Background: The pulses palpated on the left and right radial arteries are said to have diagnostic significances in traditional Chinese medicine. This study investigated whether the pulse waveforms recorded at bilateral index fingers are differentiable by comparing the power spectra of pulse waveform between bilateral pulses and between non-pregnant and late pregnant women.
Methods: Forty seven healthy non-pregnant women and 23 women in the third trimester of pregnancy were included in this study. A train of pulse waveform recorded via a pulse oximeter was acquired and transformed into power spectrum by means of fast Fourier transformation. The power spectra of bilateral pulse waveform were compared with each other in non-pregnant and late pregnant women.
Results: The total power of pulse (TPp) of right pulse and normalized powers of the 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th harmonics (nP5~nP8) of bilateral pulses in late pregnant women were significantly smaller than their counterparts in nonpregnant women, whereas the normalized powers of the 2nd harmonics (nP2) of left and right pulses in late pregnant women were significantly greater than their counterparts in non-pregnant women. The nP4 and nP5 of left pulse were significantly smaller than those of right pulse in the non-pregnant women, but this left-right asymmetry in nP4 and nP5 disappeared in late pregnant women.
Conclusion: Pregnancy can lead to a decrease in the TPp of right pulse, and nP5~nP8 of bilateral pulses, but an increase in nP2 of bilateral pulses. The nP4 and nP5 of left pulse are significantly smaller than those of the right pulse in non-pregnant women, but this left-right asymmetry in nP4 and nP5 disappears during late pregnancy. The changes in bilateral pulse waveform might be associated with the aorto-caval compression during late pregnancy.


This Industrial Case Study explores a proposed automated tank management system that simulates a continuous blending process feeding multiple production lines. With a tight process window on raw material age ("too young" and the product does not set up properly; "too old" and product quality becomes unacceptable), the simulation evaluates a multitude of easy-to-deploy operating policies that maintain tight age- and level-control of the fluid in a pair of new, integrated bulk storage tanks in this around-the-clock operation. The development of the blending policies and pumping strategies that maintain stable system control will be explained. The importance of input data collection, cleansing, manipulation, and fitting of historical data using stochastic distributions to efficiently and accurately model system behavior will also be discussed.


An overview of research into the youth labour market, carried out in 1994 by IES, on behalf of SOLOTEC, the South London Training & Enterprise Council. The aim is to make more public the findings of the research, which, though based in south London, has a broader application relating to the provision of vocational training for young people. In particular, it aims to examine the research findings relating to the effectiveness of training credits (available as a pilot from 1991‐1995) in meeting the training needs of young people and employers. Finally, goes beyond the remit of the research to outline and explain measures taken by SOLOTEC to meet the report′s recommendation.


The aim of this paper is to understand why the squared axial ratio of the velocity ellipse, σ φ 2 /σ R 2 , of old disc stars in the Galaxy is less than 1/2. To this end, two infinitesimally thin steady-state axisymmetric discs with asymptotically flat circular velocity curves are presented. The first model - which we designate the Rybicki disc - has surface density decaying inversely with radius. The second model is Freeman's exponential disc, which is immersed in the gravity field of the halo simulated by Mestel's potential. For both discs, we provide an infinite family of simple distribution functions, which form a sequence of increasing pressure support. In the Rybicki disc, the stellar streaming velocity increases outwards with radius, which typically causes σ φ 2 /σ R 2 to be greater than 1/2


The stage is set for businesses and residential customers to harness the power and sophistication associated with high and low speed networks, providing premium multimedia functionality, whether a user deploys a 56k modem or a gigabit LAN in videoconferencing technologies. It is important to understand that the video link in supporting awareness of individual presence and revealing attention of remote partners are major shortcomings of audio contact alone. Traditionally, in the absence of visual evidence that clients are present, remote participants had to rely on verbal mechanisms to stay abreast of each other's activities. Hence, videoconferencing has a great advantage over audio alone but needs the following to grow to its full potential: the right equipment; matching technology to corporate need; good management planning; and quality and appropriateness of training. The connectivity/conductivity and personal dynamics associated with videoconferencing to empower team members around the world to discuss the latest data, charts, technical drawings, or marketing reports (all in real time) far surpasses the one-way communication characteristics of traditional e-mail systems. This paper includes discussions of the communication process in corporations and model needs to adapt and standardise videoconferencing technologies in order to achieve better performance.


Flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS) are important contributors to smart transmission systems. They can offer a level of power flow control and improve transfer capability of an existing network which can be used to mitigate congestion and integrate renewable energies into a grid. Distributed FACTS is a lightweight version of FACTS which can be redeployed conveniently. It has become a more attractive power flow control technology due to its lower cost and ease of installation. This paper proposes a novel evolutionary algorithm to solve a stochastic model for D-FACTS allocation, studying their impacts on operating costs and the computational efficiency of the model. The results are presented are compared against a previously developed linear programming model and show a positive economic impact from the use of D-FACTS, as well as a significant reduction in computational time for this type of model.


This case was evidently one of otogenic meningitis of the cellular type-that is, bacterial invasion of the meninges had not occurred. The origin of the condition was an acute pneumococcal otitis media, and the spread of infection must have been by preformed spaces or vascular channels, because there coufd not have been time for the disease to erode the bony boundaries of the middleear cleft. This case is not strictly comparable to those described by Reid (1938) and Robertson (1938), in both of which pneumococci were present in the cerebrospinal fluid. It is nevertheless of interest in view of the very rapid recovery of both ear and cerebrospinal fluid immediately following the administration of large doses of M & B 693. Also the -presumable absence of bony infection made active surgical intervention not only unnecessary but dangerous, by possibly causing the infection to spread even further.


We researched the influence of damage accumulation on thePoisson's ratio measured by echo-pulse acoustic method during plasticdeformation of 12Kh18N10T steel. On the basis of the obtained experimentaldata we calculated the partial contributions to the change in the Poisson'sratio of damage accumulation and formation of the strain induced martensitephase.The characteristics of stable cracks forming near strain-induced martensiteparticles at small degrees of plastic strain have been analyzed by computersimulation. The theoretical dependence of the change in the Poisson's ratiodue to crack formation during plastic deformation has been constructed. Agood agreement between the experimental data and theoretical calculationshas been obtained. Keywords: plastic deformation, austenitic steel, Poisson's ratio, martensite transformation, dislocation, mesodefect, configurational force method.\


In this paper, a microscopic system for cell physiological research is presented. The setup which is to a large extent based on commercially available products was designed to establish a platform for time-coordinated electrophysiological and fluorescence optical compound experiments on living neurons in brain slices. Instruments for infrared differential interference contrast video microscopy ~IRDICM!, confocal scanning laser microscopy ~CSLM!, and for patch clamp studies have been assembled into one unit. Using the IRDICM equipment, a neuron can be patched somatically and dendritically. Loading the neuron with a Ca 21 indicating dye substance can be examined epifluorescence optically using the Hg lamp or Xe lamp of the microscope. A stimulus initiating the propagation of an action potential through a dendrite can be synchronized to the electronic control unit of the CSLM, and changes in the concentration of Ca 21 in the dendrite can be recorded in a time-coordinated way. The setup has been used successfully in order to study in vitro the dynamics of intracellular Ca in the dendritic system of living neurons in brain slices. © 1996 American Institute of Physics. @S0034-6748 ~96!01502-3#


The former isolation of Russia has made many scientific works and results unknown to researchers in the Western countries. This is unfortunate, as the history of musical acoustics in Russia shows many interesting ideas and pioneer results reached by highly talented and enthusiastic scientists. Best known is probably Lev Termen with his ''theremin''—the first application of electronic technology to musical art. A. V. Rimski‐Korsakov, one of the most distinguished Russian acousticians, started his scientific career with investigations of stringed instruments. This paper presents a bibliography of Russian‐Soviet publications on musical acoustics (in English translation), covering the period 1885–1994.


Mel4 is a novel cationic peptide with potent activity against Gram-positive bacteria. The current study examined the anti-staphylococcal mechanism of action of Mel4 and its precursor peptide melimine. The interaction of peptides with lipoteichoic acid (LTA) and with the cytoplasmic membrane using DiSC(3)-5, Sytox green, Syto-9 and PI dyes were studied. Release of ATP and DNA/RNA from cells exposed to the peptides were determined. Bacteriolysis and autolysin-activated cell death were determined by measuring decreases in OD620nm and killing of Micrococcus luteus cells by cell-free media. Both peptides bound to LTA and rapidly dissipated the membrane potential (within 30 seconds) without affecting bacterial viability. Disturbance of the membrane potential was followed by the release of ATP (50% of total cellular ATP) by melimine and by Mel4 (20%) after 2 minutes exposure (p<0.001). Mel4 resulted in staphylococcal cells taking up PI with 3.9% cells predominantly stained after 150 min exposure, whereas melimine showed 34% staining. Unlike melimine, Mel4 did not release DNA/RNA. Cell-free media from Mel4 treated cells hydrolysed peptidoglycan and produced greater zones of inhibition against M. luteus lawn than melimine treated samples. These findings suggest that pore formation is unlikely to be involved in Mel4-mediated membrane destabilization for Staphylococcci, since there was no significant Mel4-induced PI staining and DNA/RNA leakage. It is likely that the S. aureus killing mechanism of Mel4 involves the release of autolysins followed by cell death. Whereas, membrane interaction is the primary bactericidal activity of melimine, which includes membrane depolarisation, pore formation, release of cellular contents leading to cell death. This work is original, has not been published and is not being considered for publication elsewhere. Part of this manuscript has been presented as a poster presentation in Gordon Research Conference Italy in 2019. There are no conflicts of interest for any of the authors that could have influenced the results of this work. Prof. Mark Willcox holds the patent the for the melimine peptide.


