The American conceptual frame FASB has as a point star in the approach of the balance sheet the equality of the assets, that reflects the resources of the enterprise, on one hand, and on the other hand, the total of the debts and the equity ownership, that reflected the structure of financing of the society. This component of the financial statements is found in the financial statements of the enterprises that have adopted the norms of the American conceptual frame under different forms: Balance sheet, statement of the financial position or the statement of the Financial Condition. According to the standard SFAC 5 Recognition and Measurement in Financial Statements of Business Enterprises it is underlined the fact that a limit of the balance sheet is that it is made starting from the threshold of significance, by which the insignificant elements do not appear in the balance sheet, but this limit is over passed by the presentation of the supplementary information in notes.


The history of Soviet homosexuality is largely unexplored territory. This has led some of the few scholars who have examined this topic to claim that, in the period from Stalin through to the Gorbachev era, the issue of homosexuality was surrounded by silence. Such is the received view and in this thesis, I set out to challenge it. My investigation of a range of archival sources, including reports from the Soviet Interior Ministry (MVD), as well as juridical, medical and sex education literature, demonstrates that although homosexuality was not widely discussed in the broader public sphere, there was still lively discussion of it in these specialist and in some cases classified texts, from 1956 onwards. The participants of these discussions sought to define homosexuality, explain it, and establish their own methods of eradicating it. In important ways, this handling of the issue of homosexuality was specific to the Soviet context. This thesis sets out to broaden our understanding of the history of official discourses on homosexuality in the late Soviet period. This history is also examined in the context of and in comparison to developments on this front in the West, on the one hand, and Eastern Europe, on the other. The thesis draws on the observation made by Dan Healey, the pioneering scholar of Russian and Soviet sexuality, that in the Soviet Union after Stalin's death a combination of science and police methods was used to strengthen heterosexual norms in the Soviet society. Taking this observation as a point of departure, I explore late Soviet debates over whether homosexuality should be viewed and handled as a criminal and/or a medical phenomenon. The examination of these discussions will contribute to our knowledge about the oppression of homosexual men and women in the Soviet Union, providing insight into the roots of contemporary Russian homophobia and expanding our knowledge about Soviet history more


Abstract The aim of the study is to identify associations between dental anxiety and postoperative pain in patients undergoing extraction of horizontally impacted wisdom teeth. A total of 119 volunteers provided demographic data, and completed questionnaires, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Chinese Index of Dental Anxiety and Fear (C-IDAF)-4C, and the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) for pain. Mean SAI, TAI, and C-IDAF-4C scores were 42.5 ± 8.7, 46.4 ± 10.9, and 16.9 ± 7.2, respectively. Mean postoperative pain level score was 3.0 ± 1.8 (range: 0.3–8.4). SAI scores increased as preoperative pain levels increased (&bgr; = 1.30, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.62–1.98, P < .001); females had higher SAI scores than males (5.34; 95% CI: 1.74–8.95, P = .004). Multivariable analysis revealed that females, bad exodontic experience, and higher predicted pain levels were associated with higher IDAF-4C scores. SAI scores (&ggr; = 0.611, P < .001) and TAI scores (&ggr; = 0.305, P < .001) increased as C-IDAF-4C scores increased. Higher C-IDAF-4C scores and longer operative time were significantly associated with higher levels of postoperative pain. Specific factors are associated with anxiety and stress, and postoperative pain in patients undergoing wisdom teeth extraction. Addressing these factors preoperatively may reduce stress and anxiety, and lead to more favorable treatment outcomes.


The microstructural evolution and formation mechanism of nanostructures in bulk pure Cu samples induced by dynamic plastic deformation (DPD) at high strain rates and cryogenic temperatures were investigated using transmission electron microscopic characterization. Three different mechanisms were identified for the plastic deformation and microstructural refinement, including dislocation manipulation and rearrangement, deformation twinning forming nanoscale twin/matrix (T/M) lamellae in bundles, and shear banding in the T/M lamellae. An increasing tendency of deformation twinning and shear banding was observed at higher strains. For strain e = 2.1, a mixed nanostructure is formed in the DPD Cu bulk sample with nanoscale T/M lamellae making up about 33% of the volume and nano-sized grains making up about 67%. The nanograins can be classified into three types in terms of their origin: (i) nanograins derived from fragmentation of nanoscale T/M lamellae with an average transverse size of about 47 nm; (ii) nanograins in shear bands with an average transverse size of about 75 nm; and (iii) nanograins derived from dislocation cells with an average transverse size of about 121 nm. The high density of deformation twins induced by high strain rates and cryogenic temperatures in DPD, distinct from that in conventional severe plastic deformation, plays a crucial role in formation of the nano-sized grains. 2007 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.


Background: Hypoalbuminemia at admission is a common finding in patients admitted to the Paediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) and may predict morbidity and mortality.Methods: Patients of age more than 1 year and less than 12 years diagnosed with hypoalbuminemia on the grounds of the inclusion criteria who were admitted in the Paediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) were enrolled in the study as 'cases' and patients with normal levels of serum albumin and otherwise similar characteristics to cases were included in the study as 'controls'. Detailed clinical examination and required investigations were done. Above collected information was utilized to select two groups for the study i.e., those with hypoalbuminemia and others with no hypoalbuminemia. Both these groups were further followed up till discharge or death and the outcome in terms of morbidity and mortality was noted.Results: Incidences of MODS and degree of severity of illness as judged by PRISM III score in cases and control showed that, a lower serum albumin concentration correlated well with higher rates of complications such as ventilator dependence and development of new infections leading longer stay in the critical care unit. The mean length of PICU stay in cases group was statistically longer than in the control group. Although we did not observe a difference in fatal outcome in patients managed with either Human Albumin or Fresh Frozen Plasma compared to those managed conservatively in this study, we did observe a decreased mean length of PICU stay and rate of complications in the patients treated with either Human Albumin or Fresh Frozen Plasma, thus achieving a faster rate of recovery with lesser rate of complications and thus alleviating the morbidity, though still not being able to affect the overall mortality.Conclusions: Hypoalbuminemia at admission was a predictive factor of poor outcome in critically ill children. It is associated with a higher mortality, a longer length of stay in the PICU, as well as longer ventilator use.


Four high-accuracy LCR meters have been compared with the use of Metrosert and MIKES impedance standards. Specifications of LCR meters have been verified at frequency of 1 kHz for the resistance range from 1 Ω to 100 kΩ, for the capacitances in the range from 100 pF to 1 µF and for 100 mH inductor. The performance of LCR meters have been compared also at frequencies from 1 kHz to 1 MHz with ac resistors of different types, at 1 kHz and 100 kHz with 100 pF - 1 µF capacitance standards, and at 1 kHz with 300 µH – 300 mH inductance standards. Results of measurements presented in this summary confirm the specified uncertainty of the tested LCR meters


A method for mobile robot navigation indoor using monocular vision is discussed.It provides a method for color image segmentation in HSI color model in succession using Otsu method to select the threshold,and suggests a mean brightness based powertransform method to improve the contrast of the brightness space,adapts to light changing of indoor environment and extracts the pixel coordinates of multiple targets.Based on perspective projection,it discusses geometry method to calculate the world coordinates of the objects.Experiment results with the Pioneer-2 mobile robot and data analysis show the method's validity and practicability.


The proper selection of the similarity measure may be of paramount importance for the clustering result especially if the clusters overlap. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to study the influence of some widely known similarity measures on the clustering structure. The analysis uses a clustering algorithm based on rough sets which is able to discover hybrid data (outliers and instances that are close enough to more than one cluster). In this paper, we examine the similarity measures influence on the overlapping regions as well. Since the standard data sets do not offer specific information regarding the overlapping areas, we also propose an approach for extracting this data in order to be used for benchmarking purposes. Experiments conducted on standard data sets outline the importance of the proper similarity measure selection.


Background: Arteriovenous malformations of the scalpconsist of abnormally connecting arterial feeding vessels anddraining veins that are devoid of a normal capillary bed withinthe subcutaneous fatty layer of the scalp. The name "cirsoid"in cirsoid aneurysm is derived from the Greek word kirsosmeaning varix or varicose vein. The en bloc excision of scalptissues affected by aneurysm is preferable to selective ligationof the feeding and draining vessels. Because the managementof cirsoid aneurysm is an elective procedure, it is best to usetissue expanders to create sufficient scalp flaps to reconstructthe site of the excised lesion in the first stage. Preoperativeembolization greatly reduces blood loss during resection.Aim of the Work: To present the successful managementof cirsoid aneurysms of the scalp using tissue expanders,endovascular occlusion, and en bloc excision.Material and Methods: Five patients who had presentedcirsoid aneurysms of the scalp (two temporoparietal, twofrontal, and one occipital) were managed successfully usingthree stages of intervention. The first stage was the applicationof one or two tissue expanders, in which expanders wereapplied under the normal (non-affected) scalp in the subgalealplane; expansion was then performed weekly for 3-4 months.The second stage involved endovascular occlusion throughendovascular neuroradiology. The third stage was performedthe day after occlusion and included en bloc excision, thedelivery of tissue expanders, and reconstruction of the site ofexcision using scalp flaps. The postoperative period wasuneventful. Six months to three years of following-up showedno recurrence.Conclusion:We conclude that the three-stage managementof large cirsoid aneurysms of the scalp (application of tissueexpanders, endovascular occlusion, then en bloc excision andreconstruction) provides excellent results.


A simple and reproducible procedure is described by which the autonomic nerve plexus in rat mesenteric arteries is revealed at a three-dimensional level, using scanning electron microscopy after HC1-hydrolysis.


Much of the literature on hashing deals with overflow handling (collision resolution) techniques and its analysis. What does all the analytical results mean in practice and how can they be achieved with practical files? This paper considers the problem of achieving analytical performance of hashing techniques in practice with reference to successful search lengths, unsuccessful search lengths and the expected worst case performance (expected length of the longest probe sequence). There has been no previous attempt to explicitly link the analytical results to performance of real life files. Also, the previously reported experimental results deal mostly with successful search lengths. We show why the well known division method performs "well" under a specific model of selecting the test file. We formulate and justify an hypothesis that by choosing functions from a particular class of hashing functions, the analytical performance can be obtained in practice on real life files. Experimental results presented strongly support our hypothesis. Several interesting problems arising are mentioned in conclusion.


