In recent years, the agroexporter sector in Peru has seen more than other years affected by the industry Illicit Drug Trafficking (TID), this cancer of the supply chain, has been growing sequentially since these organizations are carried out in the framework of impunity in which, the Peruvian state must continue to battle hard together with private companies to mitigate it. According to the UN, Peru is among the leading producers and marketers of cocaine worldwide, according to the latest research of the "United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime", belonging to the UN, since our cocaine is considered "queen cocaine"because of its high purity and mixed with other drugs that gives greater sales value in the international market this drug, given this, the safety requirements for foreign trade operations, have been obliged to be stricter and stricter with companies involved in the supply chain since, should be affected with this issue directly impacting their image, losing competitiveness in the world market. This research has the general objective to identify the strategic contribution of the BASC certification Peruvian agricultural exports, ie if it functions as a tool of international marketing managing to introduce, promote, position and generate an added value of the products these companies offer providing a secure supply chain and determining traceability operations. The methodology used to obtain the results is based on a qualitative exploratory design, our variables will be expressed in qualitative terms. The research consists of three populations, which will be analyzed by instruments that are unstructured in-depth interviews guides.


Abstract Land consolidation and exchange have a significant impact on improving the spatial structure of rural areas in Poland. Given the fact that agricultural areas in different regions of Poland are characterized by different spatial and technical parameters and different legal and land-ownership-related conditions, it is necessary to conduct investigations and analyses focused on selecting the optimum features describing a given area. As demonstrated by previous studies, the areas located in central Poland are characterized by a defective land ownership pattern with an external patchwork of fields. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out studies to determine the size of that external patchwork of land ownership and to propose solutions for its liquidation. The analyses reported in this article clearly show that in the area studied, priority should be given to land exchange followed by land consolidation.


This paper examines the Colombian tax system as it is represented in the 1997 social accounts. We implement an economic model based on these data and evaluate the welfare e®ects of raising additional government revenue. The paper considers the marginal and inframarginal cost of raising revenue hrough various tax instruments, including captial taxes, excise taxes, mport tari®s, and value-added taxes. We conclude that value-added taxes nd select excise taxes are the most e±cient revenue source in both the hort- and long-run. Our analysis addresses both e±ciency and equity onsiderations in the design of tax policy. Independent of the need for dditional revenue, we find that social welfare could be improved through the adoption of more uniform tari® and value-added taxes, but some reforms of this type may be regressive.


Purpose To explore content validity of the ICF core set for Diabetes Mellitus from nurses' perspective. A two-round Delphi study was conducted with nurses specialized in diabetes care, who were recruited by purposive sampling. Level of agreement on relevance of ICF categories was calculated using Item-level Content Validity Index. Twenty-seven nurses judged 147 second level ICF categories on relevance for people with Diabetes Mellitus. Agreement was reached on 65 (44.2%) categories, of which 46 were from the ICF core set for Diabetes Mellitus, 17 were from previous validation studies, and two were additional categories that were mentioned as relevant. Forty-six out of the 65 categories were derived from the component body functions and structures. No agreement was reached on 82 (55.8%) categories, of which 33 were derived from the component environmental factors.


Abstract Microstructural evolution during partial remelting of AM60B alloy refined by 0.2 wt.% SiC particles at 615 °C has been investigated. The effect of as-cast microstructure on the resulting semisolid microstructure has also been discussed. The results indicate that the evolution process includes five stages, initial rapid coarsening, structure separation, spheroidization and coarsening, partial melting and final coarsening. The finer the as-cast microstructure is, the smaller and more spheroidal the primary particles of the resulting semisolid microstructure are. There is a threshold for the grain size of the as-cast microstructure. When the grain size is about 100 μm, one dendrite frequently evolves into one primary particle after being partially remelted. But when the grain size is larger than 100 μm, one dendrite often separates into several particles, and when it is smaller than 100 μm, one primary particle always originates from several dendrites.


A typical viscoplastic model will introduce up to three types of internal state variables in order to properly describe transient material behavior; they are as follows: the back stress, the yield stress, and the drag strength. Different models employ different combinations of these internal variables--their selection and description of evolution being largely dependent on application and material selection. Under steady-state conditions, the internal variables cease to evolve and therefore become related to the external variables (stress and temperature) through simple functional relationships. A physically motivated hypothesis is presented that links the kinetic equation of viscoplasticity with that of creep under steady-state conditions. From this hypothesis one determines how the internal variables relate to one another at steady state, but most importantly, one obtains bounds on the magnitudes of stress and back stress, and on the yield stress and drag strength.


Real-world diffusion phenomena are governed by collective behaviors of individuals, and their underlying connections are not limited to single social networks but are extended to globally interconnected heterogeneous social networks. Different levels of heterogeneity of networks in such global diffusion may also reflect different diffusion processes. In this regard, we focus on uncovering mechanisms of information diffusion across different types of social networks by considering hidden interaction patterns between them. For this study, we propose dual representations of heterogeneous social networks in terms of direct and indirect influence at a macro level. Accordingly, we propose two macro-level diffusion models by extending the Bass model with a probabilistic approach. By conducting experiments on both synthetic and real datasets, we show the feasibility of the proposed models. We find that real-world news diffusion in social media can be better explained by direct than indirect diffusion between different types of social media, such as News, social networking sites (SNS), and Blog media. In addition, we investigate different diffusion patterns across topics. The topics of Politics and Disasters tend to exhibit concurrent and synchronous diffusion by direct influence across social media, leading to high relative entropy of diverse media participation. The Arts and Sports topics show strong interactions within homogeneous networks, while interactions with other social networks are unbalanced and relatively weak, which likely drives lower relative entropy. We expect that the proposed models can provide a way of interpreting strength, directionality, and direct/indirectness of influence between heterogeneous social networks at a macro level.


The recent advances in technology are a catalyst of deep in radical change of approaches and methodologies in the area of foreign languages, and thoroughly teaching. The Internet and the virtual learning environments have diversified the opportunities for instructors, instructional designers as well as learners by varying and broadening the alternatives for learning and teaching languages. Employing virtual tools and applications other than classroom and course books requires reconsidering thoroughly the course design. However, before redesigning, it is critical to reflect on our own as well other's teaching perspective. On how we believe should happen through education, it will be reflected in how we choose and use technologies.

Language instructors have the freedom as well the responsibility to set learners expectations and to determine the purpose and outcomes of the learning activities. These decisions are embedded in our perspective on how we interpret the world and our actions within it.

In order to identify our perspective or philosophy of teaching I will briefly summarize the Philosophies –in-Practice with the role of technology and the Teaching Perspective developed by Pratt and Collins.
Philosophies-In-Practice

Liberal/ Perennial: The primary aim for educators is to search for truth, and to develop good and moral people. The instructional method facilitates intellectual training, and it would not normally involve the use of technology.

Progressive: Educators focus on personal growth, maintenance, and promotion of a better society. Asynchronous communication technologies provide students equal opportunities to contribute.

Behaviourist: Bring observable changes in behaviour. The use of e- learning technologies results in effective and efficient learning.

Humanist: Support individual growth and self-actualization. Uses of technology provide flexible and open access to the growing needs of individual students.

Analytical: Support development of rationality. E-learning technologies serve well the learning process under certain circumstances.

Radical: Learners are enablers of radical social change. The biggest problem is not so much the use of technologies, per se, as the fact that most educational institutions use technologies that are owned by large corporations.

Teaching Perspectives

The research of Daniel Pratt and John Collins have led to develop an instrument called Teaching Perspectives Inventory (www.teachingperspectives.com) to collect thoughts and summarize ideas about teaching. It gives direction to the process of critical reflection by providing a baseline of information as well as articulating teachers' own beliefs about learning, knowledge, and the social role of "teacher."

The inventory yields five perspectives: Transmission, Apprenticeship, Developmental, Nurturing, and Social Reform.

Transmission: Commitment to the content or subject matter. It is a teacher's primary responsibility to represent the content accurately and efficiently for learners.

Apprenticeship: Effective teaching is a process of enculturating students into a set of social norms and ways of working.

Developmental: Effective teaching must be planned and conducted "from the learner's point of view".

Nurturing: Effective teaching assumes that long-term, hard, persistent effort to achieve comes from the heart, as well as the head.

Social Reform: Effective teaching seeks to change society in considerable ways. The object of teaching is the collective rather than the individual.


The circulation economy is a new kind of production pattern which could achieve the purposes of saving resources and protecting ecologicalenvironment through recycling the resources, circulating use or deep processing, reducing the discharge of rejectamenta.The development of circulation economy is a great move to fulfill the value of scientific development and implement the strategy of continuable development. The problem is its mechanism, which should be " Government instructs, Enterprise acts, Society participates, market operates".


Partial table of contents: GENERAL CONCEPTS AND BASIC PRINCIPLES. Detection and Observation of Free Radicals. Radical Structure. Radical Stability. Reactivity of Free Radicals. Radical Kinetics. REACTIONS: CLASSIFICATIONS AND MECHANISMS. Production of Free Radicals. Radical-Radical Reactions. Substitution Reactions. Addition and Fragmentation Reactions. Reactions of Charged Radicals. Free Radicals in Biochemistry. APPLICATIONS IN SYNTHESIS. Functionalization of C-H Bond. Transformation of Functional Groups. Cyclization. Aromatic Substitution. Coupling Reactions. Free Radical Reactions in Industry. REFERENCES AND TABLES. References. Index.


