These anthropometric and grip strength parameters are found to play an important role in the design and modification of various manually operated farm tools and equipments which are found to greatly enhance the farmers safety, health, comfort and productivity. The paper presents 64 anthropometric and grip strength parameters including weight and age of agriculture workers for Marathwada region of Maharashtra state (India). Statistical analysis of the collected such as minimum, maximum, mean, standard deviation, SEM, coefficient of variation, 5th, 50 th and 95 th percentile is also presented. This data will be helpful to the agricultural tools/equipments manufacturers to design the equipments/tools ergonomically for the Maharashtra population.


Biofilms, surface adhered microbial communities embedded in a self-produced matrix of extracellular polymers, represents the predominant mode of growth of microorganisms in almost every niche, including chronic infections. The biofilm provides a privileged environment for the survival of pathogens during persistent and chronic infections, acting as a nidus of infection. Considerable variability in tolerance to plasma exposure has been described across various species of bacteria when grown as biofilms. This workshop presentation focuses on elucidation of the mechanisms by which bacterial biofilms tolerate plasma exposure and describes recent research into understanding and overcoming phenotypic resistance for improved biofilm control.


This paper reports on a survey of ten gas utilities with comprehensive demand-side management (DSM) programs for their customers. It includes data on budget level, amount of gas savings, ratio of gas savings per program dollar, utility motivation to implement gas DSM programs, cost effectiveness of gas DSM programs as a whole, and whether or not the utility has financial incentives to implement the programs. The survey shows that leading utilities are spending at least 0.7% of their revenues on gas DSM programs, and reducing gas consumption among their customers by 0.5-1.0% per year. On average, the ten utilities are saving 72,700 MCF (thousand cubic feet) of gas per million dollars of DSM program expenditures. The benefit-cost ratio of the programs surveyed ranges from 1.6 to 5.6, with an average value of 2.7. Most utilities use the Total Resource Cost (TRC) test or a societal benefit-cost test to evaluate cost effectiveness. Finally, our survey indicates that utilities with financial incentives for utility shareholders tend to spend a slightly greater percentage of revenues and save more per dollar spent than utilities without incentives.


PURPOSE: The thermal decomposition unit of mass spectrograph of thermal organism is provided to improve efficiency of analysis by collecting biological samples in optimal condition, TMAH solution which is thermally decomposed and is ejected. CONSTITUTION: The pyrolysis unit (10) of organic compound pyrolysis mass spectrograph comprises a pyrolysis tube (11) heating mixture of biological sample and TMAH solution inside after mixing and thermally decomposing biological sample, a sample collection part (12) for supplying biological sample to pyrolysis tube, a TMAH solution spray part (13) for spraying TMAH solution inside of a pyrolysis tube, and a transmit unit (14) which supplies sample which is thermally decomposed in pyrolysis tube to a mass analysis unit (30).


1 By use of whole cell patch‐clamp and Indo‐1 fluorescence studies of the Jurkat T leukaemic cell line, we show that the new organic antagonist of receptor‐mediated Ca2+ entry, SK&F 96365, inhibits the T cell Ca2+ current in a dose‐dependent fashion, with an IC50 of 12 μm. 2 SK&F 96365 also inhibits [3H]‐thymidine incorporation and interleukin‐2 (IL‐2) synthesis in peripheral blood lymphocytes. 3 SK&F 96365 has no effect on Ca2+ stores release or K+ channels. 4 This is the first account of an organic inhibitor of the T cell Ca2+ current. The ability of SK&F 96365 to inhibit IL‐2 synthesis and cell proliferation suggests that a new class of related Ca2+ channel blockers can be developed as immunosuppressive agents.


Background: The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of torquetenovirus (TTV) infection in a group of children with recurrent lower respiratory tract infections and radiologic evidence of bronchiectasis. Correlations between TTV loads and severity of bronchiectasis and between TTV loads and lung function were evaluated. Methods: In 38 subjects, high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) and plasma tests for TTV detection and quantification were done. In 21/38 subjects, spirometry was also performed. Results: TTV was found in 31/38 (81.6%) patients. The correlation between TTV loads and severity of bronchiectasis was statistically significant (r = 0.548; P = 0.01). TTV loads showed inverse correlation with FEF25–75% (r = −0.541; P = 0.011), and FEF25–75%/FVC (r = −0.512; P = 0.018). Inverse correlation was found also between severity of bronchiectasis and functional lung parameters: FEF25–75% (r = −0.635; P = 0.002), FEV1/FVC (r = −0.541; P = 0.011), and FEF25–75%/FVC (r = −0.645; P = 0.002). Conclusions: This study demonstrated the high prevalence of TTV infection in children with bronchiectasis. Moreover, we have shown a significant correlation between TTV loads and airflow limitation within the peripheral airways, as well as between severity of bronchiectasis and decrease of lung function.


This research aimed to determine the personality of female athletes in Sport Talent Senior High School (SMANKO) Bengkulu Province. This research used a qualitative descriptive method. The subjects of this study were all female athletes in the Sports Talent Senior High School (SMANKO) Bengkulu Province, totaling 38 athletes. The instruments and data collection techniques used in this research were observation, interviews, questionnaires, and documentation. The data analysis technique used was a descriptive analysis with a percentage. The results of the study stated that the observation percentage was 60.53%, the general questionnaire was 57.90%, the interview was 55.26%, and the documentation was 42.10%. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the personality of female athletes in the  sports talent senior high school (SMANKO) Bengkulu was classified as good.


Author(s): Zhou, Yi | Advisor(s): Lee, Ronald D | Abstract: How can we interpret the demographic behaviors in Chinese society, whose culture is quite different from the West? To what extent can these behaviors be explained with existing theoretical frameworks? Or do we need to modify these frameworks or even create new ones? To shed lights on these questions, I conducted three quantitative studies using Chinese data samples. Each study investigates a specific question. Using the Great Famine as a natural experiment, the first essay examines the causal link between education at young ages and cognitive abilities in elder life. I find that the unexpected occurrence of famine deprived millions of educational opportunities at that time, which in turn resulted in long-term consequences for mental health and cognition. The second essay also focuses on the cognitive functions of elder adults in China through a discussion about the role of political connections, measured with a dummy variable indicating whether at least one of each respondent's children is politically employed. The empirical results confirm the beneficial effect of having a cadre child, which partially works through the channel of encouraging social interaction. In the last essay, I examine how a girl's educational attainment is associated with her given name. The given name may reveal the expectations of parents and also affect girls' self-aspirations. By constructing three quantitative indices for each given name based on its relative frequency in different groups, I show that girls with a more educated, urban, male-sounding name are more likely to attend junior high school.


The two SSS clutch are researched retrorsely in this text.We unscramble its design idea,devise our clutch experiment sample,carry through the capability experiment,analysis the result of experiment,unscramble retrorsely the capability of the SSS clutch,all of these are very important for advancing our level of theory design.


OBJECTIVE To understand the current status of sharp instrument injuries among the medical staff of Beijing so as to formulate related precautions for the sharp injuries.METHODS By means of the questionnaire survey,the time of onset,places,and instruments of the sharp injuries among the medical staff from 31hospitals were investigated,then the data were statistically analyzed by SAS9.1software.RESULTS The incidence rate of the sharp injuries was 3.37% within one month with the frequency of 0.41time/personyear;the incidence rate of the sharp injuries among the midwife was 13.07%,the anesthesiologist 10.00%,the medical waste collection staff 6.25%,which were higher than that of the staff with other positions.The incidence rate of the sharp injuries was 39.55%in the general ward,26.28%in operating room.The disposable syringe,scalp needle,and suture needle were the main sharp instruments leading to the sharp injuries,accounting for 34.09%,15.79%,and 15.61%,respectively.42.37% of the sharp injuries were induced by the instruments contaminated by the blood or body fluid,21.23% of which were contaminated by the pathogens causing blood borne transmitted diseases.CONCLUSIONThe sharp instrument injuries present serious threats to the mental and physical health of the medical staff,the incidence rate of the sharp injuries can be reduced through the enhanced training,use of safe needle setting,standardized specification of high-risk occupation categories,and standard operation at high-risk places.


The situation in contemporary Czech Republic provides numerous examples showing that experts and scientists keep enjoying an unchallenged and privileged status of neutral arbiters, situated out of the political arena. Although comparisons between the post-communist East and (capitalist) West are always at risk of being schematic and inadequate, it seems that such de-politicized perception of science is much stronger in the Eastern Europe than in most Western European countries. Underdevelopment of STS (Science and technology studies) in the post-communist East is part of this diagnosis. Different political cultures of expertise in the "new" and "old" EU member states might even turn into sources of tension and misunderstanding on the level of particular problems and controversies. In my paper I would like to make the difference and its roots more understandable. I will discuss the political status of science under the communist regime and its implications for the development after 1989. That time, in the Czech Republic, science and expertise were to be "finally liberated" from the burden of the political, with the hope that this de-politicization would bring us closer to Western democracies. This was a huge misapprehension, however, since Western democracies were at the very same time shifting towards a kind of "re-politicization" of the realm of science and technology. Propensity toward de-politicization was further increased, again quite paradoxically, by the process of accession of the Czech Republic to the EU. This process, simply put, had the form of purely technical implementation of unquestionable measures and principles. Although my presentation will take empirical evidence and case examples mostly from the Czech Republic, it may open a more general discussion about science and expertise in other post-communist countries as well. In this paper I would like to highlight what I consider to be one of the most striking, yet often unnoticed difference between the political cultures of Western European countries and the political culture of the Czech Republic. The difference concerns the political status and public perceptions of scientific expertise. Rather than being critical, however, my ambition is to make the difference more understandable. While the situation in the Western Europe has been discussed abundantly, I will try to explain why the situation in Eastern Europe is so dissimilar. Although the examples I am going to use come almost exclusively from my home country, the Czech Republic, the paper might still have broader implications. Despite undoubted and important differences among the Eastern European countries, both in the present time and in the past, by describing and explaining the situation in the Czech Republic I might address certain common features of the post-communist condition. Further, to a certain extent, the discussion might apply to the Western countries as well – the patterns characteristic of the Czech Republic are in no case completely strange to them; they have only become somewhat obsolete in their strong form. 1 The fact that it is rather difficult to find analytic accounts of the situation in "science and politics" in various countries in Eastern Europe is illustrative and relevant in itself for our discussions. Indeed, as a Czech sociologist, engaged in STS during last several years and only occasionally going for a short trip abroad, I know much more about "science and politics" in Denmark, France, United Kingdom or Portugal than in Bulgaria, Poland, Hungary or even Slovakia.


