After heart transplantation (HTx), non-adherence to immunosuppressants (IS) is associated with poor outcomes; however, intentional non-adherence (INA) is poorly understood regarding its international variability in prevalence, contributing factors and impact on outcomes. We investigated (1) the prevalence and international variability of INA, (2) patient-level correlates of INA, and (3) relation of INA with clinical outcomes. Secondary analysis of data from the BRIGHT study—an international multi-center, cross-sectional survey examining multi-level factors of adherence in 1,397 adult HTx recipients. INA during the implementation phase, i.e., drug holiday and dose alteration, was measured using the Basel Assessment of Adherence to Immunosuppressive Medications Scale© (BAASIS©). Descriptive and inferential analysis was performed with data retrieved through patient interview, patient self-report and in clinical records. INA prevalence was 3.3% (n = 46/1,397)—drug holidays: 1.7% (n = 24); dose alteration: 1.4% (n = 20); both: 0.1% (n = 2). University-level education (OR = 2.46, CI = 1.04–5.83), insurance not covering IS costs (OR = 2.21, CI = 1.01–4.87) and barriers (OR = 4.90, CI = 2.73–8.80) were significantly associated with INA; however, clinical outcomes were not. Compared to other single-center studies, this sample's INA prevalence was low. More than accessibility or financial concerns, our analyses identified patient-level barriers as INA drivers. Addressing patients' IS-related barriers, should decrease INA.


Studies on diet and lifestyle as triggers for symptoms associated with ulcerative colitis have produced conflicting results. In light of this outcome, guidelines for patients remain unclear. The aim of the present study was to identify symptom triggers in patients with ulcerative colitis. Ethical approval was obtained from The London South Bank Research Ethics Committee. Patients were recruited from the Surrey regional group of the National Association of Colitis and Crohn's UK. A total of twenty-nine patients with a firm diagnosis of ulcerative colitis >5 years and having more than one relapse were recruited. Nine males of mean age 46.2 (range 28–61) years and mean BMI of 25.5 (range 21.4–33.3) kg/m and twenty females of mean age 50.1 (range 27–73) years and mean BMI of 23.8 (range 18.8–35.5) kg/m completed a postal questionnaire on symptoms and triggers of ulcerative colitis.


Homelessness became a specific policy focus in Ireland in 2001
with the adoption of the national policy framework Homelessness: An
Integrated Strategy (HAIS). Previously homelessness had remained (at best) a
secondary concern of Irish social policy, identified only occasionally as a
priority issue in a patchwork quilt of unrelated policy initiatives: some local,
some national, but rarely (if ever) a combination of both. Key to understanding
this was the absence of quality, systematic and programme-based data,
considered vital for effective public policy formulation and implementation in
Ireland. The Homeless Agency Partnership, established under HAIS in Dublin
in 2001, identified this deficit and set out to develop a data and information
strategy to bridge this gap. This paper reviews the challenges and obstacles
to establishing the Homeless Agency's data and information strategy, how
these were tackled over the period, and the resulting changes. Adopting a
critical perspective throughout and taking the phenomenon of homelessness
as its key focus, the paper considers how the relationship between primary
research, and policy making and implementation has changed since 2001.


Purpose – The purpose of the paper is to demonstrate the value of intangible resources and, consequently, the importance of their integration into performance measurement systems applied in the hotel industry.Design/methodology/approach – Based on a thorough literature review, arguments draw on relevant theories in performance measurement in the hotel industry and the concept of intangible resources. Merging these two different concepts reveals new research areas.Findings – The literature review shows that even those integrated performance measurement systems that aim to include non‐financial measures do not necessarily capture intangible resources. Based on this finding, suggestions for extending performance measurement systems are made.Practical implications – This paper has significant implications for hotel managers, as it will allow them to broaden their perspective and include important performance drivers (i.e. intangible resources such as knowledge, motivation and social capital) in their performa...


This paper describes newly developed delay and power monitoring schemes for minimizing power consumption by means of the dynamic control of supply voltage V/sub DD/ and threshold voltage V/sub TH/ in active and standby modes. In the active mode, on the basis of delay monitoring results, either VDD control or VTH control is selected to avoid any oscillation problem between them. In V/sub DD/ control, on the basis of delay monitoring results, VDD is adjusted so as to be maintained at the minimum value at which the chip is able to operate for a given clock frequency. In V/sub TH/ control, on the basis of power monitoring results, VTH is adjusted so as to maintain a certain switching current I/sub SW//leakage current I/sub LEAK/ ratio known to indicate minimum power consumption. In the standby mode, the precision of power monitoring (which detects optimum body bias by comparing subthreshold current I/sub SUBTH/ to substrate current I/sub SUB/) is improved by taking into consideration both the effects of lowering V/sub DD/ and the effects of the presence of gate-oxide leakage current. Experimental results with a 90-nm CMOS device indicate that use of the proposed power monitoring results in the successful minimizing of power consumption. It does so by making it possible to: 1) maintain the I/sub SW//ILEAK ratio in the active mode and 2) detect optimum body bias conditions (I/sub SUBTH/=ISUB) within an error of less than 20% with respect to actual minimum leakage current values in the standby mode.


As a business environment rapidly changes, closer connected activities have been involved in the buyer-supplier relationship. Supply chain management is effective in integrating the production, operational, or strategic activities in buyer-seller relationships. The investigation of supply chain integrated performance aims to efficiently and efficiently satisfies customer needs and enhances customer satisfaction that this is the key element for processing competitive advantage. Knowledge value chain (KVC) is a sequence of intellectual tasks by which knowledge works build their employer's unique competitive advantage and/or social and environmental benefit. KVC will discuss how it enabled the corporation improve and develop the most competitive advantage position. Therefore, in this paper, we use KVC model implemented for supply chain management performance. Firstly, supply chain management and comprehensive supply chain framework are discussed. Secondly, a framework of thinking about knowledge creation and application is processed and evidence of knowledge value chain management is presented through an examination of literature theory citations to practice. Thirdly, we discuses how the KCM and KVC can be used as a tool to assess and inventory organization current KM and propose the KCM and KVC as a framework for understanding KM applications and technologies. Finally, conceptual of knowledge based on supply chain and performance are discussed.


Abstract The present study, part of a larger investigation on remarriage with the ex-spouse, aims to examine the effects of personal values on the reconstruction of a marital relationship with the former spouse. A qualitative study was carried out, where 12 individuals of 12 different couples from Rio de Janeiro's middle classes population, were interviewed - heterosexuals, married to the ex-spouse, with children. The content analysis method was used to analyze the results, and the personal values category and its subcategories, marriage conception and religious beliefs were discussed. Findings indicate that personal values are part of the foundation that underpins the chosen direction for the reconstruction of these relationships. As they followed the paths they chose, the spouses, aware of what they valued most and the investments, reported to feel pleasant sensations, as peace, harmony and security that facilitated this process consolidation.


This study examines the impact of venture capital funding on ventures' product innovation. Building on an assumption that ventures and venture capitalists (VCs) have an aligned interest in ventures...


LiCoO2 is the most studied cathode material for lithium batteries. The doping effect gives a better cycle life in such materials. Apart from the doping effect, the preparation technique also plays an important role. Presently, the layer structured Cu doped LiCoO2 cathode material has been prepared via microwave assisted sol gel route; better cycle life and capacity retention have been attained. It was found that this method could reduce the synthesis time to 30 minutes. The espousal of the microwave method in synthesis could develop a highly efficient, low cost process for synthesis. The surface morphology of the material has been observed using SEM and it is inhomogeneous in nature. The capacity retention is higher than that of pure LiCoO2 material. Compositional analysis was made through EDX. The Cu doped material has a voltage plateau about 4.0V which is obtained from the cyclic voltammetry.


The article presents a historical overview on the development of the Audion, more commonly referred to as the triode for radiocommunications. It reviews the works of Dr. Lee de Forest, the inventor of Audion.


Tumour necrosis factor superfamily (TNFSF) 15 is a novel member of the TNFSF and its mRNA and protein expression is upregulated in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), particularly in Crohn's disease (CD).1,2 Recently, Yamazaki et al performed a large scale case control study using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers and reported that polymorphisms in TNFSF15 conferred susceptibility to CD in both Japanese and UK populations.3 They also suggested a potential association between a Caucasian ulcerative colitis (UC) cohort and TNFSF15 , but this association was not studied in Japanese patients. To investigate this possible association between TNFSF15 and Japanese UC, and to replicate this association with CD in Japanese, we performed a case control association study in Japanese patients …


