Objective: Internalizing disorders, such as anxiety and depression, in pre-school aged children are common and often go undiagnosed into adulthood. To augment traditional parental-reports, we have previously presented an objective assessment for early childhood anxiety and depression which leverages movement and vocal biomarkers measured via wearable sensors during brief mood induction tasks that achieves good accuracy (75%-81%). However, these methods required specialized equipment and expertise in data and sensor engineering to administer and analyze. Method: To address this challenge, we have developed the ChAMP (Childhood Assessment and Management of digital Phenotypes) System, which includes an Android mobile application for collecting movement and audio data during mood induction tasks and an open-source data analysis platform for extracting digital biomarkers and discovering digital phenotypes. As proof of principle, we present data collected using the ChAMP System from 50 children ages 5-8, with and without anxiety or depressive disorders. Results: Movement and vocal features derived from the ChAMP System support the consideration of theory-driven temporal phases within mood induction tasks, and the use of an assessment battery for characterizing childhood internalizing disorders. Results also demonstrate that features significantly differ between diagnostic groups and correlate with symptom severity implying their potential use as digital biomarkers. Conclusions: The ChAMP System provides clinically relevant digital biomarkers of childhood anxiety and depression. This new open-source tool lowers the barrier to entry for those interested in exploring digital phenotyping of childhood mental health.


Various state and local agencies in Maryland are requiring that the Soil Conservation Service Technical Release 55 be used to evaluate impact of urbanization on peak rates of discharge. In 1981, these agencies began to wonder if the procedures in TR-55 (SCS, 1975) were oversizing the outlet of stormwater management structures. Thus, the desired regulation of frequent events was not happening. In 1983, SCS in Maryland began a study to evaluate the concern of these agencies. The results of this study are presented.


Post-translational modifications of histones including methylation play important roles in cell differentiation. Jumonji domaincontaining 3 (Jmjd3) is a histone demethylase, which specifically catalyzes the removal of trimethylation of histone H3 at lysine 27 (H3K27me3). In this study, we examined the expression of Jmjd3 in osteoblasts and its roles in osteoblast differentiation. Jmjd3 expression in the nucleus was induced in response to the stimulation of osteoblast differentiation as well as treatment of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2). Either treatment with Noggin, an inhibitor of BMP-2, or silencing of Smad1/5, suppressed Jmjd3 expression during osteoblast differentiation. Silencing of Jmjd3 expression suppressed osteoblast differentiation through the expression of bone-related genes including Runx2, Osterix, Osteopontin, Bone sialoprotein (BSP), and Osteocalcin (OCN). Silencing of Jmjd3 decreased the promoter activities of Runx2 and Osterix and increased the level of H3K27me3 on the promoter regions of Runx2 and Osterix. Introduction of the exogenous Runx2 and Osterix partly rescued osteoblast differentiation in the shJmjd3 cells. The present results indicate that Jmjd3 plays important roles in osteoblast differentiation and regulates the expressions of BSP and OCN via transcription factors Runx2 and Osterix. Introduction Bone is a dynamic tissue that undergoes continuous remodeling through bone formation and resorption. Osteoblasts are responsible for bone formation while osteoclasts are responsible for bone resorption. Bone morphogenetic protein2 (BMP-2) is a critical autocrine and paracrine growth factor for bone formation, which is produced by many types of cells including osteoblasts (1-3). BMP transduces its signal via the intracellular downstream mediators Smads. Upon activation of BMP pathway, Smad1 and


principles of synchronous experimental verification of the synchronous rectifier, compares the efficiency of switching power using a synchronous rectifier and a diode rectifier, where body diode of MOSFET transistor used for rectification. the paper brings thermal images of synchronous rectifier


The CEEMEX-P4 cruise represented the first sampling expedition to the Gulf ofTehuantepec within the frame of a comprehensive project a imed at the study of demersal resources associated with major shrimp (Penaeidae) fi shing grounds off the coast of western Mexico. The material was collected in March-April 1991, aboard the RIV " El Puma" (ICML, UNAM). A total of 29 stations were occupied and samples of invertebrates and fishes were obtained with three types of gear: an 80-foot shrimp trawl , a Mediterranean bottom trawl and a modi fied Agassiz dredge. Fifty-two species and subspecies of macro-crustaceans were collected; these included 6 species of stomatopods, and 46 species or subspecies of decapod crustaceans ( I 0 Penaeoiclea, 3 Caridea, 2 Palinura, 2 Anomura, and 29 Brachyura). As many as 16 species had never been reported previously in the li terature for the Gulf of Tehuantepec. Figures avai lable for stomatopods are close to those reported in literature for areas located off the coast of Sinaloa and Nayarit (SE of Gulf of California), in the Gulf of Tehuantepec, Mexico, and in the Gulf of Nicoya, Costa Rica. When compared to what is known of subtidal decapods, however, number of species is comparatively lower in the Gulf of Tehuantepec than in the SE Gulf of Cali fornia where as many as l 07 species, including only a few cryptic species, have been collected. As far as distribution is concerned, the fo llowing resul ts were obtained: I) all species, except one, have previously been recognized as members of the crustacean fauna of the tropical east Pacific; 2) all stomatopods present a di stribution ranging from the Gu lf of Cali fornia, Mexico, to Peru, except for Lysiosquilla panamica; 3) most species of decapod are also known from the Gul f of California (or even from further north) to Peru (or even further south), but two species have never been found south of the Gulf of Panama; one does not seem to range south of Nicaragua; two are known south to Gorgona Island, Colombia; seven have never been reported further south than Ecuador; and two have their currently known southernmost limit in the Gulf of Tehuantepec. Key-words: Stomatopod and decapod crustaceans; Gul f of Tehuantepec, Mex ico; shelf fauna ; distribution.


Based on Mie scattering theory and effective medium theory, the percentage bandwidth in which permittivity and permeability of a simple cubic lattice of identical, nonmetallic mag neto-dielectric spheres are simultaneously negative (double-negative, or DNG) is analyzed. Relaxing the restriction of previous work, that k1a → 0 where k1 is the wavenumber in the matrix and α is the particle radius, new analytical formulas are obtained for k1a <; π/10, from which the DNG bandwidth can be easily computed. As an example, a contour map of DNG bandwidth for a wide range of values of particle permittivity and permeability is plotted for particle volume fraction f = 0.3. From the analytical formulas, it is shown that the maximum achievable DNG band width for a simple cubic lattice of spheres with particle volume fraction f = 0.3 is 7.4%, when the particle permittivity and permeability are both approximately 14 times greater than those of the matrix.


Although conventional loss of field (LOF) protection schemes, especially impedance-based ones, are widely used for large-scale synchronous generators, they may not provide proper performance for small-scale synchronous generators (SSSGs) due to various concerns including, (i) large tripping time for unrecoverable LOF (ULOF) which may lead to severe voltage drop and stalling of nearby induction motors, (ii) LOF function maloperation during islanding events, and (iii) LOF function maloperation during recoverable LOF events. To resolve these issues, a new adaptive LOF protection logic is proposed for SSSGs. After ULOF events, the automatic voltage regulator (AVR) output gradually increases, while the SSSG internal voltage does not considerably increase. Based on this principle, some measurable or easily calculable parameters, including AVR output and SSSG internal voltage, are adopted to discriminate ULOF from other disturbances. Meanwhile, the proposed logic is wisely equipped with an adaptive time delay to prevent stalling of nearby induction motors and enhance operation speed during ULOF. Performance of the proposed algorithm is evaluated under various LOF and islanding events as well as short circuits. Obtained promising results confirm desirable performance of the proposed approach. Besides, compared to the impedance-based method, the proposed adaptive time delay considerably improves the security and reliability.


 Introduction Anti-Retroviral Therapy (ART) use has increased globally. It is estimated that 15 million (41%) People Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (PLHIV) are receiving ART, out of which 823,000 are children. Adherence to ART influences viral load reduction, improved immunity and treatment success. Studies show an almost complete adherence is needed to sufficiently suppress viral replication. However, several factors, including poverty, substance abuse, stigma and lack of disclosure hinder success of adherence. While HIV prevalence has continued to decrease worldwide, it remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality among adolescents. Poor ART adherence increases the risk of viral drug-resistance, reduces future therapeutic options and increases the risk of transmission. Adherence has been studied extensively with adult patients, but adolescent adherence has been largely neglected in the literature.


Defatted soy flakes was hydrolysised into soy peptide based on by enzymatic method,temperature of protein extraction was determined,and the hydrolysis effect of single enzyme and double enzyme was compared.The results showed that the optimal enzyme hydrolysis conditions: adding of neutral protease and compound enzyme were 400,200 active unit per gram protein,repectively;the enzymatic hydrolysis temperature was 55 ℃;pH was 7.5,time is 2 h;the resulted productivity of soy peptide was the highest,approximately 32%.


Sorption properties of new UVS-M carbon fibers toward K 2 PdCl 4 in hydrochloric acid solutions and toward palladium(II) sulfates in sulfuric acid solutions were studied.


The invention discloses an intelligent induction garbage can convenient in bag changing. The garbage can comprises a garbage can body and a garbage can cover connected with the garbage can body. A movable cover plate is disposed on the garbage can cover. The movable cover plate is hinged to the garbage can cover through a garbage can cover shaft. An infrared sensor is disposed in front of the cover plate. An actuator triggering and controlling device is connected below the garbage can cover shaft and electrically connected with the infrared sensor. A garbage bag storage box is disposed at the inner bottom of the garbage can body. Waved patterns are formed on the inner wall of the garbage bag storage box. A garbage bag pulling out hole is formed in the garbage bag storage box. A plurality of hooks are mounted on the upper portion of the inner side of the garbage can body. The intelligent induction garbage can has the advantages the garbage can cover is opened through infrared induction, and bacteria contact is prevented; by the garbage bag storage box, garbage bag changing is facilitated; by the hooks disposed on the inner side of the garbage can body, the garbage bag is prevented from sliding down into the garbage can body, and garbage bag nesting is facilitated.


