Need for a user data is designed to give his full and continuous control, access to systems and methods for ordinary personal trust, encourage such individuals to become idea of the system of open, trusted users. Proposed a method of controlling access to the trusted center the personal data of the user, and the trusted center comprising at least one database for a specific user, the database includes the location of personal data, the personal data associated with access conditions and management data including at least one counter, - a database loaded by the user to the trusted center of their personal data and assigns the access conditions of the data, the data is divided into at least two individuals having two different categories of access conditions each category value associated with a user, - the search performed by the personal data of the user's trusted center - trust Center Visits requested personal data to a plurality of users, said request comprising search criteria, by the third direction standard, to determine a first set of users that match the search criteria, - a third party to return the display of the number of matching the criteria the user information and the first set of a first set of values of each user's user sum, - all or part of the sum confirmation by this third party, so that the second set of user-defined The user of the second set comprises all or a portion of the first set, - user returns the sum of the coverage of the second set of personal data of the user excerpt accumulated value, - a second set of users use their personal data user content update counter value of the second set.


Anatomic pathology errors often occur around 1% to 43% in diagnosis (depending on the disease). This error resulted in delayed treatment and an incorrect diagnosis. This study aims to detect the prostate cancer cells by using pretrained models of deep learning based on the value of performance metrics using a confusion matrix. Image data was taken from a light microscope at the Universitas Indonesia (UI) Hospital. In this study, 10-fold cross-validation was used as a validation of performance metrics on the model. In addition to the accuracy assessment, there is an assessment of precision, recall (sensitivity), specificity and F-score, as well as running time in the process. In this study, the accuracy value in each iteration has a relationship with other performance metric values, if the accuracy value decreases, the other performance metric values will also decrease, and vice versa. In training, ResNet-50 has an average accuracy value of 99.83%, 0.2% higher than GoogLeNet. Testing performances show that ResNet-50 has an average accuracy value of 98.02%, slightly higher (0.28%) than GoogLeNet. In F-score as well, GoogLeNet has a slightly smaller 0.54% difference than ResNet-50. It can be concluded that the pretrained models has good performances in prostate images classification.


Introduction: Making Jews Modern Part I. The Yiddish and Ladino Press in the Russian and Ottoman Empires 1. Creating A Yiddish Newspaper Culture 2. Creating a Ladino Newspaper Culture Part II. Imaging Culture 3. Iconographies of Agitation 4. The Science of Healthy Living Part III. Advertising Aspiration 5. Images of Daily Life 6. Advertising Anxiety Epilogue


Study on richness, diversity and potential species of plant in two location in the Pegunungan Cyclops Nature Reserve had been conducted. One hundred and fifty species of plant are collected from this area, and 75 species of them are reported as potential species. The largest group of potential species is medicinal plants (35 species) follows by timber (33 species), ornamental plants (22 species), vegetables (16 species), and fruits (10 species). The results of study recommended that buah merah (Pandanus conoideus), matoa (Pometia pinnata) , tongkeu (Aidia racemosa), oi nokom (Parastemon urophyllus), and kayu besi (Instia bijuga) were very important as potential species of plants; and also reported that kreipeh (Saccharum officinarum) is a potential genetic resources of the wild sugar plants in Cagar Alam Pegunungan Cyclops.


Cervicogenic headache (CH) is a syndrome characterized by unilateral head pain caused by a disorder of the cervical spine and its component bone, disc, and/or soft tissue elements, usually but not invariably accompanied by the neck pain [1]. It is often a consequence of head or neck injury, but may also occur in the absence of trauma. The prevalence of CH in the general population is between 0.4% and 4.0%. In pain management clinics, however, the prevalence is much greater -as high as 20% of the patients diagnosed with headaches [2] -and as high as 53% in patients with headache after whiplash injury [3]. The treatment of CH usually requires a multifaceted approach with pharmacologic, physical, manipulative, anesthetic, and surgical interventions [4]. Patients who have not improved with conservative management are considered candidates for interventional pain management, including anesthetic block, intraarticular/ medial branch corticosteroid injection, radiofrequency ablation (RFA), and, on occasion, surgical treatment. Since Sjaastad reported the long term improvement of CH treated with RFA in a more than 4-year follow up [5], evidence has been growing that establish the effectiveness of RFA to treat CH and a technique that is commonly used in chronic pain clinics. However, the evidence is very limited and the results are inconsistent. One recent systematic review reported on a mere 3 randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and 4 non-RCTs investigating RFA [6]. Among the RFA studies are one high quality RCT with an inadequate number of patients [7] and three moderate quality non-RCTs with positive results, but also one RCT and one low quality non-RCT with limited patients with negative evidence [8, 9]. Why the conflicting results and can current data guide us in the application of RFA for CH? One explanation for the inconsistency lies in the nature of CH itself. Even after the Cervicogenic Headache International Study Group (CHISG) updated the diagnostic criteria for CH in 2013, the diagnosis of CH continued to be complicated and another category of headache related to cervical spine structures [10]. Furthermore, there are many potential sources of pain in the neck and these might respond differently to attempted RFA treatments. The C2-C3 z-joint is innervated by the third occipital nerve (TON) and is the most common cause, accounting for 70% of CH, followed by the atlantoaxial (A-A) joint which is the second most common source for CH [11]. This joint and the TON appear most vulnerable to trauma from whiplash of the neck. The other sources of CH include the C2-C3 intervertebraldisc, the atlanto-occipital (A-O) joint, and the C3-C4 Zygapophyseal -joint [3]. Lower cervical disc prolapse also can cause CH [12]; Michler described one chronic CH patient who experienced long-term improvement after decompression of the left C7 root [13]. So the ablations were performed at different levels and different sites. Common structures include the A-O joint, A-A joint, C2-C3 and C3-C4 z-joints, and the C2-C3 intervertebral disk. In one RCT, Stovner performed RFA of C2-6 on 6 patients selected on the basis of clinical features as opposed to response to diagnostic nerve blocks. They failed to see the benefits from RFA compared with the sham [14]. The results of the observational study by Cohen et al [15] suggest the factors associated with treatment failure include radiation to the head, opioid use, and pain exacerbated by neck extension and/or rotation. They concluded that selecting patients based on key clinical variables may increase the chance of treatment success for cervical facet RF. Another concern is the quality of current RCTs. Some RCTs were criticized with blinding and the control group design. Lord proved that RFA of CZJ can provide lasting relief in chronic CH patients in the only reported randomized double-blinded trial to prove the effects of RF on CH [7]. Carragee et al questioned the blinding methodology, as around half of the treatment group developed long-term anesthetic or dysesthetic areas of skin and none of the


This research work proposes a Human Machine Interaction (HMI) system that enables users to control PowerPoint presentations using hand gestures. By analyzing hand movements captured by a camera and utilizing computer vision algorithms, the system accurately recognizes and interprets gestures as commands. The proposed system implementation incorporates machine learning techniques and the OpenCV module, allowing users to change slides without the need for keyboards or specialized gadgets. With real-time gesture recognition, users can control their presentations effortlessly and enhance accessibility. The system's potential applications include improving interaction with digital devices for individuals with limited access to traditional input devices.This proposed system highlights the significance of presentations and offers an innovative approach to nonverbal communication and human-computer interaction. By utilizing a camera and leveraging OpenCV Python, MediaPipe and PyWin32, the hand gesture presentation control system provides a user-friendly and efficient alternative for controlling PowerPoint slides. The system enhances the overall presentation experience by offering a more intuitive and natural means of interaction. The average accuracy of the proposed system is more than 93% for any distance from the camera.


Myo‐inositol (MI) biosynthesis from glucose is one mechanism by which organisms can accumulate compatible organic osmolytes to counteract hyperosmotic stress. Here we show that the entire MI pathway is strongly induced by hyperosmotic stress in tilapia gill epithelium. We found that the second enzyme of this two‐step pathway, inositol monophosphatase (IMPA), is strongly up‐regulated by hyperosmotic stress at the protein level as shown by online LCMS. Using quantitative real‐time PCR we have investigated the level of induction of the MI biosynthesis pathway in gill epithelium after acclimating tilapia acutely and gradually from fresh water to either 34, 70 or 90 ppt salinity. Two distinct myo‐inositol‐phosphate synthase (MIPS) transcripts of the same gene showed similarly high levels of mRNA up‐regulation during all types of hyperosmotic stress. While only a single MIPS gene was found we detected at least two distinct IMPA genes in the tilapia genome. The IMPA1 gene that was highly up‐regulated after hyperosmotic stress at the protein level was also found highly up‐regulated at the mRNA level during all types of hyperosmotic stress. In contrast, IMPA2 was not up‐regulated suggesting that it lacks osmoresponsive enhancers. We conclude that the MI biosynthesis pathway represents a major hyperosmotic stress coping mechanism for euryhaline fish such as tilapia. Supported by NSF grant IOS‐1049780.


Abstract Carbon fiber (CF) and MXene were filled in polyimide (PI) to prepare the CF/MXene/PI composite by compression molding. High-resistance meter, thermal conductivity tester, and scanning electron microscope were used to study the antistatic performance, thermal performance, and mechanical performance of the CF/MXene/PI composite, and the effect of heat treatment on the composite's mechanical properties is discussed. The results show that when the mass fractions of CF and MXene increase, the tensile strength and impact strength of CF/PI and CF/MXene/PI composites all show a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. And when the mass fractions of CF and MXene are 15% and 3%, respectively, the performance of the CF/MXene/PI composite is better. The thermal conductivity of the CF/MXene/PI composite shows an increase with increase in the mass fraction of MXene. Heat treatment affects the mechanical properties of the CF/MXene/PI composite. When the treatment temperature is >240°C, the tensile strength and impact strength of the composite do not change much.


New pentadentate pyridine- or imidazole-containing ligands showing dinucleating behaviour are reported: ligand LI stabilizes a diiron(II) complex in which the bridging carboxylates are linked to the capping moieties of the ligands.


