The Tunisian protest movement that led to the fall of President Ben Ali is notable for its apparent lack of formal leadership. Of course, the national trade union confederation, the UGTT (Tunisian General Labor Union), supported collective action once it had been launched by a young out-of-work generation and assumed a popular, non-partisan dimension mobilising all social categories. The UGTT was not however, the force behind the escalation of this event from a local conflict in Sidi Bouzid to an event of national significance. The protest movement became politicized and took on national significance largely as a result of amplification through information and communication technologies. We should not lose sight however, of the fact that the ?success? of the popular uprising was due in many important ways to a ?palace revolution? led by the army and supported by certain elements among the reigning oligarchs.


PURPOSE
To assess the attenuation of the adrenal gland with computed tomography (CT) before and after multiple phases of contrast enhancement in both control subjects and patients with adenomas and nonadenomas.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
Seventy-two patients with 78 adrenal masses (41 adenomas, 37 nonadenomas) underwent helical CT. Forty subjects served as controls. Unenhanced CT was performed followed by enhanced CT at 30, 60, 90, and 180 seconds and 30 minutes.

RESULTS
At unenhanced CT, mean attenuation was 4 HU +/- 16 for adenomas compared with 37 HU +/- 12 for the nonadenomas (P < .001) and 24 HU +/- 3 for normal glands. Although the mean attenuation of nonademonas was significantly greater than that of adenomas on 60- and 90-second scans (P < .001), there was greater overlap in attenuation of the adenomas and nonadenomas than on unenhanced images. At 180 seconds, nonadenomas had higher attenuation than adenomas (73 HU +/- 17 vs 41 HU +/- 18; P < .001). At 30 minutes, all adenomas had attenuation less than 37 HU, whereas all nonadenomas had attenuation greater than 41 HU.

CONCLUSION
Delayed-enhanced CT scans obtained 30 minutes after administration of contrast material can enable differentiation of adenomas and nonadenomas.


These essays throw light on some more shadowy areas of book trade history, revealing tricksters, villains, even murderers, who have practised deception in the written and printed word, from the 12th century to more recent times. This work also covers aspects of all the great forgers - Wise, Prokosch, Hofmann and others.


The study formulates hypotheses for a more extensive historical examination of the connections and relations of names and translation within the Hungarian cultural heritage. It highlights that literary and non-literary (that is, of other types of texts) translation practices are more closely related than previously suggested by the cultural sciences of the 20th century. This is supported by the practices, strategies, and versions of Hungarian literary and non-literary translations, although the context of a literary work often puts a special emphasis on the name (proper names) and in some cases encourages methods that are rare or unusual in non-literary texts. In this case, however, it is not the translation orthe translator that acts differently, but the name, because the relationship between text (work of art) and language is different in literature than in other cultural texts, and the translation seeks to maintain and mediate this relationship. Hungarian literary studies have not dealt extensively with the issues of name translation. However, the concept and phenomenon of names has played and continues to play a significant role in thinking about literary translation (in theories of literary translation). This is illustrated, for example, by how practical experiences with translating names, like the "translation" (Magyarization) of names and costumes in plays, encouraged a rethinking of the relationship between translation and identity beginning in the 19th century (through the metaphor of a name as clothing). In addition, the highly metaphorical language of translation studies was deeply influenced by autonomasia (Hungarian Shakespeare, Hungarian Molière etc.), which played a significant role in depicting the elusive relationship between original and translation, author and translator.


A spin chuck detecting apparatus for a spin coating apparatus is provided to verify the normal assembly of a spin chuck in the process of assembling components after checking out or cleaning the apparatus. A spin chuck(10) sucks a wafer using vacuum pressure. A rotary shaft(20) is positioned under the spin chuck, and is rotated by a motor. An upper end of the rotary shaft is operatively connected to the spin chuck. A stationary shaft(12) of the spin shuck is enclosed by a shaft guide(30). A detection unit(40) detects insertion of the stationary shaft into the shaft guide. A controller(50) determines an assembled state of the spin chuck based on the signal output from the detection unit. An alarm unit notifies an operator of the assembling state.


Triangulation is an efficient way to simplify and unify interference problems, such as hidden line and surface elimination and Boolean shape operations in solid modeling. Almost all of the processing relevant to a triangle can be performed by computing some 4 x 4 determinants. The author proposes a hardware processor (TRIANGLE PROCESSOR) that quickly intersects a triangle with a point, a line segment, or another triangle. Various applications of the TRIANGLE PROCESSOR are explained in this paper, including applications to face and volume triangulations.The author stresses that the triangulation approach and the TRIANGLE PROCESSOR simplify, speed up and unify various types of processing relating to interference.


Increased demand for soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] production for industrial, human, and animal consumption has provided many incentives for farmers and producers to increase their production. In many soils used for soybean production, phosphorus (P) becomes a major limiting factor to soybean growth and grain production. A field experiment was conducted in five locations across Eastern South Dakota in 2013 to study the response of soybean yield and yield components to phosphorus fertilizer applications. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block (RCB) design with four replications. The treatments consisted of five P levels 0, 20, 40, 60, and 80lb/ac of triple superphosphate. Data for yield and yield components were collect and analyzed with several statistical methods including linear mixed model approaches and Additive Model and Multiplicative Interaction effect (AMMI) methods. There was no evidence showing that P had significant impacts on grain yield and yield components. P by environment (PE) interactions were not significant for all traits except whole pod weight. Large variation in yield and yield components were attributed to environmental conditions. Plant height, 100-pod weight, and seed weight of 100pod had positive and significant correlations with yield in three locations; Geddes, Mitchell, and Bancroft.


The purpose of this study was to increase the activeness of science learning through the use of a make a match strategy for fourth grade students of SDN 01 Munggur, Mojogedang, Karanganyar in the Academic Year 2018/2019. The research method used is a qualitative descriptive method with Classroom Action Research. The research subjects were all grade IV students at SDN 1 Munggur, Mojogedang Karanganyar. In collecting data, the method used is the method of observation, documentation, and testing. Data analysis techniques using interactive inductive models, namely data reduction, data display and conclusion drawing. The results showed that learning with the make a match strategy could increase the activity of learning in science learning in fourth grade elementary school students, with data in the first cycle of the first meeting the number of children who scored <70 were 15 children (53.57%). In the first cycle of meeting II the number of children who scored <70 were 14 children (50%) while those who scored above 70 were 14 children (50%). In the second cycle of meeting I children who scored <70 were 8 children (28.57%) while children who scored 70 or above were 20 children (71.43%). In the second cycle of meeting II the children who scored <70 were 0 (0%) of the children who scored 70 or above as many as 28 children (100%). It shows that the application of the make a match strategy can increase the learning activities of the fourth grade students of SD N 01 Munggur. Student learning activeness towards subject matter has increased in the teaching and learning process of the second cycle after the teacher submits the subject matter with a make a match strategy.


This paper analyses the Soret and Dufour effects on hydro magnetic mixed convection stagnation point flow of a radiating and chemically reacting fluid past an isothermal vertical plate with heat generation/absorption by taking viscous dissipation into account. The governing boundary layer equations have been transformed to a two-point boundary value problem in similarity variables and the resultant problem is solved numerically using the Runge-Kutta fourth order technique along with shooting method. The effects of various governing parameters on the fluid velocity, temperature, concentration, skin-friction coefficient, Nusselt number and Sherwood number are shown in figures and tables and analyzed in detail.


Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles are emerging as promising candidates for drug delivery and biomedical imaging applications due to their ultra-fine sizes, biocompatibility and superparamagnetic properties. [1,2] However, two common problems are confronted when applying these particles for in vivo applications: [1,3,4] their destabilization due to the absorption of plasma proteins and non-specific uptake by reticular-endothelial system (RES), like macrophage cells. Due to their large surface area, when exposed in a physiology environment, magnetic nanoparticles tend to interact with plasma proteins, causing size increase that often results in serious agglomeration. These particles are also considered as an intruder by the innate immunity system and can be readily recognized and en-gulfed by the macrophage cells. In both cases, the particles will be removed from the blood circulation system and lose their function quickly, leading to dramatic reduction in efficiency in nanoparticle based diagnostics and therapeutics. To inhibit the plasma coating and escape from the RES for longer circulation times, the nanoparticles are usually coated with a layer of hydrophilic and biocompatible polymer such as dextran, [5] dendrimers, [6] polyethylene glycol (PEG), [


Bioassay was conducted with nine botanical extracts at various concentrations viz., azadirachtin 300ppm, 1500ppm, 3000ppm, 10000ppm, neem seed oil 1%, 2%, 3%, neem seed extract 5% and dashparniark 4% on Trichogrammatoidea bactrae Nagaraja (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) in completely randomized design. Assessment of these on % parasitization, reduction in parasitism and adult emergence of T. bactrae on Corcyra eggs was done. The results revealed that dashparniark (ten plant leaves extract) 4% was found safer with maximum parasitization (53.3%) and minimum reduction in parasitization (27.9%). Azadirachtin 10000ppm was found harmful resulting in reduced parasitization (12.6%) and adult emergence (32.6%); and maximum reduction in parasitism (82.9%) on Corcyra eggs was observed. Maximum % adult emergence was recorded when parasitized eggs were treated with neem seed oil 1% (64.3%).


Underwater wireless sensor networks are widely used in environmental monitoring and a variety of applications. However, underwater wireless sensor networks should be handled carefully because they have inherent disadvantages, such as long propagation delay in the acoustic signal and low-bandwidth. If using existing protocols for a terrestrial wireless network in an underwater network, performance decreases significantly, so there is a need for a new protocol. This study aims to improve performance that is reduced by a long wait time after a request to send/clear to send (RTS/CTS) transmission in the MAC protocol handshake. By utilizing the wait time after transmitting a packet, sending packets that can be transferred to a neighbor Node Can provide better performance. Experimental results show that end-to-end delay and throughput performance are significantly improved, compared to the existing well-known protocol.


