We have analyzed tritium room air monitor failure data from the Tritium Systems Test Assembly (TSTA) failure/maintenance data base to produce hourly failure rates. These room monitors continuously check the building air for tritium contamination and are set to signal the Master Data Acquisition and Control (MDAC) computer and, on the highest radiation alarm, will isolate the Test Cell ventilation system and actuate the evacuation alarm. These monitors must function for successful facility operation. This room monitor failure data analysis was made possible due to the collection and collation of two important types of data: failure reports and operating times. The TSTA staff has been very supportive in their tasks to collect, complete, and store these data. We used a classical Poisson distribution to calculate hourly failure rates for several monitor failure modes. The failure mode-specific failure rates for the room monitors were significantly lower than fusion screening data and were comparable to the generic nuclear fission power plant radiation monitor failure rates. While these data agree well with our expectations, more effort is still needed to collect actual fusion component failure rate data, which are necessary to support accurate fusion facility reliability, availability, and risk analyses.


Despite the overall favourable early outcomes of endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR), the need to identify and prevent complications unique to this management modality, such as endoleak, graft migration and structural graft failure, remains a challenge. The ability to maintain lifelong surveillance after EVAR is a wellrecognized issue and remains a necessary consideration in preoperative planning. With a 30–50% annual risk of rupture associated with abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) measuring >8.0 cm, prompt recognition and repair are paramount. We report the management of a giant non-ruptured AAA measuring 16.5 cm in an elderly male who was lost to follow-up after undergoing EVAR. A 67-year-old male underwent EVAR for an asymptomatic 89 89 mm AAA using a Cook Zenith Endograft (TFFB-26-11). His background included asbestosis, hypertension and hypercholesterolaemia. He had no history of cardiovascular disease but had a strong family history with both father and brother deceased at young ages from cardiac disease. The aneurysm neck measured 19–20 mm, with a less than 60 angulation anterolaterally. The right common iliac artery (CIA) was ectatic measuring 23 mm. His anatomy was fitting within the manufacturer's instructions-for-use. Open repair was explored with the patient; however, EVAR was performed based on the patient's preference. He was followed up at 3-monthly intervals post-operatively with regression of sac size and no endoleak identifiable on duplex ultrasound (US). At 24-month surveillance, a type 2 endoleak (T2E) was noted with marginal increase in sac size measuring 83 85 mm (compared to 79 81 mm on previous surveillance US). He underwent selective angiography, identifying a T2E via the lumbar arteries. This was effectively treated with transarterial Onyx embolization, with surveillance angiography demonstrating


The author takes a close look at the e-books opened and used on a single day, September 24, 2013, on one academic e-book platform: MyiLibrary. Library users from 584 libraries in 39 countries across every continent began 15,954 sessions on the platform that day. The chapter is not a deep statistical study; it relies less on data and more on the detail of reader sessions to form impressions, make observations, raise questions, and present e-book reading. This brief glance at the activity on this aggregator's platform sheds light on how, when, and even a hint at why users are opening e-books. The glance also looks at the day's statistics on the numbers of books that were only opened and those that were used more heavily.


Nanocrystalline Ni-P alloy samples consisting of the compound Ni3P and Ni solution with different grain sizes were synthesized by crystallization of the amorphous alloy. The lattice parameters of the Ni3P nanophases with grain sizes ranging from 80 to 6.0 nm were measured by X-ray diffraction. It was found that for the nanometer-sized Ni3P phase, the lattice parameter a is always larger and c is smaller than the equilibrium values a 0 and c 0 of the perfect crystal lattice respectively. With a reduction in the grain size, the value of a increases and c decreases, resulting in more significant lattice distortion. The origin of such lattice distortion was analyzed according to the thermodynamic state of th6 nanometer-sized crystallites.


Purpose of review Ventral penile curvature occurs in both hypospadias and so-called 'chordee without hypospadias', and so its correction is a topic of relevance to pediatric urologists. Recent findings Dorsal plication and ventral corporal incision with grafting are the two most commonly used methods to straighten ventral penile curvature. Urethral plate elevation from the corpora has previously been reported to reduce bending, and in the past year this maneuver has been combined with ventral corporal grafting or with dissection of the formed urethra to the bulb to achieve straightening while conserving the plate for urethroplasty. Summary Continuing innovation in hypospadias surgery offers additional options for straightening the congenitally bent penis.


With the advancement in the innovated technologies, optimum efficiency of spark ignition (SI) engine can be accomplished during the entire engine operating range, particularly at part load. In this research, a novel control-oriented extended mean value engine model (EMVEM) of the Atkinson cycle engine is proposed, wherein the Atkinson cycle, variable valve timing (VVT), overexpansion, and variable compression ratio (VCR) characteristics are incorporated. For this purpose, an intake valve timing (IVT) parameter is introduced, which has a vital role in modeling the inclusive dynamics of the system and to deal with engine performance degrading aspects. The proposed model is validated with the experimental data of a VVT engine, obtained from literature, to ensure that the proposed model has the capability to capture the dynamics of the Atkinson cycle engine, and engine load can be controlled by IVT parameter, instead of the conventional throttle. The potential benefits of late intake valve closing (LIVC) tactic and copious integrated characteristics are appreciated as well. Furthermore, simulation results of the developed model primarily indicate the reduction in the engine part load losses and enhancement in thermal efficiency due to overexpansion, which has a great significance in the enhancement of the performance, fuel economy, and emissions reduction. Besides, the constraints on LIVC and overexpansion become evident.


In social networks, one of the most essential problems is predicting existence or formation of a link between nodes. Traditional structure based link predicting algorithms leverage node properties such as degree and centrality and relation between nodes such as common neighbors and paths. Most of these algorithms rely on visibility of the entire or significant portion of the network structure, node centrality and shortest distance between nodes often require global knowledge. This work uses a back propagation neural network to predict existence or emergence of a link between pairs of nodes using node pair properties such as reciprocity, transitivity and shared neighbors. A limited network visibility by individual nodes is assumed, hence the size of the node pair feature vector varies with the given visibility range. This approach is tested on a large social object centered trust network where visibility is limited to two hops, 828 accurate predictions out of 1000 pair of nodes is achieved.


Image fusion integrates complex information about a target scene from multiple sensors into a single image. The fused image can further be utilized for human perception or different machine vision tasks. In the case of infrared and visible images, infrared images have the advantage of capturing thermal radiation intensity, whereas visible images are superior in gradient texture. In order to effectively fuse thermal intensity of infrared image and texture advantage of visible image, we propose a novel fusion method based on L0 decomposition and intensity mask. The proposed method first acquires base and detail layers of images (visible & infrared) using L0 decomposition. Next, an intensity mask is obtained using the basic global thresholding method on base layers of infrared image. The layers (base layers and detail layers) and visible images are divided images into three parts by the use of intensity mask, namely, mask-base layers, mask-detail layers, and texture-background. The first and second parts effectively achieve intensity blending, whereas the third part achieves the fused image with a clear gradient texture. The proposed method shows superior performance when compared with five state-of-the-art methods (on publicly available databases).


Highly multibranched gold nanostars were obtained by a room-temperature synthesis assisted by deep-eutectic solvents (DES). The concentration of the ascorbate ions and the presence of water in the solution were found to both have a profound influence on branch formation. A growth mechanism of the nanostar is therefore proposed from the analysis of the particle dimensions, the aspect ratio of their protuberances, and the gold crystal size. These spiky nanoparticles would find an application as conductive filler in polymeric piezoresistive composites, based on a tunneling conduction mechanism.


According to the complexity about assessment of emergency resource requirement, the unitized emergency management thought was introduced in this paper. A disaster area was divided into some disasters' units, so the whole requirement of the area was contented by meeting the demand of each unit. The arriving time and demand quantity of emergency resources was considered to be as constraint conditions, and then the mathematical model was built. An example was demonstrated to the practical significance of the dispatch model.


The dryer 1 comprises a housed in a housing 13 peripheral circuit 2, 3 for process air P, which circuit 2, 3, at least one leak-affected region 11 having 12, wherein the outside of at least one leak-prone area 11, an overpressure can be generated 12th


The physicomechanical property and rheological behavior of plastic grouting material made of superfine cement are studied by model test.The plastic grouting material can resolve the problems of great losses of grouting material for steel reinforced concrete,blocking problem in drainage system and the high cost in the course of casting the concrete.The expected effect is achieved.


The main goal of this paper is to generalize some Li-Yau type gradient estimates to Finsler geometry in order to derive Harnack type inequalities. Moreover, we obtain, under some curvature assumption, a general gradient estimate for positive solutions of the heat equation when the manifold evolving along the Finsler Ricci flow.


