Need analysis is a pivotal process prior to starting any courses in order to get initial classroom mapping about students' needs and expectations. This current study aims to describe the result of need analysis conducted prior to the course of Bahasa Inggris for nursing students. The method employed is descriptive quantitative using data that were collected through questionnaires distributed to the students who are taking Bahasa Inggris course in the odd semester 2022/2023. The results show several points, such as the students belonged to the beginner to intermediate level of English users who merely used English in the classroom contexts. The most challenging language skill is speaking, yet they have had learning awareness to acquire all the language skills in the targeted language. The students also propose some criteria of good teaching materials, learning activities, as well as assessment forms. Finally, the result of this current study can be one of the considerations or the basis for future learning designers, course facilitators, and institutions to design the course which meets the students' needs.

Keywords: English, need analysis, nursing students


Thank you very much for reading chain conjectures in ring theory an exposition of conjectures on catenary chains. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have search hundreds times for their chosen books like this chain conjectures in ring theory an exposition of conjectures on catenary chains, but end up in infectious downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they are facing with some harmful bugs inside their desktop computer.


In the LCD panel based on the display, a method for dynamically selecting one of the FRC or the pixel voltage overdrive it will be described. The method is performed by the following operation. The input video vertical refresh rate is determined in the video data stream, it is only one of the video data stream control protocol from a plurality of available video data stream control protocol based on the determination is selected. The selected video data stream control protocol is applied in the subsequent video data stream.


Retention behavior of lanthanides was studied on the dynamic system using dinonylnaphthalene sulfonic acid cation exchanger and tartaric acid as a complexing agent. The relations between logk' and log/log[tartarate], and between logk' and logR showed good linearity in isocratic and gradient elution, respectively. In gradient elution of tartaric acid the slopes were increased as the initial concentrations were decreased. Column efficiencies and resolution of lanthanides on dinonylnaphthalene sulfonic acid equilibrated cation exchanger were found to be better in -hydroxyisobutyric acid eluent than in tartaric acid.


Taking into account the situation generated by the COVID-19 pandemic, the Romanian penal legislator relevantly amended the legal characterisation of one of the most dangerous antisocial conducts in such context, the offence of "frustration of disease control". Following an introduction which has the goal to contextualize, we proceed with a review of the different versions of the offence. The article intends to emphasise, mainly, the incongruities and potential negative effects of the implemented amendments. Lastly, noting all observations, we draw a de lege ferenda proposal, drafting a potential future characterisation of the offence provided in art. 352 of the Criminal Code.


The incidence of MI rises sharply at the time of menopause, implicating loss of estrogen (E2) in age‐related increases in ischemic injury.


Weaving sections widely spread among other traffic facilities. Different types of weaving section have been recognized through various editions of Highway Capacity Manual (HCM). However, the HCM has suffered from inability to represent driver behaviour at these sections.  Therefore, for each type, there is a specific behaviour. This study has focused on investigating weaving characteristics using more than 60 hours of field data and also MIDAS data have involved. The observed characteristics include merging and diverging points for weaving vehicles, how drivers react to weaving sections in terms of changing their speed, cooperative and aggressive behaviour of drivers and effective length for each type of weaving sections. Seven different sites have been investigated in the UK through this study. The results of this study indicate that the effective length is equal to full weaving length for weaving length less than 300m and 200m for the weaving length higher than 300m. Moreover, specific limits for merging and diverging points have been investigated through this study. Then, the simulation model has been developed to find out other characteristics from the simulation model such as applying new effective management by changing weaving section from Type A to Type B with significant increase in the capacity of the new section.


Measurements of $CP$ asymmetries in charmless three-body decays of $B^\pm$ mesons are reported using proton-proton collision data collected by the LHCb detector, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5.9$\,$fb$^{-1}$. The previously observed $CP$ asymmetry in $B^\pm \to \pi^\pm K^+ K^-$ decays is confirmed, and $CP$ asymmetries are observed with a significance of more than five standard deviations in the $B^\pm \to \pi^\pm \pi^+ \pi^-$ and $B^\pm \to K^\pm K^+ K^-$ decays, while the $CP$ asymmetry of $B^\pm \to K^\pm \pi^+ \pi^-$ decays is confirmed to be compatible with zero. The distributions of these asymmetries are also studied as a function of the three-body phase space and suggest contributions from rescattering and resonance interference processes. An indication of the presence of the decays $B^\pm \to \pi^\pm \chi_{c0}(1P)$ in both $B^\pm \to \pi^\pm \pi^+ \pi^-$ and $B^\pm \to \pi^\pm K^+ K^-$ decays is observed, as is $CP$ violation involving these amplitudes.


A pot experiment was used to study the effects of slow-release fertilizer and fast-release fertilizer on Celosia cristata L.with average height of 10 cm.The results showed that contrast with CK,the stem length,biomass and crown of cockscomb were improved obviously by fertilization treatments.Compared with fast-release fertilizer,the slow-release fertilizer enhanced Celosia cristata L.root growth,flower growth,total biomass and flower weight ratio,with the flowers fresh weight of full amount fertilizations and 2/3 amount fertilizer treatments were increased by 61.95%and 71.57%respectively,and the flower weight ratio increased by 29.67%and 76.51%respectively;we found that 2/3 amount of slow-release fertilization(T2) with pure N 0.37 g/pot was the best application rate.Finally we concluded that the application of slow-release fertilizer plays a significant role in improving the quality and ornamental value of Celosia cristata L..


Background/Aims The existing histological classifications for the interpretation of small intestinal biopsies are based on qualitative parameters with high intraobserver and interobserver variations. We have developed and propose a quantitative histological classification system for the assessment of intestinal mucosal biopsies. Methods We performed a computer-assisted quantitative histological assessment of digital images of duodenal biopsies from 137 controls and 124 patients with celiac disease (CeD) (derivation cohort). From the receiver-operating curve analysis, followed by multivariate and logistic regression analyses, we identified parameters for differentiating control biopsies from those of the patients with CeD. We repeated the quantitative histological analysis in a validation cohort (105 controls and 120 patients with CeD). On the basis of the results, we propose a quantitative histological classification system. The new classification was compared with the existing histological classifications for interobserver and intraobserver agreements by a group of qualified pathologists. Results Among the histological parameters, intraepithelial lymphocyte count of ≥25/100 epithelial cells, adjusted villous height fold change of ≤0.7, and crypt depth-to-villous height ratio of ≥0.5 showed good discriminative power between the mucosal biopsies from the patients with CeD and those from the controls, with 90.3% sensitivity, 93.5% specificity, and 96.2% area under the curve. Among the existing histological classifications, our quantitative histological classification showed the highest intraobserver (69.7%–85.03%) and interobserver (24.6%–71.5%) agreements. Conclusions Quantitative assessment increases the reliability of the histological assessment of mucosal biopsies in patients with CeD. Such a classification system may be used for clinical trials in patients with CeD.


?Welcome to the course page for Business Development for Life Scientists This content is designed provide an overview of the business development process. Topics include the business development process of how to grow or expand a business by identifying gaps and ways to fill them. The goal of this workshop is to help prepare scientists who want to start their own labs, and inform scientists who want to go into industry. On this page you will find the lecture videos, case study information and other resources to help you prepare for the Business Development workshop.


The results are given of theoretical and experimental investigations of the conversion of the pump statistics by three-wave parametric amplification of picosecond light pulses under strong energy-exchange conditions. A study is made of the influence of fluctuations of the pump radiation on the parametric conversion efficiency.


This study deals with the method of collision avoidance in the automatic tool path generation for 5-axis control machining. The 5-axis control machining offers the potential of efficient and accurate machining, while the collision between a tool and surrounding objects is still a severe problem. The method devised in this study realizes the judgement on the possibility of collision avoidance at the position where the collision take place, and produces the direction of collision avoidance, based on the 2-dimensional configuration space defined by two parameters which determines the tool posture. This method allows a test workpiece with an overhanging part to be actually milled without collision. As a result, the validity of the method is experimentally confirmed.


The optical and pneumatic filter rod circumference control systems were compared in terms of control accuracy,stability and resistance to disturbance,their working principles and control means were analyzed.The comparison was carried out separately on filter rod makers with optical and pneumatic control system to produce filter rods with tow both of the same specifications,and the produced filter rods were sampled and tested.The results showed that: the mean circumference of the samples produced by filter rod makers with optical control system was 24.1019 mm and that with pneumatic control system was 24.0962 mm,their standard deviations were of 0.0310 and 0.0504 mm,the short-term process capability indexes of 3.22 and 1.99,and the long-term capability indexes of 3.20 and 1.96,respectively.It indicated that optical circumference control system has the advantages over pneumatic control system in terms of control accuracy,response speed,stability,and resistance to disturbance.


Quarter-micron interconnection technologies for 256-Mbit dynamic random access memories (DRAMs) are reviewed. Since the density of memory capacity is increased, both decreasing feature size and increasing sophistication of cell structures are required, resulting in three-dimensional structures. This trend leads us to the introduction of new interconnection technologies which have good coverage, low resistivity and high reliability, because the three-dimensional device structure requires high aspect-ratio contact hole plugs and narrow-pitch metal lines on different surface levels. The state of the art and current problems are discussed for quarter-micron contact-hole filling and quarter-micron interconnection lines.


