Solar induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) from vegetation can now be obtained from satellites as well as ground-based field studies, at select wavelengths associated with atmospheric features. At the leaf level, full spectrum (650-800 nm) chlorophyll emissions (ChlF) can be measured using specialized instrumentation to support interpretation of these SIF observations. We found that ChlF spectra differ for leaf bottoms versus upper leaf surfaces, potentially affecting within-canopy radiative scattering. Our ChlF measurements for leaves of eight tree species (n≥125) obtained during fall 2013 senescence at the Duke Forest in North Carolina, USA and the 2014 growing season (n=72) at the USDA cornfield in Beltsville, MD, USA also demonstrate the benefit of acquiring measurements for both the Red and Far-Red emission peaks. The Red/Far-Red ChlF Ratio was strongly related to both the Photochemical Reflectance Index (PRI) for corn leaves (r≥0.76) and tree leaves (r≥0.89) and to a PSII Photosynthesis Efficiency parameter (r~0.90).


Multipliers are an essential part in DSP and VLSI design. Among conventional multipliers Booth multiplier is widely used. The aim of this paper is to plan a Booth multiplier which can give better execution attributes, for example, rapid, low force, less area than the other regular multipliers. This paper considers a Booth multiplier using a modified SQRT CSLA (Square Root Carry-select-adder). Modified SQRT CSLA is possible to incorporate by using BEC (Binary to excess one converter) or a CBL instead of a RCA (Ripple Carry Adder). CBL is most efficient when compared to BEC so CBL is preferred in designing a Booth multiplier.


ABSTRACT
 Increasingly severe extreme weather events (EWEs) threaten population health in Asia-Pacific. Resilient health systems can minimize health risks by improving EWE preparedness, response, and recovery. However, how health systems demonstrate resilience is less understood in the emerging resilience literature. The objective of this scoping review was to describe how peer-reviewed and grey literature has operationalized health system resilience to EWEs in Asia-Pacific. Included sources were available in English, published from 2000 to 2019, and focused on health system activity in Asia-Pacific for EWE risk management. The World Health Organization's climate-resilient health system framework and building block model guided analysis of 49 sources. Health system activity was categorized by system building blocks. Assets and/or gaps to resilience were identified based on whether building blocks facilitated or impeded EWE risk management. Sources mostly focused on the Philippines (29%), India (16%) and Thailand (14%), with lower income economies and Pacific Island countries underrepresented. Floods (47%), typhoons (27%), and cyclones (16%) were frequently discussed while no sources mentioned droughts. Financing was the least mentioned building block (27%) and often described as a gap to resilience (24%). Overall, this review highlights opportunities for future research to develop EWE resilient health systems in Asia-Pacific and beyond.


Objective: To investigate the turnover intention and its related factors in nurses from Beijing social welfare system.Methods: A total of 320 nurses from 6 social welfare institutions in Beijing were investigated with the personal data collection form,Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Service Survey,Social Support Rating Scales,Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire,and Chinese Perceived Stress Scale,and 311 questionnaires were returned.Results:(1)Seventy three(23.5%)nurses had turnover intention and 18(5.8%)nurses had concrete plan to quit.Sixty one nurses with high degree and 12 nurses with secondary degree had turnover intention,and nurses with high degree were more inclined to quit(χ2=6.534,P=0.011).37.8% nurse who had been in their current position for 6-10 years wanted to quit,more than those nurses with other tenure.(2)Emotional exhaustion,depersonalization and tension of nurses with turnover intention were higher [(28.14±9.69)vs.(20.61±8.69),(7.20±4.44)vs.(5.59±4.49),(21.66±3.87)vs.(19.69±3.55);Ps0.01],while social support was lower[(34.44±7.16)vs.(37.83±7.37),P0.01] than those without turnover intention.(3)The only variables contributing directly to turnover intentions in the Forward Conditional logistic regression were emotional exhaustion and education(β=0.061,1.118;P=0.001,0.029).Marriage status,the feeling of tension and out of control(β=0.137,0.526,0.163;Ps0.01)were significant to emotional exhaustion in the stepwise linear regression.Conclusion:The nurses with higher degree and higher level of emotional exhaustion are more likely to think about quit.Marriage status,the feeling of tension and out of control may influence turnover intentions indirectly through emotional exhaustion.


An AF relay system usually treats the transmitting, relay, together with the receiving as equivalent channel for channel estimations. It is very important to establish a reasonable channel model to simulate the actual scene. In this paper, a novel cooperative channel model framework is proposed for cooperative multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wireless channels. The proposed model framework is adaptable to multiple cooperative MIMO scenarios when the relay's mode is Amplify-and-forward. Given the information of correlation coefficient of transmitting, relay and receiving and the information of Mean and variance of Rayleigh channel, we can simulate the equivalent channel. Matlab simulations show that the equivalent channel is reasonable and the presented channel model can imitate the characters of the AF channel.


360 degree film making necessitates a new language for storytelling. We investigate this issue from the point of view of the user, inferring 360 literacy from what users say about their viewing experiences. The case study is based on material from two user studies on a 360 video profile of an artist. Interviews were analysed using thematic analysis to understand how users made sense of the video. The sense of presence had a strong impact on the experience, while the ability to look around meant new skills had to be developed to try to make sense of 360 video. Viewers had most to say about a few particular shots, and some themes of note emerge: such as being in unusual places, certainty about what should be attended to and focus points, switches between first and third person views, and close-ups and interest.


In this work, we leverage the Uber movement dataset for the Los Angeles (LA) area where partial TAZ to TAZ (Traffic Analysis Zone) trip time data is available, to predict travel time patterns on the full TAZ to TAZ network. We first create a TAZ-TAZ network based on nearest neighbors and propose a model that allows us to complete the (O - D) (Origin-Destination) travel time matrix, using optimization methods such as non-negative least squares. We apply these algorithms to several communities in the TAZ-TAZ network and present insights in the form of completed (O - D) matrices and associated temporal trends. We qualify the error performance and scalability of our flows. We conclude by pointing out the directions in our ongoing work to improve the quality and scale of travel time estimation.


Distribution and inventory are two major components that causes total cost of the product become high. Those two components are not categorized in to the process that added value to the product. This research use Distribution Requirement Planning (DRP) to find the right quantity and short replenishment time in inventory decision that manufacture industries faced to supply their own Distribution Centers and Warehouses in food Company. DRP giving the lower total distribution cost than actual cost. It is because DRP supply products at each Distribution Centers and Warehouses in a minimum quantity using Economic Order Quantity. It also using the similar concept with Material Requirement Planning to find the right delivery time so that it can minimize the total inventory time in The supply chain. DRP can be used to solve the inventory and distribution problem in multi echelon supply chain. From this research, using historical data, DRP gave the minimum total distribution and inventory cost than the initial scenario that company used. Based on DRP result, The total Inventory and Distribution Cost from January to December 2019 is 481.251.325,4.


OBJECTIVE:To investigate the characteristics of pharmaceutical care for critical patients with multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumanni infection.METHODS:Retrospective analysis was applied to analyze the distribution of pathogenic bacteria,drug resistance,therapeutic results and pharmaceutical care in 36 critical patients with multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumanni infection.RESULTS:Multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii had severe drug resistance to antibiotics.It is difficult for critical patients to treat Acinetobacter baumannii infection after infection.CONCLUSION:Clinical pharmacist should be engage in clinical practice,give full play to their clinical expertise and enhance pharmaceutical care.It is very important for prevention of multi-drug resistant strains and appropriate use of drugs that clinical pharmacist be involved in formulating therapeutic regimes for multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii infection and strengthen pharmaceutical care.


In August 1995, measurements of CO, NOx, speciated nonmethane hydrocarbons (NMHC) and CO2 were made in Vancouver's Cassiar Connector, a 73 m long (2437 ft) level grade highway traffic tunnel. Two characteristics of the Vancouver setting are the presence of many propane vehicles and a mandatory inspection and maintenance (I/M) program. Although the driving conditions and vehicle fleets are otherwise outwardly similar to those of recent Tuscarora tunnel studies, CO/NOx ratios at the Cassiar Connector are significantly lower than those measured at Tuscarora. The Cassiar measurements are consistent with the MOBILESA mobile emissions model predictions. The Canadian version of MOBILESA - known as MOBILE5C - gives nearly identical results, indicating that differences between Canadian and U.S. emission standards cannot explain differences between Cassiar and U.S. tunnels. Considering the modeling results as well as measured ethene/acetylene ratios indicative of noncatalyst vehicles, it appears that vehicle deterioration remains the major issue in in-use vehicle emissions - even in Vancouver, where there is a mandatory loaded-model I/M program. Uncertainties in determining the ages of the vehicles in the tunnel, however, have a significant impact on the model predictions.


The utility model discloses a transformer station comprehensive automation skill training system, and the system comprises: a physics model system, the physics model system employs the physics model to form a primary system of 220kV transformer station, and the system simulates a normal operation state and arranged various fault states of the primary system of the 220kV transformer station; and a monitoring system connected with the physics model system, and the monitoring system is used for measurement, monitoring, and protection of the normal operation state and the arranged various fault states of the primary system of the 220kV transformer station simulated by the physics model system. The transformer station comprehensive automation skill training system enables relevant technical personnel to obtain trainings of the transformer station comprehensive automation relevant skills through the system, and training demands of power system to the transformer station comprehensive automation relevant skills are satisfied.


Seventeen accessory pathways (APs ) in 17 patients with preexcitation syndrome were ablated with radiofrequency current. 12 APs in left and 5 in right wall respectively. Two cases had AVN double pathway. The ablation was succeeded in 12 cases with leftAP and 1 case in right AP (77%) .Ⅲ° AVB occurred to case 1. Tachycardia recurred in case 1 during a following-up of 6 months (1/13). It was shown that catheter ablation of accessory pathways with radiofrquency current is an effective therapeutic method for patients with preexcitation syndrome. It was suggested that we should make more studies on catheter ablation of right accessory pathways.


