According to the thorough research of computerized tomography(CT) in medical field,there are different scan methods for different kind of objects.There isn't any interval between two topographies.The CT image processing software is usually applied in a workstation.When CT is used into the wood industry,in order to improve efficiency and reduce cost,the interval between two topographies is expected so that the data of CT image can be reconstructed by PC.However,the research about this method of interval and interpolation hasn't been reported yet.This article,based on the reconstruction of three-D data by cubic natural spline function,compares the data got by using interval interpolation and that got without interval,and the result doesn't show much difference between these two groups of data.The application of cubic natural spline function can reconstruct three-D data and thus improve efficiency and lower cost.


As there are some problems existing in the cyber physical system (CPS), for example, network resource wasting, computing resource wasting and component failure, the co-design problem between fault-accommodation and communication saving is studied in this paper based on the idea of edge computing. Firstly, the idea of edge computing is introduced into CPS. The estimation work of system state and failure information are completed in the smart sensor which is in the edge of CPS network, and the work of transmission data filtering was also completed in the smart sensor. Secondly, the failure estimation method with $H_{\infty}$-performance was derived based on Lyapunov theory, and the co-design method between failure accommodation and communication resource saving was proposed based on the failure estimation value. Finally, the effectiveness of failure estimation method and co-design method are verified based on the simulation example.


We present a Monte Carlo algorithm which is specially designed for studying the stochastic behavior of large reaction–diffusion systems. We compare its performance and results to those obtained by a standard method for a solvable model system for which we calculate the mean concentration, the variance, and the spatial autocorrelation function of concentration.


TOWARDS A UML PROFILE FOR TRACE ANALYSIS OF DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS UML concepts and tools are increasingly applied in several areas of software engineering. The recent additions in UML 2.0 and the supporting tools, especially Tau G2, open the door even for wider applicability of these concepts and tools in areas like distributed system development. In this paper, we report on the ongoing work to define a UML profile in Tau G2 for the Trace Analysis of Distributed Systems. The proposed profile is based on the existing Formal Trace Analysis Framework, which uses traces of distributed systems to produce formal models (Currently in SDL) approximating the behavior of the system under test and allows the verification of the resulting models against properties specified in the GOAL language of ObjectGEODE. We believe that the Trace Analysis (TA) UML profile would allow the users of the trace analysis framework to benefit from the variety of modeling tools available in UML.


Background. Skin lesions are common in immunocompromised patients. These lesions have been described in patients who have undergone organ transplantation. Since renal transplant recipients constitute the largest group among organ transplant patients, we conducted this study to find out the extent of skin disease in renal transplant recipients and to assess the effect of duration of immunosuppression on the prevalence of skin lesions. Methods. 60 renal transplant recipients attending Dammam Central Hospital were examined for the presence of skin lesions. Patients were examined by the same dermatologist, and skin biopsies and scrapings were taken whenever necessary. Statistical analysis was done using the chisquare test Results. Skin lesions were seen in 90% of the patients. These included iatrogenic lesions (drug induced), infectious lesions, malignant lesions, and miscellaneous lesions. Iatrogenic lesions were the most common (80%). Among these hypertrichosis/hirsutism was the most common (60%), followed by fat redistribution (40%), and dene (30%). Infectious skin lesions were the next most common type of lesion and were seen in 46.6% of the patients. Pityriasis versicolor was the most common skin infection (36.6%), Malignant lesions (Kaposi's sarcoma) were seen in only 1 putient. Miscellaneous skin lesions were seen in 20% of the patients and included skin tags, pigmented nevi, icthyosis, eczema, seborrheic dermatitis, and acanthosis nigricans. Prevalence of infectious skin lesions increased significantly with the increasing duration of the renal transplant, while that of tatrogenic lesions did not. Conclusion. Skin disease is a significant problem in renal transplant recipients. Although these lesions are often benign, they may, at times, become quite disfiguring and pose life-threatening problems. Careful dermatological monitoring of these patients is recommended in order to detect these lesions in their early stages and to treat them promptly.


Objective: The present study aims to analyze implementation consequences on active search for incidents related to blood transfusion at Onofre Lopes University Hospital (HUOL) and establish a blood transfusion profile in this facility. Methods: Blood transfusion and TIs registered on Hemotherapy Core at HUOL were counted through SPSS 20, comparing IT/1000 blood transfusion averages between 2012 and 2014. T Test of Student was used to compare data and chi-square (X²) and relative risk calculation to associate the use of blood components and risk to develop TI.
Results: An increase of TI numbers at HUOL was shown by active searching and its equivalence to reference French and Brazilian services, liked to ANVISA sentinel network. Thus, there was a change in the average rate from 1.86 TI/1000 blood transfusions in 2012 to 5.36 TI/1000 blood transfusions in 2013 and 5.86 TI/1000 in 2014 (p = 0.001). It was also observed that the red blood cell concentrate is the fraction with the highest risk of occurrence of TIs (p = 0.003) and the greatest chance of causing any type of TI in relation to the other blood products, RR = 1.848 (95% CI; 1.042 - 3.266). It was also seen that the infusion of platelet concentrate is related to the allergic reaction (p <0.01), and greater risk compared to other blood components, RR = 2.746 (95% CI; 1.477 - 5.107).
Conclusion: This study demonstrates active Hemovigilance importance on Tis subnotifications decrease.


Overview Clone research status in fish.amphibiam and mammalia,also feature people the applictions fore ground that clone in medicament medical treatment clomain.animal improved reproduce and proper kinds conservancy.


Cellulose was dissolved at 3 wt % in 15 mL of 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([Amim]Cl) together with 2 wt % water, and then gas–liquid interface discharge was carried out at 20 W for 200 s. As a result, 7.6% of initially dissolved cellulose decomposed and 3.9% of initially dissolved cellulose changed into reducing sugar. Adding a small amount of water to the solution was essential for the decomposition of cellulose. [Amim]Cl was stable against the discharge, as determined from the NMR signals measured before and after the discharge.


Since Google launched Google Glass in 2012, numbers of commercial wearable devices were released, such as smart belt, smart band, smart shoes, smart clothes ... etc. However, most of these devices perform as sensors to show the readings of measurements and few of them provide the interactive feedback to the user. Furthermore, these devices are single task devices which are not able to communicate with each other. In this paper a new health promotion system, Ubiquitous Life People Informatics Engine (U-Life PIE), will be presented. This engine consists of People Informatics Engine (PIE) and the interactive user interface. PIE collects all the data from the compatible devices, analyzes this data comprehensively and communicates between devices via various application programming interfaces. All the data and informations are stored on the PIE unit, therefore, the user is able to view the instant and historical data on their mobile devices any time. It also provides the real-time hands-free feedback and instructions through the user interface visually, acoustically and tactilely. These feedback and instructions suggest the user to adjust their posture or habits in order to avoid the physical injuries and prevent illness. Keywords—Machine learning, user interface, user experience, Internet of things, health promotion.


By W. Ker Wilson London : Chapman and Hall Ltd. Pp. 704 + xxxii. Price £5 5s. This is a third and revised edition of Dr. Ker Wilson's work on torsional vibrations ; the last edition had appeared in 1940. It is not a book for the general reader, but an essential source book for the specialist.


Electrooculography (EOG) signal is the potential difference between the cornea and the retina of the eye. The voltage amplitude changes when the eye moves in various directions. This change produces a distinct EOG pattern when the eye moves in a particular direction. Therefore, by monitoring the EOG signal, it is possible to track the eye movement. The EOG based eye-tracking technique can be extended to maneuver smart wheelchairs for neurodegenerative disease patients. For a successful operation of such a smart wheelchair, an accurate classification of the EOG signal is required. In this experimental study, we collected two channel EOG signals in the laboratory from multiple individuals and propose an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) based method to differentiate among the nine classes of EOG signals: up, down, left, right, down-left, down-right, up-left, up-right, and blink. This wide range classification would be suitable to perform complicated tasks in smart technology platform. Our model can successfully predict the eye movement from the statistical properties and dominant frequency of the measured EOG signal with an accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score of 99%. This is a significant improvement over past studies conducted by various researchers for the same purpose and to the knowledge of the authors, such a high accuracy has not been previously achieved for the nine classes of EOG signals mentioned earlier. The proposed model is compatible for real-time smart applications based on eye movements.


For any graph G, the spanning tree packing number of \(\sigma\) (G), is the maximum number of edge-disjoint spanning trees contained in G. In this study, we determined the maximum number of edge-disjoint spanning trees of the generalized petersen graph and cocktail graph.


Using a full-length cDNA clone for the human phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH), haplotype analysis of the PAH genes was performed in (20) German PKU-families by determination of the restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). As previously described for another population, an association between normal and mutant PAH-genes and certain haplotypes was observed. The analysis of 8 polymorphic sites detected by the restriction endonucleases revealed that 80% of the normal PAH genes were represented by 5 haplotypes among a possible total of 256 haplotypes. Four of these 5 haplotypes also accounted for greater than 90% of the PKU-genes studied. If each RFLP haplotype is associated with a specific mutation in the PAH gene that causes PKU, the data would suggest that PKU is a heterogeneous disease, and that a great majority of the PKU patients contain only a limited number of different mutant PAH genes in the German population. Indeed, specific RFLP haplotypes appear to be associated with particular disease phenotypes in a limited number of patients studied to date, such that it may be possible to predict the prognosis of disease from the haplotype data of the PKU-genes in the patients. Of 40 obligate carriers studied to date, a RFLP heterozygosity of 87.5% was observed. Since the restriction analysis can be readily performed using chromosomal DNA isolated from amniotic cells or chorionic villi, the data suggest that in 87.5% of the cases, prenatal diagnosis and carrier detection of PKU by gene analysis will be possible in Germany.