One hundred stool samples were collected from children and pupils in Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria. These were examined for the presence of enteric bacteria associated with diarrhea. Seventy of the samples were collected from apparently healthy pupils in some public primary schools in Akure, while thirty samples were collected from children in the Children's Ward of the Ondo State Specialist Hospital, Akure. All the samples were pre-enriched for Salmonella and Shigella in selenite–F broth and also streaked on MacConkey and Deoxychocolate citrate agar plates. The following bacterial were isolated;  Shigella dysenteriae, Salmonella enteritidis, Yersina enterocolitica ,Klebsiella pneumoniae, Providencia sp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris. S. dysenteriae was found to be most frequent in children aged six to twenty-four months and one to twelve years. The carrier rate of S. dysentriae among males was very high compared to the females and there was high rate of bacteria isolates among the children of poor socio-economic status, poor sanitation and poorly breast-fed children. Keywords: Diarrhoea, deoxychocolate citrate, enteric, transmission


Improving the altimetric precision under the requirement of ensuring the along-track resolution is of great significance to the application of iGNSS-R satellite ocean altimetry. The results obtained by using the empirical integration time need to be improved. Optimizing the integration time can suppress the noise interference from different sources to the greatest extent, thereby improving the altimetric precision. The inverse relationship between along-track resolution and signal integration time leads to the latter not being infinite. To obtain the optimal combination of integral parameters, this study first constructs an analytical model whose precision varies with coherent integration time. Second, the model is verified using airborne experimental data. The result shows that the average deviation between the model and the measured precision is about 0.16 m. The two are consistent. Third, we apply the model to obtain the optimal coherent integration time of the airborne experimental scenario. Compared with the empirical coherent integration parameters, the measured precision is improved by about 0.1 m. Fourth, the verified model is extrapolated to different spaceborne scenarios. Then, the optimal coherent integration time and the improvement of measured precision under various conditions are estimated. It was found that the optimal coherent integration time of the spaceborne scene is shorter than that of the airborne scene. Depending on the orbital altitude and the roughness of the sea surface, its value may also vary. Moreover, the model can significantly improve the precision for low signal-to-noise ratios. The coherent integration time optimization model proposed in this paper can enhance the altimetric precision. It would provide theoretical support for the signal optimization processing and sea surface height retrieval of iGNSS-R altimetry satellites with high precision and high along-track resolution in the future.


NORMALIZED SPECTRAL BAND POWERS/VARIANCES ARE DERIVED MEASURES REFLECTING AUTONOMIC ACTIVITY, COMMONLY COMPUTED IN MANY HEART rate variability (HRV) data analysis software packages available to sleep researchers, particularly for the low-frequency (LF: often 0.04-0.15 Hz) and high-frequency (HF: often 0.15-0.40 Hz) spectral power/variance bands. The normalized (or normalized unit) spectral indices are usually defined as LFnu = LF / (LF + HF) and HFnu = HF / (LF + HF). Note that the normalized measures are derived or computed indices that are not directly estimated from the raw R-R interval data themselves but are computed as a second step after the initial statistical estimation of the power in the LF and HF bands of the HRV spectrum. Less commonly, the normalizing denominator includes the power/variance in the very low frequency (VLF: frequencies < 0.04 Hz.) band, eg, LFnu = LF/(VLF + LF + HF). Alternatively, the denominator may include power in regions of the spectrum above the HF band (VHF: often frequencies > 0.40 Hz.), eg, LFnu = LF/ (LF + HF + VHF), or power contributions from both the VLF and VHF bands, eg, LFnu = LF/(VLF + LF + HF + VHF). All 4 versions are "unitless" ratios, due to the cancellation of the units in the equation of definition (ms2 / ms2). This report will concentrate primarily on the characteristics of the indices defined using the first of these 4 forms, although similar arguments about the simplex structure of normalized measures are relevant to all 4 definitions. Another decision in the practical definition of normalized HRV spectral indices is whether to compute proportional (fractional) values or percentage values (proportion×100%). The discussion in this report will be with respect to normalized values expressed as proportions, but it should be obvious that exactly the same arguments bear on normalized spectral band power values expressed as percentages. The most common notational acronyms for the normalized spectral HRV measures used in the sleep research-relevant literature are based on the conventions of either adding a "nu" as a suffix (eg, LFnu, HFnu) or an "n" or a "%"as a prefix (eg, nLF, nHF, %LF, %HF). Some authors simply use the standard power band symbols (LF, HF) but make it clear in the narrative that the quantities have been normalized. Part of the appeal of the normalized spectral HRV measures is that the normalization process expresses the quantities on a more easily understood proportion (0-1) or percentage (0%-100%) scale basis. Normalization removes most of the very large withinand across-subject variability in the total raw HRV spectral power, which theoretically and empirically tends to follow a long-tailed right-skewed exponential statistical distribution. The range of the normalized values is strictly bounded, so within-and across-subject statistical averages of normalized spectral indices tend to have distributions that converge more quickly to normal distributions, than do the raw measured spectral band powers, as study sample sizes increase. Normalized HRV spectral indices often have much smaller coefficients of variation when evaluated in repeatability/reproducibility studies. Normalization also tends to produce values that are more exchangeable across different laboratories, research studies, and spectral analysis algorithms. Many of the differences in the computed band power that are related to the practical issues of spectral analysis block length, pseudo-sample interpolation density, zero padding, windowing, and algorithm family (eg, discrete/fast Fourier transform versus autoregressive model-based spectrum) are significantly mitigated by normalization. Searching several of the major online biomedical research citation databases (MEDLINE, CINAHL, BIOSIS) for the Interpretation of Normalized Spectral Heart Rate Variability Indices In Sleep Research: A Critical Review


An ingenious self-assembly method has been employed to achieve noncentered cyclic metal cages by integrating single and double pyrazinyl hydrazone ligands in the presence of an organo phosphonic acid. An even-numbered hexanuclear and an odd-numbered heptanuclear dysprosium(III) cluster, namely [Dy6(spch)6(O3PC10H7)2(pyra)2(MeOH)(H2O)]·8.5H2O [1, H2spch = (E)-N′-(2-hydroxybenzylidene)pyrazine-2-carbohydrazide, pyra = pyrazine-2-carboxylate] and [Dy7(eddc)2(spch)2(O3PC10H7)4(OAc)5(MeOH)4]·4MeOH [2, H2eddc = (E,E)-N′,N′′-(ethane-1,2-diylidene)bis(pyrazine-2-carbohydrazide)] have been synthesized successfully. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that compound 1 is composed of six identical [Dy2(spch)]4+ building blocks containing a single pyrazinyl hydrazone ligand of spch2– welded to each other to form a hexanuclear ring, whereas compound 2 possesses an enlarged skeleton with a heptanuclear ring made up of two [Dy3(eddc)]7+ and two [Dy2(spch)]4+ building blocks by virtue of the inclusion in the synthesis of double pyrazinyl hydrazone ligand eddc2–. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibit drastically distinct dynamic magnetic properties. Compound 1 shows a complex slow relaxation of the magnetization with two types of temperature dependence with energy barriers (Ueff) of 4.7 and 20.3 K and pre-exponential factors (τ0) of 9.1 × 10–5 and 2.6 × 10–6 s for the low- and high-temperature regimes, respectively, whereas compound 2 exhibits a two-step relaxation process (Ueff(1): 45.1 K, τ0(1): 4.4 × 10–7 s; Ueff(2): 48.7, τ0(2): 2.7 × 10–8 s) in the out-of-phase alternating current signals.


This study. concerns the Allegory of Divine Misericordia, a fresco painted in 1342 for the entrance hall of the Compagnia di Santa Maria delta Misericordia in Florence. It examines how the fresco functioned in part as at catechetical tool for members of the confraternity and their visitors. Through an analysis of the numerous inscriptions and the corresponding imagery that make up the fresco, this study demonstrates how the painting provided essential theological material for the confraternity members to read, memorize. and recite regularly.


The authors have been applying ECG gated NMR-CT to mainly patients with myocardial infarction (MI), and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Thirteen patients with MI, 8 with HCM and 5 without any heart diseases were studied by ECG gated NMR imaging (spin-echo technique, TR: depends on patient heart rate, TE: 35 and 70 msec.) with 0.35 T superconducting magnet. On NMR images (MRI), the authors examined the wall thickness, wall motion and T/sub 2/ relaxation time in the area of diseased myocardium. The lesions of old MI were depicted as the area of thin wall and T/sub 2/ relaxation time of those lesions were similar to the area of non-infarcted myocardium. The lesions of recent MI (up to 3.5 months from the recent attack) were shown as the same wall thickness as the non-infarcted myocardium and the area of prolonged T/sub 2/ relaxation time compared with that of non-infarcted myocardium. MRI demonstrated diffusely thick myocardium in all patients with HCM. T/sub 2/ relaxation time of the areas of HCM was almost the same as that of normal myocardium, and it's difference among each ventricular wall in patients with HCM was not statistically significant. The authors conclude that ECG gated NMR-CT offers 3-Dmore » morphological information of the heart without any contrast material nor radioisotopes. ECG gated MRI provides the useful informations to diagnose MI, especially in the differential diagnosis between old and recent MI.« less


Urban goods transport is one of the subjects decision makers have to take into account in the planning process. As they lack knowledge on this particular subject, they tend to underestimate the importance of urban goods movements on their territory. Through the example of "La Confluence" neighborhood in Lyon ( in progress since 2005 and including a shopping center, administrations, apartments...), this paper proposes to build a method of urban goods diagnosis for new urban district development; the main question being how urban goods modeling and simulation can help urban planners in their decisions. By building several scenarios in terms of urban planning, the target is to imagine an improved situation for urban projects through the needs in goods movements and implementing solutions linked to regulation, land-use and logistics including distribution centers, parking lots.... By applying a systemic view of the subject, this work will also take into account the major constraints of the urban system. This paper will include the comparison between the present situation of the presented case and the scenarios build through the previous steps of this method.


