Abstract Disclosure: J. Joseph: None. I.A. Hashim: None. Background: Diabetes remains a prevalent chronic health condition. Measurement of glycated hemoglobin (A1c) is central to both diagnosis and to monitoring response to therapy and hence the extent of diabetes control. Use of A1c continues to increase in compliance with recommendations by the American Diabetes Association. The utility of A1c measurement at a large SafetyNet county hospital was assessed. In this analysis, our goal is to help guide utilization of A1c testing. Method: All A1c values performed over a period of 14 months between January 2021 to March 2022 were retrieved from the electronic health records system (Beaker, EPIC®). Statical analysis of all A1c data were performed using Excel Microsoft® and NCSS statistical software. A1c data were analyzed for prevalence of abnormalities (>6.5%). Results: A total of 28,760 A1c measurements were performed during the study period. Overall values ranged from 0.06% to >17.6% (Median 6.1%). Patients with A1c <5.7% (n=9535) representing 33% of tested patients. Patients with A1c values between 5.7% and 6.5% (n=7619) representing 26% of patients. Patients with A1c values between 6.5% and 11.0% (n = 10,001) representing 35% of patients. Patient in control with A1c values between 6.5% and 7.5% (n=1350) represented 35.8% of the diabetic population. Those poorly controlled A1c >9% (n=734) represented 19.4% of patients. The remaining patients (n=1605) representing 6% of patients had A1c values >11%. Conclusion: A1c testing is widely practiced with 35 % of patients being diabetic. A1c measurement identified 26% of patients in the pre-diabetic stage and that 33% were non-diabetic. The high HbA1c among some patients indicate a need for more proactive approach to their management. The high percentage of the measured population had A1c below 5.7% and thus raises the question of whether routine screening of A1c is cost-effective. Additional analysis for diabetic patients for degree of control and for assessment of urinary albumin levels is required. Presentation: Thursday, June 15, 2023


Participation in authentic research experiences is increasingly recognized as a high‐impact educational practice for undergraduate students and is associated with improvements in student learning, engagement, retention, and persistence in STEM fields. The benefits of authentic research participation for high school students have been less well‐studied. We developed a collaborative Summer Research Internship Program for high school students between California State University, Sacramento (Sac State) and Sacramento Country Day School (SCDS) emphasizing participation in physiology research. Our primary aims were to expose students to an academic research environment, explore mechanisms for mentoring students in early phases of the STEM pipeline, and strengthen connections between Sac State and SCDS. The Program targeted 11th and 12th grade students with an interest in pursuing science‐related careers. We piloted the Program in the summer of 2017 with one student interning in a cell physiology lab, followed by the official launch of the Program in the summer of 2018 with three students interning in two labs (cell physiology and neurophysiology). The Program grew to four mentors with a total of six students by the summer of 2019 and has expanded to include physiology, chemistry, and zoology labs. We gathered responses from all student interns to survey questions regarding their experiences with the Program. Before students began their internships, their expectations focused on learning what exactly research entails and generating a useful addition to their college applications. Student expectations at the onset of the Program closely matched our aim of providing an initial research exposure. Interestingly, when students reported their takeaways at the end of their internships, they noted different outcomes than their initial expectations. Student interns said they gained more far‐reaching benefits than mere exposure to research. These included a deeper appreciation for the time and effort required to complete a successful research project, the supportive and collegial relationships with their lab mates and research mentors, and the flexibility and ingenuity required in the research environment. Although a few students reported their internships made them more interested in pursuing a research career, even those who did not said they learned about the importance of research in their intended career path. We identified several other unexpected outcomes. Although the student interns differed in age by at most three years, this significantly impacted how we tailored the internship to each student. In addition, the interns expressed interest in learning how to analyze and communicate data for a scientific audience. Based on the interns' desire to be more involved in the scientific process, we intend to expand the current Internship Program to include an associated academic class at SCDS, focused on the reading, writing, analytical, and communication processes of science. We also aim to involve more research labs to increase student participation in the Program, and we will explore the possibility of students continuing their internships into the academic year to allow more in‐depth and sustained research experiences.


We have previously reported that dietary supplementation with milk at school for 24 months enhanced growth and bone mineral accretion in Chinese girls aged 10 years at baseline (Du et al. 2004). In that study, subjects were randomised into three groups according to their schools because, for both ethical and practical reasons, it was not possible to randomise subjects between supplemented and control groups within the same school. It has been suggested that the impact of a possible intra-cluster correlation should be taken into account in such a cluster-design randomisation trial (Varnell et al. 2004). Therefore, we have further analysed the data using the linear mixed model to allow for clustering by school, with the school defined as a random effect (Murray, 1997). To investigate any proportional effects of discrete variables (i.e. supplementation group), the continuous variables (i.e. bone and anthropometric measures) were subjected to natural log transformation. Outcomes were analysed by adjusting for the baseline value and the intervention group. For size-adjusted bone mineral content, bodyand bonesize variables including bone area, weight and height were also adjusted by inclusion in the model as the mean values and also the differences between the baseline values and those at the end of the trial. Menarcheal status as one potential confounding variable was also adjusted in the model for size-adjusted bone mineral content. The regression parameter bgroup for each intervention group, when multiplied by 100, represents the percentage difference between each of the intervention groups and the control group for each outcome measure (Cole, 2000). The percentage differences between the two intervention groups were calculated in a similar way. Estimates of the strength of a clustering effect within schools are provided by the intra-cluster correlation coefficient. All data were analysed by SAS (SAS for WINDOWS version 9.1; SAS Institute Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Compared with analyses made on the pooled individuals, the P values increased in the analyses allowing for clustering by school as degrees of freedom were reduced. However, as shown in Table 1, the significant effects of school-milk supplementation on height, sitting height, and total body bone mineral density remained in both intervention groups (P1⁄40·003–0·03 compared with P,0·0005 for analysis made at individual level). For weight, total body bone mineral content and total body sizeadjusted bone mineral content, the significant effects remained in the group receiving both Caand vitamin D-fortified milk (P1⁄40·005–0·03 compared with P,0·0005–P1⁄40·002 for analysis made at individual level), and a non-significant trend of greater gains was indicated in the group receiving milk fortified with Ca only (P1⁄40·07–0·12 compared with P,0·0005–P1⁄40·03 for analysis made at individual level). The intra-cluster correlation coefficient values were in the range of 0·010–0·025 for anthropometry measurements and 0–0·028 for the bone measurements. We conclude that the effects of this school-milk intervention study on growth and bone mineral accretion are still evident even after the reduction in the degrees of freedom when taking account of the cluster randomisation design.


The medical data classification problem has been well studied and there exist numerous approaches which uses different metrics and measures. However, the previous algorithms suffering in classification to achieve expected efficiency. To improve the performance of medical data classification, a CBES (Class Based Ensemble Similarity) based algorithm is presented. The method first computes amount of ensembles for dissimilar group of medical data. Second, for each class with the input sample, a CBES measure has been estimated. The CBES measure has been computed based on the number of complete features match of the ensemble and number of partial feature similarity appeared. Using both of them, the method computes the CBES measure for the given test sample. A single class of diseases has been defined based on the CBES measure. The suggested CBES method has reduced time complexity and enhanced classification performance.


We investigate the suitability of the "sequential doping" method of organic semiconductors for thermoelectric applications. The method consists of depositing a dopant (F4TCNQ) containing solution o ...


An energy absorbing device for motor vehicles, in particular bumpers, as blow-molded hollow bodies from thermoplastic material, enclosing a foam filling on all sides, wherein the hollow body has a plurality of respective sealed chambers (4a, b, c, d), receiving the foam filling, characterized in that the chambers ( 4a, b, c, having d) foam fillings of different energy absorption capacity, that at least one chamber (4d) one over the entire length of the component extending dimensionally rigid carrier (5) and that of forming the support (5) chamber (4d) includes a plurality in the longitudinal direction of the component extending chambers (4a, b, c) are preceded by forming in each case transversely to the longitudinal extension of the component at different levels of various impact zones, each with different energy absorption capacity.


At this time the use of social media from time to time has experienced rapid development, one of which is the social media twitter. Twitter social media has many benefits such as making tweets about daily activities. However, Twitter social media has a negative side in its use, one of which is online prostitution. Prostitution is an act of cyber crime that violates the rules and norms that exist in society. Therefore, to overcome these cyber crimes, the necessary action is to review online prostitution on Twitter social media. In this study, a digital forensic analysis was conducted on Twitter social media on smartphones related to acts of prostitution using the National Institute of Justice (NIJ). Based on the research conducted, digital evidence is obtained that can be accounted for by the perpetrators.


We demonstrate that mid-infrared quantum cascade laser frequency combs are highly suitable as high-accuracy frequency references. We fully stabilize the comb and exploit it for comb-calibrated spectroscopy, achieving 100-kHz frequency accuracy at 7.7 μm.


In Chapter Two, I argued that the Lagos Plan of Action (LPA) and the New Partnership for Africa's Development (NEPAD) used theories of economic development underpinned by belief and value systems that are not African, and therefore, that the philosophical assumptions of the two plans are not African. In Chapter Three, I reviewed the African value system and its ontological foundation that should constitute the ground of any African plan of development. In the present chapter, I will deal with the issue of how this African value system was neglected in the two strategies of Africa's economic development. I shall argue that the African value system has been neglected for two reasons.


