirical tests do not completely capture the impact of unobserved risk cannot be ruled out, though the paper attempts to do so by employing alternative specifications and sensitivity tests. Practical implications - Policy makers should note that current restrictions on the provision of non-audit services may not sufficiently resolve the issue of economic bonding and its impact on auditor independence. Originality/value - In contrast to previous studies whose results are ambiguous, the paper finds a statistically significant positive association between several measures of total fees (it uses size-adjusted and abnormal fees) and two metrics of accruals quality in all years (2000-2003), consistent with economic bonding being a determinant of auditor behavior rather then auditor reputation concerns.


Objective: The prevalence of multifetal pregnancies has increased up to 30% as a result of the introduction of ovulation inducing agents for assisted reproductive teclmology(ART). An exttemely poor pognosis could be expected for viable pregnancies in multifetal gestation. So, to decrease the consequence of multiple pregnancies and prevent complications, especially premature baby irreversibly damaged, selective fetal reduction to the smaller number of fetuses should be considered in an early gestational period. Methods: From May 1994 to Apr 1998, transvaginal selective fetal reduction in 13 pati including 9 triplet, 3 quadruplet and 1 quintuplet. Of the 13 patients, 4 were obtained by controlled ovarian hyperstimulation with intrauterine insemination (COH with IUI), 6 were by IVF-ET, 2 wae by controlled ovarian hyperstimulation with natural contact and 1 was by natural conception. Selective fetal reduction using intracardiac KC1 injection and aspiration of amniotic fluid carried out in 8-11 weeks of gestation. Results: After procedures, 8 patients were remained as twin pregnancies, 5 patients as singleton pregnancies and 1 of the remaining twin embryos vanished after procedure. There have been 7 sets of twin delivery including 1 stillbirth and 3 singleton delivery. 1 cases are ongoing state. All of the singleton delivery were completed after 37 weeks of gestation. Of the twin delivery, 2 cases were delivered after 37 weeks of gestation, 2 cases in 35-37 weeks, and 3 cases before 35 weeks of gestation. Unfortunately, 1 stillbirth occurred in 20 weeks of gestation and 2 cases of singleton were aborted. As 3 losses(2 singleton, 1 twin) occurred, the delayed fetal loss rate in this selective fetal reduction was 25.0%(3/12). There was no fetal anomaly related to the procedure. Conclusion: Selective fetal reduction in multifetal pregnancies is a rather safe procedure and it may improve the outcome of multiple pregnancies.


The square-peg problem asks if every Jordan curve in the plane has four points which are the vertices of a square. The problem is open for continuous Jordan curves, but it has been resolved for various regularity classes of curves between continuous and C-smooth Jordan curves. Here, in a generalization of the square-peg problem, we consider embedded curves in space, and ask if they have inscribed quadrilaterals with equal sides and equal diagonals. We call these quadrilaterals "square-like". We give a regularity class (finite total curvature without cusps) in which we can prove that every embedded curve has an inscribed square-like quadrilateral. The key idea is to use local data to show that short enough arcs have small curvature, thus ruling out small squares. This allows us to successfully use a limiting argument on approximating curves.


BACKGROUND
The assessment of electromagnetic field distribution near radiophones and their use warranted an analysis of ther mal exposure hazards and related health effects, based on i.e. numerical calculations of specific energy absorption rate (SAR).

MATERIALS AND METHODS
The investigation concerned radiophones of conventional and trunked communication systems. Electromagnetic hazards assessment involved numerical simulations of SAR inside users' models (male and female) for 5 radiophones locations - near the ear, arm, chest, hip and face.

RESULTS
Maximum SAR (10 g) values depend on radiophone type, output power and locations. Near the chest, hip and face they are 6-, 2- and 2-fold higher than for location near the ear. SAR (10 g) may exceed Directive 2013/35/EU limits at maximum (4 W) output power of conventional radiophones, and the distance between antenna and worker's body shorter than 5 cm. SAR (10 g) values near trunked radiophones do not exceed 35% of the Directive limits. The Polish safety and health regulations in particular cases of radiophones use and local exposure may not guarantee the compliance with Directive 2013/35/EU requirements, i.e. SAR (10 g) may locally exceed exposure limit values (ELVs) during exposure to electromagnetic fields of hazardous, and even intermediate zones.

