In order to determine the molecular weight distribution of yeast peptides with tyrosinase inhibiton from yeast peptides,the crude products of yeast peptides( CPYP) solution was successively ultrafiltrated with 10 KDa,5 KDa and 1 KDa ultrafiltration membrane. The tyrosinase inhibition of each fraction was evaluated in vitro. Result showed that the lower molecular-weight peptides fraction shows higher activity of tyrosinase inhibition. The ultrafiltration fraction of high activity( MW 1 KDa) was further purified using DEAE-52 anion exchange chromatography and Sephadex G-15 gel filtration chromatography. Finally,four fractions were obtained and their tyrosinase inhibition was evaluated respectively. The results indicate that fraction d-1 has higher inhibitory effect on tyrosinase activity with the IC50of 3. 53 mg /mL. The molecular weight distribution of the fraction d-1 is ranged from 200 ~ 800 Da.


China has already owned tight political organization and the civilization culture of height in the Zhou Dynasty. Its be completed to west's Zhou to Spring‐Autumn period of, its original author comes from ruling class, private's doctor and civilian common people and 300 article contents consequently seem to be abundant to much change.No matter "Shih Jing" with Music whether 2 and 1, the relation between original poem and of joy is really inseparable, is included by "the joy teach" of the hole study. However, is 300 that the spring autumn nobility, envoy composes poem on occasion behavioral communication tool, obviously the meaning of poem is the center of gravity that both parties communicate. The autumn middle of spring appeared the situation of "the gift collapse happy bad" gradually in culture after and "the poem teach" and "joy teach" begin went by different roads.This text usage cultural heritage analysis method, appropraitely assist with some academic theorieses of west, analyze and discuss the convert process of voice righteousness, full text point at analyze.


The aim of this study is to examine the impact of employee commitment on conflict management style with object,  circumstances,  and  conditions  of  Indonesia.  The  respondent  of  this  study  is  261  employees  of government-owned banks from five regencies in the Province of Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. The data were analized by implementing Multiple Linear Regression Technique. The results show that there is an indication that  employees  who  have  both  commitment  to  the  community  and  to  the  supervisor  tends  to  implement integrating and avoiding style. Employees who have a commitment to superior, tends to carry out domi nating and  obliging  approach.  Whereas,  employees  who   have  a  commitment  to  society,  tend to  implementing compromising approach. Implication of this study for future research is carry out longitudinal or ex perimental study.


hese words of political wisdom of Tiekoroni, the dictator of the Republic of Ebony, to the new president Koyaga have a special resonance throughout Ahmadou Kourouma's writings. Having modeled Tiekoroni, the fictional character, after the late Ivorian president, Felix Houphouit Boigny, the writer obliquely refers to his own coming to the field of literature as much as he provides an important clue for reading his novels. Indeed, the zero-sum approach to politics displayed through Tiekoroni's mantra led to "the quest for truth," on behalf of which Kourouma started his improbable writing career. We recall that Houphlou t had Kourouma and some friends jailed following the imaginary coup of 1963. Yet one will certainly be mistaken to consider his writings as history manuals, despite their obvious penchant for testimonial or denunciation. Having been lauded as truth teller extraordinaire by readers prompt to see in the chunky details of his writings, nuggets of African political life from the colonial era through decolonization, the Cold War, and, finally, the ever-pervasive civil wars of the last decades, Kourouma reminds us that his work remains first and foremost fiction feigning the biographical. Through the complicity of the readers, whether Africans or close observers of the African social political scene, the fictional is transformed into the national. At the same time, the derision and parody of specific cultural aspects often end up being perceived and received as authentic discourse or real occurrences by less informed readers. In skillfully blending facts and fiction, Kourouma brought his African and Western readership to a mesmerizing point.


Thermal model of laser-induced phase transformations melting and crystallization evaporation and crater formation laser hardening mass transfer and ablation in laser-stimulated thermal reactions in solids laser treatment and ablation of high-temperature superconductors laser treatment and ablation of hard biological tissues.


ABSTRACT : ANALYSIS KNOWLEDGE OF MOTHER ON THE GRANTING OF COMPLEMENTARY BREASTFEEDING WITH WEIGHT INFANTS IN BANYUMAS. Complementary breastfeeding is the transition from breastfeeding transition to feed their families. The introduction of complementary breastfeeding and provision should be made gradually form and amount, according to the baby's or child's digestive ability. Complementary breastfeeding is given from age 4 to 24 months. Increasingly increasing age of the baby or child, growing nutritional needs for growth and development of children, while the milk produced does not meet nutritional needs. This study aims to determine the relationship of the level of knowledge about the baby's mother giving complementary breastfeeding with infant weight change in the Tambak Sogra Village, Sumbang, Banyumas district in 2013. This research is analytic correlation with cross sectional approach. Samples used in this study were mothers of infants who had a baby aged 6 to 24 months. Samples in this study was 30 respondents. The results obtained from 8 respondents with good knowledge of most of the baby weight change was good (34.3%) in saying well if cords following the green line, of the 13 respondents with sufficient knowledge of most of the changes in the baby's weight is enough (55.3%) in saying  enough  if  the  lines  follow  the  yellow  ribbons,  and  from  9  respondents  with  poor knowledge of most of the baby weight change is bad (10.4%) in saying bad if the lines follow the red tape. There is a  level  of  knowledge mother infant  relationships on  giving  complementary breastfeeding with infant weight change.  Key words: Complementary breastfeeding, Infant Weight, Knowledge


BACKGROUND/AIMS
We performed a retrospective evaluation of 11 patients in the final stages of hepatic disease with chronic kidney failure, in whom simultaneous double liver-kidney transplantation was performed.

METHODOLOGY
In the immediate pre-, intra- and postoperative periods, we assessed metabolic, hemodynamic and coagulation parameters; bicarbonate, calcium and inotropic drug requirements; the incidences during reperfusion of the graft; the surgical technique employed; the need for hemodialysis and/or ultrafiltration; and the survival rate of the patients.

RESULTS
Of the 11 cases studied, four patients needed hemodialysis, while only one patient needed ultrafiltration; three patients required both techniques, and no dialysis or ultrafiltration was performed in three patients. The following surgical techniques were employed: Total clamping of the inferior vena cava using an external venovenous bypass in two cases; total clamping of the inferior vena cava without an external venovenous bypass in three cases; and partial clamping of the inferior vena cava with preservation of the retrohepatic cava in six cases. The results showed one death in the first postoperative month and two deaths in the course of subsequent follow-up. The survival rate was 72.7%.

CONCLUSIONS
The use of conventional intraoperative hemodialysis and/or ultrafiltration is feasible, useful and achieves good results in patients undergoing double liver-kidney transplantation. Partial clamping of the inferior vena cava at the anhepatic stage appears to reduce the need for ultrafiltration. There is no increase in perioperative mortality in patients who underwent liver transplantation while conserving their renal function.


Summary To determine the effect of an HIV‐1 counselling programme on rates of HIV‐1 infection and pregnancy in a large group of married couples in Kinshasa, DRC with discordant HIV‐1 infection status, we conducted a baseline cross‐sectional HIV‐1 seroprevalence study in two large Kinshasa businesses. We identified 178 married couples (mean duration of marriage = 12.3 years) with discordant HIV‐1 serostatus (92 M+F‐/86 M‐F+). Seroincidence and pregnancy rates were observed during 310 person‐years of follow‐up (PYFU). The 92 M+F‐ couples had an HIV‐1 incidence of 3.7/100 PYFU and a pregnancy rate of 8.6/100. The 86 M‐F+ couples had a pregnancy rate of 6.8/100 PYFU and an HIV‐1 incidence of 6.8/100 PYFU. Couples seeking to have children but minimize their HIV‐1 transmission risk frequently had unprotected sex only during the woman's perceived monthly fertility period. This strategy resulted in the birth of 24 live‐born children and only one (4%; 95% CL = 0.0–21.6%) new HIV infection in couples having a child. Only 1 of 6 women who developed HIV‐1 infection (16.7%; 95 C.L. = 0–40.4%) became pregnant. While seronegative men had more extramarital sex once their wives' positive HIV‐1 infection status became known, most of these episodes involved safe sex. Divorce was rare. This study provides additional information concerning issues of safe sex in married couples with discordant HIV‐1 infection status, the dynamics of HIV transmission within couples and the effect of serostatus notification on the marriage and on intramarital and extramarital sexual behaviour in Kinshasa, Congo.


Abstract Governments in a wide range of contexts have long pursued policies of social mixing to disperse poverty concentrations, attract middle class residents, and manage disadvantaged neighbourhoods. Drawing on longitudinal and spatial housing data for the case of Amsterdam, this paper shows that the dominant instruments to facilitate social mixing have changed over time. Policy focus has shifted from large-scale urban renewal projects and the demolition of social rental housing to the sale of existing social rental dwellings. The changing nature of tenure restructuring also brings about a changing geography: while urban renewal was mostly concentrated in post-war neighbourhoods of socio-economic decline, social housing sales are increasingly concentrated in inner city neighbourhoods where already existing gentrification processes are amplified. These shifts need to be considered within their wider policy context. Local policies increasingly focus on catering to the preferences of middle class households, while welfare state restructuring and national austerity measures push policies that cut back on social rental housing. Thus, this paper demonstrates that the demise of social rent has accelerated under conditions of market-oriented housing restructuring, and increasingly occurs in high demand neighbourhoods where current housing policies push gentrification.


Objective To analyze the reasons of gynecological chronic pain and its medications.Methods To conduct ultrasound diagnosis analysis on 40 cases with plevic blood stasis(PS) and 10 cases as normal control,Among them 30 cases age 35~40,10 cases above 40 years old.All of them were done vaginal ultrasound exploration.Results ultrasonnd diagnosis accordance rate is 100%.Conclusion PS has its ultrasound characteristic,diagnosis is important,based on this,treat the patients.