Eosinophilic Kolitis is a rare inflammatory bowel disease of unknown etiology, which must be classed with the group of eosino-philic gastrointestinopathies. It is caused by an infiltration of the intestinal wall by eosinophilic granulocytes which induces an unspecific inflammatory reaction of varying localisation, extent and morphe. Pseudopolypoid obstruction with ileussymptoms, intussusception of the bowel wall or perforation may occur. As cecum and ascending colon are frequently involved, right lower quadrant pain is the leading symptom of the disease. Therefore diagnosis is usually not made endoscopically, as is desirable, but by explorative laparotomy under suspicion of acute appendicitis. Nevertheless conservative therapeutic strategies with reduction of questionably noxious medication or the application of corticosteroids are primarily indicated. Only if symptoms persist, a bowel resection has to be performed.


 Abstract—E-learning is prevalent and it is changing the learning paradigm in the higher education. This results in less face-to-face contact with educators, lecturers, facilitators and tutors. Therefore capturing and utilizing experiences of learners to make it available or sharable to peers can help to create better environment for learning to improve learning outcomes and quality. Accordingly, learning especially at higher education, involves the interaction of human, technology and knowledge. In this paper, we use the scenario of a typical blended learning at a university setting to highlight the different types of learning experiences that can be harnessed and used for better learning. We also use the scenario to scaffold and formulate a novel framework of blended learning technological architecture to show how to harness learning experiences to be analyzed and possibly be used in a feedback system. We used analytics to produce our output from the analysis of LEs and the visual feedback system received favorable comments from learners.


The magnetic properties and low-temperature electrical resistivity are reported for dilute alloys of the ${\mathrm{Pd}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{R}_{x}$ system where $R=\mathrm{C}\mathrm{e},\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}\mathrm{P}\mathrm{r},\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}\mathrm{N}\mathrm{d},\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}\mathrm{S}\mathrm{m},\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}\mathrm{E}\mathrm{u},\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}\mathrm{G}\mathrm{d},\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}\mathrm{T}\mathrm{b},\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}\mathrm{D}\mathrm{y},\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{o},\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}\mathrm{E}\mathrm{r},\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}\mathrm{T}\mathrm{m},\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}\mathrm{Y}\mathrm{b},\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}\mathrm{L}\mathrm{u},\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}\mathrm{o}\mathrm{r}\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}\mathrm{Y}$, and $x$ is generally 0.01 or less. Alloys with $R=\mathrm{C}\mathrm{e},\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}\mathrm{G}\mathrm{d},\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}\mathrm{D}\mathrm{y},\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}\mathrm{o}\mathrm{r}\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}\mathrm{E}\mathrm{r}$ are examined over a wide range of concentrations. The quantities measured were the magnetic susceptibility $\ensuremath{\chi}(T)$ for $4.2\ensuremath{\lesssim}T\ensuremath{\lesssim}250$ K, the magnetic moment $\ensuremath{\sigma}({H}_{0})$ for $T\ensuremath{\lesssim}4.2$ K and for ${H}_{0}\ensuremath{\lesssim}210$ kG, and the residual electrical resistivity $\ensuremath{\rho}(T)$ at 4.2 K. Even at 200 kG the rare-earth moments are not fully aligned with the applied field for $T\ensuremath{\gtrsim}1.5$ K. The magnetic-moment versus field data are analyzed in two ways: by a semiempirical formula which includes a parameter that gives a convenient measure of ease of magnetic saturation of the rare-earth contribution, and by crystal field theory. Based on the semiempirical formula, the magnetic moment of the rare-earth ion is found to be close to its free-ion value, and the matrix susceptibility is also obtained. The application of the semiempirical formula to both field- and temperature-dependent data is discussed extensively. From recent electron-paramagnetic-resonance data, crystal field parameters for the ${\mathrm{Pd}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Dy}}_{x}$ alloys are derived. Using these parameters, the field and temperature dependence of the magnetic moment for ${\mathrm{Pd}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Dy}}_{x}$ are calculated. The best fit of crystal field theory shows large systematic deviations from experiment, whereas the semiempirical formula fits the observed data within experimental error for $H\ensuremath{\gtrsim}3$ kG. The temperature-dependent susceptibility $\ensuremath{\chi}(T)$ is fitted to a Curie-Weiss law for the heavy rare-earth alloys and the free-ion value of the rare-earth moment is obtained within experimental error. The paramagnetic Curie temperature $\ensuremath{\theta}$ is less than \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}3 K for $x\ensuremath{\lesssim}0.01$. The $\ensuremath{\chi}(T)$ data for $R=\mathrm{Y},\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}\mathrm{C}\mathrm{e},\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}\mathrm{E}\mathrm{u},\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}\mathrm{o}\mathrm{r}\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}\mathrm{L}\mathrm{u}$ (none of which has a measurable moment in Pd) show that the position and magnitude of the maximum of $\ensuremath{\chi}(T)$ (which occurs at \ensuremath{\sim}85 K for pure Pd) are sensitive functions of $R$ and $x$. The analysis of the residual electrical resistivity of ${\mathrm{Pd}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{R}}_{x}$ alloys for $x\ensuremath{\sim}0.01$ shows that the Kasuya formula does not apply. Other scattering mechanisms are suggested and their predictions are compared with the magnetic properties.


A key challenge in materials discovery is to find a viable high temperature superconductor. Hydrogen and hydride materials have long been considered promising materials displaying conventional phonon-mediated superconductivity. However, the high pressures required to stabilise these materials have restricted their application. Here, we present results from high-throughput computation, considering a wide range of high-symmetry ternary hydrides from across the periodic table at ambient-pressure. This large composition space is then reduced by considerations of thermodynamic, dynamic and magnetic stability, before direct estimations of the superconducting critical temperature. This approach, combined with first-principles structure prediction has revealed a metastable ambient-pressure hydride superconductor, Mg$_2$IrH$_6$, with a predicted critical temperature of 160K, comparable to the highest temperature superconducting cuprates. We propose a synthesis route via a structurally related insulator, Mg$_2$IrH$_7$, which is thermodynamically stable above 15GPa and discuss the potential challenges in doing so. This supports a long-held hypothesis that, hydrogen, in the right chemical environment, can promote high-temperature superconductivity at ambient pressure.


Polymeric aircraft cabin materials have the potential to produce toxic gases in fires. Lethality (LC50) in animal models is a standard index to rank polymers on the basis of their combustion product toxicity. However, the use of times-to-incapacitation may be more realistic for predicting relative escape times from a fire environment. Therefore, LC50s and times-to-incapacitation for six pure polymers of different chemical classes were determined and compared. The polymers were polyamide (I), polystyrene (II), Nylon 6/6 (III), polysulfone (IV), polyethylene (V) and chlorinated polyethylene (VI). In the study, rats (150-250 g), 12 animals per fuel loading, were exposed to the pyrolysis products from selected weights of each polymer for 30 min in a 265-L combustion/exposure system, and LC50s were determined following a 14-day observation period. For each polymer, times-to-incapacitation were also measured at 16 g, that is, 60 mg/L, and at their respective LC50s using the inability of rats to walk in rotating cages as a criterion for incapacitation. The LC50s (mg/L) of the polymers had the order of I (45.7) < II (56.6) = III (58.1) < IV (63.2) < V (75.5) < VI (87.5), while their times-to-incapacitation (min) at 16 g (60 mg/L) had the order of III (6.6) = I (7.3) < V (11.7) = II (12.0) < VI (18.4) < IV (21.1). Based on the times-to-incapacitation (min) at LC50s, the polymers were grouped into III & V (10.5, 11.0); I, II & VI (14.1-15.0); and IV (19.5). The two toxicological end points, LC50 and times-to-incapacitation, did not exhibit the same relative toxic hazard rankings for these polymers. Also, times-to-incapacitation were not equal at the LC50 concentrations, a condition of equal lethality. These findings demonstrate the possible involvement of different mechanisms of action for the combustion products of these polymers at the selected end points.


The present invention discloses a beer semi-finished product in the assay method polyphenol content, comprising the steps of: 1) Preparation of stock solution of tea polyphenols: tea leaves with distilled water soaking after heating, the supernatant liquid was collected by filtration, added to the mixed beer, alternate; 2) detecting the value of polyphenols polyphenols liquid sample; 3) automatic chemical analyzer: editing program, reagents are mixed, the sample into the reaction cell from the inlet, the detector response, analysis; 4) Preparation of standard curve: a concentration of the diluted liquid sample polyphenols, standard curve automatic chemical analyzer module polyphenols; 5) sample Preparation: samples were tested degassing, filtration or centrifugation; 6) detection: into the sample to be tested detector for detection. Assay method of the invention can not avoid the production of standard chemistry autoanalyzer polyphenol polyphenol standard curve resulting instability detection results, with rapid, large samples, accuracy, and high sensitivity.


This research is foccus on: How about the Conflict Management among the students? How about the Conflict Management between the student and teacher? How about the Conflict Management betwen the teacher and the parent of the student? How about the Conflict Management between the school with societies?
The objective of the research was to describe the Conflict Management among the student, the student with teacher, the teacher with the parent of the student, and the Conflict Management between the school and societies.
The approach of this research using qualifative approach with descriptive analysis the reseach data were explored using observation interview and documentation techniques. To get the desire of data, the write or the authors use the interview by using interview instrument more with the principals, teacher, student, parent and the society leaders that relevent to the research.
There are four conflicts that accured in Madrasah Tsanawiyah Negeri Model Martapura, its namely: 1). The conflict among the students, 2). the conflict between the students with the teacher, 3). The conflict between the teacher with the parents of the student, 4). the conflict between the school and society.
The conflict among the students were caused by the courtship and the flights. The conflict solution strategy uses coercion or sanction, avoidance, compromise and smoothing. The result of the conflict is lose-lose.
The conflict between the students with the teacher were coused by controvened the rule from the teacher, didn't make and do the task and didn't commit the memorize. The conflict solution strategy use coercion or sanction, avoidance, compromise and smoothing. The result of the conflict are lose and win
The conflict between the teacher with the parents of the students were coused by the volue of the parents task or the raport of their child were not satisfied or the parents were not too understand about the rule of the school. The conflict solution strategy uses avoidance, compromise and smoothing. The result of the conflictis win-win.
The conflict between the school and socities were coused by the less of the societies attention with the cleaness of the school. The conflict solution strategy uses avoidance, compromise and smoothing. He result of the conflict is win-win


The paper addresses the basic technical terms in the geography of natural disasters, which not only describe the phenomena, but also include its theoretical and methodological foundations. The meanings of these terms are discussed from the viewpoint of geography, which considers natural disasters as an integral part of the environment/ landscape/space. Unification in the context of geography is even more important because of the interdisciplinary approach to natural disasters and significant differences between the terminology of the participating sciences.


