Colorectal cancer represents one of the most frequent neoplasms in Western countries, in our country the incidence is between 20-34 cases per 100,000 inhabitants. In Spain, as is the case in all industrialized countries, the incidence of colorectal cancer has tended to increase in recent years. In addition, and despite the progress made in its treatment, colorectal cancer accounts for 41% of the total deaths due to digestive cancers in the world. It is the second cause of cancer in our environment, surpassed by the lung in men and women in women, with an overall mortality of 40-50%.


An investigation into the problem of foodstuff metabolism involves chemical studies of the embryo and the supply of food at various stages of development. Naturally those eggs which are easy to rear and which contain large food stores in the form of yolk provide the most convenient material for an approach to the problem. Knowing what foods the egg contains at the beginning of development, the absorption processes can be studied by separate analyses of embryo and yolk throughout development. By this method, Needham (1927 a, b ) and other workers have been able to follow the protein, fat, and carbohydrate metabolism of the chick from the third day to the end of incubation. The results indicate a succession of energy sources in the order: carbohydrate, protein, fat. This phenomenon is probably of wide significance, but generalizations upon the matter are unsafe until it is known whether or not a similar situation exists in other embryos. The salmon was chosen because its eggs are larger than those of other common teleosts and can be maintained in the laboratory with very little attention. It seemed reasonable to expect that if there were fundamental laws governing the fat metabolism of vertebrate embryos these would be disclosed by the comparison of members of two such widely separated groups as the birds and the bony fishes. In planning the investigation it was desirable to secure data similar to those already existing for the chick in the hope that direct comparisons might be .facilitated. For this reason we have estimated throughout development: (1) the total fat content of the embryonic system (embryos plus yolk); (2) the total fat content of the yolks only; (3) the total fat content of the embryos only; (4) the weights of separated embryos.


Sputum induction is a semi‐invasive technique used to detect and monitor airway inflammation. In this study, the cell profile, and Th1 and Th2 cytokine levels in induced sputum of asthmatic and healthy children (HC) are compared.


The 16 essays in this collection broadly address the theme of atonement in Hebrews. In the introduction, Jon Laansma explains that the essays were part of a "collaborative, interdisciplinary project" (p. 1). The contributors to this volume come from a variety of perspectives: "historians, exegetes, theologians, both OT and NT, both Hebrews specialists and those who specialize elsewhere, Protestant, Roman Catholic, and Orthodox" (p. 2). Most of the papers were delivered at the annual meeting of the Evangelical Theological Society during the years 2014–17. The contributors were encouraged to dialogue with one another. Yet there is no attempt to provide a unified theory or harmonization between the essays. The essays are divided into two sections: contexts and themes. The first 5 essays "trace the historical, literary, and theological contexts for understanding Hebrews rhetoric concerning the atonement" (p. 2). The remaining 11 essays endeavor to view the atonement through the lens of particular themes. Michael Morales explores the OT context with a particular attention to the whole burnt offering that was central to the Israelite cult. The whole burnt offering with its ascending smoke vicariously signified a person's complete consecration and return to God. Jesus satisfies the significance of this offering through his obedient self-sacrifice and ascension to God. Karen Jobes considers how Hebrews' employment of the Greek OT elucidates Jesus's mission of atonement, which is at the heart of the incarnation. Two sets of quotations (Heb 2:12–13 and 10:5–7), which are attributed to Jesus, depict Jesus's conversation with the Father. The quotations highlight Jesus's agreement to the terms of the new covenant, his solidarity with humanity, and the necessity of the incarnation for atonement to be effected. Nicholas Perrin argues that Hebrews' conception of the high priesthood of Jesus did not originate from the author himself but is rooted in earlier Christian traditions and can even be traced back to Jesus himself. After demonstrating the foundational role Pss 2 and 110 play in establishing Jesus's priesthood in Hebrews, Perrin explores Mark's usage of Ps 2 in Jesus's baptismal story (1:9–11) and Jesus's employment of Ps 110 in the Son of David debate (12:35–37). Perrin contends that both of these accounts are authentic reminiscences of the historical Jesus, from which the author of Hebrews drew for his formulation of Jesus's priesthood.


We generalize Grishchuk and Sazhin's' amplitude for GW generation due to plasma in a toroid for Tokamak physics, obtaining central strain values up to h2nd-tecm � 10-25-10-26 . This value may allow detection of GW. The critical breakthrough is in utilizing a burning plasma drift current, which relies upon a thermal contribution to an electric field. The gravitational wave amplitude would be detectable in part also due to the Tokamak reaching the threshold for plasma fusion burning, when TTemp � 100 keV, which is how one could detect GW of amplitude so low five meters above the Tokamak center.


This study presents a method for estimating the parameters of a complex structural system such as a truss bridge by using a backpropagation neural network. Several techniques are employed to overcome the issues associated with a large number of degrees of freedom. They are the substructural identification and the submatrix scaling factor. The modal strain energy coefficients are used as input to the neural network for effective element- level identification, particularly for the case with incomplete measurement of modal data. A numerical example analysis on a 2 span truss bridge structure is presented to illustrate the proposed procedure and to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method.


There has been an increase in the use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for carrying out various tasks. UAVs are much smaller than manned aircrafts and do not risk the pilot's life, which makes UAVs more versatile and costeffective than regular aircrafts. However, UAVs are at risk when encountering unexpected events, such as control disruptions from intentional attacks. This raises securityand safety-related issues for the use of UAVs. To deal with such issues, this paper proposes a UAV control system that uses machine-learning technology to detect anomalies. The proposed system provides analytical redundancy by analyzing numerical data based on mathematical models. Machine learning generally requires large amounts of data to produce meaningful outcomes, and the proposed UAV control system meets these requirements since it has the ability to collect large amounts of data from UAVs. Two types of flight circumstances were simulated in an experiment. One involved the security of the UAV control system, and the other involved the safety of the UAV itself. A real-time anomaly detection system for the proposed UAV control system is also introduced and experimental results are described in detail..


A BSOLUTE intensities and total electronicj values for three of the I' bands of NO have been determined from measurements uJilizing self-broadening in order to eliminate rotational fine structure.I A Cary Model 11M spectrophotometer was used in the present studies. Commercial grade NO (Matheson and Company, 98% pure) was carefully purified.2 The gas used in the present investigations contained impurities of N02 and N 203 in concentrations below 1 part in 3DOO. Results obtained for the integral of the logarithm of the re· ciprocal fractional transmission A (in em-I) as a function of optical density pL (in em atmos) are plotted in Figs. 1 to 3, respectively, for the 1'(0,0), 1'(1,0), and I'(2,0)t ultraviolet bands of NO (A2~+ to X2II transition). Also shown in Figs. 1 and 3 are measurements for


Assurance in the security of rapidly evolving enterprises depends on a complex set of evidence. This paper describes a method for structuring this body of evidence into a manageable framework called an "assurance argument." The method is extremely flexible, and is capable of including all relevant claims and evidence. The structure allows the practitioner to compare the costs and benefits of different assurance approaches, to keep track of the rationale for each piece of evidence, and to identify areas where additional evidence is indicated. Further, the approach is modular and allows assurance to be communicated and reused efficiently. Ultimately, assurance arguments enable a better understanding of all the factors that go into creating assurance. This understanding, in turn, plays a major role in the intelligent management of risk. A PRACTICAL APPROACH TO IMPROVING AND COMMUNICATING ASSURANCE 1 A PRACTICAL APPROACH TO IMPROVING AND COMMUNICATING ASSURANCE


Abstract Endurance is the ability to sustain or persist in an activity continuously, This paper describes an attempt to develop a satisfactory means of predicting in advance the endurance time limit of an individual engaged in a physical task of alternating workload nature. Under moderate to heavy muscular work the endurance of a worker is related to the rate of energy output required to perform the task. Further, it has also been observed that even under a fixed workload demand, the energy output level of the worker tends to increase gradually with time. The above two criteria were taken into consideration in developing the predictive models described here. A series of experiments, with subjects walking on motor-driven treadmill while being monitored for oxygen intake and other physiological parameters, was conducted to obtain necessary data for the models and to verify the accuracy of the models. These models, it is felt, have considerable practical value with possible applications in industry, the mili...


In this talk I shall show you how the electro-optic effect is modified by elasticity and also give a few applications from the field of volume-holography in photo-refractive crystals. I shall also comment on a striking similarity between the electro-optic effect owing to elasticity and the magnetostatic field owing to a distribution of electric currents.


This paper investigates the longitudinal earnings value relevance of Australian firms for the period 1975 through 1999. There is evidence of a decline in earnings value relevance over this 25-year period, consistent with findings of US studies. However, only losses explain much of the decline, which is inconsistent with findings of US studies. In an attempt to reconcile this difference, intangible asset recognition is singled out as a likely discriminator since it is conjectured by some that immediate expensing of certain intangible assets significantly contributes to declining earnings value relevance. Results suggest earnings value relevance has declined for firms that don't recognise intangible assets (non-capitalizers) and there is weak evidence of decline for firms that recognise intangible assets (capitalizers). Additionally, after controlling for losses capitalizers have no change in (increasing) earnings value relevance and non-capitalizers have decreasing (no change in) earnings value relevance using R2 (earnings parameters) as a value relevance measure. Results are robust to various alternative explanations and different model specifications. For capitalizers in the 1990s, those that amortize generally have stronger value relevance than non-amortizers. Amortization and its change are most significantly associated with return for intangibles other than R&D and deferred costs. In some years, the level of amortization is significantly positive suggesting the market does not treat amortization as a period expense. The change is negative and significant in most years, suggesting amortization revisions reflect valuable information about future earnings.