Objective To find the best method of cleaning mouth cavity before and after palatoplasty, prevent infection and promote wound healing.Methods 80 patients in need of palatoplasty were randomly divided into four groups: NO.1 Experiment Group, NO.2 Experiment Group, NO.3 Experirnent Group and the control group. Each having 20 patients.3% hydrogen dioxidine solution and 0.1% chlorhexidine solution gargle; 0.1% chlor hexidine solution gargle; normal saline gargle and routine oral nursing were given to them respectively.Results The four methods could lower oral bacterial colony counting remarkably and there was a significant difference (P0.001) before and after nursing.Conclusion The oral pathogen can be killed and eliminated with 0.1% chlorhexidine solution gargle, which can not only clean mouth cavity and prevent infection but also use man power and material resources and save time so that this mathod is satisfactory.


The four-valve head of a VTEC engine was mounted on an open cylinder and the valves and fuel injection system operated as in the engine with a rotational speed of 1200 rpm. local measurements of droplet characteristics were obtained with a phase-Doppler velocimeter and iso-octane injected over 5 ms intervals, corresponding to 36 crank angle degrees, with manifold depression of 20 mbar. The results show that most of the fuel droplets were located close to the liner and on the side of the cylinder adjacent to the exhaust valves. In the plane of the measurement, 10 mm below TDC, the liquid flux diminished as the initiation of injection was advanced before opening of the inlet valves. With injection with the inlet valves closed, there were two waves of droplets, one from each of the two valves and separated by 60 deg CA and both with the Sauter mean diameter of about 120 μm. With injection with the inlet valves open, most of the droplets emerged from the main inlet valve and with Sauter mean diameters of about 50 μm, smaller than those of the unconfined spray.


A simple theoretical model describing the variation of the electronic transition energies for a molecule adsorbed at the lipid membrane–water interface has been developed. The model divides this region into three zones: the hydrophobic core, a region containing the polar head groups and an external aqueous phase. The model also takes into account the possible presence of freely moving ions in the aqueous phase as well as a spontaneous partial polarization of the polar region. The guest molecule can be located in any one of these zones; detailed calculations and explicit analytical formulae are given for the case when the guest molecule is in the polar region. Preliminary experiments have been performed using two different fluorescent dyes adsorbed in a lipid matrix of small phospholipid vescicles. The measurements were made by suspending the vescicles in water–acetonitrile mixtures in order to study the fluorescence intensity and frequency shifts as a function of the external dielectric constant. A comparison between calculated and measured frequency shifts suggests a possible contribution of the spontaneous polarization of the membrane surface together with the usual polarization energy as a rationale of the experimental findings.


Adaptation methods for phrase-based statistical Machine Translation (MT) have been explored in the literature under different paradigms, such as domain adaptation and topic adaptation, and most of the times in rather ideal experimental set-ups. We address this subject in three real-life industrial use cases, in which MT has to quickly adapt in accordance with specific operating conditions.
In particular, we explore domain adaptation when no in-domain parallel data are available, which is a typical use case of MT service providers. Then, we investigate topic adaptation for the translation of short highly ambiguous item titles in an e-commerce setting.
Finally, we consider the Computer Assisted Translation (CAT) scenario, in which MT interacts with a human translator by providing them with translation drafts and by adapting from their post-editions. In this scenario, we investigate online adaptation from human post-editions, respectively, in a single-user setting and in a multi-user setting, in which multiple translators are working on different parts of the same document. In addition, for the single-user case we also discuss the optimisation of the hyper-parameters of the employed online adaptation method.


Cooperative co-evolution (CC) is an effective framework for solving large-scale global optimization (LSGO) problems by using the "divide-and-conquer" method. However, the decomposition stage faces the challenges of either insufficient decomposition accuracy or extremely high computational cost to achieve correct decomposition. The significant amount of resources consumed during the decomposition stage greatly affects optimization. A decomposition method called Recursive Differential Grouping (RDG) has shown impressive results in solving large-scale continuous optimization problems. To improve the performance of RDG and reduce the resource consumption during decomposition, this paper proposes the Three Stages Recursive Differential Grouping (TSRDG) method. The first stage is the determination of whether a function is fully separable or not. In the second stage, separable variables are divided into one group and non-separable variables are divided into another group. In the third stage, this study identifies the interacting decision variables that are not in a separable group and reuses the effective information that was gained in the first two stages. Compared with some state-of-the-art methods, TSRDG has an effective strategy for decomposing functions. Moreover, it avoids the resource consumption of identifying the interaction between separable and non-separable variables in recursions. Effective historical information is fully exploited throughout the process of variable decomposition. Simulation experiments on the benchmark functions of CEC'2010 and CEC'2013 demonstrate that TSRDG achieves higher decomposition accuracy and lower computational cost than state-of-the-art decomposition methods. The experiments show that TSRDG is a promising algorithm in LSGO.


: The COVID-19 pandemic caused the crisis аround the world. The biggest negative effects were felt by organizations operating in the field of tourism. New changes in tourist preferences affect the creation of completely new beliefs and patterns of tourist behavior around the world. The aim of this paper is to determine the changes in the pattern of behavior of residents in the territory of AP Vojvodina from the point of view of using tourist services. Within the work, 50 residents of AP Vojvodina were interviewed. The intention to use tourist services was analyzed, depending on the psychological impact, economic impact, recession, travel risk, tourist destination risk, caused by the appearance of the COVID-19 pandemic. A questionnaire by Pappas N., consisting of 37 statements, was used to conduct the mentioned analysis. By applying the correlation analysis, the connections between the mentioned impacts and risks were determined, on the one hand


Abstract Every day more evidence surfaces about the dire state of the environment. More and more, sustainable development is fundamentally about meeting human needs while restoring balance to the global ecosystem that is failing. Greenhouse gas emissions reductions targets and other new environmental performance targets are rapidly being adopted across the globe to try to shore up this degradation. We are finally entering the era of broad scale environmental accountability. Achieving sustainability performance targets across complex and integrated social, ecological, and economic systems requires new ways of engineering the way we interact with the environment. In turn, ecologically engineering the built environment requires new quantitative performance approaches to planning. It requires understanding and analyzing the complex systematic relationships between the built and natural environment and capitalizing on the efficiencies that can be found through integrated design. The sustainability movement is ...


Police intelligence is dependent on a variety of information sources. In this conceptual research article, a total of 16 information sources are described. Intelligence information is applied to crime analysis, and the case of market share analysis is also discussed. Intelligence information needs appropriate registration, storage and retrieval using information technology. Such information technology can be identified in terms of stages of knowledge-management technology as presented in this article.


Concentration‐response (contraction) curves to either adrenaline or noradrenaline were obtained on isolated ring preparations of pulmonary artery from rats. In preparations from young rats the curve for adrenaline was bell‐shaped, unless β‐adrenoceptors were blocked with propranolol (1 × 10−6 M). The maximum contraction to adrenaline was less in the absence than in the presence of propranolol. In preparations from aged rats the adrenaline curve was no longer bell‐shaped, even in the absence of propranolol. This reflected a decrease in the β‐adrenoceptor‐mediated relaxant responses of preparations from aged rats, seen as a separation between the concentration‐response (relaxation) curves to adrenaline on preparations (phenoxybenzamine‐treated, KCl‐contracted) from young and aged rats. In preparations from young rats the noradrenaline curve was not bell‐shaped, but if the preparations were from young rats treated with thyroxine (T4), then a bell‐shaped curve for noradrenaline was obtained, unless β‐adrenoceptors were blocked by propranolol. These data could be explained by an increase in β‐adrenoceptor‐mediated relaxant responses of preparations from T4‐treated rats, seen as a separation in the concentration‐response (relaxation) curves to noradrenaline on preparations from control and T4‐treated rats, respectively. Thus (i) α‐adrenoceptor‐mediated contractile responses of rat pulmonary artery preparations, to adrenaline or noradrenaline, can be attenuated by activation of β‐adrenoceptors, mediating relaxation, and (ii) the extent of this attentuation changes under the influence of factors, such as ageing or T4‐treatment, which modify β‐adrenoceptor‐mediated relaxation in this blood vessel type.


Abstract Glacier tourism, a multimillion-dollar industry in New Zealand, is potentially under threat by ongoing glacial retreat. Surface morphology changes associated with retreat and thinning result in increasingly difficult access for guided walks on the Franz Josef Glacier, but simultaneously, an enlarging proglacial lake is increasing tourism opportunities at Tasman Glacier. Steepening ice slopes, increased debris cover, and an increase in the rockfall hazard are just some of the challenges glacier tourism operators face as glaciers around the world retreat. To date in New Zealand, glacier tourism has kept pace with ongoing glaciological change, often by increasing mechanized access. Focusing scientific research on short-term process studies—for example, determining thinning rates and assessing hazards—will help tour operators and policy-makers make decisions about future glacier utilization and accessibility.