Objective:The paper explores the inner body electric characteristic of PC4 acupoint and non-acupoint,and verifies the feasibility of inner body electric signal exploration through acupoint to provide theory evidence to the inner body electric characteristic researches through acupoint and clinical appliance in the future.Methods:Using the insulation probes which can used in the human body with a function generator and an oscillmeter to explore the electric signal under skin at different depths(5 mm、15 mm、25 mm) in 13 healthy volunteers,and voltage was measured for acupoint and non-acupoint.Results:The legible electric signal waveform is appeared by exploring under skin 5 mm in all 13 volunteers,and by exploring under skin 15 mm waveform appeared only in 5 volunteers,besides that the voltage become lower with exploring deeper.There was no conspicuous voltage difference for PC4 acupoint and non-acupoint between under skin 5 mm and 15 mm.Conclusion:Gives the feasibility verification for inner body acupoint electric signal exploration and provides a new method for inner body electric characteristic further study.


Ultraviolet-B irradiation model has been used for many years as a translational model since it is well known to induce cutaneous inflammatory pain in both animals and humans. The aim of this study project was to evaluate time course and sensory changes induced by UVB and in particular: 1) evaluate the change in sensitivity after inflammation inside and outside the irradiated skin, 2) investigate the existence of a mechanism of cumulative effects between cutaneous and deep-tissue hyperalgesia, 3) investigate the effect on mechanical hyperalgesia and allodynia induced by UVB irradiation after application of heat stimuli and sensitization of deep tissues.


Seismic events prediction is a crucial task for preventing coal mine rock burst hazards. Currently, this task attracts increasing research enthusiasms from many mining experts. Considering the temporal characteristics of monitoring data, seismic events prediction can be abstracted as a time series prediction task. This paper contributes to address the problem of long-term historical dependence on seismic time series prediction with deep temporal convolution neural networks (CNN). We propose a dilated causal temporal convolution network (DCTCNN) and a CNN long short-term memory hybrid model (CNN-LSTM) to forecast seismic events. In particular, DCTCNN is designed with dilated CNN kernels, causal strategy, and residual connections; CNN-LSTM is established in a hybrid modeling way by utilizing advantage of CNN and LSTM. Based on these manners, both of DCTCNN and CNN-LSTM can extract long-term historical features from the monitoring seismic data. The proposed models are experimentally tested on two real-life coal mine seismic datasets. Furthermore, they are also compared with one traditional time series prediction method, two classic machine learning algorithms, and two standard deep learning networks. Results show that DCTCNN and CNN-LSTM are superior than the other five algorithms, and they successfully complete the seismic prediction task.


This paper presents a structure of three layers of the planar antenna including metamaterial substrate of negative refraction index. The theory uses the concise full wave Transverse Transmission Line (TTL) method. The use of this method is important for the simplification of algebraic equations involved in the development. The resonance frequency was determined. The results for this application are presented at the first time. Key Worlds ⎯ Metamaterial, TTL Method, Planar antenna, Multilayers. I. INTRODUCAO Currently the planar antenna has been used widely because of its many advantages. They can be used in several systems, such as: radars, wireless, biological applications, mobile telephony and satellites communication. This paper presents an application of three layer antenna with metamaterial at the first time. The analysis is made using the concise full wave TTL method. There is a great challenge to integrate multilayer dielectric antennas. These antennas have many advantages such as flexibility in the frequency band operation and have a physical size reduced. The three regions of the structure are shown in the Fig.1. The moment method is applied and adequate basis functions are used to expand the current densities in the metallic patch.


The increasing adoption of new technologies, such as mobile and smart equipment and social networks, and the increasing deployment of technological solutions in stores create new opportunities and challenges for retailers. As the separation between online and physical channels faints, the omni-channel approach is gaining ground, seeking to deliver a seamless customer experience regardless of the channel. Considering the integration of channels, the impact of mobile technologies, the importance of social media, the changing role of physical stores and the need to respond to new consumer requirements, this article explores the omnichannel phenomenon with a focus in the new generation of digital natives, Generation Z, suggesting questions for further research and opportunities for formulating marketing strategies suited to ongoing developments.


Variability modeling in UML-based Software Product Lines (SPL) has been carried out mostly using the UML Profiling mechanism. However, there is no UML-based SPL life cycle supporting tool, which takes advantages of UML standard diagrams in a controlled environment exclusively for it. In this scenario, we developed SMartyModeling, which allows SPL modeling on UML models, use of different visualization techniques to SPL/variability information, traceability, and configuration of products. The architecture of SMartyModeling was instantiated based on VMTools-RA, a Reference Architecture for software variability tools. This paper presents the SMartyModeling in an architectural viewpoint, describes its requirements, views, and elements selected from VMTools-RA and the decisions made during the instantiation process. We also present examples of using the environment, modeling an adaptation of the Mobile Media SPL and generating a product. We also discuss lessons learned and performed evaluations.


When employees are competent in dealing with diverse others, diversity in organizations can lead to increased creativity, innovation, and performance within the organization. But, poorly managed di...


Longitudinal piezoelectric coefficient (d 33 ) and transverse piezoelectric coefficient (e 31 ) of sol-gel derived lead zirconate titanate (PZT) thin films have been measured. d 33 was measured based on the converse piezoelectric effect using a single beam laser interferometer. Bending of the substrate caused by surface displacement of the PZT film was eliminated by clamping the substrate tightly to a large and rigid platform. e 31 was measured based on the direct piezoelectric effect using a simple experimental setup. In the measurement, a rectangular PZT film sample (with substrate) was bent in such a way that a longitudinal strain was generated along the length of the sample. The induced current was measured using a lock-in amplifier. This method does not require any expensive equipment and special techniques for preparing the sample. Effects of lead loss and annealing temperature on the piezoelectric properties have been studied.


theories put forward to explain the metabolic abnormalities associated with obesity may explain the role of obesity in the development of PCOS. The adipokine theory suggests that the adipose tissue is an endocrine organ that secrets several hormones (adipokines). Alteration in adipokines levels may lead to the development of PCOS. 1 In 1935, obesity was recognized as a common feature of the PCOS by Stein and Leventhal. Environmental factors such as lifestyle contribute to development of obesity in PCOS. Obesity exacerbates reproductive and metabolic abnormalities such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension and coronary heart disease associated in PCOS. Women with having a body mass index (BMI) of >25 kg/m 2 are reported to be overweight or obese and comprises 40-80% of those with PCOS 2. The World Health Organization has declared obesity an epidemic. Fundamental treatment of obesity includes lifestyle intervention such as nutrition, physical activity and behavior therapy. However, effects of lifestyle intervention are not always satisfactory in all cases. Pharmacotherapy is used in many patients in conjunction with lifestyle intervention. Pharmacotherapy is indicated for individuals with a body mass index (BMI) >30 kg/m 2 and for overweight women with a body mass ABSTRACT Background: Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) affects about 4 to 12% of women worldwide. PCOS is the most common cause of anavulation in infertile women. The endocrine dysfunction of PCOS is aggravated by obesity. Weight management is the first line treatment of this condition. In this study, we tried to compare acarbose versus orlistat in weight management of infertile women with polycystic ovarian syndrome. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of acarbose and orlistat in weight management of infertile polycystic ovarian syndrome women. Methods: This open label randomized controlled trial study was conducted in the Department of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, BSMMU, Dhaka, Bangladesh. The study period was 1 year from July 2019 to June 2020. A total of 32 obese infertile women with PCOS were included in the study and randomized to two treatment arms: acarbose 100 mg tds for 3 months and orlistat 120 mg tds for 3-months. Results: The response of adequate (>10%) weight reduction with acarbose was 67% of that with orlistat. The side effects with acarbose were 15% of that with orlistat. Acanthosis nigricans was reduced in 18.8% (n=3/16) of those receiving acarbose.Menstrual cycle regularized in 37.5% (n=6/16) in experimental (acarbose) group and in 18.8% (n=3/16) in control (orlistat) group. Conclusions: The therapeutic potential of acarbose in reducing weight was relatively less than orlistat in obese infertile PCOS women.


Embodiments of the present invention provide a method, an apparatus and a system for transmitting data in a multi-user cooperative communication scene. The method comprises the steps as follows: first equipment determines first data and second data from data to be transmitted according to link quality of a direct connection link and a forwarding link, wherein the first data is data directly transmitted between the first equipment and second equipment, the second data is data transmitted between the first equipment and the second equipment through third equipment, the third equipment is used for assisting the communication between the first equipment and the second equipment, the direct connection link is a link used for directly transmitting the first data between the first equipment and the second equipment, and the forwarding link is a link used for transmitting the second data between the first equipment and the second equipment through the third equipment; the first equipment and the second equipment directly transmit the first data therebetween; and the first equipment and the second equipment transmit the second data therebetween through the third equipment. Through adoption of the above method, throughput of transmission of the data can be improved in the multi-user cooperative communication scene.


Psychoanalysis requires acts of creative destruction. At the same time that analysts create new ways of being for themselves and each other, old ways are consequently destroyed. Just as parents envision futures for their children, analysts envision futures for their patients, reflecting a desire or effort to change them. Awareness of the destruction inherent in facilitating growth can enrich an analyst's work, but anxiety about being destructive, and being destroyed, can stifle it. This paper presents an analyst's reflections on creative and destructive aspects of psychoanalysis. Autobiographical and clinical data are presented to illuminate this theme.


This paper presents a semi-implicit method for efficient and high-order time-accurate computations for unsteady viscous hypersonic flows over fixed or moving bodies using Navier-Stokes equations. The equations are discretized in space using a second-order TVD scheme on moving structured grids. If explicit schemes are used to advance the equations in time, the small grid sizes in the wall-normal direction in the boundary layers imposed severe restrictions on the time steps. In the current method, the spatial discretization of the governing equations is separated into stiff terms involving derivatives along the wall-normal direction and nonstiff terms for the rest of the equations. The split equations are then advanced in time using second- and third-order semi-implicit Runge-Kutta schemes so that the nonstiff streamwise terms are treated by explicit Runge-Kutta methods and stiff wall-normal terms are simultaneously treated by implicit Runge-Kutta methods. The semi-implicit method leads to block pentagonal diagonal systems of implicit equations that can be solved efficiently. (Author)


A Comment on the Letter by R. P. Taleyarkhan et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 034301 (2006). The authors of the Letter offer a Reply.


