Show HN: I wrote about book about rebasing in Git - <AUTHOR> https://rebase-book.com <comment><AUTHOR> Hey everyone,

over the past two months I made it myself a challenge to write an ebook about rebasing in git and today I'm happy to launch a first version of it!

I see a lot of people struggling with having a fundamental understanding of how git works. Rebasing in Git is probably one of the most powerful features of the tool that can make everyone extremely productive when it comes to version control and working with peers on projects.

I've documented my progress at IndieHackers here: [https://www.indiehackers.com/product/rebase- book](https://www.indiehackers.com/product/rebase-book)

Will also write a post-mortem about how I've authored and published the book in just two months.

Feel free to follow me on twitter for updates: [https://twitter.com/PascalPrecht](https://twitter.com/PascalPrecht)

</comment><comment><USER2> Not to undermine author's efforts, but I feel we as an industry took a wrong turn somewhere. An entire book on what essentially is a single Git command is just insane.

<comment><USER3> You could be saying one of two things here:

1\. "The average dev these days is so terribly uninformed, they're willing to buy an entire book to explain what, to me, is a simple concept. I feel like devs these days aren't as good."

Or:

2\. "Our tools these days are so complex that the average dev needs an entire book just to understand a single command. I feel like our tools are too complicated."

You might want to work on being clearer about what you mean in the future, or else risk coming off as rude. I thought you meant #1 when I first read your statement, but, after rereading your statement, I'll give you the benefit of the doubt and assume you meant #2.

To respond to point #2: imagine explaining a complex bash command to someone. If they mostly used bash to change directories and list files, you might need to explain pipes, buffers, and the unix philosophy before they'd really understand it. As someone in this thread mentioned, they mostly use git for push/pull/merge and that's not uncommon. Most devs need more background about how git works behind the scenes in order to really get the benefits of something like git rebase. I happen to be one of those devs and I'm glad a book like this exists.

<comment><AUTHOR> Hey, Pascal here, the author.

I understand this reaction. And just like you've pointed out, it's actually not a whole" book about a single command.

In order to get a good understanding of rebasing, I believe it's good to have a solid foundation of how git works, which is pretty much what the first half of the book covers.

I could've left that out and only talk about rebasing without going into all the other topics but then, for someone who isn't experienced with the internals of git will have a hard time following what's going on.

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER4> The thing is, git is a tool, it should be pretty easy to use. If someone has to write an entire book about rebasing then, in my opinion, there's something wrong.

I just push/pull/merge. I've never had any issues, a monkey could do it and would have to go out of their way to screw it all up.

"Noob! You don't understand how git works"... maybe true. I understand how source control should work. I have far more important things on my day-to-day plate then to dig into the internal workings of git. The branching setup described in the git-flow thing has been around far longer than git.

<comment><USER5> I agree with Git being a (too) complex tool. However, I do not agree with the conclusion.

> _I just push /pull/merge. I've never had any issues_

If you're working alone or in a very small team, this may be true. But personally I am constantly (like monthly) helping my team mates fixing their Git issues. Last week our build job went rougue and created 400 commits with 60MB of data. We could have ignored it and lived with it for the rest of the repository's life - instead we just did a reset and rebased open pull requests. As if nothing ever happened.

And it's not only about _issues_. Knowing more then push/pull/merge makes the work more efficient. Example: not knowing how to _amend_ changes (or not knowing that something like this even exists) will lead to useless commits ("Fix typo", "Add missed file"). In a git log, I don't really care. When doing a git blame (at least weekly), I would have to go through those useless commits to get to the commit I am looking for. Sure, it does take only a few minutes, but on the other hand amend is no Git internal black magic either.

I also remember a lot of situations where people "lost" (or maybe actually _lost_ ) their changes and had to redo them by hand. A one-liner might be fine, a full day of work is not.

> _I have far more important things on my day-to-day plate then to dig into > the internal workings of git._

You don't have to know the internal workings. But the fundamental knowledge on commit level (what is a commit? what is a branch? what does reset/checkout/rebase actually do?) makes most "advanced" features really easy. Spending a couple of hours to properly learn the tool I'm using daily gives a great ROI.

</comment></comment><comment><USER6> Related: [https://learngitbranching.js.org/](https://learngitbranching.js.org/)

</comment><comment><USER7> That's really cool, the hand-drawn charts are super clear. I've never considered rebasing but I'll give it a go on my next project

<comment><USER8> > I've never considered rebasing ...

Sounds like you either don't use GIT a lot, or your team doesn't care about clean history.

With clean history, you can, for example, automate the generation of release notes. It's very helpful if you ask me.

<comment><USER9> IMO the pursuit of, or even a concept of 'clean history' is a fallacy and waste of time. It is a level of obsession which I think is just not worth it. Furthermore, a commit log is not the same thing as release notes. More often than not you need release notes for a product to be constructed in a user centric manner, describing features or changes which affect them - and that actually comes from the original requirements lists and not the minute implementation details.

IMO don't rebase, don't worry about 'clean' history. Obsessing over those is time consuming and risky. Just do your work and move on. Let your manager/lead deal with the external world.

<comment><USER5> > IMO the pursuit of, or even a concept of 'clean history' is a fallacy and > waste of time. It is a level of obsession which I think is just not worth > it.

While I do _obsess_ over a git clean history (at least in my personal projects), I still mostly agree. Doing rebase instead of merge to have a cleaner history (as in git log) might not be worth it (git log --no-merges will return a similar image). But there's one feature I use constantly that relies on not having any useless commits on it: git blame. Whenever I'm asking myself why a changes was made (at least weekly), I'm looking for the commit that introduced the change. Things like "fix typo" or "add missing files" don't help. Hence, I am doing a lot of amends and interactive rebases to combine changes that belong to each other. It may take 2 more minutes, but it will make my (and my collegues') life easier in the future.

<comment><USER10> If you follow a PR heavy or PR only methodology heavy on meaningful merges with good descriptions, `git log --first-parent` can be more useful than `git log --no-merges`. It's more condensed and focused on high level features instead of the smaller baby steps that build up the high level. `git blame` _also_ accepts `--first-parent`.

</comment></comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER11> The "Timeless Content" icon isn't loading for me (using Brave). Otherwise looks great and congrats on the release

<comment><AUTHOR> That's interesting, cause it's just an emoji, but thanks for letting me know!!

</comment></comment><comment><USER12> Title should probably read "...book about rebasing..."

<comment><USER13> Added. Thanks!</comment></comment>


Source: Twitter cut out of Trump tech meeting over failed emoji deal - <AUTHOR> http://www.politico.com/story/2016/12/donald-trump-twitter-emoji-crooked-hillary-232647 <comment><USER2> Okay hacker news. If there was ever a time to bend the "no politics" rule, this is it.

<comment><USER3> 100% this and yes.

<comment><USER4> The no-politics rule puts me in mind of a modified form of the apocryphal quote from Leon Trotsky:

 _You may not be interested in politics, but politics is interested in you._

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER5> For anyone else confused about what emoji has to do with Twitter hashtag, what they're talking about is something more properly called "hashflags" [0][1], which are custom icons that automatically appear after certain hashtags. For example, if you use hashtag #periscope [2], the Periscope logo will appear afterwards. They have nothing to do with the standard emoji set and are only "emoji" in the loose sense that they are pictorial images in line with text.

0: [http://gizmodo.com/those-weird-auto-emoji-in-your-twitter- fe...](http://gizmodo.com/those-weird-auto-emoji-in-your-twitter-feed-are- called-1733397229)

1: [http://hashfla.gs/](http://hashfla.gs/)

2: [https://twitter.com/hashtag/periscope](https://twitter.com/hashtag/periscope)

</comment><comment><USER6> Who can take the idea of "Silicon Valley" as an engine for social change seriously when industry leaders behave like this?

</comment><comment><USER7> Disappointed to see that this got flagged/buried -- I thought the no-politics ban was for only a week? Anyway, this doesn't have to devolve into a political debate, or at least Trump-bashing. Because the RNC was correct, if what's detailed in this post by the Trump ad-designer matches reality: [https://medium.com/@garycoby/twitter-restricts-trump- eb7e48c...](https://medium.com/@garycoby/twitter-restricts-trump- eb7e48ccf5ff#.7sbxfvbym)

The choosing of emoji is inevitably political -- how could it _not_ be? But in this case, it seems like the RNC was reasonably amenable to Twitter's purported requirements.

<comment><USER8> Political Detox Week is over. It was terminated early, but would have been over by now regardless. See [https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=13131251](https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=13131251)

</comment></comment><comment><USER9> Wow Trump is so alpha it's unbelievable.

He's negging the company that he uses to communicate with all of his fans. And he knows they won't do anything about it.</comment>


Hong Kong leader Carrie Lam says extradition bill 'is dead' - <AUTHOR> https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/3017795/hong-kong-leader-carrie-lam-says-extradition-bill-dead <comment><USER2> The bill "is dead". Well chosen words, but they mean nothing legally. She was playing with words. Only "withdrawal" has legal effect, therefore she refused to say it. She even said this definition is no difference to what she has been saying when she told the public the bill was postponed. So the whole statement was just paraphrasing the previous ones, nothing more.