For over four decades after independence in 1947, India's industrialization took place under a regime with an extensive system of controls over private capital. It is commonly believed that during this period of dirigisme, established dominant business families successfully manipulated the system to block competition from new firms and thereby perpetuated their dominance. This paper presents evidence to show that this perception conceals as much as it reveals. The process of industrialization between independence and the onset of liberalization in 1991 is actually marked by a combination of continuity with important shifts in the composition of Indian big business. The paper provides a framework for understanding this combination by revisiting the understanding of how business rivalry under Indian dirigisme actually worked. This is done by placing it within the context of dynamic industrialization and structural change, which unfolded within the specific economic, social and political realities of India. The paper shows that continuity and change amongst the leading private business enterprises had common roots in this competitive context.


Simulation and numerical computation of three-dimensional air flow and heat transfer in car radar chamber were carried out using computational fluid dynamics and heat transfer method.Three-dimensional physical model and mathematical model for air flow and heat transfer calculation was established.Three-dimensional simulation and numerical computation of air flow field and temperature field in certain car radar chamber was carried out using the turbulence model equations,unstructured grids and finite volume method.The purpose was to provide theoretical basis and technical guidance to improve the living environment of automotive radar.


Introduction by Benigno Trigo Part One: Discourse Chapter 1. The Ordered City, From The Lettered City by Angel Rama, Translated by John Charles Chasteen Chapter 2. The Lettered City: Power and Writing in Latin America, From Latin Americanism by Roman de la Campa Chapter 3. A Clearing in the Jungle: From Santa Monica to Macondo From Myth and Archive, by Roberto Gonzalez Echevarria Chapter 4. Bordering on Madness: The Licenciado Vidriera, Guillermo Gomez-Pena and the Performance of Liminality, by John Ochoa Part 2: Government Chapter 5. Love and Country: An Allegorical Speculation, From Foundational Fictions: The National Romances of Latin America, by Doris Sommer Chapter 6. From Liberty to Fatherland: Sacrifice and Dead Certainties in the Critical Discourses of Cuba, by Aida Beaupied Chapter 7. Governmentality and the Social Question: National Formation and Discipline, by Juan Poblete Chapter 8. Rendering the Invisible Visible and the Visible Invisible: The Colonizing Function of Bailey K. Ashford's Antianemia Campaigns, by Fernando Feliu Translated by Maria Elena Cepeda Part 3: Subjectivity Chapter 9. Thinking Subjectivity in Latin American Criticism, by Benigno Trigo Chapter 10. Subjectivity and Olavide's Sentimental Novels, by Fernando Unzueta Chapter 11. Author-(dys)function: Rereading I, Rigoberta Menchu, by Elzbieta Sklodowska Part 4: Sexuality Chapter 12. The Theatrics of Reading: Body and Book in Victorian Ocampo From At Face Value: Autobiographical Writing in Spanish America, by Sylvia Molloy Chapter 13. "One Nail Takes Out Another": Power, Gender and Revolution in Julia Alvarez's Novels, by Kelly Oliver Chapter 14. "Race Woman": Reproducing the Nation in Gabriela Mistral, by Licia Fiol-Matta Chapter 15. Sadomasochism in Paradiso: Bound Narratives and Pleasure, by B. Sifuentes Jauregui Bibliography Contributors Index


The (Re)habilitation Needs of the Older Non-disabled Handicapped Person: Expanding the Role of the Rehabilitation Professional Introduction Many older persons of our society may be considered handicapped. Because of the gap in community services to older persons (Benedict & Ganikos, 1981; Blake 1981; Bozarth, 1981; Bahcall & Bervin, 1986), and the attitudinal barriers and misconceptions this population faces (Harris & Associates, 1975; McTavish, 1971), they are susceptible to various stereotypes and negative attitudes that exist towards them which can produce handicapping effects (Benedict & Ganikos, 1981; Salmon, 1981; Thomas, 1981). Therefore, the individual may begin to assume a sick and dependent role, lose previously held coping skills, and label him/herself as deficient (Bengtson, 1973). At the beginning of this decade, Kleff (1980) examined past policies, programs, and services for persons who are elderly and gave his perception of future needs for older persons in the eighties and beyond. Emphasis was placed on the importance of developing innovative approaches and services to meet the medical, health, and social needs of older persons with the intent of educating society's perceptions of old age, and the perceptions of older persons themselves. The challenge to develop innovative approaches and services should be embraced by all rehabilitation professionals. Rehabilitation is the facilitative and restorative process which provides individuals with the services necessary to meet their fullest physical, mental, social, vocational and economic usefulness (Wright, 1980). Professionals in rehabilitation are the experts who possess the tools, the philosophy and ability to coordinate and/or assist in the delivery of such services (Barry, 1981). As such, we must seek to modify our current rehabilitative approaches and cultivate new strategies and approaches towards intervention (Barry, 1981; Blake, 1981; Williams, 1981; Bozarth, 1981; Bahcall & Bervin, 1986; Trieschmann, 1987) with the expectation of circumventing both physical and mental disabling conditions (Knight & Walker, 1985; Dowd & Dowd, 1981; Jernigan, 1981). Rehabilitation professionals must also become instrumental in equipping older persons with the tools necessary for dealing with their perceived handicapping conditions (Edinberg, 1985; Kleff, 1980). For the rehabilitation specialist, nontraditional or innovative rehabilitation programs might include those programs which: address the debilitating effects of ageism through service provision strategies, and are preventive in nature; embrace a total health maintenance orientation or approach (health, fitness, and rehabilitative needs); and offer services outside of traditional health care settings (e.g. hospitals, private office, community mental health center). Defining the Population A first step in establishing services for older non-disabled persons is that of defining the population. Many agencies and programs use 65 as their definition of aged (Blake, 1981). While one's chronological age is useful in determining eligibility for services, our greatest concern should be with capabilities or potential rather than with limitations set arbitrarily because of age (Blake, 1981). Therefore, in addition to chronological age, the older person is that individual who first accepts the stereotypes of aging or ageism, and then eventually experiences physical, emotional, and/or psychological breakdown as a result of that acceptance. Thus, losing previously held coping skills. Although necessary, chronological age is not an automatic prerequisite for classification. Rather, the emphasis is on the individual's attitude toward their own aging. The Need for Innovative Services For the rehabilitation professional, nontraditional or innovative rehabilitation programs might include those programs which are: 1) Preventative in nature. …


This article has been purposely compiled by a doctoral student and a professor in a health education professional preparation program. The intent is to represent nearly opposite ends of the experience spectrum while discussing the issue of professional health educators serving as role models. On one end of the spectrum is a student who has read literature to accomplish the assignments in her courses, begun holding dialogue with professional health educators on the Health Education Directory (HEDIR) electronic dis cussion list, and begun attending professional meetings. On the other end is a professor with more than 30 years of experience, more than 20 years of which were spent as a faculty member in professional preparation programs. The professor also has been employed in school and work site settings; provided leadership in the community setting through service on numerous boards of directors and committees; and provided extensive leadership in professional societies at local, state, regional, and national levels. From the perspective of the student, health educators should view role modeling as a responsibility inherent in the roles of teachers, leaders, and anyone with high public visibility. Although little evidence is actually presented in the literature of health education, the fields of education and psychology have numerous examples supported by the literature. Two key points must be made. First, health should be viewed as a dynamic process. A dedication and journey toward a healthy lifestyle, rather than just the final outcome, should be the emphasis. A true role model is one who might struggle like the rest of us to make healthy choices as opposed to one who has reached an inert pinnacle of health. Second, as health educators know well, the physical aspect is only one realm of the totality of health. Emotional, social, and spiritual health are equally important compo nents. These components are hard to define, harder to measure, and based on very individ ual values. The student postulates that few of us would have an equal distribution of com ponents such as spokes on a wheel. At times, it is necessary to focus more attention on one area than on others with the intention to return to attempted equality in the future. An example that readily springs to mind is the life of a commuting graduate student. Expand