s and Proceedings: The abstracts, including title, authors, affiliation, mailing address, abstract text, and figures if any, should be submitted by email to email@example.com by Aug. 15, 2017. Each invited speaker is advised to submit a manuscript to be included in the Proceedings of the Workshop, which will be published in the Journal of Advanced Dielectrics (JAD) as a special issue. This manuscript could be submitted on-site or by the online system within TWO months after the Workshop (by Dec. 15, 2017). The instructions for preparation of manuscripts could be found in http://www.worldscientific.com/page/jad/submission-guidelines. Accommodation: Wuhan Laisi International Hotel, No. 259 Zhongbei Road Wuchang District, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China The organizing committee has already booked rooms for each invited speaker. Workshop Location: Wuhan Laisi International Hotel Contact Information: Qingfeng Zhang email@example.com +86-18702796512 Jie Shen email@example.com +86-13317121600 Tatyana Volk email@example.com +7(917)5319974 Tentative Schedule: Oct 12 Oct 13 Oct 14 Oct 15 Morning Registration and Reception Invited Talks and Discussion Invited Talks and Discussion City and Culture Tour Afternoon Invited Talks and Discussion Invited Talks and Discussion Important Dates: Abstract submission deadline: Aug 15 th , 2017 Final announcement: Sep 1 st , 2017 Workshop dates: Oct 12 th 14 th , 2017 Manuscript submission: On site or by Dec 15 th , 2017 Professor Jun-Ming Liu, Nanjing University, China Professor Liu received his doctorate of materials science from Northwestern Polytechnic University in 1989, and then joined Nanjing University as a post-doctor where he was an associate professor of physics from 1992 and a full professor of physics in 1999. Prof. Liu has made seminal contributions to the synthesis and characterization of multiferroic materials and other complex transition metal oxides, and to the understanding of physics of rare-earth manganites with multiferroicity and colossal magnetoresistance. His current research of focus includes the physics of ferroelectrics, magnetoelectric coupling in multiferroic systems, and statistical physics computations. Prof. Liu received several awards including the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars (NSFC) in 1997 and the Chang-Jiang Professorship (MOE, China) in 2004. He is a fellow of American Physical Society (2015). Professor Alexander Sigov, Moscow Technological University (MIREA) , Russia Alexander Sigov is the President of Moscow Technological University (MIREA), Russia, Doctor of Physics, Full Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Professor Sigov (born 1945) has attained a worldwide reputation as a prominent expert in Solid State Physics and Solid State Electronics. During the course of his scientific career he contributed extensively to the phenomenology of magnets, ferroelectrics and multiferroics, physics of ferroic-based heterostructures, thin films, etc. The results of his scientific activity are reflected in more than 300 papers, reviews, book chapters, as well as 15 monographs and textbooks, including the most well-known "Defects and Structural Phase Transitions". For many years he heads the Department of Nanoelectronics in Moscow Technological University. He created his own school and inspiring and mentoring many talented scientists. In 2006 Alexander Sigov was elected a Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences. He is the head of the Russian Academy Council on Dielectrics and Ferroelectrics, member of numerous scientific societies, Associate Editor of Ferroelectrics and Integrated Ferroelectrics, Editor and Board Member of about ten Russian national journals, Chair of the Council on Physics and Astronomy of Russian Foundation for Basic Research. Professor Zuo-Guang Ye, Simon Fraser University, Canada and Xi'an Jiaotong University, China Zuo-Guang Ye received his Ph.D. degree from l'Université de Bordeaux I, France, and did post-doc research at l'Université de Genève, Switzerland. He joined the faculty of Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada, in 1997, and has been a full professor with tenure since 2003. He has served a 5-year term as the chair of the Department of Chemistry and is a funding director of the 4D LABS, an interdisciplinary materials research centre. Ye was named "Info-Tech Oulu Lecturer" at the University of Oulu, Finland (2010, 2014), and is currently a "Qian-Ren Scholar" with the International Centre for Dielectric Research at Xi'an Jiaotong University, China. Ye's research interests include (i) growth and characterization of high-performance piezoand ferroelectric single crystals, (ii) multiferroic and magnetoelectric materials, (iii) lead-free piezoand ferroelectrics, and (iv) relaxor ferroelectricity and its microscopic mechanism. He has been an active contributor to the ONR and DARPA research programs on high-performance piezoelectric single crystals. He has published over 310 peer-reviewed SCI research papers (with over 7700 SCI citations by others and an H-Index of 49, as of June 2017) and 10 review articles and book chapters, and was editor of the book entitled "Handbook of Advanced Dielectric, Piezoelectric and Ferroelectric Materials" (Woodhead Publications Ltd./Elsevier). Professor Tatiana R. Volk, Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography of Federal Scientific Research Centre "Crystallography and Photonics" of Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia Tatiana R. Volk graduated from Moscow State University and received her Ph.D and Docrorate degrees in the Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography of Russian Academy of Sciences (ICRAS), Moscow and has been a full professor since 2002. Now she is the head of the crystal-optics laboratory in ICRAS. T. Volk's interests include: (i) ferroelectricity, with special reference to ferroelectric domains and related problems of optical frequency conversion, (ii) optical memory with an emphasis on photorefraction and related topics, (iii) radiation defects in solids, (iiii) relaxor ferroelectricity, (iiiii) atomic-force microscopy. She has published over 150 papers in peer-reviewed journals, (with over 2500 SCI citations by others and an H-Index of 24, as of June 2017) and 5 review articles and book chapters. She has published in co-authorships two monographs: "Lithium Niobate" by N. V. Sidorov, T. R. Volk, B. N. Mavrin and V. T. Kalinnikov, M., Nauka, 2003 (in Russian), and "Lithium Niobate: Defects, Photorefraction and Ferroelectric Switching" by Tatyana Volk and Manfred Woehlecke, Springer Series in Material Science 115, 2008. Prof. T. Volk is the vice-chairman of the RAS Scientific Council on the Physics of Ferroelectrics and Dielectrics and a member of the European Meeting on Ferroelectricity (EMF) Steering Committee. She has served in the international advisory board of several conferences and symposia on ferroelectricity and related problems. Since many years she is the Chair of the Program Committees of Russian National Conferences on Ferroelectricity. She is a member of the Editorial Board of Ferroelectrics and Integrated Ferroelectrics and several times served as a Guest-Editor of Ferroelectrics. Oct.12, 2017 08:00~23:00 Registration Wuhan Laisi International Hotel 18:00~20:00 Dinner (Buffet) Laisi International Hotel: Cafeteria, (Second Floor) Oct.13, 2017 08:00~08:10 Welcome and Introductory Remarks Prof. Haoshuang Gu Laisi International Hotel: Multifunctional Hall, (Fifth Floor) 08:10~08:20 Welcome and Introductory Remarks Prof. Xi Yao Session Chairs Prof. Zhuo Xu and Prof. Leonid. Korotkov 08:20~09:05 Plenary Session I Complex multiferroicity in GdMn2O5 Prof. Junming Liu Nanjing University 09:05~09:50 Plenary Session II "The validity of the Imry-Ma approach in the systems with defects of the "random local field" type" Prof. Aleksandre. Sigov Moscow Technological University 09:50~10:15 Photo and Coffee Break 10:15~11:00 Plenary Session III Understanding the Structural Origins of High Piezo/ferroelectricity in Complex Perovskite Solid Solutions Prof. Zuoguang Ye Simon Fraser University 11:00~11:45 Plenary Session IV Studies in thin LiNbO3 films by AFM methods Prof. Tatiana. Volk Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography of FSRC "Crystallography and Photonics" RAS 11:45~13:30 Lunch (Buffet) Laisi International Hotel: Cafeteria, (Second Floor) Session Chairs Prof. Junming Liu and Prof. Tatiana. Volk 13:30~14:00 (invited) Soft Mode Condensation in Raman Spectra of (PbLa)(Zr-Sn-Ti)O3 Ceramic Alexander. Vtyurin Kirensky Institute of Physics Federal Research Center KSC of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences 14:00~14:30 (invited) Eletro-optical and nonlinear optical properties of PbTiO3 Based Single Crystals Zhuo Xu Xi'an Jiaotong University 14:30~15:00 (invited) Grand design of novel functional materials and physical properties Xiaolin Wang University of Wollongong 15:00~15:30 (invited) Enhanced piezoelectric properties of KNN-based ceramics: from doping to multiphase co-existed Jianguo Zhu Sichuan University 15:30~16:00 (invited) Mode coupling and formation of the incommensurate structures in PZr1-xTixO3 crystals Sergey Vakhrushev Ioffe Physical Technical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences 16:00~16:10 Coffee break 16:10~16:40 (invited) Investigation of PMN-PT single crystals for medical ultrasonic transducers Haosu Luo Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences 16:40~17:10 (invited) Progress in piezoelectric micromotors and applications Shuxiang Dong Beijing University 17:10~17:40 (invited)Field-induced Phase Transition and Domain Configuration in PMN-PT Single Crystals around MPB Qiang Li Tsinghua University 17:40~18:10 (invited)Multilayered Ceramic Devices Based on Low Temperature Cofired Ceramics (LTCC) Process Zhifu Liu Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences 18:10~20:00 Reception Dinner Laisi International Hotel: No. 3 conference room, (Fifth Floor) Oct.14, 2017 Place Laisi


The joint use of the total electron content TEC and ionosonde data allows solving a number of problems from testing ionospheric models to environmental forecasts, but equatorial regions are worst provided with both ionosondes and GPS receivers, so for these regions the use of global models is of particular importance. For TEC, these are global GIM maps, for foF2 - models such as IRI and IRI-Plas that allow determining TEC as well. This paper uses GIM JPL maps and IZMIRAN data for 9 equatorial stations Ascension Is, Belem, Cocos, Guam, Darwin, Fortaleza, Jicamarca, Niue, Sao Luis. The aim of this work was to assess the interchangeability of TEC and foF2 parameters in determining the state of the ionosphere and to compare the model and experimental values of these parameters including during four disturbances in April 2022. The correlation coefficients $\rho$ between TEC and foF2 exceed 0.9, except three stations with $0.7 < \rho < 0.8$ associated with large scatter of foF2 data. This indicates the interchangeability of the two parameters. The TEC comparison statistics includes a mean error MAE of 14.3 TECU for the IRI model and 9 TECU for the IRI-Plas model, with RMSE values of 17.2 TECU and 11.7 TECU, corresponding to NRMSE values of 42.8 % and 29.6 %. For foF2, the mean MAE error was 1.33 MHz for the IRI and IRI-Plas models and 0.96 MHz for the IRI-Plas model adapted to the observational TEC values. The RMSE values for these three options were 1.63 MHz, 1.65 MHz, and 1.12 MHz, corresponding to NRMSE values of 17.7 %, 18 %, and 12.3 %. The main conclusion is that the use of the global GIM maps and the adapted IRI-Plas model is an acceptable option for determining the ionospheric parameters in equatorial regions not only in quiet conditions, but also in periods of disturbances.