While I believe the bill will not be reincarnated in a few years at least, other serious problems already arose during the recent movement. For example police brutally. She said there will be a watchdog committee that investigates the incidents in the past month, but she omitted the most important fact that the committee is formed by police let alone the fact that the decision to prosecute the police will be made by the Secretary for Justice, who herself has a record of supporting whatever political decision made by Beijing and the HK government. The committee will do nothing of use.</comment>


Image recognition in mobile game dev and testing - <AUTHOR> http://mobiledevandtest.com/testdroid/7896/mobile-game-testing-part-2-ui-and-functionality-image-recognition

<comment><USER2> There are different ways to recognize content from images. For example, "template matching" is just one technique for finding small parts of an image which match a template image. Imo, it is very handy even for recognizing UI elements and graphics resized and/or rotated in different form.</comment>


I gladly donated to reddit but I won't pay for it - <AUTHOR> http://www.reddit.com/r/reddit.com/comments/croqe/i_gladly_donated_to_reddit_but_i_wont_pay_for_it/

<comment><USER3> It's funny, when I saw the reddit blog post about the new features, I immediately thought they're shooting themselves in the foot. When you use a donation model, people donate what they feel they can afford, and some will be quite generous. As soon as you give specific rewards, it switches to a value decision in the user's head. Are the new features worth the price? The result of adding these features might be fewer people making the switch to "gold".

<comment><USER4> This was mentioned in "Predictably Irrational", essentially, this is exactly what you don't want to do, changing a decision from social to being economical. Unfortunately, you can't change it back easily.

I believe the example given was that of a daycare center. It used to be looked down upon when you pick up your kids late, and parents try to avoid it as much as possible. The center then added a penalty of some small monetary amount. This allows the parents to rationalize this as an economic decision, and many more chose to pay the fine. Even after they took the fine out again, they were unable to get the lateness rate down.

</comment></comment><comment><USER5> Reddit just needs to hire a sales/bizdev team. They have plenty of traffic, they just don't seem to have anyone creative or even competent trying to turn that traffic into cash flow. The first step might be actually selling some of their ad inventory. At least half the reddit pages I go to have ads for reddit. Digg has actually done some pretty innovative work around social ads that reddit could steal without too much effort. But again, they'd need someone to sell those ads.

</comment><comment><USER6> Disgruntled redditors will be coming here.

As one of them, I genuinely hope we don't make you feel as though Eternal September has come at last for this place, but you can't say you weren't warned or that you couldn't see it coming.

<comment><USER7> When you get a chance, please read the guidelines: <http://ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html>

<comment><USER6> >If your account is less than a year old, please don't submit comments saying that HN is turning into Reddit. (It's a common semi-noob illusion.)

I am genuinely not trying to start a flamewar (as stated in line 3 of the comments section of the 'guidelines'), but I don't think it's going to be an illusion for much longer.

This site seems to be mentioned very often recently (along with metafilter and buzzfeed) as becoming the reddit refugee camp for those who don't like what they're doing over there for a variety of reasons. Anyone who frequents both can attest to this.

P.S. my account here is more than a year old, having said that though, i never did read the rules until now. A good read. Thanks for listening.

<comment><USER8> There's nothing directly wrong with people coming from Reddit to HN. I never really spent a lot of time with Reddit as even when I transitioned I felt that Reddit was already in its downward spiral. My only fear would be that some of Reddit's mainstream users would make the transition but I feel this is unlikely, given the nature of the site. By having an established technical presence, along with progressive karma unlocks, new accounts have comparatively little influence on the moderation itself.

In addition, while Reddit facilitates anonymous discussion, Hacker News has a substantial transparency in its population. My real name and address, for example, are trivial to find out using the information in my HN profile -- and that's kind of the point. You'll find that this practice is far more common on HN than on Reddit.

<comment><USER7> _In addition, while Reddit facilitates anonymous discussion, Hacker News has a substantial transparency in its population. My real name and address, for example, are trivial to find out using the information in my HN profile -- and that's kind of the point. You'll find that this practice is far more common on HN than on Reddit._

I hadn't noticed this, but it's very true. As a side-effect of the "would you say this in person?" question, I treat HN users as I would people I would have no hesitation of meeting in person. On reddit, although someone could put in the effort to find/meet me in person, I assume no one will.

</comment></comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER9> If I were in their position, I'd try to swing the donation model. Reddit offers value and should receive value in return.

There is nothing wrong with trying to monetize an audience through advertising, but in some circumstances it is insulting to users. Reddit's value is derived from a strong sense of community and identification with that community: Secret Santa, University of Reddit, Reddit Island, and on and on. This spirit might not co-exist with aggressive advertising.

There is also nothing wrong with a premium subscription, but I think the author of the linked post makes a clear case for why this is harmful to the Reddit community.

Fundraising, however, would only tie the community together even more and intensify people's relationship with the site. Focus on the introducing the idea of ongoing donations into the culture, and focus on steering users away from the massive hive-mind sub-Reddits where there is less likely to be a sense of obligation to the site, and get more people involved in smaller Reddit communities where they are more likely to feel a personal connection.

I'd hate to see Reddit die, but I'd really hate to see it ruined because they can't figure a congruous business model.

</comment><comment><USER10> Not me.

I'm holding out for Reddit Platinum so I can look down my nose at those common Gold members.

<comment><USER11> If the board of Conde Nast decide they want to have their cars washed in cristal again at next years board meeting instead of letting reddit have enough to pay for an extra engineer then it's sure to come along.

</comment></comment><comment><USER12> Seems like backwards thinking to me. You'll gladly "help out" a billion-dollar corporation, but won't pay for some genuine extra services?

I'm seriously thinking I should ask for donations for LangPop.com - <USER2> like it but don't click on the ads. Maybe I could have a donate-o-meter for different languages.

<comment><USER13> Speaking as a donor who isn't considering "subscribing", others probably felt as I did, that we were donating to help out the reddit team rather than Conde Nast.

I have no interest in paying for reddit on a regular basis and cannot imagine any feature or service they could add that would make me change my mind. A donation to give the reddit team an opportunity to get their heads above water and start making positive progress was what I signed up for.

The last 6 months to a year, reddit has had regular scaling/feature/etc. problems and the communication from the admins and devs has always had the same tone of overwhelm. I'd love to see a site I use so often and enjoy so much get out of that hole and though I don't see this as being the way I wish them the best of luck.

(A bit off-topic but EC2 sticks out as the big money sink they need to fix, the last number I remember them quoting was $200,000 a year for their EC2/S3 usage. I would have loved to hear the money was going to outfitting a few racks and moving things back out of the cloud.)

<comment><USER12> > we were donating to help out the reddit team rather than Conde Nast.

In other words, you and the other donors lost a game of chicken with Conde Naste, and are paying for something that they now do not have to.

I suppose it's possible that they really would have shut things down or just let the site rot, but it seems a bit odd. Hard to know without more information though.

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER14> Has YCombinator funded any legitimately profitable companies?

<comment><USER15> Yes, but a lot of them don't find it necessary to openly talk about their balance sheets.

I'm sure Wufoo and the Weeblies are profitable. Grapevine says that MixPanel is profitable already. AirBnb came out early in the press and said they were ramen profitable and then talked about the advantages of being "pizza" profitable shortly thereafter. I'd be very suprised if Dropbox wasn't making decent money, although they may be focused on scaling rather than maximizing profit. I could be wrong, but at the work at a startup event, a couple of companies said that they were profitable already. Listia, maybe? Don't quote me on this.

From talking to YC founders, there's a pretty heavy emphasis to getting ramen profitable as soon as possible to gain leverage in fund raising negotiations. Starving founders tend to give away more equity and get worse terms than founders that can feed themselves and pay the rent.

p.s. Nice to talk to you, Zack. How are things?

<comment><USER14> Things are OK. Thanks for asking. I'm too disorganized, trying to get a half dozen projects going at the same time, so I am planning on hiring a life coach.

How are things with you?</comment></comment></comment>


Reflection on $1M made over 6.5 years from Internet businesses - <AUTHOR> https://threadreaderapp.com/thread/1295730795148193792.html <comment><USER2> I thought we usually think of profit when we say I made X. Turnaround can be a lot lower _or_ nearly 100% profit depending on your business. But maybe it's usual to talk about turnaround instead of profit in the US?</comment>


CIA malware system Athena - <AUTHOR> https://wikileaks.org/vault7/#Athena <comment><USER2> From the article, the malware "provides remote beacon and loader capabilities on target computers running the Microsoft Windows operating system (from Windows XP to Windows 10). Once installed, the malware provides a beaconing capability (including configuration and task handling), the memory loading/unloading of malicious payloads for specific tasks and the delivery and retrieval of files to/from a specified directory on the target system. It allows the operator to configure settings during runtime (while the implant is on target) to customize it to an operation."

First the Intel AMT vuln, and now all versions of Windows can be popped. Jesus, I'm just going to start porting Plan9 to my electric abacus.

</comment><comment><USER3> Another digest of the info: [https://thehackernews.com/2017/05/athena-cia- windows-hacking...](https://thehackernews.com/2017/05/athena-cia-windows- hacking.html)</comment>


Show HN: Picks – A list app for movies, restaurants, books, games, and more - <AUTHOR> https://www.getpicks.me/ <comment><AUTHOR> I'm Joe, I'm the co-founder of Picks. Picks is a list app for movies, restaurants, books, games, music, podcasts, and more coming soon. It's got a ton of rich content, reviews, maps and menus, trailers, descriptions, and a whole lot more. As you use Picks, we're trying to learn about your tastes, so we can send recommendations to you of new things to try.

Recently we've added some great discovery features, bubbling up content that's popular, to try and give you ideas of great things you can be doing. We've found that a lot of people are looking for one place to discover and track their content, so we're striving for the simplest, yet powerful way to help you do that.</comment>


Shocking opulence revealed as Ukraine leader flees home - <AUTHOR> http://news.yahoo.com/shocking-opulence-revealed-ukraine-leader-flees-home-185249634.html <comment><USER2> If by shocking they mean not shocking at all, and very similar to the level of opulence at the White House, then yes.

