Back in 1995, IBM was in bad shape, economically and competitively. Its subsequent business turnaround was based on the simple-sounding principle of thoroughly satisfying customers. Avoiding the trap of bureaucracy, it developed a disciplined and direct method of dealing with customers, worldwide, applying its own best practices for measurable behaviors of every customer-touching employee. The strength of the system is the firm foundation set by top management and continually reinforced by other executives—and by a reward structure in which achieving customer satisfaction is a critical factor. © 2001 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


In Australia, Health Consumer Organisations (HCOs), also known as Patient Support Groups, play an important role in supporting people facing a shared health condition. This research aims to identify and illustrate factors mediating the success of formally structured Australian HCOs. An understanding of what enables or inhibits 'success' for such organisations will inform HCOs and stakeholders seeking to work with them, and assist them in the development and evaluation of their strategic plans. This research identifies factors mediating the success of HCOs operating in Australia through a study involving four separate organisations. Organisations were selected purposefully to illustrate differences and similarities across the broad range of HCOs that provide support for people facing specific health challenges or for those caring for others. Each organisation participating in this research has a national presence or affiliation, and has been operating for a minimum of 10 years. All are registered with the Australian Charities and Not-for-Profits Commission and are members of the Australian Health Consumer Forum. The concept of 'success' is contestable depending on who defines it and this influenced the choice of a qualitative research design. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with members of each organisation and with other stakeholders. Key documents, including Annual Reports over a 5 year period were reviewed, along with literature on Health Consumer Organisations and Not for Profit groups. Thematic analysis of interview transcripts and content analysis of key documents revealed factors believed by stakeholders to influence success of Health Consumer Organisations in Australia. Stakeholder Theory was the primary lens used in the analysis and interpretation of the data collected during this research. In addition, Social Capital Theory was helpful when seeking to understand the contribution of volunteers, and Kaplan and Norton's 'Balanced Scorecard' along with Mitchell's framework of stakeholder salience and utility, useful models for strategic planning and performance measurement. As revealed in this research, success for HCOs is described in three categories: Profile, Performance and Purse. The research also identifies seven factors mediating HCO success including Clarity, Contribution, Credibility, Connectedness, Capital, Capacity and Creativity. There are two main research outcomes. Firstly, it presents a practical framework to assist HCOs in Australia in planning and evaluating stakeholder relationships and strategy. Secondly, by illustrating the application of Garriga Cots' (2011) stakeholder social capital concept and Knox and Gruar's (2007) integrated model for marketing strategy development in the non-profit sector to HCOs in Australia, it makes a modest but new contribution to the extant literature on stakeholder theory.


The paper explores the extent of regional variations in farm financial performance in the broadacre livestock sector in Australia between 1984-85 and 1990-91. Widespread regional shifts are demonstrated. From a series of multivariate analyses, it is suggested that financial performance has been maintained by shifting the burden of production into more marginal physical environments, with the implication that the practices may be environmentally unsustainable.


Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is an X-linked recessive disorder and is the most common enzyme deficiency worldwide. Although this disease is rare in Korea, its prevalence may increase due to an increase of multicultural families. Patients with this deficiency are prone to hemolytic anemia provoked by specific drugs commonly used or prescribed in pediatric dentistry. It is necessary for pediatric dentists to have accurate knowledge of a patient's medical history and to consult with a pediatric hematologist to avoid oxidative stress that can lead to hemolysis. The most effective treatment is prevention of exposure to factors that may trigger anemia. Appropriate education regarding risk factors is essential for patients diagnosed with this disease. This case report aimed to discuss the drugs and dental management methods that should be cautious in children with G6PD deficiency.


The design, structure, development, test and application of standard test blocks types B and E for magnetic particle inspection were described. Result showed that the two types of standard blocks reached the advanced level of similar standard blocks abroad.


For the system with unmodeled dynamics, a recursive robust identification algorithm is proposed in the frequency-domain. The algorithm outputs the estimates ,


This paper brings some countermeasures for safety management of laboratories in universities or colleges after an analysis of dangerous factors in those laboratories and some feasible suggestions for management.


Web-based reporting tools attract increasing interest in business intelligence and other related fields. BIRT(Business Intelligence and Reporting Tools) Viewer is a Web-based report viewer to support reporting design and presentation capabilities. Illustrating the interactive viewer of BIRT as an example,this paper proposes an efficient framework for reporting viewer on the Web,and discusses the technologies of SOA(Service-Oriented Architecture) and Rich Internet Application from the perspectives of interactivity and performances. Also we describe the architectural design and development of the BIRT Viewer by integrating SOA with Ajax. It not only improves end user efficiency and performance,but also reduces work loads of the server side.


The dopaminergic activity of the indole (VII), the tetrahydrobenzindole (XIX), and of the related compounds (IX) and (XXI), synthesized as shown in the reaction scheme, is evaluated.


A liquid crystal display device according to the present invention switches on a pixel (P2) and a pixel (P3) by ramping up the voltage applied to a gateline (G2) and a gateline (G3), when a pixel (P1) is switched off by ramping down the voltage applied to a gateline (G1), in a drive for a liquid crystal panel. Upon doing so, a timing (t1) for ramping down the voltage applied to the gateline (G1), and a timing (t3) for ramping up the voltage applied to the gateline (G2) and the gateline (G3), are set to different timings. This driving method suppresses ripples in amplitude (Vu1,Vd1) that are generated on a holding capacity line (CS1) from overriding one another and being attenuated. Differences in amplitude of ripples that are generated on each holding capacity line can be suppressed, and display quality can be improved.


A series of fibers based on neat poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) and PET/10% liquid crystalline polymer (LCP) blends were spun at various temperatures, ranging from 250 to 310°C, and the effect of spinning temperature on properties was studied. Improved tensile strengths and higher moduli of hot-drawn fibers were obtained with fibers spun at and above 300°C, which was explained by increased transesterification and the randomized structure of the PET/LCP blends. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


An aluminous-fiber mass which, when used as a filler for various materials such as, e.g., resins, coating materials, metals, and ceramics, can give mixtures having reduced viscosity to thereby heighten the productivity of products containing the aluminous fibers. The fiber mass can sufficiently heighten the thermal conductivity of a thermoset resin material. The aluminous-fiber mass, when examined by electron microscopy, has a fiber frequency distribution in which the number of fibers having a fiber length of 50-200 μm is 70% or more (including 100%), the number of fibers having a fiber length shorter than 50 μm is 30% or less (including 0%), the number of fibers having a length of 50-100 μm is 30-50%, the number of fibers having a length of 100-200 μm, excluding 100 μm, is 30-50%, and the number of fibers having a length exceeding 200 μm is 20% or less (including 0%). The fiber mass comprises 70-100 mass% AlOand 0-30 mass% SiO.


Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are a family of enzymes which metabolize, and thereby inactivate, the naturally occurring second messenger nucleotide 3',5'cyclic monophosphates. With respect to cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP, five isoenzyme classes (PDE I—Ca^+/ calmodulin-stimulated, PDE II—cyclic GMP-stimulated, PDE III—cyclic GMP inhibited, cyclic AMP specific, PDE IV—cyclic AMP-specific and PDE V— cyclic GMP-specific) have been defined biochemically according to a number of criteria including substrate specificity, inhibitor sensitivity, allosteric modulation and Ca^+and calmodulin-dependence. More recently, primary protein and cDNA sequencing techniques have corroborated this biochemical PDE classification with the identification of at least five gene families that code for cyclic nucleotide PDEs. It is noteworthy that each of these gene families appear to contain two or more sub-families many of which can give rise to multiple mRNAs through alternate splicing. With the advent of molecular biology, evidence is now available to suggest the presence of 20 to 30 different mammalian PDE isoenzymes. The number is likely to increase further!! For more details on the biochemical, pharmacological and physical characteristics of PDE isoenzymes the reader is directed towards recent reviews by Beavo [1], Beavo and Reifsnyder [2] and Nicholson et al. [3],


In this paper we propose schemes for topology aggregation in large networks. Topology aggregation is needed due to two main reasons. First, it is not possible to ad vertise the full topology information of a network due to the excessive complexity involved. Secondly, it may be require d to keep the internal topology hidden for security reasons. The main issue in topology aggregation is, given a network, how one can represent it by a compact network and still capture the best possible parameter values for routing purposes. We presentspanner graph based schemes for aggregating propagation delays and link bandwidths in this paper. We study the performance of our schemes through simulations. The performance indices arefalse call acceptanceand false call blocking. The proposed schemes achieve better aggregation than the full mesh method and better accuracy than the default representation.