[1] A computationally efficient approach to reducing omission errors in ocean tide potential models is derived and evaluated using data from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) mission. Ocean tide height models are usually explicitly available at a few frequencies, and a smooth unit response is assumed to infer the response across the tidal spectrum. The convolution formalism of Munk and Cartwright (1966) models this response function with a Fourier series. This allows the total ocean tide height, and therefore the total ocean tide potential, to be modeled as a weighted sum of past, present, and future values of the tide-generating potential. Previous applications of the convolution formalism have usually been limited to tide height models, but we extend it to ocean tide potential models. We use luni-solar ephemerides to derive the required tide-generating potential so that the complete spectrum of the ocean tide potential is efficiently represented. In contrast, the traditionally adopted harmonic model of the ocean tide potential requires the explicit sum of the contributions from individual tidal frequencies. It is therefore subject to omission errors from neglected frequencies and is computationally more intensive. Intersatellite range rate data from the GRACE mission are used to compare convolution and harmonic models of the ocean tide potential. The monthly range rate residual variance is smaller by 4–5%, and the daily residual variance is smaller by as much as 15% when using the convolution model than when using a harmonic model that is defined by twice the number of parameters.


2by focusing a 45-TW laser beam with an f0.6 off-axis paraboloid. The aberrations of the paraboloid and the low-energy reference laser beam were measured and corrected, and a focal spot size of 0.8 mm was achieved. It is shown that the peak intensity can be increased to 1.0 3 10 22 Wcm 2 by correction of the wave front of a 45-TW beam relative to the reference beam. The phase and amplitude measurement provides for an efficient full characterization of the focal field. © 2004 Optical Society of America OCIS codes: 010.1080, 140.3590, 320.7090.


Purpose: This paper describes systematic choices and their rationale for structuring a curriculum for a RadiationOncologyPhysics Residency accreditable by the Commission on Accreditation of Medical PhysicsEducation Programs (CAMPEP). Method and Materials: The AAPM Report No. 90, "Essentials and Guidelines for Hospital‐based Medical Physics Residency Training Programs" lists ten rotation topics related to routine clinical treatment planning and delivery procedures and processes and the technical support and quality assurance that support them. The procedures implemented in a specific radiotherapy department depend upon the equipment and software purchased by the facility as well as the individual preferences of the radiationoncologists and staff of the department. Specific procedures and processes appropriate for the rotation categories were identified and listed. However, an approach to developing a Resident's competency performing the processes can be generalized into three phases. In Phase I the Resident observes a Mentor carry out the process and reads background material. In Phase II the Resident carries out the process under close supervision by the Mentor. In Phase III the Resident carries out the process independently. The Mentor documents satisfactory completion of each phase. The Assessment of the Resident's competency is completed by oral examinations by the Residency Program Faculty. Results: The approach was applied to writing a Self‐Study Document for CAMPEP. The document contained a detailed description of ten competency‐based rotations using the three phase format. The descriptions of the rotations composed the majority of the 233‐page study. Conclusion: A RadiationOncologyPhysics Residency Program can be systematically constructed by identifying processes and procedures associated with AAPM Report No. 90 competencies and then developing the Resident's competencies with these processes and procedures in three phases. Conflict of Interest : This work supported in part by a grant from the American Society of Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology.


Unplanned acute hospital readmissions put persons with dementia at risk for adverse health outcomes. It is crucial to identify avenues for effective interventions to decrease or prevent unnecessary readmissions, especially in particularly vulnerable patient groups such as those living with dementia and particularly for common and potentially preventable reasons for hospitalization such as infections. Relatively little is known about hospitalization trajectories for people with dementia who get admitted to a hospital with an infection, and surprisingly little is described and documented in literature. We aimed to investigate readmission risks (with dementia and without); identify types of infections behind risks; and highlight reasons for readmissions.


An award-winning British engineering company steeped in the renewable energy market has developed a hydraulic hybrid system it has installed experimentally in a Dennis Dart. Alan Millar reports on progress so far.


We outline a diierential inequality method for proving estimates on expectations of products of random variables occurring in the theory of random Schrr odinger operators. This method is applied to prove correlated Wegner estimates for local Hamiltonians with Anderson-type potentials constructed with either long-range, single-site potentials and/or correlated coupling constants. These estimates on the joint probability of correlated random variables are a key ingredient in the proof of the existence of intervals of exponentially localized states for the corresponding families of random Hamiltonians. This application completes the proof of localization for long-range, single-site potentials described in our earlier paper 6]. This work also extends the results of 3] to Anderson{type potentials with correlated coupling constants. In particular , these results establish exponential localization in energy intervals near the band edges of the spectrum of the unperturbed Hamiltonian for general families of correlated coupling constants.


In conditions of market economies accounting reporting managing субъектов becomes main means of communi-cation and most important data ware element of financial analysis. Any enterprise constantly needs for concourses of financing. Find their possible on the market of capital, attracting potential investors and obliges by the way of objective informing them on its financialeconomic activity, and from that, are insofar attractive published financial results, show current and perspective financial condition of enterprise, is far enough high and probability of getting the concourses of financing.


This article explores narrative strategies used by Isabel de Villena to achieve her educational objectives: to move, to channel behaviors and, ultimately, to strengthen interpersonal bonds and, therefore, the emotional interconnection of her community. Furthermore, by examining the construction of characters such as Mary and Mary Magdalene, this study also shows the effectiveness of experiential learning, collective experience and sublimation in the process of instruction and indoctrination of the Poor Clares of the Holy Trinity Monastery in the fifteenth century.


InTrodUcTIon: Due to their occupational responsibilities and volatile work environment, paramedics are in constant contact with harmful, dangerous factors, making them vulnerable to a number of occupational health risks. These include harmful biological, chemical, physical, as well as psychophysical factors (musculo-skeletal system strain, stress, patient aggression, occupational burnout). The present study aims to evaluate occupational hazard prevalence among emergency medical service (EMS) paramedics, the possibility of occupational illness incidence, and related prophylaxis. MATerIAL And MeTHods: The participant sample consisted of paramedics employed in five mobile EMS oper ational areas in the Masovian voivodship. The study involved 238 people, including 223 men and 15 women. The mean age was 39.03 ± 9.27 years for males, and 31.93 ± 7.76 years for females. The study took place between May and September 2019 using diagnostic survey methodology. resULTs: Participants ordered the following factors based on a scale of threat: biological factors (47%), psychophysical factors (41%), chemical factors (7%), and physical factors (5%). Health issues included musculoskeletal system discomfort (39%) and mental overload (33%). Participants indicated harmful biological factors to cause illnesses such as influenza (85%), tuberculosis (79%), and hepatitis B or C (70%). The study showed that 73% of the participants are occupationally exposed to patient aggression, while 15% experienced occupational burnout. concLUsIons: Paramedics are exposed to a number of occupational hazards daily. The ones most significant in terms of serious disease development are harmful biological factors, musculoskeletal risk factors, fatigue, mental overload related to occupational responsibilities.


HENRI-LeON Vangeon, better known as Henri Gheon, was a versatile and prolific man of letters. He was not only a physician but also a painter, poet, pianist, actor, producer and critic. An ardent nationalist, he contributed articles to the royalist-sympathizing Action Francaise, and, most significantly, he was totally dedicated to restoring the integrity of dramatic art in France. Gheon's medical career came in the most tumultuous period of his life and remained peripheral to his other interests. He undertook the pursuit of a medical education partly to satisfy his family's high ambitions for him and partly to meet the demands . . .


The present invention is a body consisting of a hollow closed cylindrical shape; Is provided in the interior of the body, the combustion chamber is formed a plurality of through holes so that the combustion gas can be discharged; One end being coupled to the through hole of the combustion chamber, the exhaust pipe the other end coupled to the body; Using used number inlet is provided at one side of the body can be the inlet port; And is provided on the other side of the body can be used that can use the heat in the interior of the body discharge outlet port; of hanba implement a condensing heat exchanger and the boiler, including them characterized in that it comprises the, the high-temperature combustion gas generated in the combustion chamber a plurality It becomes the contact area spread over the exhaust pipe and to-pass method improves the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger, and a tubular heat exchanger making this possible effect of high efficiency without increasing added volume. Further, the effect is lost in use can pressure less since the path between the inlet port and the outlet port is short. In addition, even if the exhaust pipe is condensed water generated there is an effect that can be to match the direction of the falling direction of the condensate and the flue gas to minimize the efficiency decreases Chemistry of the heat exchanger. Further, the first fixing member and the second fixing member to fix the position of the plurality of exhaust pipes with a smooth flow of use, the first fixed member and the improve the heat transfer area through the second fixing member to heat exchanger there is a heat exchange efficiency effect can be further improved.


This white paper takes a critical look at the pros and cons of building data-centric systems and using database-based services to implement business logic, exploiting what databases do best. Data-centric enterprise systems are well suited to implement data access and business logic functionality physically in the database server using stored procedures. With Java as the leading contender for stored procedure language, this approach provides the added benefit of deploying the business logic either in application services or in data services without changing the source code.


Size exclusion chromatography (SEC) is capable of evaluating the molecular weight distribution (MWD) of a sample. Information about the chemical composition distribution can be gained by gradient high performance liquid chromatography (gradient HPLC), where a poor starting eluent is, in the course of the separation, substituted by another one of increasing elution strength. Both normal-phase and reversed-phase systems can be employed. The combination of SEC and gradient HPLC enables chromatographic cross-fractionation to be performed efficiently.


In children with a first Escherichia coli‐induced febrile urinary tract infection (fUTI), routine voiding cytourethrography (VCUG) is not recommended for detecting vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). Meanwhile, the sensitivity of renal and bladder ultrasound (RBUS) for detecting VUR is insufficient. Aiming to implement VCUG properly for children with a first E. coli‐induced fUTI, we attempted to construct a predictive scoring system for the early screening of VUR.


Matrix transpose in parallel systems typically involves costly all-to-all communications. In this paper, we provide a comparative characterization of various efficient algorithms for transposing small and large matrices using the popular symmetric multiprocessors (SMP) architecture, which carries a relatively low communication cost due to its large aggregate bandwidth and low-latency inter-process communication. We conduct analysis on the cost of data sending / receiving and the memory requirement of these matrix-transpose algorithms. We then propose an adaptive algorithm that can minimize the overhead of the matrix transpose operations given the parameters such as the data size, number of processors, start-up time, and the effective communication bandwidth.


