Ultra‐thin films of subphthalocyanine (SubPc) were grown onto Si/SiO2 substrates by organic molecular beam deposition and the complex refractive index has been characterized by spectroscopic ellipsometry. The peak maximum in the extinction coefficient is determined to be 1.6 at 590 nm and the dielectric constant equals 3.9 in the limit of long wavelength. These values are extraordinary high when compared to the well‐known metal‐phthalocyanines and will be beneficial for the performance in a photovoltaic cell. The amorphous SubPc structure on top of indium‐tin‐oxide (ITO) as well as quartz glass is imaged by atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy and we have characterized the nearly flat surface topology. Next, subphthalocyanine films in combination with buckminsterfullerene (C60) have been studied in a planar bilayer donor/acceptor heterojunction by current density‐voltage characterization under AM 1.5 simulated illumination at various light intensities. A power conversion efficiency of 3.0 % under 1 sun was measured. Finally, the external and internal quantum efficiencies demonstrated peak maxima at 590 nm of 46 % and 55 %, respectively. Considering the abrupt junction at the donor/acceptor interface, the electron transfer from SubPc to the acceptor material is thus determined to be highly efficient.


Residual cyst is an inflammatory odontogenic cyst resultant from pulp necrosis, where the tooth has already been removed. Bisphosphonates are drugs used in the prevention and treatment of bone metabolism diseases with intense resorption activity, and they have been associated with osteonecrosis of the jaws, an important side effect. The aim of this study was to report a successful surgical treatment of a residual cyst in a patient who had previously developed jaw osteonecrosis associated with sodium alendronate use. We emphasize here the importance of safe preoperative procedures when approaching these patients.


Henry James's The Sacred Fount may be read as a creative examination of the puzzle and the mystery of the act of writing. It may be other things as well, but, as Dorothea Krook remarks, "the curious fable" dramatizes "the irreducible, insoluble mystery in the heart of the creative process itself." Leo Levy reads The Sacred Fount as "a kind of novel in reverse that investigates the matrix from which novels emerge." Naomi Lebowitz says that the narrator is "the novelist in the act of composition." Tony Tanner has the narrator looking for "the laws which govern the act of artistic creation," and "risking madness in his efforts to turn the fruits of his wondering into art." Patricia Merivale notes that the narrator is interested in "turning . . . others into the characters of his own fiction; he is, as it were, writing a novel about them." Sergio Perosa agrees that the narrator is trying "to create ... an artistic reality."!


Worldwide interest is increasing in high-current (>10- mA) high-power (>1 MW) proton accelerators. Applications vary, but most uses rely on production of spallation neutrons, with a nominal proton beam energy of about 1000 MeV. Several separate, but collaborative, programs are pursuing development and testing of the low-energy sections of these accelerators, and are proceeding with detailed designs of the full accelerators. Operational reliability and near-elimination of beam trips are more important than ever, especially for the accelerator-driven systems (ADS) that might feed a sub- critical reactor that produces energy and transmutes long- lived isotopes. Both linear accelerators and cyclotrons are considered for this power range. Super-conducting structures are preferred for high-power linacs. High-power RF systems, extensive cooling, and extremely low beam losses are common needs for these machines. This paper discusses several high-power accelerator projects, addressing specifically the commonality of their designs, mentioning the options under consideration, and then summarizing what has been achieved or learned in the setup and testing of each. Somewhat more detail will be given on LEDA (low-energy demonstration accelerator), where a 6.7-MeV RFQ is being characterized with a 100- mA, cw proton beam.


Intramolecular cycloadditions of the nitrones 9 and 14 show moderate to good stereoselections in favour of the cis-fused diastereoisomers 10 or 16, respectively.


The data presented in this report had already been submitted for publication at the time of the Lilly Symposium. To facilitate the understanding of references to this work which appear in the discussion, a brief summary of the results follows. Metabolic balance studies and comparative intravenous tolerance tests with glucose, fructose, and galactose have been carried out before, during, and after therapy with the arylsulfonylurea compounds. These studies were carried out in normal subjects and in patients with diabetes mellitus. Particular emphasis was given to a study performed in a patient with diabetes mellitus who had undergone hypophysectomy two months previously. It was hoped that the metabolic effects of these agents might be better demonstrated in a patient in whom several endocrine homeostatic mechanisms had been replaced by controlled hormone administration. The hypophysectomized diabetic patient showed agood but not an excessive response to both the aminobenzene and the toluene derivatives. In addition the


FOREWORD. Social Capital Theory and Practice Twenty Years Out. Mark R. Warren CHAPTER 1. Social capital and community development: An introduction. John M. Halstead and Steven C. Deller. CHAPTER 2. A Brief History of Social Capital Research. Shannon H. Rogers and Patricia M. Jarema. CHAPTER 3. How the built environment affects social capital at the community level. Kevin M. Leyden and Abraham Goldberg. CHAPTER 4. Social Capital, Communities, and the Firm. Bjorn Markeson and Steven C. Deller. CHAPTER 5. Social Capital, County Information Networks and Poverty Reduction. Stephan J. Goetz and Yicheol Han. CHAPTER 6. Measuring social capital at the neighborhood scale through a community based framework. Shannon H. Rogers and Kevin H. Gardner CHAPTER 7. Social Capital and Community Planning. Mary A. Friedman and Andria V. Fraser. CHAPTER 8. The relationship between social capital and ecosystem services: A regional analysis. Patricia M. Jarema and John M. Halstead CHAPTER 9. The Role of Natural Disasters and Technology in the Formation of Social Capital. Mark Skidmore and Hideki Toya. CHAPTER 10. Latino/a Immigration, Social Capital, and Business Civic Engagement in Rural Prairie Towns. Terry L. Besser and Nancy J. Miller CHAPTER 11. Social capital: What do we know? And where do we go from here?


The effects of a small inclination between the two grating planes on the moire fringes in Talbot mterferometry are studied
for the most general case of an arbitraiy inclination under the illumination of a plane wave. The inclination is generated by
rotating the beam-splitter grating by two small angles around the two perpendicular axes laid on the grating plane and when
both axes have an arbitrary angle with respect to the line direction of the grating. Some simple judgement and adjustment
methods for the inclination are presented. The results obtained by theoretical analysis are also verified by experiments.


Abstract The goal of this paper is to present the benefits of digitalization and Internet of Things applied in various fields of industry, including in cereal reception bases. Using Waterfall Methodology, this article widely describes the project plan of a web-based application which has the role of monitorization the grain storage sheds from perspective of temperature, humidity, pressure, and motion. Using microprocessor-based systems and distinct types of sensors such as temperature, humidity, pressure and motion, the information collected from the grain storage hall is displayed on a web-based application so that operators of the base easily can monitor these parameters.


The dominant processes affecting sea surface height (SSH) variability observed by the TOPEX/Poseidon altimeter vary regionally in the Pacific; baroclinic Rossby waves, equatorially trapped Kelvin waves, steric response to seasonal heating, and the response to wind stress curl forcing are all important. The steric response to surface heating dominates seasonal SSH variability in the subpolar gyre and the eastern subtropical gyre. South of the Kuroshio Extension and south of 20°N in the eastern Pacific, the dominant contribution to SSH is from near-annual period Rossby waves. To quantify the wave energy, observed SSH was assimilated into a kinematic model of westward propagating waves. These waves account for >70% of SSH variance between 10°S and 10°N but only ∼30% between 10°N and 30°N. Although wave energy in the eastern Pacific is correlated with SSH anomalies at the equator, the much larger wave energy in the western Pacific is correlated with wind stress curl, suggesting that the Rossby waves there are locally forced. In addition to these planetary waves, the ocean response to wind forcing via Ekman pumping is observed in several places, specifically in the North Equatorial Current. A quasi-steady topographic Sverdrup balance is detectable over most of the North Pacific at latitudes as low as 10–15°N, as well as in the South Pacific, where it is seen north of 50°S. The decomposition of the SSH signal into propagating waves, an Ekman pumping response, and Sverdrup transport is consistent with the results from an isopycnal numerical model.


Receipt of antibiotics per capita vary dramatically across regions in the United States, but the relative importance in prescribing practices versus per capita visit rates in driving this variation remain unclear. Quantifying their relative importance can aid in reducing antibiotic use. Using US medical claims data from 2015-2018 covering over 15 million privately insured adults, we conducted a regression analysis to estimate the relative contribution of outpatient visit rates and per-visit prescribing in explaining variation in outpatient antibiotic prescribing rates across metropolitan statistical areas. Variation in visit rates per capita explained more of the geographic variation in outpatient antibiotic prescribing rates than per-visit prescribing for conditions with high prescribing volume. Efforts to reduce antibiotic use may benefit from addressing the factors driving higher rates of outpatient visits, in addition to continued focus on stewardship.


The article deals with the everyday traffic of the urban population focusing on the use of city buses. It explores the time, place and communication codes used by passengers. The methods used include non-directive interview, incorporated observation and the analysis of city folklore.


In-doped ZnO crystals were synthesized by hydrothermal method through adding In2O3 to ZnO. The results indicated that the In-doped ZnO had shape of hexagonal slice. The positive polar face +c{0001} and negative polar -c{000} was also exposed. The shape of In-doped ZnO was obviously improved,the rate of growth along c-axic was weakened apparently. As the ZnO slice was used as seed crystal,In-doped ZnO film was fabricated on crystal slice by hydrothermal method. SEM and optical microscopic observation showed the growth of the crystal surface is smooth,double-crystal diffraction rocking curve half-width is less than 39 arcsec,indicating the synthesized crystal have high quality.


