This paper proposes an unified distributed spectrum sensing model for analyzing the overlay, underlay and hybrid overlay/underlay paradigms in a distributed cognitive radio network where there are one primary channel and multiple secondary user (SU) pairs, and the co-channel interference is present. At each SU, the energy detection scheme is employed to identify the usage of the primary channel and the local decisions are sent to the fusion center for making a final spectrum sensing result. The distributed spectrum sensing scheme is derived and the SU throughput is then analyzed. Numerical simulations are also carried out for illustration.


This study investigates the role of entrepreneurial passion, self-skill awareness, and entrepreneurial self-efficacy on entrepreneurial intention. This study uses a quantitative method with a purposive sampling approach. The sample used in this study is the Surabaya community which does not yet have a business. The results showed that entrepreneurial passion had a significant positive effect on entrepreneurial self-efficacy, self-skill awareness had a significant positive effect on entrepreneurial self-efficacy, and entrepreneurial self-efficacy had an influence on entrepreneurial intention.


Analytic Methods in Physics. By C HARPER. 1999. £45.00 (hbk), pp 323. Wiley-VCH, ISBN 3 527 40215 0. An Introduction to Relativistic Gravitation. By R. HAKIM. 1999, £50.00, $74.95 (hbk), £18.95, $29.95 (pbk), pp. xi+ 271. Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0 521 45312 7 (hbk ), 0 521 45930 3 (pbk). Beam Dynamics. A New Attitude and Framework. In the series The Physics and Technology of Particle and Photon Beams (formerly Accelerators and Storage Rings). By E. FOREST. 1999, price not given, pp. xxx+ 463, ISBN 90 5702 558 2 (hbk ). Classical and Quantum Black Holes. In the series Studies in High Energy Physics, Cosmology and Graviation. P. FRE, V GOR INI, G. MAGLI and U. MOSCHELLA. 1999, £80.00, $128.00 (hbk ), pp. xi+ 350. Institute of physics, ISBN. Complete Physics. By S. DOPLE. 1999, £14.00 (pbk ), pp. 336. Oxford University Press, ISBN 0 19 914734 5 (pbk). Discovering Wavelets. By E. ABOU FA DEL and S. SCH LICKER 1999, £38.95 (hbk), pp. xii+ 125. Wiley, ISBN 0 471 33193 7 (hbk ) Dynamical Multilevel Methods and the Numerical Simulation of Turbulence. By T. DUBOIS, F. JAUBERTEAU and R. TEM AM . 1999, £37.50 (hbk ), pp. xiv + 289. Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0521 62165 8. Encyclopedia of Applied Physics. Update 1. By G. L. TRIGG. 1999, £190.00 (hbk ), pp. 460. Wiley-VCH, ISBN 3 527 29307 8 (hbk ) Feynman and Computation. Exploring the Limits of Computers. By A. J. G. HEY. 1999, £34.50, US$50.00, Can$72.50 (hbk), pp. xxiii+ 438. Perseus Books, ISBN 0 7382 0057 3 (hbk ). Fluid Metals. The Liquid± Vapor Transition of Metals. By F. HENSEL and W. W. WARREN JR. 1999, £42.50, $69.50 (hbk), pp. xviii+ 243. Princeton University Press, ISBN 0691 05830 X. Formation of Structure in the Universe. By A. DEK EL and J. P. OSTRIKER . 1999, £65.00 (hbk), £22.95 (pbk ), pp. xvii+ 470. Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0584221 (hbk), 0586321 (pbk ). Galaxy Morphology and Classification. By S. VAN DEN BERGH . 1999, £25.00 (hbk), pp. x+ 111. Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0 521 62335 9. General Relativity. A Geometric Approach. By M. LUDVIGSEN . 1999, £16.95, $27 .95 (pbk ), £45.00, $74.95 (hbk ), pp. xiv+ 217. Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0 521 63976 X (pbk ), 0 521 63019 3 (hbk ). Gnomon. From Pharaos to Fractals. By M. J. GAZALE . 1999, £17.95, $29.95 (hbk ), pp. xiv+ 259. Princeton University Press, ISBN 0 691 00514 1. Group Theoretical Methods and Applications to Molecules and Crystals. By S. K. KIM. 1999, £95.00 (hbk), pp. xvii+ 492. Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0 521 64062 8. Heavy Water and the Wartime Race for Nuclear Energy. By P. F. DAHL. 1999, £35.00, $60.00 (hbk), pp xvi+ 400. Institute of Physics, ISBN 0 7503 0633 5. Introduction to Econophysics: Correlations and Complexity in Finance. By N. MANTEG NA and H. E. STAN LEY. 1999, £25.00, $34.95 (hbk), pp. ix+ 150. Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0 521 62008 2 (hbk) Introduction to Magnetism and Magnetic Recording. By R. L. COM STO CK . 1999, £61.50 (hbk ), pp. xii+ 485. Wiley, ISBN 0 471 31714 4 (hbk ) Mastering Physics. By M. HARRISON and F. M CK IM. 1999, £10.99 (pbk), pp. xix+ 315. Macmillan Press, ISBN 0 333 69874 6. Mathematical Explorations with MATLAB. By K. CHEN, P. J. K IBLIN and A. IRVING. 1999, £15.95, $24.95 (pbk ), £42.50, $64.95 (hbk), pp. xiv+ 306. Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0521 63920 4 (pbk ), 0 521 63078 9 (hbk ). Natural Focusing and Fine Structure of Light. By J. F. NYE. 1999, £25.00, $45.00 (hbk ), pp. x+ 328. Institute of Physics, ISBN 0 7503 0610 6. New Perspectives on Problems in Classical and Quantum Physics. Part I, Radiation and Solid State Physics, Nuclear and Hgh Energy Physics, Mathematical Physics. By P. P. D ELS ANTO and A. W. SAEN Z . 1998, price not given, pp. xxxi+ 372. Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, ISBN 90 5699 548 0 (part I), 90 5699 549 9 (part II), 90 5699 550 2 (two part set ). Nonequilibrium Phase Transitions in Lattice Models. In the series Monographs and Texts in Statistical Physics. Collection Alea-Saclay. By J. MAR RO and R. D ICKMA N. 1999, £60.00 (hbk), pp. xv+ 327. Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0 521 48062 0. Nuclear Power, Energy and the Environment. By P. E. H ODG SON . 1999, £33 (hbk ), £16 (pbk), pp. xii+ 205. Im per ia l Co llege Press , ISBN 1860940889 (hbk ), 186094101X (pbk ). Contemporary Physics, 2000, volume 41, number 2, pages 109± 110


The oxidative dissolution of nickel on air in the system benzylhalogenide – dipolar aprotic solvent occurs to form benzaldehide, benzyl alcohol, 1,2-diphenylethane and traces of 4.4`-ditolyl and nickel (II) complexes.Analysis of reaction product was determined by chromatography-mass spectrometry and ion chromatography. Research of influence of the nature of solvent on dehalogenation process benzylhalogenide by nickel in the presence of oxygen is conducted. Influence of solvent on studied process was estimated on the basis of change of the reaction rate of nickel with benzylhalogenide in the presence of the corresponding solvent and oxygen at 353 K. The reactions were studied by the resistometric method. The highest reaction rate is observed in dimethylformamide. Dependence of the reaction rate from donor number of solvent is established.


Governor Dirk Kempthorne, ACLI's President and CEO, issued the following statement in response to the many letters to the U.S. Department of Labor from Members of Congress on the proposed fiduciary regulation.


The electric scooter driven by permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) has nonlinear and time-varying characteristic. An accurate dynamic model is not easy to establish for electric scooter in th...


The potential for life to control its environment was first suggested by Lovelock (1972). Charlson et al (1987) proposed a role for marine planktonic ecosystems in global climate regulation via the production and ventilation to the atmosphere of dimethylsulphide (DMS), a by-product of phytoplankton metabolism. Once in the atmosphere DMS contributes to the formation of cloud condensation nuclei, and increases the amount and brightness of cloud. This affects the albedo of the planet, reflecting more incident sunlight back into space, and cooling the earth. In common with many other 'hypotheses' regarding complex adaptive systems, the hypothesis proposed by Charlson et al (1987) is not experimentally testable. The production and ventilation to the atmosphere of DMS is the result of complex interactions between biological, chemical and physical processes. Consequently, increasing use is being made of mathematical models that simulate these processes to advance understanding of it (Archer et al. 2002). This study examines one of the fundamental mechanisms proposed by the Charlson et al (1987) hypothesis, that increasing global temperatures will lead to increased ventilation of DMS from the ocean to the atmosphere. The study develops one-dimensional biogeochemical models of DMS production by upper ocean ecosystems, based on the model proposed by Gabric et al. (1993b). The models are examined to elucidate their fundamental mathematical properties, and are subjected to sensitivity analysis to identify important processes and parameters. These investigations identify a simpler model that can reproduce the predictions of the Gabric et al. (1993b) model. Predictions derived from model simulations forced by climatologies of measured physical data are compared to a global database of measurements of sea surface DMS concentrations, and to observed depth profiles of DMS in the upper ocean. These comparisons confirm that all models are in good qualitative agreement with measured data. The fifteen global climate prediction models currently in use around the globe all predict substantial warming effects from the ventilation of anthropogenic carbon dioxide to the atmosphere. A simplified DMS model is calibrated to climatologies of Antarctic chlorophyll and DMS data and reproduces the data with great precision. The calibrated model is applied in global warming scenarios to 'test' the efficacy of the mechanism proposed by the Charlson et al (1987) hypothesis. This simulation provides evidence that the response predicted by the hypothesis is indeed feasible, and that substantial increases (up to 45%) in the ventilation of DMS to the atmosphere could be possible in some circumstances. The results of the modelling study provide impetus for further examination of field data. If couplings between marine biota and atmosphere are feasible, then they may be operating contemporarily, and may be detectable. Atmospheric DMS is oxidised to form aerosols (Miller et al. 2002) that influence the aerosol optical depth of the atmosphere. Archives of remote sensed ocean chlorophyll a concentration and aerosol optical depth are examined for evidence of the biologically mediated couplings. A clear coupling between aeolian dust and marine phytoplankton is evident from this analysis, suggesting that the deposition of dust from the atmosphere is a major factor controlling phytoplankton growth in many parts of the ocean. A second coupling between marine phytoplankton and atmospheric aerosols is also detected. This coupling is apparently not related to dust and is symmetrical about the equator, despite the substantial differences in the atmospheres and oceans of each hemisphere. It is speculated that this coupling may reflect the influence of the ventilation of DMS produced by marine phytoplankton on the atmosphere. This thesis provides new evidence supporting the important role of marine ecosystems in global climate regulation by the production of DMS. This evidence is principally obtained from a biogeochemical modelling approach, but is supported by analyses of empirical data. The concordance of results obtained from different approaches suggests that the contribution of marine ecosystems to global climate regulation is real, important and currently active.


