Spin‐charge interconversion phenomena at the interface between magnetic materials and topological insulators (TIs) are attracting enormous interest in the research effort toward the development of fast and ultra‐low power devices for future information and communication technology. A large spin‐to‐charge (S2C) conversion efficiency in Au/Co/Au/Sb2Te3/Si(111) heterostructures based on Sb2Te3 TIs grown by metal–organic chemical vapor deposition on 4″ Si(111) substrates is reported. By conducting room temperature spin pumping ferromagnetic resonance, a 250% enhanced charge current due to spin pumping in the Sb2Te3‐containing system is measured when compared to the reference Au/Co/Au/Si(111). The corresponding inverse Edelstein effect length λIEE ranges from 0.28 to 0.61 nm, depending on the adopted methodological analysis, with the upper value being so far the largest observed for the second generation of 3D chalcogenide‐based TIs. These results open the path toward the use of chemical methods to produce TIs on large area Si substrates and characterized by highly performing S2C conversion, thus marking a milestone toward future technology‐transfer.


In order to effectively solve the uncertainty small-samples fault diagnosis problem, a practical data-driven grey-based fault detection and diagnosis (FDD) method for complex equipments is investigated. Firstly, an improved fuzzy-grey relational analysis (FGRA) technique is proposed by introducing dynamic identification coefficient and fuzzy relational weight. Compared with the traditional Deng's grey relational analysis (DGRA) technique, the proposed FGRA technique not only can strengthen the veracity and reliability but also can reduce the dependence of uncertain man-made identification and weight coefficient. Secondly, a simple and practical FGRA-based fault diagnosis process is designed. It belongs to a data-driven analytic method which does not need to consider the either statistic assumptions or distributions of diagnosis variables. Finally, the validity and practicability of the proposed FGRA-based method is demonstrated by a example of rotor fault diagnosis, and the results show that the proposed method is more effective than the DGRA-based method.


In allusion to quality problems statistics of armored equipments arise in production, the quantity and types of faults have been numerically analyzed by using mathematical statistics method and MATLAB software; the quality formatting rules of the production of the first batch of large and sophisticated armored equipments have been studied; the measure to shorten the quality stabilization period of equipments has been validated. The confidence intervals resulting from statistics can be used to evaluate the quality of product as a significant criterion. Meanwhile, the process control and other methods should be taken to ensure the quality of products. Quality inspection should be done before mass production to avoid problems in design and production.


The influence of shrinkage crack on chloride ion penetration and carbonation of concrete is investigated.The concrete samples with shrinkage crack of 0.07 mm,0.1 mm,0.2 mm,0.4 mm and 0.62 mm are prepared,and both an accelerated carbonation test and Qingdao sea water corrosion test are conducted on sound concrete and cracked concretes.The depths of carbonation,the content of free chloride and total chloride in crack zone and perimeter zone of concrete are analyzed.The enperimental result shows that both free chloride and total chloride content in cracked concrete increase with the rise of the shrinkage crack width,and they are related in quadratic function.The chloride penetration velocity in crack zone is higher than that in perimeter zone of concrete.However,the increased specific surface in shrinkage crack tip improves chloride binding capacity and decreases the free chloride content in this zone.When the shrinkage crack is less than 0.07mm,the carbonation depth in crack zone is same as that of sound concrete.The chloride diffusion coefficient and the carbonation depth of cracked concrete increase limited as the shrinkage crack is less than 0.1mm,and then increase significantly with the increasing of shrinkage cracked width.Moreover,the carbonation depth in crack zone is increased by 3mm in comparison with that in perimeter zone of cracked concrete.


ABSTRACT Objective Describe outcomes associated with bolus and continuous infusions of hypertonic saline (HTS) in children with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods IRB-approved, single-center, retrospective review of children admitted between January 1, 2012 to August 30, 2018 with a diagnosis of severe TBI who received HTS. Results Forty-five children (age 9.3 ± 5.8 yr; 60% male) met inclusion criteria. One-hundred eighty-nine equiosmolar bolus doses of HTS were administered to 43 patients (3% HTS, n = 84 doses; 6% HTS, n = 38 doses; 12% HTS, n = 67 doses) for episodes of acute intracranial hypertension (pressure above 20 mmHg). Significant reductions in ICP were observed at 30, 60, and 120 min following HTS boluses with the greatest decrease observed in patients receiving 12%. Thirty-four patients received a continuous infusion of HTS. Higher concentrations of HTS were associated with a more favorable fluid balance (p < .001), fewer episodes of pulmonary edema (p = .003), and higher intake of protein and energy (p < .001). Conclusions Equiosmolar bolus doses of concentrated HTS were associated with significant reductions in ICP. Benefits of higher concentrations of continuous HTS may include improved fluid balance, less pulmonary edema, and greater amounts of protein and energy intake.


As they focus on `doing it the right way the first time,' researchers are making more measurements and generally becoming more innovative. OVERVIEW: Nalco Chemical Company began its "quality journey" in 1986 by adopting parts of several Quality philosophies. Among these are the Deming measurement systems and the Juran problem-solving methodology. Yet, the Quality Process in research and development was sporadic. Change was needed to make it applicable to this discipline. The modification process followed seven steps consisting of: defining the problem, planning the solution, implementing a quick fix, identifying the root causes, taking corrective action, evaluating the corrective action, and holding the gains. At each step, tools (e.g., measurement, Pareto diagrams, process modeling) were applied. The tools focused attention on the root causes and guided the corrective actions. Some of the changes included: adoption of Quality Principles for Research and Development, and changes in recognition, measurement and communications. The end result was a Quality Improvement Process leading research and development to "do it the right way the first time." Nalco Chemical Company began the Quality Improvement Process in 1986. This initial stage was one of education and awareness. During this early stage, Quality Education as presented by Crosby was the cornerstone (1). As the various disciplines within the company (i.e., manufacturing, logistics, finance, human resources, marketing, sales and R&D) completed education, each was charged with applying the Quality Improvement Process. As they did so, it became increasingly apparent that modifications to the process and principles were necessary. In 1990, the Nalco R&D groups undertook a companywide survey of employees. An outside consultant firm was contracted to conduct the employee survey, which covered several topics including the Quality Process within R&D. The results of that survey, compiled in 1991, prompted the formation of a Quality Action Team (QAT). The QAT consisted of volunteers from the various organizational groups within Nalco R&D. Additionally, these individuals represented all levels of the organization as well as the management and technical ladders. Finally, the QAT was chaired by an R&D manager charged with reporting findings, recommendations and progress to the senior managers comprising the Research Management Team. Throughout the process, the QAT utilized the Nalco Seven Steps in Problem-Solving Methodology (2). The steps, shown in Figure 1, provide a systematic means to define, analyze and correct problems. Because this was not an emergency situation with immediate danger to life, property or the environment, Step 3 (Quick Fix) was omitted. Defining the Problem In the initial stage of problem solving, one must clearly define the problem. The employee survey guided the QAT in the definition of the problem. The results were taken from both written and oral responses from various members of the research community. Two employee quotes stand out in terms of directing the attention of the QAT toward the problem: In research, the coined phrase, "Do it right the first time" doesn't always apply to us. That is what I want to do, but I don't know how it applies. Research progresses by experimenting. This is how we find new products. In the initial stages, we don't know what is right the first time. That causes me some frustration. If it is a repetitive task, I can understand, but how do we apply quality to research? The second example of the problem with applying the Quality Improvement Process to R&D is expressed in this response: I have a difficult time seeing how the quality program fits in a research environment. I can see this in a repetitive environment, but I have a non-repetitive job, and the techniques do not apply to this. These quotes illustrate the general theme seen throughout the survey. …


and where we assume *>1 or *S1 and q>0. If all the functions g(x, y) referred to above are independent of y we speak of the case with independency, otherwise the case with dependency. If the argument of the above mentioned cosine does not contain y«(xo) (k=1, • • ■ , k) and if the choice * = 1 and q = 0 is excluded, we speak of the case with pure translations, otherwise mixed translations. The precise form of the system is given in §1.4. Throughout Part I we limit ourselves to the case with independency and pure translation and confine our attention to the asymptotic behavior of the systems (2). Although these systems may appear a bit novel at first glance, they represent a natural generalization of a system of two first order differential equations that arises upon a suitable polar coordinate transformation of the differential equation


This paper describes the concept of full function portable ventilator, which have low cost, minimum weight, compact, small-sized. It can easily operate by mobile application and that application able to measure PEEP pressure, tidal volume and flow rate. The essential components used are stepper motor, rack and pinion, motor driver, Nod MCU, Acrylic sheet, Battery etc. There are some open sources Hardware ventilator (OSM-MVs) have been used during COVID-19 Pandemic. The ventilator device breaths by compressing a convention bag-valve mask (BVM) with a help of Rack and Pinion, that eliminate the need of human operator for the BVM. Initially the prototype is built out by Acrylic Sheets, it is work as thermal insulator and it's approximately 20% better than glass. The measurement of portable ventilator is 9.8*4.7*7 inches (250*120*180) mm and weighting 2.20lbs (1.5kg). It is driven by the motor driver powered by a VDC battery. The sensors are used to operate it by a mobile operation for measurement of tidal volume, PEEP pressure etc. The design is made up of CAD software and also makes Ansys for this device. The experimental results taking after testing on artificial lung that where the Positive Inspiratory Pressure (PIP), respiratory rate (RR), tidal volume, Positive end- expiratory pressure (PEEP) and its accuracy exceeding human capabilities in BVM.


Introduction: Atrial fibrillation and flutter (AFF) create an intra-atrial stasis with the potential to cause thrombus formation and subsequent arterial and venous embolization. AFF is an establish...


