The dynamic increment of tooth load derived from the new theory is verified by experiment, which is expressed as a function of two variables, velocity and operating load, with the parameter of tooth surface modification, when the dimensions and the tooth-pair spring constant of the gear pair are given. This dynamic incremental load can be used as an index of the dynamic performance of a gear pair, such as noise, vibration and dynamic load. A gear design method to minimize the index is discussed theoretically, which clarifies that there are combinations of tooth surface modification, tooth-pair spring constant and static load which minimize the index and that, in the gear pair which realizes no dynamic incremental load (the index=0) under any load, the tooth surface is not modified and the equivalent tooth-pair spring constant does not vary. In other words, designing a gear pair to show good dynamic performance under any load means realizing an equivalent tooth-pair spring constant with variation as small as possible by choosing the optimal dimensions and realizing tooth suface modification as small as possible by choosing proper manufacturing processes.


This reseacrh aimed tounderstand: (1) The influence of product on
purchasing decisions, (2) The influence of promotion on purchasing decisions, (3)
The influence of place on purchasing decisions, (4) The influence of people on
purchasing decisions, (5) The effect of product, promotion, place and people on
purchasing decisions. The research by using quantitative approach. The
population in this study are consumers who use Bolt 4G LTE products located in
Karawaci Tangerang. The sample in this study amounted to 180 respondents. The
data collection technique used wa questionnaire. The data analysis was done by
using multiple regression analysis. Based on the results of data analysis shows
that the partially variable product, place and people have a positive and
significant effect on purchasing decisions on products Bolt 4G LTE and only the
promotion variable that is partially no effect and no significant to the purchase
decision on the product Bolt 4G LTE. Simultaneously the four independent
variables product, promotion, place and people have a positive and significant
effect on purchasing decisions on products Bolt 4G LTE.
Keywords : Product, Promotion, Place, People, Purchasing Decisions

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui : (1) Pengaruh product terhadap keputusan pembelian, (2) Pengaruh promotion terhadap keputusan pembelian, (3) Pengaruh place terhadap keputusan pembelian, (4) Pengaruh people terhadap keputusan pembelian, (5) Pengaruh product, promotion, place dan people terhadap keputusan pembelian. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah konsumen yang menggunakan produk Bolt 4G LTE yang berada di Karawaci Tangerang. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 180 responden. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner sedangkan analisis data menggunakan analisis regresi berganda. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa secara parsial variabel product, place dan people berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian pada produk Bolt 4G LTE dan hanya variabel promotion yang secara parsial tidak berpengaruh dan tidak signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian pada produk Bolt 4G LTE. Bersama - sama atau simultan keempat variabel bebas yaitu product, promotion, place dan people berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian pada produk Bolt 4G LTE
Kata kunci : Product, Promotion, Place, People, Keputusan Pembelian


Perispore morphology of the Australian members of the Aspleniaceae is examined with use of both the light and scanning electron microscopes. A range of character states is described, and suitable terminology is defined. The results are used in conjunction with other morphological data to suggest a tentative taxonomic grouping of the Australian species.


One would be concerned, however, if it were the premise of this book that all history must be styled so that the logical process dominates the presentation. Historical writing is concerned with communication, and like all writing is phrased consistently with the expectations and capabilities of its audience. Primary research reports, targeting specialists, can certainly be expected to demonstrate the rigour described by Guillaume. But it is certainly no indictment of more general works (such as Tarn's and Narain's), intended to distill for a broader public the overview of research to date, that they fail to reveal at all times their logical processes. History is about humans and their activities, and human interest must also respond to aesthetic criteria.


The authors calulate the potential O_(2)-O_(2),O_(2)-N_(2),andO-N_(2)by usingTang-Tonenies potential Model,which obtain two important parameters of potentialR_(m)and.On the basic of this The authors calulate viscosity coefficentand diffusion coefficentof O_(2)-O_2 system.The result is in agreement with those recognized datas,this indicated that Tang-Tonenies potential Model is feasible to calculate the potential of the O_(2)-O_(2)system.


The English translation of the Selected Works of Mao Tse-tung is a collective work, which aggregated wisdom and painstaking efforts of high-level domestic translators. The research on the English versions of the Selected Works of Mao Tse-tung in the context of globalization is of profound significance for popularizing the works of leaders in foreign countries. The authors compare two English versions from the multiple perspectives, i.e.: version requirement, translator study and contrastive study.


Abstract This is a preface for the special issue 'Assessment of pathways of the net zero GHG emission consistent with 1.5 °C target'. To achieve the 1.5 °C target, it will be necessary to shift from the current greenhouse gas emissions trajectory to the targets in Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), and then further to net zero emissions not only in the developed countries but also in the developing countries. The articles in this special issue examine the greenhouse gas emission pathways and mitigation measures consistent with the 1.5 °C target in eight countries covering around 50% of global GHG emissions currently, and also those for the world as a whole.


The invention provides a near field communication device comprising a near field processing chip used for receiving and sending a near field communication signal, a voltage conversion chip used for converting voltage, a first transformer a and a connector, wherein the connector and the near field processing chip are connected with the first transformer, the connector is used for transmitting the near field communication signal, the connector is further used for receiving a voltage signal and transmitting the voltage signal to the first transformer, the first transformer transmits the voltage signal to the voltage conversion chip to obtain a working voltage of the near field communication device, and the first transformer is further connected with the near field processing chip to transmit a first AC signal to the connector. The invention further provides a near field communication system applying the near field communication device.


PURPOSE: A map information providing apparatus using an SMS(Short Message Service) in a portable terminal and a method thereof are provided to share location information with the terminal which does not have the interpretation ability of map data. CONSTITUTION: A controller(212) extracts map data around a destination. The controller writes out a short message showing the map data. A communication unit(206) transmits the short message to an opponent portable terminal. The controller calculates the relative coordinate of the destination and at least one POI(Point Of Interest) on the basis of zero point. The controller writes out a road, the destination, and at least one POI to the short message by using special characters.


Objective To evaluate the protective effect and mechanism of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge(SMB) against seizureinduced cerebral neuron injury of premature rats.Methods Megimide(20mg/kg) was injected into healthy infant rats(21d) to evoke status epilepticus(SE).The ultrastructure changes of the hippocampus neurons were observed under the electronic microscope.At the same time points,the level of neuron speertic enolale NSE in rat sera was tested with ELISA.Results The hippocampus neurons of SE group rats,the mitochondria volume decreased,the matrix condensed,the ridge obscured or disappeared.Compared with the SE group,there was a significant improvement in nutron injury in SMB group.The SE group rats in the 72 h after seizures had a high level of NSE in sera.But the SMB group was lower.Conclusion Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge has a positive effect on the seizure-induced brain neuron injury of premature rats.The serum NSE may be an effective marker used to tell the existence of neuron injury and point out the recovery.


The notion of resiliency is concerned with constructing applications that are able to operate through a wide variety of computer failures and attacks. Several approaches have been proposed to provide fault tolerance through the replication of resources. In general, these approaches provide graceful degradation of performance to the point of failure but do not guarantee progress in the presence of multiple cascading and recurrent failures. Our approach is to dynamically replicate processes, detect inconsistencies in their behavior, and restore the level of resiliency as the computation proceeds. This paper presents an analytical framework to perform reliability analysis of the proposed approach to resilience. The framework includes an analytical model of reliability of resilient applications. In addition, three analytical models from the fault tolerant literature are included: an independent and identically distributed fault model, a correlated fault model, and a computer worm model. These models provide a basis for quantitative analysis of reliability. We show that the reliability of resilient applications is orders of magnitude greater than static fault tolerance in the presence of correlated faults. In addition, resilience allows applications to operate through computer worm attacks, provided that it is part of a comprehensive defense strategy.


Ten new species of Guarea from Nicaragua, Costa Rica and Panama are described and illustrated, and their relationships to other species of the genus are discussed. RESUMEN. Se describen e ilustran 10 especies nuevas de Guarea de Nicaragua, Costa Rica y Panama; ademas, se discuten sus afi nidades con otras especies del genero.


Multiple resources allocation in large scale datacenter has been widely studied and used in recent years. However, the existing scheduling methods have some shortcomings in the heterogeneous environment, such as starving certain jobs, leaving some important resources unallocated, and decreasing system throughput. In this paper, we generalize the most popular multi-resource scheduling algorithm, Dominant Resource Fairness (DRF), to the heterogeneous datacenter, and propose the Heterogeneous DRF (H-DRF) algorithm. In H-DRF, we first introduce the parameter of weight for coprocessors to avoid job starvation and important resources unallocated. Second, we consider the factors of running tasks and average executing time of each job to ensure the fairness and throughput of the system. Finally, we implement H-DRF algorithm in the YARN resource manager for scheduling diverse workloads. The experimental results show that our proposed algorithm, H-DRF, leads to higher resources utilization and better throughput than DRF sharing scheme in heterogeneous datacenter.