CONCLUSIONS
It was demonstrated that exposure of trunked radiophones users does not exceed the limits laid down in the Polish safety and health regulations and Directive 2013/3/EU however, in particular scenarios of the conventional radiophones use overexposure can be observed. The results showed that in exposure to electromagnetic field emitted by sources located near workers' body there is a need for more detailed analysis of the compliance of Polish safety and health regulations with Directive 2013/35/EU requirements.


Objective To discusses the value of puncture and location under the spiral CT guiding in treating tumor by the argon helium knife.Methods To locate accurately under CT guiding on 100 malig- nant tumor patients.Results For 100 patients,puncture success rate is 100%,and treatment success rate is 100%,as also,comphcation is 8%.Conclusion That argon helium knife target freezes and damages the substantive tumor is new technology in surgical treatment.In order to guarantee the success in surgery treat- ment,precisely locating the puncture spot is especially important,on the other side,we should grasp the indi- cation reasonably and reduce the illness complication.


Disclosed is a wiring board with a built-in semiconductor element, which comprises: a semiconductor element; a peripheral insulating layer that covers the outer lateral surface of the semiconductor element; upper surface wiring lines that are provided on the upper surface of the wiring board; and lower surface wiring lines that are provided on the lower surface of the wiring board. The semiconductor element comprises: a first wiring structure layer that includes first wiring lines and first insulating layers that are alternately arranged on a semiconductor substrate; and a second wiring structure layer that includes second wiring lines and second insulating layers that are alternately arranged on the first wiring structure layer. The upper surface wiring lines include wiring lines that are electrically connected with the first wiring lines via the second wiring lines. The second wiring lines are thicker than the first wiring lines but thinner than the upper surface wiring lines. The second insulating layers are formed of a resin material and thicker than the first insulating layers.


A grassroots movement of nonprofit, nongovernmental organizations is creating programs in which incarcerated individuals train rescued shelter dogs as therapeutic canines for Veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Driven in part by reports of Veterans not receiving adequate treatment for PTSD, the programs are the latest iteration of prison-based animal programs and are founded on the principles of animal therapy and healing powers of animals. The far-reaching and deleterious collateral consequences of PTSD create social and economic burdens on the country; providing beneficial interventions for Veterans is a pressing social problem. Without oversight, a patchwork of agencies has developed that provides Veterans with dogs with varying levels of training and differing abilities. To best serve the needs of Veterans, the programs need regulation and standardized methods of training. [Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 54(5), 49-57.] Incarcerated Individuals' Role in Therapeutic Animal Programs Gennifer Furst, PhD Earn Contact Hours The United States incarcerates more individuals than any other country (i.e., >1.5 million individuals) (Carson, 2014). Since 2001, >2 million troops have served in Iraq and Afghanistan (Tuerk, Steenkamp, & Rauch, 2010). At the same time, 1.2 million homeless dogs are killed throughout the country each year (American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, 2015). A grassroots movement is bringing members of these largely invisible groups together. Nonprofit, nongovernmental organizations are creating programs in which incarcerated in© 20 16 Sh ut te rst oc k.c om /L ind sa y H elm s 49 Journal of Psychosocial nursing • Vol. 54, no. 5, 2016 dividuals train rescued shelter dogs as therapeutic canines for Veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Although prison-based animal programs (PAPs) have become common (Furst, 2006), this new focus on Veterans is a recent development driven by reports of them not receiving adequate treatment for PTSD (Jaffe & O'Keefe, 2014; Reardon, 2013). The numerous collateral consequences of PTSD, including substance use disorders, unemployment, and criminal activity, have led researchers to warn that we are facing a "long-term burden to society of war-related mental health pathology" (Tuerk et al., 2010, p. 54). A unique response to this contemporary social problem comes from a grassroots movement built on the principles of animal therapy and the healing power of animals. Groups throughout the country are bringing dogs inside prisons and jails. Dogs that would otherwise be killed serve a therapeutic role for incarcerated individuals and Veterans. In the current article, the widespread collateral consequences are considered and the response of the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) and barriers to receiving treatment are discussed. Research regarding treatment effects of therapeutic animals is presented and the origins of PAPs are traced. It is within the context of these programs that this next generation of PAPs is described. The current movement by private citizens to provide Veterans dogs trained by incarcerated individuals is examined. Finally, policy recommendations and suggestions for future research are outlined.