Abstract - LNG(Liquefied Natural Gas) has been considered as the green energy. Thus, the demand of natural gas is keep increasing around the world, and various studies are actively under progress about the LNG storage tank. To calculate the seismic forces of actual LNG storage tank , FEM model has to include inner tank, outer tank, pile and soil to implement the interaction between structure and ground. So, this paper is represent the study about inner tank model of three cases using Malhotra method in EN 1998-4(European Standard). The results of calculation were compared, and the most suitable to inner tank model was suggested.Key words : EN code, LNG storage tank, Inner tank model, Convective component, Impulsive component, Base shear, Overturning moment 1) I. 서 론 LNG(Liquefied Natural Gas)는 타 화석연료에 비해 상대적으로 탄소배출량이 적은 환경 친화적 에너지로서, 전세계적으로 그 수요량이 계속 증가하고 있다. 이로부터 LNG를 저장하는 구조물인 LNG저장탱크에 대한 관심이 높아짐에 따라, LNG저장탱크에 대한 다양한 연구가 진행되고 있다. † Corresponding author:firstname.lastname@example.com Copyright ⓒ 2013 by The Korean Institute of Gas


We consider the effect of LLR saturation on belief propagation decoding of low-density parity-check codes. Saturation is commonly done in practice and is known to have a significant effect on error floor performance. Our focus is on threshold analysis and the stability of density evolution. We analyze the decoder for certain low-density parity-check code ensembles and show that belief propagation decoding generally degrades gracefully with saturation. Stability of density evolution is, on the other hand, rather strongly affected by saturation and the asymptotic qualitative effect of saturation is similar to reduction of variable node degree by one.


In the international derivatives market, the proportion of the OTC derivatives market is much higher than that of the OTC derivatives market. After the subprime mortgage crisis triggered by the lack of regulation of OTC financial derivatives, a series of financial control schemes were discussed after the G20 summit. There are still many problems with the regulation of OTC derivatives in China. The U.S. financial derivatives are of great reference value to the regulation of China. This paper analyzes the regulatory system of financial derivatives regulation in the United States. It discusses how China can effectively carry out financial regulation of OTC derivatives after the subprime crisis.


The purpose of the study was to establish the teachers perceived challenges on double session.  The study employed an interpretive research approach.  Participants for focus groups and in-depth interviews were selected through purposive sampling to come up with information rich participants.  Data were thematically analyzed in line with the qualitative research approach.  The study revealed that limited contact time during teaching and learning, difficulty in managing classrooms, poor pupil performance and the neglect of other curriculum subjects are the challenges faced by double-shift sessioning teachers in Gweru Urban.  The research recommended that governments support for double-shift sessioning schools, work shopping of teachers to have requisite skills in double-shift sessioning, infant to attend morning sessions only and building of more primary schools so that double-sessioning shift can be slowly phased out.


In March 1916, Alice Corbin Henderson— associate editor of Poetry magazine and urbane Chicagoan—was banished to a tuberculosis sanatorium in the remote mountains of Santa Fe, New Mexico, to live out the final year of her life. She was thirty-five years old. However, she remained alive until 1949, and she stayed in New Mexico until her death. Like many intellectuals, academics, artists, businessmen, and professionals who flocked to the mountains of the West and Southwest in the early twentieth century to seek a cure for one of the world's most debilitating and mortal diseases, she survived beyond expectation.1 Unlike most, Henderson helped to construct the place that brought her new life, both figuratively and literally. "I thought," she later said in an interview, "that I was coming to a desolate exile, and I found a new world of beauty."2 She helped to construct that "new world of beauty" at multiple levels of discourse: in the tourist pieces she wrote that con tributed to what folklorist Marta Weigle has called the "Disneyfication" of the Southwest, as well as in the position papers and articles she wrote for various organizations she helped to form and joined that collected, validated, and promoted— some would say medievalized and essentialized— the cultural productions of Hispano and Pueblo peoples. These include the Spanish Colonial Arts Society, the Indian Arts Fund, and the New Mexico Association of Indian Affairs.^ Before moving to New Mexico, Henderson had published two books of poetry. Her first was an adolescent's attempt at imitating the high Victorian mode, which is primarily of interest for the ambition it suggests on the part of a young midwestem woman at the turn of the twentieth century to make a name for herself in the arts. Her second, The Spinning Woman of the Sky, was published in 1912, the year she joined forces with Harriet Monroe to produce Poetry magazine. A more mature prod uct of her adult education in the world of the arts that she had joined


The effect of quantum fluctuations on the Peierls instability is investigated for two models, the Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model and the molecular model introduced by Holstein. The author finds for both models that when the ionic mass M not=0 the beta function has the form beta ( lambda R)=-(1-(1/N)f( lambda R/ alpha R)) lambda R2/ pi with alpha R being an invariant quantity alpha R=MR lambda Rexp(-2 pi / lambda R). This allows the study of the crossover behaviour M to 0 to M to infinity . In the limit M to 0 he obtains exactly the Gross-Neveau model (M=O) which has a Peierls gap for spin 1/2 (N=2). In the limit M to infinity the mean field Peierls gap is found. The molecular model with M=0 is different from the Gross-Neveau model (M=0). It is similar to the non-linear sigma model with the beta -function: beta ( lambda R)=-(1-2/N) lambda R2/ pi . In this case there is no Peierls gap for spin 1/2 (N=2) or for spinless (N=1) electrons. The analysis is performed in a 1/N expansion. The renormalisation group method is used to compute the beta -function with an anisotropic parameter alpha R which controls the crossover behaviour. The renormalisation functions are obtained by a dimensional regularisation method in 2- in dimensions where simple poles and in (1/ in ) are cancelled.


We study concretely how classical signals should be processed in quantum cluster-state computation. Deforming corresponding quantum teleportation circuit, we find a simple rule of a classical signal-flow to obtain correct quantum computation results.


In this paper we consider the situation where the typical assumptions underlying the EOQ model are appropriate for an item, in particular a reasonably level demand rate exists. However, opportunities for special replenishments at a reduced unit cost occur at random. The following type of 3-parameter policy is considered. When a non-special (regular) replenishment is made, an order-up-to-level, S1;, is used. When a special opportunity arises we only take advantage of it if the current inventory is low enough (L2 or lower) and we order enough to raise the inventory level to S1. This situation was modelled earlier in the literature, but the solution procedure suggested involved a 3-dimensional search on the three control parameters, S1,, L2, and S2. We develop an approximate solution method which is much easier to use and which performs excellently on a wide range of examples. The performance of an even more simple method, based on always taking advantage of a special opportunity to replenish at reduced unit...


This book addresses what to do when your product fails one or more EMC compliance tests. In other words, what do you do to diagnose and fix the problem using simple and inexpensive tools and equipment? The book is very well organized, which makes it easy to find what you need. The first two chapters cover basic EMC concepts. Then there is a chapter on instrumentation (spectrum analyzers, oscilloscopes, near field probes, and antennas etc.). The next seven chapters (Chapters 4 through 10) cover the different types of EMC measurements. This approach makes the book very easy to use; just go to the chapter for the EMC test you are interested in and all the information you need to diagnose and fix the problem is there. Each chapter covers both troubleshooting at the EMC test lab and troubleshooting at your facility. The book begins with the assumption that you failed one of the EMC tests at a test lab and then you use the techniques.


The hand is the part of the body most commonly injured while playing sports. Injuries range from simple sprains to complex fracture/dislocations, and they are sustained from contact with other players, balls, or equipment. Typically, the phalanges and metacarpals are most susceptible to injury. In a retrospective evaluation of approximately 7000 phalangeal fractures over a 20-year period, sports were the major cause of phalangeal fractures in the 10to 30-year age group. Sporting activities expose the hands to a variety of external forces that include hyperflexion or hyperextension, radial or ulnar stresses, torque forces, and axial loading. Although these forces are applied in several different sporting activities, they result in similar types of injuries. Certain sports re-create unique situations that expose athletes to the same stresses, resulting in injuries unique to that sport. For example, skier's thumb is a tear of the ulnar collateral ligament of the thumb that occurs when the thumb is hyperabducted by the ski pole during a fall. Boxers fracture the metacarpals of their thumbs or small digits as they strike an opponent with a fist. Football players suffer from "Jersey finger," which is a rupture of the flexor profundus tendon insertions of their fingers, particularly the ring finger. This injury is sustained when they grasp a player's jersey as that player pulls away. Lacrosse is a sport in which 10 players attempt to propel a rubber ball (7.75 to 8.0 inches in circumference and 5.0 to 5.25 ounces) into the opponent's goal while preventing the opponent from scoring on their own goal. Players use crosses made of wood or metal with a net on the end to control the ball. They use the crosses to pass, catch, shoot, scoop the ball from the ground, and check an opponent's crosse. Lacrosse is an action-packed sport in which players are subject to significant contact with other players, crosses, and the ball. As a result, players are required to wear basic protective devices such as helmets, facemasks, mouthpieces, gloves, shoulder pads, and arm pads. Goalkeepers, who must face oncoming players and shots on goal, must wear additional shin guards, chest protectors, and throat protectors; however, their hands are not afforded any more protection than a field player's hands. We have noted one particular type of injury sustained over a 24-month period in five thumbs of three goalkeepers of a National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I college lacrosse team. Two players sustained bilateral injuries, but in neither player were the injuries simultaneous. The player with unilateral involvement injured his dominant hand. Four injuries occurred to the hand at the top of the crosse shaft and one injury occurred to the hand at the base of the shaft. All five injuries were sustained from a direct impact of the ball against the tip of the thumb, transferring an axial load across the interphalangeal joint. The load resulted in a fracture of the distal phalanx at the interphalangeal joint in four of the injuries and at the proximal phalanx in one of the injuries. All five fractures resulted in acceptable outcomes. However, we believe that these injuries may be avoided with equipment better designed to protect the thumb, such as a molded plastic insert covering the tip and dorsum of the thumb or a custom-made glove with a more rigid thumb casing.