This article explores the whole process of Sino-US normalization in the 1770s,focusing on decision-making mode of American policy toward China.By combining American academic theories and American political practice,the authors put forward a new decision-making mode,the plural social mode,and conclude that while Nixon Administration's decision-making adapted to rational actor mode and Ford Administration's preferred plural social mode,Carter Administration's was more like bureaucratic politics mode.


If we take an historical perspective on fishing, we can blow away several myths that hold us back from developing strategies for restoring the productivity of the oceans and developing an ecologically sustainable fishing industry. Our international research team has shown that we need a perspective that reaches back into deep time – at least back to the end of the last Ice Age – to understand that historical overfishing is the primary driver of the collapse of marine ecosystems. With this perspective we can expose the myths about fisheries management and marine conservation that underpin our present behaviour of seeking a scientifically flawed status quo ante as a basis for our management of fish stocks and marine ecosystems. With the myths dispelled, we can begin to design bold but scientifically rigorous strategies for the sustainable development of the oceans.


We have implemented a compact setup for long-term laser frequency stabilization. Light from a stable reference laser and several slave lasers is coupled into a confocal Fabry-Perot resonator. By stabilizing the position of the transmission peaks of the slave lasers relative to successive peaks of the master laser as the length of the cavity is scanned over one free spectral range, the long-term stability of the master laser is transferred to the slave lasers. By using fast analog peak detection and low-latency microcontroller-based digital feedback, with a scanning frequency of 3 kHz, we obtain a feedback bandwidth of 380 Hz and a relative stability of better than 10 kHz at timescales longer than 1 s, a significant improvement on previous scanning-cavity stabilization systems.


It is widely known that, for the affine camera model, both shape and motion can be factorized directly from the so-called image measurement matrix constructed from image point coordinates. The ability to extract both shape and motion from this matrix by a single SVD operation makes this shape-from-motion approach attractive; however, it can not deal with missing feature points and, in the presence of outliers, a direct SVD to the matrix would yield highly unreliable shape and motion components. Here, we present an outlier correction scheme that iteratively updates the elements of the image measurement matrix. The magnitude and sign of the update to each element is dependent upon the residual robustly estimated in each iteration. The result is that outliers are corrected and retained, giving improved reconstruction and smaller reprojection errors. Our iterative outlier correction scheme has been applied to both synthesized and real video sequences. The results obtained are remarkably good.


A high performance organic thin film transistor (OTFT) structure is proposed based on a device simulation, which enables higher current gain as compared with a conventional device structure. The device simulator makes it possible to derive current-voltage (I-V) characteristics, potential distribution and carrier concentration inside a device by solving Poisson's equation and continuity equation. It is made clear that the device performances improve more than twice to three hundred times by inserting high impurity concentration region under the source drain contact area. The cause of the inferior characteristics of conventional devices is attributed to the deficiency of carriers in the channel region, resulting to a very high potential drop at the source-channel interface. These results should pave the way to very high performance OTFT devices.


Glioblastomas are lethal brain tumors that resist current cytostatic therapies. Vitamin C may antagonize the effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generating therapies; however, it is often used to reduce therapy‐related side effects despite its effects on therapy or tumor growth. Because the mechanisms of vitamin C uptake in gliomas are currently unknown, we evaluated the expression of the sodium‐vitamin C cotransporter (SVCT) and facilitative hexose transporter (GLUT) families in human glioma cells. In addition, as microglial cells can greatly infiltrate high‐grade gliomas (constituting up to 45% of cells in glioblastomas), the effect of TC620 glioma cell interactions with microglial‐like HL60 cells on vitamin C uptake (Bystander effect) was determined. Although glioma cells expressed high levels of the SVCT isoform‐2 (SVCT2), low functional activity, intracellular localization and the expression of the dominant‐negative isoform (dnSVCT2) were observed. The increased glucose metabolic activity of glioma cells was evident by the high 2‐Deoxy‐d‐glucose and dehydroascorbic acid (DHA) uptake rates through the GLUT isoform‐1 (GLUT1), the main DHA transporter in glioblastoma. Co‐culture of glioma cells and activated microglial‐like HL60 cells resulted in extracellular ascorbic acid oxidation and high DHA uptake by glioma cells. This Bystander effect may explain the high antioxidative potential observed in high‐grade gliomas.


The invention relates to reparation method of a fortified vitamin E-containing fresh cheese. The method comprises the following steps: 1, dissolving vitamin E and beta-whey protein in water, stirring with magnetic force so as to obtain a reaction solution, and dialyzing in a dialyzing bag so as to obtain a self-assembly beta-lacto globulin-fortified vitamin E product; 2, inoculating lactococcus in an M17 culture medium, carrying out continuous activation for three generations to obtain a bacterium solution, and inoculating the bacterium solution in a whey basal culture medium for culturing so as to obtain a fermentation agent; 3, mixing the self-assembly beta-lactoglobulin-fortified vitamin E product and fresh cow milk, adding calcium chloride, inoculating the fermentation agent, carrying out acid production, and curding so as to obtain the fortified vitamin E-containing fresh cheese. In the method, only beta-lactoglobulin serves as a carrier, no other coupling reagents, emulgators and organic solvents are added; on one hand, the food safety of the fortified vitamin E-containing fresh cheese is good, on the other hand, the edibleness and the utilization rate of the vitamin E are increased; the shelf life of the fresh cheese is prolonged.


DNA interstrand cross-links (ICLs) are formed by bifunctional agents with the ability to covalently link two strands of duplex DNA. ICLs are extremely cytotoxic since they block essential processes such as DNA replication and transcription. Based on these properties, agents such as nitrogen mustards (NM) or cisplatin are widely used in cancer chemotherapy.[1] ICLs induce a number of biological responses, which counteract the therapeutic effects of crosslinking agents. However, the elucidation of the mechanism by which these responses cause resistance in tumor cells has been hampered by the lack of efficient methods to generate ICLs formed by antitumor agents. Current approaches toward the synthesis of site-specific ICLs have yielded mostly models of the clinically relevant lesions or ICLs formed by endogenous agents.[2] A number of recent studies have shown that ICLs with different structures are processed in distinct ways (see [3] for some recent reviews), emphasizing the need to generate substrates containing the ICLs formed by the clinically important drugs.

Here we report the synthesis of a stable NM ICL isostere (2) and use atomic detail simulations to show that it recaptures the structural and dynamic properties of the native NM ICL 1 (Figure 1). To obtain the NM ICL isostere we used a strategy that we recently developed for the synthesis of major groove ICLs[4].

Figure 1

Structure of a NM ICL (1) and the stable analog 2.

This approach involves a double reductive amination reaction of two acetaldehyde functionalities (5) linked to the 7-position of G residues on complementary strands of dsDNA. dG was substituted with 7-deaza-2′-deoxyguanosine to counteract the inherent lability of the glycosidic bond in N7-alkylated guanines.[5] This approach allowed the generation of a six atom ICL by coupling two acetaldehyde groups with hydrazine. However, we were unsuccessful in generating ICL 3 with the 5-atom bridge found in NM ICLs[6] (Scheme 1), possibly because the reductive amination with ammonia was not powerful enough to introduce the strain in the DNA caused by the ~7.5A bridge of the NM.[4, 7]

Scheme 1

Formation of NM ICLs by reductive amination was not successful using two acetaldehyde precursors 5 and NH4Cl, prompting us to explore the generation of isostere 2 by linking precursors 4 and 5 with hydrazine.

We reasoned that an ICL isosteric to those formed by NM might be formed by reaction of hydrazine with an acetaldehyde (5) and a formyl aldehyde derivative (4) of deazaguanine, exploiting the higher reactivity of hydrazine over ammonia (Scheme 1). [4]

We synthesized formyl aldehyde 4 in an analogous fashion to the previously reported synthesis of acetaldehyde 5, masking the aldehyde as a protected diol during solid-phase DNA synthesis.[4, 8] The synthesis started with vinylation of a protected 7-iodo-7-deazaguanine derivative (6) using a Stille coupling reaction (Scheme 2). Oxidation of the allyl group to the diol, protection and functionalization yielded phosphoramidite 9. The aldehyde precursors were incorporated into complimentary 20-mer oligonucleotides in a 5′-d(GNC) sequence (the preferred sequence context for NM ICL formation[6]) by solid phase synthesis, and the oligonucleotides were deprotected and annealed.

Scheme 2

Synthesis of the formyl aldehyde 4: a. vinyl-Sn(Bu)3, Pd[P(Ph)3]4, toluene, 90°C, 43h, 70%; b. pyridine-2-carboxaldoxime, N,N,N′,N′-tetra-methylguanidine, dioxane, DMF, rt, 42h, 88%; c. NaOMe, THF, rt, 5h, 97%; d. TBDMS-Cl, imidazole, ...

Following oxidation of the diols using periodate, the two aldehydes were coupled by double reductive amination with hydrazine and NaBH3CN.[4]

The reaction along with appropriate controls was analyzed by denaturing PAGE.

As already discussed,[4] ICL formation from two acetaldehyde precursors was successful with hydrazine, but not with ammonium acetate (Figure 2, lane 2 and 3). However, reaction of a duplex containing 4 and 5 with hydrazine led to formation of the desired 5-atom ICL 2, evidenced by a band with the same mobility as the previously analyzed crosslink (Figure 2, lanes 3 and 4). Although the yield of the 5 atom ICL was lower than that of the 6-atom ICL (~25% vs ~75%), we were able to isolate the product by gel purification and electroelution in amounts exceeding 100 nmol. For simplicity of analysis we also synthesized ICL 2 in an 11-mer duplex and unambiguously identified it as the desired product by ESI-MS (m/z calc. 6741.23, found 6741.6, Figure S1). If either aldehyde precursor was present only on one strand of the duplex, no significant amounts of the slower migrating species were observed, further demonstrating the specificity of ICL formation (Figure 2, lanes 1 and 5).