Let $\mathcal{A}$ be an abelian category, or more generally a weakly idempotent complete exact category, and suppose we have two complete hereditary cotorsion pairs $(\mathcal{Q}, \widetilde{\mathcal{R}})$ and $(\widetilde{\mathcal{Q}}, \mathcal{R})$ in $\mathcal{A}$ satisfying $\widetilde{\mathcal{R}} \subseteq \mathcal{R}$ and $\mathcal{Q} \cap \widetilde{\mathcal{R}} = \widetilde{\mathcal{Q}} \cap \mathcal{R}$. We show how to construct a (necessarily unique) abelian model structure on $\mathcal{A}$ with $\mathcal{Q}$ (respectively $\widetilde{\mathcal{Q}}$) as the class of cofibrant (resp. trivially cofibrant) objects and $\mathcal{R}$ (respectively $\widetilde{\mathcal{R}}$) as the class of fibrant (resp. trivially fibrant) objects.


Integrating relational databases with the Semantic Web can be accomplish by means of two primary approaches: automatic direct mapping or developers detailing application specific mappings. Both approaches are the subject of the W3C Relational Database to RDF (RDB2RDF) Working Group. Intuitively, a direct mapping is a default and automatic way to translate a relational database schema and its content to OWL and RDF. In this poster, we present a specification, expressed in Datalog, of a direct mapping inspired by the current Direct Mapping draft of the W3C RDB2RDF Working Group. We are currently studying four fundamental properties: monotonicity, information preservation, query preservation and semantics preservation. In particular, we observe that the combination of these properties needs to be addressed very carefully.


We interestedly read the article of Menteşe et al.[1] entitled "The relationship between ischemia-modified albumin and myocardial infarction in on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting". We suppose that the study, emphasizing the importance of ischemic modified albumin (IMA) in acute myocardial ischemia during coronary artery bypass grafting, has some methodological and statistical mistakes and defects.


We developed lead-free perovskite solar cells, because lead is harmful to the human body. In this study, the lead-free perovskite layers were fabricated using antimony, bismuth and silver. Normal (n-i-p) and inverse (p-i-n) structures were tried for the solar cells. By using a lead-free perovskite with silver and bismuth for the normal structure, conversion efficiency of 0.892% was achieved.


Abstract The historical development of registration and licensing procedures for surveyors in Australia and New Zealand is traced. The 'classical' approach to registration by Board's projects and practical examinations alter graduation is discussed. Reforms in certain Australian State systems and New Zealand since 1975 are examined as are planned initiatives lor post-graduate study in 'Survey Practice' in Queensland. Possible causes for slow registrations and the better performance of the New Zealand system are outlined and some options for improving the situation are put forward.


Objective: To perform a literature review on the role of the occupational dentist in the context of public policies, focusing on workers' health. Materials and method: In this bibliographic study, a search was made with the following descriptors and their corresponding English terms: workers' health, occupational dentistry, and workers' oral health, in the databases of the Health Virtual Library (BVS Scielo, Lilacs and BBO) during the period from 2002 to 2013. Results: The present work discussed three thematic categories, namely: Category 1Dental problems/oral health conditions of workers, Category 2Absenteeism by dental causes, and Category 3Knowledge of the specialty of occupational dentistry and recognition of the importance of workers' oral health. Final considerations: It is noted, over the years, that although there have been efforts to regulate


Internship is understood as a practice in the society of aspirants to the status of employees of the respective unit. The internship activity is not yet legally regulated in Romania. There are other forms of career start-up, which, unlike internship, enjoy legal regulation, which is often confused with internship: pupil and student practice, volunteering, internship contract, trainee management. A future regulation of this contract in Romania must be based on the premise that it is an individual fixed-term employment contract which differentiates it from the voluntary contract or the traineeship contract. If the essence of the volunteer contract is to work without being remunerated, in the case of an internship, the activity must be remunerated, thus avoiding work on the black side or using the internship as a method of exploiting the graduates (for example, offering internships only to cover the need for staff for a certain period).


