This paper discusses growth performance in the OECD countries over the past two decades. Special attention is given to developments in labour productivity, allowing for human capital accumulation, and multifactor productivity (MFP), allowing for changes in the composition and quality of physical capital. The paper suggests wide (and growing) disparities in GDP per capita growth, while differences in labour productivity have remained broadly stable. These patterns are explained by different employment growth rates across countries. In the most recent years, a rise in MFP growth in ICT-related industries has boosted aggregate growth in some countries (e.g. the United States) ...


TGA measurements have been known to provide valuable information that can be used to select materials for certain applications and to predict product performance giving way for possible improvement. Polymeric cable wires were exposed to TGA analysis (after subjecting them different preheating treatments) which leads to determining their thermal stability through comparative analysis between the fingerprints of the preheated and the non-preheated samples obtained. Very reliable and valuable information was obtained which would help in predicting the product performance giving way for possible improvement of the materials.


(51) Int. Cl. CIOM 125/24 (2006.01) CIOM 125/10 (2006.01) (52) U.S. Cl. ......................................... 508/161; 508/165 (57) ABSTRACT Provided herein are lubricating oil compositions comprising a major amount of a base oil, at least one oil-soluble molyb denum compound and a zinc dialkyldithiophosphate com pound, wherein the molybdenum content derived from the molybdenum compound is at least 10 ppm based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition and the phosphorus content derived from the zinc dialkyldithiophosphate com pound is about 200 to 500 ppm based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition. The lubricating oil composition can further comprise at least one additive. Methods of making and using the lubricating oil compositions are also described.


This article integrates William James' (1890) theoretical model of Self with contemporary theoretical discourse and recent research on the impact of digital technology upon the Self. An overview of James' self-theory is presented and followed by a detailed review of contemporary publications on self in our increasingly digital world; organized around the Spiritual, Social and Material realms of James' "Me". This is followed by this author's extension of James' concept of "I" into contemporary discourse on the person in terms of authenticity, agency and power. It is shown that the "Spiritual Self" is reflected in technology as fragmented, decentred and dislocated while the "Social Self" has expanded into virtual communities; continuing to seek recognition from others, but in a magnified and accelerated fashion. A cultural shift has been identified towards one of simulation and surveillance. Transformations of the "Material Self" in terms of physical bodies, interaction with the material world, and with material others, are presently observed. This author's conceptual and theoretical exploration has also shown a corresponding loss of control and fracturing of the status of the person through the rise of surveillance and loss of personal rights that challenges the theoretical construct and everyday experience of persons.


Background: Exercise programs are proven to positively impact physical fitness, quality of life, and late toxicities in cancer patients, and many recent reports document the benefit of exercise in patients with diverse cancers.1-3 However, such programs are underutilized in patients with hematologic malignancy.2,3 As anemia and thrombocytopenia associated with hematologic diseases are risk factors for falls and bleeding complications, exercise has not been routinely recommended. Thus, exercise programs have yet to gain traction in patients with hematologic malignancy and are rarely seen as a preventative measure for functional decline. Of critical importance, functional decline is not an inevitable part of illness or aging and is potentially modifiable.4,5 Here, we identified older adults with functional decline and incorporated a preventative exercise program to attenuate complications associated with disease- and therapy-related de-conditioning.
 Methods: This is a single center, pilot prospective study of older adults (≥60 years) with hematologic malignancy actively receiving chemotherapy. Patients enrolled had mild or moderate impairments in physical function, as defined by a score ≤9 on the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB). The SPPB is an objective, validated tool used to capture at risk patients and has been shown to be prognostic in predicting decline in function, re-hospitalization, and mortality.6 The primary objective was to assess the feasibility of implementing a structured exercise program; including recruitment and retention, adherence, sustainability, adverse events and implementation challenges. Reasons why patients decline exercise participation were also tracked. The Otago Exercise Program (OEP) has been found to be an effective exercise regimen to improve functional balance, muscle strength, and prevent fall-related injury and mortality.8 The OEP is a structured combination of physical therapist prescribed individualized exercise plans with home-based exercise, demonstrated to improve balance and functional decline.9 The OEP focuses on strengthening, balance retraining, and walking.
 Results: Older adults actively receiving chemotherapy with a median age of 75.5 (62-83) with hematologic malignancy (myeloma=18, NHL=6, leukemia=5) were enrolled. Chemotherapy regimens were variable (e.g. R-EPOCH, venetoclax, IMiDS, proteasome inhibitors, bone marrow transplant). Patients were approached (n=63) for participation of a structured exercise program and a target accrual of n=30 was achieved over 17 months. Reasons for declining participation included travel (n=13), inconvenience (n=12), not appropriate (n=5) or concern for side effects/cost/uninformed (n=3). There was no relationship with distanced traveled and exercise completion, R=-0.01 (p=0.94). Adherence was excellent with all 8 sessions complete (n=18) or 7 sessions complete (n=4), at time of analysis. Geriatric assessment factors were analyzed at baseline (Visit 1) and following 4 months of exercise (Visit 2). Physical health scores as measured by the MOS-PFS increased significantly [MOS-PFS: V1=55 (0-100), V2=67.5 (30-100), p=0.005], where patient reported KPS were similar [KPS V1=80 (40-100), V2=85 (60-100), p=0.065]. Importantly, objective measures of physical function improved to normal scores by visit 2 [SPPB V1=7(0-11), V2=11(2-12), p<0.001]. Moreover, quality of life scores by PROMIS demonstrated improvement in physical health symptoms. No adverse events were attributable to exercise.
 Conclusions: In this pilot study evaluating a structured exercise program for older adults undergoing chemotherapy, physical deficits normalized for patients, resulting in improved subjective and objective measurements of functional capacity. The program was feasible, sustainable and adherence was optimal. Here we demonstrate that exercise programs can attenuate complications associated with disease- and therapy-related de-conditioning and are feasible in older adults.

 No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


This paper explores the prospects and problems of IFRS adoption in Nigeria whose implementation roadmap began in 2012.After considering the historical evolution of IFRS, the analysis shows that a lot need to be done by the regulators especially the Financial Reporting Council of Nigeria (FRCN) to stem the tide of negative consequences that the wholesome adoption may bring especially on IFRS adoption by SMEs.The study recommends that SMEs be allowed to revert back to NIG. GAAP over a period of time long enough to address problem areas like infrastructural decay,
trained work force etc.


OBJECTIVE To study the pharmacokinetics and relative bioavailability of combination Angelica sinensis(Oliv.) Diels and Piper nigrum L..METHODS The content of ferulic acid in plasma was determined directly by HPLC after an oral administration of Piper nigrum L.in combination individually with Angelica sinensis(Oliv.) Diels.The plasma concentration-time curves were plotted.The main pharmacokinetic parameters and relative bioavailability were obtained.RESULTS The plasma concentration-time curve of Ferulic acid was discribed by an one-compartment model.The relative bioavailability of Piper nigrum L.combined with Angelica sinensis Diels was 169.03%.CONCLUSION By the statistical analysis,Piper nigrum L.combined with Angelica sinensis(Oliv.) Diels can increase the relative bioavailability of Ferulic acid.


A seller with one unit of a good faces N ≥ 3 buyers and a single competitor who sells one other identical unit in a second-price auction with a reserve price. Buyers who do not get the seller's good will compete in the competitor's subsequent auction. We characterize the optimal mechanism for the seller in this setting. The first-order approach typically fails, so we develop new techniques. The optimal mechanism features transfers from buyers with the two highest valuations, allocation to the buyer with the second-highest valuation, and a withholding rule that depends on the highest two or three valuations. It can be implemented by a modified third-price auction or a pay-your-bid auction with a rebate. This optimal withholding rule raises significantly more revenue than would a standard reserve price. Our analysis also applies to procurement auctions. Our results have implications for sequential competition in mechanisms. We thank Paul Klemperer, Tymofiy Mylovanov, Dan Quint, Dan Quigley, Jószef Sákovics, Vasiliki Skreta, and conference and seminar audiences for helpful comments and Serafin Grundl and Diwakar Raisingh for excellent research assistance. Department of Economics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, firstname.lastname@example.com. Department of Economics, University of Texas at Austin, firstname.lastname@example.com.


I We read a book. We view a film. Or do we? Should we? And if so, how do we bring the two forms - literary and cinematic together in the classroom. These two related questions are relevant to university English faculty who are seeking broad new dimensions within the discipline itself, dimensions as relatively unexplored in the 70's as were, say. American Studies 20 years ago. or Afro-American Literature a mere 10 years ago. We have little control over the reasons why these questions are so relevant now; we can only seek to understand them. Forces which are sweeping through academe with the impact of a new historical Zeitgeist have, as in the past, altered our perceptions about what and how we teach our literature courses. Once again, barriers are going down, boundaries slowly inching back under the pressure of these complex forces. Let me summarize them briefly: First, the tremendous contemporary interest in film among all levels of students and all grades of English and Comparative Literature faculty. Second. the displacement of the concept of film as a mere "A/V Device" suitable only for pious bio-pics. for "illustrating" literary classics with stiffly-mounted period pieces, or for tracing the convoluted sex-life of the paramecium. Third, the burgeoning and - considering the variable quality terrifying realization that for the past forty years~ the annual average output of Hollywood film production alone has drawn from 45-60% of its production schedule of `A' pictures from literary adaptations. Finally, the availability of relatively inexpensive rental prints of 16 mm versions of domestic and foreign films, with a consequent impact on all four years of the college curriculum. One might cite an addendum here: the number of film study groups, film series, subscription showings, and festivals, each of which has encouraged its audiences to discuss works ranging from 42nd Street to the Apu Trilogy with - to borrow Matthew Arnold's felicitous phrase - a "high seriousness" unlooked for in audiences of Hollywood's heyday. What, then, are the main arguments in favor of integrating a course on film adaptation into the college or university English curriculum? And what are the problems which inevitably harass the enthusiastic novice as he sets out making the cumbersome machinery of his hyphenated literature-film unit work for him? In short, where and how do we begin to structure the basic course in film adaptation? II Before discussing the preparation that such a complex course would involve, with its potential for spawning other, related units (such as an interdisciplinary course in film production, co-sponsored with an Art Department) and spin-offs (such as a campus-wide film series), we should consider the assets of taking on this new kind of work-load. What will it do for us, for our students, for the department, and for the campus itself? There are, it seems to me, six positive possibilities inherent in introducing the beginning film adaptation course on the college level. These assets enable us to bring literary works - fiction, poetry, and plays - into tighter focus and into a larger frame than we have previously been able to manage with existing teaching methodologies. There are, of course, several problems involved in developing such a course. But none of these problems is insuperable, given adequate preparation by even the rankest coordinator. Under the heading of "arguments in favor of developing and proposing such a course" we have the following six points in favor of linking books and films: the cross-class and cross-discipline appeal of the course subject; the "excitement" of the film medium; the sense of communal activity; the contrast of modes; the illumination of text by means of image; and the use of film as a catalytic agent. First, the cross-class and cross-discipline appeal of the course subject. Speaking from my own experience as a former Assistant Professor of English at Wittenberg University, a small (2400). …