1、 Introduction ELT must keep pace with the information times,so we' d better integrate the educational technology into ELT.As video is a medium of teaching, By means of combing audios,visuals,sounds and images,so nowadays almost every institution in china provides its students with the opportunity to watch English videos in the belief that video is an effective means of improving students' language proficiency.While this belief may be justifiable theoretically, it could hardly obtain strong support from actual practice.


Fungi have been reported to be active producers of secondary metabolites. In this study, a fungal isolate (Aspergillus
sp) isolated from soil has been evaluated for its antimicrobial activity. The activity..


The composite sequence transformation is introduced at first by C.Brezinski in 1985. It is very useful in accelerating the convergence of sequence. The covergence acceleration for limit periodic continued fraction can be made by accelerating convergence facter. The aim of this paper is to study the acceleration of limit peroidic continued fraction by the composite sequence transformation. The results of convergence and convergence acceleration are obtained. In the same time, Aitken Δ 2-process for the composite sequence is introduced, some results are obtained too.


Objectives Although low birthweight is associated with elevated blood pressure (BP) levels, whether the strength of this relationship is amplified with age is still debated. This study tested the hypothesis that the magnitude of the birthweight–BP association increases with age from childhood to adulthood. Methods The study cohort included 6251 individuals (64.5% whites and 35.6% blacks, 50.0% males) enrolled in the Bogalusa Heart Study. Individuals were examined 1–15 times for BP from childhood to adulthood, with 24 363 observations. Information on birthweight and gestational age was obtained from Louisiana State birth certificates. Results After adjusting for race, sex, age and gestational age, low birthweight (kg) was associated with higher SBP levels (mmHg) in adolescence (aged 12–17 years, regression coefficient β = −0.80, P = 0.004) and adulthood (aged 18–50 years, β = −1.34, P = 0.010). Adjustment for current BMI yielded considerably stronger association. Importantly, the magnitude of the birthweight–SBP relationship, measured as standardized β(unit = SD), was significantly amplified with increasing age, regardless of adjustment for current BMI and race. Further, the strengthened association (the increase in standardized β ranging 0.02–0.12) by adjustment for current BMI was closely related to the BMI–SBP and birthweight–BMI correlations, especially noted in childhood. Conclusion These findings on the potentiating effect of increasing age on the birthweight–BP relationship suggest that the fetal programming and the increasing cumulative burden with age of unhealthy lifestyle behaviors affect the development of adult hypertension in a synergistic manner.


This article demonstrates that settlement houses at the turn of the century were particularly important and vibrant legal sites, in which women settlement workers played groundbreaking and multiple legal roles. Settlement houses provided a geographical and intellectual space where diverse legal actors participated in analyzing, examining, discussing, popularizing, and reforming law. Through experimentation and confrontation with the lived reality and everyday lives of the poor, settlement workers participated in the creation and practice of sociological jurisprudence. By exploring the specific legal work that settlement workers performed and the legal services that they provided, we can see that under the rubric of philanthropy and social work, women settlement workers were actually practicing law and engaging in a type of jurisprudence which was deeply grounded in the daily life of the home and neighborhood. Simultaneously, however, settlement workers, using the law and state power, engaged in social control often putting immigrant women under intense scrutiny. Through this close analysis of the legal work of settlement houses, this article departs from other legal history narratives that understand sociological jurisprudence as arising from the academy and instead argues that it arose from the ground-up.


Adopting chemical activation method,the high specific surface area coal-based activated carbon was prepared from Taixi anthracite by KOH as activator. The influence of the ratio of KOH to carbon,activation temperature and activation time on adsorption properties were emphasized studied. The results show that high specific surface area coal-based activated carbon can be prepared when the ratio of KOH to carbon was 4,activation temperature was 800℃and activation time was 1h,which specific surface area was 3215m2/g,iodine adsorption value was 2884mg/g and methylene blue adsorption value was 548mg/g.


If one replaces the Poisson kernel of a cone by the Poisson a-kernel, then normalized Poisson integrals with respect to the stationary Schrodinger operator converge along approach regions wider than the ordinary nontangential cones. In this paper we present new and simplified proofs of these results. We also generalize the result by Mizuta and Shimomura to the smooth cones.


Vibration processes and corresponding machinery and equipment are widely used in construction, production of construction materials and other industries. Compaction, crushing, separation, piling, dosing and transportation of bulk materials are just several processes where it is expedient to use vibration. The article presents original designs of gravity (drum) mixers with vibration activators placed inside the mixing chamber. A vibration activator is installed in "dead" zones located along the geometrical axis of the mixing chamber where intensity of convective mixing is low. Methods of design of balanced eccentric vibration activators of precessing type are considered. Results of production tests with regard to the industrial design of the gravity vibration mixer are presented. Considerable attention is paid to measurement of the vibration level reflecting the quality of dynamic balancing of the vibration activator. Vibrational impact on the environment and maintenance personnel amounts to ~ 5 m/s2, corresponding to standard values for processing equipment as per GOST 22061-76.


Abstract : This project focused on development of novel derivative free optimization methods that rely on recent techniques and models from statistical learning. The main idea of these methods is to build local models of the objective function from randomly sampled data points. This approach has many benefits, in that it allows us to construct fairly accurate models with relatively small number of samples. The key difference with the deterministic sampling approaches is that these accurate models are constructed with some high probability, but not always. Moreover, it is not known, when these models are accurate. Only the probability of an accurate model occurring is known. Under these conditions, novel convergence theory needed to be developed, which has been the focus of our research.


Editor: Vonesh and Moran, in the last paragraph of their recent published editorial (1), ask for clinical studies to demonstrate the superiority of urea KtN over weekly normalized creatinine clearance in defining adequacy in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialy sis (CAPD) patients. We would like to describe the results of our study which we published a few years ago (2). In this study we found that urea KtN, but not weekly normalized creatinine clearance, defined adequacy in CAPD patients in terms of morbidity and mortality. Indeed, weekly urea KtN values higher than 1.8 were signifi cantly associated with lower mortality. However, various values of normalized creatinine clearance were not related to these parameters. The interest of that series was the preselection of the patients. Only patients on CAPD for more than 3 years were included to avoid the bias present when new patients on CAPD are considered. In fact, in some of these patients, increased mortality is due mainly to associ ated comorbidity than dialysis efficacy. Furthermore, the influence of residual renal function is also important at these early stages. However, patients on CAPD for more than 3 years have a negligible residual kidney function, thus allowing the dose of dialysis to show its effect on survival. Based on our results, we recommend the use of urea KtN instead of normalized creatinine clearance for allowing adequacy in long-term CAPD patients.


This papers presents, the theophylline effects on mitotic division of roots at Capsicum annuum L., and the
growth of plantlets after the treatment. The treatment has induced the decrease of the mitotic index, until total inhibitions
at maxim variant of treatment (0,25% theophylline), and numerous aberations types in anaphases and thelophases.
About the growth of plantles, the treatment has stimulated theirs growth, mostly on theirs roots.


Study on hydrogen generation has been of huge interest due to increasing demand for new energy sources. Photoelectrochemical reaction by catalysts was proposed as a promising technique for hydrogen generation. Herein, we report the hydrogen generation via photoelectrochecmial reaction using films of exfoliated 2-dimensional (2D) MoS2, which acts as an efficient photocatalyst. The film of chemically exfoliated MoS2 layers was employed for water splitting, leading to hydrogen generation. The amount of hydrogen was qualitatively monitored by observing overpressure of a water container. The high photo-current generated by MoS2 film resulted in hydrogen evolution. Our work shows that 2D MoS2 is one of the promising candidates as a photocatalyst for light-induced hydrogen generation. High photoelectrocatalytic efficiency of the 2D MoS2 shows a new way toward hydrogen generation, which is one of the renewable energy sources. The efficient photoelectrocatalytic property of the 2D MoS2 is possibly due to availabil...


In India, while contribution of agriculture to GDP has been declining, agriculture still remains mainstay of the rural economy by employing almost half of the population. However, the gap between job seekers in rural areas and employment opportunities in agriculture has been widening and non-farm sector has become an increasingly important source of livelihood. This paper analyses rural diversification across States in rural India, factors responsible for non-agricultural employment, and identifies industries within rural non-farm sector which are generating employment opportunities. Further, paper also looks into role of agriculture in rural diversification. This study is based on Employment and Unemployment Survey (National sample Survey Organization) for the years 1999-2000 & 2011-12, and All India Debt & Investment Survey (National sample Survey Organization) for the years 2002-3 & 2012-13. The broad story that emerged from this analysis is that of a significant shift towards non-farm employment in rural areas, and this shift happened predominantly among economically weaker sections of the rural society. Access to land was an important determinant in this process of rural employment diversification.


Overheating in the equipment and conductors can be primarily caused by harmonics in power systems. Decrease of harmonics is considered necessary, especially when capacitor banks exist. Using a detuned harmonic filter is a traditional solution. Current limiting reactors (CLR) can be an economical solution to damp harmonic pollution if installed in the optimal location. In this paper, power system studies, including: load flow, motor starting, and short circuit, are performed when placing CLR in different locations, to find the optimal location. Similarly, limitation of using CLR and costs are discussed. The study suggests CLR to reduce harmonic pollution, while detuned filters are used in case the CLR fails to satisfy the voltage regulation aspects of the network.