Background: A number of important problems remain unresolved in the field of assisted reproductive technologies (ART) using germ cells from a single donor. This study aimed to assess attitudes about the use of sex gamete donation in ART in different social groups including medical workers, oocyte recipients, and oocyte donors.
Methods: To achieve this goal, we surveyed 286 participants from seven countries. Of them, 190 were medical workers from ART clinics (respondents from seven countries), 45 were oocyte recipients (Kazakhstan), and 51 were oocyte donors (Kazakhstan).
Results: A survey of the three groups showed that issues related to donor health were most common in the donor selection process based on patient and doctor distrust of the health care system. The main motive for oocyte donation was financial compensation, which draws attention to the social disadvantage of the donor population. Medical workers with more than 5 years of work experience (79.7%) supported the use of programs tracking donor sex gametes and limiting the use of oocyte donors.
Conclusions: The willingness and consent of the surveyed medical workers and oocyte recipients to use the donor material and create a unified registry of donor sex gametes demonstrates the importance of this issue.


After 12–14 weeks of administration of 2‐aminoanthraquinone at a level of 2% in the diet to Fischer F344 rats, female rats showed weight loss, alopecia, emaciation, ataxta, and finally, convulsions prior to death or sacrifice. Hematological studies in females revealed a depression of hematocrit values and a decline in hemoglobin and erythrocyte count, while both males and females showed an elevation of total leukocytes. In both sexes blood glucose concentration was increased and serum potassium levels were markedly elevated. In female rats blood urea nitrogen values were greatly increased. Histopathologically, females showed plugging of renal medullary and cortical tubules with yellow‐brown crystals, frequently accompanied by metaplasia of tubular epithelial cells, multinucleated giant cells, marked Interstitial fibrosis, and round cell infiltration. The bone marrow was hypoplastic. The primary toxicity of 2‐aminoanthraquinone appears to result in renal uremia, foci of tubular metaplasia, and hypoplasla o...


Removal of O2 molecules from the cathode environment in the Li-based battery has led to introduction of the Li–CO2 battery as the novel and promising source of energy storage. In spite of CO2 capture through the reversible reaction between Li atoms and CO2 molecules at the cathode, the performance of the Li–CO2 battery is hampered by formation of the Li2CO3 insulating product in the discharge process and its difficult decomposition in the charging process. Hereby, we explore the possible improvement of the performance of the Li–CO2 battery through replacement of Li2CO3 by Li2C2O4 as the discharge product. This is achieved by systematic addition of Li and CO2 to a cobalt phthalocyanine (CoPc) nanoflake employed as the molecular catalyst in the cathode of the Li–CO2 battery by means of computational density functional theory-based methods. The present results predict high adsorption energy of the CO2 molecules (−2.16 eV), low Li-intercalation voltage (1.45 V), reveal the important and constructive influence...


Abstract : Upon oxidation of a clean Al Aluminum surface, and electrical double layer (EDL) is formed at the aluminum-aluminum oxide interface. This EDL is investigated using X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy data available in the literature. The EDL strength, measured as a potential difference across the EDL, depends on the Al surface and the oxidation process. The polarity of the EDL is however invariably the same: the Al2o3 side of the Al-Al203 interface is always positively charged. The reduction of the Al work function upon oxidation is attributed to this EDL. The asymmetry in the potential barrier shape formed in Al-Al2o3-Al sandwiches is also attributed to a strong EDL at the electron-film interface and a weaker EDL at the interface between the counter electrode and the film. (Author)


It is a development trend to build the WLAN with the Bluetooth technology. Discusses the security of building the WLAN with the Bluetooth technology, including two parts, the first part is about the basic concept and the development of Bluetooth safety; the second part discusses how to implement the network security.


This study deals with acculturation of Iranian parents in particular mothers immigrated to Toronto and the well being of their children in terms of their social skills and behavior problems. A 21-item Acculturation Scale was developed for this purpose. The Iranian Acculturation Scale was shown to have sufficient internal consistency, construct and factorial validity for application in a group of 119 (43 male and 76 female) Iranian immigrants living in Toronto. The scale tapped different acculturation domains, such as ethnic identity, language, family values, and ethnic media. Fifty Iranian immigrant mothers living in Toronto participated in the study. They completed the Acculturation Scale and the Social Skills Rating System for their 86 school age children. Results revealed that social skills of Iranian immigrant children in Toronto were related to the level of acculturation of their mothers but behavior problems were not related to their mothers' level of acculturation. هژاوديلك :اه ف ا گنهر پ ا یريذ ؛ شم ا فر تلاك ا یرات ؛ تراهم یعامتجا یاه


Despite the extensive benefits of ERP systems, organizations commonly face a hostile attitude potential users who resist the ERP system implementation process. Customization of ERP is possible but big modifications are complex, costly and difficult in upgrading. The study sought to find actualize effective adoption of ERP and understa research was carried out through a Case Study with KOFC Corporation using questionnaires and individual interviews. respondents have some idea of other Information Systems yet they are not very comfortable with the current ERP mostly because they feel it was customized in a complicated way. The main concl drawn from this research were that current approaches to adopting ERP are deficient because they failed to embrace a holistic approach, instead opting for a narrow one which proves to have not worked and that a lack of communication between major st contractor level has hindered ERP adoption reduce incidences of resistance. One that takes into account customer views, management of company policies, implementation issu for developer support infrastructures, and a means of communication networks


The invention provides a performance detection method of an unmanned aircraft for a power transmission line. The performance detection method comprises the following steps of: controlling the unmanned aircraft to hover at different heights, and respectively moving a detection system to a plurality of detection points far away from hovering points; controlling the unmanned aircraft to perform level flight along a preset flight closed route at each height respectively; receiving detection parameters of the current unmanned aircraft through the detection system at the same time; and finally, evaluating the performance of the unmanned aircraft based on the detection parameters. Through the adoption of the performance detection method provided by the invention, adverse factors of complex airspace application procedures, blind flying of the unmanned aircraft, and the like are avoided; potential safety hazards to the unmanned aircraft during the performance detection are avoided; the performance detection of the unmanned aircraft is guaranteed smooth; and the efficiency, the comprehensiveness, the accuracy and the reliability of the performance detection of the unmanned aircraft are improved.


Singing as both an art form and physical activity demands a level of health and skill fitness to meet performance demands. The determination of performance fitness relies on performers' self-evalua...


The major problems and current status of English teaching for the environmental engineering majors were analyzed. It showed that the teaching content and method of environmental engineering course must be innovated as soon as possible. At the same time, three pieces of advice were advanced, such as revolution for teaching content, innovation for teaching method and enhancing for teaching team.


unexpected boost by coming top of the Commonwealth Fund's analysis of health services in 11 different industrialised countries including the US. The survey based its analysis on 72 indicators that measure performance in five domains important to policymakers, providers, patients, and the public: care process, access, administrative efficiency, equity, and health care outcomes. The top-ranked countries overall are the UK, Australia, and the Netherlands. In general, the UK achieved top performance in all the domains compared to other countries except health outcomes, where it ranked 10th despite experiencing the fastest reduction in deaths in the past decade. The UK, Australia, and New Zealand are the top performers in the care process domain and the UK, Australia, New Zealand and Norway for administrative efficiency. The UK is also top in affordability and equity of health systems. The report says major investment in the NHS in the early 2000s increasing spend from 6.2% of GDP to 9.9% as well as reforming primary and cancer care contributed to its better performance. Nigel Edwards, chief executive of the Nuffield Trust, said: 'It is good to see that the NHS does manage to succeed in delivering some of its main policy goals. However while the NHS does well on a number of measures including efficiency, affordability, equity and some aspects of the process of care, it performs poorly in terms of outcomes.' In 2014, total health spending accounted for 9.9% of GDP in the UK, more than the OECD average of 9.0%. European countries to which the UK is often compared, like France and Germany, typically spend a greater proportion of national income on health. The US spends far more on health care than other high-income countries, with spending levels that rose continuously over the past three decades. Yet the US population has poorer health than other countries. Mr Edwards added: 'There is sometimes an attempt to blame the British population for its poor diet, high obesity rates and reluctance to go the GP with symptoms that require attention. There is some evidence that this last point is true. The higher rates of deprivation and the UK's high rates of income inequality may be an issue in some cases.' 'However, the claim that the influence of Government on health in parts of the UK is malign does seem plausible. In recent years, the English NHS has undoubtedly had more reorganisation and restructuring than any health system in Europe – even those subject to some of the most rigorous austerity regimes post 2008.'