This paper presents a confidence measure for speech indexing that aims to predict the indexing quality of a speech document for a Spoken Document Retrieval (SDR) task. We first introduce how the indexing quality of a speech document is evaluated. Then, we present our method to predict the indexing quality of a speech document. It is based on confidence measure provided by an automatic speech recognition system and the detection of semantic outliers implemented with the Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) model. Experiments are conducted on the French Broadcast news campaign ESTER2 in a classical SDR scenario where users submit text-queries to a search engine. Results demonstrate an overall improvement when the detection is done with the LDA model. The detection rate is always above 70%. Index Terms: speech indexing, confidence measure, spoken document retrieval, latent dirichlet allocation


. A history of previous myocardial infarction and angina pectoris was more common in women with an acute attack of myocardial infarction than in the general population of women, as were symptoms of angina pectoris and intermittent claudication. Chronic bronchitis, gallstone disease and renal stone disease were also over-represented. The women with myocardial infarction were usually inactive when taken ill. About one third of them complained of breathlessness and/or disturbance of consciousness associated with the attack. Most women with myocardial infarction had symptoms such as nausea, vomiting and cold perspiration. The infarction area was localized with about the same frequency to the anterior and posterior wall of the heart. In about half of the women the maximum registered temperature exceeded 38.0°C. The primary mortality of the women who were hospitalized was rather low (9%). The overall mortality among those who were survivors on arrival in hospital and those who died outside hospital during the first few hours or days was 30%.


Introduction Two species of Cixiidae were described from Mauritius in the 19th century, namely Brixia lunulata (Amyot & Serville, 1843) and Brixia bohemani (Stal, 1854). No further species were recorded until Synave (1958, 1960, 1961, 1965), reporting on collections made largely by J. R. Mamet, C. M. Courtois, and the author, recorded 15 more. This paper, which is based on collections made by the author during the years 1971-1973, raises the number of known species from 17 to 32. Descriptions of previously known species are amplified as necessary, 16 new species and 2 new subspecies are described, and observations on habits and distributions are given. Mauritian Cixiidae are largely endemic and closely associated with the island's native trees and shrubs. The genera represented are Brixia, which occurs throughout the Ethiopian and Oriental Regions, and in New Guinea, the Ethiopian Achaemenes and the cosmopolitan Oliarus. The first of these has undergone prolific speciation in the island and the majori ty of its known species, which number about 100, are from Madagascar (with 39 species) and the Mascarenes (with 33 species--Mauritius 26, R6union 4, Rodriguez 3). I t is to be remarked that Aselgeoides and Eumyndus, both present in R6union, appear to be absent from Mauritius. The types and paratypes of all species and subspecies described hereunder as new have been deposited in the British Museum (Natural History).


In this work, an experimental design for generation of the controllable electron density gradient is achieved through a large area oxide coated cathode and two stainless meshes. The large area oxide coated cathode is adopted to produce a large area, uniform and high density plasma, and these two metal meshes are specially designed to control the density and potential of the plasma. A boundary layer with independent electron density gradient and uniform plasma potential is subsequently generated. The controllable electron density gradient can be achieved, and the accompanied electric field can be compensated simultaneously using this design, which could be potentially extended to study the excitation of the plasma instabilities when the strong plasma density gradient exists.In this work, an experimental design for generation of the controllable electron density gradient is achieved through a large area oxide coated cathode and two stainless meshes. The large area oxide coated cathode is adopted to produce a large area, uniform and high density plasma, and these two metal meshes are specially designed to control the density and potential of the plasma. A boundary layer with independent electron density gradient and uniform plasma potential is subsequently generated. The controllable electron density gradient can be achieved, and the accompanied electric field can be compensated simultaneously using this design, which could be potentially extended to study the excitation of the plasma instabilities when the strong plasma density gradient exists.


Having students keep a diary in which they are required to reflect on course material is a proven technique for increasing student mastery of a subject. I am interested in the possibility that using instant messaging as the interface for a diary might offer advantages over a hand-written, paper diary. I discuss my initial experiences using an instant messaging diary and outline future plans for this project.


with a "small" nonlinear term f(x, y). The exact conditions satisfied by r, q, and f will be given in ??2 and 3. If r, q, and (rq)' are real-valued continuous functions on the positive x-axis, in a recent paper [1 ] Walter Leighton proved that the following conditions rq>O and (rq)' >0 for x_?0 are sufficient for the boundedness of the solutions of the linear differential equation (ry')'+qy = 0 on the positive x-axis. It is the purpose of this note to point out that, even if rq is not differentiable (in fact, even the continuity of rq is not required), under certain suitable conditions satisfied by r, q, and f as stated in Theorems 1 and 2, we still can test the boundedness of the solutions of (1) by a method which includes Leighton's method as a special case. In ?2 we assume that r, q, and f are real-valued functions; in ?3, complex-valued.


Focal encephalitis has been attributed to various causes, standard texts listing the more common agents. Generally, however, differential diagnoses do not include those agents associated with positive cold agglutination. The origin of cold agglutinins is unknown. They develop in high titer in patients with Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection but are formed at times in the absence of such infection. It is the purpose of this communication to suggest the possibility that M pneumoniae or related agents may be causally related to severe prolonged focal encephalitis, without pneumonia. Report of a Case A 12-year-old white boy was in good health until Nov 10, 1968, at which time he developed a flu-like illness with chills, rhinitis, decreased appetite, and fever. One week later he was still febrile and was treated for two days with tetracycline (dosage unknown). The following day he developed slurred speech, lost control of his balance, was incontinent of urine,


White oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) is one of the fungus that grows on the surface of a rotted tree trunk. Terms grow oyster mushroom is the content of protein, lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose. Sugar cane have main content of lignocellulose and moringa leaves contain high amino acids. The purpose of this research is to know effect of addition dregs of sugar cane and moringa leaves on the growth of white oyster mushroom. This research was prepared with complete randomized design (RAL) 2 factorial, 16 treatment and 2 replication. Factor 1 moringa leaves: (K0) 0 g, (K1) 50 g, (K2) 150 g, and (K3) 250 g. Factor 2 sugar cane: (Tb0) 0 g, (Tb1) 50 g, (Tb2) 150 g, and (Tb3) 250 g. The parameters measured were the rate of spreading of mycelium, the amount of body away, and the wet weight of white oyster mushroom. Data were tested using one way anava. The results showed that the most rapid rate of mycelium growth in K0Tb3 treatment (0 moringa leaves and 250 g sugar cane) was 28 days. The largest number of fruit body in the treatment of K0Tb3 (0 moringa leaves and 250c sugar cane) was average 17.75. The highest wet weight in the K0Tb3 treatment (0 moringa leaves and 250 g sugar cane) was average 302.5 g. This shows that the nutrient content in moringa leaves and sugar cane can give effect to the productivity of white oyster mushroom.

Keywords: Pleurotus ostreatus, moringa leaves, sugar cane, productivity of white oyster mushroom


Large search engines process thousands of queries per second against their collections of billions of web pages. They often build inverted indexes for their collections to speed up query processing. The rapidly growing inverted index size has been one of the most important challenges for search engines in the past decade. Search engines use highly optimized compression schemes to decrease inverted index size and improve query throughput. Many index compression techniques have been studied in the literature.
Although millions of new web pages need to be downloaded by search engines every day, a considerable proportion of them share a lot of content. This results in a huge amount of data redundancy in both web pages and inverted indexes. The redundancy of the inverted indexes may significantly slow down query processing. Although many index compression methods have tried to reduce redundancy within page and postings, they could be improved significantly by taking better advantages of similarities between web pages. Also, most previous work has focused on compressing docID and frequency information stored in the index. However, it is also very important to compress position information in the index, since its size is much larger than that of docIDs or frequencies.
In this thesis, we focus on inverted index compression and query processing techniques. We study compression techniques for docIDs and frequencies with optimized document reordering techniques, which exploit the similarities between web pages. We also study the compression of position data in inverted indexes. In addition, we study file synchronization techniques that reduce redundant data transfer over networks. Search engines can use such techniques to save a large amount of network bandwidth. Our experimental results show that our techniques can significantly improve the search engine performance.


ABSTRACT In this paper we revisit some ideas of the early work by Ángel Rivière that not only marked his later research but anticipated an approach that, in essence, is still valid and reflects current advances in our understanding of autism as a developmental condition primarily affecting social interaction and communication. More specifically we focus on how: (1) his insights on the possible alteration of early interaction programmes of infant/adult communication both determined his own later research and preceded evidence impossible to obtain at the time; (2) his view on the early symbolization at the end of infancy shaped an incipient approach that identified a key semiotic dimension for the diagnosis and intervention in autism; (3) his early constructivist model integrated the best of Piagetian and Vygostkian constructivisms and is still compatible with modern neuroconstructivism, balancing the input of 'nature and nurture' in the study of communication and its neurodevelopmental disorders.


Abstract This article considers an experience of Gypsy identity in order to critique the convention that focuses on the benefits of community, while downplaying the inherent tensions between individual expression, freedom and the constraints and limitations of community life. The critique of community will be furthered via an exploration of cultural/ethnic identity formation, looking at self-ascription and intersectionality. Related to this, story telling as a means of transmitting identity and how this relates to 'truth' is also addressed. This analysis will be the basis of a proposal that marginality, via identity, although a powerful space, maintains what Hall (1991) described as 'weak power'; marginality becomes an asset that is gained at the cost of confirming and extending marginality. I will move from the particular identity example (Gypsies) and examine the wider prevalence of 'weak power', looking at how the social construct that is 'community', while propagating solidarity and fraternity, promotes social insularity and forms of discrimination and prejudice.