1. INTRODUCTION With the advancement of technology, computer hardware and software have become essential tools not only for science and engineering fields, but also for business and liberal arts disciplines. For example, in physiology, computers have been used to assist psychological assessment (Fowler, 1985, p.748); in the business world, computers have made e-commerce the norm; in biology, computer programs have been developed to estimate gene genealogies (Clement, 2000, p.1657). To be successful in their academic studies and in their future career, today's students need to be able to adapt to a dynamic environment surrounded by new technologies. Thus, basic computer literacy is not enough to stay competitive in the current workforce. It has become essential that students develop a deeper understanding about computing and adequately apply computing skills, such as creating and manipulating digital graphics. More importantly, the problem solving skills and critical thinking ability developed and honed through the application of these computing skills are crucial to a student's future success in the face of constantly evolving technology regardless of their major. The traditional programming language courses are usually considered to be effective in fostering these skills. However, learning how to program in a language such as Java or C++ has been proven to be difficult, even for computing majors (Bennedsen & Caspersen, 2007, p.32) (Dodds et al., 2008, p.266). As a result, enrollment and retention rates in computer science (CS) and information technology (IT) programs have suffered (Uludag et al, 2011, p.183) (Computing Research Association, 2011) and students therefore lose out on prime opportunities to develop their problem solving skills and critical thinking ability. Researchers have investigated and discovered that traditional programming courses fail to connect programming and CS concepts with students' diverse interests and backgrounds (Forte & Guzdial, 2005, p.248). The authors of this paper also observed that the strict syntax of traditional programming languages become the primary focus of the course and as a result students are unintentionally discouraged from solving problems and from expressing their creativity. This phenomenon is even more prevalent among students in programming courses that are not majoring in CS. Various researchers have attempted to develop different strategies to improve student performance in introductory programming courses. These strategies include: a) Addressing the issue from the social aspect by applying pair-programming (Nagappan et al., 2003, p359) (Williams et al., 2000, p.98) (Carver et al., 2007, p.115) (McDowell et. al, 2006, p.136) and collaborative learning (Teague & Roe, 2008, p.147). b) Increasing students' interest in CS by using themes that are attractive to students. Successful results have been reported by using multimedia approach (Guzdial & Ericson, 2007), game approach (Kolling & Herriksen, 2005, p59), and animation approach (Crawford & Boese, 2006, p.156). c) Using visualized programming to introduce core concepts before more advanced and in-depth courses are offered (Johnsgard & McDonald 2008, p. 129). In support of this strategy, many visualized programming tools have been developed. Popular ones include: 1. Scratch: This tool provides an environment where users can create animations, games and music by dragging and dropping the pre-defined programming blocks in the right places. The original targeted audience was young users aged 8 to 16 years (Malan & Leitner, 2007, p.223). The use of Scratch (Rizvi et al., 2011, p.19) has enabled the development of a successful CS curriculum and an interdisciplinary course to promote computational thinking (Ruthmann et al., 2010, p.351). 2. Alice: Alice provides 3-dimensional characters, scenes and environments that users can manipulate and alter to create their own interactive animated stories. …


The linewidth in the EPR spectra of ${\mathrm{Cr}}^{3+}$ ions in yttrium aluminum garnet single crystals is investigated at room temperature, and an anisotropic line broadening is observed. The characteristics of broadening resulting from the mosaic effect, internal strains, and fluctuations in the crystalline field parameter CFP are analyzed. A reasonable fit to experimental data is obtained using the hybrid model wherein the mosaic effect, internal strains, and fluctuations in CFP were considered, and the results indicate that the internal strains and fluctuations in CFP are the dominant contributions to linewidth, and the mosaic effect is negligible. The effect of the internal strains caused by impurities in the crystal on linewidth is discussed.


For savers, the quality of an investment is measured by the efficiency with which it defers purchasing power to the future. This efficiency can in turn be measured by the real rate of return after tax (discounting for inflation) obtained on the investment.Two main factors affect the real rate of return after tax: the allocation and management of assets, and tax planning.Using a simple but realistic model, we show that, given the generally high levels of taxation and the nominal nature of the tax system, tax planning represents a source of value creation of roughly the same importance as the allocation and management of assets.That does not mean that tax considerations should play an exclusive or even dominant role in wealth management, as many examples of misleading tax incentives show. But the high levels of taxation on wealth and its yield now imposed in many countries mean that tax aspects cannot be overlooked.


Wireless-electrodeless high-frequency quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) was developed for monitoring biochemical reactions in real time without using any labeling procedures. The analytical vibrational calculation for a multilayered plate showed that the QCM sensitivity signi fi cantly deteriorates when metallic electrodes are present on the crystal surfaces, indicating the importance of an electrodeless QCM biosensor. The 30-µ m thick electrodeless QCM immunosensor was excited and its mechanical vibration was detected contactlessly by the antenna located outside the QCM cells. The homebuilt QCM system was used to detect human immunoglobulin G (hIgG) via staphylococcal protein A (SPA) immobilized on the crystal surface and to demonstrate higher sensitivity of the electrodeless QCM than that of the conventional QCM. The 30 µ m thick QCM, showing 54 MHz fundamental frequency, successfully monitored the hIgG-SPA binding reaction for the hIgG concentration of 100 pg/mL.


The aim of this bachelor thesis was to create marketing plan, it means describing internal situation in the firm, performing a market research, which refers to an overall evaluation of 45th International film fest for children and youth, determining of marketing strategy on the market of services, suggesting of action plan, budget and control process of overall marketing plan.


In recent times in Western Europe private tutoring has grown considerably and has become increasingly evident. Social competition, school performance rankings, examination-based learning, the pressures transmitted to families and children along with the cuts in public funding for education have been strong driving forces for the expansion of private tutoring.
The first purpose of this study is to gain an understanding of the nature of private tutoring among students in the secondary school in Canton Ticino, the Italian speaking region of Switzerland, on the basis of the analysis of PISA 2009 data. With 37.5% of students who during their 3rd-4th year at lower secondary school have taken at least occasionally private tutoring, Ticino ranks 4th in Switzerland and this position seems to be positively correlated with the level of inequality measured by the Gini Index: where there is a high level
of inequality, access to resources becomes of crucial importance and a sort of rush towards private tutoring is registered.
The second purpose is to test, using logistic regression models, the hypothesis that, other things being equal, private tutoring is not a peculiarity of those families who do not own the intellectual resources to help their children at school, but on the contrary, is typical of the higher socio-economic and better educated groups, who do their utmost to maintain their competitive advantages and to prevent the risk of downwarding mobility of their children. This hypothesis derives from the theory of credentialism according to which the upper classes try to facilitate their children to achieve educational credentials necessary for monopolizing access to lucrative positions. The role of the relation between the student and of his/her teachers and his/her satisfaction with school seem rather marginal and a more in–depth investigation on class climate and on parents' attitudes towards school is required.


Mr.Zhou Gengsheng is a worldrenowned scholar of international law.He was a patriotic and pursued progress and had studied in Europe and the United States.His commitment to academic research and teaching is fruitful.He founded and chaired several of China's leading universities,which made contribution to the development of higher education.Zhou Gengsheng's "internationallaw"and aseriesofinternationallegalwritings have amajor impact in the internationalarena,and he became one of the founders of international law and diplomacy in People's Republic of China.He offered advice and suggestions,which helped new China to develop the basic diplomatic policy.


A wide class of problems in combinatorics, computer science and physics can be described along the following lines. There are a large number of variables ranging over a finite domain that interact through constraints that each bind a few variables and either encourage or discourage certain value combinations. Examples include the k‐SAT problem or the Ising model. Such models naturally induce a Gibbs measure on the set of assignments, which is characterised by its partition function. The present paper deals with the partition function of problems where the interactions between variables and constraints are induced by a sparse random (hyper)graph. According to physics predictions, a generic recipe called the "replica symmetric cavity method" yields the correct value of the partition function if the underlying model enjoys certain properties [Krzkala et al., PNAS (2007) 10318–10323]. Guided by this conjecture, we prove general sufficient conditions for the success of the cavity method. The proofs are based on a "regularity lemma" for probability measures on sets of the form Ωn for a finite Ω and a large n that may be of independent interest. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Random Struct. Alg., 49, 694–741, 2016


(57) ABSTRACT Formulations for dry storage of PCR reagents are described. These formulations find use in manufacture of self-contained microfluidic card devices for PCR clinical testing in which the reagents are reconstituted at the point of testing. In these cards, TAQ polymerase is stored "on-board in vitrified dry form without lyophilization or freezing, and is reconstituted by either the sample or a sample eluate during the assay. 20 Claims, 4 Drawing Sheets Int. C. CI2N 9/96 (2006.01) CI2O 1/70 (2006.01) CI2N 9/12 (2006.01) BOIL 3/OO (2006.01) U.S. C. CPC ............... CI2N 9/96 (2013.01); B0IL 2200/16 (2013.01); C12N 9/1252 (2013.01); B0IL 3/5027 (2013.01) USPC .......................................... 435/188: 435/6.12


Poverty is a scourge affecting most of the sub-Saharan countries including Niger Republic. Consequently, poverty reduction has become a noble objective for most governments and many non- governmental organizations. This study examines the role of "Yarda" microcredit scheme in poverty reduction in the Tarka valley area of Niger Republic. Data were generated from sixty micro credit beneficiaries using multi-stage sampling technique. Descriptive statistics and Foster-Greer-Thorbecke's headcount index measure of poverty were used to analyze the data. Despite some problems encountered by both micro credit beneficiaries and administrator, majority of loan beneficiaries have had their livelihood and household food security increased. It is suggested that for "Yarda" micro credit scheme to reduce poverty more effectively, loan size and repayment period should be increased especially for the very poor. Loan repayment should coincide with the period when income is normally generated from the activity for which the loan is used. Furthermore, loan should be provided according to the debt carrying capacity of each member of the (borrowers) group.