FIELD: electricity. SUBSTANCE: invention is related to mounting boxes, which are used for mounting of electrical devices in buildings in order to create insulated cavity for connection points and connection of different connecting devices and power receptacles. Insulation bushing (15, 153) for connection to mounting box (11) for electrical cables comprises a cylindrical circular body (31) with outer surface (32) equipped with a groove (33), which size corresponds to size of edge of circular opening (34) in the mounting box (11) intended for installation of insulation bushing (15). Inner surface (47) of the body (31) has a flexible sealing element (94) passing from it to the symmetry axis (89) of the body (31) to fix outer surface of the corrugated flexible mounting tube (20) inserted to insulation bushing (15). Inner surface (47) of the bushing (15) is equipped with a snapping element (46, 461, 462) that passes along circumference of inner surface (47) at least partially. EFFECT: invention provides good sealing properties for flexible tubes and potential insertion by snapping. 10 cl, 9 dwg


We characterize the monomial functions Tr(δxd) from a finite field into its prime subfield having linear structure. Using this result and the methods introduced in [6], we construct permutation polynomials of finite fields with few non-zero terms.


Cerebrovascular accident (CVA) is a sudden neurologic disorder that occurs due to restriction or cessation of blood flow through the arterial supply system of the brain. CVA causes paralysis, impaired consciousness, difficulty swallowing, and decreased oral hygiene resulting in oral infections. The purpose of this research is to know the description of the amount of colonization of candida albicans on CVA clients in
RSUD Jombang. The design of this research is descriptive quantitative. The sample in this study were patients treated in stroke room of 40 people, selected by using simple random sampling. The result of this study found that 52.5% of CVA patients were male sex, most (50%) of respondent age was 49-59 years. History of the disease that the patient has 52.5% is hypertension. Most of the 75% is the first CVA attack.
The condition of candida albicans infection may be related to gender, history of the disease and type of stroke.


This degree project has been carried at the Technical University, Jonkoping in collaboration with Science Park and the Carlobolaget. In this project we have focused on I: handles and II: wheels, to ...


Studies were conducted to determine the concentration of anionic surfactants in selected waters in Tricity agglomeration (Gdansk, Gdynia, Sopot). Water samples were taken from November 2001 to May 2002. The total concentration of anionic surfactants in the environmental samples was determined by Methylene Blue Active Substances Method (MBAS). The concentration of anionic surfactants in the analyzed waters ranged from 5 to 150 μg/dm 3 . The highest surfactant content was observed in the Strzyza stream in Gdansk and the Kacza river in Gdynia. Less polluted were the Haffner stream in Sopot and the Oliwski stream in Gdansk.


Fluctuating renewable energy resources (RES) connected to all voltage levels change the electricity infrastructure. In the evolving system, flexibility is the key for a stable operation. Energy storage systems (ESS) can provide the necessary flexibility, but also lead to conflicts of interests among the stakeholders of the electricity system. In this paper a framework for analysing potential multifunctional use cases (UC) for multiple users of ESS and for identifying conflict of interests is introduced. (4 pages)


A pack of 19–29 African wild dogs ( Lycaon pictus ) in the Masai Mara area of Kenya was monitored during July–August 1989 to document their success in capturing various ungulate species. The pack was most successful killing smaller, abundant ungulate prey, and was not less successful when pack size abruptly was reduced; overall hunting success (all species) was 51%. Abundant prey, low competition with other large carnivores, and large size of pack confound conjecture concerning the evolution of pack size.


£oIn this paper, based on analysis of existing signal generator according to the system of indicators to a reasonable use of single-chip high-frequency precision function generator MAX038 control to produce the periodic waveform of the triangle wave, sine wave and square wave three. MAX038 chip as the core, the use of converters, digitally controlled potentiometers, electronic switches, proportional amplifier waveform type, amplitude, frequency programmable to adjust. The design frequency of mediation a wide range of high stability, and display are intuitive and easy to control. The high precision affordable price can be widely used in a variety of electronic measurement and control applications. Confirmed by the measurement of the effectiveness and feasibility of this program.


In a cross-over study, 10 subjects (aged 23-43) were exposed to 6 different energy-equivalent noise stress situations. A shorter exposure duration and a corresponding increase in noise level led to a significant decrease in the TTS2 as well as in the required restitution time


The Perry scheme offers a framework in which teachers can understand how students make meaning of their world, and specific examples on how instructors need to teach these students so that the students can advance as learners.


The key to detecting underground faults in shallow stratum of the city with transient electromagnetic method is the determination of the fault location and the characteristics of accurate underground parameters. In order to establish a field data acquisition device and method parameters suitable for the exploration of the fault structure in the shallow layer of the city, the corresponding numerical model is established based on the Shungeng mountain fault structure with shallow depth. The finite difference method is used to simulate and calculate the response characteristics of the transient electromagnetic field in the fault structure zone, which provides the basis for the field application of the method and technique. Then, based on the surface geological conditions of Dongshan section of the Shungeng mountain fault, by using the short-circuit transient electromagnetic method, field data acquisition observing system and relevant parameters suitable for transient electromagnetic prospecting of urban shallow fault structures were established through experiments on site technical conditions, and the geoelectric section. The structure and characteristics of shallow buried faults are judged and explained. The results show that the response characteristics of transient electromagnetic in the fault fracture zone are significant, and the location and structure of transient electromagnetic field can be easily distinguished. It can provide references for similar geological conditions.


Abstract: Aims & Objectives: Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease is a benign, self-limiting disease affecting mainly young females. It presents mainly as cervical lymphadenopathy, fever and rash. Lymphocytosis & Neutropenia is seen commonly with raised ESR.Its initial clinical presentation is similar to that of an infective pathology and neoplasm ( lymphoma), and hence it can be easily misdiagnosed and get inappropriately treated. Case description: A 7 year old girl presented with gradually progressive diffuse swelling in the right parotid region, associated with moderate degree of pain, fever & fatigue. Her medical & family history was non-contributory. Examination showed a diffuse, tender, firm, inflammatory swelling in the left parotid region. Few non-tender discrete lymph nodes were palpable on right side of neck. Per-abdominal examination showed hepatosplenomegaly. Oral examination revealed few decayed teeths. Laboratory studies showed lymphocytosis & neutropenia and a mild rise in ESR . Open biopsy and histopathology findings were consistent with Kikuchi disease. Conclusion: The treating physician must keep in mind Kikuchi Fugimoto disease as a differential diagnosis when dealing with a patient having lymphadenopathy, fever and rash. This self-limiting benign condition must be differentiated from infectious diseases and lymphoma, which although present similarly but differ completely in management.


We studied by ESR the rotational motion of a paramagnetic tracer (a deuterated 15 N-enriched nitroxide) in poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc). The reorientation of the tracer occurs via jumps of about 50° with a heterogeneous distribution of correlation times. Depending on the temperature range, the average correlation time scales as the α, β, and γ relaxation times of PVAc, i.e., = C i i , i = α, β, γ. On cooling, tracks the α relaxation to about the α-β bifurcation temperature and then the β relaxation down to the glass transition. In glassy PVAc / γ = C γ ≃ 1.


We have fabricated metals (Au/Pt/Ti) Ohmic contacts on mesa structures of boron-doped homoepitaxial diamond films by metal deposition followed by various thermal annealing processes. Specific contact resistance was determined by characterizing the current–voltage relations from transmission line model (TLM) measurement. The lowest specific contact resistance of 1.3 × 10−5 Ω cm2 at room temperature was obtained after 873 K annealing. The temperature dependence of the specific contact resistance of the (Au/Pt/Ti)/diamond contacts has confirmed the thermal stability of the contacts.


Several common problems of engineering quality and methods to resolve them for water supply and sewerage works in civil buildings during design and construction are presented in this article.


Based on the analysis of the general variants of sophisticated tolerance dimensioning forms and their dimensioning methods of mechanical drawing in Auto CAD, setting skills of items under "tolerance" option are elaborated with practical examples, which will help to make a specific and artistic drawing.


. Several current projects aim at building a large water Cherenkov detector, with a fiducial volume about 20 times larger than in the current Super-Kamiokande experiment. These projects include the Underground nucleon decay and Neutrino Observatory (UNO) in the Henderson Mine (Colorado), the Hyper-Kamiokande (HK) detector in the Tochibora Mine (Japan) and the MEgaton class PHYSics (MEMPHYS) detector at the Fr´ejus site (Europe). We study the physics potential of a reference next-generation detector (0.4 Mton of fiducial mass) in providing information on supernova neutrino flavour transitions with unprecedented statistics. After discussing the ingredients of our calculations, we compute neutrino event rates from inverse beta decay (¯ ν e time evolution of the neutrino crossing probability along the shock wave profile. We also discuss some background issues related to the detection of supernova relic neutrinos, with and without the addition of gadolinium.


This study is part of the information society context, which key feature is the elevation of information as an economic good. The right to privacy presents itself as extremely vulnerable ahead of advances in technology. It's needed a more dynamic and plural protection of that, characterized in protecting the fundamental right to informational self-determination. Faced with the possibility of misuse of employee's personal data by their employers, on admission and dismissal, it's justified the need for actualize the right to informational self-determination in the context of labor relations, with the desideratum to prevent sensitive data from being used by employers.


Many urban centers of the country are located on the coastal tract apart from thousands of villages and industrial settlements. Water resources in coastal areas assume a special significance since any developmental activity will largely depend upon availability of fresh water to meet domestic, industrial and agricultural requirements.This increases the dependency upon groundwater for meeting the freshwater demand. As the region is close to the coast, the variations in the levels of water table due to excess withdrawals from wells and bore wells will cause the intrusion of seawater into the groundwater. In the present paper deals with the study of saltwater intrusion in the coastal tract of Srikakulam district, on an areal basis. From the results obtained the variation in the effect of contamination with respect to distance from shore is studied and a comparison of the contamination in open wells and bore wells is also carried out.