Psychological studies have shown immense behavioral flexibility in arm reaching tasks. Intermanual learning transfer (ILT) tasks have shown that both reaching movements adapt to distorted spaces rather rapidly and the adaptation generalizes to the behavior of other limbs. In this paper, we present an ILT experiment and replicate it with feedforward neural network (NN) architectures. We show that the NN architecture is the key to successfully replicating the experiments. Moreover, we show that dependent on the architecture and the initial training schedule applied, an internal space representation emerges that enables ILT. The results confirm that internal body spaces, identified in neuroscience and cognitive psychological research, can emerge solely due to an interdependence between different limb movements and the right neural architecture. We hypothesize that, in order to develop internal spatial representations observed in animals and humans, it might be sufficient to enforce the integration of multiple correlated sensory and motor information into one compact internal representation.


Organic agricultural production offers safe, healthy and high quality food for all. It's being produced by certain standards and approved by certificates that are issued by third party (certification body), which assures that organic standards are respected. It's an approach in which quality addresses all factors that participate in the production of organic food. The organic farming is a way of breeding and processing plants and livestock. The operation is follows one principle which is to create quality in all aspects. This triggered the research on the possibility of applying a managerial method on the creation of the idea that the quality is a liability and responsibility to everyone which is achieved with full commitment and a constant improvement in all aspects of the operation (TQM). The implementation of TQM in the organization of work in associations of producers of organic products will improve the organization in general will achieve higher level of development and maintain itself on the market. The implementation of TQM in the operation of associations of producers of organic products should start by educating their presidency and then pass it on to all members and to change. The purpose of the paper is to explore the possibilities of implementing the training under the principles of TQM in the associations of producers of organic products in the country. Therefore, members of the associations of producers of organic products in Republic of Macedonia were surveyed on a previously prepared questionnaire.


Abstract Based on self-determination theory (SDT), this study investigates the relationship between job autonomy and mental health and the mediating role of perceived supervisor support (PSS) in that relationship. The study also examines whether employees' work values moderate the relationships between job autonomy and PSS and mental health. Although it is well known that job autonomy has close relationships with mental health, we know little about the roles of PSS and employees' values in these relationships. Using data from a nationally representative survey, this study found that PSS mediated the relationship between job autonomy and mental health. Furthermore, intrinsic work values positively moderated the relationships of job autonomy with PSS and mental health, whereas extrinsic work values negatively moderated these relationships. These findings support the idea of value–means fit. The findings provide important implications, beyond SDT, for how employees' mental health can be improved and which employees benefit more from job autonomy.


It makes an analysis of the floor crack in residential buildings,puts forward researching new type of floor,applying sticking agent to dispel air,increasing steel bar to disassemble pressure and other methods.It makes a research of material development and renovation,construction detail and technology,design plan and method so as to find the best way of solving surface and root problems.


I cannot resist recalling the circumstances that led me to review the book Theaters of Capitalism: Creating Conscious Capitalism by David Boje. I was first intrigued by the title and seduced by the ambitious objective of the author. I contacted Olivier Germain to take responsibility for the review. Then, I was absent when the Amazon deliveryman came to my apartment. Luckily, my neighbor, a French actress and writer, was home and accepted the package on my behalf. I knocked at her door at an unduly hour to get the book. I thought at the time that being handed Theaters of Capitalism by an artist was a good omen. I was not disappointed. The purpose of the book by David Boje is best understood by referring to the celebrated Shakespeare verse: "All the world's a stage, And all the men and women Merely players"


This experiment sought to establish the response to increasing levels of coconut oil (CO) supplementation with a fixed 0·50:0·50 forage:concentrate diet on intake, digestibility and methane (CH 4 ) emissions. Sixteen continental cross beef heifers (mean starting weight 481±36 kg) were assigned randomly to one of four levels of CO; 0 g/day, 125 g/day, 250 g/day or 375 g/day in an incomplete (three periods) multiple (no. =4) Latin-square design experiment (no. =12 per treatment). A linear reduction in CH 4 output occurred as the level of CO in the diet increased ( P P 4 output was greater than the proportional reduction in DMI and hence CH 4 l/kg DMI decreased from 39·8 l/kg when no CO was given to 29·7 l/kg when 375 g/day CO was given. The addition of CO to the diet resulted in a significant decline in dry-matter digestibility (DMD) at the 375 g/day level ( P 4 production with no adverse effect on DMI or DMD up to the 250 g/day level (0·027 of dietary DM).


In order to study the low frequency oscillation (20–40 kHz) in a plume of Hall thrusters, the plasma parameter oscillations are measured with a Langmuir probe in axial and circumferential directions, and oscillations of different energy ions are measured with a multi-grid probe by varying the potential to repel selected ions. Experimental results indicate that the oscillation of plasma parameters in the plume exhibits the same frequency as a low frequency discharge current oscillation and is synchronous in the circumferential direction at the time scale of the low frequency discharge current oscillation. The time delay of the oscillation in different axial positions is related to the propagation of plasma density along the axial direction. The oscillation of Xe+ has the same frequency as the low frequency discharge current oscillation, but the oscillation of Xe2+ or a high-valence ion is more complex and scattered due to their instability in the ionization process. It is therefore concluded that the low frequency oscillation of plasma parameters in the plume is strongly related to the low frequency discharge current oscillation and the ionization process of a neutral atom.


Sixty years after the promulgation of the German constitution, which from the beginning was distinguished by its "visionary openness towards Europe," the German Federal Constitutional Court reassessed the historic process of European integration. It reviewed the compatibility of the legal foundations of the European Union with the German Basic Law and provided a thorough overview. The Treaty of Lisbon and its sweeping, integrating reform of the European Union is compatible with the Basic Law, the Court's Second Senate ruled, so long as it is applied within the framework outlined by the Federal Constitutional Court. However, the Court found that the German implementation law is not consistent with the Basic Law. Accordingly, the Court made clear that Germany can continue with the ratification of the treaty only after introducing a new implementation law. The 147-page decision could be summarised in the following way: The European Union is an association of sovereign states and, hence, a secondary political area.


Estimation of distribution algorithms (EDAs) is a subset of evolutionary algorithms widely used in various optimization problems, known for their favorable results. Each generation of EDAs builds a probabilistic model to represent the most promising individuals, and the next generation is created by sampling from this model. The primary challenge in designing such algorithms lies in effectively constructing the probabilistic model. The mutual exclusivity constraint imposes an additional challenge for EDAs to approach permutation-based problems. In this study, we propose a new EDA called Position-Guided Sampling Estimation of Distribution Algorithm (PGS-EDA) specifically designed for permutation-based problems. Unlike conventional approaches, our algorithm focuses on the positions rather than the elements during the sampling phase. We evaluate the performance of our algorithm on the Permutation Flow-shop Scheduling Problem (PFSP). The experiments conducted on various sizes of Taillard instances provide evidence of the effectiveness of our algorithm in addressing the PFSP, particularly for small and medium-sized problems. The comparison results with other EDAs designed to handle permutation problems demonstrate that our PSG-EDA algorithm consistently achieves the lowest Average Relative Percentage Deviation (ARPD) values in 19 out of the 30 instances of sizes 20 and 50 used in the study. These findings validate the superior performance of our algorithm in terms of minimizing the makespan criterion of the PFSP.


Kappa coefficient is very important in clinical research when there is a requirement of inter-agreement among physicians who measure clinical data. It is too complicated to calculate traditional Kappa formula in huge data because of many arithmetic operations for determining probability of observed agreement and probability of chance agreement. Therefore, this research proposes a fast computational formula for Kappa coefficient based on comments about probability of observed agreement and probability of chance agreement. These comments lead to the method to save time cost when calculating Kappa coefficient and to reduce the number of arithmetic operations at least. Finally, such fast formula is applied into the gestational data measured in real world so as to evaluate its strong point.


Fanconi anemia (FA) is a rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by progressive bone marrow failure, congenital anomalies, and predisposition to cancer. At least 8 complementation groups for FA are known (A, B, C, D1, D2, E, F, G), and 7 FA genes have been cloned. FA cells are highly


symptoms which prevented him from returning to work, and caused the Claimant to undergo further investigations and treatment for his urinary symptoms, including medical management of his symptoms, intermittent catheterization, two cystourethroscopies, one flexible cystoscopy and a TURP. The expert oncologist concurred with the views of the urologist in relation to the delay in diagnosis of the prostate cancer.


Reducing overfeeding of CP and phosphorus (P) is an effective method to reduce excess nutrient excretion by dairy cows. However market conditions frequently cause ingredients that are counterproductive to this goal to be the most economically attractive source of protein and energy. Less expensive feeds such as dried distillers grains and corn gluten feed are high in P or high in both CP and P. A linear program (Formulate2, Central Valley Nutritional Associates, Visalia, CA) was used to determine the effect of formulating rations for


Preface Introduction The End of Respect? Anti-Social Behaviour: The Political Landscape Anti-Social Behaviour: The Historical Landscape Anti-Social Behaviour and Social Housing ASBOs in Practice ASBOs and the Targeting of Undesirable Persons Reflections on ASBOs as Social Aegis


The terrestrial or close range photogrammetry at low cost is a hig potential tool for the measuring of heritage elements in the rural traditional architecture. Its a quick technique, easy to use, which involves low cost and gives us enough accuracy for this goal. The terrestrial photogrammetry at low cost is a great potential tool for the measuring of rural constructions. The measuring of traditional architectonic elements in the rural environment has a range of characteristic complexities. Generally, its location complicates the measurin with photogrammetry owing to the obstacles existence, which makes difficult the vision of the object. For this and some others matters it proves to be very useful to have available tools that let us improve the 3-D model quality of the construction created by means of architectonic photographic techniques at low cost. Not all the photogrammetry architectonic equipments at low-cost are equally accurate. According to the components theyre made up of, they will give one accuracy or another. Its interesting to know their performance in real working conditions in the country. We have designed a statistical process to evaluate the behaviour of the different photogrammetry architectural equipments alt low cost in real working conditions in the country. The developed method was applied to a study about a traditional rural construction that represents the difficulties we find in the countryside when we use photogrammetric techniques. The measuring of this construction was carried through by means of different architectural photogrammetry equipments al low cost.


