Abstract This paper introduces eight ornamental perennial garden escapees that were recorded by the authors of this article on Lucavsala Island, Riga (Latvia) in 2016. Our data on Achillea ptarmica cv. 'Boule de Neige', Artemisia ludoviciana, Asclepias syriaca, Campanula lactiflora, Heliopsis helianthoides, Lathyrus latifolius, Phlox paniculata and Rudbeckia hirta contribute to the knowledge about the occurrence of these taxa in wild. All these species are also growing in the collection of ornamental perennials in the Botanical Garden of the University of Latvia. A review of these species in Latvian herbarium collections has been conducted. Five species, Heliopsis helianthoides, Artemisia ludoviciana, Campanula lactiflora, Lathyrus latifolius, Phlox paniculata, were observed for the first time outside cultivation forming relatively stable, reproducing populations. Two species, Achillea ptarmica multiplex cultivar and Rudbeckia hirta, were previously observed in seminatural habitats and, thus, considered as casual aliens at the naturalization stage. One of the species, Asclepias syriaca, was considered a new to Latvia casual alien species with high potential of invasiveness.


Horticultural crops are the most produced by farmers in the Napugera Village area because they are more profitable to cultivate because they are short in life and from an economic point of view they are obtained faster. However, has often experienced obstacles, one of which is determining the suitability of agricultural land for horticultural crops.  Determining the selection of horticultural crops for the types of red onion, red red chili, and tomato crops on a field based on land conditions is very necessary for farmers in the Napugera Village area as a support for decision-making. There are 8 criteria assessed including temperature, rainfall, air humidity, soil type, soil texture, soil ph, land slope and topography. In this study, a profile-matching interpolation method was developed for a decision-making system that can be used as a tool in providing decisions on plants that are suitable for planting in a field easily, quickly, and accurately. The profile-matching interpolation method is one of the methods of scoring data. The results showed that the type of onion horticultural crop with a final value of 3,764 is suitable for cultivation in the Napugera Village area.


When dioctadecyldimethylammonium chloride (DODAC) was adsorbed on silica from its vesicle in aqueous solution, a patchlike bilayer was formed due to the electrostatic attraction force between DODAC and silica. Yellow OB, a non-water-soluble dye, and Parsol, a UV absorber, were adsolubilized in the DODAC-adsorbed layer, resulted in hydrophobic surface the incorporated amount of Parsol was larger than that of Yellow OB. Further, the Parsol adsolubilized in the DODAC-adsorbed layer showed a remarkable screening effect against UV light. Key-words : Adsolubilization, Silica, UV absorber


Counterpoise ab initio calculations have been carried out for the hydrogen fluoride dimer using 14 different basis sets. A counterpoise calculation evaluates the stability contribution arising from just the mutual basis set enlargement of bringing two species into proximity. Using this stability contribution to correct the total interaction energy does not always improve reliability. Furthermore, counterpoise corrections have been found to be misleadingly small in certain cases, suggesting greater reliability than is warranted. The problem is that the counterpoise correction should be the stability contribution arising from the mutual basis set enlargement in the description of the perturbed rather than the isolated bonding partners. In hydrogen bonding, much of the perturbation is an electrical polarization of charge. Thus, we have found that more useful counterpoise correction values are obtained by employing a perturbing charge field. This charge field is approximately that which would arise from the s...


The floriculture production in Kenya has registered impressive agricultural growth rate. Among flower type of importance is rose that earns over-half the total income from the industry. This happens despite growing challenges, chief among them being the increased incidences of pests and diseases with the most important being spider mite, Tetranychus urticae. A number of miticides have been applied since the early 1970s when flower production was identified as an important agricultural activity for the country's economy. The reported study here lists the major pesticides that have been used towards the management of mites. The information compiled was gathered through a field survey on 131 rose farms in Kenya. During the survey reasons for adoption or discontinuing pesticide uses were enumerated. Chief among the reasons for rejections of the pesticides are banned pesticides in 1990s. These pesticides were mostly the inorganic chlorines that have been rejected in agricultural productions due to their persistent in environment resulting in reduction of biodiversity of organisms. The study has also listed 43 chemical miticide compounds currently used in rose flower production. The study has further highlighted the most venerable development stages of mites that are targeted by the miticides. Possibilities of the miticides being used in integrated pest management (IPM) systems together with certain bio-pesticides have been mentioned. Similarly, farmers' awareness about insect resistance managements (IRM) was scored for and the possible training needs particularly for the small-scale rose farmers on IRM and IPM have been highlighted.


The study of the professional work of Ivan Prokopenko and Grigory Skovoroda under the conditions of martial law in Ukraine will contribute to the establishment of partnership in the organization of the educational process, and the improvement of the quality of professional training. The purpose of the article is to reveal the essence and ways of implementing partnership on the example of the life and professional activity of Ivan Prokopenko and Grigory Skovoroda. To achieve the goal, comparative historical methods were used – to reveal the key points of understanding of partnership by teachers. The methods of analysis, synthesis and generalization of historical facts are used to substantiate the ideas of partnership pedagogy. The retrospective method was used for creative interpretation of the results of the conducted research.In the article, the author revealed the idea of partnership based on synergistic and systemic approaches. Cultural relevance and the principle of historicism made it possible to characterize partnership as a dynamic phenomenon that is determined by social factors. The article emphasizes that the idea of "equal to equal" democracy is important in partner interaction, unconditional equality in the right to express one's position, respect for another point of view, trust and goodwill in communication and interaction are recognized. The value of tacit knowledge and experience, mutual demand is also recognized.In the article, the author substantiated that Grigory Skovoroda set an example of socially significant partnership and humanity in the Kharkiv Collegium, private teaching. The main positions of Grigory Skovoroda's pedagogical partnership are highlighted: personal dialogue in forms of educational interaction; friendly conversation, correspondence in extracurricular time to encourage self-discovery, self-immersion, self-analysis; simulation of life situations, choice situations with a projection for success.Value orientations of partnership pedagogy according to Ivan Prokopenko: respect, benevolence, trust, dialogue and distributed leadership. He approved the partnership in all forms of educational, educational, professional and research work at G.S. Skovoroda Kharkiv National Pedagogical University on the basis of the philosophy of the heart, humane pedagogy. The article states that in his activities, Ivan Prokopenko used the principles of trust and openness in professional communications, respect and recognition of the self-worth of each individual. He successfully applied the practice of distributed leadership, in all horizons of connections and activities of the university.Common aspects of the pedagogical partnership of Ivan Prokopenko and Grigory Skovoroda: careful attitude to the student, understanding of the self-worth of a person, cordocentric living of success and failure.As a promising direction for further research, we offer a comparison of the ideas of partnership in the work of Confucius and modern practices of partnership in educational institutions of Ukraine and China.


Background: Thymus- and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC) and macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC) are accepted to be important molecules in the development and maintenance of allergic diseases. Although several types of histamine H1 receptor antagonist (antihistamine) have been developed and used for the treatment of allergic diseases, the influence of antihistamines on TARC and MDC production is not well understood. Objective: The present study was undertaken to examine the influence of antihistamines on TARC and MDC production from CD14+ cells after antigenic stimulation in vitro. Methods: CD14+ cells prepared from patients with pollinosis to Japanese cedar pollen were stimulated with specific allergen extracted from Japanese cedar pollen (Cry j 1) in the presence of azelastine (AZE), ketotifen (KET), fexofenadine (FEX) and oxatomide (OXA) for 6 days. TARC and MDC levels in culture supernatants were examined by ELISA. We also examined the influence of FEX on TARC and MDC mRNA expression, phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and transcription factor activation in CD14+ cells after Cry j 1 stimulation. Results: FEX at 250 ng/ml, which is almost equal to therapeutic blood levels, caused a significant inhibition of TARC and MDC production.However, AZE, OXA and KET required higher concentrations than their therapeutic blood levels to suppress production of these factors. FEX at 250 ng/ml also suppressed NF-ĸB activation, phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 and expression of mRNA for TARC and MDC. Conclusions: These results suggest that antihistamines, especially FEX, suppress CC chemokine production from CD14+ cells through interference with antigen-mediated signaling and result in favorable modification of allergic disease states or conditions.


Open hole wireline logging, due to its lower overpull capacity relative to logging-while-drilling, is subject to increased stuck tool risk and can lead to costly fishing operations, lost-in-hole charges, and the need to sidetrack the borehole. The risk increases in higher overbalance environments typical for depleted reservoirs but there are other controls on sticking risk that can be managed. This paper describes the measures taken in an open hole wireline logging operation in a Deepwater Gulf of Mexico well under close to 7000 psi overbalance in a high temperature-high pressure (HTHP) slim-hole environment using water-based reservoir drilling fluid (RDF) to achieve a successfully efficient logging operation without incurring lost time attributed to conveyance related issues.
 A wireline program was designed that paid close attention to the RDF properties to ensure excellent fluid loss performance and a thin filter cake, a recipe to keep differential sticking in check. The target reservoir was an aeolian sandstone with a porosity of 19% and permeability in the tens of millidarcy range. Additional steps taken to mitigate sticking risks included good borehole cleaning practices, sticking assessment during drilling, use of high-pull capacity cable, minimization of tool contact area with the borehole through reduced tool string length and use of rollers and standoffs, minimization of stationary time within depleted reservoir, tension monitoring during wireline operation, and inclusion of a jar in the tool string to increase the chance of pulling free when stuck.
 A high temperature and pressure rated sampling tool was run in a 7″ borehole with a 25° open-hole deviation to acquire the pressure profile in the reservoir. Correlation was performed inside the casing such that the only stationary time the tool string experienced was during the pressure sampling operation. The sampling itself was limited to no more than ten minutes. As a result of the mitigation measures implemented, a total of five good pressure points were obtained in approximately 150 ft of reservoir interval. Negligible tension drop-off was observed when moving down from one pressure station to another and no overpull was observed when picking up the tools. The tool string was successfully retrieved at the surface.
 From the authors' knowledge, this is the first time logging under such high overbalance has been performed with a water-based RDF. The fluid mentioned in this paper has been engineered to overcome the typical shortcomings of water-based RDF when it comes to differential sticking. Learnings from stuck tool experiences during previous wireline logging attempts in the same field will be described, providing the rationale for some of the mitigation steps pursued in this paper. The success of differential sticking mitigation during this logging program opens the door to possibilities for performing future open hole wireline logging under extreme conditions.