The research aims to describe type of errors according surface strategy taxonomy are made by the students in using passive voice, to examine the source of errors done by the students.
 This research applied descriptive was done in SMA I Wonosari. The writer took second grade students (XI IPA1) as the subject of the study. In collecting the data, the writer uses a test as an instrument. The test consists 20 items. In analyzing data the writer use descriptive method that includes collecting data, identifying error from the student's answer sheets, classifying the data concerning to the passive voice based on the surface strategy taxonomy, arranging the data into table, calculating the frequency and determining the sources of errors.
 The result of the study shows that the total errors made by the students is 223 out of the 800 student's answers. The students errors are divided into four categories, omission: 61 (27,3%), addition: 14 (6,3%), misformatin: 98 (43,9%). Misordering: 50 (22,5%). The highest frequency of errors is misformation and the lowest frequency of errors is addition. The dominant sources of errors are interlingual transfer and intralingual transfer. This research show that the students still make errors in using passive voice and they need improvement to develop their skill especially in learning passive voice.


A study is made of the issues surrounding prediction of microchannel flows using the direct simulation Monte Carlo method. This investigation includes the introduction and use of new inflow and outflow boundary conditions suitable for subsonic flows. A series of test simulations for a moderate-size microchannel indicates that a high degree of grid under-resolution in the streamwise direction may be tolerated without loss of accuracy. In addition, the results demonstrate the importance of physically correct boundary conditions, as well as possibilities for reducing the time associated with the transient phase of a simulation. These results imply that simulations of longer ducts may be more feasible than previously envisioned.


The Development of Specialized Documentation Competence in Translation Students across their Training Translating specialized texts requires specific competences that involve acquiring knowledge about the domain, about the terminology and about the textual genre and stylistic conventions present in source and translation texts. In this process, specialized documentation is crucial because it allows to compensate the lack of expert knowledge by searching for information in specialized documentation sources and helps solving a great part of translation problems. This article explores the development of specialized documentation competence in translation students of a Chilean university across their training. Second, third and fourthyear students carried out two tasks involving thematic and terminological documentation of a medical research article. Results showed that more advanced students are able to identify more relevant resources, to better judge their reliability and to perform more complex search strategies, associated to different stages of the translation process. The better performance se n deba r · artículos originales Fernández-Silva, S., & Folch Cañete, B. El desarrollo de la competencia de documentación especializada... 160 of the advanced group is explained by their broader experience in specialized translation practice.


Variability of vowels in three languages with small vowel inventories (Russian, Japanese, and Spanish) was explored. Three male speakers of each language produced vowels in two‐syllable nonsense words (VCa) in isolation and three‐syllable nonsense words (gaC1VC2a) embedded within carrier sentences in three contexts: bilabial stops in normal rate sentences and alveolar stops in both normal and rapid rate sentences. Dependent variables were syllable duration and formant frequency at syllable midpoint. Results showed very little variation across consonant and rate conditions in formants for /i/ in Russian and Japanese. Japanese short /u, o, a/ showed fronting (F2 increases) in alveolar context, which was more pronounced in rapid sentences. Fronting of Japanese long vowels was less pronounced. Japanese long/short vowel ratios varied with speaking style (isolation versus sentences) and speaking rate. All Russian vowels except /i/ were fronted in alveolar context, but showed little change in either spectrum or ...


At present,in China,we have gotten some theoretical achievement and rich practical experience about the fire safety of shantytown.But there are still some hidden danger.In order to settle these danger and problem,the guidance of the government is required,the responsibility of management should be clarified,every department should cooperate harmoniously,and we need to establish perfect fire safety mechanism,aiming to strengthen the fire safety management of shantytown.


Call me silly. In fact, call me terminally silly. For despite Justice Scalia's remarkably confident claim, I believe, and shall try to prove below, that the Romer Court majority opinion invalidating Colorado's Amendment 2 was right both in form and in substance, both logically and sociologically. I stress "form" and "logic" at the outset because I share Justice Scalia's belief in the importance of these things in constitutional adjudication. I also share his commitment to constitutional text, history, and structure, and his suspicion of "free-form" constitutionalism.2 And so I shall highlight the text, history, and spirit of a constitutional clause that though not explicitly invoked by the Romer majority clarifies and supports the majority's theory: the Article I, section 10 Attainder Clause.3 My claim is not that the Equal Protection Clause, relied upon by the Romer Court, was incapable of doing the work; but that the sociology and principles underlying the Attainder Clause


Michael I. Goran, PhD University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA I am delighted to assume the position of Editor of The International Journal of Pediatric Obesity and would like to take this opportunity to lay out my vision for taking this journal to new heights. But fi rst, I must give a very large and enormous thank you to Louise Baur, our inaugural Editor, who launched this journal and successfully established it as an important resource in childhood obesity research. That was no easy task. Louise was ably assisted by Sandra Harris who managed many of the critical day-to-day tasks and to whom we all must be extremely grateful. Also, I would like to thank the International Association for the Study of Obesity (IASO) who manage this journal and for trusting me to take over as Editor. Also, I would also like to introduce Emma Graham who is our new editorial assistant and will be managing the day-to-day activities working out of the IASO offi ce in London. IASO is working hard to streamline the journals that they own and manage and I believe that the shared management of the journals through the London offi ce will be a tremendous asset and improve the effi ciency and quality of the editorial support and the publications themselves under the general oversight of Chris Trimmer, Executive Director of IASO. Thanks to my predecessors I have taken over this journal in a healthy state, but I aim to take it to even greater heights. My goal is to make International Journal of Pediatric Obesity the " go-to-place " for the latest and best research in childhood obesity at the global level. Covering a rapidly growing research fi eld with a highly relevant and important global reach will be no easy task. An initial goal will be to take the journal to a monthly production so that we can publish more papers and do a better job in keeping our journal papers up to date with the very best and latest research. In 2010, we received 402 submissions (332 original papers, 39 brief reports, 29 reviews and two editorials/commentaries), and of these we published 75 papers, representing just a 19% acceptance rate. Moving forward, I anticipate an increase in submissions as the research fi eld grows. In order to be able to publish more papers, I will encourage


The GH3039 nickel-based superalloy was experimentally studied by pulse laser welding process.Good welded joints can be obtained by using appropriate processing parameters.The parameters are:working current I=240 A,pulse width w=6 ms,frequency f=14 Hz,welding speed v=105 mm/min,defocusing distance F=3 mm,air flow h=3 L/min.The microstructures were observed by optical microscopy and the properties were analyzed by tensile test,hardness measurement.The results show that the microstructure of the welded joint mainly consists of austenitic matrix,fine equiaxed grains in the centre and columnar crystal on the edge.The hardness of the weld center is higher than that of the base metal.The lamellar morphology of the welded joint is formed by the interruption effect of pulse laser.


A reversed-phase HPLC analysis without preextraction was carried out for rapid determination of sodium benzoate and potassium sorbate which were added as preservatives to different samples commercially available in Syrian Arab Republic local markets such as tomato sauce, soft drink, beverages and energy drink.


A topological argument similar to that of Leinaas and Myrheim implies that a non-trivial statistical phase factor can also arise from exchanging twice a pair of distinguishable particles in two dimensions. Some general properties of this phase factor are deduced. Wilczek's model for anyons and the Laughlin theory for the quasiparticles in the fractional quantum Hall ground states are examined in light of these properties, and the former is generalized for systems containing many species of anyons. The statistical properties of holons and spinons relative to each other are briefly discussed as an example.


CHEMISTRY Correction for "An organometallic route to long helicenes," by Petr Sehnal, Irena G. Stara, David Saman, Milos Tichy, Jifi Misek, Josef Cvacka, Lubomir Rulisek, Jana Chocholousova, Jaroslav Vacek, Grzegorz Goryl, Marek Szymonski, Ivana Cisafova, and Ivo Stary , which appeared in issue 32, August 11, 2009, oiProc Nati Acad Sci USA (106:13169-13174; first published July 24, 2009; 10.1073/pnas.0902612106). The authors note that due to a printer's error, the legend for Scheme 2 appeared incorrectly in part. The absolute configuration prefixes appeared as lower-case letters but should have been capitalized. Additionally, part of the legend for Scheme 3 did not appear. The schemes and their corrected legends appear below.


The invention relates to a microelectronic device and a manufacturing method of a micro-electromechanical resonator thereof. The manufacturing method of the micro-electromechanical resonator comprises the following steps of: firstly forming a laminated main body with a part to be suspended, wherein the laminated main body comprises a silicon substrate, multiple metal layers, an isolated layer and a first etching channel, the first etching channel extends from the multiple metal layers into the silicon substrate, and the isolated layer is filled in the first etching channel; then removing a part of the isolated layer to form a second etching channel, wherein the remaining part of the isolated layer covers on the side wall of the first etching channel; and then isotropically etching the silicon substrate through the second etching channel by taking the isolated layer covering on the side wall of the first etching channel as a mask so as to form the micro-electromechanical resonator suspended on the silicon substrate. The manufacturing method of the micro-electromechanical resonator can be integrated with a manufacturing process of a CMOS (Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Transistor) circuit so as to simplify the manufacturing process of the microelectronic device, thereby further reducing the production cost of the microelectronic device. Besides, the invention also provides the microelectronic device.


Background: In this study an attempt was made to evaluate the effects of using denture liners on the oral mucous membrane of the denture bearing area.
Materials and methods: A sample of 36 patients coming to the clinic of the college of Health and Medical Technology were included in the research, and three types of denture liners were used (Hard process or heat cured, cold cured acrylic and soft liner).
Results: Soft liner exhibited viscoelastic behavior that lead to improvement in masticatory function, patients comfort compared with heat and cold cured liners. Soft liners had the least effects on the mucosa of denture bearing area, while heat cured liners showed little changes on the mucosa and high influences on the soft tissues properties by cold cured liners.
Conclusion: Denture hygiene was found poor in cold cured liners, fair in both hard processed and soft liners.


Abstract So often the early history of photography must be laboriously tracked down in journals of the period, and a dogged sleuth counts himself lucky to find a single reference of merit. Such meagre rations never satisfy the appetite, but are easier to cope with than over-abundance. The rare luxury provided here of direct comparison between two magazine descriptions of the Daguerre monument in France reveals some startling discrepancies in their accounts.