A sensor arrangement for sensing movement gestures on a motor vehicle with a capacitive sensor arrangement (2, 3) and at least one control and evaluation device (5) which is coupled to the sensor arrangement and which senses a change in the capacitance of the sensor arrangement with respect to a reference potential. A user can use a part of his body, for example his foot, to make a gesture in the sensing range of the sensors, which gesture triggers activation, for example the opening, of the tailgate. At least two sensor electrode arrangements (2, 3) are arranged at spatially offset positions on the motor vehicle, wherein the sensor electrodes (2, 3) are embodied as elongate electrode arrangements and are arranged with the same spatial orientation. One (3) of the sensor electrode arrangements is embodied with a larger longitudinal dimension than the other (2) sensor electrode arrangement, and the relatively long sensor electrode arrangement (3) extends beyond the relatively short sensor electrode arrangement (2) on both sides in the longitudinal direction.


Robert F. Hébert was the eighteenth president of the History of Economics Society, from 1991 to 1992. He studied at Louisiana State University at Baton Rouge from his undergraduate degree (completed in 1965) to his PhD (obtained in 1970). During his academic career he taught economics in the US at Clemson University (South Carolina, 1970 to 1974), Auburn University (Alabama, 1974 to 2000), and the University of Louisiana at Lafayette (2000 to 2005); and in France at Université de Paris 1 (Sorbonne, 1995) and at the University of Caen (2004). Currently Professor Hébert is Russell Foundation Professor of Economics (Emeritus Professor of Entrepreneurial Studies) at Auburn University, and he resides in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. This interview was done in writing from November 6 to December 18, 2019.


Magnetic fluctuations in a non-magnetized gaseous plasma is revisited and calculated without approximations, based on the fluctuation-dissipation theorem. It is argued that the present results are qualitative and quantitative different form previous one based on the same theorem. In particular, it is shown that it is not correct that the spectral intensity does not vary sensitively with $k_{cut}$. Also the simultaneous dependence of this intensity on the plasma and on the collisional frequencies are discussed.


Grandma Hippo comes for a visit to the delight of the family. This humorous illustrated story with rhythmic and repetitive text encourages parents and the very young to share the pleasure of reading and being read to.


What is the central question of this study? Is the oestrous cycle affected during disuse atrophies and, if so, how are oestrous cycle changes related to musculoskeletal outcomes? What is the main finding and its importance? Rodent oestrous cycles were altered during disuse atrophy, which was correlated with musculoskeletal outcomes. However, the oestrous cycle did not appear to be changed by Lewis lung carcinoma, which resulted in no differences in muscle size in comparison to healthy control animals. These findings suggest a relationship between the oestrous cycle and muscle size during atrophic pathologies.


A syllabus provides a focus for what to be studied and how the contents should be selected and sequenced. In Malaysia, the syllabus has an additional role that is to guide the textbook writers in producing textbooks for school use. The English Language Programmes for Malaysian secondary schools provide more than one textbook for every academic level.  These textbooks must comply with the syllabus in order to achieve the same learning objectives at the end of each programme. There will also be public examinations at the end of Form Three and Form Five. Two Form 2 textbooks were chosen and WordSmith 3.0 was used to analyse these textbooks to identify whether the textbooks were similar and had included all the contents listed in the syllabus. The findings show that one of the textbooks is relatively better that the other in terms of types, distribution of words, presentation of items in the syllabus and repetition of new linguistic items throughout the textbook. This reveals that ad hoc writing of textbooks by different writers for a similar level can lead to irregularities, the most severe problem being non-conformity to syllabus requirements. Keywords: distribution of words, presentation of items, repetition of  new linguistics  items,  textbooks, Wordsmith 3.0, syllabus requirements


Dr Richard Duffey seeks to answer this question by comparing the results of femtosecond LASIK flaps with those of the mechanical microkeratome.


In the past over 2500 years, it is divided into Good Climatic Condition (GCC) and Bad Climatic Condition (BCC) with sunspot cycle length (SCL) data. The result shows that drought in BCC is obviously more than it in GGT. GGT is corresponding warm (cold) on climate. At last, the paper gave a chain reaction of climate change influenced by solar activity.


Bimolecular recombination of charges is one of major loss processes, which would limit a fill factor (FF) in polymer solar cells, especially with thick active layers. The thick active layer is favorable for harvesting many more photons in the solar light, but is unfavorable for collecting charge carriers to each electrode. Rather, bimolecular recombination is dominant and hence lowers FF. Recently, several polymer solar cells have been reported to exhibit high FFs even with a thick active layer. In this study, we have discussed FF in crystalline polymer solar cells on the basis of bimolecular recombination parameters such as charge carrier lifetime (τn) and charge carrier density (n), which were measured by transient photovoltage (TPV) and transient photocurrent (TPC). Figure 2 shows J–V characteristics of polymer solar cells employed in this study. As shown in the figure, polymer solar cells based on naphtho[1,2-c:5,6-c']bis[1,2,5]thiadiazole (NTz)-based highly crystalline polymers and a C70 fullerene derivative (PC71BM) exhibit relatively high FF of 0.72 (PNTz4T) and 0.65 (PNTz4TF2) even with a thick active layer of 270 nm (PNTz4T) and 230 nm (PNTz4TF2). On the other hand, polymer solar cells based on a PSBTBT crystalline polymer and PC71BM exhibit a lower FF of 0.54 even with a thin active layer (~90 nm). Photocurrent density J(V) at a voltage V is given by J(V) = JGEN(V) + JBR(n,V) where JGEN(V) is the charge generation current density and JBR(n,V) is the bimolecular recombination current density. Here, JGEN(V) is assumed to be equal to short-circuit current density (JSC) independently of applied voltages. On the other hand, JBR(n,V) can be expressed as – qLn/τn where q is elementary charge and L is the thickness of the active layer. For PNTz4T/PCBM and PNTz4TF2/PCBM, as shown in the figure, J–V characteristics measured were well reproduced by this equation with bimolecular recombination parameters, indicating that FF is limited mainly by the bimolecular recombination. Indeed, the bimolecular recombination was effectively suppressed in these blends, resulting in high FF and PCE. For PSBTBT/PCBM, on the other hand, FF was as low as 0.54 even though the bimolecular recombination was effectively suppressed. Interestingly, J–V characteristics were reproduced only when a bias-dependent loss component was considered. This component would originate from a bias-dependent loss process in charge generation or charge collection.


Event recognition becomes increasingly important and attracts growing interest from both academia and industry. It can provide awareness on possible threats and incidents such as acts of terrorism, illegal immigration, violence in crowded areas, and so on. It is essential to prepare and produce real-time and effective responses. However, it still faces great challenges when it comes to complex events that include more than one object/person. In this work, we target the problem of complex event recognition in visual surveillance by utilizing Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS). Our approach is to detect and recognize relationship between events and object by determine set of predicates. We apply Markov Logic Network (MLN) to available online datasets to perform probabilistic inference for achieving this goal through grouping people together, who are doing same activities, and to recognize what these activities are. The performance of our approach is demonstrated on a number of existing videos obtained from UCLA that monitored wide spatial areas taking by flying UAS that contain complex relation between objects and activities.


Japanese fashion is one of the cultural products from Japan that is consumed a most favorable way in Thailand. Young Thai women purchase and use Japanese brands of clothing and cosmetics favorably, and the consumption phenomenon is conspicuous in daily life. In this article, the Japanese fashion or kawaii fashion which is rigorously consumed in Thailand, particularly by teenagers and those in their twenties, is investigated. The article attempts to illustrate the popularity of kawaii fashion from Japan by examining a role of Japanese magazines for young women, translated and published in Thailand. It also investigates the reasons for popularity of Japanese "sailor-style" uniforms in private schools in Thailand to analyze the factors underlying popularity of kawaii fashion in Thailand. With ethnographies, interviews and published data, this article examines why and how young women in Thailand consume Japanese fashion.


Objective
To explore the related mechanism of clinical nurses' career growth from three aspects such as organization, family and oneself.

Methods
Totally 480 clinical registered nurses from eight tertiary first-class hospitals of Tianjin City were investigated with the Proactive Personality Scale, Psychological Safety Climate Scale, Work-Family Support Scale, Career Growth Scale by convenient sampling method.

Results
Latent interaction structural equation modeling (SEM) showed that family support and work support both had a positive effect on career growth, whose path coefficient were 0.42 and 0.26 respectively, P 0.05. Hierarchical regression analyses showed that proactive personality had a negative effect on the relationship of work support and career growth whose regression coefficient was -0.148, P<0.01, and psychological safety climate had a positive effect on the relationship of work support and career growth whose regression coefficient was 0.178, P<0.05.

Conclusions
In order to promote clinical nurses' career growth, the construction of nurse team and improve quality of nursing, hospital and nurse managers should construct a favorable work atmosphere, provide more support, attach importance to the effect of individual personality on career growth and help nurse deal with work and family well.

Key words:
Nurses; Career growth; Relevant mechanism


Recent years, Android malware which execute malicious attacks within the scope of permissions which was approved by user is increasing. Generally it is installed by user. Therefore user can avoid being infected with obvious malware by checking permissions which application requires. However many users install applications without checking permissions and get infected. Such Android malware have various kinds of threats, so user need to protect his assets by himself. In this paper we propose an educational method to improve user's security literacy by having experience of pseudo malware's behavior and recognize threats, risks, assets and relations between permissions and adverse actions.