Even Sets of Eight Rational Curves on a K3-surface.- 0 Introduction.- 1 Double Sextics with Eight Nodes.- 2 Double Sextics with Eight Tritangents.- 3 Quartic Surfaces with Eight Nodes.- 4 Quartic Surfaces with Eight Lines.- 5 Double Quadrics with Eight Nodes.- 6 Double Quadrics with Eight Double Tangents.- 7 Comments.- References.- A Reduction Map for Nef Line Bundles.- 1 Introduction.- 2 A Reduction Map for Nef Line Bundles.- 3 A Counterexample.- References.- Canonical Rings of Surfaces Whose Canonical System has Base Points.- 0 Introduction.- 1 Canonical Systems with Base Points.- 2 The Canonical Ring of Surfaces with K2 = 7, pg = 4 Birational to a Sextic: From Algebra to Geometry.- 3 The Canonical Ring of Surfaces with K2 = 7, pg = 4 Birational to a Sextic: Explicit Computations.- 4 An Explicit Family.- References.- Appendix 1.- Appendix 2.- Attractors.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Endomorphisms.- 3 Hyperbolic Diffeomorphisms.- 4 Holomorphic Endomorphisms of ?k.- References.- A Bound on the Irregularity of Abelian Scrolls in Projective Space.- 0 Introduction.- 1 Non-Existence of Scrolls.- 2 Existence of Scrolls.- References.- On the Frobenius Integrability of Certain Holomorphic p-Forms.- 1 Main Results.- 2 Proof of the Main Theorem.- References.- Analytic Moduli Spaces of Simple (Co)Framed Sheaves.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Preparations.- 3 Simple F-Coframed Sheaves.- 4 Proof of Theorem 1.1.- References.- Cycle Spaces of Real Forms of SLn(?).- 1 Background.- 2 Schubert Slices.- 3 Cycle Spaces of Open Orbits of SLn(?) and SLn(?).- References.- On a Relative Version of Fujita's Freeness Conjecture.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Review on the Hodge Bundles.- 3 Parabolic Structure in Several Variables.- 4 Base Change and a Relative Vanishing Theorem.- 5 Proof of Theorem 1.7.- References.- Characterizing the Projective Space after Cho, Miyaoka and Shepherd-Barron.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Setup.- 3 Proof of the Characterization Theorem.- References.- Manifolds With Nef Rank 1 Subsheaves in $$ \Omega_X^1 $$.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Generalities.- 3 The Case Where ?(X) = 1.- 4 The Case Where ?(X) = 0.- References.- The Simple Group of Order 168 and K3 Surfaces.- 0 Introduction.- 1 The Niemeier Lattices.- 2 Proof of the Main Theorem.- References.- A Precise L2 Division Theorem.- 0 Introduction.- 1 L2 Extension Theorem on Complex Manifolds.- 2 Extension and Division.- 3 Proof of Theorem.- References.- Irreducible Degenerations of Primary Kodaira Surfaces.- 0 Introduction.- 1 Smooth Kodaira Surfaces.- 2 D-semistable Surfaces with Trivial Canonical Class.- 3 Hopf Surfaces.- 4 Ruled Surfaces over Elliptic Curves.- 5 Rational Surfaces and Honeycomb Degenerations.- 6 The Completed Moduli Space and its Boundary.- References.- Extension of Twisted Pluricanonical Sections with Plurisubharmonic Weight and Invariance of Semipositively Twisted Plurigenera for Manifolds Not Necessarily of General Type.- 0 Introduction.- 1 Review of Existing Argument for Invariance of Plurigenera.- 2 Global Generation of Multiplier Ideal Sheaves with Estimates.- 3 Extension Theorems of Ohsawa-Takegoshi Type from Usual Basic Estimates with Two Weight Functions.- 4 Induction Argument with Estimates.- 5 Effective Version of the Process of Taking Powers and Roots of Sections.- 6 Remarks on the Approach of Generalized Bergman Kernels.- References.- Base Spaces of Non-Isotrivial Families of Smooth Minimal Models.- 1 Differential Forms on Moduli Stacks.- 2 Mild Morphisms.- 3 Positivity and Ampleness.- 4 Higgs Bundles and the Proof of 1.4.- 5 Base Spaces of Families of Smooth Minimal Models.- 6 Subschemes of Moduli Stacks of Canonically Polarized Manifolds.- 7 A Vanishing Theorem for Sections of Symmetric Powers of Logarithmic One Forms.- References.- Uniform Vector Bundles on Fano Manifolds and an Algebraic Proof of Hwang-Mok Characterization of Grassmannians.- 0 Introduction.- 1 M-Uniform Manifolds.- 2 Atiyah Extension and Twisted Trivial Bundles.- 3 Characterization of Grassmann Manifolds.- 4 Characterization of Isotropic Grassmann Manifolds.- References.


In the world of clustering methodology, there exists a plethora of options. The choice becomes especially important when the number of clusters is not known a priori. Methods to handle missing data also have vast variation and these choices are often made based on the data missing mechanism. In this paper we seek to investigate the intersection of both these situations: Clustering, where one of the major objectives is cluster discovery, and doing so in the presence of missing values. Model-based clustering estimates the structure of clusters, (number, size and distribution of clusters) using likelihood approaches. Likelihood methods also allow researchers to gain information from incomplete observations. In the following work, we will investigate adaptations of these likelihood estimations to infer cluster information about a given data set. Model-based clustering becomes the focal point because of the objectivity in cluster discovery, and for continuous data, its multivariate Gaussian density assumptions can be an asset to handling the problem of missing data. An algorithm that utilises marginal multivariate Gaussian densities for assignment probabilities, was developed and tested versus more conventional ways of model-based clustering for incomplete data. These conventional methods included multiple imputation and using complete observations only. Assumptions of the data missing mechanism were important and taken into consideration during the testing of these methods. These assumptions were especially important for the model-based method when parameters had to be updated. All methods were tested using simulated data as well as real life publicly available data. It was found that for cases with many observations, the complete case and multiple imputation have advantages over the marginal density method due to the increased availbiltity of disposable information and borrowable information respectively. Dimensionality and cluster separation were also important factors. Multiple Imputation was the preferred method when our data structure was more complicated (high dimensions, high cluster overlap), however in simpler settings, the marginal method worked best. The marginal method also showed significant promise in classifying observations to their clusters. The marginal method can be further adapted by making more robust parameter estimates and is discussed in this paper.


Every day many doctors face events and decisions that are emotionally demanding as they are inevitably concerned with the intimate aspects of people's lives. By controlling their own feelings doctors are expected to help and comfort others. So, not surprisingly, many doctors participate in the creative arts, which they find a rewarding and therapeutic alternative to their demanding and stressful professional lives. Some years ago we realised that many Danish doctors shared this view and we founded the Danish Medical Doctors' Arts Association with the idea of gathering together doctors with a common interest in the arts and spreading this interest among our colleagues.


The author reconstructs the history of the implementation of the Odelouca Dam in the Algarve in a Natura 2000 area, viewing it in the context of Southern European coastal development. He looks at the dynamics leading up to the construction of the dam, and illustrates the persistence of the hydraulic paradigm in Portugal and the way it has been moulded by shifting European policymaking paradigms—namely, ecological modernisation (EM). Political aspects of EM are discussed because they seem to play an important role in legitimising the construction of the dam at a European level. The author assesses the policy measures and the policy outcome of the policy package associated with the Odelouca Dam and discusses whether EM in this case can be considered to have reached the stage of ecological structural policy. At the systemic level, the analysis shows deliberate, symbolic, and unintended policy contradictions. Assessment of EM policies requires careful attention to the scale of assessment, as partial EM runs the risk of contributing to aggravating overall resource pressure, as the case study illustrates. The Portuguese National Water Authority is the dominant actor in the implementation of the dam. The European Union's Regional Funding facilitated its construction, and European environmental policy provided checks and balances that were exploited by environmental NGOs. Nevertheless, the key to success of the EM—to turn around resource-use patterns in the long run—lies with national actors. In the case of the Algarve, they seem to have failed.


Abstract
 Life-history aspects of Thoburnia rhothoeca (Torrent Sucker) were investigated using specimens from the Roanoke College Ichthyological Collection and from recent collections to examine age, growth, food habits, and reproductive cycle. The largest specimen collected was a female aged 37 months, of 165.1 mm standard length and 73.73 g total weight. Spawning occurs from February to May, with a mean of 782.6 mature oocytes, and an oocyte diameter of up to 2.02 mm. Sexual maturity is reached at 1–2 years of age, with a maximum lifespan of between 3 and 4 years. Chironomidae and detritus composed the bulk of the diet. Mass, number, and variety of food items peaked in spring and early summer.


The rapid development and popularization of gene detection and targeted drugs in the past decade have gradually changed the treatment strategy of brain metastasis of lung cancer and improved the survival of patients with brain metastasis (BM). More and more studies use sequencing technology to explore the mechanism of brain metastasis and provide theoretical basis for clinical decision-making radiotherapy, the traditional treatment mode of brain metastasis has been delayed because of its greater toxicity and side effects. Targeted therapy has been given priority because of its advantages in brain metastasis. This review summarizes current landscape mentioned above and provides possible treatment strategies based on available evidence.

Key words:
Brain metastases; Non-small cell lung cancer; Whole brain radiotherapy; Targeted therapy


When the limb of a normal subject is compressed by means of a sphygmomanometer cuff, placed on the upper arm and inflated to a pressure beyond the systolic blood pressure, a series of spontaneous sensations are felt in it during and after the release of the vascular occlusion. These sensations felt in the periphery, and collectively referred to as 'pins and needles', have attracted the attention of several investigators, including Lewis, Pickering and Rothschild (1931), Zotterman (1933), Kugelberg (1944, 1946), Weddell and Sinclair (1947), Merrington and Nathan (1949), Poole (1956a, b), and Nathan (1958). The available evidence suggests that the impulses giving rise to ischaemic and post-ischaemic paraesthesiae arise in the sensory nerves of the limb. There is, however, no consensus of opinion concerning the mechanisms underlying the production of paraesthesiae, and the nature of the sensory nerve fibres involved. Weddell and Sinclair (1947) believed that the post-ischaemic paraesthesiae are due to the stimulation of peripheral nerve endings in the area in which they are felt, and that a greater proportion of the impulses thus aroused are conveyed in the afferent somatic fibres normally subserving the sensation of pain. Merrington and Nathan (1949), however, were of opinion that the nerve impulses felt as paraesthesiae arise in the nerve trunks recovering from the ischaemia, and not in the end organs, and that the fibres concerned are those normally serving the sensations of touch, pressure, and movement. The evidence suggests that the effect is primarily a vascular one. The ischaemic paraesthesiae are felt during a particular phase of the ischaemic process, while an adequate period of ischaemia must be followed by an adequate period ofnormal circulation before the nerve becomes the site of the postischaemic paraesthesiae. Kugelberg (1944, 1946) demonstrated an increase in the excitability of human motor nerves at a time when the postischaemic paraesthesiae were maximal, and showed that the spontaneous activity in these motor nerves arose when their excitability was raised to a critical value, and that the spontaneous activity ceased when the excitability fell below the critical level. Kugelberg and Cobb (1951) observed that the repetitive tendency and hyperexcitability of the motor nerves were greatly augmented by hyperventilation and hypocalcaemia, and b,lieved that this relationship to changes in the ionic environment of the nerve would explain the large range of variations in the reaction of normal subjects to ischaemic and post-ischaemic states. Nathan (1958) suggested that some Group A sensory nerve fibres may behave in a similar fashion -that after a few minutes of ischaemia they become sufficiently hyperexcitable for the fibres to fire off spontaneously, giving rise to the sensation of ischaemic paraesthesiae. A similar phase of hyperexcitability is believed to occur after the restoration of blood supply to the nerve, this phase lasting longer and being more intense than that occurring during the ischaemic phase. Poole (1956a, b) showed that the occurrence of paraesthesiae, especially those felt during the postischaemic period, is remarkably constant in its time of onset and duration in healthy subjects between the ages of 12 and 60 years. They were, however, absent or diminished in intensity in a group of subjects who had evidence of peripheral sensory nerve disease. The experiments described below were designed to investigate this hypothesis, by studying the changes of excitability that occurred in the sensory nerve fibres of the distal segment of the median nerve during and after a period of complete vascular occlusion.