The effect of Cr(Ⅵ) concentration on granule-based enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) system was studied using long-term exposure test. The results showed that low concentrations of Cr(Ⅵ) (less than 0.3 mg · L-1) had no influence on P and COD removal efficiency. However, P and COD removal capability in the system was completely inhibited in the presence of Cr(Ⅵ) over 0.3 mg · L-1. Phosphate accumulating organisms (PAOs) was much more sensitive to Cr(Ⅵ) than glycogen accumulating organism (GAOs) and other bacteria. When the concentration of Cr(Ⅵ) was more than 0.3 mg · L-1, the population of PAOs reduced from 84.26% to 38.40%, but GAOs and other bacteria raised from 8.04% to 28.16% and from 7.70% to 33.44%, respectively. The phenomenon indicated that the decrease of PAOs in granule-based EBPR system was directly responsible for the decrease of P removal efficiency. Correlation analysis showed that both P and COD removal efficiencies were significantly negatively correlated to the intracellular Cr, implying that the accumulation of intracellular Cr was an important factor inducing decline of P and COD removal efficiency. In addition, P and COD removal performances with long-term Cr(Ⅵ) shock could revive after 15 days′ recovery treatment, and finally PAOs could be enriched again in granule-based EBPR system.


Relative to its size and importance among the four imperial services, the central administration of the Ottoman Empire produced few great men. None came close to the fame achieved by its most prolific and multifaceted graduate, Mustafa ibn Abdullah, otherwise known as Katib Celebi and Haci Halife. That is not surprising. A bureaucracy designed to encourage personal excellence and populated by highly idiosyncratic geniuses would hardly function in an administrative capacity. Conformity, not personal excellence, routine, not the deviation of genius, are the strained qualities of bureaucracy. Katib Celebi's frequent and even bitter quarrels with his supervisors serve only to remind the administrative historian that the history of Ottoman bureaucracy is not the history of its great exceptions. If great men be excluded, then, how can life be given to the toiling masses of 'losers' who staffed the bureaus and turned out enormous mountains of paperwork? The common bureaucrat rarely removes his green-eyeshaded turban for the historian's benefit. His personal life remains masked behind an appointment notice and an entry in a payroll register. He might emerge momentarily to win the revenues from an estate or to receive an office title. His retirement on pension might be recorded, as might be his death. The notice of death may indicate the name of his successor and which of his sons, if any, would receive benefits. There is seldom more. Although there are many sources from which we can reconstruct a collective or composite figure for any major period, it is important to remember that such a figure never really existed. There is also the danger that the composite might contain exceptional features that could be mistaken for the norm. As a historian of an institution that has been so emptied by time of its flesh and blood, I have long wanted to find a real loser who, with his comrade losers, kept pen to paper for the duration of a life nasty, brutish, and short. I found my loser in one Mustafa Efendi. Mustafa's death one century after that of his famous namesake occasioned an Ottoman practice that affords us a close look into the private life of a scribe. On 1 Rebiiilahir 1168/3 February 1755 the chief finance officer, the head of the Daybook Bureau, two imperial treasury inspectors, and two representatives of the judiciary assembled in the home of the late Mustafa Efendi, sometime purse bearer (kesedar) for the Bureau of Warrants (riius-u hilmdyun kalemi) and continuing member in the corps of scribes of the imperial council. Their purpose was to witness and seal an inventory of Mustafa Efendi's property occasioned by his death so that the sultan's rights and those of Mustafa's heirs might be respected in accordance with the laws of the dynasty and the Holy Law of Islam. The register is cataloged as item 2448 in the Kamil Kepeci tasnifi of the Basbakanhk Arsivi, Istanbul, Turkey, where I examined it with the following results. The inventory is divided into six sections: (1) personal possessions in Mustafa's home near the Cezerl Kasim Pasa mosque, Istanbul; (2) personal possessions in his Papasoglu-ham office; (3) the belongings of his seven maidservants; (4) the books and


Abstract This paper presents the assessment of historic seismic bridge performance of the New Zealand highway bridge stock from the 1968 Inangahua earthquake through to the 2016 Kaikōura earthquake. Spatial ground motion details based on recorded and observed ground motion intensities were used to estimate the peak ground acceleration (PGA), as a measure of the seismic demand at each bridge location. Across all events, a PGA of 0.05 g or higher was experienced on over 800 occasions across bridge sites. Damage characteristics were collated from available literature, with the majority of the highway bridges experiencing either no damage or only minor damage across all the events. At PGAs greater than 0.5 g, the number of bridges with moderate and major damage was still relatively small. There were also no apparent differences between the performance of bridges across the different design eras, despite the varied design and construction practices. Some shorter bridges may have performed better than expected due to the effect of abutment stiffness and damping, while some longer bridges may have performed well due to travelling wave effects. These findings will inform future assessment methods and design, and the accuracy of analytical modelling of the bridge stock.


Providers of location-based services seek new methods to authenticate the location of their clients. We propose a novel, intelligent infrastructure-based solution that provides spontaneous and transaction-oriented, collusion-resistant mobile device location authentication via an integrated 802.11x wireless access point and 3G femtocell access system. By simply making a voice call while remotely monitoring femtocell activity, a calling party can verify a (cooperating) called party's location even when the participants have no preexisting relationship. We show how such a traffic signature can be reliably detected even in the presence of heavy crosstraffic introduced by other femtocell users. Remarkably, we describe how the verification proceeds without revealing details of the authentication – or even the parties involved – to the location provider.


The present invention provides a method of forming a display apparatus and a display apparatus. The display apparatus comprising: a first auxiliary electrode connected to the first power supply voltage supply line; a second auxiliary electrode is connected via a first electrode connected to the second power supply voltage supply line; includes a scan line, a data line, a first voltage line, the effective pixel region and the second voltage line; and a display driving circuit configured to apply the data voltages to the data terminal connected to the data line, wherein the first auxiliary electrode, the second auxiliary electrode, a first power supply voltage supply line, the first second power source voltage supply line, a data wiring drive circuit and the display frame region located outside of the region corresponding to the active region, a second auxiliary electrode positioned between the first auxiliary electrode and the active region, the first auxiliary electrode at the second auxiliary between the electrode and the display driving circuit.


AIM
Children who have suffered from ovarian torsion may be at increased risk for a repeat event, and after unilateral ovarian loss, the contralateral ovary is at risk for future torsion. Oophoropexy has not been emphasized enough in the literature. We present our experiences with oophoropexy in children.

METHODS
The medical records of 10 patients with ovarian torsion, who underwent oophorectomy and contralateral oophoropexy between April 1992 and April 2003, were reviewed retrospectively. The ovary was connected to the peritoneum of the posterior abdominal wall avoiding a disturbance of the tubo-ovarian anatomic relationship.

RESULTS
The ages of patients ranged from 5 days to 14 years, with a mean age of 7.7 years. The period from onset of symptoms to hospital admission was ranged from 2 hours to 11 months. Only 1 ovary was salvaged after detorsion and bilateral oophoropexy was performed. In the other patients, the torsion caused necrosis, and oophorectomy or salpingo-oophorectomy and contralateral oophoropexy were carried out. Ovarian torsion occurred in 4 previously normal ovaries, in 5 cystic ovaries, and in 1 ovary containing a mature cystic teratoma. Two out of 10 patients had thrombus formation within the vessels of the twisted ovaries. An embolic phenomenon did not develop in any of the cases. At follow-up, all pubertal girls had normal menstrual periods.

CONCLUSIONS
Failure to protect ovaries from subsequent torsions can result in castration, and we performed oophoropexy in both retained detorsed and contralateral ovaries without any postoperative complication. We performed medial oophoropexy to avoid tubo-ovarian disturbance. Oophoropexy is an easy and reversible procedure, and should be done in all cases of ovarian torsion.


Glutamate receptors mediate most excitatory synaptic transmission in the adult vertebrate brain, but their activation in developing neurons also influences developmental processes. However, little is known about the developmental regulation of the subunits composing these receptors. Here we have studied age‐dependent changes in the expression of α‐amino‐3‐hydroxy‐5‐methyl‐4‐isoxazole (AMPA) and N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate (NMDA) receptor subunits in the cochlear nucleus complex (CN), the superior olivary complex (SOC), the nuclei of the lateral lemniscus, and the inferior colliculus of the developing rat. In the lateral superior olive, the medial nucleus of the trapezoid body, and the ventral nucleus of the lateral lemniscus, the distribution of AMPA receptor subunits changed drastically with age. While GluR1 and GluR2 subunits were highly expressed in the first 2 postnatal weeks, GluR4 staining was detectable only thereafter. GluR1 and GluR2 immunoreactivities rapidly decreased during the third postnatal week, with the GluR1 subunits disappearing from most neurons. In contrast, the adult pattern of the distribution of AMPA receptor subunits emerged gradually in most of the other auditory nuclei. Thus, progressive as well as regressive events characterized AMPA receptor development in some nuclei, while a monotonically maturation was seen in other regions. In contrast, the staining patterns of NMDA receptor subunits remained stable or only decreased during the same period. Although our data are not consistent with a generalized pattern of AMPA receptor development, the abundance of GluR1 subunits is a distinctive feature of early AMPA receptors. As similar AMPA receptors are present during plasticity periods throughout the brain, neurons undergoing synaptic and structural remodelling might have a particular need for these receptors.