Fully Connected Cubic Network(FCCN) is a multi\|level hierarchical interconnection network with constant degree for massive parallel processing systems. FCCN has a number of excellent properties, such as high scalability and modularity. An \%m\% level FCCN is constructed by \!fully connecting\" 8 (\%m\%-1)\|FCCNs. The diameter is in the order of the cubic root of the number of nodes. Owing to the highly scalable structure, the routing algorithm proposed for FCCN is very simple to implement, although the self\|routing algorithm is not optimal. We showed that in more than 85% case the minimum distance is obtained. By using the self\|routing algorithm the average internodal distance is also in order of the cubic root of the number of nodes.


Our paper describes the modeling of finite, aperiodic SAW transducers of arbitrary polarity sequence and phasing in the presence of reflections caused by field shorting and mass loading. Electrostatic interactions are described by a chargepotential interrelation (CPI) matrix, and the coupling to surface waves by a mixed nodal impedance/scattering (MNIS) formalism which completely accounts for electroacoustic interactions within the transducer. Starting with the solution of the electrostatic problem, we compute the acoustically induced charge distribution, the excited SAW, and the reflection coefficient, input conductance and susceptance of the IDT. The susceptance is obtained directly without the need of a Hilbert transform. By exploiting special properties of the CPI and MNIS matrices, we present an algorithm whose computer time and memory requirements increase only linearly with the finger count of the IDT. As an example, the Hanma-Hunsinger singlephase unidirectional transducer (SPUDT) configuration is analyzed and its tripletransit suppression performance evaluated. This SPUDT is of particular interest because it requires no extra metallization step.


Massive and extended dark halos can inhibit the formation of long tidal tails in galaxy collisions. We examine this effect using an extensive survey of simulations with different dark halo potentials to constrain halo properties of interacting galaxies. These constraints are compared to other observational limits and theoretical predictions of halo structure. The dark halos predicted by $\Omega=1$ cosmological models like CDM are too massive and extended to produce the long tidal tails seen in nearby galaxy collisions. There is also a conflict with the halo potentials inferred from satellite kinematics; such halos would likewise inhibit tail formation in galaxy collisions.


Libraries face incredible challenges to fulfill their missions of building and providing access to digital and print collections as well as an ever growing array of services to meet their clientele's information needs. So many libraries lack adequate financial resources to accomplish these goals and must continually make difficult decisions on how to allocate their funds and efforts. Technology forms part of the essential infrastructure upon which libraries rely on to carry out every aspect of their work. In the context of these challenges, the technology systems that support libraries must offer much more than traditional functions. They must also be populated with content components and be intrinsically designed to connect and communicate with a complex array of persons and organizations. The traditional integrated library system might be seen as a mere starting point of what libraries ultimately need for technology infrastructure. An automation system itself, though offering practical functionality, seems but an empty shell until populated with content resources and connected into the fabric of the library's business infrastructure and its patron's personal and social networks. The bibliographic records providing a basic representation of its collection are a good starting point. Today's libraries benefit from a much richer approach to content and connections, which can be thought of in several categories.


In this study, we examine whether a country's implementation of major corporate governance reforms affects firms' cross-listing activities. Using a difference-in-differences (DID) research design, we find that following the implementation of corporate governance reforms in their home countries, firms are more likely to engage in cross-listing activities and tend to cross-list in host countries with stronger investor protection and more developed markets than those in countries with no reforms in the same period. The results from country-level cross-sectional tests indicate that this effect is greater for firms in home countries with weaker investor protection and less developed stock markets in the pre-reform period. The reforms also have a stronger effect on firms subject to less analyst following and greater external finance dependence. Finally, we find a stronger association between cross-listing activities and institutional ownership after the reforms. Taken together, this study increases understanding of the tradeoff between cross-border capital supply and demand.


Xew evidence of the nature of the bilateral cortex in crimped wool is presented and discussed in relation to the physical and chemical properties of the wool fibre. The origin of the asymmetry in the cortex was studied by cutting cross sections of sheep skin and swelling plucked wool roots. It is shown that the bilateral structure is present before the cortex is keratinized and does not originate from an asymmetrical keratinization as has been suggested. Coarse wools, in which crimp is much less, are shown to possess a radial asymmetry in which the peripheral cortical cells are less accessible to basic dyes and have a higher sulphur content than the central cells. This is related to the difference between the curved follicles from which fine fibres are produced and the straighter follicles producing coarse fibres.


Arsenic hazard is severe serious to environment and human health. In recent years,arsenic is paid high concern as a toxic metallic element. This paper summarized the latest research results at home and abroad,deemed that there existed an obvious tendency of arsenic accumulation in arable land in China. The paper also analyzed the natural and anthropogenic sources of arsenic. Meanwhile,this paper systemetically introduced the related control measures adopted at present including the physics,chemistry,biology,and agronomy methods,from the angle of removing arsenic from arable land and reducing its effectiveness. Furthermore,this paper prospected the future research direction and hotspots.


In October 1998, the IPA delegation in Castro Verde was alerted about a recently disturbed and violated burial. Located at the Monte Novo-it-Rez estate, in Ourique (central-south of Portugal), the grave was identified has a one-piece marble coffin, whose cover and closing structure had been recently destroyed and its interior completely revolved. Once the site was still vulnerable to further destruction, a salvage excavation was undertaken in order to preserve the existing structures.
Fieldwork lasted about a week and the coffin was removed and stored at the IPA delegation in Castro Verde. The recovered osteological remains clearly indicate the occurrence of two different inhumations and the analysis of the structure and its associated materials point towards a chronology between the second half of the 4th century and the second half of the 5th century AD.


Lithium-ion battery cells not only show different behaviors depending on degradation and charging states, but also overcharge and overdischarge of cells shorten battery life and cause safety problems, thus studies aiming to provide an accurate state of a cell are required. Measurements of battery cell impedance are used for cell SoH and SoC estimation techniques, but it generally takes a long time for a cell in each state to be prepared and cell voltage response is measured when charging and discharging under each condition. This study introduces an electrical equivalent circuit model of lithium-ion cells developed in the MATLAB/Simulink environment. Cell SoC, SoH, temperature, and C-rate are considered for more accurate cell impedance prediction, and the simulation results are verified with the measurement results. The developed model is suitable for use in cell SoC and SoH monitoring studies by successfully outputting cell impedance through real-time prediction of cell voltage during discharge.


Presently, good understanding of second harmonic generation in a weakly nonlinear plate has been obtained, yet the limited number of primary excitations constrains the use of second harmonics in field measurements. The cumulative characteristics of third harmonic generation in a cubic nonlinear plate has been investigated. The power flux analysis shows that primary wave fields are capable of generating a cumulative third harmonic that is of the same nature. Further synchronism analysis shows that the primary shear-horizontal modes are holo-internal-resonant with third harmonic fields, which will be advantageous in experimental measurements. A nonlinear finite element simulation confirms that the primary SH1 mode generates a cumulative sh3 third harmonic mode.


Adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein(A-FABP),as a member of the fatty acid binding protein(FABPs) family,play a pivotal role in regulating intracellular fat concentration and then affect intramuscular fat(IMF) in mammalian.So A-FABP was suggested as a candidate gene of IMF in some species of livestock and poultry.In this study,single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) was investigated at A-FABP intron 3,exon4 and 3′-UTR in Gannan yak,Qinghai yak and Tianzhu white yak(Bos grunniens) by polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformational polymorphism(PCR-SSCP) so as to analyse their molecular genetic characteristics.Five novel SSCP patterns,representing five different alleles A-E were identified in three yak populations.With alignment of the bovine(Bos tauras) and yak A-FABP allelic sequences,six SNPs including a synonymous mutation(c.4222AG)at exon 4 were checked in yak.SNP c.*94TA in 3′-UTR of A-FABP which was only detected in yak population represented one of genetic characteristics of yak that differ from the bovine.Alleles distributed disproportionably among three yak populations,such as only alleles A-C were observed in Tianzhu white yak and alleles A-D in Qinghai yak.This may be related to geographical distribution and breeding methods of different yak populations.The mutations in amplified region of yak A-FABP would become a potential locus for genetic markers of meat quality traits of yak as it showed moderate polymorphism with PIC in the range of 0.29-0.36 and higher effective number of alleles(Ne).


The presented bachelor thesis on the topic Modern methods of detection of genetic defects in the foetus is dividend into theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part is focused on history of prenatal diagnostics, embryology, an overview of the most serious congenital defects in the foetus and the non-invasive and invasive methods in prenatal diagnostics. In the practical part was to determine the level of knowledge respondents and their awareness of this issue. Next objective was to determine women's satisfaction with the medical and midwives and to find respondents interested in establishing a new educational material. Results are presented in tables and graphs.


The paper attempts to identify the deterrents thedeterrents for fast boot experience in embedded Linux-basedsystems and proposes a new idea with new results for betteruser experience during system boot up. The novel softwarepartitioning scheme in combination with an adaptive mountingorder is proposed in this paper is a self adaptive mechanismapplicable to embedded infotainment devices in general. A newbreed of home entertainment and low end computing deviceswith local processing power like Set Top Box (STB) with PClike features, Thin-clients, Telemedicine client, and others arein vogue with growing sizes of external flash storage devices. Itis always observed that a considerable amount of time iscontributed to mount the external flash storage device, withinthe total time required from boot up to first user application.Measurement shows that the adaptive mounting orderimproves the initial user experience by 25% in an 80MBNAND Flash (50% improvement in mount time), which willtheoretically scale up for an application software with largerfootprint.


Schools are a focal point of a community and the efficient running of their buildings, including energy efficiency, is paramount not only to be able to operate economically but also to remain in operation even in the event of a power outage or other hazard.
This article describes a study carried out by the School of Architecture and Planning at the University of Auckland to audit the energy used by Remuera Intermediate School and review the potential of photovoltaics (PVs) to allow the School to be more autonomous in its energy supply and to have the potential to feed electricity into the grid at times when it has surplus.