A broadband photonic analog-to-digital converter (ADC) for X-band radar applications is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. An X-band signal with arbitrary waveform and a bandwidth up to 2 GHz can be synchronously sampled and processed due to the optical sampling structure. In the experiment, the chirp signal centered at 9 GHz with a bandwidth of 1.6 GHz is sampled and down-converted with a signal-to-noise ratio of 7.20 dB and an improved noise figure. Adopting the photonic ADC in the radar receiver and the above signal as the transmitted radar signal, an X-band inverse synthetic aperture radar system is set up, and the range and cross-range resolutions of 9.4 and 8.3 cm are obtained, respectively.


The present invention relates to a method for producing a quasi flat panel spanned homogeneous in all directions. Panel (1) is obtained from a band of flexible fiber materials of synthetic fiber yarn knitted forming a deformable stitches in all directions by cutting the sheet. The fiber strip is coated with elastic polymerizable polymer, a coating mixture comprising a colorant with coverage. Peripheral edge of the sheet is engaged with the holding profile (2 ') forming a closed frame (2) fixed to the support (3). Sheet, by local heating of at least one zone for generating heat shrinkage and elongation of the seat on the frame (2), tensioned. The present invention is pseudo ceiling, used in the ad panel, and any type of wall decoration.


This paper studies the occupancy and movement prediction of residents in the smart home based on a compression-based sequential prediction approach and discusses home automation applications that can benefit from such predictions. The prediction approach studied here is based on the Active LeZi algorithm, which is a compression-based approach that uses an order-k Markov model. The effects of the order of the memory in the Markov model on the prediction accuracy have been investigated and it has been suggested that limiting the memory of the Markov chain model in the Active LeZi algorithm can improve the performance of the prediction. Moreover, the effects of the interrupted patterns and the temporal information of the patterns have been added to this prediction model. A small-scale smart home testbed using motion detector sensors and a central microcontroller based on Arduino technology along with synthesized data have been used to study the performance of the prediction models.


are consistently interpreted by a standard description of the quantum-well states ~QWS's! based on phase-shift quantization. No such well-defined QWS is observed for the films with a coverage less than;5 ML. The phase shift, the energy dispersion, and the thickness-versus-energy relation of the QWS's of the epitaxial Ag ~111! films are consistently derived. The QWS's in photoemission spectra show two distinctive types of the photonenergy dependence in their binding energies; the oscillatory shifts for hn55 ‐ 15 eV and no such shift at hn 520‐ 25 eV. This can be explained in terms of the different final states in the photoemission process.


Determining protein‐protein interactions is vital for gaining knowledge on cellular and metabolic processes including enzyme complexes and metabolons. Förster resonance energy transfer with fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FRET‐FLIM) is an advanced imaging methodology that allows for the quantitative detection of protein‐protein interactions. In this method, proteins of interest for interaction studies are fused to different fluorophores such as enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP; donor molecule) and monomeric red fluorescent protein (mRFP; acceptor molecule). Energy transfer between the two fluorophore groups can only occur efficiently when the proteins of interest are in close physical proximity, around ≤10 nm, and therefore are most likely interacting. FRET‐FLIM measures the decrease in excited‐state lifetime of the donor fluorophore (eGFP) with and without the presence of the acceptor (mRFP) and can therefore give information on protein‐protein interactions and the membrane topology of the tested protein. Here we describe the production of fluorescent protein fusions for FRET‐FLIM analysis in tobacco leaf epidermal cells using Agrobacterium‐mediated plant transformation and a FRET‐FLIM data acquisition and analysis protocol in plant cells. These protocols are applicable and can be adapted for both membrane and soluble proteins in different cellular localizations. © 2022 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.

https://radar.brookes.ac.uk/radar/file/b383315f-d5d3-4d16-87ef-b093ab996c7b/1/Current Protocols - 2022 - Spatola Rossi - FRET‐FLIM to Determine Protein Interactions and Membrane Topology of Enzyme.pdf


People suffering from brain injuries or progressive conditions need to communicate their preferences in dying well before they reach the end of life, when it may be too late.


Previous visualization research has focused mainly on specific tools. This paper presents an alternative approach that focuses on the students and what use they typically make of the tool. Taking students who voluntarily and regularly use the program visualization tool Visual InterPreter (VIP) for their programming assignments, we conducted a qualitative empirical study to observe how these students go about solving assignments with VIP. In the data analysis, we reconstructed students' usage activities with VIP and their successful as well as inconclusive use of strategies, which we then conceptualized to students' working patterns.


In allusion to the problems of convention current protection when it was used to collect circuit of wind farm, the relay protection should consider the short-circuit current of wind generators; The principle of adaptive current protection was described, the fault current and attenuation characteristic of asynchronous wind generator was studied, the scheme of adaptive current protection was proposed for wind farm operation. Taking PSCAD/EMTDC as the platform, simulation and record the voltage and current sample-data of different wind farm operation which can guarantee high sensitivity phase selection, the high accuracy wind generators impedance measure method based on FFT filter DC component is presented , and using MATLAB program achieved the scheme of adaptive current protection. Simulation results demonstrate that collect circuit adaptive current protection is adaptive wind farm operation model, and enhance the operation benefit of wind farm.


The William & Mary Bill of Rights Journal has done well to celebrate the life and work of our longtime friend and colleague, Professor Charles Koch.Professor Koch was, for many years, a national leader in the field of administrative law. Before entering academia, Professor Koch worked as a staff attorney in the Office of the General Counsel of the Federal Trade Commission. Not long after beginning his academic career at DePaul Law School, Professor Koch joined the law faculty at William & Mary in 1979. Over the course of his thirty-three year career at William & Mary, Professor Koch wrote an important multivolume treatise on administrative law entitled Administrative Law and Practice and served for seven years as Editorin-Chief of the Administrative Law Review. He also held leadership positions in the Administrative Law Section of the Association of American Law Schools. Active with the administrative law bar, Professor Koch served on two occasions as a consultant for the Administrative Conference of the United States.1Later in his career, Professor Koch became particularly interested in administrative law in the European Union. Thereafter, much of his teaching and research was devoted to enhancing our understanding of the European Union, and he eventually co-authored a book entitled Administrative Law of the European Union with George Bermann. Professor Koch liked to refer to the European Union as the biggest administrative agency in the world, and he was fascinated by its structure. On many occasions, he would explain in great detail the complexities of the European Union to those of his faculty colleagues who focused almost exclusively on American law.Professor Koch was much beloved by his faculty colleagues. One faculty colleague, Professor Alemante Selassie, remembers Koch this way:[Professor Koch] was an unassuming man who loved to learn, always finding new subjects that excited him and inspired him to broaden his intellectual horizon. He also had an unusual ability to listen and listen attentively.... On a personal level, I will always cherish with sadness in my heart the memory of Charles as a man who added breadth, humanity and a special dignity to my life.2Another faculty colleague, Professor Christie Warren, has described Professor Koch as[o]ne of the most open-minded, intellectually curious people I have known. [H]e disdained simplistic, rigid thinking and loved nothing more than analyzing legal issues through new lenses Whenever I returned from a field assignment,. …


The remote Bonin Archipelago in the Western Pacific was first surveyed in 1675 by a skilled captain and master shipwright named Shimaya Ichizaemon during Japan's so-called period of national seclusion (sakoku). For weeks, Shimaya and his crew explored the islands and collected exotic wildlife to show their countrymen back home. The expedition was a success by any measure. It remains one of the most significant events in the history of Japanese exploration, albeit one of the least well known, and a noteworthy maritime accomplishment. This article examines Shimaya's 1675 overseas voyage of discovery, which challenges commonly held notions about Japanese political will and technical ability during the Edo period (1603–1867). It is also a retelling of a largely misunderstood event in Bonin history.


Currently it is much controversial for scientific-research assessment and SCI doesn't apply to the assessment of basic-theory research results. It is comparatively scientific and accurate to evaluate the basic-theory research by applying the methods of index, influential assessment, medium, RAE and concentrated analysis.


The rate constants for representative thiolate-disulii de rcactions are larger in DMSO and DMF than in water b1 a iactor of approximately 2300 at 24 oC. The log of the rate constant is directly proportional to the mole fraction ol DrO in mixtures of DMSO and D2O, even at small mole fractions of D2O. This linear proportionality suggests that thiolate anion is not specifically solvated by water and that hydrogen bonding is relatively unimportant in stabilizing this species. The valucs of -\Sr for thiolate-disulfide interchange are approximately -10 cal/(deg mol), presumptively because of loss in the entropy of the reactants in going from ground to transition state, partially compensated by a gain in entropy from solvent release. Introduction of a hydroxyl group p to the C-S bond slows the reaction by a factor of 2-15; the introduction of methyl groups p to the C-S bond slows the rate by factors of 3-20. A number of substances have been screened as potential catalysts ior thiolate-disulfide interchange in water: none showed useful levels of catalytic activity, although phenylselenol did accelerate the interchange significantly.


In 1563 it was published in Goa the first modern book about the Asian natural world. Its author, Garcia de Orta
(c.1500-1568), was a Portuguese physician who had lived in Asia for more than thirty years. The Coloquios dos
simples contains an accurate description of some of the most important Oriental plants, drugs and spices. The
information published by Orta was not only the result of his erudite readings and medical practices, but also of
the experience of several field actors.
In fact, Orta was at the centre of a complex network of political elites, administrative officers, apothecaries,
merchants, adventurers and other credible informants. These men were particularly able to answer to specific
inquiries about the Asian natural resources. Even if their written reports had a limited circulation, they were
available to Orta. Some of these informants were clearly referred by Orta in his Colloquies; others were only
recently identified.
In this talk, I intend to follow the invisible tracks of some of the informants of Garcia de Orta. These virtual
travels will show the different roles played by each field actor in the emerging of a new botanical knowledge
about the Asian Portuguese Empire.