Two hundred GPS based surface soil samples, taken from a soil depth of 0-15 cm from all 15 blocks of district Agra, Uttar Pradesh covering a distance of 5 km each, were collected during April and May 2010. The available S, Zn, Fe, Cu, Mn and B were analyzed in the collected soil samples. The results indicated that all the blocks showed the deficiencies of S, Zn and B to the extent of 17 to 33%, 14 to 50% and 14 to 33%, respectively. Striking the block Pinahat (66%) and Fatehpur Sikri (33%) were deficient with available iron. Considering the Agra district as a whole, the deficiencies of S, Zn, B and Fe were 25.0, 34.0, 24.0 and 9.50%, respectively. No deficiencies of Cu and Mn were observed under study.


THE INVENTION CONCERNS A DETECTION DEVICE WITH INTRUDER IN A BOX WITH AT LEAST ONE WINDOW, DETECTOR PASSIVE INFRARED RADIATION SENSING D1 ISSUED BY AN INTRUDER AROUND A WAVELENGTH L AND DEVICE DETECTING antimasking, USING INFRARED RADIATION WAVELENGTH L, THE EXISTENCE OF A MASK OF iNTRUDER DETECTION DEVICE, AND ELECTRONIC MEANS FOR tRIGGER AN ALARM WHEN THE PRESENCE OF AN iNTRUDER HIDING OR HAS BEEN DETECTED. IT IS REMARKABLE IN THE DETECTION DEVICE HAS INTRUDER DETECTION MEANS FOR HIDING LOCATED SHORT AND LONG DISTANCE AND MEANS self-audit. A MASK IS DETECTED, INTER ALIA WITH A MIRROR PLACE TO END AREA STARTING UNDER SUPERVISION WHICH REFERS RADIATION L ISSUED BY THE ISSUER, TO A SENSOR LOCATED BOTH VERY NEAR THE SENSOR RADIATION WAVE LENGTH L APPLICATION:.. INFRARED iNTRUDER DETECTION SYSTEM PROTECTION DEVICES


Agricultural vehicles on public roads can pose risks to their drivers and to drivers of other vehicles. Proper lighting and marking increase visibility of the farm equipment. This 6-page publication summarizes agricultural equipment lighting and marking standards. Written by Serap Gorucu, Charles Brown, and Carol Lehtola, and published by the UF/IFAS Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, revised February 2021.


The aim of this study is to extract salient features from EEG signals that reflect the process control operator functional state. The EEG feature extraction process contains two stages. Firstly, the segmented EEG signals are decomposed into IMFs via empirical mode decomposition. And then Welch's method for power spectrum estimation is applied to four lower-order IMFs, of which the frequency ranges from 0.5 to 30 Hz. After that the features, including peak frequency, peak power, gravity frequency, absolute power and relative power of the IMFs are calculated. The correlations between features and operator task load, subjective mental workload measurements are analyzed and the features significantly relating to operator functional state are selected.


Background: Bruising is one of the most common adverse events following administration of enoxaparin sodium, which can lead to unpleasant consequences such as reduced access to various sites for injection, reduced satisfaction of patients from treatment and care provided. Cold application is helpful for better management of these side effects which could be easily accessible and economical for the patients. Cold application appears to be cheaper and easily available. Aim: The purpose of this study was to identify the effectiveness of ice pack application on level of pain and bruise formation among patients receiving subcutaneous low molecular weight heparin. Method: Quasi experimental nonequivalent control group posttest only design was adopted. The population comprised of 60 patients receiving subcutaneous low molecular weight heparin from selected hospitals of Pune. Sample of the study were 60 patients receiving subcutaneous low molecular weight heparin patients selected by convenient sampling. The patients in experimental group were provided with ice pack application before receiving subcutaneous low molecular weight heparin to reduce the level of pain and bruise formation. Data was collected by using numerical pain scale, visual analog scale and transparent ruler scale.
Result: The study findings showed that average numerical pain score in experimental group was 3.87 and 6.33 in control group. Bruise size was measured in cm. In experimental group Average bruise formation size was 0.0233 after 24 hours of injection, 0.1633 after 48 hours of injection and 0.1766 after 72 hours of injection compared to control group 0.2733 after 24 hours of injection, 0.3933 after 48 hours of injection and 0.4066 after 72 hours of injection. There is significant difference in mean scores of experimental and control group. Conclusion: The findings of the study shows that the ice pack application is effective in reducing the level of pain and bruise formation among patients receiving


We present a microfluidic device for immunoassays based on microparticle labeling using microvalve-control structures. Programmable microvalve control in a multilayer structure provides automated sample delivery, adjustable hydrodynamic washing and diverse substrate compatibility. Antibody derivatized surfaces within the processor capture the target antigen, and magnetic microspheres conjugated with a detection antibody are used as labels in a capture-sandwich format. We demonstrate automated microfluidic immunoassays for mouse immunoglobulin (IgG) and human prostate specific antigen (PSA) with limits of detection (LOD) of 1.8 and 3 pM, respectively.


Machined alumina containing 20 vol% SiC whiskers have been subjected to various heat-treatments. The effect on local fracture stress has been investigated as a function of crack-healing temperature and time. By heating at 1673 K for 10 h, the machined specimen was fractured not from the cracks introduced by the hard machining but from the other region. Thus, it was concluded that the machining cracks were completely healed by this heat treatment. Moreover, the strength at elevated temperatures of the healed samples exhibited similar properties to the healed polished samples. It can be demonstrated that the crack-healing was useful for an increase in the strength of machined ceramics economically.


Based on a phenomenological model with s ± or s -wave pairing symmetry, the spatially resolved nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxation rate in the iron pnictides is investigated by solving Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations. Taking into account the presence of a magnetic field, our result for the s ± pairing is in qualitative agreement with recent NMR experiments, while for the s -wave pairing, a coherence peak shows up right below T c in apparent contradiction with experimental observations, thus excluding the s -wave pairing. We also propose that the spin-lattice relaxation rate (SLRR) should follow an exponential relation when the temperature is lowered below T/T c ≈ 0 . 1 down to 0 . 01. It is noted that the SLRR cannot be entirely determined by the local density of states; the mixed state effect and multiorbital physics must be considered.


Abstract We consider two annular elliptic light guides, one whose guiding region cross-section is bounded by two confocal ellipses (CFEG) and the other whose guiding region is bounded by two concentric ellipses (CEG). Using Goell's point matching method we obtain the characteristic equations and dispersion curves for these waveguides. When the dispersion curves are compared, it is found that they are steeper in the case of CFEG than in the case of CEG. It is also found that the cutoff value of the lowest order mode for the CFEG is greater than that for the CEG. This means that the CFEG supports fewer modes than the CEG.


This paper designs one current sampling circuit based on TLV2374 to detect stator windings' current of one arc permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM),and the motor is applied for the large aperture telescope mount driving the low speed telescope.To convert the samphng current to digital signals,TMS320F2812 is used to complete the converter A/D.The transformation results show that the sampling circuit can satisfy the large aperture telescope mount driving after the Kalman filtering.


Developing potential therapeutic strategies to overcome multidrug resistance (MDR) is a major challenge in cancer research. Here, we explored the use of gossypol as a chemotherapeutic agent that is effective against both v‐Ha‐ras‐transformed NIH 3T3 cells (Ras‐NIH 3T3) and their mdr equivalents (Ras‐NIH 3T3/Mdr). We found that Ras‐NIH 3T3/Mdr cells, which exhibit a strong cross‐resistance to many chemotherapeutic agents, exhibited essentially no resistance to gossypol. This study also revealed that gossypol significantly decreased mdr‐1 and mdr‐3 mRNA expression in Ras‐NIH 3T3/Mdr cells. However, the rhodamine assay indicated that P‐glycoprotein is not likely to be a major mechanism of the chemotherapy sensitization by gossypol. While both cell lines can be growth arrested, cell death is apoptotic in the Ras‐NIH 3T3 cells but mixed necrotic and apoptotic in the Ras‐NIH 3T3/Mdr cells. More notably, gossypol preferentially induced autophagy in Ras‐NIH 3T3 cells but not in Ras‐NIH 3T3/Mdr cells, suggesting that defective autophagy makes MDR cells vulnerable to gossypol despite being resistant to G2/M block. Taken together, these results suggest that gossypol could be an effective anticancer agent to treat malignancies that are resistant to conventional therapies, either used alone or in association with other autophagy‐blocking treatments.


Objective To observe the effects of pioglitazone combined with insulin on plasma adiponectin levels in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods 60 patients with type 2 diabetes were randomly divided into two groups to be treated with insulin alone (control group) or combined with pioglitazone (study group) for 12 weeks. The fasting blood glucose (FBG), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), plasma adiponectin and use of insulin were recorded before and after treatment. Results Good control of blood glucose and HbA1c was achieved in the two groups after treatment. The study group experienced significantly less daily use of insulin (P0.05) and higher plasma level of adiponectin compared to the control group (P0.05). Conclusion Treatment of type 2 diabetes with pioglitazone plus insulin was shown to result in good control of blood glucose and HbA1c, higher plasma adiponectin levels, improved sensitivity to insulin, and less use of insulin.


Despite well-perceived advancements of nanotechnology for space applications, application of nanotechnology in the aerospace industry has potential challenges in the perspectives of monitoring and accurately measuring types and levels of pollution. Nanomaterials applied for chemical nanosensors should be well characterized and designed to detect contaminant levels different from Earth's. However, a few studies have investigated the transformation and efficacy of aged nanomaterials in sensor development. The present study explored the aging effect of oxygenation, UV irradiation, and heat treatment on selected nanomaterials (i.e., GO, CNTs, ZnO nanowire, TiO2, and ZnO) in the perspective of sensing performance to detect trace contaminants. Further, GO-CNT nanocomposite thin films deposited on electrode chips were exposed to the CO2 gas contaminant, and their electrical resistance was measured. Results indicate significant changes in physicochemical properties (particle size, zeta potential, and absorbance) of the model nanomaterials under oxygenation and UV irradiation, which was further investigated on their electric resistance upon exposure to gaseous contaminants. The assessment of changes to the CO2-sensing ability of carbon-nanotube or graphene-oxide hybrid thin films suggests decreasing sensitivity under both UV irradiation and oxygenation.