The relation between the changes of amino acid metabolism and the structural alteration with special reference to the behavior of the vegetative and generative nucleus during pollen development were studied. At the one nuclear period no distinct difference was found in amino acid composition between anthers and other plant tissues and organs. In binuclear period in which a microspore nucleus divided into two nuclei, a vegetative nucleus and a generative one, the proline content comes to higher than that of other amino acids in anthers. At the middle of binuclear period proline was found to occupy about 20% of all amino acid content, indicating that the special feature of amino acid metabolism in pollen begins under the occurrence of a vegetative and a generative nucleus. At the beginning of trinuclear period having one vegetative nucleus and two sperm nuclei, proline was found to reach an amazing high content as like 50% of total amino acids in anthers. Thus accumulated synthesis of proline, known as the characteristic of amino acid metabolism in pollen, appears established at the trinuclear period. Activity of nuclei in pollen was examined by the size of nucleolus after acetocarmine staining since it has been considered as an indicator of the physiological activity of nucleus. At the one nuclear period, a large nucleolus just like as that of meristematic cells was found in a microspore nucleus. In the time when a microspore nucleus divided into a vegetative and generative nucleus, a nucleolus of the former was larger than that of the latter. With the occurrence of two sperm nuclei, the size of a nucleolus in vegetative nucleus began to decrease and the configuration of nucleus was obscure and its nucleolus disappeared in the day before flowering. On the contrary, nucleoli of two sperm nuclei derived from a generative one, were large and clear since then. On the basis of these results, it was assumed that the establishment of the special feature of amino acid metabolism in pollens and the occurrence of generative or sperm nucleus are correlated each other in time, and the accumulated production of proline may be regulated by the sperm nuclei, judging from the behavior of nucleolus


We present Meteor, a new inventory for European news sources (i.e. EU  +  UK, CH, NO, IL): https://wp3.opted.eu/. This inventory will facilitate researchers' efforts to select sources across platforms and gather related textual data. It contains the names of print and online news sources, social media accounts, news blogs, and alternative news media sources, as well as rich meta-information for each entry (e.g. language, audience size, topical focus, ownership structures, access to full-text archives, secondary data, related research). Meteor accounts for the fuzziness of hybrid media systems through an interlinked knowledge graph. Entries are submitted by researchers, validated, continuously updated, and openly accessible to the public. Our inventory allows users to find various European news sources based on a wide range of criteria, putting scholars in a better position to navigate the European media landscape.


Scenery painters customarily adore the artistic conception and pursue visual aesthetics of static state,while ignoring the conflict between people and nature.It makes the landscape-painting-creation lacking the concern to relations of the nature and the society.To landscape-painting-creation,we should see the humanities and the factor of the society as the exportation and the point to culture.Thus it will cause the thinking of landscape-painting-creation to obtain the effective breakthrough and development.


Obesity is associated with a state of chronic inflammation, which is believed to contribute to insulin resistance. We previously identified interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) as an anti-adipogenic transcription factor with high expression in adipocytes. Because IRF3 is known to drive expression of pro-inflammatory genes in immune cells, we hypothesized that it may also promote inflammation and insulin resistance in adipocytes. Consistent with our expectations, we found that the expression of inflammatory genes in adipocytes was induced by IRF3 overexpression, while knockdown of IRF3 had the opposite effect. Despite this effect on local adipocyte gene expression, we found that Irf3 -/mice did not show evidence of altered systemic inflammation. Nonetheless, Irf3 mice did display altered metabolism relative to their wild type (WT) littermates. For example, high fat diet (HFD) fed Irf3 -/mice exhibited increased lean mass and decreased fat mass compared to WT, accompanied by increased food intake and energy expenditure. Further investigation showed that the white adipose tissue (WAT) of Irf3 -/mice had increased expression of brown adipocyte selective genes compared to WT, and the inguinal WAT of the Irf3 -/mouse contain multilocular adipocytes that resemble brown adipocytes. These data suggest that IRF3 affects energy homeostasis by regulating the development of brown adipocyte-like cells


Cordoba is a Mediterranean State, with semiarid climate, dry autumn and winter, in which the wild fire can take place, especially at the end of dry season. Forest fires happen frequently in the mountain zones of the province of Cordoba, Argentina, which are located at west and south-west region. The vegetation, in the south-west zone, are principally Pinus halepensis Mill.; Pinus elliottii implanted and the native vegetation cover is Stipa caudata, Piptochaetium hackelii, P. napostaense y Briza subaristata, between others. Taxonomically the soil corresponds to an Ustorthent. In the west area the native vegetation is principally Acacia caven, Festuca hieronymi, Stipa, Poa stukerti, between others. The soil is an Argiustoll. Forest wild fires constitute a serious environmental problem, not only due to the destruction of vegetation but also because the degradation that may be induced in a soil as a consequence of the change produced in its properties. Wild fire can strongly modify the abiotic and biotic characteristics of soil, altering its structure, chemical and physicochemical properties, carbon content and macronutrient levels. The degree of the alteration produced depends on the frequency and intensity of fire, all these modifications being particularly important in the surface horizons. Organic matter is a key factor for forest soil. It has a direct and /or an indirect influence on all physical and chemical characteristics of the soil. While low severity fires, such as those prescribed for forest management, have been reported to have transient but positive effect on soil fertility, severe wildfire result in significant losses of soil organic matter, and nutrient, and deterioration of the overall physical-chemical properties of soil that determine its fertility, such as porosity, structure among others (Certini, 2005). Fire may directly consume part or all of the standing plant material and litter as well as the organic matter in the upper layer of the soil. One of the most important soil change, during the burning is the alteration in the organic matter content therefore, the nutrient contained in the organic matter are either more available or can be volatilized and lost from the site. The soluble nutrient would be loss for erosion or leaching if they are not immediately absorbed by plants or retained by soil. Humic substances are one of the most important fractions of the organic matter and are considered the most abundant organic component in nature and largely contribute to soil structuring and stability, to its permeability for water and gases, to its water holding


Hydrogen and oxygen isotope tracing is an important means in studying the hydrological cycle in soil-plant-atmosphere continuum (SPAC). Isotope ratio infrared spectroscopy (IRIS), with its unique superiorities, has been widely applied to investigate the stable isotopes of water from different sources, but some discrepancies in the measurement results are reported between IRIS and isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS). In this paper, 19 water samples including 6 plant waters, 4 soil waters, 1 groundwater, and 8 rain waters were collected, with their hydrogen and oxygen isotopes measured by IRIS and IRMS. It was observed that all the samples except plant waters presented a well agreement in the measured results between IRIS and IRMS. The plant waters were contaminated during the cryogenic vacuum distillation process. By using the spectral contamination identifier, the δD values were well corrected, whereas the δ18O values still showed minor difference, as compared with those measured by IRMS. It was suggested that IRIS could be applied to replace IRMS to measure the stable isotopes of liquid waters which are not contaminated.


Temperature simulation is a classic problem in EDA, and researchers have been working on it for at least the last 15 years. In this paper, we focus on fast Green's function based approaches, where computing the temperature profile is as simple as computing the convolution of the power profile with the Green's function. We observe that for many problems of interest the process of computing the Green's function is the most time consuming phase, because we need to compute it with the slower finite difference or finite element based approaches. In this paper we propose a solution, NanoTherm, to compute the Green's function using a fast analytical approach that exploits the symmetry in the thermal distribution. Secondly, conventional analyses based on the Fourier's heat transfer equation fail to hold at the nanometer level. To accurately compute the temperature at the level of a standard cell, it is necessary to solve the Boltzmann transport equation (BTE) that accounts for quantum mechanical effects. This research area is very sparse. Conventional approaches ignore the quantum effects, which can result in a 25 to 60% error in temperature calculation. Hence, we propose a fast analytical approach to solve the BTE and obtain an exact solution in the Fourier transform space. Using our fast analytical models, we demonstrate a speedup of 7-668X over state of the art techniques with an error limited to 3% while computing the combined Green's function.


I would like first to express my deepest and sincere gratitude to my advisor Prof. Hassan M. E. Azzazy (Professor at Chemistry department, School of Science and Engineering, The American University in Cairo) for his continuous support, help, and motivation through my Biotechnology Master Thesis study and research years. I profoundly appreciate his valuable and instructive comments during the process of writing. This thesis would not have been possible without his supervision and guidance throughout the whole practical and research work done. It is an honor for me to have him as an advisor.
My sincere thanks also go to my Biotechnology (AUC), Chemistry (AUC), and Microbiology (MUST) departments' colleagues who kept inspiring me through my academic years. Besides, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to Tamer Samir for his patience and assistance.
Last but not the least, I would like to thank my family who where always there for me.
Finally, I would like to acknowledge Misr University for Science and Technology (MUST), Faculty of Pharmacy, Microbiology department and the U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit No.3 (NAMRU-3) for supporting us with the mycobacteria strains' DNA and their collaborative support.


Taking the application to the network serial port in experimental system of one-chip Computer as an example,a method of One-chip Computer using in experiment of modern wireless communication technology is introduced.


Burnout has been widely reviewed and studied. However, the relationship between teacher burnout syndrome and curricular reform is rarely studied. Thus, the aim here is to report on the burnout syndrome among teachers during the implementation of the curriculum in Malaysia namely Integrated Secondary School Curriculum (ISSC). Two hundred and sixty four secondary school teachers who were involved in the ISSC program completed the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) and the Secondary School Curricular Change Ques-tionnaire (SSCCQ). The stepwise regression results showed that the emotional exhaustion (EE) predictor is overall workload and time sufficiency, depersonalization (DP) predictor is complexity of the ISSC, and personal accomplishment (PA) predictor is ISSC practicality. Preventing this phenomenon in the school system can lead to better retention rates among teachers.


Summary form only given. We recently demonstrated the principle of radio frequency spectrum analysis based on the engraving of multiple monochromatic gratings in a Spectral Hole Burning (SHB) material. This device is considered for applications in radar and sub-millimeter wave astronomy. In the first experiment, the frequency scanning procedure limited the bandwidth to 35 MHz. With a new broadband setup we have achieved an instantaneous bandwidth of 2.5 GHz and demonstrated the spectral zooming capability of the analyzer.


The resistance of pathogenic bacteria is a global health dynamic and the time is nowtofind alternativesolutions from plant secondary metabolites.Ageratum conyzoidesL. is a plant known as akazirarugumain Rwandaand used to treat wounds and ulcers. This study aimedto evaluate the phytochemical profileand germicidal efficacy of ethanolic and aqueous leaf extracts of Ageratum conyzoides L. grown inRwasave wetland.Theleaves were collected and dried under the shed for 10 days, blended into powderby electric blender and macerated with water and 96% ethanol. Phytochemical screening wasperformedby followingthe standard procedures and antibacterial activity of the extracts wasexamined by agar welldiffusion method and the inhibition zones were recorded.Phytochemical screening revealed the presence ofdifferent secondary metabolites including alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, steroids, terpenoids and saponins. In this assessment,aqueous and ethanolic extracts exhibited significant inhibitory activity against testedpathogens with inhibition zones that ranging from6±0.9 mm to 20±0.5 mm of diameter. The minimuminhibition concentrations range between 0.47 mg/mL and 15.00 mg/mL.The resultsconfirm that the leavesof akazirarugumacould be the credible source ofantibacterial agents that should be used for therapeuticpurposes and in production of pharmaceuticals.