As the core course of metallurgical technique,"Steelmaking Handling and Controlling"is with various knowledge points,high practical and requires high practical ability and problem solving ability from students.Therefore,the study difficulty is high meanwhile the students' interest is low.From the practical point of view of"Steelmaking Handling and Controlling",we make research and discussion in enterprises to make new education model in virtual environment which solves the difficulties on educating.


(TAL1), also known as stem cell leukemia (SCL), plays important roles in differentia-tionofhematopoieticandendothelialcells and is deregulated in a high percentage of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). In this report we show that the intracellular concentration of TAL1 is regulated by transforming growth factor (cid:1) (TGF- (cid:1) ), which triggers its polyubiquitylation and degradation by the proteasome. This effect is mediated by AKT1, which phosphorylates TAL1 at threonine 90. Immunoprecipitation experiments showed that this event increases association of TAL1 with the E3 ubiquitin ligase CHIP. The E47 heterodimerization partner ofTAL1hindersthisassociation.Ourobser-vations indicate that activation of the TGF- (cid:1) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT pathways might reverse overexpression of TAL1 in leukemic cells by inducing proteolysis of this important oncogene. (Blood.


This paper proposes a sliding mode control (SMC) strategy to solve the problem of independent control of temperature and humidity in air conditioners; the complexity increases due to the need to make full use of the wind side for cooling. First, dynamics of indoor temperature and humidity are determined based on mathematical models. Second, in order to reduce the chattering effect of SMC and coordinate indoor conditions to satisfy people's needs, the independent control of temperature and humidity is realized via a novel fuzzy sliding mode control strategy based on reaching laws. Finally, simulation results are provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.


We consider the two-stage game proposed by Kreps and Scheinkman [83] in the address model of horizontal differentiation developed by Hotelling. Firms choose capacities in the first stage and then compete in price. We show that capacity precommitment softens price competition drastically. In almost all subgame perfect equilibrium, firms behave as if they were an integrated monopoly i.e., choose capacities which exactly cover the market, so that there is no room for price competition at all. The foundation of this result is that capacity precommitment enables firms to take advantage of the local monopoly structure inherent to the Hotelling model. If furthermore the installation cost for capacity is one fourth of the transportation cost, then this result stands for all SPE. We also provide an interesting treatment of mixed strategies equilibria which is quite new in this literature.


The illumination and appearance of the solar/skydome is critical for many applications in computer graphics, computer vision, and daylighting studies. Unfortunately, physically accurate measurements of this rapidly changing illumination source are difficult to achieve, but necessary for the development of accurate physically-based sky illumination models and comparison studies of existing simulation models. To obtain baseline data of this time-dependent anisotropic light source, we design a novel acquisition setup to simultaneously measure the comprehensive illumination properties. Our hardware design simultaneously acquires its spectral, spatial, and temporal information of the skydome. To achieve this goal, we use a custom built spectral radiance measurement scanner to measure the directional spectral radiance, a pyranometer to measure the irradiance of the entire hemisphere, and a camera to capture high-dynamic range imagery of the sky. The combination of these computer-controlled measurement devices provides a fast way to acquire accurate physical measurements of the solar/skydome. We use the results of our measurements to evaluate many of the strengths and weaknesses of several sun-sky simulation models. We also provide a measurement dataset of sky illumination data for various clear sky conditions and an interactive visualization tool for model comparison analysis available at http://www.graphics.cornell.edu/resources/clearsky/.


ful literary style. Sheahan's knowledge of the French language makes his accounts particularly compelling for anyone seeking a better understanding of relationships between Allied soldiers and the perceptions of the French concerning American contributions. The second section of the book focuses on Hogg's and Wythe's letters and writings. Readers interested in a deep, detailed military account will be most pleased with this section. Additionally, those seeking a connection to Texas history will be pleased to learn that both Hogg and Wythe are Texans, trained in the state, and served near one another in Europe. Those seeking to evaluate the American contribution to victory in World War I will enjoy Wythe's detailed battle accounts that describe full American military effectiveness during late August and September 1918. Readers will certainly enjoy this grouping of fascinating accounts, which Bernhard has successfully edited into a single volume. An endearing aspect of the book is how each account seems to encompass both the horror and the normality that even the most terrible wars offer to those enduring them. Detailed conversations surrounding food, music, hygiene, weather, and clothing, among other subjects, give the book a vivid, realistic quality. Overall, Bernhard's wonderful book will be of interest to a large and varied audience of scholars and other readers.


University educators are charged with preparing pre- and in-service teachers for today's school populations; however, university faculty may assume the role of fostering and evaluating their students' dispositions toward diversity without having first examined their dispositions toward their own students. In this critical autoethnographic self-study, seven teacher educators in one university department, from multiple disciplines, reversed common notions of studying the dispositions of our students and turned the focus onto our own struggles with our dispositions as teachers of teachers. Findings illustrate the powerful positions and judgmental stances we held as we navigated our teaching as well as a need for teacher educators to devote time to deliberate critical self-study of their own dispositions.


Among the most pressing challenges facing our planet is the development of efficient, affordable, sustainable energy-generation technologies. Energy fundamentally underpins a society's capacity to provide food and water, clothing, shelter, treatment of disease, heating and cooling, and transportation for its members. The fact that an estimated 1.4 billion people worldwide do not have access to electricity, and that another billion only have unreliable access to electricity suggests that more widespread, efficient, and sustainable energy generation systems could have a profound benefit for the quality of life on a global scale. Yet efficient energy generation technologies must also have minimal or at least a reduced environmental impact compared with present systems. Indeed, another major global scientific challenge is the environmental remediation required as a result of power and energy system-generated pollutants. As the backbone of engineering systems, the field of mechanics writ large (i.e., the fields of fluid mechanics, solid mechanics, mechanics of materials, computational mechanics, nano-mechanics, and so forth) continues to have a profound impact on the solution to global energy and environmental challenges. This report provides an overview of these challenges, and describes a number of promising technical directions in their solution for which the field of mechanics plays a key role. While this report is not intended to be a comprehensive evaluation of all possible energy and propulsion technologies of the future, it does identify the most promising technologies for which contributions from broad areas within mechanics will be crucial for success.


The present study focuses on the status of Reseda pentagyna Abdallah & A.G. Miller (Resedaceae). The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of nuclear ribosomal DNA and chloroplast trnL-F gene of the questioned species were sequenced. The Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) search showed maximum identity with R. stenostachya . The parsimony analysis of ITS, trnL-F and combined sequences data analyses revealed grouping of Reseda species consistent with established taxonomic sections of the genus, R. pentagyna showed proximity with R. stenostachya (100% bootstrap support), nested within the clade of section  Reseda . DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpt.v20i2.17397 Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 20(2): 233-238, 2013


Between Nyerere, the first president and founding father of Tanzania, and Mkapa, its first president under multiparty democracy, there was a major shift in policy, from socialism as political rhetoric and socio-economic reconfiguration, to the embrace of neoliberalism and the international financial institutions (IFIs). This shift began before Mkapa took office and continued after he handed over to Kikwete in 2010, so he alone cannot be associated with this phase in Tanzania's 'transition' as the title of this book implies. Nor do the editors want to claim neoliberalism itself as a progressive 'transformational outcome' of 'transition'. Rather they reach for a broader definition of 'transition' which includes 'genuine participation of citizens' and the 'creation of space for human agency'. They are equivocal as to whether any such 'transition' has taken place, and do not identify Mkapa as its champion. The title thus sets up an incoherent subject, and operates more as a research question than as a statement. The chapters that follow focus on various aspects of Tanzania's changing political economy – its reliance on foreign aid, corruption, agrarian transformations and the implementation of multiparty democracy. Disappointingly, the book has no analysis of Tanzania's attempts to industrialise. In a rather uneven collection, and marred by poor editing, it contains some very useful overviews of development in the political economy as well as delivering a strong dose of realism about Tanzania's limited progress towards limiting poverty or extending political participation. It is very useful to be reminded of the contradiction between Tanzania's socialist call for 'self-reliance' and its heavy and continuing dependence on foreign aid, amounting at times to half the budget of the state. Simensen's telling account illustrates the extent to which 'socialism' was funded by external backers, especially from Scandinavia, who in a period of economic collapse in the late 1970s were then able to put pressure on Tanzania to accept International Monetary Fund terms of neoliberal economic reform as the condition for continuing aid. Bryceson, Skarstein and other authors look at the chequered career of agrarian socialism as the cornerstone of Nyerere's policies. On the one hand, agrarian livelihoods are still foundational and 'agriculture provides a vital subsistence fallback for the poor and a common cultural frame of reference'. But collective production long ago fell by the wayside and the buffeting of world markets and withdrawal of state subsidies have forced peasants to look for non-agricultural incomes and wage labour to supplement farming. And land has become a commodity, albeit largely outside the formal system of registration. Additionally, gold mining (with its 'exploitative labour practices', in Bryceson's terms) now contributes more to exports than Tanzania's traditional cash crops. Bryceson offers some rich ethnography drawn from two villages, whilst Skarstein, in an excellent and informative piece, concludes


Selected measurements of hadron physics at high p/sub T/ are reviewed. The inclusive single particle cross section for p/sub T/>7.5 GeV/c can be interpreted in terms of the scattering of constituents inside the proton via a force law similar in form to that governing Rutherford Scattering. The overall event structure contains two high p/sub T/ jets with a net transverse momentum imbalance K/sub T/ which increases with increasing p/sub T/. The average fragmentation momentum transverse to the jet axis is approx. =600 MeV/c which shows no evidence of changing with the jet p/sub T/. Other topics discussed include direct single photon production.


This study develops a method for estimating the risk in reservoir capacity design by applying frequency analysis to the mass curve method. It provides a means for the engineer to use familiar techniques to obtain information about risk for the design of a storage reservoir.


A plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) relies on relatively larger storage batteries than conventional hybrid electric vehicles. The characteristics of PHEV batteries, as well as hybridization of the PHEV battery with the engine and electric motor, play an important role in the design and potential adoption of PHEVs. To exhaustively evaluate all the possible combinations of available types of batteries, motors and engines, the total computational time is prohibitive. This work proposed an integrated optimal design strategy to address this problem. The recently developed Pareto set pursuing (PSP) multi-objective optimization approach is employed to perform optimal hybridization. Each PHEV with chosen battery, motor and engine is designed for optimal component sizing using the Powertrain System Analysis Toolkit (PSAT) software. The methodology is demonstrated with the Toyota Prius PHEV20: PHEV version sized for 20 miles (32.1 km) of all electric range (AER). Fuel economy, operating cost, and green house gases emissions are simultaneously optimized from 4,480 possible combinations of design parameters: 20 batteries, 14 motors, and 16 engines. The hybridization optimization is performed on two different drive cycles—Urban dynamometer driving schedule (UDDS) and Winnipeg weekday duty cycle (WWDC). It was found that battery, motor, and engine work collectively to define an optimal hybridization scheme and the optimal hybridization scheme varies with each driving cycle. The proposed method and software platform could be applied to optimize other powertrain designs.Copyright © 2011 by ASME


Abstract. Free volume theory and a model of polymerization kinetics are introduced to predict and analyze the curing shrinkage and kinetic parameters of an acrylate-based ultraviolet-embossing resist. Curing shrinkage tests have been designed and performed to verify the accuracy of the model. The experimental results are in good agreement with the simulated results of the conversion behavior. The reaction coefficients of polymerization predicted by this model are essentially correct when compared to the classical experimental values. Moreover, the dynamic shrinkage during polymerization determined experimentally matches the simulated result predicted by our model.


This dissertation presents the research performed to study the precipitation and fractionation of noble metal nanoparticles using gas-expanded liquids. The unique and novel properties of nanoparticles are often found to be highly size-dependent, as such, methods of fine tuning the size distribution of synthesized nanoparticles is crucial in order to make use of these properties in fundamental studies and applications. Traditional methods of nanoparticle processing are typically qualitative, time intensive, and produce large quantities of organic solvent waste. Previously, a technique has been developed that uses mixtures of pressurized CO2 and an organic solvent to size-selectively precipitate and fractionate nanoparticles. However, this technique was limited to extremely small processing scales (∼200 μL volumes) and required relatively large operating pressures (upwards of 35 bars of applied CO2 pressure). This work presents methods of size-selectively precipitating and fractionating large quantities of nanoparticle dispersions utilizing techniques that make use to the tunable solvent properties of CO2-expanded liquids. The methods presented here demonstrate that processing large volumes of nanoparticle dispersions is possible while producing zero waste. A new apparatus is utilized that is simple and cost-effective to build while being scalable to handle larger volumes and modular. This apparatus, at current scales, is capable of size-selectively precipitating and fractionating a polydisperse nanoparticle sample (up to 20 mL) into monodisperse samples. This apparatus can process volumes two orders of magnitude greater than the previous state of the art. Using this technique, it is demonstrated that by judiciously selecting the operating conditions, the recovered nanoparticle sample can be tailored to a specific average size and size-distribution.


Author(s): Kong, Richard Joon Sung | Advisor(s): Johnson, Austin H | Abstract: Studies have shown that mental health issues in students often impact their educational performance. Internalizing problems, such as behaviors related to depression and anxiety, are less likely to be referred for school support. However, only 12-13% of schools screen for mental health risks, and current screening tools for mental health may be burdensome to school districts due to costs and lengthy administration times. The present study evaluated the criterion-related validity and screening accuracy of data derived from Direct Behavior Rating Single Item Scales (DBR-SIS) to evaluate its use as an efficient screener for depression and anxiety in schools. The study included 6 middle school teachers who completed DBR-SIS, and 114 seventh and eighth grade students who completed self-report rating scales for depression and anxiety. Results showed adequate coefficients in support of criterion validity of DBR-SIS. Additionally, results included preliminary support for the use of DBR-SIS in screening for depression and anxiety.


Introduction. In the modern production of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), despite relatively low levels of air pollution of the working zone of the harmful substances, the problem of the negative effects of chemical factors on organism remains topical In this regard, the objective of the present study was the quantitative estimation of exposure of chemical loads (ECL) priority toxicants in PVC production and the identification of associated links with health indices. Material and methods. In the work of the applied methods of hygienic studies using a methodology for assessing occupational risks of the method of calculation of exposure to the chemical load. To justify a connection with the profession of morbidity used method of correlation analysis. Results. In PVC production average settlement values of ECL priority substances (vinyl chloride and 1.2 dichloroethane) for the 10-year period were was shown to gradually decrease and be statistically significantly higher: during the first five-year period in comparison with the second, at mechanics in comparison with bureaucrats, in the shop of production of PVC in comparison with the shop of production of VH (р <0.01; р <0.001). When studying the health state of workers, the high prevalence of occupational risks was also noted rather functional violations of a cardiovascular system (31.2±5.1), neurologic frustration (28.0±3.2), functional violations of a digestion system (26.3±3.4). At medical examination diseases of a cardiovascular system (43.4±5.9), the nervous system (29.5±4.9), the system of digestion had the greatest prevalence (19.7±4.0). Correlation relationships between separate indices of the violation of health and quantitative indices of ECL are revealed. Conclusion. For example, in employees of a modern PVC production, the results demonstrate it to be possible to identify an association between health and ECL, reflecting the cumulative impact of chemical pollutants production media after years of work at the enterprise. There was confirmed the usefulness of calculations specified ECL for linking disease with an occupation, particularly in the context of the effects of low concentrations of chemicals.


Summary In this article, we study the robust estimation of both mean and variance components in generalized partial linear mixed models based on the construction of robustified likelihood function. Under some regularity conditions, the asymptotic properties of the proposed robust estimators are shown. Some simulations are carried out to investigate the performance of the proposed robust estimators. Just as expected, the proposed robust estimators perform better than those resulting from robust estimating equations involving conditional expectation like Sinha (2004, Journal of the American Statistical Association99, 451–460) and Qin and Zhu (2007, Journal of Multivariate Analysis98, 1658–1683). In the end, the proposed robust method is illustrated by the analysis of a real data set.


Recently some small celestial bodies have approached to the Earth. Asteroids with this characteristic are well known as Near Earth Asteroid (abbreviated as NEA). These asteroids are divided into three classes: Aten, Apollo and Amor (AAA) types. At present time more than 35000 orbital elements of NEA have been already determined. Many of them have the orbit overlapping with that of the Earth in the region of perihelion. NEA is widely believed to be continuously injected into Earth-approaching orbits from main-belt asteroids occur as consequence of energetic interasteroidal collisions. If these asteroids cross the Moon's orbit it is more possible they crash in to the Earth. The asteroid with this criterion named Potentially Hazardous Asteroid (PHA). The hazards of collisions with the Earth somewhat in exaggeration and the news made a little panic in the community. On these small bodies, the future positions can be calculated to a certain extent from the orbital elements. However, more dangerous are unknown, small bodies approach to the Earth without any previous notice, and the number of these unknown Earth approaching small bodies with diameter larger than 0,5 km is estimated amount to nearly 10,000. The hazards of asteroid or comet collisions are direct ones and indirect (afterwards) ones. The direct hazards are a huge earthquake, a tsunami and an urban and wild flre. The indirect hazards are the large temperature drop, acid rain fall, and depletion of ozone layer. These direct hazards are local a short term, but the indirect hazards will be world wide and long duration. The worldwide temperature drop that has serious efiect on photosynthesis is most important to a crop production and in turn to surviving of human being. This paper present the direct hazards in case asteroid fall into the ocean and discuss some empirical formulas about the efiect of asteroid collision to the Earth.


In reality, a contractor may implement multiple projects simultaneously and in such an environment, how to achieve a positive balance between cash outflow and inflow by scheduling is an important problem for the contractor has to tackle. For this fact, this paper investigates a resource-constrained multi-project scheduling problem with the objective of minimizing the contractor's maximal cash flow gap under the constraint of a project deadline and renewable resource. In the paper, we construct a non-linear integer programming optimization model for the studied problem at first. Then, for the NP-hardness of the problem, we design three metaheuristic algorithms to solve the model: tabu search (TS), simulated annealing (SA), and an algorithm comprising both TS and SA (SA-TS). Finally, we conduct a computational experiment on a data set coming from existing literature to evaluate the performance of the developed algorithms and analyze the effects of key parameters on the objective function. Based on the computational results, the following conclusions are drawn: Among the designed algorithms, the SA-TS with an improvement measure is the most promising for solving the problem under study. Some parameters may exert an important effect on the contractor's maximal cash flow gap.


Many procedures, use and misuse of antibioti cs in man have resulted in antibiotic - resistant bacteria. Many aspects like Drug efflux pumps change in the targets in the sites which are targeted by antibiotics by mutation and many other aspects produce multi drug resistance by extruding antibiotics fro m bacteria. Treating these multidrug - resistant bacteria with multiple antibacterial drugs becomes very difficult. No effective treatment exists for multi drug resistant bacteria. Here below is a review on the emergence, mechanism & the reasons of the multi drug resistance bacteria.


Abstract Drawing on a qualitative study conducted with both individuals who have been shunned from the Jehovah's Witnesses community and those who were in a position to shun others, the authors identify areas of development within the Serious Crime Act 2015 and propose that there is scope to interpret the law broadly to include instances of people shunned from the Jehovah's Witnesses community.


With the increase in the number of urban cars, the city's road congestion is getting heavier and heavier. Often, we choose the shortest path to reduce costs and improve efficiency during logistics distribution, but now, in order to improve timeliness, it is necessary to choose the fastest route to deliver because of traffic jams. This paper proposes a method to select the fastest route based on big data of vehicle travel time, replacing distance values with travel time values, by using the improved Floyd algorithm. The method can improve the efficiency of urban distribution and reduce the time cost, and has significant application value.