This paper discusses the extraction of the equivalent circuit of connector pins using time domain measurement and SPICE without relying on any modeling tools. Two coupled connector pins can be represented by an equivalent circuit consisting of six parameters, namely, self capacitance/self-inductance per pin, mutual capacitance between pins and mutual inductance between pins. To extract these parameters from time domain measurements is therefore a non-trivial task since variation of any one of these parameters could produce a change in the total response. Hence a systematic extraction algorithm has been discussed in this paper using a combination of stand-alone, common mode and differential mode measurements.


The extracellular matrix (ECM) plays an important role in cell to cell signaling pathways. Our goal is to provide a full laboratory guide for students to study gene expression in zebrafish embryos by in situ hybridization. Prior to our study, the laboratory had observed disorganized and shortened cilia in cells that are important for cell signaling in the pronephric duct and neural tube floor plate of the zebrafish embryo. Ciliogenesis depends on a master transcriptional regulator, foxj1a, whose mRNA expression can be monitored through in situ hybridization and microscopic imaging. Knockdown morpholino-injected, control mismatched morpholino-injected, and uninjected embryos were fixed to determine if foxj1a transcription is qualitatively affected by ECM gene knockdown. Our results showed that the knockdown embryos portrayed an inconsistent foxj1a signal strength along the length of the pronephric duct, when compared to analysis of control mismatched and wild-type uninjected embryos. We created this manuscript for other students to observe how ECM gene knockdown can affect foxj1a mRNA expression, but also to give them a guide to the tools they would need to explore their own genes of interest, in zebrafish or in many other organisms and tissues. Received: 02/062017 Accepted: 04/10/2017 Correspondence: Aarushi Kalra and Di Xia, Augusta University, 1120 15 St. Augusta, GA 30912, firstname.lastname@example.com and email@example.com .


This study compared the performance of two constructed wetland mesocosms used to model a full-scale wetland system designed for treatment of copper-contaminated wastewater. One mesocosm (designated site-specific) was built near the construction site of the full-scale wetland using on-site soil, commercially available vegetation [Scirpus californicus (C.A. Meyer) Steud.], and water from the targeted wastestream. A second mesocosm (designated generic) was constructed at Clemson University using local soil, cultured S. californicus, and local municipal water amended with CuSO{sub 4}. Performance objectives were to achieve 22 m g/L total copper and no toxicity (Ceriodaphnia dubia Richard, 7-d/static/ renewal) in wetland outflows. Total inflow copper to the site-specific and generic mesocosms ranged from non-detect to 87 {micro} g/L and from 27 to 68 {micro} g/L, respectively. Overall total copper removal was 40% ({+-}33) for the site-specific mesocosm and 73% ({+-}14) for the generic mesocosm. In seven of nine monthly toxicity tests, C. dubia reproduction was significantly decreased ({alpha} = 0.05) in outflow of the site-specific mesocosm. No outflow toxicity was observed for the generic mesocosm. Although performance of the two mesocosms differed, both studies contributed to full-scale design by highlighting critical aspects of wetland function and augmenting operation and maintenance plans, enhancing overallmore » constructed wetland design.« less


Abstract The Dialogical Self Theory model represents a fruitful perspective to make sense of self development within a dynamic perspective. Thanks to the inspiring ideas of Bakhtin and William James, the theoretical elaborations by Hermans of a dialogical self (DS) stands out as a promising approach to investigate the co-construction processes of self construction and development. Based on Hermans' ideas, we conceive the DS as a complex system where multiple I-positions engage in permanent dialogues along ontogeny. Here we present a theoretical contribution highlighting the major role played by complex and interacting sociocultural factors—diverse cultural practices and beliefs—and affect-laden experiences in self co-construction. The concept of values is particularly stressed as an organizing field (Valsiner, 2007) for self-development. The argument is illustrated with the narrative of a homosexual 25 years-old woman who struggled with different, and apparently contradictory, I-positions. Strong Catholic and family values interact with her homosexual experiences, and such internal dialogues, in interaction with her lived-through experiences within specific sociocultural contexts, give rise to a significant Missionary I-position within the gay community.


This issue of Design Issues explores topics of continuing relevance. It first contains a major collection of special issue essays on the construction of a design history. Also included is a book review on the significance of time in the design of history, a reflective essay on the evolution of design for disability locating it in a new climate of postUniversal Design, and an exhibition review offering some thoughts on our shifting sense of materiality in post-COVID environments. The articles assembled by the guest editors of this special issue of Design Issues explore the designation of "Swiss graphic design," "Swiss typography," or "Swiss style" as an international standard applicable to a variety of media, such as, posters, books, corporate identities, and signage systems. This visual standard was claimed to be one of the country's leading products when proposed to UNESCO in 2014 as an Intangible Cultural Heritage. The guest editors and authors of this special issue observe that the history of Swiss design was initially built by a group of Western, male designers writing about selected objects in a small number of prestigious professional journals, and that many of those texts set out to address a targeted audience of design enthusiasts, which so resulted in a neat history of Swiss graphic design. Hence, this served to reduce its rich past to a small number of actors working within a more narrowly defined timeframe. The guest editors and authors also point out, that because many of these histories were not driven by research questions, they seldom entered into academic discourse or dealt with the complex underlying structures of design research, education, and practice. So, this special issue revisits the history of Swiss graphic design and typography, not as a monolithic label or style, but as a multi-faceted construction within an international discourse. This work has been supported by a grant from the Swiss National Science Foundation—making it their largest funded project in the field of design research. In his review of Design, History and Time: New Temporalities in a Digital Age, Stephen Boyd Davis considers the different emphases of its three sections—the first being dominated by perceptions of time, the second with the interpretation of historical material evidence, and the third with designs that seem to explicitly engage with time. He suggests that one thing clearly emerging from these essays


Solar energy can be utilized mainly in heat generation and electricity production. International energy agency (IEA) shows, in a comparative study on the world energy consumption that in 2050 solar arrays installation will provide about 45% of world energy demand. Solar energy is one of the most important renewable energy source which plays a great role in providing energy solutions. As known there is wide variety of types of collectors and applications of solar energy. This paper aimed to make a short review on solar energy systems, according to types of collectors and applications used.


In this paper, we use MHOGA software for the optimization of an AC-coupled utility-scale PV-plus-battery system. Batteries are used for price arbitrage, being charged with the photovoltaic (PV) generation during hours of low electricity price and discharged during hours of high price. The correct estimation of the battery lifetime has great importance in the calculation of the net present value, to do this advanced models for estimating the Li-ion battery lifetime (considering cycle and calendar ageing) are used. With present components costs, considering the Spanish SPOT price of 2021 with an expected increase of 1% annual, the AC coupled utility-scale PV-plusbattery isn't economically viable comparing to the PV-only system. If electricity hourly price was multiplied by two, in certain cases adding battery to the PV system would be profitable.


On October 11, 1984, fifty million television viewers watched Geraldine Ferraro and George Bush clash wits in a much publicized vice-presidential debate held in Philadelphia. The political debate not only held importance for the 1984 presidential election, but it also was the first time a man and a woman nominated for such a high office had met face-to-face in a political debate. The participants in the debate each faced a sticky task of demonstrating their leadership ability while, at the same time, maintaining an appropriate decorum in debating the opposite sex. On the one hand, Bush could not be too harsh, for if he attacked Ferraro voters would think he was impolite. As one Bush supporter remarked before the debate, "It's very difficult for [Bush] to prevail. Either it looks like [he's] beating up on [Ferraro] or not standing up to her." On the other hand, Ferraro needed to appear knowledgeable and presidential. As Congressperson Tony Coelho put it: "She needs to avoid looking bitchy. She can't be shrill. She has to come across as a leader." Regardless of the outcome of the 1984 election, the vicepresidential debate raised an important question concerning the differences between male and female speakers. Do men and women differ in their speaking styles when debating the opposite sex? For the Bush/Ferraro debate the answer was yes. Ferraro, "a brassy, sassy, quick-witted and fast-talking on the stump" speaker, followed the advise of her political analysts to "speak more slowly and adopt a much cooler style for the televised encounter." Bush, who publicly announced that if he attacked Ferraro in the debate "people [would] think [he's] impolite," declared just prior to the contest that he was no longer concerned about the "woman


The mesoporous materials SBA-15 and SBA-16 from the self-assembled template organic framework inorganic compound materials are successfully prepared with powder and film states. The powder state of mesoporous material exhibit a variety of properties and possibilities of these kinds of materials. The film state of these SBA-15 and SBA-16 are successfully fabricated into the surface photo voltage (SPV) type gas sensor device as a gas adsorption insulator layer. These kinds of gas sensors device exhibit NO and NO2 gas sensing properties dependent on their mesoporous film structure. We are succeeded in indication about a possibility of mesoporous silicate film for the SPV type gas sensor application.


Single-atom catalysts (SACs) composing of low-cost, earth-abundant metals, with two-dimensional material supports have displayed great potential in a wide range of electrochemical reactions, including CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) to convert...


