The utility model relates to an automatic riveting machine, wherein a plurality of elastic clamping devices are uniformly arranged on the outer circumference of a rotary conveying bench. The rotary conveying bench is arranged on a frame. A component oscillatory type feeder, a component guiding device, a silver point oscillatory type feeder, a double-end riveting device and a component stirring device are successively arranged on the circumference of the rotary conveying bench. A component transportation manipulator is arranged between the component oscillatory type feeder and the rotary conveying bench. A silver point transportation manipulator is arranged between the silver point oscillatory type feeder and the rotary conveying bench. A discharging manipulator is arranged adjacent to the rotary conveying bench and the double-end riveting device. By utilizing the automatic riveting machine, the automation for the whole riveting process is realized. Meanwhile, the positions of components can be adjusted and the riveting quality is good. The operating efficiency is also improved. The automatic riveting machine is suitable for large-scale mass production.


Environmental Protection Agency Administrator William K. Reilly last week announced several measures designed, he says, to cut costs and expedite the cleanup of thousands of hazardous-waste sites that dot the nation's landscape, threatening communities and underground water supplies. The massive and controversial Superfund program, begun in 1980, has spent about $4.8 billion to permanently clean up 63 sites out of 1245 designated candidates. A large percentage of this expenditure has been spent on management, or overhead, costs, which an EPA task force finds unacceptable. To correct these problems, Reilly has named EPA staffer Richard Guimond to the new position of national Superfund director, responsible for procurements and budgets as well as for measures to improve contracting and to speed up cleanups. Reilly also plans to put in place a staff of 20 to 30 people scattered around the country to act as program troubleshooters. These steps, Reilly hopes, "will encourage and promote more uniformity ...


13 14 In this study, we examined the functional coupling between Na +-activated 15 potassium (KNa) channels and Na +-influx through voltage-dependent Na +


The three-component model for muscle proposed by A. V. Hill (1) has been useful in describing the contractile activity of cardiac muscle in vitro (2) and in vivo (3). The contractile element (CE) of this model is assumed to be freely extensible at rest, but with activation it shortens according to a characteristic inverse relation between the velocity of shortening and the load (4). The CE is in series with an elastic element (SE) so that during isometric contraction, the activated CE shortens and stretches the SE, the rate of tension development (dP/dt) being determined by the CE velocity and the stress strain relation of the SE (1). Thus the external manifestations of CE activity depend to a large extent on the properties of the SE. Although the stiffness of the SE is unaffected by inotropic interventions, or the course of active state (5,6), it does become somewhat stiffer following damage from segmental compression (7). With the recent application of cardiac muscle mechanics to the study of pathologic states such as hyperthyroidism, cardiac hyperthophy and failure (8-10), a quantitative knowledge of the SE compliance in these conditions is required if CE velocity and work are to be evaluated. Accordiwly the present study was under taken to measure the series elasticity of papillary muscles from cats with hyperthyroidism, cats with cardiac hypertrophy, and those with cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. Methods. Right ventricular papillary muscles from three group of cats (1.5-2.5 kg) were used. Hyperthyoidism was induced in six cats by the intraperitoneal injection of 1-thyroxine (1 mg per kg per day) for 10-14 days (10). Serum protein bound iodine (PBI) and cholesterol determinations were made at the time of sacrifice.


The possible linkage of electronic and bonding variables to material parameters that describe dislocation nucleation, dislocation mobility, and the fracture resistance of metals and intermetallics is investigated in this paper. Using appropriate analytical methods, the effects of the number of d + s electrons per atom on the unstable stacking energy and the Peierls–Nabarro (P–N) barrier energy are computed for Nb–Ti–Cr solid solution alloys, Laves phase, and in-situ composites. Comparison of model computations with previously published experimental data reveals that the number of d + s electrons/atom exerts significant effects on the P–N barrier energy and the fracture toughness of the solid solution alloys, but has little effect on the unstable stacking energy, P–N barrier energy, and fracture toughness of the Laves phases. For in-situ composites, the electronic effects stem mainly from those exerted through the solid solution phase. A systematic investigation of the various components that contribute to...


Purpose- This study examined the moderating effect of perceived corporate image on the indirect relationship between mobile banking service quality and customer retention via customer perceived value in the Kenyan banking industry
Design/Methodology- The study adopted an explanatory research design, employing multistage, simple random and systematic sampling techniques in collecting data from a sample size of 400 consumers of mobile banking services in Kenya using a self-administered questionnaire
Findings- The results reveal a significant mediating effect of customer perceived value on the relationship between mobile banking service quality and customer retention. Moreover, the study established that perceived corporate image moderates the relationship between; mobile banking service quality and customer perceived value and mobile banking service quality and customer retention. Finally, perceived corporate image moderates the indirect link between mobile banking service quality and customer retention via customer retention at all levels
Practical Implications- These findings underscore the need for the bank's management and policymakers to develop quality assurance policies and devise value-centered strategies and image-enhancing strategies to enhance customer retention.
Originality/Value - The study's findings bring new critical knowledge concerning the indirect effect of customer perceived value and perceived corporate image on the study variables.


In this article, I revisit the 1996 Oakland School Board (OSB) resolution on Ebonics and perform a discourse analysis of the NeW York Times coverage of the decision. Using the framework of intertextuality, I consider how reported speech allows authors to appropriate authority and construct various stances toward the OSB decision. I discuss how other framing devices work in tandem with intertextuality to discursively construct ideologies of Ebonics. I also analyze how language from early articles is incorporated in subsequent news items, and emphasize the need to consider both discursive reproduction processes and cognitive processes of reception when using intertextual analysis to understand the origin of language ideologies. I suggest that this approach to media discourse analysis can be utilized by linguists who wish to actively shape attitudes toward stigmatized language varieties.


Food security is a global priority requiring a multi-pronged approach. In Tanzania and Zambia stunting in children under five, a major determinant of individual development, is estimated to be 42% and 45% respectively, despite years of agricultural research and development.  Both countries are seeking sustainable solutions to the food security challenge that will improve human nutrition through improved household income and dietary diversification.  Despite increases in agricultural production over the past two decades, malnutrition rates in children have not diminished significantly in many developing countries.    Local initiatives, such as enhancing traditional livestock-crop systems, can provide a sustainable solution to the ongoing demographic challenges in Africa which are driving the need for more food.  The aim of this project is to reduce childhood undernutrition by analysing and testing opportunities to enhance the key role that women play in improving poultry and crop integration and efficiency to strengthen household nutrition in an ecologically sustainable manner.  A One Health approach is being employed by the project in support of increased poultry and crop value chain efficiency and household food and nutrition security by bringing together animal, crop and human health specialists, economists, ecologists and social scientists to work with participating communities.


FIELD: technological processes. SUBSTANCE: invention proposes a manufacturing method of an interconnector for a fuel element or a pack of fuel elements, as well as the fuel element or the pack of fuel elements with the interconnector made by pressing of a metal plate with the formation of projections on both sides of at least one metal plate on a calibrating press at the temperature of 600 to 925°C during 0.5 to 10 hours. EFFECT: improvement of the accuracy of mechanical and electrical contact throughout the surface of projections of the interconnector with electrodes of the fuel element provides for the increase of its efficiency and service life. 5 cl, 6 dwg


This work is related to a recent development of a data acquisition and control system for high‐resolution EUV spectroscopy following ion–atom and ion–molecule collisions. The system consists of a personal computer, an IEEE‐488 interface board, and a CAMAC system, which includes a GPIB crate controller, a stepping motor controller, and two 32‐bit up–down counters. A unique software ''DATACQ'' for data acquisition and control has been designed and tested to simplify complex spectroscopy applications. As a prototype case, EUV spectra of the Lyman series of He+ following simultaneous ionization and excitation of He by fast H+, H+2, and H+3 impact are presented here.


Lidar (light detection and ranging) is a well-established measurement method for the prediction of atmospheric motions through velocity measurements. Recent advances in 1.5 μm Lidars show that the technology is mature, offers great ease of use, and is reliable and compact. A 1.5 μm airborne Lidar appears to be a good candidate for airborne in-flight measurement systems. It allows measurements remotely, outside aircraft aerodynamic disturbance, and absolute air speed (no need for calibration) with great precision in all aircraft flight domains. In the framework of the EU AIM2 project, the ONERA task has consisted of developing and testing a 1.5 μm anemometer sensor for in-flight airspeed measurements. The objective of this work is to demonstrate that the 1.5 μm Lidar sensor can increase the quality of the data acquisition procedure for aircraft flight test certification. This article presents the 1.5 μm anemometer sensor dedicated to in-flight airspeed measurements and describes the flight tests performed successfully on-board the Piaggio P180 aircraft. Lidar air data have been graphically compared to the air data provided by the aircraft flight test instrumentation (FTI) in the reference frame of the Lidar sensor head. Very good agreement of true air speed (TAS) by a fraction of ms−1, angle of sideslip (AOS), and angle of attack (AOA) by a fraction of degree were observed.


Accepted: 19/Aug/2018, Online: 31/Aug/2018 Abstract — Nowadays, the security of digital image is one of the most essential terms. In this article, a piecewise linear chaotic map based image encryption has been proposed. For implementation protection from different types of attacks, the Linear Cryptanalysis system is applied to encrypt the image. The irreducible polynomial is implemented to design the confusion diffusion architecture that scrambles the pixel position of the image. To alter pixel intensity, the Fuzzy operations have been applied which makes the scheme more secure. The proposed encryption scheme is applied to resist some cryptanalysis method such as plaintext or cipher text attacks. The different theoretical and statistical analysis shows that the scheme has high -level security. The two main statistical factors, the number of pixel change rate and the information entropy, gives the better result in this article.


