This paper describes a wheeled underwater robot developed for locating chemical sources autonomously under stagnant flow conditions. In still water, the released chemical stays in the immediate vicinity of the source location. The search for chemical sources under such conditions is extremely laborious since the presence of a chemical source cannot be detected from a distant place. The chemical sensors on the robot show no response unless a chemical substance released from the source arrives at the sensors. Crayfish in search of food are known to actively generate water currents by waving their small appendages with a fan-like shape. It is considered that the generated water currents help their olfactory search. The smell of food is carried to their olfactory organs from the surroundings by the generated flow, and then is perceived. The robot presented in this paper employs arms mimicking the maxillipeds of a crayfish to generate water currents and to draw chemicals to its sensors. By waving the arms vertically, a three-dimensional flow field is generated and water samples are drawn from a wide angular range. The direction of a chemical source can be determined by comparing the responses of four laterally aligned electrochemical sensors. Experimental results show that the flow field generated by the maxilliped arms is more effective in collecting chemical samples onto the sensors than that generated by a pump. The robot equipped with the maxilliped arms can detect the presence of a chemical source even if the source is placed off the trajectory of the robot.


This article examines the discussion of age and youthfulness in the New Left. Youthfulness came to function as an important but contested symbol in the movement. For many, youth status offered an identity apart from racial or economic privilege; thus to embrace being a youth movement was a way to organize around one's own oppression. Others, however, quickly realized the limits of a youth revolution frame. Painfully aware of the charge that they would someday outgrow radicalism, some activists began to ask questions about how to become life-long radicals. They critiqued a simplistic embrace of youth culture and moved away from privileging youth as the vanguard of revolution.


This paper presents a technique for estimating the ratios e(x+10)/e(x) over ages from two enumerations in a closed population following Generalized Population Model, which, in turn, are used to estimate life expectancies at older ages between 65 and 80. The proposed technique makes use of the values of e(75) and (80) estimated through an earlier method, proposed by the author, based on the assumption of local stability of the of the sub-population aged 70 & above. To test the validity of the procedure, the present technique has been applied to different quality of agedata starting with the age-data of Japan (1965-70) having reasonably good age-reporting followed by that of China (1982-90) with moderate error in age-reporting, and finally with those of India (1981-91, 1991-2001 & 2001-2011) that are heavily distorted due to age-misreporting.


The sun is shining, so summer is really here and I am delighted to say prescribing does seem to be gaining in momentum.It is great to read in this edition the article on supplementary nurse prescribing for diabetic patients in secondary care, which states: 'nurse prescribing offers a legal framework for prescribing by diabetic specialist nurses.' Most importantly, nurse prescribing reduces delays for inpatients. This is good hard evidence and we do need more nurses such as June James to put pen to paper to state how prescribing benefits patient care.


The tortuosity is a very important parameter for description of fluid flow in porous media, and it has been shown that porous media in nature have the fractal characteristics. The Sierpinski carpet is an exactly self-similar fractal model, which is often used to simulate fractal porous media. In this work, the tortuosity of different generations of Sierpinski carpet is calculated and analyzed by the finite volume method. A simple linear relation between the generations and tortuosity in pore fractal model of porous media is obtained. The results are compared with the available conclusions and show a more realistic tortuosity predication for fluid flow in the two-dimensional pore fractal models of porous media.


Material requirements planning (MRP) is an old field but still now plays an important role in coordinating replenishment decision for materials/components of complex product structure. As the key part of MRP system, the multilevel lot-sizing (MLLS) problem concerns how to determine the lot sizes for producing/procuring multiple items at different levels with quantita‐ tive interdependences, so as to minimize the total costs of production/procurement setup and inventory holding in the planning horizon. The problem is of great practical importance for the efficient operation of modern manufacturing and assembly processes and has been widely studied both in practice and in academic research over past half century. Optimal solution algorithms exist for the problem; however, only small instances can be solved in reasonable computational time because the problem is NP-hard (Steinberg and Napier, 1980). Early dynamic programming formulations used a network representation of the problem with a series structure (Zhangwill, 1968,1969) or an assembly structure (Crowston and Wagner,1973). Other optimal approaches involve the branch and bound algorithms (Afentakis et al., 1984, Afentakis and Gavish, 1986) that used a converting approach to change the classical formulation of the general structure into a simple but expanded assembly structure. As the MLLS problem is so common in practice and plays a fundamental role in MRP system, many heuristic approaches have also been developed, consisting first of the sequential application of the single-level lot-sizing models to each component of the product structure (Yelle,1979, Veral and LaForge,1985), and later, of the application of the multilevel lot-sizing models. The multilevel models quantify item interdependencies and thus perform better than the single-level based models (Blackburn and Millen, 1985, Coleman and McKnew, 1991).


The implementation of a methodology for environmental and quality management systems integratedto process analysis for the prevention of environmental proble...


Marine oils are rich sources of eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3;EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3;DHA). When consumed in small amounts they may contribute towards meeting a requirement for n-3 fatty acids and in larger amounts exert pharmacological effects and modify the requirements for other nutrients. Some fish oils, such as herring and mackerel, also contain substantial quantities of cetoleic (22:ln-11) and gadoleic (20: ln-11). These C20-22 monounsaturated fatty acids are oxidized by peroxysomal oxidation similar to erucic acid.


Objectives – To determine the frequencies of spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) in the Kinki district, the western part of the main island of Japan. Material and methods– One hundred and forty‐three families with dominantly inherited ataxia and 220 patients with apparently sporadic cerebellar ataxia were examined for the SCA1, SCA2, SCA3/Machado–Joseph disease (MJD), SCA6, SCA7, SCA8, SCA12 and dentatorubral‐pallidoluysian atrophy (DRPLA) mutations. Results– Among the dominant families, SCA1 accounted for 3%, SCA2 for 4%, SCA3/MJD for 24%, SCA6 for 31% and DRPLA for 12%. Neither SCA7 nor SCA12 mutations were detected. Among the apparently sporadic patients, 15% were found to have expanded triplet repeats. Of these, the SCA6 mutation was most frequently detected. Conclusion– SCA6 is the most common SCA in the Kinki district of Japan. Comparison of our results with those from other regions of Japan and different countries shows geographic and ethnic variation in the frequency of SCAs.


The purpose of this study was to address the question as to how teacher preparation programs can modify their curriculum to include authentic experiences with the integration of technology that will support the teaching and learning practices of special education teacher candidates. Additionally, this study investigated whether the inclusion of authentic assignments would facilitate the transfer of skills and knowledge of teacher candidates to teaching practices and reduce the disconnect between what strategies are used in special education teacher preparation programs and those strategies that special education teachers are using in the classroom.


Background: advances in treatment has improved greatly survival of multiple myeloma in the last two decades, and this improvement has been endorsed by wider use of novel drugs and tandem autologous stem cell transplantation. however, still there were cases died earlier post diagnosis Objectives: to study the risk factors of early mortality in patients with multiple myeloma in Kurdistan region of Iraq Patients and methods: a 176 cases that were diagnosed with symptomatic multiple myeloma between (January 2012 – July 2019) in cancer centers in Kurdistan region of Iraq. a total of 152 were continued within the study through their recorded sheet. their data were analysed to determine what are the main risk factors that have an impact on early mortality among our myeloma patients. Results: among the total of 152 studied patients nine of them (5.9%) died early. the highest proportion (32.2%) of the sample aged 60-69 years, more than half (57.2%) of the them were male. the majority of the patients (80.9%) have been diagnosed during 2016-2019. the incidence of early death was 8.7% among patients who didn't take the cytotoxic treatment compared with 1.7% of patients who took that treatment, but the difference was not significant (P = 0.089). the early death rate was significantly high (22.2%) among patients who didn't take the immunomodulatory drugs, versus 2.4% of patients who took the immunomodulatory drugs (P = 0.001). the incidence of early mortality was 9.6% among patients with lactate dehydrogenase of ≥ 250 U/L compared with 0% among patients with LDH of less than 250 (P = 0.013). Conclusion: LDH level is a high prediction in finding early mortality among patients with multiple myeloma, and intake of immunomodulatory drugs is highly preventive in early death occurrence. keywords: Multiple Myeloma, Kurdistan Region of Iraq Principle Investigator Full name: Diveen Jalal Hussein  Email: firstname.lastname@example.com Mobile phone number: 07504884399 Research Supervisor: Full name: Dr. Kawa Muhamedamin Hasan  Email: email@example.com Mobile phone number: 07504486240 Research CO_Supervisor: Full name: Dr. NawsherwanSadiq Mohammed  Email: email@example.com


Tetracyano-p-quinodimethane (TCNQ) analogues containing the title heterocyclic units were synthesized, and the interesting crystal structures of the neutral compounds and the charge-transfer complexes with TTF were revealed by X-ray analysis.


This note presents simple techniques for forecasting income statements and balance sheets. It focuses on a percentage-sale approach, but also introduces the use of financial ratios for the same purpose. Excerpt UVA-F-0899 Rev. May 1, 1991 Financial Forecasting One of the most important financial functions is to forecast financing needs in the future. The key relationship is between sales and assets. As sales change, so do assets. Increases in sales result in an increase in cash, accounts receivable, inventory, and possibly in fixed assets. These increases in assets must be funded. The liability and net worth side of the balance sheet must also increase to support the increases on the asset side. Some items such as accounts payable and accrued liabilities increase automatically with sales. Retained earnings also increase, but the increase depends on how much of earnings are retained by the firm. If the increases in spontaneously changing liabilities and retained earnings are not enough to offset the increase in assets, outside funds are required. Determining how much outside funding will be needed is important for planning. By forecasting funding needs, managers can either arrange the financing or revise their plans if funding is inadequate. This planning is done by producing pro-forma income statements and balance sheets for future periods. The easiest way to see how financial forecasting is done is to follow an example. Example . . .


The criticism of meaning of the Ci-poetry critical theory in the Qing Dynasty may roughly be divided into three stages: the early Qing Dynasty is its protruding stage,the mid Qing Dynasty is its expanding and filling stage,and the late Qing Dynasty is the deepening and perfecting stage.The three stages show that when the criticism of Ci-poems' meaning developed to the Qing Dynasty,its thoughts formed the characteristics of lasting expanding,filling,deepening and perfecting.