Two different approaches have been traditionally considered for dealing with the process of integrity constraints
enforcement: integrity checking and integrity maintenance. However, while previous research in the first approach has
mainly addressed efficiency issues, research in the second approach has been mainly concentrated in being able to
generate all possible repairs that falsify an integrity constraint violation. In this paper we address efficiency issues during
the process of integrity maintenance. In this sense, we propose a technique which improves efficiency of existing methods
by defining the order in which maintenance of integrity constraints should be performed. Moreover, we use also this
technique for being able to handle in an integrated way the integrity constraints


Abstract The liquid structure of acetonitrile (AN), propionitrile (PN), acrylonitrile (ACN), and benzonitrile (BN) was investigated by the transmission mode X-ray diffraction method with a newly developed CCD detector at room temperature and one atmospheric pressure. The nitriles were shielded in a thin wall glass tube. The reduced intensities, si(s), extracted from the measured intensities were compared with those obtained by the X-ray diffraction measurements with the θ–θ type reflection mode for benzonitrile and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) as the reference. In all the nitriles it was found that molecules are arrayed in the zigzag form as found in previous studies for AN. The non-bonding N···C (nitrile carbon) distance between the anti-parallel adjacent molecules was 340 pm for all nitriles. The intermolecular C···C distance between next neighbour molecules was 420 pm for CH2···CH2 in AN, 430 pm for CH3···CH3 in PN, 425 pm for CH···CH in ACN, and 390 pm for C6H5···C6H5 in BN. The short C6H5···C6H5 distance was explained in terms of the π–π stacking interactions of the aromatic rings. DMF molecules interact each other through dipole–dipole interactions, and the O···C distance of 320 pm at the O···H–CO– interaction through the formyl proton may partly contribute to the intermolecular interactions. The distance between parallel DMF molecules in a plane was estimated to be 743 pm. The diffraction data were well explained in terms of a weak layered structure of DMF, and the layers were separated by about 365 pm.


Rice has been identified as an important food security crop in Ghana. However, there is a production deficit and new technologies to reduce the deficit are not widely adopted. Although poor adoption by farmers' is often linked to constraints such as access to information, farmers' perceptions of the technologies are also important. We apply an advanced discrete choice experiment to evaluate farmers' preferences for rice production practices. Specifically, we generate willingness to pay (WTP) estimates using willingness to pay space (WS) and compare these with values from the indirect or preference space (PS) method. Our modelling also accounts for the effects on WTP estimates of farmers' stated attribute importance (SAI) information. Empirical results from WS and PS models reveal that on average, farmers value higher yields and are negatively affected by higher risk of crop failure and labour requirements. Comparing the performance of the two models, we find the WS model provides a superior fit to our data and reduces the likelihood of producing implausible WTP estimates. Further, SAI inclusion did not produce much variation in our WTP estimates.


This paper focuses on tag recommendation. In many tagging systems, tags are highly interdependent. Conventional methods do not exploit dependencies between tags when computing the relevance score of a candidate tag for a new resource. In this paper, we take into consideration the relationship between candidate tags and propose a Continuous Conditional Random Fields (CRF) model for tag recommendation, referred to as TR-CRF. Firstly, a feature vector is set up for each candidate tag, which contains tag co-occurrence information. Then a ranking model is trained with TR-CRF, and the ranking score represents the relevance between a candidate tag and a resource. With the use of this model, tags of a new resource are generated automatically according to their ranking scores. Experimental results on two real world tag recommendation tasks validate the effectiveness of our method.


The production of ultralow-sulfur diesel from light cycle oil (LCO) by hydrotreatment is promising. Unfortunately, hydrodesulfurization (HDS) of LCO is seriously inhibited by the coexistence of organic nitrogen and aromatic compounds during the hydrotreating process. It is of great interest to understand this inhibition confidently by simulations. In this study, the inhibition effects from both organonitrogen and aromatic compounds are simulated by a proposed system dynamics (SD) model for the first time. The axial profiles of the concentrations of organic sulfur, nitrogen, and aromatics in the hydrotreating reactor are predicted by the SD model. Impact factors for nitrogen and aromatic compounds respectively are used to characterize their inhibition effects. Studies were also conducted on the variation of the impact factors along the axial position of the hydrotreator. The simulation results of HDS, with consideration of the nitrogen and aromatic inhibition effects, are compared with published experiment...


A total of 150 breast milk samples obtained from Thai mothers of preterm and full-term infants during the 7th to 28th day of lactation and 60 samples of infant formulas obtained from local markets were analyzed for zinc copper and chromium concentrations using atomic absorption spectrophometry. The mean zinc concentration of breast milk and infant formulas were 1.9mg/liter and 2.9mg/liter respectively. The copper concentrations in breast milk and infant formulas were approximately 0.4mg per liter. The chromium concentrations were 0.08mg/liter and 0.07mg/liter from milk of mothers of full-term and preterm infants respectively while the chromium concentration of infant formulas was only 0.05mg/liter. This study indicates that the zinc and copper content of the infant formulas are not sufficient as daily requirement for the infants growth. (authors modified)


Knowledge sharing practices have been gaining much attention in organizations because of its contribution in optimizing organizations' competitiveness credibility. However, the lack of understanding in its process such as the content and contribution impedes knowledge sharing effectiveness. It has been argued that people management in knowledge management is important because knowledge is considerably personal. This study integrates Linstone's Multiple Perspectives Theory and Stewart's Human Resource Development Model into the framework of study. The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the human resource development and knowledge sharing practices in public universities in Malaysia. The research adopts the mixed method sequential approach using survey and interview. Questionnaires were e-mailed to academicians in 20 universities, while semi-structured interviews were conducted with top management and policy makers. The quantitative study investigated current knowledge sharing practices and identified their relationships with knowledge sharing factors. A total of 725 academicians responded to the questionnaires. The qualitative study further described the issues and challenges that arise and dominant factors that explain knowledge sharing practices which are identified in this study. Statistical tests show that knowledge sharing level is moderately practiced by academicians. The organizational factor has the highest relationship (r= 0.819, p= 0.001) to knowledge sharing practices. The moderator effect tested in this research only moderates the relationship between technological factors and knowledge sharing practices. The main issues and challenges in knowledge sharing practices are voluntarism, social interaction and knowledge sharing gap. The knowledge sharing awareness is influenced by factors other than self-efficacy namely religion and nation culture. The human resource development's current practices has not placed much emphasis on informal ways of learning and formal policy for knowledge sharing practices is not yet developed. Theoretical contributions from the research include the development of a theoretical model of human resource development and knowledge sharing framework of Malaysian academicians. Methodologically, the research illustrates the effectiveness use of a mixed method approach within the positivist research paradigm. The research highlights the central importance sharing practices among academicians in Malaysian public universities.


Abstract Some 1-arylamino-5-alkoxycarbonyl-1H-tetrazoles (III) were prepared, the key synthetic step being the 1,5-electrocyclic closure of C-azidoimines (II) under thionyl chloride catalysis.


The benzene±carbon disul®de 1:1 complex has been investigated by means of ab initio methods. The electronic structure and the relative orientational molecular preferences in this system could be determined. The complex geometry was optimized using a DZ2P basis set (double n plus double polarization basis). Energy corrections for electronic correlation using the second-order Mùller-Plesset perturbation theory (MP2) as well as for the basis set superposition error (BSSE) were applied. Calculations conduced to four minimum energy con®gurations between that proposed initially. The T-shaped structure, where the C1 rotation axis coincides with the benzene C6-axis, and the sandwich one, where the CS2 is slipped over the benzene C2-axis, passing between a C±C benzene bond were the most stable. The stabilization energy for these con®gurations was determined to be 0.519 and 0.541 kcal/mol, respectively. The results indicate the existence of weakly bound complexes between benzene and carbon disul®de for all the structures studied. Ó 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.


Through the scheme comparison,the paper chooses the scheme as follows:beating wood piles first,laying reinforced concrete plates on the piles as the base;then laying reinforced concrete stop logs on the base as the buttress;erecting steel aqueduct on the buttress to form the stop log buttress steel aqueduct.The scheme solves the irrigation questions for laying aqueduct on peat soil wetland,then the method would be used to solve the drought problem with simple,convenient and less cost.


Leaders of human service organizations (HSOs) face significant pressures from policymakers and funders to justify practices and ensure successful outcomes, an issue that has implications for social work practitioners and evidence-informed management practice. Although empirical research has advanced understanding of the factors that improve human service effectiveness and organizational improvement, considerable research-to-practice gaps exist and the use and translation of knowledge into regular management practice remain limited. This article concerns how social work research can link human service organizational and management research to practice more robustly. Authors describe challenges that affect the ability of managers in HSOs to use research to inform practice. The analysis of these challenges supports a research capacity-building agenda focusing on (a) the identification and application of new methods of organization and management science, (b) the fostering of closer connections between researchers and practitioners, and (c) the provision of institutional and organizational resources for applied human services research. This macro-level agenda is designed to enhance practice-based research among schools of social work and leading HSOs, and also strengthen researcher–practitioner linkages, with the goal of promoting the advancement and utilization of research evidence in HSOs.


the Editor, There are few current data on the use of clonidine (CLO) in children and adolescents with intellectual disability (ID) and other neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD). CLO is an alpha-2 receptor agonist. 1 It can be used in the attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) as a third-line pharmacotherapy in children and adolescent. 1 The rationale supposes that postsynaptic alpha-2-agonist stimulation regulates symptoms of hyperactivity, impulsivity, and inattention. 2,3 CLO has been reported to improve behavior disorders with ASD. 1 In this letter, we present a series of 7 patients with intellectual disabilities and/or other NDDs complicated with severe psychiatric comorbidities, treated and improved by CLO. All patients suffering from ID mild to profound (IQ from 54 to under 20) and other NDDs (ASD, genetic syndromic disorders, neurometabolic disorders, etc.) treated with CLO during hospitalization were included. ID was assessed by standardized psychometric tests: Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children (KABC-II), Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC), and Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WIPPSI) during or before hospitalization. Clinical improvement was based on clinical measures: the Clinical Global Impression Improvement scale (CGI-I) and the Children-Global Assessment Functioning (C-GAF) at entrance and at discharge. We classified and defined symptoms targeted