ABSTRACT Data were collected from 36 does and 116 kits recorded in a 2 X 2 factorial experiment in CRD over a period of 12 weeks from artificial insemination and natural mating of 18 Newzealand white and 18 chinchilla does respectively to investigate the effect of breed and breeding system on the reproductive performance of rabbits. Analysis of data showed that breed had no significant effect (p>0.05) on most of reproductive traits measured. The statistical similarity (p>0.05) between both strains of rabbits may be attributed to indiscriminate breeding of rabbits and lack of pure breed. Percent conception was significantly (p 0.05). Breeding system had a significant effect on average kit weight when artificial insemination was practiced, while other post-partum litter traits were not significant (p>0.05). Chinchilla and Newzealand white may be selected for breeding and improvement. However, natural mating which produced significant (p


The present invention relates to a mammal Tob gene and its encoded product, its diagnosis and treatment of memory loss, amnesia and other aspects of use. The present invention further relates to pharmaceutical compositions containing protein composition Tob and health care products, as well as a screening Tob improve memory, amnesia treatment or a medicament to improve the use-related motor coordination.


ad-hoc networks have been deployed for communication where infrastructure based communications are not available (or desirable). Android OS ad-hoc networks can be employed in development of collaborative applications such as entertainment systems and mobile gaming. In addition, they facilitate ubiquitous computing in areas such as home applications where wireless sensors and actuators are embedded in consumer electronics. This paper presents an implementation of Service Discovery middleware for Android Mobile ad-hoc networks. The implementation overlays a Mobile Ad-hoc Network implementation. It further describes a routing implementation that is based on the Ad-hoc On-Demand Distance Vector protocol, with modifications to reduce control message overhead. An implementation of a Semantic approach for description of services on mobile devices, that facilitates semantic service discovery in Android OS Mobile Ad Hoc Networks is also presented. The implementation was tested by simulating the routing implementation. An Android based prototype was developed and tested on a range of devices.


With floods in March in South Africa, the fact that many South Africans live in unacceptably vulnerable circumstances was once again clear. Flash flooding, in particular, has a devastating effect on the urban poor, living in environments such as informal settlements. The bottom line is that too much or too little water can have terrible consequences in communities.


Abstract: The aims of this research are to describe the effectiveness of training in organic agripreneurship catfish processing to the breeder. This study was conducted at Gowa regency with the farmer all at once as a breeder of catfish and training as subject as many as 25 people. Four steps arrange the training method consists of Necessary identification, panning of training models, implementation and evaluation. Analysis of effectivity conducted by Comparing the knowledge value and breeder skills before and after training. Non-parametric statistics used as the methodology by using a Wilcoxon test. The results of training effectivity
show that awareness and expertise of the people are increased after the training. Also, Influence analysis indicates that the training method had given a significant influence toward the competence and knowledge of the society.


continuous climatic change. The presence of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases are extremely important to the maintenance of the earth's temperature. However, increases in the quantities of these gases—especialy carbon dioxide due to human activities—is raising concern about climatic change and global warming. The carbon dioxide(CO2) levels in the atmosphere have an affect on the global heat balance. Carbon dioxide is virtually transparent to incoming solar radiation but absorbs outgoing terrestrial infra-red radiation. This outgoing radiation that is absorbed would otherwise escape to space and result in loss of heat from the lower atmosphere. This is called the greenhouse effect. Carbon dioxide concentration in the global atmosphere is increasing due to the accelerating use of fossil fuels, the harvesting of timber, and conversion of forested lands to agricultural production. Burning cut vegetation also adds CO2 to the atmosphere, and reduces one important CO2 sink. Such continued patterns are expected to double the global CO2 c o n c e n t r a t i o n by the end of 21 century (Bolin et al. 1986). This increase means the earth's climate is likely changing. The greenhouse effect is part of the change.


Nielsen in [10] proves that reversible rings are McCoy and gives an example of a semi-commutative ring that is not right McCoy. At the same time, he also shows that semi-commutative rings do have a property close to the McCoy condition. For a monoid M , we introduce weak M -McCoy rings, which are a generalization of McCoy rings and M -Armendariz rings, and we investigate their properties. Every semicommutative ring is weak M -McCoy for any unique product monoid and any strictly totally ordered monoid M . Moreover, we prove that for an ideal I of R, if I is semi-commutative and R/I is weak M -Armendariz, then R is weak M -McCoy for any strictly totally ordered monoid M . We show that for any nonzero ring R and any monoid M , the n-by-n upper triangular matrix ring Tn(R) and the ring R[x] 〈xn〉 , where 〈xn〉 is the ideal generated by xn and n is a positive integer, are weak M -McCoy. Finally we construct various examples of weak McCoy rings by reviewing and extending some results concerning to the structure of nilpotent elements of a ring R. Mathematics Subject Classification: 16S36; 16E50


Acoustic diffusers have been applied in rooms for echo elimination and reduction of spatial variation, but perceptual effects are not fully understood. At worst, diffusive surfaces have been blamed for tonal distortion and coloration, while other studies have found high correlation between preferred concert halls and diffusive interior surfaces. Evaluating perceptual effects of diffusive surfaces presents several unique challenges. While many geometric acoustic modeling programs incorporate spatial scattering algorithms which produce perceivable differences in auralization results, and may accurately reproduce acoustic parameters of real halls, these differences are not necessarily representative of the perceptual effects of diffuser application in rooms. Accurate investigations of diffusion can be conducted using real or scale model room measurements, but equalization must be performed to isolate the independent effects of scattering and absorption. This paper presents experimental methods to objectively...


Before the existence of Islamic banking in Malaysia, the financial services activities were dominated by conventional way of lending which is interest-based lending. Since the establishment of Islamic financial services in 1962, there has been enormous growth in the Islamic products in the banking sector and expected to account for 40 per cent of total financing in Malaysia. However, Islamic banking sector is experiencing stiff competition from its counterpart, the conventional banking sectors every turn. Bank's ability to fulfil the customer requirements is claimed to be one of the essential factors to overcome this stiff competition. This study reviews the literature on the factors affecting customers' selection criteria adopting Islamic banks. The study focusses on analysing three factors that play role on customer selection for Islamic banking namely religion, social influence, and bank image. Conclusion of the literature are drawn that among the important selection criteria are religion, social influence, and bank image. This study will be useful for Islamic banks to gain more insight and maintain their existence customer, and policymakers, regulators, and the relevant stakeholders a strategize a method towards the development and growth of Malaysia Islamic banking and finance industry.


Chinese Classified Thesaurus (CCT) is one type of best practices of Chinese information retrievallanguage. As the information environment changes, vocabularies need to be advance with the time.CCT has an upgrading process to become open, semantic and linked. The article takes open‐semantic‐linked as three steps and reports the current development of CCT. In the Linked Data context, CCT hasalready transformed subject authority data into RDF datasets and experimented the technologysolution with Fuseki and TDB. In the future, CCT will focus on linked vocabulary dataset and knowledgeservice.


Educators and enthusiasts interested in graveyards and graveyard preservation will appreciate this surprisingly comprehensive text. Strangstad makes a convincing case in her opening chapter on the historical, sociological, and artistic value in preserving these early cemeteries. Subsequent chapters offer extensive information and resources for preservation efforts including organizational, ethical, and conservation issues. Multiple appendices offer information on everything from rubbings to legislation.


Books reviewed in this article:

Elizabeth Bortalaia Silva (eds), Good Enough Mothering? Feminist Perspectives on Lone Motherhood

Simon Duncan and Rosalind Edwards (eds), Single Mothers in an International Context: Mothers or Workers?

Kim England, Who Will Mind the Baby? Geographies of Child Care and Working Mothers


This study aims to infer the plan and location of the government office building in Chongju Castle in the Late Yi-dynasty. The conclusion is as follows: 1. The Chongju Castle Map(淸州邑城圖, late in the 18th century, hereinafter referred to CCM) provides the detail arrangement and location of Government Office Building in Chongju Castle. And the road structure and plan of the CCM is almost same with the present time. 2. As compared with CCM and a Chongju-land Registration Map(淸州面地籍原圖, 1913, CRM) to infer the location of the traditional government office building in Chongju Castle, the building locations of Gaek-Sa(客舍) Donghun(東軒)'s region in CCM are almost accordance with today's. But those of Byungyoung(兵營) Group's region are represented by a little error. So the locations of Byungyoung(兵營) Group's region rearranged, moved down to be in accordance with the approach circulation of Main Gate(閉門樓) which is shown in CRM. 3. The records, on the plan of the traditional government office building in Chongju Castle, have proved that the plan of Gaek-Sa was a width of 11 bay and a depth of 2 bay. A width of 3 bay drawn in CCM, the present plan of Donghun is a width of 7 bay and a depth of 4 bay. The main building and especially the double-storied Main Gate() of Byungyoung Group are exactly in keeping with the present road structure.


The structure and properties(molecular vibration,thermodynamics,activity and stability) of(Z)-Epoxysuccinic Acid(ESA) have been studied by DMol3.And the parameters of the geometry,atomic net charges,and the atomic frontier electron densities are obtained.The calculated results show that ESA is active to get electron,and oxygen atom in the epoxy group is the electrophilic reaction site.