Industrial drive systems are difficult to control efficiently, because of the nonlinear transfer function and the extremely fast response of their feeding power electronic converters. In view of this, the authors present a novel algorithm which takes advantage of the minimal prototype concept (fast response) and variable-structure and sliding-system concepts. This algorithm synthesizes two regulators: minimal response sliding (MRS) and minimal response integral sliding (MRIS). Both of these regulators rescind an error in minimal time. However, the first regulator allows an error which is cancelled by the second one.<<ETX>>


The GPS/GLONASS data processing and application of two (or more) global positioning system offers manypractical benefits. In this paper, some GNSS data of IGS sites (BAKO, COCO, NTUS and LHAZ) has been collectedand processed by Bernese 5.0 software.The results show that, baseline processing achieved satisfactory accuracy with relative error about 1/764 000 000,error of adjusted coordinates smaller than 2 mm in large spatial scales network- the distance about 4500km.Based on of those parameters, a conclusion can be made, GPS/GLONASS data absolutely fulfill requirements ofinvestigation crustal movements. References Alexei E. Zinoviev, Topcon PositioningSystems CIS, LLC, 2005. Using GLONASS in20combined GNSS Receivers: Current Status. IONGNSS 18th International Technical Meeting of theSatellite Division, 13-16 September 2005, LongBeach, CA. Bykhanov, E., 1999. Timing and Positioningwith GLONASS and GPS". GPSSolution, Vol. 3,No.1, pp. 26-31. C. Boucher, Z. Altamimi, 2001. ITRS, PZ-90 and WGS-84: curent realization and the relatedtransformation parameters. Journal of Geodesy, 75,613-619. M. P. Stewart1 et al., 2000. Thecontribution of GLONASS measurements toregional and continental scale geodetic monitoringregimes. Earth Planets Space, 52, 877-880. Mitrikas, V. V., S.G. Revnivykh, E.V.Bykhanov, 1998. WGS84/PZ90 transformationparameters determination based on laser andephemeris long-term GLONASS orbital dataprocessing. Proceedings of ION-GPS 98, theInstitute of Navigation, Part II, pp. 1625-1635. Rolf Dach, Urs Hugentober, Peter Walser, 2008. Bernese GPS Software Version 5.0.Astronomical Institute, University of Bern. Vy Quốc Hải, 2010. Xử lý số liệu GLONASS phục vụ nghien cứu địa động lực. Tạp chi Cac Khoa học về Trai Đất, T.30, 4, tr.343-347. Vy Quốc Hải, 2013. So sanh kết quả xử lý số liệu GPS va GLONASS. Tạp chi Cac Khoa học về Trai Đất, T.35, 1, tr.60-65.


The state of steam turbine manufacturing in Russia and its achievements and shortcomings are discussed. The reasons why it fell behind the new advancements of leading foreign manufacturers are analyzed. Ways for the development of new steam turbine installations are discussed.


In this paper, a newly constructive arithmetic based on random data is presented about the automobile cover style design problem such as advanced surface style and reverse engineering. This algorithm extracts latent points by plane curvature method as the control points of NURBS curve from three-dimensional data contour during certain local area. Then get the NURBS curve from the latent generatrix to divide the region. The algorithm firstly process the point feature during every region, then process the quadrangles by re-constructed fitting method and smooths the boundary by local spring-back method, finally assembles every region together as an integrated class A surface. During process, user can put forward the controlled error ɛ and smooth judge criterion of surface, and this arithmetic can give curved surface design request after iterative calculation. In this paper, a typical automobile class A surface design problem about automobile cover is analyzed, which shows the reliability and validity of algorithm.


Let K be a totally real algebraic number field and let h be a positive integer. It is a simple consequence of the Brauer-Siegel theorem [2] that there exist only finitely many totally imaginary quadratic extensions L of K having class number h. In this note, we will announce some results connected with the following : Problem. For fixed K, determine effectively all totally imaginary quadratic extensions of class number h. When K = Q, this problem is equivalent to the determination of an effective procedure for classifying all imaginary quadratic fields of class number h. Even in this special situation, little is known. In 1966, Stark [4] settled the case ft = 1 by proving that there are precisely 9 imaginary quadratic fields of class number 1. In 1970, the author [3], Baker [1], and Stark [5] succeeded in giving an effective upper bound for the absolute value of the discriminant of an imaginary quadratic field of class number 2. At the present time, the solution to the problem, for K = Q9 h ^ 3, is not known. Recently, J. Sunley [6] has proved the following result :


Sample selection models are important for correcting the effects of non-random sampling. This paper is about semiparametric estimation using a series approximation to the correction term. Regression spline and power series approximations are considered. Asymptotic normality and consistency of an asymptotic variance estimator are shown. Copyright (C) The Author(s). Journal compilation (C) Royal Economic Society 2009


Many species change diets during development. Often, these ontogenetic changes are discrete and coincide with metamorphosis (e.g., amphibians), but more gradual niche changes can occur during growth. Identifying nondiscrete changes in diet and understanding their implications at the population and community levels are especially difficult for ecologists who study detritivores and other species that have poorly characterized diets. Theory and several lines of evidence suggest, however, that benthic juveniles of species that deposit feed as adults may be unable to meet their nutritional demands by deposit feeding. To reject the null hypothesis that both juveniles and adults of deposit-feeding species assimilate the same diet and to infer ontogenetic changes in diet, I used stable carbon isotopes as a natural diet tracer. I quantified body-size-dependent variations in the δ13C of four species of tentaculate, surface-deposit-feeding polychaetes: the ampharetid Hobsonia florida and the spionids Pseudopolydora kempi japonica, Polydora cornuta, and Pygospio elegans. In addition to worm tissues, I measured the isotopic compositions of the most likely primary producers at each field site (benthic diatoms, macroalgae, and saltmarsh grasses) to predict the worms' carbon sources.

All species showed significant size-dependent variations in δ13C. Furthermore, populations of P. kempi japonica at two different sandflats had similar ontogenetic trends despite isotopic differences in available foods at each site. Individuals fed a fixed diet in the laboratory, however, did not show significant size-dependent variation in δ13C, leaving ontogenetic changes in diet as the most parsimonious explanation of the field data. Regression analyses indicated that the gradual change in δ13C with body size was nonlinear, with most of the change in δ13C occurring before individuals reach sexual maturity. The complex life cycle of these species, therefore, includes both a radical change in niche when larvae metamorphose to juveniles and a gradual niche shift as benthic juveniles grow. The isotopic data indicate that the smallest juveniles assimilated much of their carbon from benthic diatoms (δ13C ≈ −20‰), while adults assimilated most of their carbon from detritus derived from macroalgae (δ13C ≈ −9‰) or saltmarsh grasses (δ13C ≈ −14‰). Because abundances of benthic diatoms or other high-quality components of sediment are more variable and more likely to be in limiting supply than detritus or bulk sedimentary organics, populations of species that deposit feed as adults may experience food-related recruitment bottlenecks during the juvenile stage.


Calcium chloride, an accelerator of both the setting and hardening of Portland cement concrete, tends to promote corrosion of the reinforcement, unless suitable precautions are taken. Thus, there is an ongoing attempt to find an alternative to calcium chloride that is equally effective and economical, but without its limitations. This article reports on a study of the effect of calcium formate (CF) as an accelerator on the properties of pozzolanic cement pastes. The study included three types of cement: ordinary Portland cement (OPC) and pozzolanic cements containing 80 mass-percent OPC and 20 mass-percent silica fume (SF) or 20 mass-percent ground clay bricks (GCB). The study investigated compressive strength, total porosity, and hydration kinetics such as free lime and combined water contents. Results showed that addition of CF shortens the initial and final setting times and increases the compressive strength and combined water content as well as gel/space ratio at all ages of hydration. However, the addition of CF decreases the total porosity. The free lime content of pozzolanic cement in the presence of CF increases up to 7 days, then decreases at the later ages of hydration.


Single-stage, single-phase photovoltaic (PV) distributed generation (DG) systems rated below 5 kW are becoming popular because of the reduction in the cost of PV panels and also due to various policy initiatives. One cycle control (OCC) based inverters are ideally suitable for such DG systems because of its cost-effectiveness, simple structure, and phase-locked loop free implementation. These inverter-based DG systems should have a robust islanding detection method (IDM) incorporated into it and should fulfill the recent standard requirements. This article proposes a novel feedback-based passive IDM, which is suitable for OCC-based grid-connected PV inverter system. The proposed method relies on the inbuilt feedback nature of OCC-based system, which drives the voltage at the point of common coupling outside the normal range of operation during an islanding condition. The proposed IDM works effectively under the new standard requirements with negligible nondetection zone. The IDM does not rely on additional computational effort or injection of external disturbance into the grid. Simulation studies are performed to verify the effectiveness of the proposed IDM. A laboratory prototype has been developed, and experimental studies are conducted to ascertain the viability of the proposed method.


Lack of access to kidney transplantation is a critical issue for sensitized transplant candidates. Both living donor exchange (LDE) and desensitization with subsequent living donor transplantation, used separately or as part of a combined strategy, have significantly improved transplant options. However, studies have suggested that both acute and chronic antibody-mediated rejection are frequent problems in desensitized patients, leading to transplant glomerulopathy and significantly reduced graft survival as compared to patients without HLA donor-specific antibodies (DSAs) (1). In spite of this decrement in long-term graft survival, more recently, the Hopkins group demonstrated improved survival for desensitized patients when compared to those remaining on dialysis with or without subsequent transplantation (2). Desensitization has become a living donor transplant strategy employed at 50–70% of transplant centers in the United States. Regrettably, the use of this approach is threatened with the failure of the Center for Medicare andMedicaid studies to adjust for the anticipated reduction in graft survival when determining program-specific data. The resulting reports, which would target desensitizing centers, have the potential to reduce transplant access for sensitized patients in those very centers providing this enhanced treatment.


weaknesses. First, it narrowly focusses on the satirical series within the framework of the British propaganda strategy, but Whitehall's foreign policy and military strategy towards Germany remains strangely absent from the narrative. Second, the study lacks a precise research question, apart from the obvious aim to reconstruct the satirical broadcast series within Britain's wartime propaganda strategy and to reveal the importance of the German Service to this agenda. Third, Moorehead's claim to have deconstructed the 'myth' of the BBC German Service as a government-independent 'voice of truth' by revealing the close relationship between the BBC and the British propaganda bureaucracy is not really original. Historians and communication scholars generally agree that there is no such thing as 100 per cent truthful propaganda. The BBC's claim of 'objectivity' and 'truthfulness' as guiding principles of its propaganda served in the first place to boost the credibility and increase the audience of the German Service, but from its first day of existence there was never any doubt that the German Service was intended to serve as a propaganda instrument of the state (Seul 2015). Finally, the book unfortunately has no index; searching for names, places, events and broadcasting content is therefore impossible. The inclusion of most references in brackets within the main text, combined with tiny typesetting and stylistic weaknesses, makes the prose tedious to read. Despite these flaws, Moorehead's study offers an impressive collection of material on British wartime propaganda in general, and the three satirical series of the BBC German Service in particular, and it provides much useful background information on Britain's propaganda strategy towards Germany. As such, it is a valuable addition to the literature on the history of the BBC and British wartime propaganda.