In this article, we consider software-defined wireless sensor networks (SDWSNs) and propose a scheme for sleep scheduling with low control overhead-based flow-entry in flow-table to overcome the limitation of control traffic in SDWSNs.


Sol–gel films of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS), phenyltriethoxysilane (PTES) and phenyltrimethoxysilane (PTMS) were prepared on aluminium and aluminium alloy AA7075 and characterised. The corrosion inhibition properties of uncoated and coated specimens were evaluated with potentiodynamic polarisation scan, linear polarisation resistance and open circuit potential measurements. With scanning electron microscopy and optical microscopy effects of the sol–gel coating were shown. Weight loss measurements were performed at different pH‐values. More hydrophobic coatings as PTMS show a considerably better corrosion inhibition capacity as compared to the capacity provided by less hydrophobic ones as TEOS and PTES.


This tutorial describes single-subject experimental design (SSED) as it pertains to clinical education and supervision in the communication sciences and disorders professions. Similarities between everyday clinical practice, supervision, and SSED are highlighted, essential elements of SSED are described, five types of SSED are detailed, example research topics in supervision are proposed, and additional resources for further study are suggested.

 SSED is a feasible research method for busy professionals and provides promise for honing and developing evidence-based practices related to clinical education and supervision. Clinical educators and supervisors are encouraged to consider conducting SSED as part of their interactions with students, supervisees, and mentees in order to contribute to and strengthen understanding of effective clinical education and supervisory practices in speech-language pathology.


Consider a Bertrand competition between firms which produce substitute goods and face demand uncertainty. On the demand side there are many consumers with a common value and a unit demand. Consumers arrive sequentially and each receives a private signal regarding the identity of the superior product. Will such markets aggregate information? Will the superior firm necessarily prevail? To study this we adapt the classical social learning and herding models by introducing strategic dynamic pricing. In this setting we provide necessary and sufficient conditions over the signal distribution that guarantee information aggregation and learning. Similar to the classical model, unbounded signals guarantee learning. However, in contrast with previous results, learning can also occur when signals are bounded. This happens when signals exhibit a property we refer to as "Vanishing Likelihood", previously not discussed in the literature.


44. Freedland SJ, Aronson WJ, Kane CJ et al: Impact of obesity on biochemical control after radical prostatectomy for clinically localized prostate cancer: a report by the Shared Equal Access Regional Cancer Hospital database study group. J Clin Oncol 2004; 22: 446. 45. Gild P, Ehdaie B and Kluth LA: Effect of obesity on bladder cancer and renal cell carcinoma incidence and survival. Curr Opin Urol 2017; 27: 409.


After the big earthquake in Wenchuan,children suffered from this heavy disaster in social development and corresponding mental problems appeared,including losing of security feeling,emotional depressing and inhospitality,psychological and behavioral handicap,spiritual collapse and even suicidal tendency. To help these badly-wounded children recover rapidly,corresponding measures was presented in this paper,and these measures were setting up their safely reliable relations rapidly,making them integrated in the children community,using artistic treatment,training correlative knowledge,establishing psychologically healthy file,tracking personal observation and giving suitable guidance etc.


Abstract : Electrode surface desorption and photoionization by an intense XUV pulse has been shown to dramatically Improve a vacuum diode impedance history. The 6- Terawatt Applied-B ion diode experiment on PBFA I is limited by a delay in both diode and ion current initiation. The insulation magnetic field impedes electron crossings which are believed to aid the ion source initiation. The diode is therefore initially a severe overmatch to the accelerator 40-nsec, 2.2-MV, 0.5-ohm pulse. The diode current increases during the pulse, leading to a rapidly falling impedance history. 2 The application of an intense (30 to 50-kW/cm) XUV flux from an array of sixteen 60-kA spark sources is found to cause immediate diode current flow, resulting in both a greatly improved impedance history and the prompt initiation of an intense higher power ion beam.


The analysis of human conversations has revealed that the design of interfaces using spoken dialogue must differ radically from those using written communication. Such characteristics as prosody, confirmations, echoes, and other speech phenomena must be considered. This work is a step in that direction. Prosodic, syntactic and semantic information from actual human dialogues has been used to build a turn-taking model empirically for dydadic telephone dialogues. The ability to predict completion of turns has been the biggest motivating factor in the development of this model. The design and evaluation of the model are presented in this report. ... Read complete abstract on page 2.


The present communication reports on a collaboration between ALSTOM Transport and Lulea Technology University, under the sponsorship of Trafikverket, the Swedish Infrastructure Manager.For 2020, th ...


To improve the resolution and reduce computational complexity significantly,a novel method is proposed for reconstructing the 2-D scattering center of radar target in this paper.Researching the frequency scatter model of electromagnetic scattering,we resolve the problem by extracting two 1-D scatter center parameter instead of extracting directly 2-D scatter center parameters.The 1-D scattering center in range dimension and cross dimension is estimated separately by conjugate unitary Root-MUSIC algorithm,and grouped to attain all possible spatial frequency pairs.Then the unveracious frequency pairs are eliminated by spatial matching filtering,and the 2-D scattering center parameters are obtained.Theory analysis and simulation result show that the new approach can improve the resolution and significantly reduce computational complexity.


The aim of this study was to investigate the knowledge and utilization of assisted reproductive technology (ART) among women in Obio/Akpor Local Government Area in Rivers State. A descriptive survey design was adopted as the research design for this study, with a population comprising all the 237,647 women of reproductive age in Obio/Akpor Local Government Area. A multi stage sampling procedure was used to select a sample size of 438 women for the study. A structured questionnaire with a reliability index of k0.75 was used for data collection. Data was analyzed using frequency, percentage, Pearson's correlation, Chi-square, and binary logistic regression for relevant variables. The findings of the study revealed that the level of knowledge on ART among women was high (71.9%) whereas the level of utilization was low (18.2%). The findings of the study show that educational status was significant related with ART (p<0.05) and utilization ART (p<0.05). It was concluded that the level of knowledge on ART among women was high while the level of utilization was low. Therefore, special health facilities should be built by the Government Areas for easy access and use.


As we plunge forward into the information age, new technologies for manipulating information are being widely developed. These advances allow names, purchasing trends, and other personal facts to be almost effortlessly transferred and traded in a relatively unregulated electronic marketplace. Along with the advantages of this free flow of information comes a loss to privacy as ever-increasing databases of personal information are traded in this new information arena. The regulation of this trade requires the balancing of the First Amendment ideal of free speech, the protections of privacy law, and rights guaranteed through intellectual property law. The tension these conflicting rights create is becoming a new battleground for legal academics and the legal system. Who Owns Information? From Privacy to Public Access attempts to identify and describe the current legal status of a number of information issues which have both privacy and property interests at stake. The book starts by stating the general proposition that there has been a transition in our society where information "has passed from being an instrument through which we acquire and manage other ~sets to being a primary asset itself" (p. 1). A series of case studies is then provided which help to illuminate both specific problems and their current treatment within the legal system. The book is written primarily for the lay person with an interest in information technologies and legal issues and requires no technical background in either of these areas. While this focus does make the book more accessible, it unfortunately prevents a deep exploration into issues that might be of interest to a professional. A foundation is developed


A compact set E C Rn is called sub-self-similar if E C UTI Si(E), where the Si are similarity transfunctions. We consider various examples and constructions of such sets and obtain formulae for their Hausdorff and box dimensions, generalising those for self-similar sets.


Abstract: This study aimed to make the poststructural analysis of Hemingway's A Farewell to Arms with the help Derrida's concept of Differance. The study found that there is a complete disparity between the meaning that these characters try to convey and the one that the contextual analysis of their discourse establishes when viewed through the spectrum of differance. The findings lead to the conclusion that for real happiness in life one must establish genuinely sympathetic and empathic relations with other. Only love and compassion can make life meaningful. It is an individual's responsibility to explore his or her choices and opt for them bravely. To get rid of the absurdity of life one must make drastic decision and daring use of options available to one, otherwise the coercive structure of the society will crush their individuality.


The purpose of this study was to determine the predictive emotional intelligence (EI) phenomenon in relation to academic achievement using business undergraduate students at a large established premier institution in Malaysia. Selected biographical variables were also investigated to determine its variance against EI components. The results are part of an ongoing study. The results of standard multiple regression provided a good indication of collinearity tolerance showing an acceptable level of shared variance among EI competencies. Out of 12 EI constructs, the regression model revealed that beta values for four domains (stress management, time management, drive strength and commitment ethic) were found to be statistically significant as predictors of academic achievement. The F-test results showed that for certain biographical factors, such as age, gender and programme major, EI mean scores varied and hence rendered marginal significant support for the testable propositions. Significant correlations were also found between EI variables, age and gender.


The desire to study the topic of effective teacher dispositions began about 20 years ago and has now led to the completion of this study. It is evident for everyone who either has gone through school or has had children go through school that an effective teacher can have a tremendous influence on how we function in school and even how much we believe in ourselves. Research has shown effective teachers possess certain dispositions. These dispositions reflect their character through values, beliefs, and behaviors. The impact to which these dispositions have on student learning is a topic in need of further research. I desired to gain the perspectives of undergraduate students on effective teacher dispositions using an adaptation of Tripod's Seven Cs student survey. The purpose of gaining their perspectives was to determine if there were differences between at-risk students and not-at-risk students' perceptions of effective teacher dispositions. The achievement gap between underrepresented students and their peers is one of the most prevalent aspects in modern education. Data dating back more than four decades shows the consistent discrepancy of student test scores in math and reading between at-risk students and not-at-risk students (National Assessment of Educational Progress, 2016). Determining how students perceive effective teacher dispositions may give insight on how to better prepare educators to teach all students successfully. Albeit, this study did not provide data that showed any difference between the undergraduate participants' perceptions of effective teachers based on their status of being at-risk or not-at-risk. The Seven Cs student survey did provide data on the consistency of the scale used for the Seven Cs items. Student voice, when collected in its entirety, is a strong predictor of effective teaching and is a resource needing further research.