Plasma noise effects on the beat-wave resonance condition and the subsequent reduction of the accelerating electric field for the laser beat-wave accelerator are investigated. Plasma noise or turbulence causes the accelerating electric field to saturate at a reduced level \ensuremath{\epsilon}=${L}_{\mathrm{eff}/\mathrm{L}}$ of the ideal coherent accelerating field, where ${L}_{\mathrm{eff}}$ is the effective growth length for the plasma wave and L is the ideal growth length. When the noise parameter \ensuremath{\sigma}=〈(\ensuremath{\delta}n${)}^{2}$〉/${n}^{2}$ is above a threshold value, we find ${L}_{\mathrm{eff}\mathrm{\ensuremath{\simeq}}2\mathrm{c}/{\ensuremath{\omega}}_{p}^{2}{\ensuremath{\tau}}_{c}\mathrm{\ensuremath{\sigma}}}$, where ${\ensuremath{\tau}}_{c}$ is the correlation time of the noise spectrum along \ensuremath{\omega}=${\mathrm{kv}}_{p}$. Slower noise is less effective in limiting the plasma wave growth. For strong noise ${L}_{\mathrm{eff}}$ becomes shortened to the correlation length in the noise ${L}_{c}$=${v}_{p}$${\ensuremath{\tau}}_{c}$. In the case of slowly increasing mismatch in the beat-wave resonance condition, the effective growth length ${L}_{\mathrm{eff}}$ becomes the geometric mean of the density gradient scale length ${L}_{n}$ and the collisionless skin depth (${L}_{n}$c/${\ensuremath{\omega}}_{p}$${)}^{1/2}$. .AE


the clinical treatment of depression, sleep disorders, and anxiety. When it is compared to tricyclic antidepressants, it has a good clinical safety profile due to fewer side effects and a lower risk of cardiotoxicity. However, some experimental studies and case reports have shown that cardiovascular and arrhythmogenic side effects have occurred due to mianserin usage or overdosage.1-3 We report the case of a woman who was admitted for self-poisoning with mianserin, in which a first-degree AV block was detected via electrocardiogram (ECG).


In this paper, an atomic force microscope (AFM) observation is attempted for the surface structure of the cadmium arachidate Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) film. The measurement region is on the order of micrometers and the vertical resolution is on the order of nanometers for the deposited film surface of one to five layers. Different surface structures were observed in the LB films with the hydrophobic tail at the surface and those with the hydrophilic head at the surface. The LB films with the hydrophobic tail at the surface are stable. The molecular area derived from the molecular image of the AFM was identical to 0.2 nm2 estimated from the μ-A curve even if the deposition ratio is 0.7 to 0.8. There was no correlation between the surface orientation direction and the dipping direction.

The LB film with the hydrophilic head at the surface has an unstable layered structure. Although the surface structure immediately after deposition is a flat layer of monomolecular films, it changes easily to a step structure associated with the bilayer structure of cadmium arachidate. This structure is considered to be caused by local peeling off of the film molecules deposited on the substrate and deposition to the surface with the hydrophilic head. The structural change observed by the AFM was in good agreement with the one due to the overturning model proposed by Honig.


[Objective] To implement comprehensive evaluation on quality of catering service and food safety administration in export processing zone of Kunshan City before and after management mode of food safety related data record and commitment,and provide reference for carrying out catering service and food safety administration well in the future.[Methods]Osculating value method was adopted to evaluate the quality of catering service and food safety administration in export processing zone .Results of health examination,supervision coverage,tableware monitoring,etc were standardized.The quality change of catering service and food safety administration in export processing zone before and after management mode of food safety related data record and commitment was analyzed.[Results]Osculating value C2010C2009C2008C2007.After implementation of management mode,the quality of catering service and food safety administration was significantly better than before.[Conclusion]Osculating value method has great potential in application.Record and commitment system has changed the previous fuzzy consumption of workers,has improved the holding rate of collective meal delivery permit and health certificate,and has effectively curbed food safety hazards.


What can each country learn from this? How can economic crises be effectively avoided? When an economic crisis occurs, what can be done to avoid adopting the wrong policies? This paper is based on the economic crisis that occurred in Japan in the 1990s because of the rapid appreciation of the Japanese yen following the signing of the Plaza Agreement. The paper is divided into four sections to analyze the Japanese economic crisis of 1990. It describes the following questions: what led to the crisis in Japan; what impact the crisis had on Japan; what methods the Japanese government used during the crisis and what lessons the crisis brought; what each country can learn from it; and whether they can do better than the Japanese government did when it faced the economic crisis in 1990. Through the study, this paper finds that the Japanese government in 1990 did not immediately deal with and make adjustment plans when faced with the crisis. Secondly, it maintained an optimistic attitude. This is what led to the creation of the economic crisis. And this economic crisis pressed the pause button on Japan, which was growing at a fast pace, and stagnated the Japanese economy for 10 years. The effects of Japan's high ageing population and high divorce rate in that period continue to this day and seriously affect a country's economic development.


Three experiments demonstrate that the simultaneous introduction of two brand extensions can have a positive influence on their evaluations independently of parent–extension similarity. This "synergy" effect occurs when the extensions are complementary (e.g., a digital camera and a digital photo printer) but is not evident when they belong to the same category (two models of digital cameras) or to unrelated categories (a digital camera and a snowboard). In addition, the effect is restricted to extension products that are introduced by the same manufacturer. Finally, it occurs only among participants who are promotion focused and therefore are disposed to consider the benefits of owning the extensions rather than the disadvantages of doing so. These and other results suggest that the synergy effect is due to the appeal of completing a set of related products from the same manufacturer rather than the physical or functional similarity of their features to those of either the parent or each other.


Let $D$ be a regular closed set in the open subspace $G \subset \mathbb{R}^{n} R$ and $C^{m} (D)$ be the space of functions $f|_{D}$ such that $f \in C^{m} (G)$. The representation formulas for locally defined operators mapping $C^{m} (D)$ into $C^{0} (D)$ and into $C^1 (D)$ are given.


SZOMBATHOVÁ, N., ELIÁŠ, P. JNR, DÍTĚ, D., MACÁK, M. 2008. Soil properties and vegetation on saline-sodic soil in the Nature Reserve Mostová. Folia oecol., 35: 60–66. The objective of this study was soil-oriented and phytosociological characterization of the saline area in the Nature Reserve (NR) Mostová located in the north-western part of the Danube lowland, Slovakia. A soil pit was trenched into the salt pan covered by a degraded community of Camphorosmetum annuae. The community occupying the most salinized plots was fairly frequent in the past, today, however, it is very rare in Slovakia. Soil morphology, physical and chemical parameters were analysed for the whole soil profile containing salt pan, and the chemical properties also for humus horizon (SAe) under the saline growth. We have found that the studied soil was compacted and it had unfavourable aggregate composition of SAe horizon. Aggregate disintegration could be due to prevailing Na+, which moreover caused a strongly alkaline reaction. Capillary raise of water was documented by dynamic of carbonates, percentage of water-soluble salts and colloids, the amount of which increased in topsoil. The results showed 3 times higher content of NaCl, 1.7 times higher electrical conductivity, 1.5 times higher sodium adsorption ratio, 1.3 times higher exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) and by 0.6 higher pH values in the SAe horizon containing salt pan compared with SAe horizon under the saline growth. The humus content and quality was low. Based on pH values (ranging 10.57–9.91), ESP (58.7–43.0%) and electrical conductivity of solution (7,000–4,200 μS cm-1) we classified the studied soils as Sodic Solonchacks. The obtained results can contribute to better knowledge on ecology of saline soils in Slovakia and the Danube lowland.


PURPOSE
This study aimed to investigate the effect of social interaction and depression on smartphone addiction among Korean female adolescents.

METHODS
This study is a secondary analysis of the data from the Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey, a national survey conducted by the National Youth Policy Institute In Korea in 2018. The data of 1185 female adolescents was analyzed. Binary logistic regression was performed between smartphone addiction and depression, parenting behavior, peer interaction and teacher interaction.

FINDINGS
Proportion of risk users was 24.9%. Depression, coercive parenting attitude, negative peer relationship, and trust/sensitivity/accessibility in teacher relationship predicted smartphone addiction.

CONCLUSIONS
This study emphasizes the necessity of smartphone addiction prevention programs to lower depression levels and approach adolescents' parents, friends, and teachers.


This thesis gives a new, additional structure for the Lie algebra of derivations of free Lie algebras. The new structure arises from actions of a classical algebra known as the Schur algebra. The thesis gives additional structure for (i) the Schur algebras, (ii) their action on the Lie algebra of derivations of a free Lie algebra, and (iii) the operad structures constructed from the Schur algebras and their subalgebras which act on the Lie algebra of derivations of a free Lie algebra. In addition, the entire Lie algebra of derivations is shown to be generated by quadratic derivations together with the action of the Schur operad. Applications to (1) certain subgroups of the automorphism group of a finitely generated free group are given as well as to (2) comparisons of two intensively studied filtrations on these groups.


We introduce a one-parameter family of random infinite quadrangulations of the half-plane, which we call the uniform infinite half-planar quadrangulations with skewness (UIHPQ$_p$ for short, with $p\in[0,1/2]$ measuring the skewness). They interpolate between Kesten's tree corresponding to $p=0$ and the usual UIHPQ with a general boundary corresponding to $p=1/2$. As we make precise, these models arise as local limits of uniform quadrangulations with a boundary when their volume and perimeter grow in a properly fine-tuned way, and they represent all local limits of (sub)critical Boltzmann quadrangulations whose perimeter tend to infinity. Our main result shows that the family (UIHPQ$_p$)$_p$ approximates the Brownian half-planes BHP$_\theta$, $\theta\geq 0$, recently introduced in Baur, Miermont, and Ray (2016). For $p<1/2$, we give a description of the UIHPQ$_p$ in terms of a looptree associated to a critical two-type Galton-Watson tree conditioned to survive.