FIELD: physics. SUBSTANCE: detector array has a first linear array for detecting first and second beams having different energy levels and passing through the first set of parts of the inspected object in order to obtain first values and second values for the first set of parts in which a second beam is formed alternately with the first beam, and a second linear array which is parallel to the first linear array for detecting the first beam and the second beam passing through the second set of parts of the inspected object in order to obtain third values and fourth values for the second set of parts of the inspected object, in which the first set of parts of the inspected object are partially identical to the second set of parts of the inspected object. EFFECT: more efficient inspection when scanning objects. 18 cl, 4 dwg


Bowen's disease is a kind of squamous cell carcinoma of the epidermis in the skin or mucous membranes which usually occur in the elderly,which has the possibility to transform for invasive squamous cell carcinoma.The increasing incidence of Bowen's disease and the requirement for beauty caused the improvement and exploration of the treatment.There have many treatment methods for Bowen's disease,such as surgery,cryotherapy,radiotherapy,laser,topical 5-fluorouracil,topical imiquimod and light photodynamic therapy,which provide the clinicians and patients with many choices.The etiology,pathogenesis,clinical manifestations,pathological findings with focus on the progress in its treatment were summarized in this paper.


According to the circumstance where the ancient Ru-sheng of China was reserved in today's dialects,all the Shanbei Jin dialect can fall into three types : the one-group of Ru-sheng final type;the two-group of Ru-sheng final type;the three-group of Ru-sheng final type.According to the investigation of the three types of Ru-sheng,it is found that the evolution of Ru-sheng in Shanbei Jin dialect shows the following law: 1,The low vowel Ru-sheng changes first.2,The group of higher vowels Ru-sheng are stable.3,In the three group of Ru-sheng final type,ancient Ru-sheng are unstable when it is read as the front and central vowel-


Purpose
Shadegan County as a wetland area was selected because of its susceptibility to flooding hazards and inundation. The purpose of this paper is to analyze flooding hazard based on the analytical hierarchy process methodology.

Design/methodology/approach
The eight influencing factors (slope, distance from wetland, distance from river, drainage density, elevation, curve number, population density and vegetation density) were considered for flood mapping within the Shadegan County using analytical hierarchical process, geographical information system and remote sensing. The validation of the map was conducted based on the comparison of the historical flood inundation of April 21, 2019.

Findings
The results showed that around 32.65% of the area was under high to very high hazard zones, whereas 44.60% accounted for moderate and 22.75% for very low to the low probability of flooding. The distance from Shadegan Wetland has been gained high value and most of the hazardous areas located around this wetland. Finally, the observed flood density in the different susceptibility zones for the very high, high, moderate, low and very low susceptible zones were 0.35, 0.22, 0.15, 0.19, and 0.14, respectively.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors' knowledge, the flood susceptibility map developed here is one of the first studies in a built wetland area which is affected by anthropogenic factors. The flood zonation map along with management and restoration of wetland can be best approaches to reduce the impacts of floods.


Employee engagement is widely-considered to be a powerful and useful tool to assist organisations achieve competitive advantage. This study investigates employee perceptions regarding the impact of engagement on organisational performance in the Eastern Cape Province. Organisations often fail to enhance long-term business success when they focus narrowly on financial performance measures. This study, consequently, utilised the balanced scorecard (BSC) approach, consisting of financial, customer, internal process as well as learning and innovation measures to evaluate perceptions of organisational performance. A quantitative research design was utilised, surveying employees (n=428) from private organisations through non-probability convenience sampling. Using multiple regression analysis, the empirical results revealed that employee engagement positively and significantly influenced all four measures of the BSC.


Susanna has been a popular text for interpretation through the centuries, just like any other text that connects with the hearts and desires of human beings. Many approaches have already been used in trying to unfold Susanna's relevance: a historical-critical approach; a grammatical-historical analysis; thematic expositions such as 'suffering' (Harrington) and 'humour' (Gruen); and more recently, a feminist perspective. However valuable these approaches might be, they do not illuminate the performative/dynamic aspects of texts and their ability to communicate. Furthermore, they do not provide for investigation of the presumed response of the audience. Elements of the speech act theory are applied to the text of Susanna as a possible way to remedy these unattended areas. This addresses previously neglected strands of communication between author and audience.Keywords: Daniel; speech act theory; Susanna


The progressive implementation of some key nuclear fuel cycle capacities in a country corresponds to a strategy for the acquisition of an independent energy source. France, Japan, and some European countries are engaged in such strategic programs. In France, COGEMA, the nuclear fuel company, has now completed the industrial demonstration of the closed fuel cycle. Its experience covers every step of the front-end and of the back-end: transportation of spent fuels, storage, reprocessing, waste conditioning. The La Hague reprocessing plant smooth operation, as well as the large investment program under active progress can testify of full mastering of this industry. Together with other French and European companies, COGEMA is engaged in the recycling industry, both for uranium through conversion of uranyl nitrate for its further re-enrichment, and for plutonium through MOX fuel fabrication. Reprocessing and recycling offer the optimum solution for a complete, economic, safe and future-oriented fuel cycle, hence contributing to the necessary development of nuclear energy.


The 1986 Green Paper on Profit‐related Pay (PRP) saw the initiative as contributing to the elimination of the "them and us mentality" from British industry. Considers the impact of PRP and shows the Green Paper's view to be optimistic. This conclusion derives from an examination of the PRP scheme and its context within government policies on taxation, employment, industrial democracy and industrial relations. These are shown to be exacerbating the inequalities of reward and power out of which the categories "them and us" are structured. Given this, it is difficult to see PRP promoting industrial unitarism.


Every kind of index sign of the cable TV system have rules in national standard and profession standard.The majority of index sign the demand a few instruments proceed the right conjunction the empress,the talent the accurate diagraph,and each the instrument that index sign need when measuring still incompletely,returning to the diagraph work bring the bigger trouble. According to circumstance,some enterprises produces cable TV analysis instrument,then make use of 1 2 main instruments in sets and its enclosure,such as the HP8591C frequency chart analysis instrument it can test to find out the great majority index sign of the cable TV system.The paper introduces 7 kinds among of them.


The present study was carried out at experimental area of Vegetable Research Institute, (AARI) Faisalabad to test the resistant/susceptibility responses of 25 genotypes of okra against fruit borer under field condition during 2013. From the preliminary screening trial, nine genotypes of okra including three comparatively resistant (Sabz pari, Green wonder and Super star), three genotypes with intermediate response (Lakshami-24, Cok-1418 and Ikra anamika) and three comparatively susceptible genotypes (Pusa sawani, Ikra-2 and Okra-3) were selected for final screening trial during 2014. During preliminary and final screening trials genotype Pusa sawani proved susceptible genotype, while Sabz pari was found comparatively resistant genotype. Maximum Host Plant Susceptibility Indices (HPSI) was observed in Pusa sawani i.e. 16% and was found susceptible, while minimum HPSI i.e., 6% was recorded in Sabz pari and found to be comparatively resistant genotype.


This chapter discusses various elements and characteristics of international legal principles of solidarity relating to assistance in natural disasters. It focuses on the link of solidarity with people affected by natural disasters through human rights considerations. Keywords: naturkatastrophen ; solidaritat ; souveranitat


The bidirectional flow control valve (1) for controlling the flow of a fluid between first conduit (3) and second conduit (5), has two oppositely acting check valves (8,9). A common valve element (10) arranged in a chamber, is provided between the check valves. The common valve element arranged in the chamber, is displaced to equilibrium position (29) depending upon flux direction of the fluid, so that the transfer cross-section (52) formed between chamber and valve element is enlarged.


Abstract Plan irregular structures situated in earthquake prone areas are very important issue to be taken into account. The present study deals with the horizontal irregularity – re-entrant corner. The paper focusses on the comparison of regular building and the reentrant corner buildings by conducting time history analysis located in seismic zone V. The time history analysis is carried out using the data of past BHUJ earthquake. The FE software ETABS v 9.7.4 has been used for the analysis. The evaluation and comparison of the regular and irregular buildings has been done using the parameters – storey displacement, storey drift, time period and base shear. Also the forces on the columns near the re-entrant corner has been studied.


A switching strategy for multi-level multi-phase voltage source inverter (VSI) based on optimal feedback quantization is derived. The contributions include the improved harmonics distortion comparing with the conventional SVPWM and the realizable block diagram of quantization to produce optimal switching state. By finding the most significant switching state, the implementation of quantization block needs only adders and comparators. Further, the implementation complexity of quantization is independent of phase/level numbers. In the simulation, the comparison of the proposed method and SVPWM confirms the effectiveness of the proposed method.


We study a disordered vibrational model system, where the spring constants k are chosen from a distribution $P(k)\ensuremath{\propto}1/k$ above a cut-off value ${k}_{\mathrm{min}}g0.$ We can motivate this distribution by the presence of free volume in glassy materials. We show that the model system reproduces several important features of the boson peak in real glasses: (i) a low-frequency excess contribution to the Debye density of states, (ii) the hump of the specific heat ${c}_{V}(T)$ including the power-law relation between height and position of the hump, and (iii) the transition to localized modes well above the boson peak frequency.


This paper presents a slot timing detection method with multiple-symbol differential detection (MSDD) that offers improved transmission efficiency and mitigates the performance deterioration caused by carrier frequency offset. The method is applicable for burst wireless systems with short burst M-differential phase shift keying (MDPSK) signals and low symbol rates, which suits radio-frequency identifications (RF-IDs) or other ubiquitous wireless applications. Computer simulations show that the proposed method improves slot timing detection and error rate performances and yields robust demodulation of data symbols against carrier frequency offset.


The instructional multimedia teaching effectiveness significantly enhances teaching quality that it does not simply break through the restriction on time and space, but could also receive immediate learning achievement, assist in traditional instruction, and provide learners with diverse learning and innovation ability. The advantage of instructional multimedia becomes the mainstream of education. With nonequivalent pretest posttest control group design, 198 students of Chongqing University of Education is proceeded the 15-week (3 hours per week for total 45 hours) teaching experiment. The research results reveal remarkable effects of 1.instructional multimedia on learning effect, 2.instructional multimedia on learning gain, 3.Situational Approach on learning effect, 4.Situational Approach on learning gain, 5.instructional multimedia integrated Situational Approach on the promotion of learning effect, and 6.instructional multimedia integrated Situational Approach on the enhancement of learning gain. According to the results, suggestions are proposed, expecting to provide students with the diverse and practical learning model to assist students in cultivating adequate basic abilities and allow students actively participating in discussions and solving problems in the instructional multimedia integrated Situational Approach teaching situation so as to enhance the learning motivation and promote the learning achievement.