This book analyses the limited success achieved in improving local government in the Soviet Union, examining both the institutional framework and changes in crucial policy areas.


Undisturbed cores of fourteen soils were compressed under hydrostatic stresses, and the resultant soil water characteristic curves as well as the changes in the void ratio and water content of the soils by compression were determined. As the applied total stress increased, air-filled pores were lost first, and thereafter compression accompanied with the extrusion of excess pore water proceeded. Loss of pore volume caused by the compression was more pronounced for coarser pores with smaller drainage suctions. The ranges of the size of the pores lost or collapsed, as assessed from the changes in the soil water characteristic curves, were narrower than those expected on the assumption that the applied stress was counterbalanced exclusively by the increase in the overburden pore water pressure. Moreover, the range differed greatly among the soils used, reflecting the differences in the susceptibility of the soils to compression. From the magnitude of the applied total stress and the upper limit of the suction...


The article handles the increase in performances of an electrical appliances company and in the satisfaction degree of its shareholders by using the design for adaptability method. A strategic decision is based on the quality of accounting information provided by the company's management. The design for adaptability method and the target costing method highlight the importance of the reliability of accounting information provided by both of them for the solid foundation of strategic decisions taken by the company's management. In the current domestic and global economy, in order to guarantee correct decisions, management turns their attention to a multi-dimensional analysis of used information, which will ensure a number of long-term advantages. The article closes with the authors' conclusions on the importance of obtaining accurate accounting information and substantiation of final decisions taken by managers and shareholders, by obtaining superior performances by means of the design for adaptability and target costing methods.


Linear machines have been characterized as promising candidates for direct-drive applications such as railway traction. This is owing to the elimination of the rotary to linear mechanical interfaces which results in a very simple structure and reduced maintenance cost. This paper presents a driving system for partitioned stator linear wound field Vernier (PS-LWFV) machine. The armature and field windings of the machine are separately located in an upper stator and a lower one, respectively. The magnetic gearing effect and low-speed operation are the important features of this machine. In many applications, speed control is the essential requirement of the machine. This paper introduces a speed control system for this linear motor. The machine is simulated based on a mathematical model. To verify the model, the simulation results are compared to that of the finite element model. Matlab/Simulink software is employed for the machine and its converter simulation.


We report on dye sensitized solar cells with PEDOT-PSS coated directly on flexible polyester substrate as counter electrode. The behavior of such plastic counter electrode in the presence of I - /I3 redox electrolyte has been investigated with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. We have found that some of iodine species are "trapped" within the PEDOT-PSS layer. The presence of I3 - , I2 and PEDOT charge transfer complexes with iodine species may block the surface of the electrode. Furthermore, the PEDOT may be further oxidized (p-doped) during cell operation, which in turn may cause over oxidation and loss of conductivity in the PEDOT-PSS film. The interactions between PEDOT and iodine species may be enlarged because of the partial loss of PSS protective counter ion. The result is a decrease of PEDOT-PSS catalytic activity for reduction of I3 - to I - in the redox electrolyte and worse cell performance than in the case of DSSC with Pt counter electrode.


On page 13, in Table 1, first line on the third column (under 'Amplitude'), where it reads: "[0,21; 1].", It should read: "[21; 100]". Article published with errors: https://www.actamedicaportuguesa.com/revista/index.php/amp/article/view/14516.


The study aims to see the implementation of face-to-face study during the covid-19 pandemic in Padang city. It is a qualitative study using descriptive methods. Research informants are determined by purposive sampling techniques. Where the information consists of provincial education service, Padang city education service, Special school country 1 Padang, Special school ypplb, Special school ypac, Special school al-ishlaah padang. Data collection conducted through interviews, documentation studies and observation. Testing the validity of data using the triangulation technique. Data analysis techniques are done with data reduction, data presentation, data verification. The study shows that implementation of policies on the implementation of suda's face to face learning is implemented according to policy implementation indicators, standards and goals, resources, characteristics of the executive organization, attitudes of the executioners, organizational communications, social, economic, and political environment. But the implementation is still rudimentary because there isa shortage of indicators and there are several inhibitors such as the same rules and the lack of resources. But there is also a contributing factor such as support for student parents, and it can dissever learning loss.


Backgorund: Gastrointestinal endoscopy is an examination procedure gastrointestinal tract directly using fiberoptic scope that aims to perform therapeutic or diagnostic examination. Patients who undergo endoscopic procedures may experience anxiety as a result of lack of information about the procedure, side effects of the procedure and the results of the examination will be accepted. as many as 182 patients who underwent EGD action in the period January-September 2016. The purpose of this study to determine the effect of deep breathing relaxation techniques to handling the anxiety level of patients undergoing EGD action in Jambi dr.Bratanata Hospital. Method: Design The study was a Pre Experiment with One group Pre Test Post Test Design where measurement of anxiety level is done twice: before being given relaxation techniques breath in (pre-test) and after being given the relaxation techniques of breath in (post test) This study was conducted on 6-17 Feb, 2017 at the Hospital dr.Bratanata with new patient population that will take action EGD and total sample of 10 people. Then dialysis univariate and bivariate using T-Test test test dependent. Result: In this study can be concluded There is the influence of deep breathing relaxation technique to handling the anxiety levels of patients undergoing EGD action in Jambi dr.Bratanata Hospital. With the T-Test statistic test obtained (P-Value = 0.001 <0.05). It can be used as input and consideration for the hospital dr. Bratanata Jambi, that the importance of deep breathing relaxation techniques performed for each patient who will act examination and treatment, in order to minimize the anxiety that exist in every patient.


Coordinated management systems for injury and safety data exist in only a handful of countries today. The existing databases on injury continue to have problems like non-standardized definitions, underreporting of injury occurrence, incomplete or biased coverage, lack of data on exposure, missing information within individual records, etc. The challenge lies in linking the information across the various data sources, mapping from various data sources, and filling the information gaps. The research articles in this issue present the recent efforts in developing innovative methods for combining the varied data sources and developing indicators for measuring injuries. The culture of violence, like the twenty-year long war in Uganda, fosters violence in social sub-sectors like homes, schools, etc., and children are subjected to psycho-trauma. A critical step in the development of public health interventions requires specific indicators and measuring instruments. A new integrated conflict violence scale (ICVS) was developed in northern Uganda because existing scales lacked contextual relevance and, as a consequence, psychometric soundness. The ICVS was validated using standard criteria for such scales. It might, perhaps, be a good idea to further test its applicability in a no-war zone. If it proves positive, it could have wide applicability for health issues in other countries as well. Measuring the burden of injuries and violence in society has been an inexact exercise because the sum of the financial costs, both direct and indirect, do not include all the possible medical outcomes. The research article by Ronan A. Tyons, et al., proposes a new conceptual framework, the List of All Deficits (LOAD) framework, to help in attaining a greater accuracy of measurement of the burden of injury on the individual, the family and society at large. This is a theoretical model, which hopes to conceptualize the full range of adverse outcomes of injury. As such, the authors invite suggestions from readers that may lead to revisions and improvements. It is here that systematic reviews in health informatics and data linkage technologies would be welcome. This exercise should improve the aggregation of information from the latest research and contribute to the overall conclusions about the magnitude of this substantial health problem. Philippe Lunetta focuses on the deaths of Finnish citizens while traveling abroad, from 1969 to 2007. During this period, 6894 Finnish residents died abroad. While the largest number of deaths was due to cardiovascular disease, the overall injury deaths abroad were significantly larger than those at home. This is put down to inexperience in an unfamiliar environment, higher risk-taking behaviour, unsupervised alcohol consumption, closeness to water-environments, etc. Several such factors are country-specific. Travel advisories should include these factors whether they are issued by public health agencies, insurance companies, travel agencies or tourist services. In the country report from Mexico, David Bartels, et al. used data from a variety of sources to triangulate to a national snapshot and estimate the incidence of fatal and non-fatal road traffic injuries in 2005. This paper follows the same methodology for generating a national road injury snapshot detailed in an earlier article published in this very journal by the same authors. The estimate arrived at by the authors for fatal road traffic injuries is substantially different from the published figures. The authors conclude that the government of Mexico needs to act immediately to implement the recommendation of the 2004 World Report to stop the loss of life on Mexican roads. Data on CM (Child Maltreatment) and IPV (Intimate Partner Violence) are patchy because, all too often they are drawn from disparate sources of varying quality. The paper by Clinton-Sherrod, et al., describes the outcomes of the surveillance programmes conducted in [country] over a period of eleven years, spread out over nine states. It is increasingly recognized the world over that interpersonal violence is an important public health issue. Strategies to enhance sustainability of safety in this regard include the dissemination of relevant information that demonstrates the utility of surveillance data to diverse stakeholders, in collaboration with data providers and data users. International Journal of Injury Control and Safety Promotion Vol. 17, No. 3, September 2010, 139–140


The aim of this work was to increase the yield and selectivity in the reaction of obtaining α-terpineol from limonene, a major component of the grapefruit essential oil, with the use of water:oil pickering emulsions. The stabilizing solids of the emulsion were activated carbon, bentonite, silica and alumina. The emulsions were characterized by measuring their conductivity in different water:oil ratios to determine the point where the phase inversion of the emulsion occurs. The oil/water (o/w) type pickering emulsions were prepared, establishing the optimum mass concentrations of each solid. The maximum yield obtained in α-terpineol was 43% using silica, 36% more than in reaction medium without solids. It was also possible to reuse the solids twice without differences in the yield of the reaction.