Figure 2

Analysis of ICL formation by denaturing PAGE with methylene blue staining. The duplexes, amine used and position of single-stranded or ICL-containing DNA are indicated. The sequences used were 5′-d(GTCACTGGTAXACAGCATTG) and 5′-d(CAATGCTXTCTACCAGTGAC) ...

Molecular modeling was used to validate ICL 2 as a model for NM 1 and to compare the structural consequences of the two ICLs with the uncrosslinked control (C) in identical 11-mer sequences. We used the Amber simulation package with atomic detail and explicit water (See Supporting Information) to validate that 2 gives similar amounts of distortion when compared to the NM ICL 1 and consistent differences when both are compared to C.[9] Two independent simulations of 50ns were run for each of the 1, 2 and C systems. The duplex was stable throughout all six simulations.

The N7 to N7 distances of the NM ICL 1 overlapped well with the C7 to C7 distances of 2; both are restricted as compared to C, which samples a broader range (Figure 3A).

Figure 3

Data from MD simulations of 2 (black), 1 (blue) and C (red). A) Distance measurement marked in pink, C/N7 to C/N7 atoms between residues 5 and 16. B) Center of mass angle measurement, where each point is defined by the heavy atoms of the base pair (highlighted ...

The decreased distance between the two crosslinked bases has a direct effect on the local distortion around the ICL but is also influenced by the sequence (Figure 3B and Table S1). One measure of distortion is to examine the buckling and propeller twist[11] of the two crosslinked base pairs (Table S1, Figure S2 for sequence). Since molecular mechanics force fields have limited accuracy, it is more important to note the trends rather than the specific values. It is well accepted that differences are more reliable in simulations than absolute values, due to cancellation of systematic error. The crosslinked guanine 16 that neighbors the large purine ring of adenine (residue 17) accommodates the crosslink by buckling of the 7:16 base pair (C: −3.5° ±0.2°, 1: −13.2° ±0.1° and 2: −21.8° ±0.6°). The crosslinked guanine 5 that neighbors the small pyrimidine ring of thymine 6 has more room to move and accommodates the ICL by an increased propeller twist of the 5:18 base pair (C: −13.2° ±0.1°, 1: −22.3° ±0.2° and 2: −26.9° ±0.8°). The addition of a covalent bridge between both strands of DNA nearly doubles residue to residue correlation in the central region of the duplex. Residues 5 and 16 have a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.29 ±0.04, 0.62 ±0.01 and 0.58 ±0.02 for C, 1 and 2 respectively (Figure S2). 1 and 2 have a substantial decrease in flexibility (Figure 3A) when compared to the uncrosslinked reference CNT, resulting in the formation of a slight kink in the duplex of both 1 and 2 to accommodate the ICL (Figure 3B).

To test for local duplex bending at the crosslink site we measured an angle that would encompass the tightening of the 7 to 7 position of residues 5 and 16 (Figure 3A). The smaller angles sampled by 1 and 2 suggest that the analog slightly bends the duplex outside the crosslink in the same manner that the NM ICL simulations do (Figure 3B). The slight bending of the central region of the ICL simulations of 1 and 2 compared to C is qualitatively similar to past experimental work.[7]

Circular dichroism (CD) spectra were recorded to gain experimental insight into to what extent the NM-ICLs containing oligonucleotide 2 deviates from B-form DNA. The CD spectra of 2 and a unmodified duplex of the same sequence displayed the characteristic features of B-form DNA (Figure S4), consistent with our molecular dynamics simulations indicating the NM ICL induces only a minor bend in the DNA. It has been shown that only more dramatic distortions, such as the ones induced by cisplatin ICL result in significant changes in CD spectra.[12]

We describe the synthesis of the stable NM ICL analog 2 by post-synthetic double reductive amination. Although this ICL has three atoms substituted compared to the NM ICL 1 (the two N at the 7 position of dG by C and one C by N in the hydrazine-formed bridge), our molecular dynamics simulations show that the two ICLs affect DNA structure and motion in equivalent ways. The availability of stable, site-specific NM ICLs will enable studies of the structural consequences and biological responses induced by NM ICLs,[13] more than sixty years after NMs were the first agents to be used in cancer chemotherapy.[14] Such studies will provide new insights into how tumors become resistant to treatment by crosslinking agents.


Summary Th e solute carrier family 11 member A1 (SLC11A1) gene is associated with resistance to infectious diseases. Genetic variability at the 3' untranslated region (3'-UTR) of this gene is due to the presence of a polymorphic microsatellites that contain a (GT) n dinucleotide repeat. Th e microsatellite variability and relationships with milk yield and composition, somatic cell count (SCC) and total microbic count (TMC) were investigated in 260 goats of Sarda breed. Genotyping of the upstream guanine-thymine repeat (GT)n revealed twenty diff erent genotypes and eight alleles (GT11, GT12, GT14, GT15, GT16, GT17, GT18 and GT19). Th e present study confi rmed the high genetic variability of the Sarda goat and that the genotype of the microsatellite at 3'-UTR SLC11A1 aff ected many chemical and hygienic characteristics of milk as fat, protein and SCC.


Growing energy demands together with the urge to supply available power in a reliable, as well as efficient manner, has led to the gradual upgrading and modernizing of existing power grid systems into Smart Grids (SGs) by way of incorporating supporting information and communication technology (ICT) subsystems. The latter facilities the two-way flow of both energy (power) and information related to the grid's performance, as well as the end user's requirements. Notably, the ICT subsystem enables key entities such as generation, distribution, transmission, and end-user subsystems to interrelated in real-time, and in the process, this achieving a well reliable, robust as well as efficiently managed SG system. The interactions of the various entities constituting the grid result in the emergence of various services and applications exchanging data throughout the interconnected systems. Whereas the SG is quite efficient in rendering its services, it, however, is exposed to various cyber security threats by adversaries. Notably, security threats vary depending on the applications. On the user end networks, the mandatory aggregation of power consumption as well as exchange of power consumption-related information on individual household area networks (HANs) or among HANs and utility's control canter (CC) can result in adversaries tempering with the processes. In particular key security concerns being that during these operations, individuals' privacy, as well as aggregated data integrity, can be compromised as a result of attacks. The resource-constrained nature of associated devices, objects, and elements of the SG at the user side networks and in the SG core, in general, brings about challenges in implementing robust security measures that inevitably involve the performing of complex crypto-operations.


[Objective] To discuss the influence of plasma working parameters on the emission spectral intensity of C,C2 and CN dissociated by acetic aicd in ICP-AES.[Methods] Under the different plasma working conditions,the emission spectral intensity of C,C2 and CN in different concentration of acetic acid was measured.[Results] The emission intensity of C was increased with the increase of power of plasma,and the magnitude of increased spectral intensity was related to the concentration of acetic acid.The emission intensity of CN was not related to the power of plasma.The emission intensity of C2 was in-creased with the increase of power of plasma,but was not significant.The emission intensity of C was decreased with the increase of the pressure of nebulizer gas,and the magnitude of decreased spectral intensity was related to the concentration of acetic acid.The emission intensity of C2 and CN was increased with the increase of the pressure of nebulizer gas.The emission intensity of C,C2 and CN was increased with the increase of the sample up-taking rate and then was kept constantly.The emission intensity of C was decreased with the increase of flow-rate of auxiliary gas,and was decreased by 24%-28% in the range of 0.5L /min-1.5L /min,and the magnitude of decreased spectral intensity was related to the concentration of acetic acid.The emission intensity of C2 and CN was not related to the change of flow-rate of auxiliary gas.[Conclusion] The plasma working parameters have different influence on the emission spectral intensity of C,C2 and CN dissociated by acetic aicd in ICP-AES.


Generally speaking,insurance applicants are often regarded as the main body of the insurance cheating.But in fact,the insurers may also be the insurance cheater,and they even do more great harm.So we should study and take precautions against the cheating from two sides of the insured and the insurer.


The invention relates to a double-clutch gearbox comprising, inside a casing, two groups of fixed pinions (21, 22, 23) (31, 32) carried respectively by two primary shafts (20, 30) slipped into one another, and two secondary lines for driving a differential (D), each comprising a secondary shaft (50, 60) carrying a group of idling pinions (52, 53 ...) each meshing with a fixed pinion (21, 22 ...) and being secured removably to the shaft (50, 60) which bears it by a selective coupling member (100, 101 ...). According to the invention, the attack of the differential (D) is performed by a single pinion gear (51) mounted at one end of a first secondary shaft (50) and that the second secondary shaft (60) is integral in rotation with the first shaft (50) by means of a kinematic link comprising at least one idler gear (120) mounted idly around the central axis O1 on one of the two primary shafts ( 20) .L'invention applies especially to the realization of a particularly compact six-speed gearbox, with comparable dimensions to that of a conventional four-speed.


latter demanding selective reporting of recalcitrant treatment defaulters. He contends that the British approach was more liberal, the state favouring self-reporting and instigating a nationwide network of confidential treatment centres, supported by the Public Health (Venereal Disease) Regulations 1916. Emergency wartime legislation is mostly omitted from consideration. Contesting Medical Confidentiality devotes considerable space to debates involving abortion. Maehle explains that, despite the different attitudes regarding medical privilege, broadly speaking, in all three countries doctors erred on the side of non-disclosure in this context, particularly when discovering a termination had already occurred. Maehle avoids trying to construct this as a particular case of exceptionalism, as has been done, for example with HIV/AIDS. In the German context, Maehle moves beyond his comparative focus to document the dramatic changes involving abortion and medical confidentiality under Nazi dictatorship. Following the ascendance of the Third Reich, laws used previously to oppose disclosure were overridden and replaced with pronatalist legislation in line with ideological goal of propagating Aryanism. It was sobering to discover that some of these measures persisted into the 1970s. The English care.data scandal is used to argue that debates over medical confidentiality have changed substantially since 1930, with health organisations and third parties taking over the role of data custodians from individual doctors. Maehle contends that management of electronic health data now presents the biggest threat to privacy, though it is unfortunate that he does not also include examples from the US or Germany in making the point. Despite some omissions, this is an ambitious and illuminating volume, its comparative focus giving a new perspective on an important topic. Those looking for a concise account of the development of modern day medical confidentiality will welcome its publication.