The invention discloses a corn flour with a seafood flavor and a preparation method thereof. The corn flour is characterized by being composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 200 to 220 parts of niblet, 1 to 2 parts of pumpkin flower, 2 to 3 parts of chrysanthemum, 1 to 2 parts of wolfberry, 0.8 to 1 part of siraitia grosvenorii flower, 1 to 1.2 parts of pagodatree pod, 1 to 1.5 parts of herminium lanceum, 2 to 3 parts of splendid achnatherum flower, 12 to 13 parts of orange juice, 4 to 5 parts of shrimp egg, 20 to 24 parts of ham sausage, 10 to 11 parts of jam, 2 to 3 parts of water shield, 3 to 4 parts of Chinese cabbage, 8 to 10 parts of pea, 60 to 65 parts of scallop meat, and 7 to 8 parts of nutrition additive. The corn flour has a proper sweet degree and a smooth taste; seafood is added, thus the corn flour has a palatable taste and unique flavor; at the same time, a plurality of traditional Chinese herbals is added, so the corn flour has the functions of nourishing liver and kidney, rectifying qi, nourishing blood, and reducing blood fat, if people regularly eat the corn flour; and furthermore, the corn flour is easy to store and eat, and is a green food.


Mycophenolic acid (MPA) is mainly glucuronized by uridine diphosphate-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) into the phenolic MPA glucuronide (MPAG). MPAG is excreted by transporters such as organic anion-transporting polypeptide (gene SLCO), multidrug resistance protein 2 (gene ABCC2), breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP, gene ABCG2) or P-glycoprotein (gene ABCB1). This study investigated the association of UGTs, SLCOs, ABCB1, ABCC2, and ABCG2 polymorphisms with MPAG pharmacokinetics in 80 Japanese renal transplant recipients. Eighty recipients were given repeated doses of combination immunosuppressive therapy consisting of mycophenolate mofetil and tacrolimus every 12 hours at a designated time (0900 and 2100). On day 28, after renal transplantation, plasma concentrations of MPA and MPAG were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. There were no significant differences in the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) ratio of MPAG/MPA between UGT1A1, UGT1A6, UGT1A7, UGT1A8, and UGT1A9 I399C/T genotypes. On the other hand, the median dose-adjusted AUC0-12 of MPAG in SLCO1B1 1a/1a+1a/1b+1b+1b (n = 53) and 1a/*15 + 1b/*15+*15/*15 (n = 27) were 1549 and 1134 mg·h L−1 g−1, respectively (P = 0.03004 in multivariate analysis). The median dose-adjusted AUC0-12 of MPAG in SLCO1B3 334T/T+T/G (699G/G+G/A, n = 46) and 334G/G (699A/A, n = 34) was 1191 and 1580 mg·h L−1 g−1, respectively (P = 0.02792 in multivariate analysis). There were no significant differences in the dose-adjusted AUC0-12 of MPAG between the ABCB1 C3435T and ABCC2 C-24T genotypes. However, the dose-adjusted AUC0-12 of MPAG was significantly lower in recipients with ABCG2 421C/A+A/A (n = 44) than in those with C/C (n = 36) (P = 0.0295). In conclusion, our findings showed that MPAG pharmacokinetics were significantly influenced by SLCO1B1 and SLCO1B3 polymorphisms and not by UGT polymorphisms. BCRP rather than multidrug resistance protein 2 seems to be the transporter associated with biliary excretion of MPAG.


HuMax-CD20 is a fully human monoclonal IgG1 antibody targeting a unique extracellular epitope of the CD20 molecule on B-cells. HuMax-CD20 stops growth of engrafted B-cell tumors in SCID mouse tumor models more efficiently than Rituximab®, and i.v. infusion of HuMax-CD20 in cynomolgus monkeys has led to profound, long lasting, dose-dependent B-cell depletion. A total of 40 patients with CD20+ relapsed or refractory follicular non-Hodgkin's lymphoma grade I-II will be enrolled in this open-label, dose-escalating, international, multi-center clinical trial. Cohorts of 10 patients will receive i.v. infusions at doses of either 300, 500, 700 or 1000 mg once weekly for 4 weeks. The patients are followed for 12 months. Patients receive oral acetaminophen and i.v. antihistamin before infusion. In case of adverse events of CTC grade 3 or higher, i.v. glucocorticosteroids are given.

The endpoints are CT scan verified tumor response according to the Cheson criteria, B-cell depletion in peripheral blood and lymph nodes, time to next anti-lymphoma treatment, duration of response, BCL2 conversion, pharmacokinetics, and adverse events. Tumor and bone marrow biopsies and CT scans are assessed centrally. The first 17 patients treated with HuMax-CD20 are the subject of this report. Mean age is 60 years. In the 300 mg group all 10 patients have received all 4 infusions. Seven patients have been enrolled in the 500 mg group; three of them have received 4 infusions, two have received 3 infusions, and two patients have received 2 infusions. Baseline B-cell count was in the range of 11-382 x 106 cells per L with a median of 114 x 106. One week after the first infusion the median B-cell count available in 16 patients was 8 x 106 cells per L with a range of 0–19 x 106. In six of the 16 patients no B-cells were detected. B-cell counts measured one week after the 4th infusion are available for 10 patients. Eight patients had no detectable B-cells, one patient had 11 x 106 and one had 34 x 106 cells per L. B-cell counts eight weeks after the 4th infusion are available for two patients. No B-cells were detectable in these two patients.

No dose limiting toxicity has been reported with administration of 300 or 500 mg. One serious adverse event assessed as not related to HuMax-CD20 has been reported in the 300 mg group. Infusion related adverse events have primarily been seen during the first infusion of HuMax-CD20. The events have, as expected, predominantly been signs and symptoms of cytokine release, e.g. pruritus, dyspnoea, rigors/chills, nausea, hypotension, urticaria, fatigue, fever and rash. In 15 of the 17 patients, 51 adverse events have been reported. Nine adverse events were CTC grade 3, 16 were grade 2, and 26 events were grade 1. In conclusion, this analysis based on preliminary data for the first 17 patients treated with HuMax-CD20 demonstrated significant depletion of peripheral blood B-cells and a favorable safety profile. An updated report of results for all 40 patients including preliminary tumor response data will be presented.


. Mode: LC Detector: Refractive index High Fructose Corn Syrup Column: 7.8-mm × 30-cm; packing L19 Temperatures DEFINITION Detector: 45° Column: 85° Flow rate: 0.6 mL/min Change to read: Injection volume: 10 μL Run time: 20 min High Fructose Corn Syrup is •.a clear aqueous solution of System suitability saccharides prepared• (IRA 1-Jul-2013) from high-dextroseSample: Standard solution equivalent corn starch hydrolysate by the partial enzy[NOTE—The relative retention times for maltose, dexmatic conversion of dextrose to fructose, using an insolutrose, and fructose are about 0.83, 1.00, and 1.32, ble glucose isomerase enzyme preparation that complies respectively.] with 21 CFR 184.1372. It is available in two types, 42% Suitability requirements and 55%, based on fructose •.as a proportion of total Resolution: NLT 1.5 between maltose and dextrose, saccharides.• (IRA 1-Jul-2013) High Fructose Corn Syrup 42% and NLT 1.5 between dextrose and fructose contains NLT 97.0% of total saccharides, expressed as a Relative standard deviation: NMT 1.0% for the percentage of total solids, of which NLT 92.0% consists fructose peak of monosaccharides, •.including 41.0%–50.0% of frucAnalysis tose,• (IRA 1-Jul-2013) and NMT 8.0% consists of other sacchaSamples: Standard solution and Sample solution rides. High Fructose Corn Syrup 55% contains NLT Inject a volume (about 10 μL) of the Sample solution, 95.0% of total saccharides, expressed as a percentage of and measure all the peak areas. The elution pattern total solids, of which •.NLT 94.0% consists of monosacincludes the higher degree of polymerized saccharides charides, including 54.0%–60.0% of fructose, and NMT (DP4+), followed by tri-saccharides (DP3), maltose, 6.0% consists of other saccharides.• (IRA 1-Jul-2013) dextrose, and fructose. The higher-molecular-weight polysaccharides containing more than 4 D-glucopyraIDENTIFICATION nosyl units can be integrated into one peak repre• A. sented by the peak of DP4+. Analysis: Add a few drops of a solution (1 in 10) of [NOTE—The relative retention times for higher degrees Syrup to 5 mL of hot, alkaline cupric tartrate TS. of polymerized saccharides (DP4+), tri-saccharides Acceptance criteria: A copious, red precipitate of cu(DP3), maltose, dextrose, and fructose are about prous oxide is formed (distinction from sucrose). 0.66, 0.74, 0.82, 1.00, and 1.32, respectively, from the Sample solution.] Add the following: Calculate the percentage of monosaccharides, PMS, expressed in terms of fructose (PF) and dextrose (PD), in • .• B. It meets the requirements of the Assay.• (IRA 1-Jul-2013) the total solid portion of Syrup taken:


Our study demonstrates the use of the Walter–Elwood method in double-peak seasonal variation. The concept of the geometrical model for analysing cyclic variation is described. Monte Carlo simulation procedures are used to compare the performance of the Walter–Elwood and negative binomial regression methods with double-peak seasonality, in both a comparison between the two methods and a power analysis. The results of 10,000 independent Monte Carlo simulations showed that the Walter– Elwood method and the negative binomial regression analysis identified the same peak in 9,956 samples, indicating that the power of both methods is similar in analysing double-peak cyclic trends. Additionally, two epidemiological applications of double-peak seasonality are presented, which were analysed using the Walter–Elwood method. Further, this is the first study to describe the power of the Walter-Elwood method for double peak seasonality. In conclusion, double-peak seasonality could be investigated with the Walter–Elwood method in ecological studies when only the population at risk is available and there is no other variable.


This paper deals with usage of approximations for simulation of more complex audio circuits. A Fender type guitar preamp was chosen as a case study. This circuit contains two tubes and thus four nonlinear functions as well as it is a parametric circuit because of an integrated tone stack. A state-space approach was used for simulation and further, precomputed solution is approximated using nonuniform cubic splines.