Prayer for Healing of Cancer: Talks directly to your mind and the cells within your body to fortify the immune system and to cast out cancerous growth within the body. Also leads you in prayer for correct diagnosis, and for guidance in your doctor's minds.


We assess the importance of distant pollution sources on the marine background by combining measurements of carbon monoxide (CO) and ozone (O 3 ) with model simulations from the GEOS-CHEM chemical transport model and two types of back trajectories. Measurements were made over a complete annual cycle from March 2001 to May 2002 at Cheeka Peak Observatory (CPO) in Washington State. Data from an earlier campaign (March-April 1997 and 1998) were also incorporated. The seasonal cycles of CO and O 3 show a spring maximum and a summer minimum, consistent with other remote sites in the marine boundary layer. European and Asian pollution emission sources of CO, parameterized by GEOS-CHEM, were grouped into one category called LRT, representing long-range transport. LRT values produced good correlations with measured CO (monthly averaged r = 0.60, 6-hour averages) and were found to comprise between 15 and 60% of total CO, with higher values in winter/spring and lower values in the summer/fall. CO and O 3 observations were classified on the basis of these LRT values, creating two general categories: more polluted (LRT > 75th percentile from monthly distribution) and less polluted (LRT 75% percentile) were observed throughout the year. Ozone behavior was quite complicated during these events, producing no consistent enhancements. Classification of the measurements with LRT values from GEOS-CHEM is compared to back trajectories, both isentropic and kinematic. Isentropic trajectories agree reasonably well with GEOS-CHEM between February and May in capturing the CO enhancements in air masses influenced by recent emissions but were found to be less useful from June to January. HYSPLIT kinematic trajectories were slightly better at capturing the Asian pollution events than isentropic trajectories but still missed an event during the summer completely that was verified by GEOS-CHEM. Possible reasons for poor trajectory performance in the summer and fall are discussed. Long-range transport appears not to affect the magnitude of the diurnal variability of O 3 measurements at CPO, which reflect daytime production of 2-4 ppbv/d. Rather, ship traffic in the vicinity of CPO, which supplies NO x through combustion, likely plays a dominant role.


Brain MRI revealed subcortical and periventricular white matter lesions in the right frontoparietal and insular lobes, with a perivascular punctate and curvilinear enhancement, with no restricted diffusion, associated with edema without significative mass effect (figure 1). MRI angiography, including vessel wall sequences, did not show vascular stenosis or signs of vasculitis. CSF analysis showed slightly elevated protein levels (49 mg/dL) and cytology with 5 white blood cells; there were no oligoclonal bands, and protein electrophoresis was normal. Infectious screening of CSF was negative for herpes simplex virus I/II, Cytomegalovirus, Adenovirus, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Varicella zoster virus, human herpesvirus 6/7, and Enterovirus. In addition, neoplastic cells were not detected in CSF. The investigation was also negative for Treponema pallidum, HIV, and hepatitis B and C. The screening for systemic autoimmunity and neoplastic diseases, including FDG PET-CT, was unremarkable.


The recognition of the presence of iron-containing compounds in blood can be traced back at least as far as the 19th century. However, it was not until about 50 years ago that the systematic application of inorganic chemistry to the elucidation of the roles of metals in biological systems began to receive serious and sustained attention, and the field of bioinorganic chemistry began to evolve into the vigorous branch of science that it constitutes today. This evolution started with the mutual recognition by biological and medical scientists and by inorganic chemists …


The purpose of this study was to examine coworker distributive justice judgments in the workplace accommodation situation, as well as how application of need and equity rules affects justice judgments. Past research on justice rules suggests that the equity rule is the rule most often used in the work context; however, it is possible that in the accommodation situation, coworkers will use the need rule. Results revealed that coworkers who felt that a disabled individual has a legitimate disability and needed an accommodation to fulfill his or her work responsibilities were more likely to view the accommodation situation as fair. When making judgments concerning physical disabilities, need rule considerations were a stronger predictor of accommodation fairness than equity rule considerations. Furthermore, application of the need rule differs according to type of disability. Paraplegia evoked the highest need judgments, followed by dyslexia and then depression. Alcoholism showed no significant need judgment difference to depression.


The case report by Verhoeff and his colleagues describes the application of a radiolabelled dopamine-D2 receptor ligand (1-123-IBZM) to brain SPECT studies of two migraine patients. The patients were characterized as ergotamine abusers and they were studied on two occasions; before and 15 weeks after withdrawal of ergotamine. The major finding was that the cerebral distribution of 1-123-IBZM was unchanged when comparing the two SPECT examinations.


Abstract A new structure type (L) is reported for disilicates of the middle and heavy rare earth elements (REE) quenched from 10 GPa, 1600-1700 °C. Crystal data are: triclinic, space group P1̅ , Z = 6; Dy2Si2O7: a = 6.5971(3), b = 6.6504(2), c = 18.0582(6) Å, α = 83.791(2), β = 88.653(2), γ = 88.498(2)°, V = 787.2 Å3, and Dx = 6.242 g/cm3; Tm2Si2O7: a = 6.5499(2), b = 6.5876(2), c = 17.8916(7) Å, α = 83.828(1), β = 88.368(1), γ = 88.152(2)°, V = 766.9 Å3, and Dx = 6.574 g/cm3; Lu2Si2O7: a = 6.5240(2), b = 6.5553(2), c = 17.7909(6) Å, α = 83.977(2), β = 88.074(2), γ = 87.846(2)°, V = 755.8 Å3, and Dx = 6.830 g/cm3. The type-L structure comprises linear trisilicate [Si3O10]8- and orthosilicate [SiO4]4- ions cross linked by REE3+ in one sevenfold and five eightfold coordinated positions (to 3.0 Å), and is assembled from alternating (001) strips of the type-B structure of REE2Si2O7 and a sheared structure containing structural elements found in the type-B structure but with Si distributed with 50% occupancy over two face-sharing tetrahedra. The geometry of these half-occupied tetrahedra is consistent with decomposition of a SiO5 trigonal bipyramid during quenching of the pressure.


Design, construction, and operation of a new type of gasifier for the production of fuel gas from wood waste (sawdust, chips, bark, etc.) are discussed. Data obtained from pilot plants are presented. The gasifier is inexpensive, easy to operate, and its efficiency is approximately 95%.


A novel forming methodology with the aid of shrinkage-guide device associated with predeforming scheme to fabricate a new porous composite sheet made from the mixture of rice-husk (RH) and biodegradable polyvinyl-alcohol (PVA) into deep containers is proposed in this paper. The influences of forming properties and behavior including plasticization of PVA matrix, bendability, shrinkage and buckling, flowability of mass, and induced friction force on the drawing capability ofRH/PVA composite (RPC) sheet are examined. This work reveals that the drawability of RPC sheets depends not only on their mechanical properties but also on the shape and dimension of product and forming scheme, correlated to allowable bend radius, effective stress area, shrinkage gradient, and induced friction force. Accordingly, a novel forming methodology greatly increasing the drawing depth of RPC sheet and deformation rate is presented.


The invention discloses a charging method and system of wireless switch-in net, which is characterized by the following: authorization, verificating weight and charging AAA server get charging information of charging place area and carrying out charging treatment according to corresponding charging policy which is distributed by charging location area. The invention improves the justification and rationality of charging which reduces operating load of AAA server.


This paper analyzes some existing methods and their problems of measuring flux characteristics of SRM., and presents a DSP based indirect method of measuring flux characteristics. The flux characteristics are obtained from current and voltage measurements on the phase winding circuit, combined with a numeric integration. The experimental instru-ments needed in this method are common, and the test platform is easy to be built, thus the expense is lowered in measu-rement of flux. The test indicates the measuring process is simple to implement, and the experimental results are accurate, which testify the method is suitable to measure the flux characteristics of SRM.


PURPOSE: An optical pickup device and a control method thereof are provided to reduce the cost of a sensor by eliminating the need for the sensor to detect the location of a collimate lens when moving the collimate lens using a monitor to correct the spherical aberration of the optical pickup device. CONSTITUTION: An optical pickup device comprises a motor(21), a rotation member(23), a lead member(24), and a lens. The rotation member is connected to the motor and comprises a moving part(23a) and a stopping part(23b). The lead member is inserted into the rotation member, moves along the moving part and stops at the stopping part. The lens is connected to the lead member to correct the aberration. The moving part includes a screw thread and the stopping part includes a plain pattern. The lens comprises at least one of a collimate lens(19) or a objective lens.


The photocrosslinking mechanism of copolymers of styrene (ST) with 4-vinylbenzyl selenocyanate (VBSe), 4-vinylbenzyl thiocyanate (VBT) or 4-vinylbenzyl bromide (VBBr) was investigated using low-molecular-weight model compounds. The photochemistry of benzyl selenocyanate was studied by means of 1H NMR spectroscopy and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis. It was found that a cleavage in benzyl and selenocyanato radicals and — to a minor extent — in benzylseleno and cyano radicals occurs. A comparative study of the products which are formed during the photolysis of benzyl selenocyanate, benzyl thiocyanate and benzyl bromide in cumene shows that selenocyanato and thiocyanato radicals have far less hydrogen abstraction efficiency than bromine radicals. The results are discussed in regard to the reactions of the corresponding copolymers. A comparison with a crosslinking mechanism, proposed for chloromethylated polystyrene under irradiation, is carried out.