Modern branches of chemical production, which are associated with the development of light industry, cosmetology, pharmacy, will require the introduction of new materials and coatings with increased corrosionresistance and thermal protection properties. Possible ways to solve this important scientific and technical problem include finding resource-saving technologies, for which the authors consider the use of promising raw materials to create new composite coatings. These promising materials include ash microspheres of aluminosilicate composition, which are waste from thermal power plants operation. The coating is applied by electric arc method on a steel substrate with carbon steel grade A284Gr.D (Cт3) (GOST 380-2005). For their formation, continuously stretched welding wires of ferrite-perlite structure of brand 1066 (65Г) (GOST 14959-79) and low-carbon welding wire of brand ER346 (Св-08) (GOST 2246-70) were used. The aim of the work is the theoretical and experimental studies of corrosion resistance and heat-protective properties of coatings.The corrosion resistance of coatings in naphthalene medium has been experimentally studied: as a result of immersion for 120... 150 days there is a change in color with the formation of an oxide film and an increase in the size of the surface pores by 10... 15%. The results of theoretical calculations of effective coefficients of thermal conductivity and thermal linear expansion for different filling with microspheres are given. The stability of thermophysical properties was experimentally confirmed by studies of heat resistance and thermal stability of coatings sprayed on a steel substrate with carbon steel grade A284Gr.D (Cт3) (GOST 380-2005), under cyclic loads at temperatures of 570 °C/ 10 °C. The obtained results highlight the feasibility of using electric arc coatings with ferrite-perlite structure of brand 1066 (65Г) (GOST 14959-79) and low-carbon welding wire of brand ER346 (Св-08) (GOST 2246-70), filled with ash microspheres of aluminosilicate composition in technologies for protection and restoration of parts and structures of chemical equipment. The scientific significance of thework includes the expansion of ideas about corrosion processes in dispersed metal-matrix coatings dispersed with inorganic microspheres and about their maximum resource under conditions of thermocyclic loads.


Based on the tourism cities,the 5A scenic areas,the northern and the southern railway of Xingjiang, the Lanxin-Longhai railway,the Qinghai-Tibet Railway,and national road transportation network,the spatial structure of intangible heritage in the northwest minority regions was analyzed by GIS. The result shows that in the large scale,the intangible cultural heritage tourism resources are highlyconcentrated,presenting a " clusterarea" characteristic in space structure; while in the micro-scale,they are relatively dispersed,due to the regional culture and environment. Besides,they mostly concentrate to the highways and national roads and cities. The based function of cites and connection usage of roads have great values in local intangible cultural heritage protection and tourism development strategy decisionmaking.


Energy consulting for private homes can make a significant contribution to achieving energy efficiency targets. The success of energy consulting, which means as much as that the consulting leads to real energy savings, depends not only on socioeconomic, environmental, structural and technical factors like income, climate or living space but also the consideration of people's habits, needs, preferences, values, attitudes etc. is substantial. Within the R&D-project "EnBe2.0" an ICT-Tool for tailor-made energy consulting for private homes has been developed. The "EnBe2.0-Toolbox" meets the multifaceted requirements of enduse energy consumers and assists energy consultants with targetgroup orientated energy consulting practices. The EnBe2.0Toolbox combines socio-scientific and technological knowledge and forms an interdisciplinary decision and communication supporting tool. On the one hand it provides the basics for targetgroup oriented communication and on the other hand it supports energy consultants to select customized energy saving actions. With the help of the toolbox, its pre-selected actions based on the customers' needs and its concrete suggestions how to carry out a target-group oriented communication and its provided example sentences energy consultants get a useful tool for their consulting practice. The toolbox supports to communicate selected measures in a way that directly addresses the advised person and hence leads to higher actual energy savings. This paper gives an overview about the functionality of the EnBe2.0-Toolbox and highlights the target group orientated communication.


The article on the basis of documentary materials for the first time presents the main steps in the history of the Mari translations of the gospel in the Vyatka province in the light of the activities of the Russian Bible society. The translations were started in December 1820 on the initiative of the leadership of the Vyatka diocese and were carried out by the parish clergy in two counties: in Yaransk the gospel of Matthew was translated, whereas in Urzhumsky the gospel of Mark. The Yaranskiy translation was made in 1821 by S. Bobrovsky, who was a priest in the village Pizhemskоya; the Urzhumskiy translation was completed in 1822, and performed in parts by multiple translators, including the priests K. Ushnurski from the village Toral and A. Popov from the village Yuledur. Both translations were sent for consideration to the metropolitan Committee of the Bible society in early July 1823. The article provides brief biographical information of the translators. In addition, an idea is given of the attempts undertaken in the Vyatka diocese to use translations of Christian texts into the Mari language made outside of the region. In particular, in 1820-1821, a translation of the Liturgy of John Chrysostom was tested in parishes with the Mari population, and in 1824, a suitability test began for the Vyatka Mari people of translations of the Gospel made in Kazan.


Purpose – This study's purposes were to longitudinally examine how interactivity factors as the antecedents to learner beliefs affected learners' intention to use the e-learning system and explore whether the effects on learners' usage intention of the e-learning system would change over time with increasing learners' usage experience of the system. Design/methodology/approach – This study gathered sample data from students at a comprehensive university in Taiwan. The sample data were collected in a two-stage survey and were analyzed by using the longitudinal methodology. A total of 252 students agreed to participate in this study, and 225 students effectively participated in both data collections, with a usable response rate of 89.29 percent. Data were analyzed by using structural equation modelling and multiple group analysis. Findings – Interactivity factors (controllability, responsiveness, two-way communication, and personalization) indirectly affected students' intention to use the e-learning system...


The leaf and stem bark samples of Litsea floribunda (Bl.) Gamble a medicinal tree species, endemic to the Western Ghats, a biodiversity 'hot spot' of India were subjected to soxhlet extraction, phytochemical analysis and antioxidant activity by employing in vitro screening methods. The extracts exhibiting high antioxidant activity were assessed for the hepatoprotective activity against paracetamol-induced liver damage in rats. Phytochemical analysis of the stem bark and leaf extracts indicated the presence of flavonoids, terpenoids, cardiac glycosides, tannins, saponins and reducing sugars in the hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, absolute ethanol, methanol and aqueous extracts, respectively. The in vitro antioxidant activities revealed that the absolute ethanol and the aqueous extracts of stem bark as well as leaves exhibited high activity. The aqueous (98.9± 0.7 mg/g GAE), and absolute ethanol extracts (114.8±0.2 mg/ g GAE) of leaf as well as the stem bark aqueous (112.4±0.7 mg/g GAE) and absolute ethanol extracts (117.4±0.1 mg/g GAE) extracts contained higher amount of total phenolics compared to other solvent extracts. On the basis of the IC50 values (21.5±0.8 μg/ml to 29.0±0.2 μg/ml), the leaf/stem bark absolute ethanol and the aqueous extracts were considered for hepatoprotective studies in the in vivo rat model. The absolute ethanol and aqueous leaf and stem bark extracts were administered orally to 11 groups of animals in two doses (250 and 500 mg/kg b.w) with hepatotoxicity induced by paracetamol (2 mg/kg b.w.).
Silymarin (100 mg/kg b.w.), the standard drug was used as a positive control. The stem bark aqueous and absolute ethanol
extracts were effective in protecting the liver against the toxicity induced by paracetamol in rats. This was evident from the significant reduction in serum enzymes such as Serum Glutamic Pyruvate Transaminase (SGPT), Serum Glutamic
Oxaloacetate Transaminase (SGOT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), serum bilirubin, serum total proteins and liver weight against the treated group of animals. Histopathological studies conducted by sectioning of liver samples also indicated the hepatoprotective nature of the stem bark absolute ethanol and aqueous extracts with moderately dilated hepatic vein and degenerated peripheral hepatocyte infiltration suggestive of reduced toxicity. The results obtained strongly indicate that the absolute ethanolic and aqueous extracts of L. floribunda stem bark has good antioxidant activity.


Aim99mTc sestamibi (MIBI) scintimammography is an established technique in the diagnosis of breast cancer. As a functional imaging technique it may offer advantages in assessing response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The aim of this study was to assess the technique's effectiveness for this purpose. MethodTwenty-six patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy for locally advanced breast cancer were monitored during the chemotherapy regime using the tumour to background ratio of MIBI. Patients were assessed clinically and by ultrasound prior to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and at the end of the chemotherapy prior to surgery and histological assessment. The tumour size was assessed each time both by clinical palpation and by ultrasound measurement. ResultsUpon completion of chemotherapy, 4 patients demonstrated uptake of MIBI. All 4 patients had significant residual disease. Three out of the remaining 22 patients had complete pathological response. The remaining 19 patients had residual disease that MIBI failed to demonstrate. ConclusionA positive MIBI scan is highly predictive of the presence of significant residual tumour upon the completion of chemotherapy. However, a negative MIBI scan does not necessarily mean that there is no residual tumour. In fact, considerable tumour may be present. Unlike ultrasound and clinical assessment, which tend to underestimate response to chemotherapy due to the presence of residual scar tissue, MIBI imaging tends to overestimate the response to chemotherapy.


A method is developed for inferring, from the consequences or outcomes of organizational decisions, an implicit choice criterion such that the organization behaves as if it were following this decision rule. The method is quantified for the case of a public bureaucracy facing discrete alternatives, and is applied in a study of the decision rules underlying freeway route selection by a state division of highways. Tests are carried out on the form of the benefit-cost calculus utilized by the bureaucracy, on the implicit evaluation of indirect benefits and costs, and on the influence of political factors on routing decisions.


This paper describe a method for identifying fault-prone modules. The method utilizes metrics transitions rather than raw metrics values. Metrics transitions are measured from the source code of consecutive versions, which is archived in software repositories. Metrics transitions should be an good indicator of software quality because they reflect how the software system has evolved. This paper exhibits a case study, which is a comparison between metrics transitions and CK metrics suite. In the case study, the metrics transitions could precisely identify fault-prone modules.


