RESULTS: At end of wk 6, EX had significantly lower BW (494.3+34.7g versus 565.3+47.9g, p=0.001), mean daily EI (77.5+3.5 kcal versus 91.6+5.2 kcal, p<0.001), and serum leptin (90.8+40.1 pg/mL versus 635.7+225.6 pg/mL, p=0.001) in comparison to C. No difference was observed between EX and C in serum T (12.7+6.0 ng/mL versus 12.9+5.8 ng/mL). At end of wk 12, exercise groups (EX and EX+HC) had significantly lower BW (539.4+40.6g versus 645.1+60.7g, p<0.001), mean daily EI (81.7+2.9 kcal versus 87.8+1.9 kcal, p<0.01), and serum leptin (132.8+110.1 pg/mL versus 519.2+300.8 pg/mL, p=0.001) in comparison to C and C+HC. HC diet did not have significant impact upon serum T in comparison to standard diet (3.8+3.4 ng/mL versus 4.9+2.4 ng/mL). CONCLUSIONS: Despite low energy availability, exercise-induced reproductive changes may not occur in training programs <12 weeks. Lower EI observed in exercise groups despite higher energy expenditure may indicate that low energy availability in endurance-trained individuals may be inadvertent. Supported by American Egg Board Graduate Fellowship Research Grant


Background: We evaluated 3-month neurologic, functional, cognitive, and quality of life (QOL) outcomes in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) overall, and by sex and ethnicity in a population-based comm...


One of the biggest sources of state revenue comes from taxes. The tax is not the most effective way to use the law, with no direct reciprocity and is used for the state's needs for the greatest prosperity of the people. The purpose of this study is to know the effect of personal trust and personal innovation on taxpayer's desires with attitude as a variable intervening. The result show that attitude can mediate the relationship between trust and personal innovativeness.


The present article is an analysis of Lu Xun's short stories from the collection Outcry , which came into being at the culmination of the Chinese spiritual rebirth, between 1918 and 1922. I argue that Lu Xun's concept of the 'iron house' represents one of the central symbolic elements in his short story opus and connects individual stories into a meaningful whole that expresses a higher allegorical sense.


Optical properties of chalcogenide glasses, GexAsySe100-x-y (33les x les39 and 12les y les16) were studied by using Raman, UV-vis-IR and PDS spectroscopic techniques, and the relationships between structure, composition and optical property were discussed.


The invention relates to a multi-frequency folded coil antenna comprising a medium base plate, a grounding surface, a radiation part and a matching circuit, wherein the grounding surface is provided with a grounding point and is positioned on the medium base plate; the radiation part comprises a support medium, an annular metal wire and a regulating metal sheet, wherein the length of the annular metal wire of the radiation part is about half of the wave length of the lowest resonance frequency of the multi-frequency folded coil antenna, the annular metal wire is also provided with a feed-in end and a grounding end, wherein the grounding end is electrically connected with the grounding point of the grounding surface, the annular metal wire is folded into a spatial structure and supported bythe support medium, and the regulating metal sheet of the radiation part is electrically connected with the annular metal wire; the matching circuit is positioned on the medium base plate, one end of the matching circuit is electrically connected with the feed-in end of the annular metal wire of the radiation part, and the other end is connected with a signal source.


The present invention relates to a nuclear magnetic resonance tomography (synonym: magnetic resonance tomography, the MRT) in general, as it is applied to the medical examination that patient. Here, the present invention relates in particular angiographic imaging A magnetic resonance tomography without contrast agent for a method of non-triggering, having the following steps: S1: using a SSFP sequence insensitive traffic body having a blood flow area 2D or 3D measurements, S2: using a flow-sensitive SSFP sequence measurements for the same body region, S3: the measurement result of step S1 and S2 obtained in the co-registered, S4: the registration in step S1 obtained after the measurement results other weighted or weighted measurement results from subtracting the registration obtained in step S2, S5: the image obtained in step S4 2D or 3D image is corrected by the gradient fields and to remove / or magnetic field inhomogeneity due to the image distortion, S6: in MIP segmented vessel tree representation or 2D or 3D representation of the vessel tree displayed in the form angiogram in step S5 obtained.


This policy document addresses the spectrum utilization policy for the introduction of new licence exempt wireless devices in the frequency bands 46.7-46.9 GHz, 57-64 GHz and 76-77 GHz. With this new spectrum, a wide range of innovative LE products, services and applications will be supported.


This study deals with the air permeability of concrete with microcrackings. Mirco crackings chosen in this study are cracking induced by the differences of thermal expansion coefficients between aggregate and mortar or between aggregate and cement paste under elevated temperature as well as internal cracking formed around deformed tension bar. The air permeability coefficient of concrete under elevated temperature above 100 deg C becomes more than scores of times compared with that of concrete at normal temperature. The increasing rate of air permeability coefficient of concrete by heating corresponds to the amount of microcrackings. In the case of reinforced concrete specimen subjected to sustained tensile loading, the air permeability coefficient of specimen averaged through cover has the large value compared with the specimen without tensile force. And, as the tensile stress and the diameter of steel bar become larger, the air permeability coefficient of specimen increases. (Author/TRRL)


The author asserts that general chemistry material both pushes material of doubtful value and omits material that is useful to many.


Four alternative techniques are commonly used for measuring the halo effect in performance appraisal: dimension intercorrelations, factor analysis, raters x ratees interaction, and rating dispersion. The study tested the equivalence of these techniques by measuring possible differences in their respective estimates of halo when two variables were manipulated: the global impression held by the ratee (poor vs. excellent) and status relative to the rater (superior, colleague, subordinate). Each of 125 Israeli managers was asked to assess on a seven-dimension form one outstanding and one poor superior, colleague and subordinate with whom they had worked. Findings indicate that the different measures of halo were differentially influenced by the manipulated variables. The intercorrelation and factor analysis measures yielded no significant differences among ratee groups, while both the standard deviation and the interaction measures were affected by the two manipulated variables. These findings suggest that the halo effect may be divided into two distinguishable types: covariance, reflected by intercorrelation and factor analysis methods, and co-occurrence, measured by the interaction and dispersion methods. The article discusses the conceptual meaning of these types of halo and the factors to which they are differentially sensitive.


Objective
To investigate the effect of toxic smoke on the heart, lung, liver and kidney of male rats after combustion of non-metal material in military airtight cabins.

Methods
36 male SD rats were randomly divided into control group and five smoke inhaled groups (1, 6, 24, 72 h and 7 d post-exposure) with 6 rats in each group. The control group inhaled fresh air and smoke inhalation groups were continuously exposed in smoke for 10 min, and the pathological changes of heart, lung, liver and kidney in each group were observed.

Results
Varying degrees of injury can be observed in heart, lung, trachea, liver, kidney of rats after smoke inhalation at different time points and smoke particles were observed to deposit extensively in the tissues above. The degree of damage at 24 h post-exposure was the most serious and the process of injury coexisted with proliferation after 24 h post-exposure. All the observation above suggests that smoke inhalation can lead to a certain degree of damage on heart, lung, trachea, liver and kidney, and the process of self-repairing could be coexisted after smoke exposure. Damage to the myocardium: particulate matter deposition, myocyte swelling, local dissolution and necrosis. Damage to the lung tissue: diffuse hyperemia of the pulmonary interstitium, infiltration of inflammatory cells and erythrocyte exudation in the alveoli. Damage to the trachea: edema of epithelial cells, partial cilium exfoliation, and separation of local epithelial cells from cartilage. Damage to the liver: particulate matter deposition, hepatocyte cytoplasm loosening, and varying degrees of edema and vacuolation. Damage to the kidney: the damage of the glomerular vascular endothelial cells, the interstitial space of the renal tubules and the deposition of smoke particles in the lumen.

Conclusion
Smoke particles resulting from combustion of nonmetal materials in military airtight cabins can deposit in tissues of heart, lung, liver, kidney and other major organs through the blood circulation after inhalation and lead to morphological pathological changes of tissues in above organs.

Key words:
smoke inhalation injury; pathology; military airtight cabin; rats, Sprague-Dawley; Systemic toxicity


The conductivity of DE can be further improved by using single-wall CNT (SWCNT), which has higher conductivity than carbon black. Electrodes using SWCNTs can be easily created by packing the CNTs in a spray can. This method was most recently developed by Zeon Corporation under the direction of Chiba et al. In the CNT dispersion, the CNT and 2% by weight sodium cholate were first added to the dispersion medium, and then dispersed using an ultrasonic homogenizer. When DE was produced using this CNT spray electrode on 3M acrylic, it was 2.2 times better than DE produced using the carbon.


One of the major causes of premature convergence in Evolutionary Algorithm (EA) is loss of population diversity, which pushes the search space to a homogeneous or a near-homogeneous configuration. In particular, this can be a more complicated issue in case of high dimensional complex problem domains. In [13, 14], we presented two novel EA frameworks to curb premature convergence by maintaining constructive diversity in the population. The COMMUNITY_GA or COUNTER_NICHING_GA in [13] uses an informed exploration technique to maintain constructive diversity. In addition to this, the POPULATION_GA model in [14] balances exploration and exploitation using a hierarchical multi-population approach. The current research presents further investigation on the later model which synergistically uses an exploration controlling mechanism through informed genetic operators along with a multi-tier hierarchical dynamic population architecture, which allows initially less fit individuals a fair chance to survive and evolve. Simulations using a set of popular benchmark test functions showed promising results.


