Above 65 kg empty BW, protein deposition is greater in pigs fed protein-restricted compared to standard diets. It is unclear whether the greater CP deposition rate in the finisher period results from the restricted CP supply in the grower phase. To elucidate this, a growth performance study (22.1–110.0 kg BW) was performed with 48 Large-White pigs. They were assigned within litter to 3 dietary treatments: C, LP-F, LP-GF. The grower-finisher diets of treatment C were formulated based on the Swiss feeding recommendations whereas those for the LP-GF treatment contained 20% lower digestible CP and essential amino acids levels than the C diets. Pigs of the LP-GF group were offered in the grower and finisher period the standard and the low CP diets, respectively. The pigs were reared in one large pen, equipped with 6 automatic feeders, which allowed measuring the individual ad-libitum feed intake per visit. The BW was determined weekly. Growth performance and feed behaviour data were analysed with a linear mixed model using treatment as fixed and litter, litter size and farrowing series as random effects. Despite total CP intake was 6 and 16% lower (P < 0.05) in the LP-GF than the LP-F and C groups, respectively, overall ADG from 22.1 to 110.0 kg BW did not differ. Accordingly, gain-to-CP-intake ratio was 9 and 20% greater (P < 0.05) in the LP-GF than the LP-F and C group. In the grower, but not the finisher period, LP-GF pigs visited 1.6-times more (P < 0.05) the feeder and ingested 12% less (P < 0.05) feed per visit than C and LP-F pigs. These data suggest that lowering the CP supply by 20% in the grower and finisher compared to solely the finisher period or not at all has no detrimental effect on growth performance and markedly improves CP utilization for growth.


The relations among three sorts of primary transformation of the matrix are discussed;the reversible matrix can be written as the product of the two primary matrices,i.e.D_i(k)、T_(ij)(k);the simple application of primary transformation in the block matrix.


Organized crime is a topic that deserves special attention, not just in criminal science. In this paper, the author analyzes Italian crime organizations in their origins, features and relationships between them. These organizations have similar patterns that we will show, but the main one is the division between government and governance. After the introductory part, the author gives a review of the genesis of the crime, but also of the main functions of criminal organizations: control of the territory, monopoly of violence, propensity for mediation and offensive capability. The author also described other organizations that act on the Italian soil (Cosa Nostra, 'Ndrangheta, Napolitan Camora i Apulian Sacra Coroina Unita). The central focus of the paper is on the Napolitan mafia, Camorra, and its most famous representative – Cutolo. In this part of the paper, the author describes this organization from the following aspects: origin of Camorra, Cutulo and the New Organized Camorra, The decline of the New Organized Camorra and Cutolo: the figure of leader.


The crystal organization of Zn(LOH)2X2 (LOH = α-(4-pyridyl)benzhydrol) shows an abrupt change on passing from X = Cl (1) and X = Br (2) to X = I (3). The smaller and more electronegative halides (1, 2) participate in –OH⋯X hydrogen bonds giving an overall arrangement of the structures in bidimensional sheets where the zinc atoms behave as distorted square nodes in the network topology. In 3 the iodine atom switches the basic supramolecular synthon from –OH⋯X to a tetrahedral –(OH)4 nest assembled by –OH⋯OH hydrogen bonds, giving a non-covalent diamondoid network where the metal acts as a spacer. This (OH)4 nest constitutes a relatively robust supramolecular synthon whose tetrahedral topology arises from self recognition between the molecules, without the need of a central templating element.


University education is one of the primary incentives for internal migration and most educational migration in Turkey is directed toward the city of İstanbul. In addition to vocational and academic achievement, university education also provides autonomy for young people by allowing them to live in different and perhaps distant areas from their families. In this article, we analyze students who have moved to İstanbul with regard to characteristics of gender and migratory distance in order to determine whether there is a gender difference in the realization of distant resettlement for education. To accomplish this, we use a database of students in the 2017-2018 academic year who applied for accommodation to the General Directorate of Credit and Hostels (KYK), which is the largest public institution that provides housing opportunities for university students in Turkey. This dataset includes 27,643 students, 49% of whom are female while 51% are male. Controlling for the demographic, social, and economic characteristics of the students and their scores on the university entrance exam, we reveal that male students move greater distances to study in universities and they have more opportunities to migrate to İstanbul from settlements farther away than female students.


Background: Despite the importance of understanding the connection between air pollution exposure and diabetes, studies investigating links between air pollution and glucose metabolism in nondiabetic adults are limited. Objective: We aimed to estimate the association of medium-term air pollution exposures with blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) among nondiabetics. Methods: This study included observations from nondiabetic participants (nobs=7,108) of the population-based Heinz Nixdorf Recall study at baseline (2000–2003) and follow-up examination (2006–2008). Daily fine particulate matter (aerodynamic diameter≤2.5 μm, PM2.5; aerodynamic diameter≤10 μm, PM10), accumulation mode particle number (PNAM), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) exposures were estimated at participants' residences using the spatiotemporal European Air Pollution Dispersion (EURAD) chemistry transport model. We evaluated the associations between medium-term air pollution exposures (28- and 91-d means) and glucose metabolism measures using mixed linear regression and adjusting for season, meteorology, and personal characteristics. A range of other exposure windows (1-, 2-, 3-, 7-, 14-, 45-, 60-, 75-, 105-, 120-, and 182-d means) were also evaluated to identify potentially relevant biological windows. Results: We observed positive associations between PM2.5 and PNAM exposures and blood glucose levels [e.g., 28-d PM2.5: 0.91mg/dL (95% CI: 0.38, 1.44) per 5.7 μg/m3]. PM2.5, PM10, and PNAM exposures were positively associated with HbA1c [e.g., 91-d PM2.5: 0.07p.p. (95% CI: 0.04, 0.10) per 4.0 μg/m3]. Mean exposures during longer exposure windows (75- to 105-d) were most strongly associated with HbA1c, whereas 7- to 45-d exposures were most strongly associated with blood glucose. NO2 exposure was not associated with blood glucose or with HbA1c. Conclusions: Medium-term PM and PNAM exposures were positively associated with glucose measures in nondiabetic adults. These findings indicate that reducing ambient air pollution levels may decrease the risk of diabetes. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP2561


The development of pulse tube cryocoolers has increased rapidly because of its mechanical simplicity and high reliability due to the absence of moving parts in the cold region. Pulse tube cryocoolers are suitable for cooling of infrared sensors, low noise electronic applications, liquefaction of gases, etc. A Pulse Tube Cryocooler performance depends on the phase controller. The phase controller used here is inertance tube-bounce space. The phase difference between the compressor and bounce space flow is around 180º. If this phase difference is utilized, the inertance tube-bounce space combination can act as a compact phase controller. This paper aims to optimize the dimensions of the inertance tube, bounce space, regenerator and frequency for the best performance of our pulse tube cryocooler. A Stirling pulse tube cryocooler's performance is maximum when the pressure and mass flow are in phase at the midpoint of the regenerator. To achieve this phase shift, the pressure should lag the mass in acceptor. A cryocooler system was designed using Sage V11 software, for the simulation and optimization. The maximum power input to the cryocooler was limited to 100 W. This model was used to maximize the cooling effect for the highest COP. The COP of the optimized cryocooler was found to be 0.043, which is 16.12% of the Ideal COP of pulse tube cryocoolers.


Continuing previous work on effects of errors in inspection on group sampling schemes, a modification of Dorfman-Sterrett schemes is studied. The modification consists of reversion to group sampling when a specified number of decisions of nonconformance have occurred in the course of inspection of individual items.


We present a novel feature description algorithm to describe 3D local spatio-temporal features for human action recognition. Our descriptor avoids the singularity and limited discrimination power issues of traditional 3D descriptors by quantizing and describing visual features in the simplex topological vector space. Specifically, given a feature's support region containing a set of 3D visual cues, we decompose the cues' orientation into three angles, transform the decomposed angles into the simplex space, and describe them in such a space. Then, quadrant decomposition is performed to improve discrimination, and a final feature vector is composed from the resulting histograms. We develop intuitive visualization tools for analyzing feature characteristics in the simplex topological vector space. Experimental results demonstrate that our novel simplex-based orientation decomposition (SOD) descriptor substantially outperforms traditional 3D descriptors for the KTH, UCF Sport, and Hollywood-2 benchmark action datasets. In addition, the results show that our SOD descriptor is a superior individual descriptor for action recognition.


Characteristics of the gyrotropic-nihility state are studied in a magnetic superlattice, which is influenced by an external static magnetic field. Investigations are carried out with the assistance of the effective medium theory, according to which the studied structure is approximated as a uniform gyroelectromagnetic medium. The theory of the gyrotropic-nihility state is developed in terms of the eigenwaves propagation in such gyroelectromagnetic medium. It turns out that in the frequency band around the frequency of gyrotropic-nihility state the studied structure appears to be matched to free space with both the refractive index and the wave impedance.


Power transformers illustrate the majority of capital investment in transmission and distribution centers. Additionally, interruptions of power transformer have a significant economic effects on the Performance of an electrical network. For this reason the safe and reliable Performance relate directly to the Security and stability of power system. In this study, the computer-based simulation utilizing the three dimensional time stepping finite element methods (3-D), are exploited as a tool for calculate the losses (no-load and load loss) and visualizing magnetic fields on the core and windings of 400 kVA distribution transformers. Then, the experimental results and TSFEM analysis results have been compared.


INTRODUCTION
Canadian-born children of South Asian (SA) ethnicity develop IBD at similar rates to Caucasian children. We evaluated the variation in phenotypic spectrum of IBD in SA and Caucasian children in a national paediatric inception cohort of new-onset IBD.

METHODS
Patients aged <17y enrolled in a Canadian nationwide inception cohort study were included. Baseline demographic and IBD phenotypic features were compared between SA and Caucasian children. Longitudinal outcomes through 18 months follow-up were compared matched by propensity scores.