Purpose
The purpose of this study is to compare women committing pink-collar and red-collar crimes in Iran. In the current study, the pink-collar crime, studying murder by women as red-collar criminals and the root of "pink-collar crime" is considered the related terms.

Design/methodology/approach
Descriptive analytical method is used in this article.

Findings
It was previously thought that white-collar crime has no victim, and it is not necessary to imprison the criminal or consider other punishments. There is no recognized solution for such crimes, as opposed to the legislature and the government's efforts, and therefore, consumers, government, employees, companies and executives cannot realize these crimes or be aware of them. Unfortunately, recognizing red-collar crimes is impossible using the old, outdated set of laws, and new laws are required. The phenomenon of white- and red-collar crime is endless and must always be in the attention of society to prevent its dangerous consequences for the community.

Originality/value
This article is original and has been submitted only to this journal and has not been submitted to another journal at the same time.


As Bookstart celebrates its twentieth birthday, Viv Hampshire looks back at the history of the programme and asks: what can we do to inspire a new generation of readers?


The test system is a vital part of delivering a verified product to the end customer. The test system used in Kongsberg Defence and Aerospace (KDA) to test missile products today needs to change to be able to cope with future requirements for faster project execution and running more projects simultaneously. This article uses a Systems Thinking approach to see the bigger picture and to ensure understanding of the entire problem domain. The system consists of the following structural elements: Data Preparation System, Mission Planning System, Simulators, Data Analysis System and Storage System. The stakeholders of the test system are testers, system owners, project managers, company, customers, government and suppliers. Several possible value added processes are foreseen to make this necessary transition; automation of test execution and test analysis to avoid bottlenecks, verification on both core product and adaption product level for modularity, combining test arena input over different systems/sub‐systems/components for re‐use of data, and Machine Learning only to trigger necessary manual analysis. These changes will influence the system in several ways and levels, which a possible implementation need to consider. Regarding aspects like facilities, environment, security and safety not to cause issues for the changes in question is important. The main steps in the current test process is that the test system will provide scenario data to the tester to run test scenario to generate test results to the analyzer to perform test results analysis to achieve a verified product. The test structure is a limiting factor in the process of ensuring test maturity. The analysis structure is a limiting factor in reaching the desired verification level. The test structure and analysis structure are leverage points of the test system, which can significantly change the test system. The test system should have an automated test execution and test results analysis process, not requiring tedious manual operations. The automated test process should further introduce Machine Learning to change the focus of everything to managing the exceptions. KDA will increase its probability of success in future projects by applying the proposed changes to its test system.


Previous work in reproducibility focused on providing frameworks to make research reproducible, however fewer work was done on reproducibility certification. We propose the Reconciler, that certifies the reproducibility of computational research papers written in \LaTeX. Two Docker containers are built and run in separate Virtual Machines (VMs) reproducing the figures, tables and variables (results) of the paper. Then the results are used during the \LaTeX\ compilation in each VM, to produce corresponding pdf files. Lastly a third VM certifies the research paper as reproducible, if and only if the resulted pdf files are identical. The two builds are needed to enable comparison between different builds of the same source code and any non-deterministic stochasticity would produce different pdf files for different builds, thus making the certifier VM report the paper as non-reproducible. We release an open source implementation of the Reconciler, that certifies the reproducibility of this paper.


Reaction rate of alkaline supernatant of waste activated sludge(WAS) as carbon sources for denitrification was investigated to determine the recycling dosage preliminarily.WAS was digested under alkaline conditions and batch tests were carried out under different VFA/N ratio at SRT=9d to examine the denitrification rate and choose the optimal ratio.And then a comparative test was carried out for actual sewage wastewater and pure sewage wastewater to investigate its feasibility in recycle and the recycling dosage.It was found that denitrification curve of all ratios could be divided into four stages and the denitrification rate increased obviously with the increase of VFA/N ratio,which was consistent with that of the pH curve.While as the ratio increased beyond 2.47,the denitrification rate increased slowly.Furthermore,when the supernatant was added to the sewage wastewater to some extent,denitrification rate increased significantly and the removal amount of nitrate in two parallel tests were 47.0 and 33.9 mg/L,respectively.


Since 2001, we develop specifications and tools for creating and deploying rich-media content. Our GLIFOS Markup Language (GML) is an XML-based specification that separates the content (videos, transcriptions, slides) from the rendering of the rich-media player. Using our tools, the University Francisco Marroquín (UFM, Guatemala) has created and hosts an online library of over 300 hours of enriched streaming video (www.newmedia.ufm.edu) to support web-based and classroom teaching. GML is technology, platform, and format independent. We claim that these qualities guarantee content portability to diverse platforms in use today, as well as to those that will arise in the future. We had backed this claim by proving how simple it is to port GML to the leading platforms (e.g., Real Player and Windows Media Player), however, we had yet to port it to a truly new platform—that is, one that arose after the design of our XML specification and our content creation tools. This paper describes our XML specification and content creation tools, and gives a week by week description of our experience porting the UFM's collection to the new PDA models. Such mobile devices are able to stream video through their Wi-Fi connection, without clogging their CPUs or draining their batteries. Finally, we discuss how this experience has validated the importance of XML for digital preservation and our tools' ability (so far) for porting content to new platforms.


A new highly selective and environment-friendly Wacker oxidation process employing superparamagnetic Pd–Fe3O4 heterodimer nanocrystals in EtOH–H2O under 1 atm O2 has been developed. Consistently high yields of the desired Wacker product and excellent reaction selectivity were observed in almost all of the reactions examined. This operationally simple oxidation protocol allows recycling of the Pd–Fe3O4 catalyst after the reaction through the use of an external magnet.


In this paper, a tracking control for the Pneumatic Muscle Actuators (PMAs) based rehabilitation exoskeleton by using multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) Echo State Network (ESN) is proposed. Due to the intrinsic features of the PMAs based exoskeleton (nonlinearities, unmodelled uncertainties, time-varying parameters, hysteresis, etc.), the system is difficult to be modeled accurately. Hence the MIMO ESN is used to approximate the dynamical model of the PMA-driven exoskeleton with a nonlinear autoregressive exogenous model. A single layer network (SLN) is constructed to solve quadratic programming problem over a finite horizon. Control signals are computed according to the trained SLN. The proposed control strategy turns out to be asymptotically stable when the MIMO ESN is capable of approximating the dynamics of the PMAs-driven exoskeleton. Experiments were conducted, and the corresponding results indicated the performance of the proposed strategy is better than that of the traditional approach in trajectory tracking tasks.


Statement of the problem. The article fixes the relevance of the problem of student activity, since any human manifestations are associated with the phenomenon of activity, emphasizes the importance of studying the nature of activity, the mechanisms of its development and manifestation in order to determine possible ways of its purposeful formation. The purpose of the article is to analyze the results of the study of various manifestations of the activity of the personality of adolescents and to discuss the possibilities of the subject-spatial environment of educational institutions as a means of contributing to the formation of the activity of the personality of a modern schoolchild. The theoretical and methodological basis of the research includes activity-based (V.V. Davydov, M.M. Makhmutov, etc.); personality-activity-based (V.P. Zinchenko, V.A. Slastenin), systemic (B.F. Lomov, V.A. Hansen), ecological (J. Gibson), integrative (A.A. Volochkov) approaches, as well as the theory of personality activity (S.L. Rubinstein, L.S. Vygotsky, B.F. Lomov, K.A. Abulkhanova-Slavskaya), research in the field of environmental psychology (M.Chernoushek, K. Levin, J. Gibson, V.A. Yasvin). 155 students of grades 6–8 of MBOU "Secondary school No. 157" of Krasnoyarsk took part in the study. To analyze the results, the following samples were formed: all respondents studying separately in grades 6, 7, 8. The methods of WAM (well-being, activity, mood) developed by V.A. Doskin, N.A. Lavrentieva, V.B. Sharai and M.P. Miroshnikov were used; the method of diagnosing the components of socially-oriented activity by R.M. Shamionov; the method of diagnosing the components of subjective adaptivity "Readiness for action and evaluation of the implementation of action" by L.M. Kolpakova, S.V. Khusainova. Observation was also used as a research method. When processing the results, methods of average analysis, ranking, and qualitative analysis were used. Research results. According to the study of social activity, adolescents are motivated to be with others and be active in interaction and communication, but they have insufficient indicative basis for its implementation, they do not see opportunities for activity, which is accompanied by negative experiences and is expressed in low overall activity. Teenagers rarely initiate any actions, offer solutions, in order for the activity to manifest itself, efforts on the part of a teacher, mentor are required. That is, we can talk about reactivity in response to the demands of the school environment, rather than about our own activity. Teenagers find it difficult to choose such forms of their actions and behavior that would allow them to harmonize their own interests and the interests of others, rely on internal meanings and beliefs and combine them with the requirements of the society. Internal contradictions lead to emotional tension, negative experiences and rejection of activity as a defensive strategy to avoid failure. After passing through the physiological storm in the acute puberty period, from the point of view of the functional state, adolescents are ready to be active, but psychologically the realization of different types of activity is hindered by the difficulty in finding their own ways of its manifestation, consistent with the requirements of the social environment, as well as conditions in the educational environment that limit the manifestations of activity or do not contribute to the emergence of the need for activity. Conclusion. In adolescence, we can talk about the presence of a certain readiness of adolescents to be proactive in the educational environment, but unwillingness, inability to show it. In many ways, this may be due to environmental factors that set a certain well-being, mood, readiness for active actions. As one of the means of developing the activity of adolescents, we offer a co-participating design of the subject-spatial component of the educational environment.