Objective: This study aimed to investigate the sex-specific effects of anthropometric profiles on the occurrence and severity of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Methods: We evaluated 151 patients with suspected OSA undergoing polysomnography and anthropometric measurements such as body mass index (BMI), neck and waist circumference (NC and WC), and waist–hip ratio (WHR). Results: In men, NC (P = .006), WC (P = .035), and WHR (P = .003) were significantly increased in OSA and all were significantly correlated with apnea hypopnea index (AHI). However, in female OSA patients, BMI (P = .05), WC (P = .008), and WHR (P = .001) were elevated, but only WHR was significantly correlated with AHI. Correlation analyses showed significant correlations between NC and other anthropometric indexes in men but not in women. The receiver operating characteristic curves revealed that NC and WHR in men, and WHR in women, were significant in both model 1 (AHI ≥ 5) and model 2 (AHI ≥ 15). Conclusion: Waist–hip ratio is the most reliable correlate of OSA in both sexes. Neck circumference is an independent risk factor for male, but not for female, OSA patients. These different aspects of obesity may contribute to the pathogenesis of OSA and provide helpful guidance in the screening of OSA.


The most important domain is Agriculture in broadly cultivating countries like India. The situation of decision making can be amended by using the current technologies, the. So that the farmer's can yield in an improved way. The major role in decision making to agricultural domains is Data mining. In this paper acquaints in connection with some of the most important data mining techniques used in agriculture. Mining in agriculture is a innovative groundwork domain. The problems in the agricultural field can be efficiently solved by using data mining techniques since it anticipate before in hand with the help of raw data's. Previously mentioned, the paper discuses about various data mining techniques such as classification, clustering, association rule and regression.


Objective To explore the effect of Quyushengxin Method on transforming growth factor-β1/Smads in ventricular remodeling of rats after acute myocardial infarction.Methods 50 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group,sham operation group,myocardial infarction group,Chinese medicine group and western medicine group with 10 rats in each group.Chinese medicine group was administered 3 d before the operation once a day.The rats were sacrificed 7 d later.The peripheral blood bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs) was detected and the mRNA level of TGF-β1,Smad3 and Smad7 were observed with RT-PCR.Myocardial c-kit cell number and HE staining results were also observed.Results The expression of TGF-β1 mRNA and Smad3 mRNA were higher and the expression of Smad7 mRNA was lower in the model group than in the sham operation group(P0.05).The expression of TGF-β1 mRNA and Smad3 mRNA were lower and the expression of Smad7 mRNA was higher in the Chinese medicine group than in the model group(P0.05).And the c-kit cell number was more in both Chinese medicine group and western medicine group than in the model group.And there was no significant difference between Chinese medicine group and western medicine group(P0.05).Conclusion Quyushengxin Method can inhibit ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction in rats.


Removal of hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide from sour gas is important in the gas treatment process and flue gases. In this work, using a volumetric static method, the solubility of H2S in aqueous blends of N-methyldiethanolamine (MDEA), 2-amino-2methyl-1-propanol (AMP) and Piperazine (Pz) are obtained at 313.15, 328.15 and 343.15 K over the pressure range of 1-21 bar and the different compositions. The composition of the MDEA is fixed at 25 wt% and the composition of the AMP and Pz are changed as (20, 15, 10, 5 wt%) and (0, 5, 10, 15 wt%), respectively. The experimental data are presented as the partial pressure of H2S against acid gas loading (moles H2S / total moles of amine). It is observed that in the low gas loading region less than one, blending Pz with aqueous solution of MDEA+AMP leads to reduction of absorption of H2S.


synopsis. The male, larva and pupa of Aeclomyia veltustipes (Skuse) are described and the fenlale re-described, from specimens collected at Woodside, near Yarram, Victoria. The larvae and pupae are found chiefly in open, permanent, well-vegetated pools during spring and summer. The larvae are pale green and remain submerged amongst vegetation, and they can spend long periods on the bottom of collecting jars free of vegetation without rising to the surface. The larvae do not appear to have special structures for obtaining oxygen from plants. The pupae are brown in colour and frequently rest amongst surface vegetation and move rapidly through the water like a tadpole with their tails out behind them. Adults have not been collected in the field although numerous attempts have been made to attract them to man and rabbit. Laboratory bred adults feed readily on sugar solution and raisins after emergence. The eggs are unknown. Adults of A. venzcstipes can be distinguished from Aedomyia catasticta Knab by the scales forming the prominent scutal pattern being short and broad in veuustipes and long and narrow in catasticta; the third hind tarsal segment all white and fifth all dark in venustiws, whilst the third white at base and apex, dark in between, and the fifth mcstly white in catasticta.


Consider the following {\em Simultaneous Message Passing} ($\smp$) model for computing a relation $f \subseteq \cX \times \cY \times \cZ$. In this model $\alice$, on input $x \in \cX$ and $\bob$, on input $y\in\cY$, send one message each to a third party $\referee$ who then outputs a $z \in \cZ$ such that $(x,y,z)\in f$. We first show optimal {\em Direct sum} results for all relations $f$ in this model, both in the quantum and classical settings, in the situation where we allow shared resources (shared entanglement in quantum protocols and public coins in classical protocols) between $\alice$ and $\referee$ and $\bob$ and $\referee$ and no shared resource between $\alice$ and $\bob$. This implies that, in this model, the communication required to compute $k$ simultaneous instances of $f$, with constant success overall, is at least $k$-times the communication required to compute one instance with constant success. This in particular implies an earlier Direct sum result, shown by Chakrabarti, Shi, Wirth and Yao~\cite{ChakrabartiSWY01} for the Equality function (and a class of other so-called robust functions), in the classical $\smp$ model with no shared resources between any parties. Furthermore we investigate the gap between the $\smp$ model and the one-way model in communication complexity and exhibit a partial function that is exponentially more expensive in the former if quantum communication with entanglement is allowed, compared to the latter even in the deterministic case.


Two statistical metal oxide semiconductors (MOS) models are described, one based on worst case files and the other on electrical test data. The former is appropriate for predicting the variability of a process early in its life cycle, while the latter would better track a maturing process. The key statistical tool that is used to develop the models is principal component analysis (PCA), which is used in novel ways in order to derive statistical models from readily available information. The models are used to perform statistical circuit simulation in order to quantitatively predict the impact of manufacturing variations on circuit performance metrics. Due to the use of linear response surface modeling and latin hypercube sampling, the simulation cost of using the models is about the same as with worst case simulation. The modeling technique is general and is applicable to other semiconductor devices besides MOS devices which are considered in this paper.


Abstract. We recently discussed a method for measuring optical properties of light scattering and absorbing plant tissue (Seyfried, Fukshansky & Schafer, 1983). This method has been used to measure the changes in optical properties of cotyledons between 360 and 1000 run during the first 7d of development. The seedlings were either etiolated or grown under continuous white light, the latter either herbicide-treated (SAN 9789 = Norflurazon) or untreated. Some of the observed changes in seedlings grown under white light are due to chlorophyll accumulation. This accumulation leads to an increase in absorption coefficients at all wavelengths except in the 750 to 850 nm region. Reflectance, transmittance, and the scattering coefficient decreased markedly. Other changes seem to be independent of light conditions since they occur in much the same way under all treatments. These are a generally decreasing reflectance and scattering coefficient and an even stronger decrease of reflectance from the upper face of the cotyledon as compared to the reflectance from the lower face, in particular in the blue region of the spectrum. The observed changes are discussed in terms of light gradients and the resulting problems for in vivo spectroscopy.


Imaging fusion is one of the key technologies in Multimedia. Now it is more and more focused on. The paper represents a fusion algorithm in spatial area through study and research work, discusses during the fusion process the integrated combination and smooth transition, which make the combined image natural and fluent.


Background Accurate placement of the glenoid component in total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) is critical to optimize implant longevity. Commercially available patient-specific instrumentation system...


The present paper analyses the impact of Sukuk issuances on the economic growth of Malaysia over a period of 10 years from 2008 to 2017 on a yearly basis. There are six different types of Sukuk issuances which includes the long-term government/treasury/central bank (LGTC), long-term corporate (LCTE), long-term agency (LAGY), short-term government/treasury/central bank (SGTC), short-term corporate (SCTE) and short-term
agency (SAGY) with the presences of the moderating variable which is the exchange rate (ER). The 10 years' time-series data were analyzed by using the diagnostic test, unit root test and multiple regression analysis. The outcome of the study indicates that with the presence of the ER, LCTE, SGTC, SCTE, and SAGY found to have a significant and positive relationship with the economic growth (GDP) of Malaysia. However, LGTC found not to be significant but shows a positive relationship with the GDP in Malaysia, whilst LAGY is found to be
significant but shows a negative relationship with the GDP in Malaysia. Therefore, the Sukuk issuances give an impact on the economic growth of Malaysia, whereby with the presences of the moderating variable, the long-term and short-term Sukuk issuances can spur the economic growth of Malaysia.