The DVB-H standard allows broadcasting of audio and video content to mobile terminals that have to face strict requirements concerning computational load and power consumption. Given the already intensive effort required by the decoding of the H.264/AVC video data stream, it is important to implement low complexity strategies for the concealment of the data losses. They are likely to happen, given the error prone nature of the wireless environment. The aim is to provide an acceptable video quality to the final user, without strongly affecting the resources available to the mobile device.


Based on experimentally determined concentrations of PCr, Pi, ATP, and H+, the ADP and AMP concentrations and the free energy for the ATP hydrolysis in normal human brain and muscle were calculated assuming that the creatine kinase‐ and the myokinase‐catalyzed reactions were in equilibrium, accounting for changes in pH and free Mg2+ ion concentration. © 1991 Academic Press, Inc.


This research presents the systematization, methodological and scientificpedagogical analysis of the structuring principles of the creative educational paradigm based on the system-synergetic, anthropological, person-centered and creative approaches. The principles of education associated with conforming patterns of learning and creative working, that Is why the pedagogical requirements are founded on the driving forces of pedagogical system''s operation and on the causal conditioning of the internal structure in the educational process. The historical experience of pedagogy and educational practice in Russia and abroad allows us to conclude about the effectiveness of certain provisions in the basic organizations of pedagogical interaction, the strength of the fundamental requirements for the conduct of educational activities, structural integrity, dynamism and validity of the educational model. And in the same time the introduction of creative elements in the educational process is focuses on the plasticity of the pedagogical modeling, on the outputting in the open socio-cultural space, the subject''s interaction and cooperation of partners in the joint training and educational activities. The principles of learning creativity and through the creativity are expressed specifics related with the functional structure of the creative process, it''s staging, character, specific marks, and it constitute the fundamental basis of creative education paradigm.


The advantages of synchronous generator with superconducting field winding can be stated as : (1) Reduction in losses, (2 )Improved system performance, (3 ) High-Voltage armature feasibility, (4 ) Small size and weight. Some feasibility studies have been carried out, and currently some model machines for demonstration are under construction. The superconducting held winding which produces strong magnetic flux can be viewed as an energy storage and its application to power system stabilization has been proposed and the damping effect of power swing has been confirmed numerically. In this paper an improved control scheme for power system stabilization which has the function of voltage regulation by the control of field winding current, is proposed. Some numerical examples demonstrate that the proposed system is capable of suppressing the voltage fluctuation as well as damping power oscillation, significantly. Furthermore, the specifications of the superconducting generator necessary for the stabilization of a model power transmission system are estimated in detail. In the case of 1,120 MVA generator with 24 MJ stored energy at 6 kA rated field current, the maximum DC voltage is 3,300 V, the maximum rate of field current change (dl/dt) is 3,500 A/s and the maximum power exchanged between the field winding and the power system is 20 MVA.


The GTG-banding and 5-BrdU incorporation patterns of the late-replicating X-chromosome were studied in female dogs and cattle, and compared to human female patterns. The replication patterns of the short arm of the X-chromosomes did not show any difference between human, dog and cattle females. As to the long arm, some bands showed differences among the three studied species regarding the replication kinetics pattern. These differences were observed in a restricted region of the X-chromosome, delimited by Xq11 → q25 in humans, by Xq1 → q8 in dogs, and by Xq12 → q32 in cattle. In an attempt to find out if these differences in the replication kinetics could be a reflection of differences in the localization of genes in that region of the X-chromosome, we used the probe for the human androgen receptor gene (AR) localized at Xq12, which is in the region where we observed differences among the three studied species. We did not, however, observe hybridization signals. Our study goes on, using other human probes for genes located in the region Xq11 → Xq25.


— Hate crimes and inflammatory speeches have often been propagated in Kenya's election campaign s. Kenya has put in place various mechanisms to monitor hate speech. This paper focuses on various ways in which referential strategies by key leaders in the 2017 pre-election political discourse reflect and determine hate speech. It also examines the interplay of politics, social theory and linguistics towards achieving Kenya's Reform Agenda. The study is grounded in Fairclough ' s and Wodak's Discourse Historical Approach as a theoretical framework. The findings discursively depict the leaders as using representations that elevate their authority in the texts and naturalise the ideology of intolerance through vilification of others, intentional misinterpretation, subversive intentions, rumours, threats, innuendos, propaganda, depersonalising metaphors falling short of achieving the reform agenda. Policy makers would use the findings to adherence to laws and policies promoting national cohesion.