Between the arrival of Robert Morrison in 1807, the first Protestant missionary to China, and the expulsion of Western missionaries in the early 1950s, one important area of missionary work for Chinese women was the establishment of schools at the primary, secondary and university levels. This educational work afforded girls and young women opportunities for advancement not provided under the existing patriarchal society. This article focuses on the development of the American Presbyterian primary and secondary education for girls in the rural area of Weixian in Shandong province. The Presbyterian station in Weixian played a leading role in establishing primary and secondary schools for girls throughout its mission field. .Although the missionaries began with a conservative agenda of creating good Christian households at the time, the local population eventually embraced the schools. These girls' schools not only trained female students to become professional teachers but also enlightened and empowered them in the local cultural sphere. This collection of historical and contemporary accounts of minority formation debunks popular misconceptions about China's highly centralized state and seemingly homogeneous society. Drawing on archival research, interviews, and field work, it documents how state and citizens meet in a politics of minority recognition and highlights China's growing awareness of rights.


Values of absorption constant covering the range 1 cm−1 to 104 cm−1 have been derived from transmission measurements made on single‐crystal gallium arsenide. The absorption edge is very steep up to ∼4000 cm−1, where there is a knee beyond which the absorption increases relatively slowly with photon energy. The energy bands have been calculated using Kane's theory. From these a theoretical absorption curve has been obtained which shows very good agreement with the experimental data.Using semi‐insulating material, it has been possible to measure the shift of the edge with applied electric field. The effect is small (∼200‐μ ev shift for 5000‐v/cm field) but is in good agreement with theory.


The Zener relaxation was studied in Cu-Al single crystals. All samples were cut with the same orientation and the Al concentrations were ranged between 3 and 19 at. % Al ( solid solution ). For low temperature experiments ( < 550°K ), perfect Debye peaks are observed in all samples and the relaxation strength is proportional to the concentration square according with the pair reorientation Zener theory. At higher temperatures and for samples with higher Al concentration only, the internal friction peaks are broader. In the same time, the relaxation strength first increases and then decreases with the measurement temperature according to the short-range ordering LeClaire-Lomer theory with respectively the influence of only neighbouring and more distant atoms.


The Lower Orange River Forum (LORF) is a working example of how citizens are working together with government and nongovernment organisations to protect South Africa's valuable water resources.


(ProQuest: ... denotes formulae omitted.)Management experts, customer satisfaction is considered as the most important management responsibilities and the need for consistent and stable top management commitment to customer satisfaction precondition for success is to have an account. The Organization Image of the customers, also reveals the strengths and weaknesses of an organization, paves the way for the adoption of appropriate strategies and provides functional improvement (Seyed, Javadin, & Yazdani, 2005). Due to the fact that customer loyalty depends on their satisfaction with the service organization and also Interests of the organization is directly linked with the interests of customers, high quality services perhaps the only difference between organizations, this level of quality service, it is a way to achieve success in modern service industries (Avamasankar et al., 2010).Hospitals also can be used as plant services, administrative agencies, hotels, restaurants, agencies, medical care, social services and so described. This hospital complex has attracted the attention of social sciences. In this study, Lorber and colleagues (2012) found thatjob satisfaction among nurse managers was significantly higher compared to other jobs. Study Rolio et al. (2012) about 226 midwives in Senegal showed the most dissatisfaction related to the aspects of the workplace. Survey results show that in 2012 the average job satisfaction is average in eight European countries (score 6.6 out of 10), Among the most job satisfaction and job satisfaction in the Netherlands and Belgium and lowest in the UK and France. More information in the table below:In this study, Esgyd and colleagues (2014) experience of staff, age, type of institution, sex and unit nurses significantly correlated with job satisfaction. Danesh Kohan and colleagues (1388) reviewed the employees'job satisfaction Health Network was Azna city. Showed that the overall average satisfaction score of 5 was 90/2 network staff shows that the mean level ofjob satisfaction. Showed that the overall average satisfaction score workers. 90.2, Of 5. Shows that the mean level ofjob satisfaction. The lowest satisfaction related to the areas of salary and benefits fair With average 1.97, And training and career development was mean 2.58. Professor Lotfi and Zadeh fuzzy theory proposed in (1965). The theory of time so far, broaden and deepen large and has found applications in various fields. Or fuzzy logic that it is logic inaccurate interpretation, Operations research is part of a rare debate in which qualitative and quantitative data conversion is performed in a new way (Momeni, 2006) Fuzzy number with a triangular membership function which is used in this article to fuzzy assessments, /»?(x), Since staff of qualitative criteria to assess some of the comments and judgments used as well, There is no value to qualitative criteria, their assessment is carried out linguistic values and, therefore, consistent with similar studies of triangular fuzzy numbers to represent the linguistic variables used (Ertugrul & Karakacoglu, 2007) along with corresponding linguistic values with that in table 1. In this article and the weighting of criteria to help Yrmyarha been validated questionnaire and definitive numbers.Fuzzy hierarchical TOPSIS in literature, one of the most well-known methods that are widely used for solving multi-criteria decision method based on fuzzy analytic hierarchy process. This method of research and articles have been used to rank and select, for example, in a study entitled "Using fuzzy AHP staff selection" of this method is used. ((Gungor, Serhadloglu, & Kesen, 2009). One of these models is the Fuzzy TOPSIS for the first time in 1992, it gave Chen et al. (Chen, Hwang, & Hwang, 1992). In this model, weighing and defined decision matrix for fuzzy numbers And like classic TOPSIS based on the ideal of positive and negative ranks. In research (Ertugrul & Karakacoglu, 2007; Kelemenis & Askounis, 2010) of this method has been used. …


In this paper, we study trust-related human factors in supervisory control of swarm robots with varied levels of autonomy (LOA) in a target foraging task. We compare three LOAs: manual, mixed-initiative (MI), and fully autonomous LOA. In the manual LOA, the human operator chooses headings for a flocking swarm, issuing new headings as needed. In the fully autonomous LOA, the swarm is redirected automatically by changing headings using a search algorithm. In the mixed-initiative LOA, if performance declines, control is switched from human to swarm or swarm to human. The result of this work extends the current knowledge on human factors in swarm supervisory control. Specifically, the finding that the relationship between trust and performance improved for passively monitoring operators (i.e., improved situation awareness in higher LOAs) is particularly novel in its contradiction of earlier work. We also discover that operators switch the degree of autonomy when their trust in the swarm system is low. Last, our analysis shows that operator's preference for a lower LOA is confirmed for a new domain of swarm control.


The basic concepts of use and image introduced by Romo Mangun became the basis for harmonization in architecture that collaborated contextually with gatra elements. The phenomenon that occurs at this time is that many architectures are oriented to the image aspect, one of which is the emergence of thematic villages that have been transformed into tourist areas. It's like an oasis in the hustle and bustle of city life. The beautification carried out focuses on the physical aspect (image), the local character of the urban village is removed. Colorful thematic village in Malang City, the image aspect is more highlighted, while the use aspect is still questionable. The new facilities that have sprung up seem to eliminate the character of the urban village which is synonymous with heterogeneity. In this study, attempts to explore colorful villages with an image and use approach, because the village is identical with various kinds of problems that can be solved by architecture. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative method. It is hoped that this research will be able to provide an illustration that in architecture it is not only emphasized on the image aspect but also with the use aspect.


Journal of the Musical Arts in Africa is co-published by NISC (Pty) Ltd and Informa UK Limited (trading as Taylor & Francis Group) Van Wyk, Arnold (2020). The Mature Piano Music. Stellenbosch, South Africa. AOI Edition. AOI CD 04. Daniel-Ben Pienaar, piano. Philip Hobbs, sound engineer. Recorded 15–16 February 2018. Compact Disc ZAR150.00, available from Africa Open Institute <https://aoinstitute.ac.za/>.


BACKGROUND/AIMS
The mortality rate of pyogenic liver abscess (PLA) has decreased dramatically, but it remains a potentially life threatening disease. Most cases are cryptogenic or occur in elderly men with underlying biliary tract disease. Although several studies have addressed the characteristics and etiology of PLA, research on factors affecting PLA-associated mortality is lacking. This study intended to identify the clinical and radiological features, pathogens, complications, and predictors of mortality in Korean PLA patients.

METHODS
The medical records of 231 PLA patients diagnosed at Yeungnam University Medical Center between January 2010 and January 2014 were analyzed. A diagnosis of PLA was made based on imaging studies and blood and abscess cultures. The clinical, radiological, and laboratory findings of patients were analyzed.

RESULTS
The mean patient age was 64.0±12.9 years and the male to female ratio was 1.5:1. Klebsiella pneumoniae was the predominant organism isolated from hepatic abscesses (69.9%) and blood (74.2%). The most common complication was pleural effusion (35.8%) and most common co-infection was cholangitis (8.2%). The overa ll mortality rate of PLA was 6.9% (16/231), and was significantly higher in patients with a history of liver abscess (OR 5.970, 95% CI 1.207-29.529; p=0.028), bilirubinemia (>2 mg/dL) (OR 9.541, 95% CI 2.382-38.216; p=0.001), thrombocytopenia (< 140×10(3)/L) (OR 4.396, 95% CI 1.130-17.106; p=0.033), or anemia (< 12 g/dL) (OR 13.277, 95% CI 1.476-119.423; p=0.021).

CONCLUSIONS
The prognosis of PLA appears to be dependent on underlying pathologies and severity of condition. More aggressive treatment should be considered if a poor prognosis is expected.