In this paper we present a specification of the most common static and dynamic workflow authorisation constraints. We propose an authorisation model that includes a planning phase, an execution phase and an adjustment phase. In addition, we focus on how the problems of role-task assignment and user-task assignment are respectively translated into CSP (Constraint Satisfaction Problem) and DyCSP (Dynamic constraint Satisfaction Problem) and solved using the explanation concept. In case of an inconsistent assignment problem, we propose to restore problem consistency based upon inconsistency explanation.


Diversification of livelihoods is a recurrently applied approach for cushioning economic and environmental shocks on the path to improving food security. Therefore, this study was conducted to empirically analyse the effect of livelihood diversification, on the food security status of the rural farming households. The study was conducted in Udi local government area, Enugu state, Nigeria. The study drew a sample of 60 rural households through a multi-stage random sampling technique. Data obtained were analysed using food security index, tobit regression model and Pearson Product Moment Correlation. The two-third mean per capital monthly food expenditure (food security line) for the entire household was ₦1,430.18. More than half (55%) of the sampled households were food insecure. The tobit regression result indicated that the household size, farm size, gender, age and dependency ratio were found to have significant effect in determining diversification of the farming households livelihood sources. The Pearson Product Moment Correlation coefficient obtained for the diversification index (0.61) was positive and significant at 1 percent level of probability. Policy implications were drawn for birth control, poverty alleviation programs which would enhance their livelihood diversification activities, and the creation of sustainable off-farm and non-farm employment opportunities.


The growing interest in the etiology of the sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) has led to a reawakening of interest in the subject of the physiological control and organization of cardiorespiratory interactions. The most notable physiological manifestation of such an interaction is sinus arrhythmia, and the basis for much of current thinking about its origin lies in the work of Anrep. ',* He showed convincingly that the respiratory-related fluctuations in heart rate resulted from 2 mechanisms: first, a regulation of the vagal outflow to the heart by those neural processes that generate respiratory rhythm and reside in the brainstem; second, reflex inputs that are activated on inflation of the lungs. These act together to produce tachycardia during inspiration and a slowing of the heart in expiration. The major output pathway for heart-rate control appears to be the vagus. Recent studies have shown that the sensitivities of the baroreceptor and chemoreceptor controls of vagal outflow are markedly affected by respiratory state. A brief stimulus to either, if timed to occur during expiration, is effective; but one timed to occur during inspiration is ineffective in activating cardiac vagal efferent fibers or slowing the heart.3 Indeed, potent influences of respiration on the efficacy of a wide range of cardiovascular and respiratory reflexes are well illustrated, and many of the non-linearities in the control of the heart during reflexes involving numerous different receptors can be accounted for by the influences that these elicit concominantly on re~pirat ion.~ It must also be stressed that equivalent changes are produced in the sympathetic outflow to the heart and blood vessels, and respiration strongly influences the effectiveness of reflex inputs to sympathetic neurones.' These observations have led my laboratory to seek to determine the central mechanisms mediating these interactions. We have used a wide range of neurophysiological approaches in an attempt to unravel the synaptic processes that lead to the respiratory patterning of vaga16 and sympathetic d i~charge .~ Our first hypothesis was that important interactions that would account for the influences of lung inflation on both heart rate and reflex inputs to cardiac vagal efferents occurred at the level of the nucleus of the tractus solitarius (NTS). This hypothesis was based on the fact that the major cardiovascular and respiratory afferents terminate in the NTS ,* and the input from slowly adapting vagal stretch-afferents might modulate reflex transmission at this level. However, a series of


In order to reduce the operation cost of composting process with forced air ventilation, this study investigated the effect of intermittent ventilation on composting. Experiments with a small-scale reactor system were conducted for several combinations of ventilation rate, ratio of ventilation period and resting period, and cycling time of intermittent ventilation. The experiment results demonstrated that a relatively higher ventilation rate and specific combination of ventilation/resting ratio could provide more effective composting than continuous ventilation. The tendency of the results seemed reasonable from our previous analyses on composting with continuous ventilation. [Keywords] cattle manure, composting, small-scale reactor, intermittent ventilation, efficiency


The relationship between education and development. What does development mean? The relationship between education and conflict. Why conflict? How education affects conflict. The two faces of education.


mTOR is involved in various signalling pathways, including TSC1/TSC2/Rheb, PI3K/Akt, LKBL/AMPK, VAM6/Rag GTPase etc. and dysregulation of the mTOR pathway has been related with cancer, neurological diseases and type 2 diabetes. In the present work, we created a comprehensive network of mTOR signalling that consisted of 255 nodes (proteins/genes) and 592 edges (interactions) using the Cytoscape 3.6 editor and its plugins for analysis. The experimental design included retrieving gene expression profiles for two diseases, namely Alzheimer's disease (AD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D), from the Gene Expression Omnibus (NCBI GEO) and performing pre-processing and normalisation using R and Bioconductor. The ExprEssence plugin was used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) across gene expression samples using network condensation. GO (Gene Ontology) analysis was performed using PANTHER along with Venn plot for identification of overlapping proteins/genes between two microarray datasets of AD and T2D. PDK1 (3-Phosphoinositidedependent kinase 1) was identified as a common upregulated DEG between both the disease conditions (AD and T2D). The Schrödinger TM Suite was employed for ligand and protein preparation, docking investigations and pharmacophore development. Based on docking score, phase screen score and site of interaction, two compounds namely (2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)‐ 4,5‐dihydroxy‐2‐methyl‐6‐{[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)‐3,4,5‐tr ihydroxy‐6‐{[5 ‐hydroxy‐6‐methoxy‐2‐(4‐methoxyp henyl)‐4‐oxo‐4H‐chromen‐7‐yl]oxy}oxan‐2‐yl]methox y}oxan‐3‐yl aceta te and 5‐hydroxy‐6‐methoxy‐2‐(4‐ methoxyphenyl)‐7‐{[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)‐ 3,4,5‐trihydrox y‐6‐({[(2R,3S,4R, 5R,6R)‐3,4,5‐trihydroxy‐6‐methylox an‐2‐yl]oxy} methyl)oxan‐2‐yl]oxy}‐4H‐chromen‐4‐ one) were identified as potential inhibitors of PDK1.


Nowadays, virtual reality technologies and immersive virtual reality (VR) apps allow people to view, explore, engage with and learn about historic monuments and buildings, historic sites, and even historic scenes. To preserve our cultural heritage for future generations. it is essential that damaged and dilapidated historic artefacts are accurately documented, and that steps are taken to improve user experiences in the areas of virtual visits, science and education. This paper describes an approach to reconstruct and restore historic buildings and mural paintings. The work process uses digital models that are then inserted into an interactive and immersive VR environment. Windows-Mixed Reality is used to visualize the said VR environment. The work method was applied at a United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) World Heritage Site in Tenerife (Canary Islands, Spain), thereby creating a virtual three dimensional (3D) rendering of the architectural structures of the St Augustine Church in La Laguna and its murals. A combination of topography and terrestrial photogrammetry was used to reconstruct its architectural features, and the digital imaging tool DStretch® to recover its murals. The resulting 3D model was then inserted into an immersive and interactive VR environment created using the cross-platform game engine Unity. One of the greatest challenges of this project revolved around recovering the dilapidated and virtually nonexistent mural paintings using DStretch®. However, the final result is an immersive and interactive VR environment containing architectural and artistic information created within the video game engine Unity, which thereby allows the user to explore, observe and interact with a cultural heritage site in real time.


ABSTRACT

The oral diseases are a major problem in our country, especially in our city rural and urban parishes, with emphasis on dental caries was most represented, if not treated in time can become a potential health risk in general.

The present research was conducted in Jimbilla and had as main objective the diagnosis of oral health among school students and colleg, and the identification of risk factors that contributed to the presence of pathologies.

This project is quantitative, descriptive, and prospective, cross sectional study, a sample of 179 children, the survey was conducted to find risk factors and clinical history identified pathologies.

The pathologies found were 100 % dental caries, gingival inflammation 62 % 21.8% 0.6 % gingival bleeding and recession, and 6.7% of altered occlusion. Only 0.47% specifically tongue thrusting habits , bite rates are 6.6 % found aa aa bite , anterior open 2.8 % , 0.6 % deep bite and premature loss decidua , 1.1 % of anterior cross bite cross bite and just later. It was also found 4.5% of mild dental fluorosis.

Keywords: Oral Health, risk factors, dental caries, children and adolescents.


The policing of critical incident scenes, including natural disasters, hazardous materials spills, hostage situations, and terrorist attacks, has become an especially salient topic in the post-September 11 environment. Given the attention-grabbing nature of these events, police administrators are often faced with the task of building and maintaining relationships with members of the media at these scenes, primarily reporters and their crews who often pursue goals that are in direct conflict with those of law enforcement. This article examines the issues related to police—media relations at critical incident scenes using interview data from subjects involved in policing the scene of the Oklahoma City bombing and the related trials of Timothy McVeigh and Terry Nichols. These interviews provide a context for the presentation of guidelines important to police administrators who must be able to forge successful relationships with the media at critical incidents.