Introduction: 2D Tagging acquisition of the orbit during eye movement have proven to give new inside into the mechanical properties of orbital tissues,[1] and to be a valuable tool for investigating diseases etiologies.[2] 3D tagging acquisition have been shown to be feasible in a scantime short enough to enable motion reproducibility.[3] Nevertheless, the missing of an appropriate postprocessing tool impeached the extraction of quantitative information from 3D tagging data of the orbit. To obtain quantitative information out of tagging data, tissue landmarks have to be tracked over the acquired time frames. Image noise and movement artifacts can disrupt the stability of the tracking procedure. Up to now only model-based multi-2D postprocessing methods allowed to obtain 3D quantitative information.[4,5] The model used may not apply in pathological cases. We present here a model-free method enabling to quantify out of 3D tagging data the inhomogeneous deformation along extraocular muscles.


The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is investigating unpublished data suggesting that incretin mimetics used to treat type 2 diabetes may increase the risk of pancreatitis or precancerous changes in the pancreas


This paper proposes a robust control strategy for optimizing the maximum power captured in Wind Energy Conversion Systems (WECS) based on permanent magnet synchronous generators (PMSG), which is integrated into the grid. In order to achieve the maximum power point (MPPT) the machine side converter regulates the rotational speed of the PMSG to track the optimal speed. To evaluate the performance and effectiveness of the proposed controller, a comparative study between the IBC control and the vector control based on PI controller was carried out through computer simulation. This analysis consists of two case studies including stochastic variation in wind speed and step change in wind speed.


It has been recently reported in the literature that corrosion rate appears to be a function of deposited aerosol drop size under field and lab simulated marine conditions for steel. It is postulated that this may be due to geometric limitations on oxygen diffusion or the underlying metal microstructure and the probability of covering a metallurgical defect, which can initiate active corrosion. However, empirical data are insufficient to establish a strong, quantitative correlation between drop size and corrosion rate. The ability to further examine this phenomenon requires rigorously controlled drop deposition on the micron level to quantitatively understand drop size and geometry effects. This research focused on the development and use of a novel methodology to study corrosion under aqueous electrolyte drops ranging in diameter from 201000μm, the most common aerosol size range found in coastal marine environments. The objective of this work was to examine the relationship between drop size and corrosion attack of bare low carbon steel under simulated atmospheric marine conditions. For this work, a drop-on-demand inkjet printer was custom built by coupling a commercial jetting device with a programmable two-axis stage. The printer is capable of producing drops of a variety of sizes in the picoliter volume range and allows for the creation of arrays of electrolyte drops on metal substrates. Singular droplets of aqueous sodium chloride were deposited on a polished 1010 steel coupon followed by exposure to 75% relative humidity for 24 hours. Following the isohumidity exposure, optical microscopy and SEM/EDS were used to analyze the corrosion product and secondary salt spreading. The corrosion product was then removed and subsequent damage evaluation of the surface was conducted using surface profilometry. It was found that, in general, the volume loss increased with drop diameter according to a power law. Various corrosion attack morphologies were observed; attack was primarily filiform for drops 20-100μm in diameter whereas deep, separate pits formed under drops 300-1000μm in diameter. Filiform attack is characterized by shallow pits that initiate under and then extend to outside the initial drop area. Corrosion always occurred for drops greater than 150μm in diameter, but was not consistently observed under drops in the 20-100μm range. The fraction of drops that showed no corrosion increased with decreasing drop size below 100μm in diameter. However, when drops smaller than 100μm did corrode, they were found to have the greatest volume loss compared to their salt loading density. This result suggests that a given volume of electrolyte would cause more damage if it were deposited in the form of numerous small droplets instead of one large drop of equivalent salt loading. These findings will be discussed with respect to microstructure and oxygen diffusion behavior. All drops exhibited secondary salt spreading except for those in the 20-80μm range where it occurred sparingly. Drops that did not have spreading did not appear to corrode. The salt spreading radius increased linearly with the drop diameter in the 20-200μm range. At drop diameters greater than 200μm, the spreading radius did not increase significantly, reaching an upper limit of approximately 3.5 millimeters. Sodium-containing needle-like crystal deposits were found at the perimeter of salt spreading regions, indicating that this location was the site of a net cathodic reaction. The results from this study indicate that the manner and geometry in which salt is deposited onto a surface will significantly affect the volume loss along with the mode of attack during the initial stages of corrosion. From a scientific standpoint, the methodology developed here enables the study of aerosol-driven atmospheric corrosion through controlled electrolyte deposition and damage evaluation at resolutions oftentimes considered challenging to achieve. From a technical standpoint, service life prediction approaches including accelerated testing have the potential to more accurately simulate natural atmospheres if electrolyte geometry is taken into account.


Background PF-06438179/GP1111 (GP1111) is an infliximab (IFX) biosimilar in development for the treatment of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The efficacy, safety and immunogenicity of GP1111 and European reference IFX (IFX-EU) have been reported to be similar over 30 weeks (Wks). Objectives To evaluate the efficacy, safety and immunogenicity of GP1111 and IFX-EU with longer-term treatment, and after treatment transition from IFX-EU to GP1111. Methods A randomised, double-blind, parallel-group study compared GP1111 with IFX-EU in biologic-naïve, adult patients with moderate-to-severe active RA on a stable dose of methotrexate (MTX). Patients were randomised (1:1) to GP1111 or IFX-EU (3 mg/kg IV at Wks 0, 2, 6, and then every 8 wks, with one dose escalation to 5 mg/kg allowed at or after Wk 14 for inadequate responders) for 30 weeks (treatment period 1). The primary endpoint was a≥20% improvement in ACR response (ACR20) at Wk 14. At Wk 30 (treatment period 2 [TP2]), patients receiving IFX-EU were blindly re-randomised (1:1) to remain on IFX-EU or transition to GP1111 for 24 wks. Here we report longer-term efficacy, safety and immunogenicity data from Wks 30–54. Results 650 patients were randomised initially (GP1111, n=324; IFX-EU, n=326). At Wk 30, 566 patients entered TP2 (continued GP1111, n=280; continued IFX-EU, n=143; switched from IFX-EU to GP1111, n=143). ACR20 rates and DAS28-CRP scores were comparable between groups at all TP2 visits after re-randomisation in the TP2 population (figure 1). Incidences of TP2 treatment-emergent adverse events (AEs) (36.8%, 33.6%, and 37.8%), serious AEs (4.6%, 7.7% and 2.8%) and infusion-related reactions (3.2%, 8.4% and 4.2%) were comparable between the GP1111/GP1111, IFX-EU/IFX-EU, and IFX-EU/GP1111 groups, respectively. Pre-dose ADA rates at Wk 30 (TP2) were 47.1%, 53.8% and 45.5% for the GP1111/GP1111, IFX-EU/IFX-EU, and IFX-EU/GP1111 groups, respectively. Overall, post-dose ADA rates in TP2 were comparable between groups (52.1%, 60.1%, and 58.0% respectively).Abstract FRI0137 – Figure 1 ACR20 response rate and change in DAS28-CRP score at Wk 30 and 54 for the overall population during TP2 Conclusions Results from TP2 (Wks 30–54) continued to show the absence of clinically meaningful differences in efficacy, safety and immunogenicity between patients with RA remaining on GP1111 or IFX-EU, or when blindly switched from IFX-EU to GP1111. Disclosure of Interest R. Alten Grant/research support from: Pfizer Inc., Consultant for: Pfizer Inc., Speakers bureau: Pfizer Inc., V. Tseluyko Speakers bureau: Pfizer Inc., AstraZeneca, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Servier, Sanofi, Takeda, KRKA, T. Hala: None declared, S. Mehmedagic: None declared, M. Pileckyte: None declared, E. Dokoupilová: None declared, D. Jovic: None declared, M. Rehman Shareholder of: Proctor and Gamble, Employee of: Pfizer Inc., M. Zhang Shareholder of: Pfizer Inc., Employee of: Pfizer Inc., L. Sewell Shareholder of: Pfizer Inc., Employee of: Pfizer Inc., S. Hackley Shareholder of: Pfizer Inc., Employee of: Pfizer Inc., S. Salts Shareholder of: Pfizer Inc., Mirati Therapeutics, Employee of: Pfizer Inc., C. Cronenberger Shareholder of: Pfizer Inc., Employee of: Pfizer Inc., K. Schumacher Shareholder of: Novartis, Employee of: Sandoz Biopharmaceuticals, O. von Richter Employee of: Sandoz Biopharmaceuticals, B. Batko Consultant for: Pfizer Inc., Sandoz, MSD


A goal in the analysis of epidemiological or clinical data is often the estimation of a dose-response relationship for semicontinuous risk factors which are composed of positive continuous values and zeros. Typical examples in cancer or cardiovascular disease epidemiology are occupational exposures, e.g. asbestos exposure or alcohol and tobacco consumption where a proportion of individuals may be completely unexposed, and the exposure of those who have been exposed follows a continuous distribution. There are both statistical problems, and problems with regard to interpretation arising from this situation. Recently, the spike at zero (SAZ) situation has been considered using an extended fractional polynomial (FP) approach. In earlier research, the correct model under some specific assumptions on univariate continuous distributions was derived and expanded by investigating the correct dose-response curve for a SAZ situations and univariate normal, log-normal and gamma distribution of the positive part of X. Theoretical results from this thesis show that even the presumably simple case of two bivariate normally distributed covariates with two variables with SAZ poses some methodological challenges. An important part of modelling SAZ variables is the frequency of zeros and its relation to other covariates. One particular problem is that the four cell distribution (4CD) of two SAZ variables has effects on two levels, the (Spearman) correlation between the positive values of the continuous variables and the OR between binary indicators. Another issue is the correct way to combine variables for investigating an interaction. Depending on the 4CD, it is necessary to include up to three binary indicators into the model, as zero observations in one, the other, and both SAZ variables. An analytical derivation for this situation is presented. For more than two SAZ variables, the situation becomes even more complicated. A practical issue is discussed, namely whether for real data such a complicated model, even theoretically justified, is required or whether a simpler model is sufficient to describe the data. In order to give practical recommendations for realistic scenarios, two simulation studies were performed. Results from the first simulation study in the Cox PH


Steelmaking slag is one of the major by-products generated during the steelmaking process; thus the stable utilization of steelmaking slag is essential to establishing a sustainable steelmaking process and maintaining a stable steelmaking operation. Steelmaking slag has been mainly consumed as concrete aggregate, roadbed material, and so on. However, such application of steelmaking slag as an alternative material of natural stone would shrink in near future in Japan because of the saturated development of society and declining public works. To maintain the steelmaking process, the stable recycling of steelmaking slag is an essential condition.


