The paper considers the issue of the log diving effect on the ecological status of small rivers and their catchments. There are analyzed the circumstances leading to the prohibition of the log driving and the consequences of this decision for nature and man.
The main points of both positive and negative effects of the log driving are evaluated and specific steps are proposed for reducing the chemical and mechanical pollution of water bodies. A general conclusion is made that the damage to ecosystems from log driving is not as great as is it commonly believed. There is proposed specific reclamation plan with the aim of improving the recreational capabilities of small rivers, purifying water, improving the condition of the forest stock by reducing the flooding of its territory.
The affected problem concerns both the condition of small rivers and the future of the logging industry and the related development of outlying areas that are currently experiencing large demographic and economic problems. The arguments presented by the authors show that in a nowadays economic situation, the prohibition of log driving is economically disadvantageous and even harmful. It impedes the further development the territories of the Russian North, Siberia and the Far East. The hypothetical damage to nature by log driving is not comparable with the consequences that cause as a result of the desolation of the huge territory of Russia. There are a confirmed decline in the economy, the come-down of the demographic situation and socio-cultural infrastructure today. Over the past decades the catastrophic situation has developed in the demography of the Trans-Ural regions and other regions of Siberia. Unfortunately, the great number opened in recent decades mines and processing plants are not designed for constant abode of the population. Settlements near such enterprises have a temporary status. Only the logging and wood processing industry can save this situation. So, an integrated approach to the problem of log driving can facilitate a new development  stage of outlying areas.


Abstract : A mechanism has been proposed for the formation of colored impurities in triaminoguanidine nitrate. It is suggested that the rate determining step for color formation is the production of the free base, triaminoguanidine, from triaminoguanidine nitrate. The multitude of colored impurities arise either from the metal ion induced oxidation or the aerial oxidation of triaminoguanidine or subsequent reactions of these oxidation products. The aerial oxidation processes are enhanced in the presence of bases. The aerial oxidation process is also strongly catalyzed by metal ions. It is recommended that purification and storage of triaminoguanidine nitrate is best carried out in acidified water in non-metallic apparatus. The optimum conditions for the synthesis of triaminoguanidine nitrate, such that the production of colored impurities is minimized, would appear to involve an aqueous medium kept free of metal ions, minimal alkaline conditions and the absence of atmospheric oxygen. Propellants containing contaminated triaminoguanidine can undergo various color changes during manufacture which may cause porosity in the propellant, leading to enhanced and erratic burning rates. Strategies to minimize introduction of impurities which may cause incompatibility problems during the formulation of propellant are discussed.


Summary The Bonnet Plume Basin is a physiographic and structural depression near the eastern margin of the Frontal Belt of the Cordilleran Orogen in northeastern Yukon, Canada. It formed in early Late Cretaceous time by down-dropping Paleozoic strata along regional faults, and contains up to 7,500 m of clastic and carbonate sediments ranging from Precambrian to Tertiary in age. The oldest strata are Precambrian metasediments, which are unconformably overlain by a thick Paleozoic succession of marine mudstone and limestone. The Paleozoic sediments are unconformably overlain by the Bonnet Plume Formation, which is informally subdivided into a lower and upper unit. The lower Bonnet Plume Formation (Albian) consists of interbedded conglomerate, sandstone, mudstone and bituminous coal deposited in a marginal marine to fluvial environment, and the upper Bonnet Plume Formation (Maastrichtian to Paleocene) consists of fluvial sandstone, mudstone and lignite. Previous studies, based on regional geology, sediment type and stratigraphic thickness, concluded that the Bonnet Plume Basin has gas potential, but insignificant oil potential. However, these studies were not based on samples collected from within the basin. Two-hundredtwenty-eight samples collected from outcrop and drill core throughout the Bonnet Plume Basin were analyzed by Rock-Eval 6 programmed pyrolysis and combustion to assess the petroleum source rock potential of the strata. The results indicate the Bonnet Plume Formation is gas-prone and possibly oil-prone. Potential oil generation in the Bonnet Plume Formation is attributed to the occurrence of liptinite-bearing coal and previously unrecognized siliceous 'oil shale'. A hydrocarbon-rich tar associated with a naturally burning coal seam was also discovered in the upper Bonnet Plume Formation. Further work is planned to determine the quantity, thickness and geographic extent of oil-prone coal seams and carbonaceous mudstones throughout the basin.


You have been looking at your production numbers and your collections numbers and they seem okay with a "little shortfall" each month in collections, so why are you stressed when you sit down to sign the payroll checks and pay the bills?


n-Octyl gallate was synthesized by esterification of gallic acid with n-octanol catalyzed by p-toluenesulfonic acid((PTSA)) under microwave irradiation.Factors affecting the yield of esterification,such as microwave irradiation power and time,molar ratio of gallic acid to catalyst and n-octanol were studied.The optimum reaction condition obtained from orthogonal experiment was as follows: molar ratio of gallic acid to n-octanol 1∶12,dosage of PTSA 0.009 mol,microwave irradiation power 510 W(dosage of gallic acid 10.5 g),for 60 min.Average yield of n-octyl gallate was 92.7 %.


Present study aims for the QoL assessment after performing a physiotherapeutic program for lower limbs rehabilitation using a stationary bicycle. Subjects are outpatients, n=7, mean age 51.86 ± 11.82, BMI (kg/m2) mean of 29.37±6.43. Before the beginning of the rehabilitation program (T0) was the first evaluation with RAND SF-36 version 1 and after eight weeks of physical therapy the second one (T2). QoL measurements assessment implies eight criteria. Appropriateness - the main objective of gait facilitation was fulfilled for all seven patients. Acceptability- response rates T0/T2 = 100%. Feasibility - SF-36 OrthoToolKit is licensed (Optum) and available freely online, with a completion time of 6 min in the kit tool. Validity was proved by specialty literature. Reliability Intraclass correlation coefficient - ICC (Cronbach's Alpha overall test-retest, patient/physical therapist T0/T2 =0.995/1.000) Pearson correlation coefficient between items - strong statistical significance (p<.05). Responsiveness The T-test for paired samples, Wilcoxon, Sign Test resulted significant (p<.05) for each subsequent scale. Effect size (Partial Eta Squared) based on z-score η2 = .432 physical components and .534 mental components – large effect. Precision- based on Likert response. Interpretability - Romanian version was used. QoL outcomes measuring eight criteria proved a positive impact of the intervention on patients.


The purpose of this study is to provide theoretical support for the rational exploitation of groundwater and the new rural construction in Jingyuan County.A total of 45 groundwater samples were collected and cluster analysis and principal component analysis were introduced to study on the groundwater chemical characteristics in Jingyuan County.Basic descriptive statistics suggest that the groundwater quality in the study area meets drinking water requirements.Cluster analysis shows that the number of class doesn′t significantly reduce after cluster,which indicated that the groundwater correlation between each index is not significant.Principal component analysis shows that the first 9 principal components could be used independently to represent the original 19 factors,and the principal components reflect different groundwater quality indices and the relationships between them.Multivariate statistical analysis,a new method,provides a new tool for evaluation and management of groundwater quality in Jingyuan County.


Disasters are defined as events caused either by natural or technological occurrences, that overwhelm the resources that are immediately available to manage or mitigate the impact of the event. Disasters, by their very nature, are newsmakers. With the improvement in telecommunications, the barriers of distance are reduced to the extent that the people of the world all are members of what Marshall MacLuhan called the "global village." It now is a common practice to watch the effects of a disaster on the other side of the world, from the safety and comfort of the living room, live on television. The capacity to empathize with the victims, and to feel almost a part of the incident, results in tremendous public attention and an urging of governments, not directly affected by the event, to get involved and "do something!"


DOI: 10.7764/RDLC.16.3.374 Abstract A study on concrete quality assessment before building structures submitting to environmental exposure conditions was carried out. It was necessary to determine the ultrasonic velocity pulse, compressive strength and percentage of effective capillary porosity values in concretes probes of water/cement ratio 0.4, 0.5 and 0.6.The results allowed to demonstrate how from relationship between compressive strength and percentage of effective capillary porosity, as well as, from relationship between capillary coefficient absorption and percentage of effective capillary porosity, durability requirements were obtained. Durability requirements were: Critical value of percentage of effective capillary porosity from which the concrete permeability increased. Critical value of percentage of effective capillary porosity from which, compressive strength decreased. Ultrasonic pulse velocity and compressive strength tests by itself were not enough to concrete quality assessment. Results using the visual observation were confirmed, in the reinforced concrete probes exposed to corrosivity categories of the atmospheres very high (C5) and extreme (CX) in a tropical coastal climates during three years, as well as by scanning electron microscopy tests in small samples of hardened cement paste for the three water/cement ratios.


The problem of identification of a Wiener model is studied.The proposed identification method uses a dynamic neural network (DANN) which consists of a linear dynamic neuron (LDN) in cascade with a static BP neural network (SBP).A unified back propagation algorithm is proposed to estimate the weights and the biases of the LDN and the SBP simultaneously.Numerical examples are provided to show the efficiency of the proposed method.


Few ideas and activities have received as hyperbolic praise as those presented by Hernando de Soto on informality. Nobel prizes in economics, presidents of various countries, important magazines, and multilateral organizations have endorsed this author's impulse to the official registration of the poor's property, particularly, their homes, as the key to launch a worldwide economic revolution from below. In this paper we present the institutional backing of those ideas, the analytic substance of the main arguments involved, the descriptive accuracy of the institutions operating in the Third World, and the results of their application. In this way, we evaluate the relation between the spread and power of an idea with its formal content, and its effectiveness to change the world of the poor.


The conditions of the lipase immobilized onto cellulose using sodium periodate and the stability of the immobilized lipase was studied.The results showed that optimum conditions were pH of 9.0 and 0.2mol/L of NaIO 4 concentration, 24h of link time, 6.0g/L of lipase concentration,maxmum lipase activity 7.38U/cm 2.The optimal temperature and pH value was at 35℃,8.0 respectively.The half life is about 168h.


