Dickensian marginals are famously numerous, and many of them have lived in collective memory for generations. Created within the pale of Victorian decency, Dickens's deviants nonetheless have great imaginary force; such power is precisely what accounts for their eclectic and long-lasting afterlife as characters. There are many successors to Dickens's marginals because these characters will resist onesided interpretations and definite rationalisation—marginality, with them, is never to be pinned down as a stable motif. The aesthetics of their deviance is already reconfigured within Dickens's novels themselves; and, ever since, it has been repeatedly adopted and adapted. Using three of Dickens's most memorable marginals—
Sikes, Fagin, and Miss Havisham—, this article will examine how Dickensian deviance persists but also evolves, moving from one medium to another, and from one century to another.


Applicability of the method recently proposed by the present authors to determine the high temperature deformation mechanism in crystalline materials is examined with a solution-hardened Al-Mg alloy. The method is based on the theoretical concept that the mechanical response of materials to an abrupt change in deformation rate depends upon the deformation controlling mechanism, The deformation mechanism of the Al-Mg alloy used is known to be dislocation glide. It is presented that the observed mechanical response of the alloy agrees well with the theoretical prediction for glide control, demonstrating that the method is well applicable.


Introduction 1. Kantian Analysis: From Duty to Autonomy 2. Is Good Will Over-Rated? 3. Hypothetical Consent in Kantian Constructivism 4. Beneficence and Self-Love 5. Reasonable Self-Interest 6. Happiness and Human Flourishing 7. Meeting Needs and Doing Favors 8. Personal Values and Setting Ends 9. Four Conceptions of Conscience 10. Wrongdoing, Desert, and Punishment 11. Punishment, Conscience, and Moral Worth 12. Moral Dilemmas, Gaps, and Residues Bibliography, Index


La0.5Sr0.5CoO3(LSCO) conductive metal oxide films were prepared on Si(100) substrates under different growth temperatures by using pulsed laser deposition(PLD).X-ray diffraction(XRD) analysis shows that the crystallinity of the LSCO films increases with the increase of substrate temperature,and the films deposited at 650℃ and 700℃ are polycrystalline with a single perovskite phase.The optical properties of the LSCO films were measured by spectroscopic ellipsometry in the wavelength range of 400~1100nm.Double Lorentz oscillator dispersion relation and a three layer model(Air/LSCO/Si) were used to fit the optical constants of the films.The results show that the refractive index of the LSCO films decreases as the substrate temperature increases.Extinction coefficient of the LSCO films increases as the substrate temperature increases in the visible and near-infrared wavelength range.It is found that the crystallinity of the films and conductivity are mainly responsible for these phenomena.


Ideal subarrangements of a Weyl arrangement are proved to be free by the multiple addition theorem (MAT) due to Abe-Barakat-Cuntz-Hoge-Terao (2016). They form a significant class among Weyl subarrangements that are known to be free so far. The concept of MAT-free arrangements was introduced recently by Cuntz-M¨ucksch (2020) to capture a core of the MAT, which enlarges the ideal subarrangements from the perspective of freeness. The aim of this paper is to give a precise characterization of the MAT-freeness in the case of type A Weyl subarrangements (or graphic arrangements). It is known that the ideal and free graphic arrangements correspond to the unit interval and chordal graphs respectively. We prove that a graphic arrangement is MAT-free if and only if the underlying graph is strongly chordal. In particular, it affirmatively answers a question of Cuntz-M¨ucksch that MAT-freeness is closed under taking localization in the case of graphic arrangements.


Anaximander ... said that the principle--that is to say the essence--of beings is the infinite .. and that it is neither water nor any other of the so-called "elements," but a certain other infinite nature, from which are born all the heavens and the worlds within them; it is "that from which there is, for beings, generation; in it destruction also takes place, according to what must be; for beings render justice and reparation to one another, from their mutual injustice, according to the summons of Time," as he says in somewhat poetical terms.


The NSLS-II injection straight section (SR) consists of pulsed and DC bumps, septa system, beam trajectory correction and diagnostics systems. In this paper we discuss overall injection straight layout, preliminary element designs, specifications for the pulsed and DC magnets and their power supplies, vacuum devices and chambers and diagnostics devices. Prior to selecting the current 'conventional' design of the injection straight section we analyzed an option of injection via pulsed multipole pioneered at PF-AR. We found that this promising approach was not suited to the NSLS-II storage ring optics, since it would require a impractically compact arrangement of the injection straight section components and a complex modification of the transport line optics due to the strong focusing of the injected beam passing off the pulsed multipole axis. In addition, the requirement for a small injection transient of the stored beam orbit severely constrains the vertical alignment tolerance of the pulsed multipole. The design of the NSLS-II injection straight section is now completed with exception of transition chamber details, which will be adjusted to accommodate the actual layouts of the pulsed magnets.


In the present study, we have performed an analysis of synoptic situations in thunderstorm days, during which the thunderstorm phenomenon was noted at at least 80% of meteorological stations located in Poland or at which the probability of an occurrence of days with this phenomenon was the highest and whose frequency explains the occurrence of days with thunderstorms on the highest level. The analysis of synoptic maps from the period 1951-2000 made the isolation of two different synoptic situations characteristic for days with thunderstorms occurring over the entire area of Poland possible. As well two synoptic situation with the highest probability of thunderstorms occurrence and which frequency explains the best the occurrence of days with thunderstorms have been distinguished


Tracking of the internal anatomy by means of a motion model that uses the MR‐derived motion fields and noise covariance matrix (NCM) dynamic as a surrogate signal.


c Abstract This study investigated whether the standardized uptake value (SUV) of the tumor correlated with the Noguchi classification and tumor invasiveness in patients with clinical stage IA adenocarcinoma F2 cm in size. Fifty-four patients that underwent a curative surgical resection for clinical stage IA adenocarcinoma F2 cm from April 2005 to December 2008 had integrated positron emission tomography (PET) - computed tomography (CT) with F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) as part of the preoperative workup. The relationships between the 18 maximum SUV (SUV ) and Noguchi classification, pathological results of intratumoral lymphatic or vascular invasion of tumor cells, and max pleural invasion were examined. In comparison to tumors with an SUV )1.0, tumors with an SUV F1.0 were more frequently classified max max as Noguchi type A or B (P-0.0001). Tumors with an SUV )1.0 had more intratumoral lymphatic or vascular invasion of tumor cells and max pleural invasion (Ps0.0005 and Ps0.0002). These results suggest that an SUV is an important predictor for the Noguchi classification max


Cefuroxime, a second-generation cephalosporin antibiotic, was synthesized from 7-amino cephalosporinic acid (7-ACA) and ( Z )-2-methoxyimino-2-(furyl-2-yl) acetic acid ammonium salt (SMIA) as starting materials. The total yield of cefuroxime synthesized via the 4-step scheme was 42%. The novel feature of this study was the use of oxalyl chloride activating reagent which replaced phosphoryl chloride in the activation of SMIA. The result showed that the yield was 90% in the reaction time of 1.5 hours. Especially, this synthesis can be considered as a green process because the waste water only contained NH 4 Cl, CO and CO 2 non-toxic compounds.


ADHD children may have social skill deficits in at least three main areas: social communication, poor emotional regulation, and social-cognitive biases. They also have cognitive difficulties which have implications for their learning. Based on a review of the literature, it is argued that maladaptive classroom peer interactions for ADHD children may disadvantage their learning on collaborative tasks. Although the literature is sparse in the area of peer interactions and collaborative learning for ADHD children, some suggestions for practice and future research are suggested. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


clinically valuable for prediction of TB treatment outcome on an individual basis, which will be necessary to detect improvement over the current treatment protocol with its recurrence rate of around 5%. We believe the inclusion of host factors could increase sensitivity over microbio-logical testing alone, particularly as the majority of patients with TB are sputum culture negative after 3 months but may still experience TB recurrence. The host immune system is intricately linked with TB disease pathogenesis, and changes in the immune response can be observed during treatment [2–4]. Immunosuppression that is present at diagnosis in patients with TB is reduced by therapy, with a concom-itant reduction in the proportion of regulatory T cells [5]. We have already identified host biomarkers that associate with treatment response [6], and our transcrip-tomics study was performed to identify new candidate biomarkers. The issue concerning the time point of testing in the recurrent group is one that we have been considering for a long time. The majority of HIV-negative people who are infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis never succumb to disease, and the majority of treatment-adherent patients with active TB do not have TB recurrence. We therefore believe that this recurrent group represents people who are highly susceptible to TB disease and therefore were a good target group to identify our biomarkers. People who have TB relapse after conventional treatment after infection with drug-sensitive organisms are likely to be such highly susceptible individuals. We believe the strength of our study is the demonstration that groups of patients with TB can be classified using host gene expression in blood. To test the predictive value of biomark-ers in a prospective study, large numbers of patients must be recruited because of the expected 5% TB recurrence rate. This is logistically challenging, but we have now collected samples from such patients and will test the correlation of expression of our biomarkers with treatment outcome. Optimal time points during treatment can also be identified. Such samples may also be used for the identification of further biomarkers using microarray technology, now that we have established proof-of-principle. We hope that the publication of the data from our cross-sectional pilot study will allow other investigators to test them in different geographical locations and situations. An issue that Davies et al. do not address is the one of matching. This shows the complexity of the topic. Does one match for clinical characteristics known to …


SUMMARY Blueberries Vaccinium corymbosum cv. Patriot were harvested twice at the full ripe stage and held for 14 d at 0, 5, 10, 15, or 20°C. The objectives of this work were to (1) obtain quality curves for blueberries stored at different temperatures; (2) identify, for each temperature, which quality factor(s) limits blueberry marketability; and (3) compare the quality curves and shelf-life of blueberries based on quality evaluations with those predicted by respiration rates reported in the literature. Blueberry weight loss, instrumental color (L*a*b*), visual color, firmness, shriveling, decay, taste, and aroma were evaluated every 2 d for a 14-day storage period. Development of an unpleasant taste and aroma were the primary limiting factors for blueberries stored at 0 and 5°C. Darkening of the color and development of unpleasant aroma were the primary limiting factors for berries stored at 10 or 15°C, and darkening of the color was the primary limiting factor for those fruit stored at 20°C. Overall, fruit stored at 0 or 5°C had shorter shelf life compared with predicted values based on the Q10 for respiration, while those stored at higher temperatures had longer shelf life. Prediction of blueberry shelf life calculated from data reported in the literature is not precise unless the characteristics of the fruit and environmental factors involved are well known. The quality curves obtained from quality evaluations for each temperature showed that a single quality attribute cannot be used to express loss of quality of blueberries over the normal physiological range of temperatures.