The deployment of camera traps, which automatically take pictures of wild animals moving in front of them, is now routinely used to survey terrestrial mammal communities worldwide. The resulting photographic data are used to answer questions relating to the richness and structure of mammal communities, the density of their component species, and how the latter might interact. This thesis fills key methodological gaps in how these questions are addressed. My first data chapter assesses how the exact placement of camera traps on natural game trails influences the characterisation of community richness, composition and structure in an east African savannah landscape. I find that a trail-based placement strategy leads to more species being detected more rapidly relative to a random one, and increases capture rates for carnivore species in particular. In contrast, I reveal in Chapter 3 how a non-random camera trap placement strategy can bias estimates of absolute density for an unmarked large carnivore, the lion Panthera leo, obtained using an ideal gas model approach. Chapter 4 considers spatiotemporal patterns in camera trap data, and to what extent they can be used to infer on the kleptoparasitic and predatory tendencies of spotted hyenas and lions, respectively, in Tanzania's Ruaha landscape. I find patterns to be generally uninformative, and so, in Chapter 5, turn to another method of collecting spatiotemporal data, Global Positioning Satellite telemetry, to make inferences on the spatial response of elk to wolves in Yellowstone National park. I find no evidence for a significant spatial avoidance of wolves by elk, suggesting that species interactions may not always lead to measurable spatial patterns. Nevertheless, in my final chapter, I use an individual-based modelling framework to simulate different types of prey responses to predator movement in the absence of confounding factors, and find that a huge amount of camera trapping effort would be required to distinguish between them. This thesis highlights how camera trap placement can affect the description of mammal communities and the estimation of species density. It also shows that we cannot rely solely on spatiotemporal patterns derived from camera traps to make inferences on complex interactive processes.


Most readers and scholars encounter stemmatological practices when using an edition. While the detailed questions taken up in dedicated stemmatological studies and examinations occupy specialists, practically speaking stemmatology is employed in the service of producing a critical edition. The edition, however, is not a single, monolithic entity but a product that can be representative of a number of academic traditions and scholarly practices. Indeed, many editions are produced without using the stemmatological method. Consequently, it is not surprising that there is no shortage of books and essays that endeavour to set down how a text should be edited and what tools should be used. Recent handbooks espousing the genealogical tradition include Richard Tarrant's Texts, Editors, and Readers (2016) and Paolo Trovato's Everything You Always Wanted to Know about Lachmann's Method (2017). Ralph Hanna's Editing Medieval Texts (2015), on the other hand, espouses the principle of selecting a single manuscript while comparing known witnesses for variants (see Göransson 2018 for an account). While individual experience and academic orientation will necessarily shape and be apparent in individual contributions within this chapter, overall the chapter ventures to provide a practical survey of types of editions and editing tools, with a specific emphasis on the process of establishing a critical text through the common-errors method. Given the variety of methods used to produce an edition, this chapter begins with Odd Einar Haugen's systematic description of various editorial practices (6.1), those that have tentatively employed stemmatology and those that have different theoretical bases for the presentation of edited text. Haugen usefully distinguishes reconstructive editing, which aims to present a hypothetical original or archetypal text, and non-reconstructive editing, which uses an extant witness as the basis for an edition. In the case of most editions, we see a link between the methodology used to establish the edited text and the presentation of the edited text. However, as Haugen shows, in some cases an editor may provide and argue for a stemma, but not use the stemma to present a reconstructed text. In the subsequent section (6.2), Marina Buzzoni addresses the specific case in which the stemma is used to produce a critical text with the genealogical or common-errors method. The principles of the method and criticisms of it have been presented in earlier sections (see e.g. 2.2, 2.3). Buzzoni offers a number of examples from textual traditions that illustrate the principles of recensio (the establishment of the stemma and the classification of witnesses and readings), emendatio (the selection and emendation of readings), and dispositio (the final stage of laying out the edited text, apparatuses, and other material). The section also examines new perspectives that arise out of an increasing awareness of the prevalence of traditions that resist the clear lines and structures of a closed tradition, such as Wulfstan's


Forming experiment of this probe has proves usage the personal rough approach for creation of indispensable qualities for the future managers o f entrepreneurial business.


In a context of limited purchasing power, spatially concentrated income-earning opportunities and other urban functions, accessibility to means of connectivity can be a determining factor in overcoming poverty for residents in physically marginal areas. Using the case study of Soacha, a municipality adjacent to Bogota (Colombia's capital city), this paper explores the generation travel strategies in a context of uneven provision of material infrastructures and services for transport. Through the analysis of qualitative data from semi-structured interviews and existing statistics from the latest Origin-Destination survey, the research identifies central elements in the development of strategies involving formal and informal mechanisms of transport in order to secure access to opportunities. Residents from peripheral settlements in conditions of poverty take advantage of the flexibility of informal alternatives of transport, increasing their influence in space and filling gaps in a fragmented set of formal networks. Information obtained from users of informal alternatives and mechanisms for access suggest better conditions than users of purely formal transport modes in the same areas. Travel patterns and preferences identified contribute to build a better-informed analysis of the role of flexibility and affordability in transport policy development for poor peripheral populations in similar regions and contexts.


An excellent ring of prime characteristic for which the Frobenius map is pure is also Frobenius split in many commonly occurring situations in positive characteristic commutative algebra and algebraic geometry. However, using a fundamental construction from rigid geometry, we show that excellent $F$-pure rings of prime characteristic are not Frobenius split in general, even for Euclidean domains. Our construction uses the existence of a complete non-Archimedean field $k$ of characteristic $p$ with no nonzero continuous $k$-linear maps $k^{1/p} \to k$. An explicit example of such a field is given based on ideas of Gabber, and may be of independent interest. Our examples settle a long-standing open question in the theory of $F$-singularities whose origin can be traced back to when Hochster and Roberts introduced the notion of $F$-purity. The excellent Euclidean domains we construct also admit no nonzero $R$-linear maps $R^{1/p} \rightarrow R$. These are the first examples that illustrate that $F$-purity and Frobenius splitting define different classes of singularities for excellent domains, and are also the first examples of excellent domains with no nonzero $p^{-1}$-linear maps. The latter is particularly interesting from the perspective of the theory of test ideals.


Deformation map prediction is a critical tool to foresee signs of abnormal events. Such forecasting facilitates quick countermeasure to avoid undesirable conditions. This work presents a novel recurrent neural network to forecast time-series deformation maps from InSAR data. Our proposed recurrent network employs a multi-scale attention mechanism to identify vital temporal features that influences subsequent deformation maps. We have evaluated our model on volcanic monitoring data using the Micronesia islands (Canary and Cape Verde archipelagos) Sentinel-1 imagery acquired between 2015 and 2018. The proposed method achieves minimal prediction error compared to the observed deformation values, suggesting the high reliability of our approach. The experimental results indicate the superiority of the proposed method in forecasting deformation maps with high accuracy compared to existing state-of-the-art approaches. Various ablation studies were conducted to study and validate the effectiveness of the multi-scale attention mechanism for deformation map forecasting.


The paper considers the writings of Mary Butts (1890—1937) to explore a geography of ghosts. After examining earlier geographical engagements with the spectral and magical, and outlining the terms of recent scholarly debate concerning spectrality, the paper introduces Butts' life and work, focussing on her ghostly writings in stories, novels, journals, autobiography and an essay on the supernatural in fiction. Butts' discussion of magic and place, and her accounts of the landscapes of Dorset and west Cornwall, demonstrate a version of spectral landscape conveying enchantment, secret meaning and a culturally select geography. The paper concludes by considering Butts in relation to current discussions of spectral geography.


Problem:  The purpose of this present ex vivo study is to get insight in the sex differences of the basic non‐specific and specific immune response.


Eucalyptus has been largely used in the pulp and paper industry in Iberian Peninsula, due to its fast growth and high productivity. This eucalyptus utilisation has generated high amounts of wastes, including leaves, branches and stumps. Hence, these wastes were selected for the co-pyrolysis studies to produce liquid fuels or raw materials. As an alternative to the conventional biomass pyrolysis, biomass was pre-treated under mild acidic conditions to obtain valuable sugar-rich stream to be used in fermentation and the solids rich in lignin were mixed with PE (polyethylene) wastes to be used in co-pyrolysis. The pre-treatment process seems to have weakened initial macromolecular structure of eucalyptus wastes and thus might have helped chemical bonds breakdown during co-pyrolysis. The results obtained so far have shown that PE presence seems to have favoured the biomass conversion. The effect of experimental conditions using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was studied. There was a good agreement between theoretical and experimental data. The highest liquid yield (78 % wt) was obtained at 380 oC and for the reaction time of 20 min. These conditions led to the lowest gases yield (7 % wt) and also to the lowest solids yield (14 % wt).


For similar physical–chemical processes in chemistry and biology, the phenomenon of linear enthalpy– entropy compensation (EEC) is a thermodynamic puzzle remaining unexplained for a long time. The basic thermodynamic rules do not rigorously support the EEC phenomenon. In some restricted conditions EEC may appear linear with nonrealistic (i.e. hypothetical) values of the slope (the compensation temperature), and the intercept (the compensation free energy). The compensation temperature (Tcomp) is normally higher than the experimental temperature. Compensation temperature may even become negative, and the related phenomenon is called anti-enthalpy–entropy compensation (AEEC). Negative Tcomp is unrealistic. Both EEC and AEEC are not explainable; the derived Tcomp and ΔGcomp (free energy of compensation) of the EEC plot are impractical. The neglect of the Gibbs free energy changes (of similar processes in the EEC plot) makes the phenomenon arbitrary. In a restricted condition (i.e. narrow free energy window range) linear compensation is an assumed solution. In overall consideration, the reported correlations are physicochemically uncertain. The said compensation may arise for both kinetic and equilibrium processes. The manifestations are nearly same. Our demonstration and discussion in this paper pertain to equilibrium processes.