The literary term 'stream of consciousness' is narrative technic, a method of narrative representation, and became permanent psychologically object. The actuality has been established on the very ambivalent process of the recipient who deliberately made the choice of the be distant and isolated from the public stream, but the same time. in the contact with this kind of narrative, he is in searching for the help from the linear (NON-LINEAR) communications form. This study aims to trace the "movement" of respondents' emotions connected with the implementation of the narrative. It searches for the regulation of emotions, depending on the form of presentation of the subject. Tracking takes place on the one hand as a comparison between nonlinear and linear /factual/ presentation stigmatized subject. On the other side, to respondents is set to tell things they remember from linear performance in "First person form". In all three cases, respondents indicate the degree of test emotions. There has been a significant change in the emotions of anger, fear, sadness and serenity. Anger, fear and sadness are reduced in the case of a kind experience in the subject, "First person form". Tranquility on the other hand is experienced most strongly in cases where the subject is represented by stream of consciousness. The study aims to reveal the dynamics of emotions depending on how the person in terms of social exclusion is presented. The approach aims sketching a strategy for reducing negative emotions directed towards stigmatized groups.


In recent years we have witnessed the naturalization of many alien species of Asteraceae in Taiwan. In this report we document the recent naturalization of the Neotropical Austroeupatorium inulifolium (Kunth) R. M. King & H. Rob. at 1,300-1,400m altitudes in the Central Mountain Range of Taiwan. We provide a description, a line drawing, and photographs to aid in identification.


We introduce a novel methodology for establishing the presence of standing accretion shock instabilities (SASI) in the dynamics of a core collapse supernova from the observed neutrino event rate at water- or ice-based neutrino detectors. The methodology uses a likelihood ratio in the frequency domain as a test-statistics; it is also employed to assess the potential to estimate the frequency and the amplitude of the SASI modulations of the neutrino signal. The parameter estimation errors are consistent with the minimum possible errors as evaluated from the inverse of the Fisher information matrix, and close to the theoretical minimum for the SASI amplitude. Using results from a core-collapse simulation of a 15 solar-mass star by Kuroda et al. [Astrophys. J. 851, 62 (2017).] as a test bed for the method, we find that SASI can be identified with high confidence for a distance to the supernova of up to $\ensuremath{\sim}6\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{kpc}$ for IceCube and up to $\ensuremath{\sim}3\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{kpc}$ for a 0.4 Mt mass water Cherenkov detector. This methodology will aid the investigation of a future galactic supernova.


Modification of Pectin as natural polymer was accepted as new bio adhesive polymer, which was grafted with Maleic anhydride as vinylic monomore and insertion by using ceric ion it, was substituted with amino drugs produced amide polymer which do not lose their biological properties. This design carries controlled delivery which could release the entrapped drug over an extended period of time due to its slow digesting nature. The prepared adhesive drug polymer was characterized by FTIR, 1H-NMR spectroscopes, thermo gravimetric analysis TGA and DSC were careful. Physical properties of prepared polymer was quiet, Biological activity was studied for adhesive drug polymer, this new adhesive drug biological polymers were applied on different infected mice and wounds, It gave outstanding results and compliance mice infected with a full recovery by a short period of time.  The prepared drug copolymer was analyzed in different pH values at 37 0C in vitro study and controlled drug release was messured through three days. The rate of hydrolysis in basic medium was found higher than acidic medium. It was concluded that modified drug release with extended drug action via slow release and in vivo performance was renowned to be talented.
 Keywords: Pectin, controlled delivery, adhesive drug polymers, Graft Copolymer


This study discusses the appropriate method to be applied in a presence system using faces by comparing two deep learning architectural models, they are FaceNet and Openface. FaceNet is a model developed by Google researchers that has the highest accuracy in face recognition. While Openface is a development from FaceNet that is trained with smaller datasets but has an accuracy that is almost equal to FaceNet. This will start by taking the employee's face into an image dataset. From the dataset, the face preprocessing will be performed by detecting, cropping, and resizing the face. Then extracting facial features into 128 dimensions using the FaceNet and Openface. With the Support Vector Machine (SVM), the classification of facial features will be carried out to obtain accuracy. To validate the model, 5 fold cross-validations are used. FaceNet accuracy results that obtained are higher with perfect accuracy that is 100%, while Openface only 93.33% accuracy. The implementation using the model with the highest accuracy (FaceNet) has the same results as the model testing that is 100% using the introduction threshold probability of 0.25.


In the history of mankind,human beings created various ethnic cultures in an immense variety of survival environments.The various ethnic cultures are the precious items in the human treasure house of wisdom.To protect the cultures is conducive to the human survival environment and is important to help stop the deterioration of survival environment.


Objective: To investigate the expressions of PTEN and Bim in human normal endometrial cells cultured in vitro.Methods: Fresh endometrial specimens which were histologically normal were collected from 10 patients with uterine myoma and digested by trypsin.The primary endometrial cells were cultured and passaged.The expressions of cell surface receptor,PTEN,and Bim were determined by qualitative,site-specific,and simiquantitative immunocytochemistry.Results: The expressions of estrogen and progesterone receptors,PTEN,and Bim were found in all the endometrial cells.Conclusion: Endometrial cells cultured in vitro maintain normal biological characteristics,and PTEN,Bim,and estrogen and progesterone receptors are not lost.


We use Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 5 photometry and spectroscopy to study a tidal stream that extends over ∼ 50 • in the North Galactic Cap. From the analysis of the path of the stream and the colors and magnitudes of its stars, the stream is ∼ 20 +7 −5 kpc away at its nearest detection (the celestial equator). We detect a distance gradient – the stream is farther away from us at higher declination. The contents of the stream are made up from a predominantly old and metal-poor population that is similar to the globular clusters M13 and M92. The integrated absolute magnitude of the stream stars is estimated to be M r ∼ −7.5. There is tentative evidence for a velocity signature, with the stream moving at ∼ −40 kms −1 at low declinations and ∼ +100 kms −1 at high declinations. The stream lies on the same great circle as Complex A, a roughly linear association of HI high velocity clouds stretching over ∼ 30 • on the sky, and as Ursa Major II, a recently discovered dwarf spheroidal galaxy. Lying close to the same great circle are a number of anomalous, young and metal-poor globular clusters, including Palomar 1 and Ruprecht 106. 1. INTRODUCTION The Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) (York et al. 2000) is an imaging and spectroscopic survey that has now mapped over 1/4 of the sky. It has already proven to be a powerful tool for the identification of Galactic substructure. For example, Newberg et al. (2002) and Yanny et al. (2003) identified a ring at low Galactic latitude, often called " the Monoceros Ring ". It spans over 100 • in the sky (see also Ibata et al. 2003; Rocha-Pinto et al. 2003), but its progenitor remains unclear (Penarrubia et al. 2005). Odenkirchen et al. (2001) used SDSS data to find the spectacular 10 • tidal tails around the sparse and disrupting Galactic globular cluster Pal 5. More recently still, Belokurov et al. (2006a) found 4.5 • tails around the high-latitude globular cluster NGC 5466, while Grillmair & Dionatos (2006) discovered a 63 • tail that presumably arises from a so far unidentified globular cluster. The best known example of a stream is the tidally stripped stars and globular clusters associated with the Sagittarius dwarf spheroidal. A panorama of the the Sagittarius stream in the Northern hemisphere was recently obtained …


A novel heterojunction phototransistor using a uni-travelling carrier photodiode structure in the base and collector layers is proposed and fabricated. A 5×5 µm optical detection area device shows an optical gain cutoff frequency of 52 GHz and an optical gain of 37 dB at 1 GHz.


Representational structures in psychopathology children's awareness and lack of awareness in mind and emotion embodied meanings, cognition and emotion - probing how three are one expressed emotion - a developmental perspective emotion, cognition and representation - the interpersonal domain self-discrepancies and developmental shifts in vulnerability - life transitions in the regualtory significance of others attachment theory and developmental psychopathology emotional regulation - its relations to attachment and developmental psychopathology marital interaction with child outcomes - a longitudinal study of meditating and moderating processes attachment and generalized anxiety disorder attachment, borderline states, and the representation of emotions and cognitions in self and other.


PURPOSE: To calibrate a vector modulator by incorporating a phase shift means for relatively adjusting the phases of the I and Q components of modulated RF carrier wave in a standard vector modulating circuit. CONSTITUTION: Output power in the selected frequency of an RF signal which is outputted from an antenna 48 is measured by a narrow-band power meter 52. The output of the narrow-band power meter 52 is impressed on a measurement processor 54. Here, arbitrary amplitudes of I and Q signals and prescribed correction with respect to the phase difference are calculated. The correcting signal is transmitted to an I/Q coder 12, and the calibration or adjustment of a modulating system is executed. By this kind of adjustment, the amplitude of the vector modulator is balanced. COPYRIGHT: (C)1994,JPO


We investigate persistent currents in metallic rings interrupted by a Coulomb blockaded topological superconducting segment. We show that the presence of Majorana bound states in the superconductor is reflected in the emergence of an h/e harmonics in the persistent current, whose sign is determined by the fermion parity of the superconductor. The Majorana bound states further render the current finite at zero flux, nevertheless the resulting peculiar symmetry of the persistent current is compatible with a free energy that is even in time-reversal symmetry breaking fields. These unique features of the persistent currents are robust against disorder and provide unambiguous signatures of the presence of Majorana fermions. PACS numbers: 74.78.Na,73.23.Ra,74.45.+c,03.65.Vf Several recent experiments have reported features in transport [1–4] and Josephson spectroscopy [5] that have varying degrees of consistency with the presence of Majorana states [6]. The experimental setups are all based on the nanowire implementation of Kitaev's chain [7] proposed in Refs. [8, 9]. The presence of Majorana fermions in such systems manifests itself in a zero-bias peak in the tunneling conductance into the nanowire [10, 11] and by a doubling of the periodicity of the Josephson current in the superconducting phase difference [7, 12, 13]. These features were observed in Refs. [1–5]. Other signatures of Majorana states in transport interferometry have also been theoretically investigated [11, 14–16]. Motivated by these experimental reports, a number of theoretical works have pointed out that zero-bias peaks in the tunneling conductance may also occur in the topologically trivial phase [17–19]. Their observation is therefore not sufficient to demonstrate the presence of a Majorana state. Moreover, Ref. [20] showed that a doubling of the periodicity of the Josephson current as reported in the AC Josephson setup of Ref. [5] may also occur due to Landau-Zener transitions between standard Andreev bound states. Despite a slowly growing body of evidence in favor of the presence of Majorana states in nanowires, a smoking gun experiment is still missing. The consensus at this point is that only a zero-bias tunneling conduc


TCP/UDP/IP and Ethernet have become undisputed leaders of network communication since last decade. TCP/IP stacks are usually implemented in operating system software and packets are handled by the main (host) processor due to which protocol processing of incoming and outgoing network traffic consumes processor cycle. Usually in the application of data transfer, there are several copies of data from user space, kernel space and then NIC which are one of the most CPU hungry operations and hog the CPU upto 80-85%, add latency, consume memory bus bandwidth, and require host processor (CPU) intervention. Zero-copy describes computer operations in which the CPU does not perform the task of copying data from one memory area to another. Using this concept, good data transfer speed can be achieved. If an application has the capability to directly build over the wire data, without kernel intervention, multiple copies could be avoided. The data transfer speed can be increased if kernel is bypassed. The kernel can be bypassed if the application itself can do the functions done by kernel. This can be achieved by providing a separate functionality in the application that performs the task of appending header and checksum. Thus the packet generated by this can directly be sent over the wire. Also every Ethernet card has multiple tx rings amongst which many are not used in most cases. Some of these unused tx rings can be exported to some special purpose application to reduce the copy overhead.


