Heterosigma akashiwo (Had a) Hada ex Y. Hara et Chihara is a common raphidophycean flagellate, frequently present in coastal marine waters, and occasionally causing problems in fish farming. The story of this species is a study in confusion and suppositions. Often known as Olisthodiscus luteus N. Car ter, it has been assigned to different classes through the years and, as demonstrated by Hara & Chihara (1987), it has ap parently been misidentified most of the time. Hulburt (1965) was probably the first to describe Hetero sigma akashiwo (as Olisthodiscus carterae Hulburt), and he was surely one of the first to compare it with Olisthodiscus luteus and recognize it as a different taxon. He also provided adequate illustrations and a Latin diagnosis as well as a de scription. Hada (1967) described a similar organism two years later as Entomosigma akashiwo Hada with illustrations (showing a flagellar groove) and a relevant description in English (as it was described as a protozoan). The following year he de scribed a new genus Heterosigma Hada (1968) and made the new combination Heterosigma akashiwo (Hada) Hada. This taxon was later given an emended description based on light and electron microscopical studies of the type culture by Hara & Chihara (1987). Based on Hulburt's (1965) description of Olisthodiscus car terae, Taylor (1992) made the new combination Heterosigma carte rae (Hulburt) F.J.R. Taylor, considered to be synonymous with Heterosigma akashiwo (Had a) Hada ex Y. Hara et Chi hara (1987), and with priority over this due to Hulburt's (1965) description predating that of Hada (1967). However, this is not the whole story, as the nomenclature rule (International Code of Botanical Nomenclature-ICBN) referred to by Taylor (1992, p. 210) states that 'the name of a new taxon of the rank of genus or below is valid only when the holotype of the name is indicated' (Art. 37.1, Greuter 1988, 1994). This condition is not fulfilled for any of the original descriptions, but Hara & Chihara (1987) designated a holotype for Heterosigma akashiwo (and provided a Latin diagnosis as they regarded it as an algal taxon), and thus this is the first name to have a valid publication.


With the publication in 2020 of the fifth edition of the Society of Indexers' training course, the current Training Director traces the development of training in the Society of Indexers (SI) since its foundation in 1957. From lectures held in London, through a paper-based course relying on the postal service, to a modern online course using digital technology to deliver a more immediate and personalized experience, indexing training has been through many transformations. Throughout, an emphasis on rigour and the maintenance of standards has been paramount.


A general middle complexity model of electromagnetic devices is applied to a cage induction motor. Such modelling approach has been simplified and adapted in order to pursue a fair representation of the electrical machine. Particular attention was given to the rotor cage, proposing a simplified representation exploiting the symmetry of the cage itself. A comparative analysis vs the results provided by a finite element model is also presented for validation purposes aiming to assess the accuracy of the proposed method.


This study was conducted to determine some minerals and vitamins contained in the locust bean pulp and possible effects of this feed ingredients on the response and egg quality parameters of laying hen. Results obtained from the mineral and vitamin analysis in this study revealed that the Calcium (Ca) content in the locust bean pulp was 221.77mg/l while phosphorus was 31.40mg/l, Beta carotenoid (Vitamin A) content in locust bean pulp was 10.46mg/l while that of Vitamin C was 5.42mg/l.  43 weeks old Zartech Brown hens to evaluate the effects of graded levels of locust bean pulp (LBP) on the egg quality parameters. 270 birds were randomly allotted to five dietary treatments of 54 birds and three replicate of 18 birds each in a completely randomized design. The LBP was included at 0%, 7.5%, 15%, 22.5% and 30% for treatment 1,2,3,4 and 5 respectively. Two freshly laid eggs were randomly selected per replicate for the egg quality assessment.Parameters such as egg weight, shell weight, shell thickness, yolk colour, albumen height and diameters were measured. Contrast analysis showed a significant (P <0.05) quadratic effect of the LBP on the final weight and daily feed intake of the birds across the dietary levels. The result showed a significant (P<0.05) increased in the egg weight and yolk colour as the level of LBP increased in the diets of the hens. It was therefore concluded that the LBP can be used to enhance better yolk colour when included in the diets of laying hens.


The normal hepatic sinusoid consists of a fenestrated endothelial capillary, behind which, and adjacent to the border of the hepatic pallisade, is the space of Disse. This term is in some respects a misnomer, for within it are the hepatic lipocytes (fat storing or Ito cells) and a specialised basement membrane-like matrix, which consists predominantly of type IV collagen, laminin, and proteoglycans. Extracellular matrix is an integral part of multicellular organisms, providing structural integrity and support to cells. Current evidence indicates that matrix is not merely a simple scaffolding but a dynamic modulator of cell phenotype and behaviour. There is now evidence that the basement membrane-like matrix of the liver can change the phenotypic characteristics and growth of lipocytes, endothelial cells, and hepatocytes.4 Recent developments in matrix biochemistry and cell biology have offered a fascinating insight into the complex interaction of hepatocytes and their surrounding matrix in both health and disease. The importance of extracellular matrix was first appreciated in hepatocyte culture studies.


Abstract— Oriented wet DNA‐proflavine complexes were illuminated with visible light, Λ > 395 nm, at 77 K, in the presence or absence of oxygen. The electron paramagnetic resonance spectra at 77 K and low microwave power (3 μ W) indicated formation of anionic free radicals in thymine and cationic free radicals, probably in guanine, identical to those induced by y rays at 77 K in similar samples of pure DNA.


Digital games have the potential to create active and engaging learning environments, supporting problem-solving, and learning through practice. As educators struggle to motivate the learners in th ...


There has Es layer clutter in the high frequency surface wave radar, and Es layer clutter have the difference arrival direction and polarized characters with the signal. Used these characters, vertically polarized antenna or horizontally polarized antenna can be added as auxiliary antenna in the high frequency surface wave radar system that uses vertically polarized antennas to suppress the Es layer clutter. The clutter-to-signal ratio in the outputs of the auxiliary antenna will affect the cancellation of the Es layer clutter in the main antennas. An antenna array consists of four vertically polarized dipoles and an antenna array consists of three horizontally polarized antennas are proposed in this paper. Used the superdirective synthetically method, the mainlobe of the auxiliary antenna arrays are put on the direction of the Es layer clutter arrival direction, and a low sidelobe are put on the direction of the signal arrival direction. Then the auxiliary antenna arrays will have a big gain on Es layer clutter and a little gain on signal. So the cancellation of the Es layer clutter in the main antennas which use the auxiliary antenna arrays will be more effective.


Culture is an important aspect of human civilization. Preserving and giving value to the cultural heritage of a region can pave the way for local as well as regional development. This includes tangible, intangible and the natural heritage of cities. It is necessary to develop a cultural infrastructure plan along with other aspects such as transportation, built, green and grey in frastructure. Cultural infrastructure refers to places where culture is experienced, participated in or showcased in. This includes the existing cultural heritage of a place as well as the planning of spaces for cultural stimulation and involvement. With the advent of fourth industrial revolution smart cities are gradually becoming the way of life across the world. The Smart City uses Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and Internet of Things (IoT) to effectively manage transportation, water services, waste disposal, energy and other community services. In this scenario it becomes imperative to have strategic infrastructure planning. Indian Government has recently launched the Smart City Mission in India and several smart city projects are underway across the country. It becomes necessar y in this context that Indian cities with their rich tradition and cultural heritage do not lose their unique identity in this process of transformation into smart cities. Even as smart city projects stress the need for heritage preservation there is a lot of ambiguity in how they can be integrated and used to advance urban intelligence. The technologies of the smart city have considerable potential to be used for the management and enhancement its cultural heritage and can help in the creation of a cultural infrastructure plan. This paper will examine the significance of cultural infrastructure in future cities and how it can be integrated into the city planning process of Indian cities through the study of relevant case studies from around the world.


In a material world, of crisis, significantly of values, with educational patterns based on superficiality and consumerism and as in materials in obsolescence, where a product, good or service is rapidly substituted even if it is in a good state of use, urge a reflexion about the adequate therapeutic model to the here and now, although of inevitable frustration accumulation by the individual who became a repository of repressions, of this evolution, transformation and substitution fast world, as an increasing target of evaluations and judgments, discriminations, several requirements, both in terms of personal, and professional talents, for what he didn't been prepared or their competences been trained. In this sense, we propose a technique that we just dare to draw, of alliance between Psychology and Art. We named the technique as CathArtesis due to the revised Psychoanalysis knowledge association, mainly the catharsis concept, sublimation as resilience's attribute and/or source, and due to its curiosity about Art, Art Creation and Artists.


Malaria transmission in northern Zambia has increased in the past decade despite malaria control activities. Evidence-based intervention strategies are needed to effectively reduce malaria transmission. Zambia's National Malaria Control Centre conducted targeted indoor residual spraying (IRS) in Nchelenge District, Luapula Province from 2014-2016 using the organophosphate insecticide pirimiphos-methyl. An evaluation of the IRS campaign was conducted by the Southern Africa International Centers of Excellence for Malaria Research using actively detected malaria cases in bimonthly household surveys from April 2012 to July 2017. Changes in parasite prevalence before vs. after IRS were assessed by season using Poisson regression models with robust standard errors, controlling for clustering of participants in households and demographic, geographic, and climatological covariates. In targeted areas, parasite prevalence declined approximately 25% during the rainy season following IRS with pirimiphos-methyl but did not decline during the dry season or in the overall study area. Within targeted areas, parasite prevalence declined in unsprayed households, suggesting both direct and indirect effects of IRS. The moderate decrease in parasite prevalence within sprayed areas indicates that IRS with pirimiphos-methyl is an effective malaria control measure, but a more comprehensive package of interventions is needed to effectively reduce the malaria burden in this setting.