Abstract Continuous cropping soil in the facility cultivation area causes degradation of soil properties and activation of soil-borne pathogens. To investigate the effects of conditioners (biochar and vinegar residue) on the physico-chemical properties, enzyme activities, microorganisms of acidified and salinized soils, and their effects on the growth, photosynthesis, yield, and quality of lettuce, we performed the current study. The results showed that conditioners treatments increased the pH value of acidified and salinized soils, whereas significantly reduced the EC value. Moreover, the application of conditioners enhanced the activities of catalase, sucrase, urease and phosphatase, and the number of microorganisms in the acidified and salinized soils to an extent. The conditioners also increased plant height, fresh and dry weight of lettuce. Compared with acidified and salinized soils alone, T2∼T9 treatments remarkably increased the root vitality by 49.01%, 76.68%, 51.38%, 145.06%, 110.67%, 77.87%, 30.43% and 52.96%, respectively. In addition, the net photosynthetic rate (Pn), vitamin C content, soluble sugar content and yield of lettuce treated with T5 (20 g biochar and 20 g vinegar residue) increased by 119.61%, 82.32%, 49.89%, and 64.82%, respectively, but decreased the nitrate content by 26.62%. These results indicated that the conditioners improved the physical and chemical properties of acidified-salinized soils, and increased the growth, yield, and quality of lettuce. Among the treatments, the best improvement effect was observed in T5 treatment that biochar and vinegar residue were mixed at the ratio of 1: 1 (w/w).


Multigroup diffusion theory predicts too high a critical mass for small, highly enriched, critical assemblies. An attempt to improve the accuracy of diffusion theory predictions for fast reactors is described. Transport cross sections were adjusted on the basis of multigroup comparison of the Lady Godiva Reactor by diffusion theory and by the asymptotic solution to the Boltzmann equation. In general, the predictions made by the adjusted cross sections were in very good agreement with experiment. The procedure described is not recommended as a panacea but indicates that modifications in elastic transport cross sections may make multigroup diffusion theory more applicable to a wide range of fast reactors. (T.R.H.)


Job outlook among men aged 25 to 64 years followed after first myocardial infarction (MI) is examined in a study of incidence and prognosis of coronary heart disease (CHD) conducted by the Health Insurance Plan of Greater New York, Employment status of 470 men with first MI is similar to that of men clinically free of CHD at the start of follow-up: 79% of men with Ml and 83% of CHD-free men are employed at the end of 4 1/2 fears of follow-up. Age and clinical severity of Ml influence rate of return to work and the proportions of men returning, but hypertension is not a significant factor. Blue-collar workers return to work more slowly than white-collar workers. Under age 55, blue-collar workers are more likely to return to changed jobs; among older men, retirement is more common in the blue-collar group.


The ATLAS Collaboration has performed precise measurements of the cross-section of final states with photons and/or jets at centre-of-mass energies of 8 and 13 TeV. The results are compared with state-of-the-art theory predictions and with predictions of several Monte Carlo generators. We also present new measurements of transverse energy-energy correlations and their associated asymmetries in multi-jet events at 8 TeV. Both measurements are used to extract the strong coupling constant and test the renormalization group equations.


I present here the work I have done as a software engineer with SYSTRAN. SYSTRAN is a leading company in machine translation, with more than 40 supported language pairs, and is providing most of the online machine translation service (Google, Yahoo, Altavista...). SYSTRAN regroup SYSTRAN S.A. (Paris, France) and SYSTRAN Software Incorporated (San Diego, USA). I mostly worked in Paris but stayed 4 weeks in San Diego, for the conclusion of a corporate customer project and the nalization of SYSTRAN version 5 for East Asian languages. My work focused on the development and nalization of version 5 commercial products, which include R&D on new features (cf Section 2), engineering tasks on SYSTRAN architecture (cf Section 3) and a number of other smaller tasks, such as bug xing, maintenance, code cleaning and ad hoc coding. The development was mostly done with Perl, C++ and XSLT, under Linux and Microsoft Windows. I am either the sole author or a main contributor of the works presented here, under the direction of Jean Senellart, Director R&D of the SYSTRAN group.


Space and time dependent evolution of distribution of electron density is calculated on the frame of selfconsistent solution of continuity equation and a wave equation assuming a local field approximation for pulsed microwave discharge in nitrogen.


Conformal field theories witĥsl(2)−1/2 symmetry are studied with a view to investigating logarithmic structures. Applying the parafermionic coset construction o the non-logarithmic theory, a part of the structure of the triplet model is uncovered. In particular, the coset theo ry is shown to admit the triplet W-algebra as a chiral algebra. This motivates the introduction of an augmented ŝl(2)−1/2-theory for which the corresponding coset theory is precisely the triplet model. This augmentation is envisage d to lead to a precise characterisation of the "logarithmic lift" of the non-logarithmicŝl(2)−1/2-theory that has been proposed by Lesage et al.


In Uppsala, patients in long-term care with geriatric communication and swallowing disorders have not generally received services from speech-language pathologists. To remedy the need for intervention in this group a trial project was initiated in 2007. Its aim was to estimate the need for continued intervention in long-term care and to develop effective working strategies for the speech-language pathologists. The target group was persons above 65 years old with eating and/or communication disabilities caused by stroke or progressive cognitive/neurologic disorders. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the project at its half-way point. The working processes were analyzed based on documentation from the project. Statistical analyses were conducted on ratings and objective measures of the patients' eating and communication abilities. Finally, relatives of eight of the patients were interviewed to see how the project had affected them. The results indicate a need for intervention by speech-language pathologists for patients in long-term care. It is also necessary to inform patients, relatives and employees at care centers about how speech-language pathologists can help. Both communication and swallowing improved after interventions by speech-language pathologists. The interviews also indicate that speech-language pathologists have little impact on the relatives. A future study should assess how the project has affected the employees at care centers.


Background Updated evidence was required to compare the efficacy and safety of cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) inhibitors and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors for patients with hormone receptor-positive and HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer. Methods A systematic review and network meta-analysis was conducted utilizing data from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that contained interventions of CDK4/6 inhibitors or PI3K/AKT/mTOR inhibitors. Progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) were primary outcomes of interest. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and odds ratios (ORs) with 95% credible intervals (CrIs) were used to assess the survival outcomes and safety profiles, respectively. Results A total of 28 RCTs with 12,129 participants were included. Pooled analysis showed that CDK4/6 inhibitors significantly prolonged PFS than PI3K/AKT/mTOR inhibitors (HR, 0.81; 95% CrI, 0.69–0.94), whereas no significant differences were detected regarding OS. After balancing the treatment lines and metastatic sites, the superiority of CDK4/6 inhibitors only appeared in the visceral and non-visceral subgroups. Among CDK4/6 inhibitors, abemaciclib was significantly better than others in ≥3 grade neutropenia (OR, 0.04; 95% CrI, 0.01–0.15). The incidence of stomatitis and digestive disorders was different among diverse kinds of PI3K/AKT/mTOR inhibitors. Discrepancies appeared regarding TRAEs of hepatotoxicity, diarrhea, and hyperglycemia among different interventions. Conclusions CDK4/6 inhibitors showed better efficacy in PFS, but the benefits disappeared when taking treatment line into consideration. Specific and discrepant safety profiles were found in two categories of agents. Systematic Review Registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO, identifier CRD42022321172.


Welding clamps for right/left stay tube comprises a base, a beam tube backing, a reinforcement tube backing, a first fixed table, a second fixed table, a first clamp block, a second clamp block, and a stay tube backing. The left stay tube and the right stay tube to be welded are separately positioned on the stay tube backing; the beam tube and the reinforcement tube to be welded are separately pressed and positioned on the beam tube backing and the reinforcement tube backing; a left back swing arm mounting board and a right back swing arm to be welded mounting board are separately positioned on the first fixed table and the second fixed table; a left front foot pedal base and the right front foot pedal base to be welded are separately alignment connected with the first clamp block and the second clam block, as a result the relative positions between each part and assembly for welding can be ensured, the accuracy of welding position can be improved, and the processing efficiency and quality of products can be improved.


