QUESTION
One of my patients was incidentally found to be pregnant after completion of radiotherapy for Hodgkin lymphoma. What are the possible effects that I should discuss with her before she makes a final decision regarding continuation of her pregnancy?

ANSWER
Radiotherapy might not be an absolute contraindication in pregnant women who are diagnosed with cancer located in areas remote from the pelvis. However, the fetal exposure should be carefully estimated, and the known dose-response information has to be discussed individually to allow informed decisions to be made.


The aim of the paper was to describe the advantages and disadvantages of the surgical adhesives most useful in major cardiovascular surgery.


It is necessary to gain insights into adherence to healthcare in people with severe haemophilia (PwSH), especially during the transition from paediatric to adult care, which is an important phase in lives of young people with childhood chronic disease. This adherence can be considered as a marker of successful transition.


Insulators are important part of transmission lines. Traditionally, insulator-detection methods mainly relied on manual operation, which suffered from low efficiency and poor safety. Due to the rapid development of deep learning, convolutional neural networks(CNNs) have been widely applied in the field of image classification. However, traditional CNNs have poor performance in transmission lines scenes classification. We propose an optimized deep new network based on traditional CNNs. The experimental results show that the proposed optimization method can improve the accuracy of transmission lines scenes classification.


Introduction: Despite the use of 3D electroanatomic mapping (EAM) systems, atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation still requires high radiation exposure and fluoroscopy (FL) times. Using CARTO UnivU (CU), FL images are imported to create a background over which virtual catheters are displayed and then fused with EAM of the left atrium, thus simulating FL without further radiation. We report techniques to train EP fellows in low FL left atrial ablation (LA) using CU, phased-array intracardiac ultrasound (ICE) and force-sensing (FS) catheters. Methods: We performed 52 ablations for AF and left atrial flutter (LAF) from Feb to Nov 2015 in which the EP fellow was primary operator. AP and LAO CU images were obtained and ICE was advanced from the left femoral vein to the right atrium, to image the SVC. The guidewire and transseptal long sheath were positioned in the SVC under ICE guidance. We then performed pullback to the fossa under ICE guidance until tenting of the fossa was observed. Transseptal puncture was performed using ICE and FL in the LAO projection. A second transseptal sheath was placed using the same technique. EAM of the left atrium was performed using a multipolar mapping catheter (Pentarray or LassoNav). A coronary sinus catheter was advanced without FL, using both CU and ICE. Following transseptal puncture, all catheter manipulation was done with CU, ICE and the force vector of the FS catheter. At this point, lead protective wear was no longer needed. Results: We performed 52 ablations: 47 for AF (30 persistent) and 5 for LAF. The mean age was 66 yrs., 64% were male, and 12% had implanted devices. Mean procedure time was 225 (120 - 390) min with 40 (14 - 68) min of RF ablation. Mean FL time was 4.2 (0.5 - 8.4) min and mean dose of 22 (9-124) cGy. Pulmonary vein isolation was performed in all patients. Additional LA ablation was performed in 16 patients; 4 had CTI ablation. There was 1 major complication of cardiac tamponade requiring pericardiocentesis. Conclusions: CU is an intuitive mapping system that together with FS catheters and ICE imaging facilitates catheter manipulation during LA ablation, allowing very low fluoroscopy exposure, even during training of EP fellows.


Based on a comprehensive introduction of the composition,type and working principal of the turbine regulating system,the author analyze the automation application and development prospect of governor,the most hardcore of turbine regulating system,and discuss with examples the characteristics and operating effect of AC servo-control-type programmable turbine governor.The working performance of turbine governor is directly related to the HPP and unit operation safety as well as the energy quality.


In August 2009, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Libraries launched a mobile web site and catalog designed for use on smartphones. Library users can search for books and view library hours, location branches, and other basic information about the University of North Carolina libraries on their iPhone, Android phone, or other smartphone. An outline of the development process is given in eight major steps that are designed to be replicated by other libraries. Lessons learned during development are also shared, along with recommendations of devices to develop for and tools to use.


Midwifery in Colombia is a practice that refers to a traditional form of ancestral knowledge based attend as natural medicine births, is generally carried out by women and indigenous people, afro and peasants. Because of the violence that over time women have suffered in the process and time of delivery framed in hospitals governed by Western medicine, it has rethought the way it delivers at present by some women and families, which has led to alternative delivery as a valid form of birth. Thus, the objective of this investigation was to explore how the subjectivities three women around Bogota alternative practices of pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum are constructed, describing the process of gestation and birth of these three women through midwifery, so understanding the meanings that the participants have built on their experience. The epistemological framework guiding this study is the social constructionism and relies on feminist critical theory. It is a qualitative study, which is part of the biographical method and makes use of matrix analysis for data process.


We demonstrated low frequency heterodyne interferometry with a CCD pixel array, based on a point diffraction interferometer. The low-frequency heterodyne of 5 Hz generated by a uniformly circulating grating enables the CCD camera with the frame frequency of 20 Hz to record the dynamic changes of interference patterns. Every pixel of the CCD camera detects the cosine curve of the phase beating at the corresponding spatial point separately and eventually forms a wavefront distribution, whose spatial resolution is the size of the pixel. The phase singularity and the wavefront helicity of a vortex optical beam are obtained by the proposed method, and the phase jump from the simulation is reproduced by the measurement. The proposed method is of good significance in promoting research on the optical vortex beam and, more importantly, could be applied to the phase measurement of other types of special light fields.


Endothelial cell "housekeeping" functions are regulated by specific amines, and with only the rarest of exceptions these amines are cleared, sequestered, and released or catabolized by intimal and microvascular endothelial cells. From 1980 to 1984, approximately 1300 articles were published with titles including the expression biogenic amine. If you add to this prudent total another conservative statistic, that the word endothelial or endothelium in the same span of time appeared in some form or other in over 5500 article titles, it is not unreasonable to anticipate an impressive literature on biogenic amine metabo lism by endothelial cells. The truth of the matter is that there are only about 270 articles with both descriptors in the title. The emphasis of this review is on catecholamines, serotonin (S-hydroxytryp tamine, S-HT), and histamine, which are cleared and metabolized to varying degrees by endothelium. Some data is also provided on acetylcholine (ACh) metabolism because of its involvement in the obligatory role ascribed to certain intimal endothelial cells and those cells regulating endogenous polyamines.


Abstract : This report will briefly outline some of the key findings made during the course of this project and some new work on the phase structure changes concomitant with the delamination behavior of Ta metallizations. Detailed accountants of prior work have been in included in previous "Interim Reports" of this Grant and in the many technical papers that have resulted from the support of this work. A complete list of these publications is provided in Appendix II of this Final Report.


With the rapid development of storage technology, the capacity and scale of network storage system are growing. This requires that storage management systems must be of the high manageability, maintainability and interoperability among different management softwares are needed. SMI-S, an interface standard of storage management, is proposed by SNIA. It makes storage management can be vendor-independent, and also reduces management cost, raise the management efficiency. In this paper, we design and implement a storage management system which is based on SMI-S standard and WBEM/CIM framework. This system can achieve real-time monitoring and remote management of the remote hosts, snapshot systems and remote copy systems well although there are many differences between these managed systems. This storage management system has many functions such as real-time dynamic monitoring, remote command transmission, logging, error information statistics, alarming and so on. And users can get all information and results of this management system by a graphic interface through web directly. It improves the operability and maintainability of this system. Test results show that this system can run stably and be well-behaved, afford an available solution for the research on real-time monitoring and remote management of storage systems, also for storage management of enterprise customers.


The relationship between intraspecific variation in transmission of Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) by adult Frankliniella occidentalis and virus accumulation in their bodies was studied using a petunia leaf disk assay and triple-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (TASELISA) against the nucleocapsid (N) protein of TSWV. Two types of intraspecific variation were observed: the efficiency of TSWV transmission varied for nine populations in Japan from 6.1 to 29.2%, and in any population males transmitted the virus with a higher rate than females. The transmitters had ELISA values higher than non-transmitters. However, there was a difference in the thresholds of ELISA values to transmit TSWV between sexes. Almost all the males transmitted the virus with ELISA values higher than 0.5, whereas in this experiment females needed values higher than 1.0. The frequency of individuals with ELISA values over the thresholds agreed with the frequency of transmitters in both sexes. For each population, the two frequencies were almost equal. These results suggest that interpopulation and inter-sexual variation in TSWV transmission by adult F. occidentalis result from distinct frequencies of individuals that have enough accumulation of TSWV to transmit. examined the relationship between intraspecific variations in transmission of TSWV (i.e. interpopulation and inter-sexual variations) and virus accumulation in thrips using F. occidentalis originating from several populations in Japan. Materials and Methods Thrips collection and rearing Insects used in this study were collected on various crops and flowers in nine populations in Japan from 1993 to 1999 (Table 1) and identified as F. occidentalis by an identification guide (Mound and Kibby 1998). Adult thrips originating from the different populations were confined and maintained on tea pollen in a cage, as described by Murai and Ishii (1982), and larvae and pupae were reared on germinated seeds of broad bean, Vicia faba, at 25 ± 1 °C with a 16-h-light photoperiod. Virus and plant materials The Japanese isolate TSWV-O, originating from green pepper, Capsicum annuum, in Ibaraki Pref. 52 THRIPS AND TOSPOVIRUSES: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 7TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON THYSANOPTERA 53 in the central district of the main island of Japan (Tsuda et al., 1993), was used in all experiments. The isolate was inoculated mechanically or by infected thrips onto Datura stramonium plants. The infected plants were maintained as TSWV acquisition hosts for thrips in an incubator at 22 ± 1 °C with a 16-h-light photoperiod. TSWV transmission tests First instar larvae up to 6 h old were confined with pieces of TSWV-infected leaves in a glass container for an acquisition access period of 24 h. After this period, the larvae were reared on healthy germinated broad bean seeds until adults. The transmission efficiency of TSWV was determined using petunia leaf disks (Wijkamp and Peters, 1993). Three days after emergence, adults were individually tested for their competences to transmit the virus onto leaf disks with an inoculation access period of 24 h. After inoculation, these leaf disks were floated on water for 2 days in 24-well plates for symptom development. The percentage of leaf disks that developed local lesions was used to calculate the transmission efficiency of TSWV. After the leaf disk assay, TASELISA was conducted on each individual adult. TAS-ELISA TAS-ELISA with commercially available polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies was conducted to detect N protein of TSWV in individual thrips. After the substrate reaction was allowed to proceed for 30 min at room temperature, absorbance values were determined with an ELISA reader at 405 nm (A405). Samples that gave ELISA values of greater than 3 times the mean of healthy control thrips were considered to be positive. The A405 values were corrected by subtracting the mean of the buffer control absorbance values from sample values. Statistics Analyses of frequencies of transmission experiments were conducted by a G-test. Differences in TSWVN protein accumulation between sources, and the effect of the interaction between sources were tested by oneor two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) (Sokal and Rohlf, 1995).