The results of a calculation of the characteristics of the muon flux in thecomposition of extensive air showers are compared with the results ofexperiment. The quark-gluon string model was taken as the basicnuclear-interaction model at high energies. It is shown that the experimentaldata (energy spectrum and lateral distribution of muons) agree with the resultsof the calculation. In the framework of the model adopted for the nuclearinteraction, the experimental data on the nuclear composition of the primarycosmic radiation generating extensive air showers are discussed.


The catheter has a double curve and is triangular (Cook Inc., Bloomington, IN). The primary curve is about 135#{176} and the secondary curve is about 30#{176} (Fig. 1). The common femoral artery is punctured in the retrograde direction at a 70#{176} angle with a Seldinger needle. The catheter is introduced over a guidewire into the abdominal aorta. The tip of the catheter is then engaged into a visceral artery and by a rotational and pushing motion ofthe catheter at the groin, the triangular shape ofthe catheter is re-formed. The catheter is then brought down into the common and external iliac arteries with its tip facing the lateral wall. This avoids opening the catheter loop at the aortic bifurcation or catheterization of the ipsilateral hypogastric artery. In the external iliac artery, the catheter is rotated so as to direct the tip medially. The catheter is then pulled at the groin to engage the secondary curve at the puncture site in the common femoral artery. A test injection of contrast medium usually delineates the distal common femoral artery and the superficial and deep femoral arteries. Road mapping facilitates subsequent passage of a guidewire into the superficial femoral artery. The use of a tapered guidewire decreases the risk of dislodging the catheter out of the femoral artery or pushing the catheter in the retrograde direction into the external iliac artery. This catheter or any other sheath/catheterthen can be passed into the superficialfemoral artery.


Objective To summerize the chemical constituents,pharmacological effects,and quality evaluation,etc of Euryale ferox in recent years for further research and development.Method Articles about Euryale ferox in domestic and abroad journals were summarized.Results The chemical composition of Euryale ferox can be divided into two types of components.The nourishment compositions mainly contain carbohydrates and proteins,and the efficacy ingredients include flavonoids,cyclic peptide,sterol,lipid,brain lipid,etc.The pharmacological effects of Euryale ferox were studied less,mainly concentrated in oxidation and myocardial ischemia.Its quality was influenced by water environment.Conclusion The nutrition of Euryale ferox is rich.Euryale ferox has a good prospect in preventing cardio-cerebral diseases and is good for developing new drugs and health products.


Sometimes it is useful to assess models by comparing their accuracy in fitting data. This approach can, however, be misleading when models are specified with assumptions that are not required by the model. I will describe case histories of testing models such as Cumulative Prospect Theory, Regret Theory, and Lexicographic Semiorder models (including the priority heuristic) by testing critical properties that can be deduced as theorems of one model and which should be violated according to another model. Model fitting is used to calculate where to search for predicted violations under one model that refute another model.


PurposeThe paper investigates the effects of strategic human resource practices on intellectual capital and new product development performance in knowledge-based firms.Design/methodology/approachA quantitative approach was adopted to conduct the present study. The respondents were sampled from knowledge-based firms in Iran. Overall, 120 managers in 60 knowledge-based firms were selected using convenience sampling. A confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to ascertain the validity and reliability of the observed items, and a structural equation model was employed for testing the proposed hypotheses.FindingsIn the studied firms, strategic human resource practices have a positive and significant effect on intellectual capital. Moreover, the findings of this study indicate that those firms that use their intellectual capital have a higher new product development performance.Research limitations/implicationsThe study focuses on knowledge-based firms in Iran, which limits the generalizability of the research results. Therefore, future studies should be carried out with samples from other settings and countries. Moreover, as the study was cross-sectional, the causal relationships could not be inferred directly.Practical implicationsWith regard to key areas of improvement identified in this study, knowledge-based firms should focus on increasing new product development performance by improving employees' training, involving them in their job-related decision-making process, empowering employees to innovate, developing intellectual capital and monitoring the customer's satisfaction level of new products.Originality/valueThe study extends the intellectual capital literature by linking strategic human resource practices to new product development performance in knowledge-based firms via intellectual capital as a mediator.


Objective To discuss the clinical effect of augmentation mammoplasty with silica gel breast prosthesis.Methods Firstly,the prosthesis was chosen according to some measured data such as the breast width,the basal breast width,the distance of the nipple to the crease under the breast fold.Then the prosthesis was put into the deep surface or superfical surface of the major pectoralis muscle.Results We have 122 cases(68 cases for deep surface and 54 cases for superfical surface) of augmentation mammoplasty with rough surface prothesis made of domestic silicone gel from May 2010 to December 2011.Three month to one year postoperative follow-up show that the shape and the touch of breasts of all patients are close to real.Mild capsular contracture happened in 1 case,but none complications such as infection,hematoma and prothesis distortion.Conclusions The tissue compatibility of silicone gel breast prosthesis to body is good.The incidence rate of capsular contracture can be reduced by suitable operation method and postoperative treatment.


We focus on the probability P of full ranking(any 2 alternatives don't receive a same total score) with integer-scoring voting rule,which is similar to Borda count.We bring forth formulas that compute P under certain assumptions.Computer programs are designed and used to compute the values of P.With the data obtained,we discussed how the three variants of an integer-scoring voting rule influence the values of P,and how an integer-scoring voting rule should be designed and adjusted. Some conclusions are drawn.


The human T cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) is an oncogenic retrovirus which infects and transforms T lymphocytes and is the etiologic agent of adult T cell leukemia (ATL) and HTLV-I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). HTLV-I infection elicits a highly active cell-mediated immune response consisting of CD8C T cells which recognize and eliminate cells harboring viral antigens. A perturbation of the CD8C T cell response to HTLV-I likely contributes to the genesis of HTLV-I-associated disease. Whereas ATL is associated with an ineffective Taxspeci c CD8C T cell response, HAM-TSP is characterized by hyper-active Tax-speci c CD8C T cells which may be directly involved in the genesis of neurologic disease. The molecular mechanisms underlying the basis of these divergent CD8C T cell responses are unknown. Activation of naṏve CD8C T cells generally requires CD4C T cell help which enhances antigen presentation by dendritic cells (DCs). Activated CD4C T cells express CD40 Ligand (CD40L) as well as other cell-surface molecules which provide signals mediating the functional maturation of DCs via upregulation of MHC and costimulatory molecules. The gene expression proles of CD4C T cells are dramatically altered by HTLV-I, and genes involved in functional modulation of DCs may possibly be deregulated. Indeed, examination of HTLV-I-infected CD4C T cell lines revealed altered mRNA expression of CD40L and LIGHT, both tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family members which regulate DC function and CD8C T cell activation. CD40L mRNA was absent in infected cells as compared to activated, uninfected T cells suggesting that lack of CD40L may be a potential mechanism underlying the defective DC maturation and CD8C T cell activation associated with ATL. Conversely, LIGHT mRNA expression was upregulated in HTLV-I-transformed cell lines. The deregulated expression of LIGHT appears to be mediated by Tax which trans-activates the LIGHT promoter and induces LIGHT expression. Deregulated expression of genes of the TNF family by HTLV-I may contribute to abnormalities in CD8C T cell responses associated with ATL and HAM/TSP. P114 HTLV-I transactivator protein Tax impacts dendritic cell maturation and immunologic function K. Barmak, C. Grant, E. Harhaj, T. Alefantis, B. Wigdahl Penn State College of Medicine (Hershey, USA)


The importance of social networks in job search and migration have been well documented. However, spreading information too widely throughout networks when opportunities arise can easily lead to the tragedy of the commons – too many people depleting a limited opportunity can mean no one benefits in the end. Hence, despite the generally positive value of large social networks, we should expect the strategic sharing of information within networks. To better understand this, we study the co-migration decisions of social connections through the movements of gold miners in Colombia. In this setting, we document three facts that are easily interpretable with a model of referrals and scarce resources. First, while working with close social connections is associated with higher production, having too many miners present is ultimately associated with lower production. Second, in line with the first result, we find that more productive miners, for whom depletion of resources is a greater concern, invite fewer social connections. Finally, the connections that miners are willing to invite are heavily selected; miners tend to invite productive over non-productive peers


Typical career planning courses assist students with the self-assessment process, career exploration, and decision making. Although this assistance is helpful, college students are increasingly concerned with issues of meaning and calling (P. Braun, 2005). The authors describe and test the effectiveness of the Let Your Life Speak course, a program to help students articulate their framework of life meaning and increase their sense of vocational calling. Results indicate an increase in sense of vocational calling, greater confidence in ability to achieve goals, and a deepened framework of life meaning. Moreover, 96% reported they would recommend the course to others.