Dan Berger, Chesa Boudin, and Kenyon Farrow, eds., with preface by Bernardine Dohrn, Letters from Young Activists: Today's Rebels Speak Out (New York: Nation Books, 2005), 256 pages, paperback $14.95.One frequently comes across handwringing articles in the mainstream media decrying the supposed apathy of my generation. Too often these are written by older liberals, nostalgic for their own bygone days of protest (and forgetful of the years of small-scale organizing that led to the social upheaval of those days). Sometimes they are written by young people, who believe themselves alone in their dissent. Ironically, these lamentations never seem to recognize what those of us who are involved in social movements today can see quite clearly: that there is a growing sense among many young people that something is deeply wrong with the society we live in—and more and more, that such knowledge comes with the desire to take a standThis article can also be found at the Monthly Review website, where most recent articles are published in full.Click here to purchase a PDF version of this article at the Monthly Review website.


The electrochemical polymerization of aniline on a nanocrystalline titanium dioxide film electrode(Nano-TiO_2) has been achieved by means of cyclic voltammetry in a medium of 1 mol/L sulfuric acid and scanning voltage range of (-0.2)~(0.8 V) at a rate of 100 mV/s. The complex film was charactered by TEM, AFM, XRD and FTTR. The result shows that the formation of the complex film and the values of peak current are influenced by the concentrations of sulfuric acid and aniline, the scanning rate and the scanning voltage on Nano-TiO_2. The higher the solution concentration is, the higher the rate of the membrane formation, whereas the stability of the membrane is decreased. The peak current increased with the elevating of scanning rate and potential, but the reversibility decreased under the same condition. It also shows that the surface of TiO_2 nanoparticles of 10~35 nm in diameter is incompletely coated by polyaniline.


Dual-ion cells based on the anion intercalation into a graphite positive electrode have been proposed as electrochemical energy storage devices. In this set-up, the electrolyte, in this case a mixture of N-butyl-N-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide (Pyr14TFSI) and lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide (LiTFSI) acts not only as charge carrier, but also as active material. Since the compatibility of this ionic liquid-based electrolyte mixture with graphitic anodes is relatively poor and not sufficient, the selection of the anode materials for the dual-ion system was limited to metallic lithium or Li4Ti5O12 so far. In this work, we present promising results concerning the use of graphite as both the anode and cathode material in a so-called "dual-graphite cell". The Pyr14TFSI-LiTFSI ionic liquid electrolyte is used in combination with the SEI-forming additive ethylene sulfite (ES) and allows a stable and highly reversible lithium ion and TFSI- anion intercalation/de-intercalation into the graphite anode and cathode, respectively.


A week filled with instructive and pleasurable visits to scientific institutions and other historic and scenic points of interest can be promised to members and their families attending the Washing...


Along with the fast growth of economy development in China,the industries of real estate have got an unprecedented improvements.And among all sorts of advertisements,DM advertisement is one of the most favorable and popular fashions in the industries of real estate.In the following analysis,how DM advertisements initiate,what are the advantages of DM advertisements and how to represent them are those aspects discussed in this thesis.


In this demo, we present ODLAW, a new tool for retroactive compliance with privacy laws like the European Union's General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). The GDPR enumerates the explicit rights of individuals regarding the use of their personal data, and regulators can impose strict penalties for organizations that fail to comply. While others have advocated for a completely new class of systems to address these regulations, ODLAW takes a different approach by achieving GDPR compliance while allowing an organization to keep its existing data management infrastructure intact. Using a variety of realistic datasets, the demo will show the specific ways that ODLAW can help with GDPR compliance, as well as highlight some of the key challenges that arise in real-world settings.


The capacity of a quantum channel for transmission of classical information depends in principle on whether product states or entangled states are used at the input, and whether product or entangled measurements are used at the output. We show that when product measurements are used, the capacity of the channel is achieved with product input states, so that entangled inputs do not increase capacity. We show that this result continues to hold if sequential measurements are allowed, whereby the choice of successive measurements may depend on the results of previous measurements. We also present a new simplified expression which gives an upper bound for the Shannon capacity of a channel, and which bears a striking resemblance to the well-known Holevo bound.


It is determined that the ecological and economic functions of the restored lands are quite varied, as far as in the conditions of technogenic landscapes the specific bioinert new formation is formed in which physical and chemical properties of soil, microbiological and enzymatic activity of arable layer and other factors constitute the level of ecological and economic points. It is proved that agricultural reclamation should be directed to create arable land as agricultural lands are usually withdrawn under mining. Thereby, the necessity of ecological and economic investigations of disturbed lands is determined, as they are the basis for the systematic approach development to the management of agricultural production on these lands. Just this production should provide high farmlands productivity with increasing soil fertility and improving sanitation and environmental conditions of the region environment. It is developed ecological and economic point of arable layer of more common edaphotops of Prydniprovya steppe, the reclaimed lands economic evaluation and selection of branch for their further use depend on its value.


Identifying the best drug candidates is important in drug research. Researchers in biology and computational science have attempted to use machine learning (ML) to predict drug-target interaction (DTI) efficiently. Most of the computational methods developed recently are to predict DTI using binary classification. However, the aim of our research is to determine whether the drug-target (DT) pair has interacted or not. Thus, we predict the DT binding affinity using the regression method, which could describe the strength of the DT pair interaction. The drug is considered not effective if the binding affinity value is not high enough. Therefore, predicting the binding affinity value is considered valuable. We propose a deep learning approach using the ensemble learning bagging method to predict the DTI. Our experiment uses CNN or CNN-RNN to encode both the drug and the protein. As for building the models, we use both CNN-CNN and CNN-RNN, which will then be tested on three publicly available datasets: BindingDB, DAVIS, and KIBA. Our research results show that by using the ensemble learning with the bagging method, we can improve the concordance index (CI) in predicting the binding affinity value by 1.36%, 1.43%, and 0.94% when using CNN-CNN for BindingDB, DAVIS, and KIBA dataset respectively.


In the reforming of primary courses after the publication of New Syllabus of Chinese Course for Full-time Compulsory Education, we ought to inherit and develop many helpful disciplines and principles suggested in the thousand-year-long history of traditional Chinese teaching. With the inheritance of good traditions and innovation in accordance with teaching laws and basic theories, previous reform of primary Chinese teaching would reach a new stage.


The transport of test ions through the magnetosheath depends upon the macroscopic structure defined by the average magnetic and flow fields, B0 and U, and the fluctuating fields, δE and δB, encountered by the particles. In this paper an approximate model is used to generate the macroscopic configuration: it satisfies the jump conditions at the bow shock, treats the magnetopause as a tangential discontinuity (B0 and U tangent to the magnetospheric boundary), and uses intermediate field amplitudes and orientations that resemble the more precise results of gas dynamic simulations. Equations of motion for a fictitious ensemble average particle describe the ion propagation, with the effects of the inhomogeneous turbulence phenomenologically incorporated into a friction tensor whose components reflect the coupling of the ions to the bulk plasma along and across the magnetic field B0. Application to the solar wind releases of lithium ions by the Active Magnetospheric Particle Tracer Explorers mission illustrates the approach: we follow the guiding center trajectory of the ensemble average "particle" for several upstream solar wind and interplanetary magnetic field conditions, different locations of the release site, and quiet and disturbed magnetosheath turbulence regimes. Implications of the results for the release strategy are discussed.


Objective:To investigate the clinical application of laparoscopic ultrasonography(LUS)in laparo- scopic partial nephrectomy(LPN)for centrally located renal tumors.Method:The clinical data of ten patients who underwent LPN for centrally located renal tumors with LUS were retrospectively analyzed.All patients were diagnosed of renal tumors by B ultrasound,CT and/or MR examinations.The tumors were located in the renal pa- renchyma without obvious evagination,with five cases in the middle,one case in the upper pole and four cases in the lower pole of the kidney.There were six males and four females,aged from 10-62(mean,45.4)years old. The tumor size was 1.1-3.5(mean 2.6)cm.Result:LUS could confirm the location,size,blood supply and boundary of renal tumors,and determine that the tumor was removed completely with negative incisal margin. The pathological results showed that renal cell carcinoma was found in nine cases and reninoma was seen in one pa- tient.The surgical incisal margins were negative in all ten cases.Conclusion:It is of high clinical value for LUS in LPN for centrally located renal tumors with real-time image and it helps surgeons to determine the location of the tumor,reduce intraoperative hemorrhage,provide negative incisal margins and guarantee the operation safety.


MiRNAs can be considered as a proto-oncogene and a tumor suppressor gene by the targeted inhibition of mRNAs translation. More and more studies show that miR-873 can inhibit the growth of tumor. In spite of this, the mechanism by which miR-873 inhibits the development of gastric cancer remains unclear. Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 (CXCL1) is a secreted growth factor that signals through the G-protein coupled receptor. CXCL1 plays a role in inflammation, and aberrant expression of this protein is associated with the growth and progression of certain tumors. In order to explore the relationship between miR-873 and the development of gastric cancer, we analyzed the expression level of miR-873 in 72 cases of gastric cancer, the prognosis and survival rate. What's more, we tested the effect of miR-873 on the proliferation and apoptosis of gastric cancer cells. Through the bioinformatics analysis, the action target of miR-873 was predicted and verified. The results showed that miR-873 was significantly down-regulated in gastric cancer tissue and gastric cancer cell line. Clinical data showed that the low expression of miR-873 was significantly associated with poor prognostic features of GC (including serum alpha fetal protein (AFP) level), tumor size and TNM stage. Gain-of-function and loss-of-function studies showed that miR-873 can inhibit the proliferation of HGC27 cells and induce apoptosis of HGC27 cells. Bioinformatics analysis showed that the 3'UTR region of CXCL1 mRNA contains the binding site of miR-873. CXCL1 knockdown abrogated the effects of miR-873 deletion on GC cells with decreased cell proliferation and increased apoptosis. Taken together, our results reveal that miR-873 can be used as a tumor suppressor that prevent proliferation and induce apoptosis in GC by targeting CXCL1.