Figure 1. A picture of the trunk, showing extensive erythema with sparing of the abdominal and axillary skin folds, producing the ''deck-chair'' sign. Dear Editor, Papuloerythroderma of Ofuji is characterized by widespread pruritic solid flat-topped papules coalescing into erythroderma which spares the skin folds. The prominent sparing of the skin folds of the trunk has been termed the ''deck-chair'' sign. Although the deck-chair sign is a classic feature of papuloerythroderma, this sign has been reported in other diseases. Herein, we report an unusual case of generalized erythema with the deck-chair sign which responded to bath psoralen and ultraviolet A (PUVA) therapy. A 74-year-old Japanese woman presented with a 3-year history of slightly pruritic erythema on the abdomen and lower extremities. Treatment with topical corticosteroid was ineffective, and the erythema spread over the trunk and extremities. There was no personal or family history of atopy. She had been taking amlodipine besylate for the treatment of hypertension for 5 years. She did not take any other potential causative medicine or supplements. Examination showed slightly scaly erythema or thin plaques on the trunk and extremities. There was a sparing of the skin folds on the chest and abdomen, resulting in the deck-chair sign (Fig. 1). There was no lymphoadenopathy or hepatosplenomegaly. Histological examination of an erythema of the left upper arm showed mild hyperkeratosis, focal acanthosis, vacuolization of the basal cell layer of the epidermis, epidermotropism, small Pautrier microabscesses, and infiltration of lymphocytes in the upper dermis (Fig. 2). Some of the lymphocytes had slightly hyperchromatic and irregularly-shaped nuclei. Immunohistochemical staining of the lymphocytes showed a normal ratio of CD4 lymphocytes and CD8 lymphocytes. Direct immunofluorescence examination was negative for


Wireless mesh networking (WMN) is an emerging technology that uses multi-hop communications to provide cost-efficient broadband Internet access for community or enterprise users. With the increasing popularity of content distribution and multimedia applications, efficient rate allocation and QoS support become essential for the wide deployment of wireless mesh networks.
In this dissertation we discuss several research topics related to rate allocation and QoS support in wireless mesh networks. First we propose a framework named QUOTA for QoS support and fair rate allocation in CSMA/CA based wireless mesh networks. Our framework uses contention graphs and Network Utility Maximization (NUM) to perform admission control and rate allocation. Simulation results show that our framework successfully guarantees the QoS of real-time flows and fairly, efficiently allocates bandwidth for elastic flows in different wireless mesh network scenarios.
Second we propose a framework that performs rate allocation for multicast and unicast traffic in TDMA based wireless mesh networks using Network Utility Maximization. In addition, a graph coloring based scheduling algorithm is proposed to realize the allocated rates. Simulation results show that our framework provides guaranteed throughput and low delay for both multicast and unicast traffic. Furthermore, our framework significantly outperforms a previously published framework that has a similar objective.
Third we propose a routing algorithm for minimum length schedule in multi-channel TDMA based wireless mesh networks. We consider network scenarios where multiple orthogonal channels are available. With a channel assignment algorithm to eliminate secondary interference, we are able to use a scheduling algorithm that yields the minimum length schedule given a specific routing tree. We then propose a heuristic routing algorithm that aims to build the routing tree that results in the minimum length schedule. Our routing algorithm performs significantly better than simple routing algorithms, which are based on Breadth First Search or Dijkstra algorithms.
Fourth we propose a path selection metric for mobile stations in IEEE 802.16 Mobile Multihop Relay (MMR) networks to select appropriate paths to the base station. The proposed path selection metric, Normalized Number of Minislots (NNM), effectively takes all the factors that affect the end-to-end achievable throughput into consideration. Simulation results demonstrate that our metric yields better performance in terms of throughput and delay compared to existing path selection metrics, especially when networks have high traffic load.


PT XYZ is a manufacturer and produce a heat excahanger. The production process at PT XYZ takes over two production area that is creating component production and line production. The problems that happened PT XYZ is in the area of line production is about the many operator activities that not effective or as a category waste. Waste that happaned on the line production is waste transportation and waiting. An improvement that can be done to remove both waste is by using those method design facility layout and work time measurement. The facility layout design method used to decrease the movement of goods from 258 meters to 180 meters, decrease also happened to the cost of the materials handling from Rp 63,936 to Rp 41,688.


Reaction of the linear triosmium carbonyl cluster [Os3H(CO)11(η2-C6F5NNNC6F5)] with [Os3(CO)11(NCMe)] in hexane at 60 °C under vacuum afforded the 'spiked' tetraosmium cluster [Os4(µ-H)(CO)14(η2-C6F5NNNC6F5)]1. Reaction with [Os3(CO)10(NCMe)2] in CH2Cl2 at room temperature gave the 'spiked' hexaosmium cluster [Os6(µ-H)(CO)21(NCMe)(η2-C6F5NNNC6F5)]2. Cluster 2 is reactive and converts into the 'spiked' pentaosmium cluster [Os5(µ-H)(CO)17(η2-C6F5NNNC6F5)]3 and a known cluster [Os5(CO)16] respectively when heated with and without C6F5NNNHC6F5. Clusters 1 and 3 were characterized by single-crystal X-ray crystallography. The structure of 1 consists of a triangular unit with a Os(CO)3(η2-C6F5NNNC6F5) portion 'spiked' equatorially to it. The two nitrogen atoms in the triazenide ligand occupy an axial and an equatorial position in the Os(CO)3(η2-C6F5NNNC6F5) group. The hydride ligand bridges, in a cis manner, the Os–Os edge where the Os(CO)3(η2-C6F5NNNC6F5) portion is attached. The structure of 3 adopts a '4 + 1 spiked' geometry hitherto unknown. Its metal core consists of a planar 'kite-like' Os4 unit with the Os(CO)3(η2-C6F5NNNC6F5) portion 'spiked' to one of the equatorial co-ordination sites of an osmium atom. The two nitrogen atoms in the triazenide ligand and the hydride are bonded as in cluster 1. Based upon 13C NMR studies, the structure of cluster 2 in solution was also deduced to have a 'spiked' feature with the linear triosmium fragment Os3(CO)11(η2-C6F5NNNC6F5) bound to one atom in the osmium triangle at an eqatorial co-ordination site. The transformation of cluster 2 and the formation of cluster 1 are also briefly discussed.


The Ohio Supreme Court has moved to improve the quality of legal representation for indigent defendants facing the death penalty.' Common Pleas Superintendent Rule 65 (hereinafter C.P.Sup.R. 65)2 is a three-part rule used to determine and regulate the minimum standard qualifications required for an attorney to be eligible for court-appointment as legal counsel for indigent defendants charged with capital offense crimes.3 C.P.Sup.R. 65 delineates the specific eligibility requirements for court-appointed counsel, both on the trial5 and the appellate level .6 The Rule also establishes the Committee on the Appointment of Counsel for Indigent Defendants in Capital Cases (hereinafter Oversight Committee) and provides guidelines for its operation.7 Finally, the Rule identifies the proper procedure for appointing counsel, 8 for notifying the Oversight Committee of the appointment9 and for providing support services to counsel.i0


In the field of adaptation studies, few scholars have it down so clearly as Oscar, the world's most prestigious film award; as far as Oscar is concerned, assessing adaptations presents no major problem, since they can be easily separated from non-adaptations, or: Original Screenplays, to use Oscar's terminology. It may best be left to the imagination of the reader whether the Academy Awards have managed to solve the question of originality, in spite of adaptation theory's continued insistence on die fact that "there is no such thing as an autonomous text or an original genius that can transcend history" (Hutcheon 111), or whether they have not really bothered to ask it in the first place. By focusing on one of the Original Screenplay award's most recent winners, writer-director Woody Allen (whose script for Midnight in Paris won him his third Academy Award in that category, following past wins for Annie Hall and Hannah and Her Sisters, respectively), this essay will discuss Oscar's clear-cut distinction between Original and Adapted Screenplays, which is not shared by a number of other award ceremonies.1 I will argue that Midnight in Paris is not only an adaptation that went unnoticed by the Academy voters, but that it also delivers a highly satirical take on Hollywood's adaptation policy in general, which fails to conceptualize adaptations in a wider sense, that is, beyond a legal term to avoid copyright infringements. This interpretation shares an aim frequently articulated within adaptation studies at the moment, as scholars like Simone Murray have attempted to look beyond mere textual analysis and to foreground "those issues usually pushed to the margins of adaptation studies work: the industrial structures ... and legal and policy regimes within which adaptations come to be" (6). Therefore, I will draw attention to some major inconsistencies at the heart of the world's most prestigious award bestowed upon screenwriters. In the process, I will address the topic of adaptation with regard to Allen's oeuvre, an aspect that tends to be overlooked in favor of auteur rhetoric.The Screenplay Policy of the Academy AwardsAlthough the design of the Oscar statuette itself reflects the movie industry's indebtedness to screenwriters,2 and although the screenplay category is included in the list of the "Big Five" categories (Best Picture, Director, Actor, Actress, Screenplay), which so far only three films have managed to win,3 the importance bestowed upon screenwriters within the annual award show seems to reflect their stereotypical image as the "lowliest on the Hollywood food chain" (Murray 150). They are not discussed in detail in any of the book-length studies dedicated to the history of the Academy Awards either (cf. Levy; Kinn and Piazza).Nowhere is the dilemma more evident than in the televised Academy Award ceremony: While there are separate program slots to honor more prestigious but similarly related categories such as Best Actor and Actress, or Best Song and Original Score, the two awards for screenwriting are usually covered by the same presenter and are not granted a prestigious slot. Although the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) acknowledges writers by showing photographs of them when the nominations are read out-an honor that is not bestowed upon nominees in minor categories such as Best Documentary-the common practice of having the presenter read out a short passage of secondary text before showing a dialogue exchange on screen is, at best, unintentionally funny. The practice is even oddly reminiscent of a joke Allen makes in his short story, "Spring Bulletin" (1967), when he talks about the history of theater:[Bjefore the invention of italics, stage directions were often mistaken for dialogue, and great actors frequendy found themselves saying, "John rises, crosses left." This naturally led to embarrassment and, on some occasions, dreadful notices. (Allen, The Compkte Prose 203)Hollywood's ineptitude to grant its screenwriters an appropriate spot in the limelight during the Academy Awards appears somewhat baffling, for screenwriters have been included in the honors list since the ceremony's inception in 1928. …


An analysis of crystal structures of a series of fluoro-substituted phenylboronic acids is presented. Interplay between the structure of a basic H-bonded dimeric R22(8) synthon and a higher-order supramolecular organization is highlighted. The elucidation of hydrogen bonds formed by the boronic B(OH)2 moiety is supported by energy calculations based on a one-dimensional H-bond model as well as by Hirshfeld surface analysis. The results revealed that intramolecular O–H···F hydrogen bonds are insignificant compared to O–H···O ones in dimers in controlling the syn–anti conformation of the boronic group. Depending on the strength of H-bonds in the basic motif, forces constituting so-called large synthons change from O–H···O hydrogen bonds to stacking interactions. This differentiation entails the twist of the boronic group with respect to the phenyl ring. The large synthons serve as main building blocks for three-dimensional structures either by their close packing or by the aid of weak secondary interaction ...