42 Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication Retrieval Number: F10090476C219 /19©BEIESP Abstract: This paper notably investigated the strength (ultimate load) of the member by taking the buckling profile that commemorates the application of the load. This study mainly contravenes with the previous studies that are majorly dependent on the empirical formulas that fails to provide similar results that outrage in experimental results. Considering the pinned ends that compensate a perfect parabolic curve, which helps in assessing the load details, carried out potential studies. The principle which envisages the investigation is that load acting on the pre-stressing can be decided based on the profile of the tendon. The numerical study further proceeded by the simulation technique and determined the distortional buckling characterstics of the compression member. The use of harmonic sine(or)cosine waves make significant escalated factor for the application of mathematical model in engineering sciences but the results are dejected when compared to parametric analysis.


The purposes of this research are to design a "non-specific purpose intelligent system with context-aware capability" as a kernel system and then to design an "intelligent wireless guided-view system" evolved from it. That kernel system includes the radio frequency identification (RFID) technique and takes advantage of the artificial intelligent technique, for instance "expert system", "intelligent agent" and "neuro network", etc., to reach the expected functions of automatic getting information from environment and respond an adaptive-feedback to its user. This "intelligent wireless guided-view system" will use an RFID System as a fundamental environment and the expert system (ES) and the intelligent agent (IA) of artificial intelligent (AI) as added-value application functions. Additionally, the finite state machine (FSM) will be used to express the input-output, components and functions of this system.


Cationic polypnictogen frameworks, which are not completely saturated with organic substituents, are a relatively rare class of compounds, with metal fragment stabilised [P10] +,[1] [E4] 2+ (E = Pnictogen) [2] and the homoleptic [P9] + being some of the most prominent representatives [3]. In depth crystallographic studies of compounds containing such species are often hampered by the presence of so called WCAs (WCA = weakly coordinating anion) which are needed for their stabilisation. One of the least coordinating, yet crystallographically often problematic WCAs is the [TEF] anion ([TEF] = [Al(OC(CF3)3)4] ). Its sphere-like topology can lead to very high degrees of ften cannot be resolved properly by using standard radiation has the advantage of a better resolution limit (0.72 Å), while still allowing for relatively high intensity measurements compared to Mo-K radiation. Thus, utilisation of radiation is beneficial for the X-ray crystallographic investigation and allows a better structural solution of compounds containing highly disordered WCAs such as [TEF] . This will be demonstrated by a comparison of X-ray crystallographic data of compounds of the general formulae [Cp'''Ni( -P4R2 radiation.


The study was conducted at PT. B.O. who engaged in printing. Company's payroll system is less effective, so the process of payroll lcalculation contains many errors. Activity still contain many false payroll calculation, both in calculating bonuses given to employees or in wages calculations. The purpose of this research is to design a computerized payroll system that will help solve problems facing by the company. Evaluation procedures and flowcharts in the study were divided into two categories, namely employees (offices and factories) and workers (contract and wholesale). With three activities, namely the calculation of salaries and wages, payment of salaries and wages, as well as recording and reporting. With design payroll computer-based information systems, errors of calculation of salaries of employees who've been several times on a manual system can be reduced or even absent and can generate the required information quickly and accurately, and can result in reports that can be useful for management decision making.


Alumina nanotemplates integrated on silicon substrate with pore diameters of 12 nm to 100 nm were prepared by galvanostatic anodization. High current density (e.g. 100 mA.cm-2) promoted a highly ordered hexagonal pore structure with fast formation rate independent of anodizing solutions, where 2000 nm/min, 1000 nm/min were achieved at current densities of 100 mA.cm-2 and 50 mA.cm-2, respectively. These rates were approximately two orders of magnitude greater than other reports in the literature. Different electrolytes of sulfuric acid (1.8 to 7.2 M), oxalic acid (0.3 M) and mixed solutions of sulfuric and oxalic acid were evaluated as anodizing solutions. Sulfuric acid promoted smaller pore diameter with lower porosity than mixed acids and oxalic acid. The I-V characteristics strongly depend on solution composition, temperature, and bath agitation. In the case of sulfuric acid, the breakdown voltage (UB) varied linearly with logarithmic of sulfuric acid concentration (UB = 24.5-11 log [H2SO4]) and it decreased at higher temperature. The pore diameter of silicon-integrated alumina nanotemplate varied linearly with measured voltage with a slope of 2.1 nm/V, which is slightly smaller than reported data on bulk aluminum (2.2 nm/V and 2.77 nm/V). Thermoelectric Bi2Te3 nanowires with diameter of 43 nm were electrodeposited.


This paper presents the results of a thermo-economic (TE), primary-energy-factor and CO2-equivalent (CO2 (eq)), emissions-sensitivity analysis for the preparation of sanitary hot water (SHW) in fourth-generation district-heating systems. The annual required additional heat for the SHW provided by a local heating unit, based on an air-to-water heat pump (AWHP), a natural-gas boiler (NG boiler), and an electrical resistance heater (ERH), was determined using a trnsys simulation. Additionally, the seasonal performance factor (SPF) of the HP under consideration was determined. The study considered three possible supply temperatures, i.e., 35, 40, and 45 °C. The results show that a local heating unit based on an AWHP is most efficient in terms of the used primary energy (PE) and CO2 (eq) emissions. This unit is also the second best in terms of TE performance. The unit based on a NG boiler is much more appropriate than an ERH unit in terms of both the primary energy factor (PEF) and the CO2 (eq) emission factors for an electricity generation mix (EGM) that has values higher than the average for the EU-28. The heat generated by this NG unit is also cheaper than the heat produced by an ERH based on the average price for electricity in the EU-28.


Thank you for reading visions of american agriculture. As you may know, people have look hundreds times for their favorite novels like this visions of american agriculture, but end up in infectious downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they cope with some malicious bugs inside their laptop. visions of american agriculture is available in our book collection an online access to it is set as public so you can get it instantly. Our book servers hosts in multiple locations, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Kindly say, the visions of american agriculture is universally compatible with any devices to read.


It has recently been suggested, based on studies of tissue pathology, that the limb muscles of old mdx mice may be a good model for the muscular changes seen in human Duchenne muscular dystrophy. To test this hypothesis, we measured force and stiffness of soleus and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles of old (20–21 months) mdx mice and age‐matched controls. The mdx and control muscles generated similar twitch, tetanic, and eccentric forces. They were also equally stiff. The results show that the mechanics of aged mdx limb muscles differ greatly from Duchenne muscular dystrophy in humans, and disagree with the hypothesis. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Muscle Nerve 21:536–539, 1998.


Phishing is a popular technique that attackers use for the obtainment of sensitive information about users. Last year, over 44 million users became victims of phishing websites. Mutual authentication between user and server is an essential part of anti-phishing mechanisms. Lee et al. proposed a scheme that achieves mutual authentication to protect users from phishing attacks. However, a sensitive key table is necessary if users want to achieve mutual authentication on different servers. This attracts attackers¡¦ attention and increases the cost of maintaining the key. In this paper, a novel anti-phishing authentication scheme without a sensitive key table is presented. No sensitive key table is needed if the user is present at that time. Moreover, the proposed scheme can prevent guessing and replay attacks, which are serious threats to user authentication.


Abstract Motivated by the increasing interest in past-dependent asset pricing models, shown in recent years by market practitioners and prominent authors such as Hobson and Rogers (1998, Complete models with stochastic volatility, Mathematical Finance, 8(1), pp. 27–48), we explore option pricing techniques for arithmetic Asian options under a stochastic delay differential equation approach. We obtain explicit closed-form expressions for a number of lower and upper bounds and compare their accuracy numerically.


The linear text is different from the hypertext not only in the structure of the text, the realization of technology, the style of reading and writing, and the way of storage and memory, but also in the media representation of the text. In a narrow sense, the hypertext means breaking the limitation of the text and discourse organization which is linear structured. In a broad sense, it means the information collection of all kinds of media which can express meaning (e.g. text, music, image, cartoon, movie, et.) by digitalizing HTML. Therefore, besides the features of the linear text, the coherence of the hypertext also has its own characteristics. The digitalized rhetoric based on visual theory is just one of the most important means.


Concentrations of growth hormone, insulin, prolactin and glucose were measured in blood taken frequently, over a 12-h period on three occasions (phases 1, 2 and 3) during a 72-d growth trial, from Suffolk (SU) and Strain 2 (ST) (a synthetic Finnish Landrace, Suffolk, Shropshire line) lambs treated continuously with either sterile H2O (control) or a low dose (5–8 μg kg−1d−1) of clonidine (LC). Prior to slaughter the specific binding of insulin to mononuclear leukocytes (MNL) was measured in SU and ST control and LC lambs and in SU and ST lambs treated for 72 d with a high dose (HC) of clonidine (24–41 μg kg−1d−1). Clonidine was administered using osmotic pumps implanted subcutaneously at 28-d intervals. Overall mean and baseline concentration of serum prolactin increased in SU and decreased in ST lambs in response to LC. Serum insulin increased over time in SU control lambs and decreased over time in ST control lambs. Serum insulin increased with LC treatment but the effect appeared earlier in ST lambs. Gr...


The article examines the semiotic features of the virtual narrative in the projects of RIA.Lab platform of the leading Russian news agency "Russia Today". The aim is to analyze the structural, linguistic and iconic elements of the virtual narrative in relation to the projects of immersive journalism, highlighting their features, taking into account the multimodal nature of virtual reality and the simulative aspect of the sign system of immersive works. Virtual space is not only a narrative environment with special topos, chronotope and other narrative elements, but is itself a semiotic element, participating in the process of semiosis, the space of virtual "language game". The thesis is put forward that VR, being an element of the multimodal information and communication universe, contains in its structure other modalities (TV, radio, cinema, print formats), and is multidimensional, a kind of "modus in modus". The thesis on the priority of the modeling approach to the creation of immersive mass-media content over the simulative one and the necessity of observing the balance between modeling and simulation in immersive journalism are discussed. The specifics of conventional conditions of interpretation of simulacra signs in virtual space, which depend on the degree of their identity to the signs of real reality and the "rules of the virtual game", set by the authors, are outlined. The directions of increasing the pragmatic efficiency of virtual narrative through the variability of its affords, the use of emphases, haptics (tactile experience) and other means of VR are outlined.


