This article derives a central bank's optimal liquidity supply towards a money market with an unrestricted lending facility. We show that when the effect of liquidity on market rates is not too small, and the monetary authority is concerned with both interest rates and liquidity conditions, then the optimal allotment policy may entail a 'discontinuous' reaction to initial conditions. In particular, the model predicts a threshold level of liquidity below which the central bank will not bail out the banking system. An estimation of the liquidity effect for the euro area suggests that the discontinuity might have contributed to the Eurosystem's tight response to occurrences of underbidding during the period June 2000 through March 2004.


Ionic liquids (ILs) are well known for their physicochemical properties that recommend them for many purposes. However, many ILs are not environmentally friendly. Bearing these facts in mind, a series of imidazolium- and salicylate-based ILs with low general toxicity were designed and their pharmacological potential studied. Herein, their antiproliferative effect against human cancer cell lines and antimicrobial activity on selected Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and Candida strains are presented. ILs with 1-butyl- -3-methylimidazolium or imidazolium cation (IL 1 and compound 5 ), with the lowest dipole moments and highest lipophilicity, exerted highest cytotoxicity against colon and/or lung cancer cells, manifesting high selectivity to the normal cells. The most non-polar IL with the 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium cation expressed the strongest anticancer potential, but it was also toxic against normal cells, although its cytotoxicity was less than the cytotoxic effect of commercially used chemotherapeutic agents. The same compounds, IL 1 and compound 5 , expressed modest effect on the bacterial strain that causes serious lung diseases and pulmonary infections ( Staphylococcus aureus ) or which are included in colon cancer formation ( Esherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis ). Salicylate itself was toxic against lung cancer cell line A549 and affected some Candida strains.


Reaction of lithium 2,3,4,5-tetramethylphopholide with MCl3 gives η5-(C4Me4P)2·MCl·LiCl·(solvent)2[solvent = Et2O,1,2-dimethoxyethane (DME), M = Y, Lu], which are the first reported π-heterocyclopentadienyl compounds of group 3 metals.


Introduction: Fatigue is one of the most common and disabling symptoms experienced during cancer treatment. Educational interventions are used by health professionals, such as occupational therapists, to manage cancer-related fatigue; however, there is a lack of information about the content, format and effectiveness of educational interventions in managing fatigue. This paper presents the development and structure of CAN-FIT, a theoretically driven cancer-related fatigue educational intervention, and a preliminary study of the intervention's feasibility and acceptability. Preliminary evaluation: The CAN-FIT programme was piloted with two groups with a total of nine radiotherapy patients. Patients completed a confidential evaluation form and were asked qualitative questions to provide feedback about the programme. The results of the preliminary study indicated that the intervention was acceptable to and feasible for participants. The participants reported that they received a high level of new information and skills from the education sessions and would recommend the sessions to others. Small modifications to programme components were made based on participant feedback. Conclusion: The CAN-FIT programme provided a feasible structured educational intervention for the management of cancer-related fatigue, which was acceptable to the participant sample. A randomised controlled trial is required to provide evidence of its effectiveness among the wider radiotherapy population.


1. Women, citizenship and social inclusion The social and cultural differences within national contexts, the current difficulties for the affirmation of civil rights of women and recognition of their self-determination, the ways in which over the years the work has been organized and the income is distributed to internal households, show that there are still substantial differences in everyday life, and that the commitment to acquire a status in the family and society, which respects the equality and, at the same time, is the guarantor of the development peculiarities of the female, must be strongly renewed [14]. Over the past decades, the status of women in our country has changed radically in the family, the working environment and civil society. This changing role of women has been supported by important changes, but this growth is accompanied by a series of often contradictory and problematic aspects that still impede the achievement of substantive equality and equivalence of opportunity between men and women. Current models of welfare are sometimes indifferent or adverse to promotion of leading role and independence, neglecting problems of citizenship, multiethnic cohabitation and human rights, and, least but not last, the right to knowledge and to definition of oneself diversity and uniqueness. It goes without saying that the top of this reflexion is just the category of education, since, with it, we intend to consider the bio-anthropological process trough which the subject learns and re-elaborates his own belonging to mankind. This membership comes true after an intense dialogical exchange with social and cultural objectivity, and, consequently, after the process of socialization with symbolic orders concerning the imaginary, with its laws, its institutions, its objective courses [5]. The theoretical framework of the paper is that of the feminist critical pedagogy [9]. Thus we examined the theoretical and operational impacts of the thought of the scholars above on the actual Pedagogy of Difference, in the construction of alternative models applying the criteria of a different logic: a differential logic, opposed to a neutral universe, and able to save different subjects, especially feminine subject, in the name of otherness [2]. Differential-pedagogy that developed around the 80s of the twentieth century one side has reconsidered the fundamental issues of women's subjectivity and, secondly, has inaugurated a series of reflections unpublished, created by analysis of the cultural, social and economic development of post-modernity [1]. Therefore, this article aims to inform strategies to address the complex and contradictory issue of gendered power relations in participatory planning processes for active citizenship: formation is required to work in direction to relationship, exchange, communication among subjects, as well as knowledge adjustment.


Control 8.12, Data Leakage Prevention, was introduced in the 2022 version of the ISO 27001 standard. Information security professionals responsible for ensuring compliance with the latest standard should have a thorough understanding of how to implement this control properly. The present paper presents an in-depth analysis of this requirement and proposes several practical approaches for compliance and successful implementation.


This paper summarizes the results obtained by using neutralizers as a means of controlling corrosion of refinery equipment. The methods employed in injecting sodium hydroxide, ammonia, and lime are...


: In 2007, the amount in units of fresh frozen plasma (FFP) was modified. In FFP-LR-1 and FFP-LR-2, the new stan-dards, the volume is 1.5 times that of the previous FFP-1 and FFP-2, respectively. However, despite the increased amount, orders for FFP are still made in "units" which although not an official unit has been used customarily. In our hospital, FFP consumption increased at the time of the dosage form modification and remained at the increased level despite our announcement about it to all staff members. Considering the possibility of unnecessary consumption, we started a system of counting each unit as 80 ml, as we previously did before the dosage form modification, and ad-justed the number of FFP units for dispensation according to the conversion. In order to examine the influence of the dosage form modification and amount adjustment, we measured and observed the amount of dispensed FFP and cost transition in three periods: before the dosage form modification, after it, and after amount adjustment. Average monthly consumption in each period was 14.24 l, 23.87 l, and 17.01 l, respectively, indicating that the amount of dispensed FFP increased significantly after the dosage form modification (p<0.001) and decreased after the amount adjustment (p=0.014). The amount of dispensed FFP did not differ significantly between the periods after the amount adjustment and before the dosage form modification (p=0.086). Our attempt to solve the confusion caused by the FFP dosage form modification through amount adjustment in the blood transfusion laboratory resulted in decreasing the amount of dispensed FFP to be almost equal to that before the dosage form modification, suggesting that adjusting the amount of dispensed FFP by unit conversion is effective.


Pelvic reconstruction after tumour resection is challenging. Pelvic replacements are usually custom made at considerable expense and then need very careful positioning at the time of surgery. They have a very high rate of complications with up to 30% risk of infection and 10% dislocation. In 2003 we developed a new type of pelvic replacement which would be simple to make, simple to use and which would hopefully avoid the major complications of previous pelvic replacements whist being versatile to use even when there was very little pelvis remaining. The concept is based on the old design of Ring stemmed hip replacement and has become known as the ice-cream cone prosthesis. It is inserted into the remnant of pelvis or sacrum and is surrounded by bone cement containing antibiotics. One of the main advantages is it's flexibility, allowing insertion after resection at a variety of levels. It is also suitable for patients with metastatic disease. We have inserted 12 of these implants in the past 4 years, resolving very difficult reconstruction problems. There was one case that became infected but was cured with washout and antibiotics. In one patient there was excessive leg lengthening resulting in a sciatic and femoral nerve palsy and the prosthesis had to be revised. All patients can walk with one stick or less. These results are encouraging and suggest that this versatile implant may be the way forward for pelvic reconstruction because of it's flexibility of use and low complication rate.


The success of forest fire initial attack systems is believed to be affected by many factors including the initial attack response time. Despite the fact that fire managers typically strive to dispatch initial attack resources to most fires soon after they are reported in order to minimise their response time, they may not always be able to do so as the timing of the initial attack dispatch can be influenced by many factors. We examine the effects of the following factors on the initial attack dispatch process: the daily fire load (the number of fires reported each day), the time of day the fire was reported, fire weather conditions, fire cause and the month of the fire season, on the probability that initial attack resources are dispatched on the day that a fire is reported. Logistic regression methods are used to analyse a dataset composed of 4532 forest fires that were reported in our study area in a portion of northeastern region of Ontario, Canada, during 1963–2012 fire seasons. Our results indicate that the time of day a fire is reported, the total number of fires reported on that day and the Initial Spread Index are key factors that influence the timing of the initial attack response in our study area.


ABSTRACT The Salford Advanced Laser Canopy Analyser (SALCA) is a unique dual-wavelength full-waveform terrestrial laser scanner (TLS) designed to measure forest canopies. This article has two principle objectives, first to present the detailed analysis of the radiometric properties of the SALCA instrument, and second, to propose a novel method to calibrate the recorded intensity to apparent reflectance using a neural network approach. The results demonstrate the complexity of the radiometric response to range, reflectance, and laser temperature and show that neural networks can accurately estimate apparent reflectance for both wavelengths (a root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.072 and 0.069 for the 1063 and 1545 nm wavelengths, respectively). The trained network can then be used to calibrate full hemispherical scans in a forest environment, providing new opportunities for quantitative data analysis.