1. INTRODUCTIONThe Government of Kenya launched the public service reform programme in 1993, with the overarching aim of infusing good governance, enhancing effective resource utilization and, ultimately, improving service delivery (Kiragu, 2005). This would be achieved through creating a leaner, well trained, adequately equipped and competitively remunerated competent workforce. Over the years, the Government has instituted a wide range of reform interventions in the public sector. These interventions are viewed to be critical to accelerating economic growth and sustaining poverty reduction in the country. But above all, they are geared towards promoting fast, efficient and quality service delivery. The government has, thus, come up with various strategies to ensure that quality service delivery becomes the hallmark of the country's public service. This has led to the introduction of initiatives such as performance contracting (PC), rapid result initiative (RRI), which stipulate what tasks a government ministry, department or corporation, must accomplish within a stipulated time frame. This is cascaded to individual employees within the government agencies.Communication is viewed as an integral part of the public service reform programmes. Over the years, the government has used various communications channels and tools to communicate and to get feedback on its policies and strategies both internally and externally. Such channels include mass media, circulars, letters, memos, seminars, public meetings, notice boards, suggestion boxes, meetings, and in-house publications. Although the government has got at its disposals several ways and channels of communicating with the public, who are the consumers of its services, it has remained apparent that there is a knowledge gap; Does the public know what the government has on offer and how efficiently and effectively it is offered?In the implementation of the reform programmes, fundamental considerations have to be made with regard to communicating various key issues. The government's main intention in developing service charter was to communicate in a clear way to both the service providers and the service consumers the services available and how to deliver or access them. The concern of this study is to examine how effectively the service charter, which is a relatively new concept - at least in the public service communication programmes, fills the existing communication gap. It seeks to establish how the government is communicating with the public using the service charter and how much the customers are involved in communicating with the government.1.1 The Ministry of Immigration and Registration of PersonsThe Ministry of Immigration and Registration of Persons is key and unique by virtue of the kind of services it offers - which are not obtainable anywhere else within Kenya. It handles three functions, namely the provision of passports, identity cards and birth and death certificates. All these documents are mandatory by law. Each citizen therefore, at one time or the other, will deal with the ministry. No other ministry, government agency or private body is allowed by law to issue these crucial documents.The mere fact that PRSP has been on for the last 15 years, and is often dogged with interruptions leading to abandoning of one phase for a new one is an indication that there is gap in the process. Moreover, it remains a matter of conjecture as to whether the reform programmes initiated over one and a half decades ago, with a heavy state and donor investment, have had the desirable impact on the life of the citizens. Ministry of immigration and registration of persons, like many other government bodies, has continued to receive flak from dissatisfied customers who complain of delays in service delivery, inefficient and uncaring service providers or a team of downright lazy nonperformers who are impervious to the professed positive change. …


Salted mackerel tuna is one of the preserved fish products by salting and drying
method. Development of salted fish product is needed to reduce saltiness and
enhace its appearance and texture. The purpose of this research was to
characterize "pempek" which is product development of salted mackerel. The
methods of this research are divided into 2 stage. First stage defined ratio of the
salted fish's meat : tapioca flour (1:4, 2:4, 3:4, 4:4) and egg concentrations
(10%, 20%, 30% of tapioca flour (w/w)) in making "pempek". The second stage
defined the fish-bone flour's concentration (25%, 50%, 75%, 100% of fish-bone
flour yield) added in making "pempek". The result of stage 1 showed that the
formulation that used in the stage 2 was ratio of salted fish's meat : tapioca flour
3:4 and 20% egg. The result of stage 2 showed that "pempek" added with 75%
fish-bone flour had no significance different toward sandy texture with "pempek"
control. Its characteristics were had brown colour, slightly aroma of salted fish,
slightly salty, slightly not hard but slightly elastic, not sandy with high overall
acceptance by panelists."Pempek" of salted mackerel added with 75% fish-bone
flour had 49.59% moisture, 36.26% carbohydrate, 10.79% protein, 2.35% ash
and 1.02% fat content. The content of calcium, fosfor and salt in salted mackerel's
"pempek" added with fish-bone flour were higher (1.4%, 0.12%, and 1.79%
respectively) than commercial "pempek", which were (0.015%, 0.06%, and
0.76% respectively).


External integration has become the global trend of the port and shipping.With several economy circles overlapped,Dalian port and shipping industry faces not only complex competitive environment,but also considerable opportunities which may lead to cooperation under the processes of regional economy integrations.Facing competition and cooperation,the Dalian shipping industry should choose external integration as its strategy.


The authors provide an alternative solution to the problem of semiglobal stabilization of a class of minimum phase nonlinear systems that was considered by A.R. Teel (1991). The method used yields a stabilizing linear state feedback law in contrast to a nonlinear state feedback law proposed by Teel. The peaking phenomenon is eliminated by inducing a specific time-scale structure in the linear part of the closed-loop system. This structure consists of a very slow and a very fast time scale. The crucial component in the method is the relation between the slow and the fast time-scales. The proposed linear state feedback control law has a single tunable gain parameter that allows for local asymptotic stability and regulation to the origin for any initial condition in some a priori given (arbitrarily large) bounded set.<<ETX>>


Endodontic instruments such as file or reamer has potential risk to breakage during cleaning and shaping procedure especially in curved canals. In this case the instrument was fractured because it was forced into the dentin walls to gain deeper penetration, and its removal result in breakage. In this case report removal of the instrument fragment in root canal with conventional technique was failed. So it was decided to continue the treatment with the consideration that there is no complain within one month observation.


Antenna isolation is a key parameter in the mobile communication system sharing analysis. The author calculated the antenna isolation in the situation of coexistence of UMTS system and LTE FDD system from two cases of sharing or not-sharing base station. At last, we get the isolation spacing requirements to avoid the spurious interference and obstruction interference respectively.


Objective:To evaluate the effect of Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) with azithromycin(AZM) to treat pediatric pneumonia. Methods:A retrospective study of 77 cases in one month history were reviewed. They were randomly divided into two groups in which one group of 45 cases were given BAL with 0.9% natrium chloride (N.S) and the other group of 32 cases were given BAL with AZM. No case had fungle or mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Results:The cure rate of the control group was 80.0% and the AZM group 81.2%; the total effective rate was 100.0% in both groups. There was no significant statistical difference in two groups. But the average in ward days of the control group were 11 and in AZM group was 8 days, There were significant statistic difference of average in ward day in two groups. Conclusion:The therapeutic procedure of pediatric pneumonia can be shortened by BAL with AZM, which can be applied in clinical practice in an active sence.


Linear adaptive systems are a well-known staple in numerous signal processing applications. Recently, significant activity and performance gains have been achieved in multilayer neural networks for deep learning applied to practical data processing applications. In this paper, we describe the important relationships and significant differences between the procedures and methods used in linear adaptive systems and those used in multilayer neural networks for deep learning tasks. Input-output structures, cost functions and training criteria, adaptive algorithms, and data processing and optimization strategies are considered. It is the hope of the authors that this discussion will spur further crossover between the two fields, and in particular allow knowledge to be shared and further progress to be made.


This paper describes the important aspects of construction law that relate to differing‐site‐condition (DSC) disputes and presents a guide for contractors and contract administrators to resolve contract disputes based on the DSC contract clause. Based on research of more than 75 appellate decisions, the paper summarizes the remarkable consistency in case law decisions. Careful examination reveals that courts follow consistent patterns of inquiry. These patterns have been defined in an easy‐to‐follow flowchart describing the particular inquiry. A narrative containing numerous case citations and synopses accompanies each inquiry. An example, based on an actual case, is included to illustrate the use of the flowchart. The flowchart was tested using 10 other cases, and the outcome using the flowchart was the same as the judicial decision in each instance.


In this paper the author tells of the various light alloys that might he used to advantage in aircraft construction, and gives their advantages and drawbacks. As fast as the disadvantages are overcome, whether they relate to price fabricability, or other properties, the improved material will find increased use in aircraft. Progress in aeronautics is linked closely with the metallurgy of light alloys.


This research explores the customization potential of ceramic extrusion by means of integrating CNC fabrication tools into current industrial ceramic extrusion lines. In order to support this approach, we designed and built two wall prototypes made of 700 extruded ceramic pieces. The pieces were produced using a single extrusion die and were cut to custom lengths and angles using CNC disk cutters to produce a total of 38 unique pieces. We introduce the motivation behind our work, present a three-stage design workflow for the design of this type of ceramic system, and show our built prototype.


Increasing miniaturization of high-powered microelectronic components like motor control switches and laser modules coupled with state-of-the-art high-density multi-chip module (MCM) designs create a demand for localized, high heat flux cooling of hot devices. In these applications where conventional heat sink, fin, and fan configurations are not adequate to handle the heat load in a miniaturized system, microfluidic systems are required to maintain temperature stability. In addition, emerging applications in micro-power generation (MPG) require new and unique thermal management techniques because the thermal-fluidic system is driven by heat retention instead of dissipation. Both applications, while representing the extremes in microelectronic packaging thermal design, are well-suited to low temperature co-fire ceramic (LTCC) materials systems for reasons of high-temperature electrical interconnect, hermeticity, and reliability. This paper presents case studies in each via a capillary pumped loop (CPL) for cooling and micro-rotary engine power system (REPS) for power generation. Novel fabrication schemes in LTCC are presented and demonstrated with a discussion of the systems' compatibility with state-of-the art microelectromechanical (MEMS) packaging and hybrid MCM fabrication. Finally, representative data from micro-CPL system is presented.


The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of the 0-3 type as film speaker having a piezoelectric composite using the bent portion, and the base film to the primary molding to form a bent portion, in order to impart conductivity ITO, Cu, Al, a conductive polymer, etc. the subject to form a lower electrode layer by using a conductor, and the 0-3 type complex (piezoelectric powder + polymer matrix) as a raw material to form a composite piezoelectric layer to vibrate according to the electric signal, for example by printing, spraying or spin coating, printing the upper electrode layer such as Ag, Carbon, Cu, Al on the top, spray, spin coating, or formed by vapor deposition method, and a polarization film speaker manufacturing method characterized by using as thin a speaker, a primary without forming piezoelectric composite film after the formation of the speaker by secondary molding relates to a method for producing the film-type speaker as to form a bent portion. Film speaker, piezoelectric, curved portion, forming


Pareto processes are suitable to model stationary heavy-tailed data. Here, we consider the auto-regressive Gaver–Lewis Pareto Process and address a study of the tail behavior. We characterize its local and long-range dependence. We will see that consecutive observations are asymptotically tail independent, a feature that is often misevaluated by the most common extremal models and with strong relevance to the tail inference. This also reveals clustering at "penultimate" levels. Linear correlation may not exist in a heavy-tailed context and an alternative diagnostic tool will be presented. The derived properties relate to the auto-regressive parameter of the process and will provide estimators. A comparison of the proposals is conducted through simulation and an application to a real dataset illustrates the procedure.