The present invention relates to a new pharmaceutical formulation. Acid pharmaceutical composition of the invention for the treatment of hyperplasia associated pathological conditions include a combination of tenatoprazole, and cimetidine, ranitidine, famotidine and needle of one or more histamine H2- receptor antagonist selected from the Dean Jati. The present invention is suitable for the treatment of damage caused by duodenal and gastric ulcers and the symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux and to this. Proton pump inhibitors, tenatoprazole, histamine H2- receptor antagonists, gastro-esophageal reflux, gastric hyperplasia


The number of the fatalities caused by various types of disasters are collected,which includes the number of the fatalities caused by the destructive earthquake at home and abroad,and the number of the fatalities caused by the natural disasters(floods,typhoons,etc.) and man-made disasters(fires,traffic accidents,etc.) have also been included since 1985.The paper mainly defines the acceptable risk levels according to risk-prevention measures,which are included failure probability and the consequences of failure measure,such as human casualty and economic loss,etc.It has discussed the methods to use ALARP principle and F-N curve combined with the statistical result of the experts' questionnaires so as to determine the acceptable risk and their applications in the urban capacity of earthquake disaster prevention and reduction.Excellent social benefits are achieved by using the value of acceptable risk levels as a control index for evaluation of the urban capacity of earthquake disaster prevention and reduction.The results show that urban acceptable level of earthquake risk is the evaluation criterion of the urban capacity of earthquake disaster prevention and reduction and the basis for decision-making in risk management.


The paper provides a comment from the authors regarding the correlation as a heuristic for accurate and comprehensible ant colony optimization-based classifiers. Baig et al. proposed a new classification rule mining algorithm in IEEE TEC. The technique introduces a correlation-based function for the ant colony optimization (ACO) component. The authors compare variants of the technique with several existing ACO-based algorithms and the state-of-the art RIPPER algorithm. The AntMiner+ algorithm, proposed by Martens et al. (2007) in IEEE TEC, was also included in the comparison. However, the reported performance is far below what is expected and is more akin to making random predictions.


Purpose: Spironolactone (SPN), which is classified as an anti-androgen, has demonstrated efficacy in treating acne. This study aimed to utilize ultrasonication to create a chitosan-coated nano lipid carrier (NLC) for enhancing the delivery of SPN to the skin and treating acne. Methods: Various Hydrophilic-Lipophilic Balance (HLB) values were investigated to optimize the SPN-NLCs. Photon correlation spectroscopy, attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were employed to characterize the solid state of SPN in nanoparticle form. Additionally, the optimized formulation was used in a double-blind, randomized clinical trial. Results: Reducing the HLB of the surfactant mixtures resulted in a reduction in the size of SPN-NLCs. The formula with the smallest particle diameter (238.4±0.74 nm) and the lowest HLB value (9.65) exhibited the highest encapsulation efficiency of 79.88 ± 1.807%. Coating the optimized SPN-NLC with chitosan increased the diameter, PDI, zeta potential, and encapsulation efficiency. In vitro skin absorption studies demonstrated sustained release profiles for chitosan-coated SPN-NLC. In the double-blind trial, a gel containing chitosan-coated SPN-NLC effectively treated mild to moderate acne vulgaris, leading to improved healing and reduced lesion count after 8 weeks of therapy compared to the placebo. It successfully addressed both non-inflammatory and inflammatory lesions without adverse effects on the skin. Conclusion: The findings indicate that chitosan-coated SPN-NLCs have the potential as nanoparticles for targeted SPN delivery to the skin, offering novel options for the treatment of acne vulgaris.


One of the key objectives of distributed denial of service (DDoS) attack on the smart grid advanced metering infrastructure is to threaten the availability of end user's metering data. This will surely disrupt the smooth operations of the grid and third party operators who need this data for billing and other grid control purposes. In previous work, we proposed a cloud-based Openflow firewall for mitigation against DDoS attack in a smart grid AMI. In this paper, PRISM model checker is used to perform a probabilistic best-and worst-case analysis of the firewall with regard to DDoS attack success under different firewall detection probabilities ranging from zero to 1. The results from this quantitative analysis can be useful in determining the extent the DDoS attack can undermine the correctness and performance of the firewall. In addition, the study can also be helpful in knowing the extent the firewall can be improved by applying the knowledge derived from the worst-case performance of the firewall.


Although references to traumas and illness in dinosaur bones are very frequent, there are few reports about pathologies of these reptiles through studies of isolated footprints and trackways, and the majority of these refer to limping dinosaurs. The example presented here refers to a short theropod trackway of four consecutive footprints, preserved as con- vex epireliefs. Anomalous arrangement of the fourth digit in the right pedal prints suggests a pathology, although we can not determine if it is malformation or trauma due to fracture. The similarity in the pace length and angle suggests that if it is a fracture, this was produced a long time before as there is no evidence of limping in the reptile gait.


The objective of the present project is to develop a proposal to improve the quality of the Food and Beverage (F&B) services on the executive floor of the Wyndham Quito Airport Hotel, located in the parish of Tababela. In the first chapter, the theoretical framework is developed, in which important concepts about quality are defined, its evolution, and the importance of it in restaurants. Finally, the measurement tools to be used are detailed. In the second chapter, the context of the organization is developed, which includes its location, mission, vision, objectives, organizational structure with its respective functions, products or services offered, stakeholder mapping, customer journey, competitiveness analysis and customer profile. Additionally, the analysis of customer's expectations is performed based on the results of the surveys conducted. In the third chapter, the F&B service area of the executive floor is described, and the errors in the processes are identified using the Blueprint tool. In addition, the checklist of the Distinctive Q certification is used to evaluate if the hotel is complying with the 92 criteria established. Then, the SWOT analysis is conducted with the objective of identifying the strengths, opportunities, weaknesses and threats of the company. In chapter four, the improvement proposal is presented through the strategy prioritization matrix. Later, new processes are established in the optimized Blueprint in order to improve the F&B service area of the executive floor. In the fifth chapter, the budget for each of the strategies and a schedule is set up. Finally, a projection of the return on investment of the quality proposal is determined.


Toxic metals are very harmful to human health since they can change biochemical activity in the body causing various diseases. In this context, their easy and fast detection, in a cheap and reproducible way in different products used by humans is very important. Some cosmetics contain considerable amounts of toxic metals conducting this to the need to determining and monitoring allowing in such sense human exposure. In this study lead was determined (a toxic metal) in real samples of a hair cream tint, the Grecin 2000®, by square wave voltammetry (SWV). Voltammetric analysis can be divided into three steps: a pretreatment by applying a potential of -1.4 V for 120 seconds, SWV -1.5 V to +0.1 V under optimized conditions (frequency 25 Hz, amplitude of 50 mV and the step 10 mV), and a post-treatment of +0.3 V for 60 seconds for cleaning. The working electrode consisted of a graphite-epoxy composite electrode (65% m/m) modified by a film of bismuth formed in situ, the reference electrode was Ag|AgCl and a thin silver wire counter electrode. It was obtained as a weighted average (0.505 ± 0.025)% lead acetate (% m/m) in the sample Grecin® with an average recovery (98.75 ± 6.58)%. The limits of detection, quantification and linear region were respectively 0.07 µmol L-1, 0.21 µmol L-1and from 0.98 to 1.92 µmol L-1for Pb, 0.36 µmol L-1, 1.09 µmol L-1 and from 2.99 to 14.5 µmol L-1 for Zn and 0.05 µmol L-1, 0.15 µmol L-1 and from 0.50 to 2.47 µmol L-1 for Cd. As a comparison procedure was held on Atomic Absorption Spectrometry in Flame (F AAS).Results found were satisfactory and consistent with the percentage reported by the manufacturer and below the permitted by ANVISA, being also compatible to those found by a comparison method


1. Determinations were made of the Qo2 of brain, muscle and liver of three species of marine fishes representing different ecological habitats; a very active constantly swimming species, menhaden; a sluggish bottom-dweller, toadfish; and an intermediate form, scup.2. Although a direct correlation between Qo2 of brain and activity of the whole organism was noted, liver and muscle did not show any correlation with activity. The possible significance of this relationship was discussed.3. A slight increase in Qo2 of brain and muscle of toadfish and brain of scup with increasing body size was noted. The Qo2 of toadfish liver decreased with body size.


This study was initiated to determine the extent to which approved freshwater wetland mitigation sites had been constructed in terms of area achieved; concurrence with approved plans; and relative quality of constructed wetlands. In addition to these indicators of current conditions, this research developed a standard rapid assessment method that can be used to monitor New Jersey's wetland mitigation trends into the future. The study also enhanced NJDEP's Mitigation Database by establishing a geographic information system application. A peer review committee consisting of leading wetland scientists from academic institutions, government and non-governmental organizations, and the private sector provided guidance and oversight throughout the study. Creating Indicators of Wetland Status (Quantity and Quality): Freshwater Wetland Mitigation in New Jersey Steven Balzano, Ann Ertmann Lee Brancheau William Smejkal1


The Andean genus Lasiophila divides into three, apparently monophyletic groups ("zapatoza", "prosymna" and "circe"), identified by morphological and ecological traits. Their representatives occur parapatrically along altitudinal gradients. The mid-elevation "prosymna" group is the most diverse and taxonomically most complex. Until this study no representative of this group was known from the vast south-east Peruvian department of Cuzco. The discovery of Lasiophila luna n. sp., described here, in the upper Kosñipata valley fills an important gap in the distribution pattern of the genus Lasiophila.


intensified when combined with the ortho-acid, and still more so when incorporated with this acid and salicylic acid. The question which has been raised as to the therapeutic value of tlhe sodium salt of para-cresotic acid is beyond the scope of this researchl. The acid from which it is prepared is poisonous, yet its salt, judiciously given, may be of benefit in certain diseases. The iinformation as yet afforded with regard to this is meagre, an(l requires to be supplemented; but whatever the decisioni as to its value may be, the presence of para-cresotic Cacid cannot be desired by anyonle who impartially considers the subject from a chlemical, a physiological, or a therapeutic stalndpoinit.