Paralinguistic digital affordances (PDAs) [2] are simple cues that one can give in response to social media content with one click. The Like, while ubiquitous, can be inappropriate for certain situations due to its literal meaning. In this study, we conducted focus groups with young adults to understand what type of PDAs would be best in a system designed specifically for social support. Hugs were considered to be a good alternative, although cultural sensitivities should be taken into consideration.


The article examines the issues of legal support for the creation and functioning of united territorial communities at present. It is determined that since 2014, the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine and the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine have adopted a significant number of normative legal acts that allow for the implementation of the decentralization reform. United territorial communities in Ukraine are the primary source for the formation and implementation of a new policy of sustainable development of the territories of Ukraine. It was found that one of the most important elements of the strategy of management of the united territorial communities in Ukraine is independence, efficiency, managerial innovations, speed and justification of decision-making. The management of this sector is based on the principles of the European Charter of Local Self-Government, which provides for the decentralization of power, the transfer of basic powers and resources to local governments, while placing great responsibility on them. It is proved that this policy is based on the provisions of the European Charter of Local Self-Government and the best world standards of public relations in this area. The legislative basis for a radical change in the system of government and its territorial basis at all levels began to take shape in 2014. It is concluded that for the further successful functioning of the OTG it is necessary to resume work on the bill to amend the Constitution of Ukraine on decentralization; to adopt a new version of the Law of Ukraine «On Local Self-Government in Ukraine»; to amend the Law of Ukraine «On Cooperation of Territorial Communities» regarding the introduction of the procedure for joining territorial communities to existing cooperation agreements; Keywords: united territorial community, OTG, local self-government, decentralization, reform, local self-government bodies


AbstractSintered Al2O3 was joined to Ni–Cr steel by the active metal brazing route with Ag–Cu–Zr brazing alloys containing Sn or Al. A single ZrO2 layer with a monoclinic structure was formed at the Al2O3 /brazement interface by the migration of Zr in the molten brazing alloy to the Al2O3 surface, followed by a redox reaction between the Al2O3 and Zr. The remainder of the brazement formed a Cu–Ag eutectic alloy. Precipitates CuZr2 and Cu–Zr–Al were formed in the brazements of the Ni–Cr steel/ Al2O3 joints brazed with Ag–Cu–Zr alloys and Al containing Ag–Cu–Zr alloys, respectively. On the other hand, no precipitates were formed in the brazement of the Ni–Cr steel/Al2O3 joints brazed with Sn containing Ag–Cu–Zr alloys. The Ni–Cr steel/ Al2O3 joints brazed with Sn containing Ag–Cu–Zr alloys showed much higher fracture shear strengths than those brazed with Ag–Cu–Zr alloys or Al containing Ag–Cu–Zr alloys.


Abstract. In the Arctic, the sea surface salinity (SSS) plays a key role in processes related to water mixing and sea ice. However, the lack of salinity
observations causes large uncertainties in Arctic Ocean forecasts and reanalysis. Recently the Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) satellite
mission was used by the Barcelona Expert Centre to develop an Arctic SSS product. In this study, we evaluate the impact of assimilating this data in
a coupled ocean–ice data assimilation system. Using the deterministic ensemble Kalman filter from July to December 2016, two assimilation runs
respectively assimilated two successive versions of the SMOS SSS product on top of a pre-existing reanalysis run. The runs were validated against
independent in situ salinity profiles in the Arctic. The results show that the biases and the root-mean-squared differences (RMSD) of SSS are
reduced by 10 % to 50 % depending on the area and highlight the importance of assimilating satellite salinity data. The time series of
freshwater content (FWC) further shows that its seasonal cycle can be adjusted by assimilation of the SSS products, which is encouraging of the
assimilation of SSS in a long-time reanalysis to better reproduce the Arctic water cycle.


This essay is intended to give some insight into the present and future of the third generation of mobile communication systems, called UMTS in Europe or 3G in general. Pros and cons with 3G are evaluated as well as the on-going licensing issues. Finally the future of 3G is discussed.