Abstract:This article examines the ongoing debate over "comfort women" memorials, especially one statue known as the Statue of Peace. Whereas Japanese ultranationalists and their foreign collaborators attack "comfort women" memorials for tarnishing Japan's reputation and spreading historical falsities, progressive scholars sympathetic to "comfort women" victims criticize these memorials for reinforcing female chastity and anti-Japanese nationalism. Examining these varying responses to "comfort women" memorials across the Pacific, this article analyzes how Japanese ultranationalism, anti-Japanese Korean nationalism, US imperialism, and transnational feminism collide in the representation of "comfort women." By pointing out the significance and limitations of "comfort women" memorials, this article concludes with a discussion of how socially engaged memorials can serve as critical sites for building transnational feminist coalitions in shared struggle against both wartime violence and postwar amnesia.


Background: Saffold virus as a new member of cardiovirus genus in picornaviridae family has been suggested to be related to diarrheic cases and human airway diseases. However, relationship between Saffold virus and human diseases is unclear. In order to establish an investigation for the occurrence of Saffold virus among pediatric patients involved to acute gastroenteritis, we implemented a RT-PCR assay for detection and quantification of Saffold virus in stool specimens.
Materials and Methods: In this study, a total of 160 stool samples from September 2018 to May 2019 were collected from presenting pediatric patients with acute gastroenteritis in a Karaj hospital, Iran. After viral RNA extraction, the RT-PCR was performed to amplify the 5'UTR region of Saffold virus genome.
Results: Out of the 160 samples tested, the Saffold virus genomic RNA was detected in 26/160 (16.2%) of stool samples. The high Saffold virus detection rate was related to February (6/26 or 23%). The co-infection of Saffold virus with Aichivirus and Salivirus as other new emerging viruses was also assessed, among which high double or triple mixed-infections were determined.
Conclusion: This is the first documentation of Saffold virus detection in stool samples that demonstrates Saffold virus has been circulating among Iranian pediatric patients. Our results indicated that Saffold virus in association with Aichivirus and Salivirus may be possibly considered as causative agent of acute gastroenteritis.


The main purpose of this study was to investigate the links between forest dwellers' participation in reforestation and development of forest areas in west Mazandaran of Iran and a set of socio-economic variables. The statistical population includes all forest dwellers living in villages, which locate in the west Mazandaran in Iran and had been covered by local forestry cooperative. A sample of 110 forest dwellers were selected by the use of proportional random sampling method. A questionnaire was used to collect data. For determining the validity of questionnaire, the content validity was used. Cronbach's alpha was used to measure reliability of the index measuring level of participation in reforestation and development of forest areas that its extent was 0.86 and showed that mentioned variable had high reliability. The data were analyzed by the use of descriptive and inferential statistics such as extent of mean, standard deviation, coefficient of variation, correlation analysis and regression analysis. The findings revealed that age, level of literacy, level of participation in extension-education courses, using level of communication channels and information resources, level of forest dependency, social participation, social solidarity, economic and social motivations are positively and significantly (p<0.01) correlated with level of forest dwellers' participation in reforestation and development of forest areas. Household size is positively and significantly (p<0.05) correlated with level of forest dwellers' participation in reforestation and development of forest areas. The result of multiple regression showed that variables of level of participation in extension-education courses, age, household size, level of economic motivation, social solidarity and level of literacy could explain 51.4% of the variation in the level of forest dwellers' participation in reforestation and development of forest areas.


Economic growth is indispensable for the development of a country and welfare of its citizens. Economic activities can be improved with the enhancement of business sectors within its structure. Furthermore, exportation is a substantial means of reinforcing economic growth. In this research, the correlation between the fresh fruit & vegetable exportation and the economic growth of the Republic of Turkey is examined. Certain econometric methods as Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) test, Unit Root test, Phillips-Perron (PP) Unit Root test, Kwiatkowski, Phillips, Schmidt, Shin (KPSS) Unit Root test, Vector Auto-regression Analysis (VAR), Co-integration Analysis, Error Correction Model (VECM), Impulse-response Functions and Variance Decomposition Analysis are employed to research the correlation for the 2004 Q1-2015 Q4 period. It was concluded that the exportation of fresh fruits and vegetables have a favorable contribution to the economic growth of the Republic of Turkey in the long-run.


A careful analysis of the syntax in the Alfenus Varus' Digesta pointed out the presence of a high percentage of hypothetical periods. Hypothetical and relative clauses occur most frequently in this author there are about 15 hypothetical periods every 100 lines . But what matters is that they are not in accordance with the classical Latin hypothetical period. This is a very attractive point, if we consider that Alfenus lived in Cicero's time and that it was a Servius' pupil. We know indeed that he was probably born in Cremona and, as Bauman postulates, that his family was "impoverished by Sulla and making a fresh start; failing that it possibly injects a Marian connection into the jurist's family history which goes well with his Caesarian affiliations". He went to


This work presents salient features of a new photonic crystal fiber composed of silica in background and coating of gold in holes. This has been done by computing the effective refractive index of semi-vectorial wave propagation equation using the dielectric properties of these materials by finite difference method under analytical boundary condition. The effect of the different filling factor of gold and also the effect of intensity on wave propagation are analyzed respectively with the same adequate physical condition. These results should be useful in obtaining the flattened dispersion with a small effective area in the presence of nonlinearity.


Airports are an essential part of the air transportation system. They play a vital role not only within the macro environment of transportation, but also in the process of increasing the quality of life of their regional economies and direct participation in wealth creation. Historically, publicly owned and generally strictly controlled airports have been treated as "Public Utilities", with public service obligations (Doganis, 1992). Consequently, the economic performance of airports was not given top priority. With widespread airline privatisation and commercialisation, progress toward airport commercialisation and economic performance has grown in importance. Increasingly airports are real enterprises, their goal being long-term profit generation to both sustain independent development and reward stakeholders. For most airports their application of Internet Technology is a Web site. However this is limited to a marketing presence, or a simple electronic brochure. Most sites are static, incapable of supporting online commerce. A very small number of airports use the Internet to manage internal operations-maintenance, scheduling, billing, purchasing, accounting, and personnel, and still fewer airports are connected electronically to their suppliers and business partners. Overall the Internet's contribution to airport economic performance is insignificant. The objective of this paper is to discuss the improvement of airport economic performance through Internet Technology. It starts with consideration of airport business models, followed by airport revenue and cost structure, and then analysis of airport economic performance measurement, finally, it provides some solutions for airports and future Internet applications.


Purpose: Carcinoma associated with anal fistula is a relatively rare carcinoma that occurs when a chronic anal fistula becomes cancerous. We carried out a clinicopathologic study of carcinoma associated with anal fistula. Method: We analyzed the clinicopathologic features and treatment outcomes of 25 patients with carcinoma associated with anal fistula who were treated at our hospital between 1997 and 2014. Results: The mean age of the patients was 58 years (34–82 years), and the male to female ratio was 23 : 2. The median number of years between the onset of anal fistula and the onset of carcinoma was 12 (1–50 years). Seven patients had suffered from Crohn disease for a median of 23 years (12–29 years). The diagnosis of carcinoma associated with anal fistula was established by evaluation under lumbar anesthesia in 14 patients, endoscopic biopsy in 6, office biopsy (local anesthesia) in 3, mucus cytology in 1, and intraoperative biopsy in 1. Thirteen patients underwent repeated biopsy. Fourteen patients underwent abdominoperineal resection, 10 underwent total pelvic exenteration, and 1 underwent Hartmann's operation. Histologically, 68% of patients had mucinous adenocarcinoma and 40% had nodal involvement. Curative resection was performed in 18 of 25 patients. The 5-year overall survival rate was 45.8%. Survival was influenced significantly by curability ( P <0.0001). We found no significant difference in clinicopathologic features between patients with or without Crohn disease. Conclusion: High clinical suspicion is crucial to avoid any delay in the diagnosis and treatment of carcinoma associated with anal fistula. Patients with long-term chronic anal fistula should focus on changes in or deterioration of the symptoms. Biopsy and cytology must be repeated if there are new findings that signal any possible malignant transformation. Aggressive excision with a clear margin is required for cure.


The present paper on Philip Roth"s novel The Humbling (2009) analyses how the sacrosanct ideals of a unified family and marital life have begun to be questioned in the contemporary times. Philip Roth is a postmodernist as many of his "works critique and parody grand narratives, meta-concepts, and meta-ideologies" (Statlander 5). In The Humbling, he writes about the meta-institution of traditional family which seems to whip its individuals physically and mentally. He shows that even though the different communities living in America have economically established themselves, yet their family lives continue to be traditional and patriarchal with homes often acting as torture chambers for the individuals living in them. Roth seems to suggest here that a stressful or troublesome family life, the sooner it ends, the better it is. The protagonist Simon Axler in The Humbling finds that a release from the invidious torture of his family is better as it would afford a constructive and positive solution to him for his situations of crisis and depression. In Roth"s fiction, one notices that the traditional society does not let a person breathe easy: if at any time, one chooses to ignore the family, the community or the society, it imposes a guilt complex on one"s consciousness. One is compelled to live in perplexity as if one has committed a crime against either one"s family or the society. However, Roth suggests that in order to attain happiness, one has to come out of the "prescriptive limitations and, most of all the guilt associate[d] with over-stepping the boundaries that family, one"s ethnic group, society, and the Mosaic laws have set" (Statlander 11). Dan Isaac makes it more understandable by saying: The characters created by Philip Roth are men in the middle, lacking a sure sense of values. They are continually concerned with complex alternatives. Placed in problematic situations, they are forced to think their position through and come out with a new formulation. Two value systems clash and a sympathetic character makes a significant choice. (91)


Corey lactone is the key intermediate of synthetizing the prostaglandin analogues. In this paper, we use the norbornadiene as the raw material to synthetize the Corey lactone. Through Prins reaction, Baeyer-Villiger oxidation, splitting the chiral intermediate and a series of reaction suc- cessfully, the structure has been confirmed by the LC-MS and the NMR. The reagent and the solvent which are used in this method are so common and inexpensive that they can be suitable for indu- strialized production.