This paper is about a research conducted in order to find the students' intentions after the graduation of the 1st cycle of study. The main aim was to find their future priorities in order to support the decision process concerning the best marketing strategies that the university can put in practice. The research started from the general hypothesis that a large part of students do not want to continue the studies with the master studies. The outcomes revealed that the respondents give a high priority to continue the studies without to find a job, but there are students that want to find a job and to leave the school. A low priority is given to finding a job and continuing studies concomitant. In this context, the university should focus its marketing strategies on retaining the students for the master programs, such a situation being in the advantage of both parties.


Scanning probes measure how nearby oxygen molecules affect triplet lifetimes of pentacene Probing single molecules in their nanoenvironment can reveal site-specific phenomena that would be obscured by ensemble-averaging experiments on macroscopic populations of molecules. Particularly in the past decade, major technological breakthroughs in scanning probe microscopy (SPM) have led to unprecedented spatial resolution and versatility and enabled the interrogation of molecular conformation, bond order, molecular orbitals, charge states, spins, phonons, and intermolecular interactions. On page 452 of this issue, Peng et al. (1) use SPM to directly measure the triplet lifetime of an individual pentacene molecule and demonstrate its dependence on interactions with nearby oxygen molecules with atomic precision. In addition to allowing the local tuning and probing of spin-spin interactions between molecules, this study represents a notable advance in the single-molecule regime and provides insights into many macroscopic behaviors and related applications in catalysis, energy-conversion materials, or biological systems.


In this paper, the heat dissipation performance of slotted octagons based on LBM lattice algorithm is studied, and the heat dissipation performance of octagons with different slotting degrees and Rayleigh numbers is simulated and analyzed by using LBM lattice algorithm. Based on the Boltzmann equation, the characteristics of gas molecules are analyzed. On this basis, it is applied to the analysis of the heat dissipation performance of the octagon with a circular slit. So far, the analysis method of heat dissipation performance of octagonal slotted circle based on LBM lattice algorithm has been designed. Using the design method to analyze the heat dissipation performance of slotted octagon, it can be seen that under the same Rayleigh number, the larger the slit angle is, the natural convection heat transfer caused by gravity gradually weakens, and the thermal conductivity decreases. When the Rayleigh number increases to 106, the thermal conductivity oscillates periodically with time; When the Rayleigh number continues to increase to 107, the thermal conductivity changes non periodically with time, and the flow and heat transfer have strong linear characteristics; When the slit degree increases to 0.4, the low temperature region increases with the increase of heat flow distance, and the resistance near the slit decreases. The simulation results show that the accuracy of the design method is high and the error is small, only 2%, which can realize the accurate analysis of the heat dissipation performance of the slotted octagon.


Quantitative estimated of carbon inventories are needed as part of nationwide attempts to reduce net release of greenhouse gases and the associated climate forcing. Naturally, an appreciable amount of uncertainty is inherent in such large-scale assessments, especially since both science and policy issues are still evolving. Decision makers need an idea of the uncertainty in carbon estimated in order to consider tradeoffs between known effects, possible outcomes, and preferred consequences. While an ultimate goal of assessments in to minimize uncertainty, a more immediate concern is to adequately quantify existing uncertainty. The goal of this chapter is to present some useful considerations for the interpretation and subsequent use of information from probabilistic assessments of uncertainty. Note: This article is part of a larger document. View the larger document


The utility model provides a forming mold for generating dermatoglyph on a covering. The mold comprise a fixed mold and a movable mold, wherein, a concave-convex pattern used for stamping on a covering is etched on the inner surface of the cavity of the fixed mold in an inverted manner; and a heating element and a cooling water pipe are mounted in the mold body of the fixed mold. The utility model can utilize the holding pressure in the later part of the forming mold stamps an inverted manner the pattern in the cavity of the mold on a covering while injection molding a plastic part product with a covering, thereby realizing the effect that dermatoglyph is generated on the covering directly during injection molding with high quality dermatoglyph.


BACKGROUND
Oral anti-platelet agents are the cornerstone of treatment of multiple cardiovascular diseases and in the long-term prevention of their recurrence.

OBJECTIVE
In the present work, we report a method based on micellar liquid chromatography coupled with ultraviolet detection (MLC/UV), for the simultaneous quantification of combined anti-platelet therapy namely, clopidogrel bisulphate (CPS), aspirin (ASP), together with salicylic acid (SA), in their pharmaceutical dosage form.

METHODS
The incorporation of 0.1M polyoxyethylene 23 lauryl ether (Brij-35) as a surfactant into the mobile phase improved solute-mobile phase interaction allowing for minimal organic solvent utilization, enhanced resolution, and rapid analysis (7 min). Furthermore, we performed a comprehensive evaluation of the environmental impact caused by our procedures versus previously reported analytical procedures applied in the determination of CPS and ASP, evaluation was done by employing Eco-scale tool.

RESULTS
Results of the developed method indicated superioty of our procedures in term of greenness, without compromising the quality of performance characteristics. The method was linear in the range of 1-100 µg/mL with limits of detection of 0.28, 0.32, and 0.29 µg/mL for CPS, ASP, and SA respectively. The developed method can also be utilized to test the purity and the stability of ASP in pharmaceutical formulations through monitoring SA as its main degradation product.

CONCLUSION
The developed MLC/UV method was successfully applied for quantitative analysis of CPS, ASP together with SA-as a main degradation product of ASP-in their pharmaceutical dosage form.


The paper presents the results of histological evaluation of local tissue reaction after subcutaneous implantation of biopolymer matrix materials made of modified pectin and collagens of various types. No acute inflammation or rejection were produced. Loose fibrous capsule was formed around the implants. The capsule decreased and disappeared three months after polysaccharide matrix implantation. Cells and blood vessels infiltrated the implants. Matrix slowly degraded. Composite matrix made of citrus modified pectin (with the degree of esterification 30 %), collagen I and NC1-hexamer of collagen IV was partially preserved three months after the subcutaneous implantation while collagen sponge was fully resorbed during one month. The data lay the foundation for the elaboration of new slowly degradable biomaterials for tissue engineering.


Abstract : Ninety-three graduate business students at the University of Pittsburgh were assigned to nine 'companies' to play the Carnegie Tech Management Game. The game was the major portion of a 15-week course in integrated decision-making. Men were assigned to 'companies' according to whether they had been in the same or different quasi-T groups 15 weeks earlier. 'Companies' composed of two and three sub-divided ex-T groups performed significantly more effectively in the game than 'companies' made up of wholly reconstituted sensitivity training groups. The latter reported less internal conflict but appeared to be less effective as companies because of overconfidence in each other's dependability. (Author)


This paper presents the control of angular separation among the areas of a three-area electrical power system. This is achieved by the modification, upgrade, and adaptation of the existing load frequency control scheme. The purpose of this new control capability is to reverse the adverse effects caused by the progressive increase of angular separation between the areas, which deteriorates the security and reliability of the system. Currently, in the event of an N-1 and N-1-1 contingency, an increase in angular separation between the areas can be observed. The increase in the angular separation, in turn, leads the system to the vulnerable and unsafe operational states of "alert" and "emergency." In this case, with the support of the angular separation obtained from the phasor angle measurements, when a network event occurs, action is taken to direct, redistribute, rebalance, or reshare the original total system power to achieve new power share participation among all areas of the system and therefore return the system to a "safe" operating state. In the case of a loaded inter-area branch event, the compensating control action on the active power is to translate the same outage line power from the exporting to the importing area. Alternatively, given the case of events causing an unbalance of load or generation, the compensating control action on the active power is directed to the area where the event is located while simultaneously controlling the frequency of the system. The results show that angular separation can be controlled and stabilized. It is concluded that this control action can limit, or even prevent the start and evolution of event cascade failures by confining their propagation. Hence, there is an opportunity for improving the security and reliability by controlling the inter-area angular separation instead of the inter-area power interchange, as is traditionally done.


to Targeted Cancer Therapies MAHEETHA BHARADWAJ, MOUNICA VALLURUPALLI , FRANKLIN W. HUANG Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Medicine, University of California-San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, California, USA; UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, California, USA Contributed equally. Disclosures of potential conflicts of interest may be found at the end of this article.


From the fifteenth century onward occurred on a global scale the spread of farming, marketing and use of many plants. Although historiography has a reasonable volume of published studies on the spices of the East, as well as on the economic impact of these products in the Renaissance, there is still space for an approach related to the spread and use of American plants, which also became culturally and economically important spices. Among these plants, the species of Capsicum genus have an outstanding importance. Based on historical sources of writers, physicians, herbalists and natural philosophers of sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, the article analyzes the spread and cultivation of pepper species from the New World, beginning with the fifteenth century Portuguese navigations.


Background: Facebook is a well-established social networking platform that is commonly used by medical schools as an educational resource, but there are few studies assessing the roles of a non-academic Facebook page in medical education. Cardiff University uses Facebook primarily as a student support and engagement platform through its 'C21' Facebook Page; this study aimed to explore the use of the page by students, as well as their perceptions on the value of the page and the appropriateness of social media use by the medical school.
Methods:Authors collected and analyzed C21 Facebook Page usage data to obtain descriptive information on reach, engagement and content. They also distributed an anonymized survey to evaluate and explore users' interest in, experience of and engagement with the content.
Results: Of the 1021 posts on the page in 2019, the highest post-engagement rate occurred in the?Student or Staff News?category (13.5%) and the lowest in?Medical Research News?(3.5%). Survey feedback on the page was overwhelmingly positive (n=89; 84.8%), and respondents reported a high degree of trust (n=95; 90.5%) in the page. Students would like to see more 'Curriculum Vitae (CV)-building' Opportunities advertised on the page.
Conclusion:The C21 Facebook Page is an important resource in developing community within the medical school and facilitating student engagement with both the C21 course and wider medical opportunities. It is perceived as an appropriate channel of communication between the medical school and students.