RESULTS
Of 1156 children enrolled between, 2014 to 2019, 623 were Caucasian (98% and 88% parents Canadian born) and 114 SA (79% Canadian born, 87% parents SA born). Fewer SA's have a first degree relative with IBD, 6% vs 19% in Caucasians, p=0.002. SA's present at a younger age, median age 11.4y (IQR 9.2-14.3) vs 13y (IQR 10.9-15y), p=0.03 and more commonly with a UC/IBD-U subtype (ratio of UC/IBD-U to CD 1.2:1 vs 1:1.8 for Caucasians, p<0.001). Additionally, a greater proportion of SA CD patients present with colonic only disease (colonic only CD/UC/IBD-U in SAs 67% vs.57% for Caucasians, p=0.001), and among those with CD, colonic CD in SAs 31% vs 23% in Caucasians, p=0.20). Perianal fistulising disease was also numerically more common in SA (14(27%) vs.64(18%), p=0.06). Adjusting for differences in phenotypic presentation, anti-TNF exposure and time to initiation was similar, and two thirds of children, whether anti-TNF exposed or naïve, were in corticosteroid-free clinical remission at 18 months irrespective of ethnicity.

CONCLUSION
The phenotypic spectrum of new onset IBD in SA children differs from that of Caucasian children, but treatment and clinical course are similar within phenotypic subgroups.


Cost-effective and highly active electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) are critical to energy conversion and storage processes. Herein, a superior OER catalyst of Fe substituted α-Co(OH)2 (α-Co1−mFem(OH)2) has been synthesized by taking advantage of the large layered structure and good conductivity of α-Co(OH)2, in conjunction with the rich redox properties and abundance of Fe. The atomically layered α-Co4Fe(OH)x (Co/Fe = 4) nanoplates could effectively catalyze water oxidation at the onset potential of 0.26 V and its turnover frequency (TOF) was 11 and 5 times higher than those of α-Co(OH)2 and IrO2, respectively. The increased activity could be attributed to strong electronic interactions between Co and Fe. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations also demonstrated that the theoretical overpotential of α-Co1−mFem(OH)2 is obviously lower than that of α-Co(OH)2 and thus Fe doped α-Co(OH)2 displays a better activity. Moreover, the correlation between the Fe content and activity could be plotted as a volcano curve.


This study aims to describe the social studies teacher's strategy in managing the classroom to motivate student learning. This research was conducted in junior high school. The research method used is a qualitative method. Data was collected by means of documentation, interviews, and observation techniques. Data analysis was carried out in several stages, namely, collecting data, reducing data, presenting data, and concluding. The results of the study are: first, the teacher's strategy in managing the classroom is related to the preparation of learning tools, the preparation of the classroom, and the psychological preparation of students. Second, there are factors that hinder classroom management, namely the lack of handbooks and teaching aids, as well as the decreased level of student learning motivation caused by facilities and rooms that do not support the learning process.


The study presented here examined the videotaped search patterns and strategies that 65 persons with visual impairments used to locate and learn the arrangement of five objects in a novel space. Videotapes of the 15 best-performing and 15 worst-performing participants' explorations were then compared to the participants' verbal self-reports of the strategies they used. The best-performing participants used search patterns and strategies that were effective in locating objects quickly and that facilitated the development of object-to-object relationships.


Pure fetal blood, (uncontaminated with maternal blood), was obtained from two male fetuses at risk for X‐linked mental retardation with fragile(X) at Xq27–28 by direct vision fetoscopy and fetal blood sampling. Both were shown to have this fragile site on the X chromosome while nine other fetal blood samples from pregnancies at risk for other X‐linked diseases, or haemoglobinopathies did not show fragile sites at Xq27–28, and a blood sample from an abortus showed only 1 fragile site in 95 mitoses. Both pregnancies were terminated, cultures established from fetal tissues, and the diagnosis confirmed in each case. The problems of demonstrating the fragile site in tissues other than fetal blood in these pregnancies (such as amniotic fluid cells or fibroblasts from fetal tissues) are discussed.


UNLABELLED
Reproducing the form, function, and optical characteristics of natural dental structures with direct composites in large and moderately large proximoincisal (Class IV) restorations represents a great challenge for clinicians in general. Understanding color is fundamental to achieving success when restoring these defects, as was discussed in Part I of this two-part article (Volume, 16, Number 6). The proper restoration of the functional lingual contour is also a challenge that cannot be overcome without close attention to the restorative technique. In this second article, the composite application technique is discussed and presented in detail. Clinical photographs illustrate the proposed technique.

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
The proposed clinical protocol, including a try-in of the shades in a mock-up restoration to more accurately define color and shape, and a silicone guide to transfer the lingual and proximoincisal contour of the mock-up to the final restoration, is of great help to successfully restore proximoincisal defects.


The lifting scheme is an efficient tool to construct second-generation wavelets. It has been used to realize Daubechies wavelet transform in image compression standard JPEG-2000. Daubechies wavelets can provide better image coding performance than discrete cosine transform (DCT) which is used in JPEG because the wavelets can present signal more efficiently than DCT. However, for high compression rate, the details of the decompressed images in JPEG-2000 are degraded. The reason is that Daubechies filters are maximally flat while their frequency selectivity is very poor. In this paper, we present an efficient method for the optimal design of filter banks and wavelets based on the lifting structure. The design problem is expressed as an optimization problem where the frequency selectivity of filters is optimized for a given regularity order. The simulation results show that the filter banks designed by our proposed method can offer the coding performance improvement compared to Daubechies filters in JPEG-2000.


The objective of this research is to develop and assess a pattern analysis for land cover maps. The selective landscape metrics (PD, CONTAG, PAFRAC, and SHDI) have been computed for the multi-temporal land cover maps based on Landsat MSS/TM remote sensing during 1978-2004. Our study systematically explores and compares trends and patterns of urban sprawl across the town level in Wujiang.


The proposition that the effectiveness of institutions of higher education is inherently tied to the ethical and moral development of the populace is presented. It is suggested that a rethinking of educational outcomes is needed if American higher education is to reverse a gradual decline in its fundamental mission.


SUMMARY This paper reviews and illustrates the use of wavelets for representing the information in signals such as time series and images, and how w avelet shrinkage may be used to smooth such signals. The performance of the method as a function of its parameters is then examined by simulation for time series showing gradual, rapid and discon-tinuous variations, and some general conclusions are drawn. The use of the residual autocorrelation as a diagnostic tool is suggested.


This paper presents a methodology to explore the architectural trade space of Earth observing satellite systems, and applies it to the Earth Science Decadal Survey. The architecting problem is formulated as a combinatorial optimization problem with three sets of architectural decisions: instrument selection, assignment of instruments to satellites, and mission scheduling. A computational tool was created to automatically synthesize architectures based on valid combinations of options for these three decisions and evaluate them according to several figures of merit, including satisfaction of program requirements, data continuity, affordability, and proxies for fairness, technical, and programmatic risk. A population-based heuristic search algorithm is used to search the trade space. The novelty of the tool is that it uses a rule-based expert system to model the knowledge-intensive components of the problem, such as scientific requirements, and to capture the nonlinear positive and negative interactions bet...


The invention relates to a carbon nano-tubes/titanium dioxide nano-composite photocatalyst, a preparation method and the application thereof; the compound proportion by weight percentage of carbon nano-tubes in the catalyst is between 1.25-10 wt%; the titanium dioxide powder is microspheres granules and has anatase phase structure, and the grain diameter distributes between 32-80nm; the composite photocatalyst can be absorbed in the visible region with wave length of 400-800nm. The invention takes surface active agent as directing agent and combines the hydrothermal method and the ion-exchange method to in-situ synthesize the carbon nano-tubes/titanium dioxide nano-composite photocatalyst. As the bonding force between carbon nano-tubes and titanium dioxide nano particles is strong, the catalyst has high efficiency of visible-light photocatalysis hydrogen production and can be used for photocatalysis hydrogen production with the irradiation of visible light with wave length which is larger than 420nm and the existence of electronic scarifying agents.


The present invention provides a method of using a vanadium and iron smelting slag refining slag pre-melting type. The method of using a vanadium iron smelting slag comprising the steps of: Slag ferrovanadium added a high temperature furnace, melted to form a puddle; lime was added to the bath in the bath and stirred with an inert gas to form a 12CaO · 7Al2O3-containing and / or 3CaO · Al2O3 slag phase; cooling the slag, to obtain pre-melting type refining slag. The present invention can be effectively utilized ferrovanadium smelting slag, such as steel and the like to prepare to meet the pre-fusible metallurgical slag refining process requirements.


Heavy metal contaminants pose a widespread
environmental problem due to their toxicity, persistence, and
non-biodegradable nature. The fate and transport of metal ions in
natural and anthropogenically perturbed environments are largely
controlled by sorption and complexation reactions with mineral
surfaces in soil and sediments. However, biofilms and natural
organic matter (NOM) are ubiquitous in natural environments, and
often partially coat fine-grained minerals such as common Fe- and
Al-(oxy)hydroxides. These coatings contain abundant reactive
functional groups, and are expected to induce significant
modifications to the properties of mineral surfaces and to compete
for metal-ion sorption with the mineral surface. Despite
significant research efforts on metal-ion interactions with
minerals, bacterial surfaces and NOM, the potential effects of
organic coatings on mineral reactivity and their influence on
metal-ion sorption are largely unverified experimentally due to the
complexity of the systems and the lack of appropriate analytical
tools. This knowledge gap has been further complicated by the fact
that multiple metal ions are often present together in natural
systems and may interfere with each other in sorption reactions.
Therefore, information about metal-ion partitioning between mineral
surfaces and organic coatings at complex environmental interfaces,
including multi-metal-ion and multi-component systems, is required
for better understanding metal cycling under realistic
environmental conditions. In this research, the partitioning of
selected metal ions such as Pb(II) and Zn(II) between organic
coatings and underlying highly polished, oriented single-crystal
α-Fe2O3 and α-Al2O3 substrates was systematically measured in
biofilm (NOM)/metal-oxide/water systems using synchrotron-based
long-period x-ray standing wave fluorescence yield (LP-XSW-FY)
spectroscopy. A multi-layer biofilm (S. oneidensis MR-1), a highly
reactive organic compound (PAA), and a soil-based humic acid
(Elliott soil humic acid) were used as model organic coatings.
These three organic coatings vary significantly in chemical
reactivity (i.e. the number and types of reactive functional groups
and their metal-binding affinities), and represent several common
types of organic coatings that exist in nature. The result of this
research provides valuable insights about the effects of common
types of organic coatings on metal-ion sorption and mineral
reactivity. We found that metal-ion distributions at complex
biofilm (NOM)/metal-oxide/water interfaces are governed by the
intrinsic properties of both the thin-film coatings and the
underlying metal-oxide substrates, including the nature of binding
sites, their metal-binding affinities, and the surface charges of
the organic coatings and metal-oxide surfaces, as well as extrinsic
parameters such as solution composition, the presence of competing
ions, and reaction time. By using three types of organic coatings
with dramatically different chemical reactivities, we confirmed a
general trend occurring at…


The title TTF derivatives and their tricyclic valence isomers afford the same bicyclic dications upon two-electron oxidation, and the resulting dications regenerate either one or the other of the two isomers selectively upon reduction.