The author shows that it was neither Maurice Allais [1947] nor Paul Samuelson [1958] who "invented" the overlapping generations model, but the Italian writer Italo Calvino. In a short story written in 1944, all the basic elements where in place, and Calvino proves that not only, there exists an equilibrium, but also that this equilibrium is unstable to small exogenous shocks, such as an imported generation that is more honest than the existing ones. The model is extended to other situations such as the celebrated Dutch tulipmania and the Madoffmania, as well as to the stability, or rather, the instability of marriage. Classification JEL : B20, B22, B50, E13, Z11 (This abstract was borrowed from another version of this item.) (This abstract was borrowed from another version of this item.)


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to bring in and clarify the performance of the Vreman and dynamic Vreman models (VM and DVM) in simulating the internal flow of the centrifugal pump impeller. Design/methodology/approach – Four subgrid scale (SGS) models, including the Smagorinsky model, the dynamic Smagorinsky model, the VM and the DVM are chosen to study the performance in predicting the flow field in the centrifugal pump impeller at design load. The velocity and turbulent kinetic energy distributions are compared. Also, the temporal variation of the model coefficient of the DVM is studied. Findings – The results of all the four models show agreement with both the PIV and LDV data. It is clarified that the VM and the DVM are adaptive in simulating the turbulent flow in the centrifugal pump at design load, and the DVM shows even better performance in predicting the velocity distribution. Additionally, the temporal variation of the model coefficient of the DVM is about 0.01, which is the optimal valu...


Following a radical cystectomy to treat bladder cancer, the ureters can be implanted in a short loop of ileum, which serves as an orthotopic bladder replacement. However, several investigators have reported the frequent development of a normal anion gap metabolic acidosis and electrolyte disturbance in these patients. The colon segments secrete sodium and bicarbonate ions and reabsorb ammonium, hydrogen, and chloride ions when exposed to urine, causing metabolic acidosis. In most cases, the acid-base disorder is not very troublesome. The metabolic acidosis can usually be corrected by administering sodium bicarbonate. We experienced a case of severe metabolic acidosis associated with urinary diversion that improved with continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT). (Korean J Med 76:764-768, 2009)


This study extends current knowledge of upper echelon executive compensation beyond the CEO, specifically CFO compensation, based on whether they possess generalist or specialist skills. We find that �strategic� CFOs with an elite MBA (generalist) consistently command a compensation premium, while �accounting� CFOs (specialist) and CFOs with a non-MBA master's degree, even from an elite institution, do not. Further, scarce �strategic� CFOs are awarded both higher salaries and higher equity-based compensation. Our findings support the view that unique complementarities between scarce CFOs and firms increase these executives' bargaining power leading to pay premium. Our results are robust to post-hiring years, firm sizes, board characteristics, and CFO's insider/outsider status. We contribute at the confluence of upper-echelon compensation, executive human capital, resource-based view, and assortative matching literatures.


It has been acknowledged that there are many mistakes in the casualty variables on the police accident report forms. This study shows how a computer based linkage of police and hospital records can be used to routinely identify the mistakes for the variables of casualty age, gender and severity. The level of omissions and mis-identifications were 0.4 per cent for gender, 13.3 per cent for severity and 15.7 per cent for age. The number of records that had age omitted or coded incorrectly were not significantly greater for seriously injured casualties than for those that were slightly injured. The system could be effectively used to code casualty severity using medical information instead of relying on police judgement.


In this study, 454-pyrosequencing was used to evaluate the effect of two termiticidal baits, hexaflumuron and diflubenzuron, on the bacterial gut community in two Reticulitermes flavipes colonies and one Reticulitermes tibialis colony. Results showed two bacterial groups to be most abundant in the gut, the Bacteroidetes and Spirochaetes, both of which do not appear to be adversely affected by bait treatment according to analysis conducted to date. Other major bacterial lineages present included Actinobacteria, Fibrobacteres, Firmicutes, Fusobacteria, Proteobacteria, Tenericutes, TM7, Verrucomicrobia and unclassified species, which matches closely with other studies examining termite gut bacteria. Phylogenetic analysis examining similarity among treated groups versus controls showed a treatment effect in both R. flavipes colonies, but no effect on R. tibialis samples. Overall community analysis also showed treatment groups were separated by their collection location indicating a distinct bacterial community within a colony. Future analysis will focus on the types of bacteria affected by bait treatment and the role of these changes in overall termite fitness.


A random neural network model is found to exhibit rhythmic activity which is very similar to that of the brain waves. Dimensional analysis suggests that chaotic attractors reconstructed by the embedding method are high-dimensional ones.


After a quarter century of relative plenty, academic medical centers find themselves in a serious financial squeeze that is beginning to compromise their triple mission of teaching, research, and c...


Studying identity, be it ethnic, cultural, linguistic, national or regional, in the contemporary context becomes troublesome because the scholar is faced with a whole range of social and cultural forms that co-exist uncomfortably with existing definitions of social identity. Moreover, although identity has been a central concern in a number of disciplines during the past decades, there has been considerable disagreement regarding the methodological tools most suitable to study its formation and change. The aim of this Special Issue is to discuss the usefulness of the very concept as well as the main methodological tools suitable to analyse identity-related phenomena today. In this introductory chapter, we provide for a general definition of the concept and elaborate on recent theoretical and conceptual developments regarding the nature of identity in the sociological, discourse studies and social psychological literature. In the concluding section, we introduce the individual contributions presented in this issue.


Based on theories of risk avoidance and through documentation and logical analysis, Beijing 2008 Olympic games investment venture and control manage were researched, expecting the investment venture which may exist in Beijing 2008 Olympic games can be well control and manage. So that the biggest economic benefit can be one of the smallest investment.


A numerical scheme is described for the modeling of a general electrically and magnetically dispersive medium in the time‐domain finite‐element analysis of electromagnetic problems. This approach employs the recursive fast Fourier transform to evaluate the time convolutions induced by dispersion. Its implementation needs only the values of the susceptibility functions instead of their pole expansions as required by previous approaches based on recursive convolution. © Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 1837–1841, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23488


In this note we discuss the global dynamics of an integrable nonlocal NLS on $\mathbb{R}$, which has been the object of recent investigation by integrable systems methods. We prove two results which are in striking contrast with the case of the local cubic focusing NLS on $\mathbb{R}$. First, finite time blow-up solutions exist with arbitrarily small initial data in $H^s(\mathbb{R})$, for any $s\geqslant0$. On the other hand, the solitons of the local NLS, which are also solutions of the nonlocal equation, are unstable by blow-up for the latter.


growth modulation of protein kinase/phosphatase mutants DTU Orbit (31/12/2018)  Time dependent physiological characterization of yeast oxidative stress response and growth modulation of protein kinase/phosphatase mutants The objective of the project was to investigate the time-dependent batch growth effects of oxidative environmental conditions on protein ki nase (PK) and phosphatase (PP) deletion mutants and relevant wild type strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae . To achieve this goal, 44 different PK and PP mutants were selected for their known activities in various stress response pathways, including oxidative stress, and were investigated for their response to oxidative stress. Hydrogen peroxide was us ed as the oxidizing agent at a number of different concentrations ranging from mild to moderate stress (0.25, 0.50 and 1.0 mM). Understanding the growth physiology of S. cerevisiae allows us to estimate the link between genotype and stress-response phenotype. Growth physiology parameters, such as growth rate, diauxic shift times, stress-induced stasis times, were measured in fermentative batch cultures as important in dicators of cellular fitness. We used a high-throughput microfermentation system (BioLector, m2p-labs) to retrieve these indicators of cellular fitness and perform our batch fermentations.


The cyclic voltammetry of Ru(bpy)32+ in the presence of calf thymus DNA has been studied. Theoretical simulations using DigiSim were performed for the voltammetry of the metal complex in the presence of DNA where the only interaction between the metal complex and DNA was electrostatic binding to the polyanion. The expected binding isotherm was obtained from the simulated voltammetry with input affinities similar to that of Ru(bpy)32+. The expected binding isotherm was not obtained for simulations with high affinities (>106 M-1) expected for intercalating complexes that exhibit neighbor exclusion, because the commercially available version of DigiSim treats only simple equilibria and cannot treat exclusion of binding to adjacent sites. Simulations were then performed for the case where the +3 state of the metal complex oxidizes the guanine base in DNA in a catalytic mechanism. The dependence of icat/id on scan rate and the second-order rate constant for the homogeneous chemical step was determined for the ...