The impact of the collapse of the Polish economy in 1980-1981 on the general provision of services and living conditions of the population is first assessed. The authors then attempt to identify the demographic effects of these events. Based on the assumption that the crisis affected both migration and fertility population developments until 1985 are projected. Attention is given to the effect on mortality international and internal migration population aging and urbanization. (summary in ENG RUS) (ANNOTATION)


It is well established that the consumption of long-chain (LC) n-3 PUFA, EPA and DHA, found in fish oils are cardio-protective. Arterial stiffening is a manifestation of vascular dysfunction and is recognised as a biomarker for CVD. There are limited and inconsistent data on the influence of LC n-3 PUFA on arterial stiffness in the postprandial state. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of a moderate-fat meal enriched with LC n-3 PUFA on arterial stiffness determined by two different techniques, digital volume pulse analysis (DVP) and pulse wave analysis (PWA), both of which have been described previously. The DVP was obtained by photoplethysmography using the PulseTrace system (Micro Medical, Chatham Maritime, Kent, UK) to calculate stiffness index (SI). PWA was performed by applanation tonometry at the radial artery using the SphygmoCor (ScanMed Medical, Moreton-in-Marsh, Glos., UK) to calculate augmentation index (AIx). Twenty-five healthy subjects (twelve males, thirteen females; age 47 (SD 4) years, BMI 23.4 (SD 0.7) kg/m received either a control (CT) meal (30 g mixed fat; fatty acid profile representative of the UK diet) or an LC n-3 PUFA-rich meal (23 g mixed fat, 6.7 g fish oil, which provided 2.0 g EPA and 2.7 g DHA) on two occasions in a random order. DVP and PWA measurements were taken at baseline and 30, 60, 90, 120, 180 and 240 min after meal consumption to derive SI and AIx respectively. Blood samples were taken at baseline and 120 and 240 min after meal consumption and were analysed for glucose, TAG, insulin and NEFA.


Globally, the world is changing, and education is a key factor of those changes. New findings reveal new horizons and demand new engagements in the implementation of the said changes. Changes require broader activities in the area of education and in all aspects of life that can enhance efficiency and effectiveness of education. The education in Serbia needs to go through changes that have already occurred in higher developed countries, because we live in the society and economy of knowledge. Strengthening of management in education is of great importance, especially for societies and economies in transition like Serbia. Education represents the 'central nerve system" of every society - the educational and cultural network that constantly vibrates. Besides teachers, professors, and educators, skilled and educated managers are also very important. It is well-known that managers have to be innovative and to possess skills related to planning, organization, coordination and monitoring the implementation of activities in education institutions.


The question concerning the logical relationship between the structures and media of totalitarianism has been treated controversially in contemporary scholarship. A large part of the relevant publications (represented by Hannah Arendt and Leonard Schapiro)1 defines totalitarian power primarily as the power of a charismatic leader over the unwilling majority and, following Aristotle's concept of tyranny, sees the latter as rooted in structures of political order.2 A second corpus of research increasingly interprets totalitarianism as technological power and associates


The paper studies the load modeling of assembled racks in the pro cess of FEM analysis and focuses on load calculation and confirming of the work condition etc.


Abstract : The appendix on the training of 90 MM AA gun crews contains a description of training aids and devices previously developed and recommended by the subject project.


Vehicle re-identification plays a major role in modern smart surveillance systems. Specifically, the task requires the capability to predict the identity of a given vehicle, given a dataset of known associations, collected from different views and surveillance cameras. Generally, it can be cast as a ranking problem: given a probe image of a vehicle, the model needs to rank all database images based on their similarities w.r.t the probe image. In line with recent research, we devise a metric learning model that employs a supervision based on local constraints. In particular, we leverage pairwise and triplet constraints for training a network capable of assigning a high degree of similarity to samples sharing the same identity, while keeping different identities distant in feature space. Eventually, we show how vehicle tracking can be exploited to automatically generate a weakly labelled dataset that can be used to train the deep network for the task of vehicle re-identification. Learning and evaluation is carried out on the NVIDIA AI city challenge videos.


Children's language skills are the most complex form of child development among other children's abilities, because of this, there are many children who experience language disorders or delays. The design of this study is a correlation study with a cross-sectional approach. This research has been conducted at Puskesmas I South Denpasar. The sample size is 40 people, using purposive sampling technique. Data were collected by direct observation with KPSP monitoring tools. The data analysis technique used is the Chi-Square test because the data are not normally distributed. This study aims to determine the relationship between parenting and language development in children 1-2.5 years. The results of this study found that there was no relationship between stimulation (p = 0.477) and parental knowledge (p = 0.385) with language development in toddlers aged 1-2.5 years. The results of this study are expected to be a reference for monitoring the growth and development of infants and toddlers, especially language development at Puskesmas I, South Denpasar.


Aiming at the problem that the accuracy of gesture recognition is not high due to the camera's shooting angle and depth information being affected by illumination, this paper proposes a gesture recognition method based on image processing and SIFT-SVM. First construct a gesture recognition data set, perform image processing such as denoising and segmentation on the collected pictures, then extract the geometric features of gestures through the Scale-invariant feature transform (SIFT) algorithm, and finally use the support vector machine (SVM) to classifies and recognizes different detected gestures. The simulation experiment results show that the accuracy of the method proposed in this paper reaches 99.89%, it has strong robustness, and the recognition speed is faster to meet the needs of general applications.


A technique for imaging large areas of the ocean floor by globally inverting reverberation data is under development. We simultaneously invert beamformed data measured at a variety of towed-array locations and orientations. By optimal use of the data we produce a high resolution scattering strength image of the ocean bottom. Inherent to this global inversion is the removal of the "right-left ambiguity" of the beamformed data. The method has been successfully tested with synthetic data for a simple scattering model. It is being developed further to analyze bottom reverberation data acquired during the Office of Naval Research/Special Research Project Acoustic Reconnaissance Cruise.


The invention is formed such that the trailing edge is located in the lower shaft portion in the vane and capable to prevent a gap in the trailing edge portion by forming a cylinder in the top and bottom of the trailing edge is not generated to prevent the flow disturbance, the variable geometry It relates to a cartridge device for a turbocharger vane, As it made in the form of a ring, and therefore the inner peripheral surface at regular intervals vane amhom are formed a plurality of the control ring, and a plurality of vanes that are connected to a plurality of vane arms, which are mounted on the one vane amhom and, as the above-mentioned vane arms respectively in and, it connected with the control ring by the support pin, and comprises a vane covering, which is the above-mentioned vane and the vane base ring forming a flow channel with a ring the above control, the rotatably mounted.


The COVID-19 pandemic is striking health care systems around the world through an unprecedented increase in demand. In responding to this crisis, governments and health care providers face the chal...


The process of phase separation in the a-cyclodextrin-poly(ethylene oxide)-water system may lead to either gel formation or precipitation, depending on the conditions of formation and crystallization of an α-cyclodextrin-based inclusion complex. The domains of existence of various phase states were determined by the method of turbidity points, and a diagram of structure formation in the system was constructed. Both the gel and the precipitates, formed by molecular necklaces of the α-cyclodextrin-PEO type, have the same crystal structure, but different morphologies related to the kinetic features of the complex formation and crystallization processes.


John Buridan (c. 1295– c. 1359) was born in Picardy (France). He was educated in Paris and taught there. He wrote a number of works focusing on exposition and discussion of issues in Aristotle (in the form of expositiones and quaestiones). His magnum opus was the Summulae de Dialectica, a comprehensive discussion of logic. Below are two short extracts from the ninth book of that work. I follow Gyula Klima's annotated translation of the Summulae de Dialectica (Yale University Press, 2001).