Abstract The research problem has emerged in light of the weakness of housing enabling measures in Iraq, and the lack of clarity of its formulas and levels. The aim of this research is to define objective frameworks that contain flexible formulas for the possible levels of housing enabling in light of the current situation and its future expectations. This has led to a hypothesis: housing enabling, as a method, will be efficient if put on the principles of flexibility and sustainability that ensure consistency and objectivity. Concepts of housing enabling were reviewed, the study concluded that: enabling is a philosophy and vision, translated into a method and a strategy; the vision is that the provision of housing is a participatory necessity, and the method is that enabling is a part of the housing process, with constituents, practical mechanisms and operational alternatives. Accordingly, the research proposed a formula for an enabling method with six constituents and some procedural mechanisms, as well as four alternatives of the types of housing projects to implement. This empirical model formula was applied in practice to the National Housing Policy in Iraq 2010, showing that the practical procedures of the national policy were very close to the constituents and the operational alternatives of the proposed method except for some partial details of the mechanisms, in addition one of the operational alternative is not covered that is type of developing housing projects. Finally, the research recommends reviewing housing enabling measures in the light of a comprehensive housing strategy.


For the problems of electric vehicle regenerative braking, an improved parallel braking control strategy model at Cruise and Matlab/Simulink co-simulation environment was established under the braking constraints. Then UDC cycle is used to verify the performance of brake control strategy. The simulation results show that the improved parallel braking control strategy can optimize the brake force distribution, and maximize the braking energy recovery under ensuring the best braking performance, so the braking performance is improved and meanwhile the vehicle economy is largely enhanced.


The Problem of Old Evidence has troubled Bayesians ever since Clark Glymour first presented it in 1980. Several solutions have been proposed, but all of them have drawbacks and none of them is considered to be the definite solution. In this article, I propose a new solution which combines several old ideas with a new one. It circumvents the crucial omniscience problem in an elegant way and leads to a considerable confirmation of the hypothesis in question.


Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture IMTA is an environmentally friendly solution and sustainability of aquaculture or aquaculture. IMTA is one form of marine cultivation by utilizing the provision of ecosystem services by low trophic organisms (such as shellfish and seaweed) that are adjusted as mitigation of waste from high trophic level organisms (such as fish). The blue economy is closely related to marine and marinebased sectors, such as the fisheries, transportation and tourism sectors. The survival of marine biota as food ingredients and livelihoods for people around the sea is a blue economic focus to reduce poverty and hunger. Coastal Open-Water modelling of IMTA in Indonesia is very appropriate to be carried out in coastal or coral areas because the area has been damaged due to aquaculture or fishing activities that are not environmentally friendly and environmentally friendly. So that IMTA can be applied on the Indonesian coast with innovation and creativity in order to improve seaweed cultivation that is efficient, environmentally friendly, utilizing other ecosystems that are mutually beneficial, improving the economic welfare of the community, and availability for a long time in accordance with the concept of blue economy.


This introductory article discusses the topic of coproduction and outlines the special issue. In particular, we explain some different uses of the concept of coproduction, outline our focus on coproduction as the collaboration between public service agents and citizen-users in the provision of public services, and contextualize coproduction, specifically looking at the legal context in which coproduction takes places. We then portray the international collaboration that has been set up within the International Institute of Administrative Sciences (IIAS) Study Group on Coproduction of Public Services. Next, we highlight the included articles and explain what they teach us about coproduction and what we must still learn.


Intended movement can now be decoded in real time from neural activity recorded via intracortical microelectrodes implanted in motor areas of the brain. This opens up the possibility that severely paralyzed individuals may be able to use their extracted movement commands to control various assistive devices directly. Even direct control of one's own paralyzed limbs may be possible by combining brain recording and decoding technologies with functional electrical stimulation systems that generate movement in paralyzed limbs by applying low levels of current to the peripheral nerves. However, the microelectrode arrays can record only a small fraction of the neurons that normally are used to control movement, and we are unable to decode the user's desired movement without errors. This chapter discusses experiments in which a monkey used its cortical signals to control the movements of a 3D cursor and a robotic arm in real time. Both consistent errors and random errors were seen when decoding intended movement. However, the animal learned to compensate for consistent decoding errors by making feed-forward adjustments to its motor plan. The animal also learned to compensate for random decoding errors by using visual feedback to make online error corrections to the evolving movement trajectories. This ability to compensate for imperfect decoding suggests intracortical signals may be quite useful for assistive device control even if the current technology does not perfectly extract the users native movement commands.


A new coordination polymer, [Zn2(m-bix)(p-bdc)2] (1), was synthesized under hydrothermal conditions by a reaction of 1,3-bis(imidazol-1-ylmethyl)benzene (m-bix), 1,3-benzenedicarboxylic acid (H2p-bdc) and Zn(NO3)2. The colorless block crystals of complex 1 (C30H22N4O8Zn2) belong to the triclinic system, space group P1 with a = 10.213(2), b = 12.052(2), c = 12.392(3) A, α = 82.97(3), β = 76.04(3), γ = 78.02(3), V = 1443.8(5) A, Z = 2, Dc = 1.604 g/cm, Mr = 697.26, F(000) = 708, R = 0.0403 and wR = 0.0907 for 4886 observed reflections (I > 2σ(I)). In 1, the tetrahedral Zn cations are linked by [p-bdc] anions into 2D sq1 networks, which are further connected by bix ligands forming an interesting 2-fold 4,4-connected mog-type 3D network with a point symbol of {4·6·8}{4·6·8}. Complex 1 was characterized by elemental, IR spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffractions and thermalgravimetric analysis. In addition, complex 1 exhibits coordination induced photoluminescent property.


Begins with lessons organizations can learn from teamwork exhibited by geese. Presents research findings and examples of team games that are used to reduce labor turnover, increase sales, market share, and profits. In addition to demonstrating the benefits of games and teamwork, displays the costs associated with a lack of teamwork.


The utility model relates to a grinding apparatus abrasive material technical field, concretely relates to chip removal emery wheel. This chip removal emery wheel includes the emery wheel hole at base member and base member center, is provided with a plurality of gradually burst at the seams formula chip grooves opposite with emery wheel direction of rotation on the base member, is provided with anti -cracking mesh sheet in the base member. The utility model discloses structural design scientific and reasonable solves the problem that current grinding wheel chip removal is difficult, the heat dissipation is poor, cuts and to improve cutting efficiency. Set up the regular polygonal star -shaped into the circular arc transition with the base member outline of grinding wheel, during cut material, formed intermittently space and discontinuity and strikeed, not only improved chip removal and heat -sinking capability, cushioned the resistance of base member moreover, improved cutting efficiency greatly. The high temperature heat that produces can will cut the work piece time through the louvre distributes away, prevents the change that high temperature edge -to -edge bite mouth superficial hardness and physical properties followed, improves cutting efficiency.


In the Global South, English-language fluency is strongly associated with earnings. This in particular impacts young adults in low-income settings looking to start work in urban areas without past access to high-quality English language education. In this work, we explore prompted self-explanation as a potential tool for assessing student efficacy in English grammar concepts with students undergoing a vocational training program. Using in-depth analysis of video recordings of students explaining concepts in English as a Second Language (ESL), we find that self-explanation (1) correlates with overall ESL assessment scores, and (2) assists learners identify and correct errors.


In this paper we derive an efficient message-passing algorithm to learn the parameters of structured predictors in general graphical models. We define the extended log-loss, which relates the log-loss of CRFs and the hinge-loss of structured SVMs through a temperature parameter. We then investigate the primal and dual properties of the extended log-loss, showing that the dual programs of both CRFs and structured SVMs perform moment matching using different selection rules. Utilizing the graphical models of the predictors, we describe a low dimensional extended log-loss formulation, which is derived from pseudo moment matching and a fractional entropy approximation selection rule in the dual setting. We propose an efficient message-passing algorithm that is guaranteed to converge to the optimum of the low dimensional primal and dual programs. Unlike many of the existing approaches, this allows us to learn efficiently high-order graphical models, over regions of any size, and very large number of parameters. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach, while presenting state-of-the-art results in stereo estimation, semantic segmentation, shape reconstruction, and indoor scene understanding.


Comment on Berthebaud et al, page [2962][1]

While expression of CXCR4, the receptor for the α-chemokine stromal-derived factor 1 (SDF-1), is relatively high on mature megakaryocytes, these cells lose their responsiveness to stimulation by SDF-1 compared with young megakaryoblasts. RGS16, a member


The result of recent photometric observations of the CP star ET And, published by Weiss et al. (1998), shows that the known brightness variation of about 145 min has to be obviously assigned to the comparison star HD 219891. In order to test this statement we investigate the Hipparcos photometry of ET And, HD 219891 and the check star, HD 219668, on the existence of pulsations. The significance of peaks found in the periodograms is estimated using empirically determined false alarm probability distributions derived from a large number of synthetic data sets. Results show that the probability of large peaks produced in the periodograms by only noise cannot be described by the well-known statistics valid for an evenly spaced time sampling. In the photometry of ET And we find a period of 0 . d103966 with a false alarm probability of 6% or less. For the two comparison stars we could not detect any signal in the data.