This study examines the factors driving the adoption of webinars among small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in the midst COVID-19 pandemic to hold meetings, training events and sharing business ideas and information. The study used survey questionnaires to obtain data from respondents based on a modified Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model. Results of the regression analysis show that performance expectancy is the most important determinant of webinar adoption during the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on the findings of the study, it is deduced that SMEs adopted webinars due to their perception that it improves their performance, increases their social status, adapts easily with their existing infrastructures and gives them positive feelings of pleasure and achievements.


A total number of 283 patients with serious otitis were admitted during the latter 7 years. In more than 98% of cases the auditory function was integrally recovered to values prior to the disease following the treatment of tubal dysfunction and serious otitis. In case of complete irreversible block at the level of the tributary ototubal lymph nodes perforation of the ear drum and otomastoid superinfections may occur. Stress is laid on the importance of a correct diagnosis and timely intervention before severe alteration of the auditory function.


Abstract Analysis of English and Arabic story retelling in eight dual-language preschool classrooms in Qatar indicated that this method might provide useful data for monitoring children at risk for...


From a strategic point of view The Republic of Slovenia has a very good hydro geographical location, indicating that the water resources are of major significance. This work introduces the water management in Republic of Slovenia. Presented are various individual institutions and their cooperation in water management in the Republic of Slovenia. Review of the public services is conducted and their implementation methods and individual responsibilities are presented. This work explains the concept of water management and water resource analysis. Economic activity, comprised of water management is also demonstrated. The development of the hydrographic network in the Republic of Slovenia is illustrated; moreover the hydrographic networks Pomurje, Drava, Posavje, Pokolpje, Soca Valley and the Adriatic basin are studied.
The overview institutions, their tasks, mutual cooperation in the implementation of water management of the Savinja river basin are introduced. Presented are operations within the Environmental Agency of the Republic of Slovenia, Department for the area of the river Savinja and operations of the Inspectorate of the Environment, Regional Unit Celje. It also describes the geographical characteristics of the river Savinja. With diagrams various activities of institutions are presented, which regulations define them, what their tasks are and how these institutions are engaged in the preparation of various programs related to water management of the Savinja river basin.


than any other of the more extensive historic sagas the saga of the rulers of the Orkneys is a mosaic of larger and smaller pieces, colored and drab, gathered from other sagas and from oral tradition, all joined together without any other unifying principle than just that of temporal succession. The compiler's intention plainly was to give as complete an account as possible of the history of the Orkney earldom, from the time the islands were wrested from the original Gaelic inhabitants by vikings from Norway, toward the end of the 9th century, down to his own times, the beginning of the 13th century. His work is not a masterpiece in any sense. The writer had neither the critical acumen and dry perspicacity of Ari nor the perspective, the epicdramatic power and unrivalled plastic ability of Snorri. Nor has he a style which can be called his own. As a consequence, however importantly it ranks as source material for the Northern Islands and Scotland in the early Middle Ages, the book gives little satisfaction either to the historically inclined mind or to the aesthetic sense. Even among the more vivid episodes there are few that are unforgettable. There is not even the ability to make that demonic witch woman Frakok and the splendid swaggering freebooter Svein Asleifarson really live. Indeed, there is here a mass of half-quarried raw material for novelists and dramatists. The saga does not know what to do with it. It is thus understandable that this saga has attracted few readers and translators. And very likely, Taylor's translation will be the last for a long time; both because it is, on the whole, satisfactory and because his introduction answers exhaustively most of the questions which can be asked concerning the origin, implications, authenticity, and historic reliability of the work. In fact, his Introduction contains one of the most thorough studies of the source material which we have of any saga ; and his


Many countries in sub-Saharan Africa are confronted with the need to raise tax revenues in order to be able to provide a range of services to their populations. Yet taxes and other government revenues as a proportion of GDP are lowest in the poorest countries that need to expand their services the most. In addition, because of high level of informality in their economies, very-low-income countries obtain a large share of tax revenues through consumption taxes which tend to be more regressive than taxes on incomes levied in richer countries. Such a situation poses a difficult dilemma. Very-low-income countries are trying to increase their tax revenues to provide better services to their populations in need, but at the same time a substantial part of the burden of increased taxation may fall on the poor. Furthermore, because the poor in very-low-income countries are often extremely poor, even small increases in the price of the goods they consume related to an increase in tax rates on those goods may have important negative implications for the households' ability to meet their basic needs. This implies that government must be especially careful when raising taxes in order to provide social services. The type of household survey-based analysis that can be conducted to inform governments in this area is illustrated in this paper with a case study on Niger.


To meet the demand of increasingly stringent environmental protection and energy saving requirements,several treatment methods for zinc leaching residue are described in this paper. Among them, a new technology of zinc leaching residue treated by oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace is considered to be the most eco-friendly and energy-saving effective process.


Research funders are increasingly concerned with measurable socio-economic impact of investment in research, and on increasingly shorter timescales. Innovation, and "open innovation" are the policy priorities of the moment and optimising the flow of ideas along the lab-2-market spectrum is essential for re-use of results, fuelling open innovation, and boosting socio-economic impact or public funded research.


An automatic greenhouse seedling monitoring system that can make use of solar energy as power supply to conduct regular monitoring and collect air temperature, air humidity, soil temperature, soil water demand and other parameters is designed. The collected data will be transmitted wirelessly to the upper PC system of host and then, the PC system will compute and process such large amounts of data timely and automatically and carry out corresponding operations for greenhouse through automatic control of feedback signals. With the large capacity of data acquisition, reliable data transmission, humanistic data processing, easy operation, this system will have great practical use. Through the application of this system, it can greatly reduce labor intensity and improve the level of scientific breeding and thus bringing out high quality seedlings to ensure and improve crop yields. This system is feasible and has certain practical value.


The introduction of variable pricing schemes has potential impacts for low voltage (LV) distribution networks with regards to load diversity and peak demand. Households are being equipped communication systems that give consumers a greater visibility of electricity prices facilitating greater market engagement and demand response. This paper presents a bottom-up load model coupled with a novel methodology to capture the discrete, bounded and uncertain consumer response to variable prices. The model uses Monte Carlo simulation techniques and price elasticity matrices to affect the probability of consumption, taking into account detailed consumer characteristics and appliance operation. The model is used to run a high resolution simulation of residential load response and to quantify behavioral changes using standard load metrics.


There has been a common belief through history that contact with nature is beneficial for human health and psychological well being. The explosive growth of urban areas and decline of nature in the 20th Century led an increasing alienation between people and natural world. This has prompted an increasing interest in natural areas, and research on the possible benefits of contact with nature steadily increased in the last three decades. This article reviews the studies on the effects of nature on human well being and health, and provides a critical discussion of their results.Keywords: Nature, Natural landscape, Human health


The CDC estimates that about 10,000 U.S. children are still hospitalized yearly for varicella, about 40 of whom die from the disease or its


The paper analyzes basic design and construction handling of bridge in karst area,it proposes that we should make detailed geological surveying,adopt different bridge base style.It points out that when make design of loading pile in karst area,we must pay much attention to analysis on loading capacity and thickness of top board of limestone cave,and difference between rubbing pile of karst area and the common one.It also discusses common accidents in construction and proposes relative handling method.


We have mapped the 12CO J=1-0 and J=2-1 line emission in Mrk86, one of the most metal-deficient Blue Compact Dwarf galaxies so far detected in 12CO. The 12CO emission is distributed in a horseshoe-like structure that follows the locus of the most recent star formation regions. The minimum in molecular-line emission corresponds to the position of an older, massive nuclear starburst. The H2 mass of the galaxy (in the range 0.4-5x10^7 Msun) and its morphology have been compared with the predictions of hydrodynamic simulations of the evolution of the interstellar medium surrounding a nuclear starburst. These simulations suggest that the physical conditions in the gas swept out by the starburst could have led to the formation of the ring of molecular gas reported here. This result provides an attractive scenario for explaining the propagation (in a galactic scale) of the star formation in dwarf galaxies.


The translocation of lipids from the inner to the outer membrane of Escherichia coli has been investigated by pulse-chase experiments. After a pulse with (2-3H)glycerol, the specific activity of the newly synthesized (3H)phosphati- dylethanolamine was 5 times greater in the inner than in the outer membrane. During the chase, (3H)phosphatidylethano- lamine was translocated to the outer membrane. At 37?C, the half-life for translocation was 2.8 min. This rate was not in- fluenced by alteration in the cellular growth rate at 37?C. Al- tering the cellular growth temperature had a pronounced effect on the rate of phosphatidylethanolamine translocation. Energy inhibitors that deplete the protonmotive force markedly in- hibited the translocation. Translocation was not affected by inhibitors of ATP, protein, or lipid synthesis. Phosphatidylgly- cerol and cardiolipin are translocated very rapidly, with half- lives shorter than 30 sec.