Water vapor profile measurements obtained in the western and central Pacific during the Central Equatorial Pacific Experiment (CEPEX) show a strong connection between the water vapor content near the tropopause and areas of deep convection. We show that air ascending within deep convective towers can be dried to mixing ratios below 1 part per million by volume (ppmv), which is much lower than the average mixing ratio observed in the stratosphere. A sharp increase of water vapor mixing ratio above the tropopause is an indication of the evaporation of ice particles at the top of deep convective cells. A mixed layer of up to around 1 km thickness above the tropopause in the regions of deep convection is indicated by the vertical profiles of ozone, water vapor, and potential temperature. Furthermore, a local maximum was observed at 20 km, which is an indication for the seasonal cycle of the tropopause temperature.


In various scientific articles and books it is stated that one of the things that midwives and obstetricians fear most during a birth is the occurrence of a shoulder dystocia. This statement is, however, rarely supported by research. The purpose of this study was to explore the attitude of Icelandic midwives towards shoulder dystocia, built on their own knowledge and experience. It is a qualitative research based on focus group interviews. Participants in the study were 17 midwives and one midwifery student. Participants were chosen with a convenience sampling and were split into three groups. Each group was interviewed once. Phenomenological and ethnographical approaches were used when conducting and analysing the interviews. Three main themes with subthemes were identified: Safety, cooperation, trust; Knowledge – professional experience, "a step ahead"; Difficult experience "your soul suffers as a result". The midwives' narratives show professional knowledge about interventions needed in handling shoulder dystocia and the importance of trust and connection with the woman giving birth. Furthermore, they emphasised the need for interdisciplinary cooperation and that their own knowledge and work experience would be recognised. They have experienced difficulty and trauma in their professional practice and seek to find ways to gain the strength to carry on their work. Based on the results the conclusion can be drawn that a psychosocial team is needed to support midwives that have experienced trauma in their work and help them work through the experience. Furthermore, the frequency of shoulder dystocia needs to be better documented as presently the official number in Iceland is not available. Additionally, the results show that shoulder dystocia


The efficacy of low‐dose oral isotretinoin in the treatment of seborrhea and seborrheic dermatitis has been poorly investigated in randomized studies.


More than seven in 10 senior paediatricians fear that staff shortages and working time regulation constraints will leave their services unable to cope with demand, a survey by the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health has found.1

The annual survey—the fourth consecutive study of its kind by the college—was completed by 180 clinical directors and clinical leads of general paediatric and neonatal units in 2012, representing 82% of all eligible units in the United Kingdom.

Overall, one in five (19.8%) clinical directors said they were "very" concerned that their service would …


This article discusses the experience that the city of Gastonia (North Carolina) Water Supply and Treatment Division (WSTD) had when it started using Hach's Water Information Management Solution (WIMS) to save energy and run the plant more efficiently. In addition, the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) has designated the plant as ISO 14001‐certified, a classification that addresses various aspects of environmental management and requires additional data collection and reporting. The new information management program has helped operators, division managers, and even city council members ‐ all of whom depend on easily accessible data to make budgets and predict the availability of resources.


This article reflects the biography of a Valencian musician, pianist, composer and above all musical pedagogue, who lived from the middle of the 19th century until the beginning of the 20th, which is a great unknown in Valencia, not mention in Spain, even in his hometown (Massanassa) you know, and however it was an important educator of the time, he contributed to the musical education with numerous Publications the creation of the Municipal Music Schools and the teaching of this art in the Schools of Craftsmen of Valencia


IN JUNE 1936 newspapers across the USSR published the draft of the new constitution-what would become known as the 'Stalin Constitution'. Following the publication of the draft, newspapers began to publish articles and readers' letters about the constitution under the rubric of 'the national discussion of the draft constitution'. This study's purpose is to examine the national discussion and, in particular, to look at the differences in editorial lines at three major national newspapers: Izvestiya, the official state newspaper under the editorship of Nikolai Bukharin; Pravda, the official Communist Party newspaper under the editorship of L. Z. Mekhlis; and Trud, the organ of the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions under the editorship of David Gr. Tumarkin and S. A. Vesker. While Pravda and Trud coverage of the national discussion emphasised the draft's positive aspects and included occasional criticisms of the handling of the national discussion, the Izvestiya editorial line was consistently and openly critical of the way in which local soviet officials handled both the national discussion and their other duties. This editorial position raises many questions about political conflict within the party in 1935-36, and especially about Bukharin's editorial policy, his political intentions and his activities in the 1930s.


Report context evaluating effectiveness in land use planning the adapted balance sheet method using the adapted balance sheet assessing the new approach - conclusions and recommendations.


By 1950, Heinrich Herzog was back in Switzerland and before too long landed up in Basel – where he was to stay for good. Here he met his future wife, Dorothea Christ, a young and highly motivated historian of the fine arts, who throughout her life was involved in museums and the Staatsarchiv in Basel. They got married in 1951. Unfortunately their wish to have children was not fulfilled. They spent almost 60 years together in wonderful harmony, until Dorothea died in August 2009. Professor Herzog's academic career centered around the Bürgerspital (later Kantonsspital), i.e. the Basel University Medical School, which was his 'home' from now on. His mentor, Professor Hans Straub, was quick to sense the abilities of his new coworker. In 1959, Professor Herzog was appointed a 'Privatdozent' (Associate Professor), and in 1960 the running of the Lung Division was entrusted to him. After a short but demanding training in bronchology (Paris) he became Professor of Medicine in 1963. From this point on, there was an almost never-ending influx of young colleagues looking for a teacher with a record of high qualities in scientific achievement, lecturing, training skills and with a good sense of humour. In the ensuing years, quite a few of his former students could be found in leading positions at university clinics and hospitals in Germany, Switzerland and Austria. Over and above his merit as a scientist, clinician and teacher, he impressed me with his virtues that sprang from his wisdom, cheerfulness and empathy and made him a caring physician, who was the 'best friend' of his patients. He anticipated intuitively everything that is said and published nowadays on the practise of medical ethics. Respiration has the sad duty to inform its readers about the death of the founder and mentor of this journal: Professor Dr. Heinrich Herzog-Christ died in his 95th year on December 18, 2014. Heinrich Herzog was born in 1920 and grew up in Zollikon on the shores of the Lake Zurich, then a village close to the City of Zurich, where he graduated in medicine. Doing his military service while still a student, he contracted pleurisy, and when nasty complications arose, he was sent to a sanatorium in Davos. This chance encounter with a 'Lungenheilstätte' (lung clinic) laid the path along which his scientific career was later to develop: he published an investigation on the X-ray appearance of the hilar region. The Swiss National Society of Radiology awarded him a prize for this paper which was also to serve as his doctoral thesis. The young physician was keen to spread his wings and began to explore the scientific world of pulmonary research at the time. He began his journey in Geneva and in Chur, but before very long he was spending time in the USA, the UK and France, where he made friends for life with many who were later viewed as part of the scientific elite. Professor Paul Sadoul (Nancy, 1914–2011) in France was a close contemporary of Heinrich Herzog, and their lives show a surprising number of parallels. With their own distinct personalities they had at that time a formative influence on the practise of pulmonary medicine: Professor Sadoul promoted (patho-)physiology and research on lung function, while Professor Herzog was drawn to the rapidly evolving clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of pneumology. Published online: February 18, 2015


Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer (LA-ICP-MS) provides quick and simple experimental procedures for multi-elemental analyses of little amount of samples without complex pretreatments or preparation. Two methodologies, which are the mean count rate method (MCRM) and the integrated signal intensity method (ISIM), are compared to obtain the NET signal, which is then incorporated into the equation to obtain chemical concentration. The effects of repetition frequency in laser setting and choice of internal standard, and a detection limit are investigated. The repetition frequency and the choice of internal standard give no significant effect on concentration obtained by LA-ICP-MS. All concentrations by the ISIM show good agreement with the reference values of Pearce et al., (1997). The detection limit of ISIM is one-fifth of that of the MCRM. Therefore, to measure small quantity of radioisotopes, such as U and Th, the ISIM can be the effective method. Introduction Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer (LA-ICP-MS) provides quick and simple experimental procedures for the multi-elemental analyses of little amount of samples without complex pretreatments or preparation. Because of its advantages, the LA-ICPMS has been successfully applied to geochemistry of solid materials (e.g., Jarvis and Williams, 1993, Pickhardt et al., 2005, Spears, 2004, Pearce et al., 1999). The signals are acquired by peak hopping, one point per isotope during each mass spectrometer sweep, producing the timeintensity profile for each analyte (Figure 1). In this study, two methodologies to calculate representative signals of each isotope are compared to obtain chemical concentrations : the mean count rate method and integrated signal intensity method. In the mean count rate method (MCRM, Sci. Rep. Kanazawa Univ. Vol.52, p.27-36, 2008 27


Based on the aerodynamic configuration of New Javelin light antitank missile, a series of wind tunnel experimental model was designed with the component build-up method. Six-component force experiments were conducted for Mach numbers ranging 0.3-0.5 and angles of attack -1°-15°. The experimental results show that, while the wing number increases from four to eight, the experimental configurations are static stabilization and the normal force and normal overload increase more than 40%, but the increase of zero-lift drag is under 5%. The experimental results also indicate that eight wing configuration maybe is the best configuration.