The chemical control on Stephanitis pyriodes was studied.The results showed that the effects of 1.8% avermectin and 10% imidacloprid were good,and the control effects were 97.4% and 96.8%,respectively,three days after treatment.


The special properties of loess make its impact on the vibration propagation of high-speed railways different from other soils. In this study, the static and dynamic characteristics of loess were studied by static and dynamic triaxial tests. The experimental results show that when the
 frequency is the same, the dynamic stress-strain relationship curve moves up with the increase of the confining pressure. The frequency has little effect on the initial tangential dynamic modulus of the undisturbed loess. we studied the static and dynamic characteristics of loess and discussed
 the implementation methods of viscoelastic artificial boundary and infinite element boundary in high-speed rail dynamic response analysis. The vibration reduction and isolation effect of the trench with different filling materials (the concrete, gypsum, foamed plastic, and rubber) was studied.
 The results show that the comprehensive performance of the foamed plastics is better from the perspective of durability and stability of the vibration isolation trench wall. The research results can provide a reference for the selection of filling materials for high-speed railway vibration
 isolation trench in loess area.


Blood products are precious resources obtained from donors who donate with the intention to help people. These blood products however do not always go to the patients, instead sometimes ending up in the waste. It is inevitable to have some degree of the wastage due to limited blood product shelf life, the inherent need to have stock on hand at all times, and the often unpredictable demand of these products. However, it is possible to minimize the wastage of blood products with careful management of inventories, proper documentation, and education1. In this study, we aim to identify the amount and cost of wasted blood products at Staten Island University Hospital in 2020, the reasons behind the wastage, and solutions to reduce the wastage.

 A retrospective statistical analysis of blood product waste data in 2020 was performed manually with Microsoft Excel. Wastage rate and average cost was calculated, the reasons behind the wastage were identified, and low cost interventions to reduce wastage were planned.

 Total number of the wasted blood product is 425 which represents 3.8% of the total inventory at a total cost of $ 97,309.46 which does not include the hours spend by the lab personnel for the wasted products. The most wasted blood component is fresh frozen plasma (FFP) (Table 1). Thawing the frozen blood products (FFP and cryoprecipitate) significantly shortens the shelf life and triggers a lot of wastage through expiration (Table 2). 32.5 % of the wasted products are wasted due to expiration on the shelf (Diagram 1). Other reasons for the wastage includes patient unreadiness, patient refusal, late return of unused products etc. (Graph 1).

 Educating clinical and laboratory team members about the reasons for wasted blood products and strategies to reduce it might significantly reduce the wastage. Appropriate activation and immediate deactivation of massive transfusion protocol (MTP) would be one of the most important aspect of this education. Expired thawed blood product is the largest contributor to wastage, and MTP is the main reason for thawing. Preventing unnecessary MTP activation minimizes over-thawing and therefore minimizes the expiration and wastage. Documentation of the wasted blood product should be improved to better identify the reasons behind wastage.


The present paper reports a case of benign melanocytoma in an 8- years old non-descript cow, which are reported less commonly in India. The tumour was located on ventral aspect of neck and was surgically removed with successful recovery. Histopathological expression of the tumour suggests its benign nature which is also confirmed by its non-recurrence after 2 years of its surgical removal.


Gamification refers to the use and combination of game design elements in a non-entertainment-based context. Despite the preliminary success of gamification, nowadays the concept faces some criticism. Most gamification projects do not consider context characteristics and implement elements without considering user needs. This can be observed in the inconsistent combination of elements and the varying results of research studies. Consequently, we aim to identify which element combinations users of learning management systems prefer. To achieve our goal, we plan to use a conjoint analysis which allows us to evaluate different element combinations. Based on our results, we expect to better understand the meaning of elements, and therefore, how gamification motivates users. As a practical contribution, we provide insights on how to combine elements against the backdrop of user preferences and context characteristics. Our theoretical contribution is to be able to explain users' motivational structures by analyzing specific elements and combinations.


The distribution and morphology of the secretory structures in Melittis melissophyllum L. subsp. melissophyllum (Lamiaceae) were studied for the fi rst time by light and scanning electron microscopy. The indumentum of the vegetative and reproductive organs includes non-glandular hairs and peltate (type A) and capitate (types B and C) glandular trichomes. Histochemical techniques enabled specifi c location of the site of essential oil accumulation in the type A peltate hairs. In order to confi rm the occurrence of the 1-octen-3-ol chemotype in central Italy, six populations growing in diff erent places were analysed for the essential oil composition by GC-FID and GC-MS. In all populations, 1-octen-3-ol was detected as the major volatile component, representing 56.3-70.6% of the total oils. To date, these percentages are the highest detected in a plant essential oil. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


With the development of social economy in China,people increasingly high demand for the power,so more of the distribution lines appeared in various places.The characteristics of the 10kV distribution line are long,across a wide area,and the structure is relatively complex,so the probability of failure is relatively large.While the distribution line fault effects are usually more severe.So we must try our best to control the occurrence of these problems.Then investigate fundamental problems,first start from the distribution project quality management,avoid to stay safe hidden trouble in construction process.This paper is the combination of the basic characteristics and some special requirements of power project construction,study from design,construction,acceptance and management four stages,and combine the theory with practice,put forward 10kV network engineering project quality management measures.


The problem of the spatial distribution of a fluorophore in layered tissue, or the non-uniform distribution of the fluorophore in homogeneous tissue is of great interest.


"Narrative of Growth" is an important aspect of contemporary art.The narrative features of the TV play When We Were Young are red idol and youth.It is a breakthrough in the revolutionary growth model of traditional realist literature and in the market model of popular art since 1990s.It has unique features in the narrative of growth process,the representation of relationship between characters and social environment,and the relationship between characters.


This chapter reviews what the role of the central banker is. For those who clung to the version of the gold standard professed in the Cunliffe Committee's reports, the question itself was provocative. The term "central banker" was anathema to their dogma of a monetary order governed by "rules" rather than "discretion." In theory, the gold standard system needs no such actor. Montagu Norman rejected this view categorically. More than any of his predecessors, he recognized the pivotal role that a central banker can play in determining the direction of the economy. Thus, the answer to the question of the role of the central banker changed radically in this period, in large part due to a most unexpected confluence of outlook between John Maynard Keynes and Norman. Both would have disclaimed it, but Keynes and Norman agreed that central bankers could — and should — serve as "saviors."


A composition of a powder, comprising: (i) one or more of a curable epoxy resin free radical and one or more of a second curable resin free radicals, or, as another possibility, (ii) one or more than one unsaturated polyester resin curable by free radicals combined with one or more of a wax; one or more than one free radical photoinitiator; one or more than one crystalline crosslinker resin; and optionally a thermal catalyst, characterized in that curing the coating powder has an average particle size of 5 to 25 microns.


Is it true that for all $n\geq k\geq 2$ there exists a prime number between $kn$ and $(k+1)n$? In this paper we show that there is always a prime number between $4n$ and $5n$ for all $n>2$. We also show there are at least seven prime numbers between $n$ and $5n$ for all $n>5$.


Objective To explore the clinical efficacy and characters of cataract extraction after glaucomo filtering surgery through small-incision on the temporal clear cornea.Methods Cataract extraction and lens implantation were performed on 16 eyes(16 people) after glaucoma filtering surgery through small-incision on the temporal clear cornea.They were all followed-up for 1~2 years.Results The postoperative visual acuity was improved in all 16 eyes.The IOP was well controlled.Its main operative complications were corneal endothelial edema or anterior chamber exudative fibrin.Conclusion The operotion of cataract extraction after glaucomo filtering surgery through small-incision on the temporal clear cornea has the advantages of short operation time,quick postoperative recovery,slight postoperative corneal astigmatism and the better recovered visual acuity,so this operative method is optional to patients with cataract after glamcoma filtering surgery.


The stratification is primarily controlled by the temperature in subtropical regions (alpha ocean), and by salinity in subpolar regions (beta ocean). Between these two regions lies a transition zone where intense frontal systems are usually found, either in the Southern Ocean or in the North Atlantic and North Pacific basins. Transition zones are often characterized by deep mixed layers in winter responsible for the ventilation of intermediate layers. Here we want to investigate what determines the latitudinal position of the transition zone. It is generally assumed that this position is set by the wind stress pattern forcing Ekman downwelling, however the position of the transition zone does not match so well the wind stress convergence zone in the observations. Another possibility would be that it is controlled by the distribution of air-sea fluxes. The equation of state (EOS) for seawater determines the relative impact of heat and freshwater forcing on the buoyancy forcing. A key property of seawater is that the density becomes less sensitive to temperature at low temperatures (caused by an important nonlinearity of the EOS), increasing the effect of salinity on the stratification in polar region. We hypothesize that the decreasing of the relative influence of temperature on density is a major component in setting the position of the transition zone. To test this hypothesis, we developed an idealized triple-gyre configuration with the ocean global circulation model NEMO (Nucleus for European Modelling of the Ocean). A range of simplified EOS have been ran to test the effect of the buoyancy forcing on the position of the transition zone and the convective area. Under restoring conditions for the temperature and the salinity, augmenting or reducing the sensitivity of the density to the temperature is used as a way to modify the relative contribution of temperature and salinity to the buoyancy forcing. We show that the position of the convective area corresponds to a surface density maximum and is not directly related to the Ekman pumping zone. Moreover, alpha - beta ocean distinction becomes possible because the EOS is nonlinear. The first order influence of the forcing evolution on setting the localization of the transition zone and the associated deep water formation challenges the classical theories of thermocline ventilation by Ekman pumping.


We consider the problem of a robot manipulator operating in a noisy work space. The robot is assigned the task of moving from P i to P f. Because P i is its initial position, this position can be known fairly accurately. However, because P f is usu ally obtained as a result of a sensing operation, possibly vision sensing, we assume that P f is noisy. We propose a so lution to achieve the motion that involves a new learning automaton, called the Discretized Linear Reward-Penalty (DLRP) automaton. The strategy we propose does not involve the computation of any inverse kinematics. Alternatively, an automaton is positioned at each joint of the robot, and by processing repeated noisy observations of P f the automata operate in parallel to control the motion of the manipulator.