Abstract Background GLP-1 receptor (GLP1R) agonists reduce glucose, weight and cardiovascular risk. Understanding the weight loss-dependent mechanisms of these benefits will inform treatment and drug development. This study compared metabolic responses among GLP1R agonist (liraglutide), DPP4 inhibitor (sitagliptin), and hypocaloric diet treatments. Methods We randomized 88 obese, pre-diabetic individuals in a 2: 1: 1 ratio to liraglutide, sitagliptin, or diet for 14 weeks. Treatment was double-blinded and placebo-controlled for drug. Individuals completed a mixed meal at baseline, 2 and 14 weeks. The GLP1R antagonist exendin (9-39) and vehicle were infused in a randomized crossover design at 2 and 14 weeks. Within-subject change was assessed using paired t-test. Between-treatment effects were analyzed using generalized least squares linear regression. Results Baseline characteristics were similar (mean age 50, 32% men, 13% black). Liraglutide and diet caused weight loss at 14 weeks (L: -2.7kg 95%CI [-3.8, -1.7], P<0. 001; D: -5. 0 [-7. 0, -2.9], P<0. 001), while sitagliptin did not (-0.7 [-1.7, 0.2], P=0.13). Liraglutide decreased fasting glucose (FG) at 2 (-10.8mg/dL [-14. 0, -7.7], P<0. 001) and 14 weeks (-10.2 [-13.3, -7.2], P<0. 001), while sitagliptin did not. Diet decreased FG at 14 weeks (-3. 0 [-5.9, -0.1], P=0. 04). Liraglutide decreased post-prandial glucose (PPG) compared to sitagliptin (-6.6 [-11.4, -1.7], P<0. 01) and diet (-8.5 [-13.3, -3.6], P<0. 01) at 2 weeks, and compared to sitagliptin (-7.1 [-11.9, -2.2], P<0. 01) at 14 weeks. Exendin increased FG and PPG in all treatments. Liraglutide and diet decreased fasting insulin and HOMA-IR at 2 (HOMA-IR: L: -1.3 [-2.2, -0.3], P=0. 01; D: -1.9 [-3.2, -0.6], P<0. 01) and 14 weeks (L: -1.2 [-2. 0, -0.3], P=0. 01, D: -2.3 [-3.9, -0.6], P=0. 01), while sitagliptin did not. No treatment significantly changed post-prandial insulin. Exendin increased post-prandial insulin in all treatments. Sitagliptin significantly increased fasting and post-prandial GLP-1 at 2 (fasting: 5.2pg/mL [2.9, 7.6], P<0. 001) and 14 weeks (4. 0 [2.7, 5.3], P<0. 001), while diet did not. We could not quantify fasting endogenous GLP-1 in the liraglutide group due to cross-reactivity of the assay with liraglutide. Liraglutide increased peak post-prandial GLP-1 (baseline-subtracted 14 weeks: 17.6 [13.5, 21.6], P<0. 001). Exendin increased GLP-1 in all treatment groups, with greatest increase after sitagliptin (26. 0 [22.6, 29.5], P<0. 001), followed by liraglutide (10.9 [8.3, 13.4], P<0. 001), then diet (4.8 [0.2, 9.4], P=0. 04). Conclusions Liraglutide lowered glucose and increased peak post-prandial GLP-1 in obese pre-diabetic individuals without raising insulin. GLP1R antagonism increased glucose and insulin in all, and increased post-prandial GLP-1 levels to a greater extent in sitagliptin-treated than in liraglutide-treated individuals. Presentation: Sunday, June 12, 2022 12:30 p.m. - 2:30 p.m.


The dissipator with an aerated flow splitting pier is a big flow splitting pier which is established on the abrupt slope. It can change the super flow into a flow that is sufficiently diffused, cutely turbulent and sufficiently aerated in all directions. Since the water jet though this pier collides, blends, disintegrates and falls in drops in the air, the interface surface between the flow and the air is significantly increased and the specific discharge decreases when the flow drops into the plunge pool. The flow condition in the plunge pool is controlled by the water depth downstream and can be classified into 4 kinds. The optimized contractibility ratio of the aerated flow splitting pier is changed within the scope of around 0.5~0.7. The fluctuating wall pressure of the pier head meets gravitational similitude law but the majority frequency f_(r) is unfit for the law as f_(r) is approaching 1 according to the experimental data. The majority frequency of fluctuating wall pressure of the pier head is around 0.1~0.388Hz which is far more less than the intrinsic frequency of the pier head. The body shape of the aerated flow splitting piers is super-cavitated so that no cavitating damage could occur. The length of the core of the aerated water jet through the aerated flow splitting pier is only 1/5~1/2 of that of 2-d aerated water jet. The ratio of the minimum containing water is only 14 percentage of 2-d aerated water jet. On the condition that s/h is greater than 20, β_(sm) gradually inclines to 0.1, and the flow is sufficient to aerate and drip in air and so is the flow in the plunge pool. The pressure coefficient at the bottom of the plunge pool is decreased by about 30 percentage at λ=0.5. Compared with 2-d water jump, the length of the stilling basin is decreased by about 1/3, and the water depth downstream is by about 1/5 and the efficient of the energy-dissipation is increased by 6~16 percentage.


Many hydrologic systems are likely to be affected by climate change. This is of particular importance given that agricultural production systems are inextricably linked to the hydrologic systems they rely upon. Although irrigation is often employed as a method to dampen the effect of short‐term variation in climatic inputs to agricultural production, sources of irrigation water are not immune to long‐term climatic change. Irrigation water use decisions are most often made at the farm level. It is at this scale that the economic and social impacts of climate change will be manifest. This paper presents an integrated stochastic dynamic modeling framework that can be used to investigate the viability of irrigated farms under alternative climate change scenarios. The framework is applied to a theoretical farm in the Murray Darling Basin, Australia, under four potential future climate scenarios. It is found that neglecting interannual variability in climatic inputs to agriculture consistently underestimates the reduction in farm viability caused by climate change and that multiyear sequences of climate states strongly influence estimates of farm profitability.


System Theoretic Process Analysis (STPA) is an extremely valuable methodology, especially when used early in a system's concept phase, for effective and efficient development of safety requirements that address potential safety issues associated with human machine interactions.
This paper outlines how STPA can be used to explore potential safety concerns associated with interactions between human operators and virtual buttons within graphical interfaces across the planned operational scenarios and expected system behaviors. Appropriately validated system safety requirements can be developed based on this exploratory effort.
The paper shows how STPA includes drivers and operators as system elements within the control structure where these humans are expected to interact with a "system/feature of interest" by means of virtual buttons presented in a graphical interface. The inclusion of humans as elements of the control structure enables a representation of the human as a "human controller" and, as such, enables STPA evaluation techniques to be applied to them just as these techniques would be applied to any "control" element in a control structure.


A new research method that can estimate the demand of EV in China on the basis of vehicular emission inventory and carbon reduction restriction is put forward. By using MOBILE model and software, China vehicular emissions inventory is created. Then, the demand bill of EV is worked out, and replacement scale and proportion of EV are calculated too. In the conclusion part, quantitative data is given, offering theoretical support for the governments' strategic policy-making in developing EV.


The aim of this study was to examine the opinions of secondary school math teachers regarding the examination system for the transition to high school which was implemented for the first time in 2017-2018 academic year in Turkey. The research was conducted in the second semester of 2018-2019 academic year, a semi-structured interview form was used as data collection tool. In addition, the sample of the study consisted of 30 math branch teachers working in central secondary schools across a province in Eastern Anatolia. The interview form consisted of 6 open-ended questions prepared by the researchers after receiving expert opinions. Content analysis method was used in analyzing the data. As a result of findings, it was understood that while some of the teachers had positive opinions about this new exam, some others had negative thoughts.


Abstract Objective The objective of this study was to summarize peer-reviewed literature on the prevalence and concentration of non-O157 STEC (O26, O45, O103, O111, O121, and O145) serogroups and virulence genes (stx and eae) in fecal, hide, and carcass samples in pre- and peri-harvest cattle worldwide, using a systematic review of the literature and meta-analyses. Data synthesis Seventy articles were eligible for meta-analysis inclusion; data from 65 articles were subjected to random-effects meta-analysis models to yield fecal prevalence estimates. Meta-regression models were built to explore variables contributing to the between-study heterogeneity. Results Worldwide pooled non-O157 serogroup, STEC, and EHEC fecal prevalence estimates (95% confidence interval) were 4.7% (3.4–6.3%), 0.7% (0.5–0.8%), and 1.0% (0.8–1.1%), respectively. Fecal prevalence estimates significantly differed by geographic region (P < 0.01) for each outcome classification. Meta-regression analyses identified region, cattle type, and specimen type as factors that contribute to heterogeneity for worldwide fecal prevalence estimates. Conclusions The prevalence of these global foodborne pathogens in the cattle reservoir is widespread and highly variable by region. The scarcity of prevalence and concentration data for hide and carcass matrices identifies a large data gap in the literature as these are the closest proxies for potential beef contamination at harvest.


The problem in this study is that many students who have the Vocational
Competency Achievement Elementary is less related to Interests Learning and
Learning Difficulties. This study aims to identify trends and significance
correlation Interests Learning and Learning Disabilities With Vocational
Competency Achievement of Student Learning Basic Skills Program Level of
Automotive Engineering Vocational in Immanuel 2012/2013 year.
This study was conducted in vocational Immanuel Medan is located on Jl.
Gatot Subroto No.. 325 Medan Even in the first half. The population in this study
all students in grade I of Automotive Engineering Vocational Skills Program
Immanuel field totaling 85 people and the sampling technique chosen at random
(random sampling) of 82% of the population of as many as 70 people. The data
were obtained through questionnaires and the amount of raw data rate of first
semester students. Validity Test conducted for grain analysis questionnaire used
product moment correlation formula, test reliability was calculated with the
formula alpha speert. The data analysis technique used to test the hypothesis of
partial correlation and multiple correlation.
The results of this study indicate (1) There is a positive and significant
relationship between the Learning Achievement Learning Interest Basic
Competency Vocational Course Level I students of automotive engineering field
SMK Immanuel 2012/2013 year amounted to ry1, 2 = 0.551, (2) There is a
negative and significant relationship between the difficulty of learning the Basic
Competency Vocational Learning Achievement Level I students of automotive
engineering program SMK Immanuel 2012/2013 year amounted to ry2,1 = -.441,
(3) There is a positive and significant co-operation between Interests Learning and
Learning Difficulties with Basic Competency Vocational Learning Achievement
Level I students of automotive engineering program SMK Immanuel 2012/2013
year amounted to R = 0.556.