At present, most of the mode of reviewing test papers in class are in this way that "I tell and you listen" or "explain and exercise them mechanically" and can't achieve desired result. The mode of self-assessment is based on the theories related to the contemporary educational psychology. It is divided into three steps as follows: self-assessment, self-assessment and the judgment. It has been put into practice and achieved good result.


After a brief description of the role of the gross regional product (GRP) in the analysis and management system with regard to modern Russian conditions, the authors on the basis of a critical examination of the pressure points of regional macroeconomic statistics have formulated their proposals for improving information and methodological support of gross regional product calculation. The article describes differences in the calculation of gross domestic product and gross regional product, analyzes their causes and possible ways to harmonize the statistics of final product at general federal and regional levels. Special attention is paid to the quality of statistical data in the context of opportunities for implementation of the recommendations of international statistical standards for a more complete and adequate display of the results of economic activities, identified in relation to the territorial administrative units such as constituent entity of the Russian Federation. Experimental calculations related to additional valuation parameters for GRP volume of Moscow and St. Petersburg, as well as the interpretation of the results of comparative analysis of the sectoral structure of gross value added produced in Russia and the sectoral structure of the gross regional product (during 2012-2014) are shown to have independent significance.


Tengfei Xiong Institute of Plant Protection, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China. Nanda satyabrata MS Swaminathan School of Agriculture, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Odisha, India. Fengliang Jin Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China. Qingsheng Lin (  email@example.com ) Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China. Xia Feng Institute of Plant Protection, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China.


A re-interpretation of the famous rune-stone at Karlevi on Oland, from about AD 1000. Instead of being viewed as a "casual monument", the rune-stone is regarded as part of the local political histo ...


Aim: The objective of this study was to evaluate an acupuncture technique applied to the facial nerve branches using electromyography (EMG) and facial photographs. Methods: A 45-year-old man diagnosed with Bell's facial palsy on the left side about 1 month previously participated in this study. In electromyography, the electrodes were positioned on the orbicularis oris and orbicularis oculi muscles; facial expression images were taken prior to and after rehabilitation, which consisted of 10 sessions once a week of acupuncture applied along the facial nerve branches using Tsing needles. Results: The EMG values obtained after the acupuncture sessions showed a decrease in the action potential of both muscles evaluated at rest, and greater activation of muscle fibers in the affected hemi-face while moving the mouth and eyes. In relation to the visual feedback provided by the obtained images, the facial symmetry was restored when both sides were compared. Conclusion: Our results suggest that the acupuncture technique applied to the facial nerve branches can provide greater recruitment of the muscle fibers on the affected side and improve the flow of energy. Therefore, these results may allow for the restoration of functional movement, better symmetry and a positive response in the stomatognathic system.


The production and properties of the resonances with the strangeness S = +1 in the system of nK+ were studied in the reaction np -> npK+K- at the momentum of incident neutrons Pn = (5.20+/-0.12)GeV/c. A number of peculiarities was found in the effective mass spectrum of the mentioned above system. All these resonances have a large statistical significance. Their widths are comparable with the mass resolution. The estimation of the spins of resonances was carried out and the rotational band connecting the resonances masses and their spins was constructed.


The article that opens this issue of Violence Against Women pi that was raised in the November issue: variations in patterns o violence (IPV). JoAnn Miller reports on her research that differenti particularly "common couple violence" in contrast to systematic a coercive control. She builds on the work of both Johnson (2006; Jo 2000) and Gordon (2000), including not only partners' threats actions but also women's experiences of childhood abuse. Miller' the importance of understanding variations in IPV to develop t interventions. Chitra Raghavan, Amy Mennerich, Ellen Sexton, and Susan additional factors that contribute to IPV, focusing on low-income disadvantaged neighborhoods. Raghavan et al. are concerned with der and community violence in the women's neighborhoods and stance use and violence among members of their social support ne to the women's personal IPV victimization. Raghavan and her coll nificant associations among these variables, such that in neighbo levels of social disorder where the women are using drugs and alc are at greater risk of being victimized by community violence, wh ated with higher risk of IPV victimization. They found no relations munity violence and violence in the women's social support net support network violence was related to increased risk of IPV. study underlines Miller's argument that multiple factors contribu ization and shape its form and frequency, which suggests, in turn, t ventions tailored to diverse needs and experiences are necessary. Joseph Gillis and his colleagues turn our attention to current tions, particularly those available in Canada. Gillis et al. document have been implemented in judicial policies and procedures in Cana changes designed to improve IPV victims' experiences in seekin enforcement, the courts, and service providers. But Gillis et al.'s r that these policy and procedural changes have fallen short of the tered women. Although there are some positive findings, the exp women in this study mirror those of women in numerous studies p justice system continues to harm rather than help women victims Another source of help for IPV victims is religious communities. quently seek help and guidance from those they recognize and a leaders, and these leaders' opinions may carry significant weight bec seen as having special or "divine" insight. Recognizing the potential g 10.1177/1077801206295168 http://vaw.sagepub.com hosted at Editor's Introduction


Abstract : This thesis investigates the extent of agreement between the Shore Facilities Planning Documents and the Shore Base Readiness Report. The objective is to determine if the Facility Planning Documents support the facility quantity readiness ratings reported in the BASEREP. The mean total deficiencies and the mean percentage deficiencies per facility requirement of a mission category are calculated and analyzed be analysis of variance tests to determine if there is a significant difference in the means among the assigned readiness ratings. The analysis indicates there is no significant difference in the mean deficiencies or the mean percentage deficiencies per facility requirement. The study concludes that the facilities deficiencies reported in the Facilities Planning Documents do not support the readiness ratings reported in the Shore Base Readiness Report.


More and more recently in phonological theory the line between phonology and other subfields is becoming blurred. With respect to the meshing of historical linguistics with phonology a very important question arises: to what extent should the synchronic grammar incorporate the causes and results of clearly diachronic events? This question is very important in assessing recent types of Output-to-Output constraints proposed in the OT literature, particularly an anti-homophony constraint (named ParCon or AntiIdent) which prevents two distinct underlying representations from yielding the same output. Crosswhite (1997) (followed by Kenstowicz (2005)) uses such a constraint to account for three cases in Trigrad Bulgarian in which the expected lowering of unstressed /o/ to [a] does not occur. As an illustration, one of the three cases is presented in (1).


The purpose of this study is to provide a capability for determining the chemical kinetic behavior of one family of pollutants, the nitrogen oxides, in the flow of a coal-fired MHD generator facility. The method used in the study allows the prediction of the nonequilibrium concentration of the minor NO(x) species in a flow otherwise assumed in equilibrium. Consideration is given to the effect of preheat, stoichiometry, and oxygen enrichment of the NO(x) concentration. The effect of preheat and stoichiometry is found to have a significant influence on the NO(x) concentration at the exit of the radiant boiler.


In the other type of health care database that we discuss in this chapter, there are multiple columns for each patient observation. It is more difficult to find both the most frequently occurring codes, or to find patients with specific codes for the purpose of extraction. For this reason, many studies focus on the primary diagnosis or procedure. We will provide the programming necessary to find the most frequent codes and to find the patients who have a specific condition. Another aspect of preprocessing we will explore in this chapter using the National Inpatient Sample is that of propensity scoring. When it is not possible to perform a randomized, controlled trial, an attempt is made to emulate such a trial by comparing two observational subgroups. The two groups are matched based upon demographic factors and related patient conditions. It is possible to define a level of patient severity and then to match patients with the severity level as part of the propensity score.


A 65-year-old lady presented to the emergency department with epigastria pain and coffee ground vomitus. Her past medical history included diabetes mellitus, hypertension and elective tube graft repair of an infra-renal abdominal aortic aneurysm. Chest radiograph (Fig. 1) showed a markedly air-distended viscus under the right hemidiaphragm with multiple dilated loop of bowels. Computed tomography (CT) scan (Fig. 2) demonstrated a redundant colon with hepatodiaphragmatic interposition of caecum. The caecum was markedly distended with twisting of mesentery, and mesenteric whirl sign in keeping with a caecal volvulus. Laprotomy confirmed CT findings of redundant right colon with caecal volvulus and small bowel obstruction. A right hemicolectomy and primary anastamosis was performed. Unfortunately, her postoperative period was complicated with an anastomotic leak, requiring a repeat laparotomy, ileostomy and a mucous fistula. Finally, after a difficult course in intensive care unit, intense occupational and physiotherapy, she managed to make a full recovery. Chilaiditi sign is a rare anomaly of hepatodiaphragmatic interposition of colon, usually involving the hepatic flexure or transverse colon. Chilaiditi syndrome is termed when this anatomic anomaly is associated with gastrointestinal symptoms. Various factors including hepatic, intestinal and diaphragmatic have been implicated in its pathogenesis. Colonic interposition is usually an asymptomatic radiological sign, with a differential diagnoses of pneumopeitoneum and subphrenic abscess. Chiliaditi syndrome with volvulus of transverse colon and splenic flexure of colon has been described.