Background— Evidence suggests that longer-term exposure to air pollutants over years confers higher risks of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality than shorter-term exposure. One explanation is that the cumulative adverse effects that develop over longer durations lead to the genesis of chronic disease. Preliminary epidemiological and clinical evidence suggests that air pollution may contribute to the development of hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods and Results— We used Cox proportional hazards models to assess incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for incident hypertension and diabetes mellitus associated with exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and nitrogen oxides in a cohort of black women living in Los Angeles. Pollutant levels were estimated at participants' residential addresses with land use regression models (nitrogen oxides) and interpolation from monitoring station measurements (PM2.5). Over follow-up from 1995 to 2005, 531 incident cases of hypertension and 183 incident cases of diabetes mellitus occurred. When pollutants were analyzed separately, the IRR for hypertension for a 10-&mgr;g/m3 increase in PM2.5 was 1.48 (95% CI, 0.95–2.31), and the IRR for the interquartile range (12.4 parts per billion) of nitrogen oxides was 1.14 (95% CI, 1.03–1.25). The corresponding IRRs for diabetes mellitus were 1.63 (95% CI, 0.78–3.44) and 1.25 (95% CI, 1.07–1.46). When both pollutants were included in the same model, the IRRs for PM2.5 were attenuated and the IRRs for nitrogen oxides were essentially unchanged for both outcomes. Conclusion— Our results suggest that exposure to air pollutants, especially traffic-related pollutants, may increase the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus and possibly of hypertension.


Cooperative communication is one of the fundamental technologies for the future wireless networks including 5G to improve communication reliability and enhance spectrum efficiency. In this paper, we consider a buffer-aided relay that performs opportunistic selection of the legitimate users in presence of an eavesdropper under physical layer security constraints. The channel state information of users are subjected to delays in the feedback channel. Closed form expression for outage probability is derived based on link selection scheme. Numerical results present the minimized secrecy outage probability by optimizing selection parameters. It is found that although feedback delay degrades the performance, the increase in number of legitimate users helps to improve the performance by exploiting multiuser diversity.


If we are to encourage the use of research evidence in policy and practice, our notion of research quality must go wider than the robustness of the research itself. We need to address both internal and external validity. Therefore, 'evidence‐based policy and practice' has a simple logic which belies the complexity of the relationship. It is both a difficult and challenging one, which demands change in culture and practice on both sides in order to achieve its potential. There are many examples of the positive contribution that research, and researchers themselves, can make and some positive evidence that barriers are being addressed. We argue for a continued effort on both sides, so that the contribution that research can make to policy and practice can be fully realised.


Chronic Linphoci+c Leukemia is the most common type of leukemia in adults. It represents 25 to 35 % of all kinds of leukemia and affects more men than women. It is characterized by accumula+on of mature B cells in blood, secondary lymphoid organs and bone marrow. It is a very heterogeneous disease, with a wide clinical development, from nearly asymptoma+c with slow progressive expansion, to very aggressive, with quick evolu+on of the disease and an average survival of one or two years. Lymphocytosis


This paper describes the recent findings on two-fluid effects on magnetic reconnection in plasmas with variable collisionality in the MRX (Magnetic Reconnection Experiment) plasmas [M. Yamada et al, Phys. Plasmas 4, 1936 (1997)]. The MRX device has been upgraded to accommodate a variety of reconnection operation modes and high energy density experiments by increasing its capacitor bank energy and extending the discharge duration. As our experimental operation regime has moved from the collisional to the collision-free, two-fluid effects have become more evident. It is observed that the 2-D profile of the neutral sheet is changed significantly from the rectangular shape of the familiar Sweet-Parker type to a double wedge shape as the collisionality is reduced and the reconnection rate increases. The recent evolution of our experimental research from the magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) to the two-fluid analysis is presented to illuminate the physics of Hall MHD in a collision-free reconnection layer. In particular, a clear experimental verification of an out-of-plane quadrupole field, a characteristic signature of the Hall MHD, has been made in the MRX neutral sheet, where the sheet width is comparable to the ion skin depth. It is important to note that the Hall effect, which occur due to 2-D laminar flows of electrons in the reconnection plane, is observed together with the presence of low and high frequency magnetic turbulence, which often has 3-D structures. These observations in MRX have striking similarities to the recent magnetospheric measurements of reconnection region, in which the quadrupole component has also been detected together with magnetic fluctuations.


In the paper we consider the quadratic assignment problem arising from channel coding in communications where one coefficient matrix is the adjacency matrix of a hypercube in a finite dimensional space. By using the geometric structure of the hypercube, we first show that there exist at least n different optimal solutions to the underlying QAPs. Moreover, the inherent symmetries in the associated hypercube allow us to obtain partial information regarding the optimal solutions and thus shrink the search space and improve all the existing QAP solvers for the underlying QAPs.Secondly, we use graph modeling technique to derive a new integer linear program (ILP) models for the underlying QAPs. The new ILP model has n(n−1) binary variables and O(n3 log(n)) linear constraints. This yields the smallest known number of binary variables for the ILP reformulation of QAPs. Various relaxations of the new ILP model are obtained based on the graphical characterization of the hypercube, and the lower bounds provided by t...


This research based on sustainability management of lubuk larangan by community Pangkalan Indarung Village. The purpose of this study was to analyze the management process from planning, organizing, implementing and controlling of lubuk larangan by community Pangkalan Indarung Village and determine the factors that affect the sustainability of the management lubuk larangan by community Pangkalan Indarung Village District Kuantan Singingi. This research method is qualitative method with a descriptive explorative approach. The method used in this research is descriptive exploratory qualitative approach that describes the process of sustainable local wisdom management of lubuk larangan. It also examines the factors that affect the sustainability of local wisdom management lubuk larangan by community Pangkalan Indarung Village District Kuantan Singingi. The results of research showed that the community Pangkalan Indarung Village been successfully managing lubuk larangan sustainable management process that includes planning related to setting goals, strategies and development of management activities; related institutional aspects of traditional institutional and organizational aspects of customs, duties and functions of the organization and coordination of organizational structure; implementation of the related fish harvest event of lubuk larangan; and supervisory violations related to the prevention of customs agreements and illegal fishing. Sustainability management of lubuk larangan by community Pangkalan Indarung Village influenced by several factors, among other ecological factors related to ecological conditions lubuk larangan conformity with local fish habitat; socio economic factors associated lubuk latangan as a source for the construction of public facilities; Socio cultural factors related lubukarangan recognition as a right ulayat desa and adaptation of social capital in management system of lubuk larangan; and factors related to the role of government to the granting of legal and technical guidance on the conservation of river resources. Keyword : management, local wisdom, imbo laghangan


The effect of Nb addition on the precipitation and precipitate coarsening behavior was investigated in Ti and Ti + Nb steel weld HAZ. A dilatometer equipped with a He-quenching system was used to simulate the weld thermal cycle. Compared to TiC y N 1-y precipitate in a Ti containing steel, Ti x Nb 1-x C y N 1-y complex particle with addition of Nb is precipitated in a Ti + Nb containing steel. Meanwhile, precipitate coarsening occurred more easily in Ti + Nb steel, which may be because the high temperature stability of Ti x Nb 1-x C y N 1-y complex particle is deteriorated by the Nb addition.


Evolutionary origin and ecological niche may impact how earthworm species affect N cycling. Tall fescue (Lolium arundinaceum (Schreb) S. J. Darbysh) infection with the toxic endophyte Neotyphodium coenophialum Glenn, Bacon & Hanlin (E+) may influence earthworm communities in soil compared to non-toxic endophyte (NE+) infected tall fescue. Conversely, different earthworms may contribute different amounts of N to E+ vs. NE+ tall fescue. A field survey was conducted from January 2007 to January 2008 to determine the impact of E+ and NE+ tall fescue, planting date, and seasonal variables, e.g. soil temperature and moisture, on earthworm species, abundances, and population age structure. Laboratory studies were conducted using 10-cm dia. cores filled with 20 cm of Captina silt loam and E or NE tall fescue litter and plants. Cores contained no worms, native, endogeic Diplocardia meansi, non-native, endogeic Aporrectodea trapezoides or anecic Lumbricus terrestris, or a mix of native and nonnative earthworms. Litter in E+ cores was labeled with N to trace the movement of N from litter into earthworms, soil and live plants. Soil, microbial, dissolved total, organic, and inorganic N concentrations, and microbial activity were measured in E+ and NE+ cores to determine changes in N pools from the activities of different earthworm species. Endophyte type did not result in different adult earthworm populations. Dissolved N pools, but not plant uptake, was higher in the presence compared to the absence of earthworms. Earthworm origin and ecological group did alter N availability under E+ but not NE+ tall fescue. While fescue pastures can be converted to NE without altering earthworm communities, introduction of non-native earthworms can alter N cycling. Anecic earthworms increased nitrate to a greater extent than endogeic earthworms under E, but not NE+ fescue. Further investigation of aboveground-belowground interactions in NE+ and E+ tall fescue systems is warranted.


The National Confidential Enquiry into Patient Outcome and Death (NCEPOD)—an independent UK body that does audits designed to assess and improve patient care—announced plans last week to review reporting procedures for adult autopsies ordered by coroners.

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An autopsy in progress

Credit: MEDISCAN

The study will assess the quality of pathologists' reports on adult autopsies requested by coroners, which account for 90% of postmortem examinations in the United Kingdom. It will …

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A new general genetic programming (GP) schema theory for headless chicken crossover and subtree mutation is presented. The theory gives an exact formulation for the expected number of instances of a schema at the next generation, either in terms of microscopic quantities or in terms of macroscopic ones. This paper gives examples which show how the theory can be specialised to specific operators.


The theory of Lacan on the end of analysis is discussed. He suggests that the drive of the subject in analysis is the real being of the subject, which encourages an alienation of love and desire.