Introduction Being gay, lesbian, bisexual and having a learning difficulty Finding a place in the world: belonging, love, sex and dreams How do staff and services approach work on relationships, sex and sexuality? Professionals' experiences and views of same sex relationships for people with learning difficulties Conclusions Recommendations.


A B S T R A C T In this study we analyze the relationship between the occurrence of high temperatures and the variability of soybean yield. The study covers the crop years from 2003 to 2012 in Rio Grande do Sul State. For the analysis of temperature over the vegetation canopy in agricultural areas, we used a LST (Land Surface Temperature ) time series, product MYD11A2 collection -5 of sensor MODIS ( Moderate -Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer ) on board the Aqua satellite. Crop area mapping, identification and monitoring of development during phenological stages were performed with application of EVI (Enhanced Vegetation Index) data series product MOD13Q1, collection-5 of MODIS on board the Terra satellite. Ordinary kriging methodology was used for data smoothing of spatial distribution of soybean yield at municipal level, obtained from IBGE; accumulated rainfall, between October and February, came from data of 15 meteorological stations from FEPAGRO (Fundacao Estadual de Pesquisa Agropecuaria). The overall average LST over crop canopy in the studied period was 31.9 oC with standard deviation 2.1 °C. The overall average of the smoothed yield was 2003 kg ha -1 with standard deviation 309 kg ha -1 . The average of cumulative rainfall was 775 mm with a standard deviation of 38 mm. At the state level analysis, results indicate that severe decreases in productivity are coupled events effect of canopy-LST above average during February (DOY 033), associated to below average rainfall by means an inverse nonlinear relationship with R 2 = 0.73 and RMSD = 17,8%.


The key problem to be solved in the continuous tracking of moving objects in the multiple cameras environments is object consistency identification in different vision.Considering that the moving objects to be tracked are all on the ground,this paper proposes a method to integrate cameras vision into a panoramic surveillance view,in which objects consistency identification is converted into the problem of panoramic view construction.The error induced by object consistency identification is avoided,tracking accuracy is increased and algorithm complexity is reduced.


A cart comprises wheels, a brake mechanism, a traction mechanism and an actuating mechanism. The brake mechanism is in clutch assembly with the wheels, the traction mechanism is connected with the brake mechanism, the actuating mechanism is connected with the traction mechanism, the actuating mechanism can be operated to drive the traction mechanism, and the brake mechanism performs separation or joint movement relative to the wheels by the aid of the traction mechanism. By specific structural design of a mechanism with mutual cooperation of a positioning seat and a swirl slot seat, namely a positioning piece and a swirl groove, operation in braking and braking removing of the cart is realized by a user during repeated pressing of the positioning seat; the cart and the brake device have the advantages that braking of the cart is simplified, and the cart can be conveniently controlled.


Applying a continuous equal channel angular pressing technique (ECAP-Conform), this work deals with the structure transformation and mechanical properties of a Grade 4 Ti. The microstructure evolution and mechanical properties were studied using electron backscatter diffraction; transmission electron microscopy and tensile tests. The results demonstrated that the microstructure evolution is ensured by the formation of low-angle deformation-induced boundaries during the initial stages of ECAP-Conform. With the number of ECAP-Conform passes increasing up to 10, a structure with an average grain size of 0.22 pm was achieved, and the ultimate strength increased 1.5 times higher with respect to the initial state.


Tropospheric ozone is a natural constituent of the troposphere but man-made emissions of NOx and VOCs have led to an increase in concentrations globally. Ozone plays an important role in the Earth System, e.g. damaging vegetation, modifying the oxidation potential of the atmosphere and by acting as a greenhouse gas. Dry deposition of ozone to terrestrial surfaces governs its potential to cause damage and provides an important atmospheric sink. Ozone is very reactive so readily deposits on most surfaces. It is also taken in through stomata as the plant respires and this stomatal uptake can cause damage to the plant. Stomatal uptake is estimated using existing stomatal conductance models that have been well characterized and evaluated. However non-stomatal deposition has not been well described in land-atmosphere exchange models to date. Several sets of ozone flux measurements have been collated to examine the non-stomatal deposition process. The data showed ozone deposition increased to dry canopies as temperature or solar radiation increased, consistent with the thermal decomposition of ozone on leaf cuticles or reactions with emitted biogenic VOCs. It was also found that the presence of surface water increased ozone deposition, probably due to aqueous chemical reactions with compounds in the water; therefore this may depend on the composition of cuticular waxes or the presence of other deposited compounds. A new parameterisation for non-stomatal ozone deposition to grassland and coniferous forests is derived and incorporated into a standard resistance type deposition model. This new model is evaluated using data reserved from the parameterization process and compared to other existing models.


The central claim of this work is straightforward: if one endorses cosmopolitan principles of distributive justice, then one ought also to be a world statist. This is not the generally held view. Institutionally, cosmopolitans have tended to endorse – when they have endorsed any particular institutions at all – either modified and enhanced versions of today's domestic state system, or 'intermediary' institutional constructs that are conceptualised as sitting apart from both the domestic state system and a world state. I aim to demonstrate that, from a cosmopolitan perspective, these are inferior alternatives, and to make the case for a federal world state. The point of such a project is to confront cosmopolitan moral theory with its radical institutional implications, which its proponents have often ignored or resisted.
In making this argument, after underlining conceptual and empirical difficulties for the idea of 'cosmopolitan law' without strong central government, I pay extended attention to what has been described as cosmopolitanism's 'solidarity problem', which recognises that there is currently little appetite among the global population for distributing resources or otherwise changing behaviours and practices so as to realise cosmopolitan distributive principles. I consider three approaches to this problem: the possibility of the principled transformation of domestic states; the development of a sense of global community; and an emphasis upon the harnessing of self-interested motivations. In each case I demonstrate the importance of the transcendence of the domestic state system, and global political integration. Thereafter, I directly address various 'intermediary' institutional prescriptions, arguing that in many respects they are less clearly distinguishable from a world state than their authors believe, and that where they are distinguishable this represents a disadvantage with respect to the realisation of cosmopolitan ends when compared to a world state. Finally, I consider and reject a range of common critiques of the world state itself, while emphasising that many of these critiques in fact function as critiques of cosmopolitan distributive theory, rendering them unavailable to the cosmopolitan theorists who are my intended audience.


The aim of the thesis is to design and program an application enabling statistical analysis of patient data. Using artificial neural networks, clustering of individuals, contingency tables and logistic regression, the application attemps to select appropriate treatment and provides an estimate probability of recovery. The application works with data file, which helps it to model Kohonen maps. It also determines the statistical characteristics of the patients. Using the application menu, the parameters of inicializing and learning of the network are set. At the same time, the program exports the results and significant inter-calculations.


New chiral bis(triazolium) salts have been prepared in good yields. The corresponding mononuclear platinum(II) complexes [Pt{bis(NHC)}X2] (X = Br, I) have been synthesized and spectroscopically characterized. One of the synthesized biscarbene complexes has also been characterised by X-ray crystallography. These complexes are efficient catalyst precursors for the hydrosilylation of 1-octene.


We propose a quantum computation scheme, which combines a silicon donor quantum computing architecture with the optical initialization, manipulation, and detection processes already demonstrated in ion traps. The errors in the implementation of logic gates would be bellow the threshold for scalable quantum computation.


In this study, a North American Regional Reanalysis (NARR)‐based climate dataset of wind and Pasquill stability class is developed for the North American Great Lakes region. Motivated by the need to update the limited wind and Pasquill stability class climatology previously incorporated into a livestock odour nuisance‐mitigation application used in Michigan, this study is motivated more generally by the lack of a long‐term climate dataset suitable for studies of atmospheric dispersion in the Great Lakes region. As a preliminary step, NARR 10‐m wind speed, 10‐m wind direction, and 2‐m temperature are evaluated at eight weather stations in Michigan and northern Indiana, and the wind speed variable is subsequently bias‐corrected. To derive a Pasquill stability class dataset from the NARR variables, an existing empirical relationship between Pasquill stability class and Richardson number is applied to a previously developed NARR‐derived Richardson number dataset covering the period 1979–2008. Pasquill stability class frequency in NARR is subsequently evaluated using observations at two flux towers in Illinois. Although a tendency is noted for the NARR‐derived Pasquill stability class dataset to underestimate the frequency of stable and unstable conditions, and overestimate the frequency of neutral conditions, the analysis shows that the 10‐m wind speed bias‐correction procedure yields a frequency distribution that is in better agreement with the observations than the non‐bias‐corrected dataset. Finally, an analysis of the spatial and temporal variability of livestock odour dispersion potential in Michigan is provided as an example application of the NARR‐based wind and Pasquill stability class climate dataset.