Graduates from religion and theology programs cannot expect to be hired to teaching positions (tenure-track or adjunct) without prior teaching experience, as the current job market demands that candidates gain significant experience and training prior to graduation. Graduate programs must therefore augment their academic offerings to students with an education that prepares them for successful teaching careers. To that end, a number of universities across diverse fields have adopted intentional Graduate Teaching Assistant (GTA) programs to prepare future faculty for a profession of teaching.


Central obesity index (COI) is an indicator of central, abdominal obesity, which is the main characteristic of the metabolic syndrome. Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometric (DXA) assessment of the body fat distribution was performed through the COI values determined with a scan of the entire body in comparison to estimated COI values (eCOI) on spine and hip performed scans. COI was determined as a ratio of android (A) tissue percent fat (A-Tf%) and gynoid (G)-Tf% (COI=A/G-Tf%) as well as eCOI=eA/eG-Tf% in 3 groups of women: 1st group of women with Cushing's syndrome (CS) (n=14), 2nd group of obese (O) women (n=21), 3rd group of non obese healthy women (C) (n=22). The examinees were not different according to their age, which was 44.32±13.83 years in the 1st group, 43.33±12.58 years in the 2nd group and 42.56±14.67 years in the 3rd group, as well as according to their BMI, which was 30.02±5.02 kg/m2 in CS, 29.66±4.88 kg/m2 in O, but it was in normal range 21.76±1.43 kg/m2 in non obese control group of healthy women.The values of eA, eG and eA/еG were not significantly different compared to the correspondent values A-Tf%, G-Tf% and A/G-Tf% in all examined groups (p>0.05). The values of eA and A-Tf% in CS were significantly higher compared to O (P<0.05), as well as compared to C and O+C and in O compared to C (p<0.0001). COI value (1.05±0.15) and eCOI (1.04±0.1) in CS were significantly higher compared to O (p<0.006 and p<0.008) and highly significantly higher compared to C, O+C and in O compared to C (p<0.0001). Estimated values eA, eG and eA/eG correlated highly significantly positively with the correspondent values A-Tf%, G-Tf% and A/G-Tf% (p<0.0001) and COI values correlated highly significantly with eCOI, eA and A-Tf% (p<0.0001) and not significantly with G-Tf% and eG (p>0.05) in O confirming COI positive association with central, abdominal fat distribution.Conclusion: DXA indexes COI and eCOI discovered extreme central body fat distribution in CS women, differentiated them significantly and precisely from C and CO, and could be used as diagnostic DXA indexes of extreme central, abdominal obesity in CS and non CS abdominal obese women in DXA body composition and fat distribution assessment. Determination of eCOI is reliable, more practical and faster, with lower radiation and is more acceptable compared to COI, and it can be a routine screening procedure for body composition and body fat distribution assessment, during regular spine and hip scans for osteoporotic risk assessment instead of COI body fat distribution determination with total body composition measured scans which are used in scientific studies and are not necessary to be performed in clinical body fat distribution examinations.


: The friction pair, disc, and pad in a braking system are in a delicate balance, with the pad being a complex combination of constituents that provides predictable characteristics, including a known and consistent friction level. In this investigation, L25 orthogonal array with arranged control factors is used for the design of experiment. Taguchi design, orthogonal array, S/N ratio and variance analysis (ANOVA) are used to explore the effect of factors like applied load, sliding speed and track or interface diameter on wear rate of brake pad friction material. In dry sliding conditions, wear tests are performed on the pin‐on‐disc tribometer with different load values (25‐125 N), sliding speeds (300‐1500 rpm) and track diameter values (40‐120 mm). ANOVA results stated that applied load is the most effective with 48.27 %, track diameter is 25 % and sliding speed is 19.23 % on wear rate of pad friction material. In order to obtain the minimum friction material wear rate, the optimum operating parameters have been identified as applied load is 25 N, sliding speed 1500 rpm and track diameter 60 mm. The computed and experimental values for pad material wear rate are adhere closer to 1.93 % of deviations only.


The engineering applications of plastics are strongly connected to the different tribological systems, where the machine parts are subjected to friction and wear processes. The design for lifetime of metals in tribological systems has not solved yet, even less known for engineering plastics. The test evaluation and concluding process are rather difficult taking the specific behaviour and features of the polymers into consideration. Due to this point we have been carrying out a wide-ranged tribo-testing with large-scale and small-scale plastic specimens. Based on the obtained results seeking the correlation between the two main systems we try to conclude more general principles. This paper gives a short view about the small-scale experiments. We have done measurements with plastics like POM-H; PETP/PTFE; POLYAMIDES. This was a linear friction-sliding measurement of cylindrical specimens against a metal plate. Measurement was made at 100 N and 200 N load and in two surfaces categories.


This chapter focuses on our theoretical positioning and identifies key concepts and experiences which influenced and shaped our understandings of what multiliterate communicative competence might mean at Wadestown Kindergarten. We discuss the theoretical ideas that helped form and support our opinions and that greatly contributed to our interpretations and analysis of data. We then look at one child's approach to communication and meaning making and how this further shaped our thinking.


Summary. Iron metabolism in the rat has been examined by chemical and isotopic measurements. Iron stores were larger in the female than the male, but in neither sex did stores play a dominant role in meeting increased iron needs. A nearly two‐fold higher plasma iron turnover in growing rats as compared with adult animals was accounted for largely by growth requirements. In both sexes and in both young and adult rats, the erythroid marrow assimilated more than two‐thirds of the plasma iron turnover. The source and distribution of transferrin iron was assessed in relation to the erythroid marrow, gastrointestinal tract, hepatic parenchyma and remaining body tissues. Absorption from the gastrointestinal tract provided about one‐third of the iron entering the plasma in adult rats and more than half in growing or phlebotomized rats. Iron absorption was closely related to the erythroid marrow requirements, but did not correlate with either the plasma iron level or tissue iron stores. The rat depends on dietary iron rather than iron stores to meet increased requirements and shows a much greater capacity to absorb iron than does man.


This work focuses on reducing neural network size, which is a major driver of neural network execution time, power consumption, bandwidth, and memory footprint. A key challenge is to reduce size in a manner that can be exploited readily for efficient training and inference without the need for specialized hardware. We propose Self-Compression: a simple, gen-eral method that simultaneously achieves two goals: (1) re- moving redundant weights


For semisimple, commutative Banach algebras A and B, some Banach algebra properties of the Cartesin product A ◊ B are characterized in terms of A and B. A couple of results are also proved for non-commutative Banach algebras.


Objective To study the elderly with chronic diseases,Futian District,drug compliance factor.Methods Designed for elderly patients with chronic medication adherence questionnaire in 244 elderly patients with chronic diseases investigation.Results Showed that 2 or older hospitalized with chronic diseases,home drug compliance was improved significantly affect compliance with the condition feel better,for economic reasons,lack of family support and knowledge about the disease,medication side effects and so on.Conclusion The elderly with chronic diseases to improve medication compliance must start over from the humanities.


In a novel pandemic, health care leaders are tasked with designing and implementing Crisis Standards of Care protocols to guide clinicians in the event that a surge of cases outpaces the supply of critical care resources. Leaders need to actively engage communities who will be impacted by these protocols, with particular attention to vulnerable groups, including racial and ethnic minorities, and those with disabilities.


Unlike liver and lung, the stomach is rarely a metastatic location for cancers. We report a case of a 62-year-old man known to have lung adenocarcinoma poorly differentiated presented with melena 1 month after diagnosis. Upper endoscopy revealed an ulcerated tumor in the prepyloric antrum. The diagnosis of gastric metastasis from pulmonary cancer was confirmed by the immunohistochemical staining for the thyroid transcriptional factor-1 and the pattern cytokeratine CK7+/CK20-. In conclusion, gastric metastasis from primary lung cancer is a rare phenomenon that every clinician must keep in mind.


The purpose of this course is to study the impact of globalization on the Information Technology (IT) industry and individual employees who power IT companies. Specifically, this course will examine the factors that have formed today's IT landscape in order to provide tomorrow's professionals the background they will need to be competitive in the workforce. Students will examine the IT industry of China specifically, and will learn about the necessity of building a IT projects with a global perspective and the opportunities that exist to study, work, and live in a global context.


Hydrogen absorption properties and the corrosion characteristics of three LaCo4.8M0.2 alloys (where M ≡ antimony, magnesium or bismuth) have been investigated using electrochemical techniques. Absorption of hydrogen and corrosion behaviour of LaCo4.8M0.2 alloys have been compared with LaCo5 intermetallic compound. Typical potentiokinetic polarisation curves in 6 M potassium hydroxide solution showed that modification of LaCo5 by partial substitution of antimony, magnesium or bismuth for cobalt resulted in lower anodic currents in the passive range. The substitution does not significantly affect the shape of potentiokinetic polarisation curves in 0.5 M sulphate solutions for pH 2 and 7. Partial substitution of cobalt with bismuth in LaCo5 alloy increases the effectiveness of absorption of cathodically evolved hydrogen in strong alkaline solutions.


The present invention relates to a premix dry binder comprising, in weight proportions of: - Portland cement clinker having a Blaine specific surface area of 4500-9500 cm / g, preferably in the range of 5500-8000 cm / g, the minimum amount said clinker in mass percentage relative to the total weight of the premix is determined by formula (I): wherein SSB is the Blaine specific surface of the clinker expressed in cm / g; - fly ash and / or pozzolan; - at least one alkali metal salt, the amount of alkali salt being such that the amount of Na O equivalent in the premix is greater than or equal to 5% by mass percentage based on the weight of fly ash. - at least one source SO, in an amount such that the amount of SO in the premix is greater than or equal to 2% in mass percentage relative to the mass Portland clinker; the amount of clinker + the amount of fly ash and / or pozzolans being greater than or equal to 75%, preferably 78%, in mass percentage relative to the total weight of the premix; the total amount of clinker in the premix being strictly less than 60% by mass percentage to the total mass of the premix. The invention also relates to a dry binder mixture obtained by mixing of the previous premix with aggregate, and a wet concrete composition obtained by mixing with water.