In this article we draw on goal–setting theory to analyze how and why entrepreneurs perceive the usefulness of policy programs aimed at facilitating the development of academic ventures. Using a conjoint study and data on 3,136 assessments nested within 98 academic entrepreneurs, we find that access to finance offered by a policy program is central and enhances the entrepreneurs' perceived benefits of other policy measures such as providing access to nonfinancial resources (networks, business knowledge) and reducing administrative burdens, but diminishes the perceived benefits of offering tax incentives for new ventures. Our results extend the literature on academic entrepreneurship and entrepreneurs' assessments of government policy measures. For policy makers, our study suggests that the simultaneous launch of policy measures may be perceived by academic entrepreneurs as particularly beneficial for fostering the development of their young ventures.


The various stages for the manufacture of manganese-zinc ferrite have been studied using the most powerful available techniques of physicochemical analysis. The selection of the starting oxides has been achieved by studying their reactivity; the formation mechanism of the ferrite was first determined by X-ray diffractometry and Mossbauer spectrometry. For iron oxide the index of reactivity is correlated with the temperature of the spinel phase appearance, while for manganese oxide the rate of dissolution in zinc ferrite may be used. The electrical properties of the finished material depend very closely on the level of homogeneity reached during the various manufacturing steps of the process and, in particular, during the mixing of the starting oxides. In order to measure the homogeneity of the mixed oxides, the local concentration of the various elements are determined using an electron-probe microanalyser. The efficiency of mixing is then measured by the ratio of the calculated theoretical standard deviation to the experimental standard deviation of composition. Various methods of mixing have been compared, and an optimum mixing duration can be defined leading to improved magnetic properties of the finished product. X-ray spectrometry, electron-probe microanalysis, and Mossbauer spectrometry have been proved very fruitful for the understanding of the sintering phenomena. The magnetic structure of the sublattices as well as the inversion degree of the ferrite were determined by neutron diffraction experiments which gave quantitative results on the stoichiometry. By using modern methods for optimum seeking, the various parameters defining the sintering schedule can be adjusted to maximize the μQ quality factor of low losses ferrites.


The utility model relates to the technical field of spinning, in particular to a double fabric with an anti-radiation function. The double fabric with the anti-radiation function comprises a silk fiber layer and a silk blend fiber layer, and is characterized in that the silk blend fiber layer is arranged on the outer layer of the silk fiber layer in an interweaving mode. Compared with the prior art, the double fiber combines the silk fiber layer and the silk blend fiber layer, nano silver fibers are arranged in the silk blend fiber layer, the double fiber has the good anti-radiation function, the anti-radiation effect is added on the basis that silk fibers have good air permeability, and quality of fiber fabrics is greatly improved.


ABSTRACT Results of turbulence model comparisons from two studies on supersonic transport configurations performed during the NASA High-speed Research program are given. Results are presented for both transonic conditions at Mach 0.90 and supersonic conditions at Mach 2.48. A feature of these two studies was the availability of higher Reynolds number wind tunnel data with which to compare the computational results. The transonic wind tunnel data was obtained in the National Transonic Facility at NASA Langley, and the supersonic data was obtained in the Boeing Polysonic Wind Tunnel. The computational data was acquired using a state of the art Navier-Stokes flow solver with a wide range of turbulence models implemented. The results show that the computed forces compare reasonably well with the experimental data, with the Baldwin- Lomax with Degani-Schiff modifications and the Baldwin-Barth models showing the best agreement for the transonic conditions and the Spalart-Allmaras model showing the best agreement for the supersonic conditions. The transonic results were more sensitive to the choice of turbulence model than were the supersonic results.


The present study elucidated the differences in early-weaned crossbred piglets (CBP) and Korean native black piglets (KNP) with respect to growth performance, nutrient utilization and related parameters when fed on similar diets using 16 each of CBP (Landrace x Yorkshire x Duroc) and KNP after weaning at 21 days of age. Eight piglets in each breed were slaughtered at weaning. Remaining piglets were reared for 21 days and then slaughtered. A common diet with 3500 kcal/kg ME and 22% CP was available for ad libitum consumption for piglets of each breed post-weaning. Blood was collected from these piglets before slaughter to study differences in plasma indices in both breeds. The initial BW was 5.09±0.84 and 3.57±0.34 kg for CBP and KNP, respectively. BW was higher (P<0.001) at the start and at the end of the trial in CBP than KNP. The weekly measurements revealed higher (P<0.05) ADG at 1st, 3rd week and for overall period in CBP than KNP, and with a trend (P=0.086) for higher ADG at the 2nd week. The average daily feed intake was also higher (P<0.05) in CBP than KNP at all measurements. The gain to feed ratio tended (P=0.056) to be lower in CBP in 1st week, but was not different at 2nd week, and it was improved for 3rd week and for the overall period in CBP than KNP. The apparent total tract digestibility, assessed at the end of the trial demonstrated higher (P<0.05) digestibility of DM, GE, CP and P in CBP than KNP. The carcass percentage was higher (P<0.05) at weaning in CBP than KNP, but was not different at 21 days after weaning. The plasma amylase tended to be higher (P=0.075) in CBP at weaning and total cholesterol was higher (P=0.035) in KNP at 21 days. No other plasma constituents were different among the breeds. Overall, this study demonstrated the differences in growth, nutrient digestibility, carcass weight and certain plasma constituents between CBP and KNP around weaning.


Using a phenomenological research design and a sample of six international students, who remained within the United States post-completion of their highest earned degree, the authors examined the underlying considerations participants made during their decision-making process. The interview questions posed to participants included the following: (i) what experiences have led you to remain within the United States after your highest level of education, (ii) tell me about the process you undertook towards arriving at that decision, and (iii) tell me about people at your institution who were instrumental in helping you make that decision.  The results revealed that all six participants relied on the following considerations: economical, political, and social, which contributed to their decision. For all the participants, lack of job opportunities and receiving low salaries or wages back home played a key role in their decision to remain within the United States.


Roland Barthes declared the death of the author in the late 1960s, but the Asian American author seems to have staved off this deconstructionist death. That is, until now. The past decade has seen a new formalist turn, a post-identity push back against the author as a source of signification for Asian American literary texts. Elda E. Tsou's Unquiet Tropes: Form, Race, and Asian American Literature does more than turn this push into shove; it seeks no less than the death of the Asian American author. From its inception in the late 1960s, Asian American literary scholarship has been tightly bound with identity formation. Asian American literature was supposed to be about Asian America, and the Asian American author was seen as the guarantor of the text's meaning and sensibility. Foundational literary criticism in the field was often tied to the activism of the Asian American movement, with literary scholars such as Frank Chin, Lawson Inada, Jeffrey Paul Chan, and Shawn Wong focusing primarily on content and sociopolitical meaning. This orientation, however, has encouraged a referential reading of Asian American literary texts and the delimitation of the horizon of what Asian American literature is and can be about. Unquiet Tropes attempts to delink Asian American literature from its moorings in identity formation. Tsou argues for conceptualizing Asian American literary texts "as a set of rhetorical tropes" (5) whose signification depends less on authorial identity and intention and more on particular textual moves that partake of the ancient tradition of rhetoric. Her approach is to focus on the "figurative activity" of texts in which classical rhetorical patterns—such as antanaclasis, rhetorical questions, apophasis, catachresis, and allegory—are reshaped, made restive (that is, "unquiet") by their figuration of "highly specific historical problematics" (5). To illustrate this approach, Unquiet Tropes takes on canonical Asian American texts such as No-No Boy (1957), China Men (1980), Blu's Hanging (1997), and Native Speaker (1995). Pronounced by critics as having no literary merit and valuable only for its content, No-No Boy, Tsou shows, can be more meaningfully read as a text bearing the pattern of the rhetorical question as a means of representing the historical situation of coercion during


It was a trend in the world that learning mathematics just as real life, activity and personality which from the different attitude toward solving various mathematics education problem, that often swing like oclock when people dealed with them. As far the reform of curriculum, study and teaching of mathematics, we had a lot in common and a much better basement on reform. We should draw from international reform on mathematics education, insist on the two bases and high level in mathematics study. And we should also make all kind of relationship in good manner. All these must be in the base of original mathematics education, proof and laboratory of science.