Many distributed systems have been based on explicit message exchange between processes. However, the procedures send and receive do not conceal communication, which is important to achieve access transparency in distributed systems. This problem has long been known, but little was done about it until a paper by Birrell and Nelson (1984) introduced a completely different way of handling communication. Although the idea is refreshingly simple (once someone has thought of it), the implications are often subtle. In this section we will examine the concept, its implementation, its strengths, and its weaknesses. In a nutshell, what Birrell and Nelson suggested was allowing programs to call procedures located on other machines. When a process on machine A calls a procedure on machine B, the calling process on A is suspended, and execution of the called procedure takes place on B. Information can be transported from the caller to the callee in the parameters and can come back in the procedure result. No message passing at all is visible to the programmer. This method is known as Remote Procedure Call, or often just RPC. While the basic idea sounds simple and elegant, subtle problems exist. To start with, because the calling and called procedures run on different machines, they execute in different address spaces, which causes complications. Parameters and results also have to be passed, which can be complicated, especially if the machines are not identical. Finally, both machines can crash and each of the possible failures causes different problems. Still, most of these can be dealt with, and RPC is a widely-used technique that underlies many distributed systems. We first start with discussing conventional procedure calls, and then explain how the call itself can be split into a client and server part that are each executed on different machines. To understand how RPC works, it is important first to fully understand how a conventional (i.e., single machine) procedure call works. Consider a call in C like count = read(fd, buf, nbytes); where fd is an integer indicating a file, buf is an array of characters into which data are read, and nbytes is another integer telling how many bytes to read. If the call is made from the main program, the stack will be as shown in Fig. 2-1(a) before the call. To make the call, the caller pushes the parameters onto the stack in order, last one first, as shown …


Objective To investigate the status of nursing students' professional identification during clinical practice,and to analyze the influencing factors.Methods Ninety-eight nursing students during clinical practice were investigated with the general information questionnaire and the professional identification questionnaire.Results The total score of professional identification was 23 ~ 34( 28.45±5.44).The application choice was the influencing factor.Conclusion The professional identification of nursing students differs according to the personal characters,nursing administrators should provide career guidance according to the students' characters.


The article describes the impact of a fuel-consuming power generator on energy production costs. The research is based on a thermodynamic engine model for which the energy source is hydrocarbon fuel. The results of the studies on the thermodynamic engine are energy cost functions for which the variable is electrical power. The presented characteristics reflect the impact of fuel prices on the minima of the cost function. In addition, the characteristics reflect the location of the extremes of functions in the coordinate system relative to the maximum of the function of efficiency. The article concludes with a cost model for thermodynamic engines for which hydrocarbon fuel is purchased. Article proposes the cooperation of generators with renewable sources to increase and stabilize the power rating of power systems.


The present invention relates to a metal powder injection molding debinding vacuum sintering furnace, discloses a method of controlled cooling of metal powder injection molding debinding vacuum sintering furnace, the cooling curve of the first set up, the PID controller based on the temperature on the cooling curve setting value SV and real-time monitoring of the temperature in the furnace body automatically calculate PV, then the calculated value is delivered to the inverter, the inverter output frequency to change this value, in order to change the speed of the cooling fan, so that the temperature inside the furnace by setting a good cooling curve cooled. The present invention utilizes a PID controller and the drive, the rotational speed of the cooling fan is controlled stepless variable speed controllable, but the solution had no effect on the product may be dropped from the cooling start temperature began forced cooling temperature of the cooling rate is not too fast , and natural cooling is too slow defects.


The house dust mites (Dermatophagoides farinae, Derf) are the major source of aeroaller gens implicated in the expression of atopic disorders, including asthma, allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis. In particular, strong circumstantial evidence suggests that house dust mite antigens are important precipitating factors of asthma. Many house dust mite allergens are proteases that can elicit airway inflammation by stimulating the release of cytokines from bronchial epithelial cells. To investigate whether Der f allergen proteases induced cytokine production from the epithelial cell line BEAS-2B, BEAS-2B cells were cultured with 4 different concentrations of Derf (0.02, 0.2, 2, 20μg/ml) for 24-96 h, after which supernatants were assayed for interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 with ELISA. Reverse transcription-PCR was also performed. The cell sheets were intact throughout the observation in control group without any exposure to Der f antigen. In the experimental groups cells treated with Der f allergen showed changes in the anchorage status of the monolayer. There was a significant increase in the level of cytokine production compared with the untreated sample. The release of IL-6 and IL-8 increased in a concentration-dependent manner (P 0.05, respectively) with the addition of increasing dosage of Der f to the cell sheets. Levels of IL-6 and IL-8 began to rise at 24 h and 48 h after allergen exposure, and they increased significantly in the supematants at 72 h and 96 h. At the same time the concentration dependence of induction of IL-6 and IL-8 expression as well as an increase in the expression of IL-6 and IL-8 mRNA manifested evidently. HDM-induced airway inflammation may include Der f-mediated release of inflammatory mediators, and the proteolytic activity of an allergen may stimulate the release of proinflammatory cytokines from human bronchial epithelium. It is suggested that IL-6 and IL-8 production by bronchial epithelial cells may play a role in the pathogenesis of allergic asthma.


This report concerns an operative technique using inexpensive pre-polymerised cement discs as a means of addressing the bone loss from the posterior femoral condyles found during revision total knee replacement. Bone lost from the posterior condyles in the loosened femoral component of a total knee replacement enlarges the flexion gap at revision. Downsizing the femoral component to fit the remaining bone requires a thicker tibial insert and a proximalised new femoral component to maintain balanced gaps in flexion and extension. Patella infera results from this proximalisation of the joint line and interferes with the extensor apparatus. Some knee systems offer customised components with thickened posterior femoral condyles or provide the surgeon with the option of adding metal augments to the femoral component to manage the posterior femoral bone loss. This technique has been applied to ten cases (follow- up ranging from 15 to 46 months) in which inexpensive pre-polymerised cement spacers were incorporated into the posterior femoral cement mass. This allowed the use of primary stemmed components with preservation of the original joint line position. No case has resulted in loosening although two cases have required further revision due to recurrence of their original infection. At revision of these cases the cement discs remained firmly incorporated in the cement mass. We conclude that this technique is reliable, inexpensive and could be applied to other prosthetic varieties.


There is a paucity of Russian medical literature reporting lumbosacral transitional vertebrae in children and adolescents. Many important aspects of the condition including two nosologies of sacralization of the L5 vertebrae and lumbalization of the S1 vertebrae have been under-explored. The objective was to establish overall frequency and frequency of certain types of lumbosacral transitional vertebrae in children and adolescents who sustained a lumbar injury and to investigate clinical manifestations of the pathology. Material and methods A comprehensive examination of 312children aged 7 to 18 years who suffered a lumbar injury was performed. Lumbosacral transitional vertebrae was radiologically diagnosed in 19 (6.09 %) subjects. Grading system of A.E. Castellvi et al. (1984) was used to classify the pathology. Results From 19 patients with lumbosacral transitional vertebrae, sacralization of the L5 vertebrae was detected in 16 (84.21 %) individuals. Lumbalization of the S1 vertebrae was diagnosed in 3 (15.79 %) children. Type II (n = 13) and subtype "b" (n = 10) were most common. No types III and IV of the disease were seen. No clinical symptoms indicating the likelihood of having lumbosacral transitional vertebrae were observed in the patients prior to the lumbar injury. Conclusion The frequency of occurrence of lumbosacral transitional vertebrae and its structure were reviewed in children and adolescents. The patients demonstrated no clinical manifestations of the condition before the children sustained lumbar injuries. Various aspects of transitional lumbar vertebrae in children and adolescents require further study.


There is evidence that low calcium intake can increase body weight. This study aimed to determine the intake of calcium by obese adults, assisted by a Basic Health Unit of Morada Nova, Ceará. The sample comprised 206 individuals of any of the genders, adults, absent of diseases that favored gain or loss of weight and that presented Body Mass Index of eutrophic or obesity, evaluated by anthropometry, body composition, food consumption and a questionnaire about socioeconomic conditions. Among the surveyed, 158 were women and 48 men, with mean age of 39.5 years. The prevailing level of schooling was incomplete primary. Eutrophic had a mean Body Mass Index of 22.51 kg/m2 and obese, 33.58 kg/m2. The average intake of calcium corresponded to 278.65 mg/day in obese and 331.16 mg/day in normal-weight, but in spite of the group, 97.09% of subjects had intake below of the Estimated Average Requirement. Among the food sources of calcium reported by eutrophic, stood out the whole milk, cheese, skim milk and butter. For obese, it was observed an intake of skim milk, milk powder, cheese and yogurt, but were still cited products with high concentrations of simple carbohydrates such as dulce de leche and sweetened condensed milk. Reduction in Body Mass Index was noticeable with increased calcium intake, without significance (r=-0,099; p=0,321). It is possible that calcium influences nutritional status, favoring weight reduction, Body Mass Index and fat percentage. However, studies with larger sample size are needed.


The invention provides an abrasive specially used for an elastic seat-seal gate valve and a preparation method thereof. The abrasive provided by the invention is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of aluminum oxide, 5-10 parts of water, 10-20 parts of talcum powder, 3-6 parts of vermiculite, 5-10 parts of chromium carbide, 10-20 parts of silicon carbide, 10-20 parts of copper powder, 1-3 parts of sodium tripolyphosphate, 1-3 parts of sodium dodecyl sulfonate, 1-3 parts of sodium silicate, 2-4 parts of hydroxyethyl cellulose and 5-10 parts of a dispersing agent. The abrasive provided by the invention takes vermiculite and chromium carbide with small particle size as a main grinding medium, and the abrasive obtained under the action of other auxiliary abrasives is stable in properties and has high grinding efficiency, the grinding time is shortened, and certain protective effect on a mortar is realized.