This paper was presented at the Asian Conference on Society Education and Technology: Learning and Teaching in Changing Times held in Osaka, Japan from 24 – 27 Oct 2013


Objective To study the effects of collaborative nursing on self-care ability and colostomy skin for patients with colostomy.Methods 96 low rectal cancer patients with Miles operation were randomly divided into intervention group and control group,48 cases in each group.The control group was treated by the routine nursing,but the intervention group by collaborative nursing on the basis of the control group.The data from the different points by general situation questionnaire,self-care ability to implement scale( ESCA),colostomy self-care ability scale and colostomy skin assessment tool( DET score) were given the statistical analysis.Results The ESCA score of the intervention group at 1 week after operation and 1month after discharge was significantly higher than that of the control group( P0.05). The total score for self-care ability scale and the average score for self-care knowledge and skills of the intervention group at1 week after operation and 1 month after discharge were significantly higher than those of control group( P0.05). And there was no obvious difference for patients' wishes scores between the two groups( P0.05).The DET total score,discoloration and erosion score of the intervention group at 1 month after discharge were significantly lower than those of the control group( P0. 05).There was no obvious difference for tissue hyperplasia score between the two groups( P0.05).Conclusions The application of collaborative nursing in patients with colostomy for intervention can effectively improve the patients' self-care ability and improve the skin around colostomy.


Rationale:
 Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by progressive distal pulmonary artery (PA) obstruction, leading to right ventricular hypertrophy and failure. Exacerbated intracellular calcium (Ca
 2+
 ) signaling contributes to abnormalities in PA smooth muscle cells (PASMCs), including aberrant proliferation, apoptosis resistance, exacerbated migration, and arterial contractility. Store-operated Ca
 2+
 entry (SOCE) is involved in Ca
 2+
 homeostasis in PASMCs, but its properties in PAH are unclear.

 Methods:
 Using a combination of Ca
 2+
 imaging, molecular biology,
 in vitro
 ,
 ex vivo
 , and
 in vivo
 approaches, we investigated the roles of SOCE channel Orai1 in PA remodeling in PAH, and determined the consequences of pharmacological Orai1 inhibition
 in vivo
 using experimental models of pulmonary hypertension (PH).

 Results:
 Human PASMCs (hPASMCs) from patients with PAH (PAH-hPASMCs) showed upregulation of SOCE and Orai1 expression, in which ERK1/2, nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT), and nuclear factor-kappa B (NFκB) were contributing factors. Using siRNA and two Orai1 inhibitors, we found that Orai1 inhibition reduced SOCE, mitochondrial Ca
 2+
 entry, aberrant proliferation, apoptosis resistance, migration, and excessive calcineurin activity in PAH-hPASMCs. Orai1 inhibitors reduced agonist-evoked constriction in human PAs. In experimental rat models of PH evoked by chronic-hypoxia or monocrotaline or Sugen/hypoxia, administration of Orai1 inhibitors (BTP2, JPIII, or 5J4) protected against PH.

 Conclusions:
 In human PAH and experimental PH, Orai1 expression and activity are increased. Orai1 inhibition normalizes the PAH-hPASMC phenotype and attenuates PH in rat models, suggesting that Orai1 should be considered as a relevant therapeutic target for PAH.


Flowing bottom-hole pressure prediction in Concentric Casing Gas Injection (CCGI) drilling operation using mechanistic models requires the determination of gas-liquid two-phase flow patterns along the annuli. This paper proposes two flow pattern transition models, namely bubble/dispersed bubble (BL/DB), and intermittent/annular (IN/AN) in CCGI upward co-current concentric annuli flow of a gas and pseudoplastic non-Newtonian liquid two-phase mixture. The effect of shear-thinning rheological behavior and annular geometry were incorporated into the models ́ development. Sensitivity analysis was performed to investigate the effect of shearthinning fluid behavior on both transition boundaries. The results reveal that the shear-thinning behavior of the liquid phase has a significant effect on the transition boundary of BL/DB, but has a minimal effect on the IN/AN transition boundary. The findings of this study improve not only the hydrodynamic predictions in CCGI, but also the performance of the mechanistic models of gas and non-Newtonian liquid mixtures. Introduction A technical option to drill thru consolidated and highly depleted oil reservoirs is Concentric Casing Gas Injection (CCGI) which could be classified as a Managed Pressure Drilling (MPD) method. It is potentially suitable to maximize productivity and ultimate recovery by reducing formation damage when drilling through pay zones in mature oil fields without lessen heat transfer and directional control capabilities at downhole conditions. The design and operational issues of CCGI have been described by previous authors (Mykytiw et al., 2003; Beltran et al., 2010) as well as some field applications of the method in Mexico (Urbieta et al. 2009; Perez-Tellez et al., 2009; Rodriguez et al., 2013). Practically, it can be assumed that flow is under steady state condition when drilling with a CCGI system and the gas injection point is located in the vertical section as shown in Fig. 1. While using CCGI drilling, a co-current gas-liquidsolid mixture is flowing upwardly inside of the primary annulus above the gas injection point. Unweighted oil-based mud (e.g. invert emulsion) is used as drilling fluid to reduce the bottomhole pressure and hence reduce formation damage and costs associated with drilling fluid losses. In this paper, solid phase is considered part of the liquid phase for modeling flow pattern transitions. Mechanistic modeling of gas-liquid two-phase flow involves flow pattern definition and flow pattern transition criteria. Gas-liquid two-phase models and flow pattern transition criteria were initially developed for a gas and Newtonian liquid mixture in pipe flow. Only a few comprehensive studies concerning to gas-liquid two-phase upward vertical flow in annuli exist in the literature and they are mainly for Newtonian liquid phase. The goal of this work is to develop flow pattern transition criteria which take into account the shear thinning rheological behavior of unweighted oil-based drilling fluids and the nonlinear shear-stress distribution within the annulus. Studies of Non-Newtonian fluid flow in an annulus have received much less attention in comparison to Newtonian fluid flow in pipe. Friction factor is the main parameter of interest in most studies. The flow of non-Newtonian fluids in annuli is quite different from the flow in pipes. For pipe flow, zero shear stress and maximum velocity coincide at the center of the pipe while shear stress varies linearly with the distance from the inner wall. For annular flow, flow is not symmetric; shear stress does not decline linearly with the distance from inner walls. The case of laminar flow in concentric annuli has a theoretical solution for stress distribution (Frederick and Bird, 1958), but transitional and turbulent regimes are still without analytical solution universally accepted. The aim of this paper is to introduce new flow pattern transition criteria that can be applied to improve flowing bottom-hole pressure estimations while drilling with CCGI. Namely, bubble/dispersed bubble (BL/DB), and intermittent/annular (IN/AN) transitions in co-current twophase flow of a gas and pseudo-plastic non-Newtonian liquid mixture in vertical upward concentric annuli. To support the motivation for this work we added some background and fundamentals at Appendix A as a supplement to the topic of incompressible single-phase flow of power-law fluids through annuli. AADE-19-NTCE-SPP-06 Modeling Flow Pattern Transition in Co-current Two-Phase Gas-Non-Newtonian Liquid Flow in Vertical Upward Concentric Annulus Víctor H. Lema and Tan C. Nguyen, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology; Eissa Al-Safran, Kuwait University 2 V. H. Lema, T. C. Nguyen and E. Al-Safran AADE-19-NTCE-029 Development of models The bubble/dispersed bubble (BL/DB) transition. In the present work we followed the same phenomenological description suggested by Taitel et al. (1980) and developed for steady upward gas-liquid (Newtonian) two-phase flow in circular tubes. Transition occurs at high liquid flow rates with liquid as the continuous phase and gas as the dispersed phase. At turbulent conditions, shear stresses tend to break up the larger bubbles, inhibiting agglomeration and coalescence of bubbles. Then, the transition is dominated for a force balance between turbulent force of the liquid (disruptive force) and surface tension force of the bubbles (restorative force). The disruptive force acts on the bubble to deform it, whereas the restorative force refrains it from deforming. Dispersed bubble flow pattern is marked by the absence of cap or deformable bubbles, only tiny spherical bubbles remain dispersed in liquid as a homogeneous mixture. At certain level of liquid turbulence there is a maximum stable diameter of the dispersed phase, dmax, which characterizes the dispersion. At this size, bubbles can be deformed, their motion is in a zig-zag path and, if their agglomeration approaches a void fraction value of 0.25, Taylor bubbles can start to appear and transition to slug flow will occur. This size, dmax, is determined by the following expression (Hinze, 1955)


To assess the condition of stator insulation, nondestructive tests were performed on twenty five coil groups and twenty six motors. The stator windings has nominal ratings of 6.6 ㎸ and are classified into five coil groups ;one group with healthy insulation and four groups with four different types of artificial defects. After completing nondestructive tests, the AC voltage applied to the stator windings was gradually increasing until insulation failure in order to obtain the breakdown voltage. No. 1, No. 2 and No. 6 of 6.6 ㎸ motors failed near rated voltage of 14 ㎸, 8.7 ㎸ and 14 ㎸, respectively. The breakdown voltage of three motors was lower that expected for good quality coils(14.2 ㎸) in 6.6 ㎸ motors. No. 3 and No. 6 of 4.16 ㎸ motors failed near rated voltage of 5.6 ㎸ and 4.2 ㎸, respectively. Almost all of failures were located in a line-end coil at the exit from the core slot. The breakdown voltages and the types of defects showed strong relation to the stator insulation tests such as in the case of AC current, dissipation factor(tanδ) and partial discharge magnitude.


Beautiful and old circular cone curve has many wonderful natures, and today still there are quantities of natures to be discovered. It displays its great vitality and channs. In this thesis, the two important natures of circular cone curve are spread in a broad sense.