Recently, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) equipped with high-resolution imaging sensors have become a viable alternative for ecologists to conduct wildlife censuses, compared to foot surveys. They cause less disturbance by sensing remotely, they provide coverage of otherwise inaccessible areas, and their images can be reviewed and double-checked in controlled screening sessions. However, the amount of data they generate often makes this photo-interpretation stage prohibitively time-consuming.


The 7-day , s minimum flow, which is estimated using frequency analysis for a given return period, is one of the main parameters for the quantitative and qualitative management of a river and plays an important role in determining flow rates of the environmental sector. Due to the complex nature of low flow events and limited studies on the low flow probability distribution, yet the appropriate probability distribution for the frequency analysis of such events is unclear. In this study, the performance of conventional probability distributions in low flow event analysis was evaluated and also a new probability distribution called Extreme Value Type III was introduced to describe the low flow indices. The proposed probability distribution was obtained from lognormal distribution for the 7-day , s average flows. The investigation of the 7-day , s average flows in the Lake Urmia Basin showed that performance of the proposed probability distribution using Extreme Value Type III was much better than the other traditional probability distributions to model the 7-day , s average minimum flows.


Less than ten years the smart school concept to the realm of education policy has become our way. The school emphasizes a transfer to the student's efforts. A way of accessing information and making decisions for the future and what he taught her to be ready. Since 2004, smart school pilot project has been implemented in several schools in Iran. Management education, decided to develop this plan is adopted. Given such expectations, the question is, to what extent existing teacher-training curriculum to meet these expectations? This article aims to answer these questions has been done. In this paper we present the curriculum of teacher training, according to two main criteria for teaching in schools is considered smart. The Smart School of the pillars of this article with a good knowledge of ICT, having an entrepreneurial spirit, the curriculum is the basis for measuring success. The purpose of this research and applied research of a descriptive survey research method is considered. To confirm the hypothesis, the questionnaire asked for twenty-five members of the population was completed. Population members, seniors or graduate students, Teacher Training University in Tehran. Sampling error with regard to seven percent, with 196 people using the statistical formula was obtained. Stratified probability sampling was used for sampling. After completing the questionnaire and excluding incomplete questionnaires, about 188 of them were entered into SPSS software. The hypotheses were tested using t-student test. After testing it was found that the two main research hypotheses are rejected. The secondary research hypotheses, only the expertise to use the Internet and the spirit of independence, was approved.


Originating from strategic management, scenario-technique yields potentials for requirements engineering. In this paper an integrated process model for such an application of scenario-technique is proposed. Flanked by an Integrated Scenario Data Model (ISDM), efficient prognosis of changes in complex requirements models is facilitated. The ISDM support this process by interlinking scenario data, requirements management data and additional data sources such as PDM/PLM systems. Scenarios are interpreted as results of interrelations among requirements. Combined with consistency assessment, the anticipation of potential future changes in requirements is facilitated, reducing potential risks for the product development process. Alongside the product development process, developers can develop reaction strategies for changes of requirements. The ISDM reduces the required effort for scenario derivation significantly by integrating data analytics and semantic modelling. In addition, the combination of process and data model allows efficient adaptations of scenarios to depict the dynamics of requirements. Intuitivism of derived scenarios is enhanced by the proposed approach.


Abstract One-dimensional polymerization of conjugated diene and diyne monomers in channels of deoxycholic and apocholic acid inclusion compounds is discussed. The polymerization exhibited the following remarkable features on the basis of a one-dimensional character of the molecular assemblies, in contrast to that in solution or the solid state: (i) stabilized propagating radicals, (ii) decreased reaction rates, and (iii) an efficient induction of regiospecificity and stereo-specificity.


International intergovernmental organizations (IIOs) are the subjects of international and national law on the grounds of the norms concerned with the system of international and national law. But an ambiguous nature of a status of an international organization lies in the fact that its recognition as a subject takes place on the basis of the norms of international law and this process is realized stage by stage in national legislation. The article considers the categories of an international legal entity as a new phenomenon which expresses the forms of participation and activities of international intergovernmental organizations on the territory of member-states for effectuation of charter objectives and the latters' functions.


Zeolites are commercially used crystalline microporous materials. Understanding their crystallization mechanism and corresponding synthesis development is still of scientific and technological sign...


Abstract : Transportation is the lifeblood of any modern society. Without the ability to economically transport people and goods throughout the country, the standard of living for each citizen would decline. Today, with the rising cost of fossil fuels transportation costs are skyrocketing, making the price of basic goods almost unaffordable for the ordinary citizen. This places a heavy strain on our economy, and also on our national security, as so much of our commerce and military depend on oil as their primary transportation fuel. This paper will discuss the economic and security implications of our current dependency on oil as our primary transportation fuel. The paper then reviews the existing energy policies of various federal agencies, followed by a description of efforts that the Department of Defense and Department of Energy are working on to reduce the national dependency on oil as the main transportation fuel. Finally, the paper provides justification for an alternative energy model for transportation fuel that includes the policy and funding changes needed to make the United States more economically competitive and secure.


Increased problem of food security of Russia necessitates the preservation of the positive trends that characterize the development of fishery complex of the Far East. The article presents an analysis of the current status of the complex, as well as the most important factors that can contribute to the preservation of its stability in the long term.


Key Points Question When do offspring with familial risk of mood disorders begin to diverge from control offspring in their body mass? Findings In this cohort study of 394 individuals, offspring with familial mood risk overall showed no difference in body weight compared with controls. Females 12 years or older had significantly higher body mass associated with their family history of mood disorders, while males showed no difference; this association was independent of socioeconomic status, birth weight, and prematurity status. Meaning These findings suggest that adolescents with a family history of mood disorders may be at increased risk for developing future weight issues, with females being the most vulnerable.


Between the atomic physical and the other branches of the general physical exist bigger different,because its contents is the way which press the half classic half quantum to carry on,make this course seem to be more special,and also exist a lot of controversies by the understanding of this course.How the specific weight seen to need the quantum contents and the classic contents in this course is,how to carry on with more exacter language and become the crux of teaching of this course.This article made careful analysis to these problems.It can promote the teaching of atomic physics.


ABSTRACT One od preventive way to prevent dental growth disorders in children is going to dentist every 6 months. Giving dental health education to  parents who have children aged 5-9 years is very important because in this is a critical period, period of growth and development, especially the period of permanent dentition, this is done so that dental caries in children does not occur. Objectives of this activities are increasing knowledge of parents in Trans Tanjungan village about Dental and Oral health. The activities are education using leaflets and demonstrations.  Education can increase parents knowledge about caring dental and oral health.


Distance learning has flourished in Sudan during the last two decades; more and more higher education institutions offer distance learning programmes to off-campus students. Like on-campus students, distance learners should have access to appropriate library and information support services. They also have specific needs for library and information support services as a result of their distance from their university libraries. Advances in information and communication technology (ICT) and digital libraries have contributed positively in bridging the information gap for distance learners. This study investigates the library and information services support available to distance learners in Sudan. Structured interviews are employed for data collection. The findings reveal that distance learners in Sudan have very little library support available to them. In the light of these findings, a hybrid library support model is proposed based on other existing models of conventional and virtual support to distance learners around the world, arrived at through literature review and tailored to suit the distance learning situation in Sudan.


The article re-examines one of the most established and classical doctrines in international law, with a massive body of literature—intervention by invitation. The doctrine is straightforward and intuitive, and therefore compelling. Since the use of force or intervention in the domestic affairs of a state is prohibited, the consent of the 'state' itself could, naturally, eliminate the wrongfulness of the act. There is contention that the 'government-preference' principle of intervention by invitation affords a 'clear alternative' to external intervention authorized by the Security Council ('UNSC')[ Wippman (1996, Duke Journal of Comparative & International Law, 7, 209)]. Others, however, stressing the momentous nature of current events, believe that 'democratic legitimacy' is fundamental. The present author finds both approaches inadequate. In many cases, the complexity of intervention by invitation in both cases is, inevitably, reduced to the issue of recognition: 'Who can speak for a state?'[We can see such tendency in many works on the topic such as: 2016, Byrne, Journal on the Use of Force and International Law, 3, 97, 100; Wippman (1996, Duke Journal of Comparative & International Law, 7, 217–22; Oppenheim and Lauterpacht, International Law, 7th edition (Longmans Green 1952), 249; or Fox, 'Intervention by Invitation' in Weller M (ed), The Oxford Handbook of the Use of Force in International Law (Oxford University Press 2015), 831–35.]. The latter is a highly political question. The law, then, is left undetermined, and actions are explained by the government's political preferences and its rhetorical appeal to so-called international community values [Falk (ed), The International Law of Civil War (The John Hopkins Press 1971), 28]. Inspired by general neutrality approach, the author will evoke available theoretical principles and state practices to form a theory of the Equality of internal actors, (hereinafter 'Equality theory'), in the hope of proving the relevance, reliability, consistency and overall superiority of this theory in dealing with the legality of intervention by invitation.