After having been stigmatized for a long time as one of the most inegalitarian countries worldwide, Brazil has shown a decrease in its income inequalities since the second half of the nineties. The fall in regional as well as in income inequalities appears to be the result of the deindustrialization process Brazil has undergone since the end of the eighties. Unlike what is sometimes said, President Lula's coming into office cannot explain these changes.


The present and prospective rapidly increasing usefulness of good LCAO-MO calculations on the electronic states of simple molecules in the interpretation of observed excited states is pointed out. As examples, the observed and predicted states of, in particular, the π3π configurations of N2 and CO are compared with those of C2H2 and HCN and with those of CO2 and CS2. Further, the results of LCAO-SCF calculations on CO2 and on O3 are surveyed, and it is shown how these can be helpful in interpreting and understanding the ground and excited states of AB2 (expecially AO2) molecules in general. A new interpretation of the so-called d3П state of CO as a case b πu3πg, 3Δu state is proposed. Tentative interpretations of some of the ultraviolet absorption spectra of C2H2, HCN, and of a number of AB2 molecules are reviewed or suggested, including some discussion of the shapes of excited states. The AB2 discussion is a revision of one given earlier. Finally, following up a suggestion of Coon, it is pointed out that...


Piper longum commonly known as "long pepper" is a well-known medicinal plant in Ayurveda. Different parts of this plant, such as root, seed, fruit, whole plant etc. are used traditionally in various ailments.Herbs are natural remedies for the disease with higher safety profile and efficacy. The country like India has got variety of climatic conditions and seasons favorable for growth of many species of plants. Amongst the large number of herbal drugs existing in India, very few have been studied systematically so far. The list of drugs is very meticulous and diversified hence extensive efforts are required for their correct recognition. Piper longum is a highly valuable drug and is one of the essential ingredients in most of the compound preparations. Hence, an attempt has been made to collect Piper longum, isolate protein and to purify using HPLC and MS MALDI techniques. Further in this paper invitro studies like Nitric oxide radical scavenging activity and Ferrous ion reducing activity invitro studies have also been carried out.


A step-down regulator with wide input voltage was proposed,which was used for power LED driver.This circuit consisted of pre-regulator,bandgap voltage reference and linear regulator,and the maximum input voltage could reach 40V.The circuit was simulated based on CSMC 0.5μm BCD process model.The results showed that under different process corner,when the load current was 5mA and the input voltage changed from 6Vto 40V,the average value of the output voltage of bandgap voltage reference and step-down regulator were 1.206 4Vand 5.012 1V,and the biggest variation were about 0.9mV and 12.3mV.When the load current changed from 1mA to 100mA with an input voltage of 40V,the output voltage changed about 3.3mV.This regulator had a power supply rejection ratio(PSRR)of at least 112dB at low frequency.


USING DATA FURNISHED BY THE STATE OF ILLINOIS, THE DIRECT COSTS OF ACCIDENTS OCCURRING ON THE CALIFORNIA STATE HIGHWAY SYSTEM HAVE BEEN ESTIMATED. THESE COSTS HAVE BEEN CATEGORIZED BY SEVERITY, VEHICLE TYPE (CARS/TRUCKS), ACCESS CONTROL (FREEWAY/NONFREEWAY), AND THE RURAL-URBAN DICHOTOMY. THREE POSSIBLE PLANNING AND BUDGETING USES OF ACCIDENT COST DATA ARE SUGGESTED. /AUTHOR/


Computer vision presents an attractive sensor option for micro aerial vehicle (MAV) applications due to the payload and performance restrictions imposed by typical mission scenarios. Optical flow can be measured by tracking the perceived motion of feature points between successive image frames. This perceived featurepoint motion yields information regarding vehicle motion as described through geometric relationships. This paper presents an optimization-based approach to estimate aircraft angular rates and wind-axis angles using monocular vision. A bias in the optical-flow equations is lev eraged to decouple components resulting from angular and translational motion, respectively. Attempts to resolve the ambiguity introduced by the loss of depth information are avoided through this decoupling. Additionally, estimator performance is shown to rely on proper selection of feature points used for the estimation process. Parallax measurements are used to identify features that are most likely to yield accurate state estimates. The technique is then demonstrated through simulation.


As raw material,Cyperus and peanut was made into instant flavour Cyperus flour.Base on the amount and quality of flour,optimum conditions were obtained by single-factor and orthogonal test.Results showed that optimum conditions of enzymolysis were followed:0.8% of α-amylase content,65 ℃ of enzymolysis temperature,40 min of enzymolysis time.In addition,orthogonal test results of homogenization and spray drying parameters were followed:40 MPa of homogenization pressure,190 ℃ of inlet temperature,90 ℃ of outlet temperature.In these condition,the instant flavour Cyperus flour had loose character and high dissolubility.


Abstract This essay examines the career of James Ogilvie, an innovative orator of the early nineteenth century—one of the first performers to attain celebrity in the United States—who subsequently sought to transfer his fame to Britain. Whereas most scholars scrutinise the phenomenon of celebrity by focusing on its reliance on print and consumer culture, this essay argues for the importance of social networks of friends, patrons and the cultivation of word-of-mouth reputation as a foundation for the creation of celebrity. This research demonstrates that even a socially inconsequential man might play an active role in engaging those networks to build his own fame. Ogilvie's case also demonstrates the obstacles faced by performers who sought to translate celebrity from one social, national and media setting to another. By placing individual agency and social networks at the centre, this essay ultimately seeks to understand the phenomenon of celebrity in its early years.


Phosphate solubilising ability of five Streptomyces isolated from the phyllosphere ofHeritiera fomes grown in Bhitarkanika mangrove ecosystem  was evaluated  using tricalcium phosphate (TCP) in both plates and broth culture conditions as well as with and without NaCl. Streptomyces ST24 showed highest solubilization of TCP, with 50.8 and 48.0 mm of halo zone in the plate assay done at pH 7.2 and temperatures 30 and 37°C. Streptomyces ST21, ST24 and ST26 showed good solubilization of TCP in culture medium with 52.15, 50.77 and 52.07 µg/ml, respectively. The requirement of NaCl for better solubilization of TCP was observed in all Streptomyces. However, ST23 and ST24 showed solubilization activity without addition of NaCl. Thus the solubilization potential varies among different isolates of Streptomyces. It also differed according to incubation period. Over all, the best solubilization ability of all testStreptomyces could be observed in the presence of 0.2% NaCl. The solubilization might be due to production of acids by the culture, since the pH of the culture broth was changed from initial pH of 7.2 and 9.0 to lower pH values.

 Key words: Phosphate solubilization, Streptomyces, mangrove, salt, NaCl.


The entrance surfaces and outlet surfaces of depth type filter materials were used separately as a test surface to verify the filter performance of the materials,a corresponding conclusion was derived based on the difference of their application results.


Over 500 references survive to payment in return for control over land in Anglo-Saxon England. This article considers these documents as a source for social developments. Issues which are explored include the identities of buyers and sellers, changes in the roles of these groups over the period, and the likely aims and concerns of different individuals and institutions who paid for land. A chronology is developed for the participation of various groups in land payments. Payments emerge as a significant component in definitions of status and strategies of land management, albeit closely interwoven with other forms of transaction.


The fluid moves the hammer to have in the drilling construction can enhance the hard rock drill advance speed merit, this article links to the project reality, introduced the wire line coring fluid moves the hammer drilling technology in the Hongjiang green hill hole gold ore area service condition; And has carried on the analysis discussion to the application effect.


To shorten the time of RS image pre-processing, this paper considered to realize the automation of choosing image process before downloading. RS images are big files, for example, one scene of CBERS-CCD multi-spectrum image can be more than 100 Mb. The searching methods on the satellite data issue webpage are limited, and the searching results still need more time to choose which images are worth studying. This paper took the choosing process of CBERS images as example, and broke through the conventional searching methods in, and then built the retrieval module of choosing CBERS images by considering the demand of disaster mitigation to help the users quick and effective find the aimed data to study. Firstly, ordered a certain time and space range in the CBERS issue Webpage to search image, built a scene-center database from the information of the search results, such as PATH, ROW, longitude, latitude etc., from which the standard scene-center point's matrix was calculated according to the satellite imaging character. Take the standard scene-center point's matrix as normal imaging scene-center points; screen out the scene-center points in a threshold range. Secondly, in order to obtain the better result of change detection, two choosing rules about imaging time were founded and actualized by Matlab. In the end, the chosen points were overlaid with the isoseismals, the spatial analysis method 'identity' is applied to get the priority download list of CBERS images.


Abstract. A study of a silicon metal oxide semiconductor (MOS)-type light-emitting device (LED) in which the p–n junction works under a reverse bias and the gate voltage is applied to modulate the electric field distribution from the p+ region through the n region. The use of gate voltage could result in the generation of a field-induced junction which leads to a decrease of the operating voltage of the LED compared to the two terminal p–n junction LED. The dynamics of the photonic emission in the structure and its related response time, and then a more detailed theoretical and simulation understanding of the photonic emission is achieved, which definitively demonstrates the capability of the device in which a reverse-bias region showing light modulation with multi-GHz bandwidth and gigabit-per-second data rate at near-infrared wavelength. Although the emitted optical power is weak, it is advantageous to utilize the device in all-silicon optoelectronic integrated circuits, especially for short-distance on-chip optical interconnects achieved by standard complementary MOS technology.