It is shown the method of calculation of increase of durability and reliability of underground pipelines of large-break is offered through banding at transporting of oil and gas.  An analysis over is brought and short description of method is given. Considered features to the coiling bracer on pipe-basis. Presented results of calculations of the shrouded pipeline by means of the offered methods, got values of internal efforts and moments in dimensionless sizes.


We present a model of two Anderson impurities coupled to and through a superconducting island. The model parametrizes the strength of the coupling between impurity sites, allowing it to represent a variable distance between the impurities. We systematically explore the effect of the model parameters in the subspaces with total even and odd occupancy, identifying unique features of the charge stability diagrams that distinguish the two parities. For total odd electron parity, we identify a device tuning, in which the splitting between the two lowest energy states is highly insensitive to changes of the chemical potentials. We investigate the degree to which a qubit based on such two states is tunable and discuss an optimal choice of parameters to maximize inhomogeneous dephasing time. Finally, we point out that the proposed qubit lacks a transition dipole moment, and outline some of the consequences on viable driving and readout mechanisms. The prototype qubits could be realized with the existing capabilities of coupling quantum dots to hard-gapped superconductors.


In fungi, a phenomenon termed heterokaryon incompatibility restricts hyphal fusion to occur within an individual since fusion between individuals leads to cell death. Generally, the genes involved are found to be under balancing selection from negative frequency dependent fitness. Here, we assess this in Aspergillus fumigatus, a human pathogenic fungus with an extremely high crossover rate. Using auxotrophic markers we screened sexual progeny for compatibility to identify genes involved in this process, the so-called het genes. In total, 5/148 (3.4%) offspring were compatible with a parent and 166/2142 (7.7%) sibling pairs were compatible, consistent with several segregating incompatibility loci. Genetic mapping resulted in five loci, four of which could be fine mapped to individual genes, of which we tested three through heterologous expression, confirming their causal relationship. Surprisingly, a population-level analysis of two available independent datasets did not show an increase in Tajima's D near these loci, normally a hallmark of balancing selection. However, analysis of closely related species did show trans-species polymorphisms across >10 million years, and equal allele frequencies within A. fumigatus. Using available de novo assemblies, we show that these balanced polymorphisms are restricted to within several hundred base pairs flanking the coding sequence, potentially due to this species' high crossover rate. In addition to identifying the first het genes in an Aspergillus species, this work highlights the interaction of long-term balancing selection with a high recombination rate. Future mechanistic work on these het genes may provide novel routes for clinical therapies, as well as opportunities for strain improvement in biotechnology.


Exceptionally rich diagram of ten phases, I–X, has been revealed for ferroelectric 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane perchlorate, [C6H13N2]+ClO4–, dabcoHClO4. Pressure- and temperature-induced transformations of this NH+···N hydrogen bonded structure have been characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, calorimetric, and dielectric measurements. At high pressure the single crystals were in situ grown in a diamond-anvil cell at isochoric conditions. There are nine phases of dabcoHClO4 between 400 and 11 K at ambient pressure, whereas phase X is formed at 1.5 GPa and 296 K. Tetragonal phase I space group P4/mmm transforms to orthorhombic phases II (Pm21n), III (Pc21n), IV (Pc2a), and V (orthorhombic-modulated) on decreasing temperature. Phase II is stable up to 0.22 GPa, at 0.6 GPa phase III is formed, and above 1.50 GPa a new phase X (Pc21a) has been obtained. At normal conditions dabcoHClO4 is isostructural with the ferroelectric crystal of dabcoHBF4; however, their phase diagrams are very different. A...


The theory of Nagamiya for restricted rotation in solid methane is extended to all of the partially deuterated species and applied to the experimental heat‐capacity data of Colwell, Gill, and Morrison, which show anomalously high values in the range below 4°K. Agreement with these data is obtained for reasonable values of the energy parameters; also the total entropy of each anomaly is predicted.


In biomechanical assessments, minimizing errors and achieving accurate representations of human movements are the main goals of motion capture systems. Although 3D camera-based motion capturing systems are effective for accurate acquisition of motion, their performance is highly dependent on various parameters. This paper examines the how variations in independent technical parameters such as video camera sensor technology, system configuration, marker size and speed influence the accuracy of the kinematic measurements. A method was developed to systematically assess accuracy and precision of motion capture systems by measuring the mean absolute inter-marker distance errors and standard deviations respectively. A custommade dynamic measurement protocol was used to test the performance of three motion capture systems; two different Vicon motion capture systems and a low-cost motion capture system implemented in the Santiago de Cuba Hospital (SCH) using common video cameras. For the two Vicon labs, the individual effects and interactions between the parameters and the spatial measurements of the motion analysis systems were able to be determined. However, the Santiago lab was unable to accurately track small changes in the elements of the measurement system and therefore was not recommended for small human movements. Although the Santiago lab reported to be significantly less accurate than the two other labs, results showed that the mean absolute inter-marker distance error was minimized in the center of the capture volume. This information is essential in the implementation of this system as a clinical assessment tool and is a factor that should be considered for low accuracy systems.


In recent years,the quantity of articles have increased greatly.At the same time,source,quality and author groups also changed.In this paper,articles received from 2007-2008 in journal of agricultural of Hebei such as reception time,means of sending in and fund projects,etc were studied.The results showed that the source of articles in university journal come mainly from postgraduates.countermeasures were put forward based on the problems of articles.


A 21 year old male patient presented with bilateral lower and upper limb rashes, polyarthralgia, hematemesis, per rectal bleeding, abdominal pain, suggesting systemic vasculitis. He developed bilateral subconjunctival haemorrhage. His Vitamin C analysis was done using ELISA method and it revealed significantly low level of Vitamin C. Tissue biopsy was consistent with IgA vasculitis/Henoch-Schonlein purpura. Also, the cause of Henoch-Schonlein Purpura is unknown.
How to cite this article:Gupta S. Henoch-Schonlein Purpura in Young Adult Male - Is Vitamin C the Culprit?. J Adv Res Med 2019; 6(4): 13-15.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24321/2349.7181.201919


Objective To explore the correlation between the dietary and nutritional status of late pregnancy and the macrosomia .Methods Two hundred and ten pregnant women without severe complication were chosen, and were surveyed by the dietary and nutritional status of late pregnancy and the data from whose pregnancy outcome were collected .210 patients were divided into the low (n=12), normal (n=178) and high (n=20) birth weight groups according to the neonatal birth weight , and Logistic regression was used to analysis the risk factors.Results The gestational age and the level of proline were respectively (39.88 ±0.83) week, (195.00 ±13.35) μmol/L in the high birth weight groups, and were (27.50 ±18.63) week, (110.60 ± 80.81) μmol/L in the low birth weight groups , and were (38.82 ±1.28) week, (93.57 ±83.80) μmol/L in the normal birth weight groups , and the differences were statistically significant ( F =17.603, 5.693, respectively;P〈0.01).The Logistic regression analysis showed that the related factors on the occurrence of macrosomia were respectively gestational age , body mass index of late pregnancy and the level of proline ( OR=4.200,0.329,1.046, respectively).Conclusions The dietary and nutritional status of late pregnancy has effect on the occurrence of macrosomia , and we should carry out the health education to promote the health of maternal and children .

Key words:
Late pregnancy; Dietary and nutrition; Macrosomia; Correlation


In order to appreciate the present method of handling of mill water at the River Rouge Plant of the Ford Motor Co. let us delve into the past and see what manner of events built up the present system with its tremendous capacity for clean water at a temperature better suited for efficient condenser cooling and general service than had heretofore been the case. To explain why this is so requires that the old mill water system be briefly sketched. Along the southerly side of the Rouge Plant area runs the River Rouge, which winds in a general eastward direction to empty into the Detroit River. When the Ford Motor Co. first began establishing itself on its present site this was little more than a sluggish creek with a normal summer temperature of from 75° to 80°F. Subsequently the stream bed was dredged to a uniform depth of approximately 20 feet for the admittance of large boats from the Detroit River directly to the Rouge Plant. Inland at the edge of the plant a turning basin for shipping was provided; and, leading from this basin, and almost perpendicular to the stream's course, a boat slip was excavated. This slip is 250 feet wide by a half a mile in length. It is from the closed or upper end of this that water was drawn for plant and mill use. From the intake it passed through a tunnel to a screen house. The intake draft averaged 567,648,000 gallons every 24 hours. Of this total, 20 percent was for plant use and 80 percent was for the power house. The latter supply then passed through a tunnel 12.67 feet in diameter and approximately 5000 feet long. After passing through the condensers, the water traveled through an outlet tunnel or tail race, the mouth of which emptied into the Rouge stream a little below the turning basin. On the other hand, water from the steel mill, glass plant etc., following its use for cooling


HOEST, H. (1960), ''The Value of Periodic Mass Chest Roentgenographic Surveys In the Detection of Primary Bronchial Carcinoma In Norway", Cancer, 13: 1167. LEVIN, M. L. (1955), "Screening for Asymptomatic Disease", J. chron; Di8., 2: 367. LINDIG, W. (1958), "Die Bedeutung des Volksrontgenkatasters filr die Aufdeskung des unbekannten Bronehialkarzinoms", Z. Tuberk., 111: 129. McCLUNG, J. P. (1967)1 "Previous Pulmonary Infection In Lung Cancer. A Review', J. ehron. Dis., 20: 65. McNULTY, J. M. (1954), "Clinical Follow-up Study of 398 Patients Suspected of Having Lung Cancer Discovered In the Boston Chest X-ray Survey", New Engl. J. Med., 250: 14. POSNER, E., McDoWELL, L. A., and CROSS, K. W. (1963), "Place of Mass Radiography In Relation to Lung Cancer in Men", Brit. med. J., 2: 1156. PYG01:T, F. (1958), "The Place of Mass Miniature Radiography in the Prevention and Detection of the Disease", Brit. J. clin. Pract., 12: 489.