Autism spectrum disorder is a neurodevelopmental illness marked by chronic difficulties with mutual social interaction and communication, as well as restricted or repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities. ASD symptoms commonly appear in early childhood and can be identified by the age of 2 years. Early detection of ASD allows for better therapeutic interventions and management, which has been shown to lessen children's long-term intellectual, behavioral, and functional deficits while also improving family consequences. In the present review, we are focusing on important psychophysiological aspects of autism spectrum disorders.


A fresh volume apiece for three of America's greatest men is a jackpot for American history buffs. The editors of these majestic documentary publications projects have once again opened new sources of information and insight to all who desire to know about the emergence of this country as an independent nation, through the agency of its great men who committed their country to a new set of individual and social values.


Abstract Bromination reaction of 2′-NHR-3,4′-methylenedioxychalcone (1) and 2,3-dihydro-2-(3′,4′-methylenedioxyphenyl)-4(1H)-quinolone (7) with bromine and N-bromosuccinimide are discussed. Depending on the character of the R group and on the reagent used nuclear or side-chain brominated or side-chain bromo-methoxylated products were obtained.


Objective: To find out an economical way for synthesizing lonidamine on industrial production scale. Methods: Lonidamine was synthesized from acetylphenylhydrazine by the reaction with chloral hydrate, hydroxylamine hydrochloride and sodium sulphate to form N-acetylaminoisonitrosoacetanilide, which was subsequently hydrolyzed to form 1H-indazole-3-carboxylic acid after Beckmann rearrangement and ring closing reaction. 1H-indazole-3-carboxylic acid reacted further with 2, 4-dichlorobenzyl chloride to give the product lonidamine. Results: Structure of Lonidamine was confirmed by element analysis, IR and 1HNMR. Conclusion: This method is economical and convenient for industrial production.


It is shown that the experiments on solar neutrinos can be accounted in terms of the Mikheyev-Smirnov-Wolfestein theory with ∆m2=6×10−6eV2 and sin2 2θ=7×10−3. In the scenario proposed here the high energy neutrinos, from 8B, have a survival probability around 1/3, the intermediate ones, around the 7Be line a very small one ~ 2×10−3 and the low energy neutrinos, the ones coming from pp reactions, do not oscillate.


We present the leptonic decay constants fDs and f D+ computed on the MILC collaboration's 2+ 1 flavor asqtad gauge ensembles. We use clover heavy quarks with the Fermilab interpretation and improved staggered light quarks. The simultaneous chiral and continuum extrapolation, which determines both decay constants, includes partially-quenched lattice results at lattice spacings a 0:09, 0:12 and 0:15 fm. We have made several recent improvements in our analysis: a) we include terms in the fit describing leading order heavy-quark discretization effects, b) we have adopted a more precise input r1 value consistent with our other D and B meson studies, c) we have retuned the input bare charm masses based upon the new r1. Our preliminary results are fDs = 260 10 MeV and fD+ = 217 10 MeV.


The investigation of this work was done in order to contribute a training proposal to the Educational Institution Infant Jesus of Prague in extracurricular field with children in fourth and fifth years of basic education that belong to the oratory.
Being the oratorio an educational space for strengthening human and Christian values, it needs to develop its activity by organizing objectives Contents related and evaluative criteria. The educational proposal contributes to this alternative training contents breakdown into three chapters.
Chapter one part of a diagnosis involves the collection, consolidation of information and interpretation of the results the product of a survey of selected groups of children, teachers and parents of the institution.


The reform of foreign language education makes people rethink the importance of foreign language teachers' education and development.As higher vocational colleges are different from regular universities in many fields,the education and development of their foreign language teachers should have their particularity apart from the similarity with ordinary universities'. This article aims at discussing the needs,contents of and approaches to teachers' education and development in higher vocational colleges.


In recent years, three main trends have appeared as driving forces for the automotive industry: electrification, connectivity and automation. Any of these three trends could trigger a massive wave of change in the industry, but it is the vehicle automation that is truly disruptive, not only for the industry itself regarding technology, development, liability or business models but also for the society as a whole in terms of businesses, job market, urbanism, infrastructure, legislation ... However, although several companies have already demonstrated prototypes of highly automated vehicles, there is still a long road ahead. Most of these vehicles are built by adding appropriate sensors and computing units to an existing vehicle. However, for a series-produced, true level 5 vehicle, functional aspects such as safety and dependability have still to be integrated into a full validated commercial platform. Therefore, a lot of effort is being devoted to investigate and develop vehicle architectures able to deliver level 5 performance with required security and safety industry standards at an acceptable cost. In this paper, we present a review of several vehicle architectures proposed, and discuss trends for future implementations of complete EDS (Electric Distribution Systems) or E-Systems specifically focused on automated driven vehicles (ADV) and considering both data and power networks. Requirements for future HW and SW platforms will also be discussed. 1 EDS State-of-the-Art 1.1 Control & Communication Traditionally, automotive E-Systems have been built by assigning each function to a specific dedicated electronics control unit (ECU) and connecting these ECUs through communication buses organized in different domains for body, powertrain, chassis and/or infotainment. Vehicle domains were introduced for the connection of ECUs with a close functional relationship and similar safety and communication latency requirements. Some authors refer to this kind of EDS organization as federated architecture, term borrowed from avionics [1] [2]. In recent years, the number of domains has been growing in parallel to the number of functions. To deal with new requirements and functions in the vehicles, the usual approach was to add an additional ECU every time a new feature required additional processing capabilities. While this strategy has been pretty effective to date, it has a number of limitations and weaknesses as the number of ECUs in a vehicle grows. Every additional ECU adds direct costs to the vehicle aside to the associated costs needed to design, develop and validate this new ECU. Furthermore, the functional requirements of new functions / ECUs do not allow for integration in the existing domains (due to lack of communication bandwidth or quality of service), the existing domains have to be extended or additional communication systems have to be used. In order to permit inter-domain communication, at least one gateway is needed. In most implementations of the EDS, a main central gateway is present. This gateway is also the main external interface of the EDS to the exterior world for diagnostics and reprogramming, through an OBD diagnostics connector, first with CAN and more recently through Ethernet. One generic example is shown in Figure 1. Figure 1. Currently exemplary vehicle EDS with central gateway Since the mentioned drawbacks for this kind of architectures were evident from early implementations, already in 2004, several OEMs, tier-1, tier-2 and research centers, collaborated in the pioneering European-funded project EASIS (Electronic Architecture and System Engineering for Integrated Safety Systems). EASIS [3][4] focused on the developing an open and standardized dependable in-vehicle fault-tolerant electronic architecture framework (reference model in both dependable SW and HW platforms). From topology point of view, EASIS proposed to use a hierarchically structured full redundant backbone architecture based on FlexRay as shown in Figure 2. On the backbone bus, all inter domain relevant signals are provided and, therefore, changes and extensions are relative easy to manage. In the backbone architecture, there exist several gateways that only have to handle two domains each, and therefore the complexity of a central gateway is avoided. Fault tolerant requirements lead to the replication of signals on different channels (space domain) and communication slots (time domain). Figure 2. EASIS System Architecture with fault tolerant chassis and powertrain domains This kind of architecture has an additional characteristic that significantly departs from the conventional architecture: the possibility to have (at least) some decoupling of the logic architecture from the physical one. For instance, high level control functions could be located in any of the master domains, where the relevant information is available and necessary resources exist (processing power, memory, ...), provided that the backbone network is fast enough. In this sense, the use of a time-triggered protocol helps to secure the dependability of the whole function. To author's knowledge, the first commercial implementation of this kind of domain-based electrical architecture with communication backbone was introduced by Volvo Cars with the name Scalable Product Architecture (SPA) in the 2015 XC90 [5]. The SPA main features are Autosar 4.0 with a FlexRay backbone. FlexRay was employed instead of Ethernet due to the maturity of both technologies when the architecture was designed, but should be straightforward to replace the FlexRay by Ethernet. One critical aspect to have scalability is to keep the backbone load at low level (such as a 50%). In the case of SPA architecture, and due to the information preprocessing in the domains, FlexRay bus loading is only between 35% and 40% because the bus mainly transmits the results of the sensor evaluation, but not the sensor raw data [5]. The SPA strategy includes the segregation of active safety and propulsion, with the purpose of prepare the EDS for automated driving option (as we will see later) and the separation of physical concerns, e. g. exposure of communication busses and data integrity. IN other words, the physical domains are different from the logical [5]. Additionally, vehicle layer software is pushed to the domain controllers, simplifying requirements on cluster ECUs. These strategies reduce the complexity of the architecture, even with increased functional content and number of ECUs.


The international community has hailed South African state president, F.W. de Klerk, a 'liberator'. De Klerk liberalised the political process and deracialised aspects of state and society. But how committed to racial reform are be and his government? The regime's policies, strategies and tactics over the last two years raise many concerns that the international community has either baulked or simply ignored. The argument that the government must be rewarded and encouraged is fallacious. The South African government reacts only to pressure. The international community acted prematurely by lifting some sanctions and is undermining the prospects for a post‐apartheid society based on equal rights.


The stable quicklime burden is essential to improve the sinter ore quality based on the analysis of quality before and after belt change at No.2 sintering workshop.


Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) can result in significant cognitive deficits and spatial memory impairments that can prevent over half of IVH patients from returning to work after recovery. The mechanism of this memory decline, however, is incompletely understood.

 To understand the role of mechanical trauma caused by rapid ventricular expansion vs the presence of blood components, such as thrombin, in IVH deficits, we developed a rodent model of IVH by injecting 200 μL of autologous arterial blood into the animals' ventricles. The IVH animals' memories were then assessed along with sham (no injection), vehicle control (200 μL aCSF), and intraventricular thrombin (IVT) (20 U thrombin in 5 μL aCSF) animals using Morris water maze.