In a B-R buffer solution of pH 2.21,with 0.1 mol·L-1 KCl solution as supporting electrolyte,a sensitive reductive wave of phoxim was found at the potential of-0.72 V(vs.Ag/AgCl electrode).Linear relationship between the peak current(Ip) and concentration of phoxim was obtained in the range of 4×10-5-8×10-4mol·L-1,with the scanning rate of 100 mV·s-1.In analyzing a sample of phoxim for 6 times,an average value of 3.42% was obtained with its value RSD 1.7%.Test for recovery was made by the standard addition method,and values of recovery obtained were in the range of 98.6%-103.6%.The mechanism of the electrochemical reduction of phoxim at the glassy carbon electrode was proved to be an irreversible process.


Covid-19 has rapidly became a major public health crisis. Several public health and containment measures were deployed to contain this epidemy; however, a return to a normal life could only be expected after the generalization of anti-Covid 19 vaccination, allowing a global collective immunity. The success of this campaign depends essentially on the acceptance of the new Covid-19 vaccines. We conducted a descriptive and analytical observational cross-sectional study to evaluate the acceptability of Covid-19 vaccines, among resident and intern doctors at the Mohammed VI University Hospital in Marrakech, to determine the factors associated with vaccine acceptance, and the reasons for hesitation or nonacceptance of vaccination. Out of 145 participants (59.1% female, mean age 26.6 years), 89.7% received the vaccine at least partially. 49% of our population did not delay their vaccination and intended to complete it, so we considered them accepting. However, 40.7% were considered hesitant because of delayed or abandoned Covid-19 vaccination. People living alone and resident physicians in medical or biological specialties were the most likely to accept vaccination. Factors influencing refusal or hesitation included: speed of vaccine development, fear of adverse effects, lack of information on vaccine efficacy, acquisition of natural immunity following previous infection with Covid-19, lack of confidence in the pharmaceutical industry. Doctors' general attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccination, in our study, are positive, but specific concerns about the COVID-19 vaccine are widespread. Addressing barriers to vaccination in these groups will be essential to avoid exacerbating the health inequalities highlighted by this pandemic.


Objective:To observe the driver pulmicort suspension liquid oxygen inhalation and albuterol treatment of acute attack of asthma in children clinical curative effect.Methods:randomized study group,60 patients with acute attack of asthma patients were randomly divided into two groups,and 30 cases.Two cases were adopted anti-infection,oxygen,sputum aspiration,intravenous drip comprehensive treatment,and aminophylline in treatment group based on the driver with oxygen inhalation and Salbutamol Pulmicort treatment.Results:the observation group symptoms,signs,the average time significantly in short to disappear in control group(P0.05),the two groups was statistically significant.Conclusions:acute attack of asthma patients pulmicort application with suspension of inhaled Albuterol symptoms,shorten the duration of symptoms than control group,remarkable curative effect.And did not find any side effects.


The preparation of Rancangan Kawasan Khas is subject to Town & Country Planning Act 1976, reflecting the importance of Janda Baik as an essential eco tourism spot. The environmental sector is crucial as it should be the basis for tourism based on the availability of stream and serenity of surrounding. However, there are threats to the natural environmental resources. The proposals on environmental conservation will guide Bentong Municipal Council in planning and managing this area. An environmental sensitive area plan is the key product of environmental sector.As a statutory document, this is a policy guidance to the government agencies and other stakeholders.


Ab initio calculations were performed on CH 3CH2OOH, CH3CHClOOH, and CH3CCl2OOH molecules using the Gaussian92 system of programs. Geometries of stable rotational conformers and transition states for internal rotation were optimized at the RHF/6-31G* and MP2/6-31G* levels of theory. Harmonic vibrational frequencies were computed at the RHF/6-31G* level of theory. Potential barriers for internal rotations were calculated at the MP2/6-31G**/HF/6-31G* level. Parameters of the Fourier expansion of the hindrance potentials have been tabulated. Standard entropies ( S°298) and heat capacities ( Cp(T)'s, 300e T/K e 1500) were calculated using the rigid-rotor -harmonic-oscillator approximation based on the information obtained from theab initio studies. Contributions from hindered rotors were calculated by summation over the energy levels obtained by direct diagonalization of the Hamiltonian matrix of hindered internal rotations. Enthalpies of formation for these three molecules were calculated using isodesmic reactions. Enthalpies of formation were calculated to be ∆Hf°298(CH3CH2OOH)) -41.5( 1.5 kcal mol -1, ∆Hf°298(CH3CHClOOH)) -50.9 ( 3.4 kcal mol -1, and∆Hf°298(CH3CCl2OOH) ) -55.3( 2.2 kcal mol -1. Entropies ( S°298) are calculated to be 76.1, 79.2 and 86.6 cal mol -1 K-1 for CH3CH2OOH, CH3CHClOOH, and CH3CCl2OOH, respectively.


Cluster analysis based on major elements demonstrates existence of granite, granodiorite and tonalites as distinct natural sub-population in the Sendra granitoid suite. The peraluminous granite with limited variation in mineralogy and chemistry is characterised by higher total iron, K 2 O, mol. A/CNK, K 2 O/Na 2 O, Rb, Ba, Li and lower Sr as compared to the granodiorites and tonalites of the suite. Different trends for tonalites. granodiorites and granites in variation diagrams coupled with lower DI values of the granites in comparison to some of the tonalites and granodiorites, disallow interpretation of their relationship in terms of closed system equilibrium crystal fractionation or rcstite unmixing. Principal component analysis of the data negates the possibility of the geochemical variations being controlled by a single process. The presence of mafic microgranular enclaves (MME) in the granodiorite and tonalite suggest mixing of the felsic and mafic magmas. The homogeneous nature of the granite and the absence of tonalitic and granodioritic components in the Chang pluton are due to emplacement of unadulterated granitic melt generated in the lower crustal region by basaltic underplating. The granodiorite and tonalite with variable chemical composition, represent subsequent mixing of granitic melt with the underplating basaltic magma and different degrees of thermal and chemical disequilibrium in the hybrid magma.


The aim of the paper is to demonstrate, based on the results of respective numerical simulations of a drawing process, how springback of a steel sheet drawn part is affected by stiffness degradation, which results from the material damage evolved during the forming process. For the purpose of the presented paper the GTN (Gurson-Tvergaard-Needleman) damage constitutive model coupled with Mori-Tanaka approach has been implemented in ABAQUS/Explicit via VUMAT user material subroutine, while integration of the constitutive model is performed with a numerical scheme developed recently by the authors. Parameters of the constitutive model are identified, for authenticity of the paper, from the measurement data obtained from classical tensile tests of cold rolled stainless steel EN 1.4301, as well as from the measured stiffness degradation, as a function ofthe plastic strain. From a comparative analysis of numerical results of the springback behaviour, investigated on the Demeri springback cup test under assumption of different constitutive models, it can be concluded, that stiffness degradation should be incorporated in simulations of sheet metal forming. Its influence on a predicted final shape of a steel sheet drawn part is namely too significant to be neglected.


The Antimicrobial Stewardship Program (ASP) team at the National University Hospital (NUH) Singapore has compiled intravenous to oral (IV‐to‐PO) antibiotics conversion guidelines and conducted training sessions with pharmacists on IV‐to‐PO conversion. The primary aim of this study was to assess compliance with IV‐to‐PO guidelines, pre‐ and post‐implementation of training, and to evaluate the acceptance rate and timeliness of pharmacist interventions for IV‐to‐PO antibiotic conversion. A chart‐review study for two cohorts of patients newly prescribed IV clindamycin or metronidazole was conducted over two 6‐week periods following training sessions detailing hospital recommendations for converting suitable patients to oral therapy. Cases were reviewed to compare IV‐to‐PO interventions by the end of 7 days and review the effectiveness of training and timeliness of any pharmacist intervention. There was no difference in proportion of patients suitable, but not converted to oral therapy by the end of 1 week (41/125 vs 30/115, p = 0.255) following the training session. There was also no significant difference in documented IV‐to‐PO antibiotic intervention rates (3/41 vs 5/30, p = 0.18) by pharmacists. Few pharmacists are actively intervening to convert patients from IV‐to‐PO antibiotics. Training was ineffective in improving intervention rates. These results show that the ASP team needs to come up with better strategies to ensure timely interventions for IV‐to‐PO antibiotic conversion.


With the development of economy, logistics becomes more and more important. Logistics efficiency depends on the structure of logistics networks. This paper briefly review the studies about complex networks from perspectives of statistical properties, structural models and application areas. Logistics networks and complex networks have same behavior pattern, so we can apply the theories of complex networks to the research of logistics networks. We can analyze the internal mechanism of logistics networks with complex networks. We can study the relationship between local interaction of logistics network nodes and robustness of networks, adaptability of networks, global evolution.