The aim of the paper is to explore the relations between economic inequality and social welfare staring from the assumption that causality goes from economic inequality to social welfare. Standard methodological framework of economic science was enhanced with interpersonal function of individual welfare so the effects of economic inequality of the level of social welfare can be considered. It was demonstrated that there is no unequivocal theoretical conclusion and that differences in the preferences among people should be empirical considered for more insights. The analysis of the consequences of economic inequality to economic growth, i.e. dynamics of social welfare, demonstrated that there are numerous mechanisms of causality with the countervailing effects. The most important mechanism by which inequality speeds-up economic growth is based on the increased saving and invents rates, and the most important mechanism by which it slows-down growth is based on decreasing investments in human capital. Accordingly, there is no unequivocal theoretical conclusion also in this case. Nonetheless, modern growth theory has demonstrated that that the most dangerous economic growth is inequality of the treatment of economic agents, i.e. discrimination and exclusion, as that kind of inequality creates substantial allocative inefficiency.


This paper reviews the low-temperature and low-pressure thermal polymerization of dielectric polyimides that are used for redistribution layers (RDLs). Specifically, this presentation illustrates the significant impact of the low-pressure cure process in reducing cure temperature (by 20° to 50°C) and cure times (by as much as 25%) while providing better imidization ratio, film stress, mechanical (elongation %, tensile strength, Young's modulus), thermal (Tg, Td5%, CTE), and electrical (Dk, Df) properties for different types of dielectric polyimides. Among the many low-temperature polyimides we have studied, we focus here on the Fujifilm LTC-9300 series (LTC-9310 and LTC-9320) and the Asahi BL-300 series. The excellent post-curing polymerization ratio (as measured by FT-IR) and film stress results are also described. Finally, a proposed mechanism for these dielectric polyimides' polymerization under reduced pressure is discussed.


ABSTRACT Background Anesthesiologists in Egypt as a representative of developing countries with large populations and shortage of trained personnel and extended working hours that may reach 30 continuous hours are susceptible victims of fatigue and sleep deprivation. Objectives To evaluate and compare differences in cognitive function of anesthesia residents before and after the 24 hours work shift. Methods Prospective, observational, cohort study that was conducted in tertiary care hospital (Kasr El-Aini Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University). Fifty anesthesia residents with 24 hours working shift participated in the study. The cognitive function was assessed before and after the shift using Psychomotor Vigilance Task, Karolinska Sleepiness Scale, Epworth Sleepiness Scale and Trail Making Test before and after the shift. Results Psychomotor Vigilance Task mean reaction time before and after shift was 302.1 ± 35.2 ms and 371.9 ± 55.4 ms, respectively (P value < 0.001). Karolinska Sleepiness Scale mean before and after shift was 3.34 ± 1.189 and 6.24 ± 1.589, respectively (P value < 0.001). Epworth Sleepiness Scale mean before and after shift was 6.68 ± 2.759 and 14.86 ± 3.423, respectively (P value < 0.001). Trail Making Test mean times in both parts A and B, before shifts were 38.82 ± 8.458 and 63.16 ± 11.557 s, respectively. While, post shifts mean times were 44.86 ± 9.370 and 72.60 ± 12.294 s, respectively (P value < 0.001 for both parts). Conclusions Sleep deprivation in night shifts increases the day-time sleepiness and affects the anesthesiologist' cognitive processes, such as reaction time, alertness, rapid problem solving, psychomotor skills, attention, mental flexibility, and executive functions. Clinical trial registration ID clinicaltrials.gov: NCT03784560.


In this study, a series of heating methods were used to help dissolve a mixed flocculant Polyethylene glycol/Polyacrylamide(PEG/PAM). And this flocculant was used to treat wastewater produced in vanadium extraction from stone coal. In order to research whether or not the heating solubilization methods would lower the removal effect of pollutants in wastewater, three heating methods especially microwave at a range of temperature had been acted on PEG/PAM, and removal efficiency of pollutants in wastewater were compared when adding PEG/PAM before and after heating. The results show that heat treatments of PEG/PAM mixed flocculants almost had no effect on removal of As, Fe and pH of yielding water, but had a small effect on removal of V, Cd and volume of floc produced. Even though, they slightly affected the treatment effect of wastewater, for we can accelerate the dissolution of PEG/PAM mixed flocculants through heating them to save dissolving time and container volume without reducing the treatment efficiency.


Methodology: the naturalism of Book I of Hume's "Treatise", David Pears Hume's new science of the mind, John Biro. Ideas and impressions: the difference between feeling and thinking, Stephen Everson priority and separability in Hume's empiricism, Don Garrett. Logic, knowledge and demonstrative reasoning: Hume and the logicians, Charles Echelbarger Hume on demonstration, David Owen. Belief and probable reasoning: Hume on reason Hume's scepticism about causal inference, Janet Broughton Hume's argument concerning induction - structure and interpretation, Peter Millican naturalism, normativity and scepticism in Hume's account of belief. Miracles: miracles and probabilities, George Schlesinger the probabilities in Hume's argument against miracles. Causation and the "new Hume": Hume's academic scepticism, John Wright Hume and thick connections, Simon Blackburn the new Hume, Ken Winkler. Personal identity: Hume's theory of the self revisited, Terence Penelhum Hume's self-doubts about personal identity, Don Garrett personal identity and the passions, Jane MacIntyre. Scepticism: Hume's scepticism about reason, William Morris Hume's scepticism - natural instincts and philosophical reflection, Barry Stroud how a sceptic may live scepticism, David Fate Norton.


Many of the issues discussed in the enclosed report are long-standing and have been identified previously. As noted in the report, the current maintenance improvement program does not incorporate certain fundamental aspects of an acceptable program, such as integrated scheduling for the performance of maintenance activities and a comprehensive approach to the tracking of material history and equipment failures. The enclosed report also notes that the Y-12 Area Office staff does not have an aggressive program with respect to oversight of the overall Y-12 maintenance program.


fuel consumption and thermal efficiency have been improved at the High Speed Diesel (D 100) at different -3 % at operating speeds of 2500 rpm-3000 rpm and 3 % increas


We shall review the information on the prevalence of infertility in different regions of the world and consider aetiological factors explaining regional variations in infertility rates. Data from a large multinational standardized clinical investigation of couples consulting for infertility point to the relative contributions of different aetiological factors; of these sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are identified as the major preventable cause. The mechanisms by which STDs can cause infertility in the male and female are summarized from available epidemiological evidence. (SUMMARY IN FRE) (EXCERPT)


THE symptoms accompanying paroxysmal tachycardia are numerous and varied. Most of them are not caused directly by the tachycardia, nor are they directly or specifically related to the underlying heart condition. Inquiry into the circumstances under which they arise throws no light on their meaning or on the underlying cardiovascular status. A few of the symptoms, however, arise under such constant conditions that they create a uniform clinical pattern. Because these symptoms —palpitation, pulmonary congestion, anginal pain, congestive failure, vascular collapse, Central-nervous-system manifestations and embolism — may be correlated with significant variables, such as the type of patient, the heart . . .


A single board computer (SBC) based on the AT89S52 (a member of MCS‐51 family) microcontroller with an ADC, serial and parallel communications, and input/output devices such as a pushbutton, a keypad, LEDs, 7‐segment displays, and an LCD was developed for teaching an instrumentation system course to the sophomore students. Five microcontroller‐related laboratory experiments offered to the students within the 15‐week semester are (i) basic programming of the microcontroller, (ii) interfacing the DIP switches, LEDs, and 7‐segment displays, (iii) application of the analog multiplexer and the ADC with the LCD, (iv) serial communication and application of the HyperTerminal, and (v) measurement of water temperature, displaying the measurement result, and application of the LabView. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ. 15: 166–173, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com); DOI 10.1002/cae.20107


Over the past decade or so, it has become increasingly common that PhD candidates in the social sciences submit thesis consisting of a compilation of individual papers (the article-compilation format). This approach contrasts sharply with the tradition of writing monograph theses (the monograph format). The aim of this paper is (1) to suggest some reasons why this change has occurred and (2) to discuss some advantages and disadvantages of the two thesis formats. The first issue will be pursued through a discussion of different academic practices and political changes to the structures of academia, while the second issue will be approached through interviews with two current PhD candidates. From this, my aim is to extract some provisional thoughts on the question of compilation theses versus monograph theses.


Abstract Postpolymerization of vinyl monomers initiated by pendant peroxycarbonate groups of grafted polymer chains on carbon black (CB) was investigated. The grafting of polymers having pendant peroxycarbonate groups onto CB was achieved by the trapping of polymer radicals formed by the thermal decomposition of copolymers of t-butylperoxy-2-methacryloyloxyethyl-carbonate (HEPO) with vinyl monomers such as vinyl acetate (VAc), styrene (St) and methyl methacrylate (MMA). The copolymers having pendant peroxycarbonate groups were prepared by copolym-erization of HEPO with vinyl monomers using azo initiator under irradiation of UV light at room temperature. The amount of remaining pendant peroxycarbonate groups of the poly(VAc-co-HEPO)-grafted CB obtained from the reaction at 90°C was maximum and decreased above the temperature. Furthermore, the postpolymerization of vinyl monomers, such as St, MMA, and VAc was initiated in the presence of poly(VAc-co-HEPO)-grafted and poly(St-co-HEPO)-grafted CB and the corr...


Optimistic parallel discrete event simulation has been demonstrated to be an efficient alternative for the simulation of various classes of large scale systems. In particula r, it is well-known that organizing the event processing task as a sequence of iterations delimited by the barrier synchro nization of the processors is a convenient strategy to follow since it is possible to impose certain global order to an inherently prone-to-unstability form of simulation. Thus an inmediate concern is to ensure a proper control of the amount of work allowed to be done by the processors at any given period of the simulation in a way which is not costly in terms of computation and communication. This paper describes an automatic method for performing such task.