[Objective] The aim of this research was to explore the decoupling method of interaction of water and nitrogen on the spectral analysis of rape nitrogen.[Method] The analysis method of reflectance features compensation and composite pattern was put forward,which can compensate nitrogen detection influenced by water factor.And the spectral analysis models for nitrogen content were respectively established.[Result] The results showed that the correlation coefficient(R) of nitrogen diagnosis models corrected by above-mentioned method was 0.89 and 0.91,and the root mean square error(RMSE) was 2.94 and 1.47.[Conclusion] The interaction of water and nitrogen can be effectively decoupled by the analysis method of composite pattern,which was preferable to the quantitative analysis of rape nitrogen.


Abstract In this paper I propose a theoretical framework for the treatment of patients with self-care problems. This framework takes as its starting point the frequent countertransference "pulls" encountered with such patients toward what might be called concerned action—the impulse to intervene actively in a protective or directive way in the hope of fostering better self-care. I suggest that, rather than simply acting on these impulses, on one hand, or viewing them as projectively or intersubjectively induced impulses simply to be processed internally by the analyst for purposes of interpretation, on the other, we view such impulses as the opening of a paradoxical or dialectical potential space in the transference–countertransference relationship. I argue that self-care problems result from the breakdown of a central dialectic in the parent–child relationship between concerned action and empathic recognition and that it is this dialectic that must be reestablished and reworked in the treatment relationship.


A medical product used as both medicine and food for preventing and treating the synchysis caused by old age, high-degree myopia and long-tern light radiation by Chinese medicine is prepared from wolfberry fruit, liquorice root, cassia seed and chrysanthemum flower. Its preparing process is also disclosed.


Sensitive diagnostic instruments in a fusion experiment are needed to be protected against unwanted stray radiation. This paper presents the study and design of a corrugated waveguide Bragg reflector that is able to provide a highly narrow and selective stopband in the W-band, i.e. 75GHz -105 GHz. The design has a corrugation period of λ. By optimizing the period to λ/2 and dielectric filling into the corrugations, a wide stopband at 90 GHz is obtained. The higher stopband is useful in wideband diagnostic.


Because the athletes negatively play in the matches,China,Korea and Indonesia are disqualified in London Olympic Games by IBF.In Korea,those athletes and coaches who played negatively in matches are heavily punished;but in China,those are rewarded and keep silence about the case of conceded points.It indicates the difference from the history culture and national conditions of the 2 countries.The chain reactions from these cases are the highlights of sports participants' profits differentiation;so,it is the key of sports profits' balance to establish a restrict-equilibrium system of them.


Abstract Silicon and indium co-doped ZnO thin films with both high optical and electrical performances have been successfully synthesised for the first time by the technique of spray pyrolysis. We find that this co-doping strategy can achieve comparable Figures-of-Merit performances to indium zinc oxide itself, but with, importantly, a significant saving in the indium content. The properties of the co-doped films are compared with those of either single indium or silicon doping.


Introduction Poor medicines management places patients at risk, particularly during care transitions. For patients with heart failure (HF), optimal medicines management is crucial to control symptoms and prevent hospital readmission. This study explored the concept of resilience using HF as an example condition to understand how the system compensates for known and unknown weaknesses. Methods We explored resilience using a mixed-methods approach in four healthcare economies in the north of England. Data from hospital site observations, healthcare staff and patient interviews, and documentary analysis were collected between June 2016 and March 2017. Data were synthesised and analysed using framework analysis. Results Interviews were conducted with 45 healthcare professionals, with 20 patients at three time points and 189 hours of observation were undertaken. We identified four primary inter-related themes concerning organisational resilience. These were named as gaps, traps, bridges and props. Gaps were discontinuities in processes that had the potential to result in poorly optimised medicines. Traps were features of the system that could produce errors or unintended adverse medication events. Bridges were features of the medicines management system that promoted safety and continuity which ensured that, despite varying conditions, care could be delivered successfully. Props were informal, temporary or impromptu actions taken by patients or healthcare staff to avoid potential adverse events. Conclusion The numerous opportunities for HF patient safety to be compromised and for suboptimal medicines management during this common care transition are mitigated by system resilience. Cross-organisational bridges and temporary fixes or 'props' put in place by patients and carers, healthcare teams and organisations are critical for safe and optimal care to be delivered in the face of continued system pressures.


A modern smartphone is equipped with various types of sensors and modules such as accelerometer, magnetometer, gyroscope, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth low energy (BLE), etc. These sensors and modules can be utilized for a better localization estimation. The Particle filter (PF) has been widely accepted as a multisensory data fusion tool in indoor navigation. In this paper, we deployed PF by restricting the particle propagation with map-constraints and updating the weight of particle with the BLE beacon proximity. The proposed technique is experimentally accomplished on a smartphone with the real field deployment of BLE beacons. The results demonstrated that our system achieved a promising mean accuracy of 1.87 m in the testbed. Further, we represent the advantage of the map-constraints based PF over a typical PF for multisensory data fusion.


The media preoccupation with El Nino and recent weather calamities suggests that nearly everyone should be aware, at least at a superficial level, of the possibilities for global climate changes. Endless articles in the popular press and scientific journal literature have reported a plethora of possible climate change outcomes, supported of course by a judicious selection of observations and reference citations. All this speculation has given rise to assertions that the scientific community is struggling with an uncomfortable dichotomy between genuine and justified concern versus enhanced budgets and notoriety that come with dire scenarios. Perhaps the climate-change research community is second only to the medical research community in having its credibility shaken by premature airing of uncertain findings.


The range of application of low-temperature flat heating element (LTHE), produced by thick-film technology, is a large area of electric household and special electric heating devices and technological equipment in various areas of industry. The functional material of composite pastes, used for the formation of conducting contacts by the stencil method, is represented in many cases by pastes based on boride phases of nickel. These phases are characterised by chemical stability, high conductivity, compared with the conductivity of metals, low temperature coefficient of electrical resistance, and are capable of operating for a long period of time under the effect of various service factors. Nevertheless, the problem of producing reliable brazed joints (BJ) for the formation of current supplies to LTHE in brazing in the temperature range 330–400 °C is still important. This is determined by a number of reasons: after the formation of conductor layers between the currentcontacting phases Ni 3 B there are thin dielectric interlayers, reducing the wetting of contact areas by the brazing alloy in brazing; an increase of brazing time results in a large decrease of the extent of spreading of the brazing alloy, determined by the loss of activity of the fluxes because of rapid breakdown of the fluxes, evaporation, and so on; the large difference of the temperature coefficient of linear expansion (TCLE) of the elements of the LTHE and the brazing alloy at 18–20 °C and elevated temperatures, causing the formation of mechanical stresses in the system; the presence of the brittle and mechanically weakest dielectric layer capable of fracturing under the effect of stresses. The aim of the present work was the development of a technology for producing brazed joints for the service of LTHE at temperatures not higher than 180 °C for a long period of time. Taking into account the requirements on the working conditions, in operation at the service temperature of t s <180 °C, the brazed joints should ensure its safety factor in respect of the melting point of the brazing alloy of k = 0.5–0.8. In this case, the minimum melting point of the brazing alloy is:


An analysis of the LAMBDA -hypernuclear three-body systems is made by a variational method with a six-parameter trial function. An upper bound for the strength of the LAMBDA -nucleon interaction required to account for the observed binding of the T = 0 hypentriton LAMBDA H/sup 3/ is obtained. This upper bound is 10--20% (depending upon the value taken for the binding energy) lower than the previous estimate by the same authors. An improved quantitative estimate of the spin dependence of the A-nucleon interaction (neglecting the possible influence of three-body forces) is obtained from the results of this analysis and those of a previous analysis of /sub LAMBDA /He/sup 5/ from this estimate it follows that the existence of a bound LAMBDA -nucleon system is strongly excluded. The analysis of the T = l triplet ese systems are not expected to form bound states. It appears that the essential conclusions of this work would not be seriously affected if there exist moderately strong three-body forces arising from pion exchange processes. (auth)


Humpback whales migrate seasonally between high-latitude summer feeding grounds and low-latitude winter breeding grounds. Identification photographs of humpback whales were collected in the Hawaiian Islands between 1977 and 1995, and sighting histories were compiled for individuals. Analyses revealed that (a) mean dates of first identification were significantly earlier for juveniles and females with no calf than for males and females with a calf off the Big Island, and significantly earlier for juveniles than for females with no calf, males and females with a calf off Maui; and (b) mean dates of last identification were significantly earlier for juveniles and females with no calf than for males and females with a calf off the Big Island, and significantly earlier for females with no calf than for males and females with a calf off Maui. A within-subjects comparison showed that the date of first identification tended to be later for individual females in the years when they had a calf than in the years during which they had no calf. It was concluded that (a) migratory timing varies as a function of age, sex and reproductive status, (b) migratory timing is intimately connected with reproductive success and (c) migratory timing has important consequences for our understanding of humpback whale behaviour on the winter grounds.


Though the concept of choice is essential to democracy, little is known about how citizens make sense of the diversity of policies offered by political elites. Research has found that institutional arrangements such as low electoral thresholds and multiple party competitors are associated with greater policy choice. Other work emphasises non-institutional factors. No research, however, examines what the voters think. In this article these alternative explanations are assessed in terms of whether citizens believe parties to provide choice over policy. Evidence from 25 democracies reveals that electoral and party systems have no direct effect. Choice perceptions are instead affected by non-policy factors: social heterogeneity and individual political dispositions. This result contrasts with analyses showing a strong connection between electoral rules and the diversity of messages communicated by parties during campaigns. The article also shows how choice perceptions matter for political behaviour. Overall, study findings imply that the promise of institutions for fostering representation is weaker than previously assumed.