Cardiac function is continuous without a beginning or end, thus function in one phase of the cardiac cycle, to a certain degree, is dependent on the function from the previous phase. Systolic time intervals (STIs), which offer a temporal description of the sequential phases of the cardiac cycle, nicely illustrate this continuation.1 The evaluation of left ventricular (LV) performance has been a subject of research for more than a century. For several years, studies were performed mostly in the research laboratory where several factors that influence LV function could be individually controlled.2,3 Clinician scientists, however, are limited as they cannot completely control the multiple complex interactions that can affect LV performance. Consequently, clinicians are forced to rely on indices that are not pure in the measurement of LV performance, since these indices are usually affected by many other factors such as preload, afterload, intrinsic or extrinsic inotropic effects, and LV geometry, just to mention a few. In several diseases and disorders (e.g. heart failure), all these factors (preload, afterload, geometry, other) are affected simultaneously and for this reason need be taken into consideration when assessing LV performance. Left ventricular contraction results in generation of force, shortening of the myocardial walls and ejection of blood into the systemic circulation in precisely defined periods of time. Indices of LV performance, therefore, should be based on the ability of the


Mechanical alloying technique, such high energy ball milling process, is suitable for producing composite metal powders with a fine controlled microstructure. This method is crucial for obtaining homogeneous distribution of nano-sized dispersoids in a more ductile matrix (e.g. aluminiumor copper based alloys). The reinforcing particles Al4C3 have become an interesting reinforcing material because their high level of physical and mechanical properties, e.g. high temperature strength, thermal cyclic resistance, wear resistance and low linear expansion coefficient. Therefore, the reinforcement of the aluminum using Al4C3 has recently become the subject of many studies and widely used for products and structures [1, 2].


For some patients with SARS-CoV-2, the worst clinical damage is not caused by the virus itself, but by an overactive inflammatory state. In fact, in some people the immune system goes into overdrive and launches a large-scale assault on the tissue known as cytokine storm. This excessive inflammatory/immune reaction can damage tissue and eventually kill people. Evidence shows that blocking such cytokine storms can be effective and trials are underway to test drugs that act by reducing cytokine response, such as tocilizumab and sarilumab which bind interleukin 6 (IL-6), or anikinra which is the interleukin 1 receptor antagonist (IL-1). However, other drugs that block the cytokine cascade can also be considered. In this article we describe the scientific and molecular motivation for the use of drugs that act by modulating the hyperactive inflammatory system in severe patients suffering from SARS-CoV-2, considering in particular an old drug that has been in use for many years for other therapeutic indications such as colchicine, and that could be favourable to its use, with low cost and good tolerability.


We appreciate the opportunity to respond to the comments of Drs Mosimann and Raio regarding our article1. First, we apologize for our oversight in failing to include the previous publications on the innominate vein/aortic arch Doppler approach in evaluation of fetal arrhythmias. Neither Dr Berg's2 nor Dr Mosimann's3 publication appeared in our PubMed search using the terms of innominate vein, brachiocephalic vein, transverse aorta, fetal rhythm or arrhythmia. Even after their correspondence, we were unable to access the continuing review by Dr Berg, as it is in German, and unavailable online or at the University of Colorado Health Sciences library. Second, we acknowledge that Dr Mosimann et al.'s study3 is a valuable reference for normative data. However, our publications differ, as we used the innominate vein/aortic arch spectral Doppler profiles to diagnose fetal arrhythmia, rather than to assess normal fetal heart rhythm. With regard to their observation of the innominate vein a-wave being negative in only 20% of those examined, we use this technique routinely to


Interactive animations become more and more used in learning at school. Attractive, interactive animations seem very suitable to optimize in a realistic way understanding of knowledge about dynamic processes, particularly in science and technology. But can it facilitate learning? This paper proposes a review of the recent research realised in the domain of animation in learning and provides some recommendations for the pedagogical use of these new interactive learning medias.


According to the absence of quantitative expression of spatial objects in the variety of existing models,this paper proposed the quantitative expression method based on statistical model,by using AUTOLISP programming language to achieve the goal.Firstly,it gave the range of the direction relation values between points and lines,then reordered this group of statistical values,and then calculated the mid-value.Experimental result shows that the program was able to determine the two routing metrics:distribution and median,which can describe the direction relations between points and lines.The conclusion made a breakthrough over the traditional qualitative understanding of the direction relationship between spatial targets preliminary,helping to seek effective quantitative expression ways.


It is difficult to predict if there is a risk for fire smoke spread through a ventilation systems and it is often required analytical design for verifying adequate fire protection. Different simula ...


A method and apparatus for processing an Idle state by an Access Network in a wireless communication system is described. an IdleState.Activate command and an ActiveSetManagement.Activate command are issued. It is determined if the protocol receives an IdleState.ConnectionFailed indication, or a ReverseTrafficChannelMAC.SupervisionFailed indication.


Many people have spent many years reflecting on the possible origins of the tarot. I too have been interested in this topic and although the genesis of the tarot is not the only problem which I have investigated recently, it is nevertheless one of the most complex. A game having undefined origins cannot be considered as exceptional − the same thing indeed occurs with many games including chess, draughts, and even such recent widespread card games such as bridge and rummy. The fact is that for tarot, the occult tradition associated with these cards has rendered their origin even more obscure than the origins of other games. In my opinion, the occult tradition is based on nothing plausible and is essentially a fantasy created in an attempt to carry back the origin of tarot to the ancient civilisations. In the printed images of the cards there may be traces of older figurative details, but the origin of tarot must be dated to the Italian Renaissance. Despite this attribution, I am however, ready to accept an early date, down to the turning of the 14 th into the 15 th century. Before entering a discussion of the possible sources, let us examine the pack and focus our attention on what is to be sought for.


Abstract : LONG-TERM GOALS: This project aims to understand the fluctuations in low frequency (100 Hz, for example) acoustical propagation in the ocean over long distances (50 km to thousands of km), as well as other effects of internal waves and other small-scale variability in the speed of sound. OBJECTIVES: The objective is to model results of recent low-frequency, deep-water acoustic-propagation experiments, constraining the model environment from the measurements of those environments. Phenomena such as intensity fluctuations and deep arrivals are of more concern than travel time fluctuations, as the physics of travel time fluctuations is much better understood. APPROACH: Simulation of acoustic propagation in a model ocean with internal waves is used to study the effects of internal waves on the propagation. A highly accurate mode code has been developed for these studies. WORK COMPLETED: The mode code has been developed and verified. Studies of the propagation starting with a single mode whose turning depth is within the main thermocline have begun. A comparison with transport theory has been made, and a new phenomenon in the propagation has been discovered.


Reducing delays between primary care and specialty care visits is critical to improving continuity of ambulatory care delivery. To comply with referral protocols, personnel involved in patients' care pathways process and record pertinent information to ensure appropriate care is rendered, and missing necessary information might cause "dropping of the baton" during the patient transition. The objective of this paper is to analyze the information flow along patients' primary care to specialty care referral pathway, and identify system bottlenecks to enhance the workflow design and workforce configuration. A semi-Markov process is introduced to describe information transition and the operations of involved personnel are modeled as capacity-constrained service queues at every stage of referral pathway. Analytical formulas are derived to evaluate the overall referral delay, and a continuous improvement method is developed to identify the most critical factor that impedes the referral process. The proposed systems approach is applied to the clinics of a large academic medical center, and the analysis stresses the importance of building a health information system that supports breaking silos and adapting providers' workflows to the information system to facilitate smart and connected care delivery. Note to Practitioners—The ambulatory care delivery system is plagued by delays that dissatisfy patients, physicians, and other medical staff, and adversely affect patient outcomes. While many extant industrial engineering/operations research (IE/OR) articles focus on reducing physician appointment delays or waiting times during visits to a medical office, this paper seeks to address the lag between primary care visits and specialty care visits, i.e., the waiting for access to specialty care once the primary care physician has decided to refer the patient. This paper establishes a novel analytical framework to model primary care to specialty care referral processes with an emphasis on the information transition along patient pathway. The rigorous analytical model unveils the insights that might not be easily identified using qualitative approaches, and enjoys higher computational efficiency compared to simulation methods. What emerges from the study is the need to integrate health information technology into medical personnel's workflow and redesign the process to allow effective communication, which will lead to improved care, efficiency, and satisfaction.


Morvan's syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by peripheral nerve hyperexcitability, fluctuating encephalopathy, insomnia, and dysautonomia. Potassium channel antibodies have been reported. We present physiological studies on 2 patients, 1 of whom had a malignant thymoma and the other autoimmune hypothyroidism but no neoplasia. Both patients developed burning feet, spells of autonomic excitability, total insomnia, hallucinations, and skeletal muscle twitching. Both patients had voltage-gated potassium channel antibodies. The patient with thymoma had a low titer of acetylcholine receptor antibodies. EMG showed repetitive after-discharges following single stimulations, multiplets, and neuromyotonic discharges. Autonomic testing revealed truncal hyperhidrosis despite a low core temperature and distal impairment of sweating after raising core temperature. Urinary catecholamines were raised. Serial polysomnography in one patient showed initially no sleep, with eventual return of normal rhythms but loss of REM atonia and periodic limb movements. A PET study revealed hypometabolism in the left temporal and inferior frontal lobes in 1 patient. We conclude that Morvan's syndrome is an immune-mediated disorder causing hyperexcitability of the central and peripheral nervous systems, of either idiopathic or paraneoplastic origin. We speculate that the insomnia may result from interference with sleep onset at the level of the thalamus or locus ceru-leus.


The crystal structure of [Cu(phen)2(O2CMe)][ClO4]·2H2O (1), [Cu(phen)2(O2CMe)][NO3]·2H2O (2), and [Zn(phen)2(O2(CMe)][BF4]·2H2O (3) have been determined by X-ray analysis. Complex (1) crystallises in the monoclinic space group P2/c with a= 9.671(3), b= 8.282(3), c= 17.595(4)A, β= 109.63(2)°, and Z= 2; (2) crystallises in the triclinic space group P with a= 14.728(2), b= 10.499(2), c= 8.603(2)A, α= 104.19(5), β= 83.97(5), γ= 96.81(5)°, and Z= 2;(3) crystallises in the monoclinic space group P2/c with a= 9.659(2), b= 8.262(2), c= 17.651(2)A, β= 109.06(5)°, and Z= 2. The MN4O2 chromophore in all three complexes has a cis-octahedral stereochemistry. In (1) and (3) the metal atoms have C2 symmetry and in (1) there is a marked cis distortion of the Cu–O distances. In (2) a distortion of the CuN4O2 chromophore towards a square pyramidal (4 + 1 + 1*) stereochemistry is present. The polycrystalline e.s.r. spectra of (1) and (2) and of 10% copper(II)-doped (3) are temperature variable, consistent with a fluxional CuN4O2 chromophore stereochemistry. The temperature variability of the single-crystal e.s.r. spectra of (1), (2), and copper(II)-doped (3) is restricted to the CuN2O2 plane, consistent with two-dimensional fluxional behaviour. The electronic reflectance spectra of (1) and (2) involve two peaks at ca. 10 000 and ca. 14 000 cm–1 and relate to the underlying static CuN4O2(4 + 1 + 1*) chromophore stereochemistry.