Dr. Thomas Edward (Ed) Freeman, plant pathologist and turfgrass specialist, died on Tuesday, September 16, 2003 in Gainesville, Florida, at the age of 73. Ed was a native of Mississippi, where he attended primary and secondary schools. He received his bachelor of science degree in biology from Millsap College in 1952. Ed earned his MS and Ph.D. degree in plant pathology in 1954 and 1956, respectively, from Louisiana State University, after which he joined the faculty of the University of Florida's Plant Pathology Department. He was a member of Lambda Chi Alpha fraternity, Sigma Xi, and Phi Kappa Phi. Ed served the university in the capacities of assistant, associate, and professor of plant pathology, acting department chairman, and acting assistant Dean for research. Although holding teaching and extension assignments at various times, his primary efforts have been in basic and applied research in two areas: (i) elucidation of the etiology, occurrence, and control of turfgrass diseases and (ii) biological control of weeds (primarily aquatic) with plant pathogens. From 1980 to 1992, Ed coordinated the UF/IFAS turfgrass program. In that capacity, he worked closely with the turfgrass industry through the Florida Turfgrass Association. In 1985, this group honored him with their highest award, the coveted "Wreath of Grass." In 1992, they further honored him with a special achievement award "To honor a career of distinguished service to Florida's turf industry through his contributions of research and education." After he retired, he built a cactus-growing hobby into a "beer money" enterprise. He also was an avid saltwater fisherman, spending much of his time in Cedar Key, Florida. He was a president of the Gainesville Offshore Fishing Club and an active member of the Kiwanis Club. Dr. Freeman was a positive influence on the lives of his students. In noting those influences, former graduate students Drs. Michael T. Olexa, Director of the Agricultural Law Center at the University of Florida, and Raymond D. Martyn, Jr., Chair of the Botany and Plant Pathology Department at Purdue University, stated that he allowed them the freedom to explore many avenues of research, which helped nurture the creative spirit of good scientists and educators. Both agreed that one of the most important lessons they learned from their mentor was that you're never too old to learn. He always expected his students to do more and learn more than he did. Ed Freeman was never ashamed to admit that he didn't know something and was eager to learn about a new technique or result. Both aforementioned students have applied his philosophy of learning to their own students and career development. To these and other former students, he was a quiet man, a great man, and a good friend and mentor. Dr. Freeman is survived by his wife of 50 years, Ruth Imogene (Gene); son, Thomas Harrell; daughter, Roxane Ethel McGinnis; brother, Barry Freeman; and grandchildren, Whitney and Mason McGinnis.


Krylov-subspace methods, such as the multistage Wiener filter and conjugate gradient method, are often used for reduced-dimension adaptive beamforming. These techniques do not, however, allow for steering vector mismatch, which is typically present in many applications of interest, including passive sonar. Here, we discuss recently proposed robust methods that do allow for steering vector mismatch by combining Krylov-subspace methods with robust Capon beamforming techniques. We present experimental data examples that illustrate the benefits of using these algorithms in passive sonar.


All cells need to receive nutrients and to eliminate their metabolic wastes. In order to do that, during body growth and tissue regeneration, physiologic angiogenese occurs. However, in some diseases, such as cancer, this vascular growth mechanism also is triggered. For neoplasias establishment, expansion and metastization is fundamental that tumors stimulate the production of their own vessels, a process known as tumoral angiogenesis. A better understanding of the interaction between the tumor and his vascular structures will help to improve antiangiogenic treatments not only for cancer itself, but also for preventing neoplasias installation and recurrence.


At present,the rural food quality security has presented more austerity situation in China,under this background,the author reached preliminary conclusions about food quality security current situation in under-developed rural areas by investigating on-the-spot,and hope those conclusion will offer empirical consulting for the research and decision of rural food quality security problem in China.


Summary

The presence of antibodies directed against Bovine Leukemia Virus (BLV) antigens was studied by complement-fixation technique in 245 animals from 5 leukemic herds. Fifty animals reacted positively to the CF test while 45 were immunodiffusion-positive and 41 had hematological disorders (lymphocytes counts) classified as leukemic or suspicious by the Key of Gottingen. Sixty-five animals showed a positive response to at least one test applied; twenty-eight were positive in the three tests. The best correlation found was between complement-fixation and immuno-diffusion (94.3% agreement).

Zusammenfassung

Untersuchungen zur Diagnose der enzootischen Rinderleukose mit der Komplementbindungsreaktion

Von 245 Rindern aus 5 Herden reagierten 50 in der Komplementbindungsreaktion gegenuber Leukosevirus-Antigenen positiv. Im Immunodiffusionstest waren 45 Tiere positiv und 41 Tiere waren hamatologisch Leukosepositiv oder - verdachtig.

65 Tiere zeigten eine positive Reaktion in mindestens einem der drei Teste und 28 in allen drei Testen. Die beste Ubereinstimmung bestand zwischen Komplementbindungsreaktion und Immunodiffusionstest (94,3%).

Resume

Recherches sur le diagnostic de la leucose enzootique bovine au moyen de la reaction de fixation du complement

50 bovins sur 245 en provenance de 5 troupeaux ont reagi positivement avec des antigenes du virus de la leucose dans la reaction de fixation du complement. 45 animaux furent positifs dans le test d'immunodiffusion et 41 animaux furent positifs ou suspects hematologiquement. 65 animaux ont montre une reaction positive dans au moins un des trois tests et 28 dans les trois tests. La meilleure concordance se situe entre la reaction de fixation du complement et l'immunodiffusion (94,3%).

Resumen

Estudios relativos al diagnostico de la leucosis bovina enzootica con la reaccion de fijacion del complemento

Entre 245 vacunos de 5 vaquerias reaccionaban 50 positivamente en la reaccion de fijacion del complemento frente a antigenos-virus de la leucosis. En la prueba de inmunodifusion hubo 45 animales positivos y 41 animales eran hematologicamente positivos o sospechosos de leucosis.

65 animales mostraban una reaccion positiva en una al menos de las tres pruebas y 28 en todas las tres pruebas. La coincidencia mejor existio entre la reaccion de fijacion del complemento y la prueba de inmunodifusion (94.3%).


The actual sides of the valued world of the Ukrainian young people light up in the article, in particular – students. Negative displays in the system of the valued orientations of young people, their reason, and actual ways of their overcoming are marked by facilities of the system of higher education. At the same time, an author marks a positive tendency to activation of young people in public and political life, to growth of patriotic consciousness, caused Revolution of Dignity and aggressive actions of the Russian invaders and separatists. An author grounds the necessity of strengthening of patriotic, national-patriotic and militarypatriotic education of young people for the system of a public educate policy, higher initial establishments of Ukraine. The key words : Ukrainian society, Ukrainian student young people, system of higher education of Ukraine. valued orientations of young people, patriotic, national, military-patriotic education of young people.


10602 Background: There is great need to build and evaluate tools and strategies to improve cascade genetic risk evaluation in families at high risk for hereditary cancer. The Genetic Information and Family Testing (GIFT) Trial (CA254822) is a population-based intervention that examines features of a virtual platform that provides genetic risk education (GRE) and low-cost genetic testing (GT) to relatives of adult patients diagnosed with cancer in 2018-19 in Georgia and California and tested positive for a clinically relevant germline pathogenic variant (PV). We present findings of a pilot study intended to inform the GIFT Trial protocol and platform features. Methods: We surveyed 277 women diagnosed with breast cancer in 2017, reported to the Georgia SEER registry, and received genetic testing (95% of whom had a clinically relevant PV). We then invited respondent patients to enroll in the intervention phase which provided online GRE, human pretest genetic navigator support, and an offer of low-cost GT through Color Health, Inc. to all untested 1st or 2nd degree relatives. Respondent patients were eligible for the intervention if they reported a PV on genetic testing and had at least one relative who had not received GT. Enrolled patients invited relatives through the platform by providing email addresses. Family clusters were block randomized to free vs $50 test costs at the time of the initial patient invitation. Results: At study midpoint, 117 of 277 patients (42%) had returned surveys: median age was 51 and 22% were African American. The most frequent PVs reported by the patients were BRCA1/2 (41%), CHEK2 (21%), and PALB2 (8%). Half (54%) had previously encouraged all of their brothers to get GT and 71% had encouraged all of their sisters to get GT. Three-quarters (78%) strongly agreed it was important for relatives to understand their genetic risk for cancer, and half (54%) strongly agreed they would like to make it easier for relatives to get genetic testing. The median number of patient-reported untested relatives in a family was 8.5 (25th-75th percentile: 4-14). Most respondent patients were eligible for the intervention phase (N = 108, 93%). About one-quarter had enrolled in the intervention at midpoint (16 of 53 in no-cost arm vs 16 of 55 in $50 arm). Patients in the no-cost arm invited 21 relatives, 10 of whom had enrolled with 8 ordering GT (38% of invited relatives). Patients in the $50 arm invited 38 relatives, 18 of whom had enrolled with 17 ordering GT (45% of invited relatives). Overall, about half of enrolled relatives (46%) were men. Conclusions: Breast cancer patients with PVs make substantial efforts to communicate with family members about genetic risk; but they strongly endorse the need for additional support to facilitate this complex communication. Interim pilot findings suggest that a low-cost online navigator-supported intervention can directly engage relatives with little difference in GT uptake by test cost arms.


Tropospheric delay (TD) parameter estimation is a critical issue underlying high-precision data processing for global navigation satellite systems (GNSSs). The most widely used TD parameter estimation methods are the random walk (RW) and piece-wise constant (PWC). The RW method can effectively track rapid variations of tropospheric delay, but it may introduce excessive noise. In contrast, the PWC method introduces less noise, but it is less adaptable to cases of large variations of tropospheric delay. To address the problem of how to choose the optimal TD parameter estimation method, this paper investigates the variation patterns of international GNSS service zenith tropospheric delay (IGS ZTD) products and proposes a combined strategy model for TD parameter estimation. Firstly, this paper avoids the day-boundary jumps problem of IGS ZTD products by grouping based on single-day data. Secondly, this paper introduces discrete point areas (DPAs) to measure the magnitude of the ZTD values and uses comprehensive indicators to reflect the variation of ZTD. Next, based on the Köppen-Geiger climate classification, this study selected five different climate classifications with a total of 20 IGS stations as experimental data. The data assessed span from day of year (DOY) 001 to DOY 365 in 2022. This paper then applied 26 different parameter estimation strategies for static precise point positioning (PPP) data processing, and the parameter estimation strategies that were used include the RW and PWC (with the piece-wise constant ranging from twenty minutes to five hundred minutes at twenty-minute intervals). Finally, ZTD and positioning results were obtained using various parameter estimation methods, and a combined strategy model was established. We selected five different climate classifications of IGS stations as validation data and designed three sets of comparative experiments: RW, PWC120, and the combined strategy model, to verify the effectiveness of the combined strategy model. The experimental results revealed that: RW and the combined strategy model have a comparable ZTD accuracy and both are superior to PWC120. The combined strategy model improves the positioning accuracy in the U direction compared to RW and PWC120. In arid (B) and polar (E) regions with a small variation of TD, the PWC120 strategy displayed a better positioning accuracy than the RW strategy; in equatorial (A) and warm-temperate (C) regions, where there are large variations of TD, the RW strategy exhibited a better positioning accuracy than the PWC120 strategy. The combined strategy model can flexibly select the optimal parameter estimation method according to the comprehensive indicator while ensuring ZTD estimation accuracy; it enhances positioning accuracy.