Significance Ribosome standby is a mechanism that allows translation initiation at ribosome-binding sites that display stable, inhibitory structures. It involves initiator-tRNA-independent 30S subunit binding to single-stranded RNA regions, and the subsequent relocation to the sequestered ribosome-binding sites (RBS). Direct evidence for 30S preloading had previously been elusive. We report here on a detailed characterization of the standby site in tisB mRNA. 30S subunits bind to a single-stranded region and a 5′-stem-loop structure, as shown by fluorescence anisotropy experiments and footprint mapping by cross-linking–immunoprecipitation experiments. Ribosomal protein S1, on its own and in the context of the 30S ribosome, binds to the standby site. This is required for standby-dependent translation, likely reflecting S1-dependent directional unfolding over more than ≈100 nt to reach the sequestered RBS. In bacteria, stable RNA structures that sequester ribosome-binding sites (RBS) impair translation initiation, and thus protein output. In some cases, ribosome standby can overcome inhibition by structure: 30S subunits bind sequence-nonspecifically to a single-stranded region and, on breathing of the inhibitory structure, relocate to the RBS for initiation. Standby can occur over long distances, as in the active, +42 tisB mRNA, encoding a toxin. This mRNA is translationally silenced by an antitoxin sRNA, IstR-1, that base pairs to the standby site. In tisB and other cases, a direct interaction between 30S subunits and a standby site has remained elusive. Based on fluorescence anisotropy experiments, ribosome toeprinting results, in vitro translation assays, and cross-linking–immunoprecipitation (CLIP) in vitro, carried out on standby-proficient and standby-deficient tisB mRNAs, we provide a thorough characterization of the tisB standby site. 30S subunits and ribosomal protein S1 alone display high-affinity binding to standby-competent fluorescein-labeled +42 mRNA, but not to mRNAs that lack functional standby sites. Ribosomal protein S1 is essential for standby, as 30∆S1 subunits do not support standby-dependent toeprints and TisB translation in vitro. S1 alone- and 30S-CLIP followed by RNA-seq mapping shows that the functional tisB standby site consists of the expected single-stranded region, but surprisingly, also a 5′-end stem-loop structure. Removal of the latter by 5′-truncations, or disruption of the stem, abolishes 30S binding and standby activity. Based on the CLIP-read mapping, the long-distance standby effect in +42 tisB mRNA (∼100 nt) is tentatively explained by S1-dependent directional unfolding toward the downstream RBS.


Ming dynasty saw the significant development of China's chronicle,with the quantitative growth of various chronicles and constant emergence of classics.The self-made chronicle,whose unique characteristics disintegrated the convention that the subject of the chronicle in Song-Yuan dynasties was restricted to well-known Confucian scholars,was a new category in Ming dynasty.With the increasing expansion of the subject group,there was a clear secular trend.Retaining the diversified titles and the flexibility of compiling skills,the people in Ming dynasty continuously improved and innovated the style specifications of chronicles,and laid an important foundation for the comprehensive development of the chronicle in Qing dynasty.


The properties of magnetic material are normally described by the permeability tensor, while the magnetically nonlinear properties of electromagnetic devices (EMDs) can be described by the current-dependent characteristics of flux linkages. This paper presents and evaluates different experimental methods appropriate for determining the magnetically nonlinear characteristics of EMDs. The tested device is supplied by a controlled voltage source. Sinusoidal voltages, sinusoidal voltages with offset, and stepwise changing voltages are applied. Current-dependent characteristics of flux linkages are determined from the measured voltages and currents, either by numerical integration or by Fourier analysis and calculation of impedances.


A pattern that gradually reverses its polarity as it moves can appear to move farther and faster than it really does. I shall call this new effect 'enhanced motion', since it accentuates the amplitude and briskness of motion as opposed to reverse phi, in which polarity changes reverse the perceived direction of a moving object.


The optically isotropic polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) mode has been proposed by confining liquid crystal droplets, with average sizes less than the wavelength of visible light, in polymer network. This state has been achieved via polymerization‐induced phase separation (PIPS) method in pre‐polymer/LC mixture. The in‐plane field driven device shows a complete dark state in voltage 'off' under crossed polarizer and excellent white state with induced retardation by Kerr effect in voltage 'on' state with an ultrafast response time over a wide temperature range and high contrast ratio.


(2) discussion of the ultimate purpose of social knowledge and of the consequent relations between divisions of labor in accumulating and organizing social knowledge. Assuming the liberty to use the terms " Economics " and " Sociology " in the sense in which the writer is accustomed to employ them, this paper will follow, in the main, the second course. The postulates which sanction attempts to gather knowledge of social relations are: (i) that association of human beings is inevitable; (2) that knowledge of social relations is the condition of so adjusting individual behavior to the requirements of association that the interests involved will be most completely subserved. In other words knowledge of social facts and relations has telic value in the pursuit of human happiness. This telic value resides not merely in revelation of tendencies within which men are powerless. Its desirability consists not in forewarning men of what they have to expect from the operation of inexorable cosmic energies which it is comfortable to understand for the sake of intelligent resignation to fate. In that case there would be no more virtue in knowledge of social forces than in information about encroachments of the sea upon the land of the earth's surface, or about the rate at which the sun is losing its heat. Social knowledge is worth getting as an indication of what associated men may do to increase their happiness. It is perhaps superfluous to acknowledge the utilitarian purpose and the useful service of that specific inquiry into one series of social relations which dates the beginning of its scientific stage from the work of Adam Smith. Desire to know and


A dynamic transformation of the Arab world raises important questions about the character of structural alterations within Arab regimes. This transition has effected several changes in the legal sphere of Arab media. Rejecting the paradigm of the Arab world's democratization, this article argues for the Arab regimes' ability to adjust to globalization trends without a substantial loss of power. Based on empirical evidence, the legal aspects that govern media organizations within free media zones in Egypt, Jordan and Dubai have been examined. Perceived as 'oases of media freedom', these zones illustrate the ability of Arab regimes to meet the challenges of globalization with regard to media. In order to supposedly preserve social stability and cultural heritage, these regimes retain control over zones' tenants through various means of control, such as direct and indirect censorship, structure of ownership, unclear business ties between media and statecontrolled agencies, and vague laws.


Raman scattering was observed from thin film optical waveguides of cellulose acetate exposed to water vapor from 0% to 100% relative humidity (RH), and from dilute solutions of water in methyl acetate. Spectra of cellulose acetate (CA398, 39.8% acetyl) at low RH and cellulose triacetate (CTA) at low and high RH are consistent with the presence of water monomers that are weakly hydrogen bonded to acetyl C=O groups. Differences between the spectra of water in CA398 and CTA at low RH are attributed to sequential hydrogen bonding involving OH groups in CA398. At high RH, CA398 and CTA (to a lesser extent) show bands attributed to water/water interactions that are similar to those found in sequentially hydrogen-bonded hydrates. CA398 films that are annealed at high temperatures exhibit decreased water/water interactions at high RH. Exposure of CA398 films to D/sub 2/O converts > 90% of all polymer OH groups to OD groups. This indicates that water is accessible to nearly all regions of the polymer containing OH groups. Annealing does not alter this accessibility but does reduce the total water content by roughly half, at 100% RH. Hydrogen-bonded C=O groups are associated with a band centered at 1731 cm/sup -1/ whichmore » increases in intensity with increasing water content in the film but does not shift in frequency. 38 references, 16 figures, 1 table.« less


The derivation and numerical implementation of a linearized version of the gyrokinetic (GK) Coulomb collision operator (Jorge et al., J. Plasma Phys., vol. 85, 2019, 905850604) and of the widely used linearized GK Sugama collision operator (Sugama et al., Phys. Plasmas, vol. 16, 2009, 112503) is reported. An approach based on a Hermite–Laguerre moment expansion of the perturbed gyrocentre distribution function is used, referred to as gyromoment expansion. This approach allows the considering of arbitrary perpendicular wavenumber and expressing the two linearized GK operators as a linear combination of gyromoments where the expansion coefficients are given by closed analytical expressions that depend on the perpendicular wavenumber and on the temperature and mass ratios of the colliding species. The drift-kinetic (DK) limits of the GK linearized Coulomb and Sugama operators are also obtained. Comparisons between the gyromoment approach and the DK Coulomb and GK Sugama operators in the continuum GK code GENE are reported, focusing on the ion-temperature-gradient instability and zonal flow damping, finding an excellent agreement. It is confirmed that stronger collisional damping of the zonal flow residual by the Sugama GK model compared with the GK linearized Coulomb (Pan et al., Phys. Plasmas, vol. 27, 2020, 042307) persists at higher collisionality. Finally, we show that the numerical efficiency of the gyromoment approach increases with collisionality, a desired property for boundary plasma applications.