The Photovoltaics for Utility Scale Applications (PVUSA) Project is a national, cooperative research, development and demonstration program designed to promote utility-scale use of photovoltaics. Five 20-kilowatt-peak (nominal) emerging technologies, as well as several other photovoltaic systems, are being demonstrated at a site near Davis, California and one emerging technology system is being demonstrated at Kihei, Maui, Hawaii. The PVUSA-Hawaii Satellite Project was the first satellite system in the US. This paper describes the design, installation, operation and testing, maintenance, performance, and costs of the PVUSA-Hawaii Satellite Project. This system is compared to a similar system in Davis, and conclusions and recommendations based on more than five years of operation are presented.


Bactrocera carambolae Drew & Hancock and B. papayae Drew & Hancock (Diptera: Tephritidae), two closely related sibling species in the B. dorsalis (Hendel) complex were shown to have different rates of sexual maturity. The response of B. carambolae males to methyl eugenol was observed to begin 10 days after emergence and increased with age. The attractancy peaked at 28 days after emergence and above. The males were also found to require a higher dosage of methyl eugenol (1 mg) for optimal response. These results are in contrast with those of B. papayae reported previously. The response to methyl eugenol was also observed to correspond with the age when first mating was performed.


In the article author considers structure models of Bathonian regional reservoir at Nadym-Pur oil-and-gas bearing area, rectifies thicknesses of sandstones, reservoirs and cumulative thicknesses of layers U 2, U 3 and U 4. Also it is estimated quality of the seal in the article.


Since the ancient times people have paid attention to the educational function of music which is regarded as an art with emotion.Its function of moral education includes:1.being helpful to mould aesthetic main-body;2.helping students establish correct view of virtue;3.helping students build correct life outlook and values;4.being helpful to refine noble patriotic sentiment;5.being helpful to make good relation and promote communication.


The cascade is initiated chair for transporting people up and down the stairs and above ground line. The cascade chair comprises a glide track assembly to support the cascade chair for movement on the main frame and the flight stairs. Glide track assembly is pivotally connected to the main frame for pivotal movement between an open position and a closed position. Sliding track assembly has at least one endless glide track. Cascade chair is also provided with an adjustable glide track resistance and braking device that is configured to engage the endless glide tracks and infinitely adjust the rolling resistance needed to be applied to the endless glide tracks and set. Cascade chair, adjustable glide track resistance and braking system, a line of stairs


Geomorphology is the science of studying landforms, landscapes, and their related processes, including the description, materials, classification, origin, evolution, and history of earth/planetary surfaces. Geographic information system (GIS) is a computer-based system used for collection, maintenance, storage, retrieval, analysis, and distribution of geographic data and information. A closely related technique to GIS is remote sensing (RS), the noncontact recording of electromagnetic spectrum of earth/planetary surfaces based on satellite-, aircraft-, or ground-based sensors to measure, detect, and classify ground objects. GIS and remote sensing have been integrated in many geomorphological studies to quantify surface processes and landforms. GIS/RS has been strongly linked with the methodology and concepts in geomorphology since its initial development. With the continual development of GIS and RS techniques, GIS/RS has been widely used to classify landform and landscape units, extract specific landform features, quantify process-landform relationships, and detect geomorphic changes. In particular, the combination of GIS/RS with digital elevation models (DEMs) has become one of the most common approaches for geomorphological research, especially with the early-21st-century progress in using LiDAR (light detection and ranging) and UAS (unmanned aircraft systems) to obtain high-resolution DEMs. A new discipline, geomorphometry, have been developed to quantify landforms and topography at various spatial scales on the basis of mathematical, statistical, and image-processing techniques. This article first includes a section focusing on the use of GIS/RS in general landform and landscape classification and then categorizes literature into a variety of subfields of geomorphology in which GIS/RS has been applied to solve geomorphological issues. These subfields include Glacial Geomorphology, Watershed and Fluvial Geomorphology, Hillslope Processes and Landslides, Coastal Geomorphology, Karst Geomorphology, Aeolian Geomorphology, and Tectonic Geomorphology. Some subfields, such as volcanic geomorphology and planetary geomorphology, are not included, but the methods and principles summarized in this article can be applied to these subfields.


The utility model relates to a shaft valve flow-distributed cycloid hydraulic motor, which belongs to the technical field of hydraulic transmission detection. The hydraulic motor comprises a front cover and a body shell which are fixedly connected with each other, and a cycloid pinwheel pair consisting of a stator and a rotor, wherein one end of the cycloid pinwheel pair is fixedly connected with the body shell through a baffle disk and the other end of the cycloid pinwheel pair is fixedly connected with a rear cover; an output shaft the outer end of which extends out is mounted in the body shell; and the output shaft is in transmission connection with the rotor through a linkage shaft. The hydraulic motor is improved in a way that the inner holes of the body shell are through holes with the same inner diameter; a front needle bearing and a rear needle bearing which have the same outer diameter are respectively mounted at the front part and the rear end of the output shaft; the length of the front needle bearing is larger than that of the rear needle bearing; and a shaft shoulder of the output shaft, which corresponds to the front end of the front needle bearing push against a rear retaining ring of a plane thrust bearing. On the premise of the compact structure, the radial carrying capacity of the hydraulic motor is improved; and meanwhile, the axial carrying capacity of the hydraulic motor is also enhanced. Thus, the hydraulic motor is good in processing and assembling manufacturability.


Abstract A plausible mechanism has been proposed for the exclusive formation of symmetrical dienediol such as 1,6-bis(acetoxy)-2,4-diene in palladium(II)-promoted [3,3]sigmatropic rearrangement of 3,4-bis(acetoxy)-1,5-diene system. This mechanism referred to as migration-induced intramolecular dioxanium ion switching (MIDIS) process can reasonably explain why the vicinal acetoxy groups move from 3,4-position not to 5,6- but two-directionally to 1,6-position.


The assessment of physical development of the children attending the pre-school educational establishments has been performed in the town of Angarsk. Different declination forms in development were found to be in 30 % of the children studied. Deficiency signs and redundant body mass were observed to be in 7 % and 20 % of'the preschoolchildren. Some medical-biological risk factors of physical development disturbances have been revealed in the pre-schoolchildren studied. Statistically significant associations have been found between the child health status from birth and the presence of physical developments disturbances in the children under school age as well as between the integral health characteristics (a health group) and harmonious development.


In a recent survey article, Goldberg (1954) gives a list of 127 molecular bands which have been observed in the absorption spectrum of the earth's atmosphere by studying the solar spectrum between 0.3 and 24μ. Among these, 35 bands are attributed to the following molecules: O3, N2O, CH4, HDO, CO. The main purpose of this contribution to the Discussion was to show several of these bands as they appear on solar spectrograms taken at the International Scientific Station, Jungfraujoch (Switzerland), in collaboration with Dr L. Neven of the Royal Observatory, Uccle (Belgium). The altitude of this station is 3580 m. It has been pointed out in earlier notes (Migeotte & Neven 1952 a, b) that these data have been obtained, under high resolving power, by using the prism-grating infra-red spectrograph of the University of Liege (Migeotte 1945). Between 9.33 and 10.08 μ, our spectrograms show 320 lines which are mainly due to the fine structure of the 9.6 μ band of ozone (Migeotte, Neven & Vigroux 1952). Part of our data has been analyzed recently by Kaplan (1955), of the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton (N. J.), U. S. A. A good fit for low J has been obtained with the following upper-state parameters: vibrational frequency v3 1042.16 cm-1; rotational constants: A = 3.5021cm-1, B = 0.4401cm-1, C = 0.3883Cm-1; δ = 0.016634.


ABSTRACT Delivery of food and drug molecules is a challenging field of research with growing interests. Due to concerns on solubility, stability, and bioavailability, numerous techniques have been explored to identify effective and sustainable approaches. The large surface area and wide blood supply made the lungs a prominent route for the delivery of therapeutic molecules. Several drug molecules have been effectively delivered through the pulmonary route, and this review focuses on the pulmonary delivery of food-derived therapeutic molecules through aerosols. Various methods have been used to fabricate aerosols; their mechanism of deposition and absorption in the lungs involves intricacies in terms of a range of factors including their physical and aerodynamic properties, apart from the conditions of the body. This review attempts to elaborate on these aspects, apart from providing a status report on the current scenario of delivering therapeutic molecules through the pulmonary route. Importantly, highlighting regulatory aspects, challenges associated with the delivery of food-derived molecules such as aerosols are presented, giving lead for directions for future research. Graphical abstract


An extensive parametric investigation was performed of the extraction of energy in output gaps of klystron amplifiers, using 3-D computer programs. Due to complexity of the program which used a hydrodynamic, axially and radially deformable disk ring model and the resulting long computing time, the investigation was limited to the output gap, by far the most important and difficult part of the klystron interaction. Results show that, for a confined flow focused beam throughout the penultimate cavity, radial velocities remain very small and the beam is highly laminar. It was, therefore, concluded that possible errors resulting from treating only the output cavity in 3-D would remain small.


Subsiding in the world of technical savvy where machine learning, is at leisure. As the inclination has been externalized towards finance in terms of use cases such as the travel industry unceasingly by attainable machine learning tools and computing ability. It faces some data challenges in finance, this research paper includes machine learning solutions that have been implemented to handle unstructured data such as image or text data, and forum charts of investment that might come under new data types, to detect heterogeneity, and other noisy data in finance. To transpire where Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence enter the picture: via studying voluminous data, Automated tourism platforms could provide highly customized recommendations to tourists. Machine learning is widely used to track down fraudulent transactions. To monopolize the current financial status of clients Robot advisors are worked based on algorithms and do not presuppose human intervention. Various processes have been automated in finance in the form of chatbots, face recognition, penalization, and engines. To analyze the payment system that might help clients to heighten their financial status this paper includes the translation of Robot-advisors analysis into observation in finance that includes segmentation and targeting, customer attribution, recommendation systems, and integrated marketing modeling. Thus, strengthening these tools for advertising strategy in finance companies.