Abstract Trans-[Ir(pyridine)4Cl2]Cl. 6H2O exists in at least two forms. A high temperature form, crystallized from water at room temperature, is disordered in the solid state. A low temperature form, crystallized from aqueous solution at 2°. has been structurally characterized using x-ray crystallographic methods. It is monoclinic, space group P21/c, a=12.595(2), b=10.498(3), c=21.243(5)A, β=98.26(2)°, Z=4. The structure was refined to R=0.034, for 3998 reflexions for which I > 3σ(I). The cation has regular octahedral geometry with the Ir-Cl bond lengths equal to 2.35 and the Ir-N bond lengths equal to 2.06 A. The water molecules, together with the chloride anion lie in hydrogen-bonded sheets at 0.5a.


Healthcare facilities in a hospital has diverse indoor cleanliness due to the different health needs by the patients. Among the facilities, an operating room was identified as a critical space that required high cleanliness environment. In recent years, an ISO 14644-1 Standard of Class 1 to Class 7 is prescribed in operating room for better particles concentration and airflow controlled. The objective of this article is to review the assessment of airborne particles transportation and airflow distribution in an operating room. This study shows that two main types of ventilation strategies have been widely installed to control airborne particles trajectory, namely unidirectional airflow system and mixing airflow system . Copyright © 2015 Penerbit Akademia Baru - All rights reserved.


The purpose of this research was to design a software for the pharmacist's labour process time-study automation. For the development of this program IDE PureBasic 5.20 LTS was used. The article substantiates the relevance of the development and use of this software. Comparative characteristic of the existing time-study programs is given. The first stage of the program design was the preparation of the scheme, reflecting the sequence of pharmacists' actions during the process of dispensing medicines from the pharmacy. Further, in accordance with the abovementioned scheme, as well as with an allowance for the demands on the labour content of the pharmacist's given in their job description, the algorithm of the work order with projected software was defined. The article also discusses the process of working with the elaborated program «Chronometer of a pharmacist's labour shift». As a result of the work with the program a database in SQLite v3 format is being formed and supplemented, which contains the information about the studied organization, pharmacy and a specialist, the observation data,


[Objective]To carry out the pathogenic detection of hand-foot-mouth disease,learn the pathogenic characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease in Urumqi city in 2010.[Methods]By using RT-PCR,EV71 and CA16 were detected in 236 samples(including 105 throat swabs samples,104 excrement samples and 27 anus wiping samples) which collected from 208 patients with hand-foot-mouth disease.[Results]Among 208 samples,there were 104 cases of EV71,66 cases of CA16 and 14 cases of other enterovirus.The pathogenic surveillance showed that EV71 and CA16 were the main pathogen in 2010,cases were dominated by EV71 virus in every month,and EV71 virus were detected in the patients from all districts and counties.[Conclusion]RT-PCR is a rapid and specific method for detection of EV71 and CA16 in hand-foot-mouth disease,which can amplify the virus in throat swabs samples,excrement samples and anus wiping samples rapidly and accurately.The epidemic situation of hand-foot-mouth disease in Urumqi city has a significant increasing tendency since May 2010.Most of cases are dispersed,and there exists aggregated cases.The main pathogens are EV71 and CA 16 virus.


329 It is well-known that the city was a central theme in modern French literature, characterised from Baudelaire to Verhaeren and beyond by the figures of le flâneur and la foule that expressed the contradiction between the attraction of the hectic and anonymous life of the modern metropolis and the threat it was taken to represent to artistic individuality, human singularity and social values in general.1 Rapid demographic growth and the acceleration of technological progress, along with the emergence of new forms of political struggle, made the modern metropolis in art and literature 'a dynamic configuration of the conflicting hopes and fears of the twentieth century' (Timms 1985: 4). Suburbia – la banlieue – has a problematic place in this tradition.2 In Baudelaire and Verhaeren, it often stands in opposition to the city centre: if the latter is characterised by the crowds, technology and hectic pace of life, the former is calm and not crowded. Speaking in a semiotic fashion, suburbia is the unmarked term in this binary opposition, characterised by the lack of the city's distinctive features. However, during the last 50 years, the cultural and social status of suburbia has radically changed twice. Straight after the war, the outskirts of the cities saw the rise of new, rapidly designed and built housing districts. e architecture and urban planning of the post-war period was marked by a will to make use of tabula rasa and to implant everywhere modern and functional modCITY MARGINS, ART and IDENTITY in Contemporary French Literature: Jean Rolin's La Clôture and Michel Braudeau's Loin des forêts


Dabie Mountain base area was a "killer" which was aimed to speed up the war's process by the Central Committee of CPC during the War of Liberation.However,it could not be rebuilt successfully without Deng Xiao-ping's endeavor on the people's livelihood.He believed that people's livelihood was so important that he put all his heart on surveying and resolving it.With all those hard work,the People's Liberation Army could anchor here in a short time,thus laid a solid foundation for ending the war.


According to the Russia's Innovative Development Strategy until 2020 (Strategy) [1], one of the main goals of innovative growth of the Russian Economy lays in the advanced studies in the fields of renewable energy and low-carbon economy, genome medicine, and implementation of new technologies in agriculture, the fields in which Russia still faces with sufficient technological backlog. In general, the Strategy and following National Science project [2] approved in 2018 is aimed at Russia's transition from one of the most energy- and carbon-intensive countries to a sustainable low-carbon economy. Russia needs to attract additional resources in human and knowledge capital in order to eliminate or decrease this technological backlog and to join international scientific community's efforts in the field of green economy. This paper studies how influencing one of two pillars of the Global Innovation Index (GII), knowledge and technology output pillar, by implementing innovations in Russian higher education affects Russian innovative infrastructure and provides technical and resource baseline in reaching main strategic indicators of innovative development in Russia. This paper proposes a framework for attracting and retaining human resources and creating knowledge capital for transition to a sustainable low-carbon economy on the basis of micro and meso level changes.


Abstract Since its independence in 1965, the government of Singapore has played a key role in orchestrating the political, social, and economic development of the city-state. Faced with the challenge of recent economic downturn, the government has reacted positively through the introduction of a number of socioeconomic measures to alleviate the plight of needy people. The main thrust of the social and economic measures implemented is to strengthen the citizens' capacities. The government thus sees human capital development even in the context of economic downturn as the critical factor to further social and economic development. Overall, policymakers in Singapore put emphasis on individual responsibility and familial support, while giving primacy to the harmonization of social and economic development. "The government, on its part, will ensure that every Singaporean has equal and maximum opportunity to advance himself, while providing a social safety net to prevent the minority who cannot cope, from falling through. This way, we can have an enduring social compact where the able can do very well, and we can use some of the wealth generated by them to subsidise and help the less able."—Prime Minister Goh Chok Tong's National Day Rally Speech (August 19, 2001).


The tunable characteristic of an aperture-coupled microstrip antenna with an airgap between the substrate and the ground plane is investigated. Numerical results on input impedance, SWR bandwidth, resonant frequency and far-field radiation patterns are given. Computed results of input SWR against frequency are compared with experimental data. The scan characteristics of an infinite array of aperture-coupled microstrip antennas with an airgap are also studied using a full-wave analysis. The periodic spectral Green's functions are derived by the Floquet theorem. The calculated reflection coefficients versus scan angle in an arbitrary scan plane and against frequency when scanning at the broadside direction are presented.


Relevance. The sudden epidemiological complications that have emerged in the current century have highlighted the serious difficulties on the part of medical services and States in general in responding to epidemiological emergencies of international significance, which required a comprehensive study of the scale of the problem of the negative socio-economic consequences of epidemics for the modern state. The aim of the work was to study the factors that determine the current configuration of medical and social risks in the pre-epidemic period and form the socio-economic significance of epidemics and pandemics in a developed postindustrial society. The results are based on the monitoring, analysis and aggregation of information from specialized national and international industry publications and online resources (medical, socio-economic), as well as materials from peer-reviewed periodicals, on the practical development of author's approaches and assessments of the functioning of the anti-epidemic preparedness system at the international and national levels. Modern factors that aggravate the negative consequences of the pandemic for demography and the state economy in the absence of immunoprophylaxis and specific therapy are identified. Conclusion. The socio-economic significance of epidemiological events in the modern post-industrial society is significantly higher than the predicted level, based on the calculations of the cost of a clinical case of an infectious disease used in the previous century, namely: without including the costs of sanitary and anti-epidemic measures in the foci of the disease, for the deployment of a hospital base; for ensuring a strict anti-epidemic regime of work in medical institutions, for the rehabilitation and restoration of health of persons who have suffered an infectious disease; for the organization of preventive measures in non-medical organizations and enterprises (including information and explanatory work among the population); for the organization of medical care for persons with somatic pathology.


On the basis of the mechanism scheme design,geometrical parameter design,kinematic and force analysis of the Opening-and-closing Mechanism of the high speed train,a scheme of the control circuit of the mechanism is put forward in this paper.


On the promontory of Caprione, the most eastern promontory of the Ligurian Riviera – Northern Italy five megalithic places (literal meaning = big stones), geologically and archaeoastronomically investigated, have been found. They are positioned on a Regional Technical Maps (1:5 000) according to the Cassiopeia's mark: in the San Lorenzo's site, at the summer's solstice sunset, the sun light produces on a phallic stone, a gilded butterfly image. The Cassiopeia mark and the butterfly double-symbology are found in a terracotta figurine (5500 B.C.) found in Passo di Corvo (Southern Italy). A complex cosmogony made up by some incisions chatacterized by a butterfly, the Ursa Major, the Cassiopeia and the Draco constellations, and many anthropomorphic representations have been recovered on the Sardinia's island, in the Domus de Janas (eneolithic ipogeum – 2700 B.C.) of Sas Concas (Oniferi, Nuoro).


In this, the first full-length biography of Adolf A. Berle, Jordan A. Schwarz provides a truer understanding of the vision and aspirations of early 20th-century liberalism. Two 8-page black-and-white photograph inserts.