: The NITRATE TRANSPORTER 1/PEPTIDE TRANSPORTER family (NPF) proteins perform an essential role in regulating plant nitrate absorption and distribution and in improving plant nitrogen use efficiency. In this study, cucumber ( Cucumis sativus L.) NPF genes were comprehensively analyzed at the whole genome level, and 54 NPF genes were found to be unevenly distributed on seven chromosomes in the cucumber genome. The phylogenetic analysis showed that these genes could be divided into eight subfamilies. We renamed all CsNPF genes according to the international nomenclature, based on their homology with AtNPF genes. By surveying the expression profiles of CsNPF genes in various tissues, we found that CsNPF6.4 was specifically expressed in roots, indicating that CsNPF6.4 may play a role in N absorption; CsNPF6.3 was highly expressed in petioles, which may be related to NO 3 − storage in petioles; and CsNPF2.8 was highly expressed in fruits, which may promote NO 3 − transport to the embryos. We further examined their expression patterns under different abiotic stress and nitrogen conditions, and found that CsNPF7.2 and CsNPF7.3 responded to salt, cold, and low nitrogen stress. Taken together, our study lays a foundation for further exploration of the molecular and physiological functions of cucumber nitrate transporters.


A case of melanoma metastatic to the gallbladder is presented with review of the literature. Currently, there are 20 cases reported that have presented with acute and/or chronic cholecystitis. Ultrasonographic findings of an echogenic mass within the gallbladder without the accompanying acoustic shadowing can be diagnostic in a patient with a history of melanoma. The presence of tumor cells within the bile recovered from the common bile duct suggests the possibility of drop metastasis as a mechanism of spread to the common bile duct and the small intestine. The difficulties in distinguishing primary from secondary melanoma of the gallbladder are discussed.


Foreword Introduction A brave new world: social work at its zenith Social work's ambivalent relation with professionalism Child care and the loss of trust Neoliberalism and social work practice Education or training for social work The evolution of radical social work From mainstream to the margins: two case studies The impossible dream: integration of health and social care Social work and devolution Social work in a changing world Afterword: Rotherham and beyond.


The complement system, consisting of about 20 serum proteins, plays an important role in immunological defense and can be activated by two distinct routes, the classical and alternative pathways. The classical pathway (CPC) is activated in vivo primarily by antigen-antibody complexes or aggregates containing IgG or IgM, whereas activation of the alternative pathway (APC) does not depend upon immune complexes. It is activated by specific molecules on the target cell surface, for example, zymosan, inulin, and lipopolysaccharide. The most commonly employed assay for complement activity is Mayer's CH50 test' based on complement-mediated hemolysis of sensitized erythrocytes. However, this method has some problems such as complicated operation, instability of reagents, unrapidness, and others. We have developed a simple method for measuring the complement activities of both the classical and alternative pathways in the same system by using the rabbit y-globulin-coupled liposomes.


In the method, coincidence relation between information of group code and calling time period from group code is setup at called terminal. When receiving a call from calling party, the called party determines whether present time is in the calling time period from group code; if no, the called party connects the present call; if yes, the called party determines whether the information carried by the calling party is accorded with the coincidence relation; if yes, the called party connects the present call; if no, the present calling is rejected. The invention guarantees that important coming calls will be received, and not important coming calls will be rejected.


The attitude estimation of a rigid body by magnetic, angular rate, and gravity (MARG) sensors is a research subject for a large variety of engineering applications. A standard solution for building up the observer is usually based on the Kalman filter and its different extensions for versatility and practical implementation. However, the performance of these observers has long suffered from the inaccurate process and measurement noise covariance matrices, which in turn entails tedious parameter turning procedures. To overcome the laborious noise covariance matrices regulation, we propose in this paper a Q-learning-based approach to autonomously adapt the values of process and measurement noise covariance matrices. The Q-learning method establishes a reinforcement learning mechanism that forces the noise covariance matrices pair with the least difference between predictions and measurements of output to be found in a predetermined candidate set of noise covariance matrices. The effectiveness of the Q-learning approach, applied to Extended Kalman filter-based attitude estimation, is validated through the Monte Carlo method that uses real flight data on an unmanned aerial vehicle.