Transforming growth factor‐β (TGFβ) is a key regulator of cell proliferation, death, migration, and differentiation. To explore mechanisms of TGFβ action, we performed systemic analysis of functional dependencies between 153 proteins which changed their expression and synthesis upon treatment of human breast epithelial cells with TGFβ1. We found that TGFβ1 initiated signaling via a scale‐free network of proteins which affect primary cellular metabolism, stress response, signal transduction, transport, transcription, cytoskeleton, and cell death. Multiple inputs into each functional domain were observed, emphasizing robustness of TGFβ1 signaling. Network analysis demonstrated importance of a Plag1/CNK1/RASSF1A/Src‐dependent prozone effect, as a systemic feature which is crucial for TGFβ1‐dependent activation of Erk1/2 and regulation of cell proliferation. We showed that the balance between Plag1, CNK1, RASSF1A and Src defined whether TGFβ1 will stimulate, inhibit or will have no effect on a long‐term activation of Erk1/2 and subsequent TGFβ1 inhibitory or stimulatory effect on cell proliferation. This is the first demonstration of importance of systemic features for incorporation of Erk1/2 activation into TGFβ1 signaling.


With the knowledge economy era, knowledge workers have been regarded as the intangible asset in an organization and played a leading role to support an organization's innovative competence; therefore, knowledge workers' capabilities of knowledge exploration and knowledge exploitation are expected to improve an organization's competitiveness. This study aims at analyzing the effect of knowledge exploration and knowledge exploitation on procedural justice. The population of the research consists of IT engineers in Taiwan with the sample size of 104 subjects who were selected based on convenience sampling. Data analysis was done using IBM SPSS 22. The results show that knowledge exploration is positively correlated to knowledge exploitation and organizational justice, and knowledge exploitation is positively correlated to organizational justice.


The authors reply to the comments made by Rautio (IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol.52, no.10, p.2448-9, Oct. 2004) on the original paper by Okhmatovski et al. (IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol.51, p.2355-65, Dec. 2003).


Discussion on the coordinated development of university ideological and political education and party building work is studied in this paper. As engineers of the human soul, in the face of historical tasks in the new era, college teachers, especially professional course teachers, must advance with the times, improve moral education awareness, improve moral education ability, and strengthen teachers' ethics. In the new era, choosing a core forward-looking educational concept that keeps pace with the times has practical significance for shaping the correct ideological values of the college students. Then, we consider the combination with the party building to construct the efficient education.


The traffic of vehicle with special load has become hot issues at present.In this paper the whole real-time monitoring process of the bridge when 358 t vehicle pass through is introduced from static and dynamic aspects,based upon analysis of measured data evaluation is made.


We have observed three fields of the Coma Cluster of galaxies with a narrowband (modified Strömgren) filter system. Observed galaxies include 31 in the vicinity of NGC 4889, 48 near NGC 4874, and 60 near NGC 4839, complete to M5500 = -18 in all three subclusters. Spectrophotometric classification finds all three subclusters of Coma to be dominated by red, E-type (elliptical/S0) galaxies with a mean blue fraction, fB, of 0.10. The blue fraction increases to fainter luminosities, possible remnants of dwarf starburst population or the effects of dynamical friction removing bright, blue galaxies from the cluster population by mergers. We find the color-magnitude (CM) relation to be well defined and linear over the range of M5500 = -13 to -22. The observational error is lower than the true scatter around the CM relation, indicating that galaxies achieve their final positions in the mass-metallicity plane by stochastic processes. After calibration to multimetallicity models, bright elliptical galaxies are found to have luminosity-weighted mean [Fe/H] values between -0.5 and +0.5, whereas low-luminosity elliptical galaxies have [Fe/H] values ranging from -2 to solar. The lack of CM relation in our continuum color suggests that a systematic age effect cancels the metallicity effects in this bandpass. This is confirmed with our age index Δ(bz-yz), which finds a weak correlation between luminosity and mean stellar age in elliptical galaxies such that the stellar populations of bright elliptical galaxies are 2–3 Gyrs younger than low-luminosity elliptical galaxies. With respect to environmental effects, there is a slight decreasing metallicity gradient with respect to distance to each subcluster center, strongest around NGC 4874. Since NGC 4874 is the dynamic and X-ray center of the Coma Cluster, this implies that environmental effects on low-luminosity elliptical galaxies are strongest at the cluster core compared with outlying subgroups.


DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF AN ENGLISH AS A SECOND LANGUAGE PROGRAM IN A BILINGUAL COLLEGE by Clara Virgcn Velazquez The main goal of the dissertation is to present the design and implementation of an English as a second language (ESL) program at the


Seeking Commitment (1940-1944), Olivier Wieviorka. ; In spite of preconceived ideas, engagements during the black years remained the exception. The explanation of danger is not sufficient : collaboration did not mobilize more massively than the Resistance. At least the Resistance induced a new form of engagement, that reconciled, in the name of a group condemned to passivity, an ethic of conviction and one of responsability. The Resistance was a minority effort to restore the general interest during a period of withdrawal towards the private sphere. It defines a libertarian type of engagement whose model continued to wield a strong attraction even up to the 1968 generation, but whose nature also helps to explain the political failure after the Liberation.


The purpose of this paper is to find out the value added and production income of smallholder rubber farming in the Woyla District of West Aceh Regency. The method used in this study is the porposional survey method, which is implemented in Gempa Raya Village and Aron Baroeh Village in Woyla District, West Aceh Regency. Determination of sample villages is done purposively (Purposive sampling), with the consideration that the village has farmers who seek smallholder rubber farming. Methods of data collection conducted by the authors in this study include primary data obtained through observation and direct interviews with farmers. Secondary data is obtained from library studies, related institutions, journals,  relating to this research. The results showed that the factor discount (social opportunity of capital) was 12%, this means that NVP was obtained (> 0), Net B / C Ratio (> 1) and IRR> 1, then the development of smallholder rubber farming was feasible in Woyla District District West Aceh.


Black and white Americans disagree consistently and often substantially in their views on national policy. This racial divide is most pronounced on policies that intrude conspicuously on the fortunes of blacks and whites, but it is also apparent on a wide array of social welfare issues where race is less obviously in play. Our analysis takes up the question of why blacks and whites differ so markedly, distin- guishing among four alternative inter- pretations: one centers attention on underlying differences of class, an- other on political principles, a third on social identity, and the fourth on audi- ence. Our results are complicated but coherent. We discuss their implica- tions for the meaning of group inter- est, speculate on the conditions un- der which the racial divide might close (or widen) in the foreseeable future, and suggest why we should not wish racial differences in opinion to disappear.


The removal of carbon impurity from Nd2S3 has been studied by heating in the gases of 4 % H2/N2, H2S and NH3. When the sulfide containing 1,200 mass ppm carbon impurity was heated in 4 % H2/N2 or H2S at 1,600 °C for 1 h, the carbon content decreased to 600 mass ppm. With NH3 gas, the carbon content decreased to 850 mass ppm by heating at a lower temperature of 1,000 °C for 1 h. Prolonged heating for 5 h resulted in further decrease of carbon content to 600 ppm. The mechanism of reaction of carbon with the above different gases is discussed in relation to the free energy change associated with the reactions. The phase transformation from - to -Nd2S3 was observed after the decarbonization with 4 % H2/N2 and H2S, while it did not occur during the low temperature processing at 1,000 °C in NH3.


AAMI has released a 2009 amendment to ANSI/ AAMI ST79:2006, Comprehensive guide to steam sterilization and sterility assurance in health care facilities. Originally published in November 2006, this revision and consolidation of five documents (ST33, ST37, ST42, ST46, and ST35) has become a widely popular resource. ST79 was the fist AAMI standard to be part of the American National Standards Institute's "continuous maintenance" classification. As such, AAMI considers requests for change more often than the regular five-year intervals for AAMI standards. A previous amendment was published in November 2008. The 2009 amendment provides additional guidance to a number of areas of ST79, just a few of which are discussed below.


We investigate the equation of state for a recently developed hybrid quark-meson-nucleon model under neutron star conditions of $\beta-$equilibrium and charge neutrality. The model has the characteristic feature that at increasing baryon density chiral symmetry is restored in a first order transition within the hadronic phase by lifting the mass splitting between chiral partner states, before quark deconfinement takes place. Most important for this study are the nucleon (neutron, proton) and $N(1535)$ states. We present three sets for the two free parameters which result in compact star mass-radius relations in accordance with modern constraints on the mass from PSR~J0437-4715 and on the compactness from GW170817. We also consider the threshold for the direct URCA process for which a new relationship is given and suggest as an additional constraint on the parameter choice of the model that this process shall become operative at best for stars with masses above the range for binary radio pulsars, $M>1.4~M_\odot$.


Paranoid undergraduates are typical in institutions of higher education.Interpersonal relationship tension is easy to cause the serious consequences.The generation of undergraduate paranoid personality are mainly influenced by physiological characteristics,growth experience,genetic factors;family's economy environment.Therefore,when treating these undergraduates counselors should give them unconditional love,make them open their hearts,and vent as much as they like under the care of teachers' love,as well as gain the encouragement and find out self-confidence.


Four children with cerebral visual impairment caused by periventricular leukomalacia were followed in an ethnographic clinical case study for two years during their process of learning to read in mainstream classes. When compared to children with ocular visual impairment, children with cerebral visual impairment often exhibit an uneven cognitive profile with visuo-spatial deficits but good verbal capacities. One main problem for children with deficits due to periventricular leukomalacia is decreased visual acuity with crowding, that is, an inability to identify symbols in a line, while single symbols of the same size may be identified. A question addressed in the study is what kind of strategies does the child with "crowding" problems develop in reading long words in print. Could Braille, as a sequential reading medium, be an alternative for the child with simultaneous visual problems? Two children were offered both Braille and print reading as reading media, one of whom preferred Braille after two years of training. The other two children read ordinary print without any special teaching. After two years, considerable differences in reading acquisition and reading strategies could be detected among the four children. No single factor seemed to account for the differences. Individual factors as well as teaching methods could be reasons for the differences.