On June 15, the Victorian government was rocketed by a corruption scandal, and the government started the search for more Covid19 cases, by increasing the number of tests per day, and by focusing the testing on the more disadvantaged suburbs of Melbourne, where more cases where expected. By over-testing and then over-controlling, the percentage of positive cases over tested that was initially about constant at everything but worrying values of 0.1 to 0.2%, i.e. 1 to 2 over 1,000, has dramatically increased, by a factor of 10, now approaching 2%. Apart from mass testing knocking doors after doors of single-family homes, one potentially infected family after the other, with entire public buildings looked down, and all the occupants prevented from leaving the building and mass tested, a sample wrong indication is for people feeling sick to reach a hospital possibly moving by public transport within a 5 million people city, to get tested after having queued and then returning home. We predicted since the early days after June 15 that this strategy could have brought to the first real dangerous outbreak of Covid19 in Australia, and this is exactly what they have achieved.


(Title: Japanese verb compound words) As an agglutinative language, the formation of the word in Japanese is done morphologically. The word joins Japanese consists of compound words (複合 語), words reduplication (畳 語), and derivative words (派生 語). This study aims to describe the structure and relationship of the meaning of verb compound words. The method used is the descriptive method. As a result of the study, it was found that verb compound words have patterns (N + V), (V + V), (A + V), and (AD + V). The relation of the meaning of the pattern (N + V) is A subject B, object B, and A tool or material B. The relation of the meaning of the pattern (V + V) is the first/second element to lose its substantive meaning, the first and second elements cannot be described again, parallel relations (synonyms and antonyms). There is not much pattern (A + V) found. The pattern (AD + V) expresses the description of the situation with onomatopoeia.


We report intermediate results of an ongoing study into the effectiveness of robot gaze behaviors when addressing multiple persons. The work is being carried out as part of the EU FP7 project FROG and concerns the design and evaluation of interactive behaviors of a tour guide robot. Our objective is to understand how to address and engage multiple visitors simultaneously. The robot engages small groups of visitors in interaction and offers information on objects of interest. In the current experiment, a robot tells three visitors about two different paintings. A 2 × 2 independent factorial design is used. The robot engages the three visitors in mutual gaze by looking at the artwork while talking about it vs. only looking at the visitors (between subject-groups). Also, the robot `favors' one of the three participants by directing it's gaze at them more frequently and longer compared to the other two participants. We are interested to find out whether gaze at the object of interest and favoring through gaze has an effect on the user's experience and knowledge retention. Preliminary results indicate that a robot that engages visitors in mutual gaze is seen as more humanlike and `favoring' a person in a small group positively influences attitudes toward the robot.


The study provides a new design for passive cooling system using Wind-catcher of an earth-to-air heat exchanger (WEAHE). Increase space Wind-catcher and supply Natural lighting, Performs part of Wind-catcher into the earth. To take advantage of underground water to moisten the air movement paths in the walls, pipes and Air moves into indoor air column depending on pressure. After we found that Wind-catcher which has been used in traditional architecture for long periods has disappeared in modern housing after the emergence of mechanical ventilation and because the amount of air provided are few that do not meet the limits of thermal comfort requirements of the modern man. The studies are aimed at evaluating the performance of wind-catcher of an earth-to-air heat exchanger in improving the internal environment and reduce energy consumption in the hot dry areas, including the city of Baghdad. The study was conducted in the summer of 2014 the month of July, August, September For three days and two stages. First: To conduct field measurements housing in the city of Baghdad has a Wind-catcher optimizer deport 2.5 * 1.8 m. Second: constructing a model represents the first development of the model by adding vertical and horizontal corridors deeply 3m to move the antenna in the ground and a computer simulation using a numerical simulation program (CFD). Results showed during the summer to increase Wind-catcher clip offset by increased air flow and temperature has dropped about 18°C was outside temperature 45.3°C and improvement in the relative humidity to 23%, The coefficient of performance (COP) of WEAHE system in this paper difference 3.43-5.24 with the increase in air speed 1.5-3.5 m/s. This makes the new design WEAHE a means for self-cooling and sustainable source of Illumination day and reduces the consumption of energy in the hot dry countries such as Iraq.


The rapid development of national economy, not only requires the occupation education to meet the personnel quantity requirements, but also to ensure the quality of talents. In order to make the occupation education and healthy development, the state issued a series of preferential policies, to encourage students to enter the occupation college, also set aside funds to support the development of a large number of occupation education. As culture occupation occupation colleges talents must do a good job of the personnel training work, provide qualified enough, the occupation personnel for the country's economic construction, combined with China's specific national conditions, explore the work-process-oriented curriculum system is suitable for the development of education in our vocational curriculum system, to our country to cultivate applied talents of technology. Keywords-working process; The curriculum system; Reform in Educatio;Vocational Education;Technical personnel.


Oil & Gas pipelines must be inspected on a regular basis to ensure fitnessfor-service. Corrosion and mechanical damages are t he most critical and recurrent degradation that must be inspected under API-579 or ASME-B31G inspection codes. Various non-destructive methods have been us d to measure these damages, such as pit gauge and ultrasound probes. A contact method is always problematic due to the deteriorated external surface. Encoding a scan is also a challenge, requiring mechanical scanners or fixture to fit the specific component geometry for referencing the defect position. 3D laser scanning emerged over the last 5 years as an efficient alternative for accurate surface degradation assessment. Itoffers t h versatility needed to inspect various geometries with a same system. Corrosion an d mechanical damages can now be characterized with very high accuracy and re peatability. Advanced analysis is made possible on complex scen arios such as concave or convex surface of a bended pipeline, combined defec ts with corrosion pits inside dents, or automated strain-based analysis on dents. 3D laser scanning is pushing the common limits of manual external damage assessment and can solve highly complicated situations formerly considered as an au tomatic reject due to the inspection complexity or limitations. More info about this article: http://ndt.net/?id=19468


A system and method for the supply, distribution, and user certificate initiation is provided in a concentrated WWAN-WLAN interworking network. A computing device 108 capable of operating in a wireless local area network and transmits the public key to the mobile device operable in a wireless cellular wide area network (206). The mobile device performs a bootstrapping procedure with a cellular operator in the wireless wide area network (208) to obtain a user certificate based on the public key (210). The mobile device transmits the user certificate to the computing device for installation on the computing device 214. User certificates are used to digitally sign, verify, encrypt purposes (218). The user certificate may be used for authenticating a subscriber when accessing services from both networks at both the wireless local area network and a wireless wide area network (213, 218). A mobile terminal, an operator, a wireless local area network, a wireless wide area network, the user certificate, the public key


High‐resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR‐pQCT) has recently been introduced as a clinical research tool for in vivo assessment of bone quality. The utility of this technology to address important skeletal health questions requires translation to standardized multicenter data pools. Our goal was to evaluate the feasibility of pooling data in multicenter HR‐pQCT imaging trials. Reproducibility imaging experiments were performed using structure and composition‐realistic phantoms constructed from cadaveric radii. Single‐center precision was determined by repeat scanning over short‐term (<72 hours), intermediate‐term (3–5 months), and long‐term intervals (28 months). Multicenter precision was determined by imaging the phantoms at nine different HR‐pQCT centers. Least significant change (LSC) and root mean squared coefficient of variation (RMSCV) for each interval and across centers was calculated for bone density, geometry, microstructure, and biomechanical parameters. Single‐center short‐term RMSCVs were <1% for all parameters except cortical thickness (Ct.Th) (1.1%), spatial variability in cortical thickness (Ct.Th.SD) (2.6%), standard deviation of trabecular separation (Tb.Sp.SD) (1.8%), and porosity measures (6% to 8%). Intermediate‐term RMSCVs were generally not statistically different from short‐term values. Long‐term variability was significantly greater for all density measures (0.7% to 2.0%; p < 0.05 versus short‐term) and several structure measures: cortical thickness (Ct.Th) (3.4%; p < 0.01 versus short‐term), cortical porosity (Ct.Po) (15.4%; p < 0.01 versus short‐term), and trabecular thickness (Tb.Th) (2.2%; p < 0.01 versus short‐term). Multicenter RMSCVs were also significantly higher than short‐term values: 2% to 4% for density and micro–finite element analysis (µFE) measures (p < 0.0001), 2.6% to 5.3% for morphometric measures (p < 0.001), whereas Ct.Po was 16.2% (p < 0.001). In the absence of subject motion, multicenter precision errors for HR‐pQCT parameters were generally less than 5%. Phantom‐based multicenter precision was comparable to previously reported in in vivo single‐center precision errors, although this was approximately two to five times worse than ex vivo short‐term precision. The data generated from this study will contribute to the future design and validation of standardized procedures that are broadly translatable to multicenter study designs. © 2013 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.