The indoor mycotoxins inhalation exposure of patients (n=25) was studied using a highvolume air sampler (60 cfm x 24 h) with a micropore-paper filter (8x11 inches). The filters were evaluated for cytotoxicity caused by mycotoxins using the MTT-cell culture bioassay and by culture identification. A subset of samples was analyzed with an enzyme-immuno assay for occurrence of macrocyclic trichothecenes produced by Stachybotrys chartarum and HPLC-DAD and GC-MS analyses for different mycotoxins. Highly toxic air samples (IC50 ≤ 31 mg/ml) were found in seven cases; moderate toxicities (IC50 > 31 to ≤ 125 mg/ml) in 14 cases, and four cases were not toxic compared to controls. The subset testing demonstrated that macrocyclic trichothecenes and other mycotoxins could become airborne. In conclusion, an inhalation risk could be confirmed (84% of cases) with the 24-hour high volume air sampling test method due to the detection of airborne cytotoxic fungal particles and specific mycotoxins, including trichothecenes produced by Stachybotrys fungi. INDEX TERMS Indoor mycotoxins, Cytotoxicity, MTT bioassay, Stachybotrys c., Inhalation risk INTRODUCTION Mycotoxins consist of a group of more than 400 chemical compounds produced by several fungal genera and species. The production of mycotoxins is dependent on the toxigenicity of the particular fungal strain, the composition of the substrate and various external factors such as water activity, pH-value, temperature, oxygen and the presence of competitive microorganisms. In indoor environments the occurrence of several fungal species and mycotoxins has been demonstrated, typically after significant water damage and with high moisture on cellulose materials. Mycotoxins produced by fungi (i.e., Stachybotrys chartarum (S.c.)) may be causal agents in non-agricultural exposures that are associated with immune suppression and central nervous system disorders. Toxic effects of mycotoxins in humans have been discussed primarily in the context of ingestion related poisoning, but to a much lesser degree related to inhalation risk. This appears to be due to prior sampling difficulties and analytical limitations. In the past indoor air microbial investigations and exposure assessments have generally relied on mycological identification using viableand non-viable methods (culture ID, fungal spore counts, bulk and air sampling), which may give qualitative or quantitative information about the presence of particular fungi, but not its particular properties (toxicity?). Laboratory chemical analyses of bulk materials from contamited homes do not necessarily reflect the true conditions in the buildings ("in vivo toxicity") and may therefore be misleading. Clinical experience shows that a variety of patients working or living in buildings * Contact author email: firstname.lastname@example.com Proceedings: Indoor Air 2002


We developed surplus production models for 12 demersal fish species in the Gulf of Maine at the single-species and aggregate-species levels. Summed single-species production model reference points were higher than estimates from the aggregate surplus production model. The equilibrium yield (maximum sustainable yield, MSY) and biomass at MSY (BMSY) levels for the summed single-species production model reference points exceeded the aggregate model results by 28.0 and 27.5%, respectively. Biological interactions such as predation and competition are potential reasons for differences between the aggregate and summed results. Not accounting for biological interactions may result in overly optimistic predictions of long-term sustainable yield and unrealistically high estimates of BMSY. We found high concordance between single-species production model reference points and results from a range of other estimation methods employed in assessment of these species, suggesting that the results from the aggregate production model analyses are not artifacts related to model type. Tests for the effect of environmental variables, including the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) index, the winter North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index, and the Extended Reconstructed Sea Surface Temperature (ERSST) series suggested possible effects of the NAO at a lag of 0 and the ERSST at a lag of 2 yr based on crosscorrelation analyses. However, further tests proved inconclusive when the covariates were intro duced into an extended surplus production model. Given the potential shifts in productivity that can accompany climate change, this issue should be periodically re-evaluated, and, where appropriate, a more dynamic approach to setting reference points should be pursued.


PURPOSE
One of the critical difficulties in design of a high-resolution retinal implant is the proximity of stimulating electrodes to the target cells. This is a report of a phenomenon of retinal cellular migration into a perforated membrane that may help to address this problem.

METHODS
Mylar membranes with an array of perforations (3-40 microm in diameter) were used as a substrate for in vitro retinal culture (chicken, rats) and were also transplanted into the subretinal space of adult RCS rats. A membrane was also constructed with a seal on one side to restrict the migration.

RESULTS
Retinal tissue in vitro grew within 3 days through perforations of greater than 5 microm in diameter when the membranes were positioned on the photoreceptor side, but no migration occurred if the implant was placed on the inner retinal surface. Histology with light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) demonstrated that migrating cells retain neuronal structures for signal transduction. Similar growth of RCS rat retinal cells occurred in vivo within 5 days of implantation. A basal seal kept the migrating tissue within a small membrane compartment.

CONCLUSIONS
Retinal neurons migrate within a few days into perforations (> 5 microm in diameter) of a membrane placed into the subretinal space. This may provide a means of gaining close proximity between electrodes in a retinal prosthetic chip and target cells, and thus allow a greater density of stimulating elements to subserve higher resolution. Further studies are needed to explore the long-term stability of the retinal migration.


Pediatric obesity continues to be a significant and costly clinical concern, especially in the rural primary care settings of Appalachian Kentucky. This article discusses a survey of primary care providers in eastern Kentucky that assesses current practice, perceived barriers, and perceived needs in the prevention, screening, and treatment of pediatric obesity. Results indicate the inconsistent implementation of Expert Committee guidelines, especially in regard to addressing patient motivation and psychological sequelae. Implications for training, policy, and integration with behavioral health experts are discussed. Objectives This study assessed providers' present practices and perceived needs in Appalachian Kentucky to identify the standard of care and implementation of expert recommendations for managing pediatric obesity. Methods Questionnaire data were gathered from 28 providers at a pediatric obesity continuing medical education workshop in eastern Kentucky. We assessed current practices, perceived barriers to treatment, and needed resources for managing pediatric obesity. Results Respondents reported mixed adherence to expert recommendations, with providers less frequently addressing family-reported barriers to change and assessing a family's readiness to change behaviors related to pediatric obesity. Respondents also reported service barriers related to patient motivation, lack of time with patients, and a lack of referral options. Finally, providers reported needing multiple community resources to better address pediatric obesity, including improved physical education programs, access to community recreation centers, additional referral resources for multidisciplinary care, and additional training in motivational techniques. Conclusions There remains a significant need for education and guidance regarding the implementation of expert recommendations for addressing pediatric obesity in Appalachian Kentucky. Providers reported needing multiple community resources, including improved physical education programs, access to community recreation centers, additional referral resources for multidisciplinary care, and additional training in motivational techniques. We discuss the implications for disseminating and implementing expert recommendations in rural eastern Kentucky, with an emphasis on the roles of behavioral health experts.


To achieve the scientific management and efficient utilization of light material corrosion data,the assessment,standardization and classification of corrosion data are carried on,data structure design is based on the Oracle,and the nine types of light materials corrosion data are archived and warehoused.A Corrosion data application system with lean structure and high availability is developed,mainly based on J2EE platform and combined with Struts,Spring and Hibernate framework techniques,which can provide users with a variety of consulting services via Web to shared materials corrosion test results for integrating a variety of functions such as data storage,management,query,corrosion prediction and protection system recommend.


Pharyngeal foreign bodies are quite common. The diagnosis is usually clinical. The risk of complications including retropharyngeal abscess and mediastinitis are very low depending on the nature of foreign body and the duration taken for intervention. We share a challenging case of retropharyngeal abscess secondary to embedded foreign body in a Down syndrome patient, who presented with the sole presentation of torticollis. Surgical intervention with difficulties was performed with favourable outcome.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.18(3) 2019 p.641-645


An attempt was made to determine molecular parameters of cellulose dissolved in simple solvents. Cellulose regenerated from a cuprammonium solution of acid-hydrolized cotton linters was found to dissolve molecularly, without suffering molecular degradation, into 6 wt% aqueous LiOH solution by choosing an adequate condition. The apparent weight-average molecular weight Mw*, of cellulose obtained by light scattering in a non-dialyzed aqueous LiOH, was converted into the correct weight-average molecular weight Mw with the aid of the data on Mw* and Mw for a dialyzed cadoxen solution of cellulose. The Mark–Houwink–Sakurada equation for cellulose in aq LiOH was [η]=2.78×10−2Mw0.79 at 25°C {[η]; limiting viscosity number}. The Flory's viscosity parameter Φ for this system was significantly smaller than the theoretical value for unperturbed chains at non-draining limit, showing a molecular weight dependence. The linear expansion factor for the radius of gyration was always below 1.04 as estimated from the penetration function. The unperturbed chain dimensions were estimated by various methods using the light scattering and/or viscometric data. Cellulose was found to be semiflexible in aq LiOH.


Abstract Background The OPTiMiSE (Optimization of Treatment and Management of Schizophrenia in Europe) trial may help in the identification of predictors of treatment response. Medication naïve patients with first episode schizophrenia or schizophreniform disorder were enrolled in the study and treated open-label for a four-week period with amisulpride. PANSS ratings were undertaken at baseline and following the four-week treatment. 30 non-remitters (as defined by the Andreasen criteria) with the worst change in PANSS scores and the 30 remitters with the best change in PANSS scores were selected to represent good and poor outcome groups. Methods We compared proteomic markers in serum collected prior to treatment in 30 patients who subsequently showed a good response to amisulpride ("responders", and 30 patients who did not show a good response ("non-responders"). Serum samples were depleted using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) attached to a MARS column to remove the 14 most abundant plasma proteins (albumin, IgG, antitrypsin, IgA, transferrin, haptoglobin, fibrinogen, alpha2-macroglobulin, alpha1-acid glycoprotein, IgM, apolipoprotein AI, apolipoprotein AII, complement C3, and transthyretin). The groups were matched for ethnicity, gender and age. 50 µg from each sample were reduced, alkylated, tryptically digested, then zip-tipped to concentrate and purify. Samples were then run for a 90-min gradient on a Thermo Scientific Q- Exactive Hybrid Quadrupole-Orbitrap Mass Spectrometer. Raw MS data were processed by MaxQuant software and searched against the human Uniprot database, for label free quantitation of peptides and proteins. False discovery rates (FDR) were set at 1% for both peptide and protein levels in target/decoy to minimize false positives. The match between runs feature was utilized. Results Four hundred and sixty-four protein identifications were obtained. Samples were excluded where >30% of proteins were missing, and we used imputation, where the missingness depends upon a threshold of detection. This left 228 proteins for analysis. Of these, 21 were significantly different between responders and non-responders (p<0.05), one was FDR positive, one at trend FDR level. Pathway analysis (KEGG, David NIH) of the significant proteins determined "complement and coagulation cascades" to be the top pathway affected with six proteins from the list assigned to the pathway. These were CFI, C4A, C6, F9, VWF and SERPING1, all found to be up-regulated and with p-values ranging from 0.002 to 0.044. C6 is a constituent of the membrane attack complex (MAC) that plays a key role in the innate and adaptive immune response, while CFI belongs to the alternative pathway, C4A belongs to the classical pathway and F9 and VWF play roles in the intrinsic coagulation pathway. Discussion These data complement results by Sekar et al., implicating excessive complement activity in the development of schizophrenia. Our data identifies the complement proteins in treatment response and this is also consistent with our previous findings of up-regulation of the complement pathway among those at risk of future psychotic experiences.