The following theses describes the issues of large volumes of spatial data in relation to their storage. Theoretical part includes the individual options of storing the spatial data. It also captures the criteria that are necessary to take into account when implementing the solution of bulk storage of spatial data. On the basis of the selected criteria, the work focuses on one selected solution, which is tested and configured at the university computer cluster to achieve the best possible results while in the process of storing.


The mining area of Cartagena – La Union has been object of an intense exploitation for more than 2,500 years. In recent time in the second half of the XIX century and the fi rst of the XIX century mining activity was realized by underground galleries, but during second half of the XX century the exploitation was carried out to opencast, with an important earthwork, summarized in more than 360 million tons, of which 315 correspond to remainders. At the present time, the mining activity is inactive, but enormous amounts of mineral wastes exist (pyrite, galena and blende), that by their unstable characteristics and size of particles are easily mobilized, as much by the action of the wind like by the run-off waters. The heavy mineral contents of these remainders, specially of zinc and lead, are turned into possible polluting agents of the atmosphere and grounds of the adjacent areas. It is tried to evaluate the amount of mobilized material by the wind and the water, through collectors adapted for both erosive agents (aeolian and water erosion) and to determine the amount of heavy metals that are transported by the wind or run-off waters.


Context. Many aspects of the design trade-off of a space-based instrument and its performance can best be tackled through simulations of the expected observations. The complex interplay of various noise sources in the course of the observations make such simulations an indispensable part of the assessment and design study of any space-based mission. Aims. We present a formalism to model and simulate photometric time series of CCD images by including models of the CCD and its electronics, the telescope optics, the stellar field, the jitter movements of the spacecraft, and all of the important natural noise sources. Methods. This formalism has been implemented in a versatile end-to-end simulation software tool, specifically designed for the PLATO (Planetary Transists and Oscillations of Stars) space mission to be operated from L2, but easily adaptable to similar types of missions. We call this tool Plato Simulator. Results. We provide a detailed description of several noise sources and discuss their properties in connection with the optical design, the allowable level of jitter, the quantum efficiency of the detectors, etc. The expected overall noise budget of generated light curves is computed, as a function of the stellar magnitude, for different sets of input parameters describing the instrument properties. The simulator is offered to the scientific community for future use.


1 Abstract The objective oil field is located offshore south Gabon. It was discovered in 1969 and first put it on production in 1980. The present operator bought 90% of the field in 1994. To date, under primary recovery, only 6% of the currently estimated STOIIP has been recovered. Heterogeneity of the deposits and poor reservoir quality as a result of diagenetic alteration upon burial are the main reasons for the low production rates.The objective oil field is located offshore south Gabon. It was discovered in 1969 and first put it on production in 1980. The present operator bought 90% of the field in 1994. To date, under primary recovery, only 6% of the currently estimated STOIIP has been recovered. Heterogeneity of the deposits and poor reservoir quality as a result of diagenetic alteration upon burial are the main reasons for the low production rates. The main goal of this study was to investigate how production in this underperforming reservoir could be improved. For this purpose a detailed geologic model was developed for the B-area of the field. Then the performance of a hypothetical well with a horizontal trajectory into a selected target layer was analyzed. Literature studies pointed out that the oil-bearing Melania sands were deposited in a rifting phase preceding the opening of the South Atlantic Ocean. Seismic interpretation was performed by the present operator and indicated that the Melania Formation is nowadays found in a series of rotated fault blocks. The Top Melania Reservoir surface that was interpreted by the present operator is used in this study. With the help of spectral analyses on gamma ray log curves a tentative well correlation was established. The oil-bearing Upper Melania Unit was hereby subdivided into three subunits: A, B and C. Petrophysical analysis of wireline logs provided clay volume, porosity, water saturation and permeability curves. Based on the interpreted surfaces and the petrophysical evaluation, a 3D static model of the Upper Melania Unit was created. This model included several property grids. Literature studies on sedimentation in half-grabens and the results of seismic interpretation, well correlation and petrophysical analyses lead to a plausible geologic model. The Upper Melania Unit is thought to comprise amalgating fan deltas or turbidite fan lobes, or a combination of these. Sub-aqueous channels transported most sediment into the area from at least two principal directions. Syn-sedimentary tectonic movement probably occurred during deposition. From production data and perforation information the state of depletion in sub-unit A was analyzed. Based on the depletion analysis and the developed geologic model a 1000 m long horizontal well was proposed in sub-unit A. A more detailed near horizontal well was suggested based on a 3D porosity model. The production of this hypothetical well was analytically estimated at 2492 bbls/d. Its vertical counterpart is assessed to produce 725 bbls/d. The horizontal well turned out to be superior to any kind of hydraulically fractured vertical well. Because it is drilled in the direction of least horizontal stress, multiple production-increasing transverse fractures can be initiated along the horizontal wellbore.


The invention relates to a vacuum pumping system for die cavities of die-casting dies. The vacuum pumping system solves the technical problem that the vacuum pumping cost of an existing die cavity is high. The vacuum pumping system comprises a plurality of die-casting dies, wherein a feeding passage, a Y-shaped vacuum pumping passage, a branch pipe, a vacuum cylinder barrel, a main pipe, a vacuum tank and a vacuum pumping device are arranged on each die-casting die, a piston body is arranged in each vacuum pumping cylinder barrel in a sliding mode, each piston rod is connected with a driving mechanism, a vacuum stop valve is arranged between each vacuum pumping passage and the corresponding feeding passage, a main pipe electronic control valve is connected onto each main pipe, a branch pipe electronic control valve and a first one-way valve are respectively connected onto each branch pipe, and a second one-way valve is arranged between each die cavity and the corresponding vacuum pumping cylinder barrel. The vacuum pumping system for the die cavities of the die-casting dies has the advantages that the cost is low, one vacuum pump can realize vacuum pumping of a plurality of die cavities, the vacuum is pumped in a double-choice mode, the vacuum pumping difficulty is low, and molten metal is unlikely to enter vacuum pipelines.


The paper describes the bicriteria discrete optimization problem, that may occur during the scheduling of multiunit construction projects. The multiunit project involves the construction of many civil structures with the same sets of activities needed, but different in size. In the project the deadlines of activities in units are adopted. The missing of them by the contractor causes the payment of the disincentive penalty. The early completion of the activities in units is rewarded extra income for the construction contractor i.e. a incentive bonus. Changing the order of the execution of the units changes the value of the objective functions: the duration of the project and the cost (the sum of the disincentive penalties and incentive bonuses). The proposed model of the project is the bicriteria NP-hard flow shop problem with constraints characteristic for construction projects. The paper presents the method of determining the set of Paretooptimal solutions for small projects. The computational example of the model of the project is also included in the paper.


Summary The effects of ingested Salmonella enteritidis (SE) dose on incubation period and on the severity and duration of illness were estimated in a cohort of 169 persons who developed gastroenteritis after eating hollandaise sauce made from grade–A shell eggs. The cohort was divided into three groups based on self–reported dose of sauce ingested. As dose increased, median incubation period decreased (37 h in the low exposure group 21 h in the medium exposure group v. 17·5 h. in the high exposure group, P = 0.006) and greater proportions reported body aches (71 v. 85 v. 94%, P = 0.0009) and vomiting (21 v. 56 v. 57%, P = 0.002). Among 118 case-persons who completed a follow–up questionnaire, increased dose was associated with increases in median weight loss in kilograms (3.2 v. 4.5 v. 5.0, P = 0.0001), maximum daily number of stools (12.5 v. 15.0 v. 20.0, P = 0.02), subjective rating of illness severity (P = 0.0007), and the number of days of confinement to bed (3.0 v. 6.5, P = 0.04). In this outbreak, ingested dose was an important determinant of the incubation period, symptoms and severity of acute salmonellosis.


A Monte Carlo simulation model which combines ion backscattering and sputtering of solids with transport of emitted particles in the scrape-off layer plasma is developed for the study of the plasma-wall interaction in magnetic confinement fusion devices. The emphasis is put on the precise understanding of ionization and redeposition processes of backscattered and sputtered particles. In the model, Maxwellian ion-solid interaction, ionization of backscattered and sputtered neutral particles in the plasma, and gyromotion of the ionized particles in an oblique magnetic field are included. The heavier masses (lower charge states and lower energies) the particles have, the more they are redeposited. Due to impact of carbon ions on carbon and tungsten, therefore, less backscattered carbon is redeposited, whereas most of the sputtered tungsten atoms are redeposited. The redeposition causes substantially lower effective sputtering yields and a decrease in low-energy component of the sputtered atoms.


This paper presents a hybrid two-point modulator for high data rate modulation. The two-point modulator utilizes a phase selection circuit with a high-frequency ΔΣ modulator (DSM) in low-pass modulation to achieve fine resolution for delay mismatch calibration. For high-pass modulation, a separate multi-bit path is designed for a digitally-controlled oscillator (DCO) in addition to the loop control path. A finite impulse response (FIR) filter is introduced in the high-pass modulation path to suppress quantization noise, while offering time-interleaving operation to mitigate the DCO sensitivity for each switching time. The proposed modulator is implemented in 65nm CMOS. Experimental results show that the modulator can achieve 10Mb/s GFSK modulation with the fine time resolution of 138ps.