Non-scientific information (local knowledge) in increasingly utilized together with more typical scientific data to understand the abundance dynamics and stock structure, migration patterns and species behavior variability in fish stock regimes. This thesis investigates local perceived changes in spatial and abundance trends of fish species over the study period 1992-2012, and the sensitivity and adaptability of the fisheries sector of the Westfjords of Iceland concerning these changes. Twenty-two qualitative, semi-directive interviews were completed with fishers and individuals working in the Westfjords' fish processing and selling industry. Data of the annual groundfish survey of the Icelandic Marine Research Institute was used to compare perceived changes of the five most frequently cited species by individual interviewees to spatial and abundance trends obtained from the scientific data. The investigation indicates that interviewed individuals working in the fishing industry possessed detailed local knowledge regarding fish species occurrence in the Westfjords on a fine geographical scale. Five out of nine perceived changes seemed generally consistent with the findings of the scientific data; four perceptions at a minimal or marginal level and one perception at a high level. Changes in national fishery regulations and local social conditions were perceived to be of a bigger threat to the fishing industry than changes in the environment. Possible adaptation strategies included an increased focus to niche products, investment in knowledge and gear in order to adapt to potential new commercial species and a shift to different fishing grounds. This studies shows that local knowledge is highly complex: data is not standardized in spatial or temporal terms. However, data gathered by interviewing individuals working in the fishing industry combined with scientific data can contribute to the detection of shortterm changes and increase the potential for more accepted stock assessments and decision making.


As widespread adoption of the electronic health record (EHR) takes place in US medical practice, many health care experts have emphasized the promising capabilities of the EHR to foster patient activation, which is a characteristic of patients who view themselves as active collaborators in their own health care management.1 The use of EHRs has the potential to facilitate patient-physician communication via electronic messaging. It can also facilitate patient access to personal records, test results, health education tools, and tools for tracking and assessing the progress of chronic disease management. In addition to these features, new possibilities have arisen from innovative studies that enabled patients to read their physician notes online after the clinical encounter. After reviewing their visit notes, patients reported feeling more in control of their care.2

Yet the presence of a computer in the examination room and the pressure to document the visit in the EHR are often perceived as adversely affecting the patient-physician interaction.3,4 How can the EHR instead have a positive effect on this interaction and promote patient activation during the course of the outpatient visit? When clinicians invite patients to view the computer screen and parts of their electronic chart, it not only avoids uncomfortable periods of idle silence that sometimes accompany EHR-related tasks, but it may enhance the relational aspect of patient-physician communication in a way that fosters patient activation in real time.

Although some emphasis has been placed on the role of the EHR and patient activation outside of the examination room, very few studies have examined the link between EHR-enhanced communication during the clinical encounter and the enhanced relational quality of the patient-physician relationship.3 When physicians miss the opportunity to take advantage of this untapped potential, the relational interaction is likely reduced. A video ethnographic study by Ventres and colleagues4 revealed that the majority of observed physicians settled into a workflow pattern of greeting a patient briefly and then walking directly to the computer, where they spent a few moments completing EHR-related tasks before reengaging the patient. Without directly intending to do so, a large number of clinicians in that study had developed patterns of EHR use that seemed to engender patient detachment rather than active involvement.

One consistent theme that has emerged from early empirical studies on the styles of EHR use is that most physicians are comfortable with electronic charting as a means of organizing data and reviewing results.3,4 Recent behavioral studies have revealed a strong positive association between physicians gazing at the EHR screen and patients following the physician's gaze toward the screen. While this natural tendency could serve as an opportunity for collaborative information sharing, physicians generally reacted to patient screen-gazing by looking away from the screen more than 75% of the time.5 In place of nonverbal cues that tend to discourage patient screen-gazing, efforts to purposely facilitate patient EHR-gazing may enhance real-time communication as patients and physicians view the computer screen together.

Introducing the EHR with a verbal explanation and patient-centered body language, by positioning the screen as a bridge rather than a divider, could enhance the relationship and jumpstart the process of activation. Dialogue is an important component of this process: "If you don't mind, I am going to be typing as you speak. I'm happy to show you what I'm writing"; "I'm going to look up your test results, would you like to look at them together?"; "Let's look at the trends in your blood pressure readings"; "Now that we've seen how you're doing, let's talk about how you can continue to improve …." These verbal and nonverbal cues could potentiate collaboration by facilitating a joint assessment of the patient's current health status and highlighting opportunities for active patient involvement.

Self-motivated and empowered patients are likely to regard the invitation to view their electronic chart as an act of transparency that enhances the collaborative nature of the patient-physician relationship. These patients may already be engaging in positive health behaviors, and their level of activation is likely to remain high.

Clinicians can use the EHR as a tool to invite more passive patients into a participatory model of care by encouraging them to review their laboratory results, visualize their chronic disease trends, share in the decision-making process, and see what is documented in the plan of care. Even in the absence of chronic disease, strategies for activation can readily include accessing web-based information, comparing the prices of prescription or generic medications, printing self-help information about stress coping in the setting of new or continuing life stressors, or printing bilingual health information during the clinical encounter.

This approach certainly has limitations, for clinicians may find it difficult to document sensitive patient issues candidly. Caution may be necessary when choosing how to document socially stigmatizing health conditions such as weight-related or mental health disorders in the written record. A recent study revealed that approximately 1 of 5 patients would avoid future appointments in response to a clinician using the term morbidly obese rather than more desirable terms such as unhealthy weight or overweight.6 Sharing the EHR screen has the potential to distress rather than motivate patients if they witness clinicians transcribing medical language that they perceive as judgmental. Yet this concern extends beyond interactions in the examination room because patients may request their medical records after the visit. It will become increasingly important for clinicians to develop the necessary writing skills and sensitivity to patient perceptions to document appearance, emotional state, symptoms, substance abuse, incomplete adherence to medical regimens, and other sensitive issues in a nonjudgmental way that patients may read at any time. On the other hand, some types of documentation such as psychotherapy notes may remain outside the scope of this approach to EHR collaboration.7

Furthermore, time pressures may limit patient participation in electronic chart review. In a busy office practice, clinicians lacking computer skills and familiarity with EHR software may struggle to display the medical record in light of other time-consuming tasks. Screen sharing with patients will therefore be most feasible for clinicians with strong computer navigation and typing skills. Even for those who have developed this technical skill set, apprehensions about the time required to answer patients' questions about their records may still concern many physicians. Indeed, 21% of the participating clinicians in a recent study allowing patients to access and ask questions about their electronic clinic notes reported spending more time writing notes.2 Presumably, this extra time may be the result of extensive efforts to avoid complex medical jargon that may be incomprehensible for patients. Although additional minutes may be necessary to replace shorthand abbreviations, spending the initial time writing within a patient's view may save time explaining the plan of care later.

Ultimately, patient-physician communication lies at the heart of patient-centered care. Interventions that improve face-to-face communication during the clinical encounter are likely to have an effect on patient activation, with corresponding improvements in behaviors and health outcomes. Using the EHR as a relational tool is a strategy for improving individual and population-based health outcomes, for various studies have shown that interventions aimed at increasing patient activation have led to significant improvements in the management of chronic disease, mental illness, and other health-related behaviors or conditions.1,8 The health care community may find the EHR to be an untapped means of encouraging patient-physician collaboration and for enhancing patient activation during the clinic visit. Future empirical studies are needed to explore the potential benefits of this expanded use of the EHR on quantitative measures of patient activation.


A crucial point with respect to alternative handling of grey wastewater is the risk related to the presence of different types of pollutants including xenobiotic organic compounds (XOC's). Low and variable efficiency in the treatment could be the result when biological methods are used in the treatment steps before reuse for e.g. toilet flushing. Contamination of soil and receiving waters will be of importance when grey wastewater is either used for irrigation or infiltrated. It is necessary to know which compounds and concentration ranges that are common in order to be able to evaluate the risk related to alternative handling of grey wastewater. In this work, grey wastewater from bathrooms was analysed with respect to XOCs, both qualitatively and quantitatively. The qualitative analyses positively identified 180 different XOC's where the dominating compounds were long chained fatty acids and esters. The quantitative analyses included 99 different compounds and summary parameters. Among them were e.g. anionic detergents (up to 125 μg/l), cationic detergents (up to 2100 μg/l), di (ethylhexyl)-phthalate (up 39 μg/l) and 2,4and 2,5-dichlorphenol (up to 0.13 μg/l). A number of the compounds identified may present a risk to the environment if the wastewater is infiltrated or irrigated without any previous treatment or to the active micro-organism population in a biological filter that usually are used for treatment of grey wastewater before reuse.


In legacy networks, overlay multicast protocols are stateless multicast relying on unicast with IP addresses regarding multicast routing states on routers, and thus they offer cost-effectiveness and robustness. Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) consist of a large number of randomly deployed sensors with unattended batteries and constrained device capabilities. For non-uniform and resource-sensitive WSNs multicast protocols also have taken an overlay approach. The protocols establish a cost-optimal structure, a Steiner tree, among destinations as an overlay structure and exploit geographic routing for unicasting. However, such concentration on the Steiner tree structure may paradoxically burden the irregular and resource-constrained WSNs with heavy loads for heuristic structure construction and fault-tolerant maintenance. In addition, it leads to frequent tree reconstruction, thus it could harm data multicast transmission seriously. Regarding these problems, we consider a proxy district per a destination for overlay tree formation to prevent structural dynamic alteration and support local state management. This district-based overlay multicast might be able to keep the stateless advantages of traditional overlay multicast. By overhead analysis and various computational simulations, we prove that our proposal provides robust and efficient multicast transmission.


This paper reviews detection methods for detection of salmonella in animal food from three aspects that is traditional technique ,immunology techniques and PCR techniques.Emphasis was laid on immunology techniques and PCR techniques,which developed rapidly in the detection of salmonella in recent years due to their sensitivity and specificity.