This research study inspects the effectiveness of synchronization methods such as active control and backstepping control from systematic design procedures of a synchronized Shimizu–Morioka system for the same parameter. It aimed to achieve synchronization between the state variables of two identical Shimizu–Morioka chaotic systems by defining the proposed varieties of the error dynamics coefficient matrix. Furthermore, this study also aimed to designed an active controller that enables the synchronization of these systems. The use of designed recursive backstepping nonlinear controllers was based on the Lyapunov function. Furthermore, it also demonstrated the stability of the synchronization of the nonlinear identical Shimizu–Morioka system. The new virtual state variable and establishment of Lyapunov functionals are used in the backstepping controller to stabilize and reduce errors between the Master (MS)/Drive (DS) systems. For comparison, the complexity of active controllers is verified to be such that the designed controller's effectiveness based on backstepping is attainable in engineering applications. Finally, numerical simulations are performed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed synchronization strategy with the Runge–Kutta (RK-4) algorithm of fourth order through MatLab Simulink.


[Objective] To observe the effect of salvianolic acid B(Sal B) on the contraction of porcine coronary artery strips,and investi-gate its mechanism of action.[Methods] Using experimental method of smooth muscle in vitro the effect of Sal B on the contraction of porcine coronary artery strips induced by KCL,CaCl2 and Hist was observed.[Results] Salvianolic acid B had nonparallel right migration effect on KCl,CaCl2 and Histamine induced dose-response curves,and decrease the maximal effect.Moreover,it can greatly inhibit in-tracellular Ca2+-dependent contraction induced by Histamine,and show relatively little effect on the extracellular Ca2+-dependent contrac-tion induced by CaCl2.[Conclusion] Salvianolic acid B had a significant relaxing effect on contraction of porcine coronary artery,and had an antagonistic effect on the two kinds of contractions.


ABSTRACT Over the past twenty years, minimum income schemes (MIS) have undergone major transformations in their functions and role. From mainly residual instruments that aimed to guarantee minimum income support and to prevent extreme marginality, in most countries they now have an ambiguous function of providing income support and favouring social and labour market inclusion. Against this background, this article provides an analytical grid that allows describing the different features of last-resort safety nets across Europe, building on the definition of key main dimensions of variation of MISs in Europe – generosity, eligibility and conditionality requirements, institutional configuration, active inclusion profiles. Then, it introduces a new typology of MIS in Europe, building on a new dataset with data on expenditures and coverage collected from National Statistical Offices.


Purpose To describe the effect of renal sympathetic denervation (RDN) on renal arteries immediately after the procedure and at follow-up. Case Report A 52-year-old woman with severe resistant hypertension underwent RDN. A transient spasm occurred in the left renal artery immediately after radiofrequency energy delivery, with subsequent complete resolution without any additional therapy. At 6-month follow-up, the blood pressure increased, and imaging revealed a tight stenosis in the left renal artery, which was successfully treated with a stent. In the next days, there was an immediate significant blood pressure reduction. Conclusion Renal denervation can be complicated by local tissue injury at the ablation sites that could be a possible trigger of late arterial disease.


This study is the result of an experiment with an inventory of part of the archives of the Santa Catarina School Museum. We begin with a reflection about the work of taking inventory, share some desires, limits and doubts, and briefly discuss museological information. We then offer a trajectory of the museum until the moment of realization of the inventory of its archives and the creation of a data base to store information and present the routes taken in this "adventure". The principal motivation of this registration was the scarce support material found upon conducting the task and the desire to share the experience, while recognizing its limitations.


Aims: We investigated the clinical features and risk factors for acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) in related HLA-haploidentical peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (RH-PBSCT). Methods: The clinical characteristics of 147 patients who received RH-PBSCT and hematologic malignancies were retrospectively analyzed. The RH-PBSCT approach applied myeloablative conditioning and infused hematopoietic stem cells from related HLAhaploidentical donors without ex vivo T cell depletion. Results: The 3-year overall survival rate was 69.4 ± 5.161%, the relapse incidence was 22.4 ± 5.154%, and the non-relapse mortality was 15.0 ± 4.067%. The median time for acute GVHD onset was 44.7 (range: 6-95) days. The cumulative incidences for grade I-IV, grade II-IV, grade II-IV, and acute GVHD were 58.5 ± 4.53%, 34.7 ± 4.69%, and 12.9 ± 3.80% respectively. One-organ involvement GVHD (mostly the skin) was revealed in 57 patients (66.3%). The patient clinical outcomes of grade I acute GVHD were the best, followed by without acute GVHD, grade II acute GVHD, and grade III-IV acute GVHD, with the 3-year overall survival rates being 80.9%, 66.9%, 63.6%, and 46.3% (P < 0.05) respectively. Having a child donor was statistically close to being a risk factor (HR = 2.48, 95% CI 0.88-1.96, P = 0.08), but a multivariate analysis showed no significant difference (P = 0.116). Conclusion: The RH-PBSCT approach to treating hematological malignancies leads to moderate acute GVHD incidence and low severe acute GVHD (grade III-IV) incidence. The clinical outcome in mild acute GVHD is better than in severe acute GVHD. No independent risk factor of acute GVHD was identified in our analysis.


As to the accuracy, the given figure of ±6 ft. evidently is a reading accuracy. Systematic errors are very considerably higher, as has been shown from trials with the precision-type Alpine radar. The sections of chapter 3 on precision radar, radar or radio distance measurement and precision radio position fixing are limited to systems used by the British Hydrographic Department. They contain a number of useful practical and simple explanations that are not found in other textbooks. I more or less disagree with a number of details, but they are of too technical a character to be discussed in this review. The factual yardstick in all these systems is the propagation speed (groupvelocity ; phase velocity) of the radiowaves; the uncertainties therein form the main limitation in their accuracy, especially at the lower frequencies. It seems a bit strange that the velocity in vacua is adopted at 299,776 km/s., that it is stated to be inaccurately known and that it would be possible to measure it (more accurately) by means of 2-range Decca. For many years the velocity in vacuo has been internationally adopted at 299,792 • j ±0-4 km/s (standard error), i.e. with an accuracy of 1 part in appr. 7jo<ooo. So far as I know, Hi-Fix is used increasingly by the British Hydrographic Department and it should probably have been discussed in the Manual. I may conclude in saying that the new Volume I is a considerable improvement over its predecessors. It covers the main aspects of contemporary 'theoretical' hydrographic surveying and its practical value as a handbook is much enhanced by the complete set of worked-out examples. It is by no means a small task to compile such a Manual and Commander Hatfield and his collaborators certainly deserve the thanks of their colleagues in hydrographic surveying. J. Th. Verstelle


PURPOSE: To reduce the thickness while decreasing the cost and eliminating the danger of contact of wirings with a disk. CONSTITUTION: A metal thin plate 12 of the material for forming load beams 106, 107 integrates carriages 104, 105 connected from flexures 116, 117, VCM coils 102, 103 and the support plate 180 of a flexible board 100. Signal output lines 108 to 115 from magnetic heads 150, 150 and signal line 185 from the coils 102, 103 are directly integrally connected to the board 100 without solder connecting.


Despite the current lull in industrial energy cost increases, a potential business boom exists for consulting firms addressing the broad field of energy management. The abundance of consulting firms also provides plant engineers with the opportunity to select the best firm for a specific energy project. However, the number and variety of consulting firms that offer energy related services are staggering. How, then, can the right consultant be selected. How can the selecting company accomplish its project goals and maximize project results. A logical three-step procedure can greatly enhance the chances for success: define the job, develop thorough selection criteria, and monitor project progress. Although these steps are applied here to the selection of an energy consultant, they may apply to contracting out any technical project.


This study aims at developing a mobile seamless learning strategy in the Islamic education course taught in the State University of Malang, East Java, Indonesia. Anchored by the design of Research and Development developed by Borg & Gall, this study recruited students of Islamic education at the same university. The results of this study present learning based on the Android system enacted by the so-called Ayo Sinau (Let's Learn) application. This application facilitates learning and is equipped with questions and answers on religious problems provided by lecturers who are experts in their fields. It enables studying religion with lecturers who have authoritative sanad (chain of learning) of their religious knowledge, and provides informal and non-formal learning concepts, that are connected to the Ayo Mondok website. Thus, the App is easy to use for everyone who wants to study religion, anytime and anywhere. This tool also synchronizes inside and outside classroom activities, as well as independent, social, physical, and digital learning platforms. The results of the questionnaire showed a positive score.


Temporal Geographic Information System (TGIS), which aims to collect, manage and analyze dynamic geographic phenomena, is a hot scientific research field. The all-important task of developing a TGIS is to build the spatio-temporal database. Since data model is the core of a spatio-temporal database, many GIS researchers and experts of database community have made a lot of efforts about the spatio-temporal data model and many literatures and works have been published. Although some substantial data models have been put out, there are few feasible and acceptable ones. This paper attempts to address this problem. The advantages and disadvantages of some of the typical and important existing data models were briefly analyzed firstly in this paper. A novel unified version-based spatio-temporal data model (UVSTDM) is then proposed. Based on the conception of version, the evolution of geographic phenomena is represented by a series of object-versions and attribute-versions which are associated with temporal information. UVSTDM organizes the temporal data more effectively and treats spatial data and thematic or non-spatial data in a uniform way. With this model, the object states can be retrieved conveniently and the evolution history of an object or its attributes can be traced easily. * Corresponding author: email@example.com; phone +86-(0)21-65988851.


The in vitro bactericidal interactions of penicillin G, cefotaxime, or vancomycin in combination with gentamicin were compared against 20 group G streptococci by the timed kill curve method. Synergy was noted at the following frequencies: penicillin plus gentamicin, 80%; cefotaxime plus gentamicin, 85%; vancomycin plus gentamicin, 90%. There was no bactericidal antagonism observed.