ABSTRACT In this paper we derive a finite element formulation for geometrical nonlinear shell structures. The formulation bases on a direct introduction of the isoparametric finite element formulation into the shell equations. The element allows the occurence of finite rotations which are described by a rotation tensor. A layerwise linear elastic material model for composites is chosen. The consistent linearization of all equations leads to quadratic convergence behaviour within the nonlinear solution procedure. Examples show the applicability and effectivity of the developed element.


Additional file 3: Figure S1 . Effects of the disease and drugs on the frequency of CD4 and CD8 T cells. Upper panel; The frequency of CD4 T cells relative to the total CD3+ cells in healthy donors (HDs) (n = 10) and disease-modifying treatment free (untreated: UT) (n = 15), and FTY720-treated subjects (n = 7) are plotted. Lower panel; The frequency of CD8 T cells relative to the total CD3+ cells in HD (n = 10), untreated (n = 15), and FTY720-treated subjects (n = 7) are plotted. 3 m, 1 y, 2 y, and 3 y; subjects treated FTY720 for 3 months, 1, 2 and 3 years, respectively. Some samples are missing as described in the Materials and Methods. Data are analyzed with Mann–Whitney U test (HD vs UT and UT vs IFNβ) or with Kruskal–Wallis test with Dunn's multiple comparison test for all the possible combinations (among UT, 3 m, 1 y, 2 y, and 3 y). Asterisks indicate the groups showing a significant difference (*: P


The present,analysis relates to the rest of Scotland,~comprising the region'al clinics for Edi-nbu-rgh, Dundee, Dumfries;,Aberdeen and Inverness for the period November, 1930, to the end of. 1938. Dur'ing th'at period a_total -of 5,953 persons were examined, by ophthalmolog'ists and4,078 or 68-5 per, cent.were -certified blind within the meaning of the Blind Persons Act. The definition of blindness is the, sam-e for the whole of Scotland and is.based.on visual standards. The standard js'divided into 3, categories-, ~vitz Group I. Visual acuity of less than 3160 Snellen. Regarded as blind., Group. II. Vis4ual acuity of 6/60, Snellen .or better. Not regarded as blind unless the field of vision, is contracted to 10 'deg'rees oer lesthroug'houth greater -part, of'' its -extent and particularly in the lowe patof the field.


This paper attempts to provide some insight into the nature of radio propagation in that part of the spectrum (UHF) used by experimenters. As we know that the need for high quality and high capacity networks and estimating coverage accurately has become extremely important. Therefore, for more accurate design coverage of modern cellular networks, signal strength measurements must be taken in consideration, in order to provide an efficient and reliable coverage area. This paper addresses the applicability of Okumura-Hata model in Al Khuwair, Oman in GSM frequency band of 890-960 MHz. The study was carried out for urban area only, since measurements provided from local service provider were about the urban areas. The mean square error (MSE) was calculated between measured path loss values and those predicated on basis of Okumura-Hata model for this area. We accomplish the modification of model by investigating the variation in pathloss between the measured and predicted values, according to the Okumura-Hata propagation model for a cell in Al-Khuwair city and then finding the missing experimental data with spline and cubic regression. The selected model was considered the most suitable after initial study of several other models (not the scope of current study). The mean square error (MSE) was calculated between measured path loss values and those predicated on basis of Okumura-Hata model for an urban area. The MSE is up to 6dB, which is an acceptable value for the signal prediction. The obtained experimental data is compared and analyzed further using a cubic regression on the set of the experimental data. Scatter plot of the experimental data on path loss verses distance reveals a third order polynomial trend in the experimental data. Therefore the cubic regression model was fitted using method of least squares which estimates the parameters by minimizing sum of squares of the white noise. The coefficient of determination of this regression suggested that more than 90% variation in path loss can be explained.


OBJECTIVE To explore the efficacy and safety of paliperidone extended-release tablet for patients with schizophrenia.METHODS 67 patients with schizophrenia were randomly divided into pailperidone group(n=34) and quetiapine group(n=33) for an 8-week-study,The curative effects and side effects were assessed with positive and negative syndrome scale(PANSS) and treatment emergent symptom scale(TESS) before treatment,at the ends of the 2,4,6 and 8 week after treatment.The prolactin level was detected before,during and after treatment.RESULTS At the end of treatment,the excellence rate and effective rate in pailperidone group were 62% and 88%,and those in quetiapine group were 64% and 85%,there was no significant difference(P0.05).Both the total PANSS scores and sub-scales scores in the two groups lowered obviously compared with before treatment(P0.01),and significance shown 2 weeks after the treatment between the two groups,but there was no significant difference at the other points(P0.05).There was no significant difference in the total incidence rate of untoward reaction between the two groups(P0.05).The prolactin level in pailperidone group heightened obviously,but that in quetiapine group had no changes,there was significant difference between the two groups(P0.01).CONCLUSION The medication paliperidone ER has the similary efficacy with the medication of qutiapine,but has earlier efficacy and better tolerance.


This study examined the sources of errors produced by students in Guided Writing class. The research question was asked "What are the sources of learners" grammatical errors in the students" Guided Writing drafts?". Fourteen participants from the Guided Writing class were selected to be the participants of this study. The data were obtained from fourteen students" first drafts. The analysis used steps suggested by Corder (1974) in Ellis and Barkhuizen (2005) which included: (1) collection of a sample of learner language, (2) identification of errors, (3) description of errors, and (4) explanation of errors. To find out the sources of the grammatical errors, individual interviews were held. The results of the study revealed that intralingual errors were more significant than interlingual errors. This result supported several previous findings found by Richards (1971), AbiSamra (2003), Bataineh (2005), Husada (2007) and Sattayatham & Honsa (2007). The results also supported several previous finding which viewed that interference of L1 was not the major factor in student"s production of errors in L2 whereas the students" competency in acquiring L2 played more significant roles (Richards, 1971 in Darus & Subramaniam, 2009; Dulay, Burt & Krashen, 1982).


Situated in the Awulale metallogenic belt of Western Tianshan,the large-sized Chagangnuoer magnetite deposit is contained within volcanic-sedimentary rocks of the Carboniferous Dahalajunshan Formation.According to ore fabrics and mineral assemblages,the mineralization events of this deposit were divided into the magmatic stage and the hydrothermal stage(including the prograde sub-stage).Due to the lack of studies in ore deposit geochemistry for this deposit,this paper aimed to conduct systematic stable isotope analyses of C,O and S by isotope mass spectrometry method for minerals of magnetite,pyrite,chalcopyrite and calcite chosen from various mineralization stages.Those data indicated that δ18OSMOW values of magnetite mainly showed a magmatic hydrothermal feature,and a decreasing trend(1.9‰-2.4‰) from the magmatic stage to the prograde stage,which reflected that wall rock alteration may change the compositions of ore-forming fluid.Both the sulfur isotopic components(0.8‰-7.3‰) at the magmatic stage and prograde stage were predominantly the magmatic feature.However,a small amount of S from strata or sea water was mixed into the ore-forming fluid in the magmatic stage as the δ34SV-CDT was larger than 10‰.During the late ore-forming stage,the δ13CPDB-δ18OSMOW ratios of calcite showed a positive linear correlation,probably attributing to the mixture of different concentrations of NaCl fluid or the water-rock reaction between ore-forming fluid and wall rocks.The partial mineralization materials were derived from marble wall rock.Therefore,crystallization differentiation of magmatic fluid was the dominant mineralization on the early ore-forming stage,whereas prograded and retrograded alterations were the crucial factors in iron enrichment and mineralization on the later stage.


Motivation (problems addressed): Two problems are addressed: firstly, the output of current question-answering systems is usually independent of the questioner's characteristics, goals and needs. Secondly, some questions can have multiple answers and/or answers more complex than a single sentence. Such answers should be delivered more effectively than by returning ranked lists of documents (as usually done by question-answering systems).


Acute phase reaction is a general term attributed to a group of systemic and metabolic changes that occur within hours of an inflammatory stimulus. The most important component of this response is the acute phase proteins, which are a heterogenous group of plasma proteins. If the inflammatory response is self-limiting or treated, level of these proteins returns to normal within days or weeks. A stronger stimulus for inflammation will result in greater change in the concentration of acute phase proteins. The production of these proteins is regulated to a great extent by cytokines and to a lesser extent by glucocorticoid hormones. They bind to bacteria leading to activation of complement proteins that destroy pathogenic organisms. This article highlights the features, functions, synthesis and types of acute-phase proteins and their associated relation in periodontal disease.


Silicon on isolator technology decreases effects of parasitic capacitance and leakage between the circuit components that limit the density of transistors in the conventional bulk complementary metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor technology. There are several methods for fabrication of SOI substrates. Additional fabrication costs for SOI substrates limit application of this technology for production of main stream chips. New technological solutions and materials are needed. Two new approaches for fabrication of silicon on isolator structure with crystalline gadolinium oxide as buried oxide are studied. The first approach is based on the formation of a template single crystalline Si-layer and combines encapsulated solid-phase epitaxy of silicon on rare-earth-metal-oxide layer (developed for fabrication of oxide/silicon/oxide heterostructures), subsequent chemical etching of the second oxide layer, followed by vapor-phase epitaxial growth of silicon on the template-silicon layer. In the second method, crystalline single oriented silicon islands serve as seed for further epitaxial growth of a crystalline Si layer on gadolinium oxide. Structural investigations show that the overgrown silicon layer is structurally coherent with the template silicon layer with no distinguishable difference at the interface. Silicon-substrate/oxide/silicon heterostructure exhibits transition of the substrate crystalline structure with A/B/A twinning relationship and in A/B/B relationship in some regions. The initial stage of deposition of the template silicon is crucial for its structural quality.