Not only are multinationals resilient with respect to rising nationalist sentiments and discriminatory economic rules, but their managers can even take advantage of it to expand their foreign operations. This thought-provoking assertion is at the core of Christina Lubinski's latest book, which challenges the assumption that nationalism and globalization are antagonistic forces. Based on a detailed evidence-driven historical analysis of Indo-German business relations and a rich conceptual framework, Lubinski underlines that globalization actually takes place in a world of nations and investigates the consequences of such observations for multinational enterprises' operations and strategies. Adopting the perspective of German business is strategic in many respects. First, it allows considering India as a "heavily contested market on the world stage" and not simply a territory that was under British control until 1947 (p. 18). Second, while Germany was a major FDI provider prior to WWI, it consequently constitutes a fascinating case for understanding the varieties of informal and contractual arrangements that multinationals could deploy to maintain and develop their activities in foreign markets. Third, the accessibility to company-level archives, particularly those of the chemical company Bayer and the electric giant Siemens, was crucial in developing the nuanced and detailed qualitative empirical analysis the book provides. To frame her analysis, Lubinski fruitfully deploys the geographers' concept of mental maps, and explores how German businesses "connected their limited and filtered knowledge about nations—constructed in the West—to the world around them, which during the twentieth century increasingly became perceived as a world of nations" (p. 16). Mental maps of nationalism therefore helped businesses make sense of the mass of information about various states, their national imaginaries, and their relationships to others, and to envision strategies to navigate and even take advantage of such complex and evolving world visions. The book emphasizes that not only do material reality and pure economic rationality matter, but that cultural and ideational representations are also a serious subject for investigation to understand actors' behaviors. Some descriptive statistics are provided, especially those of Indo-German trade for various periods, but additional numbers might have proved helpful in assessing how, over time, multinationals' strategies around mental maps materialized in economic advantages with respect to rival nations or other foreign companies in the same sectors. The analysis is developed chronologically, from 1880 to 1980. During the 1880s up to the 1920s, businesspeople tended to apprehend the world as being divided between the "civilized" nations of the West and all others, which influenced the entry strategies of large multinationals such as Siemens and Bayer. At first, German companies relied heavily on British intermediaries and cosmopolitan business networks. These ties with the British were particularly important in the Siemens case since technologies like the telegraph often involved government contracts. It was only progressively that their cosmopolitan nature was questioned by rising nationalism in Europe and that opportunities arose for German business to capitalize on emerging Indian independence


We investigate the Coulomb dissociation of two-neutron halo nuclei, assuming that the excitation of the projectile is to states in the continuum with low energy. The method presented retains all finite-range effects associated with the interactions between the breakup fragments and can use realistic three-body wave functions for the two-neutron halo nuclei. The method is applied to He, at incident energies below 100 MeV/nucleon, and calculations are compared with available data for the a-particle energy spectrum following the breakup of He on a heavy target. @S0556-2813~98!01308-9#


The direct thrust control method of the linear motor was used in control system of vehicle active suspension,respectively,the optimal controller of active suspension system and linear motor direct thrust controller were designed,combining the two controllers into the control system of active suspension actuator.A two-degree-of-freedom quarter-car model with active suspension system was established.The model for simulation was established by Matlab/Simulink.It is indicated that linear motor actuator can produce the corresponding magnetic force according to the vibration of bodywork,therefore the direct thrust control of linear motor used in active suspension control system is feasible.


Specialist in agricultural matters, Meyer was responsible for planning developed by the RKF (Reich Commissioner for the consolidation of German (...)


The LOFAR Radboud Air Shower Array (LORA) is an array of scintillators situated at the core of the LOFAR radio telescope. LORA detects particles from extensive air showers and acts as a trigger for the readout of the LOFAR antennas, which are densely spaced and routinely measure radio emission from air showers around $10^{17}$ eV. LORA originally consisted of 20 scintillators. An extension is underway that doubles the number of scintillators and increases the effective area of the array. This will result in a 45% increase in the number of triggers from higher energy cosmic rays, which are more likely to produce a strong radio signal. In addition, it will reduce the composition bias inherent in detecting low energy showers. In this contribution we discuss the status of the LORA extension and prospects for the science that can be done with the expanded triggering capabilities and improved calibration of the detector.


Vitiligo is an acquired depigmenting disorder in which destruction of skin melanocytes. In recent years, 308‐nm excimer laser (308‐nm EL) and topical tacrolimus have been extensively used to treat vitiligo. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness and safety of combined treatment of 308‐nm EL and topical tacrolimus for treating periocular vitiligo compared to 308‐nm EL monotherapy. This study is a retrospective observational study, involving 58 Chinese patients of periocular vitiligo, divided into two groups: the control group (28 patients) treated with 308‐nm EL; and the experimental group (30 patients) treated with 308‐nm EL and topical tacrolimus 0.1% ointment. Repigmentation was assessed at four grades. In the control group, there were four patients (14%) with poor repigmentation, eleven patients (39%) with moderate repigmentation, ten patients (36%) with good repigmentation, three patients (11%) with excellent repigmentation. In the experimental group, two patients (7%) experienced poor repigmentation, six patients (20%) experienced moderate repigmentation, fifteen patients (50%) experienced good repigmentation, seven patients (23%) experienced excellent repigmentation. The experimental group efficacy rate (good and excellent repigmentation) was 73.3%, higher than 46.4% for the control group (p = 0.037). Our findings suggest that both treatments are safe and the combination of tacrolimus and 308‐nm EL is more effective than 308‐nm EL alone for periocular vitiligo.


Rate constants of OH radical reaction with some amino polycarboxylic acids (APCAs) such as EDTA, DTPA, HEDTA, NTA, and HIDA have been determined at different pHs using pulse radiolysis competition kinetics method with thiocyanate as the reference solute. The rate constants varied with pH (possibly due to their various pKs) and the plots of rate constants vs. pH are given. Rate constants for OH radical reaction with the various acid–base forms of these amino polycarboxylic acids are estimated from the plateau values in the plots. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 32: 99–104, 2000


The 1 500 mg/L polymer solution under study is prepared in a standard brine of Shengli oil fields ( TSD= 5 725 mg/L and Ca 2+ +Mg 2+ 108 mg/L) with a commercial HPAM of M =9.56×10 6 and HD =23%. The solution is treated in a tube of inner diameter 6 cm and length 30 cm under various simulation conditions in 1 h or 3 h and the solution treated is evaluated for viscosity at 7 s -1 and Fe 3+ concentration. On the basis of the data obtained the origin of viscosity loss in injection pipelines is analysed. According to the influencing power in decreasing polymer solution viscosity and in creating Fe 3+ in solution, the treating conditions are arranged in order: in carbon steel tubein nitriding steel tubein glass tube; at 70℃at ambient temperature; in exposure to air oxygenin nitrogen atmosphere; in 3 hin 1 h. At ambient temperature in exposure to air oxygen and under static condition the solution viscosity decreases with increasing Fe 2+ amount added and with enlarging treating time from 1 to 3 h and 50% of viscosity is lossed in 3 h with 10 mg/L Fe 2+ added. Following conclusions are made: in injection pipelines polymer in solution undergoes mainly mechanical, shear, and chemical degradation; the former is influence by coarseness of pipe walls; the pipe steel corroded by dissolved oxygen releases Fe 2+ and Fe 2+ is oxidized to Fe 3+ and causes chemical degradation of polymer which is enhanced at elevated temperatures.


Medical schools and postgraduate training programs around the world have strategies and plans for explicitly incorporating professionalism into their curricula. Licensing and certifying bodies also try to assess medical professionalism on a regular basis. As there is a necessity for the implementation and assessment of intangible skills and as doctors, patients, and students acknowledge the importance and significance of professionalism within their perspectives, it becomes evident that medical schools have professionalism as a component of practice and assessment. In a similar vein, the Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University implemented a contemporary curriculum for preclinical medical students to teach professionalism. The results of this study showed an improvement and highlight the importance of the novel curriculum by students and faculty members. In this study, professionalism was taught by a series of methods such as role-playing, panels and discussions (1). Additionally, a study by the New York University School of Medicine found an improvement through implementing a course which taught: information gathering, patient education, rapport building, delivering bad news, and interdisciplinary respect. Statistically significant improvements were found in the domains of communication and professionalism (2). The purpose of this paper is to introduce more common and innovative methods of teaching and assessing professionalism during medical students' training.


Through analysis of "advanced filter" order in Excel 2007 "data" menu,criteria range creating method is set up in advanced filter,with which the drawback that advanced filter function was too simple in Excel 2007 textbooks can be compensated. Meanwhile,some practical skills in the application of advanced filter are introduced so as to solve some practical problems.