This book is selected and published in commemoration of the first anniversary of the World Buddhist University on 9 December B.E. 2544 (2001).


Ultrasound guidance is a useful technique to aid central venous access. Alignment of the ultrasound probe and visualisation of the needle is a skill that takes some practice. This article describes how to perform ultrasound guidance to gain central venous access via the internal jugular, femoral and axillary/subclavian veins.


Humanitarian demining is a labor-intensive and high-risk which could benefit from the development of a humanitarian mine detection robot, capable of scanning a minefield semiautomatically. The design of such an outdoor autonomous robots requires the consideration and integration of multiple aspects: sensing, data fusion, path and motion planning and robot control embedded in a control and software architecture. This paper focuses on three main aspects of the design process: visual sensing using stereo and image motion analysis, design of a behaviour-based control architecture and implementation of a modular software architecture.


These days, it is not strange to pay a couple of hundred rand for a simple bag of groceries. The rand has weakened against the major currencies, and there is a general expectation that this will continue for the next two to three years. One of the expectations are that the prime interest rate is expected to increase by 2-3% over the course of the next two years. We may also see an increase in personal and business tax, which will further strain our disposable income and drive up living costs.


: The World, has been struggling with the covid-19 epidemic, which has affected many countries and employees in businesses in these countries for the past year. The fact that the employee is very important in organizations and indispensable for the continuity of organizational life forces the employee to struggle more physically and psychologically with the covid-19 epidemic in this process. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of covid-19 fear on emotional labor, employee performance, job satisfaction and life satisfaction. The sample of the study consists of shopping mall employees. The research was supported by a field work. The quantitative research method was used in the research. The research data were collected by questionnaire technique. The research data were analysed by frequency, reliability, factor, correlation, regression analysis in SPSS 25.0 package program. As a result of the analysis, it was seen that social factors affect the superficial behavior negatively. It was determined that psychological factors negatively affect employee performance. These results are discussed in the context of theory and practice.


We study the Iwasawa-type decomposition of an open subset of SL(n,C) as SU(p,q)AN. We show that the dressing action of SU(p,q) is globally defined on the space of admissible elements in AN. We also show that the space of admissible elements is a multiplicative subset of AN. We establish a geometric criterion: the symmetrization of an admissible element maps the positive cone in C^n into itself.


Historic district is an important carrier historical and cultural heritage and continuity.With the development of the times,the protection and continuation of the historic district became a hot topic among people.Here we use Shenyang Fangcheng historic district as an example,combine with several analysis,then followed with the landscape integrated principle,to find out the solution.


Malocclusion of the teeth is a misalignment problem that can lead to serious oral health complications, since maybe the teeth won't be able to perform vital functions if they're misaligned. The aim of this review is summarize knowledge about etiology and background of this disease and treatments methods. We conducted a search using electronic databases; MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), through October, 2017. Search strategies used following MeSH terms in searching via these databases: "malocclusion", "abnormality of the teeth", "Management", "Treatment", "Pathogenesis", "Etiology". The therapy choice is mainly based on unscientific or instance reports rather than on scientific proof. Welldesigned research studies for that reason appear needed to support scientific decision making. On the basis of this review, it is not advisable to perform occlusal or orthodontic therapy, especially if irreversible and costly, to manage or avoid postural imbalances of vertebrae curvatures. Considering that the effects of malocclusion have not been satisfactorily assessed, the benefits of orthodontic treatment should stay in question. —————————— u —————————— International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 8, Issue 12, December-2017 ISSN 2229-5518 101 IJSER © 2017 http://www.ijser.org IJSER


Prior studies exploring and understanding young peoples' relations with what is called religion have mainly focused institutionalized forms of religiosity with a propensity for an interest in propo ...


: Micaceous hydrated cerium phosphate, Ce 2 (PO 4 ) 2 HPO 4 ・ H 2 O, was prepared by the hydrothermal reaction and its photochemical properties were evaluated. Ce 2 (PO 4 ) 2 HPO 4 ・ H 2 O showed excellent absorption ability of light having a wavelength less than 450 nm of wavelength and oxidation catalytic activity lower than undoped ceria. Ce 2 (PO 4 ) 2 HPO 4 ・ H 2 O was converted to a plate-like CePO 4 -CeP 2 O 7 mixture around 650 o C and CePO 4 -CeP 3 O 9 mixture around 800 o C, possessing absorption ability of UV light less than 400 nm and much lower oxidation catalytic activity than Ce 2 (PO 4 ) 2 HPO 4 ・ H 2 O. (Received


A diverse range of prochiral ketones were reduced in air with high yields and good-to-excellent enantioselectivities (up to 97% ee) in the presence of a heterogeneous catalyst system, which was in situ formed from catalytic amounts of superparamagnetic CuFe2O4 nanoparticles supported on mesoporous silica KIT-6 and non-racemic dipyridylphosphine ligand, the stoichiometric hydride donor polymethylhydrosiloxane (PMHS) as well as certain amounts of additives. The magnetically separable catalysts could be efficiently reused 4 times without apparent loss of both the activity and enantioselectivity.


Under the pluralism of modern sociefy, main-steam TV media has to learn to attract audlience by digging the typical person. "Spiricual brand" of such "spiritual brand" is authority, popularity and reality. Main-stream media must be brave to and good at drawing nourishment from real life, initating spiritual resources from the mass' practice and realizing the innovation of news propaganda by innovative media method.


To the surprise of those countries in Africa and the Pacific that had been enjoying Duty Free Quota Free (DFQF) access to Europe while still negotiating EPAs, the European Commission on 30 September 2011 adopted a proposal recommending to the EU Council of Ministers an end to their DFQF access by 1 January 2014. This issue of the Commonwealth Trade Hot Topics provides an assessment of the proposed regulation which the European Commission adopted on 30 September 2011.


The aim to give general historiographic analysis of problem of intelligentsia role in sociocultural life of the provinces is stated in the article. We are to characterize contribution of Russian science into working out this problem, and to outline some perspectives of further research of the topical theme that has not only theoretic but also socially practical significance.


The circumstellar envelopes of asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars exhibit a wide range of morphologies and chemical compositions that can be exploited to unravel their mass-loss history as well as binary status. Here, we present ALMA Band 6 observations centred upon the oxygen-rich, high mass-loss rate AGB star GX Mon. The resulting CO (2–1) map reveals an intricate, complex circumstellar spiral-arc structure consistent with hydrodynamical models for an AGB experiencing mass loss in a highly eccentric, close binary system with an orbital period of around 140 years. Several other transitions (including SiO, SiS, SO2, and CS) are detected in the data, however only the SO (5–4) map shows a similar – although much weaker – distribution as imaged for the CO.


SUMMARY In this article Professor Frank has investigated the history of attempts to pass restrictive immigration legislation through the United States Congress. The character and activities of the different lobbying groups is analyzed and the article shows how it was the resistance of the Executive Branch, largely through the use of the veto power, that held back legislation until 1917. Thereafter liberal opposition to the extension of immigration laws was increasingly ineffectual and marginalized. The study ends with the passage of the Quota Act of 1924.


Nanozymes have been widely utilized in colorimetric sensors and developing nanomaterials with multienzyme functions have more application prospects due to their cascaded catalytic efficiency. Here, a unique organic-inorganic nanocomposite CoFe2O4/H2PPOP was synthesized by depositing CoFe2O4 nanocubes on a fully conjugated porphyrin-based porous organic polymer (H2PPOP) in situ. CoFe2O4/H2PPOP revealed outstanding tetra-enzyme-like activities, namely oxidase-like, peroxidase-like, catalase-like and superoxide dismutase-like activities. Compared with pure CoFe2O4 nanocubes, the catalytic activities of CoFe2O4/H2PPOP were significantly boosted because of the large surface area and extended conjugated structure of H2PPOP, abundant active substances (CoFe2O4) on the surface and the effective electronic transfer between CoFe2O4 and H2PPOP. Based on the oxidase-like activity of CoFe2O4/H2PPOP, a colorimetric platform was constructed for Cr (VI) with a wide linear range (0.6-100 μM) and a low detection limit (26 nΜ). Further utilizing the double oxidase-like and peroxidase-like activities, a more sensitive colorimetric platform with a faster detection speed for Cr (VI) was realized with the LOD as low as 2 nΜ. This work opens up a new way to prepare multi-enzyme active nanozyme and excavates its potential for detecting environmental pollutants.


Heye Glas has been manufacturing glass for 200 years and has developed the lightweight technology and the related production equipment in the last 30 years. By the introduction of the lightweight technology the energy and raw material use has decreased while the production speed has increased. The lightweight technology used worldwide in connection with coating processes enables further weight reductions. These coatings assure an optimal protection of the surface against damages on the way from the glass plant to the ultimate consumer.


Several different structural morphologies may develop due to a wide range of the operational conditions that may exist during solidification. It was reported that the structural morphology affects the corrosion resistance. The aim of this study is to investigate the influence of the longitudinal (columnar) and transversal (equiaxed) structures of the same sample upon the corrosion resistance of pure aluminium and zinc castings. In order to obtain both longitudinal and transversal structures a vertical upward solidification apparatus was used. The corrosion resistance was analyzed by the EIS and Tafel extrapolation methods in a 3 % NaCl solution. The investigation has shown that both structures present similar corrosion behavior.


Nature writing—that category of American literature that examines our relationship to the land—is enjoying a renewed popularity among adult readers of non-fiction. Since 1968, with the publication of Edward Abbey's Desert Solitaire —an account of his years as a seasonal ranger in southern Utah—writers such as Annie Dillard, Barry Lopez, Diane Ackerman, and Rick Bass have reached ever wider audiences interested in both fine writing and the natural world. Much of this interest is due in part to the growing number of environmental problems that confront us as Americans and as global citizens. How we live in and with nature, and use and change it, is much in the headlines and on our minds.