Two new copper 2-pyrazinecarboxylate (2-pzc) coordination polymers incorporating [Mo8O26]4- and [V10O28H4]2- anions were synthesized and structurally characterized:  Cu4(2-pzc)4)(H2O)8(Mo8O26)·2H2O (1) and Cu3(2-pzc)4(H2O)2(V10O28H4)·6.5H2O (2). Crystal data:  1, monoclinic, space group P21/n, a = 11.1547(5) A, b = 13.4149(6) A, c = 15.9633(7) A, β = 90.816(1)°; 2, triclinic, space group P1, a = 10.5896(10) A, b = 10.7921(10) A, c = 13.5168(13) A, α = 104.689(2)°, β = 99.103(2)°, γ = 113.419(2)°. Compound 1 contains {Cu(2-pzc)(H2O)2} chains charge-balanced by [Mo8O26]4- anions. In compound 2, layers of {Cu3(2-pzc)4(H2O)2} form cavities that are filled with [V10O28H4]2- anions. The magnetic properties of both compounds are described.


Two currently popular porous-coated tibial plates, made of cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloy, were tested in cantilever-bend fatigue loading to determine the fatigue integrity of these plates under partially unsupported invivo conditions. The test method was carefully established based on an in vitro strain gage analysis using an embalmed cadaver tibia. Fatigue test loads were selected, based on results of the cadaver study, to represent knee forces in excess of six times the body weight of a 91-kg (200-lb) person. Results showed both types of tibial plates to be capable of withstanding more than 10 million cycles under these extreme cantilever-bend fatigue load conditions.


Genetic diversity of 80 high-protein soybeans varieties from China were analyzed by using 47 pairs of SSR primer.The results showed that 309 alleles were produced by 47 pairs of SSR primer.The average allelic richness of polymorphic loci was 6.57.The index of genetic diversity ranged from 0.2796 to 0.8694 with an average value of 0.6390.The genetic similarity coefficients among all high protein varieties ranged from 0.102 to 0.150.It indicated that there actually existed suf-ficient genetic diversity among the high protein varieties.Cluster analysis results showed that 80 materials were classified into 5 groups by using the UPGMA method according to the genetic similarity coefficients,and the cluster pattern was correlated with the geographical distribution of the high protein soybean varieties to some degree.


Objective To evaluate the usefulness of speckle tracking imaging(STI) for assessment of systemic right ventricle (RV) function in patients with acute inferior myocardial infarction(MI) and the changes 7 days after percutaneous coronary interventions(PCI).Methods Two-dimensional imaging at the four chamber view was obtained with tracing of the entire RV endocardial border in 44 patients with acute inferior MI and 50 healthy volunteers.Peak longitudinal systolic strain and strain rate (S,SR)in six RV segment included the basal,mid,and apical segments of the RV free wall and septum.And thirty patients reexamined 7 days after PCI.Results The S values in the base and mid segmental of RV free wall and all segments of right septum were significantly lower in patients with acute inferior MI( P <0.05).But the SR values only decreased in mid segment of right septum.Except the apical parts of RV free wall and right septum,the S values of others segmental were significantly improved( P <0.05) 7 days after PCI.But the SR values had no changes( P >0.05).Conclusions STI is a new and useful technology for assessment of RV function in acute inferior MI and the RV function can be improved by emergency PCI.

Key words:
Echocardiography;  Myocardial infarction;  Angioplasty, transluminal, percutaneous coronary;  Ventricle function, right


We have developed a miniature electron ion coincidence (EICO) analyzer mounted on a conflat flange with an outer diameter of 114 mm. It consists of a cylindrical mirror analyzer (CMA), a time-of-flight ion mass spectrometer (TOF-MS), a commercially available linear motion feedthrough, and a tilt adjustment mechanism. Each sample surface was irradiated by synchrotron radiation, and the energies of emitted electrons were analyzed and detected by the CMA, while desorbed ions were collected by the TOF-MS in coincidence with the electrons. The performance of the EICO analyzer was tested by measuring the Auger-electron H+ photo ion coincidence spectrum of condensed water at 4a_1 ← O 1s resonance.


Summary. The Malagasy forms gracilis (Madagascar) and griveaudi (Comoro Islands) of African Palm Swift Cypsiurus parvus have very different vocalisations (short insect-like single buzzy notes and occasional drawn-out rising buzzes) from mainland African taxa (twitters and staccato notes, the former sometimes in longer series). They also have heavier dark markings on the throat and upper breast, paler bellies and distinctly shorter tail extensions. These characters in combination are here considered to demarcate the Malagasy forms as a species, Madagascar Palm Swift C. gracilis, separate from both the remaining taxa of C. parvus and Asian Palm Swift C. balasiensis.


Chitosan/bentonite composites (CSBT) prepared by physical gelation were tested for the adsorption of Cr (VI) from aqueous solutions in this work. The composites were prepared at a mass ratio from 2 : 1 to 1 : 2, and a composite of 1 : 1 was found to be most suitable for efficient Cr (VI) removal. The influencing parameters, including temperature, adsorbent dose, and pH, were statistically optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) for the removal of Cr (VI). The pH was found to be the limiting factor during the adsorption process, and under the optimal conditions, namely, adsorbent dose of 400 mg/L,

 pH
 =
 3

 , and temperature of 298 K, 87.61% Cr (VI) would be removed expectantly. The mechanism of Cr (VI) removal by CSBT was discussed, and the protonation of amino groups on chitosan followed by the combination of -NH3+ and anionic hexavalent chromium was the primary driving force. In addition, the removal of Cr (VI) onto CSBT was monolayer adsorption with a maximum adsorption capacity of 133.85 mg/g by the Langmuir isotherm. CSBT follows a pseudosecond-order kinetic model, and within 1.5 h, adsorption was observed to reach equilibrium. The calculated thermodynamic functions clarified that the adsorption process was exothermic and spontaneous below 312.60 K. CSBT could be regenerated after desorption by 0.5 mol/L NaOH solutions and exhibited superior reusability after six cycles. This study demonstrated composites of chitosan/bentonite as eco-friendly bioadsorbents for the removal of Cr (VI) from aqueous environments.


We study unitary property testing, where a quantum algorithm is given query access to a black-box unitary and has to decide whether it satisfies some property. In addition to containing the standard quantum query complexity model (where the unitary encodes a binary string) as a special case, this model contains"inherently quantum"problems that have no classical analogue. Characterizing the query complexity of these problems requires new algorithmic techniques and lower bound methods. Our main contribution is a generalized polynomial method for unitary property testing problems. By leveraging connections with invariant theory, we apply this method to obtain lower bounds on problems such as determining recurrence times of unitaries, approximating the dimension of a marked subspace, and approximating the entanglement entropy of a marked state. We also present a unitary property testing-based approach towards an oracle separation between $\mathsf{QMA}$ and $\mathsf{QMA(2)}$, a long standing question in quantum complexity theory.


The present invention provides for a pet feeding apparatus comprising of removable pet feeding containers placed on a holding device. Removal of the feeding containers allows them to be easily cleaned and disinfected in either convenient means such as a dishwasher or such other means available for the same purpose. The feeding containers and the holding device are coated elastomerically to avoid movement or displacement of the feeding containers or the apparatus itself thereby preventing spillage of food, water or such other liquids thereof. Due to resistance to movement, unwanted noise otherwise generated between the feeding containers and the holding device is prevented.


We present a variable star catalog of an extensive ground-based wide-field variability survey in the globular cluster ω Centauri. Using the Australian National University 40 inch (1 m) telescope at Siding Spring Observatory, the cluster was observed with a 52′ × 52′ (0.75 deg2) field for 25 nights. A total of 187 variable stars were identified in the field, 81 of which are new discoveries. This work comprises the widest field variability survey yet undertaken for this cluster. Here we present the V + R light curves and preliminary analysis of the detected variable stars, comprising 58 eclipsing binaries, 69 RR Lyrae stars, 36 long-period variables (P ≥ 2 days), and 24 miscellaneous pulsators including 15 SX Phoenicis stars and two type II Cepheids. Analysis of the eclipsing binary radial distribution has revealed an apparent lack of binaries in the 8′-15′ range, perhaps indicating two separate binary populations. Four detached binaries have short periods (<2.5 days) and are likely composed of low-mass M-dwarf components, useful for testing stellar evolution models. One further detached system has a period of 0.8 days, and due to the blueness of the system could be composed of white dwarf stars. Analysis of the RR Lyrae sample has produced a reddening-corrected distance modulus (also accounting for metallicity spread) for the cluster of 13.68 ± 0.27, a result consistent with previously published values. This paper also presents a total stellar database comprising V and I photometry (with astrometry better than 0.25″) for 203,892 stars with 12.0 ≤ V ≤ 21.0 and 25 night V + R light curves for 109,726 stars (14.0 ≤ V ≤ 22.0) for both the cluster and the field.


The legal character and development tendency are the basic problems in the research of international criminal law.Based on this concept,the article sums up the legal character of international criminal law. This article also deals with the two important characteristics of the development throngh analysis of its three aspects:enforceability,normalization and effectiveness.


Animals raised under germfree conditions can be considered to have much less contact with antigenic materials than animals raised in a normal environment. Since it is known that lymphoid tissue is concerned with the defense mechanism against infections, it can be expected that histological differences between germfree and control animals in this tissue will be found. In this paper I present the results of a comparative histological study of germfree and control animals. Particular attention was given to the occurrence of plasma cells and of secondary nodules in the lymphoid tissue. Department of Pathology, N e z York University College qf Medicine, hTew Yvrk, N . Y .


Gender-based discrimination or harms represent an important set of problems for policy communities. Because policy communities respond to rhetorical arguments about policy ideas, feminist scholars need to be concerned about the persuasion value of their policy-relevant arguments. This paper examines the persuasion value of arguments based on feminist narratives. Narratives look to women's experiences as key resources for social investigation, but they involve rhetorical tradeoffs. Some of the important rhetorical advantages of narratives are partially offset by features characteristic of this research approach.