Thalassemia major is a transfusion dependent genetically inherited haematological disorder that could lead to multiple endocrinopathies due to the chronic hypoxia and iron over load that is associated with this condition. Delayed adrenarche and thalassemia major is not commonly described. However, when it occurs, it is a condition of significant concern among affected individuals. We observed a significant delay in adrenarche compared to other secondary sexual characteristic changes that occurs during puberty among adolescents with thalassemia major. Coinciding with the clinical picture, dissociation in cortisol and adrenal androgen secretion was also noted. Chronic hypoxia, low body mass index and zinc deficiency associated with thalassemia major are thought to be the possible explanation for these observations. These observations raise the need for proper studies to identify the aetiology and the possible mechanisms of treating this clinical entity.


This clinical trial aims at comparatively evaluating the side effects of two drugs of Fluvoxamine and Fluoxetine and at discussing effective factors. For this purpose, patients with unipolar major depressive disorder (MDD) are randomly placed in two groups: Fluoxetine (Abidi) with dose 10 and 40mg and Fluvoxamine (Sobhan) with dose 50 to 150-200mg. Arizona scale was filled before, one month and two months after the treatment begins, and clinical improvement of depression in the first and second months was quantitatively evaluated by Beck test. The results indicated that in treatment of patients with major depressive disorder and unipolar disorder, Fluvoxamine had less effect on their sexual desire and satisfaction from orgasm, as well as both the said drugs had positive and equal effect on improving depression.


The invention relates to a multimedia network service platform for independent travel. The multimedia network service platform comprises a spot information database, a ticket database, a heuristic independent travel arrangement module, an instant tracking service module, an all-weather telephone help requesting module, a feedback module and an interactive community module, wherein the heuristic independent travel arrangement module can omnidirectionally plan the travel journey with high efficiency for users; and the instant tracking service module and the all-weather telephone help requesting module can provide instant information service for the users during the trip so as to solve the sudden problem and difficulty occurring during the trip. The platform can provide more comfortable travel experience for the users.


The influence of ionospheric disturbance on the medium and long range Continuously Operating Reference Stations(CORS) is analyzed.The medium small scale Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances(TIDs) are one of the main error sources influencing the baseline resolution and real-time positioning for CORS over mid low latitude region.A temporal correlation based ionospheric prediction technique is proposed and the MSTIDs are applied in the bilinear surface model.Field test on long range CORS over 100 km showed that the ionospheric disturbances over CORS could be effectively reduced when the new method was applied.


This paper addresses the problem of robotic visual servecing (eye-in-hand configuration) around a static rigid target. The objective is to move the image projections of certain feature points of the static rigid target to some deisred image positions. The eye-in-hand configuration consists of a CCD camera mounted on the end-effector of the robotic manipulator to provide visual measurements of the motion of the target's features. The vision algorithm is based on a cross-correlation technique, called SSD optical flow. The camera model introduces a number of parameters that must be estimated on-line. An adaptive control algorithm compensates for the Servcing errors and the computational delays which are introduced by the time-consuming vision algorithms. Stability issues along with issues concerning the minimum number of required feature points are discussed. Experimental results are presented to verify the validity and the efficacy of the proposed algorithms.


Partial Discharge that occurs in electrical equipment can have negative impacts on electrical equipment. Discharge phenomena that occur locally result in the equipment being damaged and eventually being damaged if maintenance is not carried out. This paper observes partial discharge of air insulation in which the HFCT sensor is used. Observation and analysis of the PD pattern and pulse shape PD have been carried out to determine the insulation characteristics. The measurement and analysis results show that the PD will increase with increasing voltage and a large magnitude value, the pulse shape PD analysis can be used to observe PD characteristics. In addition, in detail based on the analysis, the amplitude of the positive PD wave is larger than that of the positive PD waveform.


Once a method of payment has achieved widespread use, it will be- come the target of hackers and thieves. Consider the security dilemmas associ- ated with one of the most popular methods of payment: credit cards. With all the security gaps inherent in credit cards, a mobile platform is even more vul- nerable still. Because a mobile platform has the added vulnerability of being a ―mini-computer‖, it can be targeted using techniques that are much less obvious than those associated with credit cards. This paper intends to derive necessary security functions of a Mobile App-Based Mobile Payment System based on the Common Criteria V3.1.


HE very great utility which navigation derives from the ufe of compafles,has been the principal reafon, that fo much labour has been bellowed by many inge nious men in fearching the belt method of fufpending magnetical needles, and that fome Academies of Sciences have propofed confiderable premiums to be given to him who Ihould fucceed the bell in this important object. It has been, and is Hill, a general complaint, that fuch needles as were by their fize. and figure fufceptible of the greatelt magnetical power, and which were executed with the greatell exa&nefs, and perfectly balanced, were, for this very reafon of their fuperior accuracy, fo eafily put in motion, that the flighted: lhaking of*the floor, occalioned by the obfervers walking in the. room, commu nicates to them fuch a great quivering motion as to drag them out of their direction, and to render a conliderable Read June 17, 1779^


A high‐resolution three‐dimensional Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model is used to investigate the coupled impact of lake surface temperature (LST) and surface wind on the lake effect snow (LES) over the Great Lakes region. A set of twin WRF simulations, with and without resolving LST spatial variations in the model's surface boundary condition, is performed to quantify the impact of LST variation on LES. Both observations and model results reveal a positive correlation between the downwind LST gradient and surface wind convergence over the Great Lakes region. Furthermore, model simulations show that resolving the spatial variation of LST increases the surface wind convergence, correspondingly enhances local vertical motions in the atmospheric boundary layer, and creates favorable conditions for the LES formation on the lee sides of the Great Lakes. The contribution of LST spatial variations to the increase in precipitation on the lee sides of the lakes varies between 5% and 30% in individual LES events. The increase in the winter‐mean snow water equivalent due to LST spatial variations is between 3% and 15%. The most significant impact of LST variation on the winter‐mean snow water equivalent is on the lee side of Lake Huron.


Resonant‐cavity photodiodes with a periodic absorber structure are demonstrated. The photodiode consists of three thin InGaAs absorbing layers located at the antinodes of standing wave optical field in a resonant cavity. The bottom mirror of the resonant cavity is formed by a GaAs/AlAs quarter‐wave stack, while the top mirror is formed by the GaAs/air interface. Theoretical estimation based on the standing wave effect gives 70% peak quantum efficiency at the resonant wavelength. The peak quantum efficiency of this photodiode, as measured by a calibrated Si photodetector, enhanced by 30% as compared to a conventional resonant‐cavity photodiode with a single absorbing layer of the same overall thickness. The observed enhancement in quantum efficiency is consistent with theory.


the last three decades have seen a growing interest in the field of comparative constitutional law. Scholars, judges, practitioners and policy-makers often consult the constitutional law and institutions of other countries and there is constitutional borrowing and transnational migration of constitutional ideas more generally. In scholarly writings there are as many arguments against the use of foreign law as there are justifications for it. But within the different aspects of comparative law analysis, the language barrier is overlooked. Language seems to be absent from comparative constitutional methodology, except for some passing comments about the existence of language barriers. comparative constitutional borrowing, migration, transplants and cross-fertilisation are based on the use of English language, as are all major works in this field. there is a widespread sense that constitutional courts are turning more and more frequently to foreign jurisprudence for guidance and inspiration. Scholars and jurists now speak in


RasGRF1 null mutant mice display impaired memory/learning and their hippocampus transcriptomic pattern includes a number of differentially expressed genes playing significant roles in sensory development and function. Odour avoidance and auditory brainstem response tests yielded normal results but electroretinographic analysis showed severe light perception impairment in the RasGRF1 knockouts. Whereas no structural alterations distinguished the retinas of wild‐type and knockout mice, microarray transcriptional analysis identified at least 44 differentially expressed genes in the retinas of these Knockout animals. Among these, Crb1, Pttg1, Folh1 and Myo7a have been previously related to syndromes involving retina degeneration. Interestingly, over‐expression of Folh1 would be expected to result in accumulation of its enzymatic product N‐acetyl‐aspartate, an event known to be linked to Canavan disease, a human cerebral degenerative syndrome often involving blindness and hearing loss. Consistently, in vivo brain nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy identified higher levels of N‐acetyl‐aspartate in our RasGRF1−/− mice and immunohistochemical analysis detected reduced levels of aspartoacylase, the enzyme which degrades N‐acetyl‐aspartate. These studies demonstrate for the first time the functional relevance of Ras signalling in mammalian photoreception and warrant further analysis of RasGRF1 Knockout mice as potential models to analyse molecular mechanisms underlying defective photoreception human diseases.


Grain boundaries are known to be sources and sinks for bulk vacancies, but the exchange that occurs between the grain boundary and the bulk under a low stress is still obscure. In the present paper, it is shown that grain boundaries may act as sources to emit vacancies when an anelastic deformation occurs under a compressive stress. These emitted supersaturated vacancies are combined with solute atoms to form complexes. Solute non-equilibrium grain-boundary dilution may be induced by the diffusion of complexes away from the boundary. An equation of solute concentration at grain boundary is derived under stress equilibrium during its anelastic relaxation. Furthermore, kinetic equations are also established to describe the non-equilibrium grain-boundary dilution. Additionally, an attempt is made to simulate experimental data to justify the present model.