The purpose of the research is to reveal the problems of studying mathematics by students of the humanities and specialties, using the example of students of the Faculty of Philology and the Institute of Foreign Philology and Regional Studies of the Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University and describe the experience of teaching mathematics, contributing to the formation of general cultural competencies focused on the use of mathematical methods in professional activities. A sociological study was carried out in the form of a written survey of students and conversations with teachers of the Faculty of Philology and the Institute of Foreign Philology and Regional Studies, covering 114 students and 4 teachers. Based on the results of the study, the authors summed up the possibility of spreading this experience, using the proposed educational and methodological complex in other humanitarian areas and specialties.


A three dimensional image system comprising a display device (100) configured to alternately provide a left image and a right image, a liquid crystal shutter (200) having liquid crystal layer and configured to switch between a λ/2 (half wavelength) phase retardation state and a zero phase retardation state and polarized glasses (300) including right window having a first polarization axis and a left window having a second polarization axis. The liquid crystal shutter may include a compensation or retardation film attached to the outside surface of shutter designed to introduce a phase retardation of α. The liquid crystal layer may therefore have a phase retardation of λ/2 + α) when there is no electric field across its electrodes and a phase retardation of (+ α) when an electric field is applied across its electrodes. The invention is designed to reduce cross-talk between the left and right images.


The utility model relates to a water drive pushes up shower nozzle of shower. Including the speed governing body, speed governing circle, stator body, stator chassis, the jet orifice divides the discharge orifice, goes up the casing, lower casing, speed governing core. Its characterized in that: stator body and stator chassis syntheticly be a runner cavity, inlet opening and branch discharge orifice and the jet orifice of circumference tangential direction more than two have simultaneously on this runner cavity. The speed governing body divide a discharge orifice degree of opening and shutting through screw and spring drive speed governing core in order to adjust. The speed governing body primary governor control divides discharge orifice degree of opening and shutting with the integration of speed governing core.


Four-dimensional mass is determined in four-dimensional pseudo-Euclidean space as a physical invariant of that space. That invariant is discussed as an invariant of electromagnetic type. Finally, equations of Maxwell type are obtained for mass fields.


18 October, 2019 Accepted: 25 October, 2019Abstract: Forest resources are deteriorating and experiencing decline around the globe due to unsustainable use andover exploitation. The present study was an attempt to determine the relationship between human activities, forestresource utilization, extraction methods and practices of forest resource exploitation in the district Jhelum of Pakistan.For this purpose, primary sources of data were used which were collected from 8 villages through structuredquestionnaire and tabulated in Microsoft Excel 365 and SPSS 22 was used for multiple linear regression analysis. Theresults revealed that farming, wood cutting, animal husbandry and agro-forestry were the major occupations in thestudy area. Most commonly used resources included timber 26%, fuelwood 25% and fodder 19%. Methods used forresource extraction included gathering 49%, plucking 34% trapping 11% and cutting 6%. Population growth, increaseddemand of fuelwood and land conversion were the main reasons behind forest degradation. Results for multiple linearregression revealed that Forest based activities, sources of energy production, methods used for wood harvesting andresource extraction and use of fuelwood for energy production contributed significantly towards extensive forestresource exploitation with p value <0.5 within the study area. The study suggests that effective measures should betaken by forest department to control the unsustainable use of forest resources by stringent management interventionsand awareness campaigns in Jhelum district.


Both the similar and different effects of freezing drizzle, sleet and snow on microphysical properties of supercooled fog were analyzed for fourteen events during a comprehensive wire icing, fog, and precipitation observation experiment conducted at Enshi radar station (30°17′N, 109°16′E; 1722 m a.s.l.) on a hilltop in Shibanling, Hubei, China. Liquid precipitation is in a relatively stable form in mountainous areas. Short-term precipitation (1–3 h) is dominant with temperature below 0 °C. The wet scavenging effect of freezing drizzle on small fog droplets with a size range less than 6–12 μm is weak but is stronger for fog droplets with a larger size, which is opposite to the effects of solid precipitation, broadening the fog droplet spectra significantly. As the fog droplet diameter increases, the distributions of droplet spectra change from leptokurtosis to platykurtosis and from positive skewness to negative skewness. Occurrence of freezing drizzle would improve the positive correlation of N-r in dissipation and oscillation periods, resulting in the N-r relationship having a weak negative correlation in the maturity period, and resulting in the transition of the N-L and N-r relationships into positive correlations in the development period. Meanwhile, the emergence of solid precipitation particles would result in negative values for the correlation coefficients of N-L and N-r. The change in relationships among the microphysical properties was caused by the occurrence of different phase precipitation, showing the influence on the main microphysical mechanisms of supercooled fog.


The main purpose of the development of this robot is to monitor human activities in battlefields or border areas in order to reduce enemy infiltration. The robot consists of a night vision wireless camera that transmits battlefield videos to prevent damage and loss of human lives. When enters an unknown area, military personnel face great danger to their lives. This robot will serve as a real machine for the defense industry to reduce the loss of human lives and prevent illegal activities. This will help all military and armed forces understand the situation in the area before entering


This paper puts forward an automatically generated system of attack signature based on virtual honey pots, which adopts an open source software virtual honey pot¿Honeyd, uses the plug-in-supporting function of Honeyd, and sets up Signature Generation System¿SGS¿to generate attack signature for Snort automatically. SGS carries out the intrusion rule extraction of data packets which have entered Honeyd and compares these rules with the rule library in the Snort. If there exist no similar intrusion rules in the rule library, SGS will automatically create a new rule. Otherwise SGS will update the rule. In this way it automatically updates the rule library of Snort to reduce the miss probability of Snort.


How do the people in an Italian rural commune learn about the world beyond its boundaries? What dimensions of personal and social characteristics must we study to determine how much and why people differ in the 'intake' of such information and cultural elements? In this report, we present results of our measures of mass media use and evaluation and what we considered to be crucial correlates of these in the commune of Scarperia, Italy. In each case, we suggest


Research question: What is the prevalence of anaemia among young adult female medical and nursing students and strategies required for intervention? Methodology: A cross-sectional medical institution based study was carried out between May-July 2009. Information about background characteristics, anthropometric parameters and menstrual history was obtained. Haemoglobin level was measured by Sahli's method and diet history was taken by 24-hour recall method. Results: Out of total 300 medical and nursing students 228 (76%) were anaemic, 170 (56.67%) had mild and 58 (19.33%) had moderate anaemia. 157 (89.71%) students who did not consume green leafy vegetable regularly were anaemic. 97 (32.33%) students gave history of passing worms in stool. Association between anaemia and increasing age, increasing academic year, consumption of non-green leafy vegetable and passage of worms in stool was significant. No significant association could be found between anaemia and consumption of veg/non-veg foods, history of chronic illness, type and duration of menstrual cycle. There was also no significant association between anaemia with height, weight and BMI. Conclusion: Prevalence of mild to moderate anaemia among young adult female medical and nursing students is high. A concerted effort is needed for dietary modification, deworming and iron supplementation for correction of anaemia.


The aim of this work is to understand the spatial and temporal variability of stream-aquifer water exchanges along a 6 km-stream network in a multi-layer aquifer system using both LOcal MOnitoring Stations (LOMOSs) coupled with the optimization of a hydro-thermo model per LOMOS. With an area of 45 km2, the Orgeval experimental basin is located 70 km east from Paris. It drains a multi-layer aquifer system, which is composed of two main geological formations: the Oligocene (upper aquifer unit) and the Eocene (lower aquifer unit). These two aquifer units are separated by a clayey aquitard. The connectivity status between streams and aquifer units has been evaluated using near surface geophysical investigations as well as drill cores. Five LOMOSs of the stream-aquifer exchanges have been deployed along the stream-network to monitor stream-aquifer exchanges over years, based on continuous pressure and temperature measurements (15 min-time step). Each LOMOS is composed of one or two shallow piezometers located 2 to 3 m away from the river edge; one surface water monitoring system; two hyporheic zone temperature profiles located close to each river bank. The five LOMOSs are distributed in two upstream, two intermediate, and one downstream site. The two upstream sites are connected to the upper aquifer unit, and the downstream one is connected to the lower aquifer unit. The 2012-April 2013-december period of hydrological data are hereafter analyzed. We first focus on the spatial distribution of the stream-aquifer exchanges along the multi-layer aquifer system during the low flow period. Results display an upstream-downstream functional gradient, with upstream gaining stream and downstream losing stream. This spatial distribution is due to the multi-layer nature of the aquifer system, whose lower aquifer unit is depleted. Then it appears that the downstream losing streams temporally switch into gaining ones during extreme hydrological events, while the upstream streams remain gaining streams even during the flood peak when overflow drastically reduces the water exchanges. To illustrate the spatial distribution of the stream-aquifer exchanges temporal variability three extreme hydrological events of various intensity are analyzed. Finally, temperature profiles in the HZ are interpreted with a coupled thermo-hydro finite element METIS code at each LOMOS. The coupled 2D vertical flow and heat transfer simulations are carried out to explain the discrete experimental data at the HZ scale and allow the instantaneous quantification of the water exchanged at each LOMOS.