The BWA-MON works in the following manner: A laser beam enters a prism where a first surface reflection of the raw beam is reflected to the BA-CAM. The majority of the The BWA-MON Laser Beam Waist Analyzer MONitor system and software enables truly "real-time" laser beam measurement, analysis and monitoring of low to very high power CW and pulsed lasers. The system design is based on the international standards ISO 11146 and ISO 13694 which relate to lasers and laser related equipment and laser beam spatial metrics.


The invention relates to a method capable of detecting and pre-warning the pressure of underground cables. By means of the method, the pressure resistant value of underground cables can be detected, and a detection result is reliable. The method comprises the following steps that an underground cable is put on a detection table and connected into a detection circuit; an impact block is put on the underground cable to be connected with the underground cable in an abutting mode, and a pressure sensor is arranged on the face, in contact with the underground cable, of the impact block; a circuit detector is connected with the detection circuit and a controller, and the controller is connected with the pressure sensor, a pre-warning device and a displayer; in the state that the detection circuit is on, pressure is constantly applied to the impact block, when the circuit detector detects that the detection circuit is off, the controller sends out a pre-warning instruction to the pre-warning device, and the pre-warning device sends out a pre-warning signal according to the pre-warning instruction; after the pre-warning device sends out the pre-warning signal, pressure is stopped being applied to the impact block, a pressure numerical value of the displayer is read, and the pressure numerical value is the pressure resistant value of the underground cable.


This article presents a case study on the use of "63-20" tax rules for financing public-private partnerships in the municipal bond markets. High-yield mutual funds lined up in February 1998 bought just over $200 million in 40-year, nonrecourse toll revenue debt issued by a 63-20 nonprofit corporation created and staffed 28 months earlier by an entrepreneurial road developer to gain access to the tax-exempt bond market. A notice to proceed was signed February 11, 1998, by the issuer for the start of work on the Southern Connector toll road, a 15.8-mi (25.4-km) segment of beltway linking two interstates and four state highways south of Greenville, South Carolina. The revenue bonds, a combination of rated and unrated current-interest and zero-coupon securities, were sold in denominations of $100,000 to a few institutions at an all-in rate of 5.89%. Unlike the original San Joaquin Hills toll road bonds, the Southern Connector securities are callable. The financial structure includes three layers of debt: $66.2 million in senior current-interest bonds priced at 5.625%, $87.385 million in senior capital appreciation bonds at 5.85%, and $46.6 million in unrated, subordinated capital appreciation bonds at 6.3%. In addition to the federal interest subsidy on the public-purpose debt, the back-loaded financial structure allows a low, mainline passenger toll rate of $0.75 at startup. The state will set toll rates and South Carolina's Department of Transportation has agreed to make increases as needed to maintain the minimum 1.25 revenue coverage required in the bond indenture. The negotiated deal for the Southern Connector earned the underwriters a $2.8 million fee. Interwest Management of South Carolina, which owns 61% of the development company, will be paid a $7.75-million profit once it delivers the right-of-way, permits, utility relocations, and environmental mitigation measures on time and budget.


HEUMATOID arthritis, despi te its name, is by no means a disease of the joints alone. Over the past few years it has become apparent that visceral involvement in this disease is not uncommon and, when present, it is often accompanied by characteristic roentgenographic findings. Although it has been known for many years that rheumatoid arthritis is a systemic affliction, it was not until 1948 that Ellman and Ball8 called attention to the pulmonary manifestations of the disease. Since then there has been increasing interest in "rheumatoid lung disease" and as our awareness of this entity increased, so did the frequency with which we recognized the lung lesions. Over the past 6 years we have encountered a fair-sized group of patients with rheumatoid arthritis who have had nearly every known type of pulmonary involvement, and it is felt that the clinical and roentgenologic findings in these subjects are of sufficient interest and diversity to merit being included in a short review article. Unfortunately, we are unable to determine what proportion of the total number of patients seen at this hospital with rheumatoid arthritis has had pulmonary lesions. It is stressed that this review is not intended to be exhaustive for we believe, along with Burke, that exhaustive reviews exhaust the reader. Rheumatoid arthritis may affect the lung in several ways. These may be conveniently divided into five groups.


Next Generation Access projects of developing broadband infrastructure, co-financed by the EU, require preparation and implementation of complex preparatory actions that are crucial for their successful implementation. Their implementation within member states contributes directly to achieving goals, defined in the Digital agenda for Europe. Preparation work on projects requires complex analyses and processing of governmental data on potential users of the new network. A mathematical model was developed within this study. Also, the Optimal Data Harmonization algorithm was developed, which incorporates the pointed mathematical model. Large amounts of projectsi¯ input data were also processed with the Optimal Data Harmonization algorithm. Research showed that data processing without Optimal Data Harmonization algorithm is the key reason for inadequate preparation of the project because of imprecise definition of numbers and geolocations of potential users. Without applying such model, projects doni¯t achieve the target coverage of broadband infrastructure of the next generation access and therefore doni¯t contribute to the Digital agenda for Europe goals. Processing data with Optimal Data Harmonization algorithm, which is a beyond the state-of-the-art model, ensures a high-level harmonisation of national data. With these results, one can provide optimal coverage of eligible potential beneficiaries in the project. Projects in which data were processed with the Optimal Data Harmonization algorithm contribute to reaching the Digital agenda for Europe goals. The study also recommends the establishment of national central database of geolocations of the potential beneficiaries, as it would standardize the input data in all future projects.


In the Tang Dynasty,the soldier system was transforming from the mansion army system into the military recruitment system.While the soldiers clothes were provided by the official department instead of self-prepared,the emotions embodied in the clothes was not weakened by the change in the supplying form of military clothes.The military clothes,as the specific living objects,embodied the many feelings including the happiness,sadness,bitterness,and anger related to separation and reunion.In the creation practice of the Tang dynasty border poets,the missing women and the soldiers' emotion tendency and the combination of the military clothes with the ladies' love constituted the emotion images,and the poets let these image feelings spreading into the whole society.In their poems,the Tang dynasty poets expressed very vividly the social inner meanings of the military clothes image.The combination of the emotion wishes and the reality situation made the military clothes become the aesthetic image full of rich emotional contents and cultural meanings.


A wideband circularly polarized (CP) endfire planar magneto-electric dipole antenna based on substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) is proposed for millimeter-wave (mm-wave) applications. The antenna mainly consists of an open-ended rectangular SIW radiating like a magnetic dipole, a parallel electric dipole, and a double-sided parallel-strip line which connects the two dipoles and provides 90° phase difference between them to generate CP radiation. To increase the axial ratio (AR) bandwidth, a pair of triangular slots are etched at the end of the upper and lower broad walls of the SIW, and moreover, a specific bowtie-shaped electric dipole is used instead of the traditional linear one. It has been shown that both the slots and the bowtie-shaped electric dipole can regulate or tune the magnitude of the radiation field of the electric dipole, making it tend to balance with radiation field generated by the magnetic dipole, and hence, leading to a good CP performance. The antenna has a single-layer planar structure, and it shows a −10 dB impedance bandwidth of over 50%, a 3 dB AR bandwidth of 36.6%, and a peak gain of 9.3 dBic.


Abstract Boronic acids are Lewis acids that exist in equilibrium with boronate forms in aqueous solution. Here we experimentally and computationally investigated the Lewis acidity of 2,6‐diarylphenylboronic acids; specially designed phenylboronic acids that possess two flanking aromatic rings with tunable aromatic character. Hammett analysis of 2,6‐diarylphenylboronic acids reveals that their Lewis acidity remains unchanged upon the introduction of EWG/EDG at the distant para position of the flanking aromatic rings. Structural and computational studies demonstrate that polar‐π interactions and solvation effects contribute to the stabilization of boronic acids and boronate forms by aromatic rings. Our physical‐organic chemistry work highlights that boronic acids and boronates can be stabilized by aromatic systems, leading to an important molecular knowledge for rational design and development of boronic acid‐based catalysts and inhibitors of biomedically important proteins.


A drive circuit for driving a semiconductor switch includes an overload detector circuit connected to the semiconductor switch and designed to detect an overload state of the semiconductor switch. The drive circuit further includes a driver circuit connected to a control terminal of the semiconductor switch and designed to generate, upon detection of an overload state, a driver signal having a level such that the semiconductor switch is switched off or switch-on is prevented. The driver circuit is further designed to generate a driver signal for driving the semiconductor switch according to a control signal, wherein for switching on the transistor at a first instant a driver signal is generated at a first level and, if no overload state is detected up to a predefined time period having elapsed, the level of the driver signal is increased to a second level.


The aim of this study was conducted to determine the effect of glauconite, sepiolite and oil on pellet quality parameters in poultry compound feed. There are limited studies with supplementation of different levels of sepiolite and glauconite clay minerals in diets about pellet quality during the pelleting processes. Thus, the effect of sepiolite and glauconite on pellet quality parameters was investigated in our study. The study was carried out in two different. Firstly, 1% and 2% levels sepiolite and glauconite were added to each concentrate in pellet production without adding oil. Secondly, 1% and 2% levels of sepiolite, glauconite and 1% oil were added to the concentrates during pelleting. In both experiments, the trial consisted of 1 control and 4 trial groups. Pellet concentrate feeds were produced with 7 batches (each batch was 100 kg). The disc that has hole diameter 3.5 mm and wall thickness of 70 mm was used in production. At the end of the study, dry matter level of the pellets was statistically influenced by the addition of sepiolite, glauconite and oil in poultry compound pellet feed The lowest pellet dry matter value belongs to C and CO groups (p<0.05). Pellet durability index of poultry compound pellet feed were not statistically affected by the addition of sepiolite, glauconite and oil. Pellet water activity of poultry compound pellet feed were not statistically affected by the addition of sepiolite, glauconite and oil. However, the pellet water activity of laying hens pellet concentrates (without oil addition) were statistically affected by the addition of sepiolite and glauconite (p<0.05). Pellet water activity has the lowest value especially in the groups in which glauconite is added. In conclusion, these findings showed that glauconite, sepiolite and oil can be used for pellet quality in poultry compound feed (especially laying hen feed) and improve pellet storage conditions and due to the positive effect of glauconite and sepiolite on pellet water activity.