GridTool is an interactive program for grid/geometry applications. Most grid generation programs represent geometry by a set of structured points which is not consistent with the Computer Aided Design (CAD) representation. The purpose of GridTool is to bridge the gap between the CAD and the grid generation systems.


(57) Abstract: make A digital levels dexterity digital static Zia staff, vertical A scale to ensure that the measurement by the digital spirit level, can be performed with high accuracy over a wider range of distance with this on the direction plane, differ by scale factor k ≠ 1 together, on two memories (3, 4) are respectively one coded scale (5,6) is arranged, one graduation surface (3) disposed thereon coded scale (5), and the other graduations surface (4) arranged on a coded scale (6,12,12 ') and only scale factor k ≠ 1 different.


Adipose tissue mass can be decreased by inhibiting adipogenesis and by removal of both preadipocytes and mature adipocytes by apoptosis. We investigated the effects of resveratrol, a flavonoid, on adipogenesis and apoptosis using 3T3‐L1 cells. Preadipocytes and mature adipocytes were treated with resveratrol (R) at 50 and 100 (M. Viability was measured by MTS assay; apoptosis was measured by single strand DNA ELISA. In preadipocytes, R50 and R100 decreased cell viability by 15.2 ± 3.6 and 24 ± 1.7 % (p<0.001) of control respectively after 48 hours. In mature adipocytes R50 and R100 decreased cell viability by 11.9 ± 2.1 and 21 ± 3 % (p<0.001) of control respectively after 48 hours. However, R50 did not induce apoptosis in either preadipocytes or mature adipocytes, whereas R100 increased apoptosis in mature adipocytes by 46 ± 8.7% (p<0.001) more than control after 48 hours. The effect on apoptosis in mature adipocytes was also confirmed with Hoechst staining. Resveratrol's effect on adipogenesis was examined by AdipoRedTM assay and Oil red O staining after treatment during differentiation. Resveratrol at 25 and 50 (M concentration significantly decreased lipid accumulation by 44±1.2% and 96.3±0.3% of control respectively (p<0.001). These results show that resveratrol acts directly on adipocytes to reduce cell viability and adipogenesis and induce apoptosis and thus may have applications in the treatment of obesity.


Suppose we wish to estimate the common mean μof two normal samples with unknown variances .If are equal, we may average the two sample estimators of μindependently of the variances. This procedure is known to be admissible in the sense that no other estimator has uniformly smaller mean squared error. In the case when are not equal, many combination procedures have been proposed. The maximum likelihood procedure is also known to be admissible in a restricted class of estimators. A procedure proposed by Zacks combines these two admissible procedures based on the result of a preliminary test for the equality of . We propose Bayes estimators for μderived from carefully chosen prior distributions and give simulation results to show that the Zacks estimators involving a preliminary test are uniformly beaten by the Bayes procedures.


: Stripe rust is a major treat to wheat production in Southeastern highlands of Ethiopia resulting in high yield and quality losses. Field experiments were conducted to study the effect of seven cultivars and their mixtures in various proportions (1:1, 1:3 and 3:1) on the epidemics of stripe rust and yield of bread wheat under natural epiphytotics. The experiments were conducted in the main seasons (August-December) of 2004 and 2005 at three stripe rust prone areas of southeastern Ethiopia (Sinana, Hisu and Selqa). Stripe rust severity levels and AUDPC values in most of the mixture combinations were significantly reduced as compared to the pure stands of the susceptible components, invariably with test locations and years of experimentation. Depending on the test locations and years, terminal stripe rust severity reached 40-85, 7-34, 32-79, 10-55.8, 4-17.5, 20-50 and 18-79.3% in pure stands of the varieties Wabe, Dure, Kubsa, Sofumer, Mada walabu, K6295-4A and Mitikie. Mixtures provided average mixture efficacy and reduction in AUDPC by 26.2 and 23.0%, respectively. In thirteen of the twenty mixtures in 1:1 proportions, the yield obtained was greater than the expected mixture yield by an average value of about 8.6%. Yield exceeding that of the best yielding component was recorded only for mixtures between Sofumer-Kubsa and Mitikie-K6295-4A in equal proportions, with average percent yield advantage of 4.7 and 5.3 than the pure stands of Sofumer and K6295-4A, respectively. In all the cases of 3:1 proportions of resistant: susceptible cultivar mixtures, actual yield was greater than the expected mixture yield of the respective components. Mixture provided yield lower than the low yielding component only in one case, i.e. in the mixture between Mada Walabu-K6295-4A at Hisu in 1:1 proportions.


This article examines prospects of the Russian Far East integration in the APEC. The author educes hopelessness of the Russian Far East collaboration in the integration activities of the APEC.


A small mausoleum of the earlier Islamic period, situated about 60 km. west of Mazār-i Sharīf in Afghanistan — by the edge of the former Andkhoy road, in the district of Imām Ṣāḥib, near the village of Taroqī — has recently been the subject of two different articles. It was first discussed by Dr. Melikian-Chirwani, who reproduced two photographs taken by Josephine Powell. One of these (Plate I) illustrates the general aspect of the doorway, and clearly shows the commencement of the bordered Kufic dedicatory inscription by which it is surrounded. This first account was followed by the more detailed and fully-documented report of J. Sourdel-Thomine, which makes use of substantial material supplied by Dr. Paul Bernard, Director of the Délégation Archéologique Française en Afghanistan, who had occasion to visit the spot. On this second occasion it proved possible to clear away accumulated deposits of dust from the left-hand side of the main inscription, so that this part also (while admittedly difficult) was also rendered clear enough for decipherment (Plate II). The photographs published by the two authors are in fact largely complementary, and when studied together, do much to resolve the residual problems of the inscription.


Reviews some developments of the study on electrorheological suspensions,exploring the polarization mechanism of structure formations and discussing some results of theories and experiments.


The bridge of Canosa di Puglia (Italy) was originally built in the 2nd century CE to cross the Ofanto river along the Via Traiana, the route built at the behest of Emperor Trajan that connected Rome with the port of Brindisi, on the Adriatic Sea. Restorations, collapses and architectural transformations have deeply altered its original structure over the centuries, making it lose the traces of a monumental central arch. Archival and field research, conducted through various surveys, has produced new data that has provided an update of the bridge's history. The aim of this dissertation is to show the results of a research conducted with a new methodological approach to the monument, applying ancient metrology to the interpretation of its architectural evolution. This method has proven to be indispensable to formulate hypotheses about the original configuration of the bridge, whose central arch would result to be one of the widest among the bridges of the Roman architecture.


The consequences of misuse of the term «validity» in the Russian medical literature are presented. The hypothesis that the replacement of the term «statistical significance» by the widespread term «validity» depending on the context can lead to a distortion of the research perception in general is being checked. It is shown that the mechanisms of this process can be described in terms of the theory of the formation of mythological constructs of the French structuralism school, as well as on the basis of representations of memetics. The recommendations for researchers and editors of medical publications on the right and the best optimal use of those terms and the context language. Key words: scientific terminology, validity, significance, scientometrics, linguistic analysis, semantics, myths formation, memetics. ( Pediatric Pharmacology. — 2011; 8 (5): 13–19.)


Objective: To monitor the time trend of behaviors change related to HIV/AIDS epidemic and HIV prevalence among male clients in sexually transmitted diseases(STD) clinics,and to provide information and basis for comprehensive HIV prevention responses and evaluation of intervention effectiveness.Methods: During the year of 2010 to 2012 a series of cross-sectional surveys were conducted,and blood samples were collected to test for HIV,syphilis and Hepatitis C.Results: A total of 1 209 eligible male attendants completed questionnaires and blooding from 2010 to 2012,the prevalence of HIV and syphilis was 0-0.3% and 7.1%-13.5%,respectively.39.7%-76.7% and 18.7%-26.4% of male attendants had sex with female sex workers or casual partners.6.2%-17.8% reported having been diagnosed with STDs in the last year,and 0-0.3% had anal sex with men in the last 3 months.The awareness rate on HIV/AIDS transmission was 85.8%-93.3%.3.0%-11.7% and 1.8%-29.6% of the subjects reached HIV testing and intervention services in the last year,respectively,and the both of proportion was increasing.Conclusion: The HIV prevalence of male STD clinic attendants was at low level.It is necessary to take more comprehensive and effective measures to strengthen the prevention of HIV and STD,while further expanding the coverage of intervention and improving the proportion of HIV testing rate.


The model of the frictional interaction of a fiber composite material with a rigid non- wearing body is proposed, which makes it possible to study the effect of the mechanical and strength characteristics of the fiber and matrix materials and the composite structure on its stress state, in particular, at the fiber-matrix interface. Analysis of the stress distribution in the subsurface layers of the composite was carried out for different values of the ratio of matrix to fiber materials hardness, the sliding friction coefficient and the distance between the fibers. For the known failure criteria of fiber composites, the conclusions about the effect of the structure and relative strength properties of a fiber (fiber bundle) and matrix on the pattern of subsurface fracture of the composite under sliding friction conditions are made