An investigation of property higher education in Australia involves lengthy discussion with the three major stakeholders: students, industry and the universities. This research used a mixed methods methodology, combined with the use of a critical incident


We study, in terms of VoIP user assessment of voice quality, the synchronization of measurement system is important. Commonly the synchronization system uses NTP(Network Time Protocol) or GPS(Global Positioning System), these synchronization method has time error of distance, system overhead of data processing, and system specialized clock error. we propose and implement the synchronization method to correct time error between two measurement system in the internet. So the time synchronization of systems can get time error, then user assessment of voice quality become reliable.


Interesting nonlinear effects in an Er/sup +3/-Yb/sup +3/ co-doped fiber are described. Second harmonic generation (SHG) in such a fiber with extremely low pump power (<4 mW) and the wavelength tuning of a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) made in such a fiber by means of optical pumping with super high nonlinear refractive index coefficient (>10/sup -13/m/sup 2//W) were experimentally observed. To our best knowledge, both of the two phenomena had not been reported before.


Significance Membrane proteins are of great biological and biomedical interest; they constitute 30% of encoded proteins and are the targets of ∼50% of drugs. Measurements of membrane protein energetics by mutating individual amino acids provide information that cannot be obtained from structural studies alone. Traditional thermodynamic assays employ chemical denaturants and nonnative micelles that imperfectly reflect the biologically relevant conditions of the native lipid bilayer. Additionally, chemical denaturation is not thermodynamically reversible for many proteins, limiting its scope. Here, we present a different approach that is based on the mechanical unfolding of individual membrane proteins. Our method yields precise energetic characterization of membrane protein point mutants embedded in their native lipid bilayer without introducing confounding denaturant interactions or requiring global reversibility. Single amino acid mutations provide quantitative insight into the energetics that underlie the dynamics and folding of membrane proteins. Chemical denaturation is the most widely used assay and yields the change in unfolding free energy (ΔΔG). It has been applied to >80 different residues of bacteriorhodopsin (bR), a model membrane protein. However, such experiments have several key limitations: 1) a nonnative lipid environment, 2) a denatured state with significant secondary structure, 3) error introduced by extrapolation to zero denaturant, and 4) the requirement of globally reversible refolding. We overcame these limitations by reversibly unfolding local regions of an individual protein with mechanical force using an atomic-force-microscope assay optimized for 2 μs time resolution and 1 pN force stability. In this assay, bR was unfolded from its native bilayer into a well-defined, stretched state. To measure ΔΔG, we introduced two alanine point mutations into an 8-amino-acid region at the C-terminal end of bR's G helix. For each, we reversibly unfolded and refolded this region hundreds of times while the rest of the protein remained folded. Our single-molecule–derived ΔΔG for mutant L223A (−2.3 ± 0.6 kcal/mol) quantitatively agreed with past chemical denaturation results while our ΔΔG for mutant V217A was 2.2-fold larger (−2.4 ± 0.6 kcal/mol). We attribute the latter result, in part, to contact between Val217 and a natively bound squalene lipid, highlighting the contribution of membrane protein–lipid contacts not present in chemical denaturation assays. More generally, we established a platform for determining ΔΔG for a fully folded membrane protein embedded in its native bilayer.


This paper presents a monolithically integrated ultra wideband direct up conversion transmitter designed in accordance with IEEE 802.15.4a standard. The transmitter operates in the higher UWB band in eight communication channels. It supports the burst position and the binary phase-shift keying modulation schemes and provides a modulated impulse sequence with a pulse repetition frequency up to 499.2 MHz. The transmitter is fabricated in a 0.25 μm BiCMOS technology and occupies a silicon area of 1.75×1.55 mm2.


Recent work has tended to support the view that lateral extrusion of Indochina along the Red River fault zone was a significant factor in accommodating the convergence of India with Asia. To better understand the nature and timing of this feature, 40Ar/39 Ar age spectrum analyses were undertaken on minerals from the Ailao Shan/Red River metamorphic belt in southern Yunnan, China. Interpreted using diffusion domain theory, these results yield thermal histories in the temperature range 550–150°C. Discontinuities in cooling rates observed from these results suggest a transition in deformation style in the shear zone during the early Miocene. At least in the vicinity of our samples, left-lateral, strike-slip ductile deformation appears to have ceased by about 20 Ma. The mylonitic gneisses in the shear zone were subsequently obliquely unroofed, probably due to a component of normal faulting along the eastern edge of the shear zone causing a brief (locally 100°C/m.y.) cooling episode. This transition may have resulted from a component of northeast-southwest extension attributable to greater clockwise rotation of Indochina relative to South China after ∼20 Ma than that consistent with pure strike-slip along the fault. K-Ar ages on clay minerals from gouge within the normal faults bounding the Ailao Shan and Diancang Shan yield a range of ages between 20 and 185 Ma but show a significant clustering at 20–25 Ma. These results suggest that early Miocene movement on a precursor to the Range Front normal fault in the Ailao Shan caused oblique unroofing of the shear zone. This early Miocene event corresponds in time with a transition from low to very high denudation rates throughout the Himalaya and southern Tibet. This coincidence may reflect that once left-lateral strike-slip motion on the Red River fault zone slowed or was terminated, accommodation of much of the continued northward convergence of India occurred on the Main Central Thrust resulting in rapid uplift in the Tethyan Himalaya and Gangdese belt.


Because a high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is beneficial to the subsequent processing procedures, the noise attenuation is important. We propose an adaptive random noise attenuation framework based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs). The framework transforms the target function from effective signal learning to noise learning through residual learning, so as to improve the training efficiency. After sufficient training, the network transfers the learned seismic data features using a large synthetic data set to the testing of complex field data with unknown noise levels and, thus, attenuates the noise in an unsupervised way. Unsupervised noise reduction requires certain representativeness of the training data and a sufficient amount of training data sets. In the network architecture, we introduce residual learning and batch normalization (BN) to reduce the training parameters of the network, thereby shortening the time for feature learning. The activation function with leakage correction function can effectively retain negative information, and its combination with the double convolutional residual block can enhance the generalization ability and feature extraction performance of the network. In the test of synthetic data and complex field data with unknown noise levels, by comparing the noise reduction results of some classic denoising algorithms, the adaptive CNN proposed in this article can more effectively attenuate the noise and reconstruct the seismic waveform.


THE first venture of the federal government into social security legislation-the Sheppard-Towner maternity and infancy protection act of 1921 -has been generally ignored in discussions about the persistence of progressivism in the 1920s.1 The maternity bill was a link in a chain of ideas and actions from Roosevelt to Roosevelt, which began with the White House Conference on Child Welfare Standards in 1909 and ended with the Social Security Act of 1935. In addition, the Sheppard-Towner Act was the first major dividend of the full enfranchisement of women. Women's organizations helped to force the enactment of the bill and later fought to preserve it from repeal. Although passed in the first year of the Harding administration, it was a product of the progressive movement. The United States Children's Bureau developed from the White House Conference in 1909, and the Bureau's first major investigations were into the causes of infant and maternal mortality. The studies revealed that the nation had unusually high rates. For example, in 1918 it ranked seventeenth in maternal and eleventh in infant mortality. The Bureau found a correlation between poverty and the mortality rate. For families earning less than $450 annually, one baby in six died within the first year; for the income range of $650-$850 annually, the rate was one in ten; and for those earning about $1,250 annually, the rate was one in sixteen. Even the latter rate compared unfavorably to the average of a nation like New Zealand,


In a competitive telecommunication market where price differentials have been minimized, quality of service (QoS) has become very important. Speech quality is a major dimension of perceived QoS, and the ability to monitor and design for this quality is a top priority. Traditionally, the perceived quality of speech has been measured by expensive and time-consuming subjective listening tests. Over the last decade, numerous attempts have been made to supplement subjective tests with objective estimators of perceived speech quality. This paper presents issues involved in modern objective speech quality assessment systems, in regard to their practicality, efficiency and accuracy. It also identifies the necessity for a non-intrusive, output-only based technique, and outlines some new ideas that could be utilised to develop an assessment method that uses only the output or the degraded speech signal.


Abstract:Several Flavobacterium species, comprising a heterogeneous group of Gram-negative bacilli, have been reclassified as Myroides species. Myroides odoratum, one of the species, has been reported to cause opportunistic infections. However, its pathogenicity is ill-defined, and data are still em


It is common knowledge that ground waters, like surface waters, are endangered by pollution from a variety of human activities. Commonsense approaches to the problem are overshadowed by a barrage of scare stories that do nothing except add emotion and tension to the public confusion. This overview notes that use of ground water as an alternative to surface water involves simple solutions for developing self-sufficient water supplies with commonsense management techniques. Misconceptions about its occurrence and movement carried over to the belief that its quality was safe from surface activities. This is not true, but neither are the politically-inspired scare stories offered as "news" by self-appointed "environmentalists." Cleanup of existing polluted ground waters must proceed through correction and prevention methodologies.


Two-dimensional diffusion processes are considered between concentric circles and in angular sectors. The aim of the paper is to compute the probability that the process will hit a given part of the boundary of the stopping region first. The appropriate partial differential equations are solved explicitly by using the method of similarity solutions and the method of separation of variables. Some solutions are expressed as generalized Fourier series.


Abstract Devonian rocks in Colombia occur mainly in the Cordillera Oriental and the Sierra de Perija. Thicknesses of complete sections vary from 200 to 800 m; lithologies are typically shale and siltstone with subordinate sandstone. The base of the Devonian section is an angular unconformity above igneous and metamorphic rocks (including Ordovician metasediments). The top of the Devonian appears to be conformable with Carboniferous rocks. Typical sections are sparsely fossiliferous. Bryozoans, brachiopods, corals, trilobites, and gastropods are the most common fossils. These marine faunas occur mainly in the lower part of the Devonian. Brachiopods indicate a late Emsian to Eifelian age for the fossiliferous zones. The upper part of the Devonian section in Colombia may be nonmarine, but diagnostic fossils are rare, and therefore the top of the Devonian is not well dated. Devonian sediments apparently formed in a north-south epicontinental basin. The Emsian and Eifelian strata lie unconformably on a terrain that includes metamorphosed Ordovician rocks with K-Ar dates indicating uplift and cooling in the Silurian. The lack of known Silurian sedimentary rocks (except to the northeast in the Merida Andes of Venezuela), coupled with the radiometric dates, indicates a post-Ordovician and pre-Emsian tectonic and thermal event of unknown origin along the continental margin as far south as Ecuador.