Abstract The paper will present findings from a Social Science and Humanities Research (SSHRC) funded participatory evaluation conducted over the past four years in the Cree nation of Wemindji in Quebec, Canada. COOL (Challenging Our Own Limits) or "Nigawchiisuun" in Cree, was launched in 2003 as part of a broader program of governance initiatives within Wemindji. As a key component of this new governance program, COOL was to address the need for after-school care within the community for parents, as well as to engage with the recurring problem of low retention rates in school. In consultation with the Band Council of the Cree Nation of Wemindji (James Bay), the Deputy Chief at the time (Rodney Mark) – who was elected Chief in 2006 – established a COOL committee to oversee the design, organisation, implementation and running of the program. Unlike the other eight Cree communities of the James Bay, Wemindji decided to fund and run its own program based on values, customs, and traditions that have been established through consultations with elders, parents, and other interested groups within the community. This has made COOL a distinctly homegrown, autonomous, self-determined Cree program. The paper will not only report on principal themes and issues connected with the establishment and administration of COOL, but will also discuss why a participatory evaluation has been used to assess its effectiveness as a social/educational program.


Robust road boundary extraction and completion play an important role in providing guidance to all road users and supporting high-definition (HD) maps. The significant challenges remain in remarkable and accurate road boundary recovery from poor road boundary conditions. This paper presents a novel deep learning framework, named BoundaryNet, to extract and complete road boundaries by using both mobile laser scanning (MLS) point clouds and high-resolution satellite imagery. First, road boundaries are extracted by conducting a curb-based extraction method. Such extracted 3D road boundary lines are used as inputs to feed into a U-shaped network for erroneous boundary denoising. Then, a convolutional neural network (CNN) model is proposed to complete the road boundaries. Next, to achieve more complete and accurate road boundaries, a conditional deep convolutional generative adversarial network (c-DCGAN) with the assistance of road centerlines extracted from satellite images is developed. Finally, according to the completed road boundaries, the inherent road geometries are calculated. The proposed methods were evaluated using satellite imagery and four MLS point cloud datasets with varying densities and road conditions in urban environments. The quality evaluation metrics of 82.88%, 82.43%, 88.86%, and 84.89% were achieved for four data sets. The experimental results indicate that the BoundaryNet model can provide a promising solution for road boundary completion and road geometry estimation.


A respiratory motion during whole-body imaging has been recognized as a source of image degradation and induces distortions in positron emission tomography (PET) study. The aim of this study is to evaluate respiratory motion using lung simulator and to develop a respiratory motion detecting system using optical laser sensor. We utilized a commercially available laser optical sensor to detect respiratory motion during PET scanning. Each respiratory cycle is divided into 4 bins defined as average peak interval and irregular peak within the patient's breathing motion. The acquired data within the time bins correspond to different positions within the breathing cycle and stored for the post motion correction. Artifact of breathing motion was evaluated with the phantom study. In the images of a human subject, the blurring artifact due to breathing motion was divided by our detecting system. This technique improves the quantitative specific activity of the tracer which is distorted by the respiratory motion.


In this paper, I use a pseudo-panel approach with data from the European Union Labour Force Survey to study the impact of paternity leave policies on mothers' employment in ten countries. Using a dynamic Difference-in-Difference strategy, I show that paternity leave increased mothers' employment rate by up to 17% in the long run, and average hours worked by 2 to 4%. There is substantial heterogeneity across countries in the effect of paternity leave policies. The impact on employment rates is positive and significant in eight of the ten countries of the sample, while the impact on hours worked can be either positive or negative. I find no evidence that the reforms had any impact on Greece or


Abstract
Purpose
This study examines weight loss surgery patients' experiences with vanity stigma. First, the research explores if and how vanity stigma occurrences differ for female and male surgery patients. Second, the research interrogates the role of this stigma in shaping patients' feelings about their bodies.

Methodology/approach
The data stems from qualitative interviews (n = 44) and surveys (n = 55) with pre-operative and post-operative weight loss surgery patients. The author used narrative interview analysis to inductively identify and analyze prevalent themes.

Findings
Participants' stigma experiences are differentiated by gender. Approximately half of female participants reported perceiving vanity stigma. Women who faced negative accusations were likely to distance themselves from such claims by citing personal disinterest in their bodies, whereas women who did not perceive vanity accusations were likely to express approval and pleasure in their post-weight loss bodies. Men, in contrast, were not accused of vanity. Men frequently characterized their post-surgical, post-weight loss bodies as having utilitarian value.

Research limitations/implications
The study concludes that gender norms play a role in shaping bariatric surgery patients' experiences with vanity stigma and body-related feelings. Limitations include the small number (n = 9) of male participants and the lack of a representative sampling frame for bariatric surgery patients.

Originality/value
Previous studies have not explored how gender shapes bariatric surgery patients' experiences with appearance-related social scrutiny. This chapter adds to existing research on gendered body norms and reveals gendered dimensions of vanity stigma.


The increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide( CO2) concentration and global climate change are the most important environmental challenges we faced. Autotrophic bacteria,with the capability of CO2assimilation,are widespread in diverse environments,thus studies on molecular mechanisms of autotrophic bacteria CO2fixation are of great scientific importance. Previous researches were mainly based on genomic DNA,revealing the diversity and composition of CO2fixation microorganism in diverse ecological systems. However,the functional implication of these autotrophies is still unknown. Transcriptomics technique and stable isotope probe technique( SIP) are successfully employed in recent studies concerningthe ecological function of CO2fixation microorganism,providing unequivocal evidence for CO2assimilation by autotrophic microorganisms in complex aquatic environments and identifying new autotrophic bacteria capable of CO2assimilation. Therefore,the microbial mechanisms of CO2fixation by autotrophic mciroorganism based on SIP are summarized and the methodological considerations of RNA-SIP for molecular ecology of carbon fixation in agricultural ecosystems are presented. The translocation and stability of assimilated carbon were also discussed. This paper will offer the theoretical basis of terrestrial ecosystem carbon cycle and response to climate change.


We investigate the low-energy properties of a generalized quantum sine–Gordon model in one dimension with a self-dual symmetry. This model describes a class of quantum phase transitions that stems from the competition of different orders. This SU(N) self-dual sine–Gordon model is shown to be equivalent to an SO(N)2 conformal field theory perturbed by a current–current interaction, which is related to an integrable fermionic model introduced by Andrei and Destri. In the context of spin-chain problems, we give several realizations of this self-dual sine–Gordon model and discuss the universality class of the transitions.


The tendons of a tension leg platform are critical structural components in maintaining the system integrity. A common tendon design limit is associated with the minimum tendon tension. Most TLP reliability studies in the past defined the minimum-tension limit state as the loss of tendon tension. However, studies have shown that temporary tension loss at a corner of a TLP will not necessarily jeopardize the system integrity if the tendon is allowed to stroke down during a loss of tension event. Hence, we define the limit state associated with minimum tension event as the down-stroke where the tendon unlatches itself. An approximate method is proposed in this study to evaluate the probability of tendon unlatching. Sensitivities to the key assumptions are also investigated.© 2005 ASME


2.1 Let h = g ◦ f . Let A ∈ H. We need to show that h−1(A) ∈ F . We claim that h−1(A) = f−1(g−1(A)). Because g is G/H-measurable, g−1(A) ∈ G and thus because f is F/G-measurable, f−1(g−1(A)) is F-measurable, thus completing the proof, once we show that the claim holds. To show the claim, we show twosided containment. For showing h−1(A) ⊂ f−1(g−1(A)) let x ∈ h−1(A). Thus, h(x) ∈ A. By definition, h(x) = g(f(x)) ∈ A. Hence, f(x) ∈ g−1(A) and thus x ∈ f−1(g−1(A)). For the other direction let x ∈ f−1(g−1(A)). This implies that f(x) ∈ g−1(A), which implies that h(x) = g(f(x)) ∈ A.


A new dynamic model of compliant mechanisms is developed based on the pseudo-rigid-body model. The kinetic energy and potential energy of various kinds of compliant segments are derived using numerical methods at first. The dynamic equation of planar compliant mechanisms is then developed based on the Lagrange equation. The natural frequency is obtained in the example of a planar compliant parallel-guiding mechanism. The numerical results show the advantage of the proposed method for the dynamic analysis of compliant mechanisms.


We consider representing of natural numbers by arithmetical expressions using ones, addition, multiplication and parentheses. The (integer) complexity of n -- denoted by ||n|| -- is defined as the number of ones in the shortest expressions representing n. We arrive here very soon at the problems that are easy to formulate, but (it seems) extremely hard to solve. In this paper we represent our attempts to explore the field by means of experimental mathematics. Having computed the values of ||n|| up to 10^12 we present our observations. One of them (if true) implies that there is an infinite number of Sophie Germain primes, and even that there is an infinite number of Cunningham chains of length 4 (at least). We prove also some analytical results about integer complexity.


The aim of the study is to investigate the use of Microsoft Sway 365 in teaching reading descriptive text as a response in pandemic situation. The method used in the research was classroom action research. Subject of the research was 36 students from tenth grade of SMAN 1 Baros, Banten Province. Data collective techniques used in this recent study were test and questionnaire. The result of research shows that students achieve average scores 67.5 from reading test in pre-cycle. This result, of course, still lower than the ideal score 75. Since Sway Microsoft 365 is implemented, students' scores are increased. This can be seen from the average score in cycle 1 is 77.5; and it increases into 81.5 in cycle 2. These results also matched to the questionnaire result which 78% of students agree if Microsoft Sway 365 can be used as an alternative online learning media for reading descriptive text, especially proposed for pandemic situation.