This review concerns two important books on urban history of Seoul in the Joseon dynasty, both of which were recently published. Four points will be discussed focusing Koh's book, which is the newer of the two studies. First, the process of designating and developing Hanyang(漢陽) as capital of Joseon. While Yoshida argued that Hanyang was designated as capital based on a single idea of feng-shui(風水) and developed as a dukedom-scale city, Koh pointed out there was a more complex process of assignment and development of Hanyang than Yoshida implied and argued multiple ideas set the course of building the new capital. The roadblock to discussing this point further is the fact that the concerned documents are limited, so inventing new methodology is needed. Second, Koh revised the figures of census executed during the Joseon dynasty and the Japanese colonialist rule, and presented the trend in population in Seoul in the late Joseon dynasty. The work itself of revising existing figures based new developments is significant. However, the objectivity of the basis Koh used for working on these figures can leave rooms for doubt. Third, Koh portrayed Seoul of the late Joseon dynasty as a modern city and its residents as modern urbanites, using a variety of documentation and literature. In a word, he depicted Seoul of that period as a more fluid state of urban community moved by wealth rather than strictly restricted by medieval ideals or a status system. However, his analysis is limited within the seventeenth and eighteenth century time frame. Fourth, Among the administrative units of Seoul administrative system during the late Joseon dynasty, Koh focused on bang(坊), while Yoshida stressed the importance of dong(洞). Koh argued that bang(坊), which was a unit of mobilizing labor by the state, gradually settled as a administrative unit. On the other hand, Yoshida said dong, which was evolved from alley(golmokgil), became a community unit of residents. Difference between the two studies arise from the fact that Koh's analysis focused on the seventeenth and eighteenth century, while Yoshida's the late nineteenth century. Therefore, these two studies can complement each other. Lastly, there are two essential issues besides four points discussed remaining unanswered: first, the nineteenth century Joseon remained not studied for urban studies, and second, Seoul had too many unique features to be regarded and analyzed as a mere region.


seized on the representation of women warriors as a way to fantasize about the possibilities of female agency. Eagerly reading press reports of the revolution in France and chafing at their inability to participate, these writers, as Koser con vincingly demonstrates, saw armed female militants as an opportunity to imagine alternatives for their own lives. In thinking about ways in which the line of inquiry represented in Koser's monograph might be extended, I found myself wondering if it might have been productive to contextualize these armed women warriors more broadly in Ger man culture. There is a brief section in the book (6–10) that covers German theories of comparative anatomy and gender difference in the period. One might go on, however, to think about them more deeply in the context of shifting understandings of women's role in the household, of the emphasis placed on breastfeeding, and of the more profound role that mothers were understood to play in the socialization of children (see Friedrich Kittler's Aufschreibesysteme). What does it say that these warrior figures emerged at precisely the same histori cal moment that the nuclear family and mothers' role in the bourgeois household were articulated, celebrated, and limited as never before? One might also think about the broader history of women's sexuality and the way that feminine virtue, and especially chastity, was thematized in works of the period. Such arguments have turned out to be central for debates about aesthetics (see Christopher Wild's Theater der Keuschheit—Keuschheit des Theaters). And it would be worth thinking more about the historical specificity of these female figures around 1800. How are these representations of women warriors, at the turn of the nineteenth century, different from what came before and after? Koser seems to suggest at points that these women warriors around 1800 were almost without precedent: "Violent women, with the exception perhaps of Eurip ides's Bacchae or the iconic figures Judith and Salome, were rarely portrayed wielding their own weapons to inflict the fatal blow until the final decades of the eighteenth century" (5). But as Koser herself notes, German authors of this period consistently cited biblical (Judith, Yael), medieval (Joan of Arc), and ancient examples (the Amazons) to think about (and through) women warriors of this period. It would be interesting to think more about the shifting function of these armed women and the ways depictions of women warriors at the turn of the nineteenth century connect to earlier traditions of martyrdom.


Gridded bathymetric data of 30 seconds apart in Korea marginal seas are produced. In order to make the data, both updated gridded data of 1 minute apart on internet sites and all the digital nautical charts issued by National Oceanographic Research Institute (NORI) in Oct. 2007 are used. The reference level of the gridded data is approximate level of lowest low water and the horizontal coordinates are based on the WGS84 ellipsoid. Especially a developed computer program can collect all the sounding data including depth contour directly from the digital charts and UTM coordinates of the data are converted to the WGS84 coordinates from which accuracy of data is significantly improved. An interpolation method is adopted to produce the gridded data which are compared and analyzed against the existing gridded data. In this gridded data we can see significantly detailed topographic features which could not be found in the previous data.


Someone should produce a reality show based in corporate conference rooms. Oh sure, at first this sounds about as exciting as a reality show about actuaries. But who wouldn't want to see how, for example, bankrupt Northwest Airlines decided to distribute a memo to laid-off employees suggesting that they take dates on nice walks instead of buying movie tickets, and not to be "shy" about "pulling something you like out of the trash." Didn't people wearing suits have to gather around a meeting table and agree that this was a good idea? Who wouldn't want to see that? Oh, to be a fly on the wall at a major record label or movie studio meeting as they discuss the merits of DRM, or digital rights management. Wait, did I say "merits"?


Ethnographic studies and survey research are increasingly showing that the Internet has been tightly integrated into the situated social practices of its users. Cyberspace presents a classic environment for filling in gaps through and by virtue of one's personal psychological repertoire. This is where imagination and imagery are played out. Imagination entails the general cognitive capacity of human beings to fantasize about the nature of others, both people and environments or objects, through ideas, narratives, concepts, explanations, assumptions and beliefs. Imagery refers to the visual representation of imagined objects – namely, assigning them forms. In the context of online communication the role of imagination in generating emotions in cyberspace is even greater than in actual-space. The factual information we have about an online partner is usually more limited than our knowledge an offline partner and our imagination must fill in the gap. The present article tried to explain the ways in which the Romanians make use of blogs to construct an alternative space devoted to literary life. On the basis of official Romanian blogs ranking the present article will analyze a sample of ten culturally/literary personal blogs in order to identify the limits and perspectives offered by this alternative Agora.


A post-ring roundhouse and adjacent structure were recorded by University of Leicester Archaeological Services, during archaeological recording preceding laying of the Wing to Whatborough Hill trunk main in 1996 by Anglian Water plc. The form of the roundhouse together with the radiocarbon dating of charred grains and finds of pottery and flint indicate that the remains stemmed from occupation toward the end of the second millennium B.C. The distribution of charred cereal remains within the postholes indicates that grain including barley was processed and stored on site. A pit containing a small quantity of Beaker style pottery was also recorded to the east, whilst a palaeolith was recovered from the infill of a cryogenic fissure.


Some people exhibit prolonged apnoea following the administration of the muscle relaxant, suxamethonium. It has been shown that these people have an atypical serum cholinesterase. This atypical enzyme hydrolyses suxamethonium, and all other substrates against which it has been tested, less effectively than the usual type of serum cholinesterase (Kalow and Genest, Kalow and Staron, usual and the atypical phenotypes and A) of the enzyme the local anaesthetic, dibucaine, an of not suxamethonium they have dibucaine equipped with thermal plates was used. DN was determined by the method of Kalow and Genest (I957), and FN was determined by the method of Harris and Whittaker (I96I). The effect of temperature on the inhibition reactions was studied by obtaining DN and FN values at 23, 25, 26, 30, and 370 Except for the changes in temperature, the usual procedures for DN and FN were used.


Estimates were made of the energy levels and the oscillation frequencies of the impurity atom in the field of elastic tensions of the edge dislocation, based on the gradient theory of elasticity. The estimated values for the oscillation parameters of the boron atom in the silicon crystal are presented.


The present invention discloses a power driven tunnel inspection robot walking belt tensioning mechanism comprises a mounting base, tensioner pulley bracket tensioner pulley group, the group ratchet pawl, the drive mechanism, and the frame mounting base a support beam connected to tensioner base is connected with the mounting bracket, and the tensioner pulley tensioner pulley bracket group is connected, and the ratchet pawl mounting base connected group, connected to the drive mechanism and power mechanism, the ratchet comprises a ratchet pawl group , ratchet shaft, flat key ratchet pawl shaft, a ratchet shaft is connected to the mounting base, a ratchet shaft is connected to the ratchet pawl shaft connected to the mounting base, the intermediate shaft is provided with detent pawl, the pawl ring, ratchet the outer ring is provided with a torsion spring pawl, pawl shaft support beam and the frame by a pawl shaft fastening nut, the torsion spring end positioning posts connected to the frame beam supporting the side wall, the other end of the pawl connecting boss; simple structure, stable performance, high reliability, easy to adjust the belt tensioner force.


In this paper, we obtain Hartman-Wintner and Lyapunov-type inequalities for the three-point fractional boundary value problem of the fractional Liouville-Caputo differential equation of orderα ∈ (2, 3]. The results presented in this work are sharper than the existing results in the literature. As an application of the results, the fractional Sturm–Liouville eigenvalue problems have also been presented. Moreover, we examine the nonexistence of the nontrivial solution of the fractional boundary value problem.