W have witnessed in the current era of significant advances in both clinical research, therapeutics, and biotechnology, a considerable increase in global life expectancy, which according to the WHO/PAHO, went from 66.8 years in 2000 to 75.5 in 2022.1 Mexico is no exception, with an increase in life expectancy from 71 in 1990 to 74.4 years in 2022.2 However, the leading causes of death remain unchanged. In this regard, cardiovascular diseases have occupied the top lethal positions for decades, constituting significant public health problems and originating enormous socioeconomic costs in Mexico, as it happens worldwide.3-5 In our country, heart disease is and has been the first general cause of mortality, except in the worst years of the COVID-19 pandemic, when this disease competed with heart disease for the first place as a cause of death. However, with the significant decrease in cases and diseases of this viral infection last year, heart disease has the undisputed first place in the general mortality table in all ages and genders.6 Among the main factors causing an increase in mortality from all causes and a range of cardiovascular diseases, stand out both the sedentary lifestyle and physical inactivity,7 which despite their relevance in public health and their wide daily use, they are still used interchangeably in the wrong way, as are other terms, such as exercise. This fact reveals the remarkable lack of knowledge in general and the little diffusion on the subject, even among cardiologists. A sedentary lifestyle or sedentary behavior is defined as the predominance in the daily life of actions in wakefulness with an energy expenditure of ≤ 1.5 METs when sitting, reclining, or lying down. Physical activity is any body movement produced by skeletal muscle that causes energy expenditure. A physically inactive person performs less than 150 minutes of moderate-intensity activity per week or equivalent.7 A MET (metabolic equivalent of task) is the amount of oxygen consumed while the individual is sitting at rest (about 3.5 milliliters of oxygen per kilogram of body weight per minute). A MET represents the intensity of the activity carried out and allows the estimation of the physical functional capacity of a person since it expresses energy expenditure during the physical effort.8 On the other hand, it should be noted that exercise is a particular form of physical activity that is planned, structured, and repetitive, with an intermediate or final end, and that requires the obtaining or maintaining of physical aptitude («fitness») and cardiopulmonary, musculoskeletal, and general health.9 Functional capacity, also called exercise tolerance (or colloquially named «physical condition»), is defined by the WHO as a measure of the ability of the body to function efficiently and effectively in occupational and recreational activities, being physiologically defined by the maximal oxygen consumption (VO2 max), that is, the product of cardiac output and the arteriovenous oxygen difference (Q * cA-cVO2). 10 The VO2 max is the limiting capacity of the body to absorb, distribute and use oxygen. This gas is indispensable in the aerobic mitochondrial generation of ATP in the performance of physical activity for more than 4-5 minutes.11-13 Editorial


Cathode materials of LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 doped with several ions (anion-cation) were prepared by co-precipitated method.X-ray diffration(XRD) results show that LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 has a better-layered structure after doping with the anion-cation. Electrochemical performance was investigated by galvanostatic charge-discharge experiment and electrochemical impedance spectrum (EIS). It exhibits that the first discharge capacity enhances and cycling property is improved. The increase of the electrochemical reaction impedance of cathode is also restrained during cycling.


This paper reports the fading studies of natural salt (local name Lungvai Chi) extracted from salty water springs in Mizoram, India. Study is important as Mizoram possess one of the highest number of cancer patients in India in the ratio of population. XRD of the sample confirmed the presence of NaCl. The sample was irradiated with gamma radiation using Theratron machine fitted with cobalt-60 source and TL studies were carried out using TLD reader TL1009I. The fading study is made up to 96 hours with three readings at 1.5 hours, 48 hours and 96 hours after gamma irradiation. The samples were annealed at 110 C for 90 min and allowed to cool down slowly to room temperature. The sample powder each 20 mg were irradiated with Co 60 gamma rays to a dose of 2.0 Gy. TL studies indicate that Mizoram natural salt may be a candidate for low radiation dose-meter.


In September 2009,in Shaanxi Province Boolean sheep breeding center,85 Boer goat embryos cryopreserved in liquid nitrogen for 8 years were thawed,cultured,and 80 matched embryos(45 good,35 subprime) were transferred into 31 Guanzhong dairy goats respectively according to the rehydration status 27 foster goats were confirmed pregnancy,at last 26 foster goats produced 34 lambs(9 male and 24 female),the pregnancy rate was 87.1%(27/31);lambing 33(9 male and 24 female),of which 8 goats produced twins,average birth weight of lamb was 3.22 kg(male 3.31 kg and femlae 3.19 kg),the survival rate was 93.9%.


Extending results of Oh and Zumbrun in dimensions d ≥ 3, we establish nonlinear stability and asymptotic behavior of spatially periodic traveling-wave solutions of viscous systems of conservation laws in critical dimensions d =1 , 2, under a natural set of spectral stability assumptions introduced by Schneider in the setting of reaction diffusion equations. The key new steps in the analysis beyond that in dimensions d ≥ 3 are a refined Green function estimate separating off translation as the slowest decaying linear mode and a novel scheme for detecting cancellation at the level of the nonlinear iteration in the Duhamel representation of a modulated periodic wave.


A system ADS study program has been proposed and organized by Chinese Academy of Sciences. As part of the study program, concept design of a 10mA 1.5GeV Continue Wave (CW) superconducting proton linac has been started in the Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP). In this paper the design of the 325MHz part of this linac, which is composed of a room temperature Radio Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ), eight 4-cell room temperature Cross bar H-type (CH) cavities and three kinds of spoke cavities with total number of 78, is presented. The main parameters and detailed beam dynamic simulation results of the CH and spoke section are introduced.


Harvey is an ambitious project, combining cutting edge digital compositing/ animation techniques with a poetic metaphorical tail about loneliness and incompleteness.The main character, Harvey, has been cut brutally in half from head to groin, down the centre of his body, yet he remains very much alive. The film follows the macabre results of his obsessive relationship with his mysterious neighbour.Combinations of actors shot with blue chroma make-up, heavy inferno mat work and the insertion of 3D geometry using softimage where all used to create the fantastically surreal and macabrely horrifying images in this film. Copyright held by creator.


creatinine have been documented. No other significant terbinafine-related changes in haematological or biochemical tests have been reported. " ''•' We believe the renal impairment in our patient is drug related. There is no other apparent cause. One possible mechanism is a drug-induced interstitial nephritis. The absence of other features of a hypersensitivity reaction in our patient does not exclude this diagnosis as impairment of renal function may be the only manifestation." Another potential mechanism for terbinafine-induced nephrotoxicity involves its mechanism of action. Terbinafine inhibits the enzyme squalene epoxidase in cell membranes. This causes an intracellular accumulation of squalene and a reduction in the biosynthesis of ergosterol in fungal membranes.^ High concentrations of squalene are believed to interfere with fungal membrane function and cell wall synthesis.'' Furthermore, terbinafine binds weakly to cytochrome P-450 enzymes.' The exact effect of terbinafine in the mitochondrial-rich renal tubules is unknown. Interference with mitochondrial function may iilTect the energy dependent electrolyte transport mechaiitsms and cell membrane dysfunction may have a significant impact on tubular permeability. These effects may increase the delivery of solutes and fiuid volume to the distal tubule or macula densa and thus activate the tuhuloglomeruUir feedback mechanism. Renal autoregulatioii results in afferent arteriole vasoconstriction. reduced glomerular filtration, and renal impairment.


Business analytics techniques help mine and analyze business/financial data. For instance, a structural support vector machine (SSVM) can be used to perform classification on complex inputs such as the nodes of a graph structure. We connect collaborating companies in the information technology sector in an undirected graph and use an SSVM to predict positive or negative movement in their stock prices. By using a minimum graph-cutting algorithm to drive the cutting plane optimization problem of the SSVM, an exact solution is achieved in polynomial time. The learned model exploits the associative relationship between the prices of the collaborating companies to outperform the accuracy of a regular SVM. Experiments were conducted using the companies in the Standard and Poor's 500-45 Information Technology Sector index. Trades based on the learned model achieved superior returns in the range of 10% to 17% while tracking the index alone over the same time periods yielded returns in the range of -17% to 9%.


Since September 11, 2001, intelligence gathered from Al Qaeda training camps in Afghanistan, and the ensuing terrorist activities, indicates nuclear material security concerns are valid. This paper reviews available information on sealed radioactive sources thought to be of interest to terrorists, and then examines typical wastes generated during environmental management activities to compare their comparative 'attractiveness' for terrorist diversion. Sealed radioactive sources have been evaluated in numerous studies to assess their security and attractiveness for use as a terrorist weapon. The studies conclude that tens of thousands of curies in sealed radioactive sources are available for potential use in a terrorist attack. This risk is mitigated by international efforts to find lost and abandoned sources and bring them under adequate security. However, radioactive waste has not received the same level of scrutiny to ensure security. This paper summarizes the activity and nature of radioactive sources potentially available to international terrorists. The paper then estimates radiation doses from use of radioactive sources as well as typical environmental restoration or decontamination and decommissioning wastes in a radioactive dispersal device (RDD) attack. These calculated doses indicate that radioactive wastes are, as expected, much less of a health risk than radioactive sources. The differencemore » in radiation doses from wastes used in an RDD are four to nine orders of magnitude less than from sealed sources. We then review the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) definition of 'dangerous source' in an adjusted comparison to common radioactive waste shipments generated in environmental management activities. The highest waste dispersion was found to meet only category 1-3.2 of the five step IAEA scale. A category '3' source by the IAEA standard 'is extremely unlikely, to cause injury to a person in the immediate vicinity'. The obvious conclusion of the analysis is that environmental management generated radioactive wastes have substantially less impact than radioactive sources if dispersed by terrorist-induced explosion or fire. From a health standpoint, the impact is very small. However, there is no basis to conclude that wastes are totally unattractive for use in a disruptive or economic damage event. Waste managers should be cognizant of this potential and take measures to ensure security of stored waste and waste shipments. (authors)« less


Michael Jackson became a world-renowned pop music icon in the course of his career. His itinerary and above all what he showed in his music videos enable us to highlight two key aspects illustrating the impasse of the elaboration of the adolescent processes overlaying a failure to integrate the genital body: the failure of sex-differentiated encounter with an underlying phobia for women and the fetishization of the body through the choice of isolated organs as a way of preserving the omnipotent infantile body associated with the disavowal of castration.