A field site was developed in the foothills of the Sierra Nevada, California, to develop and test a multidisciplinary approach to the characterization of ground-water flow and transport in fractured rocks. Nine boreholes were drilled into the granitic bedrock, and a wide variety of instruments and methodologies were tested. Fracture properties were measured on outcrops and in boreholes using acoustic televiewer, digital borehole color scanner, and by down-hole camera logs. Conventional geophysical logs were collected. In addition, thermal-pulse and impeller flowmeter logging, fluid replacement and conductivity logging, packer-injection profiling tests, and ordinary open-hole pumping tests were conducted. Transmissive fractures were identified by integrating results from hydrologic and geophysical measurements, and the hydrogeologic structure of the formation was hypothesized. Cross-hole seismic surveys yielded tomograms of interborehole rock properties. Visualization software was used in combination with geophysical logs to interpolate interborehole properties, and a detailed 3-D model of the subsurface was constructed. Other referenced work at the site includes cross-hole hydrologic EPA/600/S-96/001 May 1996 tomography, tracer tests, fracturespecific morphology studies, and development of an automated data acquisition system used to collect data and monitor and control test parameters during borehole testing. A novel aspect of the project report is its guidebook format. A description of each tool and methodology, the strengths and shortcoming of each, how they compare with one another, and suggestions of how best to analyze and integrate data are presented. The Project Summary was developed by the National Risk Management Research Laboratory's Subsurface Protection and Remediation Division, Ada, OK, to announce key findings of the research project that is fully documented in a separate report (see Project Report ordering information at the back). The reader is encouraged to visit the Internet Web page for further information: http://www.epa.gov/ada/kerrlab.html


The present invention relates to a method of removing pollutants from combustion gases produced by the incineration of the waste. Air and with a fuel injected into the incinerator, which is supplemented by an oxygen feed. The combustion waste gas stream is generated pollutants, such as being contained, and quenching the NOx, and then is supplied to the reaction zone, will be in contact with ozone for a predetermined period. The thus treated waste combustion gas stream may be fed to the scrubber, in which the reaction product is removed formed by the reaction of ozone with contaminants.


As lightweight structures, composite sandwich panels are distinguished by their significant flexural performances, which make them suitable for lightweight design applications, especially in the aerospace industry. These structures are very prone to different damages, which affects the structure's performance. In this study, the numerical three-point bending test is carried out to evaluate the flexural performance of the damaged and repaired panel by comparing it with the intact panel values. The response surface methodology (RSM) is then adopted to analyze the core plug replacement properties' effect on the flexural performances of the repaired honeycomb sandwich panel. Adequate models between the core plug replacement design parameters and the repaired panel flexural responses are built and discussed. In addition, aiming to determine the optimized core plug replacement parameters of the proposed repaired panel flexural performances, an optimization technique is implemented.


In the current study it has been made an attempt to run an Internal Combustion Engine by Hydrogen fuel along with petrol. The electrolysis method reaction of Potassium with pure water will produce hydrogen gas which is directly introduced into combustion chamber of 2 stroke petrol engine along with petrol. Engine runs with 100 ml petrol runs for period 20 minutes 34 seconds, speed 98 rpm at atmospheric conditions. Hydrogen gas with petrol as a fuel the engine runs for period 25 minutes 6 seconds, speed 98 rpm at atmospheric conditions. The other results of engine shows that the mechanical efficiency remains constant, Thermal and overall efficiencies are high as compared to without hydrogen fuel. By Introducing small quantity of Hydrogen in a regular IC engine The Thermal and Overall efficiencies increases and engine will run longer period. The testing of engine is done under no load atmospheric condition.


On the basis of formaldehyde method,automatic titrator potentiometric titration was used to detect zeolite cation exchange capacity.In contrast with pH meter instruction and acid-base indicator method,the apparatus has high sensitivity and simple operation.The results are with higher degree of accuracy and more reproducible.


This article analyzed the current situation of poverty in Guizhou province. Taking Taijiang County as an example, this article investigated the causes of poverty in Guizhou province, and then proposed to set up the precise poverty alleviation management information system based on big data. The author used object oriented development mode to realize the system. This system, from requiring analysis, system modeling, database designing, data analyzing and functions achieving, was designed and developed. Finally, the author concluded and prospected the further development of the system.


This work describes how clustering can aid in the modelling of the curriculum timetabling problem. The practical timetabling problem cannot be solved to proven optimality in any reasonable time. A clustering technique is used to construct additional constraints, that reduce the size of the feasible search space, and improves the quality of the time-tables found within a reasonable computational time. The approach is illustrated using on a real world timetabling problem and a state-of-the-art commercial solver.


In June 1923, when I was not yet twenty, I attended, at Heidelberg, a single lecture by Friedrich Gundolf. A tall, darkly handsome man, standing in the light of the window, turned his profile with a strong nose self-consciously to the large audience filling the hall and recited, in a level monotone, a lecture that could have been printed, word for word, in any of his books. I now remember little except the aura of a solemn ceremony, and the worshipful attitude of the listeners. Later, in the afternoon, a visit to his house-on the strength of an introduction from Marianne Weber, the widow of Max Weber-revealed a more humane human being: a brilliant talker accustomed to the deference of his youngers. (He was then not quite 43 years of age.) Gundolf's occupancy of what, after Berlin, was the most prestigious chair of German literature-to which he was appointed in spite of his ostentatious contempt for footnotes, acknowledgments, polemics, and bibliographies-and the wide sale of his books: Shakespeare und der deutsche Geist (1911) and Goethe (1916), made him the representative figure of the victory of the new literary scholarship over that of the nineteenth century: its factualism, its dependence on external biography, its accumulation of filiations, parallels, sources and analogues, in short, the antiquarianism dominating the German (and not only the German) universities. The year before I had entered the Czech, University of Prague in order to study Germanic philology. I had soon been disillusioned by the training; I did not care for Gothic vocalism and consonantism, nor for the (anyhow largely fictional) biographies of dozens of Minnesangers nor for the sources of Grillparzer's Libussa nor even for the precise itinerary of the Nibelungen down the Danube to their doom.


Based on first-principles calculations, we predict that the magnetic anisotropy energy (MAE) of Co-doped TiO$_2$ sensitively depends on carrier accumulation. This magnetoelectric phenomenon provides a promising route to directly manipulate the magnetization direction of diluted magnetic semiconductor by external electric-fields. We calculate the band structures and reveal the origin of carrier-dependent MAE in k-space. In fact, the carrier accumulation shifts the Fermi energy and regulates the competing contributions to MAE. The first-principles calculations provide a straightforward way to design spintronics materials with electrically controllable spin direction.


In some of the text-books on ophthalmology mention is made of a senile change in the fundus oculi, characterized by the appearance of small yellowish and yellowish white spots which have been regarded as hyalin or colloid degeneration in the lamina vitrea choroidea. In Noyes we find a full description under the head of degenerative changes of the choroid, in which he assumes the identity of drusen and this colloid degeneration of the lamina vitrea. He calls attention to the clinical fact that vision is not impaired in these cases. Two excellent colored plates representing two varieties of the affection are shown, to both of which I wish to call attention. In one, the large, globular, mulberry-like masses are seen both upon the nerve-head and in the outlying fundus. This plate is taken from Lawson's case, reported in the Transactions of the Ophthalmological Society of the United Kingdom, vol. III.


Cylindrical roller bearings with annular rollers may be advantageous in applications where weight, lubrication, and speed are major considerations in the operation of the bearing. This discussion describes an analytical technique whereby the effects of the elastic and Hertzian distortions of the hollow rollers are considered in the determination of the bearing internal load distribution, fatigue life, and deflection. Numerical examples calculated for a bearing having annular rollers indicate that the distortion of the flexible rollers improve the load distribution permitting increased bearing fatigue life. The advantage must be compared with the increased bearing deflections and bending stresses in the hollow rollers to determine the adequacy of the bearing under given conditions of applied load and speed. Additionally, the skidding of the cylindrical roller bearing with annular rollers is considered for conditions of high speed and extremely light radial load. Presented as an American Society of Lubricat...


Long term and comprehensive management of patients with Spinal Cord Injury SCI within the Australian health system suffers from ineffective patient data co-ordination between state and federal levels, between private and public hospitals, and among the allied health sectors, all of which form multiple data custodians. Patients with SCI may require medical intervention over an average of 30-40 years thus it is challenging to keep all the information that belongs to the same person accessible over a prolonged period of time. Although Australia is leading in the data linkage program e.g. the West Australian Data Linkage Systems, WADLS, it has a long way to go as far as SCI patients are concerned. Here, the authors present findings based on interviews with a range of data custodians for patients with SCI, showing that data are kept in different silos which are not coordinated, hence duplication exists and patient information that exists on many different databases is inconsistently updated. This paper presents information generated by SCI patients and considers the range of data custodians and issues involved in data linkage in Australia, as well as reviewing the WADLS and a new Australian Government initiative called My Health Record system.


Fatigue damage is believed to play an importance role in bone remodeling.The stress near the tip of a micro-crack is much higher than the other areas.And the distribution of stress in those areas will also change due to the crack,which will result in the change of voltage in these areas owing to the bone's piezoelectric property.Hence the knowledge of the changes of the voltage will be of benefit to understanding the self-healing mechanism of bone tissues.In this paper,the piezoelectric voltages around artificial notches are investigated to simulate the micro crack in dry bones.The results show that the piezoelectric voltage decrease after a notch is cut in a specimen though the normal stress resulting from the crack around the notch tip increases sharply.Then the analysis shows that it is the shear stress instead of the normal stress that determines the quantity of electric charge near a crack tip.


Based on E2 gene sequences of CSFV Shimen published on NCBI,a pair of primers were designed and synthesized for detecting E2 gene.E2 gene was amplified by one step RT-PCR from total RNA,which had been extracted from tissues of pigs doubting infected by classical swine fever virus and PK-15 infected by CSFV F114.We compared IF method with one step RT-PCR which had been established.24 samples of 26 samples doubting infected by CSFV were positive deteced by one step RT-PCR,the positive rate of one step RT-PCR was 92.3%.Results showed that the RT-PCR is specific and sensitive,and can be used as a method to identify CSFV isolates,detect samples of clinical cases and investigate molecular epidemiology of CSFV.


The crossed cube proposed by Efe is a variation of hypercube,but some properties of the former are superior to those of the latter.For example,the diameter of the crossed cube is approximately half that of the hypercube.Efe presented a shortest path routing algorithm in the crossed cube,which has a time complexity of O(n2).Chang et al′s algorithm that extends Efe uses more candidate links at each routing step for the shortest path routing from source node to destination node.However,those links still do not contain all the links that belong to the shortest paths.This paper first introduces the sufficient and necessary conditions for each link of one node is a candidate link of a shortest path,and then proposes a shortest path routing algorithm capable of choosing one from all the candidate links that belong to shortest paths at each routing step.Its time complexity is O(n2).Theoretical analysis and case studies show that the algorithm can output any shortest path.