The scientific study of gold particles dates back to 1857, when Faraday reported their isolation from the reduction of gold chloride with phosphorus. Gold nanoparticles are valued today for an array of applications, due to their unique optical and electronic properties, while much research has been directed toward achieving greater control over particle polydispersity because of the importance of size in dictating their properties. Of particular interest in this regard are gold−thiolate NPs, which can be synthesized with atomic precision in the 1−3 nm size range and in some cases are amenable to characterization via X-ray diffraction. Growing single crystals remains a challenge, however, and a limited number of NPs have been structurally characterized. Amala Dass and colleagues now report the single-crystal XRD structure of the largest Au NP characterized to date, consisting of 279 Au atoms with a face-centered cubic core− shell structure protected by tert-butylbenzenethiolate ligands stitched on the surface (DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b08651). In addition to a unique mathematical pattern and diversity in its core−shell structure, UV−vis characterization reveals unprecedented metallic behavior. The authors note that Au279 may represent the critical size for crossover between molecular and metallic behavior in gold−thiolate NPs. Katie Meihaus, Ph.D.


This paper describes a new and intriguing observation relating to partial discharges specifically those discharges which occur despite the absence of an applied voltage within chopped sequence. The discharge pulses, which are referred to as Partial Discharge Echoes, appeared in intervals where no voltage was being applied, immediately after the specimen had been exposed to a sinusoidal voltage above partial discharge inception level. The measurements were performed on specimens with an embedded void in insulating paper or cross-linked polyethylene. In order to capture the echo signal, a modified phase-resolved partial discharge acquisition setup was used. The discharge mechanism around the transition point from sinusoidal to voltageless, echo intensity and impact of void material type were analyzed. The discharge echo pulses may allow the void to be analyzed in greater detail, revealing specific details of some of the mechanisms, for example time lag, surface charge decay and relation to void conductivity.


Objective To discuss characteristics of healthy persons'Flashed visual veoked potentials(F VEP) and the clinical values of visual funciton in tumors of sella area.Methods F VEP was evoked by light emitting diode(LED).Results 30 healthy persons'F VEP had bigger waves and was easy to record.F VEP was studied in 21 patients with tumors of sella area.We found preoperatively that the classification of F VEP of the waves was related to the visual acuity and visual field deficit signficantly (P0.01).Conclusion F VEP was useful for evaluating visual function in tumors of sella area.


Understanding the impact of marketing-related investments on market-based assets is a fundamental issue for marketers. In this study we address the relationship between product-related investments and communication-related efforts, with respect to a basic intangible market-based asset: consumer-based dimensions of brand equity. We draw from a longitudinal study of pre-purchase brand attribute data derived from consumer panels, conducted within the context of the U.S. automotive market. Brand equity dimensions are statistically related to marketing investments and contextual factors of "region of origin" and "global brand reach," employing a seemingly unrelated regression model. The results reveal a positive effect of communication-related investments, as measured by annual advertising expenditures, on all dimensions of brand equity except luxury image. Product-related investments, as indicated by a brand's innovativeness, positively affect brand image but negatively affect perceived economy. Region of origin and global brand reach have mixed effects on the consumer-based dimensions of brand equity.


Ensemble clustering have been attracting lots of attentions, which combining several base data partitions to generate a single consensus partition with improved stability and robustness. Diversity is critical for the success of ensemble clustering. To enhance this characteristic, a subset of cluster ensemble is selected by removing the redundant partitions. Combined with ranking and forward selection strategies, the significance of attribute defined in rough set theory is employed as a heuristic to find the subset of cluster ensemble. Experimental results on the UCI machine learning repository demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is feasible and effective.


This paper is aimed at the analysis of the study results of selected subjects of the full-time and part-time forms of study at the study programme Economics and Management that is offered at the College of Polytechnics Jihlava and covers two fields of study Travel and Tourism, Finance and Management. The analysis extends and elaborates the findings from the paper Kuncova and Vojackova (2014). The first part of the study compares the results of the period before the start of the e-learning (2008 for full-time students and 2010 for part-time students) with the year 2012 (after the e-learning implementation) for both study fields. The second part is dedicated to the analysis of results of mathematical and statistical subjects. We have formulated 3 hypotheses for the first part concerning the dependence of the results on study year, form of study and study field. In the second part only first two hypotheses are relevant. The results from all selected subjects are tested via Chi-square test of independence. This comparison should answer a question if the e-learning had an impact on study results and if we can find dependence between results of two different types of study, two different years or two different study branches. The comparison shows differences of full-time and part-time students. However, we cannot prove the influence of the e-learning on the evaluation.