The embodiment of the utility model discloses an intake cone of a flue gas turbine and the flue gas turbine. The intake cone comprises a shell, a cone body and a partition plate, wherein the cone body is arranged in the shell; the partition plate is connected with the cone body, and the outer circle position of the partition plate is provided with a swell absorption groove. Because the outer circle position of the partition plate is provided with the swell absorption groove, swell increment is absorbed through deformation of the swell absorption groove, thermal stress is reduced, and then the working stability of the structure is effectively guaranteed.


Abstract The systematic comparison of the crystal structures of the BEDT-TTF salts with the planar anion layers elucidated that the pattern of the openings in the anion layer governs the packing motif of the donor molecules. On the ambient pressure BEDT-TTF superconductors, an almost linear relationship between the Vmes2 and Tc was found out, where Vmes2 is the estimated volume of the space, mainly in which the carrier can distribute.


The utility model discloses a telescopic arm style crane hook lifting compensation device used in a telescopic arm style crane boom. A motor lifting control oil mouth of a liquid proportion control valve is communicated with a pressure oil output port of a first proportion pressure reducing valve. The motor falling control oil mouth of the liquid proportion control valve is communicated with a pressure oil output port of a second proportion pressure reducing valve. A bar-cavity control oil mouth of a liquid proportion control valve cylinder, a second pressure oil input port of the first proportion pressure reducing valve, a third pressure oil input port and a third pressure oil output port of a pilot control valve are communicated. A non-bar-cavity control oil mouth of the liquid proportion control valve cylinder, a second pressure oil input port of the second proportion pressure reducing valve, a third pressure oil input port and a fourth pressure oil output port of the pilot control valve are communicated. The hook can carry out compensation movement at the same time by only controlling the flexing of the boom, thus the distance between the hook and the head of the boom is kept unchanged; the improper operation can be reduced; the operation is simplified and the efficiency is enhanced.


It is an undeniable fact that the issue of divorce is very crucial in Zanzibar as its rate
increases day after day. However, a significant number of spouses in the islands want chiefly to air
their difficulties before some authoritative body which would identify the basic problems for all
spouses concerned and offer advice on how they could be solved short of termination of their marriage.
Despite the fact that divorce is a common practice in Zanzibar, there is certain number of marital
problems where the spouses are willing to give their marriage another chance by relying greatly on
Sulh but failure of having this mechanism in the Kadhis' Courts results in many marital conflicts
ending with the dissolution. Therefore, this paper at the outset seeks to examine the rate of divorce in
Zanzibar. This is made purposely in order to get the clear picture concerning the aspect of divorce in
Zanzibar. The second part of the paper will focus on observing the current procedures applied in
solving the marital disputes in Zanzibar. The last part of the paper will focus on showing the
importance of introducing Sulh process before the Kadhis' Courts in Zanzibar as a mechanism to
reduce the rate of divorce. Thus, in order for the Sulh process to be effective, this paper seeks to show
the relevancy of the Malaysian model for the intended changes in Kadhis' Courts in Zanzibar.


The SAL (Student Approaches to Learning) tradition focuses on mapping and assessing students' approaches to learning in the learning context of higher education. Previous research suggests that approaches to learning are indeed sensitive to modifications in the learning context, and influence the quality of student learning. However, the knowledge regarding variations in student approaches relating to learning flexibility is still limited.This study investigates whether a natural learning context, providing parallel and resembling courses, involves different approaches to learning. Second semester psychology students were asked to describe their approaches to learning separately for two parallel courses. The analyses suggest that even though individual students seem to exhibit a consistent core regarding their approaches to learning, alternations between similar learning contexts can bring about large changes in both surface and deep approaches to learning. Strategic approaches to learning seem less flexible, but not unaffected.The findings add to the theoretical idea of considering approaches to learning as a flexible construct, which is sensitive to smaller transitions in learning contexts. From a practical view, the results support the idea that there are ways of designing powerful learning environments.


Provided are a silver-based flux-cored wire and a manufacturing method thereof. The manufacturing method of the silver-based flux-cored wire includes the following steps: 1 placing soldering flux powder in a soldering flux jar, heating up to 580-600 DEG C, and smelting soldering flux to liquid state for use; 2 smelting proportioned silver, copper and zinc to be cast to bars, then turning the cast bars to remove scale, and cutting the cast bars to ingots for use; 3 enabling a flux-cored wire extrusion device to be heated to 520-530 DEG C; 4 placing the ingots in a muffle furnace for preheating with the preheating temperature at 560-580 DEG C; 5 placing the preheated ingots in a mould drum of the flux-cored wire extrusion device, starting a press of the flux-cored wire extrusion device to extrude an extrusion rod into an upper mould drum, and enabling alloy to be extruded into a material leading cone, enter an upper mould, a mould core and a lower mould through split-flow and then form a hollow pipe; and 6 opening an air inlet valve of the soldering flux jar, pressurizing, and enabling the liquid-state soldering flux in the soldering flux jar to be pressed into a feeding port to enter the mould core and be injected to the alloy hollow pipe to be solidified after heat dissipation. Thus, the silver-based flux-cored wire is produced. Compared with the prior art, the silver-based flux-cored wire and the manufacturing method thereof have the advantages of being simple in soldering process, high in production efficiency, low in cost, easy in controlling use level of soldering flux accurately, capable of meeting the requirement for alloy welding temperature matching, easy in cleaning after welding, good in welding performance, not prone to moisture absorption of solder wires, and long in storage time of solder wires.


Abstract The mechanical properties of Ni-Mn-Sn alloy thin films with excellent magnetic properties are poor, which limit practical application seriously. Therefore, the effect of Fe doping on the mechanical properties and martensitic reverse transformation of Ni-Mn-Sn thin films were investigated. The grain size of Ni50-xMn39Sn11Fex (x = 0, 0.5, 2, 4) thin films decreases with increasing Fe content. The As and Af of Ni50-xMn39Sn11Fex (x = 0, 0.5, 2) thin films gradually decrease with the increase of Fe content. The austenitic Curie temperature of austenite increases with increasing Fe content. The hardness and elastic modulus of Ni50-xMn39Sn11Fex (x = 0, 0.5, 2, 4) thin films increase with increasing Fe content. The wear resistance, toughness and creep resistance of thin films increases with increasing Fe content. Therefore, doping Fe in Ni-Mn-Sn thin films can improve mechanical properties of alloy thin films significantly.


The authors report the results of electrooptic (EO) and nonlinear optical (NLO) studies in several thin-film materials deposited on fused silica substrates. Using a transparent substrate allowed observation of the EO and NLO effects easily by using optical-transmission-type measurements. PLZT, BaTiO/sub 3/, SBN, BNN, and beta-BBO thin-film materials were studied. The material properties and the potential applications of these films are discussed.<<ETX>>


With limited resources available, how should conservation professionals deal with the increasing demands for soil and water conservation? Berry et al. (2003) introduced precision conservation as a concept and tool to improve resource management efficiency and enhance environmental sustainability. Given substantial advances in geospatial technologies and information technologies and readily available spatial and temporal information on natural resources, land owners, resource managers, farmers, and extension personnel would better understand the economic and environmental consequences of land use and management practices so that site-specific actions can be taken to mitigate and reduce those negative environmental impacts. Consistent with the concept of precision conservation, Qiu et al. (2007) proposed to re-conceptualize nonpoint source pollution as "variable source pollution" by introducing John Hewlett's variable source area (VSA) hydrology into water resources and watershed management practices. According to the VSA hydrology, runoff that carries pollutants and contributes to stream hydrograph is primarily generated in relatively small, but predictable, hydrologically sensitive areas (HSAs) in a landscape where soils are saturated. Managing variable area pollution recognizes the close, dynamic, and most frequently complicated interactions between land and water in landscape and requires that conservation and resource management efforts focus on relatively small HSAs. Without using the…


The aftermath of the 2009 L'Aquila earthquake was marked by social fragmentation and isolation in resettlement sites. Cultural work emerged as a central aspect of recovery initiatives, aimed at reconnecting dispersed survivors. This article explores how local artists envisioned their contribution to recovery from catastrophe, namely as the production and performance of utopian imaginations in particular spaces, seeking to connect divided Aquilani. Cultural initiatives approached the notion of utopia pragmatically: with historic neighbourhoods, in which sociality used to be produced, off-limits, dispersion and envy made the building of new shared spaces necessary. These spaces were often cultural. However, rather than envisioning cultural events as momentary, artists aspired to shape enduring relationships and recovery. Their work challenges approaches that depict the culture industry as conquered by late capitalism's neoliberal, enjoyment-centred experience economy.


The first part of this essay traces Henry James's changing attitudes to art collecting in letters, essays and pronouncements: favourable for British and European public and private museums, rather wary and suspicious about the American rage for collecting. The second part examines the question of 'unholy art acquisitions' as a central concern in Henry James's fiction, both realistically and metaphorically, from The Portrait of a Lady to The Spoils of Poynton. The operation of American 'robber barons' draining Europe of its art treasures is a theme both in The Golden Bowl and in The Outcry, a topical novel where the theme is played out in terms of an 'international' confrontation of Old World's values and concerns about art, and New World's acquisitiveness, 'art-grab' and 'grab-resources'.