In movies, the director is king. In the television series business, the showrunner calls the shots. A showrunner is almost always the head writer and executive producer (EP) of a TV series. Very often, but not always, the showrunner is also the creator of the series. In many cases, a TV network will buy a series "pitch" or a completed pilot scripts that's already been written speculatively (on "spec") by a screenwriter who has little or no producing experience. In such cases, the studio and network will work together to assign an experienced showrunner to supervise all the writing on the series, and this Executive Producer will also be the last and final word on all production decisions, including casting, locations, art direction, the hiring of the directors for each episode, and all final cuts in postproduction for the series. Not all EPs are showrunners, but all showrunners are credited as EPs.


This report presents a descriptive stage interdisciplinary experience in rural settlement Benedito Alves Bandeira (BAB), located in the municipality of Acara, which is organized by the Para Federal Campus Castlebay (IFPA) and the Federal Rural University of Amazonia (UFRA). The stage was to propose a personal and professional experience of the reality of rural extension, within this proposal, know the area and the reality of the communities of the Settlement Benedito Alves Flag, reflect on Family Agriculture, Agroecology, their challenges / strategies through living communities to share information, experiences and reflect on the process of transition Agroecologica rural settlement areas and strategies for its diffusion. Thus, the activity developed from the recognition of the reality and potential students of the settlers.


Electromagnetic Levitation Melting (EML) is one of the melting metals methods. It is based on the use of an inductor that generates an alternating electromagnetic field. In this study, the effect of changing the geometric parameters of the inductors on the electrical parameters of the system, the melting time of the batch, and the lifting force of the batch was investigated. The measurements were carried out in relation to two inductors for EML, the first being the base and the second one being the result of optimization aimed at finding the best geometrical parameter for the presented class of inductors. On this basis, we recommend the use of an optimized inductor.


composition is as follows (g/litre): special peptone (Oxoid L72) 23-0; soluble starch 10-0; NaH2PO4, 2H2O 0-873; Na2HPO4 2 044; bromocresol purple 0 030; phenol red 0-024; agar (Oxoid No. 1) 10-0; distilled water to 1 litre. The medium (which is buffered with 0 04 mol/l phosphate buffer pH 7 2) is autoclaved at 15 lb pressure (121 °C) for 15 minutes, cooled down to 55°C; 100 ml of sterile inactivated horse serum is added and plates are poured. The combined pH indicator (bromocresol purple and phenol red) distinguishes starch-fermenting C. vaginale from non-starch-fermenting genitourinary bacteria and is more satisfactory than bromothymol blue, phenol red or bromocresol purple alone. The cultural characteristics of a type strain of C. vaginale (NCTC 10287) on starch serum agar have been compared with those on Dunkelberg's PSD agar. Cultures were incubated at 37°C under three atmospheric conditions -aerobically, in 5% ofCO,, and anaerobically-and the rate of growth, colonial morphology (under a stereomicroscope), and the colour change (in the SS agar) were noted after 16-20, 48, and 72 h incubation. The anaerobic condition proved to be optimum for growth and after 48 h incubation C. vaginale appeared as distinctive yellow, round, convex, 1P2-1-8 mm diameter colonies on starch serum agar, as compared with 0-5-1-5 mm whitish colonies on PSD agar. Other genitourinary organisms, eg, diphtheroids, Doderlein's bacilli, Candida, Haemophilus spp, and coliforms, produced pale purple to bluish purple colonies; most ofthe group B streptococci produced characteristic orange-red colonies; staphylococci and group D streptococci appear to be starch-fermenting. (A detailed report will be published later.)


e21060 Background: Evaluation of tumor biology is essential for patient management. Although PET-CT with 18F-FDG has set a new standard for tumor evaluation, the discovery of new 99mTc-based single...


The traditional project driven teaching method is a popular teaching method of implementation of inquiry-based teaching model. However, students have the differences of the basic knowledge resulting in increasing the difficulty of the implementation of project-driven approach. This calls for revisiting the current project driven teaching process. The proposed teaching method of LTO (Learning, Training, Operating) by extending project-driven approach is presented to resolve the problems of traditional project driven teaching method challenging to teachers at universities. The LTO teaching approach encourages more students to participate in courses and stimulates outstanding students to have more developing room. At the same time, the students are led to closely track the up-to-date technology, inspired to research knowledge in-depth. Eventually, the new values are reflected in the area of engineering education from the closed university education to the open society one and from a single classroom to actual job positions. Finally, a case study are performed to testify the efficiency of the proposed model.


A systematic procedure has been developed and a software code created to examine continuous petrochemical plant retrofit problems. The procedure is hierarchical, and it provides stopping points so that little work needs to be done to reject a poor project. It is structured in a way that first sets minimum targets for the retrofit project, and it uses an efficient flow sheet structure filter to look at only the subset of possible flow sheet structures that have the potential for being profitable. The procedure then uncouples the flow sheet evaluation problem into two parts. First, the flow sheet is examined by neglecting the energy integration network. Second, the best flow sheet found without considering the heat-exchanger network is then examined by using existing energy integration procedures and considering the existing heat-exchanger area


OBJECTIVE:To establish a UV spectrophotometry method for determining the content of main component in epinastine hydrochloride tablets.METHODS:The content of epinastine hydrochloride was determined by UV spectrophotometry with a detection wavelength of 262 nm.RESULTS:The linear range of epinastine hydrochloride was 5.0~30 μg·mL-1(r=0.999 9)and the average recovery rate was 99.65%(RSD=0.27%).CONCLUSION:The method is stable and reproducible,and it can be used for an effective quality control of epinastine hydrochloride tablet.


The article presents the first years of Chaïm Soutine, the remarkable artist of the École de Paris. The reconstruction of the facts of his life in Smilavichy and the years of art education in Minsk and Vilnius is based on the bibliography about the artist and the recollections of the artists who were close to Soutine in his youth.


Repeated categorical outcomes frequently occur in clinical trials. Muenz and Rubinstein (1985) presented Markov chain models to analyze binary repeated data in a breast cancer study. We extend their method to the setting when more than one repeated outcome variable is of interest. In a randomized clinical trial of breast cancer, we investigate the dependency of toxicities on predictor variables and the relationship among multiple toxic effects.


In this report I would like to bring out some of the results ·Of investigations on activity of ions and of the structure of concentrated electrolyte solutions done in our laboratory. There are four topics for discussion. Firstly: In electrolyte solutions of high concentration (m > 1) it is (often) not possible to determine exactly the mean activity coefficient. f ± Secondly: In such solutions there are large differences between the single ion activity coefficients of cation and anion: especially f + » f _,_ , if the hydration of the cation is large. Thirdly: The activity coefficients are essentially influenced by the interference ion-solvent (especially water) and the structure of the solvent in the electrolyte solution. Fourthly: The quarternary cations NR: destroy not only the structure of the water but also the hydrat1on shell of the inorganic cations. (i) At high concentrations m ± < Q mE = (v ~· v ~)1/v mE, for ion pair formation and complexing diminish the number of ions, but the true value of a+ m + cannot be determined exactly, therefore the true f + > ---Q~ (ii) There are much different, not distinguishable, particle species, because not all ions are fully hydrated, the great number of ions compete for the water molecules. But the activity refers to an ideal diluted, fully hydrated solution. Therefore it is extremely difficult, to give a quantitative theoretical interpretation for the thermodynamic behaviour of such concentrated solutions (J > 1). In the last time many investigations of the mean activity coefficients in ternary solutions are made13• The Harned rule, which is valid for constant


Abstract We review the latest findings on extra-solar planets and their potential of having environmental conditions that could support Earth-like life. Focusing on planets orbiting red dwarf (RD) stars, the most abundant stellar type in the Milky Way, we show that including RDs as potential life supporting host stars could increase the probability of finding biotic planets by a factor of up to a thousand, and reduce the estimate of the distance to our nearest biotic neighbour by up to 10. We argue that binary and multiple star systems need to be taken into account when discussing habitability and the abundance of biotic exoplanets, in particular RDs in such systems. Early considerations indicated that conditions on RD planets would be inimical to life, as their habitable zones would be so close to the host star as to make planets tidally locked. This was thought to cause an erratic climate and expose life forms to flares of ionizing radiation. Recent calculations show that these negative factors are less severe than originally thought. It has also been argued that the lesser photon energy of the radiation of the relatively cool RDs would not suffice for oxygenic photosynthesis (OP) and other related energy expending reactions. Numerous authors suggest that OP on RD planets may evolve to utilize photons in the infrared. We however argue, by analogy to the evolution of OP and the environmental physiology and distribution of land-based vegetation on Earth, that the evolutionary pressure to utilize infrared radiation would be small. This is because vegetation on RD planets could enjoy continuous illumination of moderate intensity, containing a significant component of photosynthetic 400–700 nm radiation. We conclude that conditions for OP could exist on RD planets and consequently the evolution of complex life might be possible. Furthermore, the huge number and the long lifetime of RDs make it more likely to find planets with photosynthesis and life around RDs than around Solar type stars.


To study the expression of HCV non structure 5 antigen in vitro , a human HepG2 cell line was incubated with a HCV RNA positive serum. The SABC immunological techniques and gold labeled colloid electron microscopy method were employed to examine for the viral proteins in those cells. The HCV non structure 5 antigen was first detected in the HepG2 cells at 72 hours post incubation. The antigen was continuously observed in the cytoplasm or on the membrane as well on the cell wall of the HepG2 cells even after 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks post incubation. The observation of HCV non structure 5 antigen continuously expressed in the HepG2 cells strongly indicates that the cells may have been infected by HCV virus and the virus may have replicated in the cells. Therefore, the HepG2 cell line may be served as a potential host for establishment of HCV infection and propagation in vitro .