BackgroundThe distal airway is more important in the regulation of airflow resistance than is the proximal airway, and volatile anesthetics have a greater inhibitory effect on distal airway muscle tone. The authors investigated the different reactivities of airway smooth muscles to volatile anesthetics by measuring porcine tracheal or bronchial (third to fifth generation) smooth muscle tension and intracellular concentration of free Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) and by measuring inward Ca2+ currents (ICa) through voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels (VDCs). MethodsIntracellular concentration of free Ca2+ was monitored by the 500-nm light emission ratio of Ca2+ indicator fura-2. Isometric tension was measured simultaneously. Whole-cell patch clamp recording techniques were used to investigate the effects of volatile anesthetics on ICa in dispersed smooth muscle cells. Isoflurane (0–1.5 minimum alveolar concentration) or sevoflurane (0–1.5 minimum alveolar concentration) was introduced into a bath solution. ResultsThe volatile anesthetics tested had greater inhibitory effects on carbachol-induced bronchial smooth muscle contraction than on tracheal smooth muscle contraction. These inhibitory effects by the anesthetics on muscle tension were parallel to the inhibitory effects on [Ca2+]i. Although tracheal smooth muscle cells had only L-type VDCs, some bronchial smooth muscle cells (∼30%) included T-type VDC. Each of the two anesthetics significantly inhibited the activities of both types of VDCs in a dose-dependent manner; however, the anesthetics had greater inhibitory effects on T-type VDC activity in bronchial smooth muscle. ConclusionsThe existence of the T-type VDC in bronchial smooth muscle and the high sensitivity of this channel to volatile anesthetics seem to be, at least in part, responsible for the different reactivities to the anesthetics in tracheal and bronchial smooth muscles.


It is shown that the Fourier integral of the function exp( ux 2 ) exists not only for u satisfying Reu > 0 but also for u that satisfies Reu 0. The proof is given by evaluating this integral for imaginary u.


1. See Robin Miller, Automated Traffic Enforcement Sytems, 26 A.L.R. 179, § 2 (2007). 2. Scott v. Harris, 550 U.S. 372, 379 n.5 (2007). 3. See Jordan S. Gruber, Videotape Evidence, 44 AM. JUR. TRIALS 171, § 4 (2009). 4. See Lisa Dufraimont, Evidence Law and the Jury: A Reassessment, 53 MCGILL L.J. 199, 205 (2008). See also MIRJAN R. DAMA KA, EVIDENCE LAW ADRIFT 12-17 (1997). 5. See 1 JOHN HENRY WIGMORE, EVIDENCE IN TRIALS AT COMMON LAW 689 (Peter Tillers ed., 1983). 6. See GREGORY P. JOSEPH, MODERN VISUAL EVIDENCE § 4.02[5] (1984). Evidence obtained by remote-electronic traffic devices is taking on increasing importance as evidenced by the struggle over restrictions on the devices1 as well as the Supreme Court's recent unusual step of linking to a video featuring footage from a police officer chasing after a speeding driver.2 As law-enforcement officials rely more and more on this type of evidence to issue citations and defend against criminal proceedings, courts must grapple with the admissibility of photographic and video evidence obtained from red-light cameras, speeding cameras, and black boxes or cameras on a police car. This article focuses on the rationales of evidence exclusion and notes that as an intrinsic rule, or a rule focused on the pursuit of truth, when determining whether to admit the evidence one must consider the three foundational factors of (1) materiality and relevance, (2) authenticity, and (3) competence.3 On balance, in civil cases, courts should almost always admit the evidence unless it is clear that it is fabricated or flawed. They should also follow the approaches of caselaw and err on the side of admitting the evidence but allow the defendant to argue issues as to authenticity when determining the weight of the evidence. However, the balance changes in criminal cases, which usually involve a jury and therefore also implicate jury risks. In these circumstances, courts should still almost always admit the evidence, but they should recognize the potential prejudice of videotaped evidence in particular and take steps to mitigate it, such as reviewing the evidence early in the proceeding to make sure the evidence is not especially prejudicial. In the special case of summary judgment or other instances where the court takes the decision out of the hands of the jury, the court should be especially careful to preserve legitimacy because juries serve important goals. More specifically, courts should recognize the differing viewpoints of the parties as well as the viewpoints that the evidence might elicit in jurors, particularly if the evidence is in the form of a video. Courts should also avoid a sensorial jurisprudence which uses language that hints the judges themselves have fallen prey to the biasing effects of the evidence. Both of these steps will help the court retain legitimacy and therefore give the court a way to admit the evidence without placing undue import on it. Part I briefly discusses the goals of evidence law and focuses on the concerns underlying intrinsic rules, which are focused on the pursuit of truth. Part II briefly outlines my proposal. Part II.A. discusses civil law and concludes that on balance, this type of evidence should almost always be admitted. In addition, as current caselaw dictates, courts should also allow parties to raise questions regarding the accuracy of the evidence at trial. Part II.B. turns to criminal law, where jury trials are more frequent for cases with factual disputes. It begins by acknowledging that while the balance regarding the potential prejudicial effect of the evidence alters slightly—because videos that are powerful forms of evidence are more likely to surface in this context—procedural safeguards are sufficient to counteract these biases and evidence still should almost always be admissible. Next, this article turns to jury risks and likewise concludes that these risks do not necessitate the exclusion of evidence. It continues by discussing how current caselaw supports these conclusions as well as providing guidance for courts in this dilemma. Finally, this article concludes by drawing lessons from Scott v. Harris, a Supreme Court case involving video footage from a police officer driving after a speeding defendant, and argues that courts should refrain from putting too much weight on the admitted evidence, which results in a sensorial jurisprudence, and should instead be careful to preserve its legitimacy.


N ovember 2009 saw the celebration of the tenth in the series of annual lectures jointly hosted by the BSHM and Gresham College. On this special occasion the audience were treated, in the words of the master of ceremonies, to a tour de force by Jeremy Gray. First, however, much to the surprise of some of the newcomers, we were invited (an invitation which it appears no-one refused!) into the Ante Room for the traditional Rhenish wine and macaroons. Suitably fortified, the audience reassembled in the fourteenth-century hall (the overflow room was also required) for the main event. As is evident from the title, the lecture addressed the movement of the Earth around the Sun. By cleverly tracing the various debates over several centuries surrounding the acceptance of this notion, Jeremy was able to throw light on many of the philosophical issues concerning the relation of science to truth. The story begins in 1543 with Copernicus' De revolutionibus orbium coelestium in which he promoted a heliocentric universe. Interestingly the theologian Osiander surreptitiously added a preface explaining that whilst it was the role of the astronomer to provide hypotheses which are useful for the purposes of calculation, it was not necessary, or even likely, that these hypotheses were true. A century later it was Galileo's ardent support for the heliocentric hypothesis which led to his persecution by the Catholic Church. The talk then moved via Huygen's work on circular orbits to the arguments used by Newton in the Principia to persuade his readers that the elliptical motion of the planets found by Kepler implied an inverse square law of gravitation. Newton's skimpy treatment of the inverse problem led to a confrontation with Johann Bernoulli which, it has been suggested, can be understood as reflecting the differing viewpoints of the physicist (Newton) and the mathematician (Bernoulli), titles which of course did not exist at the time. Next in line was Leonhard Euler who sought 'real ideas' from which to abstract the fundamental but imaginary ideas of space and time and who was led to adopt an absolutist position with regard to space. It was also described how Euler maintained a lifelong hostility to the idea of force as a primitive notion. A street scene from 1900 transported the audience forward to late nineteenth-century France and to the views, in particular, of Henri Poincaré on the relation of mathematics to physics. Poincaré was described as an empiricist who espoused the plurality of theories which may be used to explain any set of experimental data. This is reflected in Poincaré's geometric conventionalism—he claimed that the choice of a suitable geometry for space is purely a matter of convention and must be based on human convenience. Many further subtleties, which there is not space to enter into here, were revealed as Jeremy outlined how the views of Poincaré differed from those of his contemporaries Edouard Le Roy and Pierre Duhem. Whilst all of these mathematicians may have been reluctant to describe the movement of the Earth around the Sun as being true, I am convinced they would have


This research was conducted to observe the effect of adding grooves in the two-phase flow of water-air in the same direction through a vertical pipe to changes in pressure and fluid flow patterns. Test section in the form of pipes with grooves made of acrylic material with a length of 100 cm and an internal diameter of 2.54 cm. The geometric shape of the acrylic pipe is modified by giving a groove in the direction of the pipe along the test section. Grooves used amounted to 4 and 16 and pipes without grooves used as a comparison. Tests are carried out by flowing water and air that has been mixed through the inlet side upward. The ratio of air velocity to water velocity (VG / VL ) is 0.24-1.13. The method used in this study is experimental. Retrieval of pressure drops data is done by using a differential pressure transmitter. Visual observations are also made using a DSLR camera equipped with a flash and video observations using a smartphone with slow-motion mode. The results showed changes in flow patterns and pressure drop values. Slugs in pipes with grooves disappear faster and pressure drops are lower than pipes without grooves.


A method includes receiving a content update for content presented using a presentation description language and inserting complementary information in the content based on the content update using the presentation description language. The content presented in the presentation description language may be Rich Media Environment (RME) content, and the complementary information may include one or more advertisements.


Fibrinolysin of a group A strain (Co) of hemolytic streptococcus does not exert its characteristic rapid action on human fibrin, if the fibrin is sufficiently pure. Such human fibrin can be rendered susceptible to the fibrinolysin by the addition of a lytic factor present in the euglobulin fraction of normal human serum. The human lytic factor also renders preformed rabbit fibrin susceptible to the group A fibrinolysin. The lytic factor contaminates the usual crude fibrin clot but is distinct from thrombin and fibrinogen.