If the learned editor of the Weekly Law Reports brings the case Buckley v. John Allen & Ford (Oxford) Ltd. to the reader's notice under the heading "Widow as remarriageable chattel" (see the jacket of Part 11, 1967), it may be taken as a sign that the spirit of critical re-appraisal of traditional notions of law is stronger in England today than we used to think, and even the disapproval of Phillimore J.'s philosophy in this case in a later judgment of the Court of Appeal may not permanently prevent a new attitude developing towards the question whether a widow's chance to marry again ought to, or might, be taken into account in assessing damages for the death of her husband.


The invention discloses an oil-water metering instrument which comprises two parts of an oil-water meter and an image pick-up monitor, wherein the oil-water meter and the image pick-up monitor are matched to use; the oil-water meter comprises a pedestal, an upright column, a glass pipe and a scale plate, wherein the glass pipe and the scale plate are connected to the upright column, a liquid inlet pipe and a liquid outlet pipe are arranged at the lower end of the glass pipe, and the upright column is fixedly connected with the pedestal; the image pick-up monitor comprises an image pick-up device and a stand, wherein the stand is also provided with an operating device, a driving device and a lifting mechanism, the driving device is in driving connection with the lifting mechanism, the image pick-up device is fixedly connected with the lifting mechanism, and the operating device controls the driving device and the image pick-up device and is used for metering the oil-water liquid level on the oil-water meter; and the image pick-up device faces the direction of the glass pipe and the scale plate. The invention has accurate recording and can save external force.


Isaac Hays (Figure) was a distinguished pioneer in the early days of American ophthalmology. 1-6 His contributions may have been mightier by the pen than by the scalpel, but his niche in the history of ophthalmology is secure. In addition to actively practicing ophthalmology and fostering its growth into a recognized medical specialty, Hays also had the time and talent to edit one of the premier medical journals of his day, to become one of the founders of the American Medical Association (AMA), to author the first code of ethics of the AMA, and to edit or write works as diverse as Treatise on Diseases of the Eye, American Ornithology, and Descriptions of the Inferior Maxillary Bones of Mastodons.


Driving Forces Behind Mergers and Acquisitions Activity: The Aggregate Economic Activity and the Stock Market By Leonidas V. Tzonis The present thesis, motivated by controversies in the literature investigates a series of empirical issues relating to mergers and acquisitions activity in the UK. More specifically, it seeks answers to the following questions: do mergers come in waves, and is there a significant relationship between the aggregate mergers and acquisitions activity, the business cycle and the stock market, both at aggregate and industrial level? Are the stock market mis-valuation and the market timing ability of manager among the driving forces behind merger waves? The focal point is the UK corporate control market over the last twenty years (1985-2005). The main results emerging from the empirical analysis indicate that there exist three distinctly different types of behaviour (regimes) in the series of mergers and acquisitions numbers, both at aggregate and industrial level. Moreover, the contemporaneous relationship between the mergers and acquisitions activity in the UK with the Stock Market and the aggregate economic activity (Business Cycle), is found to be significant, at aggregate level. Finally, consistent evidence which suggests that stock market mis-valuation and the market timing ability of manager is more likely to drive the corporate control market is provided.


According to the literature in nearly 10 years,this paper have briefly reviewed the cause,pathogenesis and treatment about cough after a cold,and has made summary and outlook about treatment characteristics of Chinese medicine treatment of cough after a cold.


Abstract. The purpose of scientific research – identify the problems of providing qualified personnel for agricultural enterprises of the Perm region and suggest ways to solve them. The main research methods used were statistical observation, comparative analysis and economic assessment. As a result of the research the problems of providing qualified personnel for agricultural enterprises were considered. It is noted that more than 60 % of Russian enterprises, including agricultural ones, are experiencing a shortage of professional personnel. It is suggested that investments in the development of human resources provoke an increase in labor productivity and ultimately the economic efficiency of enterprises. The article refers to a decrease in the share of employees with professional education in Russian agro-industrial enterprises. The analysis of the number of urban and rural population of the Perm region is carried out. The composition of the rural population by main age groups was studied. It is concluded that rural settlements are losing their working population, and agro-industrial enterprises in the absence of a surge of young professional staff face the problem of aging personnel. The analysis of the birth rate and mortality of the population of the Perm region, including in cities and rural settlements, was carried out. It is assumed that a significant decrease in the birth rate of the population is a consequence of the difficult socio-economic situation in the Perm region. The analysis of the reasons leading to the outflow of rural population to the cities of the region and beyond is also carried out. The Federal target program for rural development aimed at improving the housing conditions of agricultural workers, building schools and pre-school educational institutions, putting into operation paramedic and midwifery centers, building sports facilities and leisure centers, and developing rural infrastructure is presented as measures to address the identified problems. It is assumed that the most significant factors that can keep young professional staff in agro-industrial enterprises are their wages and housing conditions. It is concluded that to attract young people to agricultural production, it is necessary to provide employees of agro-industrial enterprises with their own housing and raise their wages to the level of the average economy of the region. The scientific novelty of the research consists in a set of measures proposed by the authors to solve the personnel problem of agro-industrial enterprises.


(37) last word in what is to become of his own creation then personal liberty is dead indeed. One of the secrets, we think, of Dr. Whatsisname's long success had to do with what might be called the Charlie McCarthy syndrome. That involved the recognition by a girl that the fresh remark just made about her had really originated with ventriloquist Edgar Bergen, and that it would be not only unfair but silly to slap Charlie's face. Some of Dr. Whatsisname's professional colleagues might prefer to call the syndrome displacement or projection. Take your choice. To us on the editorial staff, it was always the McCarthy syndrome. It would be unfair to bid farewell to Dr. Whatsisname without paying tribute to Ralph Robinson, a Washington artist. (No, not APA's Robbie, though that legend has taken firm hold.) Ralph started drawing Dr. Whatsisname for peanuts at a time when Mental Hospitals had mighty few peanut shucks on which to support itself; when he moved to New York, he sent in the drawings from there, and after he returned to Washington, he went on doing them at the same old price. Ralph worked for peanuts and Henry Davidson for fun, but Dr. Whatsisname was more than a good bargain-he was good medicine for this magazine and for hospital psychiatry. PAT VOSBURGH, Editor


Abstract The advantages of pH gradient layers are presented with some fluorescent dyes as examples. In chromatography, transverse to the gradient (T-gradient) indications as to the chemical structure of the substance are obtained and contaminants are easily recognized. Chromatography in the direction of the gradient leads to a focusing, especially of the accompanying substances in the upper region of the chroma togram: These layers are suitable also for the chromatography of mixtures of substances of strongly differing polarities.


A method for the calculation of the stagnation region, radiative flowfield with steady-state ablation has been described and results presented for peak heating conditions during typical Venusian entries. The ablation material considered was highdensity phenolic nylon. The results of these calculations show that, at entry velocities around 10 km/sec, reasonable estimates of stagnation region radiative heating during Venusian entry may be obtained by relatively simple analyses which ignore nonadiabatic effects in the shock layer and the absorption of shock layer radiation by ablation products. At higher entry velocities, however, the assumption of an isothermal slab has been shown to lead to significant overprediction of radiation to the wall from the inviscid shock layer, and the injection of ablation products has been shown to significantly reduce the radiative heating. At the lower velocities (< 10 km/sec) acceptable estimates of radiative heating may be obtained by including a nonablating boundary layer. At the highest velocities studied, ablation product injection must be accounted for, but acceptable results may be obtained from a simplified analysis that assumes that the ablation products have the same composition as the Venusian atmosphere.


We build a structural credit risk model for an emerging market country which follows a fixed exchange rate regime under a Currency Board Arrangement (CBA). It is assumed that the sovereign has bonds outstanding both in local soft currency (treasuries) and in hard currency (Eurobonds). In such a setting, the liability side of the balance sheet of the country can be viewed as composed of three items in increasing order of seniority -- monetary base, domestic debt, and foreign debt. The foreign debt is the most senior tranche in the capital structure and has a typical payment priority due to the presence of limited foreign exchange reserves. The monetary base is the most junior one and has the characteristics of equity. In pursuing optimal financial and macroeconomic policies, the sovereign affects the fundamental values of the three instruments. We quantify the effects that arise and this allows us to make a thorough macrofinancial diagnostics of the CBA. We discuss further issues related to optimal capital structure, debt issuance and buy-backs, sterilizations, and general financial challenges of conducting macro policy under credit risk and fixed exchange rate. We make an empirical application to a representative set of countries following a CBA.


This text takes state of the southeast of Guizhou Province as an example, has analyzed the current situation of the travel human resources , propose the direction , main task and policies and measures of manpower resources development.


Proposed a new DTC-SVM strategy with the second order ADRC in this paper, and investigated the stability conditions of the key segment of ADRC-ESO, which were employed to design the parameters of ADRC based on adaptive GA optimization. Simulation results showed a significant improvement in dynamic performances of the speed and torque responses, and the stability conditions of ESO provide reference value for the parameter modification of ADRC based on GA optimization.


This study aims to investigate the influences of different demineralization pretreatment processes on the properties of liquid and gas products from catalytic pyrolysis via activated carbon catalys...


The adsorption of linear and flexible polyatomics on honeycomb, square, and triangular lattices is studied by combining theoretical modeling, Monte Carlo simulations, and experimental results. In the case of flexible k-mers, simulation data are compared with the corresponding ones from the well-known multisite Langmuir model (MSL) of Nitta et al. [J. Chem. Eng. Jpn. 1984, 17, 45], while in the case of rigid k-mers, computational results are correlated from the model for linear adsorbates (MLA) developed by Ramirez-Pastor et al. [Phys. Rev. B 1999, 59, 11027]. On the other hand, it is shown that it is possible to interpret all adsorption isotherms (for linear and flexible adsorbates) by using the recently reported fractional statistical theory of adsorption of polyatomics (FSTA) of Riccardo et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 2004, 93, 186101], with an adequate choice of the fundamental parameter of the model, g, being the measure of the statistical exclusion of adsorption minima. In addition, experimental adsorption...