Hydrolytic degradation of PLA was studied, and a comparison was made between samples molded using vibration-assisted injection molding (VAIM) technology and those through conventional injection molding. Data from an earlier study is revisited to observe hydrolytic degradation effects by analyzing thermal, spectroscopic, molecular weight, and tensile strength trends. The trends show that degradation causes an apparent decrease in crystal order, reduction in molecular chain length and weight. Comparison between molding cases shows that VAIM results in a relatively higher strength of molded PLA, with apparently a more ordered crystal structure. It is interesting to note however that comparison in data trends as degradation of the samples proceeds throughout the study does not show any significant differences between VAIM and conventionally molded PLA, especially in terms of changes in thermal and spectroscopic data.


Rudolf SLAVICEK died in Vienna (Austria) on the first of January this year at the age of 93. He was serene, with a sense of accomplishment. He was an inspiring, tireless, strong-willed man, inventor and philanthropist. He devoted his life to the mastery of integrated occlusion in oral functions, acquiring a world reputation. His many scientific contributions will not only not fade away, but will grow: so, he will not disappear.


The Permian-Triassic Khuff carbonates were deposited during a major marine transgression on the Arabian Plate. The Khuff Formation is made up of four subsurface members: stratigraphically D, C, B and A. In Ghawar field, the Late Permian 270-foot-thick Khuff C carbonates contain three reservoir-bearing high-resolution sequences: Khuff C1 to Khuff C3 (KC1 to KC3). The reservoir facies indicate heterogeneity in rock fabric and reservoir quality. Lithological and porosity-based stratigraphy does not necessarily honor the time-equivalent relationships of different rock and reservoir facies. Taking a sequence stratigraphic approach to defining reservoir architecture, however, presents a temporal framework within which porosity can be tied to depositional and diagenetic facies. Hence, predictive mapping of porosity within layers of time-equivalent heterogeneous facies is possible. It also provides a stratigraphic architecture that is much better suited to the analysis of diagenesis and related geological events that altered sediments and impacted both primary and secondary porosity development. The Late Permian Khuff C sequences are defined by their bounding, Ghawar-wide, disconformities/sequence boundaries. The transgressive and highstand systems tracts (TST and HST) and component cycle sets for each sequence are mappable along the length of Ghawar field. Exposure surfaces in core are defined by pedogenic features, which can be identified on gammaray logs. This identification allowed mapping of the


When evaluating potential use patterns of new aquatic herbicides, it is important to determine effects on target as well as nontarget vegetation. Small-scale primary screens that provide data on the relative sensitivity of a species to a given herbicide or herbicide use rate can be used to enhance the design of more-costly and time-consuming, large-scale, growth-chamber and mesocosm studies. Flumioxazin (2-[7-fluoro-3,4-dihydro-3-oxo-4-(2-propynyl)-2H1,4-benzoxazin-6-yl]-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-isoindole1,3(2H)-dione) and carfentrazone-ethyl (ethyl a,2-dichloro5-[4-(difluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydro-3-methyl-5-oxo-1H-1,2,4triazol-1-yl]-4-fluorobenzenepropanoate) are protoporphyrinogen oxidase (protox)–inhibiting herbicides recently registered by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) for use in aquatic sites. These protox inhibitors disrupt chlorophyll synthesis and result in formation of oxygen radicals that damage cell membranes, causing them to leak cell contents. This leakage of electrolytes was measured and used to determine herbicide injury following exposure to protox inhibitors. Electrolyte leakage was measured at 5 d posttreatment for 15 submersed aquatic plant species exposed to flumioxazin at 0, 200, and 400 l ga i L � 1 (0, 0.0000265, and 0.000053 ppb) and to carfentrazoneethyl at 0 and 200 l ga i L � 1 in small-scale laboratory assays. In these assays, flumioxazin significantly increased electrolyte leakage for coontail (Ceratophyllum demersum L.) and curlyleaf pondweed (Potamogeton crispus L.). Eurasian watermilfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum L.), fanwort (Cabomba caroliniana Gray), hydrilla [Hydrilla verticillata (L. f.) Royle], longbeak buttercup (Ranunculus longirostris Godr.), springtape (Sagittaria kurziana Gluck), variable watermilfoil (Myriophyllum heterophyllum Michx.), and waterstargrass [Heteranthera dubia (Jacq.) MacM.]. Species that were not significantly affected by flumioxazin included American pondweed (Potamogeton nodosus Poir.), common elodea (Elodea canadensis Michx.), Illinois pondweed (Potamogeton illinoensis Morong), sago pondweed [Stuckenia pectinatus (L.) Boerner], southern naiad [Najas guadalupensis (Spreng.) Magnus], and American eelgrass (Vallisneria americana Michx.). Of the species tested, carfentrazone-ethyl only increased electrolyte leakage of coontail, Eurasian watermilfoil, and variable watermilfoil.


A substrate (4), in particular consisting of a non-metallic material is coated as follows: - a coating material (2) is deposited onto a carrier film (3) consisting of polyethylene terephthalate by means of physical vapour deposition, - the carrier film (3) that is provided with the coating material (2) is contacted with a substrate (4) to be coated, - coating material (2) is partially transferred by laser irradiation from the carrier film (3) to the substrate (4), - the carrier film (3) together with the non-transferred material (2) is removed from the substrate (4).


The article represents the estimation methodology of condition-based maintenance of aerial vehicul feasibility study taking into account alpha and beta errors. The dependence charts of operating efficiency and vehicle operating costs per hour of work in good condition from the basic parameters of exploitation model for typical operating conditions are shown.


Perceptions and Expressions of Social Presence During Conversations on Twitter. (December 2011) Kelly Marie Pritchett, B.S., Texas A&M University Co-Chairs of Advisory Committee: Dr.Traci L. Naile Dr.Theresa Pesl Murphrey Computer-mediated environments such as social media create new social climates that impact communication interactions in un-mediated environments. This study examined social variables during conversations on Twitter through a qualitative document analysis that coded messages into affective, interactive or cohesive categories. Perceived social presence, participant satisfaction, and relationships between social presence and satisfaction among Twitter users during streaming conversations were examined through an online questionnaire that was created using qualtrics.com and made available to respondents over a one-week period. The researcher concluded that most social variables in the Twitter conversations of this study fall into the interactive social presence category. In addition, each category of responses functions in a different way to foster social presence. Two groups of survey respondents agreed with 10 out of 21 and 13 out of 21 statements about social presence and 10 out of 13 and 12 out of 13 statements about satisfaction. Findings indicated that positive and negative relationships exist between social presence and satisfaction.


Concavity arguments have been used by Knops, Levine and Payne [1] to discuss evolutionary properties of weak solutions to an abstract non-linear differential equation in a Hilbert space. These authors demonstrate that provided the non-linearity is suitably restricted and for specified initial data, the norm of the solution becomes unbounded in a finite time. In other words, the solution possesses a finite escape time.


Using Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, labelling procedures and immunological methods, an extraovarian synthesis of vitellogenin has been demonstrated in Euborellia annulipes. Electropherograms of the haemolymph of 1-wk-old mated females show an extra protein fraction on the second day after mating; the concentration of this fraction in the haemolymph falls from the fifth day after mating. The fatbody incorporates [3H]leucine into the proteins synthesised by it during the period of oocyte formation. The proteins extracted from the fatbody and ovary of females of the first reproductive cycle show a high level of radioactivity 3 days after mating, suggesting a simultaneous release of proteins from the fatbody and uptake by the oocytes. On the other hand, TCA-precipitable fractions of the ovary, obtained from females on the pre-ovipositional day, record a high [3H]activity but similar fractions from the fatbody only show minimum radioactivity. Antibodies prepared against the antigens obtained from the cru...


The effect on Tibet wild rubus hardwood cutting of different rooting powder were studied,taken Tibet wild rubus with 5 strong buds and stem diameter 3.0~10.9 mm and one or tow year old as material.The result showed that different rooting powder could improve cutting woods of Tibet wild rubus grow new buds,at the same time increased grow new buds of cutting woods,and the rooting powder treatment better to CK in forming wound callus of cutting woods.The stem diameters of cutting woods influenced to grow new buds,5.0~8.9 mm was the best stem diameter.The strong rooting powder was the best to Tibet wild rudus hardwood cutting,next was ABT1 and ABT2 in synthetic effect.


The main object of the present study is to investigate numerically the mechanism of aerodynamic damping of pitching oscillation in sedan-type vehicles. The transient numerical solver employed is based on the Large Eddy Simulation (LES) method. Whilst, the Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) method was used to realize the vehicle motion during dynamic pitching and fluid flow coupled simulations. Validation of the numerical method was done by comparing the flow structures obtained from the LES to the corresponding flow structures observed in the wind tunnel measurements. Two vehicle models with basic sedan-type automobile shape were created to study the influences of upper body geometry on the aerodynamic pitching stability of sedan-type vehicle. In addition, the credibility of modeling of automotive aerodynamics by simple bluff body models was verified. For the sedan-type models investigated, the trailing vortices that shed from the A-pillar and C-pillar edges were found to produce the opposite tendencies on how they affect the aerodynamic pitching stability of the models. In particular, the vortex shed from the A-pillar edge tended to enhance the pitching oscillation, while the vortex shed from the C-pillar edge tended to suppress it. Hence, the vehicle with rounded A-pillar and angular C-pillar exhibited a higher aerodynamic damping than the vehicle with the opposite Aand C-pillars configurations. The aerodynamic damping mechanism has been proposed based on the results of flow visualization on the phase-averaged flow properties.