We shall not cease from exploration And the end of all our exploring Will be to arrive where we started And to know the place for the first time. T. S. Eliot, Little Gidding (1942) It has been a busy decade. Approximately a hundred essays on Greek and Roman literature, from Homer to Nonnus, from Plautus to Claudian, a monograph on Euripides, thematic issues on Ancient Pastoral and Virgil's Georgics, work informed by a vigorous — and one hopes invigorating — sense of the humane value of classical literature and its analysis, but exhibiting in discussion of the ancient texts themselves considerable diversity of approach, emphasis, method. It would be obvious to the most casual reader that Ramus has eschewed the sterile path of the construction of its own methodological orthodoxy. The formal parameters for inclusion have been far more demanding — and important — than methodological consonance: substantiality of subject-matter and treatment; stringency, relevancy and coherence of argumentation; centrality and concentration of critical focus; significant and significantly original illumination of text; soundness of philological and historical scholarship; judiciousness of critical eye. The issue of critical focus, that is to say, of discrimination, merits emphasis. It is a truism to say that relegation of the peripheral to the peripheral, of the ancillary to the ancillary, are necessary conditions for the elucidation of any literary work. But it is a truism often ignored.


Excerpt] This Spotlight on Statistics looks at consumer expenditures on household items, employment in residential construction and housing-related industries, prices for household items and commodities, and injuries in occupations involved in building and maintaining our homes. Comments Suggested Citation Scoptelli, D. M. (2014). BLS spotlight on statistics: Housing Before, during, and after the Great Recession. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics. This article is available at DigitalCommons@ILR: http://digitalcommons.ilr.cornell.edu/key_workplace/1781 U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Spotlight on Statistics Page 1 SEPTEMBER 2014 Housing: Before, During, And After The Great Recession Demetrio M. Scopelliti Homeownership symbolizes the American dream. The home we live in often represents how we choose to live our lives. As Winston Churchill once said, "We shape our dwellings, and afterwards our dwellings shape us." As the 2000s unfolded, economic growth and public policies designed to increase homeownership led to a housing boom. By 2006, the "housing bubble" began to burst. In late 2007, the economy fell into recession. The housing market continued to soften, people began to lose their jobs, and the banking industry was in crisis. This Spotlight on Statistics looks at consumer expenditures on household items, employment in residential construction and housing-related industries, prices for household items and commodities, and injuries in occupations involved in building and maintaining our homes. U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Spotlight on Statistics Page 2 Expenditures on housing In 2012, households spent the largest share of average annual expenditures (33 percent, or $16,887) on housing. As a percentage of total housing expenditures, households spent, on average, most on shelter (59 percent). Over 60 percent of expenditures on shelter were on owned dwellings—consisting of mortgage interest and charges ($3,067), property taxes ($1,836), and maintenance, repairs, insurance, and other expenses ($1153). On average, slightly over 20 percent of total housing expenditures were spent on utilities, fuels, and public services. U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Spotlight on Statistics


How well do the brands and branding exercises of specific 'island products' connect with the brand of 'the Island' on which they are based? This paper adopts a sweeping 'island studies' global perspective in addressing this question. Given that they are already heavily themed places, we should not be surprised to find that islands typically brand themselves with a view to appeal to actual and potential visitors; in so doing, they invariably neglect, render indistinct or discount the appeal of the quality of their island life. Data sets from a 2004 survey of locally owned European small island businesses, as well as from a 2008 study of immigrant entrepreneurs on Prince Edward Island (PEI), Canada, suggest that quality of life features are a key component of the island allure – rather than a concoction tailored for alien consumption. Such features are more likely to attract and retain 'lifestyle entrepreneurs', are more likely to fit comfortably with the vision that the islanders may have about themselves, but will become increasingly problematic in the long term if they are successful in attracting many more immigrants to 'the Island'.


This paper presents the accumulated practical results achieved in robot based thermal coating and in using industrial robots for mechanical compacting of hardened layers. Additionally this presentation describes the applied simulation frame work as one important step forward in offline programming and simulation-based layout, program and process optimization.


A decentralized DC power system has been developed at NTT. The authors describe the transient voltage characteristics in the power system as well as the power converter characteristics. Transient voltage which may occur during commercial power failures was analyzed using computer simulation. The analysis clarified the relationships between transient voltage and impedance in the power system. A small, light and highly efficient rectifier and booster converter have been developed for the power system by utilizing series resonant converter techniques.<<ETX>>


Implementation of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)-technology has received increased
industrial interest during the last three decades. This is because utilisation of RFID is related
to opportunities to increase logistical efficiency (in terms of reduced time and costs) in
logistics operations, reduce risk of theft, control goods-characteristics (temperature,
humidity), and in tracking and tracing of goods to ensure and preserve the safety and quality
of goods in supply chains. In addition, previous studies in the area present logistics benefits in
implementing the Electronic Product Code Information Service framework. This report
focuses on potential impacts on logistics operations and opportunities in implementation of
RFID technology and the EPCIS-framework to ensure unique identification of trailers at
DFDS Seaways. The purpose is to investigate how RFID and EPCIS can be used for handling
of trailers in port-areas. The report presents findings from literature reviews and a case study
that investigated four research questions. The first question embraces potential logistics
operations affected by implementation of EPCIS framework. The second question explores
RFID-technology, suitable for unique identification of trailers in the two harbours Rotterdam
and Immingham. The third question concerns the potential physical location of RFID
technology on trailers and in the two port-areas. Finally, the fourth question explores potential
business benefits in implementing a RFID-based identification system of trailers at DFDS
terminals in Rotterdam and Immingham.
The results show that logistics operations of identification, inspection, registering, picking,
loading, un-loading, storage, and distribution of trailers are affected by implementation of the
EPCIS framework, which is important for DFDS in management of trailers. RFID-tags
suitable in identification of trailers are either passive or active. Similarly, the variety of RFIDreaders
ranges from hand-held RFID-scanners to RFID-portals. The choice of RFIDtechnology
should be based on the use of communication standards, presence of metal, and
costs. The results show several potential physical locations on trailers, tugmasters, and in the
Rotterdam and Immingham port-areas to place RFID-technology. Business benefits of
implementing a RFID based identification system in Rotterdam and Immingham can be
drawn from more effective logistics operations and reducing errors and problems occuring
such as forbidden parking of trailers, language problems, service in self-service files,
inspection and labelling of trailers. The report also examines the knowledge about RFIDtechnology
among employees working with handling of trailers in the two ports Rotterdam
and Immingham. The results presented contribute to the understanding of implementation of
RFID-technology and the EPCIS-framework in handling of trailers within port-areas from a
managerial point of view. This is useful for DFDS as well as for academia, since it shows that
RFID-based and standardised solutions should be prioritised to influence future setups and
theoretical development of the logistics research area.


Lay summary Measuring physiological parameters in the field is a challenge, so point-of-care devices are increasingly being used by conservation physiologists to assess blood parameters in non-human animals. We tested a glucose meter in two invertebrates (crab and mussel) and highlight the need for caution when using such devices in invertebrates.


Hayden White has done more than anyone to bring historical narrative to the attention of narratologists. As demonstrated in his recent article, "The Value of Narrativity in the Representation of Reality" (Critical Inquiry 7 [Autumn 1980]: 5-27), his particular strength is to be able to uncover the world view and assumptions behind a given strategy for presenting history.' Yet curiously, White presents a seeming anomaly: historical texts (annals and chronicles) that apparently cannot be read for his purposes as historical narratives; texts that are too rudimentary because the societies that produced them did not have the necessary degree of social "centeredness" to make their "completion" possible, to give them the necessary moral voice and authority to make them readable as complete historical narratives with "full narrativity." If one reflects on the title of White's paper, one realizes that White presents the not fully narrative forms not so much to comment on them as to use them to explore the significance of "full" narrativity, which involves, among other things, the formal elements of stories, explicit comments on the connections between events, and some kind of "mor-


The topological and energetic properties of the electron density distribution ρ(r) of the isolated pairwise H⋯F interaction have been theoretically calculated at several geometries (0.8<d<2.5 A) and represented against the corresponding internuclear distances. From long to short geometries, the results presented here lead to three characteristic regions, which correspond to three different interaction states. While the extreme regions are associated to pure closed-shell (CS) and shared-shell (SS) interactions, the middle one has been related to the redistribution of ρ(r) between those electronic states. The analysis carried out with this system has permitted to associate the transit region between pure CS and SS interactions to internuclear geometries involved in the building of the H–F bonding molecular orbital. A comparative analysis between the formation of this orbital and the behavior of some characteristic ρ(r) properties has indicated their intrinsic correspondence, leading to the definition of a b...


Asphaltenes are the heaviest and most polar components of crude oils which are commonly stable in the oil, and can precipitate, aggregate and eventually deposit in reservoirs, flow lines, separators, and other systems along production lines due to changes in conditions such as temperature, pressure and composition.
There are a few studies published in the literature focusing on the prediction of asphaltene deposition in pipelines, which reveals that there is lack of a comprehensive deposition simulator which fully considers all effective process during asphaltene deposition phenomena. In this work, a novel framework with considering all effective process in asphaltene deposition was developed and validated to predict the deposition profile of asphaltene during the multiphase flow along the steel tube. Results of this work shows that the asphaltene particles tend to aggregate with each other due to Brownian motion, so the asphaltene deposition model must consider this change in particle size of asphaltenes during the oil flow. It can also be concluded that in addition to the horizontal and vertical flow of oil in the tube, the radial movements of asphaltenes should also be considered to model the asphaltene deposition on the tube surface.


Models and Measurement Intercomparison II (MM II) summarizes the intercomparison of results from model simulations and observations of stratospheric species. Representatives from twenty-three modeling groups using twenty-nine models participated in these MM II exercises between 1996 and 1999. Twelve of the models were two- dimensional zonal-mean models while seventeen were three-dimensional models. This was an international effort as seven were from outside the United States. Six transport experiments and five chemistry experiments were designed for various models. Models participating in the transport experiments performed simulations of chemically inert tracers providing diagnostics for transport. The chemistry experiments involved simulating the distributions of chemically active trace cases including ozone. The model run conditions for dynamics and chemistry were prescribed in order to minimize the factors that caused differences in the models. The report includes a critical review of the results by the participants and a discussion of the causes of differences between modeled and measured results as well as between results from different models, A sizable effort went into preparation of the database of the observations. This included a new climatology for ozone. The report should help in evaluating the results from various predictive models for assessing humankind perturbations of the stratosphere.