Lamtoro gung (leucaena leucocephala) is one of the food materials containing high enough protein which allow to be used as raw material for producing tempeh through fermentation. This study aimed to determine the effect of fermentation time to the protein levels of lamtoro gung seeds tempeh with variation fermentation times of 24, 36, 48, 60 and 72 hours. Steps in this study were sample preparation, producing lamtoro gung seeds tempeh,and protein levels analysis. The protein level was determined by Kjeldahl method. The results showed that there was an effect of fermentation time to the protein levels. The longer the fermentation time took effect to the lower the levels of protein produced. The highest protein level was obtained at 24 hours of fermentation time that was equal to 7.943%, while the protein level on fermentation time of 36 hours was equal to 7.725%, 48 hours fermentation time was equal to 7.195%, 60 hours fermentation time was equal to 7.197%, and 72 hours fermentation time was equal to 5.733%.


Computing direct illumination from area light sources when shadowing is involved remains a perennial and yet difficult problem in rendering. Illumination is formalized as the radiometric quantity of irradiance and is a function of surface position. This work investigates the irradiance surface function, and develops closed form expressions for shadowed irradiance in polygonal and polyhedral environments illuminated by polygonal light sources. Using the mechanism of polyhedral splines, a closed form expression for fractional visibility is developed. Classical polyhedral splines are generalized to a weighted variety that allows for curved facets, and from these objects an expression is developed for general shadowed irradiance from a single occluding polygon. The polyhedral spline approach does extend to a general multiple-blocker configuration; a closed form expression is developed only in the single blocker case. It does, however, suggest a novel way of approaching the problem that ultimately leads to a simple and fast algorithm for computing shadow irradiance, requiring little overhead and exhibiting desirable stability. The algorithm is extended to handle specular transport, approximate transparency, and perform exact reconstruction from a constant-element radiosity solution. To my parents, Frank and Jean Stark


Various embodiments of an oxygen concentrator system as well as a method of delivering an oxygen enriched gas to a user are described herein. Some embodiments include one or more components that improve oxygen-enriched gas delivery efficiency during operation of the oxygen concentrator system. [Selection] Figure 10


We investigate the energy transformation in two-wave-mixing in dependence on the applied electric field and derive experimental relationships between electro-optical coefficients and electro-optical coupling gains responsible for the energy transformation


Market Klewer Batik Merchant in Surakarta represent one of governmental pledge of town Surakarta in labour absorbtion and add governmental earnings. Batik merchant in Klewer Market require to get attention in order to improving effort their performance.
This research analyse factors influencing performance of effort batik merchant in Klewer Market Surakarta and give strategy recommendation trade for merchant in Klewer Market. There are 12 variable which can influence performance of is effort from batik merchant that is: age, primary competitor, secondery competitor, marital status, number of child, educational level, hours worked per weeks, years store opened, fixed asset, store size, inventory level, and employers per store. Factors influencing positively mount merchant sale is age, marriage status, and employers per store. While education storey;level have an effect on negativity. For the earnings contribution indicator, only the marital status factor influencing positively is merchant performance. While for indicator rate of return asset (ROA), there are four factor influencing it positively that is age, marital status, inventory level, and employers per store. While asset factor remain to have an effect on negatively.
To increase the the merchant performance, hence some conducted strategy is: Using employees which older looked and experienced; Multiply employees amount in shop shares; Conducting stock management trade; more added supply batik in shop. Governmental better also conduct wild merchant publisher whos operating without permission.


The so-called physical examination involves an attempt to assess the patient's condition using fairly accurate readings of the doctor's analyzers and sensors of various devices. The truth of these indications is so high that they are considered to be the results of an objective study. It is well known that diagnostics, primarily topical, is especially accurate in neurology due to the objectivity of information about the classical pathways and centers of the brain.


During the course of time a number of works have been written on the subject of bacterial variation, and most bacteriologists have now and then met with the experience that a given bacterial culture has behaved in a manner different to that usually seen. Interest in this subject has become more active during recent years, because it has become clear to many bacteriologists that these variations are of considerable importance, both practically and theoretically. The discovery of d'Herelle's virus has certainly contributed a great deal towards this view, as it has become a common occurrence for bacteriologists who have worked with this agent to see radical variations arise in the bacteria they are handling. It would lead too far to touch upon the literature on this subject; we will therefore simply give a brief description of the observations we have made in the examination of a paradysentery culture belonging to the Group III as defined by Sonne at this Institute as this organism shows a very marked inclination to vary, and in other respects is of interest, especially with regard to the d'Herelle phenomenon just referred to. The culture in question was a laboratory culture of medium age. A pure cultivation was first made by a method devised by one of us, and only after this treatment was it subjected to examination. With regard to the method itself it need only be mentioned that to a very great extent we have made use of direct microscopical examination of the culture on agar in Petri dishes and have followed the development of the various colonies from their commencement, until growth ceased. This method often gives information which can with difficulty be obtained


This study was carried out to assess the microbial, physicochemical and heavy metal characteristics of soil samples from five different waste collection sites within the University of Benin, Benin City and evaluated using standard analytical and classical microbiological methods. The heavy metal concentration includes Zn (4.45±0.00 - 5.76±0.02 mg g −l ); Cd (1.59±0.00 - 2.54±0.00 mg g −l ); and Fe (1.02±0.02 - 1.07±0.00 mg g −l ). The physicochemical properties include pH (4.91±0.01 - 5.82±0.04); TOC (6.49±0.01 - 7.65±0.02 %); NO 2 − (29.32±0.07 - 32.81±0.11 mg g −l ); and SO 4 2− (47.30±0.12 - 63.25±0.04 mg g −l ). The mean of culturable heterotrophic and coliform bacteria ranged from 4.03×10 7 ± 0.35 - 4.51×10 8 ± 0.12 CFU/g and 1.02×10 4 ± 0.12 - 3.10×10 5 ± 0.02 CFU/g respectively. At p -value < 0.01 level EC significantly correlates total heterotrophic bacteria ( r = 0.971); coliform bacteria significantly correlate NO 3 − ( r = 0.989); while clay significantly but negatively correlates coliform bacteria ( r = -0.989). Some of the bacteria isolated and identified from the waste collection sites include Klebsiella oxytoca , Enterobacter aerogenes , Staphylococcus aureus , Pseudomonas putida , and Bacillus macerans . Findings from this study reveal that the municipal solid waste on the collection sites has impacts on the indicator variables of the resident soil as well as serving as breeding sites for pathogenic organisms. Keywords: solid waste, environmental hazard, soil quality, pathogens


The characteristics of fracture development are complex in Shunbei area. The natural fracture development is different between different fault zones and in different locations of the same fault zone. Not all natural fractures can be activated during acid fracturing, and not all natural fractures can contribute to well productivity after acid fracturing. The use of natural fractures can not only improve the seepage capacity of the reservoir, but also improve the well productivity. Therefore, the influence of artificial fracture on the opening and fracture conductivity maintenance of natural fracture is studied, and finally the acid fracturing roceand parameters based on the change of natural fracture are formed.


Many software systems operate in environments of change and uncertainty. Techniques for self-adaptation allow these systems to automatically respond to environmental changes, yet they do not handle changes to the adaptive system itself, such as the addition or removal of adaptation tactics. Instead, changes in a self-adaptive system often require a human planner to redo an expensive planning process to allow the system to continue satisfying its quality requirements under different conditions; automated techniques must replan from scratch. We propose to address this problem by reusing prior planning knowledge to adapt to unexpected situations. We present a planner based on genetic programming that reuses existing plans and evaluate this planner on two case-study systems: a cloud-based web server and a team of autonomous aircraft. While reusing material in genetic algorithms has been recently applied successfully in the area of automated program repair, we find that naively reusing existing plans for self-* planning can actually result in a utility loss. Furthermore, we propose a series of techniques to lower the costs of reuse, allowing genetic techniques to leverage existing information to improve utility when replanning for unexpected changes, and we find that coarsely shaped search-spaces present profitable opportunities for reuse.


The present invention overcomes the problems of conventional permeable concrete and environmentally friendly, yet strength and permeability of the excellent improved high-performance permeability concrete, permeable concrete of the invention is used alone or in mixture of normal crushed stone aggregate and recycled aggregate , a particle size of less than 5㎜ size 10 ~ 30%, 5 ~ 10㎜ size of 50 to 80% and the remaining 10 ~ 13㎜ aggregate 1,500 ~ 1,850㎏ / ㎥ of the size, based on a Portland cement 320 ~ 400㎏ / ㎥, 7 to 15% of the cement is 22 ~ 60㎏ / ㎥ replacing the blast furnace slag fine powder, and 28 ~ 35% 2-5% 90 ~ water, the cement of 140㎏ / ㎥ of the cement in 6-20 ㎏ / ㎥ of pigment, and 3-10% of the cement 10 to is obtained by laying a mixture of charcoal powder of 40㎏ / ㎥ and compaction, permeability 2 × 10


Fins into Limbs. Evolution, Development, and Transformation. By Brian K. Hall, Ed.. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 2007. 459 pp. $110, £69.50. ISBN 9780226313368. Paper, $45, £28.50. ISBN 9780226313375. The contributors synthesize information from functional morphology, developmental biology, vertebrate paleontology, and evolutionary biology that provides our current understanding of this classic case of evolutionary transformation.