The efficacy of anticoagulation therapy in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) who underwent pulmonary vein isolation were evaluated. Segmental pulmonary vein isolation was performed in 156 consecutive patients (118 men; mean age 54±10 years) with symptomatic PAF. In the first 40 patients (Group 1), transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) or spiral CT cardiac examination was not performed before ablation and anticoagulation using warfarin was not administrated either before or after the procedure. In the remaining 116 patients (Group 2), routine TEE and/or spiral CT examination was performed before ablation and warfarin was given for 1 month in patients with one of the following risk factors:hypertension, diabetes, a history of transient ischemic attack or stroke, and 65 years old. Anticoagulant was also administrated in all the 116 patients after ablation for 1 to 3 months. Results:One patient experienced ischemic stroke and 2 had transient ischemic attack during or after the procedure in Group 1 patients. In contrast, thromboembolic event was not observed in any of the Group 2 patients (3/40 vs 0/116, P =0.016). Conclusions:Thromboembolic event related to the pulmonary vein isolation procedure in patients with PAF could be prevented by routine TEE and/or spiral CT cardiac examination and anticoagulation using warfarin.


This is an empirical study of single-period income smoothing which uses an incentives-based model to explain classificatory choices. An index is constructed to measure the smoothing effect of these choices. Weighted least squares regression results indicate that classificatory choices consistent with smoothing are more likely to be observed in firms with high earnings variability, high dividend payout, substantial managerial holdings of share options and diffuse share ownership. The existence of material scope for smoothing strengthens these findings. The model as a whole is statistically significant and, although the proportion of variability in smoothing explained is modest, it compares very favourably with other accounting choice studies. The relationship between smoothing and alternative earnings management strategies, including big bath accounting, is explored.


Objective To assess the effects of oral contraceptive pill(OCP)pretreatment in ovarian stimulation for in vitro fertilization(IVF)using gonadotropin releasing hormone(GnRH)agonists.Methods Ninety-eight patients were randomized divided into group OCPs,who received OCPs pretreatment before IVF cycle(n=52),and group B,who did not(n=46).A retrospective analysis of the anamnestic data of the patients was carried out for the assessment of the ovulation promoting effect of OCP and their influence on the IVF-ET operation.Results The formation of ovarian cyst was significant decreased in OCPs group(P=0.0016).Compared with the control group,a mean of 1.29 days were increased in OCPs pretreatment group(8.52 versus 9.81 days,P=0.007),and an average of 492IU gonadotropin were more consumed in OCPs group(2502 IU versus 2010 IU,P=0.003).The ratio of ovium were increased in OCPs pretreatment group(93.3% versus 87.2%,P=0.001),but no significant differences were observed regarding the number of cumulus-oocyte complexes(COCs),fertility rates,abortion rates,clinical pregnancy rates and the fertilization ratexs.Conclusion Oral contraceptive pill(OCP)pretreatment could help the doctor to control the time of ovarian stimulation,effectively reduce the work time of medical staff on weekends.It may improve the responsivity of ovary moderately and increase the synchronism of follicular development,though the duration of gonadotropin stimulation and the gonadotropin consumption were significantly increased in OCP pretreatment groups.


Organ transplantation has been the subject of ancient myths dating back to the twelfth century. The modern era of transplantation began in the early 1900s with the development of surgical techniques for constructing vascular anastomoses [ 1 ] leading to successful kidney transplantation in dogs in 1902 [ 2 ]. The fi rst series of human kidney transplants were performed in the Ukraine beginning in 1933, but each of fi ve attempted transplants failed [ 3 , 4 ]. Around the same time, Kuss et al. [ 5 ], Servelle et al. [ 6 ], and Dubost et al. [ 7 ] reported technically successful transplantation of kidney allografts in humans, placing the organs heterotopically in the iliac fossa, similar to the technique used in the modernday operation. However, all of these grafts failed over a short period of time. In 1954, Murray et al. [ 8 , 9 ] performed a kidney transplant between identical twins and achieved longterm function. During the subsequent 10 years, more than 30 kidney transplants between identical twins were performed worldwide. These early transplants between identical twins were successful because the donors and recipients were syngeneic, sharing the same immune system and thus eliminating the possibility of immunologically mediated rejection of the graft. In the 1940s, the seminal experiments of Medawar fi rst delineated the immunologic basis for allograft rejection [ 10 ] and the need for immunosuppressive therapy to achieve successful transplantation using non-syngeneic grafts. By 1963, the fi rst human liver transplantation was performed, using early forms of immunosuppression [ 11 ]. One year later, Barnard [ 12 ] performed the fi rst successful human heart transplant. Shortly thereafter, techniques were developed for clinical heart–lung [ 13 ] and pancreas [ 14 ] transplantation. Since those early days, remarkable strides have been made to increase the success of organ transplantation to prolong the lives of patients with end-stage organ disease. General advances in medical science, including improvements in surgical techniques and the development of effective antimicrobial agents, have undoubtedly played a role in this success story. However, the current success of organ transplantation has been related more directly to an improved understanding of the mechanisms of allograft rejection and the development of immunosuppressive drugs capable of preventing or treating rejection. Although transplantation offers a survival advantage and improved quality of life for most patients with end-stage organ disease, the continued disparity between the supply of allografts from deceased donors and the growing demand for these organs represents the main limiting factor in fi eld of transplantation today. In addition, while the mechanisms and treatments for acute forms of allograft rejection are well understood, our understanding of chronic forms of rejection remains limited, and organs continue to be lost from both immune and nonimmune causes. The remainder of this chapter will review the known mechanisms of allograft rejection, the drugs used to prevent and treat rejection, and current outcomes of organ transplant recipients .


Abstract. Fluidized bed drying of rough rice in the U.S. has not been utilized to its full potential due to the lack of research to address quality reduction and higher energy consumption. Not much research was done to analyze the energy and exergy of the rough rice's fluidized bed drying. Drying air temperature (40°C, 45°C, 50°C), drying bed condition (fluidized and fixed), drying duration (30 min, 45 min, 60 min), and ambient air dehumidification (yes, no) were the factors of this study. Lab-scale dryer units designed by Sadaka et al. (2018) were used. Three replicates were performed to eradicate any bias or human errors. All factors did significantly affect the energy and exergy of the drying except dehumidification and replication. The minimum and maximum EU values were 0.01 kJ/s and 0.55 kJ/s for drying at fixed bed drying at 40°C for 30 min with dehumidification and at 50°C for 60 min under fluidized bed condition without dehumidification, respectively. Minimum and maximum exergy efficiency values were 13.46% and 49.14%, achieved at 45°C air temperature for fixed bed with dehumidification for 45 min duration, and fluidized bed drying using 40°C air temperature for 60 min with dehumidification, respectively. At the drying process's primary stages, fluidized bed drying had higher exergy efficiency, energy utilization, and energy utilization ratio than the fixed bed drying method. 40°C air temperature using fluidized bed drying with or without ambient air dehumidification worked best as per the energy and exergy utilization in the drying system.


Summary Organ weights of control and DOC-treated rats have been determined for animals of different ages and body weights. The relationships between kidney weight and body weight as well as heart weight and body weight are best fitted by hyperbolic functions. Males have larger kidneys than females for comparable body weights, but DOC-induced hypertrophy of the kidney is independent of sex. The extent of hypertrophy after 4 days is as great as after 9 days of DOC treatment. Organ weight to body weight relationships for heart, spleen and liver are independent of sex or DOC treatment. This work was partially supported by grants from the National Science Foundation (GB 35637X) and from the National Institutes of Health (AM 16171). We wish to thank Lucy Moore, April Kopp and Stephan Foster for their expert help in carrying out these studies.


Aim: Mutations in the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein have dramatically changed the transmissibility and pathogenicity of the virus. Therefore, we studied the binding affinity of Omicron spike-receptor binding domain (S-RBD) with human ACE2 receptor. Materials & methods: We used pyDockWEB and HADDOCK 2.4 docking for our study. Results: Computational docking indicated higher binding affinity of Omicron S-RBD as compared with wild-type SARS-CoV-2 and Delta S-RBD with ACE2. Interface analysis suggested four mutated residues of Omicron S-RBD for its enhanced binding. We also showed decreased binding affinity of Omicron and Delta S-RBDs with monoclonal antibodies. Conclusion: Compared with wild-type SARS-CoV-2, Omicron S-RBD exhibit higher binding with ACE2 and lower affinity against monoclonal antibodies.


ABSTRACT A 2D multibeam array antenna without beamforming network is proposed in this paper. The antenna can radiate nine beams pointing to different directions in 2D space. By etching nine U-shaped slots on the ground plane, −10-dB impedance bandwidth is improved and beam inclination angles are enlarged. The measured results show that the antenna has a −10-dB impedance bandwidth of 7.5% (from 8.16 to 8.8 GHz). The inclination angles of the scanning beams are about ±36° (in the planes of φ = 0°, 45°, and −45°) and ±30° (in the plane of φ = 90°).


Radioligand binding assay conditions were established for the selective labeling of sigma‐1 and sigma‐2 sites in membrane homogenates of rat brain. Selective sigma‐1 assays were conducted using 5 nM (+)[3H]SKF‐10,047 in the presence of 300 nM dizocilpine (MK‐801). Selective sigma‐2 assays were conducted using 5 nM [3H]DTG in the presence of 1 μM (+)SKF‐10,047. Distributions of sigma‐1 and sigma‐2 binding among brain regions were found to differ. While the brain stem yields the highest level of sigma‐1 binding, it yields among the lowest levels of sigma‐2 binding. The reverse is true in hippocampal membranes. Different ontogenetic patterns were also observed. Sigma‐2 binding decreases substantially during brain development, whereas sigma‐1 binding does not vary significantly. Patterns of distribution among subcellular fractions of rat brain homogenates were found to be similar. Both sigma‐1 and sigma‐2 sites are most enriched in microsomal fractions, and neither is enriched in synaptosomal or mitochondrial fractions. The present results suggest that sigma‐1 and sigma‐2 sites are distinct entities; they do not appear to be located on a common macromolecule, and they do not represent two different affinity states of a single type of binding site. While the precise subcellular locations (if sigma‐1 and sigma‐2) sites remain to be determined, we conclude that localization of either type of binding site to synaptic regions of plasma membrane or to mitochondria is highly unlikely © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. This article is a US Government work and, as such is in the public domain in the United States of America.