Impact of Marketing Strategy, Customer Perceived Value, Customer Satisfaction, Trust, and Commitment on Customer Loyalty This research explored the relationships between the marketing mix, customer perwived value, relationship quality (customer satisfaction, trust, and commitment), and customer loyalty for Taiwanese retail stores. The study employed systematic random sampling to select 593 subjects from the Hanshin department store and the 7-Eleven convenience store, as well as the Wellcome supermarket, the Carrefour hypermarket, and the Costco warehouse club. The final number of usable questionnaires was 500. A four-part questionnaire was employed in this study and included customer shopping characteristic variables, the marketing mix scale, the customer perceived value scale, the relationship quality and customer loyalty scale. Data collected from the questionnaire was analyzed with PASW Statistics 18 to test the hypotheses. Descriptive statistics, internal consistency reliability, exploratory factor analysis, Pearson's correlation, multiple regression and ANOVA statistical operations were performed. The results tested the four hypotheses (3 sub-hypotheses per hypothesis) and determined the answers for the research question. The findings indicated that trust, commitment, price deal and perceived quality significantly and positively influenced customer loyalty, word-of-mouth communication, price insensitivity, and purchase intention. Findings also indicated that distribution intensity had a positive relationship, while advertising spending had a negative relationship with customer word-of-mouth communications. Customer satisfaction was a significant factor only for purchase intention. Taiwanese retail store shoppers are highly trustful and committed to the store. Retailers should deliver more value to shoppers through promotion activities (price deals and advertising campaigns) to build a long-term and mutually profitability relationship with shoppers. The limitations and future research recommendations are also included in this study.


Shall I ever reach it? Doubt upon doubt. The goal is too far, and if one manages to reach it, one has usually also consumed one's energies in the long searching and struggle: one attains one's freedom and is weary like a mayfly in the evening.
—Nietzsche to Carl von Gersdorff, 1 April 1874

My soul, where are you? Do you hear me? I speak, I call you—are you there? I have returned, I am here again. I have shaken the dust of all the lands from my feet, and I have come to you, I am with you. After long years of wandering, I have come to you again. Should I tell you everything I have seen, experienced, and drunk in? Or do you not want to hear about all the noise of life and the world? But one thing you must know: the one thing I have learned is that one must live this life.
—Jung, Th


Post-splenectomy sepsis is a potentially lethal yet preventable complication. It's common in children and most cases occur within 2 years of splenectomy. This chapter highlights the risk factors for developing this complication and potential pathogens. It explores recommended investigations and provides an algorithm for its prevention. Prevention involves antibiotics, immunization, and patient education.


[Objective]To evaluate the efficacy of mannitol fluid and polyethylene glycol electrolyte powder in bowel preparation for colonoscopy.[Method]Five hundred and twelve cases underwent colonoscopy were randomly divided into study group (polyethylene glycol electrolyte powder,271) and the control group(mannitol fluid,241).The cleaning level and the bubble of the bowel were observed.[Result]Patients in study Group showed better intestinal cleanliness,better satisfaction of endoscopist, less adverse effect and less times of defection than control group(P 0.05).[Conclusion]Polyethylene glycol electrolytes power is safe and effective in bowel preparation for colonoscopy,and its effect was superior to that of mannitol fluid.


Based on the study of discrete choice model of scholars and linking choice theory,dual discrete choice model is used to set up an effective model to selecting resume information.The result of demonstration indicates that if the probability of Z-Statistic is over 60%,the total income of family,year of financing before entering the new situation,age,educational background,the resources of relationship,gender,the position between brothers and sisters in your family and major are remarkable.Based on discrete choice model theory,a discrete choice model of screening resume to calculate the probability of managers being outstanding is also set up.It is important for resume's filter.


The Mock Urban Setting Test (MUST) was intended to gain greater insight into airflow and plume transport around building arrays and to produce a database for the validation of transport and dispersion models (Biltoft, 2001). MUST was designed to be a near full-scale model of a built-up area, more realistic than wind tunnel experiments but idealized compared to a real city. MUST provided researchers an opportunity to instrument an idealized urban terrain under real atmospheric conditions, but without the logistical problems encountered in a real city. In this paper, we intend to better understand the development of flow structure within the urban canopy as a function of downstream fetch by evaluating measurements from 2D and 3D sonic anemometers that were placed throughout the array. The results found are surprising and do not agree with earlier wind tunnel and flume experiments.


In the new millennium, the world has seen the emergence of three novel human respiratory viruses: SARS virus (a novel Corona virus) in 2003, Influenza A H5N1 ('Avian flu') in 2004 and in the past six months, a pandemic caused by a new strain: the Influenza A (H1N1) 2009 virus.1 In sharp contrast to the SARS and Avian Influenza A H5N1 viruses which emerged from the Asian continent, the Influenza A (H1N1) 2009 virus emerged from North America and unlike the SARS and Avian Influenza A H5N1 viruses, which were never reported in Oman, the novel Influenza A (H1N1) 2009 virus has already been detected here in more than 2,500 patients.


Magnetostrictive properties of Terefenol-D can be used for a nanometer creation. There was investigated the magnetic field created by permanent magnet distribution in terfenol-D strip and its variation when reciprocal position between permanent magnet and terfenol- D is varied. The finite element method was used. The reciprocal position was varied by three different modes. The greatest absolute value of magnetic flux density can be obtained when the permanent magnet is situated inside cylinder manufactured of terfenol-D. The greatest ratio of magnetic flux density relative variation to distance between permanent magnet and terfenol-D deviation is obtained, when the terfenol-D strip in situated over the permanent magnet. The magnetic flux is distributed very unevenly inside terfenol-D in this case. Magnetic flux is distributed evenly in terfenol-D when the magnet and terfenol-D are situated parallel one to other, but ratio of magnetic flux density relative deviation to distance deviation is the smallest in this case. Ill. 7, bibl. 3. (in English; summaries in English, Russian and Lithuanian).


One House One Larva Monitor Movement is a dengue vector control program of the Ministry of Health which has been promoted since 2016. However, there are still several areas that have not been successful in implementing this movement, one of which includes the City of Padang. The purpose of this study was to examine the importance of using digital applications in implementing dengue vector control programs. This research is a research with qualitative methods using the case study genre through a constructivist approach. The location of the qualitative research was carried out at the Padang City Health Office, in the working areas of the Nanggalo Health Center, Pagambiran Health Center, and Rawang Health Center which were designated as research areas. This research was conducted in 2023 with informants including the person in charge of the dengue fever program at the Padang City Health Service, the person in charge of the dengue fever program at the Community Health Center, and the larva monitoring coordinator. The results of the study indicate that efforts to control dengue vectors through the One House One larva monitor Movement are still not running as they should. This movement can only run when larva monitor performs its main tasks and functions in accordance with the provisions. For this reason, it is necessary to carry out coaching and supervision efforts. However, there are several obstacles that require the design of a comprehensive and integrated digital health application to improve the health information system to improve the performance of larva monitors.

Keyword: DHF, Digital Health, Vector Dengue


Antineutrophil-cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) with kidney involvement (AAV-GN) frequently evolves to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) despite aggressive immunosuppressive treatment. Several risk scores have been used to assess renal prognosis. We aimed to determine whether kidney function and markers of AAV-GN activity after 6 months could improve the prediction of ESKD.

 This retrospective and observational study included adult patients with AAV-GN recruited from 6 French nephrology centers (including from the Maine-Anjou AAV registry). The primary outcome was kidney survival. Analyses were conducted in the whole population and in a sub-population that did not develop ESKD early in the course of the disease.

 When considering the 102 patients with all data available at diagnosis, Berden classification and Renal Risk Score (RRS) were not found better than kidney function (eGFR) alone at predicting ESKD (C-index = 0.70, 0.79, 0.82, respectively). Multivariables models did not indicate an improved prognostic value when compared to eGFR alone.
 When considering the 93 patients with all data available at 6 months, eGFR outperformed Berden classification and RRS (C-index = 0.88, 0.62, 0.69, respectively) to predict ESKD. RRS performed better when it was updated with the eGFR at 6 months instead of the baseline eGFR. While 6-month proteinuria was associated with ESKD and improved ESKD prediction, hematuria and serological remission did not.

 This work suggests the interest of the reassessment of the kidney prognosis 6 months after AAV-GN diagnosis. Kidney function at this time remains the most reliable for predicting kidney outcome. Of the markers tested, persistent proteinuria at 6 months was the sole to slightly improve the prediction of ESKD.


Objective: Understand the effectiveness of intratympanic (IT) dexamethasone for Ménière disease when given on an as-needed basis for worsening symptoms. Method: Retrospective cohort of 115 patients with AAO-HNS criteria for definite Ménière disease who had failed lifestyle modifications and medical therapy. All patients received initial IT dexamethasone treatment. If unsuccessful in controlling symptoms, patients then chose further IT dexamethasone injections or ablative therapy (IT gentamicin or endolymphatic sac surgery). Results: Of the 115 patients in this study, 92 (80.0%) reported satisfactory control of their Ménière disease symptoms with IT dexamethasone while 18 (20.0%) chose to receive ablative therapy. In those patients controlled with IT dexamethasone 58 (63.0%) were controlled with 3 or less injections, 28 (30.4%) were controlled with 4 to 10 injections, and 6 (6.5%) were controlled with more than 10 injections. Of those patients who chose ablative therapy, 8 (34.8%) chose IT gentamicin and 15 (65.2%) chose endolymphatic sac surgery. Age, sex, and duration of symptoms were not statistically associated with failed IT dexamethasone therapy (all P > .05). Conclusion: While multiple injections may be required, IT dexamethasone appears to be an effective alternative to ablative therapy in controlling symptoms in the majority of patients and can be used on an as-needed basis when a patient's symptoms significantly worsen.