Two new species of the diplodactylid gecko Bavayia are described from Mt. Koghis, Province Sud, New Caledonia. One species is a large, characteristically colored representative of the B. sauvagii complex. It is sympatric with B. sauvagii itself, for which a neotype is here designated. The second new taxon is a large member of the Bavayia cyclura group. Selection of a neotype of B. sauvagii and designation of a lectotype of B. cyclura facilitate future evaluation of intraand interspecific variation within these two species groups. Although restricted in apparent range, both new species are relatively common where they occur. Bavayia IS THE MOST SPECIOSE of the three genera of carphodactyline geckos that are endemic to the New Caledonian region, with nine species currently recognized (Bauer et al. 1998). The four most recently described taxa, B. septuiclavis Sadlier, B. valid?'clavis Sadlier, B. exsuccida Bauer, Whitaker & Sadlier, and B. pulchella Bauer, Whitaker & Sadlier, are distinctive small species (45-50 mm maximum snout-vent length), each with diagnostic dorsal color patterns. The remaining five taxa are more uniform in color pattern, being characterized by a series of alternating dark bands and paler patches on a brownish dorsum. The superficial similarity of these taxa has led to some confusion in the recognition of species within the genus. In the first revision of the group based on adequate samples, Roux (1913) recognized two species, B. sauvagii (Boulenger), characterized by the claw of digit I being bordered by a single, medial apical scansor, and B. cyclura (Gunther), with the claw of digit I 1 Fieldwork was funded by the California Academy of Sciences, the Australian Museum, and the Department of Biology and Graduate School of Villanova University. Manuscript accepted 16 February 1999. 2 Department of Biology, Villanova University, 800 Lancaster Avenue, Villanova, Pennsylvania 19085. 3 Department of Herpetology, Australian Museum, 6 College Street, Sydney 2000, New South Wales, Australia. 39 lying between a small lateral and a larger medial apical scansor. The former species was also characterized by a single row of preanal pores in males, versus two rows in the latter species. Roux further described one subspecies of B. sauvagii, B. s. ornata, and two subspecies of B. cyclura, B. c. montana and B. c. crassicollis. All subsequent revisors (Sadlier 1989, Bauer 1990) have continued to recognize both Roux's species groupings and his individual taxa, assigning specific rank to all five members of the B. sauvagii and B. cyclura complexes. Recent collections made throughout the New Caledonian mainland have revealed substantial variation in size, color pattern, and, to a lesser extent, features of scalation in members of both the B. cyclura and B. sauvagii groups. As suggested by Bauer (1990), the names currently employed appear to be inadequate to explain the patterns of variation suggested by both intensive and extensive sampling of the genus. In particular, B. cyclura and B. sauvagii as currently recognized each appear to encompass more than one biological entity. In this paper we set the stage for a more complete revision of these taxa by restricting an existing name to a specific population (the associated types are without specific locality) and describing two new species, each of which is diagnosable with respect to the restricted nominate forms.


A 42-year-old male came to our pain clinic for consultation for the control of pain caused by compression fractures at T12 and L1. About 2 months ago, the patient had a T9 compression fracture after a trivial injury. We started to control the pain with epidural steroid injections and epidural patient controlled analgesia (peA). The patient got new fractures at T8 and L2, even though on bed rest. No evidence of metabolic bone disease or malignancy was noted on routine laboratory tests. Increased uptake of radioactivity at multiple vertebrae was shown on bone scan and the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) finding was suspected to be an infiltrative bone marrow disease. Therefore, we consulted an oncologist for further evaluation, then the patient was diagnosed with multiple myeloma with bone marrow biopsy. This case report suggests that clinicians should consider the possibility of malignancy in the case of multiple compression fractures of vertebrae especially in young male patients.


The Sami people are the natives of northern Scandinavia and the Kola Peninsula. The knowledge of the demography, health and living conditions of the Swedish Sami is extremely limited. Over the last decades, only a few studies have been published addressing health and disease in this population. The overall shortage of knowledge on the health situation of the Sami population, not only in Sweden but also in Norway, Finland and Russia, is in contrast to the large amount of detailed information on health, demographic and socio-economic issues that is available for indigenous people in e.g. North America, Greenland and Australia. The encounter with the western society has for many native populations had dramatic health consequences. Early contacts brought infectious diseases such as smallpox and tuberculosis, while western influence during the last five decades have had more profound effects on the lifestyle causing a dramatic increase of lifestyle related western diseases such as cancer, diabetes, stroke, obesity and hypertension. The mental health has also been negatively affected in many native populations due to the western influence with dramatic increase of suicide rates and drug abuse. The relationship between acculturation and health has been of longstanding interest when studying the health situation among indigenous peoples. In circumpolar peoples the processes of acculturation and adaptation has often been manifested as dramatic, unfavourable changes in health. Although the role and status of the Sami population in Sweden has been described in a historical context, these aspects have not been thoroughly evaluated in relation to health. The overall objective of this thesis was to investigate the health conditions of the Sami population of Sweden using causes of death and incidences of cancer and cardiovascular diseases as health indicators, and to evaluate their possible association with demographical and acculturative factors such as assimilation, integration, separation and marginalization. In order to establish a large database for epidemiological studies of the Swedish Sami population, an attempt was made to reconstruct the Sami population by using the available national population registers where the Sami population can be extracted in one way or another. A Sami cohort was constructed departing from a group of index-Sami identified as either reindeer herding Sami or Sami eligible to vote for the Sami parliament. Relatives to index-Sami were identified in the National Kinship Register and added to the cohort. The cohort contained a total of 41 721 persons (7 482 reindeer herding Sami and 34 239 non-herding Sami) and selections from this population were used for the different studies. A four times as large demographically matched non-Sami control population was compiled the same way. A study of causes of death in the Sami population of Sweden 1961-2000 showed that the differences in overall mortality and life expectancy of the Sami, both reindeer herding Sami and non-herding Sami, compared to the control population were relatively small. However, Sami men showed significantly lower SMR for cancers but higher for external cause of injury. For Sami women, significantly higher SMR was found for diseases of the circulatory system and diseases of the respiratory system. An increased risk of dying from subarachnoid haemorrhage was observed among both Sami men and women. The observed differences might be due to lifestyle, psychosocial and/or genetic factors. Male reindeer herding Sami showed a significantly increased risk of dying from accidents such as vehicle accidents and poisoning. No increased risk of suicide was observed. A comparison between the periods of 1961-1980 and 1981-2000 showed non-significant differences in risk although a trend towards increased risks were observed for most types of external causes of death, except suicide. It is suggested that the increased socio-economic pressure and the extensive use of terrain vehicles have increased the risk for fatal accidents among Swedish reindeer herders. It is concluded that commercial reindeer management is one of the most dangerous occupations in Sweden. The cancer risk in the reindeer herding Sami population of Sweden was studied between 1961 and 1997. In comparison to non-Sami living in the same area, the reindeer herding Sami showed a statistically significant lower risk of contracting cancer of the prostate and of malignant


The growth of a two-dimensional crystal of Ge atoms on an atomically flat Ag(111) surface has been demonstrated by the thermal annealing of a heteroepitaxial Ag/Ge structure in N2 ambient at atmospheric pressure. The surface morphology and chemical bonding features of heteroepitaxial Ag(111) grown on wet-cleaned Ge(111) after annealing at different temperatures and for various times have been systematically investigated to control the surface segregation of Ge atoms and the planarization of the heteroepitaxial Ag(111) surface.


In a vehicle headlight, an image of a light source forming means (28) forms a first light source image and a second light source image. A projection lens projecting the first light source image and the second light source image so as to have a common boundary therebetween. The light source image forming device forms the first light source image and the second light source image in positions separated from each other along respective edges constituting the common border.


Speech recognition technology has potential for application to intelligent transportation systems (ITS) in the area of advanced traveler information systems (ATIS). ATIS areas which can greatly benefit from speech recognition are: pre-trip traffic information; en-route traffic information; route guidance; ride matching and reservation; transit information services; and traffic and transit management control centers. This paper concentrates on telephony applications of speech recognition to two ATIS applications, real-time traffic information and public transit information. We first discuss the general considerations involved in development of a multiline speech interface to a traffic or transit database, including system architecture and sizing, and the development of dialogs and grammars which are user friendly and efficient. We then discuss two prototype applications of this technology using BBN's HARK speaker-independent speech recognition product. The first is to SmartRoute System's SmarTraveler traveler information system, which was an FHWA Operational Test, and the second to Montgomery County Maryland's public transit system. These were small scale tests to help us develop the technology required for full-scale implementations, but showed that the speech interface was practical, and provided much improved ease of use and performance over conventional touch tone based interactive voice response (IVR) systems.


The issues of functional characteristics of contemporary RFID equipment for libraries are highlighted. The equipment is examined from the viewpoint whether its consumer qualities meet the standards and needs of contemporary libraries. The recommendations on selecting RFID equipment and spare parts for library automation are given. The paper is oriented toward library managers and library automation technologies professionals.


INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE:We aim to evaluate the role of PD-L1 expression in the tumor microenvironment on oncological outcomes for patients treated with trimodality therapy (TMT) for muscle-invas...