Based on the climatological data observed by 12 meteorological stations in the area around Taklimakan desert during 1961 2007,the fundamental change characteristic of key climate elements such as temperatures,amount of precipitation,Potential evapotranspiration and aridity index were analyzed by using linear regression,Morlet wavelet analysis,Mann-Kendall abrupt test and EOF.The main results obtained are as follows:(1) The annual mean temperature,precipitation are in an increasing trend,but the annual potential evapotranspiration and aridity index are in an decreasing trend.Generally,the climate is in the obvious warm and wet change tendency in the area around Taklimakan desert in this 47-year period.However,there is a "warming and dry" signs that is worthy paying attention to since the early or mid-term of 1990s,when the temperature continued to rise,the potential evapotranspiration and aridity appeared increasing trend.(2) The abrupt examination indicated that the annual mean temperature dramatically ascend in 1970,precipitation fast increased in 1981,but the annual potential evapotranspiration and aridity index abruptly reduced in 1981.(3) Temperature,precipitation,potential evapotranspiration and aridity index evolved with quasi-3-year,8-year and 16 to 23-year periods,respectively.(4) The most spatial distribution characteristics are similar among that of temperature,precipitation,potential evapotranspiration and aridity index in the area around Taklimakan desert in these 47 years.


The present invention aims a certain fluorinated surfactants, their use in an acid etching solution, such as aqueous buffered acid etch solutions. The etching solution is used widely various substrates, for example, etching of the silicon oxide-containing substrates.


The strata in the 1st member of the Liushagang Formation are explored with the aid of the Milankovitch theory for the selected wells of the WZ11-4N Oil Field in the Weixinan depression. The spectral analysis of the natural gamma-ray spectral logs shows that the strata in the 1st member strata of the Liushagang Formation are dominantly controlled by the 401 ka,125 ka and 95 ka eccentricity cycles. The high-resolution astronomical timescale is based on the major Milankovitch curves for the 1st member of the Liushagang Formation. The 125 ka eccentricity curves are used as the referenced curves for the 6th-order sequence stratigraphic division and conduct the high-resolution cyclic stratigraphic division and correlation,and finally the division and correlation of the sedimentary facies within the high-resolution stratigraphic framework in the 1st member of the Liushagang Formation.


The 1980s represented an important period for teaching and learning Physical Education in schools, especially considering methodological aspects and content covered. It can be recognized that changes in methodologies have instrumentalized the movement's practice, however, without highlighting aspects of a pedagogical or critical nature. In this scenario, sport is characterized as a socio-cultural practice and, in the school environment, the form of teaching must be questioned, distancing itself from the reproduction of stereotypes of high performance and alienated training. Thus, it becomes relevant to analyze the approach to sport in the regular educational context. The objective is to analyze the insertion of sport in Physical Education at School for Elementary and High School from the Curricular Proposal of the State of São Paulo. This is a quantitative and qualitative documentary study. A survey of the proportionality of the distribution of topics related to sport and other content approaches was also used. Initially, the systematic reading of the text of the Curricular Proposal of the State of São Paulo was organized. 68 themes were identified to be addressed from the EF to the EM, from the Teacher's Notebooks. Sports, dances, gymnastics, physical abilities were observed; body, health, beauty among others. Thirty themes and content directly related to sport stood out, representing 44% of the total. Sport is predominant content, despite the recognized advances in relation to previous moments, gaps were identified to subsidize the student's global development. It is suggested to propose studies that assist in the educational actions of the teacher in the area and move towards innovation in sports education at school.


The audience's first exposure to a new movie is often in the form of a 'coming attraction' trailer, and short previews are also a vanguard for emerging technology and visual techniques. This book demonstrates how the trailer has educated audiences in new film technologies such as synchronized sound, widescreen and 3-D, tracing the trailer's status as a trailblazer on to new media screens and outlets such as television, the Internet, and the iPod. The impact and use of new technologies and the evolution of trailers beyond the big screen is followed into the digital era.


Informal markets are located at various Central Business Districts (CBD) within the eThekwini Municipality with hundreds of individuals visiting these markets due to the fresh produce and low prices that are available at these markets. There are no storage facilities that are provided to the traders for extended life span of their fresh produce hence there are large quantities of food waste or organic waste which is disposed of on a daily basis. These wastes are collected by Durban Solid Waste (DSW) regularly and are disposed of at one of the three active landfill sites within the municipality. Proper waste management of these wastes are imperative as the impacts of negative waste management has dire consequences to health, and the environment and can take up a large proportion of the municipal budget to correct those situations. Solid waste emanating from informal markets are the second highest municipal solid wastes after residential wastes that are landfilled. These wastes contain a high fraction of waste for which diversion alternatives exists however, these practices have not been implemented. AIM: This study aimed to evaluate the waste management cycle utilized by fresh produce market informal traders in Durban, KwaZulu-Natal. METHOD: A descriptive, cross sectional study was conducted using questionnaires that were administered to the participants. The questionnaires were the main research tool utilized for the study. The study was conducted at two markets within the Durban Municipality. These were the Early Morning Market and the Verulam Market of a total of seventeen markets within the municipality. Simple random samplings were used in order to achieve a degree of accuracy and representativeness. To achieve a 95% confidence level, participants were invited to respond to the study having signed the informed consent form. Descriptive statistics were presented in the form of graphs, cross tabulations and other figures for the quantitative data that was collected. The Pearson's Chi-squared test was used where applicable for bivariate associations between categorical variables. Confidence intervals of 95% were calculated and p<0.005 were considered to be statistically significant. RESULTS: A total of 197 of informal traders within the two markets responded to the questionnaire. The results indicated that 89.2% (n=173) were females while 10.8% (n=21) were males. The data revealed that 41.6% (n=82) of the informal traders did not have a formal education while 33.0% (n=65) had partial secondary education with 39.9% (n=77) being within this sector for between six to seven years. Only 0.5% (n=1) of the respondents indicated that they had additional occupations. Respondents sought information relating to their business and waste management mainly via the radio (n = 166, 84.3%) and word of mouth (n = 148, 75.1%). A portion of 39.6% (n=78) indicated that they received information via city brochures and pamphlets. Food waste was found to be the most prevalent waste stream that was generated by the informal traders as was reported by 99.5% (n=196) of the informal traders that responded. This was followed by the waste streams of paper (n=180, 91.4%), cardboard (n=176, 91.4%) and plastic packaging (n=171, 86.8%). Disposing of their waste at the storage facility that was provided by the market management was the most prevalent disposal method that was identified by the respondents (n=195, 99.0%) while 2.5% (n=5) identified that their wastes were landfilled while 4.1% (n=8) stated that they disposed of their waste via open dumping. CONCLUSION: This study concluded that the most prevalent waste streams that are generated by the fresh produce market informal traders do have alternative disposal methods instead of landfilling. The informal traders indicated that they would be willing to participate in recycling and composting programmes which must be implemented by the market management in conjunction with the local authorities. The study further indicated that the practices of waste management undertaken by the informal traders are influenced by the facilities that are provided by the municipality (p<0.005).


Summary After deriving the expression of the intensity of the transmitted beam for a Gaussian beam passing through a misaligned FPI, the influence of the nonparallelism in FPI mirrors alignment on the transmission of a Gaussian beam has been investigated numerically. The results show that the energy profile of the total transmitted beam appears multiple sub-peaks structure; with the increase of the nonparallelism in FPI mirrors alignment, the number of the sub-peaks raises, the peak intensity of the transmitted beam has a declining tendency, and the peak intensity position of the total transmitted beam is shifted.


Forest resources in tropical Asia are purportedly destroyed by shifting cultivators and spontaneous settlers as well as farmers in planned settlements for the purposes of expansion of agricultural land, land speculation, commercial crop cultivation, livestock ranching, logging, and manufacturing of paper and various industrial goods.


Background: Postoperative sternal complications after cardiac surgery remain a significant problem that increases hospital length of stay and cost of care, delays recovery, and impairs function. While the majority of patients with sternal instability can be successfully treated with sternal debridement and rewiring, this may not be an option for all patients who present with acute or persistent instability. Methods: This clinical case reports an interdisciplinary approach to the clinical assessment and conservative management of a complex patient with multiple co-morbidities and persistent sternal instability following three open-heart procedures for coronary revascularisation. It presents new and innovative diagnosis of sternal instability and monitoring of sternal healing using real-time ultrasound, as well as clinical management, with a sternal brace (QualiTeam, Chiaverano, 10010-Torino, Italy). Results: With the QualiBreath in situ, the patient reported a significant reduction in pain with activity (2...


The accepted wisdom in Australia is that Australia comprises a number of separate law areas for the purpose of private international law. On this approach the question whether the court of an Australian State should apply the statute law of another Australian State is to be determined by the common law rules relating to conflict of laws. Howeve?; the approach and reasoning of the High Court in a number of recent cases, particularly Pfeiffer and Mobil Oil, at least suggests that Australia should be treated as a single law area and that the rules to resolve conflicts between State statutes are constitutional rules, not common law rules. The nature, detail and effect of such constitutional rules is considered.


Juvenile Granulosa Cell Tumors (JGCTs) of the ovary are rare. They usually present in children and adolescents. About 90% are diagnosed in early stage (FIGO I) with a favorable prognosis. More advanced stages (FIGO II-IV) usually have a poor clinical outcome. We report a case of long-term survival of a teenager with Stage III JGCT treated with aggressive debulking and thorough staging, but conservative surgery relative to the uterus, contralateral uninvolved ovary, and fallopian tube, plus combination chemotherapy. Her tumor recurred twice, 18 months and 17 years later, for which she had two additional surgeries and more chemotherapy. Because of the fertility sparing surgery, she was able to achieve 3 pregnancies and 4 children.


medication. Prefilled syringes of insulin are commercially available (e.g Human Soluble Insulin 50 units in 50 ml 0.9% sodium chloride (Hameln Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Gloucester, UK)). These improve blood glucose stability between syringe changes, because insulin adsorbs onto the plastic of the syringe over time so that a constant concentration is achieved, in contrast to mixtures prepared immediately before use [4]. We suggest that every hospital should make prefilled syringes available for managing diabetic patients in theatre and intensive care. Failure to undertake such a compelling 'purchasing for safety' course of action may well render a hospital liable in negligence if a patient was harmed by a wrongly prepared insulin syringe.