A product of the reaction of ruthenium pentafluoride with carbon monoxide has been isolated and its structure shown to be based on a tetrameric unit [Ru(CO)3F2]4, with bridging fluorine atoms.


THE ALFALFA BUTTERFLY, Colias philodice eurytheme (Boisduval) , is a serious defoliator of alfalfa in the warm interior valleys of California. Serious outbreaks of caterpillars may occur from June through October, but the major damage is done during the latter part of July and in August. Infestations vary markedly fronr field to field due to the habits of the pest and its parasite, Apariteles medicagirtis Muesebeck. Because of these uneven infestations and since the parasite may be seriously harmed by chemicals, control of the pest should be applied only on the basis of careful and adequate caterpillar population counts. In connection with a series of tests on the chemical control, HETP (50% ) wzs compared to DDT in an infested alfalfa field northeast of Westley. Four treatments were applied by airplane-sprayer to large blocks averaging about ten acres


The author considers the self-insurance as one of the possible ways to minimize financial losses organization. Analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of self-insurance as an alternative to commercial risks. Concludes that while self-insurance can be used in practice and in some cases successfully applied organizations as the most simple way to minimize risks in the event of large losses, which can carry the company, the effectiveness of this tool is small.


The benefits of utilizing internal reinforced members, such as soil nails and ground anchors, in maintaining stable excavations and slopes have been known among geotechnical engineers to be very effective. Occasionally, however, both soil nails and ground anchors are simultaneously used in one excavation site. In the present study, a method of limit equilibrium stability analysis of the excavation zone reinforced with the vertically or horizontally mixed nail-anchor system is proposed to evaluate the global safety factor with respect to a sliding failure. The postulated failure wedges are determined based on the results of the program analyses. This study also deals with a determination of the required thickness of the shotcrete facing. An excessive facing thickness may be required due to both the stress concentration and the relative displacement at the interface zone between the soil nailing system and the ground anchor system. A simple finite element method of analysis is presented to estimate the corresponding relative displacement at the interface zone between two different support systems. As an efficient resolution to reduce the facing thickness, the modified bearing plate system is also proposed. Finally with various analysis related to the effects of design parameters, the predicted displacements are compared with the results of the program analyses.


In this paper,the actual operation of the computer classroom management software defects,encryption and decryption theoretical basis for the software,the use of anti-assembly technology,the software from the client and server-side code analysis,and pointed out that the design bug of the computer classroom management software.Combined with the vulnerability of existing software design,the computer classroom management software to prevent the bug countermeasures and recommendations to improve software security design and management awareness.


I read with interest the article "Surgical Management of Aneurysms of Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery: Location-Based Approaches and Outcomes with Review of Literature," 1 in which authors stratified surgical approaches to the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) aneurysms regarding their locations, followed by a large review of the literature. Authors present a retrospective study of 20 patients with 21 PICA aneurysms treated with microsurgical clipping via midline suboccipital approach for distal PICA aneurysms and far-lateral approach for the aneurysms, located at VA (vertebral artery)/PICA junction. Authors report zero mortality and 20% surgical morbidity that support our concept that there is no unique method or approach to treat all the PICA aneurysms. 2 Any


. Schema mappings specify how data organized under a source schema should be reorganized under a target schema. For tree-structured data, the interplay between these specifications and the complex struc-tural conditions imposed by the schemas, makes schema mappings a very rich formalism. Classical data management tasks, well-understood in the relational model, once again become challenging theoretical problems. Recent results on non-mixing integrity constraints help to push the decidability frontier further for three such problems: consistency of mappings, membership in the composition of mappings, and query answering.


It made a comparative analysis on physical education teacher education pre-service training courses in some normal universities to identify curriculum on the characteristics of the problem and put forward countermeasures,with a view to facilitate and promote professional PE teacher education reform.


ACTA2
 encodes the contractile protein smooth muscle α-actin expressed in smooth muscle cells (SMCs). A heterozygous pathogenic variant in
 ACTA2
 , p.R149C, predisposes to premature coronary artery disease (CAD) in the absence of risk factors. Recent studies have determined that SMCs contribute to atherosclerotic plaque formation after undergoing phenotypic modulation, characterized by de-differentiation and increased expression of macrophage, fibroblast, stem, and osteogenic markers. This SMC modulation is driven in part by exogenous cholesterol entering the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and activating ER stress, specifically PERK signaling. To determine how a mutation in SM α-actin predisposes to atherosclerosis,

 Acta2
 R149C/+

 mice were crossed into
 Apoe
 -/-
 mice and fed a high fat diet for 3 months. Despite no differences in serum lipid levels, the

 Acta2
 R149C/+
 Apoe

 -/-
 mice have a 3-fold increased plaque burden compared to
 Apoe
 -/- mice. SMCs explanted from

 Acta2
 R149C/+

 mice have phenotypic modulation at baseline while WT SMCs do not. We determined that misfolding of the R149C SMα-actin activates heat shock factor 1 (HSF1), which increases endogenous cholesterol biosynthesis through increasing HMG-CoA reductase expression. The increase in endogenous cholesterol levels induces ER stress, activates PERK, and augments both modulation of SMCs and atherosclerotic plaque formation. ScRNA sequencing confirms increased HSF1 and PERK signaling and modulation in SMCs in the mutant mice. Importantly, pravastatin treatment dramatically lowers plaque burden to similar low levels of plaque burden in both the

 Acta2
 R149C/+
 Apoe

 -/- and
 Apoe
 -/-
 mice
 (Fig. 1a)
 . These studies identify a novel mechanism by which mutant SM α-actin increases endogenous cholesterol biosynthesis and drives atherosclerotic plaque formation, a mechanism that also informs as to why statins are effective in individuals at risk for CAD who do not have elevated plasma cholesterol levels
 (Fig. 1b)
 .


Objective: To describe three cases with acute autonomic and sensory neuropathy (AASN). Background: AASN is considered a very rare variant of immune-mediated acute peripheral neuropathy or ganglionopathy. Only a few cases have been documented in the literature so far. Design/Methods: Case series. Results: Three previously healthy subjects (11-year-old male; 11-year-old female; 37-year-old female), all of Asian ancestry, presented with acute and severe sensory and autonomic deficits shortly after a brief gastrointestinal or respiratory febrile illness. Autonomic disturbances included vomiting, diarrhea, anhidrosis, abdominal cramps, neurogenic pain, dry mouth and eyes, non-reactive mid-sized pupils, and dizziness upon standing and syncope. Sensory disorders included decreased perception for all sensory modalities with widespread patchy distribution and significant sensory ataxia. Impaired motor control with dysphagia was interpreted as reduced muscle power and prompted an early diagnosis of Guillain-Barre syndrome. Symptoms progressed for a few days and later stabilized. Neurological examination revealed very depressed or absent deep tendon, corneal, and gag reflexes with preserved muscle power. Corneal exam showed paracentral and inferior corneal opacities due to exposure keratopathy and dry eye. Nerve conduction studies showed extremely reduced or absent sensory nerve action potentials with normal motor nerve conduction and F waves. Cardiovascular autonomic evaluation showed decreased heart rate variability, orthostatic hypotension without compensatory tachycardia and very low or absent plasma norepinephrine levels. Spinal cord MRI showed extensive T2 hyperintensities of the posterior cords. Patient #1 had positive anti-sulfatide antibodies. One year after onset, recovery of sensory impairment was poor, and autonomic dysfunction was ameliorated with symptomatic treatment. Conclusions: This is the second largest case series ever reported of patients with AASN, an immune-mediated disorder mostly affecting Asian subjects. Patients are usually misdiagnosed, which delays the start of appropriate therapy. Study Supported by: Dysautonomia Foundation, Inc. Disclosure: Dr. Gutierrez has nothing to disclose. Dr. Palma has received personal compensation for activities with Lunbeck as a speaker and advisor. Dr. Mendoza-Santiesteban has nothing to disclose. Dr. Kaufmann received personal compensation from Lundbeck and Astra Zeneca for his membership on Scientific Advisory Board.. Dr. Kaufmann received personal compensation from Springer for serving as editor in Chief of Clinical Autonomic Research.. Dr. Kaufmann received support for conducting clinical trials of Droxidopa for Chelsea Therapeutics..


The feasibility of reconstructing three‐dimensional (3D) MRI data sets from limited‐view projections is investigated in phantom and in vivo animal studies to improve the temporal resolution of magnetic resonance angiography without sacrificing spatial resolution. Thirty‐two pairs of orthogonal biplane projections are acquired in an interleaved manner during the first pass of a contrast agent. The full data set is reconstructed as a priori 3D information. Each pair of projections is then reconstructed into an individual 3D data set based on a correlation analysis with the a priori data set. In this way, time‐resolved 3D data sets at 1‐ to 2‐s time intervals are reconstructed with submillimeter spatial resolution. Artifacts are limited if the image is simply structured or sparse and if SNR is sufficient in the projection images. With this technique, both high temporal and spatial resolution can be achieved simultaneously. Magn Reson Med, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


Abstract The article describes a social network approach to understanding the relationships between academic library employees: knowledge use network and problem solving network with the division into strong and weak ties. The author collected the data based on a semi-structured interview and a questionnaire on a selected population of library staff in a major academic library in Poland. Then, collected data was analyzed through the non-parametric network statistics tests (quadratic assignment procedure [QAP] and multiple regression quadratic assignment procedure [MRQAP]) to test dependencies occurring in social networks of librarians. The results show a relationship between knowledge use and problem solving based on strong and weak ties between librarians, with the beta for weak ties higher than for strong ties. The network methodology is becoming a critical research approach used to understand the informal structures and complexity of the academic library. Thus, it is a valuable tool in the hands of library directors.