Thermal comfort is a major factor for a building's design, and is associated to room temperature conditions. Thermal comfort depends on climatic variables and several individual / subjective factors such as clothing, acclimatization, age, gender, level of health, and others. Measurements of thermal comfort made via Meteoblue and SunHour software at the Rifain Digital Printing location provide data including temperature, humidity, sun exposure and wind speed. The data is then synthesized using CBE Thermal Comfort, a software that detects conformity to thermal comfort standards in a room. The results of measurement and data synthesis indicated that the building requires a cooling temperature of 5.2 ° C. From these results, it can be said that the thermal comfort of Rifain Digital Printing is not optimal. Improvements are needed to the existing thermal conditions. One of the efforts to optimize thermal comfort is the use of vegetation and water (Talarosha, 2005). Based on synthesis result obtained through research and data processing through literature studies, we came up with a solution, namely a vertical garden with a water wall system design as an effort to overcome the problem of thermal comfort in the Rifain Digital Printing building.


Niehans and Hewson [3, p. 1] have claimed the significant impact of the Euromarkets to consist in liquidity distribution rather than liquidity creation. It is the intention of this note to indicate that this conclusion follows from results depending critically on the base year selected. To substantiate this assertion the Niehans/ Hewson analysis is extended to the period from October 1972 to May 1977. The statistical data are subdivided into four maturity classes. Liquidity coefficients as specified in Table 1 are assigned to each of these classes. Applying these coefficients to the balance-sheet figures shown in Table 2 results in the liquidity factors and transformation factors given in Table 3.1 Table 3 shows a growth of transformation factors from 4.93 in 1972 to 8.76 in 1977. Although the 8.76 result is twice as high as that obtained by Niehans and Hewson, it is still small compared with the maximum transformation factor of 70.2 Different conclusions can be reached if the interbank transactions are excluded. Table 3 shows transformation factors for nonbank transactions increasing from 15.23 in 1973 to 31.08 in 1977. The figures suggest that liquidity creation in the nonbank transaction sector of the Euromarket has increased considerably since 1973. The conclusion drawn by Niehans and Hewson, therefore, appears to depend critically on the base year 1973; for later years it seems to be much less justified. This argument depends on two conditions. First, the recording practices of the reporting Eurobanks (contributing to the series provided by the Bank of England) must have remained roughly the same. There is no evidence and no other reason to assume a significant change has taken place. Second, the figures must indicate the actual extent of maturity transformation. Niehans and Hewson [3, p. 13] suggested that the figures may give an exaggerated picture, because most of the loans to nonbanks are floating-rate loans . These normally are repayable if the lender is unable


Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved process playing an important role in tumor cell's resistance to chemotherapy. Response to glucocorticoid (GC) treatment is out of the most important prognostic factors in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL); however, only few data are available connecting GC response and role of autophagy. Our aim was to investigate whether altered expression of autophagy‐related genes contributes to GC‐resistant phenotype in GC‐sensitive and GC‐resistant precursor B‐cell‐type (PBC) ALL cells.


Pass to the elliptically polarized light's quantitative analysis, we can get the elliptically polarized light's equation and the principal axis of elliptically polarized light's formula. Clarify the relation that light vibration direction of incidence plane polarized light with the principal axis orientation of transmission's elliptically polarized light.


Performance of a modified superstructure fiber Bragg grating is carried out by; simulation using a Matlab and then by optisystem7. Results for these two simulations are compared with an experimental investigation for three special FBGs in addition to a standard one. These four FBGs have one, two, three, and four regions. For each region, Bragg wavelength is increased around 6nm, with constant spacing between every two regions. Laser reflectance (R) and transmittance (T) spectra and their corresponding number of peaks and their bandwidths are observed and analyzed in a constant temperature and strain. Results for this investigation indicate enhancement for the modified FBG to be an effective filter that can be employed for communication as well as sense. Filtering the transmitted signals could be satisfied in a simple and more efficiency than the traditional device.


The present invention provides a unicompartmental meniscal bearing between the single chamber extending knee replacement femoral prosthetic component. Femoral prosthesis includes a fixed member and a bearing surface, abuts the fixing element and adapted to connect the distal femur, a bearing surface adapted to abut meniscal bearing. Femoral prosthesis comprising a recessed portion adapted to extend to the outside of the meniscal bearing. The present invention also provides a tibial and meniscal bearing prostheses, and methods of using the prosthesis.


Reconstructed by several tectonic activities,the preservation conditions for oil and gas reservoirs of marine strata in southern China is severely disturbed.The distribution characteristics of hydrodynamic fields are of great importance to the formation and evolution of the oil-gas reservoirs.Through the analysis on hydrogeological/hydrogeochemical characteristics of several exploration areas of China,a close relationship between the hydrogeological/hydrogeochemical characteristics and the hydrocarbon preservation conditions is discussed in this paper.In the uplift and denudation stage,the formation compaction stopped,buried sedimentary water was driven out by meteoric water,therefore,the deposition and burial stage becomes the main period during which the formation,migration and accumulation of hydrocarbon occurred.The preserved meteoric water occurring near unconformable surfaces can be an indicator of the reservoir's being damaged and poor preservation conditions,and also can be an important indicator that the organic material has not yet began secondary hydrocarbon generation.As the buried depth increases,stratal open extent decreases.The exchanging-retarded zone is favorable to the preservation of oil and gas as it is not influenced by surface water,while the free exchanging zone,strongly affected by surface water,offers a poor environment for petroleum preservation.Based upon above,a relatively systematical hydrogeochemical index system is established for distinguishing hydrocarbon preservation conditions in this paper.


This study examined the letter-writing practices in a child and family psychology service. Utilizing a grounded theory approach to data collection and analysis, six clinical psychologists (including one pilot study) were interviewed about their letter-writing practices in relation to direct clinical work and in correspondence with other professionals. Analysis of the data yielded five themes: typical practices, use of clinical and micro skills, letters addressing the relationship with the family, messages to other professionals, and beliefs about the family. Findings suggest that letters are used in a variety of ways including being an aide-memoire of the contents of face-to-face meetings, directly addressing the therapeutic relationship with the client, demonstrating respect, and informing other professionals of psychological practices and views regarding clients and their presenting problems. It emerged that letter-writing is seen to exist in the wider context of social relationships, between the referrer, clinician and client. The results are discussed in relation to clinical practices and future areas of study.


Recently, we have witnessed a growing interest in the study of service discovery in vehicular networks that guarantee QoS to service requesters. To the best of our knowledge, none of the existing service discovery protocols in Vehicular Networks have been provided in the literature that guarantee QoS to service requesters nd to the Vehicular Network. For efficient service discovery in vehicular networks, it is very important to provide users with services that suit better to their requests while balancing the load on service providers. Moreover, for service discovery protocol integrated with routing protocols, it is important to guarantee load balancing on routing paths between service providers and service requesters. In this paper, we present a QoS aware location based service discovery protocol for Vehicular Networks. Our protocol guarantees load balancing on service providers, and routing paths between service providers and service requesters. It permits also to choose service providers and routing paths between service providers and service requesters that satisfy some performance attributes specified by service requesters. We present our QoS aware protocol, report on its performance evaluation, and discuss our experimental results we have obtained using realistic scenarios.1


In January this year I had the opportunity to experience endodontics in another country. The following report summarises my experience and the purpose of the trip.


Digital innovation has brought major improvements to the financial system. But the system's architecture remains essentially the same. It's still centralized. Decentralized finance (DeFi) offers an alternative. It uses public blockchain networks to conduct transactions without having to rely on centralized service providers such as custodians, central clearinghouses, or escrow agents. Instead, these roles are assumed by so-called smart contracts. Smart contracts are instructions in the form of computer code. The code is stored on public blockchains and executed as part of the system's consensus rules. DeFi protocols can be designed in a way that prohibits intervention and manipulation. All participants can observe the rules before they engage and verify that everything is executed accordingly. State changes (for example, updates to account balances) are reflected on the blockchain and can be verified by anyone. In the context of DeFi, smart contracts are used mainly to ensure the atomic (simultaneous and inseparable) transfer of two assets or to hold collateral in an


A sandwich panel with urethane core and GFRP skin plate was developed for the lorry floor. Small spherical bumps were found at a relatively short period in the skin plate along the trail of cart wheels. Fatigue tests were conducted to simulate the wake of the bumps using an apparatus with a wheel pressed onto the surface of sample panels, which were being moved back and forth. After 1, 000 cycles, one or two small bumps were observed along the trail. After fabricating a sandwich panel, spherical bumps were also found in the skin plate at locations where release films were glued on the back surface of the skin plate. The size of bumps increased as the stiffness of the urethane core being high. The mechanism of the bump formation in the skin plate is elucidated as follows: Residual compressive stress exists in the skin plate due to contraction of the core material during consolidation. A crack is initiated in the core closest to the skin plate due to a high moving load by the wheel. Thereafter, the crack grows along the skin plate with an increase of loading cycles. As the delaminated area increases, an out-of-plane deformation of the skin plate occurs due to the residual compressive stress in the skin plate. Finally, a process based on the residual stress relaxation to eliminate such a wake of bumping was proposed.