To increase performance and energetic efficiency, robot design recently evolved from classical, rigid to intrinsically compliant actuation. The introduction of elastic elements enables the absorption of external impact forces, and it offers the capability of buffering and directedly releasing kinetic energy. Therefore, the instantaneously retrievable power at the link side of the joint is not limited by the restricted input power of the motor. These properties can be exploited in the execution of highly dynamical, cyclic, and periodic motion tasks such as hammering, pick-and-place with robotic manipulators, walking, jumping, or running with versatile, articulated legs. Although compliant actuators are promising regarding performance and efficiency, they turn the plant into a multi-dimensional, nonlinear, oscillatory system, of which the analysis and control is a challenging task.

This thesis contributes to the theory of energy-efficient limit cycle generation, dimensionality reduction of nonlinear systems, natural dynamics-based, modal controllers, and the application to legged system design and control. A new, robust control principle is proposed, which solves the problem of resonance-like excitation in the single-degree-of-freedom, nonlinear oscillator case. Thereby, existence, uniqueness, and attractiveness of resulting periodic orbits are proven based on novel statements, which contribute to hybrid dynamical system and contraction theory. To generalize these findings to multiple dimensions, classical results of theoretical mechanics suggest to reduce the dimensionality of the oscillatory dynamics to one. This proposition is further supported by empirical evidence of biologists that fundamental principles of legged locomotion are based upon oscillatory movements, which evolve on lower-dimensional submanifolds than the configuration space of articulated legs. The well-established method of modal analysis solves the problem of dimensionality reduction for the linear case. However, the multibody dynamics of articulated robots is strongly nonlinear, and therefore, linear modal analysis is not applicable straightforwardly. A novel theory of oscillation modes of nonlinear dynamics is proposed here, which solves the problem at hand for the general case. The main theorem on oscillation modes provides algebraically verifiable conditions, for which a one-dimensional submanifold of some configuration space represents an invariant set of the considered dynamical system. By means of this finding a method is introduced which allows to embody low-order, desired task dynamics as oscillation modes in the mechanical design of the robotic system. To exploit the natural oscillatory behavior, as given by oscillation modes, appropriate control methods are crucial. For this purpose, four different modal control methods are introduced, which address the demands of feasibility, versatility, robustness, and efficiency with varying priority. The control methods are validated in simulations and experiments. A proof of concept is performed by applying the theoretical results to the design and control of legged robots. Thereby, the performance and efficiency of the approach is experimentally validated in various dynamic locomotion gaits with compliantly actuated quadrupedal and bipedal robots. This is a fine step towards the vision to create a versatile and efficient system, which can efficiently move in rather simple terrain but has simultaneously the capability to climb, jump, and crawl in rough and challenging terrain, being therefore able to reach areas, where no other system could go before.


The performance of electrooxidation (EO) treatment using activated carbon cloth (ACC) electrodes on textile dye bath wastewater was investigated. ACC electrode pairs were used as anode/cathode for EO experiments. The effect of current density (50–150 A/m2), operating time (0–90 minutes), and solution pH (6-11) were tested for removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD), color, and chloride, as well as the changes in conductivity. 95.5% COD and color removal efficiencies were obtained at current density (CD) of 100 A/m2 at solution pH of 10 for 90 minutes. Moreover, the chloride concentration decreased from 4254 to 35.5 mg/L and solution conductivity decreased from 160 to 131 mS/cm at the same conditions. Operating cost of the EO process was calculated to be 3.13 US$/m3 for 36 kWh/m3 energy consumption. The results indicated that the EO process with ACC electrodes achieved high pollutant removal from textile dye bath wastewater.


Introduction: Breast cancer is the most prevalent cause of cancer mortality among women. Early diagnosis of breast cancer gives patients greater survival time. The present study aims to provide an algorithm for more accurate prediction and more effective decision-making in the treatment of patients with breast cancer.
Methods: The present study was applied, descriptive-analytical, based on the use of computerized methods. We obtained 699 independent records containing nine clinical variables from the UCI machine learning. The EM algorithm was used to analyze the data before normalizing them. Following that, a combination of neural network model based on multilayer perceptron structure with the Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) was used to predict the breast tumor malignancy.
Results: After preprocessing the disease data set and reducing data dimensions, the accuracy of the proposed algorithm for training and testing data was 99.6% and 99%, respectively. The prediction accuracy of the proposed model was 99.4%, which would be a satisfying result compared to different methods of machine learning in other studies.
Conclusion: Considering the importance of early diagnosis of breast cancer, the results of this study may have highly useful implications for health care providers and planners so as to achieve the early diagnosis of the disease.


Clinical experiences with Etalontin in 92 patients (631 treatment cycles) are described. Indications included contraception (58 patients) dysmenorrhea sterility regularization of menstrual cycle and endometriosis. No pregnancies were observed in the contraceptive patients. Improvement was noted during treatment in dysmenorrheic patients and in patients with irregular cycles. Side effects included spotting pseudoamenorrhea mild gastrointestinal disturbances premenstrual syndrome headache leg pain weight gain and abdominal cramps.


Amino-ynones can be seen as precursors of various heterocyclic rings. Although γ-amino-ynones have been used to prepare exocyclic vinylogous amides in the presence of Bronsted acids, we describe here the use of zinc chloride as a weak Lewis acid for their conversion into acetylenic cyclic imines. This reaction, which was attempted for a diverse range of γ-amino-ynones, proved to be robust and efficient in most cases and was easily extended to δ-amino-ynones to yield various acetylenic cyclic imines. Depending on the workup procedure, the latter compounds could be isolated either as free organic compounds or as zinc complexes. The ability of these cyclic imines to form complexes with palladium is also reported.


An experimental investigation of the absorption of ultrasonic waves in crystalline benzene was conducted at frequencies of 10 and 30 megacycles per second using a conventional ultrasonic pulse technique. The temperature was varied from -10 C to -105 C. The absorption coefficient observed at the higher temperature is in agreement with results obtained by Liebermann (4) at 0°C at about the same frequency. The wave velocity observed is somewhat smaller (by about 20%) than that reported by Liebermann. The wave velocity was observed to decrease linearly with a lowering of temperature . The absorption coefficient was observed to decrease rapidly as the temperature was lowered. Although the precision of the absorption measurements at 30 megacycles was limited, the results indicate that the absorption increases with frequency raised to about the 1.6 power, a somewhat less rapid rate than frequency squared, which is the dependence reported by Liebermann for the range of 6 to 10 megacycles per second. The range of temperatures used in this investigation was limited by fracture of the sample. This problem thus limits the drawing of complete conclusions as to the mechanisms responsible for the absorp tion in crystalline benzene.


This is the second in a series of articles dedicated to teachint typical UNIX system administrator types -people who can compile public domain software and have some idea about TCP/IP- how to do UNIX-style hackery with SNMP. It is not an elegant and sistematic approach to SNMP, but it should give you enough background to be dangerous.


We report the novel cooperative properties of a complex obtained by self-assembling in solution a tetracationic cobalt porphyrin, CoIIP4+, and a tetraanionic sulfoaluminum phthalocyanine, AlIIIPc4-. In the ground state, the complex displays a charge transfer character, CoII-δ P4+/(AlIIIPc4-)+δ, and the oxidation of the phthalocyanine moiety is catalyzed in the presence of its partner. In aerated media, the neutral complex strongly binds molecular oxygen to form a stable zwitterionic species, -O2CoIIP4+/(AlIIIPc4-)+˚. The zwitterion can revert to the neutral form CoII-δP4+/(AlIIIPc4-)+δ upon vigourous bubbling of the solution with an inert gas (N2, Ar) or under light stimuli. In the excited state, the complex photoejects the oxygen and relaxes to the ground state via a triplet excited state. The latter species can transfer its excess energy to nearby oxygen molecules. The mechanism of photoproduction of 1O2 was studied via steady-state and time-resolved absorption and fluorescence techniques over a wide ti...


This study aims to examine English language learning and teaching anxiety among secondary school pre-service English teachers. It also investigates the relationship between the pre-service teachers'' anxiety and their personal variables such as English teaching experience, the period of experiencing in English-speaking countries and self-evaluated English proficiency. A total of 157 secondary school pre-service teachers who were Korean majoring in English education at a university in South Korea participated in this study. The FLCAS (Foreign language classroom anxiety scale), FLTAS (Foreign language teaching anxiety scale) and an open-end questionnaire were employed to collect the data. The results of the analysis revealed that the correlation between learning of English language and teaching anxiety were computed as r = .70, indicating a high level of relationship. The pre-service teachers'' English language learning and teaching anxiety were found to have negative correlation with their English teaching experience, experience in English-speaking country and self-evaluated English proficiency. Based on the findings, it is proposed that in order to alleviate the anxiety, English teaching strategies and communication strategies should be trained for the Korean pre-service secondary school English teachers.


A high-temperature superconductor (HTS) journal bearing was designed for a flywheel energy storage system. A rotor was supported at top and bottom by two HTS bearings. The rotor weight is 4 kg and the length and diameter of shaft were about 300 mm and 40 mm, respectively. Both the top and bottom bearings have two permanent magnet (PM) rings with an iron pole piece separating them. Static properties of the bearing were calculated by frozen image method and verified by experiments. The vertical stiffness of the bearing was 38.9 N/mm. The rotational drag and vibration were measured up to 8000 rpm. The loss coefficient was linear up to 8000 rpm and the final value was 7.5/spl times/E-6. The average of vibration was about 10 micrometer (zero/spl I.bar/peak) except the resonance speed range. Rotation tests were conducted over the same speed range at several chamber pressures. Chamber pressure of 0.4 mtorr is sufficiently low to minimize windage loss.