Diabetes mellitus is the seventh leading cause of death in the U.S., and affects over 29 million people. Type 1 diabetes, Type 2 diabetes, and gestational diabetes are the three prominent types. It is a progressive disease, often associated with numerous complications, including, but not limited to, retinopathy, neuropathy, and nephropathy. In 2012, the costs of diabetes exceeded 245 billion dollars. Oral hypoglycemic medications, insulin, and other injectable medications, have been widely used to control Type 2 diabetes, but have undesirable side effects and are expensive. Some agents control postprandial blood glucose levels through inhibition of α‐glucosidase, which delays the cleaving of polysaccharides, preventing the resulting monosaccharides from entering the blood stream. Examples of α‐glucosidase inhibitors are acarbose and miglitol. However, they both have undesirable side effects. Recent studies have pointed toward Phytotherapy, the use of medicinal plants or herbs which have little or no side effects, to treat hyperglycemia. This study investigates the hypoglycemic effects of coffee. Some studies have proposed that coffee may suppress postprandial hyperglycemia. We hypothesized that coffee reduces hyperglycemia by inhibiting alpha‐glucosidase activity. To determine this effect, serial dilutions of 200 mg/mL aqueous coffee extract was mixed with a 0.2 M phosphate buffer and 5 mM p‐Nitrophenyl α‐D‐glucopyranoside in a 96 well plate. The assay quantifying the α‐glucosidase inhibition activity of coffee was performed in‐vitro and measured using a spectrophotometer. Acarbose was used as the positive control of α‐glucosidase inhibition. The IC50 was evaluated, as it is the concentration of the extract required to inhibit 50% of α‐glucosidase activity. From our observation, coffee extract did not inhibit alpha glucosidase at the doses used. More investigations are needed to optimize the approach in assaying the α‐glucosidase inhibition of coffee as well as identifying other mechanisms of action.


Silencing in Ascobolus (Rossignol and Faugeron 1994; Colot, Maloisel et al. 1996; Goyon, Barry et al. 1996; Goyon, Rossignol et al. 1996; Meyer 1996; Selker 1999) Colot, V., L. Maloisel, et al. (1996). "Interchromosomal transfer of epigenetic states in Ascobolus: transfer of DNA methylation is mechanistically related to homologous recombination." Cell 86(6): 855-64. The transfer of methylation between alleles represents a plausible epigenetic mutational mechanism to explain loss of imprinting in mammals and paramutation in plants. Here, we have exploited advantages unique to the fungus Ascobolus immersus to obtain direct experimental evidence that methylation transfer can occur between homologous chromosomes. A methylated allele and an unmethylated allele of the Ascobolus b2 spore color gene were brought together in individual meiotic cells. Frequent transfer of methylation to the unmethylated allele was observed. This transfer was polarized 5' to 3' along the b2 gene, as is gene conversion, and always accompanied the latter process when tested in the same cross. These and other observations strongly suggest that methylation transfer and recombination are mechanistically related.


I present here a brief review of the issue of rates of convergence for monotone approximations of viscosity solutions and describe a recent result that settles the problem for uniformly elliptic second-order equations without any convexity assumptions.


The collection consists primarily of letters to William and his wife Sarah from friends and relations in New Zealand. However there are also a number of letters of a business nature, and personal and legal papers relating to William's life in England.
Source of title - Supplied title
Transcriptions and some translations relating to parts of this collection can be found at MS-Papers-12400.
Joseph, Elizabeth, Ann, Jane, and Mehetabel Newman emigrated to New Zealand in the 1840s. William, their brother, never settled, but made several visits to the colony where he had business interests. Through marriage William became related to the Rev Thomas Fairburn, the Rev George Buttle, William Atkin (father of the Rev Joseph Atkin), and the Ewen family
Quantity: 56 folder(s). 0.70 Linear Metres.
Physical Description: Holographs, mss, and printed matter
Finding Aids: Piece-level inventory available; includes 4 generation family tree.


This item is a letter from J.G. Tucker to John L. Haynes enlcosing a letter he received from E. Marks regarding the incarceration of Tucker's brother for burglary. In his letter, Tucker implored Haynes to advise him and and aid him with this trouble.


Social-emotional skills and computational thinking are related to problem-solving skills. Even though these are crucial areas in today's world, they are only rarely taught in school and interventions that target these areas simultaneously are still very rare. We therefore developed a four-day workshop with the aim of fostering computational thinking and social-emotional skills in Grade 4 students. To do so, we used the child-friendly programming language Scratch. In the present paper, we investigate the feasibility of such a workshop. In total, 18 students participated. Data was collected via observation and interviews and analysed by qualitative content analysis. Results showed that students liked working with Scratch and liked working on social-emotional challenges. The workshop was found to work well and students worked independently. Pair work activity was found to be particularly beneficial. Although some issues initially proved challenging (mostly relating to "how to" issues in Scratch), these may easily be addressed by making suitable adaptations to the introduction of the program provided on Day 1 of the workshop.


The purpose of this study is to identify the impact of IT group efficacy of small business using B2B e-commerce on organizational performance. First, we conceptualized IT group efficacy, based on theories in regard to group efficacy, absorptive capacity, and electronic information sharing. And then we examine that IT group efficacy of small business setting up IS and performing B2B e-commerce increases absorptive capacity and electronic information sharing, and ultimately improves organizational performance. The result is that IT group efficacy has a significant positive effect on absorptive capacity, but doesn`t have a significant positive effect on electronic information sharing. Also absorptive capacity has a significant positive effect on electronic information sharing and organizational performance, and electronic information sharing has a significant positive effect on organizational performance. Finally, we discuss about the limits and directions as well as the results and implications of this study.


Understanding the attitudinal components of the cooperative members' behavior in a credit cooperative in relation to the brand is fundamental in generating important knowledge about metrics and models for maintaining membership. This article will present the results of an empirical test based on an integrative model of relationship between members and the brand of a credit union. In Brazil there are 6,828 cooperatives, with 15 million members, generating 426 thousand jobs. In Minas Gerais there are 771 cooperatives, with 1.8 million members, generating 43 thousand jobs (OCEMG System, 2019). The methodology included an integrative model that was tested by modeling structural equations. The results showed adherence to the model and the hypotheses were supported, validating the CBR scale. The model points out the need for cooperatives to improve their relationship strategies with their members and the consolidation of their brands. It also opens up possibilities for further studies.


In order to study the glyphosate efficacy in control of Lambsquarter (Chenopodium album L.) under salinity of water conditions, an experiment was conducted as a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replications at Research Greenhouse in Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. Treatments included tank water salinity (0, 50, 100 and 150 mM) and glyphosate concentration (0, 50, 75, 100, 150, 200 and 250 percentage of effective dose). Traits of percentage of survival, plant height, fresh weight and dry matter were measured four weeks after spraying. In the dos-response experiment, the estimated ED90 was 410.42 g a.i. ha -1 that selected as effective dose for the second experiment. The results showed that by increasing salinity level of tank water, survival was very significantly (p≤ 0.01) increased; whereas tank water salinity had significantly (p≤ 0.05) effect on plant height and fresh weight and had not significantly effect on dry matter. Between different doses of glyphosate, there were very significant differences (p≤ 0.01) for all traits, but


The numbers and sizes of sand beaches suitable for recreation along selected whitewater rivers in the western United States depend on sand concentrations, range of discharge and the size, frequency and type of depositional settings. River‐width expansions downstream from constrictions are the predominant depositional setting for sand beaches in the upper Grand Canyon and along five Wild and Scenic Rivers in Idaho, but not along other rivers. Beaches located upstream from constrictions are rare, in general, except in the Grand Canyon. Beaches found in expansions without constrictions dominate depositional sites along the Yampa and Green Rivers, are fairly common along the rivers in Idaho, but are relatively rare in the Grand Canyon. The magnitude of flow expansion is a reliable predictor of beach size. Beaches located on the inside of curves are uncommon, in general, but can be important recreation sites. The mid‐channel bar setting is the least important from a recreation standpoint because that setting is rare and beaches there are typically small, and emergent only at low flow.


INTRODUCTION Mutton and chevon are accepted by almost all the sections of society in India, while beef and pork have limited consumers due to religious inhibitions in certain communities. Sheep, being the important species of livestock, has greater role to play in rural agrarian economy to provide gainful employment and income to a large number of rural poor especially socially backward, marginal farmers and landless labourers. Sheep is capable of converting the available sparse vegetation into valuable products like mutton, wool, skin, milk and manure. Indian sheep breed throughout the year although major breeding takes place immediately after the onset of monsoons in plains and as the animals start returning from alpine pastures in hills. Sheep farmers are now well aware of the importance of body weights and paying more attention towards raising of mutton type sheep. Appropriate breeding strategies can prove as major tools in bringing out enhancement in mutton production and productivity of sheep.


Did disputes between non-great powers in the New World, 1816–1989, escalate to war if the disputes involved roughly equal sides or not? Metaphorically and practically, "balances of power" are about measurement, but many of the usual measures prove to be incorrect. Proper assessments of the balances of fighting power qualify counts of the material resources by considering the political-organizational capacity of the state to employ what is counted, the geopolitical location and logistics, and what bystander states might do if the dispute were to escalate. A modest correlation exists between rough equality in power capabilities and war, not peace, in the Americas, 1816–1989. A bare majority of the wars in the Americas from 1816 until 1989 were fought between equal sides, and equal disputants were thirteen times more likely to escalate to war than non-equals were. This relationship found among non-great powers is much less strong than the relationship found among the great powers.


We report on the observation of enhanced high harmonics from a carbon plasma using sub-5-fs laser pulses. The efficiency of harmonic generation in the range of 14\char21{}25 eV was up to five times higher in the case of a plasma medium (graphite ablation) compared with gas (argon) under similar experimental conditions. The harmonic enhancement can be attributed to the presence of carbon nanoparticles in the ablation plumes.


ABSTRACT This study investigates contributors to social well-being from the perspective of older migrants in Australia. Data were collected from semi-structured interviews with 33 participants in the 66–91-year age group, from Chinese, Vietnamese, Dutch, and German heritage backgrounds. At the time of the study, they were clients of a community service provider in Brisbane, Australia, and participated in the monthly social activities organised by the agency. Many of them also engaged in other social activities not organised by this agency. Thematic analysis of the interview transcripts identified three main contributors to participants' social well-being: social integration through building strong connections with the ethnic community, social contribution through giving back to society, and social acceptance through assimilating into Australian society. However, the emphasis placed on these contributors was shaped by the participants' age at migration, English language ability, and reasons for migration, as well as heritage cultural backgrounds. These findings highlight the need for tailored support to enhance social well-being among older people from diverse cultural backgrounds.