Reagents Papain, collagenase H, dithiothreitol (DTT), dithioerythritol (DTE), ovalbumin (OVA), aluminum hydroxide, niflumic acid (NA), nifedipine, caffeine, tetraethylammonium chloride (TEA) and isoproterenol (ISO) were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis, MO, USA). Fluo-4 AM was purchased from Invitrogen (Eugene, OR, USA). Paxilline was obtained from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, MI, USA). Ryanodine, the anti-TMEM16A antibody, and the anti-BK channel β1 and β4 subunit antibodies were purchased from Alomone Labs (Jerusalem, Israel). The anti-BK channel alpha antibody was purchased from Abcam (Cambridge, MA, USA). The anti-BK-FITC antibody was purchased from Biorbyt (Berkeley, CA, USA). Niflumic acid, nifedipine, ryanodine and fluo-4 AM were dissolved in DMSO; the others were dissolved in the corresponding solutions.


The reported energy levels of praseodymium and europium in the host material KY3F10 have been analyzed. Using the x-ray data, lattice sums have been done, and odd crystal-field parameters have been calculated. Using these results, the transition probabilities for both magnetic and electric dipoles have been calculated for the rare earth ions. Discussions are given of the application of the results to a blue-green laser using praseodymium.


The linear stability of a uniformly internally heated, self-gravitating, rapidly rotating fluid sphere is investigated in the presence of an azimuthal magnetic field B0(r, θ)ϕ and azimuthal shear flow U0(r, θ)ϕ (where (r, θ, ϕ) are spherical polar coordinates). Solutions are calculated numerically for magnetic field strengths that produce a Lorentz force comparable in magnitude to that of the Coriolis force. The critical Rayleigh number Rc is found to reach a minimum here and the qualitative behaviour of the thermally driven instabilities in the absence of a shear flow (U0 = 0) is similar to that found by earlier workers (e.g. Fearn 1979b) for the simpler basic state B0 = r sin θ. The effect of a shear flow is followed as its strength (measured by the magnetic Reynolds number Rm) is increased from zero. In the case where the ratio q of thermal to magnetic diffusivities is small (q [Lt ] 1) the effect of the flow becomes significant when Rm = O(q). For Rm > q three features are evident as Rm is increased: the perturbation in the temperature field (but not the other variables when Rm < O(1)) becomes increasingly localized at some point (rL, θL); the phase speed of the instability tends towards the fluid velocity at that point; and Rc increases with Rm with the suggestion that Rc ∝ Rm/q for Rm [Gt ] q although the numerical resolution is insufficient to verify this. Greater resolution is achieved for a simpler problem which retains the essential physics and is described in the accompanying paper (Fearn & Proctor 1983). The possible significance of these results to the geomagnetic secular variation is discussed.


Introduction: The differentiation of reversibly injured, i.e., stunned, myocardium from irreversibly injured myocardium is important for driving clinical therapy. Purpose: A canine model of transient ischemia was used to investigate the role of low dose dobutamine stress (LDDS) tagged and perfusion MRI for the detection of stunned myocardium and recovery at 1 week. Methods: Five mongrel dogs underwent a 20 minute coronary artery balloon occlusion followed by reperfusion to create myocardial stunning. Threedimensional tagged MRI (fast, breath-hold, segmented k-space, ECG-gated gradient echo acquisition) was performed at rest and during 5 ug/kg/min dobutamine stress at one week before (baseline), 1 hr after, and one week after transient ischemia (recovery) on a 1.5 T MR scanner. Short-axis and rotating long-axis tagged images were obtained spanning the left ventricle. The tag lines detection and tracking and 3D circumferential strain in the midwall were calculated in 12 circumferential segments at 8 anatomic levels using custom soft-ware. Myocardial tissue at risk of stunning (S) was identified based on <0.1 ml/g/min microsphere blood flow during occlusion and compared to remote (R) tissue. Early after reperfusion, 248 S segments and 424 R segments were identified for statistical analysis. A linear regression analysis of strain versus time yielded systolic strain rate (SSR) comparing the same S and R segments at baseline and recovery. First-pass CE MRI (saturation recovery fast gradient echo EPI hybrid sequence) was performed in the 4–6 short-axis planes after a 0.05 mmol/kg iv bolus of Gd-DTPA. TTC stain-ing was performed post-mortem. Results: TTC staining demonstrated 100% viable myocardium at euthanasia. Signal intensity time curves of CE MRI were similar between stunned (S) and nonstunned remote (R) tissue (P=NS). SSR was reduced in stunned tissue in the first hours after ischemia relative to remote at rest ( 0.15±0.12 S vs. 0.32±0.10 R, P<0.05). LDDS in the first hours of reperfusion showed improved function in stunned tissue ( 0.30± 0.16 LDDS vs 0.15±0.12 rest, P<0.05) as well as remote ( 0.45±0.23 LLDS vs 0.32±0.10 rest, P<0.05). Moreover, S regions showed complete recovery of function at 1 week at rest ( 0.53±0.23 S vs 0.44± 0.20 R, P=NS). There was no significant change in SSR at rest in R regions from baseline to reperfusion and recovery. LDDS caused significant increase in SSR in all regions at each time point of MR imaging. Conclusion: LDDS MRI with 3D myocardial tagging can non-invasively identify dysfunctional myocardium that can be recruited, which is the hallmark of stunned tissue. CE-MRI did not demonstrate any differences between stunned and non-stunned tissue. Thus, tagged serial MRI exams may be sufficient to demonstrate stunned tissue and recovery at 1 week.


We propose that the shape of the equilibrium T-P phase diagram of a liquid is strongly correlated with the thermodynamic anomalies and the ease of vitrification. The T-P phase diagram of water is characterized by its V shape. By using this specific shape of the phase diagram as a fingerprint, we classify five elements Si, Ge, Sb, Bi, and Ga into water-type atomic liquids. Similarly, some group III-V (e.g., InSb, GaAS, and GaP) and II-VI compounds (e.g., HgTe, CdTe, and CdSe) are also classified into water-type liquids. We demonstrate that the phase behaviors and the thermodynamic and kinetic behaviors of these liquids can be described by the two-order-parameter model that deals with not only density ordering but also bond ordering. In these liquids, the former represents the metallic-bond nature favoring the isotropic symmetry and tries to increase the density upon ordering, while the latter represents the covalent-bond nature favoring the tetrahedral symmetry and tries to decrease it upon ordering. Thus, they are intrinsically competing. This model well explains the shape of the phase diagram, the temperature dependence of the structure factor, and the thermodynamic anomalies of density and heat capacity of liquid Si in a coherent manner. It also predicts that these water-type liquids will be very poor glass formers at ambient pressure, but their glass-forming ability should increase with increasing pressure. This increase in the glass-forming ability is not only due to the thermodynamic reasons, but also due to the kinetic ones.


On the basis of theoretical and experimental results, a simple mechanical framework is developed in which the propagation of the isolated bolus can be understood. It is shown that the pressure in the bolus is determined primarily by the pressure needed to separate the walls of the collapsed ureter, and that the observed variations in the velocity of the leading edge can be accounted for by nonuniformity of the ureteric cross section.


A pseudo-comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography approach with size exclusion chromatography in the first dimension and gradient reversed-phase liquid chromatography in the second dimension was successfully developed for the characterization of vinyl acetate/acrylic acid copolymers and vinyl acetate/itaconic acid/acrylic acid terpolymers. Active solvent modulation was exploited to prevent the polymer breakthrough in the second dimension separation caused by the strong solvent used in the first dimension. The conditions of the active solvent modulation valve were optimized to achieve sufficient on-line dilution and to completely prevent polymer breakthrough without adding excessive time to the modulation cycle. Using this approach, copolymers made with different monomer ratios and processes were studied. Heterogeneous composition distribution due to insufficient monomer incorporation was detected in some of the copolymer samples. We demonstrated that with active solvent modulation, the two-dimensional liquid chromatography approach is no longer limited to water-soluble polymers and can be used for a broader range of polymers and copolymers. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


This study aimed to describe the condition of stress student in completing the thesis viewed from a physiological reaction, psychological, cognitive and behavioral. This study was a descriptive study with a sample of 93 people using simple random sampling. The instrument used in this study is the Student Stress Measurement Scale Completed Thesis (SPSMMS). The study findings revealed that 1) most of the students in completing the thesis stressed in general at a moderate level with a percentage of 35.5%, 2) most of the students in completing the thesis under stress with physiological reactions at a moderate level with a percentage of 40%, 3) most of the students in complete the thesis experiencing psychological stress reactions at a moderate level with a percentage of 38%, 4) most of the students in completing the thesis stressed with cognitive reaction at a moderate level of 35.5%, 5) most students in completing the thesis stressed by the reaction behavior at moderate levels 38.7%. The study recommends necessary counseling services in order to reduce student stress conditions in completing the thesis.


processes — on biological evolution to sustain birth, basic nurturing, and adjustment to ecological changes; on cultural evolution for the wordless imitation and observation that enables people to learn so many of their habits; and on the speech and institutions brought by social evolution for complex communication and our large-scale society. In the remainder of this section


The Orange Health Services (OHS) Emergency Department (ED) like most rural centres had a history of high utilisation of agency staff and high turnover of permanent staff, which has led to high variance within practical skills and competence. So ED decided to form a working party to develop a lattice system to frame the education, competency structure and support the staff career progression. The working party decided to develop a lattice system, combining both theoretical and practical competence testing, within a self-directed learning package, utilising various modes of learning including readings, worksheets, competencies and in-services. A pilot phase was initiated in October 2012 using the CNUMs and other senior staff as test subjects, to review the packages and processes within the department. This process acted as a quality improvement process to identify in-consistencies prior to releasing the package to all staff in December 2012. Each staff member was given an encrypted USB in accordance with NSW Health guidelines, which contained the initial package one, comprising of a competency booklet, a workbook with theory based questions and all readings from which the information had been derived for their information. To ensure consistency in both approach and delivery the assessment of competencies were developed and applied by Cert IV Training and Assessment qualified staff within the ED.