A new X-ray tube unit with a super smooth-surface anode and a built-in waveguide collimator is proposed. The unit makes it possible to obtain narrow-collimated beams of X-ray radiation with a line microfocus. Calculation procedure and experimental results for the glancing angle X—ray fluorescence are presented.

Keywords: X—ray tubes, X—ray waveguides, X—ray fluorescence


We propose a variational quantum algorithm to prepare ground states of 1D lattice quantum Hamiltonians specifically tailored for programmable quantum devices where interactions among qubits are mediated by Quantum Data Buses (QDB). For trapped ions with the axial Center-Of-Mass (COM) vibrational mode as single QDB, our scheme uses resonant sideband optical pulses as resource operations, which are potentially faster than off-resonant couplings and thus less prone to decoherence. The disentangling of the QDB from the qubits by the end of the state preparation comes as a byproduct of the variational optimization. We numerically simulate the ground state preparation for the Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model in ions and show that our strategy is scalable while being tolerant to finite temperatures of the COM mode.


Background : Harassment sexual to child is problem national and international with sufficient prevalence significant worldwide. Factor happening follow violence to consisting children from internal and external that is factor psychological , biological , moral, economic , cultural . Dimensions culture owned by individuals and communities own role important for influence is abuse sex that happened can reported or only left just. Purpose: identification violence sexual to child in perspective culture. Methods : Search study about perspective culture in case violence sexual to child, article related with violence sexuality in children , views culture and multi culture. Sourced database from Pubmed, MEDLINE, Proquest and Google Scholar. Study the is in the range in 2010-2023 with design quantitative and qualitative , journal with speak English and Indonesian. Synthesis conducted on 16 articles that have discussion about view culture to violence sexual intercourse that occurs in children and fulfills appraisal criteria with the Joanna Bringgs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Checklist . Results: There are 16 studies that answered objective narrative review and conducted analysis so that five topics _ main that is view about belief fatalistic and religious towards violence sexuality in children , culture violence in dimensions of " powerful and powerless", culture collectivity and patriarchy that became base behavior violence, views culture racist formation behavior violence and culture sociocentric and egocentric. Conclusion and recommendation: Violence sexual to child in perspective culture become necessary thing noticed or not can left just as well as no perceived reasonable thing.


s of citations identified from the literature search were assessed for relevance by an investigator. Full text reports of studies identified as potentially eligible (or indeterminate, eg, title only) were obtained for further review by 2 independent investigators. We included studies of any design that reported outcomes following bowel preparation if at least one preparation was completed within 8 hours of the colonoscopy procedure. Only studies of adults, undergoing colonoscopy with moderate or deep sedation, and reporting outcome during colonoscopy or recovery from colonoscopy were included. We also included population-based studies of adverse events during colonoscopy. Data Abstraction and Risk of Bias Assessment From studies of different preparation-to-procedure or NPO intervals, study characteristics (inclusion/exclusion criteria and details about the preparation interventions or NPO status), patient characteristics, and outcomes data were abstracted onto tables by one investigator and verified by a second. Risk of bias (low, moderate, or high) was determined for each included study. Data Synthesis and Analysis We described and qualitatively compared the patient characteristics, study characteristics, intervention timing, and findings of included studies. Due to variation in the preparation-toprocedure interval and/or NPO status across studies and different systems used to report outcomes, we summarized most outcomes narratively. Strength of evidence was assessed for primary and secondary outcomes.


Along with the development of information technology,the backend data of radars,communications and electronic warfare needs the requirement of real-time integration processing. But the backend function software of sensors is exploited by equipments independently,in the end the software is integrated together. As for actuality of embedded software integration application,in this paper,an embedded software integration method of comprehensive information processing platform is presented,software integration experimentation is done on the foundation of method,the result validates the method can achieve the embedded software integration of comprehensive information processing platform effectively.


This article described the distribution of wild plant resources of the palm in Yunnan,as well as analyzing on the garden ornamental palm plant use of wild resources,and the relevant recommendations and development trend of the wild landscape of palm plants in the development and application were put forward.


Abstract The consumer adoption of digital media has warranted much attention over the last decade. However, relatively little has been written about how digital media has impacted upon brand management perspectives and practices. The digital era has resulted in changes in how consumers interact with brands and each other, and this shift in behaviour requires a reappraisal of how brands should be managed. The current relational paradigm is no longer sufficient. Therefore this conceptual paper calls for brand management to develop and embody a deeper understanding of this shift by adopting a revised paradigm. Current brand management issues not addressed by the relational paradigm are outlined, the new community paradigm follows, and examples of community paradigm practice are provided as a guide for brand management.


The invention relates to cosmetic or pharmaceutical compositions comprising liposomes containing an active compound of formula (I): (CF DRAWING IN BOPI) wherein R1 represents a cyano or nitro radical or a halogen atom, R2 represents a trifluoromethyl radical or a halogen atom, the --A group is, for example ( CF DRAWING iN BOPI) wherein X represents an oxygen atom R3 is for example a hydrogen atom or an alkyl radical and Y represents an oxygen or sulfur atom or a radical = NH.


Frequency signal is a primary input to hydro turbine governor control system.Both PT measuring frequency of residue voltage and gear speed detector(GSD) are used on hydro turbine governor control system of Lingjintan Hydropower Station.GSD signals are susceptible to turbine shaft swing,because GSD is connected to coupling of generator's extended shaft.GSD is connected to coupling of generator's extended shift.Periodical rotating bounce noise signal is produced when main shift of generator is not co-centered with driving shift of GSD.Main pressure valve of governor also synchronously rotates with main shift of the unit so,that produces periodical swing and bounce caused by Periodical rotating bounce noise signal.


In this talk, using criteria of bandwidth density and energy consumption for signal guiding and processing, we will introduce comprehensive figures of merit for both passive and active plasmonic architectures of various designs, benchmarking their performance for the realisation of high-bandwidth optical data communication in electronic chips. The introduction of broadband optical signals to transfer and process information revolutionized telecommunications. The use of photonic signals now presents a new paradigm for the next generation of microelectronic chips, where data is transmitted across chips as photonic signals instead of electric ones. This approach will enable the simultaneous transfer of hundreds of signal threads encoded in multiple wavelengths along a data line, compared with effectively only one thread in an electronic wire, boosting the data transfer around chips, and leading to a huge rise in their computational power. Presently, it has become a very hot research topic with numerous techniques and designs proposed to achieve efficient plasmonic signal guiding and active control. In this talk. we present a global approach for benchmarking various both passive and active plasmonic-based circuit architectures of various designs, with a particular emphasis on the their integral performance, while revealing the link connecting it to the performance of individual components. A figure of merit (FOM) will be derived for passive plasmonic circuitry on the basis most general and practically relevant considerations of the data traffic and power dissipation densities, which appeared to be related to the standard local waveguide characteristics, such as the bandwidth, signal propagation length and integration parameters. This allows to generalize all previous FOM approaches, particularly revealing a previously overlooked bandwidth factor, and on this basis to benchmark the performance of the main types of plasmonic waveguides. Then, we will introduce an all-inclusive active FOM and will benchmark the performance of photonic or plasmonic-based electro-optical, thermo-optical and all-optical modulators, revealing qualitative advantages of the plasmonic switching approach compared to the best traditional state-of-the-art photonic designs.


Along with the popularization of the electronic products, the safety problem of the electronic products becomes the focus of people's concern.And the multimeter plays a more and more important role in our daily life, so understanding the classification and selection of the multimeter has its practical significance.This paper introduces in detail different kinds of multimeters and their selection methods and standards.


The main lines of scientific activities of the Institute for Sustainable Development at the East-Siberian State University of Technologies and Management, the contributions of its chairs to the renewal of the theories and practices for sustainable development are presented in this article. The concept of sustainable development is considered as a worldview and methodological base of scientific and educational activities of the Institute.


Intestinal surface epithelial cells (IECs) have long been considered as an effective barrier for maintaining water and electrolyte balance, and are involved in the mechanism of nutrient absorption. When intestinal inflammation occurs, it is often accompanied by IEC malfunction. Berberine (BBR) is an isoquinoline alkaloid found in numerous types of medicinal plants, which has been clinically used in China to treat symptoms of gastrointestinal pathogenic bacterial infection, especially bacteria-induced diarrhea and inflammation. In the present study, IEC-18 rat intestinal epithelial cells were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to establish an in vitro model of epithelial cell inflammation, and the cells were subsequently treated with BBR in order to elucidate the anti-inflammatory mechanism. Transcriptome data were then searched to find the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) compared between two of the treatment groups (namely, the LPS and LPS+BBR groups), and DEGs were analyzed using Gene Ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, Weighted Gene Correlation Network Analysis and Interactive Pathways Explorer to identify the functions and pathways enriched with DEGs. Finally, reverse transcription-quantitative PCR was used to verify the transcriptome data. These experiments revealed that, comparing between the LPS and LPS+BBR groups, the functions and pathways enriched in DEGs were 'DNA replication', 'cell cycle', 'apoptosis', 'leukocyte migration' and the 'NF-κB and AP-1 pathways'. The results revealed that BBR is able to restrict DNA replication, inhibit the cell cycle and promote apoptosis. It can also inhibit the classic inflammatory pathways, such as those mediated by NF-κB and AP-1, and the expression of various chemokines to prevent the migration of leukocytes. According to transcriptomic data, BBR can exert its anti-inflammatory effects by regulating a variety of cellular physiological activities, including cell cycle, apoptosis, inflammatory pathways and leukocyte migration.