Neural machine translation (NMT) systems have recently achieved results comparable to the state of the art on a few translation tasks, including English→French and English→German. The main purpose of the Montreal Institute for Learning Algorithms (MILA) submission to WMT'15 is to evaluate this new approach on a greater variety of language pairs. Furthermore, the human evaluation campaign may help us and the research community to better understand the behaviour of our systems. We use the RNNsearch architecture, which adds an attention mechanism to the encoderdecoder. We also leverage some of the recent developments in NMT, including the use of large vocabularies, unknown word replacement and, to a limited degree, the inclusion of monolingual language models.


A new real-time omnidirectional vision system is proposed for tracking multiple targets in indoor environments.In this system,an omnidirectional camera is used to obtain the 360° view images of the global scene.First,it builds the background model by observing the scene without people in it.When the detecting process starts,omnidirectional images are changed into the cylindrical panoramic images,and an adaptive background subtraction method is utilized to segment the moving regions and locate the positions of human bodies.Thus,multiple human bodies can be tracked.Experimental results show that the proposed system performs well in indoor,complex environments.


Objective: The aim of our retrospective study was to investigate how wide stents were spontaneously dilated at three months after carotid artery stenting (CAS) without post-CAS balloon dilatation (BT). Methods: We included in our analysis patients 1) who underwent elective CAS without post-CAS BT from January 2012 to March 2014, 2) who underwent follow-up conventional angiography at 3 months after CAS, Patients' baseline characteristics, stent types (open cell: OP or closed cell: CL), stent diameter (SD) at the site with minimum width on the lateral projection immediately and at 3 month after CAS were evaluated. Results: Sixty-two lesions in fifty-nine patients were analyzed. Their average age was 74.9 years old, median SD immediately after CAS was 3.27mm(3.08_3.64:interquartile range), median SD at 3 months was 3.99mm(3.58-4.27), and thus SD was spontaneously dilated (p Conclusion: Stents were spontaneously dilated about 10 to 20% without post-CAS balloon dilatation. SD at 3 months was wider in OP type, whereas dilatation rate at 3 months was bigger in CL type.


OBJECTIVE:T o develop a multiple emulsion of 5-fluorouracil,which had directional and slow-releasing effect.METHODS:Two step method with Polysorbate-80 and Span-80 as the emulsifier to prepare 5-fluorouracil multiple emulsion.Applied quality control on hygienical test,physical shape,content,output rate and drug releasing in vitro,and also the stability of the preparation had been evaluated by centrifuging.RESULTS:The hygienical test was accord with the criterion,in testing of content,the average rate of recovery was 100.4%,RSD=1 27%(n=4),the rate of output was 84 4%.The drug was almost released completely within 1h in vitro,and was stable after centrifuging.CONCLUSIONS:The preparation of the multiple emulsion is easy in technological process,reliable in quality control,stable in property,and also satisfied for clinical demand.


A silicon transient voltage suppresser (TVS) is presented for off-chip EOS/ESD protection of ICs with supply voltages ranging from 3.3 V down to 1.5 V. The np/sup +/p/sup -/n four-layer TVS operates in punchthrough mode instead of the avalanche mode as in conventional TVS diodes. Performance was investigated by device simulator TMA-MEDICI for several device structure options for ultra-low-voltage EOS/ESD protection.


The use and creation of data continues to proliferate, with each year seeing further reliance on information systems to support practitioners and organizations. This surge is expected to continue at an even faster pace with the increased use of inexpensive storage methods of any type of data, plus greater reliance on computerized clinical decision-making tools. Yet data integrity remains essential to every organization and to every healthcare practitioner in order to ensure the correct use of patient information to optimize care. It provides the assurance that the data you see every day is the same as it was the day before. It promises that the drug dosage regimen "QID," whether you define it as four times daily or four times daily with meals and at bedtime, is applied using the same parameters for every patient as you define a patient, across every day or any time period, as you define day in your health care setting. It also means that referential connections between data values must be consistent. When a specific patient takes a specific combination of drug products, referential integrity must be applied to ensure the correct products, drug ingredients and strengths are recognized as being received by that patient. Definitions about data and their referential relationships must be made by the business person the practitioner, rather than by information technology IT. Only by doing this can appropriate business rules by applied by a database, which manages the information used in electronic medical records. Once a decision is made about what a datum represents, and how it relates to other data, whether by an individual or a group, it is imperative that the decision remain consistent over time. Should the definition evolve, it is also imperative that that evolution be tracked. Thus, organizations must establish governance committees to maintain consistency both across an organization and across time. Governance committees must have the highest level of authority to ensure that rules are not overridden on a casual, intermittent basis. Once business rules for data have been established, use of a relational database provides one of the strongest tools for ensuring that data integrity is maintain. This paper explores the concepts serving as the foundation for today's relational database management systems. A top-down approach is described using an Entity-Relationship diagram that can be used to create a relational model for implementation in a relational database management system. A bottom-up approach is described using functional dependencies and normalization. A pharmacist should be able to apply these concepts in corporation with a database architect to ensure the appropriate, consistent use of drug data within an organization. A pharmacist must be able to validate all drug information being used across the organization in order to minimize medication errors and optimize patient care. Only by being the subject matter expert on governance committees and working closely with IT and quality assurance can pharmacy maintain appropriate control over the use of drug information by healthcare technology.


Since the beginnig of their existance, humans need to classify the objects and the assets in order to understand the environment that they are living in. The individual uses the distinctinve differences as a tool in the need of this classifying progress. The works of literature, painting, music, sculptor, theatre, movies and architecture are obtained as a result of individual progress of understanding the environment by classifying the distinctive differences. Among all these branches of arts architecture is painting a more gruelling field in this semantic construction activity. Because, architecture is not only visual, but also can be experienced physically. Above all, the work of architecture is a combine of different knowledge branches and this the makes work of architecture even more contradictory. In this study, there is a debate about how the work of architecture can be explained in the concept of beautiness and ugliness. The topic of this debate, use the frameworks of the questions as, how an architectural work can be accepted as beautiful or ugly, can we use the concept of definitions of the words 'beauty' or 'ugly' to define an architectural work, can 'Basic Design Principles' and 'Gestalt Principles' which are effective in creating an architectural work, be used to define the work as beautiful or ugly, or in another way of asking, can we make a normative comment as beautiful or ugly for an architectural work. In this binding , for the city of Trabzon, with the third grade students of architecture, a pilot study has been made with a subject named as 'ugly constructions' . The study contains the analyses and the results of the concept of theoretical definitions of 'beautiness' and 'ugliness' and the selection of beautiful and ugly buildings in Trabzon city by the group of students.


Empirical likelihood (EL) based inference for parameters defined by general estimating equations of Qin and Lawless [(1994), 'Empirical Likelihood and General Estimating Equations', The Annals of Statistics, 22, 300–325] remains an active research topic. However, the performance of the EL method can be hindered by non-robustness and empty set problems. In this paper, we propose a robust adjusted empirical likelihood (RAEL) to address these two problems simultaneously. The resulting RAEL ratio statistic is shown to have inherited the asymptotic properties of both the robust empirical likelihood and the adjusted empirical likelihood. The finite-sample performance of the proposed method is illustrated by simulation and two real-data examples are also presented.


was histologically examined, points out the importance of monocytosis in''the blood, as a diagnostic sign in sympathetic ophthalmia. Gudarewitch describes a prothese for orbital wounds. Narkelova writes about non-perforating injuries of the eye and in her experience 75 per cent. of such cases were successfully treated by conservative methods, without surgical interference. Goldenberg was very pleased with the local application of sodium albucid (19-20-30 per cent.) in ophthalmia neonatorum if contracted during labour. Th'e effect is not so good if the disease is contra6ted after birth and is still less effective in ihe adult. But he considers albucid as a method of choice in all ulcers of the cornea, even the most advanced. Pokrovsky is very satisfied with a free transplantation of fat tissue when performing plastic operations on the lids and orbit. He advocates early fitting of a prothe3e after an enucleation, even if there is not sufficient conjunctiva bulbi left to close the wound, provided the latter is well covered with cod liver oil. Kaminskaya describes'the clinical treatment of the non-direct injuries of the eye (haemorrhages, oedemas of the retina, papillitis, etc.). One of the causes of many of the complications in her opinion is the*momentary spasm of the bloodvessels of the eye at the moment of injury. She praises, as treatment, intravenous injection of hypertonic solution, particularly calcium chloride; also ionisation with chlorides of calcium, iodine and dionine. But she notices a complete failure of treatment in a hypotonic eye. Katznelson writes about wounds of the -orbit by means of fire-arms and the protean and complicated nature of the passage made by the foreign body. Sometimes only team-work by a roentgenologist, surgeon and rhinologist could produce satisfactory results. He comes to the same conclusions as Lagrange (during the first world-war). Kalfa claims very good results in all forms of keratitis, buit especially in that of herpes zoster, by local application of ether to the affected part of the cornea. Kaminsky discuases-perforation of the macula as a result of contusion of the eye-ball. For treatment in the early stages he recommends intravenous injection of hypertonic glucose, magnesium sulphate and sodium chloride. He claims good results from ionisation with calcium. Beltaynskova had excellent results from roentgenotherapy in cases of tuberculosis of the eye, especially of the anterior part. Paradoscoff found'streptocide peros beneficial in treatment of fresh and even old trachoma.