Abstract : In 1980, six satellite-tracked buoys were deployed on icebergs along the coast of Greenland. One of these icebergs was in the Denmark Straits east of Greenland while the remaining five were in Baffin Bay. The icebergs were tracked using System ARGOS. The drift speeds near Greenland and rarely exceeded 0.20 m/s with speeds less than 0.10 m/s being most common. the speed of the one iceberg that drifted to the North American side of Baffin Bay was higher (up to 0.65 m/s) after reaching the western side of Baffin Bay. The data supports a conclusion that icebergs reaching the western side of Baffin Bay come from glaciers north of 74-30N. The icebergs tracked were grounded for 63% of the time tracked. (Author)


A modest work by its size but famous at the same rime» « The unity of psychalogy* by Lagache experiences a very paradoxical fate: the more it is bought, the more its thesis of a unity in psychology is compromised, and its author forgotten to such a point that, becoming a « floating meaning », it is creating today the link and the binder that is gathering, as if by magic, the community of french psychologists. By approaching it as an Archive» our analysis of the book is as such a sketch of the genealogy of french psychology. The book having been written in two parts» our stud; is based on these two parts ; first, the analysis of the original version of 1949» then the rewritten version of 1969, After a brief historic reminder, we can extract, in the first part, the two points that coexist in the initial text: a first incantatory act of self assertion that creates the unity on a spiritual way; and a second act of ideological implanting that gives birth to psychology, ail this participating to a global process of fetishizing the book. Then we analyse in the second part, on one hand the attempted but partly failed idea of an epistemological revision of psychology» that has been introduced by Lagache in an article of 1966 and found again in the republication of 1969; on the other hand the general configuration from which it emerges. This point leads us to Sartre who takes psychology out of an original aporia by including it in a phenomenological philosophy and to Lacan who has to « kill » psychology so that its attempt of annexation of Freud's letter may occur. Out of these preparatory studies, we consider the second version as the institution of the idol of psychology.


The chip of smart card stores private sensitive defense data of user,which concerns the benefits of customers and mobile phone service providers. To enhance the security and correctness of data with a limited capacity chip is a critical problem. The security module architecture of chip operating system in evolution data of CDMA2000 was designed,and the network access authentication algorithm was put forward with a space optimization method. The file access control,message authentication and data encryption for communication were designed,and the power down protection while modifying flash memory or update several files was introdued. Experimental results prove that the system can run stably,effectively and safely,and ensures the integrity,validity,authenticity of data in storage and transmission between smart card and network.


Aphids. Persistent Transmission of Luteoviruses by Aphids. Fungi. Whitefly Transmissions. Nematodes. Beetles. Thrips As Vectors of Tospoviruses. Virus Transmission by Leafhoppers, Planthoppers and Treehoppers (Auchenorrhyncha, Homoptera). Other Vectors.


There has been a small accumulation of studies of clinician-child discourse. Early work has demonstrated the value of careful description of real lessons as they are carried out by clinicians working with speech and language-disordered children. In this descriptive report the role of non verbal communication is emphasized, particularly with reference to pointing as a clinical teaching device. Transcriptions of three clinician-led lessons were analysed. The results verified the systematic nature of pointing as an augmentation to remedial control. The need for full descriptions of nonverbal communication as it facilitates lesson applications is discussed.


Adopting 2×2 mixed design,the research investigates characteristics of comprehension monitoring and control of students with learning disabilities(LD),with the score of immediate learning judgment and allocation of study time as the indices.32 LD students and 34 excellent students aged between 15 and 16 years old in a high school in Jinhua are examined with two levels of reading materials.The results show that LD students'scores of immediate learning judgment with different levels of reading materials are significantly lower than those of excellent students,and LD students' time spent on reading materials of high level difficulty is significantly less than that of excellent students.


The rapid development of numerous emerging network services poses a challenge to the network resources allocation with their bandwidth requirements and statistical characteristics. Network traffic modeling plays an important role in network resources allocation which can be used to guarantee Quality-of-Service (QoS) of these new services. In this study, we analyzed the service composition and traffic characteristics of the spreading teleconsultation service and establish a traffic model. The obtained experimental results show that the proposed methodology which combines discrete autoregressive model (DAR) and wavelet analysis provides good accuracy in teleconsultation service traffic modeling. Keywords—service traffic model; video traffic; discrete autoregressive model; wavelet model


apping wing micro air vehicles is presented. The apping wing micro air vehicle used in this paper is modeled as a system of three rigid bodies: a body and two wings. The design is based on an insect called Drosophila Melanogaster, commonly known as fruit-y. The mass and inertial eects of the wing on the body are neglected for the present work. The nonlinear dynamics is simulated with the apping frequency as the control input. Simulations are run for dierent cases of wing positions and plots for chosen parameters are obtained. Simulations show a qualitative consistency in the boundedness of the parameters for the nonlinear model.


When a Genetic Algorithm is used to tackle a constrained problem, it is necessary to set a penalty weight for each constraint type, so that, if the individual violates a given constraint it will be penalized accordingly. Traditionally, penalty weights remain static throughout the generations. This paper presents an approach to allow the adaptation of weights, where the penalty function takes feedback from the search process. Although, the idea is not new since other related approaches have been reported in the literature, the work presented here considers problems which contain several kinds of constraints. The method is successfully tested for the congress timetabling problem, a difficult problem and with many practical applications. Further analysis is presented to support the efficiency of the technique.


The grain-boundary-diffusion coefficient (Dgb) of strontium in La0.9Ca0.13CrO3-δ was determined by secondary-ion mass spectrometry (SIMS), using two different measurement modes: depth profiling from the surface and line scanning on the fracture surface. The depth profiles that were sputtered by an O2+-primary-ion beam gave two slopes of strontium concentration profiles, which corresponded to grain (bulk) and grain-boundary diffusion. The depth profiles were fitted to an appropriate equation that gave the grain- (bulk-) and grain-boundary-diffusion coefficients (Dbulk= 6.5 × 10-20 m2/s and Dgb= 1.6 × 10-15 m2/s in air at 1273 K, respectively). Initially, to obtain the Dgb value via the SIMS line-scanning measurement, the fracture surface of La0.9Ca0.13CrO3-delta was measured by a low-energy O2+-primary-ion beam. The line-scanning measurement enabled us to successfully determine the strontium concentration profiles around the grain boundary. However, the Dgb value that was obtained via the line-scanning mode was 6.0 10−13 m2/s, which was a factor of 100 greater than that which was obtained by the depth-profile mode. Comparison between the depth-profile and line-scanning modes will require additional careful examination.


This is sadly the last book of George Hourani, who died in 1984 when it was in press. Hourani was one of the few writers on Islamic philosophy who produced work of philosophical rather than just scholarly interest. This collection includes fifteen previously published articles which will be generally unknown to the philosophical community since they have appeared in orientalist books and periodicals. Despite being a collection, this book does possess genuine thematic unity, concentrating as it does upon two topics which fascinated Hourani, namely, the ontological status of value in Islamic ethics and the source of knowledge of such values. This book could serve as a useful introduction to the place of ethics in Islam, in law and theology as well as in philosophy. A tripartite distinction is early on established by Hourani and followed throughout the book. The Mutazilite theologians argued that values have an objective existence and can be apprehended either by independent human reason, or from scriptural tradition, or sometimes by both. The philosophers, influenced as they were by Greek thought and especially by Aristotle, are taken to argue that values are objective and knowable entirely by the use of independent reason by anyone with the appropriate intellectual faculties. While the philosophers take themselves to understand the real objective nature of ethics, they have to accept that moral language is far more persuasive if presented as prophetically revealed truth in the sort of imaginative religious language which is capable of moving ordinary people.


The objective of the research was to examine customers' values and attitudes regarding environmental sustainability in rural tourism. The thesis is part of the KESMA II project the purpose of which is to develop the sustainability of enterprises in the field of the rural tourism and utilize it in selling and marketing. Enterprises in rural tourism want to develop their businesses in order to comply with environmental sustainability. The problem is that these enterprises do not know the customers' points of view, which is important in a continuum of the business. In order to gather detailed data on the customers' values and attitudes, qualitative research methods were applied. Consequently, two kinds of qualitative methods were used to get more valuable information about the customers. The diary method was seen as a good way to get information otherwise inaccessible. The purpose of the phone interviews was to get direct answers to direct questions and receive more valuable information. The results of the research indicate that Finns are generally aware of sustainable development in tourism and of environmental sustainability in particular. The research revealed that customers support the intentions of rural tourism enterprises to be more environmentally friendly. It also gave vital information to the enterprises on customers' needs and opinions. The results can be utilized in enterprises' customer-oriented marketing and service development. Enterprises can develop more customer friendly products and services based on the results, which guarantees that a customer uses the same services again.