Histological distribution and density of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are known to be informative to cancer patients' outcome. However, due to the heterogeneity and huge size of digitized pathology slides, it has been a challenging problem to quantify TILs-related features in whole slide images (WSI). This study aimed to explore the impact of spatial distribution of TILs quantified by deep learning (DL) approaches based on digitalized WSI stained with hematoxylin and eosin in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). The cancer and TILs regions are first separately identified by deep learning models in the WSI. The TILs densities at tumor invasive margins are then quantified by image analysis algorithms and used for prognosis of progression-free survival (PFS) in CRC patients. The prognostic impact of spatial distributions of TILs in CRC patients was explored in the Yonsei cohort (n=180) and validated in the TCGA cohort (n=268). Two experienced pathologists manually measured TILs at the most invasive margin as 0-3 by the Klintrup-Mäkinen (KM) grading method and compared to DL approaches. On multivariate analysis, TILs densities within 200µm of the invasive margin (f_im200) was remained as the most significant prognostic factor for PFS (HR 0.004 [95% CI, 0.0001-0.1502], p=.002) in the Yonsei cohort. On multivariate analysis using the TCGA dataset, f_im200 retained prognostic significance for PFS (HR 0.031, [95% CI 0.001-0.645], p=.024). Inter-observer agreement of manual KM grading was insignificant in both cohorts. The survival analysis by pathologists' manual KM grading showed statistically significant different PFS from the TCGA cohort, but not the Yonsei cohort. In summary, automated quantification of TILs at the invasive margin showed a prognostic utility to predict PFS, and could provide reproducible TILs density measurement in CRC patients.
 Citation Format: Hongming Xu, Yoon Jin Cha, Jean Clemenceau, Jinhwan Choi, Sung Hak Lee, Jeonghyun Kang, Tae Hyun Hwang. Spatial analysis of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in histological images using deep learning predicts progression-free survival in colorectal cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 642.


Project-based learning (PBL) can simulate and reflect current industry practice. Many civil engineering design modules contain major elements of group work that provide open-ended realistic project scenarios that aim to integrate knowledge from different subject areas. The group work element of PBL reinforces collaboration and team-working seen by the construction industry as being very important and useful. In PBL different design options need to be explored and require students to research, critically analyse and communicate effectively. These activities help build professional and practical skills necessary for learning and provide students with the opportunity and freedom to organise their own programme of work. Assessment tasks are devised so that they satisfactorily demonstrate achievement of the intended learning outcomes. Assessment outcome is seen as a record of academic achievement that allows progression. Assessment methods are therefore essential tools used to measure learning. These methods influence and impact the nature of learning and the retention of knowledge. Devising the assessments for modules containing PBL requires careful consideration. Frequently in group submissions, academically weaker students rely on their peers to produce the work. Disagreements, none or late production of work by team members and personality clashes can also occur. PBL modules at UWL are assessed via a number of group and individual submissions. The group submissions are covered by two or three group assignments. Each member of the group is awarded the group mark unless evidence is provided to the contrary. The individual submission is set to determine an individual's overall contribution. This is covered by one assignment that requires reflection on group interaction and based on gained experience, how concept and final designs, procedures including time management and managing own learning, could have been improved. PBL assessments methods are used in conjunction with the more traditional assessments methods of exams and time-controlled assignments.


We show that the subgroup generated by locally finite polynomial automorphisms of k n is normal in GA n . Also, some properties of normal subgroups of GA n containing all diagonal automorphisms are given.


The territorial boundary conflict between West Lombok and Central Lombok districts in West Nusa Tenggara (NTB) province has been going on for several years, with various attempts being made to find an appropriate solution. This study aims to analyze the synergies carried out by the Provincial Government of NTB in handling boundary conflicts. The research method used is a case study with in-depth interviews with informants involved in handling boundary conflicts. The results of the study show that government synergy in resolving boundary conflicts involves the West Lombok Regency Government, Central Lombok Regency Government, community leaders, and other relevant agencies. The synergies carried out include facilitating meetings, strengthening the authority of the Border Dispute Resolution Team so that it has a large and strong capacity, approaching the community, coordinating the central government with local governments regarding border conflicts between Central Lombok and West Lombok Regencies by providing coordination space. The governor acts as the representative of the central government in the province, so that the central government is under the command of the provincial government. The results of this research are the Decision of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia Number 1 P/Hum/2023 dated 9 February 2023, in the case submitted by the Regent of Central Lombok as the applicant party and the Minister of Home Affairs as the respondent. It has been decided that Nambung will become part of Central Lombok Regency.


Planting bioenergy crops with high water-use efficiency (WUE) on heavy metal-polluted land is a good practice for biomass production and phytoremediation. Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.), a C4 perennial bioenergy grass, is native to the United States. The relationship between the WUE and Cd accumulation of switchgrass has seldom been studied. Here, the WUE and Cd accumulation characteristics of 14 high-biomass switchgrass cultivars were investigated under Cd stress by hydroponic culture. The main results showed that Cd inhibited the instantaneous WUE in switchgrass seedlings and that the inhibition rate was more significant in the upland types than in the lowland types of switchgrass. A positive correlation was found between relative WUE and Cd accumulation in roots and shoots. The relative expression level of stomatal control-related genes (ERECTA and EPF1) in lowland cultivars with high WUE was higher than in upland cultivars with low WUE, both in control and Cd treatment conditions. The results suggest that it would be possible to further select and cultivate switchgrass with high WUE and a high capacity for Cd accumulation for phytoremediation in Cd-contaminated land.


Using Kyropoulos method to grow sapphire crystal,the problem of volatiles deposition is often encountered.Through the different experimental growth process and the 3D simulation results with FLUENT,analysis of the volatiles deposition on the up shield,crucible lid and heater surface and so on have been detailed.In order to decrease the volatiles deposition,higher purity Al 2 O 3 raw materials should be used,and used tungsten screen instead of molybdenum screen at high temperature close to the heater.After adjusting volatiles deposition is effectively controled and obtained 75 kg crystal with good quality.


We show that the approach by Chambert-Loir and Ducros of defining plurisubharmonic functions on Berkovich spaces via real-valued differential forms is an extension of Thuillier's very well developed theory on non-archimedean curves.
More precisely, we prove that a continuous function on the Berkovich analytification of a smooth proper algebraic curve over a non-archimedean field is plurisubharmonic in the sense of Chambert-Loir and Ducros if and only if it is subharmonic in the sense of Thuillier. Hence Thuillier's theory enables us to verify some of the characteristic properties of plurisubharmonic functions for this new approach by Chambert-Loir and Ducros. For example, it follows directly that for continuous functions being plurisubharmonic is stable under pullback with respect to morphisms of curves. Moreover, we deduce an analogue of the monotone regularization theorem on the Berkovich analytifications of the projective line and Mumford curves.

Furthermore, we study the tropical Dolbeault cohomology for the Berkovich analytifications of the projective line and Mumford curves. We show that it satisfies Poincare duality and
behaves analogously to the cohomology of curves over the complex numbers. We also give a complete calculation of the dimension of the cohomology on a basis of the topology.

Another part of this thesis is a generalization of the Energy Minimization Principle to the analytification of a general smooth proper curve over a non-archimedean field. This was known before only for the Berkovich analytification of the projective line by work of Baker and Rumely. As an application, we generalize an equidistribution result on elliptic curves due to Baker and Petsche.


Abstract Sucrose, raffinose and stachyose accumulate in soybean [Glycine max L. (Merrill)] embryos during seed maturation. To determine the relationship of plant maternal composition on seed composition, soluble carbohydrates in three 1-cm2 leaf punches at three plant growth stages (R2, R3, R6) and in seed coat cup exudates in planta were analysed at four 30-min intervals on soybean plants (R5) with low-raffinose, low-stachyose (LRS) seeds expressing the mutant stc1 phenotype; low-raffinose, low-stachyose and low-phytin (LRSP1, LRSP2) seeds expressing the mutant mips phenotype; or normal raffinose, stachyose and phytin (CHECK) seeds expressing the Stc1 and Mips phenotype. Leaf sucrose (23.6 μg cm− 2), myo-inositol (9.3 μg cm− 2), d-chiro-inositol (6.7 μg cm− 2), d-ononitol (0.76 μg cm− 2), d-pinitol (50.1 μg cm− 2) and total soluble carbohydrates (107.1 μg cm− 2) were not significantly different between phenotypes. d-chiro-Inositol, myo-inositol, d-pinitol and sucrose were unloaded from soybean seed coat cups in planta at decreasing rates over the four sequential periods of sampling. Unloading rates of sucrose and myo-inositol were highest for LRS, d-pinitol was highest for LRSP2, and d-chiro-inositol was not different between LRS, LRSP1, LRSP2 and CHECK. Free cyclitols were 60% of total soluble carbohydrates in leaves and 20% in seed coat cup exudates. Except for sucrose and d-pinitol, seed phenotype had little influence on the composition of compounds unloaded from seed coats to maturing embryos of low-raffinose, low-stachyose seeds. Maternally supplied cyclitols may contribute, in part, to changes in the composition of cyclitol galactosides stored in mature seeds.


The paper presents and discusses the issues of medical waste (including hazardous ones) and the problems regarding their proper management in Poland. Inappropriate handling of infectious medical waste directly endangers human health and the environment. Infectious waste must be properly disposed of—in practice, the only method of their disposal available in Poland is a thermal treatment in the incinerators tailored for this purpose. This causes many problems to smaller entities such as the local health centers, but also to the beauty and tattoo salons. As a solution to these problems, the mobile medical waste incinerator was proposed. During designing an incinerator unit, a diverse morphological composition of the medical waste should be taken into account, however, there are no inspection reports available in Poland. Based on a few data concerning the composition of the medical waste, the article presents designing considerations in regard to the incinerator's chamber dimensions. The calculations were carried out for several variants of the waste morphological composition. The own construction of a mobile medical waste incinerator, which conforms to the regulations in Poland and the European Union, was presented. It should be emphasized that it is a novelty on the Polish market, due to the automatic waste feeder into the combustion chamber, adapted to a mobile unit.