Resilient modulus (Mr) is a laboratory determined parameter, where a cylindrical specimen is subjected to dynamic axial stresses under confining stresses, while axial deformations are measured. By definition Mr is the ratio of the peak axial stress to the corresponding recoverable axial strain. Currently, there are two accepted laboratory testing protocols for determining Mr, namely AASHTO T 307 and NCHRP 1-28A. These two standards differ from one another in ways that are known to affect Mr, namely in location of load and deformation transducers. One focus of this study is the determination of resilient modulus for an A-6 subgrade soil at varying moisture conditions (± 2-3% relative to optimum). Specimens of 2.8 inch and 4 inch diameters are reconstituted using modified proctor compaction. Resilient modulus values are determined using internal and external deformation measurement techniques. Comparative analyses are performed, and based on the results a multivariate regression equation has been developed which estimates resilient modulus as a function of gravimetric moisture content and maximum cyclic axial stress for this soil.


The approximate algorithm for k-Center problem in complete undirected graphs with a parameterized triangle inequality was considered.Assume that for some parameter τ≥12,the distances satisfy the triangle inequality dist(x,y)≤τ(dist(x,z)+dist(z,y)) for every triple of vertices x,y,and z.A 2τ-approximation algorithm was obtained and proved that it is the best one.Subsequently,a 2τ~2+τ-approximation algorithm for the weighted version was obtained.


Every person who accesses the NDIS scheme will receive an NDIS Plan [National Disability Insurance Scheme Act 2013 (Cth) s


10031 Background: Survival for pediatric B-cell lymphomas (BCL) exceeds 90% with modern regimens, however outcomes remain poor for patients with relapsed or refractory (R/R) disease. Tisagenlecleucel is a CD19-directed CAR T-cell therapy (CART) that is FDA approved for adults with R/R BCL. No data exists for use of tisagenlecleucel in R/R pediatric BCL. Methods: We surveyed 48 sites in the Pediatric Real-World CAR Consortium to retrospectively describe use and outcomes of tisagenlecleucel for pediatric patients with R/R BCL. This cohort included 10 patients from 7 centers aged ≤25 years who were infused between 2019-2022 and were ≥3 months from CART. We aimed to describe response rates, as determined by each institution based on positron emission tomography, bone marrow evaluation, and/or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) studies, along with toxicity and outcomes in this population. Results: Ten patients received CART with a median age at infusion of 19 (range, 7-24) years. Five patients had B-lymphoblastic lymphoma (B-LLy), 2 had primary mediastinal BCL, and 1 each had Burkitt lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), and post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder related DLBCL. Five patients had primary refractory disease, and 5 were in ≥2nd relapse. Three had received prior hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT). Two had CSF involvement, and 1 had central nervous system parenchymal disease at time of infusion. CART was well tolerated with 1 patient experiencing grade 3 cytokine release syndrome and 2 patients experiencing neurotoxicity (grade 2 n = 1, grade 3 n = 1), both of whom had CSF involvement at time of CART infusion. Best overall response was complete response (CR) for 6, partial response (PR) for 2, and refractory disease for 2. Two patients, both with B-LLy, underwent allogeneic HSCT while in CART-mediated CR with B-cell aplasia. Both patients with PR (1 DLBCL, 1 Burkitt) subsequently relapsed with CD19-negative disease; the patient with DLBCL subsequently achieved CR with salvage immuno-chemotherapy and HSCT. All 6 CR patients remain in remission at a median time to follow-up of 31 (range, 14-47) months. Conclusions: This multicenter case series of CD19-directed CART for R/R pediatric BCL suggests that tisagenlecleucel may be safe and active in this population with all CR patients currently in sustained remission. Larger studies are needed to understand how best to incorporate CART into treatment for R/R pediatric BCL. [Table: see text]


The paper presents the results of a study of self-timed (ST) digital circuits' soft-error tolerance. Practical ST circuits have a pipeline structure. The combinational parts of the ST pipeline are naturally immune to 72% of short-term soft errors. The proposed circuitry and layout methods increase the ST pipeline combinational part's failure tolerance to 98% and higher. ST pipeline stage register is the most susceptible to soft errors. A typical variant of the ST pipeline register bit unit based on C-elements has a failure tolerance of 83%. The proposed register bit implementation cases increase the failure tolerance of the ST pipeline up to 98%.


In this paper,eight typical islands were selected as the research object,according to the ecological characteristics and geographical distribution of the mid-subtropical islands in China.Single-factor water quality evaluation method and eutrophication evaluation method which accounts for nutrient limitation were used to evaluate the seawater quality status of eight typical mid-subtropical islands in China.The results showed that the seawater quality of these typical mid-subtropical islands in China was generally good,other than inorganic nitrogen and active phosphate which were considered as major pollutants of seawater around these typical mid-subtropical islands;the seawater around these islands was usually phosphorus-limited and the nutritional level was different;the main reasons of seawater eutrophication were river basin pollution,coastal wastewater discharge and aquaculture pollution.


No support is found here for certain regularity hypotheses, while others may be valid. Doubt is cast on the reliability of diffusion curves. Belief in the report proves to be based strongly on the credibility of the first-report medium.


In restructured enterprises of Jianghan oilfield,there are problems including outdated equipment and technology,heavy personnel burden,nonstandard corporate governance structure,obvious stock rights conflict in some structured enterprises,feeble inside marketing support and prevention,poor external environment,no government subsidies in place and left-behind land.Therefore,supporting them requires upholding the principle of long-term support and concern to provide them with policy help and service,the principle of"equal priority,marketable operation and contract-based management"to further increase market support,the principle of mutual benefit and mutual development to bring them nice enviroment for production and living,the principle of localized management to supervise and guide their standard operation according to the law and the principle of"He who is in charge takes responsibility"to establish and improve the responsibility system for their stability safeguard.


Objective: To analysis the clinical characterist of mycoplasma pneumonia (MP) in children in order to increase ratio of correct diagnosis. Method: Sum up clinical manifestation and laboratory examination of 63 patients retrospectively. Result: Cough in all patients and wheeze in part patient, slight pulmonary sign in most patients, carpets and patchy opacities shadow in chest radiograph, MP-PCR in sputum or MP-IgM in blood were positive. Conclusion: When we find cough too long or slight lung sign and abnormality significantly in chest radiograph, we must do relevant examination to MP in order not to prolong diagnose and therapy.


Community engagement with time poor and seemingly apathetic citizens continues to challenge local governments. Capturing the attention of a digitally literate community who are technology and socially savvy adds a new quality to this challenge. Community engagement is resource and time intensive, yet local governments have to manage on continually tightened budgets. The benefits of assisting citizens in taking ownership in making their community and city a better place to live in collaboration with planners and local governments are well established. This study investigates a new collaborative form of civic participation and engagement for urban planning that employs in-place digital augmentation. It enhances people's experience of physical spaces with digital technologies that are directly accessible within that space, in particular through interaction with mobile phones and public displays.

The study developed and deployed a system called Discussions in Space (DIS) in conjunction with a major urban planning project in Brisbane. Planners used the system to ask local residents planning-related questions via a public screen, and passers-by sent responses via SMS or Twitter onto the screen for others to read and reflect, hence encouraging in-situ, real-time, civic discourse. The low barrier of entry proved to be successful in engaging a wide range of residents who are generally not heard due to their lack of time or interest. The system also reflected positively on the local government for reaching out in this way. Challenges and implications of the short-texted and ephemeral nature of this medium were evaluated in two focus groups with urban planners. The paper concludes with an analysis of the planners' feedback evaluating the merits of the data generated by the system to better engage with Australia's new digital locals.


Bio-statistical methods are increasingly used in the medical research for designing, presentation and analysis of current medical research. The objectives of present study are to compare application of Bio-statistical methods used in medical research in National and International Journals. Study method is by reviewing the current medical journals both National and International, which are received at the Medical college Library of Vijayanagara Institute of Medical science. The more common methods of Bio-statistics used in designing, presentation, and analysis is compared among different specialties of Medical research both in National as well as International journals. The study is helpful for the Bio-Statisticians in selection of proper Bio-Statistical methods for medical research and is also helpful for the medical researchers to know the current methods of Bio-Statistics for data presentation, analysis and interpretation.


The paper presents the cooling mode of 3BF,the project of the pure water treatment and its main problems.The new method of water treatment and its actual results are described in detail.Some suggestions on the management and treatment for furnace shaft pure wate system are put forward.


Blackberry ( Rubus fruticosus ) belongs to the Rosaceae family. It is very rich in essential and beneficial elements. In Morocco, despite its nutritional quality, this fruit remains among the forest species that are ignored. The present study has been focused on the physicochemical characterization of this species. The fruits have been harvested from the Mediterranean region of Morocco (Tangier-Tetouan-Al Hoceima). The analysis was made directly after the harvest for the determination of pH value, acidity, Total soluble solid, refraction index, total and reducer sugar levels. Results showed that the fruit is acidic (pH 4.65±0.32), rich in water (70%) and total sugars (27.43±2.67 mg/l).  The variation of different physicochemical parameters in all fruit samples collected from different sites may be due to geographical distribution, climatic and edaphic parameters.


In this paper,we review the factors influencing the evolution of the global standards system. We then discuss some of the approaches that governments have taken or are exploring in order to modify the system for the benefit of domestic and worldwide economic development. We use as an example an effort of the U.S.National Institute of Standards and Technology to encourage voluntary consensus standards for interoperable broadband wireless access systems. Purpose This document may be of interest in understanding the position of the IEEE 802.16 Working Group with respect to global standardization. Notice This document has been prepared to assist IEEE 802.16. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein.


The present study is mainly to investigate the effect of pre-harvest treatments of calcium on the production and scavenging of reactive oxygen species in raspberry fruit during postharvest periods.Raspberry were sprayed with 50 mmol/L calcium chloride and calcium propionate before harvest to detect sound fruit rate,bioactive components content,and free radical scavenging ability in raspberry fruit.The results showed that sound fruit rate increased significantly when calcium chloride or calcium propionate was sprayed twice or three times,and spraying twice was optimal.Calcium treatment improved the production of H2O2 as well as bioactive components such as anthocyanin,phenolics and flavonoid of raspberry fruit,while total antioxidant ability,DPPH radical and hydroxyl radical scavenging ability were significantly inhibited during postharvest storage.Preharvest spraying with calcium twice could significantly increase sound fruit rate in raspberry during postharvest storage,which lies in the induction of oxidative stress as well as secondary metabolites.