Self-instruction is a unique teaching technology in the fact that it was developed solely for education and did not come to education by the way of the entertainment medium as did films or television. Another unique factor is that it can be totally dependent upon the use of media or use no media at all. What ever the format used, all self-instruction programs must contain certain parameters in order to be effective. This paper discusses those parameters and their implication on the media technologies.


A detailed understanding of underwater environments in the coastal zone requires that the shape and character of the bottom be known. We have been new high-resolution data on bottom topography and character in Long Island's coastal zone using a shallow-water multibeam echosounder (Simrad EM 3000). Recent studies in Fire Island Inlet and in Great South Bay provide new insights into the sedimentary processes active in these regions and the scale of sediment variability.


Existing literature has provided inconclusive evidence regarding the impact of financial performance on firm policy relating to environmental issues. In this paper, we propose that the influence of corporate financial performance on corporate environmental policy is unlikely to be monotonic but, rather, will vary with firm life cycle. We test this hypothesis by the application of static and dynamic techniques on panel data from UK companies. The results provide support for our hypotheses that financial performance has the strongest impact on environmental policy in the maturity stage of the firm life cycle and the weakest impact in the rapid growth stage. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.


The walking machines of ground practicability are under consideration. The methods of calculations of the dynamic movement characteristics have been elaborated. The real walking machine has been designed, produced and tested on the basis of proposed methods of calculations.


This paper studies the effects of channel launch power and topology parameters on performance for ultra-wideband optical networks in the presence of stimulated Raman scattering (SRS). Results exhibit significant throughput improvements for optimised per-channel launch power allocation over conventional uniform power allocation. Furthermore, the impact of network structural features on performance is investigated and a significant increase in throughput and a reduction in fibre installation cost are achieved by optimising network topology for two real world core networks.


Climate change will make significant impact on species distribution in forest. Pinus koraiensis which is commonly called as Korean Pine is normally distributed in frigid zones. Climate change which causes severe heat could affect distribution of Korean pine. Therefore, this study predicted the distribution of Korean Pine and the suitable habitat area with consideration on uncertainty by applying climate change scenarios on an ensemble model. First of all, a site index was considered when selecting present and absent points and a stratified method was used to select the points. Secondly, environmental and climate variables were chosen by literature review and then confirmed with experts. Those variables were used as input data of BIOMOD2. Thirdly, the present distribution model was made. The result was validated with ROC. Lastly, RCP scenarios were applied on the models to create the future distribution model. As a results, each individual model shows quite big differences in the results but generally most models and ensemble models estimated that the suitable habitat area would be decreased in midterm future(40s) as well as long term future(90s).


Presents an approach to efficient multirobot mapping and exploration which exploits a market architecture in order to maximize information gain while minimizing incurred costs. This system is reliable and robust in that it can accommodate dynamic introduction and loss of team members in addition to being able to withstand communication interruptions and failures. Results showing the capabilities of our system on a team of exploring autonomous robots are given.


Computer aided evaluation systems are generally considered objective types of questionnaires. Evaluation based on subjective answer is consider a problem under text analytics, where text answer will be compare with available correct text answer. This paper is emphasizing the issues of computer aided automated assessment and proposing a model for handling these issues. Using such mechanism a faculty can avoid the evaluation process manually. Students can be automatically graded using the application and given a summary report.


For many years a great deal of stress has been placed on the elimination of the possibilities of autotransplantation of tumor during a surgical procedure. Various techniques have been evolved for different surgical procedures which would tend to prevent spillage and implantation of tumor. This study purposely involved autotransplantation of tumors to obtain knowledge of the nature of takes, length of incubation, growth rate, and possible action of autogenous tumor transplants as an autovaccine. Materials and Methods Volunteer patients with incurable cancer on the Chemotherapy Service at Roswell Park Memorial Institute were involved in this study; a total number of 82 patients were used. At the time of surgical exploration, multiple specimens of tumor were obtained; one portion was sent for pathological examination for confirmation of the diagnosis. After all necrotic or extraneous tissue had been excised, the other pieces of sterile tumor were finely minced with a scalpel and


Abstract. Significance: Contamination of diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS) measurements of cerebral blood flow (CBF) due to systemic physiology remains a significant challenge in the clinical translation of DCS for neuromonitoring. Tunable, multi-layer Monte Carlo-based (MC) light transport models have the potential to remove extracerebral flow cross-talk in cerebral blood flow index (CBFi) estimates. Aim: We explore the effectiveness of MC DCS models in recovering accurate CBFi changes in the presence of strong systemic physiology variations during a hypercapnia maneuver. Approach: Multi-layer slab and head-like realistic (curved) geometries were used to run MC simulations of photon propagation through the head. The simulation data were post-processed into models with variable extracerebral thicknesses and used to fit DCS multi-distance intensity autocorrelation measurements to estimate CBFi timecourses. The results of the MC CBFi values from a set of human subject hypercapnia sessions were compared with CBFi values estimated using a semi-infinite analytical model, as commonly used in the field. Results: Group averages indicate a gradual systemic increase in blood flow following a different temporal profile versus the expected rapid CBF response. Optimized MC models, guided by several intrinsic criteria and a pressure modulation maneuver, were able to more effectively separate CBFi changes from scalp blood flow influence than the analytical fitting, which assumed a homogeneous medium. Three-layer models performed better than two-layer ones; slab and curved models achieved largely similar results, though curved geometries were closer to physiological layer thicknesses. Conclusion: Three-layer, adjustable MC models can be useful in separating distinct changes in scalp and brain blood flow. Pressure modulation, along with reasonable estimates of physiological parameters, can help direct the choice of appropriate layer thicknesses in MC models.


The attempt to preserve a functional limb in treating low-grade malignant bone tumor presents a surgical challenge to anyone who must deal with such tumors. Surgeons have, after local resection, used prosthetic implants, massive autogenous transplants, with or without arthrodesis, or massive allografts. Elsewhere in this issue of the Journal Mankin et al. report on 15 patients followed for an average of almost two years after receiving massive allografts. They quite correctly state clearly and positively that the report is a preliminary one and the procedure is experimental because of the many problems. The reports of Parrish,1 Ottolenghi2 and Volkov . . .


Five main deformation units, discrete sheets of deformed sediments that lie between a significant thickness of undeformed sediment, were selected for study within Late Pleistocene lacustrine sands and clays in the Onikobe and Nakayamadaira Basins, northeastern Japan. The deformed units show evidence of deformation by a variety of mechanisms including fluidization, liquefaction, brittle failure and cohesive flow. Driving forces are thought to be primarily reverse density gradient systems, but also include gravitational body force, shear stress and unequal loading. The main trigger mechanisms are firstly earthquakes, secondly overloading from volcanic sands and thirdly, to a lesser extent, subaqueous currents. Consideration is given to criteria that allow the trigger mechanism to be identified. This study shows that the following criteria can be used to identify a seismic triggering agent: (i) setting; (ii) the extent of the deformation units; (iii) absence of evidence relating to other potential trigger mechanisms; and (iv) evidence relating to other potential trigger mechanisms is present but can be seen elsewhere in the stratigraphic section associated with undeformed sediment. Conversely, the following criteria, while they are important in interpreting the driving force and deformation mechanism, have no relevance to the trigger mechanism: (i) sediment composition; (ii) deformation structures being restricted to a single stratigraphic interval (<1 m thick) (not necessarily correlatable over large areas); and (iii) similarity to structures in the literature.


Background: Cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis, are the leading cause of death in the United States. Atherosclerotic lesions are formed by deposition of lipids in the intima of arteries. Upon exposure to oxidative stresses, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is converted to highly atherogenic oxidized LDL (ox-LDL) particles, which contribute to disease development and progression. Advanced disease stages may result in calcification of lesions. This calcification process is important, as it has been shown to be associated with stable plaques that are less prone to rupture. Calcification is present in lipid rich domains of lesions, however neither the composition of the mineralized calcium deposits nor its relationship to lipid peroxidation is known. Hypothesis: Lipid peroxide derived AZA induces calcification of smooth muscle cells thereby providing the link between calcification and overall plaque burden, and association of calcification with the lipophilic region of the lesion. Methods: In thi...


This article aims to examine and explain about the movement of the thinking of Mahmud Yunus thoughts on Islamic education. Mahmud Yunus is a figure of the renewal of Islamic education derived from Minagkabau. The idea of Mahmud Yunus in the field of Islamic education is generally strategic and is a pioneering work, in the sense that it has not been done by the Islamic education figures before. This type of research is literature research and data is derived from several secondary and tertiary literature related to the thought of Mahmud Yunus and its relevance to modern education. This study focused more on the attention and commitment of Mahmud Yunus to the development, improvement and development of Islamic education that can be seen further in some aspects of Islamic education thinking among others in terms of Islamic education, objectives, curriculum, teaching methods educators and institutional Islamic education.