This paper intends to carry out a brief overview of the works and current studies on Cristobal de Castillejo (Ciudad Rodrigo, 1490 - Vienna, 1550). It also provides an outlook on the digital resources and tools available in order to highlight the major problem areas in editing and propose several suggestions for an appropriate critical edition that allows the reader to better understand his works, especially of those ot the anti-aulic type.


Non-intrusive optical techniques have the potential to provide highly accurate quantitative spatial and temporal information in high-pressure, rocket engine-like test articles. Single laser-pulse UV Raman spectroscopic methods can be used in these devices for combustion analysis to aid in the development of advanced rocket engine propellant injectors. Traditional Raman techniques assume an ideal gas law analysis with an independent mechanical pressure measurement to relate measured species number densities to species concentrations and temperature. Alternatively since a molecule's spectral signature is a function of temperature, temperatures can be determined directly by best-fit matching experimental Raman spectra with theoretical spectra. Development of this UV Raman bandshape spectroscopy technique can allow direct temperature measurements without the need for an independent calibration of the Raman system or pressure measurement, which is advantageous in non-uniform flows where the local pressure may vary spatially or not be accurately known. Thus, the impetus of this work is to apply the UV Raman bandshape technique to the H2 Stokes vibrational Q -branch Raman spectrum to use as a thermometer for H2-fueled combustion in rocket engine-like test articles.
A detailed simulation program, including molecular kinetic phenomena, has been developed for the H2 Stokes vibrational Q -branch Raman spectrum. Raman derived temperatures are determined from parameter estimation methods based on signal-to-noise (S/N) weighted non-linear least-squares fitting of the experimental Raman spectra with theoretical spectra. Uncertainties in the Raman-derived measurements are then estimated from the parameter error estimates (goodness-of-fit criteria) and Monte-Carlo simulations based on the experimentally determined data error structure with variances estimated from S/N levels for the measured signal intensities. To demonstrate the technique, Raman temperature measurements are performed in heated dilute-H2/N2 mixtures and steady laminar rich H2-air flames at atmospheric pressure. The Raman temperatures are compared to thermocouple measured temperatures and calculated adiabatic flame temperatures based on measured mass-flow rates. Time-averaged and single-pulse Raman measured temperatures are obtained with uncertainties of ∼5, 2, and 8% for the corresponding temperatures of 295, 1050, and 2190K. Finally, an attempt is made to apply the Raman bandshape technique during hot-fire testing of a high-pressure (∼1800psi) rocket engine-like test article consisting of a multi-element liquid-H2/liquid-O2 injector operating at a low oxidizer/fuel mixture ratio (∼0.66) to simulate an advanced rocket engine preburner.


As described above, an x-ray emitting device and a method for a radiology device comprises a cathode (30) and a rotating anode (31), wherein the anode (31) having a roughly cylindrical surface (49) is provided. The device forms an electron beam (50) which bombards a portion of the roughly cylindrical surface of the anode, which forms the focal point of the X-ray emission. The position of the focal point (51) of the anode (31) to a reference position is dynamically controlled relatively.


In the present work, various non-equilibrium processing techniques have been attempted to increase the ionic conductivity of PEO-LiClO4 solid electrolytes: high-energy ball milling, rapid quenching and the addtion of multi-wall nanotubes to the PEO-LiClO4 electrolytes. Both high-energy ball milling and rapid quenching increased the ionic conductivity by promoting amorphization. The addition of uniformly dispersed carbon nanotubes to the PEO-LiClO4 also influences the crystalline kinetics of the PEO-LiClO4, thereby improving markedly ionic conductivity. This improved conductivity is attributed to an enhanced amorphization by a local change of PEO chains from crystalline to disordered arrangement.


MATLAB which is a high-performance language for technical computing is an excellent integration of computation, visualization, and natural programming syntax. Its user-friendly environment makes it highly usable among students and researchers working in different areas of academic persona. This book is specially designed for students and researchers who want a real understanding of Matlab and Computational Intelligence using Matlab Programming. The main features of this book are - It presents basic elements that need to be understood to become a programmer in Matlab, - It addresses various Matlab programming syntax using user-friendly examples, - It focuses on graph plotting and visualization in Matlab in a way that is easy to understand and implement and - It discusses in details two Computational algorithms – Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) in detail. Both algorithms are first discussed and then implemented so that user actually knows how to apply GA and PSO to their research problems. The matter for this book was primarily collected from the authors several years of work in Matlab, GA, and PSO. The book contains numerous solved examples.


A method for 3D printing includes printing a first metallic material on a substrate as a support structure (48). A second metallic material, which is less anodic than the first metallic material, is printed on the substrate as a target structure (46), in contact with the support structure. The support structure is chemically removed from the target structure by applying a galvanic effect to selectively corrode the first metallic material.


Scythian sedimentary rocks exposed at Strmica and Plavno near Knin represent storm-generated deposits in inner (Lower Scythian) and outer (Upper Scythian) shelf settings. The Lower Scythian is represented by Siliciclastic facies which consists of two subfacies components - thin-bedded shale-siltstone-sandstone alternations attached to the distal part of the inner shelf, and a thick-bedded sandstone-oolite subfacies attached either to the proximal part of the inner shelf or to the shoreface. Repetitive alternation of these two subfacies which form the Siliciclastic facies is interpreted as high frequency sedimentary cycles possibly related to high-frequency sea-level changes which in turn induced wave-base oscillations. This is observed as a rapid introduction of high energy proximal inner shelf or shoreface deposits into a muddy, distal part of the inner shelf environment. Upper Scythian sedimentary rocks are lime mudstones with marls in the Mud facies, and with marls and calcarenaceous siltstones in the Siltstone-mudstone facies. No obvious cyclic periodicity was observed within these two facies except the random occurence of punctuated storm layers with basal skeletal lag (Mud facies) and silty material input in normally mud dominated outer shelf sedimentary rocks (Siltstone - mudstone facies). According to the facies characteristics the Lower Triassic succession near Knin is interpreted as a consequence of a low-term, possibly third-order sea level rise compared to the global sea level rise during the Scythian.


Today many healthy pregnant women participate in exercise. Most attempt to continue the type of exercise they performed before pregnancy, perhaps at a lower level of intensity and to the point of personal comfort. Exercise guidelines set by physicians and scientists are continuously re-evaluated to establish the safest limits according to the available literature. Temperature regulation during exercise has been a subject that has drawn considerable attention since a number of animal studies have linked hyperthermia to congenital malformations of the fetus. Great increases in temperature induced by exercise and adverse environmental conditions have often caused deleterious and even fatal consequences to nonpregnant individuals. Pregnant women and their fetuses are not excluded from the deleterious effects of extreme heat exposure. Due to ethical constrains, no direct studies inducing extreme increases in core temperature by exercise have been performed on pregnant women. Animal studies indirectly have implied that exposure of pregnant women to conditions that elevate core temperature could be detrimental to fetal well-being. Data derived from animal studies have been cautiously extrapolated to humans, and exercise that could rise temperature to unsafe levels is contraindicated. Temperature regulation also encompasses cold exposure. Research on the subject is limited since no malformations have been reported, and hypothermia in response to exercise in pregnancy would possibly apply to very extreme and individual cases. The aim of this study is to delineate the exact impact of exercise-induced heat upon pregnancy and to provide the clinician with the information needed to prescribe the correct type and amount of exercise in an attempt to prevent hyperthermia.


Tourists to foster the sense of low carbon of low carbon tourism plays a very important role,low carbon education system as a scenic spot foster tourists low carbon the subject of consciousness is the building of low carbon scenic spot an important part.This paper,from the analysis of the present low carbon consciousness of the tourists,based on comprehensive consideration of the scenic spot low carbon education system construction of factors,from the scenic area of low carbon prompt system,low carbon interpretation system,low carbon product design aspects such as construction of scenic spot low carbon education system,so as to create a low carbon scenic area to provide support,and also to improve the awareness of low carbon tourists to provide support.


Since October 2010, JAMSTEC has developed two autonomous uderwater vehicles (AUVs); a cruising-AUV "Jinbei" and a working-AUV "Otohime" (Fig.1). Their major purposes are to observe underwater CO2 distribution around carbon dioxide capture and storage field, and to explore seabed mineral resources in Japan's EEZ. The cruising-AUV performs wide area survey with sonars and chemical sensors. According to the survey results, the working-AUV "Otohime" accesses feature points and observes seafloor in detail, with its chemical sensors, cameras, and a manipulator. In this paper, we introduce the newly developed AUV "Otohime" and its sea trials at Sagami Bay. Through two dives at the depth of 80-120m for total 3 hours operation, we verified the performance of the overall hardware/software systems.


This article is dedicated to the comparative analysis of English and Chuvash verbs of intensive movements that comprise a separate lexical-semantic group in these languages. Relevance of this work is defined by the fact that there are relatively small amount of research on the comparative examination of verbs of movement in English and Chuvash languages, although they refer to one of the richest and diverse semantic groups within the verb as part of speech. An attempt is made to analyzes the words attributed to lexical-semantic group of intensive movement of a subject in space, establish semantic relations between the indicated units. The applied interlinguistic method allowed revealing a number of common and distinct features that are not evident in intralinguistic analysis. The scientific novelty consists in the fact that systemic examination of the group of verbs of intensive movement, which are united semantically, was conducted by comparison of linguistic means of multi-structural languages, namely English and Chuvash. The authors assume that the acquires results would contribute to better command of foreign languages, as well as more in-depth and comprehensive studying of the native language, as well as provide essential material for literary translation, formation and development of speech culture.