Concerns about high rates of hysterectomy have increased interest in alternative surgical and medical treatments for menorrhagia. Hysteroscopic procedures that ablate and resect the endometrium without hysterectomy have been widely adopted but have increased, rather than decreased, the surgical workload in the UK. In addition, most patients prefer surgery to the available medical treatments. A study of the use of levonorgestrel-releasing IUD for treatment of menorrhagia found that more than 80% of women awaiting hysterectomy found this an attractive and effective alternative. However, future research will have to determine the attractiveness of this treatment to patients waiting for a minimally invasive surgical treatment. Alternative trial designs, such as the use of partially randomized patient preference trials, may be needed because it is not possible to create a blind control group in randomized trials of the use of the medicated IUD. The study findings, however, clearly support the use of the levonorgestrel IUD for treatment of menorrhagia. Further research will be required to evaluate long-term clinical effectiveness, cost effectiveness, and patient satisfaction.


Purpose
Older people with dementia (OPD) have specific housing and technology-related needs, for which various design principles exist. A model for designing environments and its constituting items for people with dementia that has a firm foundation in neurology may help guide designers in making design choices. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
A general design model is presented consisting of three principles for OPD, namely designing for ageing people; designing for a favourable state and designing for beautiful moments. The neurosciences as a whole give shape to an eminent framework explaining the behaviour of OPD. One of the objectives of this paper is to translate the design principles into design specifications and to show that these specifications can be translated in a design.

Findings
Philosophical concepts are introduced which are required to understand design for OPD. Four case studies from Dutch nursing homes are presented that show how the theory of modal aspects of the philosopher Dooyeweerd can be used to map design specifications in a systematic way.

Research limitations/implications
These examples of design solutions illustrate the applicability of the model developed in this article. It emphasises the importance of the environment for supporting the daily life of OPD.

Originality/value
There is a need for a design model for OPD. The environment and technology should initiate positive behaviours and meaningful experiences. In this paper, a general model for the designing of environments for OPD was developed that has a firm foundation in neurology and behavioural sciences. This model consists of six distinct steps and each step can be investigated empirically. In other words, this model may lay the foundation for an evidence-based design.


Objective To investigate the curative effect of high frequency oscillatory ventilation( HFOV) combined with sidenafil for treatment on persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn( PPHN). Methods Fifty PPHN patients were divided into HFOV group( group A,n = 16),HFOV combined with low-dose sidenafil group( group B,n = 16) and HFOV combined with high-dose sidenafil group( group C,n = 18). The pulmonary artery pressure( PAP),arterial oxygen tension( PaO 2), arterial oxygen saturation( SaO 2) and arterial carbon dioxide tension( PaCO 2) of the three groups were observed before treatment and three days after treatment and then were analysed. Results Before treatment,there was no statistic significance of PaO 2,SaO 2 and PaCO 2 among the groups( P 0. 05). Compared with before treatment,the PAP after treatment was decreased( P 0. 05) and the differences before and after treatment among the three groups were statistic( P 0. 05). Compared with before treatment,the PaO 2 and SaO 2 increased,and the PaCO 2 decreased after treatment( P 0. 05); and the differences of PaO 2, SaO 2 and PaCO 2 before and after treatment in group B and C were greater than those in group A( P 0. 05); the differences of SaO 2 and PaCO 2 before and after treatment in group C were greater than those in group B( P 0. 05). Conclusion The HFOV combined with sidenafil for treatment on PPHN has satisfactory efficacy.


The interaction of Mn (II), Co (II), Ni (II), Cu (II) and Zn (II) metal ions with nicotinic acid (NA) and ascorbic acid (AA) have been studied by pH-metric technique at 0.1 M (KNO 3) ionic strength at 302 ± 0.5 K in aqueous medium. The data obtained were used to evaluate the values of proton-ligand and metal-ligand stability constants using Irving-Rossotti titration technique. Mixed ligand complex studies of these metal ions using nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) and iminodiacetic acid (IMDA) as primary ligands and NA and AA as secondary ligands also have been carried out pH-metrically at the same conditions.


The present invention is an authentication device which has a prism of approximately square frustum shape, wherein the prism of approximately square frustum shape is disposed so that the side of the bottom surface among the parallel two surfaces of the approximately square frustum shape becomes a placing surface side for a finger. This authentication device has: first image capture means which is disposed below a top surface which is parallel to the bottom surface and which captures an image of a finger, which has been transmitted through the upper surface; light sources which emit light to at least one side surface of a first set of side surfaces among two opposed sets of side surfaces of the approximately square frustum shape; and second image capture means which captures an image of a finger, which has been transmitted through a second set of side surfaces among the two sets of side surfaces.


More children die from congenital heart disease (CHD) each year than are diagnosed with cancer. Although CHD is the most common human birth defect, the etiology of the vast majority of CHDs remains unknown. The difficulty in elucidating the molecular and genetic bases for CHD reflects the complex nature of this and other birth defects. Most CHD occurs sporadically, but the recurrence risk in subsequent pregnancies of parents with one affected child is ≈5%, or 5-fold higher than in other pregnancies. For some types of CHD, the recurrence risk can be as high as 10% to 15%.1 Thus, a genetic predisposition to CHD is likely present in affected individuals, but a second or third insult may occur during embryogenesis to contribute to the cardiac defects observed clinically. This possibility is similar to the multiple-hit theory in the pathogenesis of cancer and could come in the form of environmental or other genetic factors that accentuate effects of predisposing genetic mutations. Evidence for this theory in CHD comes from patients with similar genetic mutations who display widely varying forms of CHD or no CHD at all.2 3 This complexity and the often lethal nature of CHD have resulted in a paucity of large human families amenable to genetic linkage analysis,4 5 limiting the usefulness of classical genetic analyses.

The study by Lee et al6 in this issue of Circulation Research provides evidence that a more systematic approach directed at identifying genes important in cardiac formation may yield insight into the bases of CHD. Lyons and his …


In this paper, we describe design and control of the newly developed versatile micro robot which can be applied to microscopes. In order to provide microscopic manipulation, the unique locomotion mechanism which is composed of four piezo elements and two electromagnets is proposed. Here two legs arranged on cross each other are connected by four piezo elements so that it can move in any directions, i.e. in X and Y directions as well as rotate at the specified point precisely with the manner of inch worm. Moreover the combination of particular wave forms for piezo elements can provide "arc trajectory with facing center", that is important for the micro manipulator to keep its tip end within the microscopic area. In the primary experiments, several performances such as motion accuracy, reliability and precise dexterity are checked by the CCD camera based microscope image tracker. The design procedure, basic performance and biomedical application of this tiny robot also are discussed to open the new field for micro-robotics in precision region.


The state of art of support vector mechanics method (SVM) problems related to civil engineering is presented in this paper till now. Areas of further research are presented and ongoing numerical investigations on SVM techniques are shown. © 2015 Elixir All rights reserved. ARTICLE INF O Articl e h istory: Received: 8 October 2014; Received in revised form: 28 February 2015; Accepted: 23 March 2015;


The Beautiful Universe (BU) model is a universal cellular automata (CA) of rotating dielectric dipolar nodes exchanging angular momentum with neighboring nodes to make radiation, matter, and space itself. In this paper a simplified simulation of non-rotating nodes that nevertheless obey the momentum-exchange 'rules' of (BU) provide a qualitative picture of energy transport in the model and can be considered a preliminary proof of concept on which to build further work


For Strange Objects, I quite deliberately set out to find an episode in Australian history that dealt with a teenager being isolated. I was eager to establish this 'teen loner' element as a form of rapport with my young readers, yet re-interpret the teen genre at the same time. As a result, I wrote in the journal that I had begun keeping for my new novel: I would like to trace the life of a boy left entirely alone in Australia before settlement. I think this would be like leaving me alone on Mars. While there would be a drive for 'physical survival', there would also be a need for 'psychic survival' - how to adjust, cope, grow through loss… I then went looking for my seminal historical episode involving a castaway youth. Image: Public Domain (State Library of Queensland). https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:StateLibQld_1_103421_County_of_Anglesea_(ship).jpg


It has been previously suggested that self‐splicing of group II introns starts with a nucleophilic attack of the 2′ OH group from the branchpoint adenosine on the 5′ splice junction. To investigate the sequences governing the specificity of this attack, a series of Bal31 nuclease deletion mutants was constructed in which progressively larger amounts of 5′ exon have been removed starting from its 5′ end. The ability of mutant RNAs to carry out self‐splicing in vitro was studied. Involvement of 5′ exon sequences in self‐splicing activity is indicated by the fact that a mutant in which as many as 18 nucleotides of 5′ exon remain is seriously disturbed in splicing, while larger deletions eliminate splicing entirely. Mutants containing a truncated 5′ exon form aberrant RNAs. One of these is a 425‐nucleotide RNA containing the 5′ exon as well as sequences of the 5′ part of the intron. Its 3′ end maps at position 374 of the 887‐nucleotide intron. The other is a less abundant lariat RNA probably originating from the remainder of the intron linked to the 3′ exon. We interpret this large dependence of reactivity of the intron on 5′ exon and adjoining intron sequences as evidence for base‐pairing interactions between the exon and parts of the intron, leading to an RNA folding necessary for splicing. Possible folding models are discussed.


Today's manufacturing companies face unparalleled business challenges in their struggle to create value for owners and stakeholders. While a world marketplace has resulted in lower cost and more options for consumers, global competition has placed unrelenting pressure on manufacturers to lower cost and eliminate inefficiencies.


 We report the thermal sensitivity dependence of long period gratings on the surroundings refractive index. For external refractive indexes ranging from 1.000 to 1.447 the grating thermal sensitivity changes from 0.040 ± 0.001 nm/oC to 0.393 ± 0.015, respectively. The presented results point to the important behavior that must be considered when the device is intended to operates as a temperature sensor for different external media, or as a refractometer working in different temperatures.