This paper deals mainly with the gymnosperms in their natural environment. Most of the 10 species are highly endemic taxa of the genera Araucaria, Saxegothaea, Podocarpus, Dacrydium, Autrocedrus, Fitzroya and Pilgerodendron representing 5 families. Their geographical distribution is not yet well known.


In this paper we examine comparatively the modality, intentionality and dialectal delimitation of two linguistic varieties of Spanish. The comparison allows us not only to describe two languages distant in time and space, no longer considered minority or marginal, but also to trace some parallelisms on the difficulties aroused by the methodological treatment of geographic and diastratic delimitation.


Worldwide there is an urgent need to monitor the conditions of monuments affected by biodeterioration and biodegradation, but no long term data exist for most of them. Here is an exception in the case of certain Roman monuments whose bioderioration and biodegradation agents were painted approximately 250 years ago by Giovanni Canal and Bernardo Bellotto, the Canalettos. In our study we compare four paintings with recent photographs of the same monuments by using grid counts. The mean area affected by visible biodeterioration and biodegradation decreased less than 2% since the time of the Canalettos ́s paintings (ChiSquare p < 0.004) and the improvement mostly involves higher plants. We urge others to find old paintings and photographs that can be used for similar studies in other cultural resources.


Severe vitamin B6 (VB6) deficiency alters fatty acid (FA) profiles of rat tissue lipids. The aim of this study was to determine effects of marginal VB6 deficiency on FA profiles in various blood fractions. Healthy subjects (n=23) received a 2‐d adequate diet followed by a 28‐d VB6 restricted diet to induce a marginal deficiency. Plasma total FA and free fatty acids (FFA), red cell and lymphocyte membrane FA were analyzed. After 28‐d restriction, plasma total C18:3 n‐6 (p < 0.05), C20:4 n‐6 (p ≤ 0.001), C20:5 n‐3 (p = 0.01), and C22:6 n‐3 (p < 0.01) concentrations all decreased significantly. The ratio of C20:4 n‐6/C18:2 n‐6 in plasma also significantly decreased (p ≤ 0.001). There were no significant changes of FA profiles in plasma FFA and red cell membrane lipids. For lymphocyte membrane lipids, C18:1 n‐9 showed a significant increase (p < 0.05) and also the ratio of C18:1 n‐9/C18:0 increased (p < 0.05). In conclusion, short‐term marginal VB6 deficiency affects profiles of unsaturated FA of blood lipids in healthy men and women. Whether these changes are involved in mediating the elevated risk of vascular disease in VB6 insufficiency requires further study. Supported by NIH grant DK072398 and by NIH National Center for Research Resources (NCRR) CTSA grant 1UL1RR029890.


The P200 component has been observed in different EEG cognitive paradigms. There is a lack of evidence showing whether the presence or absence of this component exists among individual subjects performing the same experimental task, and their psychophysiological backgrounds. Based on a language experiment, subjects were tasked with detecting ambiguity in Chinese sentences. There were two groups identified among subjects. One group clearly showed the P200 effect in the fronto-temporal regions and a strong P300 effect in the midline frontal and midline parietal regions following sentence-onset, and the other group showed N200 and weaker P300. Resting-state ECGs were recorded and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory was administered before the language task. The results suggested that age, ECG very low-frequency power and the trait-anxiety score could predict the memberships of subjects in the two groups with 90% accuracy.


SUMMARY. Multivariate analysis showed that subsequent to the third year in a longitudinal study, 40 children chosen at random from traditional classrooms were superior in reading and math problem-solving, but less willing to accept responsibility for negative intellectual events, when compared with 40 children from an informal, open-space school. The groups had shown no significant differences due to type of school or sex of subject on a pre-school predictive test battery. Differences were attributable only to type of school at the fourth year. When stepwise discriminant analysis was employed with these groups only problem-solving and concepts in mathematics entered the multiple regression equation as significant predictors of group membership.


Based on language data of dialect of unlisted words, this thesis conducts a statistical data so as to explain the features of them.


COMMUNICATIONAL PROCESSES AND THEIR INCIDENCE ON LOCAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE DECENTRALIZED AUTONOMOUS RURAL GOVERNMENT OF SANTA FE DE GALAN, CANTON GUANO, PROVINCE OF CHIMBORAZO, IN THE PERIOD SEPTEMBER 2015 TO FEBRUARY 2016 "

ABSTRACT:

The current project was carried out with the goal of measuring the incidence of communicational processes in the social, economic, cultural, and management development at the Autonomous Decentralized Rural Government (GAD) of Santa Fe de Galan. In this context, it is truly important to analyze the communicational actions performed by the GAD, related to parish development. During the development of this research, a methodology of analysis and the evaluation of the tools used in the communicational process flow of the GAD, and the impact of this upon their receivers (San Fe Population) was carried out. The results of this project show certain communicational weaknesses related to factors such as: The lack of professionals in the communication field, the lack of knowledge of the authorities about the importance of communicational tools and processes, the lack of a budget for communicational issues and the access to information technologies and non-implementation of information democratization policies. Based upon the weaknesses detected after this research, it is suggested to the GAD the performance of strategies and communicational actions that enable to picture its business management to achieve the recognition of its audience, and improve its institutional image as well as the creation of a communicational plan focused on the socialization of activities, projects, and information about the institution and the parish.


In general, industries produce waste, which causes environmental pollution and is a danger to living things. Chromium heavy metal waste is one type of waste that has high toxicity that can lead to chronic poisoning, acute, and can cause cancer. Biological treatment is a choice to reduce the concentration of heavy metals in environmental media. This study uses a biosorption column that utilizes Saccharomyces cerevisiae bacteria using bacterial biomass made in a state of silence in a continuous column, then flowing Cr (VI) metal solution downflow with a constant flow rate. Laboratory analysis results show that the removal efficiency of Cr (VI) for the initial pH 3 solution is 44.74% - 77.84%, the pH 5 treatment is 7.52% - 30.54% and the pH 7 treatment is 5.80% - 11.40%. The highest removal efficiency occurred at pH 3 of 77.84%. The remaining metal concentrations in the barrel can reduce to 11.08 mg/L.


The article presents results of activities of the Administration of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-being in Magadan region and the Federal Health Organization "Center of Hygiene and Epidemiology in Magadan region" in the context of monitoring of the radiation situation in the Magadan region from 12.03.2011 in connection with the Fukushima accident in Japan. The authors present the data on radiological laboratory studies, the analysis of performed organizational activities, the results of co-operation with the state and other regulatory authorities.


The aim of this study is to investigate the strength and modulus of elasticity progress of steel fiber reinforced concrete under different temperature condition on
difference fibers volume fractions: 1) to analyze the compressive strength and modulus of elasticity of steel fiber reinforced concrete on volume fractions of 1%
fiber at three temperature levels of 200oC, 400oCand 600oC; 2) to analyze the compressive strength and modulus of elasticity of steel fiber reinforced concrete on volume fractions of 1.5% fiber at three temperature levels of 200oC, 400oC and 600oC; and 3) to analyze the comparison of the compressive strength and modulus of elasticity at concrete without fibre on the same temperature.
This study will compare the compressive strength and modulus elasticity between plain concrete and SFRC containing various volume fraction of steel fiber as reinforcement on elevated temperature heating up to 600°C is subjected to some concrete and SFRC specimen. Material test aims to find out the quality of the material before making the concrete specimen. In this study conduct kinds of test, i.e. 1) Basic Material Test; 2) Compressive Strength; and 3) Modulus of Elasticity. The data analysis was conducted after testing of a specimen by comparing and analyzing the data obtained. The tests was performed compressive test and modulus of elasticity. From the research findings can be concluded that 1) The addition of 1% and 1.5% steel fiber in concrete mix is advantageous for concrete; 2) Overall the compressive strength of concrete was increased as the percentage of steel fiber in
concrete increases. Up to 1.5% , Steel fiber reinforced concrete showed a better overall residual strength and better crack resistance than non-fiber concrete; 3) The
carbonation process for concrete with steel fiber is a little influenced by temperature compare to concrete without steel fiber; and 4) The concrete with 1.5 % steel fiber demonstrated the highest compressive and modulus of elasticity value, 23.5 and 17172 MPa at 6000C respectively. It is expected that in future concrete having steel
fiber will act as a fire protective considerably


In a real normed linear space X, properties of a non-empty closed set K are closely related to those of the distance function d which it generates. If X has a uniformly Gâteaux (uniformly Fréchet) differentiable norm, then d is Gâteaux (Fréchet) differentiable at x ∈ X/K if there exists an such that and is Géteaux (Fréchet) differentiable on X / K if there exists a set P+(K) dense in X/K where such a limit is approached uniformly for all x ∈ P+(K). When X is complete this last property implies that K is convex.


The present invention provides polynucleotides that encode the chemokine receptors 88-2B or 88C and materials and methods for the recombinant production of these two chemokine receptors. Also provided are assays utilizing the polynucleotides which facilitate the identification of ligands and modulators of the chemokine receptors. Receptor fragments, ligands, modulators, and antibodies are useful in the detection and treatment of disease states associated with the chemokine receptors such as atherosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, tumor growth suppression, asthma, viral infection, AIDS, and other inflammatory conditions.


A resident trip survey is the most basic investigation tool to understand resident trip characteristics. Because of the unique features of walking trips, they present some problems in resident trip surveys. This paper analyzes the problems of trip definition and the effects on walk trip sharing percentage. It also elaborated on several other problems that affected the data accuracy. According to these problems, the authors put forward the corresponding suggestions.