This article was aimed to investigate the insights about reading competences of students in public schools in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. In particular, it was aimed to explain what and how reading competences of students looked like especially when they were related to their learning achievements at school. The article employed a library-based research design as there was little chance to do a case study to gain in-depth analysis related to the issues being investigated due to time constraint. As this was a library- based research, the main data collection technique was based on evidences derived from extensive literatures related to reading competences of high school students in this province. The analysis was mainly based on the content analytical point of views. The findings suggest that a number of factors strongly affected high school students' reading competences. Despite the case, it was identified that learning and reading cultures of Indonesian students predominantly influenced the ways they approached and made use of reading materials at their hands which eventually led to their reading achievements. The results of the research suggest that as students now live in the era of advanced communication and information technologies, provisions of these technological-based learning devices are inevitable in high schools. Moreover, the local education authorities urgently need to provide adequate reading text books and other interesting reading materials to students. In addition, it is to inform teachers and other educational stakeholders to create learning atmospheres in which students were interested in reading activities from which they could develop their reading cultures for the future


Segmentation is an important technique that is applied to prepare image for detection, classification and recognition steps. To successfully achieve these steps, we have to successfully realize the segmentation step. Therefore, several approaches have been developed yet. One of these algorithms is based on the technique of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). It has been widely applied in the literature. This paper deals with hardware implementation of PSO algorithm for medical images segmentation using Xilinx System Generator (XSG). The use of the visual development process models of Simulink facilitates the RTL level simulation and validation such as the synthesis of VHDL code. Also, all legacy codes written in Matlab can be used again in custom blocks. The performances of the proposed method are demonstrated using a set of medical images.


Understanding social networks is increasingly important in a world dominated by social media and access to enormous amounts of data. When analyzing social network data, we are often interested in the underlying structures that exist in the network. Exponential random graph models (ERGMs) are frequently used by analysts to gain a better understanding of the formation and operation of these structures. Data collection, however, always involves measurement error that causes the observed network to differ from the true network. This, in turn, introduces error into the resulting fitted model. In our study, we introduced simulated measurement error into a social network of high school friendships in order to investigate the robustness of ERGMs when faced with noisy data. The resulting ERGM coefficients and descriptive statistics of the perturbed networks were compared to the original, unperturbed values. I gratefully acknowledge the support of the Advanced Research Training for Undergraduates Program at Washington University in St. Louis and the NSF Award DMS-1055897.


Herein, we study comparatively melt-memory effects on recrystallization of two sets of linear low-density polyethylenes (LLDPE) synthesized with Ziegler–Natta (ZN-LLDPE) and with metallocene cataly...


Psychiatric symptoms typically cut across traditional diagnostic categories. In order to devise individually tailored treatments, there is a need to identify the basic mechanisms that underlie these symptoms. Behavioral economics provides a framework for studying these mechanisms at the behavioral level. Here, we utilized this framework to examine a widely ignored aspect of trauma‐related symptomatology—individual uncertainty attitudes—in combat veterans with and without posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).


This study is planned to identify and map the occurrence of dry forests (Seasonal Dry Forests or Florestas Estacionais Deciduais) associated with carbonates ...


SUBTITLE: CHILE IS EXPECTED TO CALL FOR TENDERS FOR PORT CONCESSIONS IN OCTOBER/NOVEMBER THIS YEAR: AS THE COUNTRY'S PORT REFORM PROGRAMME ENTERS THIS CRUCIAL PHASE, THERE IS GROWING INTEREST IN SEEING PRECISELY HOW MUCH THE COUNTRY HAS LEARNT FROM THE MISTAKES AND SUCCESSES OF ITS NEIGHBOURS.


Objective: Schizophrenia is characterized by significant cognitive deficits on attention, memory, executive function, language and/or sensory motor skills. In addition, patients' profile is frequently characterized by marked deficits in the domain of social cognition. Cognitive rehabilitation has recently become an essential component of the rehabilitation process in schizophrenia. However, to date is not clear whether cognitive rehabilitation impacts positively only on the cognitive deficits specifically trained, or whether the positive effects of rehabilitation training may extend also to other domains such as social cognition abilities. Thus, in the present pilot study, we wanted to see whether an intensive cognitive training, in addition to improving neuropsychological abilities, would also have had an impact on social cognition skills. Method: Ten patients affected by schizophrenia were randomly assigned to two groups: a treatment group (n = 5) undergoing an intensive computerized cognitive training, and a control group (n = 5) undergoing an unstructured computerized control intervention. A detailed neuropsychological, clinical, functional and social cognition assessment was performed before and after the intervention for all the patients. Results: A significant longitudinal effect in the treatment group was found for the BACS verbal memory (p = 0.016), and for the comic strip task – non-social (p = 0.032). A trend towards a significant effect was found for the FAB (p = 0.056). Single-case analysis via modified t-test was conducted too. Conclusions: Our preliminary results showed a significant improvement in the cognitive domain after a structured cognitive training. In addition, an improvement in some social cognition abilities was observed too, even if the impact of the cognitive intervention on these abilities was less evident. Implications for further research were discussed.


Catalyst can change the chemical equilibrium. Chemical reaction completeness in the catalytic system is expressed with standard free enthalpy variation of the last catalytical reaction step, and free enthalpy variation in catalytic system is different from that in non catalyzed system.


The Limits of Traditional Approaches to Public Policy Most academic discussion of the public policy process treats the inter national and global levels of analysis as exogenous. This reflects a gen eral tendency in social science to see domestic political systems as the paramount playing fields where political actors interact and pursue their goals. This bias is reinforced by the study of international relations, which generally treats domestic actors as subsumed into reified states, deemed to be unit actors. A "levels of analysis distinction" is thereby built into the basic analytical frameworks of social science. This image of policymaking processes as being constituted predominantly through endogenous variables?the image of the "inside"?is less and less valid. In this process, the "outside" has dramatically changed too. However, because this evolution has been extremely uneven, it has not been at all clear how these complex linkages should be treated in policy analysis. Indeed, given the democratic deficit of global governance?and despite the growing institutionalization of transnational decisionmaking processes both public and private1?the analytical predominance of the inside continues to be underpinned and reinforced by democratic notions of bottom-up legitimacy, however frayed.2 Today, however, inside and outside form a complex, uneven, and asymmetric set of multilayered cross-cutting processes and nodes of in teraction. Different economic sectors?not just firms or markets but economic activities producing distinct types of goods through distinct asset structures?are now organized formally and informally across bor ders. Collective goods too must increasingly be provided in a trans national context.3 At the same time, nongovernmental organizations (NGOs)?that is, transnational interest or pressure groups?have be come much more central to processes of change in a range of issue areas.4 Finally, government agencies and state actors are increasingly


Recently, the integer DCT (Int-DCT), which transforms an integer input to an integer output, is attracting many researchers' attention as an effective methodfor DCT-basedlossy/lossless unifiedcoding. So far, there are many reports relevant to the Int-DCT, but they have been limitedto a few topics such as how to red uce the number of multipliers with the four-point lossless Hadamard transform and the non-separable two-dimensional Int-DCT. However, none of them is focused on how to express the multipliers' word length as short as possible for the reduction of hardware complexity. In this report, we define a new ''SNR sensitivity'' as an indicator of how the word length truncation of multiplier coefficients affects quality of a reconstructedimage. Basedon the sensitivity, we propose a new wordlength allocation method. We also theoretically analyze errors in a reconstructed signal to confirm an effectiveness of the proposed method. As a result, the optimum word length allocation, which depends on a frequency spectrum of an input signal, significantly improves quality of a reconstructedimage. r 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.


BUFFALO, NY – Timothy W. Hoover, an attorney with Phillips Lytle LLP, one of the region's best known law firms, has been chosen to serve on a local board of directors and a federal appellate pro bono panel. He has been appointed by the Bar Association of Erie County to the Neighborhood Legal Services board of directors for a three-year term. Neighborhood Legal Services, Inc. (NLS) is a not-for-profit agency providing free legal services to lowincome persons and those with disabilities. In addition, Mr. Hoover was appointed by the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit to its Pro Bono Panel for a three-year term. Members of this panel provide pro bono counsel to pro se parties in civil appeals in which briefing and argument by counsel would assist the Court in deciding those cases.


This paper investigates whether trading and quoting prices are rounded for both economic and cultural reasons on the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges in China. We find that the close, bid, and ask prices of domestic shares are rounded to the nearest 10s and 5s for economic reasons, and the last decimal point of prices clusters on 8 for cultural reasons. The cross-sectional variation in 10-cent and 5-cent rounding can be well explained by price and inverse of square root of trading volume, whereas the clustering on 8 can hardly be ascribed to economic variables. The cross-sectional variation in execution costs can be ascribed to both economic variables and rounding frequencies. In addition, the prices of foreign shares traded on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange are clustered on 10s and 5s, but not on 8.


soprazole-associated collagenous colitis manifesting some characteristic clinical findings: chronic diarrhea, typical endoscopic findings, pathological evidence of collagen bands, and rapid clinical improvement after discontinuation of lansoprazole. We have also often encountered patients taking lansoprazole presenting with chronic diarrhea and typical endoscopic findings. Although one published article has stated that linear ulcers and ulcer scars should be considered specific for lansoprazole-associated collagenous colitis, another has not mentioned endoscopic findings at all [1,2]. However, severe ulcers rarely cause colonic perforation [3]. Here we present a patient with lansoprazole-associated collagenous colitis who presented a unique clinical picture, similar to that of ischemic colitis. A 78-year-old Japanese woman attended our emergency room because of abrupt onset of lower abdominal pain and heavy blood in her stool. She had been taking lansoprazole since 2 months and had chronic diarrhea. Initially, ischemic colitis was suspected and an abdominopelvic computed tomography (CT) scan revealed a thick-walled and edematous sigmoid colon (●" Fig. 1). Colonoscopy was performed to confirm the diagnosis and revealed a 20-cm long hemorrhagic, linear ulcer and a 15-cm linear ulcer scar in the sigmoid colon (●" Fig. 2). Histopathological examination of biopsy samples taken from the sigmoid colon showed subepithelial collagen bands (●" Fig. 3). Finally, a diagnosis of collagenous colitis was made. The cause was though to be lansoprazole and this was discontinued. Six days later, the patient was discharged with complete resolution of the diarrhea and abdominal pain. A repeat colonoscopy 2 months after admission showed healing linear lesions and scars (●" Fig. 4). No collagen bands were identified on a biopsy specimen. Lansoprazole-associated collagenous colitis: unique presentation, similar to ischemic colitis


Objective: To improve nurses' intention to stay. Methods: Construction of support system between nursing colleagues, hierarchical training, psychological support, "Mentors system for nurses within three years", "Secret Angel in action" were carried out to improve nurses' intention. Results: After two years of implementation, we compared nurses' intent to stay and nurse satisfaction to the nursing work before and after implementation, and the difference was statistically significant(P0.01). Nurse's turnover rate reduced from 7.8% in 2011 to 3.6% in 2013. Conclusions: The construction of colleague support system may improve the nurses' job satisfaction and nurses' intention to stay, and reduce their turnover rate.