Aspergillus flavus PRL 932 grown on 2% yeast extract plus 1% methionine produced some compounds which, according to their structures, were probably derived in part or completely from methionine. These included 3-(methylthio)-propionic acid, trans-3-(methylthio)-acrylic acid, and various 1-hydroxy-2(1H)-pyrazinones (HPY) with 2-(methylthio)-ethyl (MTE) substituents. The latter compounds were identified by proton magnetic resonance and mass spectra as 3,6-di-MTE-HPY, 3-MTE-6-isopropyl-HPY, 3-isobutyl-6-MTE-HPY, 3-MTE-6-isobutyl-HPY, and 3-MTE-6-sec-butyl-HPY.Changes in media composition, including supplementation with either L-leucine, L-isoleucine, or L-valine changed the relative amounts of various HPYs produced. The results indicated that amino acids competed as precursors for the biosynthesis of HPYs and that L-leucine and L-isoleucine were utilized more effectively than was L-methionine.


YUAN Jie wrote the Ode to Revival of Tang Dynasty.It eulogized the achievement of putting down An Lushan rebellion and recovering two capitals.Also it exposed the truth of political change during the reign of emperors Xuanzong and Suzong and exposed Suzong's unfilial piety in implicit words.It was an ode which contained irony of emperor with dripping strength and deep lasting appeal.YANG Zhen-qing's calligraphic works of the Ode to Revival of Tang Dynasty put the type of formal writing on the left.It implied the filial piety and coordinated YUAN Jie in degrading the emperor's unfilial piety.It was of great momentum.It was a creative profound handwriting.Both works were an creative entirety and were indivisible.


Concomitance of wheat,oat and cucumber,intercropping of Chinese onion,Chinese cabbage,celery and cucumber were studied for impact on diseases and quality of cucumber under different cultivation management.The results showed that the occurrence and severity of both downy mildew and angular leaf spot were decreased significantly with either cultivation method,among which best results showed with intercropping of celery-cucumber and Chinese cabbage-cucumber,downy mildew incidence reduced by 42.8% and 46.4% respectively;occurrence and severity of downy mildew were remarkably decreased in treatment of wheat-cucumber,oat-cucumber and Chinese onion-cucumber,powdery mildew incidence reduced by 66.3%,65.2% and 83.2% respectively.Content of vitamin C and soluble protein in cucumber were significantly increased in treatment of Chinese onion-cucumber,while the concentration of nitrate was increased as well.The content of nitrate was significantly lowered in treatment of Chinese cabbage-cucumber;content of vitamin C was notably decreased in treatment of celery-cucumber.The content of soluble solid was significantly reduced in treatment of wheat-cucumber,Chinese onion-cucumber and celery-cucumber.


Summary of research/publications include:(1) Comment on broadening of water microwave lines by collisions with helium atoms; (2) Calculations of ion-molecule deuterium fractionation reactions involving HD; (3) Ab initio predictions on the rotational spectra of carbon-chain carbene molecules; (4) Theoretical IR spectra of ionized naphthalene; (5) Improved collisional excitation rates for interstellar water; (6) Calculations on the competition between association and reaction for C3H+ + H2; (7) Theoretical infrared spectra of some model polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: effect of ionization; (8) Calculations concerning interstellar isomeric abundance ratios for C3H and C3H2; (9) New calculations on the ion-molecule processes C2H2+ + H2 C2H3+ + H and C2H2+ + H2 C2H4+; (10) Anisotropic rigid rotor potential energy function for H2O-H2; (11) A correlated ab initio study of linear carbon-chain radicals CnH (n=2-7); (12) Ab initio characterization of MgCCH, MgCCH+, and MgC2 and pathways to their formation in the interstellar medium; (13) Why HOC+ is detectable in interstellar clouds: The rate of the reaction between HOC+ and H2; (14) A correlated ab initio study of the X 2A 1 and A 2E states of MgCH3; (15) On the stability of interstellar carbon clusters: The rate of the reaction between C3 and O; and (16) The rate of the reaction between CN and C2H2 at interstellar temperatures.


We thank the editor and two Reviewers for the careful consideration of our work. Their constructive and thoughtful comments and suggestions led to a much improved and complete revision of the manuscript. In the revised paper, we have addressed all the comments formulated by the Reviewers by replying (in black) to their remarks (in blue). The line numbers in this rebuttal refer to the revised version of the manuscript.


Conditions of development of tolerance culture in the professional training of social workers and peculiarities of educational environment influence on this process are revealed.


decade sufficiently explain the provisional nature of existing knowledge about the prehistory of the continent. I t is all the more unfortunate that when this account was written the results of Richard Wright's important excavations at Marramarra north of Sydney and at Laura in Cape York peninsula were not yet available. Like the present reviewer in his contribution to the Liber Joseph0 Kostrzewski (Warsaw, 1968) and subsequently in chapter 11 of lWorld Prehistory: a New Outline (Cambridge, 1969), Mulvaney provisionally divides the Stone Age industries of Australia into three main phases: following the primary and very lengtlhy opening phase (Clark's Early Stone Age with Mode I lithic industries), he distinguishes an Inventive Phase (Clark's Middle Stone Age including Mode 5 industries) that came into being between 5,000 and 6,000 years ago and finally an Adaptive Phase (Clark's Recent Stone Age) marked by a technology immediately antecedent to that of the ethnographic present. On the strength of radiocarbon analyses of charcoals from superficial levels in such rock-shelters as Seelands and Bendemeer in northern New South Wales, Mulvaney argues for a date as late as c. AD 1600 for the beginning of the Recent Stone Age. The reviewer prefers to discount this evidence on the ground that rock-shelters are likely to have been frequented down to recent times and to rely on sites like Fromm's Landing and Kenniff Cave where Middle Stone Age industries are insulated from recent occupation and which provide substantially older radiocarbon dates. In considering aboriginal origins (chapter 5) Mulvaney enters a sphere in which research overtakes the most up-to-date writer and it is to his credit that he shows himself fully aware of this. In discussing material from such sites as Rocky Cape, Ingaladdi and Koonalda he, as it were, takes his readers behind the scenes and conveys something of the excitement of discovery, in which radiocarbon dating is playing so notable a part. The final chapter covering such topics as field monuments, burials and rock art is by comparison with earlier ones somewhat perfunctory. One would have welcomed a fuller treatment of the art and more might surely have been made of the bora sites which with their avenues and circular banks are of striking interest to British prehistorians. The volume is rounded off and enriched by an extensive list of C14 dates, a bibliography (which appears, however, to omit European contributions), several pages of useful annotation, an index and above all an exceptionally well-chosen and well-reproduced series of photographic illustrations. It is characteristic of the author of this admirable volume that he should acknowledge so handsomely the work of his Australian predecessors from Governor Philips to such stalwarts as Norman Tindale and Fred McArthy, still happily with us. Australia indeed owes much to the vigour of its home-grown tradition of archaeological research. Yet it would be fair to add that it also owes much to the younger generation that, Australian born or otherwise, has in so many instances benefited from training in Britain. The rise of well-endowed research institutions in Australia and in particular of the School of Pacific Research at the Australian National University adds a new element to the equation. A two-way traffic has already begun. Long may it continue. G R A H A M E C L A R K


Adler is the founder of individual psychology,he created the first of its kind,from a social point of view to explore the formation of the human personality.His social interest theory emphasizes social factors,attention should be paid to China's education in the social interest in the cultivation of young people to form a healthy personality,enhance their social adaptation have some inspiration.


Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy is used for diagnosis, surveillance, and management of a range of gastroenterological conditions. A common indication for endoscopy is dyspepsia. This article summarises the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence guidelines on when to refer patients with dyspepsia for endoscopy, focusing on non-urgent presentations where patients do not have alarm symptoms.


Even though model order reduction (MOR) techniques for linear dynamical systems are developed rather properly, there are still quite a lot of issues to be considered. This paper addresses a novel MOR technique for multi‐input multi‐output system with dominant eigenvalue preservation, which leads to controller cost minimization. The new technique is formulated based on an artificial neural network (ANN) prediction of an upper triangular form of the system state matrix A. Using the new system state matrix along with the linear matrix inequality (LMI) optimization method, a permutation matrix is obtained which leads to the new formulation of the complete system considered for MOR. Utilizing the non‐projection state residualization technique, a reduced model order is obtained. The proposed ANN‐LMI‐based MOR method is compared with well‐known reduction techniques such as the balanced Schur decomposition, proper orthogonal decomposition (POD), and state elimination through balanced realization. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


The paper seeks to identify risk factors associated with STIs and its prevalence in western Ghana. This study explored the relationship between STI diagnosis and demographic factors as well as contraceptive use in a mining community in western Ghana. Selected hospitals in the district were surveyed. The sample consisted of 117 males and 253 female patients attending outpatient clinics. 92% of 400 individuals approached agreed to complete a questionnaire. The majority (72%) of the respondents was between 20-39 years; 14% were adolescents; 94% had some form of education, of which 43% had completed middle school; 50% of males and about 80% of females were married. Use of contraceptives by married and never married was 57% and 43%, respectively. The vast majority of males were engaged in small scale mining; 42% of the women were into trading. About 11% had gonorrhea, 27% had candidiasis and only 1 had chlamydia. Of the 150 respondents who had STIs, 84% were females. The odds of an STI diagnosis significantly increased when respondents were female (odds ratio (OR) = 3.0) compared to males and younger respondents (19-24 years) compared to older ones (OR = 3.68). Odds decreased with use of contraceptives (OR = 0.56) compared to non-users and with marital status (OR = 0.42) compared to never-married. The overall logistic model was statistically significant (χ2 (8, N=370) = 56.19, p < .001). Females, younger individuals, never-married and contraceptive non-users are at relatively high risk for STIs in a mining district in western Ghana.