Objective : Recently, an innovative intramedullary device was introduced for the fixation of the capital fragment in the distal metatarsal chevron osteotomy. The aim of the present study was to compare the outcomes of locking plate and intramedullary device fixation in the distal metatarsal chevron osteotomy in the surgical treatment of hallux valgus. Material and Methods : We reviewed 29 patients (29 feet) treated with distal metatarsal chevron osteotomies fixated by locking plate or intramedullary device for hallux valgus. Locking plate fixation were used for 14 patients (14 feet) and intramedullary device fixation were used for 15 patients (15 feet). Results : The mean follow-up period was 31 (6–56) months. The locking plate and intramedullary device groups did not differ significantly with respect to age, affected side, surgical time, duration of hospital stay, follow – up period or postoperative American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society scores (p>0.05). The hallux valgus angle and the intermetatarsal angle decreased significantly in both the locking plate and the intramedullary device groups (p<0.01). Two patients (14.3%) in the locking plate group and 5 patients (33.3%) in the intramedullary device group had implant removal surgery because of implant irritation but the difference in implant removal rates were not statistically significant. Conclusion: We found both locking plate and intramedullary device fixation methods were effective in the fixation of distal metatarsal chevron osteotomy for correction of moderate hallux valgus. However, both locking plate and intramedullary device fixation methods were associated with a relatively high implant removal rate.


In the technical work on low temperature so far lacks a full analysis of the basis of thermodynamic processes using modern methods. Meanwhile, the low temperature conventions widely used in different fields. The purpose of this section is to give readers tools for thermodynamic studies and presents changes in the system on a fairly low temperature, intuitive nature and practices for analysis low-temperature processes related to cold and depth on the basis of using a unified approach. The low temperature process is applied in a number of techniques including basic process repeated. So it is best to preliminary studies the changing characteristics of our energy to then study the overall process.


Objective To investigate the infection of Helicobacter pylori(Hp) and its relationship to serum lipids in acute myocardial infarction (AMI).Methods Serological antibodies of anti-Hp-Cag A and anti- Hp were determined in 59 cases of AMI and 30 healthy controls by ELASA assay. The positive rate of Hp and its relationship with age, sex, and the levels of serum lipids were analyzed.Results anti-Hp and anti-Hp-Cag A antibody positive rates in AMI patients were obviously higher than those in controls (P0.01) ,and it was related with age increasing, however, the positive rate was stable after 55 yeas old. Serum levels of cholesterol, triglyceride and lipoprotein and low density lipoprotein including apolipoprotein A1 and B were higher but high density lipoprotein was lower than those of controls (P0.05).Conclusions Hp infection may induce the occurrence of AMI by modify the serum lipid profile in a way that increases the risk of atherosclerosis.


In 2006, the British company Mecom bought up the Norwegian company Orkla Media, an important player in eight European countries. The article discusses the possible effects from two perspectives, (1) Hallin and Mancini's `Three Models of Media and Politics' and (2) the old and new media order described by the Norwegian `Power and Democracy' study. From perspective (1), the takeover will put the Norwegian media system to the test, as Mecom represents the liberal and Norway the democratic corporatist model. The article examines the takeover in relation to the criteria Hallin and Mancini use to distinguish between the models, and pays particular attention to the burden of defining one's journalistic stand as social responsibility, drawing partly on lessons from the US. With regard to perspective (2), it is noted that Norway has already implemented salient features of the liberal model. Mecom, however, adds an international dimension, and its commercialism may be different from that of Norway's new media order.


OBJECTIVE
We aimed to evaluate the relationship between job stress and subclinical cardiovascular disease at ELSA-Brasil.

METHODS
We considered job stress domains (demand, skill discretion, decision authority, and social support) as independent variables and coronary artery calcium (CAC more than 0) and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT more than P75% as a continuous variable) as dependent ones. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were presented crude, with further adjustments for sociodemographic, cardiovascular risk factors, and lifestyle variables. Linear regression models were built for CIMT using the same covariates.

RESULTS
Although significant associations were observed in the crude models, after multivariate adjustment CAC and CIMT were not significantly associated with demand, skill discretion, decision authority, and social support.

CONCLUSIONS
Our results did not support an association between job stress and subclinical cardiovascular disease measured by CAC or CIMT.


Defects such as dislocations and grain boundaries generally govern the efficiency of silicon-based solar cells. The use of a proper passivation layer can substantially increase the energy conversion efficiency. In this study, spot-like defects on the aluminum oxide passivation layer were observed. The formation and variation of spot-like defects were found to be affected by the thermal annealing temperature of the passivation surface. The density of spot-like defects was varied from 1.92 × 104 /cm2 to 3.13 × 105 /cm2 at different annealing temperature. Furthermore, the numbers of spot-like defects were affected by the heating and cooling speed. For the purpose of obtaining high minority carrier lifetime and low hillock defect density simultaneously, using a lower heating and cooling speed in thermal annealing process was suggested. In this study, the obtained minority carrier lifetime and density of spot-like defect with an optimized annealing condition were 166 μs and 8.84 × 103/cm2, respectively.


We devise our concept of OFDM HSDPA interface for UMTS downlink and consider channel aware transmission from base station to multiple users in a single cell using feedback reports. We provide strategies to cope with the necessary control information in upand downlink. We verify our concept with simulations that show the potential of our scheme. I. OVERVIEW UMTS EVOLUTION There are currently significant efforts to enhance the downlink capacity of UMTS within the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) UTRAN standardization body. Recent contributions [1] show that alternatively using OFDM as the downlink air interface yields superior performance and higher implementation-efficiency compared to standard WCDMA and is therefore an attractive candidate for the UMTS cellular system. Furthermore, due to fine frequency resolution, OFDM offers flexible resource allocation schemes and the possibility of interference management in a multicell environment [2]. It is therefore self-evident that OFDM will be examined in the context of High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) (so-called OFDM HSDPA hereafter) where channel quality information is used at Node B in order to boost link capacity and support packet-based multimedia services by proper scheduling of available resources. First introduced in the 3GPP Rel. 5 standard, HSDPA aims at peak data rates of approximately 10 Mbit/s. Rel. 7 will include antenna array and MIMO techniques and is expected to achieve peak data rates of 20-30 Mbit/s. The main features of HSDPA are as follows: • A combination of TDMA and CDMA is employed to enable fast scheduling in time (asserting time slots to User Equipments (UE)) and code domain (asserting a number of parallel channelization codes to UEs). • Fast flexible link adaptation is achieved by adaptive modulation, variable FEC coding and power control. • Hybrid-ARQ with incremental redundancy transmission. Additionally, it is worth noting that since HSDPA does not support frequency-selective scheduling only frequencynonselective channel quality information has to be reported back leading to a very low feedback rate. Obviously, the same channel information can be in principle used by OFDM HSDPA taking advantage of the higher spectral efficiency of OFDM air interface. Moreover, by exploiting frequencyselective channel information the OFDM downlink capacity can be theoretically further drastically increased. However, practically one faces the difficulty that frequency-selective scheduling affords a much higher feedback rate if the feedback scheme is not properly designed which can serve as a severe argument against the use of this system concept. Moreover, resource allocation is completely different to standard HSDPA and more elaborate due to huge number of degrees of freedom. Thus, in order to fully exploit the capability of OFDM HSDPA conceptional solutions for physical and MAC layer have to be devised which is the content of this paper. Contributions: We consider frequency-nonselective and frequency-selective resource scheduling of OFDM HSDPA system for UMTS and provide strategies for feedback and feedforward channel design, resource allocation and simulation methodology. In particular, we show that frequencyselective resource scheduling is critical in terms of feedback capacity and present a design concept taking care of the limited uplink resources of HSDPA. Our main idea is not to report the complete frequency response all at once but in parts depending on the mobility class of the UEs (we call this method mobility dependent successive refinement). Each part reported has a life cycle in which the channel information remains valid apart from an error that can be estimated and considered at Node B. If its life cycle is outdated the corresponding part has to be updated. Thus after all individual parts are reported the frequency response is fully available apart from the additional error that can be calculated for the mobility class. We show how resource allocation can be implemented exploiting the mobility information. Furthermore, we comment on the design of the feedforward channel. We verify our approach with extensive simulations in the final paper. Organization: We start with a short description of HSDPA followed by the prerequisites of OFDM HSDPA. In the remaining sections we introduce our concept. II. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF HSDPA A. Physical layer specification A HSDPA connection comprises several physical layer channels [3]: HS-PDSCH (High Speed Physical Downlink Shared Channel). The HS-PDSCH corresponds to one channelization code and carries the downlink user data. It has a fixed spreading factor and the rate can be variably selected per 2 ms Transmission Time Interval (TTI) by choosing appropriate modulation (4/16QAM) and FEC coding rate (1/3-2/3). Multicode transmission is allowed and up to 15 parallel channelisation codes can be assigned to one UE. For a code rate of 3/4 the maximum throughput is 10.8 Mbit/s. HS-SCCH (High Speed Shared Control Channel): HSSCCH carries the necessary control information required for the UE to decode the HS-PDSCH data. This information contains an UE identifier, the transport format information and the H-ARQ information. The transport format consists of transport block set size, modulation scheme and the allocated channelization code set. There is a fixed time offset between the start of the HS-SCCH information and the start of the corresponding HS-PDSCH subframe. Up to 4 HS-SCCHs make up a HS-SCCH set and the UE monitors continuously all the HS-SCCHs in an allocated set. More than one set can be used in a cell. HS-DPCCH (High Speed Dedicated Physical Control Channel): The UE transmits in HS-DPCCH a hybrid ACK/NACK based on CRC check and the 5 bit Channel Quality Indicator (CQI) to describe the channel conditions. Based on the measured received power in HS-CPICH, the power offset signaled by higher layers and the reference power adjustment, the UE estimates a total received power of HSPDSCH. Dependent on the Signal-To-Noise (SNR) conditions, the UE calculates the necessary transmission format for a HSPDSCH subframe for a transport BLock Error Rate (BLER) less than 10%. The transmission format is coded in 32 different CQI levels which index the setting of transport block size, number of channelization codes and modulation. However, Node B can adjust the HS-PDSCH transmission power to achieve the next defined transport level (1 dB power increase in CQI table). B. MAC layer specification In HSDPA main MAC functionalities are transfered to Node B. The MAC-hs comprises the following different functional entities: TFRC (Transport Format and Resource Combination) selection. TFRC selects an appropriate transport format and resource for the data to be transmitted. Flow Control. Flow Control fills up queues corresponding to their priority using certain flow control algorithm. Scheduler. The scheduler manages the network resources and handles the access of the priority queues. H-ARQ entity. The H-ARQ entity handles the hybrid ARQ functionality for one UE. Power control. Power control is also now a MAC layer entity. Fast power control is possible per TTI. III. OFDM AIR INTERFACE FOR HSDPA A. Physical layer specification In the OFDM HSDPA concept, the WCDMA air interface is replaced by an OFDM air interface. Thus, on physical layer several downlink channels have to be redesigned. Note that in the uplink physical layer channels such as HS-DPCCH carrying the CQI will be used as in HSDPA. However, generation and processing of CQI is different. Unlike WCDMA air interface where UEs are assigned to different orthogonal channelization codes each of them occupying the total available bandwidth, OFDM spreads out the information over orthogonal subcarriers with small bandwidth compared to the total bandwidth. The main advantage of OFDM is that the subcarriers remain approximately orthogonal after passing the channel (by using a guard interval of appropriate length) and allow for simple equalization and interference control. Thus, all resources are now part of an overall time-frequency resource carrying the data and control information. Note that in the current proposal the total number of degrees of freedom per TTI equals Ndof = 7946 [4](299 from 512 subcarriers, 27 OFDM symbols). Basically, for our purposes, the following channels have to be defined: OFDM-PDSCH. The HS-PDSCH downlink channel translates to OFDM-PDSCH carrying the data in the timefrequency resource. OFDM-CPICH. OFDM-CPICH carries the necessary control data for channel estimation for all UEs in order to enable recovery of the time-varying channel responses. In OFDM HSDPA a pilot estimation scheme is used where pilot subcarriers are distributed over the time frequency resource so as to satisfy the time and frequency sampling theorem. The power budget for OFDM-CPICH will be slightly increased compared to data subcarriers in order to enable reliable estimation in case of interference from other cells. OFDM-SCCH: The necessary signaling information per UE consisting of transmission modulation scheme, UE identifier, subcarrier assignment and H-ARQ process information is carried by OFDM-SCCH. Obviously, a higher number of simultaneously served UEs causes more overhead in the timefrequency resource. Neglecting the necessary control information for UE identifiers and H-ARQ information for the moment (that can be easily incorporated into the following formula) the maximum number of simultaneously served UEs Nmax is limited by Ndof and can be calculated as Nmax log2 (Nmod) Nbits Rc Nmax ∑ i=1 ⌈ Nsub,i Ngroup ⌉