ABSTRACT This article aims to contextualise gender-based violence through the phenomenon of sexual harassment in public space in Morocco. This will be achieved by exploring the discriminatory social, cultural and political representation of Moroccan women, and discussing their status, image and treatment in a patriarchal social order. The study seeks to reveal the relationship between the stereotypical images of Moroccan girls and women and the violence that is likely committed against them. It suggests that women's location in the power structures of the family, school, media and the law, as well as their access to the economic and political spheres, all contribute to the construction and negotiation of gender roles, relationships and inequalities, and consequently participate in fostering violent attitudes and practices against women in the public arena. The evolution of the status of women will be primarily guaranteed by changes in their freedom-of-movement, security and emancipation. However, regularising gender inequalities and naturalising women's oppression remain obstacles that will encourage further harassment against women. Future research should address women's discourse and experiences of street harassment as well as its social meaning, prevalence, severity and impact in order to better define the phenomenon and thus contribute to improving the image of women in the Moroccan context.


Objective To find out the optimal TI value of FAIR in order to acquire high quality of MR perfusion imaging of lung.Methods 12 adults without thoracic and cardiovascular diseases volunteered participation in this study. All cases underwent FAIR imaging with different TI values on a 1.5T whole body scanner (GE medical system). TI values were 800 ms,1000 ms,1200 ms,1400 ms and 1600 ms,respectively.The changes of signal intensity between control and tag images in lung and aorta were evaluated, signal to noise ratio (SNR)of perfusion images was also evaluated with different TI values.Results ①Signal intensity change of lung: no statistic difference between 800 ms and 1600 ms (P0.05), there were significant statistic differences of any other two TI values (P0.05),the change was maximum at 1000 ms;②Signal intensity change of aorta: no statistic difference between 1400 ms and 1600 ms (P0.05), there were significant statistic differences of any other two TI values (P0.05),the change was maximum at 1000 ms;③SNR of perfusion images: no statistic differences among 1000 ms , 1200 ms , 1400 ms and 1600 ms ( P0.05 ) , there were significant statistic differences of any other two TI values (P0.05).Conclusion Signal intensity change between control and tag images in lung and aorta is maximum at 1000 ms, and the SNR is relatively good. So TI value of 1000 ms is recommended.


Synchronized transfers in schedule-based public transport (PT) networks are used to reduce interroute or intermodal passenger transfer waiting time and provide a well-connected service. However, in practice, synchronized transfers do not always materialize because of some stochastic and uncertain factors, such as traffic disturbances and disruptions, fluctuations in passenger demand, and erroneous behavior of PT drivers. As a result, missed direct transfers not only frustrate existing users but also discourage potential passengers from using PT service. This work presents an optimization procedure based on a model predictive control (MPC) to increase the actual occurrence of synchronized transfers in schedule-based PT networks. The procedure aims to reduce the uncertainty of meetings between PT vehicles. MPC uses selected online operational tactics based on real-time data, such as skip stop, speed change, and holding. First a library of operational tactics was built to serve as a basis for the sequential receding horizon control process in the MPC. Then, an event activity network with dynamic moving elements was constructed to represent the logical process of the PT transfer synchronization problem. The MPC procedure for a real-time deployment of operational tactics was explicated. A detailed example was used as an expository device to illustrate the procedure developed, along with a real-life example from Auckland, New Zealand.


The dimerisation constant of the vancomycin group antibiotic ristocetin A has previously been shown to be lower when it is fully bound by ligand (analogues of bacterial cell wall precursors terminating in –Lys-D-Ala-D-Ala) than in its absence, i.e. dimerisation is anticooperative with ligand binding. A derivative of ristocetin A, desrhamno-ristocetin, has now been produced by enzymatic degradation, and the dimerisation constant of this derivative has been measured in the absence and presence of the bacterial cell wall precursor analogue N-acetyl-D-Ala-D-Ala. The dimerisation constant is shown to be greater in the presence of the ligand than in its absence, i.e. dimerisation is cooperative with ligand binding. This change in behaviour from anticooperativity to cooperativity is postulated to be associated with the partial equalisation of the binding affinities of the two sides of the dimer for ligand. It is therefore energetically more favourable for two ligand molecules to bind to the two halves of a desrhamno-ristocetin dimer than to two monomers.


Austempered ductile iron is a newly developed engineering material with a favorable combination of comprehensive mechanical properties. Its properties, such as good comprehensive mechanical properties ,high fatigue strength, good fiction and wear characteristics are included. The application of ADI at home and abroad was presented as well.


There were approximately 5.6 million SMEs in Mexico as of 2014. The majority of Mexican firms were micro-enterprises (94.3%).
 Country: Mexico [1] LinkToContentAt: http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/fin_sme_ent-2016-28-en Knowledge Type: Country report [2] Other Tag: venture capital [3] copyright [4] early stage [5] equity financing [6] finance gap [7] bank financing [8] government policies [9] high-tech [10] incremental innovation [11] industry-academic links [12] interest group [13] litigation [14] business enterprise expenditure in research and development [15] mentoring [16] access to finance [17] capital markets [18] priority setting [19] private equity [20] public understanding of science [21] Parent URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/fin_sme_ent-2016-en [22]


The safety of all the factories and families should not be ignored. In this paper, in case of emergency, people in factories or at home can still send out a distress signal through voice without mobile phone, so as to ensure the safety of people and facilities. The authors have developed a smart home help for the elderly device based on communication, intelligent manufacturing, materials and digital simulation technology. The main purpose is to solve the problem that when the elderly are alone at home, they can make an emergency call for help through this system when they encounter sudden accidents. This technology is also very suitable for the safety of factories and other scenes.


Three Mile Island nuclear accident has posed a regulatory challenge transcending the immediate plight of the electric-utility companies directly concerned. Specifically, will the residual costs of an accident of catastrophic proportions be distributed in a way that is conducive to continued prudent, but innovative, investment decisions on the part of electric utility managements. The regulatory decisions distributing these costs will signal to investors that historical expectations as to the security of utility investments are warranted or unwarranted. To the extent that they are perceived to be unwarranted the costs of capital needed to develop effective new energy technologies will rise, perhaps prohibitively. It is the author's conclusion that, to assure efficient investment decision-making, potential beneficiaries of any large project must assume its risks. If the group of expected beneficiaries and the group which is burdened with the attendant financial risks are not the same, the result may be an inordinate cost-of-capital impact upon the utility industry and all its future customers.


Cappadocia, a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1985 is a popularly visited touristic site by millions of visitors each year, for its' surreal looking moonlike landscape and undeniably rich Christian Heritage.Located in the heartland of Anatolia in Turkey, this place still remains to be inhabited by its own secluded, hospitable yet conservative Muslim people, whom having been experiencing radical changes due to the international development of tourism.
The social transformation that is being experienced since the last thirty years of the introduction of tourism in the area, has leaded to the displacement of the self-sustaining local community from the center of the heritage attraction and fastened the destruction of the locally known "fairy chimneys", volcanic rock cones where people, their animals and pigeons used to dwell in. The documentary tells the story of three different villages; 9 individuals. All interlinked yet unattached from the common realities of each others' lives, they comment on the daily issues and highlight the important themes that may be of interest not only for the curious anthropologists or protective conservationists, but for everyone who travels or traveled at some point, from home to someone else's home...
The documentary represents the 28 days in Cappadocia, a visually anthropological documentation of a fulfilling fieldwork period of a graduate native anthropology student, in search of her heritage, in hope of its maintenance and protection.


LUBICON LAKE FIRST NATION CONCEPT OF EDUCATION This paper describes the concept of traditional education. Educators define traditional education as a way of life, spirituality, an act of love, wholistic, language, and culture. In economics, children learn by observing a skill like setting a snare and then actually snaring something, like a rabbit. This paper includes a history of the Lubicon Lake First Nation, history of the first Indian Mission and Northland School Division. It concludes with the idea that now is the time to develop a unique Lubicon Lake First Nation approach to education. This idea means that the First Nation school has the chance to develop their own system in conjunction with mainstream curriculum, but would include appropriate cultural concepts such as language, native spirituality and history.


Background: The last decade was marked by increased neuroscience research involving machine Learning (ML) and medical images such as functional magnetic resonance and electroencephalogram (EEG). There are many challenges in this research field, including the need for more data and a standard for presenting the results. Since ML models tend to be sensitive to the input data, different strategies for data acquisition, preprocessing, feature selection, and validation significantly impact the results achieved. Therefore, a significant variation while presenting the results makes it challenging to compare the results. Results: This work aims to tackle the lack of a standard model by presenting a guideline, conform Quadas-2, that covers the most critical data for studies to demonstrate when using EEG and ML for addressing neurological disorders. Conclusions: This guideline allows a structural presentation of the primary data of studies using ML applied to EEG, improving comparison between studies while also allowing fair comparisons.


Abstract. Berthold HK, Parhofer KG, Ritter MM, Addo M, Wasmuth JC, Schliefer K, Spengler U, Rockstroh JK (University of Bonn and University of Munich, Germany). Influence of protease inhibitor therapy on lipoprotein metabolism. J Intern Med 1999; 246: 567–575.


Throughout the course of medical history heat has always been a prominent therapeutic agent for the prevention or cure of various diseases. In most instances it was used in an empirical manner without any thought of producing fever in the patient. Paradoxically fever has, from the earliest days, been looked upon with suspicion and alarm and antipyretics have been freely used to combat its supposedly harmful effects. Only occasionally did some observer record cases in which he believed fever had been beneficial. Forty-seven years ago Welch stated that it would be very unusual if Nature had developed and retained fever to such an extent if it did not serve some useful purpose. Statements such as this created little discussion until Wagner-Jauregg, in 1918, conclusively demonstrated that malarial fever could be successfully employed in the treatment of the hitherto hopeless cases of dementia paralytica. His favorable results were soon confirmed by other investigators throughout the world. The mortality assoc...