Abstract Carbene intermediates have shown versatile applications in modern synthetic chemistry. Catalytic ruthenium carbene/alkyne metathesis (CAM) with readily available substrates renders an efficient procedure for the in situ generation of ruthenium vinyl carbene intermediates. Here, recent advances in synthetic applications of ruthenium-catalyzed carbene/alkyne metathesis (CAM) are highlighted. 1 Introduction 2 Ruthenium Vinyl Carbenes through Carbene/Alkyne Metathesis (CAM) 3 Nonpolar Transformations of Ruthenium Vinyl Carbenes 4 Polar Transformations of Ruthenium Vinyl Carbenes 4.1 Intramolecular Ruthenium-Catalyzed [1,5]- and [1,6]-Hydride Transfer/Cyclization 4.2 Heterocyclizations of Alkynals and Alkynones 4.3 Heterocyclizations of ortho-(Alkynyloxy)benzylamines 5 DFT Studies on the Stereoselectivity of the CAM Reaction 6 Conclusions


The present article speaks about the mother's knowledge on the challenges faced by the secondary school students, their existing knowledge regarding school counselling services, parents' expectation from the school and the opinion of mothers with regard to school counselling services in Bangaluru City. Counselling as a profession is definitely a child of the western countries. The Indian society with its strong family bonds and a warm community feeling and spiritual essence has been providing the shock absorbers in times of crisis and a support system to deal with the various psycho social issues. Perhaps; this is one reason for the slow growth of the profession of counselling in India. Secondary School students are faced with many problems, including psychological, social, vocational and education almost of which they are unable to solve on their own. They therefore need assistance in handling these problems. Guidance and counselling programme if well implemented can assist adolescents in problem solving. This article made an effort to know the opinion of mothers of students studying in 8 th to 10 th standard in two schools with regard to school counselling services in Bangaluru, Karnataka.


Simulation and modeling are key and difficult problems for the application of AI planning(especially,temporal planning).The start-of-the-art planning visualization tools can only support domain-independent visualization and are disabled to simulate practical scenario.There are some natural relations between chronicle planning and WPF(Windows Presentation Foundation)concepts.Based on such observation,this paper investigates the design of dynamic simulation for Europa2—the open source temporal planning platform of NASA based on the technique of WPF.The paper reveals the fact that,the chronicle planner based on timelines(e.g.Europa2)can be convieniently visually modeled and dynamically simulated using WPF technique.That provides a solution for the problem of designing a practical scenario simulation and modeling for AI planning systems.


The thesis aims to analyze soft targets focusing on the territory of Moravia. In theoretical part will be defined basic concepts, one part of the work is terrorism, but over attention will be paid to the definition of soft targets.The theoretical part is analysis risks. The practical part will focus on selecting a suitable methodology for analyzing soft targets, making analysis for soft targets and designing software MIST, which will serve to better identify soft targets. In conclusion will be the graphical representation of the most important of them.


An open-ended coaxial line was used for measurement of the complex permittivity of human blood. In dielectric characterization, modelling of the probe is a fundamental step, which permits the relationship between the complex electric admittance and the complex permittivity to be obtained. The electrical equivalent circuit model was investigated and the performances for blood measurement were estimated. In this paper we present the evaluation of a probe configuration as regards the frequency and the permittivity range measurement. The proposed model permits us to obtained result on fresh heparined human blood close to the literature value.


The concentrations of four cancerogenic elements (Pb, Cd, Ni, and As) determined in PM10 at three locations in the urban areas near the copper smelter in Bor (Serbia) were analyzed in the period from January 2017 to May 2020. The aim of this research was to examine the correlations between the selected elements and to compare them with those obtained previously. The reason for this is the fact that the new copper smelter started operating in Bor in 2016. The results presented here showed that the average content of As in PM10 was over the annual national limit at all sampling points for the total period of observation, as well the contents of Cd in PM10 at the sampling point Jugopetrol. The content of Pb in PM10 was over the annual limit only at sampling point Jugoperol. The correlations between the As-Pb, As-Cd, and Cd-Pb, at all sampling points, mostly vary from very strong (r>0.8) and strong (0.8>r>0.6) to moderate (0.6>r>0.4). Also, compared to previously obtained results, these correlations are generally stronger. Such results indicate that As, Cd, and Pb determined in PM10 mostly originate from the same source, the copper smelter in Bor. Opposite to that, correlations of Ni with other selected elements are mostly very weak (r<0.2) to moderate. This shows that Ni mostly originated from natural sources.


This paper is devoted to the nonparametric estimation of the jump rate and the cumulative rate for a general class of non-homogeneous marked renewal processes, defined on a separable metric space. In our framework, the estimation needs only one observation of the process within a long time. Our approach is based on a generalization of the multiplicative intensity model, introduced by Aalen in the seventies. We provide consistent estimators of these two functions, under some assumptions related to the ergodicity of an embedded chain and the characteristics of the process. The paper is illustrated by a numerical example.


Network intrusion detection systems (NIDS) are critical network security tools that help protect computer installations from malicious users. Traditional software-based NIDS architectures are becoming strained as network data rates increase and attacks intensify in volume and complexity. In recent years, researchers have proposed using FPGAs to perform the computationally-intensive components of intrusion detection analysis. In this work, we present a new NIDS architecture that integrates the network interface hardware and packet analysis hardware into a single FPGA chip. This integration enables a higher performance and more flexible NIDS platform. To demonstrate the benefits of this technique, we have implemented a complete and functional NIDS in a Xilinx Virtex II Pro FPGA that performs in-line packet analysis and filtering on multiple Gigabit Ethernet links using rules from the open-source Snort attack database.


The invention discloses a special toughening masterbatch for a mining polyethylene antistatic pipe and a preparation method thereof. The special toughening masterbatch is prepared from ethylene-octene copolymer resin matrix, a polar solvent, a first monomer, a second monomer, an initiator, a stabilizer, a lubricating assistant and an antioxidant additive. Toughening of a composite system is very important and screening and optimizing of a proper formula ratio is crucial for meeting concrete requirements of the mechanical property of the mining polyethylene antistatic pipe with high performance and the processing quality of the product. By adopting the special toughening masterbatch for the mining polyethylene antistatic pipe provided by the invention, the blank of the special toughening masterbatch for the mining polyethylene antistatic pipe with high performance is filled; and the mechanical property of conductive polyethylene can be effectively improved. Thus, the mechanical property of the material is ensured on the basis of good electric property.


"Most people look at a painting with their ears," runs the old Chinese proverb, although I suspect this is actually a bit of cynical Yankee wit of the P. T. Barnum variety, disguised as a pearl of ancient oriental wisdom. Those of us who teach art history know very well how difficult it is to persuade students to abandon what they have already been told about a work of art, replacing this inherited sagacity with the evidence of their own eyes and the discoveries of their own research. Perhaps we have good reason to be thankful that so many of these students come to our classrooms with zero prior knowledge of the subject, possessing the unbiased innocence of the "transparent eye-ball" that Emerson experienced only in moments of transcendental ecstasy.


The interpretation of experimental data on the Nernst and Seebeck effects in the mixed state of a type-II superconductor requires a careful treatment of the temperature-dependent electrothermal conductivity Sn(T)/rn(T) below Tc ~Sn5Seebeck coefficient, rn5resistivity!. For the cuprate superconductors such as YBa2Cu3O72d, a simple extrapolation from the normal-state behavior above Tc is inadequate and can lead to erroneous results, due to the opening of the superconducting energy gap and its effect on the temperature dependence of the quasiparticle scattering rate. In particular, the value of the thermal Hall angle of vortex motion depends sensitively on the correct treatment of the electrothermal conductivity below Tc . Taking experimental data for YBa2Cu3O72d films as an example, we show that the thermal Hall angle of vortex motion obtained from the data attains the expected small value only if the opening of the energy gap below Tc is taken into account. @S0163-1829~98!07013-1#


this famous theory by adam smith, and the purported consequences of this feature of humanity; that the pursuit of self-interest by individuals will generate a "harmonious outcome for economic society" (murphy, 2009: 122), has led adam smith to be considered the father of capitalist or free-market economics (fry, 1991). smith's argument is that, even though it is not done intentionally, when individuals act out of their own self-interest they are being guided by an "invisible hand" which results in them promoting the interest of the society as a whole. in truth, even though this theory is commonly attributed to smith, the sentiment is more properly accredited to Pierre de boisguilbert (murphy, 2009). however, for the purposes of this essay, the source of the theory isn't as important as its virtue as a scientific theory, and the consequences that it has on modern economics. in this essay i plan to analyse smith's theory of human self-interest using the demarcation principle of the famous Philosopher of science Karl Popper. the scientific value of smith's theory is important as one of the main results of the demarcation of a theory between being scientific, or non-scientific, is its ability to predict future events (salmon, THE STUDENT ECONOMIC REVIEW VOL. XXVII


Abstract A synthesis procedure for realizing a class of two-variable positive-real functions bilinear in one variable will be given here. The synthesis technique can be considered as a generalization of Ansell's synthesis procedure of two-variable reactance functions. Two examples will be given to illustrate the applicability of the above result in the synthesis of lumped-distributed structures and variable parameter networks.


Traffic congestion has become a serious problem as most of the roads are busy and has to suffer vehicular traffic at an increasing rate. Proficient Signaling Systems are indispensable for reducing traffic congestion at intersections. This work tries to design a model according to constraint markov decision process for a given reinforcement learning problem statement which prediction of traffic congestion at the intersection and lanes in a busy roads. A Green Light Simulator is used to simulate real time data set of the Bangalore Roads and Traffic. After that several TLC algorithms are run and efficiency is computed manually. In the third step policy is build using parameters that contain features like acceleration, velocity, no of vehicles plying on the road. Based on these parameters, the policy generated helps to predict congestion at the busy roads. The dataset includes traffic data from Bangalore Roads.


Rapidly growing needs for networking in the Internet and in intranets make network management increasingly important in today's computer world. Networking has influenced our everyday lives, as the interconnectivity of families and friends has changed the ways in which they communicate and seek information. In the growing world of networking, more and more emphasis is being placed on speed, connectivity, and reliability. Despite the many years of research efforts, the problem of network congestion control remains a critical issue and a high priority, especially given the growing size, demand, and speed (bandwidth) of the networks. Congestion is a complex process to define. The effect of network congestion is degradation in the network performance. And it is a problem that cannot be ignored. So in this paper we present the existing method of congestion control and enhance existing methods so as to achieve better quality of service.