<comment><USER3> Not a very flattering comparison. The USA is how many times wealthier per capita?</comment></comment>


What public tech company should I research for my final project? - <AUTHOR>

I am a final year university student in London and love tech. As part of my degree I need to produce a (massive/100hr) research report on a company, its competitive position, financial promise and ultimately investment case. Since I love tech, I want to do a US or UK tech company. I would love to hear the HN community's views on promising tech public companies that you think would be cool to research. I will happily share the report with the HN community if it would be of interest.
Criteria: 1) US or UK based company 2) Public company (so post IPO) 3) In tech 4) Cool and interesting to research
Any suggestions greatfully received. Ben <comment><USER2> I would have said "Dropbox" however looking at 2) i'd say Twitter would be nice, i would love to read a report on it</comment>


The Ideal iPhone App First-Run Experience Is None at All - <AUTHOR> https://inessential.com/2020/05/09/the_ideal_iphone_app_first_run_experienc <comment><USER2> > Isn't there some quote, maybe even from Steve Jobs, about apps early in the > day of the App Store, that went something like this? "iPhone apps should be > so easy to use that they don't need Help."

We are so far away from Steve Jobs's original vision of the iPhone.

In my estimation, the iPhone was originally envisioned as a physical version of Mac OS X's Dashboard[1]. See also: developers were expected to code everything in html[2], the screen was only 3.5", and early iOS borrowed a _lot_ of Dashboard's UI elements.

The original iPhone was intended to be versatile, to be sure. It could become "an iPod, a phone," a compass, a map, or a camera—but never anything that couldn't be described in one word. A "special way to send and view pictures that self-destruct after ten seconds?" I don't think so.

I am, to be quite honest, quite nostalgic for the iPhone's original vision. Were someone to make a modern device which follows that philosophy, I'd be interested in buying it, as a way to get me away from my phone and increase my presence in the real world.

But the iPhone being sold today is very far, philosophically, from what Steve Jobs presented on stage.

\---

[1]: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8CBkEfNx1bs](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8CBkEfNx1bs)

[2] Remember, there was no app store at launch, and reportedly no plans to add one later at the time.</comment>


Microsoft sticks to default Do Not Track settings in IE 10 - <AUTHOR> http://www.zdnet.com/microsoft-sticks-to-default-do-not-track-settings-in-ie-10-7000002289/ <comment><USER2> 1\. Microsoft is in the ad business. 2\. With ad and analytics firms claiming its okay to ignore the DNT header from browsers that default it, I can't think of a better way to kill the spec.</comment>


In exile, Edward Snowden rakes in speaking fees while hoping for a pardon - <AUTHOR> https://www.yahoo.com/news/edward-snowden-making-most-digital-000000490.html <comment><USER2> Really? So the highlight is that he is earning money because he is valued as a speaker and someone who has something valuable to contribute to society.

"In my view, I think he has violated the oath that he made to this Constitution and this government," said CIA Director John Brennan in a recent interview with Yahoo News. "Getting remuneration for it is very unfortunate and wrong."

\- This is why the article is favored toward the CIA and Yahoo is putting it out in a narrative that is supposedly biased.</comment>


Arianna Huffington: Sexism isn't a 'systemic problem' at Uber - <AUTHOR> http://money.cnn.com/2017/03/20/technology/arianna-huffington-uber-quest-means-business/ <comment><USER2> Given everything that has happened over the last few months this unfortunately comes across as sounding pretty apologist...

</comment><comment><USER3> Trash.</comment>


Draw This - <AUTHOR> https://github.com/danmacnish/cartoonify <comment><USER2> This looks like a perfect project to work on to be ready as a present this holiday season for my kids. Great idea!</comment>


The world's first 100% honest Ethereum ICO - <AUTHOR> https://uetoken.com/ <comment><USER2> I for one think it's a promising coin.

<comment><AUTHOR> They raised $71.000 so far. ;)</comment></comment>


Street View of 80s NYC - <AUTHOR> http://80s.nyc/ <comment><USER2> The South Bronx really was a war-zone.

[http://80s.nyc/#show/40.8265/-73.9080](http://80s.nyc/#show/40.8265/-73.9080)

[http://80s.nyc/#show/40.8107/-73.9180](http://80s.nyc/#show/40.8107/-73.9180)

[http://80s.nyc/#show/40.8188/-73.9217](http://80s.nyc/#show/40.8188/-73.9217)

[http://80s.nyc/#show/40.8229/-73.9167](http://80s.nyc/#show/40.8229/-73.9167)

[http://80s.nyc/#show/40.8102/-73.9194](http://80s.nyc/#show/40.8102/-73.9194)

[http://80s.nyc/#show/40.8152/-73.9165](http://80s.nyc/#show/40.8152/-73.9165)

All of those rent-control incentivized arsons... empty lots with garbage everywhere... dogs running around with no owners visible.

Edit: correction, while rent-control played a big role in Brooklyn's housing abandonment rate, South Bronx faced a variety of factors in addition to rent control:

> For example, housing abandonment in the South Bronx, probably the most > devastated area in the entire city, can be plausibly related to the > economics of an obsolete housing stock. The area was one of the most densely > populated in the country in the 1940s and 1950s, and the housing stock > consists almost entirely of five- and six-story walkups. As population > density decreased, fifth- and sixth-story walkup apartments became > unrentable at prices sufficient for sound building maintenance, irrespective > of rent controls. Arson eventually became the owners' only financially > rewarding alternative.

[http://www.crainsnewyork.com/article/20100610/BLOGS01/306109...](http://www.crainsnewyork.com/article/20100610/BLOGS01/306109998/a-history- lesson-on-rent-regulation-in-the-1970s)

<comment><USER3> Have you been there lately? Fewer dogs but still similar.

<comment><USER4> I know it's fun to be edgy, but it's even more fun to be pedantic and provide links of what those actual locations look like today:

[https://email@example.com,-73.9077102,3a,75y,7...](https://email@example.com,-73.9077102,3a,75y,78.11h,78.55t/data=!3m7!1e1!3m5!1sERjgZvX9M5ufLK2zg8LeiQ!2e0!6s%2F%2Fgeo0.ggpht.com%2Fcbk%3Fpanoid%3DERjgZvX9M5ufLK2zg8LeiQ%26output%3Dthumbnail%26cb_client%3Dmaps_sv.tactile.gps%26thumb%3D2%26w%3D203%26h%3D100%26yaw%3D126.946075%26pitch%3D0%26thumbfov%3D100!7i13312!8i6656)

[https://email@example.com,-73.9187274,3a,75y,1...](https://firstname.lastname@example.com,-73.9187274,3a,75y,154.11h,88.32t/data=!3m7!1e1!3m5!1sKHIR-1FTXXzdTptJWawjIQ!2e0!6s%2F%2Fgeo2.ggpht.com%2Fcbk%3Fpanoid%3DKHIR-1FTXXzdTptJWawjIQ%26output%3Dthumbnail%26cb_client%3Dmaps_sv.tactile.gps%26thumb%3D2%26w%3D203%26h%3D100%26yaw%3D230.2409%26pitch%3D0%26thumbfov%3D100!7i13312!8i6656)

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<comment><USER3> >For Bronx, we found that the violent crime rate is one of the highest in the nation, across communities of all sizes (both large and small). Violent offenses tracked included rape, murder and non-negligent manslaughter, armed robbery, and aggravated assault, including assault with a deadly weapon. According to NeighborhoodScout's analysis of FBI reported crime data, your chance of becoming a victim of one of these crimes in Bronx is one in 94.

>NeighborhoodScout's analysis also reveals that Bronx's rate for property crime is 19 per one thousand population. This makes Bronx a place where there is an above average chance of becoming a victim of a property crime, when compared to all other communities in America of all population sizes. Property crimes are motor vehicle theft, arson, larceny, and burglary. Your chance of becoming a victim of any of these crimes in Bronx is one in 54.

Take a walk down there some night and tell me what it looks like up close. Don't bring your wallet.

[https://www.neighborhoodscout.com/ny/bronx/crime](https://www.neighborhoodscout.com/ny/bronx/crime)

<comment><USER5> This is what I personally can't stand about internet posters. Posting forcefully about things they have done no research on.

The borough of the Bronx compared to a number of cities Using total crime as that's what was used.

Chances of being a victim of property/violent crime Bronx 1 in 95, 1 in 54 Cleveland 1 in 63, 1 in 16 Denver 1 in 148, 1 in 28 San Francisco 1 in 127, 1 in 16

25% more likely to be a affected by violent crime than in San Francisco. And Less likely to be affected by property crime.

No one is saying all areas of the Bronx are utopias (definitely not), but from what I've experienced, people posting comments like the above are either made to disparage, or often are just blindly repeating what someone has read with zero knowledge of facts.

> With a crime rate of 70 per one thousand residents, San Francisco has one of > the highest crime rates in America compared to all communities of all sizes > - from the smallest towns to the very largest cities. One's chance of > becoming a victim of either violent or property crime here is one in 14.

      https://www.neighborhoodscout.com/ny/bronx/crime
      https://www.neighborhoodscout.com/mo/st-louis/crime
      https://www.neighborhoodscout.com/oh/cleveland/crime
      https://www.neighborhoodscout.com/co/denver/crime
      https://www.neighborhoodscout.com/ca/san-francisco/crime

<comment><USER3> What I personally can't stand are braying internet jackasses who read statistics and try to tell people who actually live somewhere how things are.