 The IVH group performed worse on this spatial memory task compared to all other groups, indicating that ventricular expansion and presence of blood components both contribute to memory deficits. Based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) results, the IVH group was also the only group that developed persistent hydrocephalus. Contrary to our hypothesis that the cognitive deficits of IVH are due to decreased hippocampal neurogenesis, we did not find any statistical difference in the numbers of dentate gyrus progenitor cells (labeled with BrdU and DCX) or neurons (labeled with NeuN) between the different groups. The number of microglia (labeled with Iba1) was also compared among the groups and found to be not statistically different. The microglia in IVH and vehicle control animals, however, were found to have significantly lower fractal dimension (P < .001) and higher lacunarity (P < .001) numbers compared to those of sham animals, indicating a more activated state, likely caused by the mechanical trauma.

 Based on our results, persistent hydrocephalus microglial activation seem to be the drivers of spatial memory deficit after IVH.


Background Impaired right ventricular (RV) pulmonary artery coupling has been associated with higher mortality in patients with chronic heart disease, but few studies have examined this metric in critically ill patients. We sought to evaluate the association between RV pulmonary artery coupling, defined by the ratio of tricuspid annular peak systolic tissue Doppler velocity (TASV)/estimated RV systolic pressure (RVSP), and mortality in cardiac intensive care unit patients. Methods and Results Using a database of unique cardiac intensive care unit admissions from 2007 to 2018, we included patients with TASV/RVSP ratio measured within 1 day of hospitalization. Hospital mortality was analyzed using multivariable logistic regression, and 1‐year mortality was analyzed using multivariable Cox proportional‐hazards analysis. We included 4259 patients with a mean age of 69±15 years (40.1% women). Admission diagnoses included acute coronary syndrome in 56%, heart failure in 52%, respiratory failure in 24%, and cardiogenic shock in 12%. The mean TASV/RVSP ratio was 0.31±0.14, and in‐hospital mortality occurred in 7% of patients. Higher TASV/RVSP ratio was associated with lower in‐hospital mortality (adjusted unit odds ratio, 0.68 per each 0.1‐unit higher ratio; 95% CI, 0.58–0.79; P<0.001) and lower 1‐year mortality among hospital survivors (adjusted unit hazard ratio, 0.83 per each 0.1‐unit higher ratio; 95% CI, 0.77–0.90; P<0.001). Stepwise decreases in hospital and 1‐year mortality were observed in each higher TASV/RVSP quintile. The TASV/RVSP ratio remained associated with mortality after adjusting for left ventricular systolic and diastolic function. Conclusions A low TASV/RVSP ratio is associated with increased short‐term and long‐term mortality among cardiac intensive care unit patients, emphasizing importance of impaired RV pulmonary artery coupling as a determinant of poor prognosis. Further study is required to determine whether interventions to optimize RV pulmonary artery coupling can improve outcomes.


This article presents findings from an investigation of businesses owned and managed by African American families in the Los Angeles area. Its dual purposes are to identify salient characteristics and to explore commonly held assumptions about African American family businesses and their owner-managers. Several widely held beliefs about African American family businesses were not supported.


AIM: To explore the efficacy and safety of Bupropion combined with Lithium Carbonate in the treatment of bipolar depression.METHODS: An open prospective randomized study was applied in this research which lasted 8 weeks.78 inpatients meet the diagnosis criteria of DSM-IV were divided into two groups,one group(the research group,n=40) were treated with Bupropion combined with Lithium Carbonate,the other group(the control group,n=38) were treated with Lithium Carbonate only,HAMD-17 was applied to evaluate the efficacy on the baseline and the end of 1st,2nd,4th,8th week,the BRMS was applied to evaluate the mania state,while the TESS and laboratory tests were applied to evaluate the side effects.RESULTS:HAMD scores of both group declined significantly at the end of 4th and 8th week respectively(P0.01),but there were no significant difference between two groups(P0.05).HAMD scores of research group were lower than those of control group at the end of 1st,2nd week(P0.05).There were no significant difference at the end of 8th week of remission rate and response rate between two groups(90% vs 89.5%,62.5% vs 60.5%,P0.05),while the research group had a greater rate at the end of 2nd week(30% vs 10.5%,20% vs 2.6%,P0.05).There were no significant difference in side effects and cases switching to mania between two groups.CONCLUSION: Either Bupropion combined with Lithium Carbonate or Lithium Carbonate only would be effective and safe for bipolar depression,but the former can cut down the initial time to become effective and would not increase the risk of turning to mania.


Argument-based machine learning provides the ability to develop interactive learning environments that are able to automatically select relevant examples and counter-examples to be explained by the students. However, in order to build successful argument-based intelligent tutoring systems, it is essential to provide useful feedback on students' arguments and explanations. To this end, we propose three types of feedback for this purpose: (1) a set of relevant counter-examples, (2) a numerical evaluation of the quality of the argument, and (3) the generation of hints on how to refine the arguments. We have tested our approach in an application that allows students to learn by arguing with the aim of improving their understanding of financial statements.


This article deals with the electromagnetic (EM) planning of static and passive EM skins (EMSs) in complex urban scenarios to improve the EM coverage of the base-station (BTS) antenna by means of a set of multihop (MH) cascaded reflections. Toward this end, an innovative system-by-design (SbD)-based method is developed where wireless links of arbitrary "depth," which are implemented through multiple anomalous cascaded reflections, are optimized. Representative numerical results, concerned with real-world scenarios, are analyzed to assess the capabilities and the potentialities of such an instance of the so- called smart EM environment (SEME).


Cargo-carrying mobile elements (CCEs) are genetic entities that transpose diverse protein coding sequences. Although common in bacteria, we know little about the biology of eukaryotic CCEs because no appropriate tools exist for their annotation. For example, Starships are fungal CCEs whose functions are largely unknown because they require time-intensive manual curation. To address this knowledge gap, we developed starfish, a computational workflow for high-throughput eukaryotic CCE annotation. We applied starfish to 2, 899 genomes of 1, 649 fungal species and found that starfish recovers known Starships with >95% precision and accuracy while expanding the number of annotated elements ten-fold. Extant Starship diversity is partitioned into 11 families that differ in their enrichment patterns across fungal classes. Starship cargo changes rapidly such that elements from the same family differ substantially in their functional repertoires, which are predicted to contribute to diverse biological processes such as metabolism. Many elements have convergently evolved to insert into 5S rDNA and AT-rich sequence while others integrate into random locations, revealing both specialist and generalist strategies for persistence. Our work establishes a framework for advancing mobile element biology and provides the means to investigate an emerging dimension of eukaryotic genetic diversity, that of genomes within genomes.


Increasing experience in diagnosis of congenital heart disease has directed attention to variants of the more common anomalies. This is particularly true of those congenital lesions producing left-to-right shunts with associated pulmonary hypertension. At present, cardiac catheterization is the only method by which pulmonary hypertension can be quantitatively demonstrated. Recent papers by British investigators have suggested roentgen criteria which are useful in recognizing pulmonary hypertension in mitral valvular disease (1-5). No reports have yet appeared, however, concerning the roentgen manifestations of pulmonary hypertension in congenital heart disease. The purpose of the study to be presented here was to determine whether the roentgen criteria established for pulmonary hypertension in acquired cardiac disease can be applied also to congenital lesions. Review of Literature Attinger (6) in 1948 called attention to the loss of normal pulmonary aeration as a means of distinguishing overfilling of the...


Although the number of influencers is increasing and being an influencer is one of the most frequently mentioned career aspirations of young people, we still know very little about influencers' motivations and actual practices from the HCI perspective. Driven by the emerging field of Human-Food Interaction and novel phenomena on social media such as Finstas, ASMR, Mukbang and live streaming, we would like to highlight the significance of food influencers as influential content creators and their social media practices. We have conducted a qualitative interview study and analyzed over 1,500 posts of food content creators on Instagram, focusing on practices of content creation, photography, staging, posting, and use of technology. Based on our findings, we have derived a process model that outlines the practices of this rather small, but influential user group. We contribute to the field of HCI by outlining the practices of food influencers as influential content creators within the social media sphere to open up design spaces for interaction researchers and practitioners.


In Chapters 2 and 3, we have considered optical systems with uniformly illuminated (i.e., with uniform amplitude across) circular and annular pupils, respectively. Systems with nonuniform amplitude across their exit pupils are referred to as apodized systems. Often, the transmission of a system is made nonuniform by placing an absorbing filter at its entrance or exit pupil in order to reduce the secondary maxima of its PSF. The word apodization in Greek means "without feet" implying without or at least reduced secondary maxima. The purpose in reducing the secondary maxima is to improve the resolution of the system.

In this chapter, we consider optical systems with Gaussian apodization or Gaussian pupils, i.e., those with a Gaussian amplitude across the wavefront at their exit pupils, which may be circular or annular. The discussion of this chapter is applicable equally to imaging systems with a Gaussian transmission (obtained, for example, by placing a Gaussian filter at its exit pupil) as well as laser transmitters in which the laser beam has a Gaussian distribution at its exit pupil. In the case of an imaging system, we are interested in its PSF, i.e., the irradiance distribution of the image of a point object. In the case of a laser transmitter focusing a beam on a target, we are interested in the irradiance distribution in the target plane or the focal plane of the beam.

It is evident that whereas a Gaussian function extends to infinity, the pupil of an optical system can only have a finite diameter. The net effect is that the finite size of the pupil truncates the infinite-extent Gaussian function. It is shown that the Gaussian illumination of the pupil broadens the central disc and reduces the secondary maxima of the Airy pattern obtained for a uniform pupil. The corresponding OTF is higher for low spatial frequencies and lower for the high. As in the case of uniformly illuminated pupils, here too the principal maximum of axial irradiance of a focused beam with a small Fresnel number lies at a point that is inside and not at the geometrical focus. However, maximum central irradiance on a target at a fixed distance is still obtained when the beam is focused on it. If the Gaussian function is very narrow (i.e., its standard deviation is very small) compared to the radius of the pupil, it is said to be weakly truncated. In essence, the pupil can be assumed to be also infinitely wide with the result that a Gaussian beam exiting from the pupil remains Gaussian as it propagates. The standard deviation of an aberration for a Gaussian pupil is smaller compared to that for a uniform pupil. This is due to the fact that the wave amplitude decreases as a function of the radial distance from the center of the pupil but the aberration increases, i.e., the amplitude is smaller where the aberration is larger. Accordingly, the Strehl ratio for a Gaussian pupil for a given amount of a primary aberration is higher than that for a uniform pupil, or the aberration tolerance for a given Strehl ratio is higher for a Gaussian pupil.