Ultracapacitors (UCs), with their features of high power density and high current charge-discharge, have become the best choice for dynamic power compensation to improve the stability of microgrids and are increasingly being applied in microgrids. This paper presents the control of an energy storage system (ESS) based on ultracapacitors in the context of grid-connected microgrids. The ESS is composed of DC/AC and DC/DC converters tied by a dc link. An improved dynamic model for the ESS is proposed. Based on the proposed model a Proportional-Integral-Resonant (PIR) DC link voltage controller is proposed to maintain the DC link voltage through the charging-discharging control of ultracapacitors, capable of working properly under all operating conditions. An extra double frequency component is injected into the UC current by a R controller to dynamically compensate for DC instantaneous power and double frequency AC instantaneous power due to unbalanced grid conditions and disturbances. This feature maintains the DC link voltage constant under unbalanced conditions and increases the degrees of freedom of the DC/AC converter and thus facilitates the application of UCs in microgrids. Simulation and experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.


Objective:This study was designed to estimate the value of CystatinC compared with serum creatin,as a marker for indicating glomerular filtration function injury in patient with chronic kidney disease.Methods:Serum samples were obtained from 129 cases with various stage of chronic kidney disease,and GFR was estimated by the plasma clearance of 99m Tc-DTPA.Serum cystatin C concentration was detected using latex particle enhanced turbidimetry,serum creatinine was detected simultaneously using Automefic biochemicstry Analyzer.Results:Serum Cystatin C levels were found lower in all the CKD groups as compared to controls(P0.05 in each). But serum creatinine levels were only found significant differences in the groups from CKD3 to CKD5 compared with controls. Correlation coefficients with 99m Tc-DTPA were -0.862 for serum Cystatin C,-0.745 for serum creatinine.Conclusion:Serum Cystatin C is a more sensitive maker for indicating glomerular filtration function and can show early renal impairmentin in patient with chronic kidney disease.


The future has long been the subject of speculation and debate, especially in terms of how knowledge and information will someday be represented, stored, and accessed. In the approximately one hundred years before the full development of digital technology, numerous fiction writers, essayists, and library professionals presented their visions for the future of books and recorded knowledge. For most, the future would bring exciting technological improvements; for others, advanced technology would only make potential totalitarian states more capable of suppressing knowledge.


In this paper, we discuss the design procedure of a dielectric lens for better concentrating the fields at the second focus of a prolate-spheroidal IRA to increase the fields and decrease the spot size.


1. Rosati CM, GaudinoM, Vardas PN, et al. Academic vs. clinical productivity of cardiac surgeons in the State of New York: who publishes more and who operates more. Am Surg 2016; (Accepted). 2. New York State Department of Health. Cardiovascular disease data and statistics. Available at https://www.health.ny.gov/ statistics/diseases/cardiovascular/. Accessed November 30, 2016. 3. Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network Data. Available at https://optn.transplant.hrsa.gov/data/. Accessed November 30, 2016.


While multiple G protein β and γ subunit isoforms have been identified, the implications of this potential diversity of βγ heterodimers for signaling through βγ-regulated effector pathways remains unclear. Furthermore the molecular mechanism(s) by which the βγ complex modulates diverse mammalian effector molecules is unknown. Effector signaling by the structurally distinct brain-specific β5 subunit was assessed by transient cotransfection with γ2 in COS cells and compared with β1. Transfection of either β1 or β5 with γ2 stimulated the activity of cotransfected phospholipase C-β2 (PLC-β2), as previously reported. In contrast, cotransfection of β1 but not β5 with γ2 stimulated the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathways even though the expression of β5 in COS cells was evident by immunoblotting. The G protein β5 expressed in transfected COS cells was properly folded as its pattern of stable C-terminal proteolytic fragments was identical to that of native brain β5. The inability of β5 to activate the MAPK and JNK pathways was not overcome by cotransfection with three additional Gγ isoforms. These results suggest it is the Gβ subunit which determines the pattern of downstream signaling by the βγ complex and imply that the structural features of the βγ complex mediating effector regulation may differ among effectors.


We develop good heuristics to schedule tasks on computers that have multiple pipelines or multiple asynchronous processors. We also consider the case when different pipes or processors run at different speeds.


Objectives: Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor inhibitors (VEGFRi), used as anti-angiogenic drugs to treat cancer, causes hypertension where mechanisms are still not fully elucidated. Microparticles (MPs) are biomarkers of cell damage. MPs also act as biovectors and influence vascular cell signalling and function. We questioned whether plasma levels of endothelial MPs from cancer patients treated with VEGFi are elevated (possibly reflecting underlying vascular injury) and whether these MPs influence endothelial cell signalling. Methods: Plasma MPs were isolated from cancer patients before and after treatment with VEGFRi (sunitinib, pazopanib or sorafenib). Human aortic endothelial cells (HAEC) were stimulated with isolated MPs (10*6 MPs/mL). MPs were characterized by flow cytometry; protein and gene expression by immunoblotting and qPCR; ROS and NO production by lucigenin and immunofluorescence. Results: VEGFRi treatment increased plasma endothelial cells-derived MPs (1.5 fold; p < 0.05 vs before treatment). HAEC exposed to post-treatment MPs increased pre-pro-ET-1 mRNA (9.1 fold; p < 0.01). Post-treatment MPs also increased ROS generation (5 min: 1.2 fold, p < 0.01; 30 min: 1.6 fold, p < 0.01; 60 min: 1.8 fold, p < 0.05) and phosphorylation of the inhibitory site of eNOS (Thr495) in HAEC (1.8 fold; p < 0.05). NO levels in HAEC exposed to MPs were decreased (1.2 fold; p < 0.05), an effect blocked by an ETB antagonist BQ788. Inflammatory marker gene expression was increased only in HAEC exposed to post-treatment MPs (p < 0.01). Conclusion: In conclusion, our data demonstrate that VEGFi treatment causes an increase in circulating MPs and that play a role in endothelial cell signalling and ET-1 production. These molecular processes may contribute to vascular dysfunction and hypertension in VEGFi-treated cancer patients.


A calcium aluminate (CA) slag of modelled composition, originating from the reductive smelting of Greek bauxite residue (BR) from the Aluminium of Greece facility, was hydrometallurgically treated with a Na2CO3 solution, with a 5% S/L ratio, for Al extraction. 60-minute leaching tests were performed at atmospheric pressure and a temperature range of 25 to 90 °C, with and without the addition of 10% NaOH. Driven by earlier research, a series of 5-minute leaching tests were also performed at the optimum temperature to highlight aspects of the leaching mechanism. More than 75% of the total Al extracted is dissolved in this time but total wt% extraction from the slag ranges between 35%-41%, with the maximum achieved at 90 °C. The coating of particles with CaCO3 was confirmed as the main inhibitor of Al extraction. Addition of NaOH had minimal effect in Al extraction but enhanced Si extraction.


Some of the Iowa Department of Transportation's (Iowa DOT) welded continuous steel plate girder bridges have developed cracks in the negative moment regions at the web gaps with diaphragm connection plates. A method to prevent cracking in bridges with X-type or K-type diaphragms had been suggested by the Iowa DOT, which consists of loosening the bolts in some of the connections between the diaphragm diagonals and the connection plates. The objective of this paper is to investigate the effectiveness of this method in X-type diaphragm bridges. The research was sponsored by and performed in cooperation with the Iowa DOT. The experimental investigation included selecting and testing three bridges: two skew and one non-skew. The finite element method was used to choose the testing locations at which strain gages and displacement transducers were attached. The response at these locations was collected before and after implementing the method. Bridges were subjected to truck loading in different lanes with different speeds. The preliminary results show that the behavior of the web gaps in X-type diaphragm bridges was greatly enhanced by the suggested method as the stress range and out-of-plane distortion were reduced by at least 42% at exterior girders. Based on the results of the study, it is recommended to implement the method in bridges with X-type diaphragms.


Adaptive automation may help balance system autonomy with human interaction in supervisory control environments. Recent results have demonstrated a benefit of performance-based adaptive automation in a multiple unmanned aerial vehicle simulation. However, these findings may instead reflect an attentional benefit from having the task autonomy level change. A between-subjects experimental design was employed to test this possibility. In one group task autonomy level changed with task performance; in the other group levels changed as a function of time elapsed. The results indicated that performance did not significantly differ between the two groups. However, there were significantly more autonomy level changes in the performance-based adaptive automation group. A follow-on study utilizing a yoked-subject design is recommended. Advances in are leading to system tradeoff operator triggering event, operator performance, operator of operator cognition, higher of automation tasks of automated performance-based automation operator task performance workload/cognitive autonomy performance improves


The photolysis of aqueous OClO, a key reaction in the understanding of atmospheric photochemistry, was studied using femtosecond spectroscopy. We report experimental results that resolve the current dispute over the chlorine dioxide photolysis and provide a detailed and complete example of chemical reaction dynamics in liquids. Two channels are active in the photolysis:  (i) the formation of Cl atoms with a quantum yield of 0.07 ± 0.03 and (ii) the formation of ClO+O, that geminately recombine as a result of caging and forms vibrationally excited OClO, which subsequently relaxes to the vibrational ground state on a 10 ps time scale. By continuously tuning the photolysis wavelengths from 400 to 300 nm, we observe a gradual increase in the cage escape yield, as the kinetic energy of the oxygen atom becomes sufficient to break the solvent cage.


The invention relates to an extraction method for producing soluble substances from organic plant or animal raw material with high pressure, wherein supercritical gas is used as a solvent and wherein the organic material is filled into one or a plurality of high pressure reservoirs. The high pressure reservoirs are closed and a pressure of more than 800 bar is subsequently applied. In an extraction step, the supercritical gas flows at least once through the filled high pressure reservoir, wherein no additional entraining agent is added to the supercritical gas. Subsequently the charged supercritical gas is fed completely or partially to a separation stage, wherein natural substances or substance mixtures are reacted or separated from each other by lowering the pressure. The pressure in the extraction stage exceeds the maximum solubility pressure of the oil or fat of the raw material in the supercritical gas at least by 10%. The respective oil or fat of the raw material serves as the entraining agent. ® KIPO & WIPO 2009


Abstract This paper illustrates how sport may be associated with community development and peace building when marshalled by committed and influential local individuals. However, in keeping with the main theme of this special issue, the thrust of the paper is as methodological as it is substantive. Our beginning point is the argument that while innovative in many respects, the 'sport, social development and peace' (SDP) literature has been rather limited methodologically speaking. Paradoxically for a social arena that so obviously depends on the prolonged stewardship of key individuals, a life history or 'storied' approach has rarely been undertaken. In this paper, we attempt to redress this methodological imbalance by making a case for the potential usefulness of such 'recall methods' and, specifically, by both 'chronologizing' and 'narrativizing' the life of a man who has been central in promoting sport as a vehicle for community development in one of the most economically and politically challenged of all Southeast Asian countries – Cambodia. Thus, by arguing that life history approaches have the potential to make a meaningful contribution to knowledge and understanding, this paper engages and hopefully advances the methodological debate in the SDP literature.