 The demands of teacher educators underwent a major change. They not only are required to excel in teaching, but also to conduct research as an essential part of their professional life. This ambivalence raises questions regarding their professional identity. How can they identify with their profession if their roles keep changing? Two native and two non-native EFL teacher educators were interviewed about their perception of professional identity regarding being a researcher or a teacher and whether the demand to excel relies also on personal background factors such as being a native English speaker. The results indicated tension between research and teaching, which is a cause of frustration for EFL teacher educators. As for the issue of personal background, most of the interviewees did not believe that such factors are crucial. However, everyday reality in their colleges, where there are more native than non-native English speaker teachers, shows


That the army was a major factor in the downfall of the Roman Republic has never been in dispute. However its role has never been properly understood because ofand adequate methodology. The present accordingly represents a substantial revision. With the publication of this book the study of the army in the Roman Republic will be set on a new footing.


Disclosed is a multi-motor intelligent servo system based on the internet of things technology, characterized by comprising an internet of things, a plurality of servo driving modules, and a plurality of driving motors, wherein the internet of things comprises a plurality of servers, gateway modules, mobile terminals, and user terminals; and the servo driving modules are used for receiving the control instructions and parameter-setting instructions emitted via the gateway modules, collecting the information on temperature, vibration, current, and location of the driving motor, and controlling the motion of the driving motor according to the corresponding instructions. The multi-motor intelligent servo system of the utility model makes all the devices connected to the internet, and is capable of monitoring the operation of the devices in a real-time manner and solving the problems that might happen at the earliest time. Therefore, the multi-motor intelligent servo system can reduce the fault probability of the production device, shorten the device maintaining time, and cut the maintenance cost, thereby being beneficial to both the manufacturing enterprises and the device providers.


To evaluate the feasibility of applying electronic current transformer(ECT) with double non-magnetic air gaps to on-site mobile comparison systems, we analyzed ECT from two aspects, namely its steady-state accuracy and its stability after multiple times of installations. Regarding the steady-state accuracy, we reduced the ratio error and the phase error of the ECT though optimizing the core parameters and some error compensation measures. Test results proved that the ECT with double air gap core could achieve level 0.2 of the National Standards of China. Meanwhile, the measurement stability was studied from two aspects, namely the ratio error and phase error caused by varying length of the non magnetic air gap, and lowering the eccentric distance error. Test results of the ratio error and phase error versus the gap length indicate that maintaining the measurement accuracy requires to strictly control the installation. Moreover, regarding the large eccentric distance error of the ETC with single iron core, we proposed to use two series connected cores with double air gaps, and the theoretical analysis and experimental results proved it to be quite effective. However, according to the results, applying the ECT with double non-magnetic air gaps requires further improvement of the ECT in accuracy.


Action Learning is a group process design that was developed for the purpose of solving intractable human problems in organisations. Organisations large and small have successfully used action learning for a variety of purposes: to solve problems, to develop the organisation's learning capacity, to build teams, to promote personal development and to develop leadership skills (Marquardt, 1999). This article describes a qualitative study that used interviews with experienced action learning coaches to answer the research question: How do action-learning coaches create a climate conducive to learning? The findings indicate that action-learning coaches use themselves as instruments to help unfreeze participants' behaviour, introduce important changes and then refreeze behaviour at a higher and more effective level of functioning.


Modeling the behavior of superconducting electronic circuits containing Josephson junctions is crucial for the design of superconducting information processors and devices. In this paper, we introduce DEC-QED, a computational approach for modeling the electrodynamics of superconducting electronic circuits containing Josephson junctions in arbitrary three-dimensional electromagnetic environments. DEC-QED captures the non-linear response and induced currents in BCS superconductors and accurately captures phenomena such as the Meissner effect, flux quantization and Josephson effects. Using a spatial coarse-graining formulation based on Discrete Exterior Calculus (DEC), DEC-QED can accurately simulate transient and long-time dynamics in superconductors. The expression of the entire electrodynamic problem in terms of the gauge-invariant flux field and charges makes the resulting classical field theory suitable for second quantization.


Botulinum toxin A (Botox) is very effective for the temporary reduction of dynamic lines and hyperhidrosis. Although Botox is moderately effective for


Background: Elevated levels of the B cell activating cytokine BAFF (also known as BLyS) have been associated with active systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and the anti-BAFF monoclonal antibody belimumab has been approved as an add-on to standard-of-care SLE treatment, the latter mainly comprising glucocorticoids, antimalarial agents (AMA) and other immunosuppressive treatments. Objectives: To investigate the effect of AMA and three other commonly used in SLE immunosuppressive agents (methotrexate, azathioprine, mycophenolate mofetil/sodium) on serum BAFF levels. Methods: Access to data from the phase III clinical trials of belimumab BLISS-52 (n=865; NCT00424476) and BLISS-76 (n=819; NCT00410384) was granted by GlaxoSmithKline (Uxbridge, UK); a total of 1684 SLE patients were analysed. Serum samples obtained prior to belimumab initiation were stored at -80°C until BAFF level determination by ELISA. The non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare BAFF level distributions between treatment groups. Linear regression models were applied to determine independence. Results: BAFF levels (mean, SD; pg/mL) were higher in patients receiving methotrexate (1835, 1617; n=212; P=0.001), azathioprine (1901, 1472; n=364; P<0.001) or mycophenolate mofetil/sodium (1994, 1544; n=175; P<0.001) and no immunosuppressive treatment other than the one investigated compared with patients receiving no immunosuppressive treatment (1593, 1929; n=860); AMA were allowed in both groups, in all comparisons. In contrast, patients on AMA displayed lower BAFF levels (1654, 1318; n=1085) compared with patients who did not use AMA (1942, 2408; n=580; P=0.002). In linear regression, AMA use showed a consistent and independent association with lower BAFF levels in all models, whereas use of each one of methotrexate, azathioprine and mycophenolic acid was associated with higher BAFF levels. All models were adjusted for the use of immunosuppressive agents other than the one investigated. Conclusion: Our data imply differential effects of antimalarial agents and other immunosuppressive treatments on BAFF levels; AMA diminished while methotrexate, azathioprine and mycophenolic acid increased BAFF levels. It is worth noting that methotrexate and mycophenolic acid are not approved for the treatment of SLE. Considering the importance of BAFF in B cell homeostasis and SLE pathogenesis, exploration of the biological significance of the differential effects of different immunosuppressive agents on BAFF levels is anticipated. Acknowledgement: The authors would like to thank GlaxoSmithKline (Uxbridge, UK) for granting access to the data from the BLISS-52 and BLISS-76 trials (ClinicalTrials.gov identifiers NCT00424476 and NCT00410384, respectively) through the Clinical Study Data Request (CSDR) consortium. Disclosure of Interests: None declared


In order to strengthen the safety management of radioactive laboratories, ensure the safety of laboratory radioactive protection and management, This paper, according to the relevant national laws and regulations, combined with the characteristics and commitment of radioactive laboratories, analyzed the existing hazards, the protection and management measures that should be taken during radioactivity laboratories or in radioactive practice. Adhere to the principle of ″prevention in the first place and integrating prevention with control″ to ensure radiation safety, and environmental pollution.


We propose a long-haul and high-speed key distribution based on one-way non-dual arbitrary basis transformation in optical fiber link. The key distribution rate of 277 Kbit/s with free key error rate is demonstrated over 300km.


Oesophagits. In the Birmningham report the treatmenit of carcinoma of the oesopliagus by applying radiunm to the cenrtre of the lumen, or by first obtaining access -to the oesoplhagus from outside, or by inisertingo tubes directly inlto the growth with the aid of an oesophagoscope, is subjected to criticism, and a procedure is described which inivolves the introductioni thrc,ugh the oesophlagoseope by a trocar and cannula of tlhree to eiaht radon see(ds, screened by 0.3 mm. platiiiunu. The seeds are introduced at a:pproximiiately regular initervals in directions downvwards and outwards at a distance of onie cenitimetre apart arounid the ranige of the growthi. So far the imiimediate operative results have been excellent., and improvement has resulted in every case. Insufficient time has elapsed, however, to warraiit noiiv statemeilt about the end-results of this treatment.


This research is a field research that tries to uncover how the arrangement of modern markets and the empowerment of traditional markets in economic strengthening. The results of this study stated that the traditional market in Jember Indonesia must get a policy from the government, because retail competition makes traditional markets less competitive with modern markets. If that continues, then the traditional market will disappear, and cause poverty for workers.


A number of studies have reported the phenomenon of "Software aging", caused by resource exhaustion and characterized by progressive software performance degradation. In this article, we carry out an experimental study of software aging and rejuvenation for an on-line bookstore application, following the standard configuration of TPC-W benchmark. While real website is used for the bookstore, the clients are emulated. In order to reduce the time to application failures caused by memory leaks, we use the accelerated life testing (ALT) approach. We then select the Weibull time to failure distribution at normal level, to be used in a semi-Markov process, to compute the optimal software rejuvenation trigger interval. Since the validation of optimal rejuvenation trigger interval with emulated browsers will take an inordinate long time, we develop a simulation model to validate the ALT experimental results, and also estimate the steady-state availability to cross-validate the results of the semi-Markov availability model.


It is shown that reactions of tin(II) halides, SnX2 (X = Cl, Br), with the [π-C5Η5Cr-(CO)3]— anion in acetone yield (π-C5Η5Cr(CO)3)2SnX2 complexes. The compounds are characterised by their IR and mass spectra.


Background: Phthalates are synthetic compounds widely used in consumer products, including plastics, building materials, and personal care products. Emerging evidence indicates that exposure to the...