Abstract The rice water weevil, Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus Kuschel, is the most destructive insect pest of rice in the United States. Degree-day (DD) models were developed to predict the emergence date of adult rice water weevils from overwintering in the spring and to describe larval and pupal development on two varieties of rice under field conditions. The model that best described emergence of weevils from overwintering was derived from 14 yr of light trap captures. The temperature threshold for the best-fit model was 15.6°C, the start date for the model (date at which degree-day accumulation begins) was 33 d after 1 January, and the end point for the model was a cumulative light trap capture of six weevils. By using these parameters, emergence of weevils occurred after accumulation of 139.2 DD (°C × day). The model predicted emergence of weevils in 2001, 2002, 2003, and 2004 with an error of 4, 7, 1, and 2 d, respectively. For the model describing larval development, the number of degree-days required for development from egg to 50% pupation was 359.1 ± 19.4 DD (°C × day) with a low temperature threshold of 10°C. The number of degree-days required for pupal development was 264.3 DD (°C × day), and the total degree-days required for development of one generation was ≈623.4 DD (°C × day). Larval development did not differ on cultivars 'Jefferson' and 'Bengal'.


Eliciting accurate information on any object (perhaps a new product or service or person) using the wisdom of a crowd of individuals utilizing web-based platforms such as social networks is an important and interesting problem. Peer-prediction method is one of the known efforts in this direction but is limited to a single level of participating nodes. We non-trivially generalize the peer-prediction mechanism to the setting of a tree network of participating nodes that would get formed when the query about the object originates at a root node and propagates to nodes in a social network through forwarding. The feedback provided by the participating nodes must be aggregated hierarchically to generate a high quality answer at the root level. In the proposed tree-based peer-prediction mechanism, we use proper scoring rules for continuous distributions and prove that honest reporting is a Nash Equilibrium when prior probabilities are common knowledge in the tree and the observations made by the sibling nodes are stochastically relevant. To compute payments, we explore the logarithmic, quadratic, and spherical scoring rules using techniques from complex analysis. Through detailed simulations, we obtain several insights including the relationship between the budget of the mechanism designer and the quality of answer generated at the root node.


S. A. Tokarev's article "On Religion as a Social Phenomenon (The Thoughts of an Ethnographer)" (1) cannot but attract attention. In it one of our most prominent experts in this field advances a critique of certain established notions about religion and, at the same time, offers his own understanding of that phenomenon. One may agree with Tokarev or not, but there is no question that his article compels a new look at the question of the essence of religion.


Brand, M. 1984. "Music Teachers Versus Researchers: A Truce." Bulletin of the Council for Research in Music Education 80: 1–13. Cain, T. 2012. "Too Hard, Too Soft or Just About Right: Paradigms in Music Teachers' Action Research." British Journal of Music Education 29 (3): 409–425. doi:10.1017/ S0265051712000290. Cain, T., and P. Burnard. 2012. "Teachers and Pupils as Researchers: Methods for Researching School Music." In Debates in Music Teaching, edited by Chris Philpott and Gary Spruce, 223–241. Abingdon: Routledge. Poet, H., P. Rudd, and J. Kelly. 2010. Survey of Teachers 2010: Support to Improve Teaching Practice. London: General Teaching Council for England. Accessed February 4, 2014. http://www.nfer.ac.uk/nfer/publications/STYZ01/STYZ01.pdf. Simons, M. 2006. "'Education through Research' at European Universities: Notes on the Orientation of Academic Research." Journal of Philosophy of Education 40 (1): 31–50. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9752.2006.00493.x.


The article deals with the problems of developing students" creative skills. According to the author"s opinion, one of the main effective factors, which contribute to the process, is essential educational artistic environment.


The establishment of urban cadastral database often requires the reasonable classification and effective organization for cadastral data.This paper proposed the element classification method based on data descripition structure.The various data about land background map,parcel map,surveying control points,attribute information and documentary record are respectively defined and classified under the code regulations.The experiment of establishing Chengdu cadastral database was performed based on the proposed classification regulations.


Air chemistry is affected by the emission of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs), which originate from almost all plants in varying qualities and quantities. They also vary widely among different crops, an aspect that has been largely neglected in emission inventories. In particular, bioenergy‐related species can emit mixtures of highly reactive compounds that have received little attention so far. For such species, long‐term field observations of BVOC exchange from relevant crops covering different phenological phases are scarcely available. Therefore, we measured and modeled the emission of three prominent European bioenergy crops (maize, ryegrass, and oil‐seed rape) for full rotations in north‐eastern Germany. Using a proton transfer reaction–mass spectrometer combined with automatically moving large canopy chambers, we were able to quantify the characteristic seasonal BVOC flux dynamics of each crop species. The measured BVOC fluxes were used to parameterize and evaluate the BVOC emission module (JJv) of the physiology‐oriented LandscapeDNDC model, which was enhanced to cover de novo emissions as well as those from plant storage pools. Parameters are defined for each compound individually. The model is used for simulating total compound‐specific reactivity over several years and also to evaluate the importance of these emissions for air chemistry. We can demonstrate substantial differences between the investigated crops with oil‐seed rape having 37‐fold higher total annual emissions than maize. However, due to a higher chemical reactivity of the emitted blend in maize, potential impacts on atmospheric OH‐chemistry are only 6‐fold higher.


Since some years ago, business and scientific communities have tried to understand technology behavior through time as well as the strategies that could be carried out through that trajectory. An alternative for analyzing technologies through time are the S curves models (Kucharavy & De Guio, 2007), (Zartha 2009), (Perez, 2001), (Ortiz & Pedroza, 2006), (Foster, 1986) where it is possible to identify if a technology is emerging, incoming, key or base, if it is necessary to establish a monitoring strategy, selective investing or not overinvesting and determine the diffusion phases as initial diffusion, early growing, late growing and maturity of a technology. In this document, the way a technology behaves through time is analyzed by means of S curves, taking the number of publications and patents as performance parameters. In order to achieve the S curves of this technology, were used data series from Biotechnology and Nanotechnology articles since 1956 were obtained from ISI Web of Science and patents since 1962 (Priority Date) and 1970 (Issue Date), belonging to controlled release of the medical context and drug delivery; the data were analyzed using the software tool Vantage Point, the data were accumulated and then a non linear regressions where made applying different sigmoidal mathematical models, taking into account the statistical parameters R2, t value, p value and Durbin Watson. The data series were analyzed with some models, including Weibull, Gompertz, and Logistic. A total of 13 models were analyzed, obtaining the values of the parameters for each model. After this, the inflection point of each series was calculated by means of the second derivative. With the obtained values of the inflection points for the articles and patents series, the uncertainty in decision making on Technology Life Cycle can be reduced, particularly on the following aspects: Identification of the type of technology (before and after the inflection point), determination of the right time to apply Intellectual property and technological rights (convenience of protecting before the inflection point) and establishing monitoring strategies (when is it emerging from technology) and investing strategies (avoid overinvesting after the inflection point). In studies related to using S curves, different phases delimited by specific points through its growing are identified. This evolution has been studied by authors like Winter (1997), Dosi (1982), Pérez (2001), among others. Ortiz and Pedroza (2006) describe the evolution of a technology and its trajectory through S curves too. According to above, it is appropriate to analyze the technology performance by its own S curve, defined by a time series related to one or more performance parameters, identifying each phase by curve properties such as its minimum and maximum values (asymptotes) and its inflection point. In order to make that curve it is possible to use bibliometric data of the interest technology. Shu-Jung and contributors (2013) researched on patents related to LED controllers with the aim of establishing R&D strategies. In that study they accumulate the data of the patent requests in order to get a clear graph of technological development trends. Preliminary Conclusions With the values obtained of the inflection points for the articles and patents decisions can be made related to identifying the type of technology before and after the inflection point, before the inflection point: Emerging, incoming, key technology; after the inflection point: Declining technology. In this particular case, for the patents on biotechnology, specifically about controlled release materials, by issue date, the inflection point will be on 2016 and for patents by priority date on the same topics, the inflection point was on 2009. An additional analysis can be done on the inflection point related to determine the proper time to apply technological rights and intellectual property mechanisms. Before the inflection point: The technological rights and intellectual property mechanisms are wielded, after the inflection point: Technical expertise and know-how are freely available, so that overrun related to protecting should be considered given new dominant designs that could enter this market. Finally, S curves and its inflection point can help to reduce uncertainty about monitoring decisions when technology is emerging before the inflection point, or not to fall into overinvesting after the inflection point when technology is already a base technology


Introduced a remote measurement and control system based on VI, The system use PXI and DataSocket technology to achieve data acquisition and communication. With it's good flexibility and strong adaptability, the system can apply not only to lab teaching but also to more industry scene.


The errors of structural parameters are the important sources causing the errors in the construction control process of cable-stayed bridge.To analyze the sensitivity of influences of various structural design parameters on the completion status of the long span composite girder cable-stayed bridge,the Guanyinyan Changjiang River Bridge in Jiangjin was cited as an example,the finite element method was used to calculate the influence of each parameter on the geometric shape and stress of the main girder of the completion status of the bridge.The results of the calculation reveal that the weight of the main girder,fabricated length of the stay cables,weight of the deck plates and temperature differences have significant influences on the geometric shape and stress,however,the influence of elastic modulus of the deck plates and main girder on the completion status of the bridge is not great.


As per the United Nations' 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) "Sustainable cities & Communities" is vital for the healthy planet by 2030. Because nontackle population growth at city level causing to deforestation and it is outstripping for unsustainable cities as such for better livability. Since, 1990s, the decrement of non-built-up areas due to rapid urbanization directly cause for interrupting socio- ecological interaction & social ties among community in Sri Lanka. Recently, there is an emerging tendency on continuing community based agricultural sites as a social space for community gathering and interacting with variety of active physical activities as well to increase the urban fabric. The aim of the research is to investigate reinforcement of community garden for renewal community by studying diverse social and physical factors, evaluating functioning community garden in Colombo. The methodology of the study was comprised with onsite observations and in-depth interview and the data were qualitatively analyzed by using NVvio software. Accordingly derived 15 different social and 9 different physical factors from the community perceptions. Particularly, respondents having a desire to create a village and sense of place within the urban setting as SDGs rely.