Abstract The objective of this work is to assemble and test a non-application-specific active controller for the reduction of noise and vibration and discuss its potential for practical applications. The power absorbed by the controller is taken as a cost function to be maximized. The background theory end essential strategy are reported in the companion paper [1], where it was shown that power absorption maximization within the time taken for a wave emitted by the controller to come back to the control point, i.e., within a single sing-around time, is promising. A maximum power absorber based on this strategy was developed for experimental purposes and the (same) device was applied to three different vibration problems, a string, an acoustic tube and a plate model. These experiments confirmed that the absorber attenuates vibration from a variety of problems effectively, suggesting that the prospects for this controller are encouraging.


The Instructional Services Unit of Rice Library provides in-class instruction as well as digital tools to help students conduct research by utilizing the variety of resources available through the library.


This article contains an analysis of the figure of the positive response regarding the new regulation introduced by Law 1437 of 2011 over the repealed Decree 01 of 1984 to include a requirement of effectiveness of the apparent positive act notarization thereof. Some aspects related to the elements of the administrative act or alleged competition notional administration will be analyzed and then decide the term of up to respond. With this understanding, it is essential first step in reference to those factors in the general administrative act, to later delve into its operation in the notional administrative act, due to the positive administrative silence.


We investigate a previously constructed stationary solution of the vacuum Einstein equations, which represents a system of two non-extreme black holes with equal masses and opposite NUT charges, connected by a Misner string with tension. For large separations, the inverse square law force measured by this tension is attractive or repulsive, according to the relative values of the masses and NUT charges. For small separations, the force is always repulsive, so that the system cannot collapse to a single black hole. For given values of the black hole masses and NUT charges, there is a unique configuration such that the Misner string is tensionless. This behaves asymptotically as the Kerr solution, but can be overspinning while remaining free from a ring singularity, thus evading the usual black hole uniqueness theorems. All double black hole and string configurations satisfy a generalized first law of black hole mechanics where the two black holes and the Misner string are treated on an equal footing.


At present, there is great expectation placed on regeneration therapy by utilizing stem cells. In the dermatological field, much progress has been made in research on hair follicle stem cells recently. The technologies to separate hair follicle stem cells from mouse and human skin have been develope...


Postcolonial feminism is a response to Western Eurocentric feminism, which did not pay attention to racial differences, feelings and the position of women in the once colonized territories. The search for gender justice has led to the emergence of new theories and models reflecting the problems of oppression of women in the Afro-Asian world. The feminism of the postcolonial wave has focused on the issues of women's political participation, the preservation of patriarchal survivals in the family and the state, economic and social inequality, the impact of globalization and integration processes on the position of women in society. The lack of unity regarding the assessment of the influence of Western culture on traditional societies and the position of women in postcolonial countries has led to the emergence of many approaches to the interpretation of gender processes and the role of women in the modern world. An analysis of the variants of postcolonial feminism such as: womanism, stiwanism, motherism, nego-feminism and others allows us to draw conclusions about their engagement in global or national practice.


Disclosed is a system of a thin film forming apparatus, which is provided with: a heating chamber (3), which is one of the processing chambers, and which has disposed therein a heating apparatus (20) that heats a substrate (16), and a substrate transfer apparatus (12A) that relatively moves the substrate (16) and the heating apparatus (20); a ZnO sputter chamber (4), which is one of the processing chambers, and which has disposed therein a sputter apparatus (26) that forms a thin film on the heated substrate (16); and a control apparatus (22) that operates the substrate transfer apparatus (12A). The substrate transfer apparatus (12A) is operated by means of the control apparatus (22) such that the substrate (16) and the heating apparatus (20) in the heating chamber (3) are continuously moved relatively to each other, in the case where the substrate (16) cannot be transferred from the heating chamber (3). With such configuration, deformation of the substrate is eliminated, and the substrate is prevented from breaking due to heat.


Ideological and political education has always been playing an important role for the development of socialist ideological education in China, as well as the main means to grasp the social trends of thoughts and influence the construction of their social essential values. Based on the in-depth questionnaire and survey of 1000 college students, the author deeply believes that the college students' current reading habits, mainstream way of information acceptance and the external communication ways in China are characterized by networking, video personalization and some other new features. Nowadays, it is difficult to meet the college students' ideological and political education needs through the single way of traditional classroom education. In view of the changes of information acceptance and exchange of college students, this paper fully understands that the film & television media are strengthening and improving their ideological and political education, and puts forward the relationship between "film & television media literacy" and the innovation of ideological and political education of college students, which makes film and television media resources become new forms and highlights of ideological and political education of college students with positive energy and helps to improve the effect of ideological and political education on their moral education, ethics, art aesthetics and other aspects.


Impact energy-absorbing element, in particular for a rail vehicle, with an element body (103) having a longitudinal axis (103.3) and a perpendicular to the longitudinal axis (103.3) extending transverse axis (103.4), wherein the element body (103) at least a first section (106.1) for consumption includes impact energy, extending in the direction of the longitudinal axis (103.3) and a first flexural rigidity about the transverse axis (103.4), and wherein the element body (103) comprises at least a second section (106.2) for consumption of impact energy in the direction extending the longitudinal axis (103.3) and a second flexural rigidity about the transverse axis (103.4) which is adjacent the first section (106.1) and the second section (106.2) in the direction of the longitudinal axis (103.3) are arranged, and the first bending stiffness of the second bending rigidity different is.


The invention provides methods and a device for detecting abnormal locking directly and simply. One method includes a program is started; when the program is locked, an ID of locking is generated, a locking marked file is generated in a set path, contents or file name of the locking marked file is related to the ID of locking, time of locking, code file name or line number of locked code; and when the program is unlocked, the related locking marked file is deleted according to the ID of locking to be unlocked. The other method for detecting abnormal locking includes that when the program is locked, an ID of locking is generated, contents related to the locking information are recorded in a locking chronological file; and when the program is unlocked, contents related to the unlocking information are recorded in the locking chronological file. The methods are convenient to operate, and whether the problem of abnormal locking occurs in the code file or not and the reason can be discovered directly through naked-eye observation.


Variations in adult mosquito body size have been reported from field populations of a number of mosquito species utilizing a wide variety of larval habitat types (Bock and Milby 1981, Haramis 1984, Fish 1985; Nasci 1986a, 1986b). The amount of variation appears to be related to the nature of the larval habitat (Fish 1985). Species using rapidly changing or ephemeral habitats (i.e., flood water, tree holes, man-made containers, salt marshes) display more variance in adult body size than do species using more stable habitats (permanent water, swamps, lake margins). In addition to having ecological significance, the distribution of body size in a mosquito population has epidemiological significance. Survival and parity are positively correlated with large body size in several mosquito species (Haramis 1983;Nasci 1986a, 1986b). The purpose of this project was to examine the body size of Arnplwles crucia ns Wiedemann, Aedes tocniorlryrrchw (Wiedemann), and Aedes sollicitans (Walker) populations, to determine if these three salt marsh inhabiting species demonstrate similar amounts of variation in size. Fish (1985) previously reported that the body size of Ae. solli.citans collected in New York is highly variable. Additionally, I examined the relationship of body size to parity in these species. The mosquito populations were sampled by collecting host-seeking mosquitoes coming to human bait at the edge of a salt marsh located in Calcasieu Parish. Louisiana. Collections were made from one hour before to one hour afber sunset, once a week for 5 weeks (starting July 16 through August f1). The mosquitoes were identified in the laboratory, and the left wing of each female mosquito was removed and measured (distance from the axillary incision to the apical margin, excluding the fringe of scales) using a binocular dissecting microscope equipped with an ocular micrometer. In addition, the ovaries of each specimen were removed, and the tracheoles were observed by phase con-


Rainfall is considered as one of the most crucial atmospheric elements that cause attenuation in signal propagation, especially in high-frequency range for fifth-generation (5G) and beyond wireless networks. To unveil the complex relationships between rain attenuation and other factors including rainfall rate, we propose a new rain attenuation prediction model for terrestrial line-of-sight (LoS) propagation using Gaussian Process Regression (GPR). In the proposed model the Recommendation ITU-R P.530 (called the ITU-R model) is used as the mean function in GPR, and to capture the deviation of measured rain attenuation from the ITU-R model we develop a latent function in GPR motivated from the ITU-R model. We validate with the ITU-R study group 3 databank (DBSG3) that the proposed model provides high prediction accuracy.


Introduction: The majority of patients with extremity osteo-sarcoma undergo limb salvage surgery. The most common location is about the knee, where at least one half of the knee joint is usually removed. A select group of patients with proximal tibial osteosarcomas had preservation of the entire articular surface following reconstruction. Method: Since 1993, 67 patients with osteosarcoma have been treated. Sixteen patients had tibial tumors. The original MRI of five patients showed part of the condyle appeared uninvolved. These five underwent joint sparing surgery. A portion of the proximal tibial condyle was resected, leaving the articular surface intact. The tibial defect was reconstructed with autograft bone from the iliac crest and a vascularised fibula. A gastrocnemius muscle flap was rotated to cover the grafts. Four patients had continuation of high dose chemotherapy following surgery and one patient had acute liver failure in the post-operative period requiring the cessation of further chemotherapy. Results: There are three males and two females aged 10 to 18 years. The length of resection was 6.5cm to 12cm and the distance from the articular surface of the tibia to the proximal resection margin ranged from 3mm to 8mm. One patient had reattachment of the tibial tendon because the tibial tubercle had to be resected with the tumor. Pathologic examination showed greater than 90% necrosis in all patients. One patient required two additional procedures because of fracture of the vascularised fibular graft. Her leg is solidly united at 70 months follow-up. Another patient had delayed wound healing with spontaneous resolution. Two patients had contralateral epiphyseodesis to prevent a progressive limb length discrepancy. Follow-up is 13, 46, 55, 70 and 81 months since surgery. The patients are continuously disease-free. The knees in four patients are stable to medial and lateral stress; one patient has slight medial opening, and no patients exhibit anteroposterior laxity. The range of motion of all knees is complete and there is no joint narrowing. Four patients have resumed sports and two wear a brace for these activities. Conclusion: This surgical approach resulted in excellent outcomes in a selected group of patients. Since this is a biologic reconstruction, the patient is allowed unrestricted athletic activities. There is no sign of joint deterioration after short follow-up. Further investigations are required to determine the safety of the procedure and define surgical indications.