In our research, we used amplitude modulated atomic force microscopy to study the effect of thermal annealing on the morphology of four recently developed bulk heterojunction photovoltaic films. Each cell was fabricated by blending a different conjugated foldamer or self-assembling polymer with Phenyl-C 71 -Butyric acid Methyl ester. We took topography and phase images of both the conjugated foldamer and blended material before and after thermal annealing. The topography and phase images were then analyzed to understand how thermal annealing affects phase separation in these new materials.


Cord blood transplantation (CBT) has become a therapeutic option in hematological malignancies and genetic diseases not only in children but also in adults without a histocompatible sibling donor or a matched unrelated donor. More than 100,000 cord blood units have been stored, and more than 5000 CBT s have been performed through cord blood banks worldwide. CBT has several advantages, including rapid availability without donor coordination, decreased viral transmission, reduced acute and chronic graft-versushost disease (GVHD) and less HLA matching. CBT, however, has several limitations, including delayed neutrophil and platelet engraftment, prolonged immune recovery and increase in infectious complications. There have been several excellent publications on clinical results of CBT from Europe, USA and Japan. Japan has been unique in the field of allogeneic stem cell transplantation because of genetic homogeneity of the population.


Abstract The present study examined how the type of school technology and teachers' technological experiences (either personal or pedagogical) were related to teacher perceptions of culturally responsive teaching in technology-supported learning environments. Additionally, the study assessed the moderating effects of school technology interactivity on the relationship between teacher technology experiences and their perception of culturally responsive teaching in these environments. Hierarchical linear modeling was conducted on data from 257 teachers in Taiwan. Results found that the presence of technology interactivity in schools, teachers' personal technology experiences, and technology experiences in teaching each had a positive and statistically significant effect on teachers' perception of culturally responsive teaching. In addition, results found that the presence of interactive technology had no significant moderating effect on the relationship between either personal technology integration or technology integration in teaching and any of the five dimensions of culturally responsive teaching. The results suggest that, in addition to technological infrastructure renovation, schools should provide teachers with professional development programs and support which encourages them to create a technology-infused environment to address the connections between students' cultural contexts and their learning contents.


Objective To investigate the antineoplastic activity and the effect of inducing cell apoptosis of manumycin and its action mechanism,to provide the scientific evidence for developing the drug into new antitumor drug.Methods Cell proliferation was detected by MTT method, cell apoptosis was observed by Gimsa staining,flow-cytometry (FCM),electric microscope and DNA agarose gel electrophoresis techniques.The expression of bcl-2 and bax was observed by flow cytometry.Results Manumycin inhibited cell proliferation at a time-dependent and dose-dependent manner,Gimsa staining and electric microscope showed that the MCF-7 cells presented some typical morphologic features and super-microstructural changes of apoptosis.Some typical subdiploid peaks before G_0/G_1 phase of MCF-7 cell induced by manumycin were observed,the cells in G_2/M phase were blocked;DNA agarose gel electrophoresis showed specific "DNA ladder" pattern.FCM showed that manumycin had little effect on the expression of bcl-2 and bax in MCF-7 cells.Conclusion (1) Manumycin has very strong antitumor effect in vitro.Manumycin can inhibit the proliferation of many kinds of human tumor cells in vitro.(2) The mechanisms of manumycin anti-tumor effect are associate with the effect of inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing cell apoptosis,and manumycin can induce apoptosis of MCF-7 cells,but which doesn't change the expression of Bax and Bcl-2.


Receipt to Nathan Sears pertaining to the Estate of Constant Sears - dated So Yarmouth, Feby 3d 1888, signed by Emily S. Baker.


English for Specific Purposes (ESP) is the field of language teaching and learning of English in a specific area of specialty. However, learning ESP is not to be understood as just learning a set of technical vocabulary and expressions; it is about learning to use English in a given specific context with the implication of all the skills and objectives of language learning. This qualitative research investigates the impact of Content-Based Instruction (CBI) on developing comprehension and vocabulary in a course of English for Specific Purposes at an engineering school in Morocco where English is learnt as a Foreign Language (FL). A total number of 40 students were divided into two groups of 20 students per class and were taught a fifteen-hour course of legal English over a period of six weeks. Each class lasted one hour and fifteen minutes, at the pace of two classes per week. Focus was on reading comprehension and learning vocabulary in an interactive way by engaging the learners actively. At the beginning, both groups were given the same pre-test to determine their present knowledge of legal English. After the experiment period, another post-test was administered to the students to determine their level of progress. At first, the results of both groups in each test were compared with each other. Then, the results of each group in the pre-test were compared with the results of the same group in the post-test. The general result is that both groups have made progress in improving comprehension and vocabulary capabilities in legal English. As for same-group results, the experiment group have managed to make significant progress in their post-test results compared to their pre-test results, while the control group maintained their higher score shown in the pre-test. The conclusion drawn from this is that Content-Based Instruction does help students improve their comprehension and vocabulary capabilities in ESP. Therefore, focus on content does yield positive results in learning language. Reducing content to just a topic through which learners learn language may cause the learners to miss a learning opportunity. Thus, there may not be a reason to give the content aspect of a language course less importance than the language aspect.


Many MR‐guided interventional procedures rely on fast imaging sequences for providing images in real‐time with a precise relation between the target position in the image and its true position. Echo‐planar imaging (EPI) methods are very fast but prone to geometric distortions. Here, we propose a correction method designed for real‐time conditions, adapting existing approaches based on dual EPI acquisition with varying echo times. The method is demonstrated with MR‐thermometry for guiding thermal therapies. The proposed approach imposes a small penalty in acquisition speed but adds negligible latency to data processing, an important element for interventions of mobile organs. Magn Reson Med, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


The synthesis of dibenzazocinone 2 and several of its reactions are described, including formation of a benzylidene derivative 3, which with hydroxylamine undergoes a novel rearrangement to give the methanone 8.


The effects of the electromagnetically induced transparency and dispersion of a Λ-type three-level atomic system are experimentally measured with a vapour cell of Cs atoms. The steep dispersion at low absorption is observed. Thus a small group velocity for the probe beam is inferred from the measured dispersion curve.


In this paper, game theory models are proposed for the exchange of workload/traffic among data centers within a network according to the availability of green energy resources at these centers. Both homogeneous and heterogeneous data centers are considered so they can have similar or different traffic handling capabilities, respectively. This leads to a non-cooperative game model for homogeneous data centers while heterogeneous data centers form a cooperative game model to exchange their workload/traffic. Numerical results are presented which demonstrate a reduction in energy costs using both models with a significant improvement in average utility for the data centers.


I estimate how increased similarity with one's friends in a social network member leads one to engage further with the social network. Participation is modeled based on user utility derived both from participating in events close to their preferred "location" and from their friends' simultaneous participation in the event. This suggests that, even after controlling for network structure, focal users will participate more as their friends' preferences move closer to their own. These implications are tested using panel data from an online video gaming network. Homophilly is measured by similarity in recent past video game playing choices. Because the data track users over time, I am able to test effects from deviations in similarity measures from week to week. Decomposing similarity measures based on whether the focal user's, or her friends', preferences are changing which helps to identify causal effects. The evidence strongly supports increased engagement from increased similarity. 1 Support by the ZEW research program Strengthening Efficiency and Competitiveness of the European Knowledge Economies (SEEK) financed by the state of Baden-Württemberg is gratefully acknowledged. Michael R. Ward, University of Texas at Arlington, Email: firstname.lastname@example.com Preliminary Please do not quote


Seismic isolation system is an example of passive control system that effectively improves the performance of structures. This research discusses the seismic performance of a elastomeric base isolation system which provide the combined features of vertical load support, horizontal flexibility and energy absorbing capacity, utilizing shape memory alloys that provides re-centering force and additional damping in the system. Also this paper compares the effect of such alloys with memory effect and/or superelasticity (with pre-straining) in base isolated structure. To provide such comparison, a nonlinear structural model has been developed on some benchmark control problems and some health monitoring evaluation criterias are used. The smart base isolation utilizes the different responses of shape memory alloys at several levels of strain to control the displacements of the rubber bearing and base shear at excitation level. Furthermore the proposed based isolation systems has enhanced performance in terms of response reduction and re-centering capacity.


Abstract In the framework of the bisoliton model we have studied the critical temperature T c, as a function of the pressure P and of the hole concentration δ for the high temperature superconductors YBa2Cu3Ox and (La1-xMx)2CuO4. Our results for δ ln Tc/δ ln V as a function of T c describe quite satisfactorily the general trend of the experimental data. Furthermore we show that in the bisoliton model the energy gap δ (in units of Jg3/3, where J is the nearest-neighbour exchange integral and g is the nonlinearity parameter) is an universal function of δ/g. An analogous property is valid for T c By fitting the maximum value of T c we are able also to reproduce the experimental data for T c(δ).


Set foundation pit precipitation in second line lock gate in Weishanhu lake as an example,surface water developing area,hydrogeological condition of water-bearing and water-resisting layer interbedded are approximated to boundless homogeneous water-bearing layer.Calculation of foundation pit precipitation is approximate with homogeneous water-bearing layer,designed precipitation depth,and underground water amount under long-time stable mining.Ideal large-well mehtod is suitable for calculationg discharge rate of foundation pit.


An abnormality detection device includes a temperature detection unit that has a resistor section which varies a resistance value depending on a temperature, a resistance detection unit that detects a resistance value of the resistor section, and a short-circuit unit that short-circuits the resistor section, in which the short-circuit unit short-circuits the resistor section when a predetermined abnormality occurs in a detection target of the temperature detection unit.


