Digital inclusion is conceived as the process that enables the democratization of access to digital technologies, in order to allow the insertion of everyone in the information society. This paper aims to identify the conceptions of public school teachers in a city in the backlands of Pernambuco about digital inclusion. Therefore, we conducted a semi-structured interview with 45 participants and analyzed


Parody is an intentional imitation of a conventional expression for the purpose of conveying meaning other than that of the original one.In order to discover the mental mechanism in the process of understanding and using of parody,with the guide of "mental model based pragmatic inference",this paper studies the understanding and generation of parody in the perspective of cognitive pragmatics by using the theoretical frameworks of explicit-implicit expression and autonomy-dependence.


Recently, not only has the interest on climate change been increasing, but also many adaptations and mitigation efforts have been made by organisations and governments around the world to deal with this issue. The adaption to adverse effects of climate change, as well as the reduction of actions that can contribute to these changes, are vital to reducing uncertainties about the future of the humankind. Adaptation and mitigation actions have been necessary facing of the tourism potentialities to contribute to, and to be affected by, climate change. This research sought to analyse how the accommodation sector on the Águas Paulista Circuit (APC) has adapted to climate change based on the meaning the managers have attributed to specific experiences. In this research, we developed a "substantive theory" of adaptation to climate change. In this unique case study, mainly qualitative, and carried out in the APC region, it is worth noting that the primary driver of tourism in the region has been the quality of water from natural sources. Most of the municipalities belonging to the APC area have faced water rationing, therefore they have experienced economic losses in the tourism sector. In this research, the central category has been constituted of three major properties: the ability to cope with the climate change; the strategic adaptations; and the financial factors. It was noticed that the climate change and extreme weather events could interfere with travel decisions. At the same time, it was reported that news broadcast on the water crisis also negatively affected the tourism sector, causing uncertainty and damaging the image of the tourism destination. It is expected this work can contribute to the understanding of the need to adapt to the climate change and extreme climate events because of the risk of affecting business.


We study the sojourn time in a queueing system with a single exponential server, serving a Poisson stream of customers in order of arrival. Service is provided at a low or high rate, which can be adapted at exponential inspection times. When the number of customers in the system is above a given threshold, the service rate is upgraded to the high rate, otherwise, it is downgraded to the low rate. The state dependent changes in the service rate make the analysis of the sojourn time a challenging problem, since the sojourn time now also depends on future arrivals. We determine the Laplace transform of the stationary sojourn time and describe a procedure to compute all moments as well. First we analyze the special case of continuous inspection, where the service rate immediately changes once the threshold is crossed. Then we extend the analysis to random inspection times. This extension requires the development of a new methodological tool, that is, matrix generating functions. The power of this tool is that...


Life satisfaction is one of the essential goals of individuals in life. Today, the effects of increasingly lonely working and acting behaviors on life satisfaction have not been sufficiently studied. This study investigated the mediating role of positivity in the relationship between university students' life satisfaction and the tendency to act and work alone (i.e., lone wolf personality). The participants of the research are 249 people. The age of the participants is between 18-29 (Mean = 22.28, SD = 4.00). The Life Satisfaction with Life Scale, Lone Wolf Scale, and Positivity Scale were used as data collection tools in the study. The data were analyzed with the structural equation modeling method. According to the results, the lone wolf personality affects life satisfaction. In addition, it has been determined that positivity has a fully mediating role in the relationship between life satisfaction and lone wolf personality. The findings were discussed in the context of the literature.


The inclusion of transition-to-turbulence effects in computational fluid dynamics simulations is essential to accurately predict drag reduction from the use of laminar flow technologies. The parabo...