The present study envisages formulation of wax microparticulate drug delivery system. The objective of the present study was to minimise the unwanted side effects of Ketoprofenedrug formulatedby Congealable disperse encapsulation method usingbiodegradable waxes such as beeswax ,ceresin waxmicrospheres using a wetting agent. Solid, discrete, reproducible free flowing microspheres were obtained. The yield of the microspheres was up to 92 .0%. Microspherespreparedhave smooth surfaces. These microsphereshave free flowing and goodpacking properties and shows the characterization values well within the limit that are angle of


A group of six instrumented piles, driven in a saturated clay-sand two-course layer, was subjected to long-term static and dynamic lateral loads. The instrumentation enabled the group effect and reaction curves at different levels to be determined. Results concerning the group effect and the effect of time depending on the type of loading are presented. For the covering abstract of the conference see IRRD 287689. (TRRL)


In order to satisfy the work condition of the heating up and heat preservation of heating furnace stove,it is necessary to compute air heat exchanger and match with homologous measure.The paper describes the design of air preheating temperature in the air heat exchanger thermal computing.


espite his final call for peace and "the wisdom of love", Emmanuel Levinas inevitably spoke of violence, and perhaps spoke even more of it. His call for infinite responsibility is actually crystallized through discourse on violence and suffering. We may say that these themes served as catalysts to the standing theory and, ethically, to any responsible Self. Violence, at least as a concept, poses itself as a significant presence to Levinas' plantilla while it reaches unexplored dimensions that await phenomenology and vital thought. As a part of his ethical proposal, understanding violence becomes important so that the Self may go beyond it while reaching the Other. Proving this claim furthers me to raise three particular issues. 1) Violence was a part of the human condition when Levinas was brewing his intellectual project. The mind "grew" from 1920s to 60s which historically resulted in countless conflicts among societies and/or states coming from different political inclinations and offending persons and even races. He wrote,


Abstract Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae KACC10331 is a plant pathogenic bacteria and causative agent of blight disease in rice. It is virulent for different rice varieties and represents resistance towards different antimicrobials. Proteins of pathogenic bacteria, non-homologous to the host rice plant denote potential antimicrobial targets. The present study is focused over the identification of potential antimicrobial targets in X. oryzae pv. oryzae KACC10331. Entire proteomes of pathogen and rice were compared and analysed for identification of non-homologous proteins. One hundred and fifty-two protein sequences showed no similarity. Furthermore, it was checked whether these proteins are essential or not. Thirty-seven proteins were identified as essential for the pathogen. KEGG pathway analysis was implemented for their function identification followed by virulence prediction. Finally, four proteins were identified as virulent which can be used as potential antimicrobial target against this particular pathogen.


Abstract The present paper introduces the Moving Least Squares (MLS) method in electrostatics. It presents the equations of the linear electrostatics, and the main features of the MLS method. The MLS method is used to solve a onedimensional problem in the context of linear electrostatics, and an algorithm for implementing numerically this method is proposed. Finally, a numerical example is proposed and the exact solution is compared with the approximate one.


The partial phase behavior of CTAT/water is investigated here as a function of temperature by WAXS, DSC, polarizing microscopy, conductometry, 1 H-NMR, and FTIR spectroscopy. Oscillatory strain and temperature sweeps are also reported. The Krafft temperature (T K ) of CTAT/water is 23 °C. Below this value, triclinic crystals of CTAT coexist with an isotropic solution. Above T K and at low concentrations, spherical micellar solutions are Newtonian and exhibit low viscosities. At higher concentrations (c t ), cylindrical micelles form and viscosity increases dramatically with CTAT concentration, but no elastic effects are noticed. When micelles are long enough to entangle (0.9-27 wt % at 25 °C), clear viscoelastic solutions form. At higher concentrations and up to 47 wt %, an hexagonal phase appears. This phase exhibits yield stress and viscoelasticity. At higher concentrations, a nonelastic, viscous solid paste forms. Micellar solutions and hexagonal phase depicts three regimes of viscoelasticity with temperature. These regimes are bounded by T k and by the temperature (T τ ) at which the system exhibits its main relaxation time. T τ moves to lower temperatures as CTAT concentration increases indicating that the main relaxation time decreases upon increasing concentration.


Objectives: To evaluate the evidence supporting the effectiveness and safety of Chinese medicine, including Chuna manual therapy, for the treatment...


In this paper, we provide an overview of the recent work in the quantum finance realm from various perspectives. The applications in consideration are Portfolio Optimization, Fraud Detection, and Monte Carlo methods for derivative pricing and risk calculation. Furthermore, we give a comprehensive overview of the applications of quantum computing in the field of blockchain technology which is a main concept in fintech. In that sense, we first introduce the general overview of blockchain with its main cryptographic primitives such as digital signature algorithms, hash functions, and random number generators as well as the security vulnerabilities of blockchain technologies after the merge of quantum computers considering Shor's quantum factoring and Grover's quantum search algorithms. We then discuss the privacy preserving quantum-resistant blockchain systems via threshold signatures, ring signatures, and zero-knowledge proof systems i.e. ZK-SNARKs in quantum resistant blockchains. After emphasizing the difference between the quantum-resistant blockchain and quantum-safe blockchain we mention the security countermeasures to take against the possible quantumized attacks aiming these systems. We finalize our discussion with quantum blockchain, efficient quantum mining and necessary infrastructures for constructing such systems based on quantum computing. This review has the intention to be a bridge to fill the gap between quantum computing and one of its most prominent application realms: Finance. We provide the state-of-the-art results in the intersection of finance and quantum technology for both industrial practitioners and academicians.


Abstract Let $G$ denote a reductive algebraic group over $\mathbb{C}$ and $x$ a nilpotent element of its Lie algebra $\mathfrak{g}$ . The Springer variety ${{B}_{x}}$ is the closed subvariety of the flag variety $B$ of $G$ parameterizing the Borel subalgebras of $\mathfrak{g}$ containing $x$ . It has the remarkable property that the Weyl group $W$ of $G$ admits a representation on the cohomology of ${{B}_{x}}$ even though $W$ rarely acts on ${{B}_{x}}$ itself. Well-known constructions of this action due to Springer and others use technical machinery from algebraic geometry. The purpose of this note is to describe an elementary approach that gives this action when $x$ is what we call parabolic-surjective. The idea is to use localization to construct an action of $W$ on the equivariant cohomology algebra $H_{s}^{*}({{B}_{x}})$ , where $S$ is a certain algebraic subtorus of $G$ . This action descends to ${{H}^{*}}({{B}_{x}})$ via the forgetful map and gives the desired representation. The parabolic-surjective case includes all nilpotents of type $A$ and, more generally, all nilpotents for which it is known that $W$ acts on $H_{s}^{*}({{B}_{x}})$ for some torus $S$ . Our result is deduced from a general theorem describing when a group action on the cohomology of the ûxed point set of a torus action on a space lifts to the full cohomology algebra of the space.


Regarded as a promising absorber material for solar cell applications, Barium disilicide (BaSi2) is still confronted with issues related to surface oxidation. Here, we use a-Si.H deposited by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition as capping layer to prevent surface oxidation of sputtered BaSi2 films. Based on crystalline quality and optical properties characterizations, thin a-Si.H capping cannot sufficiently prevent surface oxidation. Conversely, oxidation of a-Si.H layer in turn promotes Ba diffusion and Si isolation. Applying a thicker a-Si.H capping layer (more than 20 nm) can suppress such effect. The multi-materials capping layer can also be regarded as potential strategy to prevent surface oxidation of BaSi2.


The photoacoustic microscope (PAM) has been revealed effective tool for the nondestructive detection of the surface and undersurface defercts. For spectroscopic imaging of various colored specimens in medical or biological specimens, wavelength-tunable laser or R/G/B full-color lasers are the best candidates of optical sources for PAM. After the invention of a blue light emitting diode(LED), blue laser diode(LD) has been available for commertial usevery recently. In this paper, RGB LDs were used as optical sources of the PAM measurement system. Several kinds of color paints were painted on a metalic specimens, and the differences of photoacoustic (PA) signals were measured in order to inverstigate how the difference of optical source colors (R/G/B) affects the differences of PA signals.


The pandemic caused a new digital scheme of work to be implemented in higher educational institutes to avoid physical contact, which is referred to as emergency remote teaching in the literature (Hodges, Moore, Lockee, Trust, & Bond, 2020). The inevitable consequence of emergency remote teaching (later on ERT) was that the students' inter-and extra organisational relationships decreased significantly (Pusztai & Győri, 2021). Based on the results of previous studies, we know that the lack of student relationships is strongly related to ineffectiveness (Astin, 1993; Pusztai, 2015; Tinto, 1975), which was also identified during the period of ERT (Pusztai & Győri, 2021). In the current study, firstly, we hypothesised that the students' social interactions, which were accomplished by video gaming, could compensate for isolation (Pisan, 2007) and improve their effectiveness. Secondly, we hypothesised that video gaming might prove ineffective due to stressful and uncertain periods as well as avoidance of activity. In our study, we applied database analysis (Learning Alone database, N = 677) and half-structured interviews (N = 19). In the quantitative sample, we identified that increased gaming time (compared to the time spent before the pandemic) was related to persistence reduction, whereas similar results were obtained with the reduced playing time. In addition, the interview participants reinforced that they used video gaming as a tool to maintain their relationships during ERT, and they tended to do so in their relationships with other students as well. Thus it can be said that video gaming is an extracurricular activity that could affect academic effectiveness positively and negatively at the same time.