Political grievances accumulated in the course of protracted civil wars constitutive major challenges for democratic decentralization in various postconflict countries in Africa. However these types of problems have not been thoroughly accounted for in the political sciences literature. In Mozambique, the persistent attempts by the Mozambican main opposition party, Renamo, to officially inscribe in the country's landscape their own version of the post-independence civil war (1976-1992) offers an interesting context 'to espy alternatives' in relation to the effects of civil wars in the constitution of new democratic practices and institutions. The overall analyses demonstrate how grievances over memories of violence can paradoxically hamper and reinforce political pluralism and democratic decentralization in Mozambique.


One of the dominant figures from Princeton Theological Seminary of the late nineteenth century was William Henry Green (1825–1900), Helena Professor of Oriental and Old Testament Literature. 1 His many writings on the Pentateuch, 2 Hebrew grammar, 3 and other topics 4 readily attest to his scholarly acumen and the profound degree to which he had internalized the primary and secondary literature. Green's reputation, however, was largely built around his defense of Princeton's doctrine of Scripture in the context of shifting views in the world of OT scholarship in the latter half of the nineteenth century.


The thesis focuses on British horror cinema of the 1960s and 1970s. This was a lively period in British horror history which produced over two hundred films, but it has often been taken for granted in critical work on both British horror and British national cinema, with most of the films concerned left underexplored or ignored entirely. In part, this reflects a widespread critical belief that British horror was safer, less socially questioning and generally less interesting than American horror from the same period. The thesis addresses the question of how British horror developed throughout the 1960s and 1970s. It identifies key cycles and clusters of production and significant innovations within British horror as the genre sought to engage with and remain relevant in relation to changing social attitudes. In particular, it focuses on representations of gender, the family and inter-generational conflict, as well as exploring the post-colonial context of British horror in this period. It also considers the relation between British horror's development and broader changes in international, and especially American, horror history. British horror emerges as an area of culture that connects with, and in some cases anticipates, key developments in international horror. In this manner, the importance of British horror of the 1960s and 1970s is established. This is achieved through detailed analysis of a wide range of films, coupled with a contextualisation of those films in terms of the industrial, socio-historical and generic circumstances of their production.


The increase in the number of investors until 2021 reached 201.5% compared to 2019. The increase was dominated by students and college students. The number of investors who increased drastically remains small, compared to the total population of Indonesian society. The subject of this study are undergraduate students at IPB University. This study aims to analyze the factors that influence the interest in investing during Covid-19 pandemic through undergraduate students at IPB University. The factors being studied were investment knowledge, investment motivation, and technological progress. The samples used in this study were 100 college students, for sampling each faculty using the Quota Sampling method. The analysis method used in this study were descriptive analysis and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM)-PLS. The result of analysis show that the investment knowledge factor did not affect significantly, while investment motivation and technological progress had a positive and significant effect on the investment interest of undergraduate students at GL University during the Covid-19 Pandemic. The results that investment knowledge does not have a significant effect on investment interest need to be considered so that it does not produce a negative impact. The research will be immensely useful to different stakeholders such as government, policymakers, financial advisors, and investors in making their strategic or operational decisions.


Solid polymer electrolytes comprising a blend of poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and poly (vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) with different concentration of potassium hydroxide (KOH) as ionic dopant were prepared using a solution–casting technique. The conductivity was enhanced to (1.5 ± 1.1) × 10-4S cm-1 when 40 wt.% KOH was added. The highest conductivity exhibited when 20 wt.% ethylene carbonate (EC) and 30 wt.% propylene carbonate (PC) was added into the PVA/PVP–KOH sample electrolytes. Conductivity–temperature dependence of the plasticized samples was established to obey an Arrhenian relationship with the activation energy of the order of 0.08–0.4 eV, depending on the plasticizer concentration. Electrochemical cells of Zn|PVA/PVP–KOH + EC|MnO2 and Zn|PVA/PVP–KOH + PC|MnO2 have been fabricated. The discharge characteristics of the cells are considered under a constant current of 1 mA. The open circuit voltage (OCV) and discharge capacity of the cells are measured.


It is well known that under extreme conditions of hadronic density and/or temperature the hadronic system would split into its fundamental constituents, quarks and gluons, such that the bulk properties of the hadronic system would be governed by these degrees of freedom (Shuryak, 1973). Such a (locally) thermally equilibrated state of matter in which quarks and gluons are deconfined from hadrons, so that color degrees of freedom become manifest over inter nuclear distances rather than just intra nucleonic distances, is called Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP) (Satz, 1978). The phase transition (Csernai et al., 2003; Mustafaet al., 1998; Ramanathanet al., 2007; Shukla and Mohanty, 2001) might be anticipated during Ultra Relativistic Heavy Ions Collisions (URHIC). So ongoing experiments related to URHIC at RHIC and LHC are much more concerned for the new state.


Narrow-band UVB lamps with emissions at 311 nm have been developed recently for UVB phototherapy of psoriasis. These new lamps are more effective than


7. Meade T, Cumming S, Hallab L, Spencer D, Howe G, Manolios N. A preliminary investigation of cognitive function in rheumatoid arthritis patients on long-term methotrexate treatment. J Health Psychol 2013; 18: 1353-9. 8. Delcasso B, Goujon C, Hacard F, et al. Tolerance of methotrexate in a daily practice cohort of adults with atopic dermatitis. Eur J Dermatol 2018; 28: 266-7. 9. Bologna C, Viu P, Jorgensen C, Sany J. Effect of age on the efficacy and tolerance of methotrexate in rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology 1996; 35: 453-7.


Reported is a set of the dynamic strain changes of a seven-wire strand imbedded in a pretensioned concrete bar during flame-cutting and hydraulic-jacking procedures. To measure the dynamic response of the wires properly, the data was read 10,000 times per a second. In the case of the flame-cutting procedure, all the wires did not experience the same strain change during the procedure. The detensioning was completed with multiple sharp drops of the strain for few seconds. In the case of the hydraulic-jacking procedure, all the wires experienced almost the same smooth strain changes, although the detensioning was completed even faster than the flame-cutting procedure.


The paper discusses creation of a digital twin (DT) of plant for an intelligent cyber-physical system for managing precision farming. A new approach to formalization of DT knowledge is proposed to form expert knowledge within the subject area based on the ontological specification of stages of plant growth and development and multi-agent technology for creating stage agents and coordinated dynamic recalculation of stage duration and yield forecast based on events in the environment. The paper proposes a method for calculating the forecast for duration of plant development stages and yield based on expert knowledge. A "tube" model of the range of changes in parameters of plant development for each stage has been developed. The paper also introduces a method for calculating the yield forecast, as well as the dates of beginning and end for each plant development stage within the "tube" during their normal development and in case of critical situations, for example, frost or drought. Ontology of plant development is constructed for implementation of the "tube" model of environmental parameters, which is converted into a digital form within the ontology editor, available for use by agents. The paper describes the structure and functions of a smart plant DT, built on the basis of a knowledge base and a module for multi-agent planning of plant development stages (for example, wheat), integrated with external weather forecast and fact services. A brief description of the created prototype of the intelligent plant DT system in Java is given. Using the system, agronomists can create their own knowledge bases and DTs of the cultivated plants for each field or even field section. The system will be useful in modern crop production for precision farming, not only "place-wise" but also "time-wise", i.e. in terms of the best time for performing agrotechnical operations.


Aluminum fine particles of free surfaces were made by the evaporation method in helium gas to investigate the relation between the superconducting transition temperature Tc of the fine particle and its size. The fine particles were collected without exposure to the air to obtain clean surfaces, however, this process introduced some undesirable weak contacts among the particles. The size distribution was determined by means of electron micrographs, and the average diameter d̄ ranged from 90 to 160 Å. The superconducting transition temperature Tc was determined from the change of diamagnetic susceptibility with temperature. The present experiment shows that Tc rises with a decrease in d̄, and becomes about 1.8 K for d̄ of 90 Å, considerably higher than that of bulk aluminum 1.16 K.


Modelling and understanding the motion of water filled floating objects is important for a wide range of applications including the behaviour of ships and floating platforms. Previous studies either investigated only small movements or applied a very specific (ship) geometry. The presented experiments are conducted using the simplified geometry of an open topped hollow cylinder ballasted to different displacements. Regular waves are used to excite the floating structure, which exhibits rotation angles of over 20 degrees and a heave motion double that of the wave amplitude. Four different drafts are investigated, each with two different ballast options: with (water) and without (solid) a free surface. The comparison shows a small difference in the body's three translational motions as well as the rotation around the normal axis to the water surface. Significant differences are observed in the rotation about the wave direction comparable to parametric rolling as seen in ships. The three bigger drafts with free surface switch the dominant global rotation direction from pitch to roll, which can clearly be attributed to the sloshing of the internal water. The presented study provides a new dataset and comparison of varying ballast types on device motions, which may be used for future validation experiments.


Preface to the proceedings of the 1st HCI and Digital Health Forum: Technologies and Business Opportunities between China and UK: Workshop at British HCI 2016, held at Bournemouth University on 12th July 2016


Various metrological aspects for the correct measurements of electrical energy that is consumed by energy-saving (mainly LED) single phase loads are discussed in this paper. One of the most important problems presented here concerns the question of how strong distortions of the current waveform, introduced by typical LED lighting, affects the operation of electronic energy meters. Measurement results for the energy consumption of different LED lamps used in households in various conditions, alongside comparative results that were obtained by electronic and electromechanical energy meters, were also offered and the appropriate conclusions were then drawn.