The Cameroon Fertility Survey was the basis for this analysis of infant and child mortality trends and differentials in Cameroon. Random errors omissions and incorrect dating affected the results to some extent but their influence was less strong for more recent periods. The neonatal and infant mortality rates respectively were 45.3/1000 and 102.6/1000 for the entire sample. The mortality rate between the 2nd and 5th birthday was 51.8/1000. Regional differences in infant and child mortality were marked but it was difficult to dissociate the effect of migration. Mortality was higher among children of nonmigrant mothers and much higher in children of mothers who spent their entire lives in rural areas. Ethnic groups in the east and north had the highest infant mortality rates even when maternal education and residence were controlled. The ethnic groups of the center and south and the center-south province had the lowest mortality. For all ethnic groups illiteracy of the mother was more strongly correlated to infant mortality levels than was rural residence. When urbanization and maternal education were controlled animists and Muslims had higher infant mortality rates than did Christians. The level of infant and child mortality dropped as the educational level of the parents increased. At each educational level mortality rates were lower in urban areas than in rural. Mortality was higher in children of mothers in polygamous unions and in mothers who had been in more than 1 union. The neonatal and infant mortality rates respectively were 53 and 108 for boys and 45 and 106 for girls. Mortality through age 5 was 197 for boys and 192 for girls. Infant mortality was lowest for mothers aged 20-35. After parental educational levels birth spacing was the most influential variable. If all births were spaced at least 2 years apart infant and child mortality would be about 20% lower.


The present study is an attempt to formulate and evaluate Teneligliptin hydrobromide hydrate pellets. Teneligliptin is a potent, selective DPP-4 inhibitor, which is believed to exert its actions in diabetes mellitus patients. Teneligliptin increases insulin release and decreases glucagon levels in the circulation in a glucose dependent manner. The Teneligliptin pellets were prepared by using blend of MCC, Lactose, Crospovidone and PVP K-30. Pellet formulation was optimized for formulation parameters (concentration of Crosspovidone and PVP K-30) using 32 factorial design. FTIR studies showed absence of chemical interaction between the drug and polymer. The pellets were prepared and evaluated in terms of bulk density, tapped density, angle of repose and in-vitro release study. In-vitro release of drug was compared with in-vitro release of drug from marketed formulation (Dynaglipt Tablet).


Polythiophene derivatives, which comprises a repeating unit represented by the following general formula (1): wherein R1 and R2 each independently represent a - (R3-S) p-R4 (wherein R3 represents a 1 to 4 carbon atoms the alkylene group, R4 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or an aromatic group having 5 to 6 carbon atoms, and p represents an integer of 1 or 2) has 2-9 group carbon atoms, Ar represents an optionally substituted divalent aromatic ring or a divalent aromatic moiety or heterocyclic moiety, m represents a natural number of 2 or more, and n represents 0 or a natural number of 2 or more.


Studies have suggested that clopidogrel's efficacy is weakened if it is used in combination with a proton-pump inhibitor (PPI), given that the drugs


Abstract  MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs, which participate in many biological processes. The small RNA transcriptome in the migratory locust has been characterized and 50 conserved miRNA families and 185 potential locust‐specific miRNA family candidates have been identified using high‐throughput sequencing. However, it is unclear whether miRNAs influence a wide variety of locusts' biological processes, such as growth or development. In insects, Dicer1 ribonuclease transforms miRNA precursors into mature miRNAs. Thus, using systemic RNA interference (RNAi) to silence the expression of Dicer1 in the migratory locust, Locusta migratoria, we reduced miRNA contents in the locust and disrupted two types of molt (nymph–nymph, and nymph–adult). The RNAi of LmDicer1 also resulted in a high mortality in L. migratora. Our study revealed that LmDicer1 was essential for miRNA regulation and development of L. migratoria. These results further support our notion that LmDicer1 could serve as an excellent target for developing novel strategies for controlling this important insect pest.


In the coming years, the Brazilian electric system will experience a (re)evolution, from integration with the infrastructure of information technology (IT) and communications, from which the smart metering and the application of hourly rates by posts tariffs will be one of the firsts procedures adopted in order to transform the existing network in Smart Grids and definitively change the role and the participation of the consumer in the operation of electrical system. Residential consumers can be considered the most responsible for rising the peak of load in the electric system, making the system and by consequence, the invested capital, become idle in most of the time. So, programs that encourage the application of hourly rates become important, since residential consumers do not have an alternative pricing. This Hourly White Rate will be an alternative to conventional rate, which is currently applied and will provide three different tariff energy posts during the day, which are more adherent to the actual costs of the distribution system. The application of this rate is scheduled to occur after the regulation of smart meters, which will result in an economic impact that is still unknown for the Brazilian consumer. This work proposes an initial analysis of this impact, considering the application of white rate in a sample residential and it considers the distribution of consumption per tariffs posts for various ranges of consumption for low voltage consumers.


The method used to save and restore the values of registers across function calls can affect performance and influence the design of specific instructions. This paper describes the results of an experiment that empirically evaluated six different schemes for saving and restoring registers on CISC machines. The methods do not require special hardware or interprocedural analysis to be performed. The six schemes were logically divided into two classes. Three of the techniques do not require the compiler to perform data‐flow analysis, whereas the other three schemes do. Within each class one scheme delegates the responsibility of preserving the state of the registers to the calling function. The second scheme of each class delegates the responsibility of saving the registers to the function being called. In the third scheme of the two classes, the registers are partitioned into two disjoint sets. The calling function is responsible for preserving register values in one of the sets whereas the called function is responsible for the other set. For each class the third scheme is shown to produce the most effective code.


In the past year, a rising tide of antagonism to the New Deal has formed among some economists and writers, claiming that the New Deal policies made the Great Depression worse. Is there any basis in fact to New Deal denialism? The noted economic historian Alexander Field has closely studied the period. He shows the central weaknesses of these arguments and makes a strong case that the New Deal made a remarkable contribution to the U.S. economy and the American way of life.


with core-shell type double heterostructures were synthesized using a core-shell design scheme. Among them, NiO/NiFe 2 O 4 cubic cores were obtained by calcination of Ni-Fe Prussian blue analogs (PBAs), and Zn-Co-like zeolitic imidazole frameworks (ZIFs) growed in situ around these cubic cores and were sulfided to obtain NiO/NiFe 2 O 4 @Zn 0.76 Co 0.24 S NCs. The composite has a large specific surface area of 249.66 m 2 g -1 due to the inherited structure of the two bimetallic organic frameworks. And there is a core-shell double heterogeneous synergy between the Zn 0.76 Co 0.24 S NCs and p-p heterostructured NiO/NiFe 2 O 4 , which makes the modified electrode exhibit superior electrochemical performance for Bromisoval (BVU). In addition, glutathione (GSH) was explored to significantly enhance the electrochemical activity of BVU by nucleophilic substitution binding of its own -SH with -Br on BVU, which greatly improved the sensitivity. Then, GSH was developed as a new functional monomer, and beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD) was selected as a secondary functional monomer, and molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) of BVU was prepared by CV electropolymerization to achieve a specific recognition of BVU. An electrochemical sensor based on NiO/NiFe 2 O 4 @Zn 0.76 Co 0.24 S NCs and MIP was constructed to detect BVU by DPV. Under the optimal conditions, the oxidation peak current of BVU was linear over the concentration range of 0.006-3.5 μM, with the limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) of 0.28 nm and 0.933 nm, respectively. The sensitivity reached 11.0303 μA·μM -1 ·cm -2 . The method has a wider linear range and lower detection limits compared to other assays for BVU. And the sensor showed excellent reproducibility, repeatability and stability and had been applied to the determination of BVU in human serum and cosmetics with satisfactory results.


We studied Hysiboas atlanticus reproduction through its spawning characteristics, sexual size dimorphism and mating behaviour, including courtship call. Between July 2009 and August 2011, we made monthly observations on an H. atlanticus population, in the Michelin Ecological Reserve, municipality of Igrapiuna, BA, Brazil. The species vocalized throughout all months of observation. The abundance of calling males was not related to any environmental variables analyzed. Males were significantly larger and heavier than females. This sexual dimorphism is probably related to the evolution of behaviour exhibited during oviposition, including "forward and backward" female and male movements made at the time of egg laying to align their respective vents. Egg size, number and spawning mass were not significantly related to female size. The courtship call was similar to the advertisement call, but had a larger duration, with higher number of notes, faster rate of note emission and lower sound pressure level.


A numerical simulation model was developed and employed in elemental composition determination and characterization of meteor plasma physical parameters, particularly the plasma excitation temperature and electron density, by fitting the model parameters to the emission spectrum of a bright Leonid bolide recorded in the visible spectral range. Novel model introduced in this study involves self-absorption and enables parallel optimization of tens of the parameters. We also discuss that the observed bolide spectrum is strongly dependent on observation geometry.


Abstract The aim of this article is to provide a functional analytical framework for defining the fractional powersAs{A^{s}} for -1<s<1{-1<s<1} of maximal monotone (possibly multivalued and nonlinear) operators A in Hilbert spaces. We investigate the semigroup {e-Ast}t≥0{\{e^{-A^{s}t}\}_{t\geq 0}} generated by -As{-A^{s}}, prove comparison principles and interpolations properties of {e-Ast}t≥0{\{e^{-A^{s}t}\}_{t\geq 0}} in Lebesgue and Orlicz spaces. We give sufficient conditions implying that As{A^{s}} has a sub-differential structure. These results extend earlier ones obtained in the case s=1/2{s=1/2} for maximal monotone operators [H. Brézis, Équations d'évolution du second ordre associées à des opérateurs monotones, Israel J. Math. 12 1972, 51–60], [V. Barbu, A class of boundary problems for second order abstract differential equations, J. Fac. Sci. Univ. Tokyo Sect. IA Math. 19 1972, 295–319], [V. Barbu, Nonlinear Semigroups and Differential Equations in Banach Spaces, Noordhoff International, Leiden, 1976], [E. I. Poffald and S. Reich, An incomplete Cauchy problem, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 113 1986, 2, 514–543], and the recent advances for linear operators A obtained in [L. Caffarelli and L. Silvestre, An extension problem related to the fractional Laplacian, Comm. Partial Differential Equations 32 2007, 7–9, 1245–1260], [P. R. Stinga and J. L. Torrea, Extension problem and Harnack's inequality for some fractional operators, Comm. Partial Differential Equations 35 2010, 11, 2092–2122].