A SATISFACTORY blood or plasma substitute, for use in the treatment of hmemorrhage and shock, must have certain physical. properties resembling those of plasma, and must be innocuous to the recipient. The essential physical property is a suitable colloid osmotic (oncotic) pressure. This must be provided by a colloid of such molecule size and structure that (1) the oncotic pressure is similar to that due to the plasma proteins, and (2) its rate of loss from the blood stream approximates the rate of regeneration of the recipient 's plasma proteins. It would also appear desirable that the viscosity and hydrion concentration of the substitute be similar to those of plasma or blood, and that the contained colloid be metabolized or excret&d rather than stored in the body. The harmful effects to be avoided include the production of fever or anaphylactic reactions on injection, vasodilator effects, and tissue or metabolic injury. In addition to the above biological requirements, the component materials should be reasonably priced, and easily available; the mixture should be easily prepared with standard effectiveness; and there should be no deterioration on storage or on sterilization. The following experiments were carried out regarding the suitability of a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as the required colloid. Rather small numbers of cases were studied in some series, as the experiments were intended to be exploratory rather than exhaustively conclusive. Further experiments have been carried out by other workers, following a report of our findings


Background: The lack of ergonomic aspects during working might cause health problems, including fatigue, muscle pain, and vascular disorders. Nurses are included in the category due to the activities that involve patient caring, which be conducted repeatedly, namely patients' transfer and reposition, working in an awkward position, and pushing and pulling the heavy load. The study aims to understand the association between a working position and musculoskeletal complaints among emergency nurses. Methods: The research was using a correlative descriptive method with the cross-sectional approach. The study involves 63 emergency nurses working at hospitals in Tuban, East Java. The data was collected using the Nordic Body Map Questionnaire to know the musculoskeletal complaints. The data were analyzed using the Chi-Square test. Results: 50.8 % of respondents have a high risk of work in an unergonomic position. 44.4 % of the respondents have high musculoskeletal complaints. There is an association between emergency nurses' workload and the musculoskeletal complaints (P=0.000). Conclusion: Emergency nurses are needed to improve their knowledge about the ergonomic working position to avoid musculoskeletal issues.


Let $f$ be a meromorphic function on the complex plane $\mathbb C$ with the maximum function of its modulus $M(r,f)$ on circles centered at zero of radius $r$. A number of classical, well-known and widely used results allow us to estimate from above the integrals of the positive part of the logarithm $\ln^+M(t,f)$ over subsets of $E\subset [0,r]$ via the Nevanlinna characteristic $T(r,f)$ and the linear Lebesgue measure of the set $E$. The paper gives similar estimates for the Lebesgue-Stieltjes integrals of $\ln^+M (t,f)$ over the increasing integration function of $m$. The main part of the presentation is conducted immediately for the differences of subharmonic functions on closed discs with the center at zero, i.e, $\delta$-subharmonic functions. The only condition in the main theorem is the Dini condition for the modulus of continuity of the integration function $m$. This condition is, in a sense, necessary. Thus, the first part of the work to a certain extent completes in a general form the research on the upper estimates of the integrals of the radial maximum growth characteristics of arbitrary meromorphic and $\delta$-subharmonic functions through the Nevanlinna characteristic with its versions and through the characteristics of the integration function $m$.


BACKGROUND
Due to the development of insecticide resistance in mosquitoes, the worldwide mosquito-borne diseases resurgence in recent years, recent advances in proteome technology has facilitated a proteome wide analysis of insecticide resistance-associated proteins in mosquitoes. Understanding the complexity of the molecular basis of insecticide resistance mechanisms employed by mosquitoes will help in designing the most effective and sustainable mosquitoes control methods.

RESULTS
After thirty generations, insecticide-selected strains showed elevated resistance levels to the cypermethrin used for selection. Proteome data allowed detecting 2892 proteins, of which 2885 differentially expressed proteins achieved quantitative significances in four stages (egg, larvae, pupae, adult) of Culex pipiens pallens cypermethrin-resistant as compared to the susceptible strain. Among them, a significant enrichment of proteins, including cuticular proteins, enzymes involved in the detoxification (cytochrome P450, glutathione S-transferases, esterase, ATP-binding cassette), and some biological pathways (oxidative phosphorylation, hippo signalling) that are potentially involved in cypermethrin resistance was observed. Thirty-one representative differentially expressed proteins (cytochrome P450, Glutathione S-transferase, cuticle protein) during Culex pipiens pallens developmental stages were confirmed by a parallel reaction monitoring strategy.

CONCLUSIONS
The present study confirmed the power of iTRAQ for identifying concomitantly quantitative proteome changes associated with cypermethrin in Culex pipiens pallens. Proteome analysis suggests that proteome modifications can be selected rapidly by cypermethrin and multiple resistance mechanisms operate simultaneously in cypermethrin-resistant of Culex pipiens pallens, Our results interpret that an upregulated expression of proteins and enzymes like cytochrome P450, glutathione S-transferases, esterase etc that have an impact in insecticide resistance. Previously neglected penetration resistance (cuticular proteins) may play an important role in the adaptive response of Culex pipiens pallens to insecticides. This information may serve as a basis for future work concerning the possible role of these proteins in cypermethrin resistance in mosquito Culex pipiens pallens. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


For a highly nonlinear and nonconvex groundwater management model,the traditional optimization methods are difficult to find the global optimum.Simulated annealing genetic algorithm was used to solve a groundwater management model in this paper and was improved from three aspects to enhance the ability of global optimization and convergence speed:(1) introducing the niche technology,(2) using adaptive crossover probability and mutation probability,and(3) using the elitist strategy during the selection.Penalty function approach was used to handle the constraints.The calculation process was programmed with the Fortran 90.The algorithm was validated with the Schaffer test function.The results show that the algorithm not only has the strong ability of global optimization and local search,but also has a faster convergence speed and high optimization accuracy.The algorithm was applied to groundwater management of a certain study area,and reasonable results were achieved.This paper provides a new idea and new method for solving combinatorial optimization problems such as a water resource management model.The algorithm is highly effective in solving large-scale groundwater management problems.


Make Inductions And Training Of Operation And Maintenance Of Industrial Plants (mining Forestry Aeronautical Production) In a 3d Immersive Virtual Environment First Person. Change the Ppt By the Joystick And Your Notes For the 3d Glasses Playing With the New Way Of Learning.


Objectives: Discharge/Left Against Medical Advice (AMA) is associated with worse outcomes in terms of MACE. There are no descriptions of ACS patients who left AMA in our nation cohorts. The aims of this study is to determine MACE in patients signing DAMA/LAMA and quantifying factors associated with LAMA in ACS patients in our population.
Methodology: An Ambi directional cohort study conducted on a total of n=257 patients from Jan 2014 to Dec 2018 who left AMA from a tertiary care hospital. Background data was collected from hospital electronic database and then patients/attendants were contacted through telephonic calls and email for follow up. Primary and secondary end points were to determine MACE and quantify factors associated with discharge AMA respectively.
Results: A total of n=346 patients signed discharge AMA from Jan 2014 to Dec 2018 out of which n=257 were successfully contacted and shared data after informed verbal consents. Out of 257, 63%(n=163) were men and 36.57%(n=94) were female. Hypertension was the common risk factor in both genders 80%(n=205) followed by DM and family history of premature coronary artery disease. Most common mode of presentation was NSTEMI followed by unstable angina and STEMI. Most common reason of LAMA was financial constraints in 43.1%(n=111) followed by treatment preferences in another setup and code DNR (don't resuscitate). 22.57% patients belonged to low socioeconomic status. Total mortality till date of follow up was 60.7% (n=156) with One-year mortality of 78.8% (n=123) and 1st week mortality after LAMA was 15.18% (n=39). About 35.40% (n=91) of patient left to home and had mortality of 41%(n=64) and 64.56% (n=166) left for another hospital and had mortality of 58.97% (n=92). Those who survived had prevalence of recurrent MI and heart failure of 76% and 49% respectively on follow up.
Conclusion: Discharge against medical advice in ACS patients is associated with higher mortality. We need to educate our patients/attendant regarding disease severity, need of timely interventions and prognosis to decrease frequency of discharge AMA and minimize mortality.


The glenohumeral joint is the most commonly dislocated major joint of the body. Patients presenting with a suspected dislocation should be fully assessed as previously described. Of clinical importance are the distal neurovascular status, including axillary nerve function as examined through 'regimental patch' sensation, and the type of dislocation, anterior, posterior or inferior (luxatio erecta). The protocols described below apply to the reduction of the commonest type of injury, anterior dislocation. Posterior and inferior dislocations warrant discussion with the on-call orthopaedic team.


Is there a Difference in Zinc and Vitamin A Status between Children with and without Goiter?
Iodide supplementation may be an important approach to improve iodine deficiency, however, it is still considered as a common health problem worldwide. The importance of trace elements in thyroid function has been revealed. The aim of this study was to compare the serum levels of Zinc and Vitamin A in children with and without goiter.