ABSTRA CT This research of background by lowering of result and activity learn student at mathematics subject. This matter because of less active student factor and imprecise teacher chosen study method. Intention of this research is to improve result and activity learn student mathematics by using Method of Drill in class of IV SDN 06 Guguk Sarai  Solok. this Type Research is Research of Action Class which consist of 2 cycle, masing - cycle masing consist of twice meeting. this Research Subjek is class student of IV SDN 06 Guguk Sarai Sub-Province of Solok amounting to 18 people. Instrument which is used in this research is student activity observation sheet and teacher and also result of learning student. Student activity at cycle of I is 59,7% while at cycle of II is 75,03%. Result learn student at cycle of I obtained complete 38,89 % with average value 58,89. At cycle of II obtained complete 77,78 % with average value 72,78. Matter this means that study process by using Method of Drill take place better so that can improve result and activity learn student. Thereby writer suggest that teacher can use Method of Drill at study of mathematics in class of IV to increase activity result of learning student. Keyword : Learning Activity, Result Of Learning Mathematics, Method of Drill.


We have investigated a p-i-n a-Si:H solar cell structure which can eliminate detrimental effect of a transparent electrode and a heavily doped window layer using a two-dimensional device simulator. The cell utilizes an inversion layer induced by field effect instead of the heavily doped window layer while maintaining p-i-n junction locally to keep the built-in potential high and stable. Device simulation has revealed that the conversion efficiency of p-i-n a-Si:H solar cells can be improved by 30% with the use of this cell structure. This improvement is mainly due to the increase in the photo-currents, which can be explained by the increased quantum efficiency for light with short wavelength.


The purpose of this paper was to measure technical efficiencies and scale efficiencies of Korean seed industry by DEA method, and to identify the factors affecting the efficiencies by Tobit regression model. Survey data of 50 seed companies nationwide were applied for the analysis. The average score of overall technical efficiency for the surveyed companies in 2012 was 0.44, which is decomposed into pure technical efficiency 0.68 and scale efficiency 0.63. A majority of the seed companies exhibited at least one form of inefficiency except a few companies in optimal scale. It was also shown the most companies were operating in the stage of increasing returns to scale, which implies Korean seed companies are mainly in smaller scale than optimal. Additional results suggest that the Center for Private Seed Companies, which will be established at Gimje in 2015, plays an important role to make domestic seed companies improve their scale efficiency as well as pure technical efficiency by way of enlarging their size and co-using the high technology in the Center.


Abstract THE AMERICAN DRUG SCENE-AN ANTHOLOGY (3rd Edition). James A. Inciardi and Karen McElrath (Eds.). Los Angeles, CA, Roxbury Publishing Co., 2001. Reviewed by Peter L. Myers.


The hydrodynamic flow interference effect between the main and side hulls of Trimaran ships have a major influence on the total power and on the positioning of the side hulls. The main objective herein is to understand the physical reasons that explain the interference phenomenon. The hydrodynamic research and model testing of the large Trimaran ship - Heavy Air Lift Support Ship (HALSS) showed a large change in resistance ( 70%) due to a moderate (15% from length of center hull) shift in the longitudinal side hull position. Another observation is to the influence of the skegs on the stern flow. In order to fully understand the factors leading to the interference effects, several Computational Fluid Dynamics calculations were performed with various computational codes and compared to model test data. The paper contains the results of HALSS model testing at NSWCCD. Tests were performed on the center hull to select different bow sections and on Trimaran with three longitudinal and three transverse positions of the Small Waterplane Area HALSS side hulls. These experimental results are compared to CFD calculations by the following CFD codes: FINE TM /Marine, FLUENT, SWIFT (Ship Wave Inviscid Flow Theory) and MQLT (Modified Quasi Linear Theory). For all these test cases, comprehensive comparisons between computations and experimental data are presented to support the physical analysis in order to assist future design methodologies for multihull ships.


In ten normal eustachian tubes, the intra-epithelial glands were studied quantitatively. Solitary, round intra-epithelial glands consist of 20 to 50 mucous cells, surrounded by supporting ciliated cells. Elongated streak-shaped glands may be up to 1 mm in length and are composed of several solitary glands. Gland distribution is irregular, being either solitary or in islets or major areas where density is up to 200 glands per square millimeter. The total number varies widely, being usually between 200 and 400. The number of intra-epithelial glands decreased greatly in the tympanic direction. Secretory capacity of intraepithelial glands, compared with that of goblet cells, is very slight, one four-hundredth to one one-hundred-sixtieth. Intra-epithelial glands are presumably a normal component of the tubal epithelium, but high gland count may be caused by previous abnormal stimulus of the mucosa.


A License Plate Recognition System (LPRS) is one of the most important systems used for
 monitoring and controlling transportation and traffic in many countries. The LPRS is used
 for many purposes such as toll collection, traffic monitoring and control, smart parking,
 speed limiting Because of its importance, LPRS should be continually studied and
 improved by doing a lot of studies to solve each problem that can reduce the performance
 of LPRS. One of the problems is the noise in the captured images, caused by rain and haze,
 which lead the system to incorrectly recognize the characters. To address this problem,
 multiple filters to reduce the noise inside the images, especially the noises which is caused
 by haze and rain, have been investigated. Studies attempt to enhance the effectiveness of
 the system that is used to detect and recognize car plate characters and numbers and to find the accurate algorithm most suitable for specific countries, depending on the country's
 standard car plate specifications. Because of our study done in Malaysia, and for
 Malaysian car plates we should know more about Malaysian car plate design. Malaysia has
 specific car plates designed with black background and white font at a fixed size. Several
 applications have been developed in Malaysia to identify these plates and recognize the
 characters and numbers. This research is mainly focused on comparing two such
 applications. Each application uses a different algorithm and each algorithm will be tested
 with the same proposed filters and dataset, which is taken under bad weather and
 illumination conditions to test each algorithm's performance in the most challenging cases.


It is known that impaired balance is associated with falls in older adults; however, there is no accepted gold standard on how balance should be measured. Few studies have examined measures of postural sway and clinical balance concurrently in large samples of community‐dwelling older adults. We examined the associations among 4 types of measures of laboratory‐ and clinic‐based balance in a large population‐based cohort of older adults.


Although new scholarship has heralded the digital affordances of social media on the Internet to transform political activism in the United States, the same transformation has not occurred in presidential campaigns. Campaign practices in the United States have used social media to harness citizens in the service of winning the election, not in better empowering and engaging citizens in the political process. Thus, although political elections are essential to a democracy, political campaigns are decidedly undemocratic.


An SRTM elevation dataset and GIS grid analysis was used to analyze the number of local government areas that would be affected by severe flooding from sea level rise (SLR) of 1meter, 2meter, 3meter, 4meter, 5meter and an extreme 13meters. The GIS overlay of the Political boundaries of the Rivers State in the Niger Delta showed a minimum of 10 LGAs for a 1meter rise in SL and a maximum of 22 out of the 23 local government areas for 13 meter SLR. In all the scenarios developed only Omuma local government was not affected by model output. The relative proportion of land space to be displaced is highest in Degema local government area ranging from 392 sq km at 1meter SLR to 1154 sqkm at 13meter SLR. A number of strategic options including further scientific studies, legal and policy developments are presented as essential steps to actions that will facilitate varying layers of protection, adaptation and contingency planning in worse-case scenarios. Key words : GIS Modeling, Flooding, Sea Level Rise


In article the general model of an estimation of level economic without-danger the managing subject on the basis of the complex approach with application of matematiko-statistical methods is constructed


The development of comparative holographic moire interferometry is accelerated by the need for nondestructive testing. This paper describes a holographic moire technique for the detection of defects that is based on a comparison of the responses of two macroscopically identical specimens. At identical loading of the master and test objects, the moire fringes obtained are areas of equal differences in the mechanical responses, and they form closed curves around the defect. The schemes of additive and multiplicative moire are studied experimentally, and their advantages and disadvantages are discussed. Comparison of the suggested technique with conventional holographic interferometry shows its reliability for localizing defects. The comparative method is contactless and is especially appropriate for nondestructive quality assessment of mechanical parts.


The stability of the 200 MW turbogenerator is analyzed and optimized analysis is made for the major parameters of its oval bearings,including the stability margin,speed instability and sensitivity.The main objectives of stability optimization are proposed in respect to the working characteristics of the turbogenerator.Furthermore,the expression of sensitivity analysis is established,and the results of optimized analysis,the eigenvalue and oscillation in low-frequency mode of the optimized bearing parameters are provided.


Hydrogen's atom ground state is the lowest state with the primary of quantum number n = 1. Stark Effect is an effect of electrostatic field due to atomic energy level. Interaction between electrostatic field and electron in three dimensional is justified as a perturbation. The ground state has a non–degenerate system, we used approximation to determine the perturbation and we solved the case with correction until second order for energy and wave function. The result shows that the correction until second order of energy only has been contributed by the second order, then the correction until second order of wave function has been contributed by the first and second order respectively for each axis. This study gives a classical approximation which states the value of polarizability is obtained in the second order correction of ground state of hydrogen atom caused by the stark effect in z – axis.