Since the financial crisis of 2008 economic pressures mean that healthcare budgets were and still are substantially constrained. The NHS in Wales has had to face the reality of rationing healthcare. Implementation of fair and equitable rationing is a challenge, however. This is a situation where the economic concepts of scarcity, opportunity cost and the margin can support effective prioritisation and resource reallocation decisions. In this context, the aim of this research was to develop pragmatic prioritisation and resource reallocation frameworks for the Welsh Health Specialised Services Committee (WHSSC) who commission highly specialised technologies for Wales and commissioning boards in Abertawe Bro Morgannwg University Health Board (ABMUHB). The prioritisation and resource reallocation methods for WHSSC were developed over a series of prioritisation meetings resulting in a framework based on based on multi-criteria decision analysis methods. In ABMUHB, programme budgeting marginal analysis (PBMA) was the approach used and two pilot PBMAs run in different service areas. Disinvestment and 'doing less' to invest in more beneficial activities within budget were accomplished in one pilot project; the other project managed resource reallocation but revealed issues in achieving service standards. Both pilots enabled development of a PBMA Framework for ABMUHB. Group decision support methods were an important feature of implementation of decision making in all three projects. The research conducted for this thesis has shown it has been possible to develop and deliver robust, evidence based, effective and practical frameworks based on economic concepts for prioritisation, disinvestment and resource reallocation. Both organisations have taken 'ownership' of the frameworks and will make them a 'way of working' for the future rather than an academic exercise. A key learning of the research was that pragmatism must prevail if prioritisation and resource reallocation methods are to gain traction and become embedded in commissioning.


Few evidence come from the marketing literature about loyalty program management. The purpose of this paper is to contribute to a better theoretical knowledge about the strategies as well as the practical applications of the loyalty programs which are fully positioned in customer orientated problems. With a cross-sector sample, containing 71 loyalty programs, we point out two principal strategic orientations and practices: one based on clients' heterogeneity management, searching discrimination. Another one aims on the clients' management, by locking and isolating them from competitors efforts. Both are not incompatible but very complementary.


A proposal has been made to place a pulsed Doppler lidar on a space platform (Huffaker, et al., 1980; Emmitt, 1982) in a low earth orbit (200 to 800 km) to measure the atmospheric winds with a spatial resolution commensurate with the current continental rawinsonde network density - i.e., 300 to 500 km resolution. In the case of the space-based doppler lidar, the full range of space scales applies. Single shot pulses with dimensions of 10 x 1000 meters are used to sample areas 100,000 x 100,000 meters to resolved mass flow structure with wavelength of 1 million meters. Simulation studies, therefore, require an equally broad range of atmospheric models. A general circulation model is appropriate to answer questions regarding the impact of a global wind measuring system upon synoptic forecasts. Since the nominal resolution of the spacebased system is expected to be a few 100's of kilometers, then a numerical model with mesoscale dynamics is required. The meaning of an average Doppler shift within a laser pulse volume must be evaluated with models of turbulent/convective scale motions and aerosol gradients. Examples of how models on all these scales have been applied in an ongoing simulation study are presented. In particular, the uncertainties in a mesoscale wind estimate are separated into those arising from pulse scale variances and those due to sample distribution within a prescribed resolution volume. Trade-offs between accuracy and representativeness are discussed in terms of the model results.


Abstract : A dual digital to video converter (DVC) capable of accepting computer data, storing it in memory, and reformatting for display on a television screen is described in this report. The converter can be used as a general purpose tool for avionics simulation work but is constructed such that it can be flown in an aircraft if desired. Two independent sets of data, such as symbology and printed messages, can be displayed simultaneously on different television monitors or combined on one monitor if desired. The converter has its own video synchronization distribution circuitry or can be synchronized externally. (Author)


Electronic absorption measurements have been carried out on both the neutral and cationic forms of several individual compact and non‐compact PAH species in the wavelength range of 190–820 nm. The pronounced decrease in the strength of the strong near‐UV absorption bands of the neutral species upon ionization by gamma radiation is indicated by the laboratory spectra. This provides persuasive experimental evidence for resolution of the conflict between the PAH‐UIR hypothesis and the fact that expected features, which are characteristic of neutral aromatics in near‐UV, are not observed in the interstellar extinction curve.


Part 1 General Aspects: General Principles and Current Trends in Diagnostic Virology Properties and Classification of Viruses Specimen Collection, Transport and Processing for Virological Studies Quality Assurance and Laboratory Safety. Part 2 Methods Commonly Used for Virus Isolation and ldentification, Viral Antigen and Genome Detection and Antibody Determination: Virus Isolation and Identification Methods Virus Assay, Neutralization Test and Antiviral Assay Immunocytochemical Assays: Immunofluorescent and Inununoperoxidase Staining for Antigen Detection Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Antigen Detection and Antibody Determination Hemagglutination and Hemagglutination-Inhibition Complement-Fixation Test Histocytochemical Staining Nucleic Acid Hybridization Techniques Electron Microscopy and Immunoelectron Microscopy. Part 3 RNA Viruses: Recognition and Characterization of Viruses Infecting Humans Virus Morphology and Virus-Induced Cellular Changes: Picornaviridae 0rthomyxoviridae and Paramyxoviridae Other Members of Paramyxoviridae Rubella Virus Reoviridae Rhabdovirdae Retroviridae. Part 4 DNA Viruses: Recognition and Characterization of Viruses Infecting Humans Virus Morphology and Virus-Induced Cellular Changes: Adenoviridae Herpesviridae Papovavirdae Parvoviridae Poxviridae. Part 5 RNA and DNA Mixed Virus Groups: Hepatitis Viruses Arboviruses. Part 6 Cell Culture: Cell Culture Preparation Endogenous Viral and Mycoplasmal Contaminants in Cell Cultures Culture Media, Reagents, and Solutions.


A serious and inherent problem in CMOS op-amps is that their input offset voltage. Demand for a reduction of the input offset voltage of CMOS op-amps grows increasingly with the progress in lowering the supply voltage. To solve this problem, a chopper stabilized amplifier technique is used [1][2]. Since this performs offset correction using switching operations with the internal clock, its use is limited to within the low-frequency range. In addition, there are clock noise problems due to switching. Among other methods for reducing the input offset voltage is that of adjusting with an external resistance [3][4]. These methods require external terminals and adjustment parts. Furthermore, an offset calibration op-amp with feedback control has been proposed that corrects the output voltage by shorting 2 inputs of the op-amp [5][6].


Abstrcat We give a method of evaluation with the sequence weighted all value which based on the thought in reference .


PCl5 und PCl3 reagieren leicht mit Benzhydroxamsaure. Mit PCl5 entsteht je nach den Reaktionsbedingungen (benzhydroxamato)PCl3 (II), (benzhydroxamato)2PCl (III) und H[P(benzhydroxamato)3] (IV). III last sich mit SbF3 zu (benzhydroxamato)2PF (VI) fluorieren. Mit SO2 entsteht aus II (benzhydroxamato)P(O)Cl (VII). PCl3 setzt sich mit Benzhydroxamsaure zu (benzhydroxamato)PCl (VIII) und (benzhydroxamato)2PH (IX) um.

Reactions of PCl5 and PCl3 with Benzohydroxamic Acid. Benzohydroxamato Derivatives of Phosphorus

PCl5 and PCl3 react easily with benzohydroxamic acid. With PCl5 (benzohydroxamato)PCl3 (II), (benzohydroxamato)2PCl (III) and H[P(benzohydroxamato)3] (IV) are formed depending on the reaction conditions. III can be fluorinated with SbF3 to give (benzohydroxamato)2PF (VI). With SO2 II yields (benzohydroxamato)P(O)Cl (VII). PCl3 reacts with benzohydroxamic acid to give (benzohydroxamato)PCl (VIII) and (benzohydroxamato)2PH (IX).


Objectives To analyze the status of medical students' mental health and influencing factors and propose health management strategy for improving psychological conditions.Methods A survey was conducted by self-designed questionnaire combined with relevant scales through the use of Epidate 3.0、SPSS18.0statistical analysis.Results The percentage of psychological sub-health among medical students was 6.20%especially in aspects of obsessive-compulsive disorder,interpersonal sensitivity and psychoticism.The result of univariate Logistic regression analysis indicated that 19 variables had significant differences in regression equation.And multivariate Logistic regression analysis indicated that relevant influencing factors about medical students' psychological sub-health including different regional sources,whether the one-child,interpersonal factors,study pressure,the score grading of interpersonal distress and father's preference.Conclusions The situation of medical students' psychological subhealth was slightly good while obsessive-compulsive disorder,interpersonal sensitivity and psychoticism draw attention.An effective method should be taken for improving the psychological health of medical students.


Author describes the morphological structure and exomorphodynamics of equatorial mountains. They are forming under condition of non-seasonal climate with excessive watering. Equatorial morphogenesis plays significant role in the transient mountains formation at the boundaries of the climatic zones.


In this paper, I will dicuss positive present tense forms in spoken Khalkha Mongolian. Khalkha is analyzed to have five non-finite aspect markers, the Progressive, Continuative, Habitual, Perfect, ...