The effect of shape and orientation of porosity on the mechanical properties of particle reinforced metal matrix composites has been studied in the present work. The effect of different shapes of pores on the Young's modulus of elasticity and yield strength of the metal matrix composites have been studied with the help of a 2D finite element model. It has been established that shape and orientation of porosity dominates the mechanical properties of the composites.


Spring is now approaching and for the Private Independent Aesthetic Practices Association, this means the annual Step Ahead in Aesthetics conference is firmly on the horizon. This one-day event wil...


The invention relates to a compound colour conserving method for prolonging the storage period of dehydrated lettuce slices, belonging to the technical field of fruit and vegetable processing. The method in the invention comprises the following steps: pretreating lettuce utilized as a raw material, soaking with a colour conserving solution, and conserving the colour by adopting a mixed solution of lactose, saccharose and table salt, thus not only can the colour conserving cost be reduced, but also the colour and lustre of the lettuce slices preserved at different temperatures; then blanching,carrying out secondary soaking, and drying; and finally packaging and storing, wherein the storage temperature is 4-22 DEG C. In the invention, the degradation of chlorophyll in the processing process of each step is ensured to reach the minimum, so as to realize a good green conserving effect in the storage period.


OBJECTIVE
Analyze the most frequently reported drug in iatrogenic hyponatremia, explaining the mechanism in question.

METHODS
Retrospective study on 54 notified cases between the Jan.1(st) 2003 and Dec. 31(st) 2009. The analysis focuses on drug classes, accountability and mechanism; risk factors, severity and the evolution of the case.

RESULTS
Fourty-nine cases have been retained, 75,5% of the time it was an inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) involving a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) in 15 cases, an anticonvulsant in 7 cases, a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) in 7 cases or other drugs in 11. The hypo-osmolar hypovolemic hyponatremia was 12.2% of cases, incriminating a thiazide diuretic once in two. The mechanism was different or indeterminate in 12.2% of cases. In 67% cases were serious. The evolution was often favourable.

CONCLUSION
Drug induced hyponatremia can be serious. It must control natremia with patients at risk or symptomatic and conduct the etiological diagnosis.


In order to improve the intelligent control ability of the embedded vacuum packaging machinery, the control system is optimized and the embedded vacuum packaging system based on the touch screen of single chip microcomputer is constructed. The system is composed of many modules and uses 51 single chip microcomputer as the digital processing chip of energy-saving control of embedded vacuum packaging machinery. Combined with the touch screen control technology of single chip microcomputer, the automatic assembly control design of the embedded vacuum packaging system is carried out, and the optimal transmission protocol of the energy-saving control system of the embedded vacuum packaging mechanical equipment is designed. In the program loading module, the instruction loading and output conversion control of the embedded vacuum packaging system are realized, and the intelligent design of the embedded vacuum packaging system is realized in the embedded integrated processor.


The EU funded "AQUAculture USEr driven operational Remote Sensing information services project" (AQUAUSERS grant number 607325) is a user driven project for the aquaculture industry that aims at providing this industry with relevant and timely information based on the most recent satellite data and innovative optical insitu measurements. The Water Insight Spectrometer (WISP-3) is a hand held instrument which can provide measurements of the optical parameters Chlorophyll-a (Chl-a), Total Suspended Matter (TSM), Coloured Dissolved Organic Matter (CDOM), and the Spectral Diffuse Attenuation Coefficient (Kd). Sampling campaigns were carried out between March 2014 and September 2015, to collect water samples at the same time as taking optical reading from the WISP-3 at an offshore aquaculture site off Sagres on the SW Portugal, operated by Finisterra Lda, one of the "users" in the project. The estimates from the WISP-3 for Chla and TSM have been compared with in-situ measurements from the water samples for these two variables, with the objective of calibrating the algorithms used by the WISP-3 for estimation of Chla and TSM. At a later stage in the project, it is expected that WISP-3 readings can be related to remote sensing products developed from the Ocean Land Coloured Instrument (OLCI) from the Sentinel-3 satellite. The key purpose of AQUAUsers is to develop, in collaboration with "users" from the aquaculture industry, a mobile phone application (app) that collates satellite information on optical water quality and temperature together with in-situ data of these variables to develop a decision support system for daily management of the aquaculture.


This paper presents the Monte Carlo simulation to evaluate the power distribution performance and frequency response of underwater optical wireless communication. Comparison is made between collimated beam and diffuse beam in clear water and turbid water. It is observed that by using diffuse beam in turbid water communications can still be established with a coverage area of radius 7 m with a bandwidth of 43 MHz. A higher bandwidth around 158 MHz can be supported by on-axis links.


The characteristics of in-migration to Tel Aviv Israel are analyzed for the period 1962-1988. The authors conclude that "the formation of a new in-migration stream to the inner city...in the 1960s does not fit the gentrification model. Instead groups of the new middle class were attracted to the inner city where they replaced the elderly middle-class households that were in the final stages of their life cycles. Gentrification in the southern fringe of the inner city is merely a by-product of the major process." (EXCERPT)


This paper proposes a framework to (i) analyse the contexts of socially embedded systems and (ii) support the understanding of change during their evolutions. Our finding is based on a co-operative project with a government agency developing a partially-automated variability configurator for an open source software product family. By employing our framework, we realised that the way variations and their management are implemented have to accommodate work practices from the use context as well as development practice, and here especially the cooperation within the development team and between users and developers. The empirical evidence has confirmed our understanding of what is relevant when estimating the evolvability of socially embedded systems. We propose to use our framework in architecture-level design and evaluation in order to take these cooperative relationships into account early in the evolution cycle.


This research entitled "INTERNAL CONTROL AND ITS IMPACT ON THE DEPARTMENT OF APPRAISAL AND FILE THE CITY OF CANTON GAD GOOD FAITH AND YEAR 2012." Buena Fe was performed in the canton in the Department of Cadastre and Valuation of GAD Municipal.
According to the results it was concluded that: the internal control made to the Department of Cadastre and Valuation of the municipal GAD Canton Buena Fe results in Confidence Level 62.80% (moderate) and a Risk Level 37.20% (high). The information generated by the activities undertaken during the period 2012 in the Department of Cadastre and Valuation is inadequate and inconsistent level of compliance presented by the Department of Municipal Cadastre and Valuation GAD Good Faith, has been considered as low or deficient, The computer operating system today is art and not reliable and therefore has a system of internal control in the institution.
The recommendations made were: Apply all procedures and institutional rules relating to compliance with the public service and resource management such as: Coding Scheme Chapter IV Municipal Municipal and State Government Auditing Standard, Chapter II System National Competency Municipal Coding Scheme.
Implement an internal control system in order to improve the functioning of the department of Cadastre and Valuation and to the attainment of directly interrelated goals with corporate goals
Find the appropriate mechanisms to institutionalize training processes for officials on planning process, internal control and management processes related to each departmental public affairs area whose purpose is to work together with all departments of the municipal GAD Good Faith.


This paper describes a field and laboratory investigation of the Minnesota Department of Transportation (Mn/DOT) Precast Composite Slab Span System (PCSSS) implemented for short to moderate span bridges (20-50ft. range). Advantages of the system include accelerated construction, improved quality control, and reduced impact on the environment compared to cast-in-place (CIP) slab span systems. The field study was conducted on one of the early Mn/DOT implementations over a period of 24 months to investigate the performance of the system relative to design assumptions and the susceptibility of the system to developing reflective cracking. In addition, a two-span laboratory specimen was constructed and load tested to investigate effects of variations in flange thickness, bursting reinforcement, horizontal shear reinforcement, and flange surface treatment.


Two conditions for reducing the number of learning iterations in backpropagation artificial neural networks are introduced. The first condition is to scale the target output so that it falls within a small range (+or-0.1) of the point at which the slope of the nonlinear activation function of the output node is maximum. This point is 0.5 for the sigmoid function. The second condition is to learn the input patterns selectively, not sequentially, until the error is reduced below the desired limit. Introducing the techniques does not affect the memory retention or generalization capabilities of such networks. The application of these concepts to the classical XOR learning algorithm problem resulted in a reduction in the number of learning iterations by a factor of seven over the results published by D.E. Rumelhart et al. (Parallel Distributed Processing, vol.1, chap.8, Cambridge, MIT Press).<<ETX>>


In birds, the magnitude of the adrenocortical stress response can be down‐regulated during specific life‐history stages. Such modulation likely occurs when the effects of mounting robust corticosterone (Cort) elevations interfere with the normal progression of critical lifecycle activities (e.g. development, molt, migration, reproduction). The developmental hypothesis posits that altricial birds should display a 'stress hyporesponsive period' during the early post‐natal life stages, characterized by reduced adrenocortical stress responses compared to adult birds and a gradual age‐related increase. Such modulation would allow avoiding the potential deleterious effects that long‐term elevations of circulating Cort might exert on growth and development, when the physiological and behavioral abilities to cope with disturbance are limited. Two proximate hypotheses have been proposed to explain this age‐dependent pattern of Cort secretion. The 'maturation hypothesis' proposes a progressive age‐related growth, maturation and enhanced sensitivity to sensory input of the Hypothalamic‐Pituitary‐Adrenal (HPA) axis tissues, whereas the 'negative feedback attenuation hypothesis' proposes a gradual attenuation in the intensity of the negative feedback in the HPA axis. Here we tested these hypotheses by experimentally inducing negative feedback on the HPA axis via dexamethasone (DEX) treatment in nestling white storks Ciconia ciconia. Nestling age positively affected stress‐induced plasma Cort (STRESS‐Cort) levels during experimental handling and restraint, thus supporting the developmental hypothesis. DEX treatment significantly reduced STRESS‐Cort levels compared to saline (SAL) treatment, thus eliciting the expected negative feedback on the HPA axis. However, inter‐ and intra‐individual comparisons indicated no age effects on the intensity of the negative feedback exerted by DEX. Our results do not support the negative feedback attenuation hypothesis and suggest that progressive maturation of the HPA axis tissues is the proximate mechanism responsible for age‐related changes in the stress response during avian post‐natal development. We encourage further tests of the proposed proximate mechanisms during migration, breeding and molt.