: A second eastern Pacific membranobalanid occurs at several localities in the Galapagos Archipelago off Ecuador. It is found in association with a small clionid sponge that burrows in nonliving parts of such hermatypic corals as Porites and Pavona. Balanus (Membranobalanus) nebrias, new species, is morphologically similar to B. (M.) orcutti Pilsbry, known from southern California and the Gulf of California, and to B. (M.) declivis Darwin of the tropical western Atlantic. The new species is notable for the presence of conspicuous chitinous laminae in the apices of the opercular valves. A second species of the coral-inhabiting barnacle Hexa-creusia Zullo is described on the basis of three specimens living on balanophyllid corals that were dredged from 55 to 90 m. Hexacreusia straeleni, new species, differs from the type species, H. durhami (Zullo) in its association with ahermatypic rather than hermatypic corals and in its conic rather than depressed shape. The two new species described herein are part of a broader study of the cirriped fauna of the Galapagos Archipelago and of the adjacent areas of the tropical eastern Pacific. The overall study is based on collections made by Zullo during the 1964 Galapagos International Scientific Project, on previously unstudied collections in various museums, and on collections recently made by various individuals. This preliminary report is presented to draw attention to two cryptic barnacles in the hope that knowledge of their existence will bring to light additional information on their distribution.


The approximate eigenfunctions of the Morse oscillator are used to obtain by first‐order perturbation treatment the shifts of the transition frequency on intermolecular interactions. The results are shown to converge towards those obtained for the anharmonic oscillator within the limit of low anharmonicity. Subsequently, the obtained expression is used to compute the inhomogeneously broadened vibrational line shape for a number of diatomic molecules in a schematized solvent in the slow modulation limit. The agreement with experiment is fair in view of theoretical shortcomings and experimental errors.


Restricted maximum likelihood (REML) was used to analyze 6500 on-farm performance test records obtained from a local swine breeding farm from 2014 and 2016, consisting of 2651 Landrace (759 boars; 1912 gilts) and 3829 Large White (1145 boars; 2684 gilts). The high heritability estimates based on paternal half sib correlation for average daily gain, ADG (0.65-0.85 in boars, 0.26-0.37 in gilts), feed conversion ratio, FCR (0.26-0.28), weight at end of test, WtEOT (0.60-0.87 in boars, 0.35-0.43 in gilts), backfat thickness - from shoulder, BFT1 (0.52-0.58 in boars, 0.30-0.51 in gilts), midback, BFT2 (0.450.76 in boars, 0.14-0.38 in gilts), ham, BFT3 (0.32-0.61 in boars, 0.36 for gilts), and their average, AveBFT (0.62-0.77 for boars, 0.36-0.42 for gilts) suggest that local selection for performance test traits in Landrace and Large White pigs may lead to substantial response to selection while the significant genetic correlations among them is expected to bring correlated responses in the other traits. Significant phenotypic correlations among performance test traits (except FCR) were positively correlated with each other, ranging from 0.39 to 0.96. FCR was negatively correlated to other boar performance test traits, ranging from -0.32 to -0.83. Significant genetic correlations varied considerably among performance test traits.


The NATO aggression on the FRY during March - June 1999 caused significant degradation of the environment. During the indiscriminate destruction of military and civilian resources, infrastructures and industrial objects, and national parks by various destructive means and weapons, huge amounts of different waste were produced. The destruction of industrial facilities, above all, the oil industry and basic chemistry, but also electrical transmission facilities, produced leakages of various toxic and carcinogenic substances to all components of the environment. The burning of huge amounts a of airplane fuel, bombs with silver-iodide, various alloys and compounds of magnesium and aluminium, besides atmospheric contamination produced changes in the meteorological characteristics of the climate. Usage of DU ammunition introduced new aspects of environmental contamination by military actions with long-lasting, practically persistent consequences. The results of radioactive contamination surveys of the areas affected by DU contamination with risk assessment of the environmental degradation and public health in the vicinity of the contaminated areas are presented in this paper.


The 2021 Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel was awarded to David Card"for his empirical contributions to labour economics"and to Joshua Angrist and Guido Imbens"for their methodological contributions to the analysis of causal relationships."We survey these contributions of the three laureates, and discuss how their empirical and methodological insights transformed the modern practice of applied microeconomics. By emphasizing research design and formalizing the causal content of different econometric procedures, the laureates shed new light on key questions in labour economics and advanced a robust toolkit for empirical analyses across many fields.


In the field of management it has long been recognised that effective management of any given outcome requires knowledge and control of inputs to the system. This is also true in healthcare particularly in Type 1 diabetes (T1D), a common and severe chronic disease in childhood which is a huge health, social and economic burden 1,2 . In T1D the outcome, in terms of prevention of diabetes related complications, has been clearly shown to be related to resource dependent disease management 3 and more recently the Hvidore Study group demonstrated better glycaemic control in those patients with more clinical contact 4 . Availability of robust reliable data is vital to inform effective resource allocation decisions to optimise health outcomes and ensure effective utilisation of resources, while minimising the opportunity cost of misplaced resources. Particularly critical as in current times when resources are scarce. Indeed one would question how it is possible to appropriately plan services in the absence of such information. Internationally the value of reliable epidemiological data regarding Type 1 diabetes has long been recognised with the establishment of the DIAMOND project by the World Health Organisation in 1990 5 and the Euroodiab collaborations, which have monitored the epidemiology of this important disease since the late 1980s 6,7 . These studies have shown annual increases in incidence of T1D ranging from 0.6 – 9.3% in most European populations, the average increase being 3.9% 6 Many countries have established national Diabetes Registries to monitor T1D in their populations. Despite T1D in childhood and adolescence being a readily identifiable disease, as it is rapidly fatal without the administration of insulin, there were limited data available regarding the number affected with this condition in Ireland. In the past Ireland was considered a country with a very low incidence of T1D 8,9 and services configured accordingly. Clinicians however felt this was not the case and to address this data deficiency a baseline incidence study was undertaken in 1997 10 and the process to develop a national Register commenced. The Irish Childhood National Diabetes Register (ICDNR) was established in 2008 with the generous support of the National Childrens Hospital Foundation, It has been designed to comply with all statutory policies regarding data collection, storage and maintenance within the Data Protection Acts and HIQA policies. Its role to define and monitor the epidemiology of T1D in those aged under 15 years in the ROI. The ICDNR is a prospective incident register thus it records in a robust fashion new cases of T1D. It has been strongly supported by Children, families and Health Professionals nationally. As a result of the establishment of the ICDNR for the first time it can be confidently confirmed that Ireland has a high incidence of T1D in the child and adolescent population and that the incidence of this disease has risen substantially since the baseline study of 1997 11 . The increase has been of the order of 5% per annum (although it must be recognised that incidence rates in T1D are not linear over time 7 ). Data on almost 1500 children and adolescents with T1D is currently maintained in the Register. The benefits of the ICDNR includes provision of comprehensive and accurate data regarding annual incidence of Type 1 diabetes in children and adolescents in Ireland since 2008. It provides accurate demographic data, allowing identification of areas of higher disease density and evaluation of sub populations with diabetes who require special consideration, e.g. those aged under 5 or adolescent cohorts. These data permit the design of healthcare services to support the National Model of Care. Such data enables reconfiguration of healthcare services to meet specific needs, such as, prioritising the development of transition services in areas where large growth in the adolescent populations with T1D can be forecast. The period of transition from child to adult services for those with diabetes is an area of particular risk where young people may fall out of care and re-engage only with life-threatening crises. The data provided by the ICDNR is the most accurate and robust data regarding childhood diabetes in Ireland and is invaluable to support strategic developments in resource allocation and service provision for childhood diabetes. The ICDNR has already made a significant contribution by providing data and forecasts to inform the HSEs initiative to prioritise Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion therapy to children under 5, led by Dr Stephen O'Riordan, Clinical Lead for Paediatric Diabetes. As the Register is maintained over time the annual incidence data will permit accurate determination of the total number of young people (prevalence) under 15 years with T1D in the ROI. Assessing prevalence over time using meticulously collected incidence data is the most robust and reliable method, as in the absence of a unique patient identifier self-reported cross-sectional analysis of centres would be unreliable due to multiple counting of cases (many with diabetes attend more than one centre), uncertainty of diagnosis (increasing numbers of type 2 or monogenic diabetes in this age group)and under-reporting ( most paediatric T1D centres do not have a computerised database). The ICDNR enables monitoring of changes in disease epidemiology in the population over time and the pattern and frequency of serious disease complications at diagnosis. A vital function of the ICDNR is that it will enable the assessment of completeness of audit through provision of reliable accurate denominator data, thereby enhancing patient care and improving disease outcomes. In the absence of accurate denominator data it is possible that a significant proportion of the audit population could be missed due to non-attendance etc thus yielding misleading results. As a national disease register the ICDNR participates with the Eurodiab collaboration to aid further insight into the causation of this common complex disease. The ICDNR is an invaluable resource in Type 1 diabetes which provides a unique insight into the development of this disease in the Irish population and the resources required to appropriately address the needs of this large patient group, thereby optimising service delivery and enhancing patient care.


Although common people in their daily routine are not aware, Molecular Biology definitely contributes to human welfare. Due to its wide range of applications, from biotechnology to medicine, Molecular Biology gained considerable importance in our society. However, scientific knowledge is constantly evolving demanding and increasing of time for teachers to update. In this scenario, it became imperious the organization of Molecular Biology education complements targeted to Secondary teachers. In this study, we intended to assess teachers' Molecular Biology background and its upgrade after attending to a Molecular biology course, involving 25 hours of lectures and laboratory sessions.


The invention discloses a method for removing carbon deposit in the regenerating process of alkane dehydrogenation catalysts. The method includes the following processes that firstly, at 50-200 DEG C, a hydrogen peroxide solution with the mass fraction being 10-30wt% is introduced into a catalyst bed at the mass airspeed being 0.1-10h to be subjected to charking, and the operation is maintained for 0.5-1 h; secondly, at 200-400 DEG C, a hydrogen peroxide solution with the mass fraction being 1-10wt% is introduced into the catalyst bed at the mass airspeed being 0.1-10h to be subjected to charking, and the operation is maintained for 0.5-2 h. In the method, the hydrogen peroxide solution in use is used for removing the carbon deposit of the catalysts, regeneration temperature is low, the carbon removing process is simple, and carbon removal is thorough; the pore structure, the active component dispersity and the dehydrogenation activity of the catalysts losing activity do not change obviously before or after the hydrogen peroxide solution is used for removing the carbon deposit.