THE OUTBREAK OF INVASIVE FUNGAL INFECTIONS AMONG patients who received injections of contaminated methylprednisolone acetate from the New England Compounding Center continues. New cases have been reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention weekly and more than 740 patients in 20 states have been diagnosed with meningitis, spinal or paraspinal infections, or joint infections (ie, epidural abscess, phlegmon, diskitis, vertebral osteomyelitis, arachnoiditis, or other complications at or near the injection site). Spinal or paraspinal infections can present weeks to months after the initial injection. Current recommendations from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention call for patients with new or worsening symptoms at or near the injection site to undergo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with contrast of the symptomatic areas. In this issue of JAMA, Malani et al provide important information detailing the possibility of paraspinal or spinal infections in those without a change from their baseline pain or neuropathic symptoms. These findings suggest that current screening recommendations may need reconsideration. Patients exposed to contaminated steroids can no longer be reassured that the lack of new or progressive symptoms equates to a lack of infection. In the report by Malani et al, 36 of 172 patients (21%) screened for evidence of paraspinal or spinal infection exhibited MRI abnormalities suggestive of infection. Although a review of symptoms was not available for all screened patients, among the 115 patients surveyed, 80 (70%) had no change in their symptoms. Of these 80 patients, 13 (16%) had an abnormal MRI. A total of 35 of 115 patients experienced an increase in their baseline pain or neuropathic symptoms, yet had not received an MRI (although one may have already been ordered). After diagnostic imaging was obtained, 22 of these 35 patients (63%) had imaging findings consistent with focal infection. These results suggest either reassurance at a prior clinical visit may have been offered, or patients were not aware of the need to seek care for worsening symptoms. Virtually all patients with abnormal MRI findings met criteria from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for probable or proven disease. Twenty-four of these 35 patients required operative intervention as a diagnostic or therapeutic maneuver, and all 35 received antifungal therapy. In light of these findings, it may seem reasonable to mandate MRI screening for all exposed patients. However, this recommendation may not be applicable to the entire exposed population. The lot (No. 06292012@26) of contaminated steroid responsible for cases in Michigan and the majority of those in Tennessee was associated with a higher attack rate than other steroid lots (Nos. 05212012@68 and 08102012@51) causally implicated in this outbreak. The reasons for differing attack rates by region and lot number remain obscure. However, storage conditions, age of the product, extent of exposure (ie, multiple exposures), and host factors, including immunogenetic differences in susceptibility, likely each play a large role. Other institution-related or region-specific factors may contribute to patient risk for fungal infection. For example, translaminar injection was an independent risk factor for fungal infection but transforminal injection was not. Geographicor region-specific practices for injection have not been reported. Furthermore, physician preference for procedure type may play a role in the variation of attack rates between locations and should be considered in the development of diagnostic and treatment recommendations. The report by Malani et al also raises the question of how infection develops in patients without worsening underlying back pain or neuropathic symptoms. Patients with preexisting chronic pain may pay less attention to the development of slightly more pain, or increases in pain frequency. It is not clear if a validated symptom questionnaire was used in the study by Malani et al to assess subtle changes from


Matrix elements for fermion and boson operators describing the creation or annihilation of particles with multiple angular-momentum quantum numbers can be factored into products of matrix elements of generalized operators, one for each quantum number. The generalized operators have nonzero matrix elements between states of arbitrary permutational symmetry. This factorization greatly increases the efficiency of shell-model calculations. We provide a physical interpretation for these generalized operators and introduce a simple operator-reordering procedure.


C17H20048, m.p. 435 K, M r = 320.4, mono- clinic, P21/n, a=26.855(5), b=I0.515(2), c= 5.757 (1) ,/~, fl= 93.43 (2) °, V= 1622.75 ,~J, Z = 4, O m = 1.270, D x = 1.311 Mg m -3, 2(Mo Kct) = 0.71069/~, /1 = 0.21 mm -1, F(000) = 680, room tem- perature, final R = 0.086 for 532 independent non-zero reflections. The main feature of the molecule is an approximately planar fused-ring system of the oxathiole with the cycloenone ring (maximum deviation from planarity of 0.37 (2) A). Both six-membered rings have envelope-like conformations with, in each case, five atoms coplanar and one atom displaced by ea O. 7 ~,. Introduction. In the course of a systematic investigation on the reactivity of phenyliodonium dimedonate it was found (Papadopoulou, 1984) that its reaction with CS2 yields, along with two others, a new compound, the molecular structure of which could not be deduced from chemical and spectroscopic data. This necessitated the X-ray crystal structure analysis of the title compound, EDDEO, reported here. Experimental. Pure, colourless, crystals of EDDEO kindly provided by Professor A. Varvoglis and Dr M. Papadopoulou. D m measured by flotation in a KBr solution. Crystal 0.58 x 0.52 × 0.28 mm. Philips PW 1100 computer-controlled single-crystal diffrac- tometer. Cell constants by least-squares analysis of 0 angles of the 59 strongest reflexions. Graphite-


In view of the continuing shortages and increasing costs in fossil fuels and the increasing demands in environmental protection issues, such as suppression of greenhouse gases (CO2, chlorofluorocarbons, etc.), R&D of more economical and renewable energy resources are of great demands. Among them, fuel cells and solar, wind, nuclear, and hydrogen energies have drawn much R&D attentions. In particular, recent research and development of novel nanostructured porous silicate and porous carbon materials, which possess tunable pores in the mesoporous range, high specific surface area, high structural, hydrothermal and mechanical stabilities and unique adsorptive, electrochemical and catalytic properties, are the most promising candidates for advanced applications in energy-related sectors, for examples, as carriers for fuel storage and as catalytic supports for fuel cell electrodes. The objectives of this research are aiming at developing novel synthesis routes to fabricate novel metal (Pt) catalyst supported on amine-functionalized porous carbons (PtCNxM), and to evaluate their applications as fuel cell cathode electrodecatalysts. In particular, the dispersion of the novel metal catalyst, reduction of it loading, and the effects of surface modification by amine-functionalization, are of special interests and have been comprehensively investigated. In terms of the material synthesis, various amine-functionalized mesoporous SBA-15 slilica templates (SNxM) were prepared via using different di- and tri-aminosilanes through two different routes, namely by co-condensation and post-synthesis methods. Subsequently, fabrication of PtCNxM catalysts were replicated by co-feeding primary carbon sorces (e.g., furfuryl alcohol) and primary metal precursors (i.e., platinum acetylacetonate, which also served as secondary carbon source) into the SNxM template by incipient wetness method, followed by carbonization under vacuum at high temperatures (600-800 oC), silica template removal by hydrofluoric acid, and finally by washing, filtering and drying processes. A variety of different spectroscopic and analytical techniques, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), N2 adsorption/desoption isotherm, elemental analysis (EA), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), induced coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS), Fourier-transformed infrared (FTIR) absorption spectroscopy etc., have been used to characterize the physicochemical properties of various materials. The electrochemical properties and catalytic performance of the fuel cell cathode electrocatalysts (PtCNxM) during oxygen reduction reaction were also evaluated by cyclic voltammetry (CV). The results obtained from this study should not only enhance our knowledge on the fabrication of metal catalysts supported on surface-functionalized porous carbon materials and their fundamental physicochemical properties, but also their applications as electrocatalysts for proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) and direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) as well as their catalytic performances during oxygen reduction reaction. Aiming at improving the catalytic activity of the cathode electrocatalysts, reduction of the catalyst fabrication costs, and applicability for commercialization, it is anticipated that the outcomes of this research should have some impact to academic research as well as industrial applications.


In this paper, the time and space distribution, the focal mechanism and the regional stress field of strong earthquakes since 1900 in Taiwan and its eastern sea region have been studied. The results show that there are three seismic areas and four active periods of strong earthquake ( M ≥7) from 1900 to 1999 in Taiwan region. The fault plane solutions of 27 strong events since 1933 well represent characteristics of the regional stress fields of the three seismic areas. In comparison with the five active episodes of the China′s continent, strong earthquakes in Taiwan preceded ones of the continent generally. We infer that the fourth active period of Taiwan, which has begun since 1986, and the fifth one of the continent would last till the early stage of this century.


Modern techniques for solving structured linear systems over finite fields, which use the coefficient matrix as a black box and require an efficient algorithm for multiplying this matrix by a vector, are applicable to the classical algorithm for factoring a univariate polynomial over a finite field by Berlekamp (1967 and 1970). We report on a computer implementation of this idea that is based on the parallel block Wiedemann linear system solver (Coppersmith 1994 and Kaltofen 1993 and 1995). The program uses randomization and we also study the expected run time behavior of our method. The asymptotically fastest known algorithm for factoring a polynomial over a finite field is by von zur Gathen and Shoup (1992). Shoup (1993) has subsequently implemented the equal degree part of that algorithm making use of FFT-based polynomial arithmetic. We will show that a sequential version of the black box Berlekamp algorithm is strongly related to their method and allows for the same asymptotic speed-ups, at least within a logarithmic factor. It is also possible to realize the Niederreiter approach (Niederreiter and Gottfert 1994) by black box linear algebra (Gao and von zur Gathen 1994). That approach is similar to Berlekamp's (Fleischmann 1993) and the tradeoffs between both methods when using a black box linear system solver are quite subtle. We have not implemented the black box Niederreiter algorithm and therefore have no comparative data. It is now known that a method by Cantor and Zassenhaus (1981, S3) is com-


A new, commercially available polishing process called magnetorheological finishing is used to polish and figure precision optics. To understand and model this process correctly it is important to determine the mechanical properties of the fluid under the influence of the magnetic field. Magnetorheological (MR) fluids are commonly modeled as Bingham fluids, so one of the essential properties to measure is the yield stress. Since MR fluids are inherently anisotropic, the yield stress will depend on the mutual orientation of the magnetic field and the direction of deformation. The relative orientation of the field and deformation in polishing does not coincide with common rheological setups, so a new rheometer has been designed and tested. This new magnetorheometer design has been shown to give correct stresses during calibration experiments using Newtonian fluids with a known viscosity. The measured stress has also been shown to have a magnitude consistent with published finite element approximations for magnetic fluids. The design of the instrument was complicated because of the requirements imposed upon the magnetic field, and the difficulty in satisfying the no slip boundary condition. Our results show the importance of having a homogeneous field in the test region during measurements. The solutions to these problems and discussion of the measurements on nonmagnetic and magnetic fluids are given.