The contribution of this paper is to introduce heuristics, that go beyond safe state abstraction in hierarchical reinforcement learning, to approximate a decomposed value function. Additional improvements in time and space complexity for learning and execution may outweigh achieving less than hierarchically optimal performance and deliver anytime decision making during execution. Heuristics are discussed in relation to HEXQ, a MDP partitioning that generates a hierarchy of abstract models using safe state abstraction. The approximation methods are illustrated empirically.


To understand the reliability of PMUs, it is important to quantify the effect of errors on applications that use synchrophasor data. In this paper, a model of PMU estimation error, based on the performance of the Annex C Reference Signal Processing Model of IEEE Std. C37.118.1-2011 amended by C37.118.1a-2014, is built to generate the impaired data for data impairment evaluation. Based on standard tests under different PMU operation states and input disturbances, the generic model is parameterized to generate the impaired PMU estimation error under different real conditions.


Under the Institutional Capacity Strengthening (ICS) Project of the Matching Grant (MG) the Community Health Department (CHD) of the Aga Khan Health Service Kenya (AKHSK) successfully accomplished its two objectives - 1) to build the internal capacity of CHD to provide technical assistance to local stakeholders/partners i.e. CBOs NGOs government entities and/or private sector and 2) to improve the capacity of local stakeholders/partners to provide health-related services to communities. In so doing CHD has directly and indirectly helped to ensure the sustained provision of primary care services and forward health sector reform in Kenya by giving communities and local organizations more control over the management provision and financing of their health services. CHD has developed and validated the effectiveness of a robust model for enhancing the confidence and competence of community organizations i.e. the village health committees and the dispensary health committees. (excerpt)


This technical article is concerned with the bumpless transfer control synthesis of a class of discrete-time switched linear systems with general persistent dwell-time (PDT) switching signals. A novel piecewise transition-dependent controller facilitating the control synthesis is designed, which ensures the stability of the closed-loop system as well as the bumpless transfer at the occurrence of the switching. By imposing the given bumps limitation constraints, sufficient conditions on the existence of the controller are developed for the nominal systems. The results are extended to the case of the disturbed systems with an ensured $\ell _{2}$-gain. Numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness and potential of the theoretical results.


Over the last two decades, there has been increasing interest in the effects of contemporary technological developments upon the social structure of the advanced industrial societies. In fact, a growing body of contemporary literature has been devoted to the impact of technological change upon production, work, and social life. A more limited number of studies have focused specifically upon the relationships between technology and organizational srructure.' However, in general, the relationship between new technology and organizational change has received very little attenticn.f This essay seeks to contribute to the existing body of knowledge on the relationship of technology to organizational change. It focuses specifically on the effects of the application of microelectronic technology to areas of organizational activity in the advanced industrial societies of Western Europe, North America, and Japan. The main thesis of this essay is that the widespread application of micro-electronic technology in these societies is contributing to the transformation of the basic structure of their large-scale or-


An optical multiplexed homogeneous (liquid phase) immunoassay based on FRET from a terbium complex to eight different fluorescent dyes is presented. We achieved highly sensitive parallel detection of four different lung cancer specific tumor markers (CEA, NSE, SCC and CYFRA21-1) within a single assay and show a proof-of-principle for 5- fold multiplexing. The method is well suited for fast and low-cost miniaturized point-of-care testing as well as for highthroughput screening in a broad range of in-vitro diagnostic applications.


This study examines the relationship between specific company characteristics and the extent of voluntary social disclosure practices of 100 Jakarta Stock Exchange (JSX) listed entities for the 2004 financial year. While descriptive statistical analysis indicates that the overall mean of voluntarily social disclosures is low at 14.15%, multiple regression analysis reveals that company size and international operations are positive and significant predictors of this disclosure. It appears companies with these characteristics disclose more social information in their annual reports to satisfy the interests of a greater number of key stakeholders through annual report disclosures.


Susceptibility of Heliothis virescens (F.), Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), Pseudoplusia includens (Walker), Spodoptera exigua (Hubner), and Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) to purified endotoxins and commercial formulations of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner was measured in a wide range of colonies collected from 8 states in the U.S. Cotton Belt during 1992 and 1993. Results indicated that field-collected colonies of H. virescens, H. zea, P. includens, and S. frugiperda were as susceptible as laboratory-reared colonies and those reported in the literature to the purified endotoxin proteins Cry1Ac and Cry1Ab or the commercial formulations Javelin WG, Dipel ES, and Condor OF in diet-treated assays. Colonies of S. exigua collected from transgenic cotton expressing endotoxin protein had elevated median lethal concentrations (LC50s) compared with a colony collected from nontransgenic cotton or those from laboratory colonies. Ranges of LC50s for field-collected colonies of H. virescens generally were similar to the ranges observed for laboratory colonies and similar to those reported in the literature. Wider ranges of variation in LC50s were observed among populations of H. zea and S. exigua than among populations of the other species. However, the highest LC50 observed for H. zea was no higher than those reported in the literature. Only a few colonies of P. includens and S. exigua were tested. P. includens susceptibility was generally greater than that of H. virescens and less than that of H. zea. S. frugiperda was the least susceptible species studied. Variability in LC50s obtained with Cry1Ac ( r = 0.702) correlated with variability in LC50s for Cry1Ab across 13 colonies of H. virescens exposed to both proteins. Colonies of H. zea and H. virescens were pooled into single colonies and selected with the insecticidal proteins to produce endotoxin-resistant strains. Selection for resistance in H. virescens was not successful, but a strain of H. zea was selected that had elevated LC50s (10 times) after 2 generations and very high LC50s compared with a susceptible laboratory strain (100 times) after 8 generations, suggesting that H. zea has the genetic capacity to develop resistance to endotoxin proteins.


Black seed (Nigella sativa) is a widely used medicinal plant throughout the world. Seeds and oil have a long history of folklore usage in various systems of medicines and food. The fruits of jujube (Ziziphus jujuba) are being consumed all around the world because of their health benefits, as both food and herbal medicine. The aim of this research was to evaluate Proximate and elemental compositions of Black seed and Jujube as formulation for managing peptic ulcer. Proximate composition of jujube, black seed and formulation of black seed and jujube was carried out and the contents of moisture, carbohydrate, fats, fibers, proteins and ash were determined according to standard AOAC, 2010 method. Mineral elements (Zn, Fe, Cu, Cr, Mg, Ca, Na, K, As, Pb) were also determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometric method. The result revealed that jujube has higher carbohydrate, fiber and ash contents of 46.60%, 32.17% and 12.87% respectively, while black seed has higher fats and crude protein contents (35.9% and 9.47% respectively). Elemental composition revealed that black seed has higher zinc, iron, copper, and sodium contents of 1.91 mg/L, 6.95 mg/L, 2.42 mg/L, and 27.23 mg/L respectively. Black seed and jujube can be consumed alone or in combination as they are highly enriched with nutrients which are essential for physiological body functioning and can facilitate healing in ulcer treatment.


Keywords: Pieu geoterhmique ; test in situ ; Swiss Tech Convention Center Reference EPFL-TALK-202773 Record created on 2014-11-07, modified on 2016-08-09


Abstract Hastisetae are detachable setae typical of the larvae of Megatomine (Dermestidae). These setae are commonly recognized as contaminants of stored products and work and living environments. Exposure to hastisetae through direct contact, ingestion, and inhalation causes inflammation symptoms in human. For these setae, beyond the biomechanical defensive action, a possible secretory function has been recently hypothesized. Through an ultrastructural study of the insertion of hastisetae of Trogoderma granarium, performed integrating histology, SEM, and ion milling, the present paper reconsiders hastisetae morphological categorization and function. The results demonstrate, contrary to previous hypotheses, that hastisetae are not capable of any secretory activity and how these bristles cannot be considered as "true setae". The existence of a fully developed sensorial apparatus indicates that hastisetae belong to a unique type of highly modified mechanoreceptors.


In situations where it is difficult for patients to visit hospitals, such as the coronavirus disease pandemic, it is important to more detailly predict hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) from flash glucose monitor (FGM) data. CGM data over 14 days can be obtained from a FGM sensor; therefore, there are many options for extracting the duration from which glucose levels are derived. Thus, the extracted durations were closely studied to determine which mean glucose levels can predict HbA1c more accurately. Seventy-three outpatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus underwent HbA1c testing, wore a FGM (FreeStyle Libre Pro), and did not change diabetic treatments, on a hospital visit. FGM data over 24 h х 13 days (from 00:00 on day 2 to 24:00 on day 14 [FGM attachment: day 1]) were analyzed. The mean glucose levels were calculated corresponding to the following durations: 1 day: day 2 ~ day 14 (n=13), 2 days: days 2-3 ~ days 13-14 (n=12) … 12 days: days 2-13 ~ days 3-14 (n=2), 13 days: days 2-14 (n=1) [total 91 durations] (extracted mean glucose levels). Data were analyzed in all patients (n=73), in patients with hypoglycemia in the 13 days (Hypo) group (n=40), and in patients without hypoglycemia in the 13 days (Nonhypo) group (n=33). In all patients, HbA1c was correlated to all 91 extracted mean glucose levels (r=0.76-0.86, p<0.001). HbA1c was the most significantly correlated to the mean glucose levels over 13 days (days 2-14). "Correlation coefficients between HbA1c and extracted mean glucose levels" ("r, HbA1c, EMGL") were also correlated to number of extracted days for the extracted mean glucose levels (r=0.80, p<0.001 [n=91]). In the Hypo group, HbA1c was correlated to all 91 extracted mean glucose levels (r=0.55-0.73, p<0.001). The mean glucose levels over 13 days (days 2-14) were the most significantly correlated to HbA1c. "r, HbA1c, EMGL" correlated to the number of extracted days for the extracted mean glucose levels (r=0.68, p<0.001; Fig. 2). In the Nonhypo group, HbA1c was correlated to all 91 extracted mean glucose levels (r=0.73-0.87, p<0.001). The mean glucose levels over 12 days (days 2-13) were the most significantly correlated to HbA1c. "r, HbA1c, EMGL" correlated to the number of extracted days for the extracted mean glucose levels (r=0.61, p<0.001). The results of the present study are consistent with that of a previous study reporting that the minimum duration needed to estimate time in range over 90 days is 14 days. In the prediction of HbA1c using data from one FGM sensor, prolonged measurement can make the glucose management indicator more accurate. Especially for patients with hypoglycemia, the importance of prolonged measurement may be applicable.