The effects of harvest date of timothy on the chemical composition of herbage and silage, and on the voluntary intake, liveweight gain and feed conversion efficiency by finishing lambs, were evaluated. The herbage was harvested and ensiled on three dates: 16 June (before heading), 20 June and 26 June. The silages were analysed for chemical composition and degradation characteristics by an in vitro gas production (GP) technique with end-point measurements (72 h) of degradability of organic matter (OM) and neutral-detergent fibre (NDF). There were clear effects of later dates of harvest increasing the concentration of NDF, and reducing the degradability of OM and NDF, and the rate of GP, of silages made from this herbage. The silages were fed ad libitum to lambs in a feeding experiment using a Latin square design. Later harvest dates decreased the voluntary intake of silage, liveweight gain and feed conversion efficiency. Lambs fed the early-cut silage had a liveweight gain of 152 g d⁻¹ and those fed the silage harvested 10 d later had a liveweight gain of 76 g d⁻¹. Changes in the chemical composition of herbage and silage and in in vitro degradation characteristics of silages with later harvests were associated, to a large extent, with the reduction in voluntary intake and liveweight gain of lambs.


We discuss the uniformly higher order accurate extrapolations,which are based on theuniform expansion for global error,to solutions of uniformly convergent discretizationmethods for singularly perturbed problems.By applying the approach to the Il'in-Allen-Southwell scheme for a non-self-adjoint problem,we obtain an extrapolation solution whichis uniformly convergent with order two.We confirm the result by numerical calculations.


Discloses a new method and system for automated data analysis. It may automatically analyze the data to determine the characteristics of different applications, such as in the field of view of the analysis and comparison. Exception between groups of objects can be detected by the clustering of objects.


Wood biomass of two different moisture contents, i.e. 15 wt% and 98 wt% was gasified in a staged gasifier. The produced gas from oxidation zone at maximum temperature 1373 K reacted with char from pyrolysis in the reduction reactor. Some additional air was needed in order to increase the char conversion rate and to keep high enough temperature in the reactor. The possible reaction mechanism was investigated via computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Four different reaction constants of water gas shift reaction (wgsr) for order 1.5 and for order 2 were validated and their sensitivities were investigated. It was found that the reaction rate of wgsr was very sensitive to the steam concentration. The gas composition and temperature profile from simulation via 11 reactions was more realistic than from simulation via 10 reactions if compared to the experimental data. The mechanisms of wgsr and water gas reaction-secondary steam gasification (wgr-ssg) have to be taken into account particularly in char reduction simulation at high moisture content. Index Term-CFD, char reduction, staged gasification, water gas reaction, water gas shift reaction.


Avifaunal diversity and abundance were studied in two wetlands of Jalpaiguri District, West Bengal, India, in relation to eight wetland characteristics supposedly directly or indirectly affected by human activities. Although the climatic and geophysical conditions of both the wetlands are almost similar, a total of 80 bird species were recorded from one wetland and the other supported only 42 species. The relationship between habitat characteristics and community structure varied throughout the year, suggesting that the birds respond differently to one or other habitat characteristic depending on the season. Larger wetland size supported higher bird diversity and abundance as far as resident and local migrants are concerned. Winter migrant density and diversity, however, reached higher values in structurally more heterogeneous wetlands having fewer submerged aquatic vegetation. All these habitat characteristics become highly influenced by intense agricultural practices in the wetland with fewer bird diversity and density.


Hybrid colloidal supraparticles often show a superior performance in catalysis, optics and biomedicine thanks to the synergistic effect of the ensemble of their single nanoparticle building blocks. Despite the emerging importance of shape-dependent properties of nanostructures, the synthesis of supraparticles is generally limited to a spherical shape. Here, a broadly applicable method is presented for the fabrication of ellipsoid supraparticles from one or several types of inorganic nanoparticles in various compositions. The method is highly versatile and modular, allowing free choice of hydrophobic nanoparticles to combine desired properties in the resulting supraparticles. A representative series of ellipsoid-shaped supraparticles is fabricated and their morphology, hybrid structure and composition as well as their functional properties are investigated. All employed nanoparticle types are successfully incorporated resulting in ellipsoid-shaped supraparticles with largely homogeneous intra- and interparticular distribution of the different nanoparticle building blocks. A biological assessment of iron oxide ellipsoid supraparticles reveals no safety issues but a pronounced lower cellular uptake compared to spherical ones. This distinct shape–property relationship illustrates the importance of the supraparticle shape as a parameter for the rational design of nanosystems for biomedical applications.


The Chinese Disposition" is mentioned four times in Lu Xun Collected Works. Evidently, in Lu Xun 's practice, criticism, reconstruction and thought, the Chinese national spirit is the major option. The Chinese national spirit represented by A-Q's core is "spiritual winning", but this spirit is not the direct influence of the traditional Taoism culture, it is the evolvement of nongovernmental religion in daily life. Doubt and negation in Lu Xun's thought obviously come from the influence of traditional Taoism culture. Lu Xun has founded his "unique world of silence" and demonstrates his abundant feelings.


This essay uses the historiography on Albrecht Dürer and Matthias Grünewald to argue that while the distinction between past and present is an indispensable device for historical writing, it is one for which no essential definition can be offered. The changing nature of the distancing techniques developed to keep the past at bay offers fascinating insight into the character of the assumptions brought to interpretation by individual scholars, as well as the way in which historical narratives respond to the social agendas of the cultures that create them.


The problem of lot sizing and scheduling of production runs for multiple products to be processed on a machine was studied. The problem is formulated as a dynamic system, for which we show that cyclical schedules with the clearing lot sizing rule leads the system to a steady state. In the steady state we obtained a closed-form formula for the cycle time, the lot size and the maximum inventory level for each product. Finally, we showed that the clearing lot sizing rule is the optimal linear lot sizing rule that minimizes the system's inventory levels in the steady state.


Statement of problem: Dental implants are typically made of titanium. However, with the current systems in the market, it is common for the implant neck to show through the gingival tissues as a black or dark grey line and/or as a grayish discoloration of the periimplant soft tissue. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to test a new implant design; the ceramic neck implant is a novel implant design for tooth replacement. The key component of this novel design is the ceramic shell that covers the polished collar of the tissue level titanium implant and masks its dark color, which gives an appearance that mimics natural dentition. The main aim was to determine the maximum torque for fracturing the ceramic shell and compare it to clinical implant insertion torque value. Material and Methods: Thirty type 4 commercially pure titanium endosseous implants of three different diameters (3.3, 4.1, 4.8 mm) were used in this study. Porcelain was applied in 0.5 mm thickness on the polished collar of each implant as determined in a previous article. Axialtorsional universal testing machine was used to twist the implants at X N.cm/s until failure. The data (n=10) were statistically analyzed by ANOVA/Tukey test with a significant level α = .05. The maximum torque for each diameter group was also compared to optimum clinical implant insertion torque value of 35 Ncm (control) using one sample T-test (P<.001). Results. None of the tested groups had a fractured ceramic shell at all. Instead, the implants carriers have fractured at certain torque levels. Therefore, the fracture of the implants carriers was selected as the maximum (failure) torque value. There was statistical difference for the failure torque (Mean ± SD) between 3.3 mm diameter and the other two diameters (P<.001) (F=15.6) while no statistical difference was found between the 4.1 mm and 4.8 mm diameters (p=.106). A statistically significant difference was found between failure torque of any one of the tested groups and the clinical insertion torque (P<.001). Conclusions: Ceramic shells did not fracture. Instead, implants carriers have fractured at certain torque levels. These levels were sufficiently higher than the clinical torque values. This means that there are fewer chances that a fracture might happen while inserting the novel ceramic neck implant and/or the abutment. (892) Waleed Elshahawy, et al. E.D.J. Vol. 63, No. 1


By means of a double-blind procedure, 30 obese patients were tested to measure the effectiveness of a new anorexiant. The total weight lost and the average weight lost weekly by each patient were five times as great for those on therapy with the active drug as compared to those on therapy with a placebo. No special stress was placed on diet, although the elements of a well-balanced, 1,100-calorie regimen were explained. There were no unusual side-reactions, subjective complaints, or changes in physical findings to indicate toxicity of the drug.


Assembly jig holds the components for a solar cell module in place as the assembly is soldered and bonded by the even heat of an oven. The jig is designed to the configuration of the planned module. It eliminates uneven thermal conditions caused by hand soldering methods.


The Urban Asymmetries studio is an intensive, theoretically and empirically driven research and design studio that aims at the understanding of Neo-Liberal processes and conditions that produce uneven developements in contemporary urban environments. This urban-architectural landscape project is situated in the notorious (barrio) neighbourhood La Victoria in Santiago de Chile. Collectively four strategies have been developed to tackle the problems of asymmetrical development. Individually a multifunctional park has been designed which will operate as an area of green stitching (healing/buffering) by improving the quality of site, by initiating a process of permeation an integration on neighbourhood/ municipal scale; in such way protecting La Victoria's heritage and inhabitants against future metropolitan development projects.


Lycopene is tomato's pigment which has antioxidant activity, it has less stability  to oxidation due to light and other oxidizing materials. Microencapsulation process used solvent evaporation method with ethyl cellulose as coating, was done to improve the stability of lycopene concentrate. Concentrate was gained from extract of tomato using n-hexane solvent. The analysis was performed using spectrophotometer UV-Vis at a wavelength of 465nm. Evaluation of microcapsules gained microcapsules yield 55.712%, humid assay 3.59%, encapsulation efficiency 2.34%, and average of microcapsul size was 1,025 µm. Microcapsules stability test was conducted at the site of exposure to light for 5 weeks with decreased concentration percentage of 82.84% with statistical data showed that the result was significantly different between week 1 to week 5. Better than freely likopene concentrate whish has decreased concentration percentage of 95.30%.