We consider in this work the different possible stationary flows of a one-dimensional quantum fluid in the mean-field regime. We focus on the supersonic regime where a transition from a time-dependent flow to a stationary diffractive flow occurs at a given critical velocity. We give nonperturbative results for this critical velocity in the presence of a localised obstacle of arbitrary size and strength. In addition, we discuss the existence of superfluid-like solution in the supersonic regime due to resonant transport and provide a complete map of the different regimes of stationary transport of a quantum fluid.


This paper discusses the mechanism of montmorillonite structural alteration and modification of bentonites' properties (based on samples from clay deposits Taganskoye, Kazakhstan and Mukhortala, Buriatia) under thermochemical treatment (treatment with inorganic acid solutions at different temperatures, concentrations and reaction times). Treatment conditions were chosen according to those accepted in chemical industry for obtaining acid modified clays as catalysts or sorbents. Also, more intense treatment was carried out to simulate possible influence at the liquid radioactive site repositories. A series of methods was used: XRD, FTIR, ICP-AES, TEM, nitrogen adsorption, and particle size analysis. It allowed revealing certain processes: transformation of montmorillonite structure which appears in the leaching of interlayer and octahedral cations and protonation of the interlayer and –OH groups at octahedral sheets. In turn, changes in the structure of the 2:1 layer of montmorillonite and its interlayer result in significant alterations in the properties: reduction of cation exchange capacity and an increase of specific surface area. Acid treatment also leads to a redistribution of particle sizes and changes the pore system. The results of the work showed that bentonite clays retain a significant portion of their adsorption properties even after a prolonged and intense thermochemical treatment (1 M HNO3, 60 °C, 108 h).


This paper describes a method to evaluate uncertainty of the self-alignment test of the upper plate of a press according to EN 12390-4:2000. The method, the algorithms and the sources of uncertainty are described.


Abstract : The technical objectives of the program are: Study active control of combustion instability in a laboratory scale combustor based on fuel flow modulation or an alternative practical means of actuation. Develop a model of the plant taking into account the complex physical mechanisms responsible for screech in a liquid-fueled combustor to help design a robust controller. The model should also account for possible interactions between the controller and the plant. Design a controller to suppress screech based on open-loop frequency response data. Implement the controller and demonstrate active control of speech based on liquid fuel flow modulation. Determine the range of application of the controller in terms of flow rates and equivalence ratios. Assess feasibility of nonadaptive, scheduled and adaptive control strategies to design a robust controller to achieve full-envelope control of combustion instability. Develop a general design process applicable to a practical combustor operating over a wide range of input conditions. Identify promising approaches, select candidate strategies for implementation and test these on the existing combustor. Explore extension of active control to suppress transverse mode high frequency oscillations expected in afterburner screech. Identify performance limits of commercially available hardware and explore alternative means of actuation. (JHD)


Logistic resources pooling concept has become a subject of several researches in previous years, related to various activity sectors (transport, warehouse, E-commerce, etc.) to improve logistics chains performance in sustainable development context. The pooling resources (warehouses, transports, platforms, etc.) hydrocarbons supply chain purposes remains few discussed subject in research papers, due to data confidentiality and sector sensitivity. In this paper "transport and storage" pooling concepts will be described, as well as a review of the literature about new organization strategies for sustainable logistics. We present the current supply chain petroleum products model in Morocco (diesel gasoil and gasoline products case), and a simulation of part of hydrocarbon supply chain (case of diesel gasoil) to understand and make clear different parameters. By simulation before and after resources pooling (using ARENA software) we could determine CO2 emissions variation rate to assess the environmental impact regarding to pooling resources case.


ABSTRACT. Single sensillum recordings were made from male antennal pheromone receptors of Agrotis segetum (Schiff.) (Noctuidae) and Adoxophyes orana (F.v.R.) (Tortricidae). A gas chromatograph (GC) was used to prepare and to deliver the odour stimuli. Samples of female abdominal gland extracts were injected into the column of the GC and the responses of the receptor cells to the effluent were recorded continuously. The receptor cells responded with an increase of their action potential frequency during elution of the major pheromone components. The pheromone receptors of Agrotis showed a much higher sensitivity than those of Adoxophyes. In the extract of female glands from Agrotis, compounds were detected which have not been identified in previous studies of the sex pheromone of this species. It is suggested that the combination of GC techniques with direct single sensillum recording may serve as a valuable supplement to electro‐antennographic techniques.


developing countries with Internet, and should include helping librarians, and then their readers to understand and to integrate what they can find among the global electronic resources The second priority is freedom of expression, and the importance of libraries of the development of a democratic and national identity should be stressed. The third priority is standardization, and whatever the technical development in a library there are standards which can be of use. The author stresses that at this


In accordance with progression in current capabilities towards high-resolution approaches, applying a convectivepermitting resolution to global aerosol models helps comprehend how complex cloud-precipitation systems interact with aerosols. This study investigates the impacts of a double-moment bulk cloud microphysics scheme, i.e., NICAM Doublemoment bulk Water 6 developed in this study (NDW6-G23), on the spatiotemporal distribution of aerosols in the Non15 hydrostatic Icosahedral Atmospheric Model as part of the version 19 series (NICAM.19) with 14 km grid spacing. The mass concentrations and optical thickness of the NICAM-simulated aerosols are generally comparable to those obtained from in situ measurements, but some aerosol species, especially dust and sulfate, have larger differences among the experiments with NDW6 and NSW6 compared to those among the experiments with different horizontal resolutions, i.e., 14 km and 56 km grid spacing, as shown in a previous study. The simulated aerosol burdens using NDW6 are generally lower than those using 20 NSW6; the instantaneous radiative forcing due to aerosol-radiation interaction (IRFari) is estimated to be -1.57 Wm-2 (NDW6) and -1.86 Wm-2 (NSW6) in the global annual mean values of shortwave all-aerosol radiative forcing at the top of the atmosphere (TOA). This difference among the experiments using different cloud microphysics modules, e.g., 0.29 Wm-2 or 16% difference in IRFari values, is attributed to a different ratio of column precipitation to the sum of the column precipitation and column liquid cloud water, which strongly determines the magnitude of wet deposition in the simulated aerosols. Since 25 the simulated ratios in the NDW6 experiment are larger than those of the NSW6 result, the scavenging effect of the simulated aerosols in the NDW6 experiment is larger than that in the NSW6 experiment. A large difference between the experiments is also found in the aerosol indirect effect (AIE), i.e., the shortwave effective radiative forcing due to aerosol-cloud interaction (ERFaci) from the present to preindustrial days, which is estimated to be -1.34 Wm-2 (NDW6) and -0.63 Wm-2 (NSW6) in global annual mean values. The magnitude of the ERFaci value in the NDW6 experiment is larger than that in the NSW6 result, 30 probably due to the differences in the susceptibility of the simulated cloud water to the simulated aerosols and partly due to https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2023-82 Preprint. Discussion started: 13 June 2023 c © Author(s) 2023. CC BY 4.0 License.


The best laid plans in public policy often go astray. This is illustrated by the face that preservation policies render wildlife species valueless in the marketplace and create nearly perfect circumstances for their demise. The general phenomenon is illustrated by the plight of the alligator.


Meconium peritonitis is a rare disease in neonates, characterized by intraperitoneal calcification, numerous fibrosis with or without pseudocyst formation due to antenatal extravasation of meconium. Meconium peritonitis may result in a number of genital manifestations, including inguinal and scrotal or labial hydrocele containing meconium or calcifications. Recently, increased numbers of fetuses with meconium peritonitis have been prenatally diagnosed by ultrasonography. We report a case of meconium peritonitis in a neonate with ascites and hydrocele which was diagnosed by antenatal ultrasonography. (Korean J Pediatr 2004;47:448-452)


Abstract Some new concepts of β-semimonotone, and weakly semiaccretive random mappings are introduced and then some nonlinear variational inequalities for such random mappings are solved.


Abstract The resistance of neoprene vulcanizates to degradation when exposed to heat is increased markedly by compounding with selected calcium salts in place of magnesium oxide. The preferred material is a product containing 36% calcium oxide prepared by calcining reagent grade calcium carbonate in a laboratory muffle furnace at 1600° F for 30 minutes. Calcium salts of fatty acids containing 18 carbon atoms in the fatty acid portion of the molecule also are effective. The calcium salt of a more highly unsaturated fatty acid is an effective antiozonant. The stress-strain properties and resistance to compression set and swelling in oil are similar for compounds employing calcium salts compared with magnesium oxide. Calcium salts reduce the processing safety of the compounds, and the resistance of the vulcanizates to swelling in water.


Objective: To detect the effect of kinetin on type I and III collagen fibrils in rats with hepatic fibrosis. Methods: Rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: model group with CCL4 induced hepatic fibrosis; Kinetin group were given 0.1% kinetin 0.5 ml/100 g per day at the time of making model; control group were given normal saline subcutaneously. All the groups were treated for 12 weeks. The content and distribution of collagen fibrils were observed with both picric-sirius red polarimetry and image analysis. Results: The content of type I and III collagen fibrils were ( 2.107 ± 0.833 )% and ( 1.114 ± 0.413 )% respectively in the kinetin group, significantly lower than those in the model group ( 4.473 ± 2.311 )% and ( 1.964 ± 0.854 )% respectively (P 0.01 ). Conclusion: Kinetin may significantly decrease the content of type I and III collagen fibrils in rats with hepatic fibrosis.