In this thesis reference and study is made concerning the impact of lightning strikes in low voltage systems and the ways in which humans can protect such structures. After the presentation of the basic parameters of lightning and its consequences on structures, a lightning protection system model was studied and designed (for an actual house in Achaia). After been subjected to lightning current through emulation, observation of its behavior is made, and conclusion to the safety levels. Its purpose is to prevent damage due to lightning strikes. The emulation was made according to the international regulations and standards. Using the simulation software EMTP - ATP, we studied the transient behavior of two different grounding systems, to determine whether they are effective or not.
Chapter 1 describes the natural phenomena of lightning, the categories, the mechanism of atmospheric discharges and natural features.
Chapter 2 deals with the bad consequences caused by lightning strikes to structures, nature and man.
Chapter 3 presents the methods of construction of lightning protection. Fully analyzed and described the study and selection process of the lightning protection system. It then gives a detailed design of the external lightning protection system of a structure in compliance with the regulations.
Chapter 4 presents the study brick and mortar construction and detail the individual parts of the lightning protection system that we designed.
Chapter 5 suggests several ways of modeling the system and the dominant, the one that we preferred in this thesis, is presented. Then there is the calculation of the grounding circuit elements, the collection system and conductors. After the calculation of these parameters, an equivalent circuit of the installation is designed and they are imported into the simulation software ATP.
In Chapter 6 we impose the lightning current in the circuit and observe the dynamic behavior of the discharge points and adjacent nodes. Then follows the presentation of the results in forms of graphs and concentrated tables. In the end, remarks and conclusions are made.


This paper provides a numerical analysis on precipitation and particulate fouling in a corrugated plate heat exchanger. This analysis started from the mass balance fouling model, and Realizable κ-e model with non-equilibrium wall functions is used in the 3D numerical simulation considering the realistic geometries of the flow channel to obtained Nusselt number and wall shear stress, while Von-Karman analogy is used to obtain mass transfer coefficient. The numerical analysis is verified by experimental study. The predicted influence of fluid velocity in fouling resistance is compatible with experimental data that it can help to optimize the design of plate heat exchangers. The investigation significantly simplifies the fouling analysis of complex flow fields and can be used to assess the fouling potential of corrugated plate heat exchangers.Copyright © 2013 by ASME


Research to answer the question of why pemekaran in Luwu Raya is so complex. The study was conducted in Luwu Raya, South Sulawesi Province. Using qualitative methods with data collection techniques in the form of observation and in-depth interviews. Then analyze the data by elaborating on the results of interviews and secondary data in the form of official government reports (BPS). The results showed that the dynamics and complexity of pemekaran took place in Luwu due to the tug-of-war of the local political elite. Elite tug-of-war takes place in a very open arena, involving various local elites, including political elites and bureaucratic elites. The tug-of-war of the local elite finally makes the agenda of pemekaran that has been normatively determined to be absent from its proper schedule. Field findings also confirm that the division is not only constrained in technical terms. As much is seen from an administrative perspective, but in a political perspective there is something more than that. The author sees it as a matter of local politics. Therefore, the main argument in this study is that the tug-of-war between local political elites is the main cause of the mandate of the pemekaran process that took place in Luwu Raya.


[First paragraph]Drug policy in the Caribbean region provides a testing ground for one of the key themes in the social sciences over recent years, the relationship of knowledge and power. Acting as intermediary between northern donors and the microstates of the region, the organization - United Nations International Control Programme (UNDCP) - applies the models framed by northern expertise even when local experience suggests they are inappropriate. Instead of adapting, in the light of new evidence, the organization mobilizes its resources on stifling dissent.


Many African American and Hispanic children are classified as mildly disabled. Although this makes special education services available to these and other children who need them, contention endures as to whether disability classification also is racially (and ethnically) biased. The authors view disability classification as status competition, in which minorities are overrepresented in low-status categories such as intellectual disability and emotional disturbance, and whites are overrepresented in high-status categories such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and autism. The authors address the racialized construction and evolution of the mild disability classification system along with mechanisms that perpetuate racial segmentation in contemporary classification. They analyze a large federal longitudinal data set (1998–2007) to examine racialization and find that classification continues to operate at least in part as a racial sorting scheme. Implications for research and policy are discussed.


A new species of the ampharetid genus Pseudoamphicteis, P. sinensis sp. nov., is described based on material deposited in the Marine Biological Museum of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Qingdao). The new species is widely distributed from depths of 7-103 m in the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea. It is distinguished from the only other known species of this genus Pseudoamphicteis papillosa Hutchings, 1977 by its grooved branchiae. The genus has not previously been reported from China.


A study was made of the energy characteristics of a high-pressure electron-beam-controlled laser utilizing an Ar-Xe mixture and emitting at 1.73μ. A laser with an active volume of 10 liters was capable of delivering an output energy of 30J when pumped with an electron beam and 80J when subjected to electron-beam-controlled pumping. When the average density of the electron beam current was 50μA/cm2, pulse-periodic operation of the laser was possible and the average power was then 0.5–1 W/cm3 with the efficiency at the level of 1.5–3%.


THYROGLOSSAL DUCT CYST OLD AND NEW SURGICAL APPROACH (Abstract): The thyroglossal duct cyst (TDC) results from a failure in obliterating the embryogenic duct produced during thyroid migration and it represents the most common type of developmental cyst encountered in the neck region. Material and methods: In the First Surgical Clinic from "Sf. Spiridon" County Clinical Emergency Hospital Iasi, Iasi, between 1998 to 2021, 21 patients with thyroglossal duct cyst were diagnosed and treated. All medical records were reviewed. Results: The thyroglossal duct cysts are located as midline cysts of the neck in all cases. The mean age was 39.2 years (13-66 years). The treatment performed was a variant of Sistrunk's procedure in which the thyroglossal tract was excised to a variable extent, with central hyoidectomy. The size of the cyst ranged from 1.2 to 4 cm (mean 2.6 cm). Postoper ative course was uneventful in all cases. No recurrence was recorded in this series. We d escribe a case, a 42 years old women, with asymptomatic mass in the anterior part of the neck found a 6 months before, when the patient was referred us with lithiasic obstructive jaundice (we performed ERCP + laparoscopic cholecystectomy). The treatment performed was a var iant of Sistrunk's procedure in which the thyroglossal tract was excised by minimally invasive video-assisted approach, variation of Miccoli's technique. Postoperative course was uneventful. The follow-up 1 and 2 years no recorded recurrence and thyroid scintigraphy was normal. Conclusions: The standard surgical approach to TDC is Sistrunk's operation with low recurrence rates. Although the results and the operative time are the same as in trad itional surgery, minimally invasive video-assisted approach has better cosmetic result and a less painful course.


The Thai spoken in Vietnam comprises a large number of dialects and uses several systems of writing which can be classified into three sets: (I) the Black Tay, the White Tay and the Tay Deng: (2) the Tay Yo and (3) the Lai Pao. Their common origin allows an historical and comparative study which sets up the correspondence between the written symbols with the phonemes of proto-Thai, the only way to understand the development of these writing systems and the connections between the written forms and their sounds. The loans and the phonetic changes have led to the invention, the deletion and the transfer of the phonetic values for these graphie symbols.


Six cases are presented in which tuberculosis (TB) was wrongly diagnosed. The patients were all Blacks from areas of high TB prevalence, and treatment for presumed TB was instituted without bacteriological confirmation. There were delays of up to 2 years before the correct diagnosis was made, involving much morbidity and unnecessary treatment. There was one potentially preventable death.


As one in a series of papers examining the application of scientist-practitioner training in different contexts, an early-career master's-level counsellor educator describes how his training has positively influenced his professional work. Specifically addressed are his work setting, his own individual training experiences, how his training affects what he does, and challenges he faces. Observations on the status of the scientist-practitioner model in his context are shared, with the broad applicability of the model highlighted as a major strength. *This paper is based on a symposium paper entitled "Collaboration of science and practice in a master's-level program," presented at the 112th Annual Meeting of the American Psychological Association, Honolulu, Hawaii.


This paper analyzes the importance of children's reading promotion service of public library,and taking Xiamen Library as an example,probes into the effective ways and practical effects of carrying out children's reading promotion service of public library.


What does the future hold for Big Data? The author states that it could be the same qualitatively, just bigger and better, or there might be fundamentally disruptive forces that completely reshape the computing landscape. Trying to predict the future, of course, is a perilous exercise. At best, this article provides some deep insight on future developments in Big Data. At worst, it makes for an interesting cocktail conversation. Either way, it's worth the rumination.


Currently, the Internet provides a large number of services, e.g., e-commerce, file-sharing, and email, allowing people from all over the world to do business, exchange data, and communicate, respectively. A service that is gaining popularity is Voice-over-IP (VoIP) that allows people to communicate with each other via voice over the Internet without utilizing the plain old telephone service (POTS) – even though telephone lines may be used to carry the digital data. The perceived quality of this service greatly depends on the delay between capturing (subsequently, coding and transmission) of voice data and the playback (after reception and decoding) of the voice data. In this paper, we solely focus on the client-delay as we can not influence the delay caused by the Internet that carries the voice data. In this investigation, we are utilizing an FPGA platform that includes both a general-purpose processor (i.e., a PowerPC) with reconfigurable fabric surrounding it. First, we implemented VoIP in software. Second, we determined through profiling the most computationally intensive operation(s). The most time-consuming operations were found within the audio encoding and decoding, in particular, GSM en/decoding. In order to meet certain timing requirements, the coding accuracy was scaled back considerably resulting in a large degradation of the perceived audio quality. In order to improve the audio quality, we propose to implement these operations in the FPGA fabric surrounding the general-purpose processor. Keywords— client, codec, delay, FPGA, GSM, reconfigurable hardware, VoIP


It is with great sadness that the department of political science at the University of Guelph announces the passing of O.P. Dwivedi (January 20, 1937–January 29, 2013) after a courageous battle with cancer. Dr. Dwivedi was a much loved and respected professor in the department of political science, having served as chair of the department from 1979 to 1990. He was known internationally for his research and scholarship in the areas of public administration and environmental politics. Dr. Dwivedi retired from the university in 2003, but remained an active member of the department, teaching both undergraduate and graduate courses until this year when his illness precluded it.