Based on actual references from international well-known surgical colleagues with large experience, this article summarises the clinical and surgical strategy when treating thoracic outlet syndrome.


Quantum chemical viz. ab initio or semi-empirical based simulation studies are now prevailing among workers / scientists pursuing their studies in theoretical chemistry. These studies provide better insight for the compounds so far as the studies of their structural orother parameters are concern. Studies involving the packages developed on the basis of ab-initio or semi-empirical methods are proven to be more effective and as a better tool because of number of their advantages. The present communication includes the studies on synthesis or procurement along with the simulation of spectra viz. I.R. of some heterocyclic organic compounds.


Background and Purpose Does the brain become more resilient after a first stroke to reduce the consequences of a new lesion? Although recurrent strokes are a major clinical issue, whether and how the brain prepares for a second attack is unknown. This is due to the difficulties to obtain an appropriate dataset of stroke patients with comparable lesions, imaged at the same interval after onset. Furthermore, timing of the recurrent event remains unpredictable. Methods Here we used a novel clinical lesion simulation approach to test the hypothesis that resilience in brain networks increases during stroke recovery. 16 patients with a lesion restricted to the primary motor cortex were recruited. At 3 time points of the index event (10 days, 3 weeks, 3 months), we mimicked recurrent infarcts by deletion of nodes in brain networks (resting-state fMRI). Graph measures were applied to determine resilience (global efficiency) and wiring cost (mean degree) of the network. Results At 10 days and 3 weeks after stroke, resilience was similar in patients and controls. However, at 3 months, while motor function had fully recovered, resilience to clinically representative simulated lesions was higher compared to controls (cortical lesion p=0.012; subcortical: p=0.009; cortico-subcortical: p=0.009). Similar results were found after random (p=0.012) and targeted (p=0.015) attacks. Conclusion Our results suggest that, after a lesion, brain networks reconfigure to increase resilience to future insults. Lesion simulation is an innovative approach, which may have major implications for stroke therapy. Individualized neuromodulation strategies could be developed to foster resilient network reconfigurations after a first stroke to limit the consequences of future attacks.


The big problem with current technology for converting solar energy into electricity is scale, or rather the lack of it. The classical semiconductor devices produced by the industry are expensive, complex and require exacting standards of manufacture, all of which make producing them in the large area sizes that would be truly useful extremely difficult. In order to generate significant amounts of electricity, hundreds of square kilometres of cells need to be produced every year, and this demands photovoltaic materials that are readily available, can be applied to very large area arrays and are tolerant to the presence of impurities or manufacturing defects. Enter toothpaste, or rather titanium dioxide, its white ceramic pigment. Generating environmentally-friendly electricity directly from sunlight using solar cells is currently the basis of a world-wide industry growing at around 20% per year. In 1999 the total area of solar panels shipped was about two square kilometres. This area can generate around 200MW of electricity – about the output of a small power station. Most of these solar panels are based on connecting many individual crystalline silicon solar cells together, and the cost of the silicon and the complexity of their assembly makes them expensive. The search for cheaper technology has led to an alternative approach in which a carrier (usually glass, stainless steel or a polymer) is coated with an extremely thin layer of photovoltaic material (such as amorphous silicon or cadmium telluride), but this is also a classical semiconductor device and impurities or crystallographic defects can destroy its working properties. The solar power industry has to develop solar panel technologies that are capable of being scaled up to levels comparable with, or even greater than, the hundreds of square kilometres shipped each year by today's coated glass or photographic film industries. This is a very tall order – we know of no other application that currently depends upon the manufacture of 'smart' materials on this scale. Fortunately, there is a way forward. In November 1991 two scientists, based at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne, published an article in Nature in which they described a 'dye sensitised' nanocrystalline ceramic photovoltaic cell based on titanium dioxide. It had a light-to-electricity conversion efficiency of around 12%, a level of performance that, combined with the intrinsically low costs of such systems, represented a remarkable breakthrough and led to an explosion of interest in the field. The concept of generating electricity from dye sensitised metal oxides was actively considered from the early 1970s, with a number of workers investigating principally ZnO-based ceramics sensitised by chlorophyll and other organic dyes. However, such systems generally resulted in low conversion efficiencies because the flat dye coated surfaces didn't have enough cross section to interact with more than a small amount of the incident light – incoming light energy effectively encountered a bottleneck. The dyes also degraded rapidly when illuminated. What the Swiss researchers did was to replace flat oxide films with a 'nanocrystalline' form of titanium oxide to give a material with an extremely high surface area (60-100 square metres per gram). They then coated this with a new dye that was well matched to the oxide and did not degrade so much. The principle of dye sensitisation forms the basis of colour photography. The essential concept is that a semiconducting material can be made to absorb light outside its normal range of photoresponse by coating it with an optically absorbing organic dye. If the energy levels of the dye and semiconductor are appropriately matched then a dye molecule excited by light can transfer an electron 1


This study presents a synthesis of empirical research reporting on learners' perceptions about the effectiveness of CMC in EFL/ESL writing classes. Conducting a multi-stage systematic review, we analyzed 52 scholarly research articles published between 2000 and 2016. Our findings indicate that while learners perceive linguistic benefits from interacting with different interlocutors in mainly blog- and wiki-mediated writing activities, they also report challenges with respect to task demands and the quality of feedback. Learners perceive CMC-integrated writing to be authentic and interactive, thereby developing their motivation, autonomy, and identity as writers. Finally, the implications of this review and the directions for future research in the domain of CMC and EFL/ESL writing are discussed.


Angeles. Through a multi-sited ethnographic study, his research examines the use of commercial platforms and services in Danish public education. Her research interests include restorative justice, equity, culturally relevant pedagogy, social justice in and school climate and ABSTRACT This chapter provides an overview of the importance of cultural competence and how it is developed in some careers by higher education institutions. Included in the discussion is a brief overview of some research and strategies used when attempting to develop cultural competence.


The purpose of this study is to explore the development of a method to derive continuous estimates of an index of intracranial compliance from recordings of intracranial pressure (ICP). The proposed index, percent change of compliance per mmHg of ICP (%CC/mmHg), is based on two assumptions: (1) the pressure-volume characteristic of the craniospinal sac can be linearized for small perturbations about an equilibrium; and (2) during a brief interval in which these perturbations occur the pathophysiologic state of the craniospinal sac does not significantly change. Values of %CC/mmHg were derived from laboratory recordings of ICP obtained from four bovine preparations and found to be strongly inversely correlated with ICP with all r-values greater than 0.97. To date three clinical cases also demonstrate the same inverse relationship between %CC/mmHg and ICP. This index may be of value as an independent check on the D.C. drift of the transducer and in patient management during long term monitoring.


A (p, q) graph G is said to be a square sum graph if there exist a bijection f: V(G)→{0,1,2,….p-1} such that the induced function f * :E(G) → N given by f * (u v) =[f * (u)] 2 +[f * (v)] 2 for every uv ∈ E(G) are all distinct. In this paper the square sum labeling of total graph of path Pn, cycle Cn and middle graph of path Pn , cycle Cn are discussed.


Case report Polymorphic chromosomal regions were idenA 30-year-old woman with a previous history of tified by G, c and Q banding. For classification two first trimester spontaneous abortions and no by banding, the were photographed and other pregnancies presented with 16 weeks prints made at four different levels of exposure. amenorrhoea but a uterine size to 26 Decisions made on examination of all four prints weeks gestation. serum human &orionic allowed greater confidence in classification.


Although a great deal of work has been done on the virulence of different microorganisms, there are at present, a variety of opinions concerning the possibility of enhancing it either by passage in vitro or through animals. There is no doubt that some workers have conclusively demonstrated the ability to increase virulence by animal passage, but the accomplishment of this phenomenon by rapid cultivation in vitro may still be questioned. Regardless of the fact that this paper has little to do with virulence in relation to animal passage, it seems only necessary that a brief resume be given of what has been done along this line. In order to approach an orderly arrangement, the literature has been divided into two main groups : that concerned with increase and decrease in virulence by animal passage; and that concerned with increase and decrease in virulence by passage in vitro.


We demonstrate reconfigurable all-optical header recognition and routing of a 2.5-Gbit/s packet stream using time-to-wavelength mapping with a fiber Bragg grating array correlation decoding. We achieve penalty-free routing using a 1.6-ns guard time. This technique would be useful to enable high-speed all-optical packet switching nodes.


In order to shorten the test period of spaceflight articles at the launch site and improve facility utilization and launch rate, the paper proposes our research about test process model and optimization framework. The approach overlays test activity on activity-on-arrow for network schedule. The test process model is composed of the test network schedule. Based on the relativity of test items and input driving as well as output response, the test process optimization framework is formed. The test critical paths are dismantled and shortened as much as possible to shorten the entire test period. Through practice, our achievement effectively improves the test efficiency of flight articles at the launch site. It lays the foundation for constructing the integrated test system. Keywords—aerospace test; network scheduling; test process model; critical path; optimization framework


The long awaited AAAM Injury Impairment Scale (IIS) has been applied to the UK Co- operative Crash Injury Study field data. A total of 29,946 injuries, collected over a ten year period (1983-1992) were re-coded from the Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) 85 version to AIS 90 to allow easy allocation of the IIS. The difficulties associated with re-coding and the compatibility between scales are described. Priorities of injury mitigation based on IIS are compared with those from AIS. The data concerning injured restrained front seat occupants is examined to establish the most frequent cause of both impairing the life-threatening injuries to each body region in different impact configurations. Language: en


This course of Intensive First Year Arabic is designed for students with no previous knowledge, or very limited knowledge, of the Arabic language. Through the communicative approach and audio/visual material, students learn the sounds, writing system, and basic grammar of Modern Standard Arabic, the form of literary Arabic shared by all Arab countries. Emphasis is placed on the simultaneous development of all the four skills necessary for acquiring any language (listening, speaking, reading and writing). Various aspects of modern Arabic culture and society will provide contexts for the language learning process.