Several authors point out that the male presence in nursing has been significant at certain times and historical contexts, or they were driven by religious piety and charity, or were taken by military obedience to superior orders or requirements of war. Because of this, we highlight the importance of studies on gender in nursing, how to identify and analyze what men were graduates of the School of Nursing at USP, in the period 1950 to 1990. As material and method, it is notable that the data was collected after obtaining the opinion of the Ethics in Research of EEUSP, being used for this purpose, an instrument previously developed and information was obtained through the formulary of graduated students at the Service of Graduation of EEUSP, enabling thus raising socio-demographic data on the target population of the study, with respect to nationality, ethnicity, religion, marital status, considering also proportionality between men and women graduated from that school. The parents of graduated students were identified with data on educational level and profession. The study provided a better understanding of the profile of the population and revealed a great disproportion in the gender issue in nursing, because the majority of the graduates of this school are women, which is part of the phenomenon of the feminization of nursing, from the consolidation the paradigm of modern nursing.


The Gibson Les Paul is one of the most iconic electric guitars ever made. Although there is a vibrant scholarly literature surrounding the Les Paul's symbolic entanglements with issues of race, gender, and class, few have considered the ecopolitical entanglements involved in producing a key material dimension of that guitar's signature sound: Honduran mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla). Fiji is one of the main harvesting sites of Honduran mahogany, and this chapter charts the social and environmental transformations that occurred following this wood's introduction to Fiji in the 1880s, considering especially the increasing demand for mahogany as it has been driven by the popularization of the Les Paul since the mid-twentieth century—an issue that, to this day, continues to define forestry in the region. By examining the global commodity chains and infrastructures underlying Les Paul production, this chapter focuses on the role that Honduran mahogany, or the "White Man's timber," as it is called by some locals, has played in reconfiguring Fijian landowners' definitions of what constitutes a forest, sustainability, and justice. In doing so, the chapter interrogates the power relations and ontological politics in which different actors, species, and things are enmeshed. Ultimately, the chapter shows that the aesthetic investments of musicians in particular timbres are rooted in broader legacies of timber-driven colonialism and plantation capitalism.


We estimate the annual variability of CO2 and O partial density using approximately 6 years of Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) radio science data from August 2006 to January 2012, which cover three full Martian years (from the northern hemisphere summer of 28 to the northern hemisphere summer of 31). These two elements are the dominant species at the MRO periapsis altitude, constituting about 70–80% of the total density. We report the recovered annual cycle of CO2 and the annual and seasonal cycle of O in the upper atmosphere. Although no other observations are available at those altitudes, our results are in good agreement with the density measurements of the Mars Express Spectroscopy for Investigation of Characteristics of the Atmosphere of Mars, which uses stellar occultations between 60 and 130 km to determine the CO2 variability, and with the Mars Global Reference Atmospheric Model 2010 for the O annual and seasonal variabilities. Furthermore, the updated model provides more reasonable MRO drag coefficients (CD), which are estimated to absorb mismodeling in the atmospheric density prediction. The higher content of dust in the atmosphere due to dust storms increases the density, so the CDs should compensate for this effect. The correlation between the drag coefficient and the dust optical depth, measured by the Mars Odyssey Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) instrument, increases from 0.4 to 0.8 with the a priori and adjusted models, respectively. The trend of CDs not only confirms a substantial improvement in the prediction of the atmospheric density with the updated model but also provides useful information for local dust storms, near MRO periapsis, that cannot be measured by the opacity level since THEMIS does not always sample the southern hemisphere evenly.


Dismissals due to business reasons are mostly connected to collective redundancies. In 2013, 132 companies started the information and consultation procedure (with an announcement) which is obliged in case of collective redundancies, 8865 employees were involved (983 in Brussels, 3759 in Flanders and 4123 in Wallonia). The metal production industry was affected the most, with collective redundancies relating to 2986 employees. 140 companies ended the information and consultation procedure in 2013, resulting in 15717 dismissed employees (942 in Brussels, 9372 in Flanders and 5665 in Wallonia), while at the start of the procedure 16316 jobs were threatened. The procedure thus might have saved 605 jobs. In the metal production sector, 8797 employees lost their employment in 2013, leaving the other sectors far behind. In 2012 "only" 8044 employees lost their jobs in a collective redundancy, in 2011 there were 5654 and in 2010 there were 12862.


In the current paper a new Trapezoidal Fuzzy Model for Assessment is developed. This model is a variation of a special form of the commonly used in Fuzzy Mathematics Center of Gravity technique.


In this work, Bi2Te3 nanoflowers were successfully synthesized through hydrothermal method. The effect of reaction time on crystal growth and the morphological evolution of these nanoflowers were studied in detail. The obtained nanopowders were characterized by employing XRD, FESEM, EDAX, HRTEM, and Raman studies. The XRD results shows that rhombohedral Bi2Te3 is obtained, without any impurities, at a reaction time of 8, 24, and 36 hours. But along with Bi2Te3, elemental Te is obtained at a reaction time of 4 hours. A growth mechanism for the evolution of nanoflowers from primary nanoplates is proposed, based on the experimental results. The HRTEM images shows that an imperfect orient attachment of primary nano plates leads to the twisting and bending of nanoplates, resulting in well-formed nanoflowers. Lattice imperfections, including twinning boundaries, incoherent boundaries, and stacking faults, will reduce thermal conductivity and improve thermoelectric conversion efficiency of the material.


Using multiple regression analysis, this study investigates the impact of lawyer advertising on the public's image of the law profession. The analysis, which includes variables to reflect per capita real outlays on lawyer advertising, the public's image of politicians, long‐term trends in the image of lawyers, the per capita number of lawyers, the per capita number of civil suits commenced in U.S. district courts, and the divorce rate, finds that lawyer advertising raises the public's esteem for the law profession. Moreover, causality tests supplementing the regression estimation reinforce this conclusion while revealing a bidirectional relationship between lawyer advertising and lawyer image.


The problem of food waste is particularly relevant in the twenty-first century. According to the data from the Food Banks, 1.3 billion tonnes of food is wasted every year around the world. This represents a third of the total food production. In Europe, there are almost 100 million tonnes and in Poland there are some 9 million tonnes per annum (Food Banks 2016). The data on Europe do not include losses in agriculture and fisheries, which, in fact, make this figure much higher. However, the scale of waste in sub-Saharan Africa and Asia is much lower and there is a chronic problem of malnutrition and even starvation. As reported by UNICEF, malnutrition is the cause of death of over 5 million children annually (UNICEF 2016). It is therefore necessary to develop strategies to effectively combat this phenomenon. Such attempts are taken by the European Union, which pays attention to the problem in the strategy 'Europe 2020'. In 2011, the European Parliament adopted a resolution 'How to avoid food waste: a strategy for improving the efficiency of the food chain in the EU'. At the same time a large part of the EU population (including Poles) declare that they are not aware of the situation, do not notice information campaigns and programmes that aim to reduce food waste. Struggle with this twenty-first century problem should therefore start from building attitudes and awareness of individual households and firms engaged in food production and distribution. The purpose of this article is to point to the problem of food waste, its causes and manifestations, and to identify possible strategies to combat this phenomenon. Research methods used in this work include a critical literature analysis and meta-analysis with elements of deductive reasoning based on available literature and reports.


The article deals with the provision of pension guarantees in voluntary pension systems. The importance of guarantees is due to the increasing role of non-state pension systems in international practice. World experience shows that problems within the framework of voluntary pension schemes are largely related to the issue of trust in the pension system. Solving the latter is interrelated with the necessity of consideration of guarantees. The article analyzes the pension guarantees in the legislation of different countries in order to identify opportunities to use international experience in legal regulation for the development of the pension system in the Russian Federation. The paper describes the fiduciary standards in voluntary pension schemes in different countries, as well as the principles of the OECD in financial protection of pension plan participants, implemented in the national legislation of the countries. The issue of investment return guarantees is particularly important in the context of voluntary pension schemes with defined contributions. The analysis helps to identify that Russia needs an introduction of legal frameworks of guarantees regulation to increase the number of participants in the voluntary pension system. The guarantee in voluntary pension schemes will be critical if the automatic enrollment mechanism is introduced in the Russian Federation as part of the system of individual pension capital. In particular, an important point is the introduction of a system of guarantees for participants' rights as a concept in the Russian private pension system, as well as the implementation of basic legal principles and characteristics of this system.


In this paper, the surface mount photonics (SMP) approach to optical components is described. SMP adopts many elements of silicon component manufacturing. Key elements of SMP include the use of CMOS foundries for planar lightwave circuit (PLC) fabrication, wafer scale testing of active III-V devices, flip chip bonding of devices using passive alignment, and the use of low cost non-hermetic plastic packaging


Objective
To investigate the effect and safety of compound polymyxin B ointment combined JUC in wound healing after topical aminolaevulinic acid-based photodynamic therapy (5-ALA-PDT) for the condyloma acuminatum.

Methods
Total of 231 patients with condyloma acuminatum from our outpatient-room, were divided into two groups randomly. After 5ALA-PDT therapy, patients in the control group topically used 3% boric acid solution, and patients in the treatment group topically used compound polymyxin B ointment combined with JUC besides 3% boric acid solution.

Results
Compared with the control group (13.82%, 10.57%, 4.07% and 10.6%), the pain incidence rates (5.56%), the infection incidence rates (2.78%), the incidence rates of the scar and pigment residue (0%), the relapse rate (3.7%) of patients in the treatment group were all with significant differences (all P < 0.05).

Conclusions
Compound polymyxin B ointment combined with JUC could be used effectively and safely after 5ALA-PDT treatment for condyloma acuminatum. The combined treatment could release the pain and the rates of recurrence and with less adverse reaction.

Key words:
Compound polymyxin B ointment; Jieyoushen (JUC); Condyloma acuminatum; Photodynamic therapy