The editors of a/b: Auto/Biography Studies are very pleased to announce the inception of The Hogan Prize, which will be presented annually to a scholar in recognition of an outstanding essay submitted to a special issue of the journal. Essays selected for this prize are nominated by our guest editors and selected by an independent judge. The prize includes publication in the special issue and an award of $750. This award is generously supported by Routledge Journals. The prize is named in honor of two of the journal's founding editors, Rebecca and Joseph Hogan, who worked tirelessly and creatively to expand the field of auto/biography studies. This award, therefore, recognizes ingenuity in scholarly research and supports critical work that advances the field. This inaugural award is made in connection with the special issue "Broken Dialogues" (30.2), edited by Eva C. Karpinski, York University, with Leena Kurvet-K€aosaar, Tartu € Ulikool. The guest judge is Leigh Gilmore, Brown University.


The main purpose of this paper is to study restricted formal deformations of restricted Lie-Rinehart algebras in positive characteristic $p$. For $p>2$, we discuss the deformation theory and show that deformations are controlled by the restricted cohomology introduced by Evans and Fuchs. Furthermore, for $p=2$, we introduce a new cohomology complex and show that it fits with the deformation theory of restricted Lie-Rinehart algebras in characteristic 2. In particular, we study the structure and cohomology of restricted Heisenberg algebras.


Combined heat and power (CHP) projects have been growing in popularity in Maine because they can reduce facility energy costs while improving resiliency and reducing/eliminating dependence on grid-supplied electricity. Cost savings are driven by improved total efficiency versus traditional utilityscale power generation; the thermal energy associated with power generation in a CHP project can be recovered and used on-site, offsetting the energy use associated with heating loads. This paper characterizes the implementation gaps between successful and unsuccessful proposals as submitted to a state energy efficiency program using example implementations. The authors reviewed CHP proposals to identify the criteria and metrics associated with successful proposals. Common criteria associated with successful implementation are identified, as are the common obstacles associated with projects that were not successfully implemented. Using retrospective calculations, the authors identify facilities that are good candidates for CHP, comparing the metrics to project implementation to assess the implementation accuracy. INTRODUCTION The promotion of CHP technology and its use in the industrial sector has grown in recent years through the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Combined Heat and Power (CHP) Partnership program and various federal acts that have promoted the implementation of these systems through tax credits and policy initiatives. A 2012 executive order specifically promotes CHP in industrial facilities with the goal of installing 40 gigawatts of new, costeffective CHP by the end of 2020. These efforts extend to the state level, with CHP systems addressed in many energy and environmental policies, standards, and regulations – many of which include tax credits, monetary incentives/rebates, and loan programs. The Department of Energy's (DOE's) CHP Policies and incentives database (dCHPP) lists 132 state and federal energy, environmental, and portfolio standards, policies, plans, and regulations that address CHP installations, as well as 167 state and federal rebate, incentive, grant, loan, and tax benefit programs. Despite this promotion, the number of CHP installations as tracked by the Department of Energy (DOE) Combined Heat and Power Database (Database) has been decreasing over the last 10 years. Figure 1 presents a plot of the Database information for the years 2005-2015. Figure 1. National CHP installations, 2005–2015 This decline in CHP installations follows decades of substantial CHP growth between the 1980s and 2005. The catalyst for this growth was the Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act (PURPA) of 1978, which created favorable regulations and economic conditions for CHP installations. The plot of CHP installation data for the PURPA era is presented in Figure 2. Figure 2. National CHP installations, 1980–2004 1 From June 1, 2005, through June 1, 2015 0 50 100 150 200 250 0 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 20 05 20 06 20 07 20 08 20 09 20 10 20 11 20 12 20 13 20 14 N um be r o f i ns tll at io ns In st al le d ca pa ci ty (M W )


The economic impacts of introducing high productivity vehicles (HPV) and increasing axle mass limits were assessed at a national network level in Australia. The findings of the assessment and the approach adopted in determining pavement wear for the different scenarios are described. The latter required developing a loading system to facilitate the modelling of fleet changes, determining the annual number of each vehicle type on each section of the network and associated pavement wear under different axle mass regimes. The study involved developing a nationally representative composite sealed pavement network suitable for strategic level analysis. The pilot network covered common road and pavement types in Australia with representative lengths, ages, conditions and climates. It also involved developing nationally representative fleet compositions and distributions for the different road types. The economic impacts were assessed using the ARRB Pavement Life Cycle Costing (PLCC) model and giving consideration to the expected growth in the road freight task. The LCC analysis involved applying the same maintenance strategy to a pavement/road section in the scenarios as in the base case. The differences between the scenarios and the base case were the timing of rehabilitation intervention within the analysis period and/or the type of rehabilitation trigger. The type and timing of the rehabilitation trigger depended on the impacts of loading on pavement structural capacity and roughness progression and the interaction with other factors affecting performance. Under unconstrained budgets, the economic assessment showed that introducing HPV and increasing axle mass limits resulted in high net benefits with truck operators being the main beneficiaries. The latter is attributed to the high reduction in the number of heavy vehicles or trips required to perform the freight task. However, most of these benefits would diminish if the budgets are constrained and the agencies cannot recoup the additional costs they incur in maintaining their networks. For the covering abstract see ITRD E144473.


Exploring a novel strategy for large‐scale production of battery‐type Ni(OH)2‐based composites, with excellent capacitive performance, is still greatly challenging. Herein, we developed a facile and cost‐effective strategy to in situ grow a layer of Ni(OH)2/Ti3C2Tx composite on the nickel foam (NF) collector, where Ti3C2Tx is not only a conductive component, but also a catalyst that accelerates the oxidation of NF to Ni(OH)2. Detailed analysis reveals that the crystallinity, morphology, and electronic structure of the integrated electrode can be tuned via the electrochemical activation, which is beneficial for improving electrical conductivity and redox activity. As expected, the integrated electrode shows a specific capacity of 1.09 C cm−2 at 1 mA cm−2 after three custom activation cycles and maintains 92.4% of the initial capacity after 1500 cycles. Moreover, a hybrid supercapacitor composed of Ni(OH)2/Ti3C2Tx/NF cathode and activated carbon anode provides an energy density of 0.1 mWh cm−2 at a power density of 0.97 mW cm−2, and excellent cycling stability with about 110% capacity retention rate after 5000 cycles. This work would afford an economical and convenient method to steer commercial Ni foam into advanced Ni(OH)2‐based composite materials as binder‐free electrodes for hybrid supercapacitors.


INTRODUCTION:
It is a condition with unilateral (or) bilateral decrease of visual function
caused by form vision deprivation and (or) abnormal visual interaction, that cannot
be explained by a disorder of ocular media (or) visual path ways itself. In
appropriate cases it is reversible by therapeutic measures. It is caused by abnormal
visual experience during early childhood, the critical period of development. PREVALENCE:
It affects approximately 1-4% of the general population.
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
To find out the relative proportions of different types of ambloypia in a
referral centre.
To study the characteristics associated with different types of amblyopia
in our population the extent of visual impairment produced by different
types of amblyopia at presentation. METHODS AND MATERIALS
Over a period of two years 2004 October to 2006 September, 1800 patients
were seen in strabismus and Paediatric Ophthalmology clinic at RIOGDH, Chennai.
This is a prospective study of 50 cases of amblyopia.

DISCUSSION:
Amblyopia is one of the most common causes of visual impairment in both
children and adults. It affects 4-5% of general population and its incidence in
paediatric ophthalmology and squint clinic is 30-35%.
CONCLUSION
The prevalence of amblyopia in our squint and neruophthalmology clinic was
30-35%. Amblyopia is a very common cause of impaired vision in child hood.
The incidence of anisometropic and ametropic amblyopia is compared to be
less in our population compared to western countries.
94% of the patient in our study had squint.
Hypermetropia is the most common refractive error associated with the
amblyopia followed by myopia and astigmatism .
Esotropia is the most common form of strabismus associated with the
amblyopia.
10% of patients with amblyopia had low birth weight.
12% of patients had family history of strabismus.
The relative proportion of rural population compared to urban population is
higher.
8% of patients with amblyopia in our study had Nystagmus.
42% of patients in our study had low vision C 6/60.
Earlier diagnosis and health education and screening programmes in rural
areas can reduce the prevalence of amblypias.


We have prepared thin film waveguides by spin-coating poly[2-methoxy-5-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylene-vinylene] (MEH-PPV) and three related alkoxy-substituted PPVs, which have a different degree of long alkyl side-chains. We use UV-Vis-NIR and FTIR spectroscopy, prism coupling, and third-harmonic generation spectroscopy to determine the intrinsic absorption coefficient, refractive index and anisotropy, birefringence, infrared dichroism, mode-propagation loss, and third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility, respectively. Our results reveal structure–property relations of the impact of side-chain substitution on the morphology of the films. At increasing amounts of long alkyl substituents, the aggregation tendency of the PPV chains is reduced, which causes strongly reduced mode propagation losses from 20 dB/cm to less than 1 dB/cm. We also see a dilution effect of the conjugated π-electrons of the polymer backbones within a shell of alkyl chains, and varied orientations of PPV main chain segments with respect to the layer plane. These insights help to design suitable polymers for all-optical switching, as well as for other applications in optoelectronics.