Abstract Background: Atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease, underlies the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease. The present study assessed the diagnostic possibilities of inflammatory biomarkers, serum neopterin, nitrite/nitrate (NO2–/NO3–), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and their correlation with risk factors in patients with acute coronary syndromes and stable angina pectoris. Methods: We studied 44 patients with chronic stable angina pectoris, 46 with unstable angina, 55 with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction and 39 age-matched healthy volunteers (control group). Serum neopterin, iNOS and TNF-α were determined with commercially available enzyme linked immunosorbent assay methods and NO2–/NO3– by the modified cadmium-reduction method. Results: Mean serum neopterin levels were significantly higher in patients with unstable and stable angina pectoris in comparison to control subjects (p<0.01 and p<0.05, respectively). Serum NO2–/NO3– values were significantly elevated (p<0.01) only in patients with unstable angina. ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients with cardiac death during follow-up showed significantly lower baseline neopterin values (p<0.001), and higher NO2–/NO3– levels (p<0.05) in comparison to those without adverse events. Significantly higher NO2–/NO3– values (p<0.05) were also found in patients who had myocardial reinfarction. Serum iNOS and TNF-α in all patient groups were within control ranges. A strong correlation was found between neopterin and both smoking (p<0.01) and triglycerides (p<0.05) in unstable angina patients. In stable angina patients, neopterin, iNOS and TNF-α significantly correlated with hypertension (p<0.01) and triglycerides (p<0.05). A significant difference in neopterin concentration was found between smokers and non-smokers (p<0.05). Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that in stable angina patients, if studied over time, serum neopterin or NO2–/NO3– levels may indicate future plaque instability. In ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients, neopterin and/or NO2–/NO3– levels may identify patients at long-term risk of death or recurrent acute coronary events after myocardial infarction. Clin Chem Lab Med 2008;46:1149–55.


The role of waqf in economic development is evident in how waqf instruments enable various economic activities. In Perak, Majlis Agama Islam dan Adat Melayu Perak (MAIPk) manages the development of waqf assets by acting as sole trustee in the development of waqf property in that state. This study analyzes the role of waqf in the economic development of Perak. The primary method used to obtain data was through interviews with MAIPk about the management and development of waqf projects. Secondary data was collected through various references such as books, theses and journals. The data thus collected was analyzed using thematic analysis according to the focus of the study. The study found that waqf played a role in the economic development of Perak's health, education, and the improvement of income and its community's standard of living. The outstanding development in the health sector was the construction of a waqf hemodialysis center. In the educational sector, waqf funds and instruments, contributed to the construction of the Islamic University Sultan Azlan Shah Dormitory (UISAS) and Maahad Tahfiz. Waqf also contributed to improving the income and living standards of the community in Perak through various projects such as the Wakaf Business Centre (WBC) project, waqf housing, and waqf boats to develop the economy of the community in Perak.


To make a long story short, "Experimenting with Truth" is a somewhat overwritten but wholly courageous book about God, science, and technology. It is written by a committed, avant-garde Christian, who only occasionally mentions Jesus and only obliquely defines his personal relationship to the Christ. Not that such matters are usually anyone's business. In this book, however, they are, since its author, Rustum Roy, director of the Pennsylvania State University Materials Research Laboratory, is trying to attract his scientific colleagues to a richer, more responsible sense of the Beyond "in the light of modern scientific thought." He believes science can help religion integrate its intuitional insights concerning life's meaning with the evolving facts of the physical world. And he believes religion can help scientists relate their work to humanizing, civilizing, and spiritualizing the world. He uses his book's 200 pages to explain why and how. Roy believes the modern separation of science from religion is ...


Sleep bruxism (SB) is a known parasomnia in sleep medicine reported by approximately 8% of the adult population. Sleep bruxism is characterized mainly by rhythmic masticatory muscle activity (RMMA), often associated with powerful tooth grinding. In dentistry, SB has been thought to be associated with tooth wear, dental restoration fractures, masticatory muscle and temporomandibular joint problems. Although pathophysiology of SB remains to be elucidated, recent studies have suggested that SB is a consequence of transient arousals during sleep. Several studies have reported that SB occurs concomitantly in obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) patients. In OSAHS, abnormal respiratory events are associated with arousals. However, SB episodes seem unlikely to be associated with arousals induced by abnormal respiratory events. Compared to wakefulness, oropharyngeal activities decrease during sleep; these are preserved for maintenance of upper airway patency and for protection of the upper alimentary tract. The association between SB and oropharyngeal functions remains to be studied, while several studies have suggested altered oropharyngeal sensory and motor functions in OSAHS. Among various treatment/management strategies, oral appliances are used as an effective and relatively safe option to manage patients with light to moderate OSAHS. In some OSAHS patients undergoing oral appliance therapy, however, oromandibular and intra-oral aversive effects (e.g. orofacial pain/discomfort, oral dryness) have also been reported. Currently, little data is available to clarify the causes of these aversive effects. The aim of this review is to make an overview of SB and to present its physiological and clinical relations to OSAHS.


For the stable operation of the pharmacy and the proper support of patients with diabetes, it is necessary to optimize the assortment of glucose-lowering drugs (GLD), taking into account the significant prevalence of this disease. The demand for prescription drugs is formed by doctors who choose therapy and prescribe drugs.
The purpose of this study was to determine the factors that influence of choosing GLD for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and the preferences of doctors when choosing GLD for therapy.
They used a remote questionnaire form using Google forms. 732 doctor questionnaires were processed. Statistical processing was carried out using structural, comparative and graphic analysis.
A survey of doctors established the factors that influence the prescription of drugs for the treatment of type 2 diabetes: high effectiveness and inclusion of drugs in treatment standards, their safety, and their own positive experience in prescribing drugs. It was also found that when choosing a GLD type, almost half of doctors take into account the patient's purchasing power and the presence of a GLD in the reimbursement program. The survey showed that a third of doctors prefer domestic GLD, and half of the respondents do so sometimes. When choosing foreign medical medications, doctors prefer German, French, and Swiss-made medical drugs. A significant part of doctors do not have preferences when choosing trade name (TN), but the majority of doctors who have preferences prefer TN mainly of foreign production and prolonged forms. It was found that about 10% of the responding doctors do not prescribe combined GLD. The majority of respondent doctors have preferences for combinations: metformin/glimepiride, dapagliflozin propanediol/metformin and sitagliptin/metformin. Problems have been identified at the stage of pharmacological supervision of GLD. Despite the fact that doctors noted in their practice the side effects of drugs in patients, only a fourth (22.7%) of respondents recorded these effects in accordance with the current legislation and made reports.
It is advisable to use the results of the questionnaire to improve the care of patients with diabetes and to meet their needs by optimizing the pharmacy assortment.
It is advisable to increase the list of International Nonproprietary Name of GLDs for reimbursement, which will contribute to the availability of modern treatment regimens, because the price of medicines limits the quality of modern treatment regimens for type 2 diabetes.


Introduction Seating comfort is accepted to be one of the most important properties of a passenger car in terms of customer acceptance. It can be divided into two sections: Static and dynamic seating comfort. Both static and dynamic comfort is defined by the interaction between the car seat and the occupant itself. While static comfort is mostly assessed by deriving parameters from the static pressure map between seat and occupant , dynamic comfort evaluation is based on vibrations that act on the occupant in various ways. It is commonly accepted that vertical accelerations on top of the seat cushion, i.e. between seat and occupant, have the most influence on the occupant's comfort impressions. However, even though these vertical accelerations can easily be determined by either using simulations with dynamic CAE models of the occupied seat or by performing ride tests with test subjects or vibration dummies, it continues to be difficult to derive objective measures from those accelerations, that relate to the occupant's comfort impression. Nevertheless, car developers need such objective scalar criteria to determine the overall comfort rating of a car or a seat. This paper presents existing and new methods of how to quantify comfort parameters of cars and seats, and shows how these methods can be used either in early phase development with CAE technologies or in hardware phases / for benchmarking with a vibration dummy.


The article makes sports connotation as logical starting point of sports jobs classification and builds classification model.The model include three parts: sports core jobs,sports relevant jobs and sports peripheral jobs.The article makes detailed introduction for related jobs in the classification model.


In this work, we present a simple and efficient generator of polymeric linear chains, based on a random self-avoiding walk process. The chains are generated using a discrete process of growth, in cubic networks and in a finite time, without border limits and without exploring all the configurational space. First, we thoroughly describe the chains morphology exploring the statistics of two characteristic distances, the radius of gyration and the end-to-end distance. Moreover, we examine the dependence of mean characteristic distances with the number of steps (N). Despite the simplicity of our procedure, we obtain universal critical exponents, which are in very good agreement with previous values reported in the literature. Moreover, studying the balance between the monomer-monomer interaction and the bending energy, we find that initially, the chains develop by multiple doubling, forming a cluster and increasing its energy. After reaching a given number of steps, the chains stretch and flee from the cluster, which results in a reduction of its interaction energy. However, the behaviour of the bending energy reveals that the chains follow the same folding pathway in both regimes. Additionally, we also characterize the energy of the obtained chains, combining the local interaction energy with its corresponding bending energy but in a discrete version. This analysis is relevant because it allows differentiating between chains of equal interaction energy but with different structures.


The development of technical documentation of vessels provides that the design, construction and conformity assessment is clearly understood and meets the competent requirements. This paper presents the development process of technical documentation for a small vessel, i.e. a motorboat of project category B (navigation on the high seas), whose hull length is within the range from 2.5 m to 24 m, according to the given norms. For example, the paper will present a boat intended as a polyvalent workboat in service on the Adriatic Sea, whose documentation has been prepared according to standards, i.e. the requirements of the Croatian Register of Shipping (HRN EN ISO Standards)


In this paper, we are proposing a simulated environment for autonomous vehicle driving. We have used ROS (Robot Operating System) as the platform to create the system. Apart from simulation, we are also testing autonomous driving on the Mahindra e2o electric car. Simulations designed are according to a real car. We have developed our own car model along with its geometry, control system and input sensors for our simulated test environment. A number of different algorithms have also been tested in the proposed environment.