The purpose of this research was to construct a conceptual model of volunteer interpreters' activity involvement, place attachment and satisfaction, and further to validate the goodness of fit index of the model by conducting a Structural Equation Modeling. A total of 422 valid questionnaires were collected through face-to-face survey with volunteers at the National Museum of Natural Science (NMNS). The results showed that the volunteers' activity involvement and place attachment positively and significantly influenced their satisfaction (γ=0.66, β=0.22); their activity involvement also positively and significantly influenced place attachment (γ=0.75). In other words, the levels of activity involvement had more influences on volunteers' satisfaction at NMNS than place attachment did. Based on the above results, some managerial suggestions for NMNS were proposed, including promoting volunteers' activity involvement and place attachment by encouraging them to develop their abilities and participate in various activities in NMNS, in order to enhance their satisfaction. Future research directions were also discussed.


Abstract : A total of 16 selected compounds which included some natural products as well as drugs known to be efficacious against other diseases were studied at various dosage levels and via various routes of administration in hamsters for antileishmanial efficacy against visceral leishmaniasis (Leishmania Leishmania donovani) and three of the same compounds were studied for activity against cutaneous leishmaniasis (Leishmania Vianni panamensis). None of these were efficacious against either leishmania but several were toxic to the host. Leishmanial cutaneous lesion development in golden hamsters is very helpful, along with other procedures, for the confirmation of the presence of Leishmania in cultures obtained by WRAIR from patients with suspected infections with these parasites. The infection of golden hamsters with several species of Leishmania of human origin (identified in other laboratories by biochemical typing as Leishmania Viannia panamensis, Leishmania Leishmania mexicana, and Leishmania Viannia braziliensis) resulted in clinical disease similar to that seen in human beings. Thus a laboratory animal model is now in place for the performance of drug sensitivity studies on these new isolates of Leishmania, some of which apparently had various degrees of susceptibility to current therapeutic drugs.


The growth of crime and violence, especially homicides in urban areas, has been a cause for concern and has provoked a sense of fear in society. In recent years, Brazil has entered the most violent group of society in the world, and today the country has very high rates of urban violence. Much is discussed about the problems of crimes and violence in Brazil and some experts point out the most varied causes for the problem, however, all agree that the main reason is the socioeconomic inequality due to the poor distribution of income, which is preponderant to the growth of violence in society. Unplanned population growth combined with the concentration of poverty are also factors that contribute to the growth of crime and violence, where there is no basic urban structure, such as housing, drinking water, sanitation and transportation. In addition, public policies did not follow the emergence of new demands. The objective of this work is to analyze the increasing increase in homicide rates in the Municipality of Praia Grande in the year 2016, and to evaluate if it can face the problem with preventive measures.


A subharmonic mixer (SHM), which is measured within the RF range 450–500 GHz, is presented. The SHM uses a single-balanced topology with optimized parameters for gas spectroscopy at 440–540 GHz. The differential RF input of the mixer core is transformed to a single-ended input using a Marchand balun. The mixer is designed using a 130-nm SiGe BiCMOS technology. The mixer shows a measured conversion loss of 8.5 dB and an estimated noise figure of 33 dB at 480 GHz, using −1 dBm local oscillator (LO) power. The conversion loss was quantified to be in the range of 7.5–12.5 dB at 450–500 GHz.


The ultrastructure of long‐term parathyroid autografts and their donor glands has been studied in nine patients with chronic renal failure. Autografts showed ultrastructural features of functional activity. Unusual findings included the presence of 'spironolactone‐like' concentric membranous bodies derived from the endoplasmic reticulum in one hyperplastic autograft and prominent intracellular intermediate filaments (tonofilaments) in the donor parathyroid gland and recurrent autograft growths in another patient.


A ZCT(Zero-Current-Transition) phase-shift full-bridge DC/DC converter is proposed.An active auxiliary circuit composed of capacitor and inductor is added at the primary winding side of converter.When switch state changes,the ZCS(Zero-Current-Switching) of main and auxiliary switches are realized,the switching loss caused by IGBT's tail current is eliminated and the reverse recovery loss of diode is reduced by controlling the resonant current of the active auxiliary circuit.To a certain extent,it suppresses the primary circumfluence waste and avoids the duty cycle loss of conventional ZVS(Zero-Voltage-Switching) full-bridge converter while the switch conducting loss does not increase.The detailed illustration of its operating principle and ZCS conditions are included,and the topology of the main circuit and the selection of its parameters are presented.The simulation according to the selected parameters is carried out,and the correctness of the circuit analysis and the feasibility are verified by the simulation results. The project is supported by the Natural Science Foundation of CQ CSTC(2006BB2218).


In any society or group, the behavior and manner of acting that are highly rated can be estimated based on the level of appreciation given by the group to that level of behavior. This reward system will be studied to show the kinds of behavior group members are expected to get by the group and the kinds of behavior that - through the reward system - will be strengthened and perpetuated in the group. The study of the wage and incentive systems of Japanese factories revealed very well the differences between Western industry and modern Japanese industry. The study also showed both the types and magnitude of the differences that underlie attitudes and behaviors that distinguish modern industry in Japan from that in the United States. In the following discussion, the wage system in one factory will be examined in detail to illustrate the particular central trend that appears in all studied factories. Since the monetary wage system for work performed is only a part of the entire wage system, it will also examine the general pattern of non-monetary benefits, welfare efforts, incentive programs for workers, using specific plans and costs of a particular factory.


This review article looks into possible mechanisms of neurocognitive effects of risperidone in patients with schizophrenia. Described are the results of clinical trials focusing on the impact of risperidone on neurocognitive deficit associated with dynamics of negative and positive symptoms of schizophrenia, comparative neurocognitive effects of risperidone and other antipsychotics of the first and second generation. The preliminary data are adduced confirming its favorable effect on neurocognitive indices of patients, commitment to low doses of risperidone in the maintenance phase of the pharmacotherapy of schizophrenia.


The aritcle surveys the material and social developmental constraints in the 21st century, with special emphasis on the development attainment and environmental impact of the countries of European semi-periphery. We survey the common global constraints on development practices, and position a selection of European countries by their development and environmental impact indices. The article provides a common framing for further theoretical and empirical contributions in the edited volume.


ln a study 01 intracranial metastases , 46 cases having satislactory clinical , operative and histological prools were analyzed by computerized tomography at Presbyterian Medical Center Irom 1982 to February 1986 The results were as lollows 67:33.


Y-Chromosome DYS392 Polymorphism Analysis in Two Population Samples from Central and Northern Italy U. Ricci, N. Cerri , F. De Ferrari , F. Vieri, S. Guarducci , C. Biondi , M.L. Ventruto, M.L. Giovannucci Uzielli 1 1 Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Department of Paediatrics, University of Florence, Via Masaccio 209, 50132 Florence, Italy 2 Institute of Forensic Medicine, University of Brescia, Spedali Civili, 25100 Brescia, Italy 3⁄41⁄23⁄41⁄23⁄41⁄23⁄41⁄23⁄41⁄23⁄41⁄23⁄41⁄23⁄41⁄23⁄41⁄23⁄41⁄23⁄41⁄23⁄41⁄23⁄41⁄23⁄41⁄23⁄41⁄23⁄41⁄23⁄41⁄23⁄41⁄23⁄41⁄23⁄41⁄23⁄41⁄23⁄41⁄23⁄41⁄23⁄41⁄23⁄41⁄23⁄41⁄23⁄4 Y-chromosome DNA polymorphisms are increasingly being used for various basic and applied researches. At our Centre, molecular analysis of the Y-chromosome is performed for several studies in the following fields: characterisation of specific regions of the Y-chromosome, in order to study the genotype-phenotype correlation in various genetic syndromes, in males and females; solution of forensic medicine problems using an increasing number of markers; populations genetics. information of great interest, and a continuously increasing data base, are obtained from the analysis of many tetra-, tri-, and di-nucleotide polymorphisms, from consistent and well chosen population groups. At present time we are especially studying six markers (DYS-19, DYS-388, DYS-390, DYS-391, DYS-392, DYS-393) suggested in the multicentric study by Kaiser, de Knijff et al.(1997). In this paper we report the results of our research on the distribution of the DYS-392 polymorphism in two population samples, respectively from areas of Florence (central Italy) and Brescia (Northen Italy). A total of 300 alleles were analysed, from non consanguineous subjects. The DNA was extracted from blood samples, using a saline method. PCR amplification was firstly monitored on horizontal agarose gel, followed by vertical PAGE (7M urea), gel electrophoresis and silver staining to detected the alleles. Therefore, the genotypes were combined with precedent database obtained for DYS19 locus to construct a preliminary haplotype.


This study aimed at surveying the constructed Indigenous knowledge systems databases for African Traditional medicine; learning their diversity features, common challenges and develops the missing information when constructing indigenous knowledge system for Tanzanian Traditional Medicine. According to the research presented by different scholars, there are more than 10 databases for African traditional plants medicine. The translation of biodiversity towards the new therapy has been a challenge towards creating the database for traditional medicine in Africa. This has led to most of the available database lack enough information on ethnopharmacological data. The effort towards the introduction of bioinformatics in most of the undergraduate circular gives the best direction towards developments of computational in pharmaceutical fields. By concluding, the development of global data in a single indigenous knowledge system may be impossible in view of the culture and biodiversity differences; efforts have to be given to specific regional areas and African museum should act as a center to link all indigenous knowledge systems. The need of using the collaborative approach for defining a common standard in medicinal plant database for knowledge sharing and scientific advancement is inevitable in developing a unified indigenous knowledge systems Database for African Traditional Medicine.