The fold mechanism is the main factor which limits the speed of web print.For increasing the fold mechanism's kinesio-accuracy,a trace sensitivities model of design parameters is established on the web print fold mechanism kinematics analysis.The results of model,calculated by Matlab,are coincided to the practical situation.Trace sensitivities analysis can supply the design foundations of modifying fold mechanism and theoretically explain the dragging-papers phenomena of fold mechanism.


A theoretical scheme to produce optical discrete solitons via electromagnetically induced transparency and optical induction. The power density can be tuned to a ultraweak level and the soliton can propagate with ultraslow group velocity.


A fast approach to detecting and estimating multiple object motion in video sequences is presented. The method is based on transforming each image in the sequence of frames into vector projections formed by accumulating a pixel shift value along the rows and columns of the image. The projections corresponding to consecutive frames are in turn used to detect and estimate the individual horizontal and vertical components of the possible shifts. For that reason, block matching and maximum absolute difference (MAD) algorithms are used in detecting and tracking the moving objects in sequences. Sharp transitions or short edges in each image frame are also considered as an efficient method in the algorithm for decreasing the computational cost. Experimental results show that the usefulness of the method is presented not only in the context of motion analysis and ability to track objects, but also for a decrease in the processing time required for detection and tracking.


The use of the bicone model is validated for extracting the form factor of gold bipyramids in solution from small-angle X-ray scattering data.


In order to meet the request of industrial devices' state watching, this paper researches a system which base on data-base technique. This paper introduces the module of data-base, establish and achieve of data-base, and security of system.


Purpose: The purpose of this study is to describe the sonographic, MRI, and histopathologic findings in a rat model of chronic renal allograft rejection. Materials and methods: Allogeneic renal grafts (male DA kidney into male Lewis rat with unilateral nephrectomy, N = 27) and syngeneic renal grafts (male Lewis kidney into male Lewis rat, N = 19) were examined serially with ultrasound, MRI, and histology. Results: Nonparametric Spearman rank correlation showed significance between the histologic score and the following parameters: the MRI score (rs = 0.91, P < 0.01, N = 46), the ultrasound score (rs = 0.9, P < 0.01, N = 46), the power Doppler score (rs = 0.86, P < 0.01, N = 46), and the MRI perfusion (rs = –0.80, P < 0.01, N = 45). Positive correlations were also found between the MRI volume estimations (graft rs = 0.49, P < 0.01, N = 46; native rs = 0.59, P < 0.01, N = 46), and the ultrasound volume estimations (graft rs = 0.39, P < 0.01, N = 45; native rs = 0.64, P < 0.01, N = 46) as well as with actual graft weight. Conclusions: This study shows that both MRI and ultrasound can provide complementary, accurate information compared to histology in regard to the alterations in anatomy and hemodynamic changes associated with chronic allograft nephropathy. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2001;13:232–241. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


Background. Acquiring resilience and psychological strength is central to adolescents' development and evolution from dependent child to autonomous adult, but is rarely addressed by physicians. Nevertheless, resilience, that is, positive adaptation to stress, predicts adult health and wellness. Objectives. We examined how to assess resilience in youth in a person-centered manner of merit to participants themselves. Our aim was to identify characteristics of resilience such as self-control and optimism, and foster these strengths at the same time. Method. Fifty-nine13-16 year-old adolescents from a small Canadian city, a remote town and one northern Ontario First Nations Reserve answered the 28-item Resilience Scale for Adolescents (READ) privately. Then they were asked semi-structured questions about their responses, family and social stresses, and strengths. Medical histories provided information about childhood adversities like poverty, abuse and family disruption. Results. We found READ scores to be statistically valid, comparable across gender, but lower among on-reserve indigenous youth. Results aligned loosely with subsequent interview information. However, the real merit of the resilience scale was as a door-opener to deeper, person-centered discussions. Only via interviews did we learn that youth had often adapted positively to the adversities identified in standard social/medical histories and named these as sources of strength and resilience rather than stress. Participants welcomed engaging as individuals rather than offspring of parents, and talked at length and with insight and enthusiasm. Conclusions. The positive response to and contextual understanding gained during interviews suggests that use of the READ followed by a qualitative discussion is a valuable and feasible clinical component of adolescent-centered medical care.


The commission analyzes Philadelphia's tax system and says it has contributed to the city's long-term loss of population and jobs; the commission suggests increasing competitiveness, equity, stability, neutrality, and simplicity. Philadelphia's tax rates are substantially higher than those of other major cities and nearby suburban municipalities, the report says. The city has unusually high reliance on business and personal income taxes and an unusually low reliance on property and sales tax revenue.


This paper argues that given certain self-definitions and key defining features of economic sociology, The General Theory of Employment, Interest, and Money can be read and interpreted as a text in economic sociology. Around this core argument, a case is built for a more open interaction and mutual appreciation between economic sociology and heterodox approaches to economics. The paper suggests how broader interpretations of classics of social science (such as the General Theory) may help us better appreciate the shared intellectual lineages and legacies of economics and sociology. It concludes with reflections on the historical development of the relationship between economics and sociology, and some speculation about their future.


Method for manufacturing a drill guide for dental implant, comprising the following steps: a) imaging a structure jawbone and tissue with reference to a surface of a gingiva (44) to produce a model dimensional computer graphic (29); b) selecting at least one position for hole drilling implant for at least one dental implant (72) using said model (29), and said specified position in three dimensions, including a termination point and orientation of the hole and it is referenced to said reference surface of the gum. c) introducing at least one set of position coordinates of implant drill hole in a device manufacturing precision (52) controlled by a computer; d) providing a body (61) of the drilling template having a first surface adapted to rest on the surface (44) of the gum of the jaw in a predetermined position with respect thereto; e) using said device manufacturing precision (52) to provide a housing (68) drill guide fixed orientation in said body (61) of the template for each of said position or positions drill hole introduced in stage c) with a corresponding position and orientation.


Purpose – Libraries are inevitably becoming both physical and virtual spaces due to the convergence of the traditional and the online environments today. Though the virtual library has been gaining much attention, the "library as a place" is still an important aspect of practical library management. The purpose of this paper is to describe the design, planning and implementation of the new Art, Media and Design Library at Nanyang Technological University to meet the needs and aspirations of a new generation of media savvy users.Design/methodology/approach – A simple questionnaire was used to solicit feedback from staff and students on their impression of the new library during the initial opening period. This was followed up with face‐to‐face interviews with teaching staff.Findings – This study has enabled some conclusions to be drawn on the interplay between library users and the physical environment, particularly on aesthetics, seating and availability of facilities. An important affirmation from the ex...


The pumping unit is the main pumping equipment in the oil field. However, there widely exist such defects as low pumping efficiency, high energy consumption, much time and great efforts consumption in stroke adjustment etc. in the current pumping unit, resulting in serious waste of energy. Some energy-saving technologies in pumping units have been developed, but the effects are not quite good. Aiming at this situation, this paper introduces a new type of motor control theory - Direct Torque Control. By controlling the stator voltage, the technology achieves the direct control of the motor torque. Meanwhile, with the combination of the motor running condition of pumping units, study of energy-saving control based on DTC technology is carried out. It turns out that the energy-saving effect is significant according to the application and test results of the energy-saving control device in the oil field. Therefore, the control device can bring certain economic benefits and have the value of popularization and application.


Considerable international debate has taken place on the relationship between economic development and its environmental implications (Sandbach, 1980). Historically, developed countries that have single- mindedly pursued economic growth at any price have often discovered that such growth, if it materialized at all, was generally accompanied by direct and adverse effects upon the environment This led to a polarized view of 'growth' and 'conservation', a view often aggravated by the different time perspectives adopted by 'growth-promoters' and 'conservationists'. Resource economics has tended to stress the maximization of short-term benefits of resource use, whereas long-term, less-quantifiable social and ecological dimensions of resource utilization have received little consideration in this discipline. In contrast, environmental sciences are often concerned with the long-term effects of factors that may show no immediate effect (Dasmann etal., 1974). Resolution of this conflict has subsequently been proposed in the World Conservation Strategy, where conservation is defined as 'the management of human use of the biosphere so that it may yield the greatest sustainable benefit to present generations, while maintaining its potential to meet the needs and aspirations of future generations' (International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources, 1980).
In less developed countries the situation is complicated by the fact that underdevelopment is also a major cause of environmental degradation (Tolba, 1977). Social and economic development may contribute to the alleviation of poverty, which in turn may result in decreased envifon- mental impact. In other cases, however, economic growth has not necessarily eliminated poverty, and relative wealth differentials have instead simply been exacerbated. Recognition of this phenomenon led to the basic needs approach to the development process (International Labour Office, 1976).


In this work the effects of two different cyclic heat treatments (traditional route and new-designed route, named as Route 1 and Route 2, respectively) on microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti-V microalloyed steel were investigated. The results showed that the mean grain size initially decreased on execution of 1-cycle (~13.9 μm) and then remained almost constant during the subsequent cycles for Route 1. By contrast, the mean grain size decreased continuously with cyclic numbers and reached ~4.6 μm at 7-cycle for Route 2. For Route 1, with cyclic numbers UTS decreased continuously and AKU kept fluctuating due to the accumulation effect of temper softening and continuous fluctuation of RD (relative differences of grain sizes), respectively. For Route 2, the continuing decline of UTS with cyclic numbers could be ascribed to the increase of mean complex carbide size, while the AKU underwent a process of increasing and then decreasing with cyclic numbers and reached the maximum (~183 J) at 3-cycle as a result of joint influence of mean grain size and proeutectoid ferrite proportion.