The law regulating the spring-back and expansion of pipes after cold bend by pipe bender is obtained. A linear relationship with hysteresis between the spring-back, the expansion and the forming angle is found for the same batch of pipes under the same working condition within the range of engineering practices. The findings mentioned above are verified by using the theory of elasticity and plasticity. An intelligent measuring apparatus has been devised and used well in production.


Objective To determine changes in intrahepatic portal systemic shunting(IPSS).Methods A rat model of orthotopic liver transplantation(ROLTM)was established by using two-cuff technique,and 48 male SD rats were divided into donor-group and acceptor-group.Rats were divided into 3 groups with each group having 8 rats.Rats in group I,II and III received liver reperfusion 2 hours,4 days and 7 days after successful transplantation,respectively.Liver perfusion was performed in vivo through saphenous vein.Intrahepatic portal systemic shunting was determined by calculating the concentration of D-sorbitol in the venous blood samples by using enzymatic spectrophotometric method.Results Intrahepatic portal systemic shunting in 2 h,4 d and 7 d group were 39.9%,52.3% and 27.6%,respectively.Significant differences were found between above 3 groups in intrahepatic shunting that was much higher than that in normal rats.Conclusion Intrahepatic portal systemic shunting in transplanted livers occurred immediately after recovery of blood-supply,and presented changes where intrahepatic shunting increased in early stage but decreased later on.


Abstract The genus Venanides Mason, 1981 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Microgastrinae) is recorded from Iran for the first time, and a new species, Venanides caspicus Abdoli, Fernandez-Triana & Talebi sp. nov., is described and illustrated. This new species is characterized by its long metasomal tergite 1, that is narrowing towards the posterior end; scutoscutellar sulcus very narrow, obliterated or weakly crenulate; wing veins pale or almost transparent. The newly described taxon is the first representative of Venanides in the Palaearctic Region identified to the species level.


The present invention relates to a novel traction power earth system and method of use, the system includes a power supply system, traction systems and take soil unloading system, take soil unloading system comprises a U-shaped rings, soil storage sleeve, the sleeve upper soil reservoir opening U-rings fixed outer wall welded connection sleeve opening bottom of the reservoir earth outer wall welded connection blade foot retainer lever inside the bottom of the reservoir soil sleeve openings sidewall weld connection at the bottom of the sleeve tube wall soil reservoir connected to the opening shutter valve shaft and the shaft is connected by welding and flip through the valve shaft to achieve a closed and an open valve function can be rotating, U-shaped rings connected by a U-shaped fixed rope rings and connected to the power traction rope. The present invention takes the dump system through the blade foot achieve insertion borrow features and connection through pulleys B connecting the traction system by rotating the valve can achieve the dump function, an effective solution to the small inner diameter PHC pile soil easily remove the technical problems, cost savings and improve efficiency.


Intertextuality is one of the artistic phenomena that have a great impact in the overall aesthetical construction of the contemporary poetic discourse, by which the past is discovered or read via the present in order to express the particularity and quirk of its creator in portraying the reality. If the poetic script is a network of quotations, it will mean that the poet is open to the human memory in accordance with a set of rules by which the notions, terms and fundamentals of intertextuality are based. These items are explored and discussed in the study introduction, and then he continued by presenting the concept of popular literature and its significance as being an integral part of the nation, its national identity and cultural subsistence. Tawfiq Zayyad's employment and use of the popular literature in his poems manifests his profound awareness of heritage; being the bridge attaching his desire of merging and integrating within the earth with direct communication with the group or the community. This aspect is represented by employing the narrators, stories, lyrics, traditions, and proverbs, which he frequently used out of their inherited denotations to express new and creative connotations. Hence, he succeeded in creating a vivid domain for interaction between him and the people pulse. The poem has, then, an influential and impressive energy as well as a vigorous presence in expressing and revealing the reality and ambitions for a better humanitarian future.


The invention relates to a machine (100) for filling and sealing of, in particular of hard gelatin existing capsules (c) with a feed wheel (20), which is rotatably mounted in a vertical axis (24) and is at least intermittently moving with the outer circumference of arranged feed wheel (20) receiving segments (21; 31) for in each case a certain number of capsules (C) and with the circulation path of the feed wheel (20) arranged processing stations (1 to 12) for the capsules (C). According to the invention it is provided that the feed wheel (20) has a drive (25), by means of which at least the conveyor and the conveying direction of the conveyor wheel (20) at a conveying cycle is variably adjustable.


12 strains of aerobic and 10 strains of anaerobic spore forming "thiaminase bacteria" -capable of producing extra cellular thiaminase-were isolated from the intestinal contents of 52 top-shells (Turbo cornutusSOLANDER), 6 of which contained both of aerobic and anaerobic "thiaminase bacteria".Their biological characteristics were compared with Bergey's Manual 1957 and traditional classification.All strains of the aerobic "thiaminase bacteria" isolated were identified as belonging toBacillus thiaminolyticusand some of the anaerobic bacteria were closely related toClostridium sporogenesand others toClostridium parabotulinuni."Thiaminase I" was rarely detected from the intestinal contents, though the potent enzyme was always proved in the tissues of the internal organs.


In this paper, we propose two methods to compute the double Hilbert transform of periodic functions. First, we establish the quadratic formula of trigonometric interpolation type for double Hilbert transform and obtain an estimation of the remainder. We call this method 2D mechanical quadrature method (2D‐MQM). Numerical experiments show that 2D‐MQM outperforms the library function "hilbert" in Matlab when the values of the functions being handled are very large or approach to infinity. Second, we propose a complex analytic method to calculate the double Hilbert transform, which is based on the 2D adaptive Fourier decomposition, and the method is called as 2D‐HAFD. In contrast to the pointwise approximation, 2D‐HAFD provides explicit rational functional approximations and is valid for all signals of finite energy.


2. Referenced Documents 2.1 ASTM Standards: E3 Guide for Preparation of Metallographic Specimens E7 Terminology Relating to Metallography E562 Test Method for Determining Volume Fraction by Systematic Manual Point Count E1245 Practice for Determining the Inclusion or SecondPhase Constituent Content of Metals by Automatic Image Analysis E1920 Guide for Metallographic Preparation of Thermal Sprayed Coatings


Thirty rats were given a dose of 600 r followed within 2 hours by the subcutaneous injection of 0.03 ml CCl/sub 4/ per 100 g body weight. Control groups received either irradiation or CCl/sub 4/ alone. The animals were bled on the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 7th, 10th, and 14th days and the serums tested against the rat liver antigens in the complement-fixation test. The results showed that only those animals which had received CCl/sub 4/ alone gave positive tests. The irradiation had thus effectively prevented the serologic response normally found after CCl/sub 4/ injection. Histological preparations showed that irradiation did not prevent the toxic effect of the CCl/sub 4/ on the liver. The factor is not present in the gamma -globulin fraction on cellulose column chromatography and seems likely to be a macroglobulin on the basis of its heat lability and its susceptibility to a thiol reducing agent. Failure to induce a passive cutaneous anaphylaxis reaction in the guinea pig is compatible with this. It is suggested that tissue injury results in a similar release of denatured tissue breakdown products into the circulation and subsequent antibody formation. Histological examination of rat livers after CCl/sub 4/ injections show the closemore » relation of the presence of antibody and liver damage; a higher proportion of animals with antibody show damage on the 3rd day than have damage without antibody. However, there is no invariable correlation between damage to liver and presence of antibody. Possible explanations for animals without antibody are given. (BBB)« less


In this Ph.D thesis, we develop a model framework for assessment of operational risks, in four stages. We start with a process flow chart detailing sequence of actions and an overview of the model framework at a glance. We show in this process flow chart key steps for identification and specification of important treasury activities, sub activities, decisions making points etc. Then we develop a basic framework for identifying KRIs with respect to risk sensitivity and severity. After this KRI framework, in the third step of the model, we propose a comprehensive framework showing relationship among various operational risk contributing factors- people, process, systems and external events, their strategy, structure and execution for controls, checks and balances, internal and external changes. Since our research results show people as the most important risk-contributing factor, we develop, in the fourth and final step of the model a framework for identifying and mitigating people related operational risk factor. Thus, we complete our model framework in four stages. The proposed model framework is based on KRIs/RCSA approach, which provides a methodological advantage over the traditional statistical techniques, since in this framework, the qualitative aspects of ORCs viz importance of risk severity, their frequency and relationship among various operational risk contributing factors- people, process, systems and external events can be reviewed frequently and consistently. With this cyclical and concurrent review of all the four stages of the model framework, this may help in understanding the existing risks, known risks, unknown risk, misses, near misses, present threats and future risks and the like and based on these review, risk mitigation techniques can be implemented in time.


Abstract A new species of Tertiary chiton, Notoplax buicki sp. nov., is described from the Dry Creek Sands (Pliocene, Yatalan) from South Australia. The new species most closely resembles the extant N. speciosa, but is distinguished from it by the elongate lateral teeth on the sides of the jugum, and the more triangular pustules which are not differentiated on the low diagonal rib separating the lateral and pleural areas.