Limitations of the process on filing employee leave at the Ciawi Bogor sub-district office tend to be ineffective and inefficient so that in the process it makes both parties (employees and operators) have a difficulty. In addition to the leave filing files that are piled up, sometimes the operator forgets to process when there are employees who apply for leave. The research objective is to produce a web-based leave filing program so as to make it easy for users to apply for and process leave. The method of developing a software system uses the waterfall model. The results of the study in addition to displaying information about office activities or staffing on the main page, there are also facilities for filing leave, and changing the status of leave applications. Through this website employees had a view of information about the office activities and make the leave submission process online.


The dynamic behavior of granular materials such as granular silica (sand), technical ceramics, and porous geological substances has importance to a variety of engineering applications. Although the mechanical behaviors of sand and other granular ceramics have been studied extensively for several decades, the dynamic behavior of such materials remains poorly understood. This paper describes how instrumented electromagnetic tube compression driven by capacitive discharge can be used to measure compaction of porous materials at high and controlled strain rates. The technique relies on electromagnetically crushing a powder‐filled conductive tube. By measuring the current as a function of time and the tube displacement through Photon Doppler Velocimetry (PDV) sufficient data can be obtained to reveal the behavior of the porous material. The method will be described in detail and example data will be shown for compaction of silica sand.


The present invention relates to a support member for a front end module of a passenger car, which is set to load-bearing parts of the motor vehicle body and at least one cross member (16) at the level of an upper side member flat (14) and comprises a below this extending lower cross member (22) which on connecting elements (20) is held, wherein the cross member (16), the connecting elements (20) and the transverse member (22) are joined together to form a one-piece support member.


Mercuric iodide (HgI2) and lead iodide (PbI2) materials have been investigated for several years as direct converter layers for digital x-ray imaging applications. A difficult challenge of both lead iodide and mercuric iodide is the higher than desired leakage currents. These currents are influenced by different factors such as applied electrical field, layer thickness, layer density, electrode structure, material purity and by the deposition parameters. Minimizing the leakage current must also be achieved without adversely affecting charge transport, which plays a large role in gain and is influenced by these parameters. Other challenges relate to increasing film thickness without degrading electrical properties. This paper compares some imagers as the result of optimization process. We deposited the above materials on flat panel thin film transistor (TFT) arrays with 127 um pixel pitch. The imagers were evaluated for both radiographic and fluoroscopic imaging. Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) was measured as a function of the spatial frequency. The MTF data were compared to values published in the literature for indirect detector (CsI). Image lag characteristics of mercuric iodide appear adequate for fluoroscopic rates. The structure and x-ray diffraction data of the two materials were compared to explain the difference in image lag between them


In Database outsourcing paradigm, the authentication of the query results at the client r emains a challenging problem. Existing system focuses on the Outsourced Spatial Database (OSDB) model and propose an effici ent scheme, called VN-Auth, which allows a client to verify the correctness and completeness of the result set. Th is approach is based on neighborhood information derived from the Vorono i diagram of the underlying spatial data set and ca n h ndle fundamental spatial query types, such as k nearest neighbor and range queries, as well as more advance d qu ry types like reverse k nearest neighbor, aggregate nearest neigh bor, and spatial skyline. In VN-authentication fram ework system the authentication of the mobile clients usually have l ow selectivity (i.e., the user is interested in ver y few results) but require less time to response. If the query selectivity is high it requires more time for a response and it be comes the major difficult in VN-auth. Hence proposed Merkle Hash Tree (MHT)-based approac hes with VN-auth to reduce the time complexity when query selectivity is high. Merkle Hash Tree (MHT)-b ased approaches with VN-auth is named as VMN-Authen tication framework. The Merkle Hash Tree (MHT) tree is const ructed and signed by the certification authority an d then distributed to untrusted directory services. Entities wishing t o verify the validity of a certificate can query su ch a directory service and have confidence in the correctness of a response by using the returned data to verify the certificate uthority's signature. Also it reduces the complexity of the system. In th e extreme case where the client retrieves the whole database, the MHT approach would only return the root signatu re, while VN-Auth would need to return 6.n neighbor s, where n is the database cardinality.


We present a comprehensive understanding of the nonlinear absorption characteristics of CdSe-based nanoplatelets (NPLs) synthesized by the solution-phase method and the colloidal atomic layer deposition approach through Z-scan techniques at 532 nm with picosecond pulses. The CdSe NPLs exhibit strong two-photon induced free carrier absorption (effective three-photon absorption) upon the nonresonant excitation, resulting in a remarkable optical limiting behavior with the limiting threshold of approximately 75 GW/cm2. A nonlinear optical switching from saturable absorption (SA) to reverse saturable absorption (RSA) with increasing the laser intensity is observed when coating CdSe NPLs with a monolayer of CdS shell to realize the resonant absorption. The SA behavior originates from the ground state bleaching and the RSA behavior is attributed to the free carrier absorption. These findings explicitly demonstrate the potential applications of CdSe-based NPLs in nonlinear optoelectronics such as optical limiting devices, optical pulse compressors and optical switching devices.


In this paper, we propose an extension of three incomplete depth-first search techniques, namely depth-bounded backtrack search, credit search, and iterative broadening, towards producing incomplete solutions. We also propose a new cutoff strategy for incomplete depth-first search motivated by a human style of problem solving. This technique, called limited assignment number (LAN) search, is based on limiting the number of attempts tried to assign a value to the variable. A linear worst-case time complexity of LAN Search leads to promising stable time behavior in all accomplished experiments. The techniques are studied in the context of constraint satisfaction problems.


Through analysis the characters of track events education in institute of physical education the author put forward the shortage of traditional form. According to "structure -direction" theory the author showed the thought of direct branch of an organization and divided branch of an organization on the track events education in institute of physical education.


The Alwyn Gentry Award was established to recognize outstanding student papers presented at the annual meeting of the Association for Tropical Biology and Conservation. This year, at the Miami meeting, 55 oral presentations and 31 posters were enrolled in the Gentry competition. We are proud to announce the winners of this year's awards. Nathan Muchhala received the award for his oral presentation entitled "The role of pollinators in the evolution of floral morphology: bats, birds, and Burmeistera." The best poster award goes to Carlos Garcia-Robledo and Floria Mora-Kepfer for their poster on "Assymetric pollen flow and morph reproductive function in the distylous herb Arctophyllum lavarum." Both winners are students in the Department of Biology at the University of Miami. The winners will receive a year's subscription to Biotropica, a cash award from ATBC, a book grant from the University of Chicago Press, and an honorarium to recognize their efforts. On behalf of the ATBC, I wish to congratulate them all.


CELL BIOLOGY
Eukaryotic cells contain a dynamic array of cytoskeletal elements—microtubules—that organize key events in the cell's life cycle, including cell division. The regulation of microtubule polymerization and depolymerization, processes that both occur at the so-called plus ends of


In this paper the eeect of bounded input perturbation on the stability of nonlinear globally asymptotically stable delay diierential equations is analyzed. We investigate under which conditions global stability is preserved and if not, whether semi-global stabilization is possible by reducing the size of the perturbation or modifying its shape. This results in a general framework, in which the stabilization of partial linear cascade systems using partial state feedback can be treated systematically.


Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) has proved its efficiency for displacement monitoring in urban areas. However, the large volume of data generated by this technology turns the retrieval of information useful for structure monitoring into a big data problem. In this study, a new tool (SARClust) to analyze InSAR displacement time series is proposed. The tool performs the clustering of persistent scatterers (PSs) based on dissimilarities between their displacement time series evaluated through dynamic time warping. This strategy leads to the formation of clusters containing PSs with similar displacements, which can be analyzed together, reducing data dimensionality, and facilitating the identification of displacement patterns potentially related to structural damage. A proof of concept was performed for downtown Lisbon, Portugal, where ten distinct displacement patterns were identified. A relationship between clusters presenting centimeter-level displacements and buildings located on steep slopes was observed. The results were validated through visual inspections and comparison with another tool for time series analysis. Agreement was found in both cases. The innovation in this study is the attention brought to SARClust's ability to (i) analyze vertical and horizontal displacements simultaneously, using an unsupervised procedure, and (ii) characterize PSs assisting the displacement interpretation. The main finding is the strategy to identify signs of structure damage, even on isolated buildings, in a large amount of InSAR data. In conclusion, SARClust is of the utmost importance to detect potential signs of structural damage in InSAR displacement time series, supporting structure safety experts in more efficient and sustainable monitoring tasks.


We suppose that a risk business issues a single type of contract under which, in return for a unit "premium", it will pay a "sum insured" m (m being an integer) on the occurrence of a contingency of probability q ˂ ½. The expected gain on each contract is i—mq and is assumed to be positive. This type of enterprise is conveniently denominated a simple risk business. Two "real life" situations it simulates are those of a group life policy for a uniform amount covering a number of young lives (e.g., university students), and a roulette casino where the stakes are uniform and the bets are limited to the single numbers o to 36. The risk business is supposed to commence its operations with a "risk reserve" of K units. Each premium is added to this reserve as it is received and all claims by contract holders are paid there-from. We say that the business is "ruined" as soon as the risk reserve becomes zero or negative (though it could be argued that it would be unethical to accept a premium once the risk reserve is less than m — 1). On the other hand, if the reserve reaches an amount M units no further premiums are paid into it until a claim occurs to reduce it below M (de Finetti, 1957). The risk business intends to continue its operations for a long, but finite, period unless ruined in the meantime. We consider two probabilities: (i) υx, the chance of eventual ruin given that the risk reserve is now x, and (ii) υx, n, the probability that ruin occurs as a result of the nth contract (simultaneous contracts being ranked in a prearranged, e.g., alphabetical, order). Clearly and we will write I — νx=μx


We study the strong rate of convergence of the tamed Euler- Maruyama approximation for one-dimensional stochastic dierential equa- tions with superlinearly growing drift and Holder continuous diusion coecients.


The epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT) is a major discovery of cytobiology in recent years.It plays physiologic roles in the embryogenesis,wound healing,and tissue regeneration.In terms of pathological direction,it causes organ fibrosis,cancer development,progression,metastasis,and chemoresistance.The EMT-related research became a hot topic in clinical and basic research area which has a far-reaching influence on diseases prevention and control.Recently,the underlying mechanism of EMT and numerous EMT regulators have been identified.Pharmaceutical treatment strategies target EMT pathway could be applied for the prevention of tissue fibrosis and cancer progression.In the area of gastroenterology,profuse evidences have been collected about the critical roles of EMT in cancers of the gastrointestinal tract,liver,and pancreas and hepatic fibrosis.However,EMT varies widely among different cancer types,and much remains to be identified about the main regulators of EMT in a specific disease.In this review,we present recent researches regarding the roles of EMT in cancers and organic fibrosis in the area of gastroenterology.


Advances in modern technologies reform medical education in various aspects, and physicians undergo progressively more rigorous and specialized technical training to meet the needs of a modern society that demands cure and longer life-expectancy. However, as we celebrate these advances in modern medicine and medical education, we should not neglect the human aspect of this doctoring profession. Physicians and prevalent medical pedagogies are not impeccable. Many studies discovered mitigated physical exam and observational ability in contemporary physicians. Since 2001, medical schools and residency programs experimented with using art to teach physical examination and observational skills. Participants embraced such programs enthusiastically. Quantitative and qualitative results suggested art is not only a powerful aid to teach observational skills, but also empathy, acceptance of ambiguity, and teambuilding.


The discouse of Aristotle's rule of law and rule ofone man isn't the special strategies about governing a country, but to explain the advantages and disadvantages of the political system of a plenary sovereign.In the present article, "rule of one man" means the form of political system,not the way of governing a nation. Aristotle maintained that the reverse of "rule of law" was "rule of men", not "rule of one man". His "rule of men" is the means of governing a country, which isn't restricted by law but by the af fect of monarch. Not only is "rule of men" existed in the political system rul ed by one person, but also existed in the political system ruled by many people.


Equine neonatal isoerthrolysis (ENI) caused by incompatibilty of blood group alloantigens between a mare and foal has been detected by the indirect antiglobulin test (coombs test) with polyclonal anti-horse γ-globulinan tibody (pAb). However, since this pAb recognizes not only the incompatible antibodies causing ENI (ENI-causing antibody), but other antibodies specific for blood group as specific antigens, the positivity for antibodies in mare serum becomes higher in routine testing.Although newborn foals of positive mares have been prevented from developing serious icterus diseases by withholding the colostrum for a certain period of time, failure of passive antibody transfer (FPT) is a problem. Accordingly, monoclonalanti-horser-globulinantibodies(MonoclonalAbs) with higher specificity for the ENI-causing antibodies were developed by a cell fusion technique.Forty cell lines which produce Monoclonal Abs specific to horse r-globulin were cloned. The Monoclonal Abs from 19 of these cell lines could specifically hemagglutinate the erthrocytes sensitized with the ENI-causing antibodies. The following panel names were given to the 19 Monoclonal Abs : TS-1-TS-5, TS-8-TS-12, A-1-A-3 and G-1-G-6, respectively. The panel of Monoclonal Abs which showed the strongest affinity for the ENI-causing antibodies were TS-4, TS-10, A-1, A-2 and G -1. As a result of clinical testing to prevent ENI in the past three years, the positive rate for mares in the coombs test with Monoclonal Abs (Monoclonal Ab reagents mixed with TS-4 and TS-10 panels) has been significantly decreased in comparison with the results by pAb. These Monoclonal Abs are available for prohylactic for ENI


Planning the operation of electrical power systems and running them under optimal conditions is essential as the daily demand for energy rises. Thermal generation units provide the majority of the world's required electrical energy. Meeting energy demand while keeping thermal generation units' fuel costs to a minimum is the foundation of the economic distribution challenge. The economic dispatch problem is addressed in this research, and a new heuristic approach, the honey badger algorithm (HBA), is proposed to address it. Using a case study from Turkey, the suggested HBA was put through its paces. The efficiency of the suggested algorithm has been evaluated in comparison to other approaches. These include the genetic algorithm (GA), the simulated annealing (SA), and the crow search algorithm (CSA). The results demonstrate that the proposed HBA outperforms competing approaches in terms of operational success. Thus, the suggested HBA yielded daily profits of $17.9736 and annual profits of $6,740.496. Simultaneously, the proposed HBA method decreases the system's reliance on fuel while in operation and decreases the emission of hazardous gases from heat generation units.


This work deals with the social integration of East German people who legally crossed the border in 1984 to join the Western part. At that time, they had to apply for a 'Ausreiseantrag' by the East German authorities. Before they get a final approval they sometimes had to remain a few years on a waiting list. Most of them were under 40 years old and fit to work. They shouldn't have been faced with integration issues due to their ability to find a job and hence to obtain a material security. However, a typology research conducted in 1989 shows that from a 'friendship' type, people at that time turned into an 'isolation' type vs the West German society. Indeed 'former' East German Uebersiedler were not hurt by their limited social relations in their Western life. What really mattered to them was their professional success and their capacity to reach a good standard of living. Their isolation was considered as a compensation for their new comfort. That's the reason why they adopt this part of Germany as their own country and behave as normal West German citizens. They have consciously rejected their East German connections.


Abstract The development of the Registered Veterinary Nurse's (RVN's) role has progressed greatly within recent years with the establishment of the Veterinary Nurse Charter in February 2015, which enforces and strengthens the profession making RVNs autonomous and self-regulating. With this newly achieved autonomy, RVNs need to provide gold-standard care relative to recent, appropriate literature. An important aspect of this is monitoring pain in post-operative patients. As veterinary professionals there is an ethical and legal obligation to identify and treat pain where required.


The war in Ukraine has now motivated a lot of interest on how wars are related to ongoing concerns with climate change [1]. This is following a couple of decades of discussions on the relationship of armed or violent conflicts with climate and climate change [2–18]. The current attention on how climate change can increase the damage caused by armed conflicts is ultimately motivated by theories that suggest that resource availability and access are the root causes of most violent conflicts [19, 20] because climate change is expected to have serious implications for resource access and availability for the fast-growing global human population [6]. However, the increasing attention on the topic has so far failed to properly acknowledge the acute shortage of primary, empirical data in this area of research. A lot of the current interest in this topic is spurred by the availability of mostly country-scale data on climate and conflicts that don't take into account spatial variability of resource availability, demographics (including ethnicity, income levels, etc.), and climate at national and regional scales [10]. Theisen and coworkers [8], for example, conducted a review of the available literature that provides empirical analyses on how climate or environmental change is related to intrastate conflicts. They reported that major gaps in research still exist, and that our current understanding of how climate change may be contributing to armed conflicts is, at best, incomplete. Similarly, Solow [6] argued that scientists from different fields should come together to address major knowledge gaps in this area of study. Both works rightfully highlight that the reasons why conflicts are waged are complex [6, 8]. Conflicts in different ecosystems also lead to a complex set of humanitarian and environmental impacts [21, 22]. With the growing interest in the topic, it is important to acknowledge that any attempt to make sweeping conclusions on this complex issue that has huge socio-economic and political sources and implications [23] is rightfully going to be met with warnings for caution [7, 23– 26]. The same studies that highlight that climate change will lead to increased stresses on the already limited natural resource base globally, and can compromise human security and governance also state that, currently, the availability of empirical data to demonstrate the strength of the direct or indirect relationship between environmental change and violent conflicts remains limited [8]. So far, there has been very limited primary, scientific analysis of the impacts of conflicts on the health of ecosystems and the ability of natural ecosystems to continue to provide critical ecosystem services such as food production, biodiversity, and availability and sustainable use of other natural resources during or after conflicts. The two-way relationship between resource availability and armed conflicts is well theorized and studied in social science literature [19]. However, in spite of some dramatic (for example, from burning oil wells in Kuwait [27] and fear of a nuclear war aftermath [28]), and subtle (for example, from landmines PLOS CLIMATE


The utility model discloses a gear shaving fixture for timing gears of crankshafts. The gear shaving fixture comprises a gear shaving mandrel, a pressing sleeve and a pressing cover are slidably mounted on the gear shaving mandrel, the pressing sleeve covers a front gear face of a timing gear of a crankshaft, the pressing cover covers a rear gear face of the timing gear of the crankshaft, a positioning sleeve is arranged in the center of the pressing cover, an expansion sleeve which clings to the inner wall of a central through hole of the timing gear of the crankshaft and is in the shape of a spring sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the positioning sleeve, a jacking sleeve which is mounted on the gear shaving mandrel is arranged in the pressing sleeve, and a gasket which separates the positioning sleeve from the jacking sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the head end of the positioning sleeve. The gear shaving fixture has the advantages that the positioning precision is sufficiently guaranteed, and a gear shaving machining effect is improved for the timing gear of the crankshaft.


This paper presents an analysis of bound variable pronouns in English using Synchronous Tree Adjoining Grammar. Bound variables are represented as multi-component sets, composing in delayed tree-local derivations. We propose that the observed anti-locality restriction on English bound variables can be formalised in terms of a constraint on the delay in the composition of the bound variable multi-component set. While most cases are captured in a derivation making use of two simultaneous delays, maintaining weak equivalence with flexible composition, our analysis is open to derivations with an unlimited number of simultaneous delays.