Magnetic torquers are used for the attitude control of small satellites, such as CubeSats with Low Earth Orbit (LEO). During the design of magnetic torquers, it is necessary to confirm if its magnetic dipole moment is enough to control the satellite attitude. The magnetic dipole moment can affect the detumbling time and the satellite rotation time. In addition, it is also necessary to understand how to design the magnetic torquer for operation in a CubeSat under the space environment at LEO. This paper reports an investigation of the magnetic dipole moment and the magnetic field generated by a circular air-coil magnetic torquer using experimental measurements. The experiment testbed was built on an air-bearing under a magnetic field generated by a Helmholtz coil. This paper also describes the procedure to determine and verify the magnetic dipole moment value of the designed circular air-core magnetic torquer. The experimental results are compared with the design calculations. According to the comparison results, the designed magnetic torquer reaches the required magnetic dipole moment. This designed magnetic torquer will be applied to the attitude control systems of a 1U CubeSat satellite in the project "KNACKSAT."


The 13th annual survey of Australian contact lens prescribing was conducted between January and April 2012. The same format as in previous years was employed. About 3,000 members of Optometrists Association Australia were sent an e-mail message with a link to a downloadable questionnaire, and a request that this be accessed, printed and completed to provide details of the first 10 patients fitted with contact lenses after receipt of the questionnaire.


Results of a study aimed at the development of gust design procedures based on power spectral techniques are presented. The treatment includes a description of atmospheric turbulence make-up, and a discussion of the aircraft structural parameters that are needed in spectral evaluation procedures. Ease of application, interpretation and implication to design, present and future, and comparison with past design procedures are covered. A special feature shows the spectral deductions that can be made from past discrete gust design. The necessity and means for obtaining and reducing data of routine and test flights in a more meaningful, consistent and useful way are also touched upon.


Based on the basis of artificial potential field method,a robot path planning based on chaotic artificial potential field method is presented.This method solves problem of existing local optimal solution in the method of traditional artificial potential field method,finding no path between close obstacles,shaking before obstacles and swinging in the narrow channel.The simulation results show that this method can effectively achieve robot path planning.


Human adipose derived stem cells have shown chondrogenic differentiation potential in cartilage tissue engineering in combination with biomimetic materials. In this study, the chondrogenic potential of a porous gelatin based scaffold genipin (GNP) crosslinked was investigated in human mesenchymal stem cells obtained from adipose tissue. Cells were cultured up to 4 weeks on the scaffold and on monolayer, MTT assay was performed to evaluate cell viability, light, and transmission electron microscopy were carried out to demonstrate cell proliferation, scaffold adhesion, and cell colonization inside the porous architecture of the biomaterial. The expression of chondrogenic markers such as SOX9, collagen type II, aggregan, and versican was investigated by Real Time PCR. Results showed an high cell viability, adhesion, and colonization of the scaffold. Real Time PCR data demonstrated an upregulation of all the chondrogenic markers analyzed. In conclusion, 3D gelatin GNP crosslinked porous scaffold provides an improved environment for chondrogenic differentiation of stem cells compared with cell monolayer culture system. Microsc. Res. Tech. 77:928–934, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


The technology of hot-roll cladding QSn4-3/A3 sheet was studied and its optimal technical parameters were determined. When the primary thickness of QSn4-3alloy is 4 mm, that of A, steel 6 mm,the appropriate temperature range for hot-roll cladding QSn4-3 and A3 steel is 800~850℃ and the required minimum reduction ratio is 60%.


Let X be a discrete metric space with bounded geometry. In this paper, we show that if X admits an "A-by-CE coarse fibration", then the canonical quotient map λ : C max(X) → C (X) from the maximal Roe algebra to the Roe algebra of X, and the canonical quotient map λ : C u,max(X) → C ∗ u(X) from the maximal uniform Roe algebra to the uniform Roe algebra of X, induce isomorphisms on Ktheory. A typical example of such a space arises from a sequence of group extensions {1 → Nn → Gn → Qn → 1} such that the sequence {Nn} has Yu's property A, and the sequence {Qn} admits a coarse embedding into Hilbert space. This extends an early result of J. Špakula and R. Willett [24] to the case of metric spaces which may not admit a coarse embedding into Hilbert space. Moreover, it implies that the maximal coarse Baum-Connes conjecture holds for a large class of metric spaces which may not admit a fibred coarse embedding into Hilbert space.


The purpose of this study is to determine if entry threat is systematically related to the use of discretionary accruals (DAs). It is argued that companies in a high entry threat situation would be more vulnerable to profit-eroding competition than other companies. Managers therefore might be more inclined to use income-decreasing DAs (1) to signal unfavorable prospects due to expected entry (i.e., entry anticipation) and/or (2) to conceal profits to discourage entry (i.e., entry deterrence). Results presented here are consistent with this "entry threat" hypothesis.


The reaction of benthonic animal to the ecological conditions of river is sensitive and quick.When water ecology of river changes,benthonic animal can firstly feel and react in a short time.The paper studies the biodiversity of benthonic animal and coupling mechanism between the areas of aquatic habitat and analyzes the influence of diversion to the benthonic animal starting with the area of aquatic habitat and through collection,identification and analysis on the samples of benthonic animal of the diversion area of South North Water Transfer Project.The outcomes show that a) there is close relationship between benthonic animal and the area of aquatic habitat.The quantity of species increases as the increase of water surface area and heads for stability;b) when water surface area reduces to 45% of the original water surface area,the quantity of species starts to reduce slowly;c) when water surface area continuously reduces to 10% of the original water surface area,the quantity of species starts to reduce rapidly and;d) in order to keep the stability of ecosystem of benthonic animal,the reduction of water surface area at the downstream of dam-site should not be less than 45% of the original water surface area during diversion.


The Transition Region and Coronal Explorer (TRACE) provides some of the highest spatial resolution images ever taken of hot solar flare plasma. The TRACE 195 Å channel is particularly sensitive to high-temperature flare plasma because of the presence of the Fe XXIV λ192 resonance line in this bandpass. The TRACE 171 Å channel observes emission from thermal bremsstrahlung during a flare. Since this emission is generally weak, it is usually not possible to derive electron temperatures for flare plasma from TRACE observations. In this Letter, we present analysis of the 2000 March 24 X1.8 limb flare that produced high count rates in both the TRACE 195 and 171 Å channels. We find evidence for a small, high-temperature region near the top of the flare arcade. This hot region appears to lie at the base of the cusp-shaped structure that extends above the arcade. The TRACE observations are consistent with a strong enrichment of Fe over its photospheric value in the hot region that suggests in situ heating of this plasma. We also find that multithermal simulations of flare evolution reproduce the observations much better than an isothermal model does.


Lars Pålsson Syll is Professor of Social Science, Malmö University, Sweden. He holds two PhDs awarded in the 1990s. One in economic history and another in economics. His regular blog postings have made his name familiar to Real-World Economics readers. In 2018 his blog was recognized by Focus Economics (their list of bloggers also included Steve Keen and Michael Hudson). 1 His postings and publications have drawn on and drawn attention to the continued relevance of Keynes, the work of post-Keynesians, and the scope and potential of modern monetary theory. However, he is perhaps best known for his criticism of the methodological foundations of mainstream economics. His book On the use and misuse of theories and models in mainstream economics (2016) is published by WEA.


"Every morning you have 2 choices:
Continue to sleep with your dreams
Or wake up and chase them."
--- J.S. Tinaza