The release of a Cys probe from the cavity of a water-soluble pillar[5]arene can be realized in an acidic microenvironment.


This paper proposes a method which can be used in history data storage and query.Undoubted,research on history data storage and query is of huge value in practical application,which includes many fields.For example,during implementation of wireless sensor network in environmental monitoring,it is necessary to query the static temperature during a time in some place,the history data query is essential.Two basic methods are referred: local storage and base station storage.Local storage requires for huge energy on data query and owns limited capacity,therefore,data is caused to lose easily;base station storage gains great capacity,but it costs quantity of energy either at storage.Both methods reveal their shortcomings obviously.This paper constructs the whole sensor network to R-Tree,and storage all sensor data in some range to the storage node.After dealer,the very old data will be sent to sink,and could be prevented from data losing.The experiment improves that this method is very efficient.


The first version of the tire simulation software Flexible ring Tire model (FTire) had been released in December 1998. Being subject to permanent improvement and several far-reaching model extensions since then, today it is one of the most widely used and generally accepted tire models for ride comfort, handling, and road load prediction. Strength of FTire is the strictly physical background, which perfectly fits both to Multi-Body Systems (MBS) and Finite Element Method (FEM) environments. Even though certain simplifications are unavoidable, this clean mechanical, thermo-dynamical, and tribological structure of the model guarantees a consistent and plausible model behavior even in situations that are not covered by respective measurements. The modelization takes into account most of the relevant excitation sources and non-linear transfer mechanisms, up to very high frequencies and extremely short wavelengths. The model's high level of detail is accompanied by a very comfortable program interface and a numerically robust and efficient solver. This allows the simulation of even extreme manoeuvres with moderate computation time. FTire can be used together with most of the important MBS packages and specialized vehicle dynamics programs. This contribution gives an overview on history, application, modelization, road models, parameterization, interfacing, availability, and future perspectives of FTire.


Considered here is the problem of an approximate solution of severely ill-posed problems represented in the form of linear operator equations of the first kind with approximately known right-hand sides and operators. For a class of the problems two methods of solving were constructed which consist in combination of Morozov's discrepancy principle and a finite-dimensional version of the ordinary Tikhonov regularisation. It is shown that the methods provide for the optimal order of accuracy without saturation. The efficiency of the theoretical results is checked by test example.


This research is motivated by the results of observations which show that the activities and writing skills of narrative essays by Grade IV students of Santaka Elementary School Cimanggung District, Sumedang Regency are still low. This is indicated by the low understanding of students in learning narrative essay writing skills and student activities that are classified as passive during learning. The purpose of this research is to improve the activities and writing skills of students' narrative essays by applying the Concept Sentence learning model. The research method used is PTK with Kemmis and Mc. Taggart. This research consisted of two cycles with 23 students. Based on the results of data analysis, it is known that the increase in student activity is seen from the average pre-cycle learning outcomes reaching 39%, then increasing in the first cycle after using the Concept Sentence model with an average of 70% and the second cycle reaching 83%. This shows an increase in student activity in learning to write narrative essays. The narrative essay writing skills in the initial conditions reached 26%, then increased in the first cycle with an average of 65% and in the second cycle reached 87%. This shows that the students' narrative essay writing skills have increased in each cycle with the application of the Concept Sentence model.


Value Engineering (VE) is a practice whose goal is, always, to achieve value for money. VE found its first applications in U.S. manufacturing at the end of World War II. Its introduction to construction in the early 1960s was fueled by the U.S. military and expanded throughout the U.S. government. Subsequently, its use has spread globally. The book goes beyond merely describing the theory of VE in order to explain how the methodology can be productively used in practice . it is hoped that the practice advice contained in its chapter will assist engineers , who are involved with establishing VE activities within their organization , it also aimed at assisting all those who may become involved with VE to participate more productivity by giving them greater appreciation of the basics of VE , and how it relates to other construction activities. Selecting the project at the appropriate stage of development (the timing of the study) is very important to the success of the VE study. Value can be added by performing a VE study at any time during project development.


We find that returns to occupational tenure are substantial. Everything else being constant, 5 years of occupational tenure are associated with an increase in wages of 12%-20%. Moreover, when occupational experience is taken into account, tenure with an industry or employer has relatively little importance in accounting for the wage one receives. This finding is consistent with human capital being occupation specific. Copyright © (2009) by the Economics Department of the University of Pennsylvania and the Osaka University Institute of Social and Economic Research Association.


The aim of this article is to reveal the main features of the right to academic freedom by analyzing theoretical aspects of this concept, some moments of its historical development, related case law, and the Turkish case. The first chapter considers the relationship between the right to academic freedom and the other human rights, its structure, and its place in legal acts. Then, the paper reveals the practical issues regarding the right to academic freedom, taking into account the most significant legal inter pretations of the concept of academic freedom in the form of legal judgments from U.S. and European courts. More precisely, the case law of the U.S. Supreme Court, European Court of Human Rights, and European Court of Justice is relevant in understanding how both sides of Atlantic Ocean understand the right to academic freedom. The third chapter considers the state of academic freedom in the Republic of Turkey. The case of Bogazici University is considered in an attempt to reveal the restrictive conditions of academic freedom in Turkey.


The following represents important legal facts designed to give innkeeper/ managers a better understanding of their rights, obligations, and liabilities that accrue when a bailment situation is set up with guests. Innkeepers must understand common law and statutory bailment law with respect to making restitution for a guest's personal property that is lost or damaged while a bailment is in effect. Innkeepers should develop specific written policies, maintain adequate training of employees and constantly audit strict employee adherence to those policies and to statutory requirements in the area of bailment law so as to lessen or eliminate their liability for the loss of or damage to a guest's property. Key Words: Bailment Situations, Conspicuous Posting, Statutory Law, Common Law, "Infra Hospitium," Limiting Recovery Statutes


Certainly only a relatively few species of the Pezizales have been studied in culture. I hope that this paper will stimulate more efforts in this direction. A few patterns are emerging from those species that have been cultured and have produced conidia but more information is needed. Botryoblastospores ( Oedocephalum and Ostracoderma) are frequently found in cultures of Peziza and Iodophanus (Pezizaceae). Aleurospores are known in Peziza but also in other genera. Botrytis-like imperfect states are known in Trichophaea (Otidiaceae). Sympodulosporous imperfect states are known in several families (Sarcoscyphaceae, Sarcosomataceae, Aleuriaceae, Morchellaceae) embracing both suborders. Conoplea is definitely tied in with Urnula and Plectania, Nodulosporium with Geopyxis, and Costantinella with Morchella. Certain types of conidia are not presently known in the Pezizales. Phialospores, porospores, annellospores, blastospores and a few other types have not been reported. The absence of phialospores is of special interest since these are common in the Helotiales. The absence of conidia in certain groups, e. g. Helvellaceae and Theleboleaceae may also be of significance, and would aid in delimiting these taxa. At the species level critical comparison of imperfect states may help clarify taxonomic problems and supplement other data in distinguishing between closely related species. Peziza, Plectania and perhaps Sarcoscypha are examples of genera where such studies might prove valuable. One large group of the Pezizales in desparate need of study in culture are the tropical species. Very few of these appear to have been cultured. Undoubtedly some surprises are in store for mycologists who culture tropical forms. Species of Rhizoctonia may also yield pezizaceous apothecia, as the study of Whitney & Parmeter (1964) has shown. Such cultural studies are laborous but must be undertaken if we are to ever approach complete understanding of this group of fungi.


In view of the difficulty of dehydrating of crude oil in the extra high water content stage,the three three-phase separators in Gudong oil production plant of Shengli Oilfied were reformed by Lanzhou Petroleum Machinery Research Institute with patent of America CE-NATCO.It was proved that the reform has made a satisfactory effect.The structural feature,interior components of separators and application condition of separators in the extra high water content stage were introduced.


Nowadays researchers are searching for a technology for organic waste management which should be cost effective, ecological sustainable with no adverse effect on environment and beneficial to the society too. Vermiculture appears to be a novel sustainable technology for waste treatment which has a great future in the field of organic waste management. This work focuses on the vermiculture technology or vermicomposting in which nontoxic organic residues of plant and animal wastes are used as substrates to produce vermicast. Organic wastes are converted into usable form of nutrients by organic process. Vermicompost increases the strength of plant growth and it also conditioned soil (Nyamunokara, 2014 & Manyuchi et al., 2014). Vermicomposting helps in degradation of solid wastes, and also it is a cost effective technique. It is a bio-oxidative process which mainly involves Eisenia foetida species of earthworms to carry out the process. In the current study recycling of organic waste like cowdung, dry leaves, domestic wastes etc., has been carried out where moisture content and temperature was maintained. The work focused on the factors that affect the earthworm growth rate in terms of change in length and mass during vermicomposting. Increasing the vermicomposting period, the substrate quantity and the cow dung composition increased the earthworm's length (Manyuchi & phiri, 2013).