At medium loading rates, void formation usually precedes plasticity in the matrix around the particles in rubber toughened polymers. Many authors have proposed models for the relationship between rubber surface energy, volume strain energy and void growth. In this paper, it is shown that another volume criterion must also be satisfied, arising from the fact that in all these models, no decohesion is allowed at the particle-matrix interface. A fracture mechanics approach, where linear and non linear elasticity are assumed for the matrix and the rubber particle respectively, is used to define a void formation criterion depending on the rubber fracture surface energy. After formation, the stability of the void is examined, taking into account the volume conservation between matrix and particle and the stress due to surface tension when the void size is very small. A size effect is observed, indicating that voids cannot grow in small particles. The required value of fracture energy in a particle on a microscopic scale is discussed.


Economic growth and energy consumption have been a concerned point of present society,electricity consumption is the main embodiment.Econometric model with structural variables is used to study the relationship between electric power consumption and economic growth of China,and the influence of economic structural change before and after the implementation of reform and open policy on electric power consumption is analyzed.The results show that the long-term,balanced and stable relation between electric power consumption and economic growth exists and that industrial structure adjustment has active influence on promoting electric use efficiency and saving electric power.With the developing of economy and further industrial structure adjustment,the electric power use efficiency will be obviously promoted.


The present invention relates to a device (100) for portable apparatus (102) user, comprising a folding portion (104) on the user device (102), said flap portion (104) comprising at least two sensor layers, each kept at a guard potential and comprising at least one capacitive sensing electrode: - a first of said layers being arranged to perform a detection function of at least one capacitive control object located on one side of said flap portion (104); - a second of said layers being arranged to provide a capacitive function of detecting at least one control object located on the other side of said flap portion (104); in order to trigger a function in the user device (102). It also relates to an apparatus (10) with such an accessory device.


There has been a recent increase in the number of neonatal intensive care units. The literature suggests that premature innfants are poorly parented more frequently than full term infants. It is known that low birth weight and seriously ill infants have a higher incidence of abuse and failure-to-thrive than those born at full term. In order to provide optimal care for parents of high risk infants an attempt was made to assess what these parents perceived their needs to be. They were offered an opportunity to be a part of a parent group and/or speak to a professional on an individual basis.Sixty-one parents of infants from age 1-18 months were evaluated using a brief semi-structured interview. Results indicated that 62% of parents interviewed wanted the intervention program. A discriminant analysis was performed to determine what variables correlated with the parents desire to engage in the intervention program.Higher socio-economic status (SES) and greater severity of illness were directly correlated with parents wanting an intervention. Younger maternal age and lower SES were correlated with not wanting the intervention program.Programs designed to meet the needs of these parents should be part of the comprehensive care prescription. Other programs must be designed to reach the low SES young mother.


Background: Bleeding and thromboembolic complications have been reported after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). The exposure of blood to foreign surface during extracorporeal circulation (ECC) leads to an activation of the coagulation system. Thrombin — antithrombin III complexes (TAT) are the biological markers of thrombin generation in vivo. The aim of the work was to study the influence of ECC on thrombin generation in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) undergoing CABG. Material and methods: Thirty patients (22 men, 8 women at mean age 58.0 ± 8.0 years) undergoing CABG (group I — 19 patients operated with ECC; group II — 11 patients operated without ECC) were included in the study. Blood was obtained before, during and on the 1 and 3 day after operation. Plasma concentration of thrombin-antithrombin III complexes (TAT) was determined by ELISA method. Results: Preoperative concentration of TAT complexes in patients with CHD was significantly higher in comparison to the control group (p < 0.0001). During CABG the plasma level of TAT complexes increased only in the group I (operated with ECC). Concentration of TAT complexes was elevated significantly at the end of ECC and after administration of protamine. Conclusions: The enhanced thrombin generation was observed in CHD patients before operation. During CABG with ECC, despite administration of high dose of heparin, the activation of coagulation and thrombin formation were noticed. (Folia Cardiol. 2004; 11: 839–845) thrombin–antithrombin III complexes, coronary artery bypass graft (CABG), extracorporeal circulation (ECC)


Five commercial and two experimental turkey broiler feeding programs were compared with a control program by feeding from day-old to market weight (5.0-kg males). The performance of the poults fed the commercial feeds varied widely in rate of growth, feed consumption, feed conversion, carcass grade and cost of meat production. Carcass composition was not greatly influenced by the feeding program, but the eviscerated carcass yield of birds requiring an extended growing period was reduced. An experimental program of progressively increasing nutrient density produced well-finished broilers at 89 days of age with improved feed consumption and conversion over the controls. Another experimental program in which the diets included dehydrated alfalfa, dried brewer's yeast and partly delactosed whey gave no advantage over the wheat–soybean–meat meal diets of the control program. Chemical analysis of the registered commercial feeds revealed little relationship between the actual and guaranteed analyses except for c...


We read with interest the article by Dom ınguez et al. 'Onabotulinumtoxin A in chronic migraine: predictors of response. A prospective multicentre descriptive study' [1]. The authors reported an increased onabotulinumtoxin A (BoNT-A) responsiveness in patients with unilateral pain, fewer monthly disability days, milder headache at baseline and shorter disease duration, suggesting that the time interval between chronic migraine (CM) diagnosis and BoNT-A treatment should be reduced. The paper emphasizes the usefulness of an early CM prophylaxis, a general and intuitive suggestion applicable to all patients (as pathophysiological changes underlying chronicization are less pronounced at early stages), but omits to discuss less obvious – but intriguing – implications of BoNT-A responsiveness in patients with unilateral pain, a specific feature which might identify a selective responder CM endophenotype. Unilateral pain location – especially if coupled to unilateral cranial parasympathetic symptoms does matter when using trigeminal-targeted treatments such as BoNT-A, a neurotoxin inducing a selective chemical denervation of sensitized peripheral trigeminal endings [2]. In fact, BoNT-A is more effective in chronic migraineurs with higher calcitonin generelated peptide (trigeminal activation marker) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (parasympathetic activation marker) plasma levels [3], ocular pain distribution (a topography tracing the cutaneous distribution of the first branch of the trigeminal nerve) and implosive pain quality [4], features which could reflect the activation of the trigemino-autonomic reflex [5]. Hence, unilateral pain in a subset of CM patients indicates the persistence of a clinically meaningful peripheral trigeminal sensitization a typical episodic migraine feature – also during the chronic phase (characterized by central sensitization), making them more sensitive to BoNT-A [2]. In our opinion, Dom ınguez et al.'s findings confirm once again that an easy way to improve BoNT-A responsiveness prediction in CM might be to step back and reappraise 'where the headache is' [6]: an easily obtainable, non-trivial clinical detail that may be of help for tailored therapies and customized healthcare in migraine, in the precision medicine era.


A method of making seals between copper tubing and Pyrex glass tubing is described. The joints so constructed behave very satisfactorily under the most rigorous heat treatment.


This note outlines a novel approach to the construction of quantum eld theories on four-dimensional Minkowski space, which is based on operator-algebraic techniques. It is explained how Rieel deformations can be used to deform quantum eld theories in a


"One has to wonder how John Elferink even keeps his job. In the past few months we've seen: • His wildly offensive comments directed at Seniors, during Seniors month; • His unacceptable bullying behaviour in threatening violence against female MLAs, which saw him disendorsed as a White Ribbon ambassador; • Continuing turmoil in our Corrections system, including his callous dismissal of serious allegations from Human Rights groups about the treatment of youth in detention; and • The utterly unbelievable debacle of the Palmerston hospital concrete pour, which would be laughable if it wasn't so serious.


This study explored vocational high school (VHS) students' identity and investment during their English learning in the class at a private VHS in a rural area. The aim of this study was to understand how student identity impacted their investment in learning English. This study also attempted to seek factors that influenced students' investment in learning English. To answer the research questions of this study, the narrative method was applied. This study involved six students from a VHS. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions which was used to explore learning English at the VHS. The results revealed that the students had different ideas about their English learning. They are learning English outside the classroom, English necessity for future career, reluctant in learning English, perspective on future self. This study also revealed that the participants' investment in learning English was hindered by five factors such as teaching method, inconvenient classroom environment, lack of knowledge, family, peer support, and having a part time job. VHS students need support to encourage them to commit investing their time and effort in improving their English language skills. The implication of this study is the importance of teachers encouraging learners' investment in order to achieve desirable learning outcomes.


It is clear that the field cost of recording single sweep Vibroseis data or any other form of nonsite‐processed data increases at least in proportion to the tape cost. Picking the example of 9-track 1600 bpi (phase encoding) drives may not be of direct relevance in Europe, where most recording is on 6250 bpi (GCR) decks, but the hardware cost of adding another 6250 bpi drive, plus possibly some small additional necessary pieces of equipment, is of order of $100,000. Costs would be less in purchasing a 1600 bpi drive but savings made over the cost of the 6250 bpi system would quickly be lost by extra tape cost. Most real Vibroseis crews nowadays have a higher data rate than that suggested by the 48 traces mentioned in Maliphant's discussion. Additional daily cost would, therefore, be much larger than $1300/day.


In this work we study the spreading dynamics of tiny liquid droplets on solid surfaces in the case where the ends of the molecules feel different interactions with respect to the surface. We consider a simple model of dimers and short chainlike molecules that cannot form chemical bonds with the surface. We use constant temperature Molecular Dynamics techniques to examine in detail the microscopic structure of the time dependent precursor film. We find that in some cases it can exhibit a high degree of local order that can persist even for flexible chains. Our model also reproduces the experimentally observed early and late–time spreading regimes where the radius of the film grows / t 0.5 . The ratios of the associated transport coefficients are in good overall agreement with experiments. Our density profiles are also in good agreement with measurements on the spreading of molecules on hydrophobic surfaces.