Dr. Tinaza may not have been Shakespeare, Poe or Frost but he was known for his meaningful verses which he posted on viber, mundane and profound thoughts about life and recent photos he captured in his timeline.
Dr. Jomar S. Tinaza obtained his Doctor of Medicine degree from the De La Salle University College of Medicine in 1995. He joined the Quezon City General Hospital residency training program with Dr. Carmina G. Galang in January 2000. In January 2003, the Philippine Board of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery accredited the training program. Dr. Galang graduated in 2004 while Jomar opted to extend his training for 2 years to complete the 4 years needed to become board-eligible. Hence, Jomar was the first alumnus of the QCGH ENT department. He passed the Diplomate exam on Sep 17, 2010. His extended stay was instrumental for our full accreditation and Dr. Pascual, his previous training officer and chair admired him for his extraordinary ideas and trusted him to accomplish certain tasks beyond his comfort zone.
He saw the potential of a good clinical practice in cosmetic surgery and pursued subspecialty training in facial aesthetic surgery under the Facial Aesthetic Core of ENT Surgeons (FACES)  in 2010. Afterwards Jomar and his wife Amy established the Asian Aesthetic Center in Katipunan Ave. He became a visiting and subspecialty consultant in Maxillofacial, Facial Plastic and Reconstructive surgery of the department in 2011.
As a mentor, he unselfishly shared his skills and diligently assisted the residents during surgery working pro bono as a visiting consultant. He came early to attend grand rounds, was never satisfied with mediocre answers, persistently scrutinizing and demanding precision and accuracy. Sometimes his queries may have been perceived as nit-picking but they certainly echoed the effervescence and eagerness of a budding junior consultant plunging into the dynamics of clinical discussion. He helped organized the series of international postgraduate courses in Facial Plastic Surgery in QCGH from 2010 – 2012.
As a consultant, Jomar was a silent worker who actively participated and contributed voluntarily.    He co-authored the paper on a case series of Tessier patients which is published in the current issue of this journal; he assisted in a case of tuberous sclerosis which he proposed as a case report to represent the department this year; he was preparing a descriptive paper on a case series of rhinoplasty in cleft noses; and he helped amputate an Abbe flap on a clinical patient with lip cancer, a week before he left. He was invited to lecture in a postgraduate course at St. Luke's Medical Center after the PSO-HNS annual convention and he subsequently gave an inspirational talk where he emphasized the value of hard work and patience to succeed, during the residents' graduation last December.
One of his passions was photography. He had a keen eye for taking pictures of people in action, picturesque sceneries and documenting events. He even proposed a post-graduate course on photography especially on selecting the proper angle, exposure, and lighting before and after cosmetic surgery and showcased a photo exhibit of his works.
Jomar treated his patients with compassion and pampered them with care with his motto and familiar verse:  "Do all things with kindness." He was generous and gracious to hospital employees and treated the residents as members of an extended family. To break loose from the monotony and grime of daily routine, he would often invite residents to have dinner in their new house at LGV, share thoughts and perspectives about life over a bottle of beer or shots of tequila, once in a while dishing out songs from his own repertoire. The staff will miss his silly grin while holding the microphone during videoke nites at the perennial watering hole in Bauschmann cafe. He had a toast for all occasions, with a pocketful of cheers and stories to tell. One of his favorite lines was, "for good looks and good life…"
Jomar had a penchant for gadgets-- buying gifts especially for his wife, he savored food, dining, and vacations with his family. As a husband, Amy could not ask for more. During the necrological rites, she confided that there were times when she would wake up and catch Jomar staring at her, giving her the impression that she was the most beautiful woman in this world. And to his 2 sons, Earl and Marcus, Jomar was a loving father who woke up early and took them to school, securing a brighter future for both of them.
True to his words, Jomar never slept and chased his dream. He undoubtedly touched many people's lives along the way. The staff grieves and deeply mourns the passing of a fellow, colleague, comrade, mentor, brother, and friend. His gestures and verses will continue to reverberate, long after he has gone.


We propose a new architecture that supports the plug and play of service modules for a centrally managed home network system. Service modules are designed independent of the server package and are managed flexibly. Modules belonging to the same service class can be configured to work exclusively or cooperatively. This architecture provides the possibility to set up a system adapted to user needs, which contributes to the spread of home networks and further progress in consumer electronics


Pulmonary rehabilitation in the acute care hospital on the example of patients suffering from COPD. Within the last few years physical therapy in intensive care medicine has progressed considerably and has proven to be a vital part of the treatment of critically ill patients. According to recent studies, physical therapy at an early stage is essential to a quick rehabilitation of the ICU-patient; therefore the physical therapist becomes an important member of the interdisciplinary intensive care team. Patients suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in intensive care generally have bigger problems weaning off the artifi cial ventilation than patients without COPD, which prolongs their length of stay (LOS) at the hospital. Consequently, intubated intensive care patients (especially combined with COPD) need in addition to early mobilisation exercises, a big variety of respiratory therapeutic treatments, primarily techniques which activate the respiratory muscles. In order to apply the therapeutic interventions successfully the patients' needs have to be assessed and adjusted in advance. The aim of this article is to show the signifi cance and the potential of physical therapy in order to support and accelerate the patients' weaning process and to guarantee the highest possible functional outcome. In accordance with recent literary studies and due to practical experience, a number of techniques and their applications are explained so as to offer details for a practical approach. To use these therapeutic interventions specifi c education is required. Techniques strictly follow evidence-based criteria and are to be used accordingly. Finally, applying a well-structured COPD-transfer-assessment when patients are discharged (medical report) might reduce the risk of a further exacerbation. J Pneumologie 2015; 3 (2): 12–7.


In general sense, management uses sources of organization voluminously to reach the common goals of the participants of the organization. Classroom management uses the sources of the classroom participant (student, teacher, school management) to be successful. Success at education may be reached if teacher, with the status of classroom manager, can perform management processes effectively. The most important factor at success at education is teacher's level of classroom management skills. Classroom management skills cannot be dissociated from general management skills. Processes such as planning, coordination, organization, communication, making decisions, and prize-reward are also necessary for classroom management. Teacher's success at these processes also determines his success at the teaching conducted with his students.The study was conducted with 788 students chosen randomly from Trakya University. Varimax rotated exploratory factor analysis was used as scale development statistics to ascertain sub-dimensions. Item-total correlation coefficient and item-remainder correlation coefficient, Cronbach and Rulon coefficient were calculated to determine the reliability. The scale was found to be valid, reliable and available as a result of statistical procedures.


Social response is the ability of a person to adjust to a new environment or circumstances with the goal of becoming a better person. Parenthood is often seen as a happy, gratifying, and fulfilling experience. Due to various reasons, babies' gestational age inclusive, mothers may exhibit diverse social responses. This can affect maternal bonding, immediate child's care and future development of the child, the family and society at large. This study therefore was conducted to comparatively analyze the social responses of mothers with preterm and term babies. The study adopted a quantitative descriptive non-experimental comparative survey design. A sample size of 98 and 102 mothers with preterm babies in neonatal and term babies in postnatal wards respectively in Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital Complex, Ile-Ife, Osun State were selected using a purposive sampling technique. A self-designed questionnaire with Cronbach's alpha consistency scores ranging from 0.78 – 0.88 was used for data collection. Data were analyzed with Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21 using both descriptive and inferential statistics at 0.05 level of significance. Result showed that both group of mothers had higher positive social responses, mothers of term babies exhibited a slightly higher positive social response (84.3%) compared to mothers of preterm babies (76.5%). There was a significant difference between the social responses of mothers with preterm and term babies. However, the social response mean difference (0.078) was not statistically significant (p= .168). In conclusion, this study shows that women who experience a preterm birth express increased negative social responses compared to mothers with term babies. It was recommended that health care providers especially nurses must be adequately skilled with the ability to detect, and intervene promptly and appropriately in prevention and management of negative social responses in newly delivered mothers.


The velocity dispersion of the old LPVs (33 km/s) indicates that they belong to a spheroid population. A rotational analysis of various disk populations of the LMC (H I, CO clouds, PN, CH stars, clusters, and LPVs) indicates that the transverse velocity of the LMC is about 200 km/s in the direction of the Magellanic Stream, that the dynamics of the LMC is dominated by a single rotating disk, and that all populations in the bar have solid-body rotation. The distribution of outer old LPV velocities implies a mass of the LMC of approximately equal to or less than 6.2 + or - 1.5 x 10 to the 9th solar masses. The old LPV population has a mass of 1.1 x 10 to the 8th solar masses, or about 2 percent of the LMC's total mass. 70 refs.


Utilization and use of space above the ground has almost exceeded the limit because of the continued increase in population, especially in large cities and land above the ground will not increase, the use of basements becomes an alternative in meeting the needs of land for various types of activities, especially for strategic locations in urban areas, in practice this has happened in the city of Jakarta for the purposes of parking areas,  shops, even used for subway lines or MRT. Policies are therefore required that regulate the right to use the basement properly, to prevent future conflicts and where there is legal certainty on the use of basements.


"Do not stop doing good, even to those who have harmed you. Rather, treat them with humanity and nobility, for harming someone is brutish behavior. Returning evil with evil implies a deficiency in character, returning good for evil is nobility, says Fethullah Gulen in his book "Pearls of Wisdom." Through the Hizmet Movement, Gulen has envisioned an ideal society, where values like peace, tolerance, brotherhood, respect of others' thoughts, and human rights prevail as identical to the essence commanded by Islam. He has love for humanity, ethnicity and has promoted inter-cultural dialogues between people of different religions and faiths. Education has been an effective tool for Gulen to disseminate his outlook, which is based on teachings that promote ethical and contemporary interpretations of Islam. The institutions run by educational companies and foundations worldwide as inspired by Gulen do not preach about his teachings, rather, the teachers inspired by him are role models who initiate for change in their students' educational and social accomplishments. In Pakistan, which has been a victim of the manifestations of fundamentalism in recent years, Gulen-inspired Turkish schools and other collaborating institutions may make considerable contribution to inspiring the youth and the general public by promoting peaceful coexistence through the tongue of education.


With SWICS and SEPICA onboard ACE, ionic charge measurements are now available for a wide energy range, covering the solar wind and suprathermal energetic particles. The high sensitivity of SEPICA has been utilized to examine the heavy ion composition and mean Fe ionic charge state as a function of time for several large, gradual, CME related solar energetic particle events. We selected those events for further analysis that clearly show small Fe/O ratios and low mean Fe ionic charge states (QFe∼10–12) throughout the event, excluding by this method a possible admixture from impulsive events. We determine for these events with SEPICA the mean ionic charge states of C, O, and Fe in the energy range ∼0.2–0.6 MeV/nuc and with SWICS the ionic charge distribution of C, O, and Fe ions of the solar wind. We find for this sample of 'pure' gradual events for suprathermal ions consistently low mean ionic charge states of ∼5.5 (C), ∼6.7 (O), and ∼11–12 (Fe). We compare the suprathermal charge states with solar wind m...