As demand for eBooks and eLooseleaf services in law firms grows, Cindy Martin and Phil Mullen explore the implications and challenges for lawyers, publishers and librarians.


Synthetic brigade is the decisive force to carry out ground assault missions, Under the conditions of informationized warfare, battlefield information presents the characteristics of multi-source heterogeneity. How to transform information advantage into decision advantage is a big challenge for commanders. In this paper, the knowledge graph technology is used to design and implement the intelligent question and answer system for the commander of the synthetic brigade, which can effectively improve the combat effectiveness of the troops.


In electricity market,how to build optimal bidding strategy to maximize profit when risks are considered becomes the key point for generation companies.A new bidding strategy based on utility theory is proposed in this paper.It is carried out by evaluating prices risk of bidding using chance-constrained programming and is accessed using utility theory.It gives a new way of bidding building for generation companies.Simulation results show that the established model is effective.


Although vaccines have been successfully developed and approved against SARS-CoV-2, it is still valuable to perform studies on conserved antigenic sites for preventing possible pandemic-risk of other SARS-like coronavirus in the future and prevalent SARS-CoV-2 variants. By antibodies obtained from convalescent COVID-19 individuals, receptor binding domain (RBD) were identified as immunodominant neutralizing domain that efficiently elicits neutralizing antibody response with on-going affinity mature. Moreover, we succeeded to define a quantitative antigenic map of neutralizing sites within SARS-CoV-2 RBD, and found that sites S2, S3 and S4 (new-found site) are conserved sites and determined as subimmunodominant sites, putatively due to their less accessibility than SARS-CoV-2 unique sites. P10-6G3, P07-4D10 and P05-6H7, respectively targeting S2, S3 and S4, are relatively rare antibodies that also potently neutralizes SARS-CoV, and the last mAbs performing neutralization without blocking S protein binding to receptor. Further, we have tried to design some RBDs to improve the immunogenicity of conserved sites. Our studies, focusing on conserved antigenic sites of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV, provide insights for promoting development of universal SARS-like coronavirus vaccines therefore enhancing our pandemic preparedness.


aromatic hydrocarbons are versatile building blocks for conjugated materials and can be applied in molecular electronics. Pyrenes are known as the best organic chromophores, and pyrene itself is known as an electron donor. Likewise, quinones are promising electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries. The calculations were performed for pyrene-4,5,9,10-tetrathione, pyrene-4,5,9,10-tetraselenone and pyrene-4,5,9,10-tetratellurone, and the results were compared with those for pyrene-4,5,9,10-tetraone. The results obtained indicate that the sulfur derivative is a suitable candidate for further experimental studies since, although selenium and tellurium compounds present better prospects than 4,5,9,10-tetraoxopyrene, they require the improvement of available synthetic techniques or even the discovery of new ones.


In this study, the vacuum distillation of LiCl-KCl eutectic salt in a mixture of LiCl-KCl eutectic salt and rare-earth precipitates was carried out to evaluate the vaporization characteristics of LiCl-KCl eutectic salt. It was confirmed that the required time for salt vaporization was reduced by a reduction in the pressure. It appeared that the vaporization of LiCl-KCl eutectic salt containing rare-earth precipitates was decreased in comparison with that of pure salt because the salt adhered to the fine particles of the rare-earth precipitates. However, the distillation of the salt was almost achieved by elevating the surface area and further reducing the pressure. The distilled salt from the mixture consisted of 43.7 wt% LiCl and 56.3 wt% KCl. It is thought that the recovered salt can be reused because its composition is similar to the mixed ratio (44.2 wt% LiCl: 55.8 wt% KCl) of the salt used in an electrorefining process.


Preface Recent Trends in Household Wealth in the U.S.: Rising Debt & the Middle Class Squeeze When the Market Does Not Deliver: An Inclusive Growth Experiment Falls Victim to Wealth Constraints Can We Explain Away the Black-White Wealth Gap? Consilient Approaches to Modeling Wealth A Review of Modern Theories of Wealth Inequality Wealth Management The Distribution of Wealth in the United States from 1983 to 2004: Inequality & Polarization Index.


VANETs are characterized by the rapid changes in network topology due to their random movement patterns and their high-speed mobility. Hence, the support of efficient mobility management solutions become an important feature in VANET. Most of VANET applications need internet access almost everywhere and at any time without interruption. Thus, ensuring a seamless connection and enhanced throughput performance requires an improved handover strategy. In this paper, we introduce a new hand over optimization method for the 5G cellular network. A mobility prediction algorithm coupled with previous handover events logs was used to predict when and where the handover will occur in the network. In the proposed work, we aim to minimize the number of handover events without degrading network performance. A simulation-based performance study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed methods, and the results were compared to the 3GPP conventional handover solution. It was found that our proposed solution reduces the number of handover events without affecting the network quality.


An oxygen surface humidifying device comprises a main housing, an intake pipeline and a humidifying liquor storage part; the main housing is internally provided with a surface humidifying part and a humidifying liquor conveying part; the surface humidifying part comprises the water absorbable body of the surface humidifying part and an inner cavity gap taking at least a part of water absorbable body as inner wall; the position of the surface humidifying part in the inner cavity of the main housing is higher than the humidifying liquor storage part; the humidifying liquor conveying part comprises a water absorbable body connected with the humidifying liquor for providing water for the surface humidifying part continuously by means of capillary principle; and the oxygen is humidified by the smooth wet cavity gap, the oxygen does not enter the liquid water and is not bumped with water vapor vigorously, only the water vapor is brought into the gas stream, thereby reaching the sterilized humidifying effect without noises.


A scanning algorithm based on the classical Student t‐test is extended to detecting the presence and coherency of multiscale abrupt changes in two time series. It functions similarly to the Haar wavelet transform, but also provides thresholds of the statistical significance for testing change‐points. The algorithm is applied to the historic series (AD 622–1469) of the maximum and minimum flood levels of the Nile River using the "Table‐Look‐Up Test" for correction of dependence in the series. The results reveal several abrupt changes, and separate wet/dry episodes on 30–160 year time‐scales. Most of the episodes coincide with historic records of catastrophe in Egypt. Some changes correspond to changes in China and Europe, and to reconstructions of fish stocks off the west coast of North America, indicating that they are driven and linked by global teleconnection processes.


This research is based on facts in the field indicating that the mathematical connection ability of self-efficacy of students has not been in accordance with expectations. This study aims to improve the ability of mathematical connections and self-efficacy of students using the Brain Based Learning approach. This research method is an experimental method with the population of all SMPN students in Cianjur District and a sample of two classes of students SMPN 2 Cipanas randomly selected class. Instruments used are test instruments and non-test. The result of the research shows that the improvement of mathematical connection ability and self-efficacy of students using Brain Based Learning approach is better than using ordinary learning. this study has an association for both variables with moderate criteria. Keywords: Brain Based Learning, Mathematical Connection, Self-Efficacy.


While fast-growing, telecommunication students, researchers and engineers have to consider innovative approaches to continuously address user demands and provide progressive involvement in technology development, as well as its usefulness and support capabilities for indoor consumers. Through an outstanding and specialized narrowband sounder, this research employed three-dimensional (3D) radio measurements in indoor corridors at 28 GHz, where complete coverage of 360-degree scans at each measured location were assessed. Based on the experimental measurements, when Kriging was included, path loss predictions were more accurate, reducing the RMSE by more than 50%, suggesting a reliable path loss model for planning and deployment of wireless communication systems in indoor corridors.


An effective approach to speech enhancement based on sparse representation is proposed. More specifically, a universal dictionary was trained on many clean speech utterances for alternative speech representation by adopting the K-SVD algorithm. While the universal dictionary could be processed beforehand, a lot of time consumption would be saved during denoising procedure. Then orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) algorithm was employed to reconstruct the target speech over the universal dictionary. Experimental results show that the proposed approach achieves better or similar perceptual evaluation of speech quality (PESQ) scores and output SNR compared to other conventional methods in a wide range of input SNR.


This paper will describe the manufacturing process for the production of components that are currently processable by powder metallurgy. Powder and alloying technology, compacting and sintering will be presented. The mechanical properties will be discussed and how they are influenced by the processing conditions of sintering (dew point, cooling rate, atmosphere etc.). Fundamental knowledge in the materialography (i.e. metallography) shows that the interpretation of the microstructure is a good understanding for the sintering process permits to increase the mechanical properties.


Salawu, M. B., Warren, E. H., Adesogan, A. T. (2001). Fermentation characteristics, aerobic stability and ruminal degradation of ensiled pea/wheat bi-crop forages treated with two microbial inoculants, formic acid or quebracho tannins. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 81, (13), 1263-1268.