To identify the relationship between the fever complicating pregnancy beyond 32 weeks of gestation and its maternal and
fetal outcomes. A semi structured proforma entailing a detailed history and examination were done among 100 antepartum
mothers with fever for ≥2 days, beyond 32 weeks of gestation. Pneumonia was the major causation of fever (21%). The majority of the participants
(72%) had a fever duration of less than 5 days and experienced high grade fever(82%). High grade fever was associated with urinary tract infection
and pneumonia was associated with premature rupture of membranes. Fever of less than 5 days was associated with premature rupture of
membranes and NICU admissions.


Objective: Most Australian women access contraception through general practitioners (GPs) but choose oral methods rather than long‐acting reversible contraceptives (LARCS). The Australian Contraceptive ChOice pRoject (ACCORd) successfully tested a complex intervention for LARC uptake. We aimed to explore the critical elements of this intervention to increase LARC uptake.


After randomly incorporating 2–21 mol % of 3-methylstyrene (3MS) or 4-methylstyrene (4MS) into the syndiotactic polystyrene (sPS) backbone, the effects of the comonomer units on the equilibrium mel...


Presented here is the first measurement of the bottom (b) and charm (c) flavor content of inclusive jets in collisions of protons and antiprotons at a center of mass energy of 1.8 TeV, using the Collider Detector (CDF) at the Fermilab Tevatron. Jets with displaced vertices are identified and the estimated proper decay-length distribution is fit to the expected distributions from b, c, and non-heavy flavor jets. The fraction of jets that contain at least one b or b quark is approximately 0.02, while the fraction of jets containing at least one c or c quark decreases from approximately 0.12 to 0.04 in the jet transverse energy range from 15 GeV to 135 GeV. Finally, the azimuthal correlations between b jets give information on the relative contributions of bb production processes.


The culture condition for maximum yield of an acid protease from Rhizopus oryzae and Rhizopus oligosporus and the properties of the protease were studied in this research. The results showed that the optimum conditions for maximum production of acid protease from Rhizopus oryzae grown on wheat bran were water content of 57%-59%, pH of 2.5-3.0, fermentation temperature of 28-31 ℃ and time of 36 h. The best pH value and temperature of the achieved protease were 4.0-6.0 and 50 ℃, respectively. The protease showed high pH stability within 3.0-6.0 and poor thermo-stability, which might lose its activity when incubated at 50℃ for 30min. The optimum conditions for maximum production of acid protease from Rhizopus oligosporus grown on wheat bran were water content of 52%-55%, pH value of 2.5-3.0, fermentation temperature of 31℃ for 48h or fermentation temperature of 35 ℃ for 36 h. The highest activity of the protease from Rhizopus oligosporus was obtained pH3.0 or pH6.0, and temperature of 55-60 ℃. It showed high pH stability at 4.0-6.0, but lower thermal stability at 50 ℃. It was found that nearly 90% of the protease activity was lost when incubated at 50℃ for 30 min,.


The architectural DNA‐binding protein High Mobility Group B1 (HMGB1) binds distorted double stranded DNA (e.g. kinked, cruciform) in the nucleus with extremely high affinity to modulate nuclear homeostasis. HMGB1 is a multifunctional protein that also plays a pivotal role outside of the nucleus. It is now clear that HMGB1 can also function as a Damage Molecular Pattern Molecule. In this capacity, HMGB1 can act as a friend or foe to: i)bolster innate immunity to ward off pathogens or ii)exacerbate unwanted immune responses that worsen disease states (e.g. lupus, rheumatoid arthritis). Research shows that cruciform DNA [four‐way junctions (4WJs)] and single strand DNA (ssDNA) can effectively bind/sequester HMGB1. The 4WJs and ssDNA investigated contain natural and phosphorothioate (PS) bonds. PS bonds are introduced to enhance nuclease resistance. Our prior study shows that intramolecular 4WJs composed of natural and PS bonds possess enhanced resistance against the endo‐ and exonucleases. We hypothesize that the increase in nuclease resistance is due to a combination of three factors: i)restricting access to the helical termini (end‐capping), ii)the presence of PS bonds and iii)altered minor groove topology. The objective of this study is to more stringently investigate the potential connection between minor groove topology and nuclease binding. Here, three nucleases are used that cleave double and ssDNA: DNase I, Exonuclease III (Exo III) and bacteriophage T5 Exonuclease (T5 Exo). The nucleases bind within the minor groove to initiate hydrolysis via a non‐specific (DNase I) or specific manner (Exo III and T5 Exo). We hypothesize that nucleases do not bind strongly to nucleic acid substrates with altered (likely wider) minor groove dimensions. As a result, nucleic acids with wider minor grooves tend to have enhanced nuclease resistance. Circular dichroism (CD) studies are used to investigate the minor groove topology of intramolecular 4WJs and ssDNA. The minor groove binder 4',6‐diamidino‐2‐phenylindole (DAPI) is used to estimate the gross minor groove topology of each nucleic acid ligand. The data clearly shows the DNA substrates with altered minor groove dimensions, as reflected by weakened DAPI binding interactions, possess enhanced nuclease resistance. DNA substrates with enhanced nuclease resistance will be investigated further to target the DNA‐binding cytokine, HMGB1.


Cicer arietinum is an important pulse crop and grown as third most important legume in the world. Chickpea productivity is constrained by several abiotic stresses. Temperature is a critical determinant of crop growth over a range of environment and may limit the chickpea yield. The present work used five chickpea genotypes viz. RSG-888, GNG-1581, C-235, CSJD-884 and RSG-895 to study the effect of heat stress on germination and early seedling. On this basis, efficiency of thermotolerance among the genotypes used was predicted. Heat stress was imposed to 30°C, 35°C and 40°C temperature for 24 h. The control plates with chickpea seeds were showing only ~21 to 24% germination after 24 h while stressed treated seeds with 30°C and 35°C for 24 h showed the germination frequency of about ~90 to 96% in all the five genotypes. After 24 h treatment at 40°C temperature, seeds were showing good germination efficiency ~71 to 83% as compared to control but reduced germination efficiency with regard to 30°C and 35°C treated seeds. The screening of thermotolerant genotype was done at 40°C as there was no significant difference in seed germination among all the five varieties in response to both 30°C and 35°C temperature. Amongst the genotypes used, C-235 was the most sensitive variety with only ~56% germination frequency and unhealthy germinated seedlings. CSJD-884 and RSG-895 genotypes were more tolerant with ~81% and ~83% germination frequency and healthy seedlings, at 40°C. Taken together, our results indicate that all the three temperatures were showing positive affect on seed germination and germinating seedlings length.


Metonymy is a very popular linguistic phenomenon. According to cognitive linguistics, metonymy is a conceptually cognitive device based on human experience. Metonymic thinking plays a central role in the interpretation and generation of discourse. This paper has expounded the relationship between idealized cognitive model and metonymy and has also analyzed speech act metonymy posited by Thornburg and Panther. To conclude, it tries to use relevance theory to construe the cognitive and pragmatic motivation of metonymy as well as its pragmatic functions in communication.


Aiming at the problem of mechanical parameters that affect the real-time changes of permanent magnet synchronous motors affecting the performance of the servo system, in this paper, we propose a permanent magnet synchronous motor mechanical parameter recognition solution based on the radial basis function neural network. Based on the designed radial neural network, we conduct parameter recognition and analysis of the three major mechanical parameters of rotation inertia, viscous damping, and load torque, and verify the superiority of this solution through a comparison experiment. The result proves that compared to the forgetting factor recursive least-squares, the parameter recognition scheme based on the radial basis function neural network designed in this article is reduced by 44.4%, the recognition accuracy has increased by 8%, and can recognize the friction coefficient and load torque, so it has certain practical application significance.


Aim:  l‐Carnitine, an essential cofactor for mitochondrial, β‐oxidation of long‐chain fatty acids, is known to play important roles in sperm maturation and metabolism when spermatozoa pass and acquire motility in the epididymis. We reported that obstructive azoospermia occurred in the epididymis in the juvenile visceral steatosis (JVS) mice, which are OCTN2 dysfunction mice caused by mutations in the gene encoding OCTN2, have been used for animal models of primary systemic carnitine deficiency. The aim of present study is to investigate the expression of OCTN2 protein in the mouse epididymis and its relation between the localization of OCTN2 and obstructive azoospermia in JVS mice as animal models for human male infertility.


ABSTRACT We report that hbhA is differentially regulated during Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Upregulation was observed in epithelial cell infection but not in macrophage infection and in the lungs but not in the spleens of infected mice, and it was greater during the early steps of infection, when bacilli disseminate from the site of primary infection.


expected frequency In the situations in previous chapters, the scores have all been numerical values on some dimension, such as a score on a standard achievement test, length of time in a relationship, an employer's rating of an employee's job effectiveness on a nine point scale, and so forth. By contrast, relationship style of a man's partner is an ex ample of what in Chapter 1 we called a nominal variable (or a categorical variable). A nominal variable is one in which the information is the number of peo ple in each category. These are called nominal variables because the different cate gories or levels of the variable have names instead of numbers. Hypothesis testing with nominal variables uses chi-square tests.


The financial crisis has affected almost every aspect of European governments' ability to maintain public services, and healthcare has been no exception. Philipa Mladovsky and Sarah Thomson look at how health systems have responded to the financial crisis and find that there is substantial variation across Europe. Some countries were better prepared than others to cope with a fiscal shock, and countries using the crisis to address weaknesses in the health system have often found it difficult to introduce necessary reforms.