Cogwheel transmission using one kind of transmission, to the field of gear transmission, a hollow circular ring structure of the present invention cogwheel (1) formed by at least two half-rings secured, disposed within the bore in the middle of the cogwheel there cylinder (6), said cylindrical body arranged concentrically with the cogwheel, the cogwheel end surface are laid with a plurality of through holes of the pins (7), each of said spring connection pin stud holes by column an end plate (2), the other end of each plate spring is connected to the tangential surface of the outer edge of the cylindrical body, the peripheral surfaces provided with a plurality of cogwheel teeth, the teeth provided at the lower right cogwheel side or the lower left side of the star wheel (3) engaging the gear teeth, the present invention has a simple structure, low manufacturing cost, reliable, and easy maintenance, in particular the use of such transmission mode in a rotary kiln system, having a wide economic efficiency and promote the use of broad prospects.


The invention discloses an air disc brake and an automatic friction-plate returning method thereof. The air disc brake comprises a first friction plate, a second friction plate, a caliper body and a friction-plate pressing rod arranged on the caliper body. Friction-plate returning mechanisms connected with the first friction plate and the second friction plate in an inserted mode are arranged on the friction-plate pressing rod. According to the automatic friction-plate returning method of the air disc brake, the friction plates automatically return by means of the air disc brake. By means of return force provided by the friction-plate returning mechanisms, the first friction plate and the second friction plate are automatically separated from a brake disc. The dragging torque is reduced, abrasion to the friction plates and the brake disc is reduced, noise is lowered, the utilization rate of fuel oil of a vehicle is increased, and the service life of the friction plates is prolonged.


Background: This study was aimed at finding out how Korean honorific terms connotate social discourses throughout media by analyzing advanced research and politeness theory on the role of language, based on an understanding of the semiologic role of language and its social semantic interpretation. Methods: The study was conducted by literature research and case study. First of all, the study drew items for analysis by examining theories about language, politeness and honorific terms and compared foreign and domestic advanced research on language used in TV advertisements. Then the study classified 1,115 TV advertisements broadcasted between January and June 2016 into categories for analysis and compared them with the existing research. Results: There was a polarization of expressions - the top honorific term and the top humble term - as well as a speech-level shift where various honorific terms are mixed together based on the object of the honorific term. The reasons are as follows. First, the honorific term in a social relationship shifts to a goal-oriented system from the phatic system; second, members of a society claims for a lateral social class and politeness to a certain social class. It could be assumed that the unstable economy and political and social disasters, which are current social issues, are expressed toward a certain society class while they exist in the social member's awareness. Conclusions: The analysis results indicate that linguistic expressions play a role as a frame of reference to express an the semantic structure of an individual's social universe.


Abstract The easterly Caribbean low-level jet (CLLJ) is a prominent climate feature over the Intra-America Seas, and it is associated with much of the water vapor transport from the tropical Atlantic into the Caribbean Basin. In this study, the North American Regional Reanalysis (NARR) is analyzed to improve the understanding of the dynamics of the CLLJ and its relationship to regional rainfall variations. Horizontal momentum balances are examined to understand how jet variations on both diurnal and seasonal time scales are controlled. The jet is geostrophic to the first order. Its previously documented semidiurnal cycle (with minima at about 0400 and 1600 LT) is caused by semidiurnal cycling of the meridional geopotential height gradient in association with changes in the westward extension of the North Atlantic subtropical high (NASH). A diurnal cycle is superimposed, associated with a meridional land–sea breeze (solenoidal circulation) onto the north coast of South America, so that the weakest jet velo...


Axial type water pumps are widely used in daily activities. The size of the output pipe has a significant influence on the efficiency and performance of the pump performance. By changing the size of the pump will cause changes in flow velocity and fluid pressure on the pipe. The PVC pipe used in this test is 1, 1/2′, 1′, 3/4′, 1/2″ inches. By varying the pipe press carried out measurements of flow speed generated, as well as the flow of the water in the pipe. The length of the pipe causes the loss of the head, because the friction of fluid with the pipe surface is wider. While the pipe size change that will cause fluid flow change. From the test results obtained fluid flow that occurs is turbulent flow with Reynold numbers 17.050 up to 59.884. The lowest head loss value occurs on the 1.5″ pipe size of 2.504, with a water debit of 41x10-5 m3 / s. The water flow through the pipeline causes the Reynolds' to be lower, if the water flow is low. The tendency of the liquid stream to be laminar, and the flow rate becomes lower.


The process of separating azeotropic mixtures is one of the challenging processes encountered in the chemical industry. Examples of typical methods used to separate azeotropic mixtures are azeotropic distillation and extractive distillation. However, these techniques are quite difficult since it require application of third component to alter the relative volatility of the mixture, I± and additional separation unit to separate the third component from the product. Therefore, in this study, the effects of ultrasonic waves on vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE) of normal binary and azeotropic mixtures were studied. The binary mixtures utilized were methanol-water and ethanol-water. Ultrasonic waves with frequency of 25 kHz, 40 kHz and 68 kHz were used. In terms of ultrasonic intensity, it was chosen from 50 to 250 W/A.cm2. Since 40 kHz is the commonly used ultrasonic frequency, the studies on the effect of different ultrasonic intensities at 50, 100, 200 and 250 W/A.cm2 to VLE of binary mixtures were done at that frequency to obtain the best ultrasonic operating intensity. Besides that, the experimental studies were also carried out using frequency of 25 kHz and 68 kHz. The results reveal that the use of ultrasonic waves altered the I±, changed the VLE data of binary mixtures and consequently eliminated the azeotropic point. However, the changes were dependent on the intensity and frequency of ultrasonic wave applied. Among the frequencies studied, 25 kHz was the most suitable operating frequency for all the binary mixtures investigated. On the other hand, the best operating intensity varies, depending on the mixtures' characteristics. The best operating intensities for methanol-water and ethanol-water mixtures were 200 and 250 W/A.cm2, respectively. The highest I± values obtained in this research were 29.413 for methanol-water and 13.227 for ethanol-water. The changes in relative volatility and VLE data were caused by the cavitational activity and vacuum effect that occurred during transmission of ultrasonic wave in liquid medium. Hence, the outcome from this study verified the feasibility of using ultrasonic wave to enhance the separation of binary mixtures in distillation column and overcoming the challenges of azeotropic separation.


The utility model discloses a detachable and movable composite module of a pedestrian-vehicle channel device, which is used for building the pedestrian-vehicle channel device and is preassembled by a frame assembly and has an opposite convex and concave shape, and the frame assembly is formed by installing a plurality of metal truss members and concrete precast slabs. When in construction, each composite module is transported to each construction section for assembly, thereby the construction speed and schedule are accelerated and the influence of road construction to traffic due is mitigated.


Six plant powders viz. neem leaf powder, neem seed powder, neem cake powder, curry leaf powder, chili fruit powder and bael leaf powder each at 5 g/ kg and mustard oil at 5 ml/ kg of powder grains were evaluated for their effectiveness as grain protectants against Callosobruchus chinensis on green gram in storage. The results revealed that mustard oil and neem seed powder were more effective. The order of efficacy of remaining treatments was neem cake > neem leaf powder > curry leaf powder > chili fruit powder > bael leaf powder which were significantly superior over control. It was also found that treatments do not affect the germination of seeds.


During these last years, the substantially biological field effect transistors (BioFET) are one of the most abundant classes of electronic sensors for biomolecular detection. The determination of glucose levels using these biosensors, especially in the medical diagnosis and food industries, is gaining popularity. Among them, ion-sensitive field effect transistor (ISFET) is considered one of the most intriguing approaches in electrical biosensitivity technology. The glucose sensor ISFET detects the glucose molecule by catalyzing glucose to gluconic acid and hydrogen peroxide in the presence of oxygen. In this paper, first of all we examine some of the main advantages in this field, the perspective of applications and the main issues in order to stimulate a broader interest in the development of biosensors based on ISFET and to extend their applications for a reliable and sensitive glucose analysis. Thereafter, a biosensor with field effect sensitive to the ions for the detection of glucose is modeled analytically. In the proposed model, the glucose concentration is presented according to the gate voltage. The simulated data show that the analytical model can be used with an electrochemical glucose sensor to predict mechanism's behavior of detection in the biosensors.


Risk assessment of storm surge and wave hazards in the Huanghe Delta coastal area of the Bohai Sea requires accurate prediction of storm surge and wave hazards.So this study is aimed at establishing a coastal high-resolution(2′×2′)two-way coupled wave-tide-surge model,including three main physical mechanisms.The model was used for comparisons and analysis of simulated and measured wave heights and sea level in two moderate storm cases in the Huanghe Delta coastal area.We show that the effects of different physical mechanisms on wave heights are mainly determined by wave-current interaction by radiation stress in the wave energy equation.Wave-age dependent surface wind stress and radiation stress mechanisms in the coupling wave-tide-surge interaction have positive impact on sea level,and wave-current interaction bottom stress mechanism show negative impact on sea level.The comprehensive effects of three main physical mechanisms show positive net impact on seal level and increase it by as much as 25 cm .We show that the wave heights and sea levels simulated by the coupled wave-tide-surge model agree better with the measured values compared to uncoupled model results,particularly for peak storm conditions.


relationships are also at risk. Any woman in the reproductive years may have an unintended pregnancy; however, women between 20 and 30 years appear to be at greatest risk. This may reflect the median age at first birth in NSW, which in 1992 had increased to 28 years for nuptial births.'! The relatively high NSW termination rate in this age group" could reflect voluntary delay of childbearing. A large proportion of women in the survey had had a previous termination of pregnancy or had had children. However, there is evidence that women who have had one termination are more likely to have another.P Much of the literature on unintended pregnancies focuses on teenagers. 13,14 A finding that causes concern is that, although teenagers represented only 17% of women in the survey, they were the age group most likely to have a second-trimester termination. These data are consistent with other reports that teenagers are the group most likely to have a late termination. 1,15 Access to counselling services (possibly through schools) might reduce the high proportion of second-trimester terminations among adolescents and encourage them to present earlier in their pregnancies. Financial concerns were given by 60% of respondents as a contributing factor to having a termination. Similarly, 58% reported this in a 1974 study by the Preterm Foundation in Sydney.7 Other factors cited by respondents are also consistent with those given in the


Almost half the population of Australian adults reports use of an illicit substance at least once. Therefore it is likely that some of our patients may be using illicit drugs in combination with other medications. Illicit substance use may contribute to adverse effects, interfere with treatment efficacy, or even augment treatment effects. Additionally, regular users of illicit substances may exhibit poor medication adherence or impaired ability to engage in behaviours such as blood glucose testing in diabetes.Systematic research on drug interactions with illicit drugs is not routinely conducted – most evidence comes from case reports. However, drug interactions are important. Many deaths that are attributed to illicit drug toxicity alone are often actually the result of drug interactions. This article reviews potential drug interactions with illicit drugs, with an emphasis on the two most popular illicit drugs in Australia – cannabis and methamphetamine.