This article examines fan articulations in response to a Facebook post announcing the results of the final match between G2 Esports and Fun Plus Phoenix (FPX) during the 2019 League of Legends World Championships. Five themes emerged after analysing the data, which are: (1) expressions
 of congratulations to FPX, the team that won the championship; (2) references to SK Telecom T1, a Korean team that has won the most titles in LoL World Championship history; (3) negative articulations towards G2, implying that they are a bad team; (4) statements discussing tactics and
 gameplay during the match; and (5) articulations that G2 deserved to lose because of their trash talking against their competitors on social media. This article argues that LoL fans' comments drew on players' knowledge of the game, and the fandom's mediascape, thereby
 demonstrating the dynamics of transmedia intertextuality within their community. Fan articulations on G2's poor performance, as well as the tactics and gameplay used by both teams during the finals, were informed by players' knowledge of how to succeed in LoL. On the contrary,
 comments that articulated that G2 deserved to lose indicated fans' familiarity with the Twitter trash talk that took place prior to the final matches. In this case study, LoL fans' comments exemplify transmedia, with statements about the 2019 World Championship Finals drawing
 on knowledge from other media.


The differential form method is applied to study the wave equation with dissipation and extended to determine potential symmetries. The symmetry group are given and group invariant solutions associated to the symmetries are obtained.


Source dimensions in the electron storage ring are routinely monitored on a diagnostic beam line. During recent recommissioning of the SRS, following the installation of a second wiggler magnet, relatively poor vacuum conditions were experienced. Large step changes in source size have been measured and broad tune signals have been seen, together with other effects characteristic of ion influences. Changes of source size and beam stability as a function of ion clearing electrode voltage have also been observed. This paper summarises all such effects observed and comments on their probable causes. It also includes other data on source dimensions, such as measured emittance coupling and the effect of insertion devices in the lattice.<<ETX>>


College student management is an extremely important content in the college management.Establishing chief assistant post student post selected from students in the independent institute,causes the student to participate omtp omstotite's student management work directly,not only has manifested the university humanist management idea also is beneficial attempt innovation in the university.The practice proved that ad a kind of new management pattern,that student chief assistant system has played the influential role in the management work among students.This paper has an in-depth study from the student management perspective on the positive role of such a management system and the value of the innovation.


This paper presents methods to improve the prediction of student academic performance using feature selection by removing misclassified instances and Synthetic Minority Over-Sampling Technique. It compares the performance of seven students' academic performance prediction models, namely Naïve Bayes, Sequential Minimum Optimization, Artificial Neural Network, k-Nearest Neighbor, REPTree, Partial decision trees, and Random Forest. The data were collected from 9,458 students at the Rajabhat Maha Sarakham University, Thailand during 2015 - 2018. The model performances were evaluated with precision, recall, and F-measure. The experimental results indicated that the Random Forest approach significantly improves the performance of students' academic performance prediction models with precision up to 41.70%, recall up to 41.40% and F-measure up to 41.60%, respectively.


In one of the best accounts to have emerged recently of the history of biography, Hermione Lee's Biography: A Very Short Introduction, the opening chapter set out ten rules for writing in this sometimes controversial genre. Among these principles are the requirements for truth, comprehensiveness, accuracy of citation, and objectivity. Lee's seventh rule is "Biography is a form of history". Astutely observing that "There is no such thing as a life lived in isolation," she supported her view by quoting Virginia Woolf's claim that in biography, the subject is the fish and its milieu is the stream. Lee suggested that the duty of the biographer should be "to the stream as well as to the fish".


Because of the superiority in farming conditions,agricultural production developed rapidly in ancient Bashu.In Spring and Autumn period and Warring States period,its farming,handicraft industry,forestry and fishery improved markedly.In the late Warring States period,Qin was the first state to lauch a fighting to abundant Bashu and made it the rear base.In 316 BC,Qin state unified Bashu and immigrated there.They recreated cities and built water conservancy projects in order to consolidate his feudal power.Objectively,it's a good thing that Bashu was annexed by Qin through feudalistic reforming,standardized Chinese characters,migration and so on.The people in Bashu mixed together rapidly to central culture and lost its own national characteristics.Adopting a series of good economic policy,Qin not only promoted the economy of Bashu,but also supported the later unification.


Based on the characteristics of municipal solid wastes(MSW) in Hangzhou,the actualities of MSW disposal technology were reviewed.The problems and limitation of MSW disposal,such as landfill,incineration and composting,were discussed.The comprehensive disposal method is presented as an optimal way of MSW treatment.This method is apt to actualize the minimization,resource recovery and innocuity of MSW.


Age‐related impairment of muscle function severely affects the health of an increasing elderly population. While causality and the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood, exercise is an efficient intervention to blunt these aging effects. We thus investigated the role of the peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PGC‐1α), a potent regulator of mitochondrial function and exercise adaptation, in skeletal muscle during aging. We demonstrate that PGC‐1α overexpression improves mitochondrial dynamics and calcium buffering in an estrogen‐related receptor α‐dependent manner. Moreover, we show that sarcoplasmic reticulum stress is attenuated by PGC‐1α. As a result, PGC‐1α prevents tubular aggregate formation and cell death pathway activation in old muscle. Similarly, the pro‐apoptotic effects of ceramide and thapsigargin were blunted by PGC‐1α in muscle cells. Accordingly, mice with muscle‐specific gain‐of‐function and loss‐of‐function of PGC‐1α exhibit a delayed and premature aging phenotype, respectively. Together, our data reveal a key protective effect of PGC‐1α on muscle function and overall health span in aging.


A static and circularly symmetric lens character- ized by mass and scalar charge parameters is constructed. For the small values of the scalar charge to the mass ratio, the gravitational lensing is qualitatively similar to the case of the Schwarzschild lens; however, for large values of this ratio the lensing characteristics are significantly different. The main fea- tures are the existence of two or nil Einstein ring(s) and a radial critical curve, formation of two or four images and possibility of detecting three images near the lens for sources located at relatively large angular positions. Such a novel lens may also be treated as a naked singularity lens.


ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of religious cognitive behavioural therapy (RCBT) on general health among Iranians. This study was a randomised, single-blinded clinical trial from April 2017 to October 2017. One hundred forty-four Yazd citizens were selected using a cluster sampling method and randomly assigned to experimental or control groups. The experimental groups received 10 sessions of RCBT, lasting 45 minutes once a week and the control group remained on the waiting list. The results showed that mean general health scores in the experimental groups were significantly lower than those in the control group on the post-test. RCBT had the most positive impact on somatic symptoms, anxiety/insomnia, social dysfunction, depression, and mental health. Based on these findings RCBT can be considered a significant and effective practical therapy for improving both general and psychological health.


Fanning and Hunt method was also as - sessed; it was mainly based on 14 stages of tooth development, and the values were statistically analysed. Aim of the study is to compare and evaluate the accuracy of the Demirjian method and Moore's and Fanning method of age estimation of lower 3rd molars (38) in an outpatient population.The study was conducted using 100 OPGs of 50males and 50 females. The Method used for calculating the dental age was the Demirjian method and Modified Moore's Fanning and Hunt methods. Results: The values were statistically analysed, and polynomial regression graphs were added for accuracy of both methods. Conclusion: The study shows that modified Fanning and Moores methods and Demirjian methods shows high accuracy in age estimation.


Cancer is currently the leading cause of death around the world, with about 19 million new cases and nearly 10 million deaths every year. DNA methylation markers can accurately determine the tissue source of tumors, which is of great significance for selecting the correct tumor treatment and improving the survival expectation of patients. In this study, we constructed machine learning models to predict the potential of DNA methylation markers for Pan-cancer diagnosis, survival prediction and treatment recommendation. Our results show that the model which is based on multi-layer perceptron could classify 33 cancer types and normal tissue using 114 markers with an overall accuracy of 90.7%, while its precision is 88.7%. Based on DNA methylation data, we constructed an effective survival prediction model using survival information (P < 0.001). By combining DNA methylation data with clinical information in a machine learning parseable format, we were able to predict the treatment recommendation with 98.7% accuracy. Due to this result was 22.7% more accurate than the accuracy without DNA methylation data, it suggests that DNA methylation plays a significant role in the treatment commendation of cancers.