We show that cyclical skill mismatch, defined as mismatch between the skills supplied by college graduates and skills demanded by hiring industries, is an important mechanism behind persistent career loss from graduating in recessions. Using Norwegian data, we find a strong countercyclical pattern of skill mismatch among college graduates. Initial labor market conditions have a declining but persistent effect on the probability of mismatch early in their careers. We provide a simple model of industry mobility that is consistent with our empirical findings. The initially mismatched graduates are also more vulnerable to business cycle variations at the time of graduation.


The utility model provides a car is anti to hit novel safe girder, includes girder main part and controller, the front end both sides of girder main part set up well kenozooecium respectively, and the kenozooecium internal stability is equipped with and inflates the cylinder in each, each the front end of inflating the telescopic link of cylinder stretches out well kenozooecium parallel connection and connects to the rear end of the flexible bumper of a stand alone type, respectively inflates logical air through tube intercommunication to the electronics pump of cylinder, the electron pump is fixed in the girder main part, electron inflation pump connected is to the controller, the controller is connected to the main circuit of vehicle, be equipped with the air spring gasbag between the flexible bumper of two telescopic links and stand alone type respectively, the air spring gasbag leads to air through tube and is connected to the electron pump, therefore, the utility model discloses simple structure, loading and unloading and maintenance facility, the easy transformation to having the vehicle now just can provide multiple protection, can in time provide whole vehicle and passengers inside the car's safety protection, has the practicality.


We determine all binary cyclic codes of length 2n with n odd which are Nechaev-Gray (1989, 1991) images of cyclic codes over Z/sub 4/ and we present several families of such codes.


The purpose of this thesis is to acquaint future band and orchestra directors with a successful, thoroughly "tried and tested" plan of building an instrumental program within the music department. This thesis presents the technique of instrumentating the senior high school band by planning an instrumental program from the first grade to the time the band student reaches the senior high school level.


There has been much research into novel routes of drug delivery as well as novel dosage regimens using conventional routes. Development and assessment of these regimens should be based on pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic principles familiar to anaesthesiologists. These approaches may allow easier continuation of concurrent medication in the perioperative period and administration of analgesic, sedative, anaesthetic and vasoactive drugs as well as neuromuscular-blocking agents in anaesthesia and intensive therapy.


BACKGROUNDMSU is the fourth largest public university in Kentucky and located in the state's fastest growing county. In 2003, MSU adopted a strategy to reposition itself from a regional brand to a national and international brand, and a first-class performing arts center was seen as a way to enhance the status of MSU and its surrounding communities. In September 2011, Center for the Arts opened on the MSU campus. It is a 2,100-seat Broadway-capable, Broadway-quality theater with a "fly system" and a 60-foot by 24-foot stage proscenium, as well as a configurable "black-box" theater with seating up to 250.The nearest performing arts center is the Flagship University Center for the Fine Arts, 25 miles away, which was built in 1979 and has a seating capacity of 1200. The next closest is the Martin Center at Central College, 45 miles away, which is an internationally acclaimed performing arts center with a seating capacity of 1470. The Martin Center hosts outstanding guest artists, touring productions, symphony orchestras, and hosted Vice Presidential Candidates debates in 2000 and 2012.POOLING RESOURCESFrom the beginning, MSU included local government officials in developing plans for the Center for the Performing Arts. MSU's share of the construction cost had to be appropriated through specific authorization by the state legislature. Since, the financial situation of the state was in poor shape at the time, with no likelihood for improvement in the foreseeable future, a strategy was developed to pool funding from two city governments (Richland and Bergen), one county government (Macon), and the state government via MSU. The state legislation authorized the creation of a 13-member Community Oversight Board for the Center with representatives of MSU, the cities of Richland and Bergen, and Macon County to oversee the design, construction and operations of the Center. The joint organization of the Center was the subject of a presentation at the fifth annual Best Practices in Building University/City Relations Conference, hosted by the International Town & Gown Association and Iowa State University. ("Center for the Performing Arts ...," 2010)MSU had two powerful allies in the state legislature, Harry Matherly and Ed Wardly. Matherly was the MSU Vice President for Finance & Administration and Chairman of the House Appropriations Committee, and Wardly, a Richland native and MSU alumnus, was the minority leader in the state senate. Matherly and Wardly, ushered the bill through the legislature. During the drafting of the bill, Matherly inserted a provision stating that oversight control of the Center would be jointly shared by a Community Operations Board comprised of representatives from Macon County, City of Richland, City of Bergen, and MSU, and that the Board would be responsible for hiring the Center's Executive Director.After the bill was signed into law by the governor in the spring of 2009, a 13-member Community Operations Board was created to oversee construction of the Center and to hire an executive director. Composition of the Board is as follows ("MSU...," 2011):* Two members appointed by Mayor City of Richland* One member by Mayor City of Bergen* Four members appointed by Macon County Judge-Executive* Six members appointed by MSU President* One ex officio member representing MSUConstruction of the Center began in the fall of 2009. Once construction was underway, a national search for the Executive Director was conducted which resulted in the hiring of Carolyn Engstrom. Engstrom assumed the duties of Executive Director on January 1, 2010. She had eleven years of experience as executive director of a Community College Performing Arts Center and four years of experience as director of community development for the state's Arts Council (Mandell, 2009).When the executive director position was created, the director was classified as a non-contract MSU employee for payroll purposes and depicted on the university's organization chart as subordinate to the university president despite, by state law, being hired by and reporting to the Board, which is independent of the university. …


18359 primary school students were examined for pes planus in Sivas and 837 feet were faund positive in 427 students. The incidence was calculated to be 2.07%.


Countries with higher spending on social care have better health outcomes, a report published by the not for profit research organisation RAND Europe has shown.1

Spending on elderly people appears to have been particularly effective in improving population health, even for apparently unrelated outcomes such as infant mortality and low birth weight. Social spending funded by governments has a four times greater effect than privately funded spending, and as time passes the effects become more evident, possibly because it takes time for social spending to produce better health. Seven years or longer after social spending increases, its effects become more apparent.

The report's main focus was …


Clues to the Mechanism of Metabolic Switching of Mycobacterium tuberculosis during Hypoxia Mycobacterium tuberculosis has evolved to survive and grow under a hypoxic environment within the phagosome. Singh et al. (e00705-19) report that the virulence regulator PhoP responds to hypoxia, the dormancy signal, and effectively integrates hypoxia with nitrogen metabolism. Consistently, both during hypoxia and under nitrogen-limiting conditions, the phoP locus controls key genes involved in nitrogen metabolism, and under hypoxia the ΔphoP mutant shows growth attenuation even with surplus nitrogen. These observations showing a novel function of PhoP in integrating nitrogen metabolism with hypoxia have significant implications for the mechanisms of intracellular survival and growth of the tubercle bacilli.


Object-based Storage Device(OSD) is possible to be the bottleneck which restricts the system performance during a large number parallel access to the same OSD.This paper proposes an object storage system based on Net-RAID.Net-RAID has peripheral channel and network channel,and data directly transfer between Net-RAID and clients.The system has characteristics of object-based storage system,better capacity extendibility and performance.


The Holstein model of spinless fermions interacting with dispersionless phonons in one dimension is studied by a Green's function Monte Carlo technique. The ground-state energy, first fermionic excited state, density wave correlations, and mean lattice displacements are calculated for lattices of up to 16 sites, for one fermion per two sites, i.e., a half-filled band. Results are obtained for values of the fermion hopping parameter of t=0.1 omega, omega, and 10 omega, where omega is the phonon frequency. At a finite fermion-phonon coupling g there is a transition from a metallic phase to an insulating phase in which there is charge-density-wave order. Finite-size scaling is found to hold in the metallic phase and is used to extract the coupling dependence of the Luttinger liquid parameters, u(rho), and K-rho, the velocity of charge excitations, and the correlation exponent respectively. For free fermions (g=0) and for strong coupling (g(2) much greater than t omega) our results agree well with known analytic results.


The Process and Environmental Monitoring Methods Working Group, composed of members from industry and instrument manufacturers, met with the FDA Emerging Technology Team to discuss bio-fluorescent particle counting technology, a type of rapid microbiological method. This is a summary of the meeting including submitted questions and answers, and the Process and Environmental Monitoring Methods Working Group's understanding of the FDA Emerging Technology Team's points made.


Under blue LED irradiation and metal-free conditions, a new approach for the thiolation of halogenated pyrazole-5-amine was developed. This efficient and practical approach enabled the generation of thiolated pyrazole-5-amine building blocks of medicinal significance. This straightforward technique reveals photochemical thiolation by an EDA complex via two distinct processes. The formation of the charge transfer complex via a halogen bond or a π-π interaction is based on various halogenated pyrazole amines following the HOMO-LUMO energy gap of the C-X bond. The scope of reaction with halogenated pyrazole-5-amines and thiophenol derivatives obtained in good to excellent yields. The formation of the π-π complex or halogen bonding between halo-pyrazole amine and thiolate anion was confirmed by UV-visible spectroscopy measurements


The cooperativity between hydrogen and halogen bonds plays an important role in rational drug design. However, mimicking the dynamic cooperation between these bonds is a challenging issue, which has impeded the development of the halogen bond force field. In this study, the Y220C–PhiKan5196 complex of p53 protein was adopted as a model, and the functions of three water molecules that formed hydrogen bonds with halogen atoms were analyzed by the simulation method governed by the hybrid quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical molecular dynamics. A comparison with the water-free model revealed that the strength of the halogen bond in the complex was consistently stronger. This confirmed that the water molecules formed weak hydrogen bonds with the halogen atom and cooperated with the halogen atom to enhance the halogen bond. Further, it was discovered that the roles of the three water molecules were not the same. Therefore, the results obtained herein can facilitate a rational drug design. Further, this work emphasizes on the fact that, in addition to protein pockets and ligands, the role of voids should also be considered with regard to the water molecules surrounding them.