A large‐scale biofuel industry based on cellulosic materials would provide many new job opportunities. We model potential direct jobs generated by a cellulosic ethanol industry in the United States. These job projections are estimated via a bottom‐up approach based on the cellulosic feedstock supply chain systems as a function of the price farmers receive for the feedstock. The cellulosic feedstock types involved in the feedstock supply chain system are crop residues, perennial grasses, annual energy crops, and coppiced and non‐coppiced woody crops. Results show that the feedstock transportation sector is where most of the jobs are created, followed by the feedstock production sector. Jobs generated by the feedstock transportation sector account for around one‐third of total new jobs generated, while jobs generated by cellulosic feedstock production account for about one‐quarter of the new jobs. In the United States, most of the new jobs are created in Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma, and Texas. At feedstock prices over US$ 55 per dry ton, more than 100 000 new direct full‐time equivalent jobs are potentially generated. The number of jobs potentially generated by the cellulosic ethanol fuel production system is highly sensitive to the feedstock price. At $60 per ton, a 50% increase in feedstock price, the system generates over 6 times more jobs than it does at a feedstock price of $40 per ton. Many more farmers produce cellulosic feedstock for ethanol production at higher feedstock prices, and thus more ethanol production leads to more job creation. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd


The invention belongs to the technical field of fluorescent whitening agents and preparation methods thereof, and in particular relates to a liquid fluorescent whitening agent. The invention mainly aims to solve the problems of unobvious whitening effect, poor stability and the like of an existing fluorescent whitening agent. The liquid fluorescent whitening agent provided by the invention is prepared through a method comprising the following steps: (1) weighing raw materials; (2) preparing a mixture of three-shrinkage intermediates I and II; (3) adding 4,4'-diamido diphenyl ethene-2,'-disulfonic acid into a NaOH solution to obtain a 4,4'-diamido diphenyl ethene-2,2'-sodium disulfonate aqueous solution; (4) reacting an emulsifying agent with cyanuric chloride and 4,4'-diamido diphenylethene-2,2'-sodium disulfonate to obtain a product III; (5) adding aniline into the product III to react so as to obtain a product IV; (6) adding the mixture of the products I and II into the product IV to react so as to obtain a composition of V, VI and VII; and (7) obtaining the liquid fluorescent whitening agent.


This paper revisits the relationship between firm performance and CEO turnover. Instead of classifying turnovers into forced and voluntary, we introduce performance-induced turnover, defined as turnover that would not have occurred had performance been "good." We document a close turnover-performance link and estimate that 38%–55% of turnovers are performance induced. This is significantly more than the number of forced turnovers, though the two types of turnovers are highly correlated. Compared to the predictions of Bayesian learning models, learning about CEO ability appears to be slow, and boards act as if CEO ability (or match quality) was subject to frequent shocks.


The METAL Machine translation system, a joint project of the Linguistic Research Center and Siemens, has been released for use as part of marketed translation systems. The system, which presently translates technical German into English, is an outgrowth of a traditional, generative approach to automatic analysis and synthesis of natural language phenomena carried on at the Linguistics Research Center for many years. In its present manifestation, it is a modular design consisting of purely monolingual lexicons, transfer lexicons, and an augmented phrase structure grammar. The grammar is powerful enough to constrain application, to build new nodes with essential characteristics of their sons and new synthetic information as well, and to perform transformations to re-order, delete, and create constituents. The parser is enhanced to allow application of rules in levels, and eliminating unlikely paths via preferential weightings calculated from lexical and grammatical data. The METAL system, conceived in recent years as destined for implementation, has an orientation to user interface which includes sophisticated text stripping, unfound word handling and reconstitution, and a convenient means of working with the lexicons interactively,


Polymeric membranes are widely used for gas separation purposes but their performance is restricted by the upper bound trade-off discovered by Robeson in 1991. The polymeric membrane can be glassy, rubbery or a blend of these two polymers. This review paper discusses the properties of glassy polymer membranes and their performance in gas separation. The area of improvement for glassy membrane with development of mixed matrix membrane is also highlighted.


(1110 Cerebral Gout. A cASE of cerebral gout is recorded by A. Lo Re (Ga-z. deqli Ospitali, January S2lst, 1892) in a man aged 66. The patient in his youth had lived very un-steadily, and, without having contracted syphilis, had acquired a urethral stricrture. He had had several attacks of polyarthritis rheumatica, and almost every year had recurrences of a very troublesome iritis. In November, 1883, one of these attacks came on, and at the end of the following month, the iritis being cured, he had an attack of violent neuralgic pain in the right eye, extending over the temple and malar prominence, and accompanied by great excitability and irritability of temper. Recourse was had to quinine and valerian, with temporary benefit. Nervous phenomena of the following character then appeared: Sudden giddiness; confusion of ideas; wish to micturate without ability to do so: dimness of sight; right pupil irregular and constricted by the antecedent iritis, the left being widely dilated. The patient was also troubled with delusions, believing he had taken atropine instead of quinine. Speech was confused, syllables being run together, and ideation was very imperfect; the pulse was very frequent, respiration being slow and deep. There were no disturbances of sensory or motor functions, and the eyes and ears were stated to be normal. The attack ended with the passage of much urine, a tendency to sleep, and gradual disappearance of the other symptoms. These attacks were repeated on several occasions, and were accompanied by gouty manifestations, especially in the great toe and other toe-joints. Lo Re thinks that the case is almost certainly one of cerebral gout.


Rice plants were given various treatments, such as organic matter application, a large amount of nitrogen as topdressing and light shading of 75%, and ammonium (NH3), silica (SiO2) and calcium (Ca) in bleeding sap were then measured from young panicle formation to ripening stage. The average NH3 concentrtation in bleeding sap of shading plants was remarkably higher (8.3ppm) than those of other treatments and shading plants had shown the lowest content of total sugar in roots during ripening. High NH3 concentration in bleeding sap from the stem was accompaied by low total sugar content in the roots. The SiO2 concentration in bleeding sap gradually decreased, essentially in parallel with root respiration, according to plant aging. The Ca concentration in bleeding sap was generally constant from young panicle fromation to the ripening stage. The SiO2 concenttration and/or amount per stem in bleeding sap was shown to be highly positively correlated with root respiration. The SiO2/Ca ratio in bleeding sap was proprtional with root respiration ; SiO2/Ca ratio in bleeding sap from the stem had active root in respiration was being higher. Therefore, it supported that the plants which had high root respiration realized to be higher SiO2 concentration in their leaves.


Abstract Evading fixed point theorems we prove the interior approximate controllability of the following semilinear strongly damped wave equation with impulses and delay in the space Z1/2 = D((−Δ)1/2)×L2(Ω),where r > 0 is the delay, Γ = (0, τ)×Ω, ∂Γ = (0, τ) × ∂Ω, Γr = [−r, 0] × Ω, (ϕ,ψ) ∈ C([−r, 0]; Z1/2), k = 1, 2, . . . , p, Ω is a bounded domain in ℝℕ(ℕ ≥ 1), ω is an open nonempty subset of , 1 ω denotes the characteristic function of the set ω, the distributed control u ∈ L2(0, τ; U), with U = L2(Ω),η,γ, are positive numbers and f , Ik ∈ C([0, τ] × ℝ × ℝ; ℝ), k = 1, 2, 3, . . . , p. Under some conditions we prove the following statement: For all open nonempty subsets Ω of the system is approximately controllable on [0,τ]. Moreover, we exhibit a sequence of controls steering the nonlinear system from an initial state (ϕ (0), ψ(0)) to an ε-neighborhood of the final state z1 at time τ > 0.


Disclosed are methods, devices, and systems for transfer or sharing of existing M2M service layer sessions. In one embodiment, the session transfer and sharing function (SMSF) transfers or shares an M2M service layer session. Various forms of service layer session context may be used to enable transfer or sharing of M2M service layer sessions. According to one embodiment, the session context is stored in one or more resources that are created and maintained by the service layer instance of the node.


For emergency communications in an internet of thing (IoT) network, a large number of gateways are distributed to gather the data traffic. Considering the practical difficulty of deploying multiple territorial base stations (TBSs) in a wide range, unmanned aerial vehicle base station (UAV-BS) can fly to a specific point and hover above there to collect data traffic from gateways. In this paper, we aim to maximize the UAV-BS energy efficiency under the constraints of total serving delay, UAV-BS flying speed, and the maximum available transmitting power of gateways, etc. Firstly, we propose a distributed gateway cluster (GC) algorithm to group gateways into multiple GCs based on the distances among gateways. Next, the UAV-BS flies and hovers above each GC, where the gateways in the GC simultaneously transmit data to the UAV-BS by non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA). By analyzing the NOMA feature, we propose theorems optimizing the UAV-BS hovering height to minimize the transmitting power of the gateway with the maximum transmitting power among the gateways in a GC. Based on the proposed theorems, we formulate the joint optimization problem to maximize the UAV-BS energy efficiency with only the variables of UAV-BS flying speed and the serving time for each GC. The optimization problem is effectively solved by the geometric programming (GP) method. Finally, we verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms by extensive simulation results.