In the present thesis, we studied the aerosols effect οn the energy balance of the Earth-atmosphere system. Firstly, for the extensive study, we applied an aerosol-type method classification and a comprehensive analysis of Radiative Forcing (ΔFlevel) and Radiative Forcing Efficiency (ΔFeff,level) for every region and aerosol type (ΔFlevel,type). Particularly, in the regions of Central, Eastern and Southern Europe, the dominant aerosol types are the fine non-absorbing (sulphates, nitrate) and the fine absorbing (soot), which are connected to the urbanization/industrialization of the regions where the stations are located. Moreover, in Middle East and North Africa areas, as well as in the Atlantic and the Arabian Peninsula, the dominant aerosol types are the coarse absorbing aerosols and the mixed absorbing aerosols, which is explained by the incoming dust from Sahara and Arabian Peninsula deserts, while it is also a result of the concentrations of fine absorbing particles caused by burning biomass in these areas that the station are located. Furthermore, for the study of aerosols' effect in the change of energy balance, we observed the Radiative Forcing (RF) and the Radiative Forcing Efficiency (RFE) for every region and for every aerosol type during the 2008-2017 period.
Firstly, the highest percentage of coarse absorbing aerosol (99.15%, category VII), is observed in the station Tamanrasset, which is a town-oasis, located in Algeria. In particular, the values observed were ΔFeff,BOA=-140±32 W/m2 and ΔFeff,TOA=-42±19 W/m2 (FMF500nm=0.21±0.05, AOD500nm=0.64±0.25, SSA440nm=0.89±0.04) and ΔFBOA=-87±28 W/m2 και ΔFTOA=-29±12 W/m2, and as for aerosol type, the values observed were ΔFBOA,typeVII=-86±29 W/m2 and ΔFTOA,typeVII =-26±14 W/m2. Similarly, the highest percentage of fine non-absorbing aerosols (75.85%, category IV), is observed in Northwestern Italy and specifically in the town of Modena. In this case, the values are ΔFeff,BOA=-122±19 W/m2 and ΔFeff,TOA=-67±9 W/m2 (FMF500nm=0.89±0.16, AOD500nm=0.46±0.12, SSA440nm=0.97±0.02) and ΔFBOA=-49±10 W/m2 and ΔFTOA=-27±7 W/m2, and as for the aerosol type, the values are ΔFBOA,typeΙII=-47±9 W/m2 and ΔFTOA,typeΙII =-27±5 W/m2. What is more, the station with the higher variability in its percentages of aerosol type is Cairo, the capital of Egypt. In particular, the observed percentages were 3.8, 7.65 and 17.39%, for high (category I), moderate (category II) and slightly (category III) fine absorbing particles, respectively. At the same time, percentages of 23.74 and 25.84% are displayed for mixed (category V) and coarse (category VII) absorbing, respectively. In summary, it would be an omission if we don't mention the category 'others' that represents percentage of 18.75%. Specifically , the values observed were ΔFeff,BOA=-166±34 W/m2 and ΔFeff,TOA=-58±13W/m2 (FMF500nm=0.57±0.22, AOD500nm=0.54±0.23, SSA440nm=0.89±0.04) and ΔFBOA=-79±26 W/m2 and ΔFTOA=-28±12 W/m2 , and as for the aerosol type, the values are ΔFBOA,typeI=-103±42 W/m2, ΔFBOA,typeΙI=-82±32 W/m2, ΔFBOA,typeΙII=-73±34 W/m2 , ΔFBOA,typeV=-64±15 W/m2 , ΔFBOA,typeVII=-72±14 W/m2 και ΔFBOA,typeIX=-63±11 W/m2, and ΔFTOA,typeI =-15±6 W/m2, ΔFTOA,typeΙI =-21±9 W/m2, ΔFTOA,typeΙII =-26±8 W/m2, ΔFTOA,typeV =-25±7 W/m2, ΔFTOA,typeVII =-36±14 W/m2 and ΔFTOA,typeIX =-27±11 W/m2.
 It is important to say that those values indicate significant uncertainties in the aerosol radiative forcing estimate, confirming the need to study their radiative properties and to adequately quantify their effect on radiative balance. Finally, the results are expected not only to contribute to our understanding of regional climate, but also they could be used in order to validate satellite data as well as improve the performance of models and remote sensing algorithms, in the future.


A massive spin-2 field can grow unstably around a black hole, potentially probing the existence of such fields. In this work, we use time-domain evolutions to study such instabilities. Considering the linear regime by solving the equations generically governing a massive tensor field on the background of a Kerr black hole, we find that black hole spin significantly increases the mass range, and the growth rate, of the axisymmetric (azimuthal number $m=0$) instability, which takes the form of the Gregory-Laflamme black string instability for zero spin. We also consider the superradiant unstable modes with $1 \leq m \leq 3$, extending previous results to higher spin-2 masses, black hole spins, and azimuthal numbers. We find that the superradiant modes grow slower than the $m=0$ modes, except for a narrow range of high spins and masses, with $m=1$ and 2 requiring a dimensionless black hole spin of $a_{\rm BH}\gtrsim 0.95$ to be dominant. Thus, in most of the parameter space, the backreaction of the $m=0$ instability must be taken into account when using black holes to constrain massive spin-2 fields. As a simple model of this, we consider nonlinear evolutions in quadratic gravity, in particular Einstein-Weyl gravity. We find that, depending on the initial perturbation, the black hole may approach zero mass with the curvature blowing up in finite time, or can saturate at a larger mass with a surrounding cloud of the ghost spin-2 field.


The Royal Society has already done me the honour of publishing in the Philosophical Transactions three memoirs on the relations of radiant heat to the gaseous form of matter. In the first of these memoirs* it was shown that for heat emanating from the blackened surface of a cube filled with boiling water, a class of bodies which had been previously regarded as equally, and indeed, as far as laboratory experiments went, perfectly diathermic, exhibited vast differences both as regards radiation and absorption. At the common tension of one atmosphere the absorptive energy of olefiant gas, for example, was found to be 290 times that of air, while when lower pressures were employed the ratio was still greater. The reciprocity of absorption and radiation on the part of gases was also experimentally established in this first investigation. In the second inquiry† I employed a different and more powerful source of heat, my desire being to bring out with still greater decision the differences which revealed themselves in the first investigation. By carefully purifying the transparent elementary gases, and thus reducing the action upon radiant heat, the difference between them and the more strongly acting compound gases was greatly augmented. In this second inquiry, for example, olefiant gas at a pressure of one atmosphere was shown to possess 970 times the absorptive energy of atmospheric air, while it was shown to be probable that when pressures of 1/30th of an atmosphere were compared, the absorption of olefiant gas was nearly 8000 times that of air. A column of ammoniacal gas, moreover, 3 feet long, was found sensibly impervious to the heat employed in the inquiry, while the vapours of many of the volatile liquids were proved to be still more opaque to radiant heat than even the most powerfully acting permanent gases. In this second investigation, the discovery of dynamic radiation and absorption is also announced and illustrated, and the action of odours and of ozone on radiant heat is made the subject of experiment.


This article introduced the process、main equipment and new technique of Baosteel 2 030 mm new continuous annealing line.At the same time,the problems during production and the improvement measures are discussed.


Introduction: It has been shown that long term swimming exercise leads to anemia. Therefore the aim of the present study was the effect of vitamin C supplement and maximal and submaximal swimming exercise on anemia in without iron deficiency rats. Methods: For this purpose, 60 male wistar rats (6-8 week age and 170 -190 g weight) were divided into 6 groups: 1: Control rats (Con, n=10) 2: Vitamin C supplementation (Con+C, n=10) 3: Submaximal swimming (S, n=10) 4: Submaximal swimming + Vitamin C (S+C, n=10) 5: Maximal swimming (M, n=10) and 6: Maximal swimming and Vitamin C (M+C, n=10). Swimming training lasted for 10 weeks (5 day per week) for 60 min day −1 . Rats in the vitamin C-treated groups drank water containing 0.1% Vitamin C. Submaximal and maximal exercise training carried out for 1and 3 hours per session. 5 cc blood sample was take from vena cava vein for the determine serum levels of anemia indices (serum iron, Ferritin, TIBC،Hct, Hb, reticulocytes, RBC, MCV، MCH، MCHC). Results: Statistical analysis showed that the serum iron, ferritin, TIBC and MCV were not significantly different between groups. Reticulocytes in Con+C and S+C groups decreased significantly. Also, RBC and Hct decreased significantly in S and S+C groups, but Hb increased in S group in compared with the other groups. In this regard, MCH and MCHC significantly increased in S and S+C groups. Conclusion: 10 week submaximal swimming exercise increased Hb, MCH and MCHC but have no effect on serum iron, Ferritin and TIBC in without iron deficiency rats. On the other hand, high intensity swimming training had no effect on anemia indices. 0.1 % Vitamin C supplement and swimming training despite an insignificant increased in ferritin has not effected on iron status in without iron deficiency rats.


Background: Our study examines community youth workers' perceptions, attitudes, and aspirations regarding the development of STEM programming for girls of color gathered through a focus-group discussion embedded in a professional development workshop. Results: Drawing upon these conversations, we learned that they perceived themselves as not belonging in STEM and as focused primarily on community mental health concerns. Although many of the workers commented about being unprepared to plan or offer STEM programming, they suggested that a collective community effort could be a worthwhile approach for increasing STEM programming for girls of color. Results also revealed that the middle school girls of color being served by the community agencies represented in the sample corroborated these results as they too perceived themselves as not belonging in STEM. However, when probed about how they wanted to spend their out-of-school time, many of the girls who asserted lack of interest or belonging in STEM suggested everyday activities that were, indeed, STEM-based. Conclusions: This pattern of results suggests that persuading girls of color to pursue STEM-related activities outside-of-school requires a reframing that considers their existing interests.


Two overpressured layer chromatography (OPLC) systems were developed for the screening of toxicologically relevant basic drugs in forensic and clinical contexts. The OPLC1 system was trichloroethylene - methylethylketone - n-butanol - acetic acid - water 17+8+25+6+4 and the OPLC2 system was butyl acetate - ethanol - tripropylamine - water 85+9.25+5+0.75 with presaturation. Both systems were tested on high performance silica gel plates. The Rf values of the drugs were reproducible, the peak shapes were symmetrical, and the chromatographic systems showed low mutual correlation (r = 0.103). The separation numbers (SN) were 27.5 and 29.2 for OPLC1 and OPLC2, respectively, which are more than two times higher than those obtained with TLC systems in general. The combination of the systems was demonstrated to be feasible in the screening for drugs in autopsy urine samples, utilizing automated identification by hRf c/UV library search with combined dual-system reporting.


Bottom of the container is provided with a support surface, a hinge, a first wall and a second wall. The first wall is inclined in a first direction to hinge from the support surface. The second wall is inclined in a second direction away from the hinge. The second wall, without moving the substantially first wall, it is possible to change the position with respect to the hinge.