Abstract Stephanie Collins' Group Duties offers interesting new arguments and brings together numerous interconnected issues that have hitherto been treated separately. My critical commentary focuses on two particularly original and central claims of the book: (1) Only groups that are united under a group-level decision-making procedure can bear duties. (2) Attributions of duties to other groups should be understood as attributions of "coordination duties" to each member of the group, duties to either take steps responsive to the others with a view to the group's doing what is said to be its duty or to express willingness to do so. In support of the first claim, Collins argues that only groups that can make decisions can bear duties, and that the ability to make decisions requires the relevant sort of decision-making procedure. I suggest that both parts of this argument remain in need of further support. I furthermore argue that Collins' account of coordination duties gets certain kinds of cases wrong, and suggest that attributions of duties to groups without decision-making procedures are more plausibly understood as attributing shared duties grounded in demands on the group's members to care about the values at stake.


The heat in tropical urban environments has long been a concern for planners of new towns and modern areas in older towns; both from the perspective of comfort and in consideration of the energy usage involved in cooling buildings. Thus, this thesis focuses on the optimum cooling effect in combination of vegetation with ground surface albedo modification at street level in mitigating urban heat island (UHI) in Persiaran Perdana, Putrajaya, and the consequent benefits towards outdoor human thermal comfort and building energy performances.


strategic advantages that this also provides states, however. Thus, states are able to blame creditors for their decisions at the domestic level and domestic constituencies for their international-level actions. His analysis thus tends to exaggerate the threats to the stability of indebted governments despite the fact that his three cases have, in fact, demonstrated a great deal of stability through out the period he investigates. Nonetheless, the analysis has the virtue of identifying what is surely the core theoretical issue relating to international debt. Unfortunately, the book's analysis never fully realizes the author's ambition to integrate the international and the domestic parts of the story. Thus, chapter 2 describes the changing relationship between the international creditors and debtor states with a strong focus on creditor initiatives such as the Baker and Brady plans and barely a word regarding the domestic constraints the debtors brought to the bargaining table. Chapter 3 then shifts gears and analyzes the evolution of economic policy in the three cases: Kenya, Zimbabwe, and Brazil. Here, the donors all but disappear and policy outcomes are linked to a wide variety of domestic factors, from the ideological orientations of state elites to the interests of dominant societal coalitions. Chapter 4 then discusses the debt management strategies of the three states and their relationships with the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF). This chapter aims to link the two sides of the story but never really does. Although it repeats material from the earlier chapter, it offers little precise information to indicate that interest group pressures constrained, say, the government of Kenya in a specific set of negotiations with the World Bank or that the government of Zimbabwe implemented some policy change to please the IMF despite the pressures of an interest group. The sections on Brazil link, in general terms, the process of democratization during the early 1980s and the increasingly powerful trade union movement to negotiations with the IFIs, but even that stands out as an exception. For the African cases, societal pressures are alluded to but never actually described, and their capacity to influence the government's position in international negotiation is not documented. In fact, unions, professional associations, and other interest groups are exceedingly weak in most African states and usually lack the capacity to lobby decision makers with much effectiveness. The author is not helped by his choice of cases. They are different in too many ways to allow him to isolate the impact of the variables of interest on the outcomes we observe. It is not only that the Brazilian economy dwarfs those of Zimbabwe and Kenya or that its interest groups are much stronger. The major part of Brazil's debt is private, while the African states' is public; Brazil was a military dictatorship until the mid-1980s then underwent a democratic transition. Kenya and Zimbabwe's regimes, on the other hand, remained stable under one leader; Zimbabwe only became independent in 1980, and its debt problems came much later than Kenya's. And so on. Lehman notes many of these differences in an analysis often rich in insight and nuance, but he seems unaware that they make his central hypotheses essentially untestable with this sample of three. At the end, perhaps as a result, the book's findings are modest—that governments try to minimize opposition to their reform efforts by careful manipulation of the timing, sequencing, and speed of policy changes and that the partial implementation and "slippage" that characterize so many reform programs result from their desire to keep both domestic constituencies and international creditors happy. Despite these flaws, Indebted Development remains a useful addition to the still-growing literature on the politics of Third World debt. Its review of the global politics of debt is fine. It includes interesting analysis of the recent political economy of Zimbabwe, Kenya, and Brazil that is sure to engage scholars interested in those countries. Ultimately, it falls short in its ambitious theoretical claims, but it has sketched out a line of inquiry that will inspire others.


Abstract The geographical distribution of species of the genus Ophionyssus Mégnin (Acari) parasitic on lacertid lizards of the genus Gallotia Boulenger, endemic to the Canary Islands, is studied. A new species Ophionyssus dolatelacensis n. sp. (Acari: Macronyssidae) is described from Gallotia atlantica from the island of Lanzarote, Canary Islands, Spain


. Two species of the family Monophlebidae (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) are recorded for the first time in Oman. Icerya purchasi and Icerya seychellarum are occurred in northern Oman in Al-Jabel Al Akhdher while Icerya aegyptiaca is occurred in South Oman in Dhofar. Icerya purchasi and I. seychellarum are caused considerable damage on Punica granatum, Juglans regia, Ziziphus spina, Ficus carica, Acacia sp and Nerium oleander. The populations of the I. purchasi and I. seychellarum were considered to be exotic pests rather than aggressive native pest. These new records will be useful in the future as it could establish a solid area for researchers who will be interested to know about this species or the relation between these species with other species either from same species type or different species from other genera that could be reported in the future.


An Oil-Base Water-Absorbing Fluorescent Dyestuff Carrying Fluid used for testing metal which not only locates surface defects such as cracks but distinguishes between flaw depths and, consequently, flaw relevancy by means of combining different color water-soluble and oil-soluble fluorescent dyestuffs is disclosed in this invention. A process step in the use of this fluid is water washing of the surface to remove fluid which has not become entrapped in a surface discontinuity. During this step, fluid entrapped in shallow defects absorbs a relatively high percentage of water which activates the water-soluble dyestuff while fluid in deep defects remains substantially water free and the water-soluble dyestuff remains substantially inactive. Thus, shallow defects fluoresce the color of the water-soluble dyestuff and deep defects fluoresce the color of the oil-soluble dyestuff.


In medical diagnoses and treatments, e.g., the endoscopy, the dosage transition monitoring, it is often desirable to wirelessly track an object that moves through the human GI tract. In this paper, we present a magnetic localization and orientation system for such applications. This system uses a small magnet enclosed in the object to serve as excitation source. It does not require the connection wire and power supply for excitation signal. When the magnet moves, it establishes a static magnetic field around, whose intensity is related to the magnet's position and orientation. With the magnetic sensors, the magnetic intensities in some pre-determined spatial points can be detected, and the magnet's position and orientation parameters can be calculated based on an appropriate algorithm. Here, we propose a real-time tracking system built by Honeywell 3-axis magnetic sensors, HMC1053, as well as the computer sampling circuit. The results show that satisfactory tracking accuracy (average localization error is 3.3 mm) can be achieved using a sensor array with enough number of the 3-axis magnetic sensors


Pulse shaping of the UWB signal makes the pulse waveform meet the emission mask ruled by the administration government.The derivatives of Gaussian pulse are used as base functions of the linear combination to design the pulse,which accords with the power spectrum density requirement.Two different approaches,such as random coefficient combination and the coefficient combination based on LSE,are employed to choose the combination coefficients,the best combination coefficient is made certain according to the FCC UWB indoor spectral mask.The simulation results show that the power spectrum density of the combined pulses,which is obtained through two coefficient combination ways,approaches to the FCC UWB indoor spectral mask.Furthermore,the coefficient combination based on LSE has a better approaching effect and makes full use of the spectrum.


The present invention relates to a catalyst for lowering olefin hydrocarbon content in gasoline and raising its octane number simultaneously and its preparation method, the invvented catalyst is composed of (wt.%) 1-54% of Y-type molecular sieve, 1-20% of ZSM-5 molecular-sieve, 35-60% of carrier and 10-25% of binder. The said Y type molecular sieve is REY, REHY, USY or REUSY; the said ZSM-5 molecular sieve is modified hydrogen type molecular sieve containing zinc, gallium and two or more than two kinds of rare earth elements; and the said carrier is modified carrier.


Abstract It is an undoubted fact that neuroscientific models of explanation play a crucial role in the realms of science and public life. Besides some noteworthy theoretical problems (unserious experimental set-ups, mis- or overinterpretation, illegitimate analogies, etc.) there are also practical problems concerning the neuroscientific explanation monopoly. To bring those problems to light, it is reasonable to concentrate on a specific and currently prominent version of modelling – namely that undertaken by so-called biological psychiatry. In this article, it will be shown that the controversy concerning biological psychiatry is often guided by several misunderstandings and wrong-headed accusations. The article starts by giving a minimal definition of biological psychiatry which can be used as a common ground for further argumentation. It differentiates three subprojects of biological psychiatry and examines their risks and potentials in more detail. In sum, the article argues for a nuanced attitude towards biological psychiatry: If we are concerned with diagnostic practices and biological underpinnings of mental illnesses we are well-informed by the methods of biological psychiatry. However, if we want to know something about the nature of mental illnesses, we should imagine other projects which are theoretically much better equipped to answer ontological questions.


The advent of the system-on-chip and intellectual property hardware design paradigms makes protocol compliance verification increasingly important to the success of a project. One of the central tools in any verification project is the modeling language, and we survey the field of candidate languages for protocol compliance verification, limiting our discussion to languages originally intended for hardware and software design and verification activities. We frame our comparison by first constructing a taxonomy of these languages, and then by discussing the applicability of each approach to the compliance verification problem. Each discussion includes a summary of the development of the language, an evaluation of the language's utility for our problem domain, and, where feasible, an example of how the language might be used to specify hardware protocols. Finally, we make some general observations regarding the languages considered.