The objective of this study was to compare the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of nutrients and non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) between gestating sows and growing pigs fed a high fiber (NDF = 17.5%) diet with or without supplemental carbohydrase mixture (CM). Forty-five gestating sows (parity 0 to 5; BW 187 ± 28 kg) and 27 growing pigs (initial BW 35.7 ± 3.32 kg) were allotted to 3 levels of CM inclusion ('0' '0.08' and '0.10'%). Sows were fed once daily at 2.2 kg/d and grower pigs provided feed at 5% of BW to reflect ad libitum feed access. Titanium (0.3%) was the indigestible marker, and feces were collected for 4 d following a 10-d adaption period. Data were analyzed in a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement with main effects of animal category (gestating sow or grower pig) and CM supplementation. Dietary CM supplementation increased (P < 0.05) ATTD of all nutrients except for NDF with tendency (P < 0.10) for increase in arabinose and glucose digestibility. There were no differences between the 0.08% and 0.1% CM inclusion levels (Table 1). Regardless of enzyme supplementation, ATTD of calcium and phosphorus were higher in the grower pigs (P < 0.01). Sows displayed increased (P < 0.05) ATTD of NDF, xylose, glucose, total NSP with tendency (P < 0.10) for ADF and arabinose in comparison to grower pigs. An interaction was detected (P = 0.036) where ATTD of phosphorus increased with 0.08 and 0.10% CM inclusion in grower pigs and only with 0.10% in sows. Dietary CM supplementation can increase ATTD of nutrients, NSP, and energy in high fibrous diets. Lastly, sows have higher digestibility of dietary fiber in comparison to grower pigs irrespective of enzyme supplementation.


Poor drug penetration through tumor tissue has emerged as a fundamental obstacle to cancer therapy. The solid tumor microenvironment presents several physiological abnormalities which reduce the uptake of intravenously administered therapeutics, including leaky, irregularly spaced blood vessels, and a pressure gradient which resists transport of therapeutics from the bloodstream into the tumor. Because of these factors, a systemically administered anti-cancer agent is unlikely to reach 100% of cancer cells at therapeutic dosages, which is the efficacy required for curative treatment. The goal of this project is to use high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) to enhance drug delivery via phenomena associated with acoustic cavitation . 'Cavitation' is the formation, oscillation, and collapse of bubbles in a sound field, and can be broadly divided into two types: 'inertial' and 'stable'. Inertial cavitation involves violent bubble collapse and is associated with phenomena such as heating, fluid jetting, and broadband noise emission. Stable cavitation occurs at lower pressure amplitudes, and can generate liquid microstreaming in the bubble vicinity. It is the combination of fluid jetting and microstreaming which it is attempted to explore, control, and apply to the drug delivery problem in solid tumors. First, the potential for cavitation to enhance the convective transport of a model therapeutic into obstructed vasculature in a cell-free in vitro tumor model is evaluated. Transport is quantified using post-treatment image analysis of the distribution of a dye-labeled macromolecule, while cavitation activity is quantified by analyzing passively recorded acoustic emissions. The introduction of exogenous cavitation nuclei into the acoustic field is found to dramatically enhance both cavitation activity and convective transport. The strong correlation between inertial cavitation activity and drug delivery in this study suggested both a mechanism of action and the clinical potential for non-invasive treatment monitoring. Next, a flexible and efficient method to simulate numerically the microstreaming fields instigated by cavitating microbubbles is developed. The technique is applied to the problem of quantifying convective transport of a scalar quantity in the vicinity of acoustically cavitating microbubbles of various initial radii subject to a range of sonication parameters, yielding insight regarding treatment parameter choice. Finally, in vitro and in vivo models are used to explore the effect of HIFU on delivery and expression of a biologically active adenovirus. The role of cavitation in improving the distribution of adenovirus in porous media is established, as well as the critical role of certain sonication parameters in sustaining cavitation activity in vivo ..., ...it is shown that following intratumoral or intravenous co-injection of ultrasound contrast agents and adenovirus, both the distribution and expression of viral transgenes are enhanced in the presence of inertial cavitation. This ultrasound-based drug delivery system has the potential to be applied in conjunction with a broad range of macromolecular therapeutics to augment their bioavailability for cancer treatment. In order to reach this objective, further developmental work is recommended, directed towards improving therapeutic transducer design, using transducer arrays for treatment monitoring and mapping, and continuing the development of functionalized monodisperse cavitation nuclei.


BS Grupo is a Peruvian entrepreneurial venture begun in 2000. The company has grown relatively fast, becoming a leading training provider in Peru. The venture delivers high level and specialized training services in the the areas of mining and information technologies, and on specific topics, such as project, maintenance, and quality management. Although it has experienced relatively fast growth, BS Grupo has missed market opportunities and has delayed the deployment of strategic projects needed for its long term sustainability. The company has developed strong capabilities to identify market opportunities and to configure products to address them; however, BS Grupo has experienced major problems in the areas of people management and organizational structure. This thesis analyzes the current organizational design of BS Grupo using three lenses: strategic, political and cultural. Recommendations are made to develop a new organizational design that supports the growth plans of the venture. Thesis Supervisor: John Van Maanen Title: Erwin H. Schell Professor of Management, MIT Sloan School of Management


In the background of counties affiliated to municipalities,hospitals at county level and hospitals at prefecture level developing in the same region inevitably cooperate and compete.In order to learn about the survival and development of hospitals in China,the largest number of and the most widely distributed hospitals at county level and those at prefecture level must be focused on.In 2011,the analysis on the competitiveness of hospitals at prefecture level and hospitals at county level shows that the competition among hospitals at prefecture level is more intense than that among hospitals at county level and they both have their own advantages in the development.


Cardiovascular disease (CVD), which is often related to atherosclerosis, is the most common cause of death in European countries [1].Copyright © 2009 by ASME


An accurate transient model of interior permanent-magnet (IPM) machine with stator turn fault with due account of magnetic saturation is essential to develop robust and sensitive interturn fault detection algorithms and to evaluate drive controller performance and stability under fault conditions. This paper proposes a general method of modeling stator turn fault using flux linkage map of IPM machine under fault extracted from finite-element (FE) analysis. Simulation results from the proposed fault model are compared against FE and experimental results. The results show that the proposed model matches well with experimental data.


Although better known for his existentialist drama in which the nature of sanity is a recurrent theme, it is in his fiction that Samuel Beckett most directly addresses psychiatry. Unafraid to use for his raw materials life's grimmest situations - loneliness, despair, the decay of both body and


Application of image processing in the area of medical sciences have revolutionized the diagnosis and treatment procedure. X-rays and ultrasound are considered to be the basic diagnosis tools in medical science. With the introduction of imaging in medical science, a great opportunity of research started in this area. New a nd advance algorithms are developed day by day to improve the quality of service these techniques give. An area of image restoration by denoising is also a field. Different algorithms are present to denoise an image corrupted by noise. In this paper we present a technique to optimize the denoising method using wavelets. Denoising in wavelet transform is controlled by threshold and level of decomposition. Here in this paper we present an analysis to determine the best suitable parameter of algorithm for implementation of wavelets. The main aim of image de-noising techniques is to remove noise while retaining as much as possible the important detail features. At the end we will discuss how de- noising techniques can be optimized using the thresholding parameter and varying the levels of decomposition.


Here we have reported the isolation of starch from lotus stem (a novel source) and its physico-chemical and biological characterization. Lotus starch was found poorly soluble in water but solubility increased significantly with an increase in solution temperature. The rheological analysis revealed that viscosity of lotus starch solution was higher than corn starch. XRD and FT-IR studies together confirmed that chemical composition of both compounds is similar. However glucose analysis showed that glucose content was higher in lotus starch. DSC analysis showed that thermal stability of lotus starch was less in comparison to corn starch. Biocompatibility of the samples were examined using HaCaT cells. Result revealed that lotus starch support viability and growth (up to an optimal concentration of 100 μg/ml) of human keratinocytes. The result confirmed that lotus starch can find its potential application in drug delivery and tissue engineering.


The dragonfly Rhodothemis rufa exhibits a conspicuous sexual dimorphism in its body colour.  The mature male is characterized by the homogenous striking brilliant red body while the mature female is dull brown with a prominent mid-dorsal light yellow streak running from the top of the head through the thorax and down to the fifth segment of the abdomen.  The sexes can easily be identified from quite a long distance.  On 7 November 2012, we observed the unusual sight of a female Rhodothemis rufa chasing another female and forming a tandem link which was followed by copulation.  This peculiar reproductive behavior instigated us to net the specimen.  On inspection we  found that although it appeared a female, it had well developed external male genitalia in the form of the secondary copulatory apparatus on the venter of the second and third abdomen, a pair of coxites on the ninth abdominal tergum and an additional infra anal appendage at the terminal tip of the abdomen.  The testes contained a large number of lobules filled with mature spermatozoa, and the vasa differentia also contained mature sperms.  The sperm sac was filled with sperms embedded in seminal fluid.  Observations indicate that this could be a rare case of a gynochromatic male of Rhodothemis rufa which has retained the colour patterning of the female even after sexual maturity and concomitantly exhibiting active sexual behaviour , although the case of it being a subadult male which has yet to attain its typical red coloration cannot be ruled out.


A coming back to the steady-state cosmology permits, from the horizon radius temporal invariance, to apply the Holographic principle to Cosmology. This one invariant parameter cosmology resolves not only many problems of the standard cosmology, with its six temporally variable free parameters, but also theoretical physics problems, such as parity violation and a rehabilitation of the tachyo-bosonic string theory. In particular, this justifies the critical condition and the Universe vastness, introducing a space-time quantization, smaller than the Planck units by a factor 4.0 × 10^60, and a 'Grandcosmos' larger than the Universe in the same ratio. This Grandcosmos appears as a lacking element in the steady-state cosmology, and introduces a super-speed exceeding c in the same ratio, resolving the vacuum energy dilemma. A special form of the Eddington's horizon formula leads to a Universe mass in a specific rational ratio with the reduced electron mass, showing that the Cosmos is calculating p. Dramatic relations between cosmic and biologic canonic quantities suggests an inversion of the anthropic principle and rejection of Darwin evolution, suggesting universality of intelligent life.