This paper mainly discusses the major factors affecting the attenuation of optical fiber's jointing,the measures to reduce and the method to test the attenuation.as well as the fixation of the connection box.


DOI: https://doi.org/10.33262/concienciadigital.v4i1.1.1552 Introduction. Academic performance is a quantitative methodology that allows to measure the amount of information received by students after having completed an academic period, which must be at least 70% to promote to the next higher grade. Objective. Determine the academic performance of the subject Methodology of Scientific Research in the Polytechnic School of Chimborazo, Morona Santiago headquarters. Methodology: the research was developed considering the 64 students: 32 from the Environmental Engineering career, 17 from the Zootechnical Engineering career and 15 from the Mining career; For which the academic evaluation records of the first, second, third partial and final of the period between September 2018 February 2019 were used, the results were analyzed with the unbalanced statistical model and comparison of means according to Tukey (p<0.05). Results: The students of the Environmental engineering career in the first quarter reached an average of 7.16 / 8.00 points, being statistically different (p <0.01) from the average reached by the students of the Zootechnics and Mines career. The academic performance of the group of students from the three careers analyzed in the second and third quarter was not significant (p> 0.05), while for the final exam the highest performance corresponds to the Environmental 1 Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo Sede Morona Santiago. firstname.lastname@example.com, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2011-3128 2 Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo Sede Morona Santiago. firstname.lastname@example.com, https://orcid.org/0000.0001-6975-8539 3 Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo Sede Morona Santiago. email@example.com, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2011-3128 4 Investigadora independiente, Morona Santiago. email@example.com, ISSN: 2600-5859 Vol. 4, N°1.1, p. 166-175, Febrero, 2021 Desarrollo económico Página 167 www.concienciadigital.org Engineering career and the students of the career Zootechnics registered the lowest average.


A new principle of a fine regulation applied on the high voltage line supplying a pulsed load (radartube) is presented. The high voltage power supply system is a combination of a single series resonant converter and an efficient capacitor multiplier in the output stages. The electronic powerconversion system is using a Schwarz converter employing a series resonant circuit for transfer and control of power. An internal frequency of 35 kHz enhances the power density of the converter model. This model provides 16 kV for the helix-cathode circuit of a klystron with an accuracy of 0,5 °/oo (per mille) and 11 kV for the collector-cathode circuit with an accuracy of 5%. The presentation is supported by experimentally acquired data. The improved high voltage power supply should lessen the problems associated with high voltage transformers and the high accuracy required for the voltage control for the helix-cathode circuit to avoid the distorsion in the returning signal of a space borne radar system.


In order to meet the heavy plate production of small quantities,more variety,more process,more than the actual requirement, combined with a casting process requirements and advanced computer technology,integrated MES system,making a variety of production data and special production requirements is accurate andtimely sent to the scene of the execution system,taking into account the quality and efficiency;group board,group furnace,model group poured to create the conditions for large-scale production,taking into account the cost and efficiency.Accurate tracking model to ensure the timely delivery of products to each material contract,thus ensuring higher customer satisfaction.The system uses sophisticated three-tier system,the database uses the stability of the Oracle database technology,stage development tool VS2008,database and application servers of the mainstream to adopt the IBM Aix operating system,to ensure the stability of the system,efficient and safe.The transaction middleware Tuxedo processing business logic.Through the implementation of the MES solution of various problems of the manufacturing sector.


[Your extended abstract should be no longer than 1500 words following a research paper structure (e.g., introduction, theoretical foundation/literature review, research methodology, research findings, and conclusions and implications). The reference style for the conference is that of the American Psychological Association (APA). The box will 'expand' over pages as you add text/diagrams into it.] Svetla Stoyanova-Bozhkova, Faculty of Management, Bournemouth university, the UK Email: firstname.lastname@example.com


When we sent out for help with a piece on female Arthurian scholars, we had no idea what a rich set of responses we would receive. What follows is an eclectic collection of over twenty short pieces on international female Arthurian scholars, past and present: some are very personal reminiscences, some more formal appreciations, but together they constitute the start of a wonderful bank of information recording the impact female scholars have made on our field. This is not a comprehensive, or selective, survey: we hope this initial chapter will be the inspiration for more submissions for future issues of JIAS, so we can continue to collect these histories. Please get in touch if you would like to offer an entry; meanwhile, we hope you enjoy this compendium, and send thanks to all our valiant contributors who responded with such speed and enthusiasm to our SOS! Samantha Rayner


Ergonomics and Aerosol Technology, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, SE-22100, Lund, Sweden. Department of Physics, Lund University, Professorsgatan 1, SE-22100, Lund, Sweden. Department of Chemistry and iNANO, University of Aarhus, Langelandsgade 140, DK8000, Aarhus C, Denmark. Aerodyne Research Inc., 45 Manning Road, Billerica, Massachusetts 01821, United States. Department of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Ave., Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States. Department of Applied Environmental Science & Bert Bolin Center for Climate Research, Stockholm University, ITM / Stockholms Universitet, SE-10691, Stockholm, Sweden. Corresponding Author. Phone: +358 9 191 51694, Fax: +358 9 191 50860. E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com. Present Address: Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, DK8000, Aarhus C, Denmark.


The expiratory bradypnoea indicative of upper airway irritation in mice was evaluated during a 60‐min oronasal exposure to increasing concentrations of chlorine and nitrogen trichloride. The airborne concentration resulting in a 50% decrease in the respiratory rate of mice (RD50) was calculated for each chemical. Chlorine and nitrogen trichloride showed dissimilar concentration‐response curves. While the maximal response of nitrogen trichloride was reached in 10 min, the maximal response of chlorine was reached between 45 and 60 min of exposure. The results showed both chemicals to have an irritant potency of the same order of magnitude. The RD50 values of chlorine and nitrogen trichloride were 3.5 and 2.5 ppm, respectively. On the basis of a TLV‐STEL (threshold limit value for short‐term exposure limit) equal to 0.1 RD50 and a TLV‐TWA (time‐weighted average) equal to 0.03 RD50, the current TLVs for chlorine seem too high (1 and 0.5 ppm, respectively) and should be reduced to 0.5 and 0.1 ppm, respectively. For nitrogen trichloride, 0.3 ppm and 0.1 ppm are proposed as TLV‐STEL and TLV‐TWA, respectively.


The percentage of the tertiary industry on GDP and the respective employment percentage relation in our country is far lower than developed countries,and even lower or approach the developing countries.It's important to study the percentage of every layer within the tertiary industry's increasing and the respective employment percentage relation within the tertiary industry.Through contrastive study we can find out: there is saturation point in the percentage of the first layer in tertiary industry,but it can also absorb lots of employments,especially wholesale retail business,restaurant industry;It second layer is the main forces of employment absorption,finance,real estate and social service;The employment rate is low in the third layer;The employment proportion of the forth layer is too large.


This paper considers the idea of a "Karnataka model of development," with its emphasis on technology and governance led development. It is the introduction to a Symposium in Economic and Political Weekly on "Governance and Development in Karnataka." Based on the papers in the Symposium, and on the wider literature, the paper explores the interpretation and application of the idea. It argues that while some of Karnataka's experience does indeed conform to the model and thus holds out lessons for development, there are significant gaps between reality and the model, and these gaps have lessons for development as well.


Energy auditors have traditionally considered energy conservation opportunities as being independent of other industrial opportunities, such as waste reduction/pollution prevention, and other management issues relating to productivity. The authors experience has indicated that energy conservation decisions are not viewed as independent by management in industry, and that many otherwise attractive modifications are not undertaken due to their relation to other production issues. The energy audit team cannot afford to be naive to the bottom line corporate mentality of the industrial managers involved. If a recommendation cannot be shown to have a secondary or even tertiary benefit to the company, the project cannot be sold to management. In this paper the authors introduce an integrated system approach in which the authors consider such factors as risk, internal yields, and defect rates, and a procedure the authors call industrial triage, using experiences gathered from assessments at a styrofoam cup manufacturer, glass bottle manufacturer, and a tire manufacturer. These companies are similar in that the raw materials can be recycled back into the product in the event these materials are spilled, misused, are incorporated in internal defects, or otherwise wasted. Such firms consistently report that they have little or no defects, since theymore » do not have a specific expense in disposing of the defective product. Energy-only recommendations can have little or no impact on the productivity of a manufacturing plant. Worse, these recommendations can have a negative effect, or be considered too risky. In many industries, energy costs are a small portion of the production costs. Competition for capital is strong, and equipment purchases that increase production, or profits, will generally be favored. Internal defects have costs that are difficult to measure or estimate, such as labor for rework, moving or relocating the materials, space to warehouse raw materials or products, or even space to expand operations. An intimate knowledge of a corporations' burden, market share, and financial stability is necessary in order for the assessment team to gain the confidence of management; failure to do so can be disastrous. Excessive movement, redundant inspections, scheduling issues, and floor layout are critical issues, and ones that are sometimes impossible to evaluate during a short visit to a plant. Before an energy audit is made, much information must be gathered, such as tax rates and purchasing policies (including acceptable defect rates of the raw materials from suppliers). These issues are forcing the one-dimensional energy expert to expand into previously unchartered territories. This paper will attempt to illustrate some generic necessities, but also use actual experiences of the Office of Industrial Productivity and Energy Assessment team at Rutgers University in three facilities to highlight the industrial triage method of presenting the client with an integrated package of analysis of the efficiency of their production facility and methods.« less


The present invention includes the steps and, the steps of: dividing the original image data into at least one block and generates the processing image data obtained by calculating an average of said original image data by the block, the original image data to generate original image data and the above is the pixel-by-pixel or block-specific differences in processing image data is close to the boundary control method for a digital video signal processing apparatus comprising: reducing a first contribution of the original image data and to increase the second contribution of the processed image data, and it provides a digital video signal processor operating according to the control method.