In the mid-1970s, South Africa was deep in political and economic crisis. Internal political upheaval was precipitated by the fall of the Portuguese empire, the Angolan invasion debâcle, black industrial unrest and the Soweto riots. It was reinforced by the realignment of white parliamentary forces, the continued suppression of extra-parliamentary opposition, the resignation of Mr Vorster in the wake of the 'Muldergate' scandal, the rise of P. W. Botha and the military, and the search for a new constitutional dispensation. Externally, there were worrying military and constitutional uncertainties in Namibia and Rhodesia. In addition, South Africa's apparently heightened vulnerability gave added impetus to the uncomfortable prospect of some form of mandatory international economic sanctions, notwithstanding the evident lack of enthusiasm of most Western governments for such action. Meanwhile, the economic crisis, induced initially by the oil-price rise and the consequent world recession, and extended by the adverse climate of expectations, visited further privations on South Africa's have-nots. Even some whites were experiencing real economic hardship, probably for the first time in twenty-five years or more. Real incomes were actually falling; unemployment of all races was rising significantly; output was stagnant; there was a balance-of-payments crisis; investors were holding back; inflation was rampant; and the economy was shackled by a disproportionately large public sector intent on reaching its interventionist and regulatory tentacles into virtually every corner. The laager had returned with a vengeance and it is little wonder that the number of whites who felt the need to emigrate was sufficient to cause a net loss of migrants for the first time since Sharpeville.1 This combination of internal and external pressures excited hopes of at least the beginnings of meaningful, if non-revolutionary, changes in racial policies. Notwithstanding the relentless implementation of 'grand' apartheid, these hopes were encouraged by the various relaxations of 'petty' apartheid,2 the seemingly reformist recommendations of the Riekert and Wiehahn commissions,3 and the


The light-scattering problem of a coated sphere near a plane surface is solved by us- ing an extension of the Mie theory. The approach taken is to solve the boundary conditions at the sphere and at the surface simultaneously and to develop the scattering amplitude. The inter- action between the plane and the sphere is emphasized . The figures of differential scattering cross section (DSCS) of the coated sphere are presented.


CONTEXT
Young adult smokers have the highest smoking prevalence among all US age groups but are least likely to use evidence-based cessation counseling or medication to quit.

OBJECTIVE
Use and effectiveness of nicotine patch were explored in a randomized trial evaluating smoking cessation interventions with this population.

PARTICIPANTS
Smokers aged 18 to 30 (n = 3094) were recruited through online and off-line methods and from telephone quit lines and analyzed.

DESIGN
Smokers were enrolled in a pretest-posttest trial, and randomized to 1 of 3 cessation services.

SETTING
Trial delivering counseling services by self-help booklet, telephone quit lines, or online expert system in the 48 continental United States.

INTERVENTION
Smokers could request a free 2-week course of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) patches from the project.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE
Follow-up surveys at 12 and 26 weeks assessed smoking abstinence, use of NRT, counseling, and other cessation medications, and smoking-related variables.

RESULTS
Overall, 69.0% of smokers reported using NRT (M = 3.2 weeks) at 12 weeks and 74.8% (M = 3.3 weeks) at 26 weeks. More smokers who were sent the free nicotine patches (n = 1695; 54.8%) reported using NRT than those who did not receive them (12 weeks: 84.3% vs 41.9%, P < .001; 26 weeks: 87.6% vs 51.1%, P < .001). The use of NRT was associated with greater smoking abstinence at 12 weeks (P < .001) and 26 weeks (P < .05), especially if used for more than 2 weeks (P < .001). Smokers assigned to a self-help booklet or cessation Web site and heavier smokers were most likely to use NRT (P < .05), whereas those reporting marijuana use and binge drinking used NRT less (P < .05).

CONCLUSIONS
Many young adults were willing to try NRT, and it appeared to help them quit in the context of community-based cessation services. Strategies should be developed to make NRT available to this age group and support them in using it to prevent lifelong smoking.


Five classical corticocerebellar neurons are commonly involved in the circuitry of the cerebellar cortex: stellate, basket, Purkinje, granule and Golgi neurons. Numerous morphofunctional studies demonstrate the presence of different large neuron types in the granular layer of the cerebellar cortex of mammals: candelabrum neuron, neuron of Lugaro, unipolar brush neuron, globular neuron, synarmotic neuron and perivascular neuron [1-7] distributed in three different zones of the granular [1,4]. Although, studies demonstrate that this large neuron types play a not negligible role in the microcircuitry of the cerebellum, they continue to be neglected and still now called 'non-traditional neurons' [2]. Finally, these data open a new scenario: in the cerebellar cortex of mammals at least 11 different neuron types must be considered, which may play a considerable role in the motor and non-motor functions of the cerebellum and in its disorders.


Possible interactions between α-latrotoxin, an activator of synaptosomal calcium uptake, and ω-conotoxin GVIA, an inhibitor of voltage-sensitive calcium channels of the N-type, were investigated in rat and chicken synaptosomal preparations. While ω-conotoxin GVIA potently and effectively inhibited calcium uptake induced by elevated potassium in chick synaptosomes, little or no effect of ω-conotoxin GVIA was observed either in potassium-treated rat synaptosomes or in α-latrotoxin-exposed synaptosomes of either species. In contrast to the lack of effect of ω-conotoxin on stimulated calcium uptake in rat synaptosomes, cadmium effectively inhibited calcium uptake induced by either potassium or α-latrotoxin. Synaptosomal calcium transport induced by α-latrotoxin can be bidirectional, since α-latrotoxin also induced efflux of preaccumulated calcium. Competition experiments revealed that binding of 125I-labelled ω-conotoxin and 125I-labelled α-latrotoxin was similar in either chicken or rat synaptosomes. Neither...


The Centre for Telecommunications Value Chain Driven Research (CTVR) approach to software radio is to focus on the use of a general-purpose processor (GPP). The use of a GPP to perform signal processing for communications applications presents the developer with challenges but it also presents some opportunities. We argue new classes of algorithms are required which will exploit the advantages and negate the disadvantages of using a GPP. Indeed other researchers have already started this programme of 'algorithmic advances'. This paper discusses the issues involved and reviews some existing developments. We present our own progress in developing a noise adaptive symbol synchroniser and we discuss some initial thoughts on how these techniques may be applied to radio functions generally.


This invention relates to a radio transfer communication system and a realization method including: providing a simplified transfer communication mode, setting up a down transfer region and an up transfer region separately in the down sub-frame and the up sub-frame of a BS physical layer of the OFDMA system, setting up a down transfer region and an up transfer region separately in the down and up sub-frames of the RS physical layer structure to define symbol combination of the transfer sub-channels and OFDMA between the BS and RS, so that said BS and RS apply TDD and RDM modes to carry out radio transfer communication based on said up and down physical layer frames.


The Eyring/Sabine equations assume that in a large irregular room a sound wave travels in straight lines from one surface to another. It is assumed that the surfaces have an average sound absorption coefficient αav and that the average distance between reflections, i.e. the mean-free-path MFP, is 4V/Stot where V is the volume of the room and Stot is the total area of all of its surfaces. No account is taken of diffusivity of the surfaces. The 4V/Stot relation is based on experimental determinations in 11 very differently-shaped rooms made by Vern Knudsen (Knudsen, Architectural Acoustics, pp. 132-141, Wiley, 1932). This paper sets out to test that relation experimentally for a wide variety of unoccupied concert and chamber music halls with seating capacities ranging from 200 to 5,000. To determine the MFP's in them, the measured values of the sound strengths G and reverberation times RT are used. Computer CAD simulations of the sound fields for several of these rooms were also made to determine the MFP's....


World War II, the most shocking historical and demographic catastrophe in European history, undermined Europe's position in the world. About 40 million Europeans perished, and huge parts of the continent were left in ruins. At their postwar nadir, the combined Gross Domestic Product of Austria, Germany, Italy, Belgium, and France had declined to less than half its prewar level. Bombing and street fights fatally destroyed Berlin, Dresden, Hamburg, Leningrad, Warsaw, and Budapest. The population of the Soviet Union, Poland, and Yugoslavia was literally decimated, the European Jewry was nearly eliminated, and tens of millions of people were uprooted. Devastation, inflation, and starvation left Europe on its knees. Moreover, the clouds of a rising new conflict darkened the horizon at the end of the war. A creeping Cold War, with conflict and confrontation between wartime allies, brought uncertainty and fear to the shocked continent. The Soviet Union occupied and soon sovietized the countries east of the River Elbe that it had liberated from Nazi German and local fascist rule. The Eastern half of the continent was isolated from the West by a Soviet-type economic system and social-political regime and formed separate Soviet-led economic and military arrangements. In terms of trade, travel, and communication, exchange between the two halves of Europe was limited to a minimum. Several people believed that Stalin wanted to enlarge his buffer zone by occupying additional parts of the continent.


Considering the similarities and differences between the MVC pattern structures of three major architectures,stand-alone,C/S and B/S,the presentation layer of the three-tier MVC pattern was extended by to construct the general-purpose MVC pattern by adding models,thus solving the difficulties in conversion between these architectures and improving scalability,maintainability and reusability. The implementation of such general-purpose MVC pattern was illustrated with a physics experiment simulation system.


Two experiments were conducted to determine the effects of prior isolation upon aggression when gerbils are introduced into the cages of conspecifics. In Exp 1 isolation sharply increased aggression, and in Exp. 2, olfaction was a critical stimulus dimension accounting for this finding. It was also concluded that it was probably the odor of isolates rather than their behavior which was responsible.


Suppose $(E,\tau)$ is a locally solid Riesz space. Then a lattice-normed vector lattice $(X,p,E_\tau)$ is called lattice-normed locally solid Riesz space. A linear operator $T$ between two lattice-normed locally solid Riesz spaces is said to be $p_\tau$-compact if, for any $p_\tau$-bounded net $(x_\alpha)$, the net $(Tx_\alpha)$ has a $p_\tau$-convergent subnet. $p_\tau$-Compact operators generalize several known classes of operators such as compact and AM-compact operators. We also study $up_\tau$-compact operators between lattice-normed locally solid Riesz spaces.