</comment></comment></comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER6> Seems that there would be quite a bit of historical value to getting everyone to digitize their personal photos and upload them to a shared repository. Has there already been such an effort?

<comment><USER7> This is similar to this one for SF [http://www.oldsf.org/](http://www.oldsf.org/)

Looks like the NYC one has more coverage though.

<comment><USER8> They also have a similar site for New York: [https://www.oldnyc.org/](https://www.oldnyc.org/)

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER9> From having browsed through the tax lot photos in the municipal archives from prior generations, it would be fun to see a split view where you browse around both the 1940s and 1980s at the same time.

If you browse around 80s Williamsburg photos it is not a place you would want to be. Now every one of those lots would be a _minimum_ of $1M, with waterfront lots in the tens of millions. Pays to play the long game.

<comment><USER10> In the long game we're all dead.

<comment><USER11> Not to mention that not everywhere comes back (in said lifetime at least).

The same gamble that paid off in NYC or Boston likely didn't in Baltimore, Detroit, STL, etc. Playing the long game has given you zero or near zero returns for decades there.

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER12> I was expecting a street view like Google Maps. The name seems a bit misleading to me.

<comment><USER13> Not hating, but I was underwhelmed.

There must be oodles of old NYC photos sitting in various old home photo albums out there. I hope some day they're all digitized and compiled into something like a VR experience. :-)

</comment></comment><comment><USER14> As interesting as it is to see some rough areas, most of the areas have not changed much. I looked at the streets where I used to live / currently live - they largely look the same. Some of the shops are still there.

Since someone mentioned popular culture references, one movie that I thought "got" the hyper nature of 80s NYC was "Crocodile Dundee". It is of course exaggerated, being a romantic comedy, but it got some parts of it very well.

</comment><comment> 52-6F-62 Nicely done! This is a great idea! I hope those photos from the 30s are digitized so they can receive the same treatment

<comment><USER15> From what I've seen of the 1930s/40s tax photos, they're much better quality as far as framing. Not sure if this is the case across the board, but the copies I looked up were pretty consistently better. But you have to either go in to the municipal building to look at them or order them online.

</comment></comment><comment><USER16> New York has really come a long way.

</comment><comment><USER17> Nice project. I was wondering how the street's were back then in 80s and it is hard to find a photo foe every street. Nice job

</comment><comment><USER18> There's an AR project in here, I tell ya!

</comment><comment><USER19> How appropriate. I was just watching Simon and Garfunkel perform 'The Boxer' in Central Park, 1981 on YouTube.

</comment><comment><USER20> I miss the old early 80s Times Square! Nice and seedy. (I was born in Brooklyn in 1962)

</comment><comment><USER21> My building and the pharmacy near me are there and look the same!

</comment><comment><USER22> First thing I noticed was the ReactJS favicon...

<comment><USER23> Good catch, thanks. I use Safari so didn't notice... favicon is updated now.

</comment></comment><comment><USER24> [https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=15260897](https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=15260897)

</comment><comment><USER25> I don't know much about NYC, but I've read "The Bonfire of the Vanities" (1987 novel; heard the movie sucked...). Anyone plot key points in that? (for example: the car scene of Sherman and Maria, the court house in the Bronx, the Park Avenue apartments). If not, whaddaya whaddaya?</comment>


Official Nvidia PTX Backend in LLVM trunk - <AUTHOR> http://llvm.org/svn/llvm-project/llvm/trunk/lib/Target/NVPTX/

<comment><AUTHOR> Clarification: this is the official backend Nvidia pledged to open source a few months ago. Exciting times.</comment>


A Financial Prophet Online Is Vilified in Reality - <AUTHOR> http://www.nytimes.com/2009/05/16/world/asia/16minerva.html

<comment><USER2> I've often thought about finance blogs from a binomial distribution point of view. Say, that out of the 25M+ finance blogs (<http://bit.ly/ep75e>) there are about 100k serious ones. Say that each week for a year each blog makes a verifiable, binary outcome prediction. Also assume that there is a 50-50 chance of that prediction coming true. We could expect 4 or 5 of those 100k blogs to be right 40 weeks of the year JUST BY GUESSING. Let alone some actual insight. Say you were one of those winning blog readers, and week after week this blogger keeps getting things right. Like Bear Stearns going bankrupt, for example. Every now and then (s)he could get something wrong, but there would always be a reason, or (s)he could say that the outcome is just temporary, and that the true outcome is anytime now.

You (and eventually, your friends) would start investing your money along his/her advise, and if the blogger is really, really popular (s)he could start moving the market enough to change the odds from 50-50 to 60-40.

I don't really know how to stop this, but it is interesting.

<comment><USER3> You realize you've just described a genuine, in-the-wild scam, right?

<comment><USER4> that and the old idea that enough monkeys pounding on typewriters can reproduce the works of shakespeare.

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER5> Sometimes technology has a way of overwhelming societies capability to adapt to it.

Cocaine problems in the US. Ultrasound in a country with a one child policy and a strong cultural preference for boys. Here, rigid societal hierarchies are subverted by the anonymity of the internet.

Technology has the amazing power to shape society as well as mirror it.

</comment><comment><USER6> That thing read like Ender's Game Peter/Valentine playing politics as Lock/Demosthenes, except South Koreanified and economic.

</comment><comment><USER7> Is there an American version of this guy? It seems like all the really well known American pundits are non-anonymous...</comment>


Ask HN: Does anyone else hate the "zero-button" Apple trackpads? - <AUTHOR>

I find that I misclick a dozen times a day, when my thumb does not press sufficiently normal to the trackpad surface, and so skids to a new location before the click happens. <comment><USER2> I think the apple track pad is the only good touch pad available on all laptops. I've never (ever!) liked using a touchpad on a laptop - until I tried the trackpad on apple's laptops.

Re: clicking, I always configure it so that tap-clicking is enabled, so I never really had this problem.

</comment><comment><USER3> I LOVE the Apple trackpad. Its the first trackpad worthy of being called one. I didn't realize how insanely awesome it was until I tried going back to older trackpads on Macs (from 2007) or even on any PCs. It is so amazing.

</comment><comment><USER4> I don't ever actually 'hardclick' the pad. I just tap it with my finger so I can't say that I've encountered this problem.

</comment><comment><USER5> I also hate the lack of actual buttons with tactile response.</comment>


Ask HN: What do you think of co-working spaces?  - <AUTHOR>

A friend of mine is looking to rent out a co-working space in the area. He believes it'll be conducive to greater productivity and some networking. Is it worth the money? How's the rep. of the co-working spaces in your area?<p>I envision this topic as something that can potentially help out a lot of HNers as well. <comment><USER2> Me and my cofounders are residents at Dogpatch Labs in San Francisco. The experience is awesome. The community feel and support is there, and it's so motivating to be around other startups. The coffee, meeting rooms, Internet, and awesome location on a pier in SF is awesome.

I think these environments are great!

I work there 2 or 3 times a week, otherwise i work out of my home office the whole day banging out code. But there are times you just need human interaction and meeting rooms. It's slightly embarrassing asking people to meet with you at home. Being at dogpatchlabs is much more professional :)

<comment><AUTHOR> How much is it per month? The website doesn't really state the prices and I'm also assuming it's selective in which startup/project it lets in.

<comment><USER3> It's a bit selective. But it's free. Up to 6 months I believe.

<comment><USER2> They are selective, and it's not actually free. Prices vary depending on what you need. There are some "scholarship" desks from what I know, which are truly free, but that's yet another program. Get in touch with Ryan Spoon / Polaris for info =) They also have Dogpatch Labs in NY and Boston.

</comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER4> I spent 6 months renting a desk in a large studio in Dalston, London. Wasn't IT/start-up focused, just lots of young small companies - graphic designers, artists, web developers, fashion designers. Quite boho. Was very cheap, amazing internet connection and generally good value. However it got freezing cold in the winter (it was a badly insulated warehouse) and being near the kitchen area was a pain cos people were always in there gossiping and making a lot of noise.

(Edit: plus the location was slightly dodgy. During my spell 2 shootings and 1 stabbing just yards from the entrance)

</comment><comment><USER5> Hacker Dojo!

Figure out the total dollar cost of coffee at a coffee shop, struggling to connect, traveling between the library and coffee shop or time lost distracted at home. Its most likely a good deal to get your own small space somewhere.

Hacker Dojo is just $100/mo, which is less than spending $5 a day. If your time is worth $50 an hour, you only need to save 6 minutes a day to spend that $100 every month.

If you only make $25/hour and the rent is $200 per person, you just need to get 24 minutes of extra productivity per day. seems like a deal to me

</comment><comment><USER6> I know of one in my area (Los Angeles) and that's CoLoft in Santa Monica. I was there for a mixer last week and I must say I would really enjoy working there. It's a very open space with 2-3 meeting rooms, a kitchen, tons of desks, chalk boards, dry erase boards, etc. It's very "startup" friendly. Great place to collaborate with other like-minded people.

As for the price, it's probably going to cost you much less than getting your own office space -- at least here in LA. CoLoft costs $345/month fulltime and $495/month fulltime with 24/7 access.

</comment><comment><USER7> I worked in Affinity Lab in DC for about 7-8 months, and I loved it. I ended up moving out of DC, and hence left Affinity Lab.

Working there was great. There were lots of people there working on all sorts of creative projects. The creative energy was a great motivating factor, and often times there were people that could help you through whatever business or technical problems you were facing (well, technical problems required someone to know what you were working on).