The welfare of a nation depends upon its national power, which is surely the back ground of the politics, economics and militari tic strength of the nation. The promotion of the national power of Japan depends entirely on her industries. The fundamentals of industries are the natural resources and human power. Although the recent engineering development of Japan has been remarkable, the shortage of her natural resources has hindered the advance to the world's competitive market.The independence of Manchukuo and the concert with Japan have given opportunity to render the latter substantial supplies of the former's abundant resources. Consequently, the old industrial policy of Japan should be reformed to meet the future advancement.The industrial consolidation between Japan and Manchukuo is very natural, both having the same spiritual ideals of mutual assistance, which should promote the well-being of both nations with consequent augmentation of the peace and welfare of the Far East.The failure of the League of Nations is entirely due to the lack of recognition of the outstanding features in the Far East and also of the industrial strength of Japan, which compelled her to withdraw from the League and caused the futile argument of an arms embargo.The world's culture originated in Asia and proceeded toward the West, as the Sun goes. The material civilization was highly amplified in Europe, and propagated to America and lastly reached Japan. Now, the nation of Japan is responsible for the re-circulation of the material civilization, well-amalgamated with spiritual cultivation. On this ground, the industry of Japan should be the prime mover for the cultural advancement of the world. Under such consideration, the fundamental re-establishment of the Japanese industrial policy has also very great meaning for the well-doing of the human race.Manchukuo and Japan differ in their geographical conditions and natural resources. Both countries have things which the other has not, so that industries of these two countries should be established upon their own merits, and the unification of these industries will promote the prosperity of both countries owing to natural nutual assistance. With this in view, Manchukuo should be in charge of heavy industries such as mining, iron and steel making etc., whilst Japan should take refined industries such as mechanical, electrical, shipbuilding, constructional engineering etc.Some Japanese shipbuilders consider that Manchukuo is not a market for the shipbuilding industry, but the author considers that there is ample scope for the development of this industry in Manchukuo, in river transportation, shipping naval affairs. etc.The idea of the Manchurian market would, however, mean only a minor economic circulation in this part of the Far East, so Japanese engineers should aim at the world's competitive market.The shipbuilding industry having very keen relations with all other branches of industries such as steel making, mechanical, electrical, ordnance, civil, structural engineering etc., it is in the most suitable position to become negotiator amongst the various industries in order to establish the new national industrial policy of Japan, and to this great aim the shipbuilders should endeavour with their utmost energy as the pioneer for the reformation, which will not only promote the prosperity of Japan, but also is a substantial policy for the shipbuilding revivail and then toward the international competition.


For a given elapsed time since the production has begun through the well bore, pressure changes occur everywhere within certain region around the well bore. The apparent radius of this region is termed as the radius of drainage. An estimation of this depends upon the criteria based on pressure and flow differentials. Previous studies have proposed correlations for the radius of drainage, based on the criteria with either pressure or production rate. This study examines the cross relationships of these considerations.


Let R be a ring, (S,≤) a strictly totally ordered monoid which is also artinian and ω : S →Aut(R) a monoid homomorphism. Given a right R-module M, denote by [MS,≤] [[RS,≤,ω]] the generalized inverse polynomial module over the skew generalized power series ring [[RS,≤,ω]]. It is shown in this paper that if MR is a completely ω-compatible module and I an attached prime ideal of MR, then [[IS,≤,ω]] is an attached prime ideal of [MS,≤] [[RS,≤,ω]], and that if [MS,≤] R is a completely ω-compatible Bass module, then every attached prime ideal of [MS,≤] [[RS,≤,ω]] can be written as the form of [[IS,≤,ω]] where I is an attached prime ideal of MR.


While hardware obfuscation has been used in industry for many years, very few scientific papers discuss layout-level obfuscation. The main aim of this paper is to start a discussion about hardware obfuscation in the academic community and point out open research problems. In particular, we introduce a very flexible layout-level obfuscation tool that we use as a case study for hardware obfuscation. In this obfuscation tool, a small custom-made obfuscell is used in conjunction with a standard cell to build a new obfuscated standard cell library called Obfusgates. This standard cell library can be used to synthesize any HDL code with standard synthesis tools, e.g. Synopsis Design Compiler. However, only obfuscating the functionality of individual gates is not enough. Not only the functionality of individual gates, but also their connectivity, leaks important important information about the design. In our tool we therefore designed the obfuscation gates to include a large number of "dummy wires". Due to these dummy wires, the connectivity of the gates in addition to their logic functionality is obfuscated. We argue that this aspect of obfuscation is of great importance in practice and that there are many interesting open research questions related to this.


Intermittent Access (IntA) cocaine self‐administration is a protocol suggested to better simulate human addictive behavior due to the intermittent pattern of drug administration. IntA is also known to produce incentive salience and psychomotor sensitization. It is documented that IntA produces a neurochemical sensitization of the mesolimbic dopamine (DA) system by increasing both release and uptake of DA. The ventral tegmental area (VTA) DA neurons display a prominent mixed cation current conductance known as the hyperpolarization‐activated cyclic nucleotide current, or Ih. Neural processes such as resting membrane potential, firing frequency modulation, and synaptic integration are influenced by the Ih. Previous results from our laboratory demonstrated that Ih amplitude and membrane capacitance of putative VTA DA neurons are significantly reduced after cocaine sensitization. This Ihand capacitance reduction resulted in an increased temporal summation, mean depolarization and excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) amplitude, all related to an enhanced neuronal excitability state. It is not known how IntA alters the intrinsic properties of VTA DA cells. Since the cocaine sensitization model involves experimenter administered drug injections (non‐contingent) it is important to determine if electrophysiological changes in VTA DA cells are present when drugs are self‐administered (contingent). In the present study we explored if synaptic integration, membrane capacitance and cell activity alterations are present after exposure to cocaine IntA. Our hypothesis is that IntA enhances synaptic integration and neuronal excitability of VTA DA cells. Whole‐cell patch‐clamp technique in rat brain slices was used to inject a 33‐Hz train of 5 αEPSCs (α = 5 ms; Imax = 50) into the soma of putative VTA DA neurons when clamped at ‐70 mV and analyze the effects of cocaine IntA, and passive cocaine infusions (yoked controls) on synaptic integration. Increasing depolarizing current injections were used to evaluate how neurons respond to a depolarizing stimulus. Our results demonstrate that an IntA protocol, but not passive cocaine infusions, produces a significant increase in the number of APs (P<0.05). Temporal summation was increased at depolarized potentials in the IntA group and Yoked controls (P<0.0001). These results suggests that neuronal activity regulation is dependent on associative learning to drug cues. The findings also suggest that enhanced synaptic integration could possibly be a cocaine‐induced pharmacological effect.


Purpose – Today's requirements concerning successful learning support comprise a variety of application scenarios. Therefore, the development of supporting software preferably aims at modular design. This article discusses requirements regarding flexibility of e‐learning systems and presents important principles, which should be met by successful systems. The purpose of this paper is to achieve a highly flexible system as follows: first of all, the system itself should be capable of easily being integrated into other systems. Second, the approach should allow easy integration of new components, respectively, existing resources without the need to adapt the whole system.Design/methodology/approach – Guided by the results of previous projects and by various experiences in online education the importance of modular structures of an effective architecture as well as for the system usage were discovered. Accordingly, existing e‐learning systems were examined and some deficiency regarding support of synchronous...


This study aimed to assess whether disease‐free survival (DFS) may serve as a predictor for long‐term survival among patients with intermediate‐high risk or high risk renal cell carcinoma (RCC) post‐nephrectomy when overall survival (OS) is unavailable.


A London primary care trust has admitted that its systems were "seriously flawed" in allowing a smoking cessation counsellor, who was paid by the number of people he helped to quit, to falsify his number of successes

Harry Singer, a former community adviser for the NHS's smoking cessation service, was found guilty on 20 August of stealing £90 000 (€113 000; $165 000) from the NHS. He was convicted of 18 specimen charges of false accounting and sentenced to 18 months in prison by Blackfriars Crown Court.

Mr Singer was employed by Kensington and Chelsea Primary Care Trust between …


This paper aims to show the developmental trend of the intelligence building(IB) safety monitor control based on the 3C technologies, i.e., control, computer and communication technology. While introducing a self regulated environmental safety monitor control system for IB (intelligent building), the paper focuses on the discussion of the monitor control system comprising the Microcontroller(AT89C52), the Data Memory(DS1245) and the Key Display chip(INTEL8279), which integrate into a field digital micro controlling system. In this system, the author has adopted single line intelligent temperature(DS1820) and humidity(BT5B00) sensors so as to decrease the hardware consumption in large engineering projects. The system adopts the distributed control system of Lonworks field bus technology to form a control network. The standard of LonTalk is also applied in the network communication. Such a comprehensive standard enables the problem solving in standard and data transmission as well as between the application softwares and the process control device, whose function is to monitor the change of I/O state in the real time condition. As soon as the state changes, the device will be able to detect if it is being in an alarming state, and then it will transfer the alarming information to the central computer by the network. Once the central monitor receives the data, it will dispatch a corresponding alarming output. In so doing, the device can perform the monitor control of temperature, humidity, fire control and the other kinds of similar information.


A complex analysis of cytotoxicity was performed for a nanodispersed sol of cerium dioxide doped with gadolinium (Ce0.8Gd0.2O2−x) using a culture of mesenchymal stem cells. The absence of cytoand genotoxicity over a wide range of concentrations (10−5 – 10−9 M) was demonstrated. At that, the highest concentration of Ce0.8Gd0.2O2−x nanoparticles (10−4 M) was found to slightly reduce the activity of intracellular dehydrogenase, yet not leading to the development of apoptosis and further cell death. The obtained results confirm a high degree


Light microscopy studies on the fish cracker gel and expanded product ('keropok') emphasised the role of fish proteins in the starch expansion process. The addition of salt (20 g kg-1) in the 'keropok' helped to distribute evenly the starch in the fish protein. Formation of thin fish muscle bundles assisted the expansion of 'keropok'. At 700-900 g kg-1 fish content, the fish muscle bundles formed a continuous network that caused a drop in the 'keropok' expansion. From the scanning electron microscopy study, ridges were found in samples (containing 600-900 g kg-1 fish content) with 20 g kg-1 salt at high magnification.