From 1960 to 1990 the former Soviet-German Wismut company milled uranium ore and processed a total of about 110,000 t of uranium at the Seelingstaedt mill in Thuringia, Germany. As part of its mine closure program the state-owned Wismut GmbH is remediating the Culmitzsch Uranium tailings pond covering 2.4 km² (vol. 85 M m³). To date, the Culmitzsch tailings pond has been partly interim covered andre-contoured. Final covering, landscaping and vegetation including hydraulics constructions are foreseen to be completed by 2022. The paper presents experiences gained and conclusions from the management of contaminated waters within the overall water management of the site. In addition the paper presentson-site-monitoring results of ongoing tailings consolidation influencing the overall water management of the site. Experiences from water management and the major challenges for granting the future remediation progress for the entire site are discussed with regard to the technical conditions and legal restrictions for water release to the receiving streams and concepts for surface cover design. Finally the paper provides an outlook to the long term after remediation.


Cloud computing is a hot topic in the field of computer science nowadays. Due to the rapid growth of serverless functions also known as Lambda functions, it is easier than ever for people to utilize resources that would otherwise be out of reach because of both hardware and software requirements. It used to be, if you wanted to develop a website, for instance, you would have to either build your server or pay a hosting company to use their servers. And if you went with the option of building your own server, then you were responsible for security, scalability, maintenance, and the cost was high. However, those obstacles have been eliminated with the introduction of cloud computing and server-less function. Living in the world with these amazing technologies with the backing of cloud computing, we could not help but wonder how far we can integrate the software with hardware. Arduino IoT makes such technology possible.


A uniform suction system with modified flow meters to measure the respiration rate of 16 samples of fruits or vegetables and 1 control blank at the same time has been devised. It has a simple air inlet through towers containing concn. KOH and flakes of NaOH, and palm-type 17-way inlet and outlet manifold units at each end of the continuous gas stream assembly. The apparatus is efficient, simple and relatively inexpensive.


Abstract : Experimental results for the prototype and 1:5-scale physical model were compared to determine the effectiveness of the scaled model in predicting the structural and hydraulic responses of the Olmsted wicket Limited capabilities of the prototype experiments at the Smithland prototype facility demanded the physical model studies program at the U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station in support of the development of an analytical model. A direct correlation of the dry natural dynamic characteristics and the flow induced structural responses of the prototype and scaled model increased the confidence of the scaled model for flirther examination of the flow induced response paflem of the Olmsted dam for various flow and operating configurations A very good correlation between the corresponding mode shapes indicated the structural similarity of the prototype and scaled model. Flow induced time domain model and prototype responses for identical flow configurations corresponded very well in most cases. Inconsistencies were noted in hinge force data which was attributed to incorrect placement of hinge force transducers. A time scale factor was computed to adjust the kinematic dissimilarity of the prototype wicket. An improved correlation of acceleration and pressure data for both prototype and scaled model was obtained in the frequency domain. The composite gate has a much greater vibratory response than the prototype steel gate under similar operating conditions.


This study tries to give voice to the anguish and happiness that a teacher at the entry submitted during his career. Thus, we realize the following objective: to investigate the pedagogical work of the physical education teacher at the entry stage career in the municipal school Alvorada-RS. The statements collected by a semi-structured interviews, showed that entry into the career was marked by a lack of socialization experiences among his colleagues also beginners. As a consequence there was a devaluation on the part of the school, showing some suspicion about the knowledge of the beginning teachers to face the regency. Points are shown in disgust when it makes a connection with the involvement of students and parents, but there is a continuing desire for social change. This trait marks the continuity of the sense of discovery of a novice teacher observes that the problems of pedagogical praxis as challenges to be faced in the early teaching career.
Keywords: history teacher, brought in his career, novice teacher.


In this diploma thesis we have been observing the Modern trends in personnel management in the chemistry company. The first part discusses development and the latest trends in personnel management. The second part deals with application of these new modern trends. There are also discussed positives and negatives of this issue. In the practical part analyzed the expansion of trends in the company.


This presentation describes a workflow to enhance the 3D model of a geological outcrop cut across by a regional strike-slip fault located in the Venezuelan Andes.

This fault (Boconó Fault) has been active since the Early Holocene time and has affected the landscape by displacing the rivers course and the geometry of ancient glacial moraines.

One of these moraines (Los Zerpa) was studied in detail in 1983 by geologist C. Schubert, who described its evolution with a series of hand drawn panels.

In 2015 the same area was acquired by the author with a drone survey and rendered as a digital 3D model. More recently the same model has been improved by adding also the interpretation made in the 80’s, adapted to 3D in the form of geometrical elements (lineaments and surfaces) and animations showing the different stages of evolution.

The fault model can now be publicly accessed over the internet and the users can observe and animate its evolution in 3D and understand the geological processes more intuitively (https://riccardorocca.github.io/home/Los_Zerpa.html).

This result has been achieved by editing the original model with free software which is more typically used for computer games, namely "Blender" (a 3D editor) and "Sketchfab" (a publishing platform for 3D models). Furthermore, the “Sketchfab” display can be programmed in Javascript, adding widgets that allow the users to interact with the scene by hiding/showing/moving specific elements of the model.

This workflow is proposed as an example that can be applied to other 3D models of geological faults and other geological features, so that the geological concepts can be represented more intuitively and made accessible to a large audience. With these improvements the models would be a more valuable support to, for instance, published papers and virtual field-trips.


The purpose of the present study was to investigate the subjective auditory dimensions underlying the identification of short utterances as sarcastic. One-hundred fifty-one students were asked to identify the tone of voice in brief statements heard binaurally and intended to reflect neutral, sincere, and sarcastic tones. Participants also rated these statements on seven separate dimensions (clarity, tempo, resonance, pitch, pitch variation, intensity, and intensity variation). Results revealed that the sincere tone of voice was better identified than the sarcastic tone, which in turn was more easily identified than the neutral tone. The seven dimensions all produced significant differences in ratings among the three tones of voice. Finally, factor analysis showed six factors corresponding to characteristics of the rated dimensions. These findings support the conclusion that posed sarcasm is perceived through the integration of multiple subjective auditory features, similar to the interpretation of any other prosody.


In the present review the modern data on such universal physiological process as apoptosis is presented, the nature of apoptogenous signals and their reception is designated, the intracellular mechanisms of development and basic morphological displays of apoptosis are discussed.


Arctic summer sea ice has decreased dramatically over the last few decades, particularly in the summer months. The observed decline is faster than most CMIP5 models, but if internal variability is considered, models and observations are not inconsistent. With only one realization of reality in observations, it is difficult to disentangle the role of internal variability from the forced response. We directly compare one metric of internal variability by resampling both observations and models. So far we have compared five CMIP5 models from the CLIVAR multi-model large ensemble archive (CanESM2, CESM1, CSIRO MK36, GFDL ESM2M, and MPI ESM1). For the pan-Arctic, these models were found to have higher internal variability than observed by approximately 10-50% across models and seasons. Spatially, we find the variability in ice edge region is consistently modelled well in March. In September, although the member mean of the models shows both smaller absolute declines and smaller variation of such declines with resampling, the models have at least one member consistent with observations. This allows us to conclude that the models’ representation of this specific metric of internal variability is consistent with observations.


tian and ancient ethics; the range of alternate versions of the concept is also elicited from literature and medical science. These are important developments in their own right, although the greater universality of religious teachings upon the self within Scottish society—in the home, throughout everyday society, as well as institutionally on a Sunday—suggests this was the one theme that could, and perhaps should, predominate over philosophical summaries. Quibbling aside, there are some excellent observations made by the essayists when unearthing both personal and universal theorizing: the private formation of character is uncovered from William Smellie's dreams (Phyllis Mack); James Boswell's relationship with his father is seen to influence his depression as well as his Hypochondriac essays (Anthony LaVopa); and McKenna shows Adam Smith's rhetorical art of character to be complementary to his moral theorizing and to his version of a civilized capitalist society. Still, this analysis could, or again perhaps should, be framed through the developing eighteenth-century urban worlds within which "public life" was negotiated. Clubs and societies were practical forms, creating defined "character roles" through action. The empiricist may question whether character was informed more by philosophy or by face-to-face interaction. "Character" may distinguish one individual or self from another and, as Hume and Smith showed, be crucial to a sense of self. But character was also dependent on relations with others: character did not exist outside society because it was constituted and created by the perceptions of others and was acquired through regular interaction with them. Character could be "read" and vouched for—indeed, one's personal correspondence could be published (as discussed by Eva Travor Bannet), allowing the individual to "enter" and be "accepted" into civil society. Character, then, was a form of currency that crossed the ethical to the commercial (10–11) or was conceived as "a set of qualities and moral values developed and displayed in social relationships, through idioms of politeness" (125). And while the complexities inherent in universalizing personal and societal behavior will always struggle to account for uneven historical progress, answers begin to flow from conceptual and empirical periodization. Thus we can accept, as Sebastiani argues, that the Enlightenment literati followed Hume in rejecting climate theory as an explanation for national characteristics. Yet the interplay of science and society would resurrect some of these ideas within anthropological theory in the next century. Time and place, the old historian's standby, are powerful stimuli in intellectual formation. By stressing the mix of context and theory, I'm already thinking of enquiries kindled by this excellent volume—for undoubtedly this is a collection of character.


Selenium (Se) is a trace element essential to human health, and is abundant in marine foods consumed by Inuit populations in Nunavik (northern Quebec, Canada), leading to exceptionally high whole b...