Background/Objectives: Data mining is the process of extracting large volumes of raw data from hidden knowledge. The health care industry requires the use of data mining techniques as it generates huge and complex volumes of data. The applications of data mining techniques to medical data extract patterns which are useful for diagnosis, prognoses and treatment of diseases. This extraction of patterns allows doctors and hospitals to be more effective and more efficient. The huge volume of data is the barrier in the detection of patterns. Feature selection techniques mainly used in data preprocessing for data mining. Methods/Statistical Analysis: Classification task leads to reduction of the dimensionality of feature space, feature selection process is used for selecting large set of features. The Ant Colony Optimization based feature selection method is applied on cancer datasets. Findings: This research work proposes about feature selection mechanism based on Ant Colony Optimization. In an ACO algorithm, the activities of ants have significance for solving different combinatorial optimization problem which selects most relevant features. Through several iterations filter based method finds the optimal feature subset. Based on the similarity between features the feature relevance will be computed, that shows to the minimization of the redundancy. To validate the proposed feature selection method Support Vector Machine classification is applied. The accuracy of classification for whole feature set and the reduced feature subset are compared. The improved accuracy proves that the proposed feature selection approach has selected informative feature of the cancer datasets. Applications/Improvements: The possibilities of using PSO algorithm is applied for finding the best features in future. Other algorithms are also considered for further implementation.


: We show an elliptic curve over Q ( t ) of rank at least 9 with a non-trivial 2-torsion point.


B. BECKER AND T. GAGE (A.M.A. Arch. Ophthal.. January, 1960) present their observations on the use of demecarium bromide and eehothiophate iodide in a group of glaucoma patients not controlled by other forms of therapy. Demecarium bromide was used in 144 eyes of 76 patients and echothiophate iodide therapy was started in 155 eyes of 83 patients. Patients were treated with 0'25% solution instilled once daily and in those who failed to respond demecarium bromide was used in I % solution. Demecarium bromide 0·25% solution improved facility of outflow and lowered intraocular pressure in about 50% of eyes not previously controlled. When 1% solution was used for those which failed to respond to 0·25%, the percentage improved to 54. Echothiophate 0·25% also controlled intraocular pressure in 54% of another group. Ocular side effects were ciliary and conjunctival injection, blurring of vision, ocular and periorbital pain and headache. These symptoms rarely persisted after one week. Bilateral retinal detachment occurred in two patients. Systemic side effects were nausea, vomiting, diarrhcea, bradycardia, salivation and sweating. Failure to recognize the systemic effects of these drugs has resulted in extensive unnecessary medical and X·ray investigations.


Fire explosion danger index assessment method of Dow Chemical Company is utilized to quantitatively calculate and evaluate the fire explosion fatalness for the positive pressure crude oil stabilizer in Daqing Oil Field Natural Gas Sub-company.The evaluation processes and calculation steps of this method are introduced.The danger level and the most likely possession loss resulting from the fire explosion are calculated quantitatively.According to the actual conditions,the danger coefficient and safety compensating coefficient of each unit are defined and finally the safety evaluation result of the unit danger analysis is obtained.


We apply a new nonparametric technique to reconstruct, with uncertainties, the projected mass distribution of the inner region of Abell 2218 using combined strong and weak lensing constraints from multiple-image systems and arclets with known redshifts. The reconstructed mass map broadly resembles previous, less detailed parametric models, but when examined in detail it shows several substructures not necessarily associated with light but strongly required by the lensing data. In particular, the highest mass peak is offset by ∼30 h kpc from the main light peak, and projected mass-to-light ratio in the directions of different cluster galaxies varies by at least a factor of 10. On comparison with mass estimates from models of the X-ray emitting gas, we find that the X-ray models underpredict the enclosed mass profile by at least a factor of 2.5; the discrepancy gets worse if we assume that mass traces light to the extent allowed by the lensing constraints.


Excess sludge treatment and disposal are a great challenge to the operation and management of municipal wastewater treatment plants( WWTPs). Sludge source reduction based on the lysiscryptic growth principle by returning pretreated sludge into the aeration tank of conventional activated sludge( CAS) process is regarded as an effective method. Microwave pretreatment is a promising technology,yet there are no reports on its use in engineering-scale sludge reduction. A full scale test of sludge reduction was carried out in a CAS system coupled with microwave pretreatment for treating 300 m3/ d of wastewater. The results showed that the sludge yield was reduced from 32. 20- 54. 12 kg / d to 21. 96kg / d by combining microwave pretreatment. The sludge reduction rate was 29. 1% to 40. 9%. Significant amounts of carbon,nitrogen and phosphorus were released from the sludge pretreated by microwave,but it had little impact on the effluent quality of the CAS system.


Background In this paper, we will consider the state of the forests in 30 European countries with 175 million ha of forest, which grows 750 million m3 increment per year, and has 400 million m3 of annual fellings. The forest consists of a growing stock of 25 billion m3, and this is increasing. The demand for wood products is expected to continue to rise with 0.7 to 2% per year. This is derived from Historic fellings. The EU white paper on bioenergy may cause an extra demand increase of 164 million m3 y-1 by the year 2010! The wood products trade takes place, mainly within Europe. Europe is approximately self sufficient. (Data from COMTRADE Data, Michie, EFI).


The paper takes the designs and the implementation of the SPARQL query engine which does not rely on the concrete platform of RDF as the objects of study. The paper also has carried on the thorough discussion on the grammar parser of SPARQL,the optimized designs of the engine system and so on,and has proposed the reasonable design strategies and methods to implement them.


Changes in the lipidic metabolism are common in patients with Chronic Renal Failure (CRI), and play an important role in the high morbidity and mortality rates related to cardiovascular disease and dyslipidemia. We evaluated the lipid profile of 63 patients with renal failure divided in 3 groups: group 1 – 28 patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD); group 2 19 patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) and group 3 16 patients receiving conservative therapy (CT). Triglyceride (TG) median values in the patients undergoing HD and CAPD were higher, 151 (97-254) mg/dl and 224 (137-313) mg/dl, respectively, when compared to patients undergoing CT, 141 (79-110) mg/dl (P<0.023). In the analysis of total cholesterol (COL-T), we observed that patients either in the CAPD or the CT groups had higher mean values than patients on HD (224 ± 49 mg/dl, 227 ± 71 mg/dl and 187 ± 48 mg/dl respectively) (P<0.038). The group receiving CT had significantly lower levels of very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), 28 (22-36) mg/dl, when compared to patients undergoing HD, 39 (19-51) mg/dl, and to patients undergoing CAPD, 45 (27-63) mg/dl. Regarding low-density lipoprotein (LDL), we observed increased levels for the CAPD and CT groups (135 ± 50 mg/dl and 148 ± 64 mg/dl respectively), compared to patients on HD (106 ± 44 mg/dl) (P<0.08). High-density lipoprotein (HDL) mean values were higher than 35 mg/dl in the three groups. Apolipoprotein A (APO A) levels were similar levels among the groups: 198 ± 49 mg/dl, 221 ± 41 mg/dl and 201 ± 34 mg/dl, for the HD, CAPD and CT groups, respectively. APO B levels for the CAPD group (235 ± 48 mg/dl) and the CT group (212 ± 98 mg/dl) were higher than for HD group (168 ± 54 mg/dl) (P<0.003). LP (a) median values were 8 (3.7-19.7) mg/dl, 9 (6.5-28.6) mg/dl and 5.4 (3.2-15.8) mg/dl for the HD, CAPD and CT groups (P=0.121). Quantitative data analysis showed that patients with (CRF) on CAPD had higher tendency towards atherogenicity when compared to patients undergoing HD or CT.


A phase-reversal technique is proposed in this article to overcome the gain-aperture tradeoff of endfire antennas. Such a tradeoff fundamentally forbids simultaneous high gain and small cross-section aperture. The phase-reversal technique breaks this tradeoff and hence allows one to design a high-gain endfire antenna with a small cross-section aperture. To illustrate the proposed phase-reversal technique, a crossover stripline structure is implemented. The antenna radiates into the endfire direction within 9.5–10.5 GHz and it achieves 13 dBi endfire radiation gain with only $0.047\lambda _{0}\,\,\times \,\,0.022\lambda _{0}$ cross-section aperture size. These results successfully validate the proposed phase-reversal technique. Such a high-gain and small-aperture endfire antenna is potentially useful for microwave imaging in lossy medium.


Abstract Fluorescent Pseudomonas spp. from 62 root, leaf, and fruit samples covering 24 horticultural crops, and 8 pastoral soil samples, were tested in vitro for their ability to inhibit the growth of five pathogenic fungi—Botrytis cinerea Persoon, Fusarium oxysporum Schlechtendal f. sp. lycopersici (Saccardo) Snyder & Hansen, Phytophthora nicotianae van Breda de Haan var nicotianae, Pythium debaryanum auct. (non Hesse), and Pythium ultimum Trow. Bacterial isolates from 17, 15, 10, and 5 crops showed some degree of antagonism towards Pythium spp., B. cinerea, P. nicotianae, and F. oxysporum respectively. The isolates from the rhizosphere of beetroot, lettuce, loquat, pasture, strawberry, and the fructoplane of lemon had the greatest percentage of antifungal bacteria. There were differences between plant species in the percentage of antifungal Pseudomonas spp. isolates showing antifungal activity against Pythium ultimum (P < 0.001), P. debaryanum (P<0.01), P. nicotianae (P<0.01), and B. cinerea (P<0.05). ...