A series of 75 consecutive psychiatric admissions were assessed for clinical diagnosis and laboratory determinations of CCF and SGOT. All CCF were negative. No instance of positive SGOT determination was found in the absence of specific and additional intoxication or metabolic [SEE SOURCE PDF TABLE 1] disfunction. This would tend to negate assertions that schizophrenia and/or other psychiatric illnesses are associated with hepatic dysfunction or significant cellular damage in other organ systems.


Two different types of monumental architecture arise as part of the urban landscape of the Middle and Late Bronze Ages in the southern Levant: palaces and temples. While these architectural feats stand out as different from domestic architecture, there is little discourse on what defines a space as a palace or as a temple. This article uses access analysis to demonstrate that, in terms of space syntax, the complexity and organizational schemes of palaces and temples are exceptionally divergent. As such, this study also investigates whether the ancient Near Eastern linguistic traditions of referring to palaces and temples as houses, accords with the archaeological record in the Levant. The study concludes that while the syntactic properties and architecture of palaces are modelled on contemporary courtyard houses, temples comprise a completely different category of space that neither resembles the syntax nor the architecture of palaces or houses. The utility of this approach for distinguishing Levantine architecture types is demonstrated by applying it in the analysis of two debated structures from the southern Levant: the Middle Bronze Age courtyard complex at Shechem and Late Bronze Age Building 7050 at Hazor.


Some Cu-RE and Cu-Cr-RE alloys were prepared by means of casting.The preparing process,heat treatment methods and mechanical and electrical properties of these alloys were studied by use of SEM,X-Ray,quantitative metallographic analysis,eddy-current conductometer,microhardness meter.The effects of RE elements on microstructures and properties of copper were researched also.


Recombination processes in antimonide-based materials for thermophotovoltaic (TPV) devices have been investigated using a radio-frequency (RF) photoreflectance technique, in which a Nd-YAG pulsed laser is used to excite excess carriers, and the short-pulse response and photoconductivity decay are monitored with an inductively-coupled non-contacting RF probe. Double-capped lattice-matched GaInAsSb organometallic vapor phase epitaxy (OMVPE)--grown layers on GaSb substrates have been used to evaluate bulk lifetime and surface recombination velocity with different layer thicknesses. With an active layer doping of 2 {times} 10{sup 17} cm{sup {minus}3}, effective bulk lifetimes of 95 ns and surface recombination velocities of 1,900 cm/s have been obtained. As the laser intensity is increased the lifetime decreases, which may be indicative of radiative recombination under these high level injection conditions. Similar measurements have been taken on both commercially available GaSb boules as well as in-house grown quaternary GaInAsSb boules. A two-step decay is observed with the quaternary boules, an initial decay of nominally 15 ns which is relatively independent of laser intensity and a second decay of 30--60 ns which increases with decreasing laser intensity. This behavior may be indicative of free charge separation as a result of short-range ordering in the quaternary crystals. GaSb boules, both commercially available and those grown in-house, exhibit more classical characteristics.


This paper presents a method for harmonic elimination and reactive power compensation using an intervening firing method and passive power filter with is suitable to compensate rapidly changing loads and reactive power. The proliferation of three-phase thyristor phase-controlled converter of DC motor drives into a power system has the potential to increase the harmonic levels in the power system. The design procedure of an intervening firing method and passive power filter capable of reducing the voltage and current harmonics produced by converter supplied from a source having internal large inductive impedance is offered. The analysis uses the orCAD PSpice to model three-phase thyristor phase-controlled converter of DC motor drives as well as the system.


Twelve hundred fifty-one pigs from six farrowings (FGRP) were classified within a FGRP by their birth litter size (BL= below average and BL+ = above average), randomly allotted to nursing litter sizes of 6 or 12+ pigs/sow (NL-vs NL+) and reared by their own or foster dams (XFvs XF+). Pigs were weighed at birth, 21 d and when near 105 kg. A random sample of 40 gilts per FGRP was retained for observation of pubertal age and primipara conception. Twenty-four gilts per FGRP were farrowed and rebred for a second parity. Pigs born in large litters were younger at 105 kg than those born in small litters (189 vs 196 d _+ 1.4); no other differences (P > .05) were observed for BL. Pigs reared in larger litters had lower survival rate from birth to weaning (79 vs 86% + 1), had slower weight gains to 21 d of age (5.3 vs 6.6 kg + .17) and were older at 105 kg (195 vs 190 d + 1.4) than those reared in small litters (P < .04). Cross-fostered pigs were slower gaining to 21 d (5.9 vs 6.1 kg + .14) and were older at 105 kg (195 vs 191 d + 1.4) than pigs not cross-fostered pigs (P < .02). Growth beyond 105 kg and pubertal age were unaffected by any factor studied (P > .05). Although size of birth litter did not affect (P > .05) any reproductive trait, an interaction between litter size and farrowing group was detected. Gilts reared by foster dams had lower (P < .03) conception at first breeding (50 vs 72 5: 5), fewer pigs farrowed (8.4 vs 9.9 + .4), fewer live pigs farrowed (7.5 vs 9.2 + .4) and fewer pigs at 21 d (6.7 vs 7.5 + .4) than those raised by their genetic dams. But cross-fostered gilts had a greater rebreeding rate (postfarrowing 95 vs 67 + 5) than those not crossfostered. (


The ignitability and burning behaviour of upholstered furniture has received considerable attention from fire authorities, fire scientists and test authorities. A wide variety of ignition sources occur in real life situations but it is clearly essential to use a limited number of ignition sources in standard ignition tests which simulate real life sources. This paper reviews real life flaming ignition sources in comparison with flaming ignition sources used in standard ignition tests for upholstered composites furniture and bed assembly tests.


Abstract Populism and degradation are closely related. Not only is the insulting and slandering of political opponents part of the standard repertoire of populists, but the experience of degradation is also one of the most important sociopsychological conditions for the emergence of contemporary populism. Accordingly, the populist politics of degradation must be understood as a response to their own experiences of degradation. However, this strategy leads into an aporia because it systematically undermines the solidarity and recognition it seeks. I will therefore ask what a political solution to the challenge of populism might look like and argue that radical democratic republicanism is a remedy for populism because it allows the experience of degradation that underlies it to be both taken seriously and kept at a critical distance.


We aim to study the dust distribution in the central regions of the Keplerian disk of the Red Rectangle, the prototype of binary post-AGB stars with rotating circumbinary disks, and to compare it with the distribution of relevant molecular gas tracers We present new high-resolution (20 milliarcseconds, mas) ALMA observations of continuum and line emissions at 0.9 mm. The maps have been analyzed by means of a simple model of dust and free-free emissionn that is able to reproduce the continuum data. Resuts: i) We find that most of the dust emission in the Red Rectangle is concentrated in the inner disk regions, with a typical size of 250 AU in diameter and 50 AU in width. ii) The settlement of dust grains onto inner equatorial regions is remarkable when compared with the relatively widespread gas distribution. iii) This region is basically coincident with the warm PDR (photo-dominated region) where CI, CII, and certain molecules such as HCN are presumably formed, as well as probably PAHs (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, whose emission is very strong in this source). iv) We confirm the large size of the grains, with a typical radius ~ 150 mu The opacity of dust at 0.9 mm is deduced to be relatively large, ~0.5. v) We also confirm the existence of a very compact HII region in the center, for which we measure an extent of 10 - 15 mas (~ 10 AU) and a total flux of 7 - 8 mJy at 0.9 mm.


As engine block vibration contributes to engine noise, reducing the noise it readiates has become a major theme. Recently, radiated noise has been calculated on the basis of structural vibration data using BEM. Although there have been reports on radiated noise calculations, no literature reporting investigations of structural changes to reduce radiated noise has appeared. In this study, we investigated the basis of BEM to calculate radiated noise. We applied FEM to a rectangular panel model to analyze its vibrations. Using BEM we calculated the radiated noise from this vibration data. Next, in order to find a method for making structural changes, we applied the eigenmode sensitivity analysis method proposed by one of the authors. As a result we were able to reduce the noise pressure level radiating from the rectangular panel.


Spectrally resolved detection of ionizing radiation in a detector comprising a chamber (13) filled with an ionizable substance, a radiation entrance (33), an electron avalanche amplification means, and a read-out arrangement (29), comprises introducing a broadband radiation beam (1) into the chamber between and in parallel first and second electrode arrangements for ionization of the ionizable substance and avalanche amplifying said electrons. By means of the read-out arrangement (29) electron avalanches (SX1, SX2, . . . SXN), derivable mainly from ionization in sections (X1, H2, . . . , XN) of the chamber that are separated in the direction of the introduced radiation beam, are separately detected. From spectrally resolved absorption data, weighting factors (W11, W21, . . . , WM1, W12, W22, . . . , WM2, . . . , W1N, W2N, . . . , WMN) for different spectral components (E1, E2, . . . , EM) of the radiation (1) and for different sections (X1, X2, . . . , XN) of the chamber are deduced, each of said weighting factors being substantially proportional to the photon flux (phi11, phi21, . . . , phiM1, phi12, phi22, . . . , phiM2, . . . , phi1N, phi2N, . . . , phiMN) of the respective spectral component (E1, E2, . . . , EM) in the respective section (X1, X2, . . . , XN). Finally, by means of said detected electron avalanches (SX1, SX2, . . . , SXN) and said weighting factors, the respective detected electron avalanches (SE1, SE2, . . . , SEM) that are derivable from ionization by the respective spectral component of said broadband radiation are deduced.