The delivery of hydrophilic drugs to the brain is limited by the various barriers in the brain. In this respect, the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is the most important barrier because it functions as a physical and metabolic barrier represented by the endothelial cells of brain capillaries. In order to treat brain diseases, drugs must pass the BBB by targeting them to internalizing transport systems at the BBB to overcome the BBB. In this paper, we summarize some approaches that may be successful for clinical application. The applicability of Cross Reacting Material (CRM)197 as a receptor-mediated targeting agent particularly under disease induced circumstances seems favorable and effective.


The level of participation of Filipino pharmacists in continuing professional education (CPE) in a three-year period (1990-1992) and the opinions of these pharmacists regarding future CPE events and existing competency needs have been determined by survey. Respondents' opinions relating to other aspects of CPE are also discussed in this paper. Data from 252 usable responses (25%) revealed that there was a satisfactory overall participation of pharmacists in CPE programs over the specified period and that CPE was considered to be beneficial by a majority of respondents. Major barriers to CPE attendance were time and location. Personal competency assessment revealed perceived areas of professional strengths and weaknesses. Promotion of and contribution to rational drug use was identified as a training need that should be addressed in future CPE programs.


Background: Carotid plaque instability continues to be a problem in perioperative risk assessments among patients qualified for CEA. The aim of the study was to compare different computer-assisted techniques from the aspect of preoperative and perioperative complications. Material and methods: the authors have evaluated 3 programs (2 commercially available and 1 specifically designed for the purpose of the study). 130 carotid plaques were analyzed (derived from 125 patients who underwent operations for CEA). Apart from a computer analysis, the following elements were evaluated: microembolism (assessed by TCD), intraoperative evaluation of the plaque and its histopathological examination. A postoperative course was also assessed including the results of a CT and NMR scan performed whenever it was deemed to be necessary. All the results were analyzed with the use of multivariate analysis and Pearson's chi-square tests. Results: The application of computer-assisted techniques in US evaluations of carotid plaque morphology proves to be an important tool in the diagnosis of plaque instability features and perioperative risk


The upfront cost and technical difficulties of constructing a Solar Updraft Tower is its current bottleneck. Based on the case study of Wuhan New Energy Institute headquarters, this paper proposes to integrate an urban Solar Updraft Tower with a hi-rise building design. The integrated design can reduce the construction cost greatly: the solar chimney integrated with the elevator shaft can avoid large investment on a detached chimney structure; the heat collector can be integrated with the roof garden to provide shaded public space. This type of small-scale, distributed Solar Updraft Tower is relatively low-cost and easy promoting. Potentially, it can build up a distributed energy system as a supplement for the power grid. Furthermore, it can provide valuable experimental data for future researches on large scale Solar Updraft Towers.


Covering: up to July 2010
 Polycyclic norcembranoid diterpenes are a rare group of natural products which are found exclusively in soft corals of the genus Sinularia. They co-occur with 14-membered macrocyclic 3(2H)-furanone-based norcembranoids, all of which lack a C18 carbon substituent in comparison with C20-cembranoids. The polycyclic norcembranoids have structural features in common with the better-known C20-cembranoid diterpenes plumarellide, mandapamate and rameswaralide. No synthetic studies or suggestions as to the origins of these novel polycyclic norcembranoids in Nature have been forthcoming. This review summarises the structural relationships that are found between polycyclic norcembranoids and their macrocyclic congeners. It then poses the question: how and when does Nature expel a C18 carbon substituent from a C20-cembranoid precursor during the elaboration of macrocyclic norcembranoids? A number of suggestions and possibilities are then offered, involving both anionic and radical intermediates. Finally, the review speculates on the range of competitive transannular carbon-to-carbon bond-forming reactions that may be used as key steps in the elaboration of polycyclic norcembranoids from their macrocyclic precursors.


Correlations among spikes, both on the same neuron and across neurons, are ubiquitous in the brain. For example cross-correlograms can have large peaks, at least in the periphery, and smaller -- but still non-negligible -- ones in cortex, and auto-correlograms almost always exhibit non-trivial temporal structure at a range of timescales. Although this has been known for over forty years, it's still not clear what role these correlations play in the brain -- and, indeed, whether they play any role at all. The goal of this chapter is to shed light on this issue by reviewing some of the work on this subject.


Two experiments assess the validity of the Harris Inspection test as a selection tool for industrial inspectors. The test is a short, two-part paper-and-pencil test which requires subjects to inspect a series of symbols for defects. Harris validated the test using inspectors who inspected four different types of electronic equipment. These studies fail to duplicate his findings. The data indicate that the Harris Test is not a valid selection test for industrial inspectors.


We have studied the adsorption of copper on the clean Re ( 1 0 1 ̄ 0 ) ?> surface between 300 and 900 K by means of low- and medium-energy electron diffraction (LEED and MEED) and temperature-programmed thermal desorption (TPD). The persistence of a (1 × 1) LEED pattern during Cu deposition suggests the formation of pseudomorphic Cu islands. Accordingly, the intensity–voltage behaviour of the (1 × 1) LEED beams can be quantitatively superimposed by the coverage-weighed fractions of the I(V)-curves of uncovered Re areas and of Cu-covered (1 × 1) islands. At a coverage of 1.625 × 1019 Cu atoms m−2 dynamical LEED I(V) calculations suggest a full hcp-oriented Cu bilayer (BL). Within this first BL, Cu wets the Re surface completely, while all following layers exhibit remnant roughness due to small Cu nuclei, as confirmed by in situ grazing-incidence MEED experiments. The completion of the first BL coincides with the saturation of a single β TPD state at 1180 K, whilst higher coverages produce an additional zero-order α state, which peaks at 1080 K at 2.6 BL. The energy of desorption rises from 320 kJ mol−1 at small coverages to ∼360 kJ mol−1 for a bilayer Cu film, pointing to attractive lateral Cu–Cu interactions. An analysis of the leading edge of the multilayer α state yields a desorption energy of ∼305 kJ mol−1, somewhat lower than the sublimation enthalpy of bulk Cu. Our data are discussed and compared with previous results on related systems.


The aquatic macrophytes Salvinia sp. and Pistia stratiotes have a natural capacity to adsorb various elements, including heavy metals. This capacity was enhanced with a chemical treatment using NaOH alkaline solution for Salvinia sp. and a mixture of both Salvinia sp. and Pistia stratiotes at a proportion of 1:1, whose respective biosorbents were called SSOH and MBOH. Adsorption tests were done in a ternary system containing the metals copper, lead and manganese; the parameters considered were: starting concentration, kinetics, pH and temperature. The adsorption isotherms for SSOH had a maximum adsorptive capacity of 50.20, 53.85 and 14.68 mg g-1 for Cu, Pb and Mn, respectively; for MBOH, maximum values were 44.62, 35.17 and 15.74 mg g-1 for Cu, Pb and Mn, respectively. The metals displayed different behaviors with pH variation. The results also showed an adsorption preference of Cu > Pb > Mn for SSOH. Desorption and readsorption studies were also carried out, showing 100% desorption and increased adsorption capacity in readsorption tests. Surface area and porosity analysis with the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method indicate that after chemical modification, MBOH and SSOH biomasses had their surface increased in comparison to SS, with values of 165.5657 (MBOH), 157.4392 (SSOH) and 78.9432 m2 g-1 (SS).


: An easy way of observing and predicting changes in the structure and behavior of any free-market economy is to track changes in its circular flow model of economic activity. Using book titles as a literature review in combinations with a few classics, I describe how the circular flows of free -market economies evolved from little, gentle, and now nearly powerless government role, culminating in super-duper capitalism. First the evolution generated great wealth and income, and of late also increasing inequality. Processes like globalization that allowed for economic convergence also spurred enormous tensions. The resulting stresses and strains are responsible for unpopular populism and nationalism. The doughnut economic model provides a reasonable framework for explaining what we observe. It shows a decline in the social foundations of human rights, made worse by breaches in the "planetary boundaries" both of which squeeze the livable space ever more tightly like a boa-constrictor suffocating its prey. In this paper I do not go as far as measuring my observations, but the directions for policy and future research have clearly been established. Regarding the latter, one may want to examine how COVID19 has shocked into scurrying towards a delusion of a system that was already slouching towards an illusion. It turns out that the illusion is not a new prediction. In his critique of Marx and rationalization of Kondratieff's waves (K-waves) Schumpeter predicted that capitalism as an innovation is not immune to the "gale of creative destruction."


Objective:Analysis the relationship between fatty hver and gallstone.Method:3459 people from institutions were examined by Ultrasound. Research and analysis the incidence of fatty liver and In accordance with the diagnosis criterion.Results:The morbidity of fatty hver in people is 26.63%.The morbidity of gallstone in people is 4.80%The morbidity of fatty liver in men is more than women(P0.01).According to ultrasound results,people were divided into non - fatty liver group and fatty hver group,the prevalence of gallstones in two groups was statistically significant difference(P0.001). Conclusion:Fatty hver is closely related with the occurrence of gallstone,prevent and treat fatty liver can reduce the incidence of gallstone.Ultrasound is safe, reliable,simple,repeatable.It is the best method to check fatty hver and gallstone


This paper presents the intricacies involved in developing a hierarchal POS tagger generator using SVMTool for Tamil language. Tamil, a Dravidian language has a very rich morphological structure which is agglutinative. Tamil words are made up of lexical roots followed by one or more affixes, mostly suffixes. So tagging a word in a language like Tamil is very complex. We try to resolve this complexity by identifying the categorical ambiguities and developing three hierarchal tag sets at word grammatical category and grammatical feature level. These tag sets were used to annotate the corpora and trained using the SVMTool (An Open source tool available at http://www.lsi.upc.es/~nlp/SVMTool ) to generate the POS tagger model. The results obtained in each level were encouraging. References: 1. Akshar Bharati, Rajeev Sangal, Dipti Misra Sharma and Lakshmi Bai. 2006. AnnCorra:Annotating Corpora Guidelines for POS and Chunk Annotation for Indian Languages, Technical Report, Language Technologies Research Centre IIIT, Hyderabad. 2. Dhanalakshmi V, Anandkumar M, Vijaya M.S, Loganathan R, Soman K.P, Rajendran S,2008, Tamil Part-of-Speech tagger based on SVMTool, Proceedings of the COLIPS International Conference on Asian Language Processing 2008 (IALP), Chiang Mai, Thailand. 2008: 59-64. 3. Dhanalakshmi V, Anandkumar M, Shivapratap G, Soman, K P, Rajendran S. May 2009. Tamil POS Tagging using Linear Programming, In International Journal of Recent Trends in Engineering, Vol:1(2):166-169. 4. Gim ́enez, J and L M`arquez, 2003. Fast and Accurate Part ofSpeech Tagging: The SVM Approach Revisited, in Proceedings of the Fourth RANLP.