The increasing use of computer based equipments in weapons systems and their associated sensors and command and control elements and the trend from voice to data communications have been responsible for formulating the requirement for robust data communications systems for use in the Forward Area Tactical Environment. This paper describes the philosophy, design and performance of a fully distributed medium speed Packet Radio network for providing survivable data communications in a hostile electromagnetic environment.


EEG Reactivity as Predictor of Neurological Outcome in Postanoxic Coma: A Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study Admiraal MM, van Rootselaar AF, Hofmeijer J, Hoedemaekers CWE, van Kaam CR, Keijzer HM, van Putten MJAM, Schultz MJ, Horn J. Ann Neurol. 2019. doi:10.1002/ana.25507. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 31124174 Objective: Outcome prediction in patients after cardiac arrest (CA) is challenging. Electroencephalogram reactivity (EEG-R) might be a reliable predictor. We aimed to determine the prognostic value of EEG-R using a standardized assessment. Methods: In a prospective cohort study, a strictly defined EEG-R assessment protocol was executed twice a day in adult patients after CA. The EEG-R was classified as "present" or "absent" by 3 EEG readers, blinded for patient characteristics. Uncertain reactivity was classified as "present." Primary outcome was best Cerebral Performance Category (CPC) in 6 months after CA, dichotomized as "good" (CPC 1-2) or "poor" (CPC 3-5). The EEG-R was considered reliable for predicting poor outcome if specificity was ≥95%. For good outcome prediction, a specificity of ≥80% was used. Added value of EEG-R was the increase in specificity when combined with EEG background, neurological examination, and somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEP). Results: Of 160 patients enrolled, 149 were available for analyses. The absence of EEG-R for poor outcome prediction had specificity of 82% and sensitivity of 73%. For good outcome prediction, specificity was 73% and sensitivity was 82%. Specificity for poor outcome prediction increased from 98% to 99% when EEG-R was added to a multimodal model. For good outcome prediction, specificity increased from 70% to 89%. Interpretation: The EEG-R testing in itself is not sufficiently reliable for outcome prediction in patients after CA. For poor outcome prediction, it has no substantial added value to EEG background, neurological examination, and SSEP. For prediction of good outcome, EEG-R seems to have added value. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


The utility model relates to a pneumatic compensating polishing grinding head which mainly comprises a motor, a motor shaft, a main shaft, an abrasive wheel, a shaft connecting device, etc., wherein the main shaft and the motor shaft forms a rotating fit in an axial slide state, a bearing and a bearing seat are additionally arranged on the main shaft, a connecting rod on the bearing seat is fixedly connected with the output end of a pneumatic cylinder and the connecting rod is driven by the pneumatic cylinder to realize the axial feed of the main shaft. Thereby, a clearance between the abrasive wheel and a workpiece, which is caused by the abrasion of the abrasive wheel, is compensated, the quality of polishing and grinding is ensured and the position of the grinding head does not need adjusting or newly positioning.


The article is devoted to consideration of the issue of correlation between legal communication and legal dialogue. The author considers that legal communication is a law and dialogue phenomenon and draws the conclusion that communication is an interactive dialogue between the subjects of law, specific means for legal dialogue.


This dataset contains a unified GeoTiff with 30x30 meter cell size representing the bathymetry of the Charleston Bump off of the South Atlantic Bight, derived from data collected in 2003 by the NOAA Ship Little Hales. NOAA's NOS/NCCOS/CCMA Biogeography Branch, in collaboration with the South Carolina Department of Natural Resources, as well as the NOAA Ship Little Hales , and private sector partners, acquired multibeam bathymetry data off the Charleston Bump from 06/24/2003 to 06/30/2003. Data was acquired with a hull-mounted Kongsberg Simrad Single Beam Echosounder. It was processed by interpolating a bathymetrical surface from feature class points using the spatial analyst natural neighbor tool with 9 neighbor cell radius. The raster surface was exported as a 30m GeoTiff.


Chapter 1 The "Suburbanization" of the Mountain West Chapter 2 Economic Trends in the Mountain Counties: Rural-Urban Convergence Chapter 3 Population Spreading in the Mountain West: Mobility and Footloose Income Chapter 4 The Cumulative Ecological Consequences of Mountain West Economic Development Chapter 5 Rural Sprawl and Rare and Threatened Species in the Mountain West Chapter 6 Local Growth and Support for Preserving the Natural Landscape in the Sierra Nevada Mountains Chapter 7 Saving the Landscape: Environmental Change and the Land Trust Movement in the Mountain West Chapter 8 The Environmental Ethics of Rural Sprawl: Ecological Cities and Biodiversity Chapter 9 Strategies for Limiting Rural Sprawl


Mechanisms by which cell surface levels of the BCR are regulated remain largely unknown. We found that B cells lacking the lysosomal-associated protein transmembrane 5 (LAPTM5) expressed higher levels of cell surface BCR than did wild-type (WT) B cells after Ag stimulation in vitro and in vivo. In addition, LAPTM5-deficient mice contained an increased frequency of Ag-specific B cells and produced greater amounts of Abs than did WT mice after immunization with a T-dependent Ag. Adoptive transfer of LAPTM5-deficient B cells with WT T cells into RAG1-deficient mice revealed that the increased surface BCR levels and the enhanced B cell activation and Ab production were due to a B cell intrinsic defect. As they aged, the LAPTM5-deficient mice had increased titers of serum IgM and autoantibodies and immune complex deposition in the kidney. Immunofluorescent and biochemical analysis revealed that LAPTM5 physically interacted with the BCR complex and promoted its degradation in the lysosomal compartment in mouse B cells. These results demonstrate a role for LAPTM5 in the negative regulation of cell surface BCR levels and B cell activation. The Journal of Immunology , 2010, 185: 294–301.


Children constitute an important target market and merit attention from a marketing perspective. Children constitute three different markets: the primary, the influencer, and the future market. For some products children are primary buyers, they sometimes purchase a product themselves or select the product before it is purchased by the parents. For other products, which are used by the entire family unit, they may influence purchases made by the parents or in other case children wield direct influence or pester power by overtly specifying their preferences and voicing them aloud. The amount of influence exerted by children varies by product category and stages of the decision making process. This 'passive dictation' of choice is prevalent for a wide variety of daily consumed product items as well as products for household consumption. Also, decision making in households is seen to change with the mere presence of children. A supportive family system also means that grandparents, uncles and aunts play a very vital role in ensuring that children do not fall prey to advertisement and marketing gimmicks very easily. It is a war between marketers and the family, where the marketer is using money & resources to entice children and the family uses its strength & values to protect the children. We can continue to hope the family wins.


Cased hole directional window cutting drilling is a special drilling technology. It not only could make the "dead well" reproduce, but also could directly use the existing surface installations, reducing the cost of exploitation greatly. Satisfactory results have been reached by substituting imported CBL logging tool of DDL series with home made cement bond logging tool SJC 2C. This paper introduces the principle and characteristics of cement bond logging tool SJC 2C. Some comments on its application effects are also present.


"A disposition of land belonging to a native in favour of a non-native or conferring on a non-native any rights over the land of a native shall not be operative unless it is in writing and unless and until it is approved by the Minister." [Land (Law of Property and Conveyancing) Ordinance, s. 11(i).]


The Mediterranean basin occasionally hosts tropical‐like cyclones named "Medicanes". Medicanes may have intensity comparable to hurricanes in terms of wind speeds along with an axisymmetric cloud structure. Although these events can be particularly violent, very few studies so far have investigated the distribution and temporal evolution of deep convection within these cyclones. In this study, the characteristics and lifetime of deep convection and lightning activity surrounding the core of the longest‐lasting and probably the most intense Medicane ever recorded in terms of wind speed (Rolf, November 2011) are presented by all available means of microwave and infrared satellite retrievals and a lightning detection system. Results showed that deep convective clouds penetrated the lowest stratosphere and were wrapped around the cyclone centre during the intensification period. Lightning activity was mostly active about a day before the maximum strength of the cyclone studied and it was not temporarily correlated with the most intense deep convection activity. Overall, this study reveals that spatial and temporal distribution of deep convection and lightning activity around the centre of Rolf show more similarities with Tropical Cyclones than intense Mediterranean cyclones.