Research informs action, but the challenge is its translation into practice. The 2012–2017 National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Strategic Plan emphasizes partnership with community stakeholders to capture critical missing information about the effects of environment on health and to improve translation of study results, a daunting task for many traditionally-trained researchers. To better understand economic and neighborhood context consistent with these goals as well as existing inequities, we needed access to a highly affected community to inform and participate in our research. Our team therefore undertook a PhotoVoice project as a first step in establishing a participatory partnership and to appreciate the lived experiences of and build trust with youth visiting an urban community center in a high-risk, low-income, African American neighborhood located along a busy, polluted interstate. Ten 8–13 years-olds represented their community's perspectives through photographs over 14-weeks using structured questioning. Five themes emerged: poor eating habits/inadequate nutrition; safety/violence; family/friends/community support; future hopes/dreams; and garbage/environment. Public viewings of the photos/captions facilitated engagement of other community agencies and multidisciplinary academic faculties to work together to build a sustainable "community collaboratory" that will promote health at the center by providing families knowledge/skills to prevent/minimize environmental exposures via diet/lifestyle changes using community-engaged, citizen scientist and systems thinking approaches.


Quadrant analysis is used to investigate the signal of the wall-bounded turbulence simulated in the environmental wind tunnel. The intermittency and burst of the wall-bounded turbulent flow are studied. The intermittency and burst of the turbulence strongly dominate the partilce movement. The temporal Reynolds stress,which is one order higher than the mean Reynolds stress and can represent the intermittency and burst of the turbulence,contributes 50% of the value of the mean Reynolds stress within only 20% of the total time. The Reynolds stress fraction of the ejection events is strong enough to make particles move away from the ground and into the air. Through analyzing the Reynolds stress on partilces,a theoretical critcial friction velocity was obtained which is consistant to the emperical formula. As a conclusion,the temporal Reynolds stress should be emphasized when studying the mechanics of the particle movement.


A portfolio of works by artists associated with BEING Studio, a community of artists with developmental disabilities based in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.


SEATTLE—Study of fragile X syndrome has "come full circle," according to Stephen Warren, PhD, from discovery of the candidate gene to understanding the basic biology of the normal gene, and the rational design of therapies to compensate for deleterious effects of the mutation. Trials of those therapies are now underway, the Emory University professor of genetics told the audience in a Frontiers of Clinical Neuroscience plenary session here at the annual meeting. Dr. Warren described fragile X syndrome — the most common inherited form of cognitive deficiency, with a prevalence of 1 in 5,000 newborn boys, and affecting about 30,000 boys in the US — as having a "subtle but distinctive" phenotype. There is no frank dysmorphia, so that identifying patients as infants is difficult. But even patients with different ethnic backgrounds share a physical resemblance, including an enlarged head and a long face. Macroorchidism is common, and epilepsy occurs in about 30 percent of patients. "But the biggest impact is on cognition," he said. The average IQ is 40, and about 30 percent of patients meet DSM-IV criteria for autism. The gene responsible for fragile X syndrome is called FMR1. The mutation is in the "upstream" untranslated, or noncoding, region. The region normally contains a CGG repeat about 30 units long. Fragile X patients, on the other hand, have repeat lengths of over 200 units, and often as many as 900 units. This extra DNA gives the X chromosome a distinctive constriction, leading to the "fragile" appearance that gives the syndrome its name. The expansion triggers methylation of the gene, the way the genome prevents expression of the gene. Thus, in boys, with only one X chromosome, little or no FMR protein is made. Expressivity in females is quite variable, Dr. Warren said, accounting for a corresponding variability in the clinical phenotype among girls. Research by Dr. Warren and others has revealed that the FMR protein is an RNA binding protein. It binds to 3 percent of all messenger RNAs in the brain, and inhibits their translation by about half. In the absence of the protein, all these messages are overtranslated. "What was unexpected," Dr. Warren said, "was that nearly all the messages regulated by FMR protein are synaptic activity-dependent, and the majority are localized to the dendrite. This was interesting because we think of fragile X as a dendritic disorder," based on morphological changes seen in the syndrome, with a diminished number of mature boutons on dendrites. "They are failing to mature as they should."


Recently,with the successive broadcasting of popular TV plays like The Grand Mansion Gate,Braving the journey to the Northeast,The Dye house,Love Stories in a Village,etc.,the term "Regional TV Play" has increasingly aroused the concern of and recognized by more scholars nationwide.The paper proposes that the TV plays with distinctive regional characteristics can be classified into eleven schools and the rising of each school,to some extent,will contribute to the renovation and remodel of the national culture,thus to embody the everlasting national cultural glamour,and to resists the invasion and assimilation of foreign TV and film culture in order to secure the national ones.


The diluent effects of PC67,sodium silicate and sodium carbonate and plaster chemical reaction with these three kinds of diluents were verified.The useful life of plaster mould was discussed in using these three kinds of diluents.


Local shopping platforms offer especially for small retailers the potential to improve general CRM towards the local customer, but also to enhance the overall brand perception within the market. Hereby, our study concentrates on the research question, to what extent customers' evaluation of an inferior product presentation on such platforms depends on the retail format (SME-retailer vs. retail chain). Based on the resource advantage (RA) theory and the information processing (IP) paradigm, we conducted a quasi-experimental online study (N=729). Results state that customers seem to rather overlook inaccuracies from a retail chain than from SME retailers. We show that customers' perceived competence of the retailer mediates store quality's impact on customer purchasing intentions, not just of the presented product, but as well at the retailer itself. Based on our results, we give implications for retailer cross-channel strategies and hint to the importance of emphasizing the retail format.


In laboratory cages, European bees hoarded more sucrose solution, and did so with greater efficiency than Africanized bees. Additional empty comb caused both Africanized and European bees to increase both their hoarding intensities and efficiencies. The proportional increase in hoarding intensity was somewhat less for the Africanized bees but the proportional increase in efficiency was similar for Africanized and European bees.


Information hiding can be seen everywhere in our daily life, and this technology improves the security of information. The requirements for information security are becoming higher and higher. The coverless information hiding with the help of mapping relationship has high capacity, but there is still a problem in which the secret message cannot find the mapping relationship and the process requires extra storage burden during the transmission. Therefore, on the basis of symmetric reversible watermarking, the paper introduces the two-level mechanism and novel arrangements to solve the problem of sufficient diversity of features and has better capacity and image quality as a whole. Besides, for the security of secret message, this paper designs a new encryption model based on Logistic mapping. This method only employs coverless information hiding of one carrier image to transmit secret message with the help of the two-level mechanism and look-up table. Reversible information hiding is applied to embed the generated location table on the original image so that ensures storage and security. The experiment certifies that the diversity of hash code is increased by using the two-level image mechanism and the quality of the image is excellent, which proves the advantages of the proposed symmetric method over the previous algorithm.


Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of various contaminants on the apical sealing ability and microhardness of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) in extracted teeth ex vivo. Methods: The root canals of 51 single-rooted human teeth were prepared and fi11ed with laterally condensed guttapercha cones and a sealer After root surface coating, apicoectomy ancl preparation of apical cavities, the teeth were randomly divided into 5 groups. Group 1 was contarninated with distMed water (control), group 2 with saline solution, group 3 with adrenalin solution, group 4 with blood, and group 5 with EDTZA solution. After filling with MZA, the teeth were subjected to a leakage test. The teeth samples were then bisected and subjected to a microhardness test, and observed by stereoscopy and scanning electron microscopy Results: A hermetic seal was observecl morphologically in group 1. Howeve; partial sealing and gaps between dentin and MTZA or lacunae in MTA were observed in groups 2-5. Group 1 showed significantly less leakage than the other groups, but there was no significant difference among the experimental groups, The microhardness of group 5 was significant]y Iess than that of group 1. Conclusion: The results suggested that contamination of MZA while setting decreased the sealing ability of M[[IA.


Techniques are well-established to quantify ciliary beat frequency (CBF), which is often reduced in patients with primary ciliary dyskinesia. This project aims to determine the impact of genetic polymorphisms in the T2R38 (bitter taste) receptor in response to chemical ligands, which is predicted to lead to changes in CBF, which are transient and small in magnitude. These receptors are of interest as they have been shown to 'sense' quorum sensing molecules produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pa) and may thus be disease modifiers in patients with cystic fibrosis. This work describes the development of a rapid CBF assay with sufficient sensitivity to provide a read-out of airway epithelial cell responses to stimulation in vitro. Air-liquid interface (ALI) cultures were obtained from surplus clinical diagnostic samples. Cells in ALI were exposed to phosphate buffered saline (PBS; negative control) and adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP; positive control). Experiments were conducted in temperature-controlled wells under a 40× light microscope. Cilia were imaged by high-speed video camera and CBF expressed as a ratio of stimulated/basal frequencies. CBF increased in ALI cultures exposed to ATP (n = 4) but not PBS (n = 3), in experiments at 24–25˚C; this effect was not seen at 37 ˚C. Mean ±SEM stimulated/basal CBF ratio was 1.00 ± 0.05 in the PBS-exposed cells, and 1.31 ± 0.08 in the ATP-exposed cells (p = 0.029). Inter-observer variability (n = 2) was lower than within-sample CBF variability (95% limits of agreement from -0.66 to 1.62 Hz). Intra-observer variability was good with 95% limits of agreement between -0.31 to 0.52 Hz. An assay has been developed to detect rapid changes in CBF in ALI cultures using ATP as a positive control. Further work is being undertaken to a) optimise this assay in epithelial cells in suspension, thus increasing throughput, and b) assess more relevant chemicals and culture media. Once optimised, this assay will be used to study the effects of Pa quorum sensing molecules on ciliated epithelial cells in vitro, from patients of varying TAS2R38 genotypes.Abstract S69 Figure 1


A description is given of a technique using a lamellar graft for the treatment of recurrent pterygium. The rate of recurrence is smaller than when compared to the results obtained by treatment with simple lamellar keratectomy.


This paper concludes basic situation of flat glass industry in the 11th Five Year Plan,analyzes production capacity distribution of flat glass lines and pull factors constraints of flat glass market increase during the 12th Five Year Plan,and forecasts the demand of flat glass market at the preliminary stage of the 12th Five Year Plan.