Five parents and their F_1,F_2 were used to analyze embryo effect,cytoplasm effect and maternal gene effect on isoflavone content of soybean by the mixed genetic model proposed by Zhu(1997).The results indicated isoflavone content was controlled by embryo and maternal plant.Maternal effect was larger than embryo effect.The ratio of sum of additive effect variance to total genetic variance were 18.8%,and that of sum of dominance effect variance to total genetic variance were 81.2%.The broad-sense heritabilities of embryo and maternal effects were 17.3% and 33.6%,respectively.The covariance between isoflavone content and plant height,isoflavone content and yield per plant were positively significant at 0.01 level,and the covariance between isoflavone content and number of joints per plant were negatively significant at 0.01 level.


The effect of damping factors on convergence to general stationary solutions in many-shell SCF theory is discussed using a first order perturbation analysis. Their bearing on the maximum overlap criterion is examined and a comparison made with Hartree damping. Examples are drawn from numerical experience with hole state and transition operator calculations, some of which lead to saddle point stationary conditions. The method of Hsu et al. is reviewed in the light of the foregoing arguments.


Modern steel manufacturing techniques make it possible to produce steel with nominal strengths up to 1100 MPa (very high strength steels, VHSS). For the design of cyclic loaded slender VHSS structures, the fatigue strength of both base material and welded components should be known. In a VHSS fatigue loaded structure absolute and relative stress variation will be higher compared to structures made of conventional steel. According to EN1993-1-9 (2005), applicable to steels with yield strengths up to 690 MPa, fatigue strength of welded connections mainly depends on the applied detail, plate thickness and machining condition, not on yield strength. Literature results on base materials however show higher fatigue strength by increased yield strength. If the use of VHSS would be beneficial increasing the fatigue strength of a welded joint as well, than most likely this increase would be shown in a high quality butt weld, having lower stress concentration compared to other welded details, like a fillet weld. Laboratory tests have been performed in order to study the fatigue strength of base materials and as welded butt weld joints made of S690 and S1100. Both VHSS base material and transverse butt weld characteristic fatigue strength lays well above the values according to EN1993-1-9 (2005), mainly because of higher slope in S-N curves


In this paper some generalizations of the sum of powers of natural numbers is considered. In particular, the class of sums whose generating function is the power of the generating function for the classical sums of powers is studying. The so-called binomial sums are also considered. The problem of constructing polynomials that allow to calculate the values of the corresponding sums in certain cases is solved.


The effect of basal-plane stacking faults on the Bragg peak broadening in m-plane GaN is studied using X-ray diffraction ω-scans and ω/2θ-scans. The analysis considers the coexistence of multiple broadening contributions including tilt, twist, limited coherence length, and micro-strain. Although the effects of basal-plane stacking faults are detectable in the different configurations used in this study, we show that the ω-scans in the asymmetric geometry are better suited for quantifying basal-plane stacking fault-related broadening, since the broadening due to twist does not affect the ω-scan profiles in such diffraction geometries (© 2011 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


ABSTRACT Our objective was to determine biological differences and perceptions about exercise among an immigrant South Asian population living in the southern United States. This is a descriptive study of exercise patterns and perceptions using baseline data from a diabetes intervention study with immigrant South Asian adults now living in the United States. The sample included middle-aged, predominantly male, well-educated, immigrant South Asians. Participants were recruited through advertisements in local South Asian magazines, information sent through community organization listservs, and in-person outreach at health fairs and screening, diabetes information events, and South Asian stores. Participants reported to the Georgia Clinical and Translational Science Alliance General Clinical Research Center at Emory University Hospital and completed a baseline visit for the South Asian Health and Prevention Education pilot study. The mean ± SD age of this cohort was 44.6 ± 10.6 yr and 35% female. Of the 52 people included in this analysis, 81% did not exercise at least 150 min·wk−1 to meet the U.S. Physical Activity Guidelines. Of those that did meet the Physical Activity Guidelines, 90% reported walking as their primary form of exercise. Overall, 65% reported preferring walking to other modes of exercise. There were no differences between high exercisers and low exercisers when asked about the benefits or barriers of exercise. South Asians living in the southern United States do not meet the U.S. Physical Activity Guidelines. The preferred mode of exercise is walking close to home. Although barriers to exercise are similar to those of other races in the United States, preferred mode of exercise and preferences of women should be considered when implementing physical activity interventions.


Objective To study the relationship of upbringing given by parents to self confidence, self esteem, self efficacy, and mental health of their children. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 173 sophomores of Qingyang Teachers' Training School by cluster sampling, using SCL 90,PEI,SES, SEI, and EMBU The data were analyzed by SPSS for Windows. Results The validity rate of response was 85 6% (173/195) There were significant differences in interpersonal sensitivity, hostility, horror, and psychotic factor, and in self confidence, self esteem, and self efficacy between male and female students There was no difference in SCL 90 factors among students of family constellation The educational level of father was significantly positively correlated to FSI (r=0 197 P=0 05) and FS3 (r=0 021 P=0 05), and negatively correlated to FS5 (r=-0 222 P=0 01) The educational level of mother was significantly positively correlated to MS1 (r=0 0192 P=0 05), and negatively correlated to MS3 (r=-0 217 P=0 01) and MS4 (r=-0 189 P=0 05) The differences in factors FS1, FS5, and MS1 were statistically significant between the educational level of father and that of mother (P0 05, P0 01, and P0 05) There was on difference in most factors among the sequences of seniority among brothers and sisters, except for the factor FS3 with a difference between the first born children and last born children at the level of P0 05 No difference was found between the educational levels of parents and the upbringing patterns they gave their children There were significant differences in self confidence and self esteem between the first born child and the last born child (P0 01 and P0 005) The differences in self esteem and self efficacy between the intermediately born child and last born child were significant (both P0 05) Conclusion The self confidence, self esteem, and self efficacy of college students are significantly negatively correlated with their mental health factors The negative upbringing patterns of parents, especially of fathers are likely to foster unhealthy mentality, such as compulsion, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, and hostility Affectionate family atmosphere helps develop self confidence, self esteem, and self efficacy


Recently, the relationship between use of social media and political participation has received increased scholarly scrutiny. Two main elements that reflect theoretical approaches to the relationship have been developed: political knowledge and bridging social capital. The current study integrates political knowledge and bridging social capital, using Bandura's social cognitive theory (SCT) on data collected from surveys conducted in the U.S. The results suggest that self-efficacy and outcome expectancy mediate the effects of political knowledge and bridging social capital on political participation. The proposed model represents the interactions among bridging social capital, political knowledge, self-efficacy, and outcome expectancy, providing an overall mechanism to assess the effects of social media on political participation using SCT.


Targeting the nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) pathway is proposed as therapy for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). We hypothesized that an omega-3 fatty acids (n-3) supplement would suppress NFκB activation in lymphocytes of Rai Stage 0–1 CLL patients. The initial dose of 2.4 g n-3/day was gradually increased to 7.2 g n-3/day. After n-3 consumption: 1) plasma n-3 increased; 2) NFκB activation was suppressed in lymphocytes; 3) in vitro sensitivity of lymphocytes to doxorubicin was increased; and 4) expression of 32 genes in lymphocytes was significantly decreased.


Augmented Reality (AR) is a trend technology with many applications for domestic consumers. On the past it was developed significant projects with the objective to introduceAR in industrial environ ...


The utility model discloses a computer hard disk frame promoting hard disk mounting. The computer hard disk frame promoting hard disk mounting comprises a pair of parallel-arranged clamping plates. Each clamping plate comprises a flat-plate-shaped clamping plate body. A fixing wing piece is arranged on the bottom of each clamping plate body. A clamping protruding array composed of clamping protrusions is arranged on the inner side wall of each clamping plate body. A clamping groove is formed between adjacent clamping protrusions. A penetrating adjusting groove opening is formed in each fixing wing piece. According to the computer hard disk frame promoting hard disk mounting, rubber is used for making the clamping protrusions, a user can directly clamp a hard disk into the clamping grooves between the clamping protrusions, no tools are needed, easiness and convenience are achieved, and operation is convenient. The computer hard disk frame promoting hard disk mounting is simple in structure, low in cost, firm in fixing and high in practicability.