Abstract The management academy as a whole, and more specifically the marketing academy, have recently recognized the importance of discussions of race and racial issues, which were discussed in a panel at EnAnpad 2021, the most prominent Brazilian management conference and the world's second. The Panel's proposal emerged from reading Francis' provocative work, which establishes new relationships between structural racism and academic socialization, in which the mechanisms of social exclusion are present. As a result of the Panel's debate, this paper presents three perspectives on the racialized reality in which we live. The first indicates how much racism conveniently insists on naturalizing privileges mistakenly treated as individual merits for specific groups. The second perspective reminds us how the racialized gaze forces subjugated groups to react, fight, and establish political and legal means. Finally, the third perspective explores a racial landscape, forcing us to ask ourselves how long academics and practitioners in Brazil and abroad will take to recognize ourselves as part of the problem. As a result, we advocate that educational institutions are fundamental to the path of change. Additionally, we propose a non-exhaustive critical agenda for social transformation.


We present Keck/NIRC2 Ks-band high-contrast coronagraphic imaging of the luminous debris disk around the nearby, young A star HD 32297 resolved at a projected separation of r = 0.″3–2.″5 (≈35–280 AU). The disk is highly warped to the north and exhibits a complex, "wavy" surface brightness (SB) profile interior to r ≈ 110 AU, where the peaks/plateaus in the profiles are shifted between the NE and SW disk lobes. The SW side of the disk is 50%–100% brighter at r = 35–80 AU, and the location of its peak brightness roughly coincides with the disk's millimeter (mm) emission peak. Spectral energy distribution modeling suggests that HD 32297 has at least two dust populations that may originate from two separate belts, likely at different locations, possibly at distances coinciding with the SB peaks. A disk model for a single dust belt including a phase function with two components and a 5–10 AU pericenter offset explains the disk's warped structure and reproduces some of the SB profile's shape (e.g., the overall "wavy" profile, the SB peak/plateau shifts) but more poorly reproduces the disk's brightness asymmetry and the profile at wider separations (r > 110 AU). Although there may be alternate explanations, agreement between the SW disk brightness peak and disk's peak mm emission is consistent with an overdensity of very small, sub-blowout-sized dust and large, 0.1–1 mm sized grains at ≈45 AU tracing the same parent population of planetesimals. New near-IR and submillimeter observations may be able to clarify whether even more complex grain scattering properties or dynamical sculpting by an unseen planet are required to explain HD 32297's disk structure.


Background The use of an allograft as a suitable transplant is still open to debate, in terms of donor morbidity, implantation reaction, and long-term results, as well as the risk of disease transmission. Hypothesis The clinical results 2 and 6 years after implantation of a bone-patellar tendon-bone allograft (Tutoplast) and bone-patellar tendon-bone autograft show no significant difference in relation to stability, function, and rate of rupture. Study Design Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Method Between 1995 and 1998, 268 patients with anterior cruciate ligament ruptures were surgically treated: 132 patients received a bone-patellar tendon-bone allograft implantation and 136 patients a bone-patellar tendon-bone autograft. The results were evaluated using the International Knee Documentation Committee, Noyes, and Lysholm scores. Results There were 201 patients assessable after 2 years and 186 patients after 6 years. Ruptures of the implants in the allo-graft group occurred in 20 patients (20.6%) within 2 years and in 38 patients (44.7%) after 6 years. In the autograft group, transplants ruptured in 5 patients (4.8%) after 2 years and in 6 patients (5.9%) after 6 years. Conclusion Based on the data, it would appear that the regular use of bone-patellar tendon-bone allografts, particularly for physically active patients, is unsuitable.


As with dermatics, studies that verify the efficacy of cosmetics and meet the criteria of evidence-based medicine (EBM) appear to be necessary. Although the concept of evidence-based cosmetics (EBC) is still in its initial stages, some preparations are already available which can be classified as evidence-based. In this publication we present data from different studies documenting the efficacy of cosmetic preparations for the management of several skin disorders such as cellulite, stretch marks and acne vulgaris in accordance with EBM criteria. Further scientific studies are necessary to examine all important application areas of these cosmetics. Furthermore, the sustainability of the obtained effects will also need to be substantiated.


Since 1985, frequent mass mortalities due to a bacterial infection have occurred in zoeal larvae of swimming crab Portunus trituberculatus reared at the Tamano Station of the Japan Sea-Farming Association. A bacterium was predominantly isolated from diseased larvae and was demonstrated by experimental infection to be the causative agent of the disease. Based on morphological, physiological, biochemical, serological and genetic characteristics of the pathogen, it was thought to be a new species and tentatively named Vibrio sp. Zoea. Challenge experiments with the bacterium in several aquatic animals indicate that Vibrio sp. Zoea appears to be a pathogen specific for crustaceans.


This research develops and applies a method of fuzzy logic that contributes to the convenience and ease of use of SWOT analysis. The departing point is a separability of strategic alternatives on the compatibility of SWOT factors. This approach is illustrated by the model in which a number of social-psychological and economic variables are the factors affecting the adoption by the customer (the applicant) of the decision on the choice of University. The purpose of the method is to improve the quantitative information grounds of strategic planning processes. Methodology of fuzzy sets for SWOT analysis results in analytically defined priorities for the factors included in the analysis and makes them comparable.


The Covid-19 pandemic truly has been called a global crisis. To fight the spread of the virus, many States have introduced measures that seriously restrict or affect fundamental rights, ranging from procedural rights to the freedom of movement and the right to personal autonomy. In Europe, it is to be expected that many cases concerning such rights infringements eventually will come before the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR). This contribution aims to give an insight into how the Court will likely give shape to its proportionality test in such cases. It thereby predicts that open balancing review – for which the ECtHR is famous – will play a much less important role than methods of reasoning by analogy and procedural review.


Construct misspecification is deleterious in that it leads to Type I and Type II errors. In this study we empirically demonstrate that different measurement conceptualizations can lead to different conclusions concerning the relative importance of beliefs in predicting electronic service quality. Specifically we test three second-order measurement conceptualizations of the electronic service quality construct in the context of a mobile internet music service. We find that there is poor convergence between the three models highlighting the need for more careful measurement specification of IS constructs even at a higher-order hierarchical measurement level.


The radiative properties of subtropical marine stratocumulus clouds are investigated in an ensemble of current-generation global climate models from phase 5 of the Climate Model Intercomparison Pro ...


The firmware upgrade method for an image forming device using a mobile terminal is disclosed. Firmware upgrading method for an image forming apparatus according to the present invention, a mobile terminal having a memory, the firmware of the image forming apparatus stored in the step, in response to firmware upgrade request of the image forming apparatus stored in the memory, the firmware for connecting the image forming apparatus according to the information about the phase and the comparison result of comparing the step of transmitting to the image forming apparatus, firmware information stored in the received firmware information and the image forming apparatus comprises the step of upgrading the firmware of the image forming apparatus. An image forming apparatus, firmware upgrade, the mobile terminal


than one generation to overcome it. In Burundi the situation was different. The Rwandans tried to address the ethnic problem by denying its existence and annulling any reference to ethnicity in all official documents; probably they had no other choice, even if denying the existence of a problem does not mean solving it. The Burundians had a choice, and were able to negotiate and conclude an agreement clearly on an ethnic basis. The idea was to assume the role of ethnicity in order to surmount it later. This formula proved to be wise, and the ethnic issue, which was fundamental during the transition period, was put aside at the time of elections. Today Burundi has an elected president and parliament and a multiethnic army, and the memory of the ethnic conflicts seems to be far away. This does not mean that all the Burundian problems have been solved. The political situation is still volatile, even though by early 2009 negotiations with the Forces nationales de libération (FNL) appeared promising. Meanwhile the structural problems concerning the imbalance between population density and the availability of resources continue to exacerbate the interethnic relationship, even if the positive results of the International Conference on Peace Security and Development in the Great Lakes Region could provide a useful frame for addressing this crucial issue. But despite all these problems the results already achieved can give us good reason to be optimistic for the future. This book provides a background understanding to a pivotal period in that long process. Aldo Ajello Former European Union Representative to the African Great Lakes Region


We describe the syntheses of Boc-protected amino acids bearing the chromophores pyromellitic diimide, naphthalene diimide, and pyrene in their side chains, as well as nucleo amino acids with the artificial purines 7-carbaguanine, 7-carbaadenine, isoadenine, and 7-carbaisoadenine covalently linked to the alanyl side chain. These amino acids incorporating chromophores are suitable building blocks for incorporation into alanyl-PNA for future investigations of the mechanism of nucleobase-mediated electron transfer. (© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2003)


Drilled shafts are a common type of deep foundations used to support a wide array of infrastructure facilities such as bridges, high mast lighting, tanks and communication towers. The deep inaccessible subterranean nature and the construction procedures of drilled shafts result in various types of anomalies; most critical of which being necking and voids. This necking or voids translates to loss of concrete cover around the longitudinal bars and its subsequent exposure to the surrounding soil, leading to corrosion. An experimental study using large-scale drilled shaft samples is presented that evaluates the effect of different percentages of rebar corrosion on the axial load capacity of drilled shaft foundations. Results show that the presence of corrosion in the longitudinal bars affects both the strength and buckling capacity of a shaft, and that a 25% necking or void area will result in more than 60% of axial capacity loss of the shaft over a time period of 20 years.


This paper present a novel FPGA-based hardware platform for realtime 3D reconstruction of digital holograms. The platform can be viewed as a hardware implementation of Fresnel transform for diffraction computation. The circuit employs a novel 2D FFT processor operating in fully pipelined fashion for accelerating the computation. Experimental results reveal that the proposed architecture has the advantages of high throughput, high accuracy and low power consumption for the 3D rendering and display. Keywords—Holography; 3D Display; FPGA


In the context of globalization,Singapore takes full advantage of CBD planning and construction,therefore promoting urban transformation,becomes an important node in the global city network.This paper studies the evolution of CBD in Singapore during the process of urban transformation,and analyzes the economic and policy factors behind the development of CBD.The findings suggest that the evolution of CBD is the space reflection of city transition.China should attach great importance to the planning and construction of CBD in promoting city transition,speed up the transformation of CBD to CAZ by changing traditional ideas in CBD planning and the existing development and management systems in urban public space.