</comment><comment><USER8> I worked out of the CIC (cambridge innovation center - outside of boston) for close to a year. Great co-working space, gave me resources I never would have had on my own (conference rooms etc.). Would certainly recommend to others!</comment>


Ask HN: how to a/b test single page apps - <AUTHOR> I've been researching tools like optimizely and google optimize and it looks like a/b testing single page apps is more difficult than I thought, especially if you want to give a lot of control to product teams.<p>Are there any solutions that people have used, either 3rd-party or home-grown approaches, that maintained a good balance between robust testing while allowing non-engineers to implement experiments? <comment><USER2> [http://stevehanov.ca/blog/index.php?id=132](http://stevehanov.ca/blog/index.php?id=132)</comment>


Using a cryptographic hash to create a lot number for inventory control - <AUTHOR> https://joshuaschultz.com/blog/creating-lot-numbers-by-using-a-hash <comment><AUTHOR> A write-up on a quick project I did for my supply chain company creating a lot number using cryptographic hashing, and the number of benefits that arise out of using this method.</comment>


SOAP is officially dead, long live REST - <AUTHOR> http://reinout.vanrees.org/weblog/2010/11/11/soap-is-dead-long-live-rest.html <comment><USER2> I may agree that for most types of online APIs currently made available by so many SaaS and web companies, there is probably little use for the WS-* stack. However, corporate America I think will keep relying on SOAP for a long time since it's the only way (that I know of) to get distributed transactions, federated security and other enterprise type features required using web services. The WS-* stack is there for a reason and it's because big business requires it.

<comment><USER3> So big broadcast uses this standard called MOS to interoperate between say a video server and a switcher. I've always thought REST would be entirely appropriate, since they're simply exchanging messages. I'm wondering if you have any insight into SOAP vs REST in this situation. I mean would SOAP provide some level of confidence in message transmission that REST would not?

</comment></comment><comment><USER4> A comment on the page asks if there are REST libraries available. They really aren't needed in most cases. With a url lib and json/xml parser, you've got the libraries you need. It's easier to write an abstraction layer for your particular application than it is to adapt a library for your application.

<comment><USER5> I agree with your comment, but this is a big impediment for a lot of developers. I think it's partly conceptual. SOAP libraries will grab a wsdl file and generate a class with methods for each procedure the service exposes. That makes a lot of developers think something has been made easy for them, but they still have to understand the class interface to know how to talk to the service. REST is the same; you have to understand the interface (resource representations) to know how to talk to the service. REST just skips that middle code generation part where you tightly couple your code to a particular version of the service api. The developers who are looking for a library just want the code generation.

I tell people that they've already got the communication stack in place and don't need code generation; what they need is to understand the api and design the classes on their side that will _use_ the api. The http and json stuff gets buried there, not in a client-side facade class.

</comment></comment><comment><USER6> I will be very happy to see SOAP go away forever. A GET/POST with a JSON or XML response is just so much easier to deal with.

However, the reality is that there are many enterprise tools that only work via SOAP. Standards organization or not, SOAP will be with us for a long time.</comment>


AT&T Readies Technology to Let Multiple Devices Share One Phone Number - <AUTHOR> http://recode.net/2015/10/14/att-readies-technology-to-let-multiple-devices-share-one-phone-number/ <comment><AUTHOR> I did not identify how this service differs from using multiple SIM cards with the same number, which I can get for a small fee (below 10€) from my provider (in Germany).

Does anybody know how details about the specific implementation?</comment>


Gigalixir: Elixir's Platform as a Service - <AUTHOR> https://www.gigalixir.com/ <comment><USER2> Jesse, the founder, is very responsive and helped me set up my static blog (which is a bit more difficult than a standard Phoenix app). It's a great service, and if anyone needs help setting up their own static site on there let me know!

</comment><comment><USER3> Just wanted to say I'm the founder. Happy to answer any questions!</comment>


Web page service workers bypass ad-blockers after Chrome 72 upgrade? - <AUTHOR> https://twitter.com/jviide/status/1096947294920949760 <comment><USER2> It might sound dramatic, but if they do block or cripple ad blockers, then I think that could represent a turning point in Chrome's popularity. Even my non-technical friends use an ad blocker, and it's also one of the best defenses from viruses on the modern web, so people who do family tech support are likely to be pretty proactive in ensuring that the computers they look after are running browsers with ads blocked.

<comment><USER3> I hate Mozilla pushing their own things almost as much as Google (a screenshot service? I have a keybinding for that, thank you) but this will probably be the straw that makes me jump ship.

There's always IceCat I guess. Websites get away with loading files from a ridiculous number of third-party servers and it's pretty frightening when you look at the uMatrix tab for it.

<comment><USER4> Firefox's built in screenshot system provides one things that others don't. You can screenshot the entire page as a single unit, without having to resize the window beyond your own screen size.

<comment><USER5> Most plugins I've seen for doing screenshots provide that functionality. Admittedly I've not looked much, but any screenshot utility that can't do that is pretty much useless to me, so maybe I've only looked at ones that had it.

<comment><USER4> That might be the case now (I haven't looked either), but back when this was introduced that wasn't the case.

</comment></comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER6> Even if this is chalked up to something inadvertent, it's only a matter of time before it happens for good. Google will likely win this arms race, at least within Chrome.

The browser from the mega company that gets nearly all revenue from ads will eventually close that hole.

I switched to Firefox about a year ago in anticipation of this specific change, and haven't missed a thing.

</comment><comment><USER7> In the past few months several services I (used to) use, one of them being paid Spotify, started to crack down on adblockers and anti-adblockers killers. I don't feel this is just a coincidence, together with Chrome changes.

I'm pretty happy about this as I want the ad companies to start getting desperate and throwing punches. It's like people won't see how bad the situation is until you they get shit almost literally thrown in their faces. Tracking, data collection and malware are too invisible for people to care.

<comment><USER8> It wasn't paid Spotify. It was the free one. People who provide a negative value to Spotify were having their accounts disabled

</comment></comment><comment><USER9> It sounds like ad blockers need to work on the os level now and not a browser extension. Just block all requests from the machine to the ips.

<comment><USER10> They'll just serve the ads from the same ip as the content then, or even embed it right in the same request as the content.

<comment><USER11> You'll face kickback from ad agencies over that: the third party requests are also used by the agency to track that the impression/click/etc did actually occur and the publishers aren't just lying about it to boost their numbers.

<comment><USER10> Hmm, that's interesting. Makes sense.

</comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER12> DNS based blocking still works :]

<comment><USER13> Not for Youtube and I guess that is what Google mostly cares about.

</comment></comment><comment><USER14> Stop. Using. Chrome.

</comment><comment><USER15> The Twitter thread ends in "submitted a bug report"...this is a feature not a bug, right?

<comment><USER16> No, a bug that was even already fixed: [https://twitter.com/jviide/status/1097199686849581057](https://twitter.com/jviide/status/1097199686849581057)</comment></comment>


Programming on paper - <AUTHOR>

I know that Edsger Dijkstra preferred to write his papers longhand:
http://www.cs.utexas.edu/users/EWD/ewd13xx/EWD1300.PDF
I was wondering if it would be possible to write a complex programming project in longhand on paper until everyone in the group signs off that it is bug free? Has anyone ever tested this? I am just curious what would happen. Thank you. <comment><USER2> Years ago, I worked at Starbucks and carried with me a notebook where I wrote fairly sophisticated programs including an Oberon implementation and a core image analyzer for CMUCL.

My hand-written code is in a human intermediate language that's more hand- waving than actual code. I write the difficult parts, but all boiler-plate, syntax and other stuff are not there. I prefer either drawing pads, or ruled notebooks with very thin and very light lines. Get a spiral notebook as well; typically I only write on right hand side pages, to allow me to tear a page if I want, and to put a diagram on the left side if I need to draw something, or I get in the flow and need to spit out a few chunks of code in a spastic moment.

</comment><comment><USER3> For me the paper would have to be very stretchy, I tend to go back and insert stuff. But ... years ago I had the privilege of working with one of the most awesome designer/programmers I've ever met. We would argue and sketch away in a meeting room with huge whiteboards on three walls. When we were in agreement we would go off and code and document the stuff, wiping off the parts as we completed them. When the whiteboard was cleared, we were done with that module/class, whatever. Then we'd attack the next module. Wrote an all-of- business custom app (think ERP++) for our client in about three months. Don't think we could have done that with paper.

</comment><comment><USER4> A TA in the one and only Comp Sci class I took at the U of Mn was pretty much a walking Scheme interpreter. So I imagine there are individuals who could write reasonably error-free code on paper before running it. I couldn't (quickly) find any references to people who have tried this on any larger scale, though.

</comment><comment><USER5> Sounds awesome to me... I wonder what would we all IDE autocompletion slaves do. I actually had to once write an entire grails project in EditPlus. No auto completion or fancy refactoring of IntelliJ just because the company would not spend the money. Is Joel listening?

<comment><USER2> wrt to IDE auto-completion: when you write by hand you don't actually write correct programs. You make assumptions about what level of detail you want: the mundane and boiler-plate parts can be ignored, or reduced to a descriptive function name (e.g. GET-INPUT) then the interesting parts can be fleshed out to any sufficient detail. Usually as I progress through a project, my later "models" of it are smaller, as I have understood all the components piecemeal. I tend to draw a few squares when I fully understand a problem, otherwise it's a long rambling into emacs' org-mode.