Dawn Francis-Pester focuses on culture and diet. She discusses how childcarers can support and celebrate diversity through an openness towards different diets.


in vitrosystems. The results indicate that many DNA radicals produced in vitro or in vivoare terminated in cross-linking processes . The biological consequences of these processes depend on the existence of repair mechanisms for different kind of cross-links . It is proposed that radiation-induced crosslinking with DNA is a more sensitive index for radiation damage than changes in molecular weight .


Objectives : The purposes of this study are to investigate the efficacy of bamboo salt pharmacopuncture on nummular eczema. Methods : The patient was treated by bamboo salt pharmacopuncture and herbal medication. The improvement of the symtoms was evaluated by The SCORAD Index. Results : After treat...


In this paper we address the design of a distributed passive radar sensor network system, including the power allocation among sensors, as well as linear signal fusion, considering the channel state information (CSI) estimation error. Analytical solutions are obtained for each case, achieving an optimum performance. In particular, it is assumed that both sensing and communication wireless channels are estimated erroneously, however, with a known error covariance. The performance of the proposed methods is numerically evaluated over different levels of thermal noise and CSI error, where a superior performance is observed compared to the available designs which assume the availability of perfect CSI.


This paper introduces the pharmacodynamic effect and current cultivation of Dangshen(Codonopsis pilosula(Franch.) Nann),expounds the morphological characters of polyploidy Dangshen plant and the significance of the cytological research,and measures the ploidy features and polysaccharide content of polyploidy plant Ⅱ.


Aiming at the problem of the consumption of new energy, a combinatorial optimization method of time-period and electricity price is provided. Considering the contribution of user load and new energy output to peak-valley membership, the peak-valley period is determined; based on the theory of price elasticity, a user response model is established, and a new energy consumption model is provided; Then, with the goal of maximizing the consumption of new energy and minimizing users' cost, a combinatorial optimization model of time-period and electricity price was established; through decoupling time division and electricity price optimization, a 2-step optimization method was designed. The simulation results show that the model can effectively promote the consumption of new energy, and increase the user's willingness by reducing their electricity costs.


Objective:To explore the features of triphasic enhancement with multi-slice helical CT(MSCT) of hepatic artery.Methods: Triphasic MSCT of abdominal arteries were perform in 20 healthy individuals,in addition to conventional MSCT,to identify the features of enhancement in abdominal aorta,hepatic artery,spleen artery,portal vein,hepatic parenchyma and splenic parenchyma.Results: The enhanced arterial CT values(early,middle and late phases) were(143.97±65.46) Hu,(223.03±37.64) Hu and(232.91±47.70) Hu for abdominal aorta;(72.19±46.83) Hu,(136.42±39.54) Hu and(155.59±32.77) Hu for hepatic artery;(81.39±44.09) Hu,(168.71±36.72) Hu and(179.18±34.78) Hu for splenic artery;(3.60±1.59) Hu,(22.38±5.41) Hu and(59.26±7.54) Hu for portal vein;(2.01±0.25) Hu,(5.12±1.21) Hu and(11.93±2.35) Hu for hepatic parenchyma;(20.77±27.29) Hu,(51.09±35.39) Hu and(73.32±30.67) Hu for splenic parenchyma.Conclusion: Triphasic MSCT may be useful to delineate the features of enhancement in hepatic and splenic parenchyma,including their blood vessels.


INTRODUCTION
The authors related a right heart failure related to a primitive pulmonary arterial hypertension without past medical.

METHODS AND RESULTS
This diagnosis has been noticed on the cardiac catheterism as well as the cardiac echography (no shunt). Two years later systemic anomalies such as polyarthritis and salivary glands disease were noticed. The Biopsy revelated a primitive Gougerot-Sjorgen pseudolymphomas syndrom.

CONCLUSION
Three years under conventional treatment were a failure as the evolution of the disease resulted to death.


Water quench tests and ribbon tests were used to investigate the thermal-shock resistance of several commercial refractories that are candidates for use in slagging coal-gasifier linings. Both tests allowed ranking of the refractories with respect to thermal-shock resistance, and indicated that refractories with high alumina content generally have better resistance than those with high chromia content. The nature (discontinuous vs gradual) of the observed strength degradation for a single-cycle water quench was found to be in general agreement with that predicted from the calculated crack length by measuring the critical stress intensity factor (K/sub Ic/) and strength (sigma/sub f/). The thermal-shock-resistance parameter R/sub st/ was found to provide a good measure of the thermal-shock-damage resistance in the ribbon test. However, a microstructural evaluation is necessary to select a particular parameter for predicting the degradation of refractories by thermal shock. The retained elastic modulus after thermal shock increased rapidly with increasing R/sub st/ up to a critical value of R/sub st/; above this critical value, the increase in the modulus with further increases in R/sub st/was relatively small. These results are discussed in terms of their implications for the selection and development of new refractories with improved thermal-shock resistance.


The composition of transparent,heat resistant and flame retardant PVC for cable produced with flame retarding technology,such as filling flame retardant plastifier,filling inorganic flame retardant,and so on,and their extruding pellet technology in double screw extruder were investigated.Cable granule with good mechanical,electric and flame retarding properties is obtained.


________________________________________ Landscape assessment and planning often depend on the ability to predict change of vegetation. This report compares four modeling systems (FETM, LANDSUM, SIMPPLLE, and VDDT) that can be used to understand changes resulting from succession, natural disturbance, and management activities. The four models may be useful for regional or local assessments in National Forest planning rules. Although these models are limited in their ability to support site-specific decisionmaking, they can prove helpful in understanding and comparing strongly differentiated alternatives. They can also be used to make sure that interdisciplinary planning teams share a common base of knowledge. Since all four models are still evolving, increased validation and documentation should develop over time. This report includes a comparison of the models in terms of purpose, data requirements, use, and outputs. It is intended to provide planners with a general introduction to the use of these models within a landscape assessment process.


The essay roughly sketches out the general appearance of the transmission of The Book of Poetry in the English world from the introduction,translation and research stages.On the first stage,the selected translation and the translation of the whole book and the sorting of the poetry are the main work;the debate on the translation and the explanation,especially the attempt to apply the western literary theory to Chinese literature,are the main features of the second stage on which there are quite a few fresh works in the fields of linguistics, cultural,the study of etc.


The Grand Coulee Power Complex contributes a new strong influence on system dynamics and control. Addition of the Third Powerplant, with the largest hydrogenerating units in the world, is an important feature. Its function is combined with those of the initial complement of generating units, pumping units, and pump/generating units. In this paper are described the design objectives and recent verification by field tests of the governor characteristics sought to benefit system dynamics, to coordinate all generation under local computer control in response to a single system control signal, and to effectively utilize the inherent capabilities of hydropower for daily peaking as well as for system control. The primary control loops for the system control hierarchy, those of the prime mover governors, are given special features for rapid response to their primary signals while maintaining single-time-constant response to local computer control.


Two static models of the heater were analyzed. Heater power, calculated by the each model, were compared. It is shown that these models are practically equivalent in calculating of the heat flow in the operating range of values. The first model is just easier for mathematical transformation, so it is recommended to use in standard thermal calculations of heaters or in algorithmic systems of heating control.