The wireless intelligent monitoring and analysis systems is a proof-of-concept directed at discovering solution(s) for providing decentralized intelligent data analysis and control for distributed containers equipped with wireless sensing units. The objective was to embed smart behavior directly within each wireless sensor container, through the incorporation of agent technology into each sensor suite. This approach provides intelligent directed fusion of data based on a social model of teaming behavior. This system demonstrates intelligent sensor behavior that converts raw sensor data into group knowledge to better understand the integrity of the complete container environment. The emergent team behavior is achieved with lightweight software agents that analyze sensor data based on their current behavior mode. When the system starts-up or is reconfigured the agents self-organize into virtual random teams based on the leader/member/lonely paradigm. The team leader collects sensor data from their members and investigates all abnormal situations to determine the legitimacy of high sensor readings. The team leaders flag critical situation and report this knowledge back to the user via a collection of base stations. This research provides insight into the integration issues and concerns associated with integrating multi-disciplinary fields of software agents, artificial life and autonomous sensor behavior into a complete system.


Short-term variability in abundance, heterotrophic activity and structural diversity of bacterioneuston and bacterioplankton were assessed over 24-h cycles at a fixed point in the estuarine system of Ria de Aveiro (Portugal). Lipase activity was the only descriptor of bacterial activity significantly different in samples collected during the day and the night (up to 40% higher during the night) at equivalent tidal conditions. The lack of diel patterns in other microbiological parameters indicates uncoupling of estuarine bacteria from primary production, pointing to the relevance of allochthonous nutrient sources for heterotrophic bacteria in this mesotrophic system. Occurrence of strong positive correlations between the values of microbiological parameters (total bacterial abundance, chlorophyll a concentration, leucine-aminopeptidase, lipase, phosphatase, sulphatase and acetate and glucose incorporation) in bacterioneuston and bacterioplankton suggests that the surface community may originate from the underlying waters (UWs) concentrating at the surface through upward passive transport, and that bacterioneuston and bacterioplankton are subjected to similar environmental regulation. The results also indicate that the microbial enrichment of the surface microlayer relative to the UW is highly variable during the day, pointing to the importance of the sampling time for the outcome of comparative analyses of bacterioneuston and bacterioplankton dynamics.


In this letter, controllability of undirected networked systems with diffusively coupled subsystems is considered, where each subsystem is of identically fixed general high-order single-input-multi-output dynamics. The underlying graph of the network topology is vector-weighted, rather than scalar-weighted. The aim is to find conditions under which the networked system is structurally controllable, i.e., for almost all vector values for interaction links of the network topology, the corresponding system is controllable. It is proven that, the networked system is structurally controllable, if and only if each subsystem is controllable and observable, and the network topology is globally input-reachable. These conditions are further extended to the cases with multi-input-multi-output subsystem dynamics and matrix-weighted edges, or where both directed and undirected interaction links exist.


Bernard Lavor and John Kadvany argue that Lakatos's Hegelian approach to the philosophy of mathematics and science enabled him to overcome all competing philosophies. His use of the approach Hegel developed in his Phenomenology enabled him to show how mathematics and science develop, how they are open-ended, and that they are not subject to rules, even though their rationality may be understood after the fact. Hegel showed Lakatos how to falsify the past to make progress in the present. A critique based on normal standards of fairness and honesty finds this argument an attack on rationality. The similarity of the methods Lakatos used as a Stalinist politician and those he used as a philosopher are pointed out. The Hegelian interpretation of his philosophy is an excuse for his misdeeds.


Abstract : Lightweight fabrics are of current interest for new military uniforms under development for hot and humid conditions. Tropical environments present a unique set of challenges such as the need to minimize heat stress, while still providing protection from disease-carrying organisms that are often pervasive in these environments. Thermal comfort is particularly important and will be highly dependent on the ability of the fabric to maximize evaporative cooling and heat exchange with the environment. In the work presented in this report, a computational design tool was used to compare the relative performance of a set of fabrics that would potentially be used in a new lightweight military uniform. These predicted coefficients can be used by themselves or input into human heat balance equations to predict relative performance differences under specific environmental conditions of wind speed, relative humidity, and environmental temperature.


Osteoporotic effects are one of the known side effects of aromatase inhibitors that are used in the treatment of breast cancer. In our study, osteopenia and osteoporosis associated with the use of aromatase inhibitors were examined for their difference compared to postmenopausal osteopenia and osteoporosis. Total 84 patients admitted to Kayseri Training and Research Hospital and Mersin State Hospital were included in the study. 103 patients without any malignancy were enrolled as control group. Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) results of the groups were compared. There was significant difference between the groups when the regions with the lowest bone mineral density were compared and femoral involvement was more prevalent in patients on aromatase inhibitors compared to the other group (p=0,014). Furthermore, there was significant difference for the regions with the lowest bone density in femur (p=0,015). Osteopenic and osteoporotic response in patients using aromatase inhibitors is different from the patients who do not use aromatase inhibitors and femoral region is more commonly affected compared to the other regions.


Introduction. The group of patients (pts) with multiple myeloma (MM) who benefit from two cycles of high-dose (HD) melphalan (MP) has not yet been clearly defined. In this single-institution, nonrandomized study, we evaluate the long-term results of tandem HDMP and peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT) in previously untreated pts and investigate the pretherapeutic and therapeutic factors predictive for survival. Patients and treatment. From 2/94 to 10/05, 90 pts were included. Pt characteristics: Age median 53 (range 31–70, 29% >60 yrs), m/f 59/41%, MM stage I/II/III 5/23/72%, A/B 88/12% (Durie/Salmon), Bence Jones protein 42%, albumin 2.5 mg/mL 70%, CRP >5 mg/L 61%, IL2-receptor elevated 49%, and thymidine kinase>10 U/L 48%. 28% of pts received HD dexamethasone and 72% conventional-dose chemotherapy, mainly VAD-based, prior to intended 2 (administered 1–3) cycles of HD cyclophosphamide (CY) (2–3 g/m 2 , days 1+2) and 2 (administered 0–3) cycles of HDMP (100 mg/m 2 , days 1+2). HDCY cycles were supported by G-CSF or GM-CSF and HDMP cycles by autologous PBSC and G-CSF. PBSC were collected after the first or second cycle of HDCY. Results. 14% (n=13) of pts received only CY, 30% (n=27) 1 cycle of HDMP, and 56% 2–3 cycles (n=47/3), depending on treatment complications, number of PBSC available, and patient compliance. 54% of pts achieved CR (defined as disappearance of myeloma protein in serum and urine and 50% and in urine >90% from baseline), and 3% no change after completion of treatment. 7% of pts died during treatment. With a median follow-up of 5.8 yrs, the probability of overall survival (OS) for the entire group of pts was 48% and 41% at 5 and 7 yrs, respectively, and the probability of progression-free survival (PFS) 35% and 21%. In multivariate analysis, CRP ≤5 mg/L and b2MG ≤2.5 mg/mL were independent positive pretherapeutic parameters for OS and b2MG ≤2.5 mg/mL for PFS. Among the therapeutic factors, achievement of CR after completion of treatment and the use of tandem HDMP independently predicted prolonged OS and PFS. Pts who achieved CR had a median OS and PFS of 110 and 64 months, respectively, compared with 45 and 27 months in pts with PR or NC (p Conclusion. The results of this study clearly show a long-term benefit from tandem HDMP in pts with MM, including those age > 60 yrs. This benefit is particularly evident in pts achieving PR after the first cycle of HD treatment.


Purpose: To report a case of an unusual orbital tumor with histologic features of both neurofibroma and schwannoma. Methods: Clinical and pathological findings are presented in a patient with an orbital tumor. Results: Orbital magnetic resonance imaging in a 51-year-old female revealed a heterogeneously enhancing right orbital mass. An anterior orbitotomy was performed, and pathological evaluation revealed a tumor with discrete areas of both neurofibroma and schwannoma. Conclusions: Hybrid neurofibroma-schwannomas may arise within the orbit.


Laser peen forming, is a purely mechanical forming method achieved through the use of laser energy to form sheet metal. This paper is based on recent experimental investigations on the laser peen forming of thin 1060 pure aluminum sheet carried out in order to understand the effect of process parameters such as laser intensity, number of scanning lines, scanning velocity on the bending deformation. Several thicknesses are selected for experiments. It is found that two bending direction, towards or away from the laser beam, can be obtained with different laser intensity for specimens with different thickness. And if decreasing the scanning velocity or increasing the scanning-line number, the bending angle is increased due to the increase of laser shocks.


We examined Work Behavior to knowledge, skill, or ability linkage ratings for 9 jobs to determine the degree to which differences in the ratings were due to rater type. We collected ratings from incumbents and 2 types of job analysts: project job analysts (analysts knowledgeable of the job) and nonproject job analysts (analysts with very little or no knowledge of the job). In our analyses of the data, we calculated means, standard deviations, effect sizes, and correlations for each rater type, as well as compared the reliability of the ratings. We also estimated variance components for each job by conducting generalizability analyses (Brennan, 1983; Shavelson, Webb, & Rowley, 1989). Our findings indicate that the level of linkage ratings is similar across rater types, that it is important to obtain ratings from multiple raters regardless of rater type, and that ratings from job analysts may be more reliable than those of incumbents.


In this study, an analysis of the life definition and the study of living beings in Natural History and Biology textbooks was performed, understood as the materialization of school subjects. The objective was to understand how the concept of life was approached in nine textbooks of Natural History and Biology (1930 - 1959) authored by Candido Firmino de Mello-Leitão, Lafayette Rodrigues Pereira