In the popularization of higher education,general universities and colleges are in responsible for cultivation of qualified talents to the services for local construction.And English major is one of the most important specialties in these universities.Thus a feature teaching mode focused on the English specialty course infiltration will be of great significance to the developing of applied talents in local areas.


Previous studies explain the extension of royal power in fifteenth-century France by the professionalization of military combat or by the commercialization of economic activity. Neither approach can account for the turnaround in Charles VII's fortunes between 1435 and 1445. Using Lösch's model of spatial competition to examine the determinants of state borders, we suggest that the key factor in the formation of the French hexagon was an innovation in artillery projectiles that increased military scale economies. A reduction in state economic intervention apparently accompanied this development rather than the increase suggested elsewhere.


Abstract This case report describes an early presentation (<6 hours) of Neisseria meningitidis serogroup A in a neonate born to a mother who was a carrier of the bacterium (nasopharynx, intracervical and whole blood). The neonate succumbed to the infection. N. meningitidis was recovered from cerebrospinal fluid. The isolates of the mother and infant were proven identical by multilocus variable-number tandem repeat analysis. The early presentation and presence of circulating DNA of the organism suggested an intrauterine transfer of the disease.


Airspaces worldwide are becoming more heavily used. This includes the use of unmanned aircraft systems, which is rapidly growing. In order to ensure reliable communication for aircraft, the air-ground channel must be accurately characterized. A significant channel impairment that has not been thoroughly studied is airframe shadowing-obstruction of the line-of-sight signal by the aircraft itself. In this paper, we report on measured results for this shadowing phenomenon in two frequency bands, for a medium-sized aircraft. We present results for two example shadowing events in terms of shadowing depth and duration, and provide distributions of shadowing depth and duration for our entire data set. We show that for both bands, airframe shadowing can be more than 30 dB, and can last for tens of seconds.


Gasket (4) has a recess (43) which is attached to the coupler of the plunger rod, the packing portion exhibiting flexibility and (42), the core member harder than the packing unit (42) and (41) provided. The inner peripheral surface of the recess (43), can be screwed a female screw portion (413) is provided on the male threaded portion provided on the outer peripheral surface of the coupler. Core member (41) has a helical shape that defines an inner peripheral surface and a female threaded portion provided on the inner peripheral surface of the recess (43) to (413). Packing unit (42) covers the outer peripheral surface of the core member (41) while defining a sliding surface for contact with the inner peripheral surface of the barrel.


The development of a distortion methodology, method D, was documented, and its application to steady state and unsteady data was demonstrated. Three methodologies based upon DIDENT, a NASA-LeRC distortion methodology based upon the parallel compressor model, were investigated by applying them to a set of steady state data. The best formulation was then applied to an independent data set. The good correlation achieved with this data set showed that method E, one of the above methodologies, is a viable concept. Unsteady data were analyzed by using the method E methodology. This analysis pointed out that the method E sensitivities are functions of pressure defect level as well as corrected speed and pattern.


In order to optimize energy consumption in an air conditioning system for a motor vehicle comprising a refrigeration circuit (1) equipped with an electric compressor (2) whose rotation frequency is controlled in accordance with a set value the invention provides a command control system in compressor frequency. The system comprises means (8, 9, 10, 17) for measuring one or more physical parameters in the refrigeration cycle, processing means (20) for calculating at least one value from the measured parameters. The calculated value is indicative of a change in the temperature of the airflow cooling capacity with respect to the power consumption of the compressor. The processing means (20) compares the calculated value with one or more threshold values, and a frequency control means (13) of the compressor connected to the processing means (20) adjusts the rotational frequency of the electric compressor according to the result of the comparison.


A simple method was introduced to determine the activities of activated carbon-supported palladium (Pd/AC) catalysts in the hydrogenation of cinnamic acid (CA). Catalytic transfer hydrogenation (CT...


The variation of parameters of a stochastic dimensionless model of rainfall due to seasonal and regional climatic differ ences is examined. For the model under examination, the accu mulated storm precipitation process is nondimensionalized by dividing the precipitation at any time by the total storm pre cipitation, and the elapsed time by the total duration. The process is divided into 10 equal dimensionless time increments, and the depth increments are rescaled to range between 0 and 1 by dividing each increment by the fraction of the precipitation that occurred between the beginning of that time period and the end of the storm. Regional variations of model parameters were examined by identifying the parameters for data from Walnut Gulch Experi mental Watershed near Tombstone, AZ, and Al amogordo Creek Experimental Watershed near Santa Rosa, NM for the summer sea son. Seasonal differences were detected by also identifying model parameters for winter rainfall at Walnut Gulch Experimen tal Watershed. The effects of storm amounts and durations were also examined by dividing each data set into four subsamples based on storm duration and amount. The short duration summer storms from Al amogordo Creek, NM were similar to the simmer thunderstorms at Walnut Qjlch, AZ, while the long-duration storms were similar to the winter storms at Walnut Gulch. Simulation techniques and a deterministic rainfall-runoff model were used to examine the sensitivity of derived variables such as storm runoff volumes and peak runoff rates to varia tions in rainfall disaggregation model parameters due to season and location. The KolmogorovrSmirnov statistic, D*, is used as an index of goodness of fit between empirical distributions of peak rate simulated using observed rainfall data and those obtained using rainfall input simulated with the disaggregation model and two simpler approximations. INTRODUCTION The adoption of physically based infiltration models as


A closed-form solution to a specific least squares estimation using the pseudoinverse is described in this paper. Usually, the pseudoinverse solution is calculated numerically using standard matrix algebra. This calculation involves a matrix inversion, which can be numerically prohibitive if the number of measurements (or number of matrix elements) is very large. The closed-form solution presented in this paper eliminates this restriction by removing the need to directly calculate the pseudoinverse to determine the least squares answer. This closed-form solution is illustrated with an astronomical example in which the method is used to re-center a very large number of frames of a stellar image in a least squares sense.


The trend of electronic reconnaissance in short wave is wideband reconnaissance,and channelized technology is the key of it.The advantages of poly-phase channelized let it become the first choice of channelized technology.In this paper,based on the DSP realization,we research the principle of poly-phase channelized,analyze the main factor for realization,and put the design method.All the experimental results behind show that the design in DSP is valid and practical.


Automated extraction of popular news from the freely accessible news corpora is becoming important in today's internet world. Because of the availability of large volumes of news wire sources, it is hectic for the human beings to search and decide whether it is popular or not. This necessitates a tool which should extract hot news in a period of time. Term weighting is a useful technique which extracts salient features from the text documents. Though, there exist different tools based on different term weighting algorithms, these are inaccurate in the extraction of hot news. In this paper, a new feature extraction algorithm for long running events based on frequency, position, scattering and topicality is proposed. Experimentation has been done on different retrospective news wire sources. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is suitable for extracting hot news. © 2014 Elixir All rights reserved ARTIC LE INF O Article h istory: Received: 21 August 2013; Received in revised form: 25 July 2014; Accepted: 5 August 2014;


The effective-action formalism is applied to a gas of bosons. The equations describing the condensate and the excitations are obtained using the loop expansion for the effective action. For a homo ...


Wireless sensor networks are currently an active research area mainly due to the potential of their applications. However, their deployment in large scale still requires solutions to a number of technical challenges that stem primarily from the features of the sensor nodes such as limited computational power, reduced communication bandwidth and small storage capacity. Indeed, sensor nodes are typically powered by batteries with limited capacity which do not guarantee an attractive lifetime of the nodes, unless adequate power saving policies are undertaken. In this book some novel approaches to distributed data aggregation and compression are proposed, inheriting techniques from the computational intelligence world, with the final aim of minimizing the energy consumption of the communication unit. The content should help shed some light on this new and exciting environment, and should be especially useful for sensor networking and embedded systems professionals including development engineers, researchers, system architects, in a wide variety of companies from the defense industry to the home computing and electronics industry.


Polylactic acid (PLA) is a potential polymer to be used in various applications due to biodegradable and biocompatible characteristics. However, its brittle nature limits the usage of PLA. In order to improve the brittleness of PLA, liquid epoxidized natural rubber (LENR) was incorporated with PLA. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of LENR as toughening agent on rigid PLA matrix in term of mechanical and thermal properties. Polylactic acid/liquid epoxidized natural rubber (PLA/LENR) blends were prepared by melt blending method using Brabender internal mixer with temperature 160 ?, mixing speed of 60 rpm and molded into test samples by compression molding. The LENR content was varied from 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 wt%. It was found that the addition of LENR increased the impact strength of PLA.10 wt% of LENR showed the optimum impact strength which was 86.05 J/m. However, tensile strength and tensile modulus decreased slightly with increasing of LENR content. The morphology of PLA/LENR blends showed a good dispersion of LENR on PLA matrix at 10 wt% LENR. The differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) showed a gradual drop in melting temperature (Tm) as well as glass transition temperature (Tg) as LENR content increased.


In this paper, we propose an architecture for Network of Information mobile node (NetInf MN). It bears characteristics and features of basic NetInf node architecture with features introduced in the LISP MN architecture. We also introduce a virtual node layer for mobility management in the Network of Information. Therefore, by adopting this architecture no major changes in the contemporary network topologies is required. Thus, making our approach more practical.


We utilize the high precision discrete element model sharing on internet to construct accurate geometric model employed for estimation of scattering response and give the estimation and analysis of aircraft carrier. Furthermore, we realize the division of discrete element model and estimate the scattering response from each part and two-bounce effects in same parts and the coupling effect among two parts.