Franchising involves grating and receiving business rights. In addition to the popular growth strategy for many businesses, franchising has emerged over the years as a pathway to wealth creation for entrepreneurs. In this chapter, the authors first discuss the information science of franchising, including franchisor/franchisee relationship and the essential indicators needed to pertain and flourish the good relationship and the inevitability of collaborative learning and innovation, which leads to the discussion of the working knowledge development among the franchisor and the fellow franchisees. Second, the authors discuss an attention-based IT infrastructure that will enable the knowledge sharing and dissemination between the franchisor and the franchisee.


The 3rd Plenary Session of 18th CPC Central Committee has promoted to "innovate the social governance system", which is a new idea of social construction and also demonstrates the new changes in the top-level design of CPC's social administration. At present, social administration is closely linked with information networks. The popularization of network will bring new changes to the traditional way of social administration, providing it with new external variable. On the one hand, the network promotes the informatization level of social administration, improving cadres' ability of network politics, and expands the ways of public communication and the modes of social administration, changing its traditional pattern thoroughly; on the other hand, government should accommodate the rapidly development trend of Internet and make good use of the rules of network communication to conduct the decision, communication and coordination of social administration, thus improving the level of social administration by using the internet as a platform to ask what people suggest and want. KEYWORD: Internet culture; Social administration; Innovative practice


In this paper, the geometric, optimizationbased, and Lavallee and Hidiroglou (LH) approaches to stratification are compared. The geometric stratification method is an approximation, whereas the other two approaches, which employ numerical methods to perform stratification, may be seen as optimal stratification methods. The algorithm of the geometric stratification is very simple compared to the two other approaches, but it does not take into account the construction of a takeall stratum, which is usually constructed when a positively skewed population is stratified. In the optimizationbased stratification, one may consider any form of optimization function and its constraints. In a comparative numerical study based on five positively skewed artificial populations, the optimization approach was more efficient in each of the cases studied compared to the geometric stratification. In addition, the geometric and optimization approaches are compared with the LH algorithm. In this comparison, the geometric stratification approach was found to be less efficient than the LH algorithm, whereas efficiency of the optimization approach was similar to the efficiency of the LH algorithm. Nevertheless, strata boundaries evaluated via the geometric stratification may be seen as efficient starting points for the optimization approach.


The plan for urban mobility in accordance with the principles of sustainable development includes a long-term strategy for the future development of the urban area and, in this respect, the future development of infrastructure and services in the areas of transport and mobility, or is associated with the existing strategy of this kind. This plan also includes an implementation plan for the implementation of a short-term strategy. This article presents the factors determining the choice of the user of public transport and to draw his attention to some issues that arise from the element management of the city. When the verification of the factors affecting the transport served survey, conducted on users of public transport city of Czestochowa.


Rare earth ions (Y3+,La3+,Nd3+) doped TiO<inf>2</inf> catalysts were prepared by the sol-gel method, and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). The photocatalytic activities of doped TiO<inf>2</inf> were evaluated with methylene blue degradation under UV light. The anatase to rutile phase transformation of doped TiO<inf>2</inf> was significantly inhibited by rare earth ions doping, and the inhibitory effect was related to ion radius with a sequence of La3+> Y3+> Nd3+. The doped rare earth ions were in form of rare earth oxides, which adsorbed on TiO<inf>2</inf> surface to efficiently separate charge carriers. Rare earth ion doping in TiO<inf>2</inf> can extend light absorption properties to the visible region, which indicates the reduced band gap position of doped TiO<inf>2</inf>. The content of doped rare earth ions was an important factor affecting photocatalytic activity. The optimum amount of rare earth doping is 0.1∼0.15wt%, at which the photo-reactivities of doped TiO<inf>2</inf> were about 20% higher than that of pure TiO<inf>2</inf>.


Purpose: The objective of the present study was to assess the effect of sonophoresis on the permeation rate of peptide dendrimers through human skin.


This study deals with lexical metaphor in HAMKA's Tenggelamnya Kapal Van Der Wijck. It was aimed at investigating the kinds of lexical metaphor used in the novel, to describe the lexical metaphor used in the novel, and to elaborate the reasons why those kinds of lexical metaphor used in the novel in that way. This study was conducted by using descriptive qualitative research. The sources of data were the novel of Tenggelamnya Kapal Van Der Wijck, published by Bulan Bintang, 213 pages, 26th edition, which containing of 28 texts printed in 2002, in Jakarta. The data obtained through purposive sampling technique with a focused on utterances containing of lexical metaphor. The instrument in this study was the researcher itself. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis technique, by describing the kinds of lexical metaphor, the realization of lexical metaphor, and the reason of using lexical metaphor contained in the utterances in the novel were analyzed using the Systemic Functional Language approach.The result showed that there are six concepts of lexical metaphor, namely nominal-verbal, nominal-nominal, nominal-adjective, nominal-verbal/adjective-circumstance, verbal-adjective, verbal-verbal. The dominant type of lexical metaphor in the novel is nominal-verbal the aimed to beautify or describe his literature and to describe his feeling and thought. The reason of lexical metaphor used in the novel is to describe about the culture of Minangkabau at that time which was not relevant to the social freedom and human rights in marriage, in addition to show the emotion such as sense of love, hate, anger, pleasure, and so forth of the characters in the novel who live in an environment that has a powerful custom, and to describe that this novel is a fictitious story that comes from the imagination of author associated with social and cultural life of Minangkabau society in the past time. In this study, there are new findings; the new concept of verbal-adjective and verbal-verbal.


In this paper, we investigate secure communication for an untrusted relay network, in which a source equipped with $N_{S}$ antennas communicates to $M$ users with the help of an untrusted relay. To protect the data confidentially while concurrently relying on the untrusted relays, joint antenna and user selection scheme has been proposed with the aid of cooperative jamming. Furthermore, the impacts of both the number of antennas and the number of users on system performance are studied. Both the secrecy outage probability (SOP) and ergodic secrecy rate (ESR) are derived in closed form, and the secrecy diversity order of the considered networks is proved to be $\displaystyle \min(N_{S},\ M/2)$. Compared with the traditional single antenna and single source-destination scenario, both SOP and ESR can achieve a great improvement owing to the mutual effects of antenna diversity and user diversity. In addition, numerical results are conducted to demonstrate the validity of the proposed scheme.


(57) Abstract: the metal ions in solution, discloses a hydrogen peroxide, a novel method and apparatus for cleaning the waste water containing a large amount of solids, such as particulate solids of greater than about 50 mg / l . Carbon adsorption column, to remove the hydrogen peroxide in the wastewater feed containing a large amount of solids. Ion exchange unit, to remove metal ions from the solution. The method and apparatus, to remove metal ions such as copper from the byproduct polishing slurry containing the resulting and large amounts of solids from the chemical mechanical polishing of integrated circuit microchips (CMP), environmentally clean wastewater effluent generated.


ABSTRACT Corrections staff experience high levels of stress in their jobs, often leading to turnover, absenteeism, psychosomatic diseases, and burnout. Stress can contribute to myriad professional and personal challenges such as depression, poor physical health, family conflict, and decreased life/job satisfaction. In efforts to develop wellness trainings specifically for corrections staff, the Pennsylvania Department of Corrections (PADOC) conducted a small, exploratory pilot test of a mindfulness training program with a randomized sample (N = 56) of facility- and community-based corrections staff. Without correcting for multiple tests in exploratory analyses, assessments collected at baseline and approximately 4 weeks later found statistically significant differences for several of the 19 questionnaires, specifically addressing mindfulness, fatigue, positive affect, decision-making, and resilience. After applying a Bonferroni correction, significance disappeared. This small exploratory pilot suggests the potential of mindfulness training for improving several functional domains in corrections staff in efforts to increase wellness.


Over the last year, Family Medicine has engaged in a robust dialog about what society needs from the family physicians of the future, and what the implications are for Family Medicine residency education. A national summit to give recommendations for the major revision of Family Medicine residency requirements was held on December 6 to 7, 2020 and the articles are being revised for publication in a dedicated issue of Family Medicine. As this article comes out, the Accreditation Council of Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) Family Medicine writing group is beginning to draft new standards for residencies. The process will take a year or more, with iterative review at many levels by the ACGME, the specialty and the public. In any curricular change, it is important to start with the end in mind. What does the American Board of Family Medicine (ABFM), as one of the stakeholders, want to get out of the major revision of the residency requirements major revision process? As most understand, the ACGME accredits residencies, whereas the ABFM certifies individuals. The 2 organizations are independent but work closely together. ABFM generally accepts as Board eligible those who have completed a Family Medicine residency. As a result, the ABFM is keenly interested in improving residency education, having supported 2 national trials in residency innovation and worked closely with the ACGME Family Medicine Review Committee to reduce disparities in knowledge assessment. ABFM believes that American health and health care are at a critical junction.Despite 15years of "innovation and transformation" and health care reform, life expectancy is now dropping, and there are major emerging clinical and health care problems. Family physicians represent the most numerous and widespreadofpersonal physicians:ABFM'smajor emphasis is thus assuring that family physicians leave residencies equipped to address these problems and lead the changes society needs inhealth andhealth care.