This paper discusses the National School Lunch Program (PNAE) in the municipality of Alegre, Espirito Santo State, Brazil, in order to characterize the process of buying food from family farmers to serve this market, focusing on the evolution of this process from 2013 to 2015. The sources of the data used were as follows: Calls for Submissions and the respective reports, available on the website of The City Council of Alegre; sales projects of rural associations provided by the Rural Workers' Union; and FNDE (National Fund for Education Development) documents available on their website. It was found that the compulsory minimum purchase percentage was not met in 2013 (it was 15.52%), but it amounted to 116.68% of FNDE's fund transfer in 2014. The number of farmers of Alegre participating of PNAE grew 2.8 times, from 2013 to 2015, reaching 39 farmers. There was a 54% increase in food diversity, from 22 in 2013 to 34 different foods purchased in 2015. It was concluded that the PNAE of Alegre, even in view of the challenges presented, is fulfilling its role to linking family agriculture with school lunch, helping to promote sustainable rural development while bringing food and nutrition security to children and adolescents who study in public schools. DOI: 10.12957/demetra.2017.26701


This paper investigates the syncretism found in subject agreement, adjective agreement and object agreement in Kitharaka, an SVO Bantu language spoken in Kenya. Syncretism refers to the similarity in form of different morphological forms of a word. Adopting approaches that argue for late lexical insertion (McCawley, 1968; Halle & Marantz, 1993; Harley & Noyer, 1999), the paper argues that syncretism occurs because the same lexical item, stored in the lexicon as a syntactic tree can be inserted to realize structures of varying sizes in the syntax under the superset principle (Starke Class Lectures; Caha 2007). Nano-syntax is an approach to the study of Syntax developed by Michal Starke. It assumes that terminal nodes are more fine-grained; with many small (nano) features arranged hierarchically in a synctactic tree. This approach has the consequence that lexical items do not spell out a terminal node; but a complex bundle of features, even a phrase,


The Cannonball Model is based on the hypothesis that GRBs and their afterglows are made in super-nova explosions by relativistic ejecta similar to the ones observed in quasars and microquasars. Its predictions are simple, and analytical in fair approximations. The model describes well the properties of the γ-rays of GRBs. It gives a very simple and extremely successful description of the optical and X-ray after-glows of all GRBs of known redshift. The only problem the model has, so far, is that it is contrary to


Four cases of clay shoveler's fracture are reported involving the spinous processes: 2 of C-7; 1 of C-6; and 1 of both C-7 and T-1.A "double" spinous process shadow was consistently demonstrated in the anteroposterior view. This is a helpful diagnostic sign.


Psychology's early allegiance to behaviorism and experimental methods led many to disparage personality approaches throughout much of last century. Doubts about personality psychology's viability culminated in Mischel's assertion that measures of personality account for modest amounts of variance in behavior. In the years immediately following this critique, interest in personality research waned and many psychology departments dropped their training programs in personality. Throughout the past two decades, however, personality psychology has enjoyed a resurgence. The authors discuss several possible explanations for personality's comeback and then describe the emergence of a promising symbiosis between personality psychology and its sister discipline, social psychology. The article concludes by noting that although this emerging symbiosis is likely to continue bearing considerable theoretical fruit, the traditional distinction between personal, situational, and interactional determinants of behavior continues to be useful within appropriate contexts.


AbstractConvective available potential energy (CAPE) is one of the physical quantities used by operational meteorologists when issuing severe-weather convective watches and warnings. Recent advances in satellite technology could provide timely observations of atmospheric temperature and water vapor profiles over the continental United States, but only limited validation exists in the literature to characterize uncertainties in CAPE derived from the new satellite sensors. In this study, 10 years of Vaisala, Inc., RS92 radiosonde observations from the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Southern Great Plains (SGP) site were matched to overpasses of the NASA Aqua satellite that were made from January 2005 through December 2014. Vertical profiles of temperature and water vapor from the NASA Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) were extracted in a region surrounding the DOE ARM SGP central facility near Lamont, Oklahoma. Surface-based CAPE was computed using software consiste...


The research reported in this paper develops a typology of American metropolitan juvenile courts through factor analysis of 96 court characteristics and a cluster analysis of courts based on indicators of five derived factors representative of structural dimensions. The data were collected through a mail and telephone survey of court personnel in a saturated sample of 150 metropolitan juvenile courts. The empirical typology is presented and its implications for future comparative studies and studies testing differential processing are discussed.


This paper presents a novel hybrid machining process (HMP) called abrasive mixed electro discharge diamond grinding (AMEDDG) in which abrasive powder is mixed in dielectric fluid to perform electro discharge diamond grinding (EDDG) action on a workpiece. In-house-fabricated AMEDDG setup was used to experimentally evaluate the performance of the process during the machining of Nimonic 80A. The effects of wheel speed, powder concentration, current, and pulse-on-time (POT) were investigated on the material removal rate (MRR). The surface morphological properties of the machined workpiece were investigated based on some quality surface indicators. The experimental results show that MRR of the workpiece was influenced by wheel speed, current, and powder concentration, and optimum MRR can be achieved at a wheel speed of 1400 RPM, a powder concentration of 4 g/L, a current of 10 A, and a POT of 26 µs.


Robust parameter design (RPD) can be implemented in systems in which a user, through the setting of the levels of controllable factors, seeks to minimise the variability of a system response influenced by uncontrollable factors while obtaining a consistent and reliable system response over time. RPD is conducted under the assumption that the relationship between the system response and controllable and uncontrollable variables does not change over time. Since performance degradation in real-world systems will almost certainly occur; this assumption will inevitably be violated. We propose a methodology to find new levels of controllable factor settings that will be robust to moderate system degradation while remaining robust to noise variables within the system. A gradient-search algorithm is presented for this enhanced RPD analysis utilising quadratic regression.


Partizan End Nim is a game played by two players called Left and Right. Initially there are n stacks of boxes in a row, each stack containing at least one box. Players take turns reducing the number of boxes from the stack on their respective side (Left removes from the leftmost stack, while Right removes from the rightmost stack). For example, the position 3 | 5 | 2 (or, denoted more tersely, 352) has three boxes in its leftmost pile, five boxes in the middle pile, and two boxes in the rightmost pile. When the game starts, Left can only remove boxes from the pile of size three, and Right can only remove boxes from the pile of size two. The first player that cannot move loses. This particular position should be a win for the first player (whether that be Left or Right). The first player should remove a whole pile, for the stack of size 5 dominates the remaining stack. Notice that if one player has a legal move from a position, the other player can also legally move, making the game all small, as define in [3, p.101] and [2, p.221]. In our version of Partizan End Nim, piles are not limited to finite size. A move in Partizan End Nim requires the player to change the size of the closest pile to a smaller ordinal number (possibly 0). For instance, a move from a pile of size ω, the smallest non-finite ordinal, consists of changing the size of that pile to some finite ordinal height. A player can move a pile of size ω + 1 to any natural number or to a pile of size ω. For an example of a position with ordinal pile sizes, the reader can confirm that Left can win from the three pile position (ω+ω+1) | (ω+ω) | (ω+1) whether she moves first or second. Moving first, Left can remove the leftmost pile since the middle pile is larger than the rightmost pile. The strategy that Left uses when playing second depends on Right's move. If Right takes the whole rightmost pile, then Left's winning move is to remove one box from the leftmost pile. On the other hand, if Right changes the size of the rightmost pile to either ω or some natural number, then the winning move for Left is to remove the entire leftmost pile. The results and proofs presented here parallel and tighten those found in [1] by allowing for ordinal pile sizes. We give an efficient recursive method to compute the outcome of (and winning moves from) any position. The reader who is not fond of ordinal numbers can safely skip the following section and assume all pile sizes are finite.


Attempts to disrupt the flow of funds through Africa used to finance terrorism have been hindered by terrorists utilizing satellite telecommunications in conjunction with hawala, an ancient system of fund transfers based on trust. This arrangement leaves few records for tracing transactions, a task made even more difficult by the general paucity of investigators trained in the languages commonly used for hawala. Acquiring personnel with the appropriate linguistic skills is one of the steps agencies can take to reduce the terrorist financing that occurs through this unique blend of an ancient system with modern technology.


Author(s): Gotti, Felix | Advisor(s): Williams, Lauren K | Abstract: This thesis is a compendium of three studies on which matroids and convex geometry play a central role and show their connections to Catalan combinatorics, tiling theory, and factorization theory. First, we study positroids in connection with rational Dyck paths. Then, we study certain matroids on the lattice points of a regular triangle in connection with lozenge tilings. Finally, we explore the connection between the atomic structure of submonoids of (N^d,+) and the geometric properties of the cones they generate.Positroids, first studied by Postnikov in 2006, are matroids that parameterize the cells of the totally nonnegative part of a Grassmannian variety. The first part of this thesis concerns with the study of a family of positroids that can be parameterized by (rational) Dyck paths. We call such positroids (rational) Dyck positroids. Using work of Reed and Skandera, we show that Dyck positroids on the ground set [2n] are in natural bijection with unit interval orders of size n. We also offer recipes to read the decorated permutation of a Dyck positroid directly from either the antiadjacency matrix representation or the interval representation of the corresponding unit interval order. Finally, for the family of rational Dyck positroids, we provide combinatorial descriptions for some of the most relevant combinatorial objects that are in bijection with positroids.The second part of this thesis pertains to the study of certain class of matroids which naturally appear in the set of one-dimensional intersections of complete complex flag arrangements. More specifically, these matroids encode the dependency relations among the lines of such flag arrangements. The bases of such matroids can be thought of as certain n-subsets of lattice points of a regular n-simplex. For dimension 2, we provide various cryptomorphic characterizations of these matroids in connection with lozenge tilings of a regular triangle. We also study the connectivity of members of this family of matroids in any dimension.Finitely generated submonoids of (N^d,+), also known as affine monoids, are crucial in the study of combinatorial commutative algebra and, in particular, toric geometry. Let C denote the class consisting of all submonoids of (N^d,+) (not necessarily finitely generated). The last part of this thesis is devoted to explore how atomic properties of a monoid M in C (and the monoid algebras M induces) are connected with the geometry of its conic hull cone(M) and with the combinatorial structure of the face lattice of cone(M). For monoids in C, we investigate two of the most important arithmetic invariants in factorization theory: the system of sets of lengths and the elasticity. We conclude this thesis studying the atomicity of monoid algebras, including the algebras induced by monoids in C. We shall provide a partial answer to a fundamental question about the atomicity of monoid algebras that Robert Gilmer asked back in the 1980's.