Agave fibers were used to elaborate a transparent and flexible cellulose hydrogel films used as scaffold for tissue regeneration and tested by in vitro assays with NIH 3T3 fibroblast cells. Using dimethylacetamide/lithium chloride (DMAc/LiCl) system was possible to obtain cellulose solutions and hydrogel films were prepared by phase inverse method without cross-linker. The concentration of LiCl in the DMAc solution was varied from 4 to 12 wt% in the phase inversion process and then the cytotoxicity was tested for 14 days on the cultivation. The resultant hydrogel films showed better cytocompatibility than the PS dish used as control. The cell growing images showed that the hydrogel films with lower LiCl apparently contained ordered and aggregated fiber orientation. This comparison suggested that the segmental microstructure in the hydrogel films influenced fibroblast cells spreading. In addition, the agave hydrogel films displayed good stability without biodegradiation through the cell cultivation.


Objective To explore the efficacy and safety of infliximab in patients with refractory psoriatic arthritis during 22 weeks.Methods Eighteen patients with psoriatic arthritis who were treated with standard treatment of NSAIDs and DMARDs for at least six months and remains with active psoriatic arthritis were enrolled and given infusions of 3 mg/kg infliximab at week 0,2,6 and 14.The primary outcome were measured by the percentages of patients achieving the psoriatic arthritis response criteria(PsARC)and the psoriasis area and severity index 50% response(PASI 50) at week 2,14,22.Subordinate indexes including the percentages of patients achieving PASI 70 and PASI 90,swollen and tender joint counts,the patient and evaluator global assessments,the score of PASI and HAQ,and the level of C-reactive protein were also evaluated.Blood routine examination,autoantibody,liver function,renal function,chest X-ray and other tests were conducted before the treatment and during observations.The adverse effects were recorded.Results The percentages of patients achieving the PsARC and PASI 50 were both 55.6% at week 2,72.2% and 83.3% at week 14 and both 88.9% at week 22.33.3% of patients got PASI70 at week 2,55.6% at week 14 and 77.8% at week 22,while the percentages of the patients who obtained PASI90 were 22.2% at week 2,38.9% at week 14 and 61.1% at week 22.Improvements of other measures were significant when compared with the baseline(P0.05).Three patients were infected during the observation and were cured with symptomatic treatment.There were no serious side effects.Conclusion Infliximab has a preferable efficacy and security in the treatment of refractory psoriatic arthritis.


Measurement of affective ranges of the regional center is a basic work in the urban system plan and the division of urban economic zones.This paper measures affective ranges of the Wuhan East-lake Hi-tech Development Zone by the theory of space interaction and using the breaking-point model,and divides its affective ranges to four circle Layers.The results show that Jiangxia district is the main affected area,having the special and ideal position.Further,paper analyzes the radiation effects of the Development Zone,which are reflected in the growing of regional economic aggregate,upgrading of regional economic industrial structure and evolution of regional economic spatial structure.


The Hubble Telescope should make it possible to separate the redshift of light from any cosmological object into that redshift due to the gravitational potential difference between the emission and reception points and that portion due the distance between these points by comparing the redshifts measured on the Earth's surface to redshifts measured by the Hubble Telescope. This would allow a remapping of the cosmological objects and an increased understanding of gravitational conditions of these objects.


Abstract In this study, an effort was made to identify group change and development in the physical education class through observation and recording, sociometric tests, and the Dimock's Best Friends Test, and to analyze the effectiveness of these techniques as possible tools for the teacher. Group movement and growth in the physical education situation were identified by all three devices. Since the keeping of detailed recordings of daily observations and the subjective judgment required in their analysis are inefficient and impractical for the teacher, sociometric tests, based on the results of this investigation, are simplest to administer to indicate changes and growth, and are most productive of meaningful results for the teacher.


Figure 3(b) in the published version of this article has a minor error. The code that generated Figure 3(b) erroneously multiplied every quantity by a factor of ≈0.36. Figure 3(a) was created by a correct plotting code and was therefore unaffected by this error. The corrected version of Figure 3 is shown below. The rest of the paper is unchanged. The author thanks Martin Ilgner, Taku Takeuchi, Raymond Menzel, and Wayne Roberge for pointing out this error.


The randomized multicenter trial was conducted to compare the
tolerability of gemcitabine plus cisplatin GP vs. gemcitabine
plus carboplatin GC in chemonaive stage IIIb and IV pts. The
enrolled pts, 87 in the GP branch and 89 in GC branch, were
balanced demographically and for disease characteristics.
Results show that that both regimens were comparable. GC may
offer acceptable option for patients unable to receive
cisplatin.


Using of twelve morphological markers,the population genetic diversity of Angiopteris caudatiformis Hi-eron were studied through 16 populations specimen from Yunnan.The results showed that the genetic diversity ex-isted in different populations,whose CV went beyond 88%.The variance of reproductive traits was less than that of nutrition traits.The correlation analysis indicated that significant correlations existing in each morphological charac-ter.The nested variance analysis showed that there was 81.99% varation on average came from different individuals in the same population,which indicated the genetic variance mainly existed within populations


Background: Occlusive vasculitis affecting the optic nerve or chiasm is an infrequent delayed complication of radiation treatment. Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) has been used to treat such a complication...


We reconstruct, for the first time, the refractive index profile of a highly reflecting fiber Bragg grating with a reflectivity of 99.91%. The reconstruction is performed by combining the refractive index profiles measured from both sides of the grating.


This article studied the hydrodynamics of steam boilers with natural circulation. Using analytic equations the hydrodynamic characteristics of the flow in the circuits of a steam boiler are obtained. By method of analysis of the characteristics, the pressure drop between the branches of the boiler circuit also the mass flow of steam-water mixture is obtained. The limit steam dryness at the end of the evaporator surface of a steam boiler is found, that is the reliability of steam generating tubes is defined, that is an actual problem in the operation of the steam device in general.


At present, the data on aligned primary sequences of protein families are being accumulated very rapidly. One of promising approaches to analysis of these data is to study correlations between amino acid substitutions at positions of protein sequences [1-3]. The information obtained could be valuable for revealing the peculiarities of the structure and function of the proteins under study. In relation to this topic, the main goal is to develop publicly available methods and software for correlation analysis of protein sequences. During analysis of co-adaptive substitutions, two important tasks appear. The first is to study correlations of amino acid substitutions at positions of a protein in order to reveal the pairs of residues that are related due to functional interactions (e.g., steric contact). The resulted information could be used for prediction of possible contacts between the residues [4,5]. The second task is to reveal and analyse the conserved integral physico-chemical characteristics of a protein [6,7]. As the examples of these characteristics may serve the total charge of a protein molecule, the volume of its hydrophobic core, hydrophobic moments of alpha helices, etc. The constancy of these characteristics in the course of evolution implies that they are responsible for the key features significant for protein structure and function. Co-adaptive substitutions may be one of possible mechanisms for supporting the constancy of these characteristics, together with invariance of residues at positions of a protein and conserved substitutions of residues to those similar by physico-chemical properties [6]. In the present communication, we introduce the software package CRASP designed for analysis of physicochemical pairwise correlations between amino acid substitutions at positions of aligned sequences of a protein family. In this package, we have realized an approach that is based on revealing of conserved physico-chemical characteristics of a protein obtained on the basis of information about correlations of substitutions of amino acids at the pairwise positions of a protein. The software package is available via the Internet at http://wwwmgs.bionet.nsc.ru/programs/CRASP. By using the software package developed, it is possible to reveal the pairs of protein positions, at which amino acid substitutions occur in a co-adaptive manner; the approach is based on estimation of correlation coefficient between the values of a certain physico-chemical parameter at a pair of positions of multiply aligned proteins. Besides, the package enables the following procedures: to analyze the obtained information on pairwise correlations between substitutions; to reveal both conserved and variable integral physico-chemical characteristics of a protein; to evaluate how conservation (or variability) of revealed characteristics is produced by co-adaptive substitutions of residues. It should be noted that the software package consists of two modules: the program for analysis of correlations of substitutions at the pairs of protein positions and the program for analysis of integral protein characteristics. In principle, the user can address to each of these two modules independently (in particular, in case the physicochemical characteristics is a priori known by a user). The block-scheme of the software package CRASP is shown in Fig. 1.


Author Summary: The Pierre Gy Sampling Gold Medal is awarded to individuals who have made "significant contributions to teaching and dissemination of the theory and practice of sampling". Kim Esbensen provides a history of the PGSGM and its recipients.


Brideshead Revisited, which appeared in 1945, seems to have provided both the impetus and focal point for most of the existing criticism of Evelyn Waugh's fiction. If one wishes to discuss the six earlier "comic" novels -Decline and Fall (1928), Vile Bodies (1930), Black Mischief (1932), A Handful of Dust (1934), Scoop, (1938), and Put Out More Flags (1942)-it has become more or less customary to mention how Brideshead Revisited, the seventh novel and the first "serious" work, differs from them. And if one examines Mr. Waugh's post-war novels, Brideshead Revisited can always be used as a kind -of norm: a later novel belongs either with the serious works, or with the peculiar comic tradition established by the first six novels. However, Brideshead Revisited has itself evoked sufficient critical disagreement to imply that, even at this late date, it still presents problems worth investigating. One of the difficulties confronting the student of Mr. Waugh's fiction is the virtual impossibility of placing this author securely within a single comic tradition. His obviously comic novels seem far too meaningful to be regarded as mere caricature, and yet they lack both the tinge of bitterness one normally associates with irony, and the moral indigation which usually accompanies satire. Erwin Stiirzl identifies him with the tradition of Defoe and Smollett;' and while this is certainly debatable, it emphasizes the importance of plot and craftsmanship in the creation of the earlier novels. The distinctions usually accorded Mr. Waugh are that, until 1945, his fiction reveals a steady progression away from this craftsman's tradition and toward the more conventional novel in which action grows out of motivation fimly grounded upon character, and that Brideshead Revisited represents a complete escape from his earlier tradition. Although critics have disagreed with both of these judgments, none has examined Brideshead Revisited within the specific context provided by the six novels which preceded it, a context of both thought and technique. Such a consideration will reveal a remarkable amount of similarity between this novel and the earlier ones; further, a detailed examination of these similari-


The essence of ideological and political education in media is the process of value orientation and value selection,which may lead the media and disseminators to a dilemma.The major causes are the double attributes,diverse forms,multiple channel transmission of modern media,and disseminators'lack of responsibility and self-discipline.To tackle the problem,it is necessary for the media to develop audience awareness,to undertake the full moral responsibilities,to follow the rules of ideological and political education,to reap both social and economic benefits,and to defend the moral bottom line of social conscience.