The distribution and biology of the new invader into the Caspian Sea—the carnivorous ctenophore Mnemiopsis —were studied. Data on the mnemiopsis dispersion in the North, Middle, and South Caspian Sea; it's abundance; biomass; and seasonal dynamics in 2000 are presented for the first time. In July, mnemiopsis was widely spread in the Middle Caspian and the northern part of the South Caspian Sea, while no ctenophore was found in the North Caspian Sea. In the North Caspian it was first found in September. In October, in the North Caspian Sea, the mnemiopsis habitat expanded, the biomass increased 3.5 times, and, at some places, its abundance reached 170 ind./m 2 . The northward penetration was limited by the 4‰ isohaline. Preliminary data on the dependence of the wet weight on body length, metabolic activity, and dry substance content were obtained. A comparative analysis of the species composition, abundance, and biomass of the North Caspian zooplankton in July and October is presented. A decrease in the zooplankton abundance (5.3 times) and biomass (6 times) was recorded in October in comparison to July; the decrease of the Copepoda abundance was the most considerable.


of food supplies; health education; infant and maternal welfare; occupational disease; housing and health; sanitation; and so on. On September 3, 1943, the Honourable T. Playford, Premier of South Australla, in a broadcast address referred to the need for the adequate provision of modern health services for the people. He described as one of the first and most urgent.ly needed works the establishment of a large modern infirmary on the outskirts of the metropolitan area. This, he said, would relieve the strain on the Royal Adelaide Hospital and would also provide a home for elderly people requiring institutional care. This was only one of the matters referred to by the Premier. That the new institution has not been provided is not the fault of the Advisory Committee. In all probability the new Council will not be able to do anything about it, because it can only advise on matters referred to it. At this stage we should refer to an investigation undertaken by a committee appointed by the South Australian Parliament in 1946 to inquire into and report upon the advisability of consolidating the health services of the State into a single department under a Minister of Health. The work of this committee was described in these columns on February 15, 1947. The committee, which included members of the South Australian Branch of the British Medical Association, did in fact recommend that a Department of Health and Medical Services should be established and should be under the control of the Minister of Health. It also recommended that a Commission of Health and Medical Services should be appointed to control and administer the department and be responsible to the Minister. The chairman of the Commission was to be the Director-General of Health and Medical Services. The Government departments and statutory bodies (and there were quite a number of them) which were to be administered by the Commission were set out. It was thought that the Department of Health and Medical Services should comprise several divisions-Public Health, Hospitals, School Health, Tuberculosis, Mental Health, Maternal and Child Health, and Dental Health. We pointed out in 1947 that these proposals were in accordance with modern thought and that they left little, if anything, to be desired. We also stated that if the proposals were adopted everything would depend on the man chosen to be head of the Commission of Health and Medical Services. The new Advisory Council is an advance on the Advisory Committee because, as already pointed out, it is a statutory body. The chief disadvantage under which it will do its work is that it can be concerned only with matters referred to it-this may be modified in practice, but the Act mentions only matters referred by the Minister. The South Australian Branch of the British Medical Association has a nominee <In the Advisory Council in the person of Dr. L. Mallen, who will act as a representative of the medical profession. Those in the permanent employ of governments cannot do a great dealjIn the advocacy of reforms. It will rest largely with the. South. Australian Branch to watch the progress of the new body and, if necessary, to press for the changes envisaged by the committee appointed by Parliament in 1946. But always should it be remembered that it would be much better to continue with the present set-up than to have an incompetent or a mediocre man !It the head of one large department. <[uttent <ltomment.


In this contribution we report measurements and interpretations of aeolian abrasion features observed along the Mars Science Laboratory rover traverse at Gale Crater on Mars. Aeolian abrasion of surface rocks has been documented by most missions that have landed on Mars, but attention has largely focused on relatively resistant rocks that display ventifact morphologies well‐known from Earth. The current study instead emphasizes abrasion features developed on mudstone surfaces, because aeolian abrasion textures are very common in the mudstone‐dominated Murray Formation at Gale Crater. These abrasion textures have been observed over a wide area, and they allow deductions about dominant past wind regimes that differ from those observed at present. On Earth, aeolian abrasion features in mudstone outcrops have minimal preservation potential because of the susceptibility of mudstones to moisture and aqueous erosion, even in dominantly arid surface environments. Because of this there is no literature on potential terrestrial analogs. In order to better understand aeolian abrasion morphologies in mudstones on Mars, laboratory experiments were conducted that exposed a range of mudstone samples and rock simulant samples to wind‐driven sand for periods of up to four months. These experiments produced a range of aeolian abrasion textures ('wind tails', fluting, differential 'etching' of laminae, stalks and pedestals) that can serve as analogs for features in the Murray Formation, increasing our confidence regarding aeolian origins for these and the deductions of formative, sand‐driving wind azimuths. Orientations of aeolian abrasion textures along the Mars Science Laboratory traverse were compared with active ripple orientations in rover images, and with previous analyses of orbital images of the study area, in order to evaluate whether the current, complex wind environment can explain the abrasion orientations observed in rover images, or if the abrasion record might also contain signatures of past wind regimes that differed from those of the present. Results show relatively coherent patterns of airflow and sand movement that vary in accordance with factors like local topography and upwind availability of sand for abrasion. Wind events blowing southwest that are primarily responsible for southwest migration of the Bagnold Dunes have also caused bedrock abrasion of similar orientation between these dunes. Less effective wind events (from an abrasion standpoint) blowing south‐southeast have broadly affected bedrock exposures elsewhere across the Mars Science Laboratory landing site away from the Bagnold Dunes. A notable exception are northeast abrasion textures on the more erosion‐resistant sandstones of the Naukluft Plateau. The latter are consistent with one of two abrasion directions measured in previous studies, prior to the rover's arrival at the Murray Formation mudstones, and probably reflect the preservation of an ancient sand‐driving wind regime that differs from that of the present.


The spread of scientific knowledge was most marked in recent decades with the advent of distance education. It was possible because advances like the Internet and the development of Learning Management Systems (LMS) were improved increasingly. However, the large amount of information available is not sufficient to ensure the development of future learners in technical disciplines, such as Computer Science and Engineering disciplines. High dropout rates and failure in this type of course are common in Brazilian Universities and few initiatives are taken to improve the situation. Nevertheless, the labor market demands of its workers technological training, especially in informatics. By coordinating a work group to develop the project "Integrated Student" for two consecutive years at the Federal University of Espirito Santo (UFES), we proposed innovative teaching strategies used both for the development of the course participants and for the tutor's academic lives. Under a constructivist look on Piaget's view it was found that we need to enhance one main ability of students, teachers and tutors of technological courses: mediation. The methodology used was the basis for the creation of a model of distance learning courses in technical areas, to be started in the coming years. We approach, particularly, in the progress made in the preparation of tutors, students of Computer Science and Engineering, which, in most cases, decided to continue their academic lives with the completion of a Master in Information Technology area or even start his career as teachers.


The MacPhaidin Library encourages requests for books, media, and other materials that support the teaching and research of our students, faculty, and staff. If you would like to request that the Library purchase materials, please use one of the forms avai


9534 Background: Mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 account for the majority of hereditary breast/ovarian cancer (HBOC) and half of hereditary breast cancer (HBC). Sequence analysis, however, is known to be incompletely sensitive for detecting BRCA mutations associated with HBOC/HBC. Because of this, many centers recommend consideration of ovarian cancer risk-reduction strategies in BRCA-negative individuals with a strong family history of breast cancer. Limited data is available regarding the actual risk of ovarian cancer in these individuals.

METHODS
Pedigrees from all women who underwent BRCA mutation testing at the Clinical Genetics Service at MSKCC from 8/1/96 through 7/31/02 and consented to prospective follow-up were reviewed. 285 individuals who 1) had no deleterious BRCA mutation on either founder mutation testing or full sequencing; and 2) whose family history included ≥ 3 breast cancers in a single lineage with one being diagnosed at ≤50 were identified and sent a structured questionnaire asking about occurrence of new cancer. Number of cancers expected was calculated from the SEER database for 1975-2000 and the Connecticut Tumor Registry Study of Multiple Primary Cancers. Observed versus expected cancers were compared using the Exact Poisson Test.

RESULTS
171 (60%) individuals returned a questionnaire. At baseline, 77% had a personal history of breast cancer and a mean of 4.2 breast cancers in the kindred. 22 kindreds also had ≥1 individual with ovarian cancer. During a mean 3.6 years follow-up, a single fallopian tube cancer was reported in an individual with a BRCA1 variant of uncertain significance. When the 11 patients with such variants were excluded, 8 breast, 4 non-melanoma skin, and one each of lymphoma, CML, uterine sarcoma and thyroid cancer were reported during 567 women years of follow-up. Breast cancer was seen significantly more than expected (8 vs 3.9 cases; p = 0.045). No ovarian cancers were observed vs 0.25 expected (p=0.78).

CONCLUSIONS
Individuals from HBC kindreds without a demonstrable BRCA mutation did not have an increased risk of ovarian cancer. If confirmed, these findings may have important implications for cancer screening in such kindreds. No significant financial relationships to disclose.