Glucocorticoids—Advances in Research and Application: 2012 EditionNanofibres in Drug DeliveryPharmaceutical Dissolution TestingHandbook of PreformulationPharmaceutical Dissolution Testing, Bioavailability, and BioequivalenceControlled Release Veterinary Drug DeliveryAulton's PharmaceuticsApplied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics, Seventh EditionThe International PharmacopoeiaHandbook of Pharmaceutical Analysis by HPLCTherapeutic Delivery SolutionsPoorly Soluble DrugsIn Vitro-In Vivo CorrelationsApplied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics, Sixth EditionIn Vitro Drug Release Testing of Special Dosage FormsAnalytical Method Validation and Instrument Performance VerificationApplied Biopharmaceutics and PharmacokineticsDeveloping Solid Oral Dosage FormsDissolution Theory, Methodology, and TestingICH Quality GuidelinesSpecification of Drug Substances and ProductsPrinciples and Applications of Biopharmaceutics and PharmacokineticsMethod Validation in Pharmaceutical AnalysisEncapsulation of Active Molecules and Their Delivery SystemLaboratory Control System Operations in a GMP EnvironmentThe PharmacistThe HPLC ExpertFormulation and Analytical Development for Low-Dose Oral Drug ProductsHandbookEuropean PharmacopoeiaDeveloping Solid Oral Dosage FormsThe Japanese PharmacopoeiaPharmaceutical Dosage Forms TabletsHandbook of Dissolution Testing5th International Conference on Biomedical Engineering in VietnamHandbook of Bioequivalence TestingEncyclopedia of Pharmaceutical TechnologyInsulation Materials in Context of SustainabilityOral Drug AbsorptionHandbook of Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Formulations, Third Edition


We study the Gauss curvature equation with negative singularities. For a local mean field type equation with only one negative index we prove a uniqueness property. For a global equation with one or two negative indexes we prove the non-degeneracy of the linearized equations.


In this work a mechanical model of deformation of two-dimensional spherulites is proposed taking into consideration its two phase structure (amorphous and crystalline phase) as well as the internal radial correlation of orientation of crystalline elements. On the basis of the proposed model, assuming specific properties of amorphous and crystalline phases, the changes in shape and in internal orientation within the spherulites, related to a given strain, have been calculated. Using the derived relations the distribution of the intensity in low angle light scattering patterns on deformed spherulites has been obtained. Theoretical results were compared with these obtained from experimental low angle light scattering and optical microscope studies on deformed spherulites in polyoxymethylene.


The sites of action at which ATP elicits contraction of the rat vas deferens were studied by means of the P2-purinoceptor antagonists pyridoxalphosphate-6azophenyl-2',4'-disulfonic acid (PPADS), suramin and reactive blue 2. Increasing concentrations of PPADS (up to 1 mM), suramin (up to 1 mM) and reactive blue 2 (up to 320 gM) reduced and eventually abolished contractions elicited by the P2x-purinoceptor-selective agonist a,fl-methylene ATP 3 ~tM with ICs0 values of 2.1, 10.1 and 27.0 gM, respectively. In contrast, PPADS and suramin caused only a partial inhibition of contractions elicited by ATP 1 raM, maximal reduction by about 40o70, ICs0 values 1.3 and 5.0 gM, respectively; reactive blue 2 did not change ATP-induced contractions. In tissues exposed to PPADS 320 gM throughout, increasing concentrations of reactive blue 2 or suramin decreased contractions elicited by ATP 1 mM, ICs0 values 2.6 and 14.5 ~tM, respectively. In tissues exposed to suramin 320 gM throughout, increasing concentrations of PPADS decreased contractions elicited by ATP 1 mM, ICs0 37.9 ~tM, whereas reactive blue 2 slightly enhanced these contractions. In tissues exposed to reactive blue 2 100 ~tM throughout, increasing concentrations of PPADS reduced contractions elicited by ATP 1 mM, ICs0 26.6gM, whereas suramin caused no change. Pre-exposure to a,fl-methylene ATP 1 gM to desensitize P2x-purinoceptors reduced the response to ATP 1 mM by 91°70 in otherwise untreated tissues, but did not reduce the response to ATP 1 mM in tissues exposed throughout to PPADS 320 gM, suramin 320 ~tM or reactive blue 2 100 gM. Neither PPADS nor suramin nor reactive blue 2 altered contractions elicited by KC1 35 raM. The P~-purinoceptor antagonist 8-(p-sulfophenyl) theophylline 100 ~tM did not change contractions elicited by a,fl-methylene ATP 3 gM or ATP 1 mM. It is concluded that ATP 1 mM elicits contraction of the rat vas deferens through three sites: P2x-purinoceptors which are blocked by PPADS, suramin and reactive Correspondence to: R. Bfiltmann at the above address blue 2; P2y-purinoceptors blocked by reactive blue 2 and suramin but resistant to PPADS; and non-P2x-non-P2ypurinoceptors blocked by PPADS but resistant to inhibition by suramin and reactive blue 2.


A circular microstrip antenna with a modified structure is presented. By adjusting the feed location along the circumference of the patch it is possible to match the antenna with a microstrip line of any impedance. The impedance bandwidth and radiation characteristics are unaffected by this structural modification.


In appendix B, section c of van Stratum et al. (2014), two errors were introduced in the case description of the Gulf of Mexico Atmospheric Composition and Climate Study (GoMACCS) case. To ensure reproducibility and consistency with Fig. 4 of van Stratum et al. (2014), we propose the following amendment. The corrected surface moisture flux and input sounding, as used in the large-eddy simulation (LES) experiments, are provided in Eq. (1) [Eq. (B2) in van Stratum et al. 2014] and Table 1 (Table B3 in van Stratum et al. 2014), respectively:


The University Residence project located in the neighborhood of Santa Clara is of neighborhood scale, defined as a building that hybridizes the traditional residence with spaces for interaction, learning, and exchange of culture, it takes the guideline of habitat and shared work spaces, the project focuses on generating communal spaces aimed at users, young students; the uses and levels of privacy in the building range from public, semi-public and private as the residence is internalized. Trade is focused on economic growth and entrepreneurship in the area and also in art and culture trade. The residence is located in a group of homes which are intended to receive young users from students, young adults and small families. It is equipped with learning, culture and leisure spaces for the young residents of the area and university users who come from other cities.


It's poetry in motion She turned her tender eyes to me As deep as any ocean As sweet as harmony But she blinded me with science! Thomas Dolby, 1982

In 1905, Albert Einstein wrote five theoretical manuscripts which revolutionized the field of physics. He was 26 years old at the time. He had graduated from Zurich Polytechnical Institutes but had yet to obtain his doctorate degree and secure a university teaching and research position. During the time Einstein authored these five landmark articles, he was employed as a third tier patent reviewer in Bern, Switzerland.

Einstein eventually won the Nobel prize in 1921, not for what has become his most famous work, the theory of relativity, but rather for his theory of the photoelectric effect, which was one of the manuscripts published in 1905. Part of his work on the photoelectric effect dispelled the then commonly held notion that light, similar to …


OF THE DISCLOSURE A method of manufacturing articles such as fibers in which collagen, gelatin or glue are blended with aqueous polyvinyl alcohol solution, the resulting dope then being extruded into a coagulation bath. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION It is known that polyvinyl alcohol fiber has excellent strength, elongation and chemical stability; however, it has rather poor dyeability. Therefore polyvinyl alcohol fiber is suitable for industrial purposes but inappropriate for textiles to be used in clothes. A number of studies have been made, all without satisfactory results, to improve dyeability. When various natural or synthetic polymer materials are blended with a polyvinyl alcohol solution, it is difficult to improve both dyeability and physical properties; that is, if dyeability is improved, physical prop erties are generally decreased and vice versa. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It has now been found that shaped articles, such as fi bers or film, when prepared from a blend of denatured collagen and polyvinyl alcohol combine the desired me chanical properties of polyvinyl alcohol with better dye ability and other desirable properties. In this invention, the term "denatured collagen' in cludes: (1) Soluble collagen; (2) solubilized collagen ob tained by treating insoluble collagen with enzyme; enzyme and acid, or enzyme and divalent metal salt to disperse collagen in water in the monomolecular state without decomposition; (3) gelatin obtained by heating collagen fiber produced from solubilized collagen in hot water, Said gelatin having uniform distribution of molecular Weight; (4) commercially available gelatin; and (5) glue. The use of the commercially available gelatin and glue re Sults in finished products that are somewhat inferior be cause discolouration and odor. Therefore, the denatured collagen as described under (1), (2) and (3) is most suitable. The polyvinyl alcohol fiber produced according to this invention has excellent dyeability, especially for acid, Sirius direct and reactive dyestuff, and the dyed fiber has good light fastness. The dyeability is similar to that of silk, Wool, cotton and nylon. Formalization of polyvinyl alcohol fiber has been pro posed heretofore. The formalized fiber has relatively good dyeability but low tensile recovery on elongation. There fore, formalized fiber is not suitable for clothes. In place of formaldehyde, benzaldehyde is employed. The result ing benzalized fiber has an excellent tensile recovery on elongation, but unfortunately its dyeability is poor. How ever, fiber benzalized according to the present invention, possesses improved tensile recovery on elongation and also excellent dyeability, it is superior to formalized fiber. This is an important advantage of this invention. A Second advantage is the increased resistance of the modified fiber to hot water. Even though the polyvinyl al O


Bohai country is a national state,with a long history in the northeast of China,to be record in Chinese historical literature is very early,but through vicissitudes,that history is little known at present.To research the history and cultural development is of historical significance for the research into the history and the spread of Han culture in the northeast of China.Bohai country was founded on Sumomohe nation,the Sumomohe nation consisted of several ancient Mohe tribes.It is a national country that uses words earliest in history.but the existing literature is quite few,and the existing cultural works are mainly recorded in Chinese characters.


On a campus district, electric and thermal energy are required and consumed for the realization of research and higher education. In the course of the ongoing energy transition, one goal is to achieve climate-neutral districts. However, not only investments in buildings and in-frastructures will lead to this goal, but also the understanding and changing of human behavior is important. In contrast to residential districts or industrial areas, campus districts have their own types of stakeholders, users/actors and decision makers hampering or supporting energy-related improvements. For this purpose, a novel approach is applied. In contrast to many district energy analyses, this study will derive new reference values in order to enable an actor-based analysis of energy efficiency potentials.
The contribution identifies and classifies typical actor groups on a campus district that are influ-encing the energy demand and consumption. Furthermore, energy characteristics of the identi-fied groups such as the average energy demand, the average dwell time on the campus etc. are identified and analyzed to derive actors' motives, decision rules and goal conflicts. The chosen methods are expert interviews and survey. The collected data are expected to provide more insight into the main actors working and living on a campus district to understand their behavior, to develop measures and incentives for reducing the districts energy demand/consumption and to identify potential obstacles.