The most widely used assessment of normal personality traits is the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI). In this chapter, I compare the RMP with the MBTI. I put forth the following four hypotheses relevant to both scientific and professional interests. Hypothesis 1. The MBTI is a valid measure of a narrow range of human motivation and is not a measure of "preferred ways of perception and judgment" as commonly claimed (Myers et al., 1998). Hypothesis 2. The MBTI's four personality dimensions are too few in number to provide a comprehensive explanation of personality type. Hypothesis 3. The RMP of sixteen basic desires can validly assess all of the personality traits assessed by the MBTI without paying any attention to MBTI type theory or to Jung's theory. In contrast, the MBTI cannot validly explain all of the personality traits assessed by the RMP. Hypothesis 4. In leadership training and human development workshops, the joint use of the MBTI and the RMP stimulates the self-discovery process more fully than when only one instrument is used. Historical background Galen ( a.d. 129– a.d. 200) held that combinations of four humors — black bile (melancholic), yellow bile (sanguine), blood (choleric), and phlegm (phlegmatic) — determine our personalities. Galen hypothesized that individuals produce different amounts of each humor — your personality, for example, depends on the relative amounts of each humor specific to your body. Galen's theory of humors dominated personality typing from about a.d. 200 until the nineteenth century.


BAXTER, M., AND A. RENNIE. 1996. Financial Calculus: An Introduction to Derivative Pricing. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. BJÖRK, T. 1998. Arbitrage Theory in Continuous Time. Oxford: Oxford University Press. DETEMPLE, J. 2001. "American Options: Symmetry Properties," in Option Pricing, Interest Rates and Risk Management, pp. 67–104. edited by E. Jouini, J. Cvitanić, and M. Musiela, pp. 67–104. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. GEMAN, H., N. EL KAROUI, AND J. C. ROCHET. 1995. "Changes of Numéraire, Changes of Probability Measures, and Option Pricing," Journal of Applied Probability 32: 443–58. GERBER, H. U., AND E. S.W. SHIU. 1994. "Option Pricing by Esscher Transforms," Transactions of the Society of Actuaries 36: 99 –140; Discussions 141–91. Reprinted in Investment Section Monograph, Society of Actuaries, 1999, pp. 69 – 88. ———. 1996. "Actuarial Bridges to Dynamic Hedging and Option Pricing," Insurance: Mathematics & Economics 18: 183–218. KARATZAS, I., AND S. E. SHREVE. 1998. Methods of Mathematical Finance. New York: Springer-Verlag. MUSIELA, M., AND M. RUTKOWSKI. 1997. Martingale Methods in Financial Modelling. Berlin: Springer-Verlag. SHEPP, L., AND A. N. SHIRYAEV. 1993. "The Russian Option: Reduced Regret," Annals of Applied Probability 3: 631–40. SHIRYAEV, A. N. 1999. Essentials of Stochastic Finance: Facts, Models, Theory. Singapore: World Scientific.


200 women aged 20-39 years who had experienced involuntary infertility for at least 1 year participated in a prospective study of the association between prior Chlamydia trachomatis infection and infertility at the Medical Center Hospital of Vermont. Hysterosalpingograms (HSG) were carried out on 186 women and cultures and serology were studied for most. Serological results were divided into patients with titers equal to or less than 8 16 to 32 and 64 or greater. Only 1 patient had a positive culture for C. trachomatis which was obtained from an endometrial biopsy. Only 24 women related a prior history of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). A history of PID previous IUD use and results of the HSGs were correlated with the antibody titer to C. trachomatis. The data suggest that much of the PID associated with C. trachomatis is asymptomatic since only 24 women recollected having PID whereas 73 had moderately or markedly abnormal HSGs. The excellent correlation between C. trachomatis antibody titers and HSG abnormalities seems to indicate that previous asymptomatic PID caused in part by C. trachomatis infection leads to the abnormalities. The significant correlation between C. trachomatis titer and IUD use is interesting since most workers have not noted an increase in chlamydial cervical infection with IUD use but have noted an association between IUD use and PID. Since 39 of the 73 women with suspicious or abnormal HSGs had elevated titers of C. trachomatis antibodies it appears that previous infection is an important cause of tubal abnormalities and infertility in this population.


Abstract A metabolic pathway is proposed which connects the two main 'Fe‐efficiency' reactions of dicotyledonous plants, proton excretion, and ferric chelate reduction. The pathway goes as follows: proton excretion is coupled to citrate anion accumulation; citrate is isomerized to isocitrate; isocitrate reduces NADP; NADPH donates electrons directly or indirectly to the 'Turbo' reductase system in the plasma membrane of the root epidermal cells.


Abstract In 1993, archaeologists carried out a rescue excavation to the Yuyang Tomb situated to the west of Xianjia Lake in Changsha City, Hunan. The graveyard covers an area of more than 1ha. Surrounding the main burial pit were three outer burial pits arranged to the east, west, and south into a triangular plan. The main body is a vertical rock pit tomb with a ramp passage and wooden coffins. It is in a 甲-shaped plan with a length of 37m, composed of an earth mound, a tomb passage, and a tomb chamber. The burial style was ticou - the tomb chamber was enclosed by piles of heartwood logs. Although the tomb had been looted several times, a lot of grave goods were unearthed. There were a variety of lacquer wares of especially fine quality. The characters Yuyang (which might be the name of the tomb occupant or the name of a county of the Western Han Dynasty) were found on several lacquer wares. The tomb occupant might have been certain imperial princess of the early Western Han, who was married to a vassal king of the Changsha Kingdom for political reasons.


The origin of the thesis stands on a two-fold questioning : an interrogation on the place and role of elected images (the 'imaginal') in the construction of the private and professional identity of the teacher and an attempt to define the esthetic experience which characterizes this process. The core of the problem inscribes itself between four notions : that of a narrative identity which, through esthetic experiences, enables the individual to draw into his stockpile of fictional "imaginal" in order to build a meaningful vision of his life, along with a hermeneutic of the self, conceived as aself-education, from his narrative identity, of the character. Hence the necessity of considering the relationships between a hermeneutic of the self and a hermeneutic of the 'imaginal', necessity which leads to a three-fold questioning : how, through a contact with artistic and fictional works, is it possible to validate a personal praxis by refering to a fictional 'imaginal' ? and what links the individual have to establish between his cultural praxis (the personal task of constructing one self) and the civilisational requirements of the overwhelming contemporary world. Through theoretical references to montaigne, nietzsche and freud and through 'imaginal' references to francois truffaut's films, the aim of the work is to re-establish self-reflexion as an aufklarung of the self by re-introducing personal experiences, the fundemental basis of subjectivity. It is also related to the philosophical conception which emphasizes the need for an individual to draw from his own biographical experience and from self reflexion to be in the habit of finding, in his own ressources, the means to exploit them for the leitmotives of his life. Centered upon the relation to the otherness (for in the imaginal, what narcisse maybe is looking for is not his image, but the approbation of the other), we are confronted to a task of self-education, that everybody is following, and where everybody meditates with his own means-including the 'imaginal' ones.


The transcription factor HOXA1 belongs to the family of homeobox transcription factors, which takes up an important role in the regulation of morphogenesis as well as during embryonic development. The underlying signaling pathways and mechanisms are relatively unknown. The expression of HOXA1 in zebrafish was reported mainly in anterior regions like in the pharyngeal arch and brain regions. Moreover a high HOXA1 expression was demonstrated in breast cancer lesions. It is shown in this thesis that HOXA1 is expressed in endothelial cells. It was demonstrated in different in vitro assays that a reduced HOXA1 expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) leads to reduced sprouting, migration and network formation. A microarray analysis with HOXA1 deficient HUVEC identified E-selectin as a target gene. E-selectin is an adhesion molecule which is involved in signal transduction processes. The expression of E-selectin was highly reduced and this was validated with RT-PCR, which showed that the expression of E-selectin was strongly reduced after the expression of HOXA1 was reduced using siRNA transfection. To show in vivo relevance additional experiments in zebrafish were done. A reduced HOXA1 expression led to vascular defects in the trunk vasculature as well as in the head vasculature. Furthermore the zebrafish show head bleeding. Thus in this part of the thesis a relevance of HOXA1 for the formation of the vasculature was shown as well as a regulatory relationship between HOXA1 and E-selectin. In the second part of this thesis it was shown that the Rho kinases ROCK I and II have an anti-angiogenic influence on the neovascularization of the retina. Isolectin staining of the retina after ROCK I and II inhibition with pharmacological inhibitors showed a more compact vascular network. Furthermore a myocardial infarction study was performed in which also ROCK I and II were inhibited pharmacological. This study shows no difference with regard to angiogenesis.