The C-terminal domain (CTD) of RNA polymerase II (RNAP II) is essential for the assembly of RNAP II into preinitiation complexes on some promoters such as the dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) promoter. In addition, during the transition from a preinitiation complex to a stable elongation complex, the CTD becomes heavily phosphorylated. In this report, interactions involving the CTD have been examined by protein-protein cross-linking. As a prelude to the study of CTD interactions, the effect of recombinant CTD on in vitro transcription was examined. The presence of recombinant CTD inhibits in vitro transcription from both the DHFR and adenovirus 2 major late promoters, suggesting that the CTD is involved in essential interactions with a general transcription factor(s). Factors in the transcription extract that interact with the CTD were identified by protein-protein cross-linking. Recombinant CTD was phosphorylated at its casein kinase II site, at the C terminus of the CTD, in the presence of [S]adenosine 5′-O-(thiotriphosphate) and alkylated with azidophenacyl bromide. Incubation of azido-modified S-labeled CTD with a HeLa transcription extract followed by ultraviolet irradiation results in the covalent cross-linking of the CTD to proteins in contact with the CTD at the time of irradiation. Subsequent incubation with phenylmercuric acetate results in the transfer of S from the CTD to the protein to which it was cross-linked. The two major photolabeled bands have a M of 34,000 and 74,000. The specificity of CTD interactions was demonstrated by a reduction in photolabeling in the presence of unmodified CTD or RNAP II containing an intact CTD (RNAP IIA) but not in the presence of a CTD-less RNAP II (RNAP IIB). The S-labeled 34- and 74-kDa proteins comigrate on SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with the β subunit of transcription factor IIE and the 74-kDa subunit of transcription factor IIF, respectively. Moreover, some of the minor S-labeled bands comigrate with other subunits of the general transcription factors.


Background: Organizations need to pay attention to aspects of job satisfaction of their members to achieve goals. In 2011, PLK UNAIR surveyed the satisfaction work which is the goal of satisfaction work is 80%. However, the target has not been achieved. The job satisfaction can be affected by several factors one of them is the culture within the organization. Aims: The study analyzed the influence of culture intensity towards job satisfaction of PLK UNAIR's employees. Methods: This research was conducted in November 2011 - June 2012 with a cross-sectional research design.. The sample of the study used the population total technique. The independent variable of the research was the intensity of organizational cultures. However, the dependent variable was job satisfaction. The influence analysis of culture intensity towards job satisfaction by descriptive analysis used cross-tabulation. Result: The highest of the strong organizational culture is the organizational culture aspect of cooperation that is 73.9%. Job satisfaction aspects felt by the employees are job and co-worker aspect that reaches 78.3%. The strongest aspect which affects job satisfaction the most is trust that reaches 83.3%. However, it can be said that the organizational culture affects job satisfaction which reaches 92.3%. Conclusion: The conclusion of the research is that the organizational culture intensity is a factor that affects the job satisfaction of the employees of PLK UNAIR. The recommendation for the organization is to improve the organizational culture aspect of togetherness. Key words : Intensity of organizational culture, Job satisfaction, Organization.


FIELD: information technology. SUBSTANCE: invention discloses systems and methodologies which facilitate creating antenna ports which correspond to two or more groups of user equipment (UE). The present invention can organise two or more groups of user equipment and signal to each of the two or more groups a respective antenna port. The invention can further transmit mapping information, a reference signal or delay related to a linear combination in order to identify antenna ports. Based on such transmitted information, the reference signal can be decoded in order to identify each antenna port. EFFECT: high performance by sending the signal multiple times to different transmitting antennae. 84 cl, 11 dwg


While DNA sequencing technology is advancing at an unprecedented rate, sample preparation technology still relies primarily on manual bench-top processes, which often can be slow, labor-intensive, inefficient, or inconsistent. To address these disadvantages, we developed an integrated microfluidic platform for automated preparation of DNA libraries for next generation sequencing. This sample-to-answer system has great potential for rapid characterization of novel and emerging pathogens from clinical samples.


Lanthanum trifluoromethanesulfonate‐catalyzed solvent‐free per‐O‐acetylation with stoichiometric acetic anhydride proceeds in high yield (95%–99%) to afford exclusively pyranose products as anomeric mixtures. Subsequent anomeric substitution employing borontrifluoride etherate and thiols or alcohols furnished the corresponding 1,2‐trans‐linked thioglycosides and O‐glycosides, respectively, in good to excellent overall yield (75%–85%). Alternatively, reaction of free sugars in neat alcohol employing the same catalyst at elevated temperature gives the corresponding 1,2‐cis‐linked O‐glycosides (along with 1,2‐trans‐linked glycosides as minor product) in good yield (73%–80%). Anomeric mixtures of compounds thus produced were characterized as their per‐O‐acetylated derivatives.


OBJECTIVES
To study the effect of the interruption of reverse transriptase inhibitor (RTI) therapy or a switch from RTI to protease inhibitors, on the genotypic drug-resistance pattern of plasma HIV-1.

METHODS
Nine patients who completely stopped all medication, and five patients who switched from a treatment with RTI to a regimen containing protease inhibitors only, were studied. Direct sequencing of the plasma HIV-1 RT and protease gene was performed on follow-up samples taken before and after the interruption of treatment.

RESULTS
Comparison of the amino acid sequence of the RT and protease genes in successive samples showed the rapid reappearance of wild-type viral variants in 12 of the 14 patients studied. Wild-type virus replaced the mutant strains 14 days to 2 months after the interruption of therapy, even in patients with a long treatment history.

CONCLUSION
The results of this study indicate the sustained lower fitness of mutant strains in vivo. As a result, wild-type virus remains capable of outcompeting the RT or protease mutant strains very fast after removal of the drug. These findings highlight the importance of 'treatment history' in addition to genotypic and phenotypic markers determined at one time-point, when making therapeutic decisions for patients.


Image dataset plays an essential role in training the computer vision models. Compared with realistic datasets that are expensive to label and inflexible in number and scene, virtual datasets gradually show advantages and begin to act as a supplement in the training and validation of computer vision models. In this paper, we propose a pipeline for constructing artificial traffic scenes and generating virtual datasets based on an automatic driving simulation software from the perspective of parallel vision. Firstly, map data and simulation modeling elements like buildings are used to model the 3D artificial scene built upon a real environment. Furthermore, we use those artificial transportation scenes to automatically generate a large-scale and diverse dataset with the ground-truth label, which can provide service for computer vision tasks such as object detection and semantic segmentation. The environmental conditions and sensor properties in artificial scenes can be controlled flexibly and repeatedly. Finally, we show the detail and performance of creating virtual artificial scenes and generating the virtual dataset with low modeling time and highly accurate labeling, which does not depend on manual labeling and achieves a diverse dataset automatically and conveniently.


The invention relates to combinations of A) oxazolidinones of formula (I) and B) other active ingredients, to a method for producing said combinations and to the use thereof as medicaments, in particular for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of thrombo-embolic diseases.


Methods of design and operation of a parallel planar robotic assembly have been demonstrated in this work. Modules of the assembly with two degrees of freedom have been designed on a two-point, two-velocity and three point-position bases. Ways of actuating and controlling the motion of the assembly have been shown. Efficiency and effectiveness of the approaches have been illustrated numerically.


Objective To evaluate the methods and effect of comprehensive training for rescue skills module in nurses from elderly cadre ward. Methods Seven warning programs of rapid response were formulated as a group training mode. The examination achievements of knowledge,operating skills,and situation simulated exams before and after training,and results of situation simulated examinations among nurses with different characteristic after training were compared. The evaluations of training effects through questionnaire by nurses were carried out. The ratio of satisfaction of doctors towards nurses about coordination in emergence rescue before and after training was compared as well. Results Scores of nursing knowledge,skills and situation simulated exams are improved after training( P 0. 05). The difference of examination achievements among different working lifetime groups and training frequency groups has a statistical significance( P 0. 05). The nurses having questionnaires consider the clinic thinking ability has been improved after training( 92. 5%). The ratio of satisfaction of doctors has been improved( P 0. 05). Conclusion The situation simulated training with cases in modularization has improved clinic emergence rescue ability of nurses in elderly cadre ward.


In order to realize intelligent agricultural environment information collection system with long distance and low power consumption, an information collection system based on LoRa communication was designed in this paper. The SX1278 chip was used as communication module to send and receive data; Communication protocols were designed between sensor nodes and central nodes; sensor nodes take the form of contention-based in the random access time to join LoRa wireless network; The way of time-division multiplexing was applied to send data packets simultaneously for sensor nodes. The system has completed the design of hardware and software, and achieved data collection. By testing, the system runs well, meets application requirements and has full practicability.


The purpose of this paper is to examine the influence of gender‐specific peer groups on students' intentions and realisations to stay on into post‐compulsory education at the age of 16. This is an important area for research as one of the UK government's aims is to achieve a 50% staying on rate in higher education at the age of 16. However, this might not be achievable because it is demand‐constrained: not all students want to stay on in education at 16. Peer groups are known to affect demand decision‐making and such affects are also known to be stronger for boys than for girls. Here we explicitly model the demand for post‐compulsory education as a function of peer groups. Our results suggest (1) boys' intentions and realisations are influenced mainly by their male peers, and (2) girls' intentions are influenced by their whole peer group while their female peer group influences their realisations. Policy targeted to increase participation rates should recognise these gender differences.