Nowadays, there is a growing interest in extending the service life of wood and wood products by applying natural substances that are harmless to humans and the environment. In this paper, propolis was used as an eco-friendly wood preservative. The aim of this study was to determine the resistance of Scots pine wood treated with the propolis extract against brown-rot fungus Coniophora puteana. The wood biodegradation was assessed by gravimetric method, as well as by the analysis of ergosterol concentration in decayed wood and by the determination of changes in the wood structure by means of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The results indicated that the impregnation of wood with propolis extract above 12% concentration limited fungal decay. The mass loss of wood treated with 18.9% propolis extract was 2.3% and was over 21 times lower than that for untreated wood. The analysis of ergosterol content and the changes in wood structure also confirmed that the propolis extract above 12% concentration protected wood against decay caused by C. puteana. Moreover, the propolis extract used in wood impregnation was rich in phenolic compounds, mainly chrysin, pinocembrin and galangin, which possess antimicrobial activity. The obtained results indicate that the extract of Polish propolis can be a promising natural wood preservative, safe for humans and the natural environment.


The behavior of vegetation-reinforced slopes during a sequence of successive earthquake motions was investigated using centrifuge model tests at 1:10 scale. The model roots used in this study were fabricated using Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) plastic using 3D printing (rapid prototyping). It is shown that in this case, the presence of root system significantly decreases permanent settlement at the crest of the slope. The majority of the reduction was observed during the first two motions, which was related to the mobilization of the root-soil interaction as the roots bend in response to the soil kinematic loading. After this, less difference was observed because the root shear strength contribution reached a limiting value. Discontinuity Layout Optimisation (DLO) calculation was then employed to better understand the failure mechanism of rooted slope and it was found that the improvement of slope performance is mainly mobilized by the increase of yield acceleration and decrease of acceleration response spectra (ARS).


Significance In nature, nitrogenase fixes nitrogen into biologically usable forms under ambient conditions. Today, half of the world's nitrogen fixation is achieved through the industrial Haber–Bosch process, which operates at elevated temperature and pressure. Here, we present a synthetic nitrogenase mimic in the form of chalcogel composed of molybdenum and iron-containing biomimetic clusters that can accomplish photocatalytic N2 fixation and conversion to NH3 at ambient temperature and pressure. Surprisingly, the iron–sulfur chalcogels without molybdenum are observed to have a higher activity toward N2 reduction. The results reported here will greatly expand the scope of materials design and engineering for the creation of highly active iron-based N2 reduction catalysts operating in mild conditions. A nitrogenase-inspired biomimetic chalcogel system comprising double-cubane [Mo2Fe6S8(SPh)3] and single-cubane (Fe4S4) biomimetic clusters demonstrates photocatalytic N2 fixation and conversion to NH3 in ambient temperature and pressure conditions. Replacing the Fe4S4 clusters in this system with other inert ions such as Sb3+, Sn4+, Zn2+ also gave chalcogels that were photocatalytically active. Finally, molybdenum-free chalcogels containing only Fe4S4 clusters are also capable of accomplishing the N2 fixation reaction with even higher efficiency than their Mo2Fe6S8(SPh)3-containing counterparts. Our results suggest that redox-active iron-sulfide–containing materials can activate the N2 molecule upon visible light excitation, which can be reduced all of the way to NH3 using protons and sacrificial electrons in aqueous solution. Evidently, whereas the Mo2Fe6S8(SPh)3 is capable of N2 fixation, Mo itself is not necessary to carry out this process. The initial binding of N2 with chalcogels under illumination was observed with in situ diffuse-reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (DRIFTS). 15N2 isotope experiments confirm that the generated NH3 derives from N2. Density functional theory (DFT) electronic structure calculations suggest that the N2 binding is thermodynamically favorable only with the highly reduced active clusters. The results reported herein contribute to ongoing efforts of mimicking nitrogenase in fixing nitrogen and point to a promising path in developing catalysts for the reduction of N2 under ambient conditions.


We report a new type of photoreflectance (PR) by means of sweeping the pump laser beam. The modulation is achieved by moving the position of the pump beam with respect to the probe beam. In the conventional photoreflectance (using a mechanical chopper) the problem is caused by photoluminescence (PL) produced by the pump light. This is particularly acute at low temperatures where the PL is large. In our novel sweeping photoreflectance (SPR) technique the pump intensity is constant. Hence the problem associated with the luminescence is eliminated. Therefore SPR spectra can be obtained at much lower temperatures than conventional PR. The signal to noise ratio in SPR is usually better than that in conventional PR. The sources of noise in both conventional and sweeping photoreflectance is also discussed.


Protection systems on electrical equipment is useful to identify the presence of fault and reduce the occurrence of damage by limiting the disturbed area, safety on power transformers using primary protection namely differential relay. The basic principle of relay is based on hokum kirchoff where the inrush is equal to the outflow (I1= I2). The differential relay works selectively securing the transformer from internal fault and external fault, input current and transformer output current are equal even though the current exceeds the transformer maximum current, therefore the relay does not respond to it as a disturbance. The method used in this research is secondary data by conducting research at Banyudono Substation 150kV all component data is calculated manually and ETAP 12.6 software simulation to be applied to mathematical calculations when the relay occurs fault. The secondary CT current is the output of the current transformer which is on the primary side worth 0.769 A, on the secondary value of 0.787 A. The setting current is 0.3 A or 30% greater with assumption : circuit transformator (CT) error (10%), excitation current (1%), mismatch (4%), and safety factor (5%), lead error (10%). Differential relay can work when the differential current is greater than the current setting, the relay will order the circuit breaker for the trip, to determine the performance and testing of differential relay it is simulated with ETAP 12.6.


Objectives There have been several previous studies showing that ciclosporin, a ligand for cyclophilin D (CypD), reduces mitochondrial permeability transition (mPT) and ameliorates delayed neuronal death. NIM811 is a non‐immunosuppressive ciclosporin derivative that also inhibits mPT, but has significantly less cytotoxicity than ciclosporin. Actually, in animal experiments, several investigators have reported that NIM811 ameliorates central nervous system disorders, such as traumatic brain injury, transient focal cerebral ischaemia and spinal cord injury. Therefore, we evaluated whether the ciclosporin derivative, NIM811 reduces mPT and ameliorates delayed neuronal death in the hippocampal CA1 sectors in mice when subjected to transient forebrain ischaemia.


In the European Union, borders are largely communitised. With the creation of the European Border and Coast Guard standing corps, their Europeanisation has reached its temporary climax in the expansion of the Frontex mandate decided in 2019. This standing corps of 10,000 Frontex border guards (until 2027) is to be used for border controls, repatriations and work against human trafficking. For the first time, the European agency not only receives extensive resources, but also executive powers at the external borders of the European Union. The creation of the standing corps marks a paradigm shift in the European Union – it means the de facto establishment of a European border police. This border police is uniformed, armed, and has genuine border police tasks and executive powers previously reserved for the bodies of European nation states. Theoretically, this milestone of deepening Europeanisation can be classified as the result of supplementary institutionalisation. How the standing corps is formed, with which discourses and symbols the establishment of the border police is accompanied, and why it can be understood as supplementary institutionalisation, is the subject of this contribution.


There has been a great deal of interest in quality and reliability in recent years. Researchers have defined these 'system' measures specifically for use within their discipline. However, some of these definitions are incompatible when applied to other areas. The purpose of this paper is to define quality and reliability for use in all disciplines. By using a discipline-independent method to define these measures, a working definition of quality and reliability can be found. Linear graph models will help establish the definition and relationship.


The invention relates to a separant for an asphalt pavement construction machine. The separant comprises vegetable oil, an emulsifier and water. The vegetable oil and the emulsifier are firstly prepared into emulsified oil, and then the emulsified oil and the water are prepared into the separant. The weight ratio of the vegetable oil to the emulsifier in the emulsified oil is 100: 10-16. The weight ratio of the emulsified oil to the water in the separant is 1: 6-16. The weight ratio of the emulsified oil to the water in the separant for a rubber wheel device is 1: 8-10, and the weight ratio of the emulsified oil to the water in the separant for a transportation vehicle is 1: 10-12. The separant disclosed by the invention has the beneficial effects that the separant mixed solution are stable in performance, is not dissolved in asphalt, good in the separation effect, simple in the preparation method is simple, and low in the construction cost.


ABSTRACT: This article deploys Alasdair MacIntyre's Aristotelian virtue ethics, in which meaningfulness is understood to supervene on human functioning, to bring empirical and ethical accounts of meaningful work into dialogue. Whereas empirical accounts have presented the experience of meaningful work either in terms of agents' orientation to work or as intrinsic to certain types of work, ethical accounts have largely assumed the latter formulation and subjected it to considerations of distributive justice. This article critiques both the empirical and ethical literatures from the standpoint of MacIntyre's account of the relationship between the development of virtuous dispositions and participation in work that is productive of goods internal to practices. This reframing suggests new directions for empirical and ethical enquiries.


The Nazi seizure of power in January 1933 caught the Ligue des droits de l'homme by surprise. The Ligue debate on how to respond to Nazism breathed new life into the war guilt debate. Increasingly, the Ligue's gaze was directed forward to how to deal with Nazism, rather than backwards to a debate on the Great War, but its political analysis continued to be inspired by a reading of the meaning of the Great War. Both minority and majority initially failed to understand the sea change that Nazism represented, but the minority was transfixed by the idea that resistance to Nazism was going to require a new Union sacrée and the division of Europe into antagonistic blocs. Much of the minority's opposition to this was the belief that France was complicit in the rise of Nazism. The threat of domestic French fascism was also a major preoccupation.