Immunocytochemical localization of giutathione-peroxidase (GSH-PO) in human adrenal glands was studied on adrenocorti{nl adenomas associated with primary aldosteronism and Cushing's syndrome. Normal adrenal glands were obtained from non-adenomatous regions of the same surgical specimens. In the normal adrenal glands, GSH-PO was immunehistochemically localized in the zonae fasciculata and reticularis of the adrenal cortex. in immunoelectron microscopic investigations, GSH-PO was localized not only in cytoplasm (cytosol GSH-PO) but also in mitochondria .(mitochondrial GSH-PO}.. Mitoehondrial GSH-PO was mostly observed in lipid-depleted iTmer fasciculata cells. Cytosol GSH-PO was mainly localized in lipid-laden or lipofuscin granule-laden zona reticularis cells. In the adrenocortical adenoma cells associated with primary aldosterenism, GSH-PO was weak or negative. In immunoeleetron microscopic investigations, GSH-PO was localized in cytoplasm near the lipid droplets. Mitochondrial GSH-PO was hardly seen. Based on our findings, cytosol GSH-PO may play an important role in pretective effects against cell iajury by lipid peroxides induced in the process of the steroid hormone synthesis or the cellular aging proceseq and mitechondrial GSH-PO was strongly suggested to be one of the most important enzymes for steroidogenesis, especially conisol synthesis. Furthermore, the lipid peroxidation rate in the process of aldosterone synthesis may be less than that during cortisol synthesis. In the adrenoconical adenoma cells associated with Cushing's syndrqme, GSH-PO was localized mainly in lipid-depleted compact cells. rntracellular localization of GSH-PO was observed only in cytoplasm near the well-developed smooth endoplasmic reticulum or round mitochondriat This suggests that the intramltochondrial lipid peroxidation rate is less in the adrenoconical adenoma ceils than in the' normal adrenocortical cells. Furtherrnere, intramitochondrially derived free radicals might be diffuse across the mitochondrial membrane, and cytosol GSH-PO may be enhanced as a resulL These findings may correspond to the functional significance of the adrenocortical adenoma cells. illiIlt]/1


This paper investigates the existence and the degree of economies of diversification for small-scaled, renewable-fuelled cogeneration systems using 2014 cross-sectional data from 67 Austrian biogas plants. In addition, cost efficiency of those biogas plants is estimated with a non-parametric linear programming technique, known as Data Envelopment Analysis. This is the first study applying the methodology proposed by Chavas and Kim (2010). Economies of diversification are decomposed into three additive parts: a part measuring complementarity among outputs; a part reflecting economies of scale; a part reflecting convexity. Furthermore, this paper extends the decomposition introduced by Chavas and Kim (2010) in such a way that the contribution of each input to economies of diversification and its components can be investigated. The results indicate substantial cost savings from diversification. For very-small scaled plants ( 250 kWel) positive complementarity and convexity effects are the main source of economies of diversification and outweigh the negative effect from scale diseconomies. In addition to substantial fuel/feedstock cost reductions, significant costs saving effects from the jointness in labour and other inputs positively contribute to the complementarity effect. While on average capital and labour costs positively contribute to economies of scale, feedstock costs work in the direction of diseconomies of scale.


The objectives of this research are to present certain adaptive strategies used by the members of a society when exposed to conflict and interaction with a different culture for decades or centuries and to demonstrate that the use of these strategies minimizes or prevents sociocultural disintegration and the resulting demoralization. The setting of the study is the Christianization and 'westernization' that took place from 1510 till around 1773 in three districts of Goa, a former Portuguese state on the western coast of India. Information on the history of Portuguese India was studied in the archives and libraries in Goa, the United States, Portugal and other European countries. Five adaptive strategies were used by Hindus who converted to Christianity, by Hindus who refused to convert and by Europeans, including Catholic missionaries, who were in charge of the conversions. They are called transformational mapping, privatization, individuation, cohesiveness and pragmatism. Examples of each strategy are gi...


For several years there has been a growing interest in questions of philosophical ethics. The issues surrounding the different forms and concepts of moral philosophy have resulted in tensions which have spawned a complex ethical pluralism. This pluralism can, however, basically be traced back to two different conceptual foundations - universalism and relativism. The volume presented by Heidemann and Engelhard examines these two concepts from both a historical philosophical and a systematic perspective.


Mr. M has schizophrenia and develops catatonia after being found naked outside his home. Immobility and reduced oral intake increase his risk of medical complications. How do you ensure his safety? CASE Nude and mute Mr. M, age 45, is found naked outside his apartment. He has a history of schizophrenia, paranoid type, hypertension, and diet-controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus. His schizophrenia has been treated with ziprasidone, 160 mg/d, but 2 months ago he stopped taking his medication and seeing his psychiatrist. He does not respond to questions from police and is taken to a local emergency department for medical workup of altered mental status. Mr. M is noted to have bilateral conjunctival discharge and a white blood cell (WBC) count of 15,000/[mm.sup.3]. Vital signs, physical examination, laboratory studies, and head CT are otherwise within normal limits. Mr. M is medically cleared for his 15th admission to our inpatient psychiatric facility in the last 7 years. He is divorced, has 2 adult sons, and receives Social Security disability benefits. Mr. M is alert but guarded and mute and appears to be internally preoccupied. His mood is euthymic and his facial expressions do not vary much and are similar to a blank stare. His grooming and hygiene are poor, but there is no evidence of delusions or suicidal or homicidal ideation. He paces around the unit or sits in his bed staring straight ahead, occasionally mouthing inaudible words but remaining nonverbal. Mr. M is restarted on his previous dose of ziprasidone and referred to the primary care physician in our inpatient psychiatric facility for further evaluation. His admission vitals and laboratory values show a platelet count of 124,000/[mm.sup.3], glucose of 113 mg/dL, triglycerides of 160 mg/dL, high-density lipoprotein of 37 mg/dL, and hemoglobin [A.sub.1c] of 6%. Mr. M needs help drinking fluids but resists solid foods as well as medications, including lorazepam, 3 mg/d, and most scheduled doses of ziprasidone. On day 3, Mr. M's extremities are rigid and he has poor oral intake. We diagnose Mr. M with catatonia based on his immobility, negativity, and mutism. The authors' observations The literature describes >40 signs of catatonia. (1-11) According to DSM-IV-TR, catatonia may occur in the context of schizophrenia, a mood disorder, or a general medical condition. DSM-IV-TR criteria for catatonia include: * motor immobility as evidenced by catalepsy or stupor * excessive motor activity * extreme negativism or mutism * peculiarities of voluntary movements as evidenced by posturing, stereotypic movements, or grimacing * echolalia or echopraxia. (12) Only 2 signs are necessary to meet the diagnostic criteria for catatonia. (11), (12) Several catatonia rating scales--including the Bush-Francis Catatonia Rating Scale (BFCRS)--have been found to be highly reliable for screening for and rating the severity of catatonia. Such tools also can be used serially to monitor treatment efficacy. The BFCRS takes 5 minutes to administer; the screen is considered positive if [greater than or equal to]2 of the first 14 items on the scale are present. (13) Mr. Mexhibits immobility and mutism, which are the most common signs of catatonia. In patients with catatonia, poor oral intake may result in malnutrition that often requires parenteral nutrition or intravenous fluids (1), (10) and dehydration that may lead to dental caries, gum disease, constipation, and ileus. (1) Pneumonia may occur secondary to atelectasis or buildup of respiratory secretions and possibly aspiration. (7) Vaginal infections may develop secondary to poor hygiene. (1) Immobility and malnutrition may lead to infection and decubitus ulcers. (1) Finally, immobility also may cause urinary incontinence, (2), (10) nerve palsies, flexion contractions, and rhabdomyolysis. (1) Which of the following complications of catatonia is most acute and emergent? …


The informational explosion, driven mainly by the massive use of Web 2.0 services, is seen as a challenge to the traditional conceptions of CRM, considering that the consumer starts to play an active role in the relationship with the company. In this context, Social CRM emerges, which is built on the integration of traditional Customer Relationship Management strategies with tools capable of retrieving, storing and analyzing information collected from social networks. Athwart a qualitative and applied research, this article pursues to grapple the concepts of the areas of customer relationship management, Social CRM and Web 2.0, enumerating the characteristics and benefits offered. Based on these definitions, it proposes a micro-service architecture for a Social CRM system, which, although applicable to the context in question, should be tested in order to determine whether it meets the proposed requirements, aiming to reach the desired performance and accuracy levels in analysis tasks.


A new series of diaryl urea derivatives bearing pyridine moiety were designed, synthesized and evaluated
for their biological activity. In this study, we applied the structure-based virtual screening (SBVS) on
the high similar sorafenib approved drug, selected from the DrugBank database as well as on a series
of derivatives, selected from the literature. Aim was to provide new potent anticancer agents. Analysis
was performed using AutoDock VINA tools. Based on the ligand binding energy. Compounds will be
synthesized by chlorination of pyridine acid derivative which further coupled with amine and form
amide, amide further reaction with aminophenolic moiety and form ether which is react with other
aromatic amine using CDI to produce final compound and these compounds characterized by IR,
NMR and mass spectroscopic techniques. The synthesized derivatives have been evaluated to their
anticancer activity in vitro by MTT assay using MCF-7 cell line. The anticancer activity indicates that
compounds C1, C3, C6 and C9 have better anticancer activity.


We have developed a wide area intruder detection surveillance system which was delivered to the Japanese market last summer. This technology is known as MELWATCH which stands for MELco WATCH(to keep lookout). It has been installed at several sites in Japan. MELWATCH is composed of a pair of sensor cables, a sensor unit and an intrusion detection terminal. The sensor cables are composed of a transmission and a receiving cable (transceiver cables), both of which are off-the-shelf leaky coaxial cables. The sensor cables are deployed in parallel along the boundary to be monitored. Upon activation, the sensor unit sends an electric wave into the transmission cable which results in the electric wave leaks from the cable. The receiving cable receives the leaked electric wave and an electric field is formed between the cables. When an intruder enters the electric field, the sensor unit detects this activity and the precise location of the intrusion. Moreover, this sensor is less affected by the environmental noise, such as trees or small animals, nor weather conditions. In addition, the ability to specify the intrusion point makes it possible to configure the more sophisticated system with pan-tilt-zoom cameras. In this paper, we show the effectiveness of MELWATCH through the field data of the several installed sites.


The onset of pole tip saturation effects was studied by varying the temperature of a low Curie point ferrite head writing on a γ-Fe 2 O 3 recording surface at densities ranging from 200 to 8000 fc/cm. It was found that performance degradation occurred when the head saturation magnetization (gauss) was reduced to approximately 10 times the tape coercivity (oersteds) with the greatest losses occurring at intermediate densities around 4000 fc/cm. The short wavelength behavior is well-explained by recent experiments which suggest an approximately gap independent short wavelength recording depth.