Economically developed countries develop pilot projects aimed at developing entrepreneurship and improving labor productivity through the use of modern technologies. In this regard, the state's policy focus on addressing the issue of labor productivity growth and bridging the technological gap between the country and advanced economies has brought attention to the need for discovering new avenues and resources to enhance labor productivity in Russia. The goal of this work is to identify the dependencies between the development of digital technologies and the labor productivity of medium-sized enterprises in Russia and its regions. The study confirmed the following hypotheses: there is a correlation between the share of companies using the Internet and labor productivity of medium-sized enterprises in Russia. ICT costs in Russia have a rather strong impact on the labor productivity of medium-sized enterprises. The study results can be used to identify those digital technologies indicators that have the greatest impact on labor productivity growth of medium-sized enterprises, which can be used to improve regional aspects of innovative development of the country's economy.


This research investigated nutrition knowledge level and nutrition status of junior secondary school students in Malang city. Subjects of the research were 253 male students and 248 female students. The research found that nutrition knowledge level and nutrition statues of junior secondary school students in Malang city were not in the good criteria.


case the political aspirations of these theorists would threaten individual liberty and social accord, rather than go beyond these liberal achievements. These three theorists fail in their attempt to go beyond liberalism because they all reject, each in his own way, the possibility of universal political knowledge. In the last analysis, they hold that political knowledge is contextual. For this reason, Kautz argues, often effectively, they can neither provide protections for individual dissent nor establish procedures for resolving cultural conflict. In fact, irrespective of how they may understand themselves, they are communitarians just because they believe that political knowledge and goals must be communal. It seems to me that this is the real, or at least the operative, definition of communitarianism in this book. I think it is an inadequate definition. The dispute between liberals and various kinds of communal democrats traditionally has hinged upon different notions of freedom rather than knowledge. Communal democrats are not necessarily tied to epistemological relativism, and liberalism has no monopoly on cognitive realism.


Purpose – The health status and medical care of migrant populations is an increasingly important topic in light of the recent emergence of a number of global epidemics. This paper aims to investigate the prevalence of diseases, injuries, and other health problems in the Caribbean‐American population of Miami, Florida.Design/methodology/approach – A sample of 290 Caribbean‐born permanent adult residents of Miami, representing 17 different Caribbean countries of origin, was interviewed at three health clinics regarding current health problems and treatments. Demographic data were also collected.Findings – In total, 38 percent of the respondents indicated past or current health problems requiring professional medical care, while an additional 7 percent engaged in self‐care. The 62 different reported conditions ranged from lung cancer to ulcers, kidney stones, clinical depression, scoliosis, and diverticulitis. The most frequently stated disorders were hypertension, asthma, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, a...


Objective In Ethiopia, community-level knowledge about the current COVID-19 pandemic has not been well studied. This study is aimed to assess knowledge level and factors influencing the prevention of the COVID-19 pandemic among residents of Dessie and Kombolcha city administrations, Ethiopia. Design Community-based cross-sectional study. Settings Dessie and Kombolcha city administrations. Participants Participants were household heads or members (n=828, >18 years) who have lived in the study area for at least 2 months preceding the survey. Methods Binary logistic regression was used for a single outcome and multiple response variables. In the multivariable regression model, a value of p<0.05 and adjusted OR (AOR) with 95% CI were used to identify factors associated with knowledge level of the community. Epi Info V.7.2 and SPSS V.20 software were used for data entry and analysis, respectively. Outcome Knowledge level. Results A total of 828 participants was involved with a response rate of 98%. Women were 61.7%. Participants' mean (±SD) age was 39 (±14) years. Of the total participants 54.11% (95% CI 50.6% to 57.6%) had inadequate knowledge about COVID-19 prevention. Significant associations were reported among women (AOR=1.41; 95% CI 1.03 to 1.92); age ≥65 years (AOR=2.72; 95% CI 1.45 to 5.11); rural residence (AOR=2.69; 95% CI 1.78 to 4.07); unable to read and write (AOR=1.60; 95% CI 1.02 to 2.51); information not heard from healthcare workers, mass media and social media (AOR=1.95; 95% CI 1.35 to 2.82), (AOR=2.5; 95% CI 1.58 to 4.19) and (AOR=2.13; 95% CI 1.33 to 3.42), respectively, with inadequate knowledge. Conclusion These findings revealed that more than 50% of participants had inadequate knowledge about COVID-19. It highlights the need for widespread awareness campaigns about COVID-19 through mass media, healthcare professionals and social media as sources of information. House-to-house awareness creation is recommended to address older adults who are more vulnerable to the pandemic.


We present a model for the structure of the pion. Based on ideas of a recently developed statistical model of the nucleon, we assume the pion to be a gas of partons. The finite-size corrections (FSC) are incorporated through two parameters. Using the same two FSC parameters for the proton and pion we reproduce quantitatively the data on πN → μ+μ−X Drell-Yan production and valence quark distribution of the pion. PACS numbers: 12.40.Ee, 14.40.Aq, 14.65.-q


In a comparison of the percutaneous absorption of 22Na+ with that of 36Cl-, zinc-EDTA-65Zn, ferric-EDTA-59Fe, ferric-tiron-59Fe or ferric-chromotropic acid-59Fe by the"double isotopic method, "it was demonstrated that water-soluble substances added simultaneously to absorption or hydrophilic ointment were absorbed at widely different rates through hair-clipped mouse skin. These results suggest that water-soluble substances added to an emulsion-type ointment may be absorbed through the skin into the body not as emulsified particles themselves but as solution or particles ultimately free of ointment base. It was also demonstrated that percutaneous absorbability of ferric-chromotropic acid-59Fe was significantly lower than that of ferric-tiron-59Fe when a comparison of the rates of absorption of these two radioactive compounds was made indirectly by using the absorption rate of 22Na+ added simutlaneously with each 59Fe-chelate compound to the absorption ointment as a standard. Thus, it was inferred that, when other conditions are similar, the percutaneous absorbability of water-soluble substances from emulsion-type ointment through mouse skin may be decreased with an increase in molecular size.


The article is dedicated to the analysis of functions of the image of water in Pasternak's early poem Fevral'. Dostat' chernil i plakat', Povest' and Doctor Zhivago. Such an interpretation is explained by the fact that both Povest' and Doctor Zhivago have scenes in which the image of water acts as a central one. Stressing its importance in Pasternak's creative work, the author of the article makes a conclusion that water as a classical element plays here a dual role symbolizing both creative activity and changes in relationships between the heroes.


We describe an Italian pedigree with hereditary dementia associated with a novel T122R mutation in the presenilin‐2 gene (PSEN2). The clinical history, symptom presentation, and structural neuroimaging were consistent with an atypical form of dementia. Disease expression varied within family members. One in a pair of mutated monozygotic twins had evident signs of disease, whereas the other did not, even if her functional neuroimaging investigations, cerebrospinal fluid levels of Aβ1‐42, and Tau protein were able to provide markers for future disease development. These observations suggest the importance of still unknown biological and perhaps environmental factors in the disease determination.


The article gives a brief account on the concept and characteristics of the cost management on engineering,analyzes the problems in every process of it,and proposes some related countermeasures.


In the nickel-based coating of tantalum is added to stabilize the γ / γ 'phase at high temperature, resulting in a reduction of local stress.


To assess the impact of and adherence to the British HIV Association (BHIVA) guidelines in routine clinical practice in the UK and Ireland.


In order to design a highly stable and robust control system for a flexible rotor suspended by magnetic bearings, it is important to understand the actual system characteristics through experimental identification and assign appropriate eigenvalues based on the results. This paper describes new methods of system identification and pole assignment by output feedback, the Eigenvalues Move Method. The effectiveness of these methods were verified using the measured transfer functions of an experimental apparatus digitally controlled by DSP.


Ideally, scientists should be able to format, explore, anal)lie and visualize data in a simple, powerful and fast appJieatiou that would seamlessly integrate georefereneed data from a variety of data source~ into a powerful intuitive visualization. Geographie information systems (GIS) provide a high level of funetionaliiy for spatial analyses, bill are not yet able to provide the extended funetionality needed to ereate a truly "scientific GIS". Java can be used to program sciemific calculations and analyses, but it isn't inherently spatial. VRML provides the ability to visualize scientific data and to allow the user to interact with the data by rotating. zooming and pllllJ\ing, but you cannot easily query VRML objects. Recent developments in GIS and in Java can be exploited to produce a prototype of this kind of integrated scientific system. In this projeet we used a combinatioo of JavaiJava3D and a commercial GIS package (ArcGIS) to create a prototype for a scientific GIS. We combine the spatial tools exposed through the ArcEnginc API with the analytical capabilities of algorithms wrinen in Java witb the complex visualizllion capabilities of Java3D. Modules from each of these technologies are combiued (0 create iunovative tools to allow users to import data, perfonn spatial and scientific analyses and output the results as visualizations for further examination.


The aim of the article is to present the main threats to the validity of measuring the fuzzy variables and the variables characterized by a dynamic structure of the opposition. These threats are mainly due to inadequate modeling of this type of variables, routine choice of rating scales in the process of measurement design and the use of numerical methods unsuited to a verbal format of data in which these variables could be expressed. In the article the schemes of heterogeneous and fuzzy variables modeling were presented. These schemes are based on models developed in the theory of attitudes and on the system of fuzzy logic.


A protein for use in the treatment of bladder cancer, wherein the protein elicits a response inmunecontra a cell bladder cancer which expresses a protein in which the protein comprises an secuenciaidentica to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 657 wherein the medicament is provided to the mammal sistemainmune and through which is caused with the immune response against dichacelula bladder cancer expressing the protein takes place.