Abstract Decades of cyclic violence have been met with a near total absence of meaningful redress in Burundi leading to a festering culture of impunity and entrenched divisions. Transitional justice has traditionally been a non-starter. A proposed Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) slated to commence work in 2012 will thus constitute the country's first systematic attempt to deal with its past. Attempting to contextualize this development at the grassroots level, this article seeks to understand whether the objectives and the truth likely to emerge will be meaningful and relevant to ordinary people affected by violence. Using evidence from interviews conducted in Burundi, together with an analysis of the truth commissions in Sierra Leone and South Africa, key themes are introduced to offer a sobering and critical assessment of the likelihood that truth, reconciliation and the restoration of the dignity of victims will be realizable through the TRC. By questioning the truth likely to emerge, the analysis suggests that at present there is an acute risk that the TRC will repeat many shortcomings of the past and become disconnected from the communities it purports to serve.


The Ti-Ni-Cu shape memory alloy by elemental powders was fabricated by using a pulse-current pressure sintering. The influence of Cu content in Ti-Ni-Cu alloys on the microstructures, tensile and thermo-mechanical properties of the sintered compacts was investigated experimentally. The tensile properties of the as-sintered compacts could be fairly improved by performing a solution heat treatment, and the tensile strength and elongation of Ti-40.8at%Ni-9.4at% Cu alloy were approximately 500MPa and 7%, respectively. The deformation resistance of solution heat-treated compact decreased with increasing Cu content, and the yield stress of Ti-36.1at%Ni-14.1at% Cu alloy was 50MPa. The Ti-40.8at%Ni-9.4at%Cu and Ti-36.1at%Ni-14.1at%Cu alloys showed a superelastic-like behavior at a temperature above 333K. The recovery stress of solution heat-treated compact increased with increasing Cu content. The recovery stress of Ti-40.8at%Ni-9.4at%Cu alloy after loading of 2% pre-strain at the temperature change from 293K to 353K was around 350MPa.


b -Ni(OH)2 powder has been synthesized by a wet chemical precipitation method, and the structure and thermal decomposition characteristics of the synthesized material were analyzed by thermogravimetry (TG),differential thermogravimetry (DTG) and infrared spectroscopy (IR).NiO powder was prepared through the thermal decomposition of Ni(OH)2 which was used as a precursor. The porous nickel oxide electrodes have been fabricated with a nickel foam as the electrode substrate and NiO as the active material. Constant current charge/discharge tests and cyclic voltammetry (CV) were used to characterize the electrochemical performance of the nickel oxide electrodes in alkaline media. The experimental results show that the NiO powder exhibits typical faradic pseudocapacitance characteristics and a good reversibility of charge/discharge in KOH electrolyte solution. Thus the NiO powder synthesized by the thermal decomposition method can be used as an electrode material for the alkaline electrochemical capacitors.


Xenopus laevis embryos are a rather simple and at the same time a very interesting animal model, which is widely used for research in developmental biology. Intensive coordinated cell movements take place during the multi-cellular organism development. Little is known of the cellular, molecular and biomechanical mechanisms of these movements. The conceptual framework for analysis of cell interactions


The article is devoted to the study of general and special characteristics of the condition and state regulation  of  agriculture  in  three  East  Asian  countries:  China,  Japan,  and  South  Korea.  It  is determined  that  there  are  several  historical  similarities  associated  with  the  Asian  way  of production,  low  land  use,  high  dependence  on  food  imports,  rapid  urbanization  and  high population density. The topic of food security is relevant for all three countries. The comparative analysis made it possible to identify and specify important differences in the process and results of the modernization of agriculture in the three countries. Especially in terms of the level and speed of technical and technological development, domestic state support for agriculture, foreign trade policy, changes in the trade balance for agricultural goods, the inclusion of countries in the import of GM seeds and the production of organic food, positions in the ratings of the global food security index. The article focuses on the issues of commercialization of biotechnological crops and China's strategy aimed at future global dominance in the field of agricultural science and technology.  Using  the  mechanism  of  international  corporate  mergers  and  acquisitions, the Chinese company with state participation entered the top five world leaders in the production of GM seeds and IT platforms for precision farming.


Based on the meteorological observation data in Wuhan and reanalysis data from NCEP,four snow-ice weather processes at the early stage of 2008 were analyzed.The results show that inverse temperature from 700 hPa to 850 hPa and cold air cushion below 850 hPa both are favorable conditions to snow weather.Wind shear line on 700 hPa locates in the north of that on 850 hPa.Vertical shear of wind indicates that atmosphere is of obvious barocliny.Southwestern air current at higher level transports large amounts of warm and moist air over cold cushion at lower levels.Snowstorm happens from 20:00 on 18th January to 20:00 on 19th January in Wuhan,and it has been found that occurrence of snowstorm requires strong upward motion,large southwestern water vapor transportation and water vapor convergence.The greatest water vapor transportation and water vapor convergence of snowstorm are generally higher than that of rainstorms.Inertial instability at high level and convective instability at middle level both are favorable conditions to the occurrence of snowstorm.


Machine learning is a clear indication that technological progress is accelerating right now. All jobs must be done instantly and quickly in the digital world, making businessmen more competitive. There is also a pressing demand for machine learning in education. As far as future policies go, this is relevant. Included in this issue is the challenge of evaluating the substance of a student's thesis abstract for accuracy, appropriateness, and topicality. One method for addressing these issues is classification. The appropriateness level of abstract writing can be determined by classifying the labeled training data according to the topic. Of course, the training and test data will be cleaned or pre-processed prior to classification. Pre-processing and classification tasks benefit from the python library's speed and accuracy. In 2019, 126 abstract papers with 8 labels were used, and in 2020, 116 abstract documents with 8 labels were used. The student's thesis abstract follows the topic with an accuracy of 93.85 percent, a precision of 97 percent, and a recall of 95 percent, according to the results of the study.


Additonal data of the ebook: Practical guide for biospeckle laser in biosystems - Data set of a maize seed illuminated by a laser


a personal observation of his own in a boy of 12 years. Sir John concludes that paragraph by saying: "I doubt if five examples obtained from boys or girls exist in all the museums of the United Kingdom." His doubt is probably well founded, and this for two reasons. First, this fracture is not common in children, and second, it is not a fatal occurrence. Indeed it is to radiographic collections and not to museums, that one must look for even the existence of this fracture. Nor is it safe to estimate yet the relative frequency, for this fracture was not recognised before the introduction of X-rays. The possibility of fracture of the neck of the femur in children was not overlooked altogether by the older writers, but they were misled by the absence of crepitus, and where injury to the bone was admitted it seems to


The MIT Media Lab's Glass Infrastructure is a place-based, social, interactive information system that encourages face-to-face conversations to enhance visitors' experience and address the information-compartmentalization problem inherent in most complex organizations. This department is part of a special issue on pervasive interaction.


The following formula ## STR1 ## In represented, quinazoline against phosphodiesterase 7 or pyridopyrimidine derivatives inhibitors are useful as therapeutic agents for diseases mediated by T cells.


Integrated circuit comprising a succession of N identical elementary circuits (CE1, CE2, ... CEN), juxtaposed in the order of their row j varying from 1 to N, N being at least equal to 20 and preferably higher 50, all connected to a first conductor (CA) connected at a point (E1a) called entradaaguas above the first conductor, a first reference potential (Vref), and extending from this entradaaguas up along succession of elementary circuits, and all together, moreover, a segundoconductor (CB) connected at a point (E1b) called upstream inlet of the second conductor, even second reference potential (V0), and extends from the upstream inlet along lasucesion of elementary circuits, wherein the upstream inlet of the second conductor estasituada geographically on the side of row 1 of the succession of juxtaposed circuits, and the inlet water ar riba delprimer driver is geographically located on the side of the N row succession of juxtaposed circuits.


Take 120 the Electrical Submersible Pump (ESP)well as the object of study, has constructed based on 6 commonly used target return early warning models, then to dives the Electrical Submersible Pump breakdown well to carry on the forecast analysis.The findings indicated the model has the good forecast effect, forecast the rate of accuracy achieves 92.5%, may carry on the breakdown early warning well for the oil field enterprise interior, and provides the daily management and the policy-making basis for the oil field enterprise system.


As of October 22, 1962, the U.S. government had concentrated in the Caribbean area powerful naval forces (183 vessels), air forces, airborne troops, and marines. The American troops in Western Europe were put in a state of combat readiness. Fifty percent of the total number of strategic bombers were put in the air. (1) Nuclear Polaris-armed submarines took operational positions threatening the socialist countries. (2) The world was at the threshold of thermonuclear war. Robert Kennedy admitted several years later that on October 22 he went to bed filled with anxiety and horror. (3)


ABSTRACT Drawing on data from a five-year longitudinal study of thirteen teacher education graduates, this chapter discusses the importance of abandoning the concept of a renaissance in preservice teacher education alone, and, instead, to creating more inclusive and cross-institutional structures for career-long professional education. It argues that a rebirth or reconfiguring of one element of professional education may be blocked or inhibited by other elements that are not changed and that a systemic view is important to any vision of educational reform.


Three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of images acquired during endoscopy presents an enormous opportunity for computer vision, however reconstructing geometry from such images is challenging due to lack of features. Shape From Shading (SFS) is an approach to obtain the shape of an object from a single image, but most current methods that are applicable to endoscopy are susceptible to errors caused by surfaces with differing reflectance characteristics. Another weakness of SFS is that while it has high frequency detail information, its shape is inaccurate in the low frequency sense, which makes it difficult to compare to ground truth. Multiview reconstruction (MR), on the other hand, yields reliable shape but lacks details. In this paper, we propose a novel method to perform SFS using a color projection that minimizes intensity variance caused by differing surface characteristics. We then combine the resulting reconstruction with a multiview reconstruction obtained from bundle adjustment, and combine the two reconstructions using an approach inspired by Laplacian surface editing to get a reconstruction that is accurate both in details and overall shape. We compare our results to ground truth to show improvement over existing approaches.