Dear Editor, We read with great interest the letter by Teymour et al. The authors describe a possible case of mRNA-1273 Covid-19 vaccineassociated erythema nodosum (EN) in a 66-year-old female. The patient subsequently received the second dose without the reappearance of EN. We would like to report a further case of EN following the COVID-19 vaccination. Our patient is a 62-year-old non-obese male with a history of well-controlled hypertension. He received the first BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine on April 30, 2021. Two weeks post-vaccination, he noticed several tender nodules in his right ankle. A topical corticosteroid was prescribed for an assumed insect bite. He received his second dose on June 16, 2021; 4 days later, he experienced sudden onset of skin lesions accompanied by malaise and leg pain. Dermatological examination revealed subcutaneous nodules of 1–3 cm in diameter on the anterior lower legs and extensive redness and swelling at the vaccine injection site. Laboratory examinations revealed slightly elevated C reactive protein (10.5 mg/dl). Additional testing did not identify other etiologies for EN. We further assessed this association using the Naranjo adverse drug reaction causality scale. Our patient had a score of 6, suggesting a probable adverse drug reaction. Three weeks later, most of the lesions regressed spontaneously (Figure 1). No skin biopsy was performed due to the typical clinical presentation and contusiform color evolution. No recurrence was observed at the 6-month follow-up. The patient is not eligible to receive a third vaccine dose. EN is considered a hypersensitivity response to a variety of antigenic stimuli. Precipitating factors include infections, inflammatory diseases, neoplasia, and drugs. However, approximately 50% of cases are idiopathic. Eight vaccines have been associated with subsequent development of EN: tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis (DTaP), Bacille–Calmette–Guerin (BCG), hepatitis B, human papillomavirus, malaria, rabies, smallpox, typhoid, and cholera. Time intervals between vaccine administration and the onset of EN are variable. They manifest within 24–48 h following vaccine administration (hepatitis B, typhoid and cholera vaccine, rabies vaccine, DTaP) or 2– 4 weeks later (malaria, smallpox, BCG, and papillomavirus vaccine). The pathogenesis of vaccine-related EN may be linked to the antigen of the infectious disease or adjuvant components. COVID-19 vaccine-associated EN seems to be rare. In a largescale study by McMahon et al, out of the 414 subjects, no cases of EN were reported. To date, there are seven reports of EN temporally associated with receipt of COVID-19 vaccine (Table 1). Our patient, with no history of COVID-19 infection, had mild EN after his first dose and severe relapse after the second dose. Interestingly, he showed injection site reaction, which has not been reported in the other cases. The absence of coincidental events leads us to support the potential role of the vaccine. Our case and other mentioned cases are mainly based on a temporal relationship between the vaccine administration and the onset of EN. However, the causality assessment requires complete information related to an individual case, such as evidence or history for herd immunity to SARS-CoV-2, type of vaccine, positive re-challenge,


The invention relates to a device (10) for uncoupling a drill string, said device including, in a longitudinal direction (X): a first structure (11) that is intended to be attached to a drill string tube,a second structure (12) that is intended to hold a cutting tool for drilling and is translatable relative to the first structure,and a thruster assembly between the first structure and the second structure. The thruster assembly is suitable for exerting a thrusting force on the second structure (12) so as to separate the second structure from the first structure, the thrusting force being constant for every position of the second structure relative to the first structure.


The Grand Coalition's ability to induce significant environmental policy changes was constrained by a 'dual path dependency'. First, environmental policy has developed into a relatively consensual policy field in Germany although there are also some politically conflictual issues such as the use of nuclear power. Second, the Grand Coalition accepted the cornerstones of the previous (Red–Green) coalition government's environmental policy. Environmental Minister Sigmar Gabriel's launch of the concept of ecological industrial policy constituted the clearest example of an attempted paradigm change in environmental policy which was aimed at bringing about a 'quantum leap' and a 'third industrial revolution'. The concept of ecological industrial policy has, however, its roots in the older concept of ecological modernisation of which it constitutes an extension and refinement.


Partial face recognition has been a problem of interest for more than a decade. Most of previous publications on partial face recognition assume intra spectral matching. Matching Short Wave Infrared (SWIR), Middle Wave Infrared (MWIR) or Near Infrared (NIR) images of partial face to a gallery of color images is a much more challenging task. The photometric properties of images in these four spectral bands are highly distinct. Because of the limited space - and also sufficient interest to this biometric - in this paper we present results of cross spectral matching applied to periocular regions. Equipped with a well developed automatic recognition algorithm for heterogeneous face, we demonstrate that the algorithm can be tuned and applied to periocular regions for a positive cross spectral matching of SWIR, MWIR and NIR periocular regions to visible periocular regions at short (1.5 m) and long (50 and 106 m) standoff distances. Our numerical analysis demonstrates the results of the matching. To the best of our knowledge, the performance evaluation presented in this paper is the first of its kind.


Efficient luminescence of quantum-dot nanostructures embedded in active regions of lasers is important for low-threshold current density devices. This paper discusses an approach for structurally engineering confining (In,Ga)As layers into which InAs quantum dots are inserted to enhance their emission efficiency. It is shown that by inserting the dots at the center of compositionally graded In/sub x/Ga/sub 1-x/As layers, the relative emission efficiency can be increased by nearly an order of magnitude over the emission of dots inside a constant composition (In,Ga)As structure. This enhancement is thought to be a result of the high structural and optical quality of the confining layers.


Global Industries Uncovered exemplifies how each industry is indeed a global one by detailing the theory behind globalisation and discussing the issues surrounding each industry. The case studies in each book examine the industry's various impacts at different scales.


Mimmo Carrieri re-evaluates the various phases of the workers participation within the enterprise system beginning with the tensions connected to the growth of the democratic mechanisms, to the economic world born within the workers movement. The author begins with the consideration that the incisive concepts of trenchant participation must be analytically reconsidered, distinguishing "involvement" and "participation". Nevertheless the transit to the post-fordism production system characterized by flexibility and organized turbulence appears to be moving in the opposite direction. The growing share of "fluctuating" employment drives workers emotionally further distant from the establishment and less interested in dynamics of decisional involvement. As the author observes, an important step forward would consist in rethinking the rules concerning the bargaining structure, encouraging means of strong participation, therefore joint decision-making between parts. This clearly requires political commitment , bound together with the desire of investing in the participation of the workers, together with a cultural pitch of the interested parties to weave (a trustworthy
relationship) relationships based on reliance inside the potentially disrupted dynamics of the molecular capitalism.


This paper deals with the regeneration system from leaf of Alhagi pseudalhagi Desv.The influences of the type of the medium,position of leaf,ways that leaves touched medium,the content and proportion of hormone on leaves regeneration were investigated.The results show that the best leaves for adventitious bud regeneration are the middle ones,side of leaves touched medium has no effect,and the optimum medium for adventitious bud regeneration is MS+6-BA 0.5 mg·L-1+IBA 0.1 mg·L-1,the frequency of regeneration can get 100%,and the adventitious buds per leaf is 11.28;IAA at low concentration are favorable for shooting of leaf-regenerated stems,the optimum rooting medium is 1/2MS+IAA 0.15 mg·L-1,the frequency of rooting can get 100%,and the average number of roots is 10.2.


Abstract Samples of apparently normal feed and feed ingredients were collected from turkey, broiler chicken, and laying hen operations, and their moisture content, mold count, coliform count, and pH were determined. The moisture contents ranged from 10.59 to 17.40%, the mold counts ranged from 5 to 1,200,000/g, and the coliform counts ranged from 5 to 910,000/g with corn meal being the major source for each. The pH values of feed ranged from 5.42 to 7.30 with the ingredients ranging from 5.21 to 11.51. Feed that had been pelleted generally had a lower mold and coliform count and a higher moisture content while the pH was affected (.1 unit higher) only in turkey feed. Feed samples of suspect microbiological quality were surveyed and their median moisture content, mold count, and coliform count were higher and their pH lower than the corresponding median values for apparently normal feed. These data indicate there is a need for improved quality control in feed manufacture and storage.


The subject t o which t h i s panel has been asked t o address i t s e l f i s , " W i l l In terferon be C l in i ca l ly U s e f u l ? " It seems apparent from what has been presented i n these pas t several days t h a t interferon does have the po ten t i a l t o be useful c l i n i c a l l y . However, I do not think t h a t w e can i n t e l l i g e n t l y discuss this quest i o n unless it i s modified t o read, "Depending on how Interferon i s Induced, w i l l it be Cl in i ca l ly Useful?" I f exogenously induced interferon i s examined a s the po ten t i a l source of c l i n i c a l l y useful material, then based on what we now know about t he induction of t h i s substance we a r e l imited t o using human cel ls f o r i t s source. Furthermore, t he quan t i t a t ive requirements f o r an exogenous system demand large numbers of cells t o make production pract icable . Several sources of human cells have been proposed f o r t h i s purpose and they include human leucocytes and placental . cells. I n these cases t h e cel ls used a re primary populations and, a t l e a s t on t h a t b a s i s , presumably comply w i t h U.S. Federal regulations, although t h e term i s never defined (1). Other human cells i n which in t e r f e ron has been reported t o be inducible are the human diploid f ib rob la s t c e l l s t r a i n s which can be used aither as primary c u l t u r e s o r a s continuously propagable c u l t u r e s ( 2 ) . When s e r i a l l y propagated these populations are no longer primary bu t , a s we have pointed ou t on several occasions, they do not d i f f e r from primary c u l t u r e s i n any way whatsoever other than t o have undergone a mechanical t r a n s f e r ( 3 ) . Indeed, a continuously propagated human d ip lo id cel l s t r a i n a t , say, t he 8th passage could have undergone f a r fewer population doublings than a l i g h t l y seeded primary cel l population. Both cu l tu re s are multigenerat i o n a l whether they are primary o r continuous cu l tu re s (3-5). over primary cu l tu re s a re legion but can be embodied i n a s ingle word "standardization". The advantages of a human d ip lo id cell s t r a i n


Responding appropriately to aggression in the classroom is crucial to maintain a safe and productive learning environment. However, novice teachers often feel ill prepared to deal with aggression. In the present study, we explore the vision that teachers should be challenged in their Perception, Interpretation and Decision-making skills to foster competence development. Online clinical simulations seem promising to develop and stimulate these skills. Moreover, simulations allow educators to assess the competence development of pre-service teachers through reflection on their experiences. The present study focusses on the evaluation of the Perception, Interpretation and Decision-making skills linked to aggression management competences. 194 freshman students participated in an online clinical simulation focusing on verbal and/or physical aggressive situations in classrooms. Each student was confronted with video-clips of a classroom situation leading to aggression and was asked to write down (1) their Perception and (2) Interpretation of his/her observation. Afterwards, students were asked to describe the Decision they would have made as a teacher. Answers were coded based on a script derived from literature. Results indicate that students have difficulties in differentiating between what they Perceive and how to Interpret these observations; which affects their Decision-making skills.


The concept of using occupational therapists as resource people is explored, bringing into question the established role of the occupational therapist. A method of working productively to benefit not only the client but also those working in close contact with him or her is proposed.