But you know, friends– blessed children of the all-encompassing spirituality– good advice is where you find it. Yes! I remember one time down in North Carolina– well, it can't be helped, that's where I was– standin on the edge of a sidewalk lookin along that striped place, peedestrian crossin, watchin for that little round-headed dude up yonder to turn from red to white–you know he'd spent his life waitin to do that. Course, them cats don't live morn about forty-five seconds! Anyhow, I turned to the lamppost next to me, and there, about shoulder height, I seen this little bitty sign, said   . There you go, beloved. Try that awhile and see if you don't feel better.


Low oxygen or hermetic storage has been successfully used to store several commodities such as corn (Zea mays L.), cowpea (Vigna Savi), cocoa (Theobroma cocao), and coffee (Coffea L.), rice (Oryza sativa L.). However, previous research using hermetic storage for peanut or groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) has had mixed results. Research was conducted to determine the effect on aflatoxin contamination, seed germination, and oil chemistry of shelled peanut hermetically stored in the Purdue Improved Crop Storage (PICS) bags for up to 12 months. A 2 x 4 factorial study included 1) normal and high oleic peanut, 2) two initial moisture contents by four storage treatments. The four storage treatments were 1) burlap bags as the control, 2) PICS bags, 3) PICS bags with air extracted by vacuum, and 4) PICS bags with sachets of chlorine dioxide (ClO 2 ) dry fumigant added. There were three replications of each treatment combination.  Peanut was stored in an area maintained at a temperature above 21C. The initial seed germination of the normal oleic and high oleic peanuts was 77 and 80%, respectively. Initial aflatoxin concentration in all peanut was less than 2 µg/kg . Bags were opened, sampled, and resealed at 60, 159, 249, and 301 d of storage. Approximately half of the 12 burlap bags suffered significant rodent damage, and all had significant infestation by Indian meal moth ( Plodia interpunctella ). Only 4 PICS bags had rodent damage with damage limited to the outer polypropylene bag. There were no live insects in the PICS bags. Seed germination decreased for all samples to an average of 6.3%. Peanut stored in the burlap bags had an average germination of 19.2% compared to 2.1% for peanut stored in PICS bags. The aflatoxin concentration in one of the burlap bags with normal oleic peanuts was 75 µg/kg, and one of the PICS bags with high oleic peanuts had an aflatoxin concentration of 12 µg/kg.  The remaining samples had aflatoxin below the detectable limit of 2 µg/kg.


The strategy of "advanced culture construction" is the basic cultural strategy of Chinese Communist Party in the socialist elementary stage. The strategy is formed in the background of new era, which itself has well-knit theory construction and has high value on theory and reality in the soialist elementary stage cultural construction.


The relationship between domestication and evolution is still a matter of discussion. In this review, we present some arguments for the assumption that domestication could be seen as an evolutionary process including the possibility that new species might evolve. In course of domestication, many breeds have been developed which show numerous alterations in different parameters such as body size, coloring, habitat, behavior, and brain size and composition. Here, we would like to give an overview particularly about alterations and varieties in (brain) morphology and behavior in domestic poultry and argue that these alterations could be seen as adaptations to the man-made environment.


Background and Aim: Quick Speech in Noise (Q-SIN) test has popularity for evaluating speech recognition in noise. The present study has been paid to build five new Persian lists with respect to all possible factors affecting the test, to determine validity of the test and to run five lists for normal hearing subjects and assessment of reliability. Methods: To build lists, frequent, familiar and difficult in terms of cognitive (cohort size of above three) words were used to construct unpredictable sentences. After determining the content and face validity, the 30 selected sentences were recorded in the studio by a familiar female speaker. The recorded sentences and prepared four talker babbling noise were combined in Cool Edit software. Then five test lists were conducted in 35, 18-35 year old individuals with normal hearing. The reliability was assessed with the retest after two weeks. Results: The 30 sentences became valid (content and face validity) with the change according to expert judges. The average Signal to noise ratio (SNR) loss of five lists was 0.35 dB. There was no significant difference between men and women in all lists except list 4 (p=0.03). The results indicate no difference in the average SNR loss between five Lists. In reliability assessment test-retest correlation coefficient was 8.0 (p<0.05). Intra-class coefficient (ICC) for lists was statistically significant (p=0.00) and confirmed the lists have reliability and high repeatability. Conclusions: The Developed lists are valid, equivalent and reliable and can be utilized in clinical application.


In order to prolong pollen viability,pollen of 23 Japanese tree peony ( Paeonia suffruticosa Andr.) cultivars were cryopreserved in liquid nitrogen.In vitro germination of both fresh and cryopreserved pollen was examined by the hanging-drop method.The results showed that the germination rate of fresh pollen varied with cultivars,with the highest value (60.89% ) in P.'Shimane Chojuraku'and the smallest (3.49% ) in P.'Shimadaijin'.At room temperature,pollen viability of most cultivars was lost within 15 days,but cryopreservation prolonged pollen viability for at least two years.After two years,cryopreserved pollen still retained a high germination rate,which was even higher than that of fresh pollen in some cultivars.We conclude that cryopreservation is applicable for long-term preservation of pollen of Japanese tree peony.


From the Publisher:
Avoid the grueling, painstaking task of trying to troubleshoot and repair monitor problems without the necessary guide. With the 1999 Computer Monitor Troubleshooting Tips you can confidently tackle day-to-day monitor repair issues on site in a timely, efficient manner without having to leave your work in search of the resource, schematic or tip you need.
Robert Yount and the staff of M. I. Technologies have amassed another year of valuable monitor repair experiences to bring you the 1999 Computer Monitor Troubleshooting Tips. Inside you'll find troubleshooting tips that include more specific detail and instruction, directing your repair efforts with intensive description and step-by-step guidance from point-to-point inside the monitor.
1999 Computer Monitor Troubleshooting Tips Includes:
CD-ROM containing the M. I. Technologies, Inc. 1999 Windows Tech-tips Demo Monitor Repair Database, an ECG cross reference database with versions for Windows and DOS, a catalog directory containing a complete listing of M. I. Technologies, Inc. monitor schematics, a CAP-Wizard (In-Circuit Capacitor Tester), and a Donation Directory suggesting local school support. It also includes free FCC number identification software so you can cross-reference your model information to the original manufacturer and contact information (a $50 value). Over 3500 troubleshooting and repair tips listed by manufacturer name and model number featuring major names such as: Apple Gateway NEC Viewsonic
Acer Goldstar Packard Bell Wang
Compaq Hyundai Samsung WYSE
CTX IBM Shamrock Zenith
Dell Mag-Tech Sony And Many More
Repair procedures for the KD1700 series monitor including FREE schematics and parts list (a $45 value) Overview of how VGA monitors work Overview of monitor EEPROM repair International monitor manufacturer contact listings IBM 3192 and WYSE 30, 50, and 60 terminal schematics
The staff of M. I. Technologies, Inc., located in Troy, Ohio, has over 10 years of experience in the monitor servicing business. As Robert Yount, President of M. I. Technologies, Inc., part owner of Master Repair in Midvale, Utah, and a member of the Rosicrucian Order, says, "We just make it work." You can e-mail them at [email protected] for additional information on their products.


A condensation reaction of 2-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole with 2-pyrrolecarboxaldehyde to form tridentate NNN donor Schiff base has been performed. The prepared Schiff base was further used for the formation of metal complexes having stoichiometry [M(L)2]Xn, where M=Cu(II) or Zn(II), L=N-(2-pyrrolylmethylene)-2-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole, X=SO42−, NO3−, C2O42− or CH3CO2− and n=1 or 2. The new compounds described here have been characterized by their physical, spectral and analytical data, and have been screened against several bacterial strains such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The antibacterial potency of the Schiff base increased upon chelation/complexation, having the same metal ion (cation) but different anions opening up a novel approach in finding new ways to fight against antibiotic resistant strains.


Traditionally, independent component analysis (ICA) as a multivariate statistical process monitoring (MSPM) method has attracted considerable attention due to its excellent ability in analysis of non-Gaussian data sets. However, it may degrade fault detection performance for multimode operating process because of its assumption of one single steady mode. In order to supervise the non-Gaussian process with multiple steady modes more effectively, this paper proposes a process monitoring method based on local entropy independent component analysis (LEICA). This method applies local probability density estimation to remove the effects of multimode characteristics. Furthermore, information entropy theory is used to extract the feature information of process data by calculating their local information entropies. Based on these local entropy data, ICA is applied to establish the local entropy component model for fault detection. Lastly, a numerical example and the Tennessee Eastman (TE) process are used to verify the proposed method and the results demonstrate the superiority of LEICA method. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved


I suppose that nine out of ten musicians, on being asked whom they consider to be the greatest genius in the history of music, would answer "Mozart." Yet, if a random observer were to ask ten people on the street whom they considered to be the greatest, I doubt whether one would give that composer's name. The answer would probably be Handel, Bach, Beethoven or Schubert. Can we draw any significant conclusion from this? Perhaps a personal experience may be of help. During my youth in England I heard all kinds of music-good, bad and indifferent. Gradually I acquired discrimination, and began to realize who, among composers, were the giants and who the smaller fry. The only famous composer about whom I could not make up my mind was Mozart. It was difficult to hear much of his music in England in those days and, apart from the last symphonies and a few performances of Figaro, he was seldom performed. He was virtually unknown until Sir Thomas Beecham started reviving the operas and playing some of the earlier ...


"This paper is presented to the Sloan School of Management to satisfy the requirements of 15.019 taught by Professer Paul MacAvoy."


The model for forecasting the test data on mechanical products is established in the application of the grey system theories. A new formula of the background value is introduced into the model. The result of an example shows the method can reduce test expense and enhancethe precision o f forecasting.