I freely admit to being jaundiced about research on higher education. Data are often adduced to support decisions already made on administrative, political, or financial grounds. Still, without the possibility of making improvements, administrators and professors alike are apt to lose their zest for improving the academic climate. Perhaps, an analogy is that of a master chef with a collection of good recipes. Without continual tinkering, the dishes become mundane. True, some new recipes may not be as good as the old ones, but there is always the chance of coming up with blackened redfish. Light and his co-workers are trying to breathe new life into quantitative research and evaluation. They believe that with better designs and a more open attitude toward risk-taking and innovation, real (i.e., measurable) improvements can be made in American higher education. Could it be that we are now in a fifth generation of higher education evaluation, one whose procedures are like the first (&dquo;the technical generation ... well grounded in statistical methods and tests and measurements&dquo; [Lincoln, 1990])?


Recently, a global governance system for food and agriculture has begun to form. Within it, businesses and private foundations tend to centralize to such an extent while they are legitimized by an increasing investment in international aid. This article aims to analyze the movement starting from two new initiatives : the G8's New alliance and Agra.


Introduction Successful adolescence depends on ability to correctly understand emotionally expressive gestures, especially symbolic (same meaning for everyone) and expressive (individual understanding). Presence of an internal mismatch in adolescent's self-esteem between what he shows in society and what he really feels can lead to difficulties in forming an adequate adult self-esteem. Objectives Adolescents with affective disorders (F31) -12, normal adolescents - 32. Ages 12-17. Methods Recognition of emotionally expressive movements: postures&gestures (gestures-test), direct self-esteem by Dembo-Rubinstein test and indirect self-esteem by color attitude test by Etkind. Results The Mann-Whitney test showed significant differences between samples in terms of self-esteem gap - "mind" (U=270,000, p<0.37), "character" (U=279,000, p<0.20), "happiness" (U=288,000, p<0.01 ), gestures-test "symbolic" (U=301,000, p<0.003), "expressive" (U=292,000, p<0.007), "emotions" (U=109,000, p<0.028). Cluster analysis divided each of groups into two distinct clusters. Normal: Cluster1 small self-esteem gap, good gesture recognition, negative pole of emotions prevails. Cluster2 small self-esteem gap, worse gesture recognition, pole of emotions is closer to positive. Affective: Cluster1 large self-esteem gap in "mind", good gesture recognition. Cluster2 large self-esteem gap in "character", good gesture recognition and bright negative pole of emotions. Conclusions Gestures recognition in normal group is significantly higher than in affective disorder group. Normal adolescents clusters are distinguished by change in gaps throughout self-esteem and pole of emotional recognition. Affective disorder clusters differ by significant gap in one of self-esteem parameters, as well as in the degree of emotional recognition. Those with the largest "character" gap are more likely to attribute negative emotions to gestures than those with larger "mind" gap. Disclosure No significant relationships.


This paper considers Canadian representational debates, including a brief
sketch of how electoral districts are defined across geography and population.
Electoral boundary commissions in Canada have long differed in terms of the
relative importance to be placed on population in decisions relating to the
delineation of boundaries of federal electoral districts. As argued in this paper,the traditional understandings and agreements that have shaped decisions relating to electoral districts are increasingly at odds with Canada's emerging demographic realities. In a nation that is highly reliant on immigration in maintaining its population, the current representational order arguably penalizes regions of the country which are growing most rapidly, and in particular, where new immigrants are most likely to locate. The current paper also considers possible reforms in the manner in which electoral districts are drawn, which at a minimum could involve the use of more up to date and accurate demographic data.


The invention discloses an automatic pin machine of a PCB board. The automatic pin machine of the PCB board comprises a frame, a power system, a main shaft transmission system, a wire rod clamping relaxing module, a cutting needle module, a plate putting warehouse, a numerical control division plate system, a numerical control shift plate positioning system and an automatic material returning system. The automatic pin machine of the PCB board possesses a completely automatic production function which comprises that: the automatic division plate, the automatic shift plate, the automatic positioning and automatic plate returning can be achieved; a main shaft transmission mechanism drives the machine to automatically clamp a wire, send the wire and be cut off after automatic insertion. A plurality of pins are simultaneously inserted at once. A speed is fast, an output is high, cost is low and pin efficiency is high. In addition, the pins have a same length during a pin process. Verticality of the pins is good and pin quality is high, which provides a solid foundation for a subsequent automatic production technology. The wire rod used by the pin machine is a whole roll of steel wire which is automatically cut into the pins through the machine so that secondary processing cost of processing the wire rod into the pins can be saved. The raw material cost can be substantially reduced.


We report on the spin properties of individual Mn atoms in II-VI semiconductor strain free quantum dots. Strain free Mn-doped CdTe quantum dots are formed by width fluctuations in thin quantum wells lattice matched on a CdTe substrate. These quantum dots permit to optically probe and address any spin state of a Mn atom in a controlled strain environment. The absence of strain induced magnetic anisotropy prevents an optical pumping of the Mn spin at zero magnetic field. Thus, a large photoluminescence is obtained under resonant optical excitation of the exciton-Mn complex. An efficient optical pumping of the coupled electronic and nuclear spins of the Mn is restored under a weak magnetic field. The observed reduction of the resonant photoluminescence intensity under magnetic field is well described by a model including the hyperfine coupling and a residual crystal field splitting of the Mn atom. Finally, we show that the second order correlation function of the resonant photoluminescence presents a large photon bunching at short delay which is a probe of the dynamics of coupled electronic and nuclear spins of the Mn atom.


In order to find out how gelation of cement paste is formed occasionally when adjusting cement properties with polycarboxylic admixtures,cement sample of aberrant gelation was synthesized by oil-well cement and polycarboxylic water reducer(PCM) or polycarboxylic retarder(DHTR),respectively.The section of gelation and no gelation were studied by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer,X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometer,scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectrometer.Based on the testing data,we judge reaction process and the change in structure or composition.Finally,the result is verified through experiments.The results show that the polycarboxylate molecule reacts with calcium ion,aluminium ion and cross-linking occurs,which cause aberrant gelation of cement paste.Silicon and aluminum content growth in the cement would increase the degree of aberrant gelation.Research results,to prevent cement paste from showing a jelly,pumping was difficult,and then inducing the failure of construction,have real significance.


The potential of simultaneous to etching deposition for surface roughness control is investigated with a stochastic modeling framework for morphology evolution in (2+1) d . It is predicted that ion-driven etching under simultaneous deposition of etch-inhibitors (e.g., impurities coming from the wafer surroundings, the reactor walls, or the plasma bulk) not only induces roughness formation with a linear dependence on time, but can also induce periodic dots on the surface. The surface roughness can be controlled by regulating the amount of etch-inhibitors.


Ahbel-Rappe, Sara. Socrates: A Guide for the Perplexed, Continuum, 2009. 200pp, £12.99. Americks, Karl and Höffe, Otfried (eds.) Kant's Moral and Legal Philosophy, Cambridge University Press, 2009. 324pp, £45. Anderson, Sybol S. C. Hegel's Theory of Recognition: From Oppression to Ethical Liberal Modernity, Continuum, 2009. 224pp, £65. Aristotle. Prior Analytics, Book I, (trans. Gisela Striker), Oxford University Press, 2009. 268pp, £50. Badiou, Alain. Theory of the Subject, (trans. Bruno Bosteels), Continuum, 2009. 367pp, £22.99. Belshaw, Christopher and Gary Kemp (eds.) 12 Modern Philosophers, Wiley-Blackwell, 2009. 254pp, £14.99. Berg, Geoffrey. The Six Ways of Athiesm: New Logical Disproofs of the Existence of God, 2009. 176pp. Boundas, Constantin V. Gilles Deleuze: The Intensive Reduction, Continuum, 2009. 256pp, £65. Boundas, Constantin V. (ed.) Twentieth-Century Philosophies, Columbia University Press, 2009. 740pp, $35. Boyle, Deborah A. Descartes on Innate Ideas, Continuum, 2009. 192pp, £65. Brewer, Talbot. The Retrieval of Ethics, Oxford University Press, 2009. 344pp, £40. Brownlee, Kimberley and Cureton, Adam (eds.) Disability and Disadvantage, Oxford University Press, 2009. 393pp, £40. Burger, Ronna. Aristotle's Dialogue with Socrates: On the Nicomachean Ethics, The University of Chicago Press, 2009. 309pp. Carroll, Noel and Lester H. Hunt (eds.) Philosophy in The Twilight Zone, Wiley-Blackwell, 2009. 194pp, £14.99. Casey, Edward S. Getting Back into Place: Toward a Renewed Understanding of the Place-World, Indiana University Press, 2009. 512pp, $29.95. Cave, Peter. This Sentence is False: An Introduction to Philosophical Paradoxes, Continuum, 2009. 220pp, £10.99. Cohen, Jonathan. The Red and the Real: An Essay on Color Ontology, Oxford University Press, 2009. 260pp, £35. Cornwell, John and McGhee, Michael. Philosophers and God: At the Frontiers of Faith and Reason, Continuum, 2009. 258pp, £14.99. Crubellier, Michel and André Laks (eds.) Aristotle's Metaphysics Beta, Oxford University Press, 2009. 296pp, £40. Dadlez, E. M. Mirrors to One Another: Emotion and Value in Jane Austen and David Hume, Wiley-Blackwell, 2009. 234pp, £45. Davies Stephen, Kathleen Marie Higgins, Robert Hopkins, Robert Stecker and David E. Cooper (eds.) A Companion to Aesthetics (2 Edition), Wiley-Blackwell, 2009. 621pp, £95.


greatest cause of mortality from cardiovascular disease, after myocardial infarction and cerebrovascular stroke. From hospital epidemiological data it has been calculated that the incidence of PE in the USA is 1 per 1,000 annually. The real number is likely to be larger, since the condition goes unrecognised in many patients. Mortality due to PE has been estimated to exceed 15% in the first three months after diagnosis. PE is a dramatic and life-threatening complication of deep venous thrombosis (DVT). For this reason, the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of DVT is of special importance, since symptomatic PE occurs in 30% of those affected. If asymptomatic episodes are also included, it is estimated that 50-60% of DVT patients develop PE. DVT and PE are manifestations of the same entity, namely thromboembolic disease. If we extrapolate the epidemiological data from the USA to Greece, which has a population of about ten million, 20,000 new cases of thromboembolic disease may be expected annually. Of these patients, PE will occur in 10,000, of which 6,000 will have symptoms and 900 will die during the first trimester.