</comment></comment><comment><USER6> I tend to debug on paper fairly often. I print out a pile of code and go off to a quiet room and digging through it seems to make more sense to me sometimes than staring at the monitor does.</comment>


Ask HN: Where can I learn about basics of how to build a simple trade market? - <AUTHOR>

I would like to learn about basics of a simple trade/stock market and how to build/run one. - I have no background on this subject. - Final product will be a game like software. Any url or advice will be greatly appreciated. <comment><USER2> Not an expert on this, but here are a few open source projects that came up from a quick search:

<http://www.marketcetera.com/site/> (HFT platform)

<http://zocalo.sourceforge.net/> (prediction market)

<http://www.grism.org/> (stock price tracker/analyzer)

Searches

trading: [http://sourceforge.net/search/?type_of_search=soft&words...](http://sourceforge.net/search/?type_of_search=soft&words=trading)

market: [http://sourceforge.net/search/?type_of_search=soft&words...](http://sourceforge.net/search/?type_of_search=soft&words=market&search=Search)</comment>


Python and Perl project support on Travis CI - <AUTHOR> http://about.travis-ci.org/blog/announcing_python_and_perl_support_on_travis_ci/ <comment><USER2> I must admit, I had no idea what Travis CI was until today. I have never heard that name before. Today there have been two submissions for this Python/Perl support they're adding (the first one had 15 up-votes in 13 minutes). Now this one is here.

Is this some super-popular but yet not very well known (to me, at least) piece of software? Because it sure seems like they've got some pretty hardcore fans.

<comment><USER3> Travis is an open source CI system for running open source projects on. It uses a distributed setup to run the tests of projects in a sandboxed environment. The VMs also provide multiple lang versions so you can test your library against several ruby/python/perl/node/erlang/php versions without even having to think about it.

In short, Travis makes CI testing easy and fun for OS projects.

<comment><USER4> Seeing how everything is opensourced, how easy is this to get up and running on an intranet? Is that at all a goal of the project?

<comment><USER3> It is one of the eventually goals, but Travis has a lot of moving parts due to its distributed nature. We do plan to make in-house installs easier in the future.

</comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER5> Wow, great service. The integration is very smooth. Looks like it has a lot of potential.

Correct me if I'm wrong, but I don't see many Perl users adopting this. Perl has had a similar service built into CPAN for many years. The big advantage I see in CPAN Testers is that it tests your code on about 50 different versions of Perl on about 20 different operating systems. And the only thing you need to do to use this service is upload your code to CPAN.

<http://www.cpantesters.org/distro/M/Moose.html#Moose-2.0402>

<comment><USER3> You are right, and we mention that in the blog post. CPAN Testers is about testing your releases, but Travis is about testing your pushes to GitHub as you develop. Travis does not aim to replicate with CPAN Testers does, we are more of a complimentary service. :)

<comment><USER5> Whoops I missed that. Thanks for explaining the difference. That feature is pretty cool.

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER6> I've already hooked my own Python project up to it (<http://travis- ci.org/#!/AndrewIngram/django-extra-views>) and was very pleased with how straightforward it all was.

I'd really like to see more detailed test breakdowns and code coverage reports. But I expect this will be a lot harder if there's no standardised output format for such things.

Very good work though!

</comment><comment><USER7> Does this track the projects my project depends on?

<comment><USER3> Not yet, but in the near future. It would be awesome to run the tests of projects automagically when a dependency is updated! :)

<comment><USER7> Cool. That's the whole point of continuous integration. Everyone knows that their own stuff passes; it's "does this change break _other people's stuff_ " that's hard to determine.

This is something I've wanted to set up for a long time. Let's chat on IRC some time?

<comment><USER3> Sure, you can find me in #travis on freenode, my handle is josh-k :)

</comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER8> what is the tl;dr on what Travis CI is offering vs. jenkins ? mainly that it's hosted ?

<comment><USER3> Jenkins is great for in-house installs, but Travis is currently focused on testing open source projects in a distributed and live fashion. They are not competitors as they are solving different issues. Testing open source in the open means other devs can get involved and help out when they see failures on particular setups. And you can even link to line numbers in the Travis logs, making it easier to point to the failure!</comment></comment>


Why sessions are bad - <AUTHOR> http://groups.google.com/group/webpy/browse_thread/thread/2870837302e90df0/eaec76f0d202e228

<comment><USER2> It's amazing that someone could write something with this title and forget to include any actual reasons why sessions are bad. He probably should have just called it "Sessions Are Bad."

</comment><comment><USER3> This makes no sense to me at all. Barring some pretty nasty hacks, theres no other way to implement a lot of the features users expect in modern web apps without sessions.

Unless you're totally fine with a HTTP authentication popup every time you visit the site, that is...

<comment><USER4> OAuth and SAML are both stateless web compatible authentication mechanisms. Neither are nasty hacks and neither require the dreaded browser login prompt.

</comment></comment><comment><USER5> Wow, terrible. Old news, no real solution here, just the same old realization that "the web should be stateless" and the same, obvious retort that, you know, we more or less _need_ sessions to provide security for users.

<comment><USER4> _we more or less need sessions to provide security for users_

This is not entirely true, SAML tokens are a very good solution for stateless authentication and authorization. The nice part is that they can provide third party authorization as well.

Session creates so many anti-patterns that it is no wonder that traditional web 1.0 development is in the state it is in. There are a multitude of other solutions out there that provide very clean stateless programming patterns.

The problem with session is that once a developer falls on it as a crutch it begins to be used for all manner of bad programming habits.

Sun had a very good product called OpenSSO that did stateless authentication and authorization unfortunately it was one of the project Oracle killed off.

</comment></comment><comment><USER6> warning: article is from 2008, and is an advance ad for a book that hasn't been published yet.

cookies are limited to 4K (not enforced uniformly by browsers) and the total number of cookies and the number from any single domain are also (theoretically) restricted. server-side sessions don't have these limits (or don't have to). author seems unaware of this when he espouses cookies instead of sessions. he also doesn't address the obvious security problems of maintaining state in cookies and form fields, where anyone can fiddle with it.

<comment><USER7> > and the total number of cookies and the number from any single domain are > also (theoretically) restricted

Did you mean "practically"? From what I've seen, HTTP specs generally don't set limits (so I would not expect any for cookies), and RFC 2965 is no different: it only sets a lower bound (300 cookies, 20 cookies per unique host or domain, 4k per cookie).

Theoretically (from a strict RFC reading), almost nothing in HTTP is restricted, but implementations tend to disagree at every single level of resolution (and some do pretty damn early)

</comment></comment><comment><USER8> I read this, and I still didn't understand why sessions are bad. Is he talking about sessions as distinguished from other cookies?

<comment><USER4> Sessions are bad because they try to bolt on a statefull pattern onto a stateless medium. This results in several things the first being no guaranteed terminator in which you have to have a catch all pattern to clean up the trash, the catch all's are not ideal for two reasons both related to the fact that it has to be time based (relying on timing in an none timed operation usually indicates you are doing something very wrong). Anyways if you get the timeout too short you kill the users session and have to create even more workflow to get them back to where they where (if you can). If you get the timeout too long you end up eating up too many server resources. I have seen it happen time and time again as soon as an app starts to experience some load as it grows the teams first reaction is to tighten the session timeout, if a teams first course of action to a scalability issues is to tighten there session timeout, they are in real trouble if they get hit with fast growth.

Session is inherently more difficult to scale horizontally, it creates the need for memory replicator routines or homegrown solutions of syncing all sessions to a DB and replicating it on other boxes. This creates complex infrastructure dependencies that have to be accounted for when you have to scale horizontally again.

As well, developers tend to, over time, uses session as a dumping ground, if they need to carry the shopping cart to the next page they just dump the whole 10 megs of data into the session, there is no way (without setting up monitors) to enforce that session is not becoming bloated.

We had a guy one time dump a 200 meg object in session for ever user (it was 1 years availability for ever hotel in North America). He needed one days data for the confirmation and the user might adjust the dates so he just stuck it in session.

Further, session being a grab bag and global in scope means that even when an object no longer has any reference session still has a reference to it so it just sits there pollution memory. So in essence session creates all the same problems that global variables caused, global variables are considered bad practice these days because of those scoping problems. Some developers get lazy and when they do session is a big lazy enabler.

Contrast these with a stateless patterns and it becomes far more simple, users never time out, so you can pick up an operation 4 days from now, the client holds all of the information to pick up the transaction where it left off. As well since the client and server transfer state between each other scaling horizontally becomes simply an exercise of installing the app on another box and adding it to the route table on a round robin load balancing strategy.

And that is the crux of the issue, session is great when you are building an app that sees no load, so developers write an app that relies on session when they are starting out, it gets them in the mentality of using session so when it does start getting load they are already in the session mentality, so instead of taking a critical look and saying we need to get this app stateless so we can quickly scale horizontally, they stay in the session mentality and start designing solutions to replicate memory, store session in databases and other suck solutions that cure the symptoms. That is usually the beginning of a long painful process that finally end in statelessness.

<comment><USER9> [snip]the client holds all of the information to pick up the transaction where it left off.[/snip]

Have you considered the security implications of this? How do you check to see if your transaction data wasn't maliciously modified by the client?

<comment><USER4> The first part of any security is to figure out what truly need to be protected and focus your efforts on securing those points. That being said the vast majority of web apps have a very small surface of information that someone would look to exploit mainly being credit cards and to a lesser extent personal information. But session is not the solution to fixing that problem, it is merely, again curing the symptom; the cure is to build your web application so that it solicits, transmits uses and disposes of credit card information in a single state transfer.

Further if you have a sign up where credit info will be stored you should be using a solution that provides you with a proxy of the numbers collected and not the actual number itself. None of this is fixed by session rather session just allows you to design patterns that take jirations to bolt onto HTTP.