A scalable-rate serial link - comprising of a bidirectional transmitter (TX)/receiver (RX) and two all-digital PLLs (ADPLLs) - operates at 1.2-5Gb/s from 0.55-0.7V DC supply with 1.4-2pJ/b total energy efficiency, respectively. Power efficiency is improved by avoiding the use of any analog circuitry, a low swing voltage-mode transmitter, and a direct data-sequencing blind oversampling (DDS-BOS) clock and data recovery (CDR). Using DDS in feed-forward BOS-CDR obviates area and power consuming FIFOs, improves jitter tolerance (JTOL), and permits up to 7500ppm frequency tolerance (FTOL) between the TX-RX clocks - rendering it attractive for fast-locking continuous/burst operation.


The Raman spectra of 9,10-anthraquinone (AQ) and 9,10-anthraquinone-d/sub 8/ are examined. Raman band assignments are made from this data and from a published normal coordinate analysis. The Raman spectra of AQ at 5K is reported and vibrational assignments for the phosphorescence spectra of AQ in n-hexane at 4.2 K are reexamined in light of new /sup 3/B/sub 1//sub g/ ..-->.. /sup 1/A/sub g/ phosphorescence data. Contrary to previous work from this laboratory, it is concluded that although higher order vibronic interactions may be operative between the two closely spaced /sup 3/A/sub u/-/sup 3/B/sub 1//sub g/ electronic states, these interactions are not manifested in the phosphorescence spectra of AQ in n-hexane at 4.2 K.


In German, ja can be used as a discourse particle to indicate that a proposition, according to the speaker, is believed by both the speaker and audience. We use this observation to create KoJaK, a distantly-labeled English dataset derived from Europarl for studying when a speaker believes a statement to be common ground. This corpus is then analyzed to identify lexical choices in English that correspond with German ja. Finally, we perform experiments on the dataset to predict if an English clause corresponds to a German clause containing ja and achieve an F-measure of 75.3% on a balanced test corpus.


A method is described which makes possible the recording of absolute atmospheric absorption spectra. The method is based on optical long path absorption spectroscopy and thus integrates the optical properties over a measurement path, typically one kilometer. Cancellation of instrument factors are achieved by ratioing spectra from two nearly collinear paths of different length recorded close in time. The method is demonstrated for measurement of spectrally resolved particle extinction in the wavelength region 275 - 300 nm, a physical parameter needed for the correction of LIDAR ozone measurements. By the use of differential optical absorption spectroscopy, (DOAS) it is possible to obtain concentrations of O3 and SO2 and by a subtraction technique their contribution to the absorption are eliminated. The method was tested during an ozone LIDAR intercomparison campaign, TROLIX, in the Netherlands, 1991. In this field experiment spectrally resolved particle extinction was measured as well as O3 and SO2 concentrations, and the results were compared with LIDAR and point monitor measurements. The dual path method also has the potential to improve the detection limit in long path absorption measurements of gas concentration. By ratioing spectra from two different pathlengths instrument factors are cancelled and detection limits may be improved. An example demonstrating improvement in ozone long path measurements is given.


In this work, we investigate how single-cell differences in melanoma lead to resistance to multiple diverse and therapeutically relevant stressors. Targeted small-molecule inhibitors and immunotherapy have shown incredible success in the clinic. However, most patients still only partially respond to a given treatment, succumbing to recurrent, treatment-resistant tumors. As a result, oncologists must resort to sequentially treating tumors with new drugs or co-treating with multiple drugs from the beginning. Despite such a complex clinical paradigm, researchers are still studying the root of treatment resistance one drug at a time. We believe that by more broadly studying how certain cells adapt to and survive a multitude of stressful conditions, we can identify treatment strategies that more effectively overcome many resistant behaviors at once. Here, we use lentiviral cell barcoding to simultaneously trace cells that survive stress from microenvironmental factors (extracellular acidosis and hypoxia), inhibition of specific signaling pathways (with Dabrafenib and Trametinib), and chemotherapy (Cisplatin and Doxorubicin) back to their cells of origin and characterize them by scRNA-seq. Strikingly, we have found that there is a rare population of stress-naïve cells that is resistant to our entire panel of stressors. We are exploring two complementary approaches for overcoming this multi-stressor resistance. First, we have combined cell barcoding and scRNA-seq to identify the initial differences in gene expression that allow certain lineages of cells to survive across stressful conditions. Our goal is to use small-molecule inhibitors and genetic knockouts to target these differences in gene expression in stress-naïve cells, eliminating multi-stressor resistance at its source. Second, we are tracking lineages of cells as they undergo a series of cellular changes needed to ultimately survive our panel of stressors. Using scRNA-seq and cell barcoding, we are identifying these crucial changes as cells reprogram into full resistance. We will look to prevent this reprogramming by simultaneously stressing cells and targeting core reprogramming genes and pathways. Overall, this work uncovers single-cell gene expression differences that allow cancer cells to survive under many stressful conditions. We will work to overcome this resistance by directly eliminating the multi-stressor resistant cells and disrupting their ability to reprogram.
 Citation Format: Dylan L. Schaff, Aria J. Fasse, Sydney M. Shaffer. Dissecting cell states that enable multi-stressor resistance in cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on the Evolutionary Dynamics in Carcinogenesis and Response to Therapy; 2022 Mar 14-17. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(10 Suppl):Abstract nr B013.


In order to integrate efficiently the production and operation of copper sheet and strip processing enterprises,make up for the data deficiency between planlayer and production controllayer, this paper proposed a MES architecture for copper sheet and strip processing enterprises, investigated two key technology about material process state modeling and job shop scheduling in MES. The application of MES optimal management in copper sheet and strip processing is very important for ameliorating the flowing performance of material, saveing production costs and improving the enterprise's benefit.


Abstract The past few years have seen a marked increase in interest in the use of combined gas-liquid chromatography and infrared spectroscopy (GC/IR). This increase in interest is primarily due to the advent of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The combination. GC/FTIR. provides the sensitivity and scanning speed which have hindered the wide applicability of GC/IR using dispersive instruments.


EXPOSURES Self-reported leisure time physical activity, with activity patterns defined as inactive (reporting no moderateor vigorous-intensity activities), insufficiently active (reporting <150 min/wk in moderate-intensity and <75 min/wk in vigorous-intensity activities), weekend warrior (reporting 150 min/wk in moderate-intensity or 75 min/wk in vigorous-intensity activities from 1 or 2 sessions), and regularly active (reporting 150 min/wk in moderate-intensity or 75 min/wk in vigorous-intensity activities from 3 sessions). The insufficiently active participants were also characterized by physical activity frequency.


issues suitably in household or family context, as employment opportunities and decisions are complexly located within the dynamics of domestic groups and family life. She does not directly address critiques of household strategy approaches, but evidently shares the concern that these miss or undervalue internal household matters. Her approach remains firmly focused on external employment and sees it as "a choice negotiated at the household level and as an issue of job selectivity shaped by the market setting" (p. 15). Her volume carefully and consistently applies this approach together with gender analysis to each case in a core set of four substantive chapters. This work is based on extensive and solid field research and promises to be a valuable baseline as China's rural world continues its move to urbanize, even in the countryside.


Objective To study the effect of group counseling on mental health of university students.Methods We implemented group consultation for 20 undergraduates,and tested them with 16PF、SCL-90、Ego State and subjective questionnaire.Results There are great improvements on 7 personality factors in 16PF and on other 4 factors,including"adaptive and anxious factor","introversive and extroversive factor","the ability to grow up in new environment factor","mental health factor".From the result of the SCL-90 syndrome questionnaire,we found there are significant differences both on average total score and each factor,except hostility syn- drome.Conclusion Group counseling promotes the development of some members' personality,of member',it is effectual to optimize psychological quality.


We present specific-heat data for ${\mathrm{Nb}}_{3}\mathrm{Sn}$, a well-known technically applied superconductor with a critical temperature ${T}_{c}\ensuremath{\cong}18\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$, in the temperature range from $1.2\phantom{\rule{0.5em}{0ex}}\text{to}\phantom{\rule{0.5em}{0ex}}200\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$ in zero magnetic field, and from $1.5\phantom{\rule{0.5em}{0ex}}\text{to}\phantom{\rule{0.5em}{0ex}}22\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$ in fields $H\ensuremath{\leqslant}16\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{T}$. The particularly dense and homogeneous polycrystalline sample used for this study is characterized in detail. We determine the bulk upper critical field ${H}_{c2}(T)$ from specific-heat data, and the Sommerfeld constant $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ from the entropy $S(T)$. We investigate in detail a low-temperature anomaly already noticed in previous investigations in zero field, and find that this feature can be quantitatively ascribed to the presence of a second superconducting gap $2{\ensuremath{\Delta}}_{S}(0)\ensuremath{\cong}0.8{k}_{B}{T}_{c}$, in addition to the main one $2{\ensuremath{\Delta}}_{L}(0)\ensuremath{\cong}4.9{k}_{B}{T}_{c}$. The signature of this minor gap, which affects 7.5% of the electronic density-of-states, vanishes in high fields.