Selective growth of InxGa1−xAs on a SiO2-mask patterned GaAs(001) substrate by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) is reported. A simple model for selective growth is derived from the general rate equation of thin film growth. Based on this model, heteroepitaxial selective growth of InxGa1−xAs with x up to 0.07 is demonstrated at 595°C, which is within the range of typical MBE growth temperatures for GaAs but is above the desorption temperature of In atoms from a GaAs surface. An incorporation rate of In atoms of about 0.22% for a Ga flux of 2.0×1013atoms∕cm2s was measured at this temperature. The concentration of In atoms effectively incorporated into the InxGa1−xAs layer is linearly proportional to the supplied In flux in the range 0.7–9.2×1014atoms∕cm2s. The extremely low, but finite, In incorporation is utilized for the growth of 5nm thick InxGa1−xAs∕GaAs quantum wells and ∼300nm thick InxGa1−xAs layers. Together with selective growth, the surface morphology and optical properties of high-temperature grown I...


"We are what we eat." Raised on a soup of Kempthorne's Chapter 7 (which laid out the basis for inference from randomized clinical trials (RCTs)), Cochran's eminent practicality (don't let arcane theory prevent you from looking at actual data) in his text and classes, and Cornfield's remarkable ability to experiment with and rethink his views, I approach the analysis of RCTs in a somewhat different spirit from that expressed by the provocative paper by Rosenberger, Uschner, and Wang (RUW). They and I start on the same page—we all accept the view that their Figure 2, the randomization model, presents the appropriate structure of inference from RCTs, while the frequently applied "invoked model" as depicted in the second panel of their Figure 1 does not. The randomization model views an RCT as a self‐contained entity: it allows formal inference only into itself; inference onto a wider population requires a leap of biological, medical, and sociological faith (much to the consternation of many survey samplers). Often expressed in terms of the conflict between internal and external validity, this fundamental duality informs the interpretation of results of RCTs: to whom the results should apply requires judgment by physicians, regulators, payers, and patients. If the results were relevant only to participants in the trial, neither the private nor the public sector would spend hundreds of millions of dollars developing a drug or device—the conviction that the results are relevant outside the narrow confines of the trial population drives development of new therapies. The question on the table, then, is not which model is correct, but how actually to analyze data from RCTs. RUW argue that in earlier decades, statisticians knew randomization tests represented the correct approach to analysis, but their lack of access to fast computers forced use of likelihood‐based methods. Now, RUW contend, the situation is reversed: we have easy access to high powered computers, but we statisticians have lost our way—we no longer appreciate the need for randomization tests. RUW are closer to knowing how students are being taught than I am—it may well be true that the crucial distinction between internal and external validity is no longer central to the training of statisticians (if that is correct, some aspects statistical education needs to revert back to earlier times). Where we part is concluding that we should therefore be replacing our current reliance on model‐based inference with randomization tests. Back to Kempthorne's Chapter 7 which teaches that tests based on normal theory generally produce excellent approximations to true randomization tests. My own take‐away from that lesson was to fear ordinary statistical tests in RCTs only when some statistical aspect of the trial deviated markedly from the typical case. I have been involved in three trials whose properties were so atypical that I felt the need to perform randomization or permutation tests. The first was a trial of motexafin gadolinum in patients with brain cancer. Because the trial was open label, those of us involved in its design were concerned that use of conventionally sized small blocks within centers would allow investigators to deduce the size of the blocks and therefore gain the potential to manipulate assignment of patients to the experimental or control arm. We therefore used an urn model to allocate assignments and, because of our uncertainty about the applicability of the theory that defended the use of model‐based statistics, we performed a rerandomization test. The second case involved a study of fish oil for reduction of triglycerides (TG) among people whose levels were above 500 mg/dL. Here, the problem was the extreme skewness of TG levels. Rather than using medians or transformations, we decided to see how a simple analysis of covariance of level of TG with baseline TG as a covariate, stratified by the randomization strata, would compare to the same analysis based on a randomization distribution. The third case involved a Phase 3 trial of voretigene neparvovec, a gene therapy for patients with biallelic RPE65 mutation‐ associated retinal dystrophy. The study, which used a novel outcome with a new scoring system, randomized only 21 participants to gene therapy and 10 to placebo. The small sample size, coupled with our uncertainty about the distributional properties of the scoring system, led us to do an actual permutation test. Because of the small sample size, we were able to enumerate all possible permutations of treatment assignments and calculate the permutation‐test P‐value. In all three


SUMMARY Experience with 27 patients with second degree facial burn, with body extension more than 1%. 46% was ABA degree and 54% degree. They requiered three healing after total epidermization repared. Our face is the presentation card to society. Any scar, even a small one, can cause a tremendous esthetic and psychological sequela. It can be the cause of a social stimgatization leading to unsuspected consecuences. Facial burn, considered an extremely serious lesion, has got for a long time a special attention because it constitutes a functional and an esthetical criterion of severity. Someone with this lesion should be hospitalized to offer the best treatment available to avoid deeper and secondary extension as well as to minimize esthetic and functional sequela. Once we have discarded a respiratory burn, our efforts should be centered in getting a fast epidermization, early skin grafts and a compressive treatment to minimize sequelas. We analize the advantages of a new healing treatment, which resembles the humid atmosphere, achieving a faster recovery, with less frequent interventions and less painful treatments in comparison to traditional healing methods.


In the title compound, C23H46N6O2, the two hydroxy groups are located on opposite sides of the triazine ring. One of the hydroxy groups links with the triazine N atom via an intramolecular O—H⋯N hydrogen bond. Intermolecular O—H⋯N and N—H⋯O hydrogen bonding is observed in the crystal structure. π–π stacking is also observed between parallel triazine rings of adjacent molecules, the centroid–centroid distance being 3.5944 (14) Å.


Nowadays the predication of electricity demand is consdired as a main criteria for estimating the electricity generation costs. Companies always sought to create balancing between the supply and demand of power. We are interested in this paper is short-term load forecasting (1 hour – 1 week). The important factors that are considered, in this paper, for the electricity supply are the temperatures and time. Then, different neural network models (NN) are used and developped for increasing the accuracy of the short term load forecasting such as backpropagation, Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS), wherease Wavelets Neural Network (WNN) is used as a comparative model. An optimized neural network is found by defining the suitable number of hidden layers and their nodes and an optimized membership functions number associated to each input unit is proposed in ANFIS model. A comparison between these models shows that the optimised ANFIS model outperfroms the other methods.


The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID19) pandemic has resulted in wideranging health, social and economic impacts. By October 2020, global cases exceeded 41 million, with 1.1 million deaths.1 Urgent requirements for information were met with data on epidemiology, clinical features and recommended management being circulated on social media and prepublication servers. While this has allowed timely sharing of data, it has also brought risk of misinformation, with consequent changes to medical practice and misdirection of scarce resources based on flawed evidence.


The present invention relates to a total-reflection-type rain sensor using a mirror, which is attached to the glass of a vehicle to detect raindrops falling onto the glass of the vehicle, and which outputs a signal capable of controlling the speed and the cycle of the vehicle wipers according to the amount and falling frequency of the detected raindrops. In more detail, the total-reflection-type rain sensor using a mirror according to the present invention is a rain sensor that is technically characterized by including: a light emitting unit; an adhering unit; a light receiving unit; and a controller, is attached to the glass of a vehicle, and detects raindrops falling onto the glass of the vehicle, wherein the light receiving unit receives light that is emitted from the light emitting unit to be incident on the glass of the vehicle and is totally reflected from the glass of the vehicle, a signal with respect to the amount of received light is output, the controller communicates with the vehicle, a threshold value that can operate the wipers of the vehicle is pre-stored, the signal from the light receiving unit is received to analyze the amount of raindrops corresponding to the amount of light, and when the amount of raindrops exceeds the threshold value, the wipers are operated.


The invention discloses a spreader stabilizing mechanism of a container gantry crane, comprising a drum group, a pulley block, a spreader upper frame and a steel wire rope group wound on the drum group and the pulley block; the steel wire rope forms four congruent inverse triangles at the space between the spreader upper frame and a pulley frame; the bottom points of the four inverse triangles are distributed at the four corners of the spreader upper frame symmetrically; included angles which are formed by the planes of the four inverse triangles and the moving direction of a cart and a trolley are all acute angles. Therefore, in the moving direction of the cart and the trolley, the motion damping of the four space triangles exists, thus reducing the swing of the spreader; when the load of the spreader is not balance and the swing of opposite angles is generated, namely, twisting and vibration are generated, the space triangle forms the motion damping in the diagonal direction of the upper surface of the spreader upper frame and forms damping component in three directions of the space, thus offsetting the swing of the opposite angles. The invention has simple structure, convenient maintenance and use and high safe reliability.


We have succeeded in realizing a monolithic optical pick-up device capable of confocal detection. The jitter was 4.0 ns with a line velocity of 1.2 m/s. The DC offsets were less than 10% for a lens radical displacement of plus or minus 400 mm and a radical skew of plus or minus 2 degrees. These small DC offsets were due to confocal detection.