We consider the Kaluza-Klein type cosmological model in scalar-tensor theory proposed by Lau and Prokhovnik. The exact solution of the field equations are obtained by using the gamma law equation of state, $p =(\gamma - 1) \rho$ in which the parameter $\gamma$ depends on scale factor $R$. The functional form of $\gamma(R)$ is used to describe a wide range of cosmological solution at early universe for two phases in cosmic history: inflationary phase and radiation dominated phase. The solutions show the power law expansion and cosmological constant is found to be positive and decreasing function of cosmic time. The solutions are compatible with the Dirac's large number hypothesis. The deceleration parameter has been presented in a unified manner in terms of scale factor which describes the inflation of the model.


Sierpinski gasket was known as one of the classical self-similar fractals.Its Hausdorff dimension had been determined to be log2 3,the calculation of its accurate Hausdorff measure kept very difficult to get.By constructing coverings of Sierpinski gasket,algorithm of the number of small triangles was given.An upper bound estimate(0.817 918 996 …) of the Sierpinski gasket was obtained,which was better than the known results.


Introduction: Osteoarthritis of knee is a most common degenerative joint disease. Exercise programmes have been shown to be effective when patients are closely supervised by physiotherapists; however, data are lacking on the efficacy of an unsupervised home based exercise regimen in subjects with osteoarthritis of knee. Materials and Method: An experimental study was carried out to compare supervised exercise program and home based exercise program in osteoarthritis of knee joint. A convenient sample of 60 subjects with unilateral osteoarthritis of knee joint, age between 45 and 55 years of both sexes were divided in to supervised exercise group (Group-A) and home based exercise group (Group-B). Group-A was receiving exercises under the supervision of physiotherapist at outpatient department of Physiotherapy College and Group-B was doing exercises at home following a specially designed exercise pamphlet. Numeric Pain Rating Scale and Western Ontario and McMaster universities Index were used as outcome measure before and after two months of intervention. Results: There was a significant decrease in pain and also significant improvement in physical function (p<0.001) in subjects with knee osteoarthritis who received supervised exercises and home based exercises. Both are effective in treatment of osteoarthritis of knee joint. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that both supervised exercise programme and home based exercises are effective in alleviation of pain and improving physical function in osteoarthritis of knee joint.


ABSTRACT This study found the recent global V-shaped behaviour in major stock and cryptocurrency markets to be attributed to the dramatic variance in public fears and hope regarding the COVID-19 pandemic. Using the Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency text-mining technique and a large dataset of tweets, we determined that the public sentiment on joint discourses of COVID-19 and financial topics was a strong driver of recent stock and cryptocurrency markets behaviour. Furthermore, error correction model estimations revealed that the reversal of public sentiment from fear to hope after the initial shock significantly contributed to financial markets' recovery phase of the V-shaped behaviour, partially explaining their sudden turnaround beginning mid-March 2020.


Abstract A physical treatment was applied to broiler carcasses during commercial processing to evaluate its effectiveness in shortening the postmortem time necessary to achieve tenderness in cooked Pectoralis major (P. major) meat. Pectoralis major muscles were stretched by using cable ties to position the wings behind the back of the carcass. The restraints were removed from the carcasses at two postchill times: within 15 min (WR) and after 1 h (WR + 1). Treated carcasses were compared with a control group of carcasses. Pectoralis major muscles were removed from control carcasses and WR carcasses between 10 and 15 min postchill. Muscles were held at 2 C until the next day, when they were cooked. Two 1.9-cm-wide strips, noted as anterior and medial, were removed from each sample and objective texture determined. The experiment was replicated five times with a total of 82, 80, and 79 carcasses evaluated for the control, WR, and WR + 1 groups, respectively. There were significant differences in objective texture due to the physical treatment and location in the muscle. The lowest shear value (5.5 kg) was noted for the WR + 1 group at the anterior location. Significantly lower shear values were noted for the anterior strip compared with the medial strip. Physically restraining the P. major muscles during processing and holding for 1 h postchill resulted in a significant reduction in force to shear broiler breast meat.


4-Bromomethylcoumarins are known antiproliferative agents with high activity against leukaemia and melanoma cells in v i m . As part of a cancer screening programme 7-methoxy-4bromomethylcoumarin (MBMC) (1) was tested against two murine adenocarcinoma cell lines, MAC13 and MAC16, which are both generally refractive to standard cytotoxic agents. For both the MAC13 and the cachexia inducing MAC16 cell lines, MBMC had a profound anti-proliferative effect with ICso values of below 1.5pM for the two cell lines. The mode of action of MBMC has not been determined, however, the lack of any anti-tumour activity shown by the related compound 7-methoxy4-methylcoumarin (MMC) (2) indicates that its activity is likely to be due to the alkylating ability of the 4-bromomethyl group.


The design of a ship is a compromise between many, often conflicting, requirements and constraints, and the implications are not always understood at the initial design and procurement stages when a shipbuilding contract is drawn up. Uncertainties resulting from the method of prediction and presentation, for example associated with ship speed and power based on model data, cause difficulties. Other aspects, such as noise, vibration, stability, deadweight and capacity also need to be examined because of the close interrelation between them. The effect of more intense competition reduces the margins a designer would like to incorporate to cover the uncertainties. Such design aspects, and others, are reviewed, and references are made to actual contracts. Suggestions on how contracts might be drawn up are given.


Sustainability is the key issue in a rapidly developing world which has its influence felt in the construction and real estate sectors. Ecological, economic and socio-cultural issues are in the core of planning, construction, and operation of built forms. Developments in today's world pertain to environmental issues, energy, water resource consumptions, pollution and global warming which compel the adoption of sustainable built forms. The national rating system-GRIHA is in force to regulate sustainable developments and LEED has exercised considerable pressure on Indian context. However, it is arguable once if LEED-India and GRIHA are adopted in diverse climatic zones of the country, respective local culture and societies with varying economies, whether these produce the much needed end result; sustainability. Mostly, LEED-India is designed to address environmental concerns and building standards. The national green building rating system GRIHA is following the same model for all climatic zones compromising the local and regional variations. The review establishes that these rating


This article analyses a variety of ways in which the "road movie" has been reinterpreted by modern European directors (German Wim Wenders, Finn Aki Kaurismaki) or American director Jim Jarmusch with his pronounced European sensibilities. Despite the ubiquity of American popular culture in many of these movies, the films themselves are far from representing a simple "colonization" on the part of American culture. The ambivalent view of the United States adopted by these men has helped transform a typically "American" genre into a new demonstration of transatlantic cultural hybridity.


In the 1950s,China chose its own road to socialist industrialization,mainly because of its weak industrial foundation and the intense international environment.The national conditions at that time did not permit China to develop light industry before heavy industry as the western capitalist countries did.Instead,it had to copy Soviet's model of socialist industrialization.This choice brought about great achievements apart from bad effects.But generally speaking,the former outweighs the latter.


Wave functions of excited, ionized, and electron attached states are produced by applying the excitator method to the mixed‐exponentially generated (MEG) wave function for a ground state. This method is called excited‐(EX‐)MEG method and the computational algorithm is summarized. The MEG/EX‐MEG method is a generalization of the SAC(symmetry adapted cluster)/SAC‐CI method. Test applications are given for singlet, triplet, ionized, and anion states of hydrogen fluoride at different internuclear distances (R=Re, 2.1815 Re, and 3.2722 Re). Full‐CI calculations are also done for all of these states in order to examine the accuracy of the MEG/EX‐MEG method. It is good and reasonably constant among the various states with different energies, different multiplicities, different numbers of electrons, and different internuclear distances, though the sizes of the calculations are smaller than those of the conventional CI.


Background: Betel leaf essential oil lotion has been known to have insect repellent properties. A lotion was made based on a pharmaceutical formula from a monograph where patchouli leaf essential oil was added. A lotion preparation was intended to enhance adherence of the formula on the surface of the skin. The purpose of this study was to compare protection percentage of lotion with patchouli oil and without patchouli oil lotion compared to DEET. Methods: This study is an experimental laboratory-based research. All mosquitoes were acquired from Loka Litbang P2B2 Ciamis. The lotion was made up of 4% betel leaf oil with 0.4% Patchouli leaf oil which acted as fi xative. Repellency test was performed using methods recommended by the Commission on Pesticides. Results: The lotion made was stable and met the standard of formulations. The results showed that DEET and the lotion had an average protection of above 90% for 6 hours against Ae.aegypti and Culex sp. mosquitoes. Conclusion: The addition of patchouli oil on betel lotions can increase protection against Ae.aegypti and Culex sp. bites. (Health Science Indones 2014;1:44-8)


Stellar masses are fundamental but often difficult to measure. Thanks to the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) and Gaia, dynamical masses of pre-main sequence stars can be precisely measured using the Keplerian rotation of protoplanetary disks. We used ALMA CO(2−1) and CO(3−2) observations of CT Cha and DS Tau to determine their masses by modeling the geometry, kinematics, and physical properties of their disks with a Bayesian-based radiative transfer modeling code (pdspy). We found that the posterior distributions of the masses from the two transitions are inconsistent at the 2–4σ level. These systematic errors may originate from assumptions in the disk model, or perhaps the modest spatial or spectral resolutions used in this study. Regardless, this indicates that dynamical mass measurements using disk kinematics should be treated with caution when using only a single transition line because of these systematic errors.