Objective This study aimed to describe the level of caregivers' competency and compare the factors that affect caregivers' competency in social skills rehabilitation for schizophrenia patients. Materials and methods A research desings was a descriptive. There were three hundred and forty caregivers of schizophrenia patients were purposively selected. Data were collected using a questionnaire covering personal data of the schizophrenia patients and of their caregivers, and caregivers' competency in social skills rehabilitation scale which was composed of four dimensions. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and independent t-test. Results The results revealed that the overall score of caregivers' competency in social skills rehabilitation for schizophrenia patients was at a high level. Each subscale was at a high level as follows: decision making and problem solving, relationship and communication complying with social rules and emotional and stress management. For each phase of competency, the mean score was at a high level as follows: implementing, and evaluating but planning and making decision was at a moderate level. When compare with the factor about the period of time in the care and receiving knowledge in social skills rehabilitation did not differ signifi cantly between the two groups of subject. Conclusion Caregivers of schizophrenia patients had competency in social skills rehabilitation at high level. However, their competency in planning and making decision was in moderate level. Therefore, health care team should pay attention in promoting caregivers' confi dence, to enhance their competency in planning and making decision in the future.


Let $K$ be the function field of a curve $C$ over a $p$-adic field $k$. We prove that, for each $n, d \geq 1$ and for each hypersurface $Z$ in $\mathbb{P}^n_{K}$ of degree $d$ with $d^2 \leq n$, the second Milnor $K$-theory group of $K$ is spanned by the images of the norms coming from finite extensions $L$ of $K$ over which $Z$ has a rational point. When the curve $C$ has a point in the maximal unramified extension of $k$, we generalize this result to hypersurfaces $Z$ in $\mathbb{P}^n_{K}$ of degree $d$ with $d \leq n$.


The production of grey literature has grown considerably compared with the more traditional type of academic literature. This is due to several developments in modern society and many of them are covered by the two key words «knowledge society» and «internet». One consequence of this is that today readers have more difficulty in judging the quality and relevance of what they read. This is especially true for information professionals in all sectors of government, academics, business and industry and stays a major challenge for developments in our information society. At first this seems to be mainly a problem on the demand side of grey literature (the reader), but is of course also a problem perceived and being tackled by the supply side: How can one be assured of the quality of grey literature in a similar way to the quality hallmark of "white literature" i.e. peer reviewing in scientific journals? This chapter is about a quality assurance system for a specific category of grey literature, evaluation. It was developed by the Competence Centre for Evaluation (CCE) of the Swiss Federal Office of Public Health (FOPH) as a six


A new method for the classification and separation of fine particles; rotating column (RTC) is analysed. In the theoretical calculation, the motion of a particle in the RTC is solved numerically taking account of the rotation of the particle in addition to the drag of the fluid under the condition of creeping flow.The calculated particle trajectories and the effective range of the terminal velocity for the separation on the RTC are varified by comparison with the experimental observations. The influence of the apparatus parameters on the separation power of the RTC, tilted angle, revolution speed, column diameter and apex angle of the conical column, are investigated, and then the optimal combination of the paramters is searched for.The existence of the fluid flow in the axial direction is found to improve the separation power of the RTC It would be feasible to operate the RTC continuously by flowing fluid in the axial direction.


Introduction: The current and future health needs of the population pose challenges for healthcare services, which face increased pressure for service provision, and for universities educating graduates to meet this clinical demand. One aspect influencing allied health (AH) clinician willingness to offer student placements is the perceptions of impact on patient activity levels and clinician time. This systematic review synthesises the evidence quantifying student impact on AH patient activity, clinician time and productivity.  Methods: Searches of peer-reviewed literature published since 1990 were conducted in Medline, CINAHL, Scopus and EMBASE and supplemented by other sources. Selected studies reported clinician-recorded patient activity and/or time participating in services provided by nutrition and dietetics, occupational therapy, physiotherapy and speech pathology, with and without students present. Studies meeting eligibility criteria (n = 23) were rated using the McMaster Guidelines for Critical Review Form: Quantitative Studies. Effect size calculations and meta-analysis were planned if sufficient studies reported similar outcome measures.  Results: Seventeen studies contributed to four meta-analyses: patient activity levels, direct clinical time, clinical billed units and direct time per patient. Pooled results were neutral or favoured increases in activity or time during student placements. Methodological variation and research quality inhibited more comprehensive analysis. Conclusions: Data showed students may have a neutral or positive effect on AH patient activity levels and clinical time. Potential factors influencing data are discussed, and the areas of focus for further research are suggested.


This paper presents a new method for preparing micro droplets inside the liquid layer at a T-junction in a microchannel network. The relations between droplet size, flow speed, and channel size are studied. The droplet size is easily varied by changing the flow conditions in the microchannels. The size distribution of the resulting droplets is very narrow.


One of the practical applications of emerging 5G technology is Internet of Things (IoT), where machines and devices are connected to each other through inexpensive wireless networks. Such networks are expected to be inexpensive and consume low battery power. PCB monopole antennas are suited in such applications since they are inexpensive and are low-profile antennas occupying a small foot print. However, one of the major limitations of PCB monopole antenna is the shift in the frequency response as a result of static effect (varying ground plane, casing effect) and dynamic effect (user usage). In this article, the authors have described and presented a novel multi-stub PCB monopole antenna which has a broadband frequency response. The proposed double and triple stub PCB monopole antennas are validated by designing the antennas at 2.45 GHz on 60 mils FR4 substrate. The proposed broadband double stub PCB monopole antenna has a measured bandwidth (return loss > 10 dB) of 1000 MHz (bandwidth enhancement of 75%) at 2.45 GHz. The proposed broadband triple stub PCB monopole antenna has a measured bandwidth of 1200 MHz (bandwidth enhancement of 110%) at 2.45 GHz. The radiation pattern is observed to be consistent over the entire bandwidth.


Traditional ontology mapping techniques are not strictly applicable in a dynamic and distributed environment (e.g. P2P and pervasive computing) in which on-the-fly alignments are sought after. We propose an approach that collaborates the logic formalisms with collaboratively created web repositories. A logic conceptualisation based "signaturing" algorithm is to discover, from concept definitions, the "feature" vectors that uniquely identify concepts; web repositories are used to understand the implications of these features. Such a combination solidifies an on-demand and approximate mechanism that emerges a context-dependent and task-specific consensus among heterogeneous participants of an information exchange task.


We find the magnetoresistance (MR) with current flow perpendicular to the layer planes (CPP-MR) of multilayers made of the ferromagnetic metals Co and Py (permalloy=Ni84Fe16) and the nonmagnetic metal Ag to vary with the Co and Py layer sequencing. That is, [Co/Ag/Py/Ag]N (type I) multilayers have larger MRs than [Co/Ag]N[Py/Ag]N (type II) ones, and the difference grows with the number of repeats N. We ascribe the differences to an apparent short spin-diffusion length in Py. Interestingly, similar differences appear also in the current in plane MR, probably due to finite mean-free paths in all three metals, plus interface scattering.


So far, the charging functionality for vehicles has been integrated either into the traction drive system or to the dc-dc converters in plug-in electric vehicles (PEV). This study features a unique way of combining the wired and wireless charging functionalities with vehicle side boost converter and maintaining the isolation to provide a hybrid plug-in and wireless charging solution to the plug-in electric vehicle users. The proposed integrated charger combined with SiC technology shows the end-to-end and dc-to-dc system efficiencies of 85.9% and 88.9% for wireless charging mode, and 88.8% and 92.4% for the wired charging mode of operation.


A pulsed, through‐transmission ultrasound system for monitoring displacements of the tongue during speech production is outlined. The technique enables on‐line recording of the position of a discrete element on the dorsal surface of the tongue. A simultaneous cinefluoroscopic ultrasonic study of tongue motions resulted in excellent agreement between ultrasound data obtained with this technique and corresponding data measured from cine films.


Pierre-Joseph-Cecilien Simonart (1816-1847) was an obstetrician and an anatomist in the Universite libre de Bruxelles. He described and analyzed the " amniotic bands " and their effects on the fetus. In this contribution, we situate his work in the evolution of the knowledge relative to this pathology. Rev Med Brux 2013 ; 34 : 184-6


Land use changes can not only change land cover, but also influence a variety of natural phenomena and ecological processes, including soil conditions, water runoff, soil erosion and biodiversity. The rational land use can improve soil structure, strengthen resistance to the environmental change, and the irrational land use can lead to land degradation, such as water and soil loss, land desertification. Daxing District located to the south of Beijing, was taken as a case study for illustrating the effects of land use change on soil fertility. The 1:50,000 soil map produced in the Second National Soil Survey (SNSS) in 1982 was digitized with GIS supporting. Top soil samples were collected from the same soil sampling sites of the 1:50,000 soil map with GPS reference locations, from May to June 2000. Three samples collected around each sampling point were mixed and a quarter of each sample was kept for laboratory analysis. At the same time, farmers were interviewed for fertilizer input, irrigation, yield, land management, etc. The soil samples were air-dried and ground to pass 0. 15 to 1 mm sieves in the laboratory. Chemical properties of soils were analyzed using standard methods. The content of organic matter, total N, available N and available P increased by 31. 02%,50%, 37.89% and 177% respectively, but that of available K decreased at the same time. The order of content changes of organic matter, total N and, available P is different between different land use types in 1982 and 2000, which is horticulture land water landirrigable landvegetable landdrylandforest land. Due to the transition of water land into irrigable land, vegetable land and horticulture land, the order of changes of organic matter, total N and available N is dryland horticulture land irrigable land vegetable land, the order of the available P is horticulture landirrigable land vegetable land dryland, the available P increased in horticulture land and dryland, but decreased in vegetable land and irrigable land to some extent. The order of organic matter and the available P is horticulture land irrigable land dryland, that of total N is dryland horticulture landirrigable land, and the available N is irrigable land horticulture land dryland, with the dryland transiting into irrigable land and horticulture land. The extent of the available K decreased, but the other nutrients of soil increased at the same time when sandy wasteland were transited into such land types as irrigable land, horticulture land, dryland, forest land and vegetable land.