On the death of a landowner, members of his family may become entitled to the land as co-owners under his will or the rules governing intestacies. Many years may pass without anyone taking the steps necessary to administer the estate while one or only some of his successors enjoy possession of the land with or without the tacit approval of the others. The operation of the doctrine of adverse possession in this context gives rise to a number of doctrinal complications and Irish and English law on this issue has become polarised; while the occupying family member may rely on the doctrine of adverse possession in Ireland, in England and Wales he is precluded from doing so.


polymerase Polyphenols are well known to possess diverse physiological functions. We have reported that luteolin suppressed tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-8 secretions in an in vitro co-culture system composed of RAW264.7 cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide and Caco-2 cells, respectively. It was also reported that luteolin possessed anti-allergic activity with in vitro co-culture of Caco-2/RBL-2H3 cells. In this work, we investigated the activity of luteolin in combination with other polyphenols using both in vitro co-culture systems. Caco-2 cells were treated with the maximum concentration of luteolin (75 μM) that did not produce anti-inflammatory activity, in combination with other polyphenols such as quercetin, kaempferol, curcumin, galangin and chrysin (each 75μM). All combinations of the tested polyphenols except chrysin significantly increased luteolin hyperpermeability to the basolateral side, curcumin in particular. The co-culture system analysis demonstrated that curcumin or quercetin in combination with luteolin significantly suppressed TNF-α production and IL-8 mRNA expression. Moreover, the combination of luteolin and quercetin suppressed β-hexosaminidase activity as an index of anti-allergic activity. Combination of quercetin and luteolin was demonstrated to increase luteolin permeability to the basolateral compartment of the in vitro co-culture systems, resulting in the observed anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic activities.


Giant sensitive plant (Mimosa pigra L.) belongs to Fabacae family, is an invasive species containing biological compounds (allelopathic chemicals) to control other plants. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of different extraction methods on the phenolic, flavonoid, mimosinne contents and evaluation the ability to inhibit germination, growth of radish (Raphanus sativus L.) and leaf mustard (Brassica juncea) from Mimosa pigra leaf extract. The total phenolic content, flavonoid and mimosine concentrations were determined by spectrophotometric measurement, and the ability to inhibit growth was performed in a laboratory, on petri dishes in 5 days. The method of incubation for mimosa leaves in 60 minutes at a temperature of 50°C has the highest phenolic, flavonoid and mimosine concentrations of 6.63 mg, 1.86 mg and 1.89 mg. The 60-minute incubation method inhibited radish with the highest 21.44% of the root length, 38.01% of the shoot height but inhibited the lowest germination rate and dry weight. The mixture of leaf extract 10% and vinegar 0.1% inhibited completely germination, root length, shoot height, and the weight of radish and leaf mustard compared to the control. This result provides scientific literature on the potential ability of this plant to control weeds. activity. Extracts mixed with at a concentration of 0.01% had the best to inhibit germination and growth of radish and leaf The results provide a document about the effects of various methods on weed suppression activity of pigra leaf


Abstract. We studied the ocular and systemic absorption of 40 μl of topical 0.5% timolol in 57 patients using radioligand binding techniques. The mean concentration of timolol in aqueous humour of the treated eye was 1.9 ± 0.8 μg/ml 74 minutes after instillation of the drug. About 18 h after drug instillation the aqueous humour concentration of timolol was 105.5 ± 60.9 ng/ml. Timolol was found in 15 (42%) contralateral eyes. Concentration of timolol in the contralateral eye increased from 0.04 ± 0.08 ng/ml at 50 min to 0.3 ± 0.2 ng/ml at 134 min and was 0.2 ± 0.4 ng/ml at 18 h after instillation. Timolol concentrations in the aqueous humour of the treated eye appeared to be high enough to occupy ß1‐ and ß2‐receptors completely (100%) at 74 min and at 18 h after drug instillation. Timolol concentrations in the contralateral eye were high enough to occupy up to 33.0 ± 24.7% of the ß2‐receptors and up to 51.7 ± 35.1% of ß2‐receptors. High drug concentrations and complete ß‐receptor occupancy in the aqueous humour of the treated eye after topical timolol are in agreement with the long‐lasting ocular hypotensive effects. The low drug concentrations and partial receptor occupancy in the contralateral eye may also be of some clinical significance.


SummaryPrazosin has been shown to be a safe, effective, potent antihypertensive agent that lowers blood pressure in a variety of experimental models of hypertension in animals. Prazosin reduces blood pressure by reducing total peripheral resistance, not cardiac output, and no tolerance occurs to the antihypertensive effect of prazosin. Studies in dogs indicate that, like diazoxide, prazosin would be expected not to exaggerate orthostatic hypotension, at least not to the extent that subjective symptoms would limit its usefulness once tissue autoregulatory mechanisms had time to adjust to the lowered perfusion pressure. Unlike other peripherally acting agents, prazosin does not cause a tachycardia, neither does it increase plasma renin activity or sympathetic nerve traffic. Prazosin sensitizes baroreceptors, but this is not a unique property and will not satisfactorily explain the lack of tachycardia with this agent.The action of prazosin is confined to the periphery and no central mechanism of action has b...


The English language is considered the global business language and a mutual language to provide communication and understanding in business. Learning foreign languages and implementing language management strategies enable cross-cultural communication, business growth and career enhancement. Drawing on this theory of business communication, this study explores the effects of language proficiency in business operations of Kosovan small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), which intend to become integrated globally, by using mixed methods and the interpretation of business managers (Sample 1, N = 5), two pilot tests (Sample 2, N = 7 and N = 29) and an online questionnaire (Sample 3, N = 139). The role of English in business communication was interrelated with an analysis of other foreign languages, along with the implementation of language strategies and the effect of language skills on career development. This squares well with the proposition that these three aspects are consistent in their contribution to effective communication in business and convey richness on both an individual and a company level. The findings offer a new perspective on the effects of using foreign languages in business communication, which consequently contributes to internationalization, multilingualism and cross-cultural communication.  Article visualizations:


■ ■ The purification protocol is more cost-effective with early run termination, which saves time and solvent. IN T RO DU C T IO N Drug discovery laboratories that process large numbers of samples must develop efficient purification protocols, thereby reducing the solvent, time, and effort necessary to make critical strategic decisions about therapeutic candidates and their progression to the next phase of testing. Combining UPLC-driven compound screening and fraction analysis with mass-directed purification effectively streamlines the compound isolation process. Sub-2 μm particle size columns, combined with the fluidically-optimized flow path of the UPLC, increase sensitivity and resolution, as well as reduce chromatographic run times, making UPLC ideal for fast sample analysis. AutoPurify, a feature included in FractionLynx Software, assesses the purity of the target compound in the crude mixture, suggests a purification strategy, and generates the sample list for the isolation on the preparative LC system. The sample list is imported and run on the preparative LC system. Once the isolation is completed, AutoPurify reports the purity of the fractions and creates a sample list for fraction analysis on the UPLC system. In this study, we illustrate how dedicating the UPLC for compound screening and fraction analysis, reserving the preparative LC system for compound isolation, and using AutoPurify to coordinate and execute the workflow effectively manages the purification process, increasing efficiency and throughput. Streamlining Compound Isolation Automatically with UPLC to Prep Chromatography using Mass-Directed AutoPurification


As the title suggests, this book presents information on all 2,700 botanical collectors known to have worked in East Africa, in alphabetical order. What the title does not tell you is the sheer staggering volume of information presented: personal histories, stories behind collecting trips, who travelled with whom and why, exact collecting localities and the corresponding number series, lists of species named after each collector, publication lists, all interspersed with line drawings of species named after each collector, snapshots of book covers and photographs and route maps. The collector portraits will add a personal dimension to anyone familiar with some literature and herbarium labels. Elena Aosta is pictured sitting proudly on a camel. Charles Francis Massey Swynnerton is enjoying writing at his messy desk. Mary Alice Eleanor Richards is working at a comfortable table outdoors. Derek Bacon has supervised student carving of six wooden axe handles. The blurry photographs of herbarium buildings and the now complete Flora of East Africa series add a feeling of nostalgia, a portrayal of an era of botanical exploration now also seemingly complete. Work towards this book started out to create a companion volume to Polhill (1988) and grew into a labour of love that really deserves a title like 'Encyclopaedia of East African botany, told through the stories of plant collectors, and plants that bear their names'.


Airborne ground penetrating radar (GPR) can be used for detecting underground targets in dangerous area or area covered by heavy vegetation. Since the back projection (BP) imaging method can easily compensate for the electromagnetic wave's refraction effect, it can be a practical imaging method for airborne GPR system. Nevertheless, the conventional BP imaging method usually suffers from high computational load. In order to reduce the computational complexity, an efficient airborne GPR BP imaging algorithm based on non-uniform fast Fourier transform (NUFFT) technique is proposed in this paper. The effectiveness and improvement of computational efficiency of the proposed imaging method are verified via processing the full-wave synthetic data generated by the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method.


We propose the technology of image correction in mobile devices based on the use of a parametric FIR filter. The filter is constructed using a frequency response specified in the form of a parametric family of centrally symmetric frequency characteristics. A model of a one-dimensional frequency response is used in the form of segments of three functions: parabola, constant, and exponential function. Within the framework of the proposed filter model, a mobile application has been created that implements two tuning schemes: identification of the filter parameters from the reference image and adjustment without a reference. Besides, it is possible to vary the frequency response parameter characterizing the mid-range interval, which provides additional possibilities for adjusting the quality of the recovery. An example of processing test images is given.


1 The effects of IVth ventricular injections of 1‐(2,5‐dimethoxy‐4‐iodophenyl)‐2‐aminopropane (DOI) on renal, splanchnic and cardiac sympathetic nerve activities, phrenic nerve activity, arterial blood pressure, heart rate, femoral arterial conductance, tracheal and intragastric pressures were investigated in α‐chloralose anaesthetized, neuromuscular blocked and artificially ventilated cats. 2 Cumulative doses of DOI (80, 160 and 320 nmol kg−1) injected into the IVth ventricle caused an increase in mean arterial blood pressure, a fall in femoral arterial conductance, an increase in tracheal pressure and a decrease in the rate of phrenic nerve bursts but did not affect any of the other variables recorded. 3 Even after i.v. administration of the peripheral 5‐HT2 antagonist BW501C67 (2 mg kg−1) following the highest dose of DOI there was still a significant pressor response, a fall in femoral arterial conductance and small increase in tracheal pressure. 4 In control experiments, intravenous infusion of noradrenaline to raise blood pressure to the levels obtained during the cumulative doses of DOI caused large falls in renal, splanchnic and cardiac nerve activities which were all significantly lower than those recorded during the cumulative doses of DOI. 5 The results of this study provide evidence for a brainstem site of action of DOI in producing hypertension and further support the hypothesis that central 5‐HT2 receptors are involved in the control of skeletal muscle and skin vascular beds.