Differentiated learning is one part of the policy of implementing Merdeka Belajar Curriculum in schools.  This learning pattern emphasizes the management of education in heterogeneous classes. In this learning context, teachers are required to be able to design learning activities that can accommodate differences in student characteristics and backgrounds. Implementing differentiated learning without assistance for teachers at school is certainly not easy. This community service activity for the German Language Education Study Program aims to provide knowledge to teachers to design and implement differentiated learning. The results achieved through this activity are teachers have knowledge about the concept and application of differentiated learning. Teachers understand the aspects of differentiated learning that need to be considered in planning, namely content, process, product, and environment or learning climate in the classroom. Teachers can decide how these four elements will be incorporated into classroom learning. Teachers can also customize the learning environment and atmosphere, as well as the content, process and product of each class based on the previously diagnosed student profile. In addition, teachers also understand the indicators that need to be used to assess student learning achievementobtained from various media can be explained properly to avoid the wrong concept


Acne is a common chronic inflammatory skin disorder resulting in psychological stress (1). Tea tree or melaleuca oil (TTO) is a monoterpenerich essential oil derived from the plant Melaleuca alternifolia. It is the second most commonly used topical agent for treating acne. This agent has antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activity. In this article, Hammer has reviewed the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of TTO for the treatment of acne. She found seven publications, systematically evaluating the efficacy of TTO for treating mild to moderate acne: A double-blinded study revealed that benzoyl peroxide was significantly more effective than the TTO in treating the inflamed lesions of acne, while the efficacy of both agents in treating noninflamed lesions was not significantly different. A single-blinded comparative study showed that the TTO was more effective than topical erythromycin in reducing the acne lesion count. In a double-blinded placebo-controlled trial, the efficacy of TTO was shown to decrease the total lesion count and acne severity index. In an open-label study, TTO, polyherbal tablets, and their combination with each other were compared. The tablet contained extracts of neem, turmeric, and black pepper. In this study, each treatment significantly reduced the total acne lesion count. A double-blind split-face study showed that Lactobacillus-fermented Chamaecyparis obtusa extract is significantly more effective than TTO at reducing number of lesions. In two studies, the efficacy of TTO in combination with one or more additional plant extracts was evaluated. Both of these studies have revealed the efficacy of these combinations in treating acne. Few studies have indicated the efficacy of TTO for severe acne. Pruritus, burning, stinging, scaling, itch, redness, and dryness have been reported as its adverse events which are not significant. Its effectiveness in treating acne is influenced by its concentration, its base formulation, and the frequency of application. The TTO is an appropriate option for treating mild-to-moderate acne.


According to the characteristics of auxiliary workshops in power plant and the conventional distribution control method, an integrated supervisory control system is proposed. Based on industrial Ethernet and communication theory, it has a better performance with high bandwidth, reliability and extensibility. With its realization, information share among auxiliary workshops is accomplished and production efficency is highly improved. Fig 1 and refs 3.


The invention relates to a method for producing quenched components consisting of sheet steel, comprising the following steps: a) shaped parts are formed from sheet steel; b) the end of the shaped part is cut and the sheet steel is optionally punched or provided with a desired hole pattern prior to, during, or after the forming of the shaped part; c) at least some sections of the shaped part are subsequently heated to a temperature that permits the steel material to austenitize; and d) the component is then transferred to a quenching die, where it is subjected to a quenching process, during which the component is cooled and thus quenched by the contact of the quenching die with some sections of the component and the compression of said sections. The invention is characterised in that the component is supported by the quenching die in the vicinity of the positive radii and that some sections of said component are clamped in a secure manner without distortion in the vicinity of the cut edges. In the sections of the component that are not clamped, the latter is separated from a quenching-die half by a gap.


The concept of heritage inherently involves two values that define and characterize it: identity representation of the collective with which it is related to (from ethnic identity to socio-cultural or territorial fragmentations), and capacity to recall historical periods (past) or lifestyles (present). So heritage is defined by the intangibles values that characterize it. It doesn't matter if its expressions are permanent (monuments, artifacts,...) or they are specifically activated in some contexts. Anyway, a large proportion of the heritage values that are emphasized in occidental culture take part of perceptions which have characterized Japanese culture and other Oriental cultures. We will refer to new patrimonial speeches in Occident, specifically in Spain, which are related to cultural landscapes and expressions of intangible heritage. However, in Western cultures much remains to say about the perception and meaning given to knowledge and practises related to traditional culture. In this area, Japan has been (and is still being) a pioneer country, manifested in the singularity of the called 'living national treasures' (people who carry important intangible cultural heritage). * Este artículo ha sido realizado en el marco del Proyecto de Investigación de Excelencia: "La gestión pública del Patrimonio Etnológico" (HUM-7377), financiado por la Consejería de Innovación, Ciencia y Empresa de la Junta de Andalucía. A nj ha ra G óm ez A ra gó n [e di to ra ]: Ja pó n y O cc id en te . E l P at rim on io C ul tu ra l c om o pu nt o de e nc ue nt ro . Se vi lla : A co nc ag ua L ib ro s, 20 16 . I SB N : 9 78 -8 494 32 37 -5 -1 instituciones, gestión, conservación y transmisión del patrimonio cultural de japón


The fault sealing and reservoir continuity of different fault blocks is a very important issue for the study of oil filling histories and production. This study primarily considers the geochemical characteristics of petroleum reservoirs near faults, which can provide information about fault sealing in the geological record and hydrocarbons expulsion stage. Two research areas were chosen for the study of fault sealing in petroleum migration and reservoir continuity. One is in Weixinan sag, Beibuwan basin and the other is in Oulituozi region, Liaohe depression, Bohai Gulf basin. In the first locality, by analyzing geochemical chromatographic fingerprints, we found that a fault existed and was a major factor in poor reservoir continuity, although it is a small fault. The Oulituozi region geochemical and geological analysis shows that the oil pool near the fault has relatively high maturity and is abundant in pyrrolic nitrogen compounds. These results prove that the fault played an important role in petroleum migration. The two sites studied illustrate the advantages of geochemical techniques over other methods, in the study of fault sealing.


We study the homogeneous Dirichlet problem for the equation ut = n ∑ i=1 Di ( ai|Di(|u|m(x)−1u)|pi(x,t)−2Di(|u|m(x)−1u) ) +b|u|σ(x,t)−2u with given exponents m(x) , pi(x,t) and σ(x,t) . It is proved that the problem has a solution in a suitable variable exponent Sobolev space. In dependence on the properties of the coefficient b and the exponents of nonlinearity, the solution exists globally or locally in time. The comparison principle and uniqueness are proved under additional restrictions on the data.


The word reflection comes from the Latin reference, made up of the prefix re-, back and -flectere, to bend. The word reflection is an image that you see in a mirror, in water or on a shiny surface. The other meaning of the word is to send back of light, heat or sound. In literary context, the word reflection refers to the response, thought, feeling, opinion or attitude. It is an opportunity to gain knowledge or a way of exploring learning or to achieve clarity and better understanding of what you are learning. The synonyms of the word reflection are thought, consideration, contemplation, speculation, rumination, observation, pondering, study, concentration, absorption and cogitation. In literature, the word reflection may be applied to variety of subjects, objects and things of the nature.


port privacy and confidentiality, and web-based reporting functions to monitor missing data. Sampling bias and accessibility are commonly cited barriers to electronic data collection. However, the rapid growth of Internet users seeking health information and resources to document and manage their health may result in rehabilitation researchers opting for electronic assessment batteries or integrating technology-based assessment into routine service visits.


Requirement on multi-point data distribution in IP networks assumes some distribution service, be it implemented as a part of network native services (IP multicast) or user-empowered solution (data reflectors). In our previous work, we have introduced user-empowered distribution networks based on Active Elements (AE) [1], which scale well in terms of number of clients connected. It is however not sufficient in terms of scalability with respect to bandwidth of each single stream distributed, i. e. it is not suitable for distributing streams whose bandwidth exceeds capacity of each single AE [2]. In order to improves the scalability with respect to the bandwidth of a stream, we propose a concept of distributed AE, suitable for implementing on computer clusters with low-latency internal interconnection. Its architecture is based on parallelizing whole AE architecture including listener and sender modules. which however brings problems with packet reordering in sending part. While packet reordering is largely unwanted for general network element (e.g. router) behavior, as it severely tampers performance especially of TCP-based applications, it is more acceptable for multimedia application that rely on UDP protocol and thus need to handle potential packet reordering anyway. Simple solution is a design with all distributed modules except for sender module—while this would help for computationally intensive operations on the streams, it is of little use for high-bandwidth streams. In this paper we show, that even when having multiple sending modules with no explicit synchronization, the reordering introduced by the distributed AE has an upper bound for real-time synchronous applications under certain assumptions. It can be further reduced by implementing proposed Fast Circulating Token protocol.


For avoiding repeating design in traditional development,shortening prodution development cycle,and reducing manufacture cost,a rapid control prototype platform based on real-time windows target is proposed.This platform can be directly connected to the external hardware to control the actual controlled object by downloading the simulation model,which is generated by Simulink.The automatically generated code is downloaded to real-time kernel for running.After analyzing task timing and I/O interface,the development flow and control method of real-time simulation system are given with a class of networked cascade control system based on field bus.The test result shows more obvious advantages on this platform than the traditional control design about real-time simulation,the configurability and the stabilization.


Biorhythm is defined as any repeated pattern of physical, emotional, and intellectual activities which some believe to affect human's behavior. This article studies relationship between Biorhythm, 3 dimensions of Biorhythm (Emotional, Physical and Intellectual) and making error in buying stock in Tehran stock exchange. Statistical population of the present study includes all stock buyers in stock exchange at 2014 that of these 312 buyers selected randomly as sample. This research is applicable in terms of goal and descriptive from solidarity category in terms of methodology and is survey in terms of collecting data. For research hypothesis test, Phi & Cramer's test was used because both of indexes are nominal. Results show there is a meaningful relationship between critical manners in Biorhythm (Emotional, Physical and Intellectual) and error in buying stock (the one that should not be bought) in Tehran stock exchange.


COOPERATIVE THEORY: NEW APPROACHES, edited by Jeffrey S. Royer, Cooperative Management Division, Agricultural Cooperative Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. This report contains nine papers on cooperative theory relating to operations, market behavior, decisionmaking, finance, and other aspects of farmer cooperation. These papers were written as part of an ACS project intended to stimulate research and thinking on practical aspects of cooperative theory. This report does not represent an exhaustive theory of cooperatives, but presents new approaches to thinking on several topics. In addition to answering some questions, these papers ask others in an attempt to encourage more thought.