To evaluate by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) if left ventricle papillary muscle abnormalities, such as hypertrophy and abnormal location, may be the anatomo-functional substrates responsible for TWI inversion in lateral or infero-lateral leads in otherwise healthy athletes.

 We included competitive athletes with TWI in lateral or infero-lateral leads in the absence of cardiac diseases detected by CMR. The control population included healthy athletes with normal ECG, matched for age and gender. We compared thickness, volume (both absolute and relative to the cardiac mass) and position of the papillary muscles between cases and controls.

 We included 53 athletes with apparently unexplained TWI in the lateral or infero-lateral leads (median age 20 years (17–42), 86.8% males) and 53 athletes with no TWI matched for age and gender. 4 patients (7.6%) had family history for cardiomyopathy or sudden cardiac death. Athletes with TWI showed more hypertrophic papillary muscles compared to controls, with statistically significant difference in diameter, area and volume (p<0.01). The median ratio between the papillary muscles and the left ventricular mass was 4.4% among athletes with TWI versus 3% among those without TWI (p<0.001). Papillary muscles showed apical displacement in 47% of cases, compared to 17% in the control group (p=0.001).

 Idiopathic TWI in lateral or infero-lateral leads is associated with left ventricle papillary muscle hypertrophy and their apical displacement detected by CMR. The comprehension of clinical and prognostic significance of papillary muscle abnormalities responsible for these ventricular repolarization alterations requires further studies.
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 Type of funding source: None


Background: Climate change has adversarial impact on social and economic development, with negative consequences on living conditions, health outcomes and labour productivity. Although there is ample literature that highlights the use of renewable energy, especially solar energy, in mitigating the effects of climate change, empirical evidence linking benefits of renewable energy with educational access and attainment is very limited. Results: By using school level data between 2013-18 from Pakistan, this paper estimates the effectiveness of the policy regarding power supply to schools through solar energy on enrolment. Using a difference-in-difference estimation and controlling for school-specific and infrastructure-specific characteristics, we show that average enrolment per school in Punjab increased by 48.5 students, compared to average enrolment per school elsewhere in Pakistan, after the policy of installing solar panels at schools in Punjab was announced. Furthermore, gender-wise breakup of results suggest that the policy resulted in increased enrolment for boys' schools, girls' school and mixed-gender schools. The results are consistent when standard errors are normal, robust, or clustered at the province level. Policy implications: Limitation of the study includes unidentified mechanisms for the policy effect and heterogeneous effects on gender, which should be the focus of future research.


Carotid endarterectomy remains an effective procedure despite the introduction of carotid artery stenting. We have established a simple but sophisticated protocol for surgery, management of patients, and education of surgeons to prevent perioperative complications. Using our treatment strategy and education system, we performed 422 CEAs on 372 patients as the first-line choice for carotid artery stenosis between 2002 and 2009. Four experienced surgeons performed 121 procedures, and 15 inexperienced surgeons performed 301 procedures. Surgical morbidity and mortality rates within 1 month were 1.6% and 0%, respectively, for the experienced surgeons, and 1.4% and 0.2%, respectively, for the inexperienced surgeons. Our results are acceptable compared with other clinical studies. The defined procedural protocol, including thorough systemic control, especially prevention of ischemic heart disease, and an education system reduce surgical morbidity and mortality rates, even for inexperienced surgeons.


Isosurface rendering is a technique for viewing and understanding many large data sets from both science and engineering. With the advent of multi-gigabit-per-second network backbones such as Internet2 and fast local networking technology, scientists are looking at new ways to share and explore large data sets remotely. Telemedicine, which encompasses both videoconferencing and remote visualization is likely to be in widespread use with these advances. Despite the availability of increased bandwidth, two challenges remain. First, the time it takes to locate cells intersecting an isosurface of interest must be reduced for large data sets; a cell extraction technique that scales with data size is also critical. The second challenge has to do with the mitigating the effects of network latency on the overall isosurface visualization time. We present a remote isosurface visualization technique that addresses these two challenges. Isosurface extraction delays are reduced through the use of a search-optimized, chessboarded interval tree data structure on the disk. Network transport delays are reduced by sending cells extracted from the chessboarded data on the server, compressing it by about 87%. In addition, network transport delays are hidden effectively by overlapping data transport with server side functions. On a 100 Mbits/sec. switched LAN, the remote visualization time-the time between the issue of a query from the client side to the server and the displaying of a complete image on the client is only a few seconds for most isovalues in the well-known visible woman data set.


Household interviews were conducted in 1978, to study the characteristics of health insurance policy holders and the utilization of health insurance service by civil servants and retired civil servants. The survey was done in three sample areas, i. e. the Metropolitan city of Jakarta, two regencies in East Java and two regencies in Bali. An analysis was done to study the utilization of the health insurance service. The demand for medical treatment among civil servants and retired civil servants was respectively 13.6 - 20.1 and 11.9 - 18.2 per 100 people monthly, and the monthly utilization of health insurance service amounted to 6.9 - 11.1 and 6.7 - 11.5 per 100 people. Demands for hospital care and spectacles among civil servants and retired civil servants were respectively 3.0 — 3.3 and 2.2 - 2.6 per 100 people in 6 months period, and the utilization of health insurance was respectively 1.6 — 2.4 and 1.0 — 1.5 per 100 people in the same period. The health insurance service could meet the need of health insurance policy holders in that respectively 59.0 % and 56.1 %of the demand for medical treatment among civil servants and retired civil servants were fulfilled by the health insurance service. 71.3 % of civil servants and 80.6% of retired civil servants had made use of the health insurance service for their demand for hospital care, spectacles and hearing aid.


We develop a new upper bound on the capacity of the relay channel that is tighter than previously known upper bounds. This upper bound is proved using traditional weak converse techniques involving mutual information inequalities and Gallager-type explicit identification of auxiliary random variables. We show that the new upper bound is strictly tighter than all previous bounds for the Gaussian relay channel with non-zero channel gains. When specialized to the relay channel with orthogonal receiver components, the bound resolves a conjecture by Kim on a class of deterministic relay channels. When further specialized to the class of product-form relay channels with orthogonal receiver components, the bound resolves a generalized version of Cover's relay channel problem, recovers the recent upper bound for the Gaussian case by Wu et al., and improves upon the recent bounds for the binary symmetric case by Wu et al. and Barnes et al., which were obtained using non-traditional geometric proof techniques. For the special class of a relay channel with orthogonal receiver components, we develop another upper bound on the capacity which utilizes an auxiliary receiver and show that it is strictly tighter than the bound by Tandon and Ulukus. Finally, we show through the Gaussian relay channel with i.i.d. relay output sequence that the bound with the auxiliary receiver can be strictly tighter than our main bound.


Objective To discuss the relationship between vaginal flora in late trimester of pregnancy and pregnancy outcome. Methods Clinical data of 110 pregnant women with vaginal dysbacteriosis in late trimester of pregnancy admitted into our hospital from May 2010 to May 2013(experimental group) and another 100 pregnant women in third trimester were in normal conditions after laboratory examinations(control group) were analyzed retrospectively. Results As to common pathogenic bacteria in vaginal infection,Candida mycoderma bacteria was the most common.In the experimental group,the incidences of premature rupture of fetal membranes and puerperal infection were 35.45% and 28.18% respectively,while in the control group,they were 10.00% and 3.00% in turn,compared between the two groups,the differences were all statistically significant(P 0.05).In addition,the incidence of neonatal infection in the experimental group was 25.45%,which was higher than that of the control group(1.00%)(P0.05). Conclusion Candida mycoderma bacteria as the most frequently seen bacteria in vaginal infection in late trimester of pregnancy,which has impacts on pregnancy outcome at varied degrees such as premature rupture of fetal membranes,puerperal infection and neonatal infection,etc.It seriously affected the qualities of maternal and fetal survival,which is necessary on early diagnosis and prevention.


Using the X/sup n//sup +/(1s/sup 2/)+He/sup 2+/ colliding systems as specific examples, we study the origin dependence of results in the application of the two-state exponential model, and we show the relevance of polarization effects in that study. Our analysis shows that polarization effects of the He/sup +/(1s) orbital due to interaction with X/sup (//sup n//sup +1)+/ ion in the exit channel yield a very small contribution to the energy difference and render the dynamical coupling so strongly origin dependent that it invalidates the basic premises of the model. Further study, incorporating translation factors in the formalism, is needed.


Nano TiO_(2-x)N_x powders were prepared by self-doping chemical precipitation process.The powders were loaded onto a substrate fixed by an inorganic adhesion.The noble metal modified M/TiO_(2-x)N_x was prepared by drop coating,which was characterized by XRD,XPS and UV-visible absorption spectrometry.The visible-light photocatalytic activities of M/TiO_(2-x)N_x were investigated by photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange solution.Deposition of Ag,Pt,Pd and Rh enhanced the photocatalytic activity of TiO_(2-x)N_x.The ability to degrade the methyl orange solution was in the order of Pd/TiO_(2-x)N_xPt/TiO_(2-x)N_xRh/TiO_(2-x)N_xAg/TiO_(2-x)N_xTiO_(2-x)N_x.The photocatalytic activity depended on the generation and transfer pathway of photogenerated electrons in the M/TiO_(2-x)N_x photocatalyst.


During the last years some computer-assisted semen analysis (CASA) software have appeared to assist the laboratory andrologist labour, but the detailed method of these systems have been hidden to the scientific community because of commercial interests. In this work a simple and efficient CASA system is presented from the computer vision researcher point of view to amend the absence of technical papers in this field. The proposed system measures the concentration and motility of spermatozoa using simple but effective computer vision techniques and generates its results according to the WHO standards in andrology.