■ Recommended updates to design guidelines and connection details to preserve structural integrity in precast concrete modular construction are presented. The American Concrete Institute's (ACI's) Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 318-19) and Commentary (ACI 318R-19) contains structural integrity provisions for precast concrete panel buildings but does not address the structural integrity of precast concrete modules. ACI 318 requires spaced steel ties in all directions to tie the precast concrete panel elements together. These criteria are impractical for precast concrete modules due to the construction methods and the overall rigidity of each module. Precast concrete modules are inherently stable, even when subjected to General Services Administration (GSA) criteria for partial removal of structural walls or corners, which require that if a portion of a wall or an entire module is removed, the remaining portions must have sufficient capacity to carry the resulting gravity loads. This paper examines the stress increases due to partial wall removal and the possibility of total module removal. It discusses strength reserves, provides recommendations for future editions of ACI 318 and the PCI Design Handbook: Precast and Prestressed Concrete, and presents conceptual connections that provide the continuity and ductility needed to maintain structural integrity following total module removal.


Many systems interact with their environment at distributed interfaces (ports) and sometimes it is not possible to place synchronised local testers at the ports of the system under test (SUT). There are then two main approaches to testing: having independent local testers or a single centralised tester that interacts asynchronously with the SUT. The power of using independent testers has been captured using implementation relation dioco. In this article, we define implementation relation diococ for the centralised approach and prove that dioco and diococ are incomparable. This shows that the frameworks detect different types of faults and so we devise a hybrid framework and define an implementation relation diocos for this. We prove that the hybrid framework is more powerful than the distributed and centralised approaches. We then prove that the Oracle problem is NP-complete for diococ and diocos but can be solved in polynomial time if we place an upper bound on the number of ports. Finally, we consider the problem of deciding whether there is a test case that is guaranteed to force a finite state model into a particular state or to distinguish two states, proving that both problems are undecidable for the centralised and hybrid frameworks.


The paper presents the concepts of weak boundeness and weak conservativeness for general timed continuous Petri nets with infinite server semantics. Based on the reduction technique and the linear algebra of matrices, a timed continuous Petri net with joins can be transformed to a join-free type with the equivalent dynamics of their markings. We endeavor to improve the link between piecewise linear systems, timed continuous Petri nets, and dynamics properties. The weak boundeness and weak conservativeness of the type nets are characterized by the inequalities of the matrix measure that defines the dynamics properties of the markings.


Some new monophenylbismuth(III) complexes of the type PhBi[SC6H4N:C(R)CH2C(O)R′]2 [where R = CH3, R′ = CH3 (1); R = CH3, R′ = C6H5 (2); R = CF3, R′ = (3); R = CF3, R′ = C6H5 (4)] have been synthesized by the reactions of Ph3Bi with corresponding benzothiazoline ligands, H(R)CH2C(O)R′ in 1:2 molar ratios in benzene solution. All these derivatives have been characterized by the elemental analyses, molecular weight measurements, and their probable structure has been proposed on the basis of IR and NMR (1H and 13C) spectral studies.


Since the 1970s, feminist historians and polemicists have struggled to uncover the ordinary lives of women. They believe that gender ideals and biases are a critical part of the weft and weave of daily life. But the quotidian has been a restricted field in our discipline, often used to define a particular building type rather than the lives of architects. For example, we know little about the workdays of professionals or their labour in the workplace. The architectural office - its daily transactions and everyday culture - remains obscure. Even when represented in histories of the profession, the architectural office is filtered through a top-down lens trained on practice directors. The labour and lives of architecture's male and female employees is unexplored terrain, but we could begin with the demographics: up to three-quarters of Australian women in architecture are salaried workers, continuing a historical trend. In the past, women generally worked for others. The gendering of salaried architectural workers raises questions about the relationship between gender and office work. Feminist historians and theorists have suggested that the office plays a role in forming gender ideals and practices. This paper endeavours to critically describe the lives and labour of women architects at the office, using survey and interview data from a large-scale Australian research project, publicly known through its website Parlour. This research inquires into gender disadvantage and investigates how gender ideals and norms shape the culture of the architectural workplace. The project's research questions, evidence and explanations form the basis of this essay. The Parlour project is an ongoing platform for sharing information and research, but it gives particular voice to women's experience in architecture, an experience largely shaped by salaried employment, studentship and the ownership of small practices.


The characteristics of Ge nanocrystals charge-storage memory stacks with NH 3 plasma surface treatment of the tunneling oxide layer have been studied in this paper. The tunneling silicon oxide (TO) surface was nitrided by NH 3 plasma treatment, which appears to modify the bonding type of the substrate surface and enhance the nucleation sites for Ge nanocrystals. The chemical bonding depth profile of the Si x Ge 1-x /TO layers and the Ge nanocrystals structure were examined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy, respectively. The trap charge densities were estimated to be as high as 9.1 X 10 12 cm -2 from hysteresis loop for ± 10 V sweep. The nitrided interface (oxynitride) between the trapping layer and the tunneling silicon oxide has a bandgap lower than the silicon oxide, which causes an asymmetric tunneling barrier under programming and erasing conditions. An effective thinner barrier under programming bias results in enhanced programming speed due to improved carrier injection efficiency. It was also observed that the nitrided interface reduces Ge diffusion into the TO layer, which is known to result in degradation of the properties of Ge nanocrystal-based memory devices.


Copper oxide nanowires were grown via direct thermal oxidation. The nanowire lengths and density were varied by oxidizing the copper foil in different time intervals (10, 30 and 60 minutes) at temperature of 450 ◦C. The grown samples were then used as a photocatalyst in degrading the methylene blue solution. Using UV-vis spectrophotometry, the absorbance of methylene blue was determined and its concentration after degradation was calculated. The effect of varying oxidation time to the ability of the copper oxide nanowires to degrade methylene blue was also investigated.


Sorption–desorption of rodenticide strychnine by soil and its leaching through soil columns were studied on 4 typical soils of south-east Queensland. All 4 soils showed a high tendency to sorb strychnine, with the sorption rate higher for clay soils. The sorption capacities of the 4 soils are in the order Kingsthorpe > Warra > Oakey > Roma, which is also the order of decline in their clay contents. The desorption process also closely followed the clay content of the 4 soils. The 2 clay soils of Kingsthorpe and Warra not only sorbed a higher proportion of the applied strychnine at any application rate, they also showed a greater resistance to releasing their sorbed strychnine compared with the 2 silty clay loam soils. The effects of pH and organic matter content on the sorption–desorption of strychnine were inconclusive due to the dominant influence of clay content and the narrow range of these characteristics provided by the soils under investigation. The 2 clay soils of Kingsthorpe and Warra required a significantly higher number of pore volumes of leaching solution to pass through their respective columns for the concentration of strychnine in the effluent to approach that of the leaching solution, compared with the 2 silty clay soils of Oakey and Roma. The pore volumes of the leaching solution necessary for this point to be reached were not in the order of their clay contents, but when the cumulative volume of solution was used instead of the pore volume, the trend followed the clay content of the soils closely. Pore volume may not be an appropriate characteristic for assessing the leachability of strychnine through soil columns when the soil's clay fraction is of an expanding type, as it is the case for Kingsthorpe soil. No desorption or leaching of strychnine took place in any of the 4 soils aged with a range of strychnine concentrations.


Implant-supported prosthodontic rehabilitation of total edentulism remains the most complex restorative challenges. The main reason being the number of variables that affect both the aesthetic and functional aspects of the prosthesis. A hybrid denture or the 'Toronto prosthesis' is one that is fabricated over a metal framework and retained by screws threaded into implants. This article presents the fabrication of implant-retained maxillary Equator® attachment overdenture opposing mandibular implant-retained hybrid prosthesis. A total of four implants (Equinox® Myriad plus) were placed the maxillary arch and six implants (Equinox® Myriad plus) in the mandibular arch. The patient's occlusal vertical dimension, centric relation, aesthetics and phonetics were determined and maintained throughout the restorative process. This case report describes the management of a completely edentulous patient with a mandibular implant-supported fixed prosthesis and maxillary implant-retained overdenture with Equator® attachment.


The invention discloses a safety early-warning system for underground pipeline facilities of the power grid. The system comprises a contact neural network paved in the region of an underground pipeline facility of the power grid, an optical fiber sensor connected with the contact neural network, a pre-posed intelligent collection terminal connected with the optical fiber sensor, and an early-warning platform and a field sound-light alarm device connected with the early-warning platform, wherein the early-warning platform is connected with the pre-posed intelligent collection terminal and is used for converting an intrusion electric signal into an intrusion model, comparing the intrusion model with a preset intrusion model in a model library and judging whether the intrusion model is destructive intrusion or interference vibration and transmitting alarm information if the intrusion model is destructive intrusion. The system can be used for improving the accuracy of early-warning.


Lithium-ion battery module temperature and ambient temperature are the most significant factors in analyzing the dynamic performance of the module and greatly influences the certainty of battery SOC estimation. SOC estimation plays an crucial role in the prediction of the remaining driving range of electric vehicles (EVs) and the optimal charge/ discharge status of the battery. The most popular and commonly used method for the estimation of SOC is based on its relationship with open-circuit voltage (OCV). However, this estimation results in errors due to the fact that both OCV and SOC are dependent on battery module temperature. To analyze this problem, an SOC estimation technique based on two temperature-based models integrated with OCV-SOC-temperature table has been presented in this paper. To estimate the SOC at different operating conditions, an auto-upgraded neural network model is developed. Three driving cycle tests, Indian Urban Driving Schedule (IUDS), Indian Highway Driving Schedule (IHDS) and Urban Dynamometer Driving Schedule (UDDS) are performed to test the batteries at different temperatures. The IUDS is used to identify the model parameters while IHDS and UDDS are used for the performance validation of the SOC estimation technique. This approach is efficient and authentic when battery module temperature is changing according to the loading condition and considering the cooling effect.