A soil–pot culture experiment was conducted to study the individual and interactive effects of zinc (0, 5, and 10 mg kg−1 soil) and boron (0, 0.75, and 1.5 mg kg−1 soil) on growth, enzymatic activity, nutrient uptake, seed reserve content, and yield in wheat (var. HD2285) in a soil deficient in available zinc and hot water–extractable boron. Although the application of zinc and boron alone significantly increased the plant height, grain yield, total dry-matter yield, tissue zinc, and boron content in maize, maximum increase was obtained with the combined application of zinc and boron. The activities of enzymes peroxidase and starch phosphorylase decreased as compared to untreated control but the activity of carbonic anhydrase increased. Protein, starch, and phytate content of grains also increased with the application of the micronutrients. Moreover, in the absence of zinc, application of boron decreased the starch content of grains.


Since antiquity, the human arterial pulse represents an important parameter in the clinical assessment. Besides being routinely assessed in the medical practice, such pulse is not observed in its completeness yet, once many of the data obtained through it cannot be evaluated using conventional methods. Taking into account such methods, the measurement of arterial blood pressure using sphygmomanometry, although broadly widespread in the assessment and follow-up of patients who require accompaniment of their cardiovascular status, is not able to properly guide about parameters related to the central hemodynamic status, the latter most strongly associated with cardiovascular risk. Such incapability is due to the centrifugal augmentation of the pressures taken at different points of the arterial bed, based on the properties of the closed arterial system through which the blood flow travels. In this context, methodologies capable of assessing central parameters estimated using the pulse wave analysis, such as applanation tonometry, represent a promising adjuvant for evaluating patients with cardiovascular diseases, by providing detailed information concerning hemodynamic parameters otherwise inaccessible. In this scenario, the present review focuses on the applanation tonometry and its assessment on the radial artery, highlighting the importance of this method in the cardiovascular assessment, as well as its relevance in the clinical practice, when determining parameters peripherally obtained capable of estimating the central hemodynamic status.


A Josephson 2-bit arithmetic logic unit (ALU) is presented. A four-junction logic (4JL) gate-family is used in the ALU circuit. The ALU circuit is designed based on a dual-rail logic to perform both the arithmetic and the logic functions. The circuit was fabricated with Nb/Al-oxide/Nb tunnel junctions using a 3- {\mu}m minimum line width technology. For each 16 functions, the circuit was completely confirmed in consistent logic operations. The operating time was measured to be 165 ps in the arithmetic function of subtraction, A minus B . Power dissipation was estimated to be 581 {\mu}W in the circuit.


Introduction: In universities, a traditional lecture style has shown to be less effective in helping students learn compared to a more active approach to teaching and learning. Previous research has stated that passive learning triggers a shift to a more superficial style of learning that is associated with a lower level of cognitive skill. Active learning is defined as activities that students do to construct knowledge and understanding. An active learning concept known as deep reading has been suggested to improve academic performance. In recent studies, deep reading was utilized in graduate science courses and was shown to enhance reading and comprehension skills as well as increasing overall academic ability. Objective: In this study, the aim was to assess how deep reading impacted a student's self-perception of their understanding of course material in a graduate-level physiology course. Methods: Over a six-week period, 23 graduate physiology students participated in weekly deep reading assignments that correlated with the material taught in class that week. At the end of each week, students filled out an evaluation form indicating how they felt their assigned reading impacted their understanding of the material taught in class. Results: Results indicated that almost 70% of the class agreed that deep reading helped in understanding the course material. Student feedback data showed frequent use of the words "understanding," "enjoyed," "relevant," and "helped." Students who spent between 0-2 hours per week deep reading gave positive feedback. Individuals who spent more than 2 hours per week indicated negative feedback and perceived that deep reading counteracted their understanding of course material. Conclusion: The data implies that student understanding of material was improved with 0-2 hours of deep reading per week. More than 2 hours of deep reading per week had a countereffect. Excess time spent reading could have caused students to lose sight of the important concepts from the articles and thereby eliciting a negative effect and more confusion. Some, 1-2hrs, seemed to be helpful, however, more had a detrimental effect on learning. Future studies should aim to have more consistency in the difficulty of reading materials between students. Addition of comprehensive reading questions could also be implemented to assess student understanding. Overall, we found in this study that deep reading, when used in moderation, was effective in helping students learn and see real-world application of concepts learned in class This is the full abstract presented at the American Physiology Summit 2023 meeting and is only available in HTML format. There are no additional versions or additional content available for this abstract. Physiology was not involved in the peer review process.


Trends in international economics such as globalization and environment degradation put imprints upon economics both on theoretical and practical grounds. The article emphasizes two concepts that attract more and more the interest of economists and put in question the Economics as known until now. Corporate social responsibility and social enterprises are evolving very quickly and seem to get their legitimacy in practice. The author tries to connect the two concepts finding that their final goals seem alike, despite their different nature.


The ubiquitous least squares method for systems of linear equations returns solutions which typically have all non-zero entries. However, solutions with the least number of non-zeros allow for greater insight. An exhaustive search for the sparsest solution is intractable, NP-hard. Recently, a great deal of research showed that linear programming can find the sparsest solution for certain 'typical' systems of equations, provided the solution is sufficiently sparse. In this note we report recent progress determining conditions under which the sparsest solution to large systems is available by linear programming. Our work shows that there are sharp thresholds on sparsity below which these methods will succeed and above which they fail; it evaluates those thresholds precisely and hints at several interesting applications.


Interactive and digital learning experiences are becoming increasingly important and used to improve various learning scenarios. In physics education, the use of digital simulations or virtual laboratories to support the learners' understanding is already part of most classrooms. Virtual reality experiences can be used to create even more exciting, engaging, and realistic learning setups to conduct experiments and work with simulations. A range of studies has shown a positive effect of virtual reality experiences for learning. In this paper, we explore the potential of physics education in virtual reality in school-based classroom scenarios. We present a study with 147 high school students from four different schools, to evaluate the potential of room-scale VR learning setups in classroom learning with a focus on engagement and learning experience and focus on dandifying potential use cases for learning experiences in schools from the students' perspective. In this study, we found that students described the experiences as highly engaging and a valuable tool to increase motivation in classrooms. They would rather use VR for learning in the classroom than at home. They prefer a PC-based VR setup over a mobile phone setup. Four main identified use cases for using VR in classrooms from the students' perspective are evaluated and discussed.


Brown rice is whole grain rice, with the inedible outer hull removed; white rice is the same grain with the hull, bran layer and cereal germ removed. Red rice, gold rice, and black rice (sometimes known as purple rice) are all whole rices, but with a differently-pigmented outer layer. Any type of rice may be eaten whole. Whole rice has a mild, is softer, and preferred particularly by children. Brown rice generally needs longer cooking times than white rice, unless it is broken or flourblasted (which perforates the bran without removing it). Parboiled rice is a modified process that forces into the kernel some of the vitamins found in the hull before the hull is removed. The process provides more nutrition than white rice while shortening the time necessary for final meal preparation. Some white rices are also fortified. Brown rice has a shelf life of approximately 6 months, but hermetic storage, refrigeration or freezing can significantly extend its lifetime. Freezing, even periodically, can also help control infestations of Indian meal moths.


The present paper considers how to teach mathematical concepts. In particular, we aim to a balanced, unified achievement for three elements of concept loaming such as concept understanding, computation and application through one's mathematical intuition. In order to do this, we classify concepts into three patterns, that is, intuitive concepts, logical concepts and formal concepts. Such classification is based on three kinds of philosophy of mathematics : intuitionism, logicism, fomalism. We provide a concrete, practical investigation with important nine concepts in theory of vectors from the viewpoint of three patterns of concepts. As a consequence, we suggest certain solutions for an effective concept learning in teaching theory of vectors.


Left sided gallbladder is a rare entity and can be associated with other anomalies of portal vein and biliary system. It can be dangerous as it can create clinical confusion and hence radiological identification with the help of CT scan or USG is of great importance. A 60 years old lady, presented with pain and tenderness in the epigastrium and right hypochondrium, on USG got diagnosed with acute cholecystitis. Intra operatively she was found to have a gangrenous left sided ectopic gallbladder (GB). The incidence of ectopic GB is only 0.1-0.7% and can be found in wide range of locations including the lesser omentum, the retro-duodenal area, falciform ligament, abdominal wall muscles. Mal-positioning of the gallbladder can confound presenting signs and symptoms of the disease creating technical problems during surgical procedures and hence it is advised to always resect it out whenever diagnosed.


The process of English teaching is not only a process of language learning,but also a process of teacher-student and student-student communication and exchange of emotions and knowledge.Non-intelligence factors such as interest,emotions and situations are the key factors that promote the language communication among students in English teaching.A lot of examples are used in this essay to explain how teachers,based on senior high school English textbooks,try to hold the interest of students by deep thinking,giving directions,broadening their horizons to create the English learning environment where students' knowledge and emotions are blended to stimulate students' analytical and innovative thinking ability,lead students to learn English actively and effectively and to improve the level and quality of the teacher-student and student-student communication.


To solve the problem that it is difficult to install isolation resistors across each output port, a new five-way microstrip Wilkinson power divider with double-layer topology is developed. The isolation resistors are placed on the second substrate by using half-wavelength microstrip transmission lines with the introduction of Archimedean spirals to reduce the circuit size. To demonstrate the design method, a five-way equal power divider is designed; its size is optimized at the center frequency of 2.45 GHz. The fabricated sample has been tested. Measured results are in good agreement with simulations.