This paper describes an automatic circuit generation methodology and discusses its application to implement a library of module generators for real-time image processing applications. Although these generators have been developed as part of the programming environment of a custom computer, they can also be used as a means to translate the representations used by image processing practitioners into digital circuits, independently of the underlying technology.


Prominent 20th-century Old Testament theologians have offered comparative-philosophical restatements of the Psalter's perspectives on YHWH's justice in descriptive metaphysical terms. A variety of philosophical idioms were used to affirm/deny that justice was an attribute (or similar) of the divine nature (or similar) or instead predicated of or exemplified in divine functions and/or relations. In this article the associated trend in the research is identified and briefly discussed with reference to representative cases. This is followed by an overview of how concepts, concerns and categories in the analytic philosophy of properties can be used to update, refine and expand the explanatory framework for discussing related texts in the Book of Psalms on their own terms, even if not in them.
https://doi.org/10.17159/2312-3621/2019/v32n2a24


Objective To assess the wards atmosphere of psychiatric department for further research and to provide the reference for the use of quantitative tool of ward atmosphere. Methods Evaluate 117 patients and 90 nurses by wards atmosphere scale for a ward atmosphere of mental hospital. Results The mean score of psychiatric ward atmosphere is (27.27 ± 4.37 ), participating factor, supporting factor and spontaneous factor have high score. Children's ward in individual factor, spontaneous factor and the total score is higher than adult ward. Nurses in the control factor, planning and supporting factor score higher than patients. Conclusions The survey of psychiatric ward overall score good atmosphere, but some aspects should be further improved, there were significant differences between different wards and between nurses and patients in the scores of wards atmosphere.

Key words:
Wards atmosphere; Quantitative evaluating; Scale; Nursing


Prostate cancer is the second most common cause of cancer mortality in men population. Multifactorial etiology, unpredictable course and outcome of the disease put survival determining factors of disease in the spotlight. One of new survival prognostic factors is Charlson Comorbidity Index – CCI. We presented basic characteristics of CCI, literature review regarding the CCI, as well as advantages and disadvantages of this index. CCI represents optimal balance between ease of use and prognostic capabilities. CCI value significantly contributes to better assessment of the long-term survival and the selection of appropriate cancer therapy.


The paper argues that Agrarian Fundamentalism--both of Tory and Marxist origin--provides an erroneous analysis of the development of British agriculture between 1500 and 1800. Referring to his earlier work, the author argues that: (a) enclosures make little contribution to productivity growth; (b) there was no correlation between farm size and yield; (c) enclosures and farm amalgamations reduced employment per acre, but the labour released was not successfully reemployed in manufacturing; (d) real agricultural prices rose in England between the late middle ages and the nineteenth century, thus increasing inequaltiy by reducing the real incomes of the poor relative to the rich.


ABSTRACT The article explores a confidential group-lending dataset from a Chinese commercial bank based on a policy shock of China's government; and evidences that social capital determinants, proxied by consanguinity, geographical and business relationship, play significant roles in improving the repayment performance of small group-loan, meanwhile commercial bank can earn favourable benefits. Our results enlighten that commercial financial institutions can alleviate poverty by combining small group-loan with the guarantees of social capital together.


The authors firstly outline BBN and probability reasoning, then propose and implement our intelligent tutoring system that uses BBN as student models, and emphasize the structure and functions and probability reasoning algorithm of student models. The data of practical examples in the operation of the system really reflect how the student model solves problems currently.


Spirometry in pediatrics can be limited by the child's development which is usually related to age. In 2005 the American Thoracic Society (ATS) and European Respiratory Society (ERS) published updated quality control criteria for spirometry. In 2007 the ATS/ERS published specific criteria for spirometry in preschool children 6 years of age and younger. Our primary objective was to determine the influence of age on the ability of children to meet updated spirometry criteria for acceptable and repeatable tests. Our second objective was to determine which criteria are associated with unacceptable tests. Data was prospectively collected over 12 months for children 4–17 years of age performing spirometry for the first time. Unsuccessful tests were analyzed to determine specific criteria not achieved. Three hundred ninety‐three studies were collected and 292 (74%) met recently revised ATS/ERS criteria for acceptable and repeatable tests. Acceptable and repeatable test success was not correlated to the gender or race of the children. The percentage of acceptable and repeatable spirometry increased with age rising above 50% by age 6 and reached a plateau with approximately 85% success at age 10. The most common unmet criteria for an unacceptable study among preschool children was glottic closure and non‐maximal efforts, while in school‐age children was failure to plateau. These data demonstrate most children are able to perform acceptable/repeatable spirometry with their first effort based on revised ATS/ERS criteria. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2008; 43:1020–1024. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


To implement numeralization and automation during the manufacturing of beverage bottles, a data management system for the numerical design and manufacturing of beverage bottle was proposed, which was required in the process of the rheological tests, simulation of stretch-blow process, and the optimization of the processing parameters. Simultaneously, several key technologies were illustrated in detail, including the processing of the experimental data, the seamless integration of various systems, the data mining and optimization of processing parameters. Application of this system beneficially offers technical support to lessen the experimental workload, improve the manufacturing process, guide the operation in workshop, shorten the design cycle and improve the efficiency.


Pierre-Louis Ginguene (1748-1816), poet, literary critic and journalist, began his literary career with Marmontel, La Harpe, Chamfort and Garat, and can be considered a disciple of the «philosophes ». He was also, however, the close friend of Lebrun, the poet, known as Lebrun-Pindare. He wrote Lebrun a letter on 12th August 1789 which expresses the enthusiasm felt by a disciple of Voltaire and Rousseau for the first revolutionary events.


Manufacturing forces must be known because of their key role in determining geometrical precision of the manufactured parts, in influencing technological system's rigidity and in reducing energy consumption. The innovation of the designed device for measuring these forces consists in the elastic element, whose shape and behaviour were simulated by Finite Element Method, ANSYS Program. The device's prototype was tested so that, its rigidity characteristics and calibration equations have been determined. Used while manufacturing, both in machining and metal forming process, and aided by a LabVIEW data acquisition system, the device enabled the exact determination of manufacturing forces.


In recent years, the application of repair and reinforcement method of existing structure is advanced with CFRP. In this method, on-site hand lay-up molding/bonding or CFRP plate bonding is often used. However, in the case of hand lay-up method, the construction time is increased with the number of layers. Also, the case of CFRP plates, it is difficult to apply without planar surface. Then, a method with more workability and high reinforcement effect should be developed to increase the structural performance. In this study, we propose a technique that can increase stiffness rapidly and efficiently by using pre-formable carbon fiber sheets that can solve these problems by vacuum assisted resin transfer molding and bonding method on the surface of existing structure and we demonstrate its bending strength by experiment.


An aluminum alloy wire comprising an aluminum alloy. The aluminum alloy contains 0.005%–2.2% by mass Fe with the remainder being Al and unavoidable impurities. In the aluminum alloy wire cross-section, a rectangular surface layer crystallization measurement region having a short side length of 50 µm and a long side length of 75 µm is taken from a surface region from the surface to a depth of 50 µm. The average area of crystallized matter present in the surface layer crystallization measurement region is 0.05–3 µm 2 .


The extraction of structured information and content semantics from audio is the key to deep processing of audio information, content-based retrieval and video analysis. This paper discusses the methods and techniques of audio event detection and semantic analysis in complex audio environment. Considering the number of non-target events, as well as problems such as detection strategy, detection time, the decision tree model based on AdaBoost is used to alleviate the sample imbalance problem. Then an integrated learning is used to provide a general framework for key audio event detection. The simulation results show that the multi-layer retrieval strategy effectively reduces false alarm and improves detection accuracy because of the low computational complexity of decision tree which also guarantees the detection time. At the same time, it shows better classification accuracy and speed for traditional audio recognition methods.


Summary form only given. Aseptic processing and filling is a food industry technology. No unified applied aseptics knowledge domain exists apart from individual cases of product loss experienced at factories. Case based reasoning technology was selected to develop an information handling system. A prototype system demonstrated the potential advantages. Complex cases of large product loss are relatively rare and often involve conflicting accounts of what actually happened. They proved difficult to interpret retrospectively. The initial focus was on routine cases of reports from production operators, mechanics, quality assurance tests and support material from records such as machine downtime sheets and data loggers on equipment. Models of routine domain knowledge were represented in various, cross-referencing case libraries used both to assist solving and to document complex cases. This initial system can be used to run inductive retrievals of records and reports. Suspect quality assurance samples can be related to evidence of a cause in production reports and records. Detailed trends in problems and faults can be examined and explored.<<ETX>>