The seven series isolated from the female parent of a wheat hybrid cross P27XP3 through systematic selection was test crossed with the male parent P3.The result shows that the different series from the same wheat variety has significant influence on the hybrid heterosis appearance,that is to say,the systematic selection of parents can improve the heterosis level of hybrid heterosis effectively.


For long-term projects with considerable cash flows, the project managers aim to maximize the net present values instead of to minimize project durations. An ant colony algorithm is proposed to coordinate the allocation of scarce resources to improve the net present values. The algorithm adaptively adjusts resource allocation according to the pheromone generated by artificial ants employed to search for suitable schedules. The crossover operation, inverse mutation and elitist strategy are applied to accelerate the searching, and a backward scheduling technique is adopted to postpone cash outflows. An experimental testing indicates that the proposed algorithm helps to improve the net present values of resource constrained projects


Nations that have strong connections with their past can reach their objectives more reliable and secure. This can be achieved through culture. Culture is transmitted to new generations mostly by education. Educational institutions undertake the role of transmitting culture to new generations, developing and changing the culture of that society. Schools are the most important educational institutions of one's life. Schools use different kinds of materials while carrying on this goal. Textbooks are the most important element of these materials. Aim of this study was to examine Social Sciences' textbooks which are being used in 7th grade classes in public schools; recommended by National Education authorities, in terms of selected cultural values which are determined as: family life, lifestyle, traditions, ceremonies, and holidays. This study was implemented by document analysis which is one of the qualitative studies. This study was based on a descriptive analysis and descriptive study model which investigates cultural objects within specified textbooks in regard to visual and textual respects. After the inspection of 7th grade social sciences textbooks of Ministry of National Education, it can be concluded that some cultural objects were mentioned but these are not enough. Especially for social science course culture should be more emphasized. Social sciences course is not only a history course but also a course that should include culture as well.


Financial market has been discovered to be complex, non-linear dynamical and evolutionary (Basher et al., 2012). There are several interacting factors in finance which include political events, general economic condiABSTRACT Due to non-linearity and non-stationary characteristics of stock market time series data, prior approaches have not been adequate enough for predicting stock market prices. Support vector machines are classifier that have been reported in the literature as having good recognition accuracy and have been applied in the area of predicting financial stock market prices and was found efficient. It is however noted that the performance of the SVM is affected by the values of the hyper-parameters used by the SVM. There is the need to find a way for searching for the best hyper-parameters that optimizes the performance of an SVM model. Coral Reef Optimization (CRO) is one of many nature-inspired algorithms used extensively to solve optimization problems. It is very effective in solving optimization problems because it is able to achieve global optimization. This paper's contribution is the development of Coral Reef search algorithms for the improvement of the hyper-parameters of the SVM used for stock price trend prediction. The Algorithm is validated using stock data of two banks. The results obtained out-performed un-optimized SVM, and have the same performance as that of SVM optimized with the FireFly optimization algorithm.


System of the Marathas (Calcutta, 1925), and V. T. Gune's The Judicial System of the Marathas (Poona, 1953). Here again, even if we restrict ourselves to material published in the English language, the author has failed to take notice of some important works, as, for example, Elphinstone's Report, mentioned above. Some information contained in the volumes of the Selections from the Peshwa Daftar (Bombay, 1930-1934), and Selections from the Satara Rajas' and the Peshwas' Diaries (Bombay, 1906-11 ) is, no doubt, used here and there, but it adds very little to what Sen and Gune have already said. The author has relied so much on Sen and Gune that often even works like the Bombay Gazetteer have been referred to 'as quoted in Sen's Administrative System of the Marathas', or,


The music of Jean Francaix is well known to those familiar with woodwind chamber literature. His long, successful career began in the 1930s when French composers rejected the excessively chromatic harmonies, intense emotionalism and grandiose proportions of late Romantic music. Embracing the concepts of neoclassicism, economy of means, clarity and objectivity, and a return to diatonicism and formal structures, the new "Classical" music contained the added spice of twentieth-century harmonic techniques including bitonality, modality, and quartal and quintal harmonies.
Francaix has written many concertos and solos for woodwind instruments, but his enduring popularity resides in his chamber music for various combinations. His publisher for the last six decades has been B. Schott's Sohne who commissioned Francaix to write several chamber works in honor of his eightieth birthday.
Two of his works for flute, Divertimento pour flute et piano and Suite pour flute seule, are known to professional flutists but not considered standards in the flute repertoire. The purpose of this paper is to call attention to the wide variety of Francaix's repertoire which is eminently suitable for concert and recital programming. The identification of formal and tonal elements in Francaix's two works for flute helps to place his prodigious output within the context of the prevailing musical and philosophical aesthetic in France of the 1920s through 1940s. An annotated list of Francaix's works with flute in a primary role is included as an appendix.


Complete magnetoelectric (ME) phase diagrams of orthorhombic $R$MnO$_{3}$ with and without magnetic moments on the $R$ ions have been established. Three kinds of multiferroic ground states, the $ab$-cycloidal, the $bc$-cycloidal, and the collinear $E$-type phases, have been identified by the distinct ME responses. The electric polarization of the $E$-type phase dominated by the symmetric spin exchange ($bm{S}_{i} cdot bm{S}_{j}$) is more than 10 times as large as that of the $bc$-cycloidal phase dominated by the antisymmetric one ($bm{S}_{i} times bm{S}_{j}$), and the ME response is enhanced near the bicritical phase boundary between these multiferroic phases of different origins. These findings will provide an important clue for the development of the magnetically induced multiferroics.


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to optimize the key dimensions parameters of the missile suspension structure to ensure the structural fatigue life (>10000 cycles) with the reliability of 0.995.Design/methodology/approach – The design objective is the fatigue life reliability of the structure, while the design variables are the four fatigue‐sensitive dimensions. The nominal stress approach is introduced to predict the fatigue life, and it was verified by comparing with experimental data. The second respond surface method is applied to solve the reliability in a finite element‐supported analysis using software MSC Patran/Nastran. A Sequential quadratic programming (SQP) algorithm is used for structure optimization.Findings – The fillet radius r is the most important factor that influences the fatigue life reliability of the structure. The four optimal dimensions parameters are obtained by a reliability‐based design optimization process with the fatigue life and reliability fulfilling the demands.Ori...


The Survivable Network Analysis method permits assessment of survivability at the architecture level. Steps include system mission and architecture definition, essential capability definition, compromisable capability definition, and survivability analysis of architectural soft-spots that are both essential and compromisable. The article summarizes application of the method to a subsystem of a large-scale, distributed health care system.


It is noted that the calculation of turbulence-generated aerodynamic sound requires knowledge of the spatial and temporal variation of Q sub ij (xi sub k, tau), the two-point, two-time turbulent velocity correlations. A technique is presented to obtain an approximate form of these correlations based on closure of the Reynolds stress equations by modeling of higher order terms. The governing equations for Q sub ij are first developed for a general flow. The case of homogeneous, stationary turbulence in a unidirectional constant shear mean flow is then assumed. The required closure form for Q sub ij is selected which is capable of qualitatively reproducing experimentally observed behavior. This form contains separation time dependent scale factors as parameters and depends explicitly on spatial separation. The approximate forms of Q sub ij are used in the differential equations and integral moments are taken over the spatial domain. The velocity correlations are used in the Lighthill theory of aerodynamic sound by assuming normal joint probability.


The study examines the relationship among service quality, perceived service value, perceived sacrifice, customer satisfaction, behavioral intention, customer loyalty, word-of-mouth and variety seeking by investigating the purchase of hot spring spa service and hot spring resort hotel. Modern marketing of service industry attributes to the demand of customers. Therefore, the study focuses on the customer aspects. Though issues on"how perceived service value and service quality affects customer royalty and repurchase intention" have been widely discussed, there are still issues worthy further research, especially the derivative factors in individual industries. Hence, the study explores a model that elucidates how service quality and perceived service value affect customers in the repurchase of hot spring service. Especially deserve to be mentioned is that the study also makes further investigation about non-monetary perceived price. In addition, exploring how customer repurchase intention and royalty affect variety seeking as well. This explication may give corporate and managers some suggestions in making marketing program decisions. The study establishes a model to examine the relationship between each construct built in this study by LISREL. The study is to provide references to hot spring hotel managers in making future strategy decision and improving the hot spring resort service to customers. The following is the main conclusion in the study: 1. When the hot spring resort hotel is positioning in luxury segment, there is positive relationship between perceived sacrifice and perceived service value. 2. In the perceived service value model of hot spring resort hotel, the factor to affect customer repurchase intention is mainly through perceived service quality which is determined by customer satisfaction. 3. Among the various kind of hot sprig resort hotel, the royalty of customers expresses in the positive Word of Mouth behavioral intention. 4. The customers positioned in middle or high price level tend to make variety seeking behavior to reduce the uncertainty of the change of their taste.


More recent labour market trends have been identified as leading to a renewed interest in core skills. These include: widespread and growing access to computers and information communication technologies (ICTs); the use of ICTs to change how services are provided and consumed; growing employment in services and high-skilled occupations; widespread imbalances between the supply of and demand for skills; and greater youth unemployment. Recent employer surveys indicate that occupation-specific skills are no longer sufficient to meet the needs of the labour market. The skills in demand are increasingly core skills for employability, for example basic/foundation skills (literacy, numeracy), vocational or technical skills (specialised know-how), professional or personal skills (individual attributes relevant to work), and core work skills (communication, computer, creative, problem solving, team work, etc.).


Owing to highly peculiar properties such as tunable electronic band gaps and coexistence of Rashba, excitonic and piezoelectric effects, low-dimensional Janus transition metal chalcogenides (TMDs) have received growing attention across...