The adaptive model of managing consumption of marine bio-resources by the coastal economic subsystem which is a part of the ecological-economic system coast-sea is constructed. The marine part of the model is represented by the adaptive version of the plankton dynamics and nitrogen cycle model in which the chlorophyll a concentration observations are assimilated. Management of the consumed bio-resources volume is based on tracing the deviations of the marine biodiversity index from its average (undisturbed) value which is represented as an estimate of the stationary value of the environment bio-resource capacity. The bio-resource capacity integral model controlling the balance between the rates of consumption and reproduction of marine bio-resources is proposed. The model equations are constructed by the method of adaptive balance of influences; at that the influence coefficients are expressed through the normalized ratios of the variables' mean values. To preserve the marine environment biodiversity, the right-hand sides of the equations contain the agents for managing the scenarios of ecological-economic processes. These agents ensure imposing fines for sea pollution caused by the coastal economic subsystem. Represented are the results of computational experiments confirming economic expediency of introducing new technologies in the coastal subsystem which, in their turn, contribute to economic efficiency of bio-resource consumption and preserve the marine environment bio-resource capacity. It is shown that the marine environment bio-resource capacity is an integral value of the biodiversity index determined for a certain time interval. Thus, in order to use rationally bio-resources of the sea coastal zone, it is necessary to control both biodiversity and bioresource capacity of the marine environment. These two indices indicating ecological state of the sea coastal zone serve the criteria for managing the integrated ecological-economic system coast-sea which are used to derive economic benefit from consumption of marine bio-resources provided that the marine environment quality is preserved.


The notion of face has been in use as a metaphor in different cultures of the world for a very long time. It has metaphorically referred to individual qualities and/or abstract entities such as honor, respect, esteem and the self. Therefore, this paper investigates the notion of face across cultures, focusing in particular, on the Palestinian context. The origin of the concept face will be addressed as cited by researchers such as Farahat (2009), Watts (2003), Ho (1976; 1994), Agyekum's (2004), Mao (1994), and Oetzel et al. (2001) among others. Since there is no consensus on the definition of face, I will discuss some of the definitions available in an attempt to establish a better comprehension of this important concept. This paper also investigates expressions related to face, such as, upgrading/ honoring expressions and face demeaning/threatening ones (Agyekum, 2004). The paper also tackles acts that enhance face in Palestinian culture, in order to fully understand how people can enhance each other's face during an encounter.


This thesis is aimed at improving the working environment of the optical control workpla-ce of the company EPCOS Ltd. The aim of this work is to identify opportunities for im-provement of the working environment especially in terms of ergonomics. The theoretical part summarizes basic knowledge of ergonomics, which comprise the starting point for the practical part. In the analytical part the current state of working environment is evaluated and the selected ergo-analyses are conducted. Based on these analyses the project is developed, which summarizes suggestions and recommendations to improve the current state of the workplace.


To pose a question about future development of e.g. welding means to answer the question of future development of Materials technology. The syntagm Materials technology is a common nominator for Material technology and Production technology. Material technology means the production and application of materials based on discoveries of natural sciences: physics, chemistry and natural technology of the living (biology) and the non-living (other natural sciences). The aim of Material technology is production of substances or materials with the prescribed production and application properties and Production technology making of product with defined geometrical shape and necessary properties during the use of the product. The main question in this discussion is whether we can predict the future of Materials technology. We assume that the answer is positive, based on two analyses, fractal past and the future of general technology and systemic analysis. We use a brief fractal history of general technology to predict the future of two human technologies: biotechnology and technology of non-living things. From the description of natural and artificial technology we can conclude: even if more parts are made by artificial micro-technological and nano-technological processes (level of atoms), in the very far future the products will be mostly of macro geometrical size. Our prediction is that once developed the production process and product can be only innovative and improved but the development of materials can be a revolutionary one. The revolutionary development of materials means to go to level n-1, the subatomic one. For welding one point from the analysis of general technology is interesting. Natural energy technology started 13.7 billion years ago with electromagnetic radiation. Natural scientists discovered those phenomena around the beginning of 19th century. The necessary equipment which uses this phenomenon, the LASER, was not invented before 1958.


In recent years, there has been particular interest in the use of augmentation. Potential augmentation regimes include the addition of atypical antipsychotics (e.g. risperidone/olanzapine) or other antidepressants (e.g. mirtazepine). The purpose of this audit was to compare patient outcomes between groups receiving different augmentation strategies. Overall we found that augmentation with mirtazepine resulted in better outcomes in terms of both discharge rates and in terms of reduction in suicidality than augmentation with atypical antipsychotics.


One of the most spectacular phenomena of the spatial organization of the industrial firm in the 1990s has been the rapid change of the staff functions surrounding manufacturing. After having been located in close contact with physical production, and organized as a wholly-integrated and completely internalized part of the business, these functions have during the last decade tended to become outsourced activities. There are several key factors behind this development. One crucial element has been the visualization of the revealed overhead costs in the manufacturing enterprise. Cost-chasing has highlighted the costs of labour-intensive administration and general management, whose contribution to manufacturing value-added is more subtle than pure manufacturing. The extremely high taxation of labour compared to capital has, in some European countries, further contributed to cutting off staff within activities such as secretarial services, security, invoicing, factoring, computer maintenance etc. Outsourcing of these activities and the creation of an independent business services sector has thus been a means to implement better cost-control, as seen from the manufacturer's point of view. The second crucial factor that has made outsourcing possible has been the development of information technology. In this study we focus especially on outsourcing of those branches of business services, that, to a limited extent only, are dependent on frequent physical proximity between principal and sub-contractor, i.e. management consulting and software computer programming development. The field work has been carried out in the tourist resorts along the Spanish coastline, where, during recent years, a rapid growth of small enterprises, depending on cooperation with remote clients, has taken place. There has been a natural stepwise process from visiting an area as a tourist, through purchasing an apartment for semi-permanent living, to the establishment of a new company operating together with former clients in the home country. Our pre-understanding of this phenomenon was the observation that Swedish entrepreneurs, having grown up in the European periphery, in a country characterized by a large number of internationally active industrial companies, high taxation of personal income, as well as a harsh winter climate, have been forerunners in this development, and that the experiences from this relatively limited group may well spread to larger northern European countries such as U.K. and Germany. This example may thus be a starting-point in order to assess and to evaluate regional competitive advantages in promoting economic growth within a wider variety of factors than has hitherto been the case.


Language policy has become an area followed and implemented by all countries in a globalizing world. There are countries in the world that consider language policies as part of international law, while others, due to securitization policies, are reported to perceive language as problem-oriented. The conceptualization of right and problem -oriented language has been replaced by the study of language as a resource. In some developing and developed countries, language is no longer labelled as a problem, but as a right and resource. In the 21st century, the concept of language as a right has evolved into a resource-oriented language concept. In this study, we analytically discuss the problem, right and resource-oriented language and propose our suggestions on language policies. Unlike studies that deal with language policy in terms of positive and negative rights, this study proposes more general categorization. It discusses methodologically different approaches while critically analysing those approaches. Therefore, the present study differs from other studies on language policy and fills the gap in relevant literature in globalizing world.


The green LED's feasibility as fluorescence excitation source is introduced In the research, stimulated by green LED's (wavelength of 530nm) with extra high brightness, fluorescent material(C 20 H 2Br 4Cl 4Na 2O 5) emits fluorescence A delicate fluorescent container was designed And to increase the intensity of excitation light beside the container, four LED's was placed, whose light pencils focus on the same position For the convenience of fluorescence analysis, the LED was modulated by square wave with frequency of 1kHz With spectrophotometer the fluorescence (wavelength of 570nm) is received


Purpose: To report 2 cases of recurrent Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) endophthalmitis after uneventful phacoemulsification and posterior chamber intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. Case summary: Case 1: A healthy, 75-year-old female presented with a sudden visual loss and ocular pain 2 days after phacoemulsification and IOL implantation. After successful treatment with intravitreal antibiotics injection, the infection was apparently cleared. At 1 month after the initial presentation, recurrent endophthalmitis occurred and was resolved with vitrectomy, silicon oil tamponade, and intravitreal antibiotics injection. Two months after vitrectomy, the silicone oil was removed and the patient's final visual acuity improved to 20/400 5 months later. Case 2: A healthy, 74-year-old female presented with a sudden visual loss 2 days after phacoemulsification and IOL implantation. After successful treatment with intravitreal antibiotics injection, the infection was apparently cleared. One month later, recurrent endophthalmitis occurred and was resolved with vitrectomy, posterior capsulotomy, and intravitreal antibiotics injection. Forty days later, the patient had a similar relapse. The infection resolved with IOL explantation, silicon oil tamponade, and repeated intravitreal antibiotics injections. E. faecalis was identified at the first and recurrent episode. Vancomycin and ceftazidime were used for each intravitreal administration. Silicone oil removal and IOL scleral fixation were performed and the patient's final visual acuity was 20/40 5 months later. Conclusions: Close monitoring for recurrences is recommended in endophthalmitis due to E. faecalis after phacoemulsification even after a successful initial treatment. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2015;56(4):632-637


Quantum computing is captured in the formalism of the monoidal subcategory of $\textbf{Vect}_{\mathbb C}$ generated by $\mathbb C^2$ -- in particular, quantum circuits are diagrams in $\textbf{Vect}_{\mathbb C}$ -- while topological quantum field theories, in the sense of Atiyah, are diagrams in $\textbf{Vect}_{\mathbb C}$ indexed by cobordisms. We initiate a program that formalizes this connection. In doing so, we equip cobordisms with machinery for producing linear maps by parallel transport along curves under a connection and then assemble these structures into a double category. Finite-dimensional complex vector spaces and linear maps between them are given a suitable double categorical structure which we call $\mathbb F\textbf{Vect}_{\mathbb C}$. We realize quantum circuits as images of cobordisms under monoidal double functors from these modified cobordisms to $\mathbb F\textbf{Vect}_{\mathbb C}$, which are computed by taking parallel transports of vectors and then combining the results in a pattern encoded in the domain double category.