The artificial nail or tip arrangement (artificial nail or tip arrangement) and a method of manufacturing the same are provided. The arrangement comprises at least one body (body) with a concave when a shape that corresponds to the natural nail. In addition, the arrangement comprises a first surface and an adhesive layer (adhesive layer) having a second surface facing. The first surface is adhered to at least a portion of the concave lower face of the at least one body, the second surface is provided when it is applied to the natural fingernail so that the adhesion to the natural nail. In addition, the arrangement comprises a removable layer (removable layer), and removable layer as possible can be removed covering the second surface of the adhesive layer, so as to expose the second surface of the adhesive layer for application to the natural fingernail. The removable layer is provided with at least one concave body when the adhesive surface of the first plurality of slits to maintain a smooth surface of the removable layer subsequent bonding of the (slit).


As the demand and market for building maintenance are increasing, automated building façade cleaning has become essential. Robots are replacing human workers because cleaning work on high-rise buildings using gondolas can be dangerous. Several façade cleaning robots have been developed for climbing, and practical knowledge to clean the façade is being adopted in their cleaning devices. In this study, a passive linkage suspension mechanism and tri-star wheels are applied to solve the problems of unclean zones due to failures during overcoming obstacles and the problems through the use of additional actuators. Various mechanism models have been introduced and their performances have been compared based on dynamic simulation considering obstacle encounters.


Lycopene,a yellowish or red carotenoid which widely distributes in the nature is a functional natural pigment.It is mainly used as food additive,natural dyestuff,cosmetic,etc.Moreover,it has unique physicochemical properties and various physiological functions which include anticancerous,antioxidative,immunity enhancing and cardiovascular disease preventing properties,etc.The main extraction processes for lycopene are organic solvent extraction,enzyme reaction,supercritical fluid extraction,microwave extraction and ultrasonic extraction.Its main determination methods are paper chromatography,thin layer chromatography,high performance liquid chromatography and differential scanning colorimetry.Lycopene will be applied in wider fields with further studies.


Fiber Metal Laminates (FML) are hybrid materials consisting of alternating layers of thin metal sheets and composite layers. GLARE is the best known example of these laminates and is applied in the Airbus A380. The main incentive for the development of these hybrids is their excellent Damage Tolerant behavior when compared to metal alloys. When compared to composite materials, FML offer some plasticity and can be manufactured applying simple (metal) manufacturing processes.


Sealed-tude pyrolysis of BMe3 permits isolation of the compound (BMe)6(CH)4 in 25% yield; n.m.r. evidence shows six equivalent BMe and four equivaient CH groups, and an adamantane-like structure is prosposed for the boron–carbon cage.


One of the main goals in the study of the automorphism group Aut {Jt) of a countable, recursively saturated model Jt of Peano Arithmetic is to determine to what extent (the isomorphism type of) Jt is recoverable from (the isomorphism type of) Aut(^). A countable, recursively saturated model Jt of PA is characterized up to isomorphism by two invariants: its first-order theory Th(^ ) and its standard system SSy {Jt). At present, there seems to be no indication of how to recover any information about Th {Jt) from Aut {Jt) with the exception of whether or not Th {Jt) is True Arithmetic. We define the notion of arithmetically saturated in Definition 1.7; however, a model Jt of PA is arithmetically saturated if and only if it is recursively saturated and the standard cut is a strong cut. The following is our main theorem.


This article is motivated by a decline in the sales of fishery catches for fishermen in urban areas, and it poses challenges in meeting aspects of meeting daily needs. The purpose of this study is to see how fishermen adapt to resilience and face challenges from problems that arise during the pandemic and have an impact on decreasing capture fisheries marketing results. This study uses the Buheji Economic Resilience approach (2018), namely the ability to understand a problem faced by the community from uncontrolled conditions. The research method uses qualitative data analysis unit, namely the fishermen group. Data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the study show that the economic resilience of fishermen groups shows that there are differences in the process of carrying out their resilience, depending on the capacity of each fisherman. With this, they have different forms of resilience strategies in fulfilling their needs, so they have diverse livelihood activities to meet their needs such as changing livelihoods, managing catches and adding livelihoods.


For suppression of Drosophila melanogaster Meigen, adults were sterilized with 1% (w/v) aqueous apholate and released in ¼-acre tomato field plots at Beltsville, Maryland, in 1961 and 1962 at a ratio of about 20 or 25 sterile males to 1 native male.

The 1961 releases in 2 separate areas resulted in maximum reductions of about 86 and 44%, respectively, in the number of adults developing from eggs laid by trapped native females collected from these areas and held separately in the laboratory. The 1962 releases resulted in about a 50% maximum reduction in the development of adult progeny from the eggs of similar females and an average suppression of native flies of about 80% for 7 weeks in the field plots.


I am pleased to have the opportunity to respond to Farad Dalal's provocative paper: The Ethics of Supervision (Dalal, 2021). In this paper, Dalal turned his considerable intellect to the question of the 'ethics of supervision, rather than ethical issues in supervision'. He also made the point that he is specifically interested in supervision in the context of training (Dalal, 2021). I find myself, however, in profound disagreement with Dalal's premises and conclusions. Dalal started his paper with polarized choices in his first paragraphs. Psychotherapy is either a science or it is an 'intersubjective relational activity' (Dalal, 2021). In asking us to make this choice, and others, Dalal set up a world in which we are offered only polarized views from which to choose one. Further, as his exploration continued, it became apparent to me that Dalal was setting up 'straw men' in order to knock them over with his logic. This approach contrasts sharply with a group analysis which emphasizes complexity of thought over polarization. For example, it seems to me a long time ago that scientists were considered, as Dalal considers them, to be 'neutral and detached, and not invested in this or that outcome' (Dalal, 2021). 1050779 GAQ0010.1177/05333164211050779Group AnalysisBacha: Response to Dalal research-article2021


The invention relates to neutralized agents antibacterial, antifungal or antiprozoisch treated polymer molding compositions, processes for their preparation and their use in molded articles, especially medical articles.


The following paper describes a data-driven predictive approach that has been applied to analyze the mental soundness of the user through their Tweets. Social media platforms have gained immense popularity in the past decade and have active participants which share most of their daily activities on these platforms. Many of the platforms also share much of their personal information along with the data open to the public for research and other purposes. Datasets from different social media platforms are helpful in many fields like sociology and psychology. In this work, the number of tweets in which opinions are highly unstructured and are either positive or negative or sometimes neutral is being used for the analysis. Sentiment Analysis can be supported with several machine learning algorithms to classify the mental health of the user. Simulation results show the enhancement in sentiment analysis of the Twitter data for the intuitive mental wellness of a person. This paper highlights the methodology for mental health analysis for the intuitive well-being of the person. It uses sentiment analysis and its approach to analyze the mental well-being of Twitter users.


This is a guide to finding resources in the field of sociology. Resources on the web that may be of use to sociology


A description logic (DL) is a knowledge representation formalism which may provide interesting inference services for diverse application areas. This paper first gives an overview of the benefits which a DL may provide for computer vision. The main body of the paper presents recent work at Hamburg University on extending DLs to handle spatial reasoning and default reasoning.


English language and communications skills have undergo tremendous changes in the recent years globally.Increasingly, people realise that they need English language and communication skills not only in employment butalso in full participation in social and political discourses, and Information and Communication Technology. Studieshave shown that while learners have the motivation and innate ability to learn English, there is lack of requisiteopportunities to learn and practice the language. This is because many English language learning proficiencyprogrammes especially in Tanzania are unstructured and not tailored to learners' particular interests; this is inaddition to using methodologies that emphasize on teaching about language instead of teaching language use. Thecurrent study therefore sought to explore the roles in which universities in Tanzania could play to address the risingmarket demand of English language proficiency programmes with the aim of providing outreach services andgenerate revenue. Face to face interviews, telephone conversations, focus group discussion, questionnaires, anddocumentary review were carried out during data collection. The findings show that the demand for Englishlanguage proficiency programmes in Tanzania is strong. Similarly, the assessment of motivation and expectationindicates that availability of professional teachers and practical sessions, fair fee structure, and learners' passion forlearning the language were key drivers behind attending the programme. This implies that English languageproficiency is a potential niche market which Tanzanian universities could exploit to meet the rising languagedemands and at the same time generate the much required income.


It has been shown that a single diploid cell contains almost 2 meters of DNA. The chromatin is a tightly packed, 3-dimensional, knot-free fractal globule of DNA. This 3-dimensional structure is known to affect the functions of the chromosomes. The spatial organization of the genomic material, or even a single chromosome, affects functions such as gene regulation, DNA replication, epigenetic modification etc. Many diseases like cancer have also been characterized by alterations in spatial organization (Hu et al. [2]). This not only motivates the study of chromatin 3D structure, but also exposes an uncharted field of computational biology, providing developmental opportunity for statistical and computational methods. Chromosome capture conformation technologies that have grown in popularity and capacity in the last decade provide different kinds of high throughput data such as 3C, 4C, 5C, Hi-C etc. With the increase in computational power, these data-collection methods provide a 2-dimensional, numerical rendering of the 3D structure that can be analyzed with statistical or computational models. This paper aims to review the only two existing Bayesian models that aim to infer the consensus 3D chromosomal structure from Hi-C data. There exist other optimization based models that aim to do the same, but will not be covered in this paper. As we study these models that infer the 3D chromatin structure, it is important to acknowledge the highly dynamic nature of genetic material; the chromatin structure is not constant even within cells of a same kind. This is why the two models we cover in this paper aim to infer a 'consensus' 3D structure of the chromosomes or genome. However, "whether chromatin exhibits a consensus local 3D chromosomal structure is still under debate" (Hu et al.[1]). This is a cautionary reminder that inferring a consensus structure is ineffectual if there is no knowledge about the structural variance. This hurdle along with other drawbacks and achievements will be addressed later in the paper.