As for the transaction data being modified by the client, whether you transmit entire state or snippet of state you have the same issue, at some point if the client is comprised they are comprised you can't secure the client you can only assume that all clients are hostile, session does not fix that fact. In the end, with session based auth, web developers post a form over an SSL connection and receive a proxy ID for that session. If someone hijacks that proxy they become that user, in statless auth you POST some auth info over SSL, if someone hijacks the token they become that user. Session does not make a web application more secure. It just helps developers not think through the ramifications of their design choices. Worse yet it gives developers a false sense of security in which they feel that the information is protected by being in session on the server side, when in fact session hijacking is trivial.

</comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER10> This, btw, is a thread from 2008.</comment>


Zero-day Wordpress exploit on the loose - Patch your themes immediately. - <AUTHOR> http://zefonseca.com/blogs/zen/the-timthumb-php-vulnerability/

<comment><USER2> Just for clarification, this is NOT a Wordpress exploit, this is an issue with an external image resizing script timthumb.php which is used in many popular themes.

<comment><AUTHOR> Of course, good clarification. "Wordpress" in the title means to call attention that this plugin runs under Wordpress, so anyone running it should check their filesystems for this file.

This...

find . -name timthumb.php

...should help.

<comment><USER3> that won't do. the script has been renamed in a lot of themes it has been included in. try something like:

        $ grep -rH "(strpos (strtolower ($url_info" /path/to/wordpress

if you are auditing PHP code, strpos is good to look out for, since it is often misused such as the case here. strpos will evaluate to true is the needle is match anywhere in the haystack, so things like:

        if(strpos(strtolower($username), 'admin'))

will match username 'test.admin' etc.

<comment><AUTHOR> great tips. appreciate that, thanks for sharing.</comment></comment></comment></comment>


Hyphenation in CSS - <AUTHOR> http://clagnut.com/blog/2395 <comment><USER2> So when are browsers going to abandon their greedy line breaking algorithm and implement Knuth/Plass or similar?

In my opinion that is the single biggest problem with web typography, and has been for years. Significantly more important than auto hyphenation.

This has been a solved problem for 40 years (or at least 10–15, if we need to worry about fast performance for interactive use on a desktop computer). Should be table stakes for any software rendering long blocks of text.

<comment><USER3> This comes up on every thread related to web typography, and the answer as always is that it's not possible in the general case, at least not with the specs as they are today. The biggest problem is that the CSS specification demands that a float be placed as high as possible (CSS 2.1 section 9.5.1, rule 8 [1]). But float ceilings can be anywhere in the middle of a paragraph. By its nature, Knuth line breaking means that any particular unit (word), and therefore any float ceiling, might not be _as high as possible_. In fact, the only algorithm that can be used in this case to satisfy the spec is the greedy one. Therefore, Knuth line breaking cannot be used on the Web.

It might be possible to use Knuth line breaking in specific circumstances, such as when paragraphs have no floats. But not in general.

[1]: [https://www.w3.org/TR/CSS2/visuren.html#float- position](https://www.w3.org/TR/CSS2/visuren.html#float-position)

<comment><USER2> There has to be _some_ kind of method that does a better job balancing line widths than the naïve greedy version, and is compatible with whatever requirements browsers are subject to.

Can someone hire some grad students to tackle this or something? We are talking about a significant proportion of all reading people do every day, all over the world.

A pocket computer that can do hundreds of billions of arithmetic operations per second should be able to make text as pretty as an apprentice typesetter from 1600.

<comment><USER3> As stated before, the _only_ algorithm that satisfies the constraint that floats must be placed as high as possible is the greedy one (or, to be more precise, any such algorithm must match the output of the greedy one).

<comment><USER4> Why not just make this algorithm a non-default option (like hyphenation) and accept that when it's enabled floats may not be optimal?

<comment><USER3> Sure, an opt-in may be possible. But it requires some spec work and isn't something browsers can just do right now. As gsnedders points out, we'd probably have to spec the entire algorithm to avoid causing compatibility problems in the future.

<comment><USER5> As you suggested if there are no floats there would be no reason to NOT use the better algorithm. I personally don't use floats often and definitely not inside paragraphs.

As suggested by others bad line-breaking has a bad effect on the large reading population.

Also I hope they can do the thing to adjust spaces on the line so all lines look about the same length.

</comment></comment></comment></comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER6> Somewhat related, but not the same thing; I'm curious when Firefox will finally get proper line breaking support for Burmese and related languages?

Burmese doesn't have spaces between words, just between phrases and sentences. Breaking lines between sentences results in really ugly jagged paragraphs. (I've ended up inserting Unicode zero width spaces between each syllable to get line breaking to work consistently in projects I've worked on.)

Checking just now on Windows 10, Firefox and Edge aren't doing it correctly but Chrome and IE are. Even Windows Notepad is getting it right.

<comment><USER7> File a Mozilla Bugzilla bug? Firefox is meant to use Uniscribe line breaking for complex scripts on Windows, which should handle this.

</comment></comment><comment><USER8> Is there any data on whether hyphenation actually improves reading speed? My hunch is that the problem it mostly solves is packing a greater number of words on a fewer number of printed pages, thus saving the printer money.

But my impression as a reader is that I stumble over hyphenated words much more often than I am distracted by a particularly ragged right edge or a big river in a justified paragraph.

<comment><USER9> I have no data on it, but I presume it depends on a language heavily. In languages like English where words are not that long it'd be very counter- intuitive that hyphenation could help with reading speed as we don't read individual letters, we read word by word. Splitting words in two parts can only slow down the reader. In languages like German with a lot of very long words built by combining a few simpler ones, I presume hyphenation can be important tool to avoid having big holes in the text that could make it hard for readers' eyes to follow the lines of text.

<comment><USER10> > very long words, hyphenation important

Oh don't worry I prefer words like "Kindercarnavalsoptochtvoorbereidingswerkzaamhedencomitéleden" to be one thing so I can just gloss over the blob. Only have to read the blob once to recognise the shape and know what it refers to. With hyphenation it's a different blob every time, so then I might spend time reading 60 letters.

Hyphenation is for newspapers, where space is money.

<comment><USER11> If you want to skip over the blob, sure.

But if you want to read it, hyphenation makes it much easier. Because your claim that there would be a "different blob every time" is not false, but misleading. There are different blobs, but they are all ones that can berecognized by shape.

Because such long words would certainly be split up between their constituent words, not between random places.

This actually makes a hyphenated composite word easier to read than the very long non-hyphenated form.

<comment><USER12> > Because such long words would certainly be split up between their > constituent words, not between random places.

At least for German, this is not a requirement. Hyphenation doesn't happen at random places but at syllable boundaries.

The only care that you should place up hyphenation is that it shouldn't lead to possible misreadings. "Ur-in-stinkt" being the classic example. Only split that word at the first, never at the second possible hyphen.

<comment><USER11> It is not a requirement, but you would generally do that. Hafen-meister instead of Ha-fenmeister.

</comment></comment></comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER13>  support has been around for at least a decade and it can be done server side with any logic.

It's probably not needed today but when I first used it the logic was along the lines of adding it at the 5th 7th 9th characters provided there were at least 4 more characters after each  or some such while being wary of hanging the last word etc.

It's a soft hyphen meaning the browser will break if needed otherwise ignore it. It's an HTML feature rather than a CSS one which also has implications.

<comment><USER14> Awesome, didn't know about that one.

MDN has a good page to see it in action, as well as comparison with <wbr>

[https://developer.mozilla.org/en- US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/wb...](https://developer.mozilla.org/en- US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/wbr)

</comment></comment><comment><USER15> On a slightly related note, I find it incredible that the Kindle (and presumably other e-readers) still fail to support typographic standards that printed books have had for hundreds of years. It took them years to support hyphenation at all, and now that they do, the number of times I've turned a page only to find it completely blank but for the very last syllable of the very last word of the chapter is infuriating. I know it's a small thing, but it instantly rips me out of the story and reminds me of the imperfections of the thing. For a single-purpose device by one of the world's largest tech companies, that's just not good enough.

<comment><USER16> What do you expect it to do differently in that case?

<comment><USER12> This is a problem since printed books exist.

There are lots of different options: [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Widows_and_orphans#Guidelines](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Widows_and_orphans#Guidelines)

The kindle also doesn't support proper kerning. Sorry if I told you that and you can't unsee it now.

But you can install 3rd party reading software on jailbroken kindles like koreader that fixes some of the deficiencies.

<comment><USER17> I was just trying to find _koreader_ on the Play Store, but am not having much luck. What's the actual name, please?

<comment><USER12> I don't know if it's in the Play Store but you can download the APK directly from GitHub: [https://github.com/koreader/koreader/releases](https://github.com/koreader/koreader/releases)

Although Koreader has been originally developed for e-ink devices. I'm not sure how well it has been optimized for normal tablet screens.

<comment><USER17> Great - thanks for the link.

</comment></comment></comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER18> Now if only there was a way to specify that paragraphs of text shouldn't leave an orphan word on the last line, I could use one CSS property to get the consultants off my back instead of having to preg_replace the last space in every <p> paragraph with an  .

<comment><USER19> You might at least be interested to know that you can also wrap those last(two or more) words in <span class="nobreak"> with the nobreak class using "white- space: nowrap;" so that your solution works across all languages, rather than just those where the non-breaking space doesn't looking horrendously out of place.

</comment></comment><comment><USER20> Curious how automatic hyphenation works with ambiguous words?