This paper examines cost efficiency in the Spanish municipal public sector, in a specific geographic area (the Canary Isles, Spain), with respect to financial condition and different types of municipal debt. The study focuses on municipalities dependent on tourism and on the consequences to them of the Great Recession, doing so via a two-stage analysis. In the first, the order-m method is used to evaluate the cost efficiency of 77 Canary Isles municipalities, for the period 2008-12. In the second stage, we examine the effect produced on cost efficiency by different types of borrowing (long term, short term, financial and commercial) together with other financial, economic, political and quality variables, using the model developed by Simar and Wilson (2007), based on a truncated bootstrap regression with panel data. Empirical analysis shows that in times of crisis there is a significant relationship between the components of financial condition and cost efficiency. Inconclusion, municipal cost efficiency increases with commercial debt, but decreases with financial debt. Furthermore, certain socioeconomic variables affect the levels of cost efficiency. ©2019 ASEPUC. Published by EDITUM Universidad de Murcia. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).


The Gravesend Bay Anchorage was one of seven waterways that the US Army Corps of Engineers-New York District (USACE-NYD) requested the Battelle Marine Sciences Laboratory (MSL) to sample and evaluate for dredging and disposal in February 1994. Sediment samples were submitted for physical and chemical analyses to provide baseline sediment chemistry data on the Gravesend Bay Anchorage. Individual sediment core samples collected at the Gravesend Bay Anchorage were analyzed for grain size, moisture content, and total organic carbon (TOC). Two samples, one of composited sediment cores representing the southeast corner of the anchorage (COMP GR), and one sediment core representing the northeast corner of the anchorage (Station GR-1 0), were analyzed for bulk density, specific gravity, metals, chlorinated pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners, polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), and 1,4-dichlorobenzene.


Calibration techniques for liquid flowmeters are discussed with emphasis on problems which are known to influence the accuracy of calibration procedures. Also, reference methods which have been used to evaluate the comparative accuracy of different calibrators are described. The results of comparative accuracy tests on four calibrators of different designs are presented and it is shown that the agreement between these is within ±0.15 per cent in the test range of 10,000 to 100,000 lb per hr. The many precautions necessary to approach this precision from the traditionally accepted "plus and minus one per cent" are given in detail.


The present invention, containing Si and O, and is represented by O atomic ratio x is 0 <x <2 for the Si, surface Si (220) in X-ray diffraction pattern using a CuKα line a half-width of diffraction peak when a B, relates to a cathode active material, characterized in that B <3 ° (2θ). A negative electrode, the negative electrode active material, the non-aqueous electrolyte cell


The inductances of segmental primary Permanent Magnet Linear Synchronous Motor(PMLSM) is variable with the position of the PM mover.The method applied to calculate asymmetric parameters L(x0) and M(x0) of the PMLSM were proposed.The derived analytical formulas reveal that non-linear,asymmetric and variable parameter of the primary when end effects and saturation were considered.The conclusion:LdLqL1 was obtained.The results calculated by FEM and measured by experiments show that the analytical formulas are suitable.The conclusion applies to other PMLSM.


Beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate (HMB) is a Leucine metabolite with protein anabolic effect. The aim of the study was to examine the effect of short-term consumption of HMB supplementation on Hs-CRP after eccentric resistance exercise in young futsal players. Twenty-four young male futsal players were selected and randomly divided into two groups of 12 of supplementation and placebo. Subjects consumed HMB or placebo for 6 days before a session of eccentric resistance exercise. Blood samples were taken to measuring Hs-CRP in 4 times. The results showed that the effect of HMB supplementation on Hs-CRP as an inflammatory marker was significant. In conclusion this supplementation may be used as factor for decreasing the body inflammation caused by intense exercises.


Using qualitative research with case studies of firms in the Australian retail sector, this thesis explores the link between brand differentiation, customer insights, and strategy development to deliver a unique customer experience. The research focus is how brand expression is driven by customer insights. Findings indicate that customer experience is made tangible by the strategic design and alignment of the brand's expression and is crucial to retail success. A significant practical outcome is the development of the Brand Differentiated Model. Created as a tool to potentially assist retailers develop brands from the 'inside out' and confront future disruptions.


In the article with the aim of the functioning efficiency of the unified state system of civil protection to minimize the consequences and prevent the depletion or destruction of individual natural complexes and resources (i.e., excessive pollution of the environment and the destructive effects of natural forces and other factors that limit or exclude the possibility of life of a person and the implementation of economic activity under these conditions) the results of further development of the scientific and technical foundations for the implementation of a system for operational monitoring of a certain area have been presented. These results were based on the example of the issues of reconnaissance and clarification of the area parameters contaminated by hazardous chemicals using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) where an environmental emergency has been occurred. It has been established that the main criterion for the effectiveness of the use of UAVs is the time of monitoring the area of an environmental emergency. That time is associated with both the characteristics and the formation of the UAV flight path.

In the article the method of forming a flight path for reconnaissance and clarifying the parameters of the contamination zone of the area with hazardous chemicals by one UAV was presented. Also, the formation of the flight path when using the group flight of the UAV was presented. As a result of the research, it was found that with the group version of monitoring the UAV terrain, the flight time is significantly reduced. This proves the effectiveness of organizing such an option for monitoring a certain area of an emergency environmental situation.


Background and Purpose— The emerging concept of the neurovascular unit in stroke reemphasizes the need to focus on endothelial responses in brain. In this study we examined the role of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase signaling in the regulation of hypoxic cell death in cerebral endothelial cells. Methods— Human cerebral microvascular endothelial cells were exposed to 4 to 12 hours of hypoxia followed by 12 to 24 hours of reoxygenation. Cytotoxicity was measured by quantifying lactate dehydrogenase release. DNA laddering and caspase-3 activity were assessed to document a role for caspase-dependent cell death. zVAD-fmk and zDEVD-fmk were used to inhibit caspases. Activation of extracellular signal–regulated kinase (ERK), p38, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) was assessed with Western blotting and kinase activity assays. U0126, SB203580, and SP600125 were used to interrupt the ERK, p38, and JNK pathways, respectively. Results— Endothelial cell death occurred primarily during reoxygenation. DNA laddering and caspase activation were observed, and cytotoxicity was ameliorated by caspase inhibitors (20 &mgr;mol/L of zVAD-fmk or zDEVD-fmk). Among the 3 major MAP kinases, only p38 was transiently activated during reoxygenation, and inhibition with 10 &mgr;mol/L of SB203580 significantly reduced cytotoxicity. No effects were observed with other MAP kinase inhibitors. Cytoprotection with SB203580 was not accompanied by caspase downregulation. In contrast, cytoprotection with zVAD-fmk was associated with a decrease in p38 activation. Furthermore, cleavage of MEKK1 (an upstream kinase of p38) was significantly reduced by zVAD-fmk. Conclusions— Cerebral endothelial cell death after hypoxia-reoxygenation is mediated by interactions between caspases and p38 MAP kinase. Surprisingly, p38 pathways lie downstream of caspase mechanisms in this model system.


Size biased sampling refers to a type of nonrandom sampling in which the likelihood of an object's inclusion in the sample is proportional to the size (or length) of the object.


Aquaculture has concentrated on the production of some high commercial value species. Other species may be high success, but we do not control their biological cycles. It is important to know precisely the optimal combinations of salinity and temperature at each stage of their life cycles. It is suggested to bring together into a common system available information, past and present, currently disparate and dispersed, and direct future research towards common goals, with a harmonisation of methods. Moreover the composition of the new compounds foods require new basic research efforts. Restocking operations from hatchery production will pay the utmost attention to the consequences of restocking on the ecosystems in which these are carried out restocking.


235 U induced by high-energy spallation γ rays arriving ahead of the neutron beam at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center. The resulting average neutron multiplicity 3 . 80 ± 0 . 08 (stat.) neutrons per photofission is in general agreement with previous measurements. In addition, unique measurements of the prompt fission energy spectrum of the neutrons from photofission and the angular correlation of two-neutron energies emitted in photofission also were made. The results are compared to calculations with the complete event fission model FREYA


Being the first without a majority in the Commons or the Lords for 40 years, how will May's minority government implement any part of their legislative agenda? How will committees function? Will the smaller parties in the Commons work together? Marc Geddes, Alexandra Meakin, and Louise Thompson offer a preview of how the 2017 Parliament may function.


Pre‐treatment with lipid emulsions has been shown to increase lethal doses of bupivacaine, and the lipid content of propofol may alleviate bupivacaine‐induced cardiotoxicity. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of propofol in intralipid or medialipid emulsions on bupivacaine‐induced cardiotoxicity.