ABSTRACT Individuals' motivation explains their efforts to meet their preference in consumption situations within family. This study aims to examine the relative importance of intrinsic and external elements of adolescents' tourist motivation in explaining their influence over parents' decisions regarding family vacation. We also look at the moderating role of disagreement resolution approach used in their family life. Data from 571 responses by adolescents in Taiwan revealed that seeking force (SF) is positively related to their perceived influence across the stages of family travel decisions. In contrast, adolescents' escape force (EF) is unrelated to these outcomes. Furthermore, adolescents' problem-solving orientation (PSO) to conflict resolution appears to strengthen the relatedness of SF to adolescents' perceived influence at the initiation stage (II), the search and evaluation stage (SEI) and the final decision stage (FDI). The non-problem-solving orientation (NPSO) to conflict resolution appears to weaken the relationship between EF and SEI. We also found an inverse-V-shaped pattern of influence as speculated. This contrasts with the conventional view of this as a declining or V-shaped pattern in family purchase decisions.


Disbursed computing is contemporary innovation as any other processing model in wide variety of business organization areas. Expansive portions of sizeable scale divisions are startingto pass the information on to the cloud situation. With the benefit of functionality as an management numerous undertakings are shifting their worthwhile facts to the cloud, since it costs much less, correctly adaptable and may be gotten to from anywhere on every occasion. advanced dynamic multi-watchword positioning inquiry plot with fine key by the use of encoded cloud records that all the whilst underpins dynamic refresh responsibilities as erasing and embeddings information. eager profundity first experiment calculation is accommodated effectiveness multi catchphrases on spot and listing shape. Cryptography is one of the building up believe fashions. on hand protection is a cryptographic technique to provide protection. In variety of scientists have been taking a shot at growing protection and effective on hand encryptiontypes. We take new possible cryptographic techniques relying on statistics structures like CRSA and BTree to improve the size of safety. We advise new multi-watchword are in search of for inquiry over encoded cloud records in recovering nice okay scored files.The vector area model and TFIDF display are applied to carry collectively document and question age. This paper facilities spherical multi catchphrase are looking for dependent on positioning over an encoded cloud facts. The pursuit utilizes the element of evaluation and internal item closeness coordinating. We advocate to assist the super ok Multi-full-content material search for safety and execution examination show off that the proposed model guarantees a immoderate health and not unusual sense and dynamic refresh activities, for example, erasing and such as files. The exploratory results show that the overhead in calculation and correspondence is low.


The review and analysis of the book 'On Strong Foundations: The BWIU and Industrial Relations in the Australian Constructio'n Industry 1942-1992' by Glenn Mitchell is discussed. The book highlights the work done by the Building Workers Industrial Union (BWIU) and changes brought about by it in the Australian construction industry. Review(s) of: On Strong Foundations: The BWIU and Industrial Relations in the Australian Construction Industry 1942-1992, by Glenn Mitchell, Harcourt Brace, Sydney, 1996, 368 pp.


A new efficient noise image algorithm is proposed. The edge effect and computational complexity of classical non local means filtering algorithm are improved. A new image similarity detection operator based on SSIM is put forward,and it is integrated with classical gaussian weighted Euclidean distance,so as to improve the classical non local mean filtering algorithm,to balance the edge filtering and flat area filtering. The improved non local mean filtering algorithm is introduced to the wavelet transform domain,firstly,the adaptive Canny operator is used to detect the edge of high dimension wavelet coefficient,so the edge image and the non edge image are obtained. The improved non local means algorithm and classical non local mean algorithm are used to deal with them respectively. Then,the operation of image fusion is conducted. Finally,the wavelet transform coefficients are reconstructed. The experimental results proved that,the performance of the algorithm in this paper is superior than the others.


We have prepared supramolecular systems of chiral Schiff base Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II) complexes and colloidal gold nanoparticles (AuNP) of 10 nm diameters. They demonstrated that direct adsorption of chiral Schiff base metal complex on the surface of AuNP owing to observation of clear induced CD spectra for the first time. We observed and discussed induced CD bands on AuNP from chiral Schiff base Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II) complexes.


A tape storage device which disregards a fault in recording of data on a tape recording medium is provided. The tape storage device which sequentially records data, is characterized by including: a recording section which records a data freshness degree on a tape recording medium, in association with new data to be newly recorded, the data freshness degree being information indicating how new thenew data is with respect to already-recorded old data; a determining section which determines whether or not a fault occurs in recording on the tape recording medium performed by the recording section; a reading section which reads a faulty portion freshness degree when it is determined that the fault occurs, the faulty portion freshness degree being the data freshness degree of a faulty portion on the tape recording medium; and a skip recording section which allows the recording section to record a data freshness degree higher than the faulty portion freshness degree, immediately before the faulty portion.


A new method for phase de-embedding of measured filter S-parameters is presented. In the method measured S-parameters including phase loading are approximated using Cauchy method employing polynomials of higher orders comparing to the orders of those polynomials resulting from the filter topology. For such polynomials their GCD(Greatest Common Divisors) are found what allowed to find filter S-parameters without phase loading.


A consistent strategy for the design of finite array antennas consisting of differently sized radiating elements is discussed. In view of increasing the total bandwidth of the antenna system, while maintaining a low mutual coupling between the elementary radiators, sparse subarrays, operating at adjacent frequency ranges, are interleaved on a common (shared) aperture. The sparse architectures are designed using a combinatorial method that ensures an acceptable behavior in the side-lobes region in conjunction with a narrow beamwidth. The effect of the mutual coupling between identical and differently sized elements is accurately evaluated and is accounted for in predicting the performance of each individual radiator. The concept is illustrated by designing a shared aperture antenna consisting of two interwoven subarrays that jointly cover a fractional bandwidth of 14% in the X-band. Cavity-backed, stacked-patches antennas with coaxial feeding are used as elementary radiators.


Fluid simulation using meshless methods has increasingly become a robust way to solve mechanics problems that require dealing with large deformations, in that way, it is briefly shown what the main challenges and advances in the area are. The smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) is then introduced. One of its variations is the Weakly Compressible SPH (WCSPH), which was used as a baseline to implement the method used in this work, called XSPH. Finally, four usual test cases of fluid simulation are analyzed: the lid-driven cavity flow, the dam break, the Poiseuille flow and the elliptic drop. The analysis concluded that the method used in this work performs at least as well as the most reliable and accurate models, and in some aspects performs better.


This study compared seventh- and eighth-grade students' test anxiety across three independent variables: culture, socioeconomic level, and gender. A self-report mea-sure of test anxiety-the Test Anxiety Scale for Children (TASC)-was given to four samples of students: 91 seventh-grade Chicago, Illinois, inner-city students; 103 eighth-graders from an upper-class section of Weston, Massachusetts; 352 seventh-and eighth-graders from a middle-class section of Holliston, Massachusetts; and 1,144 eighth-graders from Santiago, Chile (who completed a translated version of the TASC). Results showed that high-SES students from both cultures were significantly lower on test anxiety than low-SES students. South American students demonstrated generally higher levels of test anxiety than did North American students. Low-SES females across both cultures scored higher in test anxiety than did low-SES males, but high-SES females and males were not significantly different in test anxiety.


Microcholangiography using microbariu버 was done for radiological observation of the morphology of in trahepatic microbiliary system and its change after extrahepatic bile duct obstruction. Regurgitation of microbarium into the systemic circulation was also observed Extrahepatic bile ducts of 40 rabbits were ligated and microcholangiography was done just after ligation , after 1 day , 3 days and 5 days. Injection pressure of microbarium was 58cm H 2 0 in 20 rabbits and 93cm H 2 0 in another 20 rabbits Histologic findings of the liver was compared with microcholangiographic findings The results


It is widely agreed that more is true in a work of fiction than explicitly said. In addition to directly stipulated fictional content (explicit truth), inference and background assumptions give us implicit truths. However, this taxonomy of fictional truths overlooks an important class of fictional truth: those generated by literary formal features. Fictional works generate fictional content by both semantic and formal means, and content arising from formal features such as italics or font size are neither explicit nor implicit: not explicit since formal features don't say anything; and not implicit since content generated from formal features doesn't rely on other truths or background assumptions. In addition to showing that our current classification is incomplete, the new class of fictional truths provides four further upshots for definitions of fictional truth, story and work identity conditions, and the relationship between literary interpretation and fictional truth.


Under the vendor managed inventory(VMI) mode,a long-term inventory routing problem(IRP) was programmed to integrate the inventory and the routing dynamically in a new way.Focused on the customers with stochastic demands,three incremental policies of the IRP,including policy of fixed regions and fixed routes,policy of fixed regions and varied routes,and policy of varied regions and varied routes,were studied in proper sequence.In the three policies,the IRPs were solved by using newsvendor inventory model,sweep algorithm,decision-making of periodic stochastic inventory and saving algorithm respectively, and the optimal delivery quantity for each customer and the total shortest distribution distance in each policy were found.Thus IRP is transited step by step from short-term and static state to long-term and dynamic state to realize a mathematical description and solution closing to logistic distributing practice,which offers a new approach for the study of the stochastic IRP.