A data communication method in which transmission/receiving is performed for each frame according to an unbalanced half-duplex high-level data link control communication method, and between one and the other stations, comprises the step of: transferring transmission right to the other station, when the one station receives a frame, and the received frame is a transmission right transferring frame and is a data frame.


Spinal stimulation for neuropathic treatment was modeled by incorporating and inhibitory junctions and a volume conductor into Hodgkin-Huxley and Frankenhaeuser-Huxley axon models. Results indicate successful merging of the models at low resistivity values but also show that these two mechanisms operate independently of one another. At high resistivity values, the model no longer produces reliable results, most likely due to the effect of capacitive and inductive forces that are produced by thick layers of tissue.


ABSTRACTIn creating Australia's first prime ministerial library, a new cultural institution was developed which blends professional practice from the fields of librarianship, education, archives, journalism and museums. The John Curtin Prime Ministerial Library honours the contribution of wartime prime minister John Curtin, works towards the advancement of knowledge and the enrichment of culture, and provides a gateway for the community to learn about its past in order to build a better future. It aims to fulfil this purpose by developing a unique research collection and a varied outreach program for the educational sector and general community.


Though not mandated to do so by state law, an operator undertook an internal inspection of a pipeline with instrumented in-line inspection tools (smart pigs) as a proactive measure. This article describes the techniques used, the technology of the tools, and the results obtained. It also covers the business and public relations aspects of the inspection.


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Biopolymer hosts can be successfully used for the fabrication of multifunctional photonic devices due to their good optical properties, biocompatibility, remarkable mechanical properties and a wealth of chemical functionalization. Particularly, the silk fibroin (SF) biopolymer presents a wide range of suitable properties for photonic applications that were not fully exploited. In the present work, we demonstrate the operation of a distributed feedback (DFB) laser based on SF films doped with Rhodamine 6G (Rh6G) dye and films containing Rh6G and silica or silver nanoparticles. The SF grating structures were fabricated using a commercial blank digital versatile disc (DVD) as the template. The addition of silica or silver nanoparticles to the SF film led to enhanced emission due to the multiple scattering of light by the silica nanoparticles and a reduction of the emission linewidth. The laser wavelength was centered between ≈560 and ≈575 nm corresponding to the fourth-order diffraction of a 750 nm period of the SF grating. The results show that regenerated SF films are promising matrices for DFB lasers because of the excellent optical quality and large potential for biomedicine regarding biocompatibility and benign processing conditions.


During the last decade, the relevance of improving the energy efficiency and thus reduce the energy consumption of buildings has gained momentum for many reasons. In addition to economic and sustainability reasons, an important factor is to ensure and maintain comfortable and healthy conditions inside buildings. Indeed, the study of the behavior of users inside buildings is essential to ensure comfortable and healthy conditions in living environments and cannot be avoided when defining energy saving measures. To achieve this goal, this paper presents a simulation framework for the prediction of the electricity consumption of cluster of buildings based on users' behaviors. The framework is based on model-based approaches simulating the energy consumption of buildings and statistical models representing the behavior of users. Simulated energy consumption profiles are then used to train recurrent neural networks that, based on real energy consumption data, can be used to tune the statistical and deterministic parameters of the simulation models. University campuses comprising different type of buildings are used as reference use case in this paper, as representative example of energy cluster of buildings.


Summary Indexes of the marriage rates for the years 1921-47 and of the fertility experience since the Population (Statistics) Act, 1938, came into force are set out in a series of tables. The first-marriage rates for each sex are analysed by calendar year and age and also by a generation approach; the relative merits of the various methods of their presentation are discussed. Fluctuations in the sizes of male and female marriage rates in each age-group are considered in relation to the estimated numbers of unmarried men and women available for marriage to partners in the age-group. The fertility statistics are exhibited according to either the year in which the mother attained the age of 16 or the year of her marriage, and the differences between these approaches are examined. The special experience of the couples who married in exceptionally large numbers in 1939 and 1940 is considered in the light of current theories about the effect on fertility of sudden changes in the numbers and age distribution of ...


Variants of construction of reduction tract of pulse-phase self-tuning frequency loop are considered. Amplification coefficients for noise accompanying input referent oscillation, which fall within the loop transparency band, are defined, and methods of the noise reduction are proposed.


This case report describes the abuse of oxytocin, a substance without known euphoric or CNS effects. The possible mechanism which resulted in its abuse is discussed.


Breast cancer molecular subtypes classification plays an import role to sort patients with divergent prognosis. The biomarkers used are Estrogen Receptor (ER), Progesterone Receptor (PR), HER2, and Ki67. Based on these biomarkers expression levels, subtypes are classified as Luminal A (LA), Luminal B (LB), HER2 subtype, and Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC). Immunohistochemistry is used to classify subtypes, although interlaboratory and interobserver variations can affect its accuracy, besides being a time-consuming technique. The Fourier transform infrared micro-spectroscopy may be coupled with deep learning for cancer evaluation, where there is still a lack of studies for subtypes and biomarker levels prediction. This study presents a novel 2D deep learning approach to achieve these predictions. Sixty micro-FTIR images of 320x320 pixels were collected from a human breast biopsies microarray. Data were clustered by K-means, preprocessed and 32x32 patches were generated using a fully automated approach. CaReNet-V2, a novel convolutional neural network, was developed to classify breast cancer (CA) vs adjacent tissue (AT) and molecular subtypes, and to predict biomarkers level. The clustering method enabled to remove non-tissue pixels. Test accuracies for CA vs AT and subtype were above 0.84. The model enabled the prediction of ER, PR, and HER2 levels, where borderline values showed lower performance (minimum accuracy of 0.54). Ki67 percentage regression demonstrated a mean error of 3.6%. Thus, CaReNet-V2 is a potential technique for breast cancer biopsies evaluation, standing out as a screening analysis technique and helping to prioritize patients.


Experiment research on ultr-fine comminuting mica with high pressure water jet,usingthe priciple of direct injection abrasive jet,has been studied. The nozzle is able to disintegratemica which size is larger than its inside diameter. And the pressure is the most important parameter that affects the effectiveness of comminution with high pressure water jet. The output of fine-size particles increases when the pressure increases and input mica size decreases.The effectiveness of comminution with water jet in submerged state is better than that innon-submerged state. Ultra-fine comminuting mica with high pressure water jet is a practicaltechnique for ultra-fine mica comminution, which can satisfy the demand of pearly micapowder,protecting the sheet structure and mica glossiness.


We propose the removal method of brass plating on fine wire using plasma sputtering process. New type of line-shaped plasma source has been developed by applying three-phase alternating current voltage to triangle-type electrodes. The discharge characteristics of this plasma source will be reported.


We report on the diffraction-limited performance of a free-space aberration corrected concave grating demultiplexer. The fibre-to-fibre loss was less than 9 dB and channel isolation better than 25 dB for channel spacing of 0.4 nm, in the wavelength range 24 nm around 1.5 /spl mu/m. This device has applications in wavelength routing crossconnects and in optical spectrum analysers.


The objective of this project was to design a rainwater collection and treatment system at the Center for Industrial and Service Technological Studies No. 23 "Cetis23" as a corrective measure to prevent the flooding of gardens in the rainy season and increase the endowment of water to the population of the campus. The design began through a field study of the surfaces of the buildings to determine which are the ones with greater area and better surface, in this case were the buildings with gable roofs. Using the Sweet Home 3D software, the system was simulated in each building and a cost study was carried out, budgeting materials and labor. The pre-storage system for rainwater storage was proposed, consisting mainly of a sand and gravel filter. Finally, a ferrocement storage tank was designed. This system is an uncomplicated, economical and ecological technological option to provide water, in quantity and quality, to the population of CETis 23 (1354 people with an expense of 10 L per person per day).


Objective To observe of the clinical efficacy using dynamic hip screw (DHS) fixation for the treatment of intertrochanteric fractures of the elderly.Methods Select the 22 cases of elderly patients with intertrochanteric fractures treated with open reduction and DHS operations,and the results were analyzed retrospectively.Results The mean follow-up 8 month (4~12months),21 cases of fracture reduction,fixation,were satisfied with the healing,hip joints good,1 patient due to hip fracture serious crush the activities limited.Conclusion Use of dynamic hip screw (DHS) fixation for the treatment of intertrochanteric fracture fixation reliable,combined with postoperative functional exercise,efficacy is very good.


ABSTRACT In the absence of wood, bone, and other organics, one possible candidate for determining the age of a site is the radiocarbon (14C) dating of pottery. In central Europe during the Early Neolithic, pottery was ubiquitous and contained substantial quantities of organic temper. However, attempts at the direct dating of organic inclusions raises a lot of methodological issues, especially when several sources of carbon contribute to the resulting radiocarbon age. Hence an alternative approach to dating of the early pottery is necessary. Here, we present a novel method of bulk separation of organic content from the grass-tempered pottery from Santovka (Slovakia). The procedure is based on the consecutive application of three inorganic acids, dissolving clay, silica content, and low molecular or mobile fractions to separate organic inclusions added to the pottery matrix during the formation of vessels. Radiocarbon dates obtained with this method are coherent and produce the shortest time span compared to other pretreatment methods presented in this study. The paired dates of grass-tempered pots with the 14C age of lipids extracted from the same pots point to a difference of 400–600 14C yr, however they are in line with the site's chronostratigraphic Bayesian model. Grass-tempered pottery from Santovka (Slovakia) is dated to the first half of the 6th millennium cal BC, making it the earliest pottery north of the Danube. It seems feasible that ceramic containers from Santovka were produced by hunter-gatherers, and pottery predated the arrival of farming in the Carpathian region by a couple of centuries.