E.g. to pro-ject an image but to work on a proj-ect. [1]

Documentation does seem to suggest that inserting a soft hyphen  at the correct point will serve as a hint that automatic hyphenation should obey. [2] Not that many people are going to remember to bother.

But wondering if any browser's automatic hyphenation dictionaries attempt to perform any contextual analysis such as part-of-speech tagging to try to get it right in ambiguous cases?

[1] [https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/project](https://www.merriam- webster.com/dictionary/project)

[2] [https://css-tricks.com/almanac/properties/h/hyphenate/](https://css- tricks.com/almanac/properties/h/hyphenate/)

<comment><USER21> I never knew about the  entity, but now I won't forget it. It's a hyphen, but a shy one!

</comment></comment><comment><USER20> In English at least, I don't think hyphenation is ever really going to take off on the web, because most body text on the web is in a wide column and left-justified, since screens are wider rather than taller (unlike books and newspapers).

Hyphenation is by far most valuable in narrow columns and particularly columns that are justified, because it allows for far more even spacing between words/letters.

(I wonder, for example, if the NYT would ever adopt hyphenation in the narrow article blurbs on its home page, which are in narrow columns in a grid, although not justified.)

Still, it's a pretty cool tool to have for the occasions when you do want it. (And the author mentions how valuable it is in German, so other languages may need it more.)

<comment><USER22> > screens are wider rather than taller

What about mobile web

<comment><USER20> Excellent point, totally escaped me. Yes, I would _love_ to see hyphenation take off more when reading articles on phones!

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER23> I am fine with just considering hyphenation a thing of the past. Do we really think it adds value? I find it far easier to read text that doesn't break words in half.

So what if the right margin is a bit raggedy.

<comment><USER19> Respectively: that's your perogative; yes; cool; typesetting matter, sometimes drastically, even if most of the time you don't even notice it.

I have several "books" on the web, for which hyphenation is a godsend, especially as CSS is not just for that computer monitor you're staring at, but also for `media="print"`, which yes: matters even in 2019.

<comment><USER23> Ok, well I personally find them a bit jarring, after years of mostly reading on the web where they are extremely rare.

I remember typing papers on manual typewriters and having to think about where to hyphenate (as well as just when to do a carriage return), and it was awful. Admittedly now it is more of an aspect of reading (since an algorithm can do the actual hyphenation), but still. I would prefer we just abandon it.

Could explain why it matters more on a printed page that on a monitor? I don't see any relevant differences.

<comment><USER19> No, but therein lies the crux. You don't see any relevant differences, but there are billions of people who aren't you, and a good portion of them are what people who don't care about ragged vs perceived aligned edges call "a bit OCD" (even though of course it has nothing to do with OCD). They prefer nice, clean typesetting and layout, and enough of them are disturbed by ragged edges in "not novels" to not even bother reading more than a page. That's eyeballs, and opinions, lost over a typographical feature.

So for me, if the choice is between "maintain ragged edge, lost half my readership" (on what are already niche topics; how many people can possible care about Bezier curves, for instance) and "justify the content, with hyphenation because holy shit justified text looks bad without it" and not lose that readership, it's a no-brainer.

Because that's primarily what you use it for: you use hyphenation in combination with justified text to make sure that the number of words per line of text end up in the 14~16 range, without crazy longs gaps in sentences that are forced to move words like "reconfiguration" or "interoperability" to the next line because they're not allowed to hyphenate them. Back in the typewriter days, with fixed letter spacing and separate pointsize discs/balls, that was an absolute dire chore: 100% agreed that if at all possible, back then ragged edges were the way to go.

But the moment we got decent automated layout management through LaTeX (while plain TeX worked, it was also horrible) and these days XeLateX, and later on HTML+CSS, the "chore" part disappeared. You simply write your text, you turn on auto-hyphenation, and you don't give it a second thought until someone goes "hey this sentence looks really off", and then you fix that one sentence.

And then for novels, keep things ragged. The readership's used to it. But for web content, especially the kind of textbooks that can be printed, too, meet the people where they are, not just where you're comfortable.

<comment><USER23> "maintain ragged edge, lost half my readership"

Uhhh, really? Love to see the A-B test. Or anyone who is so "disturbed" by ragged edges that they'll stop reading and is willing to speak up about it. Sorry, but I think you are making that up. That is an absurd claim.

"But for web content, especially the kind of textbooks that can be printed, too, meet the people where they are"

Web content has been mostly without hyphenation for 20+ years. People ARE used to it.

(If you think I'm a kid with no concept of design: I'm 55 years old, have a degree in design, and was doing bezier and b-spline curves starting in the mid 80s)

</comment></comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER24> I imagine this can be combined with a media query so that you can use hyphenation differently on small screens when real estate might be lacking and the ragged edge takes up too much space.

Time to experiment!

</comment><comment><USER25> Good to have this overview! I abandoned hyphenation in a project after seeing it behave so different from LaTeX's. Looks like I missed some options.

Related, I was looking at multi-column CSS for magazine or newspaper typesetting. The controls on column-breaking were not well supported, making it very difficult to not end up with ugly typography. Would love to see improvements there as well.

<comment><USER26> If you want real typesetting via CSS, you can use PrinceXML. It does great hyphenation, column breaking, and has some extensions to CSS to allow similar controls as you'd get from LaTeX's column options.

[0] [https://www.princexml.com/doc/11/hyphenation/](https://www.princexml.com/doc/11/hyphenation/)

[1] [https://www.princexml.com/doc/11/floats/#float- extensions](https://www.princexml.com/doc/11/floats/#float-extensions)

<comment><USER25> Oops, I meant newspaper-like layouts for browser pages. But cool, I like the specific extensions PrinceXML has for column control. thanks for the reference, will try it if i need this for printing

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER27> > _Automatic hyphenation on the web has been possible since 2011 and is now > broadly supported. Safari, Firefox and Internet Explorer 9 upwards support > automatic hyphenation, as does Chrome on Android and MacOS (but not yet on > Windows or Linux)._

If Chrome doesn't do it on Windows, then it just as well might not exist.

Chrome has ~80% of the users, and Windows has a 90% as well. So Chrome/Windows is the most important combo.

I wouldn't call this state "broadly supported" in any way.

</comment><comment><USER28> First impression: I like the nuanced control over _where_ hyphenation happens, but can't help but wonder whether giving the browser control over the intraword hyphenation candidate points is a good idea. Don't we have soft hyphen characters in Unicode for exactly the purpose of letting authors precisely specify hyphenation candidate break locations?

<comment><USER29> How would this work? You cannot know the exact flow of text on each and every platform, so you would end up just manually specifying every possible hyphenation. That would seem to be a lot of work to create something that's almost definitely going to contain far more errors than a somewhat complete dictionary that ships with the browser.

<comment><USER28> What about words that the browser doesn't know about? While automatic hyphenation point insertion is convenient, I want to retain the ability to provide manual overrides.

</comment></comment></comment><comment> frosted-flakes One problem for which there is no CSS solution yet is orphaned lines caused by floated images, when only the last line of a paragraph flows beneath the image. Particularly annoying with left-floated images in RTL text. I don't use floated images that often, but sometimes the design calls for it.

</comment><comment><USER30> A bit late. Why only now do we get support for this basic text formatting primitive?

<comment><USER31> This has been supported since 2011.

<comment><USER32> Only hyphenate: auto has, and only in Firefox. Chrome didn't add support until 2 years ago.

In my experimentation hyphenate: auto doesn't give good results; you need all the other hyphenate rules to get that, which aren't widely supported yet.

<comment><USER33> Chrome on Linux and Windows has no support:

[https://caniuse.com/#search=hyphens](https://caniuse.com/#search=hyphens)

Also from the article:

"Safari, Firefox and Internet Explorer 9 upwards support automatic hyphenation, as does Chrome on Android and MacOS (but not yet on Windows or Linux)."

</comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER34> >The language of a webpage should be set using the HTML lang attribute: <html lang="en">

And if I want to have more than one language on the same webpage?

<comment><USER35> > And if I want to have more than one language on the same webpage?

Simple, add more than one lang="" attribute. You can add them to _any_ HTML tag.

Learn more about lang in HTML here: [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/#the-lang- and-xml:lang-attribut...](https://html.spec.whatwg.org/#the-lang-and-xml:lang- attributes)

And it can be really useful for styling purposes too - you can use CSS to style writing direction, font, text rendering settings, even which types of quotation marks to use for each language you want to specify

Learn more about :lang() in CSS here: [https://drafts.csswg.org/selectors-4/#the-lang- pseudo](https://drafts.csswg.org/selectors-4/#the-lang-pseudo)

Or see an example of how it can be put to use here: [https://github.com/mozdevs/cssremedy/blob/master/quotes.css](https://github.com/mozdevs/cssremedy/blob/master/quotes.css)

<comment><USER34> > Simple, add more than one lang="" attribute. You can add them to _any_ HTML > tag.

Thanks! Very helpful and thoroughly referenced :)

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER36> There's an ff ligature on the page that got hyphenated for me. ("differences" under section 1)

</comment><comment><USER37> Does this impact screenreaders?

<comment> frosted-flakes No. Screen readers ignore CSS text transformations like this.

<comment><USER37> Thanks, good to know.</comment></comment></comment>


Crowdsourced hate speech database could spot early signs of genocide - <AUTHOR> http://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2013/04/crowdsourced-hate-speech-database-could-spot-early-signs-of-genocide/

<comment><USER2> Interesting idea. I wonder if it is too dystopic though; falls too much into the realm of trying to pinpoint thoughtcrimes.</comment>