T

he political influence Coefficient as a power of influence and political elite lobbying (the power rents) of each region in the decision-making and national budget allocations centers is a new word through which the present article, after introducing it, is able to rank the provinces in the tenth state using the multi-criteria decision-making models (MCDM). This issue is important in terms of social justice and its role in development. For this purpose, based on the key national management posts in the form of a set of three main governmental branches: the execute one( President, first vice president, vice presidents, minister, central bank governor, chairman of the Red Crescent), the legislature (the speaker of Parliament, the members of the parliament), judiciary (Head of the Judiciary, Chairman of the Assembly of Experts, Attorney General, Head of the Supreme Court, Head of Expediency council), and the head of IRIB broadcasting that totally comprise 14 indices, the provinces are ranked by Topsis Model. According to the rankings, Tehran and Ilam have the most and least political influence of the total 31 provinces of the country in the tenth state, respectively.


Abstract Immobilized stationary phases represent a new perspective for analytical as well as preparative scale separation of chiral species. In this study, the basic data necessary for further development of the production-scale processes using CHIRALPAK IA columns were acquired. The new immobilized chiral stationary phase CHIRALPAK IA has proven to be useful for the chiral separations of propranolol, metoprolol, guaifenesin, and α-Tetralol enantiomers. A broad range of standard and non-standard solvents used as components of mobile phases were tested and their influence on the separations was evaluated. A satisfactory separation considering further utilization of simulated moving bed chromatography was found for propranolol, guaifenesin, and α-tetralol using the following mobile phases n-Heptane/methanol/ethanolamine (05/95/0.1, v/v/v), n-Heptane/ethanol (85/15, v/v) and n-Heptane/DCM (85/15, v/v), respectively. Inverse size exclusion chromatography was implemented to measure the porosity of the column using the set of polystyrene standards. The multicomponent adsorption equilibrium was characterized by linear + Langmuir model for α-Tetralol and linear model for propranolol and guaifenesin due to their limited solubility in selected mobile phases. The isotherm model was successfully validated by comparison of pulse profiles obtained by solving the mathematical model and those obtained experimentally.


The legend of Don Juan with all its wonderful possibilities could not fail sooner or later to reach Russia on its triumphant march through Europe from its home in Spain. In truth we find that as early as the reign of Peter the Great (the first quarter of the eighteenth century) there was produced a Don-Yan. Only the fifth act of this is preserved, but it seems to be a Russian translation of a Polish version of Villiers' Le Festin de Pierre. For a century more there is no Russian version and it is not until the time of Pushkin that we find a really valuable contribution to the development of the legend.


We study the geometry of the tangent bundle equipped with a two-parameter family of Riemannian metrics. After deriving the expression of the Levi-Civita connection, we compute the Riemann curvature tensor and the sectional, Ricci and scalar curvatures. Specializing to the case of space forms, we characterise the metrics giving positive sectional curvature and show that one can always find parameters ensuring positive scalar curvature on the tangent space. Under some curvature conditions, this extends to general base manifolds.


Information service industry,as a highly intellectual packed modern industry,needs the support of a large number of talents with a solid mastery of information technology and foreign languages and global enterprising experiences.The cultivation of career-oriented information service talents is becoming a major concern for educators.The features of information service talents are analyzed and the training mode,career orientation and basic university-enterprise cooperation approach are suggested with a purpose to explore a transition from discipline rationality to employment possibility to guide the construction of information service engineering discipline.


Summary form only given. The plasma desmear process is widely used in the printed circuit board industry. During drilling, drill bits become heated resulting in the melting and smearing of the epoxy-resin base material across the inner-layer copper surfaces within the hole barrel to which subsequent through-hole plating must connect. If not corrected, the smear would constitute a dielectric layer between the inner-layer copper surfaces and the plated copper, and the circuit would be defective. In order to effectively remove the residual smear like epoxy resin base material commonly found on the micro-via blind holes after drilling. We invented the multi-jet atmospheric glow plasma system and have compared the effect of micro-via blind holes desmearing at low pressure with that of a multi-jet atmospheric glow plasma source at atmospheric pressure. A multi-jet atmospheric glow plasma system with the radio frequency generated hollow cathodes was used for the PCB desmear process which operated in atmospheric pressure. The size of the proto-type system is 180 by 60 mm. The electrode comprises 100 hollow cathodes with flowing gas and the distance of both electrodes is adjustable between 1 and 10 mm. However, the construction perfectly enables further scaling up. The forward RF-power to sustain the discharge at atmospheric pressure can be as low as 12 W. Using this multi-jet atmospheric glow plasma source, we have successfully verified a possibility to ignite and maintain an atmospheric pressure discharge in He and He + O/sub 2/ in the RF powered multi-cylindrical hollow cathodes with inner diameter of 500 /spl mu/m. The discharge is stable, volume filling, silent, with no streamer. Our results show that residual smear can be effectively removed by a He + O/sub 2/ plasma, If it is performed under optimum process condition. The optimum process conditions for the removal of residual smear existing on the micro-via blind holes are the plasma exposure time of I min and the RF-power of 80 W. On the other hand, the highest efficiency of the residual smear clearing was achieved for a low-pressure plasma exposure time of 1 min and RF-power of 40 W. In both experiments, the higher O/sub 2/ content in the He plasma, the residual smear of micro-via blind holes effectively removed. As a result, the multi-jet atmospheric glow plasma source may substantially save coats by avoiding investment of the vacuum equipment and may bring a number of interesting applications in large area cold atmospheric plasma processing.


The role of nematic fluctuations in the pairing mechanism of iron-based superconductors is frequently debated. Here, we present a method to reveal such fluctuations by identifying the energy and momentum of the corresponding nematic boson through the detection of a boson-assisted resonant amplification of Friedel oscillations. Using Fourier-transform scanning tunneling spectroscopy, we observe for the unconventional superconductor LiFeAs strong signatures of bosonic states at momentum $q\ensuremath{\sim}0$ and energy $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Omega}}\ensuremath{\approx}8$ meV. We show that these bosonic states survive in the normal conducting state, and, moreover, that they are in perfect agreement with well-known strong above-gap anomalies in the tunneling spectra. Attributing these small-$q$ boson modes to nematic fluctuations, we provide a spectroscopic approach to the nematic boson in an unconventional superconductor.


Several blast accidents of slag ladle were continuously happened after full operation of converter slag ladle in slow cooling field. The study showed that the main reason for blast is a large amount of white matte entered into converter slag,then,the water entered into it because the high-temperature melt solidified incompletely. The accidences were declined by strictly controlling the operation process to reduce matte amount,using infrared facility and portable thermometer to monitor abnormal slag ladle the slow cooling blast accident of slag ladle has not happened in one and a half years.


Abstract Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHC) are important safety net providers in disadvantaged communities. As outpatient clinics in these areas, they qualify for specific reimbursement systems under Medicare and Medicaid. Age-friendly health care is an urgent need to be able to provide quality healthcare to more than 46 million Americans age 65 and older, with that number projected to double to more than 98 million by 2060. Friendly healthcare systems require a focus on the 4Ms framework and is focused on improving the health of people at every life stage and in every community across the country. The 4Ms are as follows: 1) What Matters: Aligning care with each older adult's specific health outcome goals and care preferences; 2) Medications: If medications are necessary, use age-friendly medications that do not interfere with What Matters, Mentation or Mobility; 3) Mentation: Prevent, identify, treat and manage depression, dementia and delirium across settings of care and 4) Mobility: Ensure that older adults move safely every day in order to maintain function and do What Matters. An age-friendly health system is one in which every older adult's care is guided by these evidence-based practices (the 4Ms), where the care causes no harms, and where the care is consistent with what matters to older adults and their families. In this symposium five Geriatric Workforce Enhancement Programs at five diverse universities will share their experiences with supporting FQHC in their areas to become age-friendly healthcare systems. The unique lessons learned at these different sites will be shared.


The association between Alport syndrome (AS) and IgA-nephropathy (IgAN) recently shown suggests that the abnormal glomerular basement membrane (GBM) resulting from the pathogenic COL4A3/A4/A5 variants may predispose to immune-mediated injury. The aim of study was to identify the frequency of IgAN in children with AS.

 We analyzed the morphological (light, immunofluorescence, electron microscopy), clinical [sensorineural deafness (SND)], laboratory [eGFR, proteinuria (Pr)] data of 102 children (12 ± 4 years at biopsy) with AS observed in nephrology department since 1993. AS was confirmed by next-generation sequencing (NGS) based genetic tests in 65 points (q = 0.64). The IgAN was diagnosed by the presence of glomerular proliferative lesions with predominant IgA immunofluorescence and electron dense deposits in the mesangial area.

 IgAN was revealed in 3 points (q = 0.03) with AS (Table 1) and presented by acute development of steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) (one case) and nephrotic proteinuria in top of gross hematuria (2 points). Immunosuppressive treatment led to complete SRNS remission and was ineffective in one child.

 IgAN was revealed in 3% of our points with AS and probably led to serious disease flare-ups in these points. Immunosuppression treatment was effective in children with IgA-related SRNS.