Previous research has demonstrated a clear effect of linguistic context on bimodal benefit for continuous speech, implicating an interaction between low-frequency acoustic cues and top-down linguistic processing (Kong et al., CIAP 2013). However, bimodal benefit appears to be reduced for phonemic restoration (Baskent, 2012 JARO), suggesting that low-frequency facilitation of top-down processing is weakened when the speech stream is interrupted. The present study examined top-down effects in temporally interrupted speech by comparing bimodal benefit for low- and high-context sentences. Young, normal-hearing listeners were presented with City University of New York (CUNY) or Institute of Electrical and Electronics and Engineers (IEEE) sentences that were gated with silence (5 Hz, 50% duty cycle). One ear received sentences that were noise-band vocoded (8, 12, or 16 channels for CUNY; 12, 16, or 32 channels for IEEE) and the other ear received low-pass (LP) speech or LP harmonic complexes (LPHCs). Findings d...


Determination of the earliest molecular changes that occur during the process of cellular transformation is of intense interest to the field of tumor biology but represents a considerable technical challenge in that it is not normally amenable to pathological examination. As the transition from melanocyte hyperplasia to primary cutaneous melanoma often occurs within dysplastic nevi at the dermal–epidermal junction on sun exposed sites of the skin, it presents a unique opportunity to examine these initial stages of tumor progression. Aberrant changes associated with this transition can be identified via gene expression profiling using high-density DNA microarrays probed with samples prepared from melanocytic lesions or cell lines (Carr et al, 2003) or conversely using immunohistochemical staining to determine expression in tissue section microarrays from defined stages (Pacifico et al, 2004). Genes identified as being differentially expressed in this way provide prognostic markers as well as insight into the process of cellular transformation. The combination of both of these techniques were used in the report ofZhou et al (2005), in order to discover genes highly upregulated in melanocytic lesions. Comparison of metastatic tumor nodules with benign nevi has found over 190 genes potentially implicated in this process of early stage transformation, with the osteopontin gene already recognized for its involvement in transformation of a number of diverse tumor types (Wai and Kuo, 2004) showing the highest abundance of differential expression.


The power of traditional high-performance liquid chromatography with UV detection (HPLC-UV, DAD) can be readily extended by simply coupling a mass spectrometer (MS) to an existing system. In the early years of liquid chromatographic mass spectrometry (LC-MS), this coupling was considered exotic and complex. After more than 15 years of refinement, LC-MS systems are robust and easy to use, and provide specificity unattainable by any other detection scheme. With the increased analytical capability, challenges may be tackled from several different and complementary directions. This Technical Overview provides an overview to the integration of MS into your existing HPLC system, showing the analytical strengths that MS brings and the ease with which it can be added.


Foreword by KARUNA CHANANA - Karuna Chanana Preface Introduction: The Feminist Challenge to Sociology: Disenchanting Sociology or 'For Sociology'? - Sharmila Rege PART ONE: CONCEPTUAL ISSUES IN FEMINISM, ANTHROPOLOGY AND SOCIOLOGY Feminist Social Theories - Beatrice Kachuck Themes and Variations Problems with Patriarchy - Patricia Uberoi Conceptual Issues in Anthropology and Feminism PART TWO: GENDER AND SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS Section A: Family, Marriage and Kinship Single-and Dual-Earner Couples - G N Ramu Economic Status and Marital Power Who Gains from Matriliny? - Leela Dube Men, Women and Change on a Lakshadweep Island Gender and the Khasi Family Structure - Tiplut Nongbri The Meghalaya Succession to Self-Acquainted Property Act, 1984 'Feminization of the Egyptian Family' - Homa Hoodfar Impact of Egyptian Male Migration on Urban Families Section B: Work Women and Development - Raj Mohini Sethi A Profile of Active Agricultural Producers Female Participation in Farm Work in Central Kerala - C V Kala Joiners and Non-Joiners - Pat Caplan A City Suburb and Its Women's Club Section C: Education Female Sexuality and Education of Hindu Girls in India - Karuna Chanana Unequal Schooling and Social Inequality in India - Padma Velaskar Section D: State Gender in the Making of the Indian Nation-State - Maitrayee Chaudhuri Bodies of Evidence, Bodies of Rule - Judith Whitehead The Ilbert Bill, Revivalism, and Age of Consent in Colonial India Dalit Struggle, Nude Worship, and the 'Chandragutti Incident' - Linda J Epp Index


Musculoskeletal pain and resulting injury is a growing concern for sonographers. Statistics substantiate the rising trend of sonographers in pain, but prevention methods are not currently established as part of the education process or in the clinical environment. A systematic review of the literature was performed to determine whether sonographers taught to use proper body mechanics, stretching, and/or therapeutic techniques experience less pain. The results suggest that education workshops and stretching techniques have the potential to benefit sonographers. Sonographers who incorporate stretching into the work day may experience a reduction in pain. Education workshops may improve the long-term outcomes for sonographers. Additional research is necessary to determine the outcomes of the various therapeutic methods. Those methods that are proven valuable should be adopted into the sonography profession by educators and clinical sites. Managers, supervisors, physicians, and sonographers should be provided information regarding research outcomes in order to advocate for evidence-based practice changes.


The notion of fidelity susceptibility, introduced within the context of quantum metric tensor, has been an important quantity to characterize the criticality near quantum phase transitions. We demonstrate that for topological phase transitions in Dirac models, provided the momentum space is treated as the manifold of the quantum metric, the fidelity susceptibility coincides with the curvature function whose integration gives the topological invariant. Thus the quantum criticality of the curvature function near a topological phase transition also describes the criticality of the fidelity susceptibility, and the correlation length extracted from the curvature function also gives a momentum scale over which the fidelity susceptibility decays. To map out the profile and criticality of the fidelity susceptibility, we turn to quantum walks that simulate one-dimensional class BDI and two-dimensional class D Dirac models, and demonstrate their accuracy in capturing the critical exponents and scaling laws near topological phase transitions.


Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is mostly used in harsh environments were deep fades occur. Taking into account a small scale fading channel and the UHF RFID transmission specified by the the EPCglobal protocol a poor communication performance is observed. As the decoding process of the received information is not specified in this protocol, there is a significant potential of increasing the transmission performance with an appropriate decoding. This work will introduce a novel possibility to decode the received information. To match the decoding process with the transmission behavior, it will be shown how the system with a basic decoding scheme performs. Based on these results several modifications, like amplitude threshold, differential decoding and the modification of the used codes will be presented. These modifications take the channel behavior and its characteristic into consideration and lead to a performance gain of 26.2 dB using a certain encoding scheme. These results will be supported by the analysis of the bit error characteristic to demonstrate how the transmission is influenced by the modifications. Note that most modifications presented in this work can be implemented on the RFID reader side. Only the modification of the tag encoding sequence requires a change in the transponder structure.


Hundreds of cardiovascular risk factors have been described but the risk factors most commonly recognized are age, gender, dyslipidaemia, tobacco smoking, arterial hypertension and diabetes. Concerning lipids, the plasma concentrations of total cholesterol (1), HDL-cholesterol, total cholesterol / HDL-cholesterol and triglycerides are the most frequently quoted with several variants : non HDLcholesterol (which integrates the cholesterol rich-lipoproteins except HDL), apoB/apoA-1, LDL-cholesterol, apoB/LDL-cholesterol, LDL particle number and remnant lipoproteins. Tobacco smoking is the most common risk factor in young patients with myocardial infarction (2) and


1. It is shown that in the extracts of mangold leaves and stalks optically active impurities are always present which are not precipitated by basic lead acetate and hence vitiate the estimation of the dextrose and laevulose. These substances are possibly acid amides (such as glutamine and asparagine) or amino-acids (such as glutamic and aspartic acids) which form soluble lead salts. 2. These impurities occur in the leaves, but are much more abundant in the mid-ribs and stalks. 3. In the leaves the dextrose and laevulose appear to be present in approximately equal amount, as would be expected if they were formed from saccharose by inversion. When the ratio departs from unity it is probably owing to the presence of a dextro-rotatory impurity (glutamine?) which increases the amount of dextrose apparently present; but at certain times of the day a laevo-rotatory impurity seems to predominate so that the ratio becomes less than unity.


Observations show that the Equatorial Atlantic Zonal Mode (ZM) obeys similar physics to the El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO): positive Bjerknes and delayed negative feedbacks. This implies the ZM may be predictable on seasonal timescales, but models demonstrate little prediction skill in this region. In this study using different configurations of the Kiel Climate Model (KCM) exhibiting different levels of systematic error, we show that a reasonable simulation of the ZM depends on realistic representation of the mean state, i.e., surface easterlies along the equator, upward sloping thermocline to the east, with an equatorial SST cold tongue in the east. We further attribute the differences in interannual variability among the simulations to the individual components of the positive Bjerknes and delayed negative feedbacks. Differences in the seasonality of the variability are similarly related to the impact of seasonal biases on the Bjerknes feedback. Our results suggest that model physics must be enhanced to enable skillful seasonal predictions in the Tropical Atlantic Sector, although some improvement with regard to the simulation of Equatorial Atlantic interannual variability may be achieved by momentum flux correction. This pertains especially to the seasonal phase locking of interannual SST variability.


NASA's Airborne Doppler Lidar System has been used to obtain a detailed 'instantaneous' mapping of horizontal spatial wind fields at 600-800 m elevations on the east side of the San Gorgonio Pass in California, in the form of checkerboard-fashion horizontal wind vectors spaced at 300 m intervals along and normal to the flight path. Spatial autocorrelations for the lateral and longitudinal components are ensemble-averaged, and integral turbulent length scales are computed for the wind fields' longitudinal and lateral directions. The flow in the region studied does not appear to be isotropic.