The word Malai denotes inhabitant of the hills (malai – hill or mountain). Etymologically, the word Malayali is derived from the word Malai and ali which means in inhabitants of the hills. The Malayalis have not; however, like the Todas of the Nilgiris, any claim to be considered as an ancient hill tribe. The Malayalis come under the Twenty fifth number in the list of Scheduled Tribes.A majority of them are found in the hill areas are Javathu hills, the Shervaroy, the Kalrayan, the Pachamalai and the Kolli Hills. They are known as Tamil Nadu Hills. According to Thurston, the term Malayali has been derived from the words Malai meaning hill and almeaning person and is used to denote hill people. Etymologically the word is derived from Malai – Hills and ali – inhabitants. The Malayalis normally conform to the norms and traditions of their society through the influences of three agencies, viz., and authority of elders, public opinion and religious beliefs. They have a well organized and tradition bound system of tribal administration. In all the hills, the tribal areas are divided into nadus. Kollimalai, tribal area is divided into 14 nadus. The chief of a nadu is called Periyapattakaran, whose office is hereditary. Each nadu is sub-divided into urs[village] which are governed by Ur-goundan. The office of the Ur-goundan is elective. He is helped by Karakkaran is setting disputes among the tribes. Karaikkaran are elected from different clans in an Ur, on appeal, disputes are settled by Periya pattakarans. Hence decisions of the Ur-goundars and Karaikarans are renewed by Periya pattakarar. The Kollimalayalis normally conform to the norms and traditions of their society. There are no written norms only the followed the ancestor's way.There are fourteen nadu in the region of Kolli hills as follows,Vazhavanruinadu,Thinnurnadu,SelurNadu,DevabyrnaduValapurna du,AriyurnaduGundurnadu,Alaruurnadu,Gundaninadu,Thinpulginadu,Perakkarainadu,Citurarnadu,Edapulinnadu and Bailnadu. It has to jurisdiction over all the settlement in the divisions of the hills. They discuss important function, Panchayat and festivals, the head man of the tribal council is referred to as Pattakkarar and he is superior authority or all villages and he is dealing authority of the entire hills. The village council is headed by the Ur-gounder (village headman) to whom the other member like Karakkarar, Tharmakarta, Thahdalkarar and Poojari. The entire member do assist him in solving the inter and intra-village disputes, every village meeting is conducted in presence of the members of both the traditional village Panchayat. The Ur-goundar and Karakkarar take the leading rules both of them equally respected by the village. They followed traditional norms and customs. The tribal women not recognized to participated Panchayat council. The village Panchayat meeting held in under the tree or temple. They deals and discuss such cases are quarrel between two family, marriage, divorce, fair and festival etc. The head man consult for all members of village panchayat finally take decision. Their judgments or decision to accepted all members of the village council. The Pachaimalai nadu is divided into four. Each of which is commonly governed by Dories, the tribal council is presided over by a Periyadorai, who's under the Dorais there are certain Mandris to assist some duty for head. Each village has a headman called on the Muppan and on the kollimalais,Urgourdan or Kuttimaniyan, all the appointment are hereditary. The tribal council at the hills level is known as the Nattu koottom [hill assembly] 10 the headman of the tribal council is referred to as Periyadorai or Thorekkavendan .it has the jurisdiction over all the settlement in the three chief divisions of the hills. Only to discuss common problems, development schemes and to fix the date of festivals representatives of all the settlements meet the headman of the tribal council.


The first THESIS symposium in 2011 has demonstrated once more the gap between fundamental two-phase flow theory and modelling at one side and its efficient applicability to large-scale engineering problems of sediment transport in rivers, estuaries and coastal zones at the other side. Several reasons have been identified which explain the expected little gain from two-phase flow theory over a more conventional engineering approach, which is often incorrectly interpreted as a single-phase theory, whereas in reality its correct formulation is based on mixture theory [1]. The major reason is the observation that two-phase flow effects are only significant in high-concentrated suspensions where four-way coupling explains the interaction between fluid and particles. In the majority of practical cases, these conditions only occur in a thin layer near the bottom, except for hyper-concentrated sediment transport, which is known to occur in some rivers (e.g. China), density currents (including submarine avalanches and mudflows in mountainous areas) and dredging. Present two-phase flow theory has only proven to be accurate for low-concentration (dilute) conditions. For this regime, mixture theory modelling is not performing worse, as demonstrated by Bombardelli & Jha [2]. A major reason for problems at high concentrations is the fact that the flow around a particle (such as particle wakes) is not resolved in the twofluid approach. This would require DNS of turbulent shear flow of a fluid carrying a cloud of particles. This has not yet been achieved. The two-fluid modelling approach furthermore neglects the turbulent energy of the particles. An alternative, under investigation at KU Leuven, is the consistent extension of a more classical sediment transport model, based on mixture theory with inclusion of a drift closure. In essence, it is theoretically equivalent to the two-fluid two-phase flow theory, since it solves the sum of the weighted averaged equations for the hydrodynamics of the mixture, together with closures for the velocity lag and turbulence, but maintaining fluid velocity, fluid pressure and solids concentration as primary variables. This set of equations eventually should allow the construction of the necessary closures and near-bottom boundary conditions of the earlier proposed two-layer approach for large-scale engineering applications [1]. Based on progress with the low-Reynolds mixing-length model [1], recommendations are made for future research to close the gap between both approaches.


The COVID-19 pandemic severely impacted healthcare service delivery globally. The aim of this study was to assess effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the uptake of routine healthcare services related to maternal, newborn, child, and women's health (MNCWH) in Tshwane District, an urban locality in Gauteng Province, South Africa. As part of the observational Tshwane Maternal-Child COVID-19 study, routine data sources, including the District Health Information System and other district-based datasets, were studied from April 2019 to March 2022, to describe the impact of the first four COVID-19 waves in Tshwane District. The year pre-pandemic was used as a baseline. Data included MNCWH data elements/indicators, child health data elements/indicators, and COVID-19 surveillance data. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, together with visual analysis of trends over time. Statistical investigation included testing of differences between data from the pre-pandemic year (as baseline) and data from the following two pandemic years (2020/2021 and 2021/2022), as per the National Department of Health's financial years (from April to March of the following year). Multiple MNCWH health elements/indicators showed major decreases during the COVID-19 pandemic period, with preventive services rendered at primary healthcare and community level more severely affected than facility-based clinical services. The most significant decreases were recorded during the first pandemic year, most notably during the first strict lockdown period, with partial or complete recovery in the second pandemic year, while selected indicators saw large impacts during the actual COVID-19 waves. The COVID-19 pandemic severely impacted the ability of women and children to access healthcare services in this large urban district in South Africa. Health system strengthening measures and adequate planning for future emergency situations are crucial to mitigate the negative impact on maternal and child health, as South Africa strives to move towards reaching its Sustainable Development Goals.


Anyone who teaches persuasive writing has repeatedly read two kinds of ineffective papers: one that takes a well-known slogan (or a series of slogans) and beats the reader over the head with it, and one that evades the argument altogether by presenting some noncontroversial platitude as the thesis. One student may argue that "Guns don't kill people; people do," and another that "People should be nice to each other." Neither paper changes the mind of an informed and intelligent reader, nor does writing either paper teach the student anything significant about the topic or about writing itself. Interestingly enough, if you point these problems out to students, they will often tell you that they didn't expect to persuade anyone, that they didn't expect the paper to have any effect on the reader. This means that the students' purpose was merely to write the paper to please the teacher. People from Quintillian to Booth have described what results when students simply fulfill a task that they perceive as arbitrary: boring and fairly pointless work for both students and teachers.


On November 11, 2016, Bakersfield punks LOSER LIFE will be formally be issuing all of their previously cassette and vinyl-only releases onto all digital ...


A geometrically optimal conflict detection and resolution method was proposed to make up for the defect of current methods in engineering applications conflict resolution. Firstly, the conflict resolution point of the problem is defined, at which point the possible flight conflicts between aircrafts are predicted; Secondly, the same direction same angle (SDSA) is adopted to solve the flight conflict, that is, the two aircrafts turn the same angle to the same side at the same time on the original track to obtain a new track crossing point, namely a track recovery point. Thus the minimum separation between the two planes is always maintained. Finally, the simulation results show that the method is simple and efficient.


Globalisation is considered from height of the western civilized the unipolar world, that mostly answers to claims Faust's spirit. It conducts to general nevelling and loss of a cultural originality.


Abstract : This report presents preliminary results of an experimental study of water mist suppression of forced flow boundary layer flames over a non-charring solid, where fine water mist was introduced with the incoming air. In this configuration, extinguishment at high mist flow rates is achieved only by flame blow-off. With small droplets (^5O micrometer) at low mist flow rates, the time-averaged local burning rate seems to be suppressed in the leading section and enhanced downstream. A comparison of the burning rate and temperature data between tests with mist and tests with nitrogen dilution suggest that this enhancement in burning rate is caused by mist-induced turbulence.


Paper mainly enlightens the use of Laser for drilling using optimization of different input variables such as laser power, scanning speed, gas pressure. The quality of hole drilled is measured and validated by response variables such as hole taper, surface roughness .To judge the quality of hole, different parameters are playing important role. Nowadays laser drilling is used to minimize the working time with preferable cost.


The invention relates to an assistance determination system of a distribution network programming proposal in a electricity technical field, which includes a data input and output module, a power-supply reliability index generation module, a power-supply capacity index generation module, a power-supply quality index generation module, a short-circuit electric-current level index generation module, an economy index generation module, an integrated index generation module, a module for analyzing preconceived accident and displaying an analysis report on the preconceived accident consequence and an inquiry module for an calculation result on the assessment index of the distribution network. The data input and output module is used for inputting the data of the distribution network proposal into each index generation module, and outputting the assessment index calculated by each index generation module. Each index is calculated by each index generation module through calling a topology analysis and a power flow calculation, and the analysis reporting module and the inquiry module carry out an analysis and a report to each module respectively. The invention finds out existing problems and weak steps of the projected proposal quickly and accurately, and provides scientific basis for a revise and an execution of the projected proposal.


In view of the life status mass data collected, Wireless Sensor Networks(WSN) has a problem of limited sampling rate and low encoding efficiency, etc. Under the Nyquist sampling criterion, traditional data encoding way has reached Shannon limit performance, and spectrum efficiency has little room for improvement. So it becomes very urgent to compress the data and reduce communication expenditure. The authors plan to use the technology of Overlapped Time Division Multiplexing(OVTDM) and Compressive Sensing(CS) jointly to carry out further research on life status Data of WSN, which overthrows traditional Nyquist criterion respectively. Under the precondition of source encoding and channel encoding, the research idea is to use CS to reduce the amount of data procession sharply, and to combine OVTDM to improve the encoding efficiency and spectrum efficiency significantly. The specific approach is to build a typical data decoding system model of WSN, and to research bit error rate and signal to noise ratio of data encoding under different fading channel using the different procession methods, which aims at assessing the research effect of data encoding improvement in WSN. The project will not only break through the theory bottleneck of the existing technology, but also has important significance for clarifying the mechanism of transmission and encoding of life status data in WSN, revealing the research law of basic theory, and expanding the engineering application fields of this technology.