The interface state density of silicon metal‐oxide‐semiconductor (MOS) transistors operated at room, liquid‐nitrogen, and liquid‐helium temperatures is investigated using the conventional subthreshold slope technique. The magnitude of the interface state density found of the order of 1013–1014/eV cm2 at liquid‐helium temperature, suggests that such states correspond to the localized states situated in the band tails below the mobility edge of the two‐dimensional subband. Moreover, the interface state densities found by the subthreshold slope have been confirmed using the dynamic transconductance technique.


Experiments were carried out to investigate the agglomeration mechanism of neutral sulfite semi-chemical (NSSC) black liquor combusted in a bench-scale fluidized bed. The combustion experiments were focused on the influence of different operating conditions at temperatures ranging from 600 to 800 °C and at additive dosages from 0 to 30% with different additives (kaolin, calcium carbonate, and alumina). Defluidization resulting from agglomeration occurred frequently in the experiments. Samples of the bed material collected after the experiments were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray detection and X-ray diffractometry. There were explainable differences in the experimental phenomena and surface characteristics of the sinters depending on different operating conditions in this study, which can also be found in other studies. The mechanism has also explained that the additive is effective in solving the agglomeration problem. The experimental results indicate that the form...


We explore the applications of our previously established likelihood-ratio method for deriving concentration inequalities for a wide variety of univariate and multivariate distributions. New concentration inequalities for various distributions are developed without the idea of minimizing moment generating functions.


ABSTRACT A key battle has been fought within the UK cabinet on the direction of post-Brexit trade policy. The opposing sides have favoured either continued alignment or a 'hard' break with the European Union's (EU's) regulatory and customs regime, in the latter case to allow the UK to pursue an independent and ambitious trade policy agenda. Contrary to much commentary on 'post-truth' politics, both sides have relied on rival forms of expertise to support their claims. I argue for the need to not only re-emphasise the malleability and political nature of expert knowledge, but also appreciate its emotional bases. The Treasury has led the charge in favour of a softer Brexit by drawing on econometric ('gravity') models that emphasise the economic costs of looser association with the EU. In contrast to this attempt at technocratic legitimation, the specific legal expertise drawn upon by cabinet advocates of 'hard' Brexit has appealed to an emotive political economy of bringing the UK, and its (in this imaginary) overly regulated economy, closer to its 'kith and kin' in the Anglosphere, deepening the UK 'national business model'. I conclude by calling for more explicitly emotive and values-based argumentation in the public debate on the UK's future trade policy to improve the quality of democratic deliberation.


a b s t r a c t We analyze a minimal model of a population of identical oscillators with a nonlinear couplinga generalization of the popular Kuramoto model. In addition to well-known for the Kuramoto model regimes of full synchrony, full asynchrony, and integrable neutral quasiperiodic states, ensembles of nonlinearly coupled oscillators demonstrate two novel nontrivial types of partially synchronized dynamics: self-organized bunch states and self-organized quasiperiodic dynamics. The analysis based on the WatanabeStrogatz ansatz allows us to describe the self-organized bunch states in any finite


Decomposing target into several parts may improve the capability of tracking algorithm to deal with appearance variations such as occlusion and deformation. In this letter, we propose a part-based appearance model by exploiting spatial structure from parts. The model minimizes appearance and deformation cost simultaneously to predict the new position of object. Then, the optimization problem is divided into two parts. Kernelized correlation filter (KCF) is used for tracking the appearance of parts separately to speed up the proposed tracker. Meanwhile, the deformation cost is minimized by structural learning schema, which can reduce the label noise that caused by inaccuracy bounding box. Finally, minimum spanning tree and dynamic programming are employed to combine the score map of the appearance and deformation of parts, and to detect best new position of target. Experimental results on several challenge sequences show the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed tracking algorithm.


The photosensitive resin composition of the present invention, (A) a binder polymer, a photopolymerizable compound having at least one or more polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated bond in the (B) molecule, (C) a photopolymerization initiator, and characterized in that it contains a compound represented by (D) the following general formula (1). [Formula 1] Wherein It is. ## STR2 ## Wherein (2),