The present study utilized microarray technology as a tool to elucidate the molecular signatures of soy‐derived phytochemicals in the human androgen‐responsive prostate cancer cell line LNCaP. Global gene expression pattern analysis of LNCaP cells exposed to 0, 1, 5, or 25 µM of the soy‐derived phytochemicals equol and daidzein were conducted and compared. The data were further compared with previously generated data from exposure of LNCaP cells to the same doses of genistein, a soy isoflavone. Multidimensional scaling (MDS) analyses of the expression patterns suggest that these compounds exerted differential effects on gene expression in LNCaP cells. Further examination of specific gene changes revealed that these compounds differentially modulated genes in multiple cellular pathways, including the cell‐cycle pathway genes. However, the three compounds also exerted similar effect on genes belonging to several other important cellular pathways. A universal effect of the three compounds on androgen‐responsive genes, IGF‐1 pathway gene, and MAP kinase‐related pathway gene was observed. These results provide the foundation for establishing molecular signatures for equol, daidzein, and genistein. Moreover, these results also allow for the identification of candidate mechanism(s) by which soy phytochemicals and soy may act in prostate cancer cells. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


In this article, is developed a π representation as an infinite sum, through a definite integral. Firstly, let's consider the function: C (x)=+√(R² −x²) This function has this graphical shape: And, through the integral calculus: ∫ a b f (x)d (x)=lim n →∞ [ ∑ i=1 n f (((i−1)(b −a)) n +a)] (b−a) n Thus, if we integrate the function C(x) on the interval [0,r] we have that: R x y


textabstractScheduling surgical patients is one of the complex organizational tasks hospitals face daily. Master surgical scheduling is one way to optimize utilization of scarce resources and to create a more predictable outflow from the operating room towards subsequent hospital departments.
The paper addresses two aims. First, we investigate the effect of the length of the planning horizon and other planning parameters in a master surgical scheduling approach on patients waiting time, schedule stability and hospital efficiency. Second, the master surgical scheduling approach is compared with a standard operating room planning approach on levelled bed occupancy.
The assignment of patients to a master surgical schedule is carefully described. Using real case data from a regional hospital in the Netherlands a simulation study is performed. The approach is applicable to any other hospital.
Results show that only the planning horizon has substantial influence on outcome parameters waiting time, schedule stability and hospital efficiency. We found that increasing the planning horizon increases patients' waiting time on the one hand, but also increases schedule stability and hospital efficiency on the other hand. Regarding our second aim, we found that using an MSS substantially decreases variability in bed occupancy levels.


For stabilization of heavy metals at contaminated sites, the unavoidable biogeochemistry of soil organic matter and particularly humic substances (HS), not just their static properties, in relation to heavy metal binding is critically important for long-term sustainability. Yet this factor is poorly understood at the molecular level. Soil with 1 3 C-labeled HS was spiked with Cd-accumulated wheat roots-a biogeochemically relevant form of Cd-and amended with five different organic byproducts (cellulose, wheat straw, pine shavings, chitin, and bone meal), then allowed to humify for 299 days in column format. Metal ion mobility was examined periodically by leachate collection and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry analysis of leachates. The labeled molecular substructures in the HS were then examined by multinuclear 2-D nuclear magnetic resonance and pyrolysis-gas chromatography mass spectrometry. The residual isotopic abundances in different substructures of soil HS were used as turnover indicators for the humification process of various organic amendments. In this report, we describe the residual 1 3 C labeling of HS substructures, which revealed that turnover-not the abundance-of polysaccharidic and lignic HS substructures was associated with reduced leaching of Cd, Ni, and Cs.


This essay attempts to apply concepts of hegemony to the case of contemporary North American—Western European—Japanese ('Trilateral') relations and, more specifically, to analyse the role and importance of a unique international organization the Trilateral Commission (TC), within Trilateral relations. The essay comprises: (i) a comparison of the Realist and Gramscian concepts of hegemony and relates them to aspects of the post-war international order; (ii) a more extended discussion of the Gramscian concept of hegemony and related concepts; (iii) an exposition of aspects of the 'Trilateral' approach, a discussion of the TC and an interpretation of the TC using Gramscian analysis; and (iv) a discussion of the long-term structural pressures on the Trilateral relationship in the context of a reconstituted hegemony.


Light plays a prominent role in the painting of Jan Vermeer (1632-1675). In the interiors he paints, light enters discreetly as a gift. Light seems to create what it makes visible. Everyday life, which is the dominant theme in the Delft master's work, is portrayed with a profound religiousness. Vermeer regards the sacred as life itself. It is as if life were taken by surprise, thanks to Vermeer's ability to seize the moment. A theatrical sagacity allows the artist to fix the moment. One might better call it a 'cinematographic' sagacity. This is the main condition for memorability, for Vermeer's paintings are deeply remembered like few others. The artist's work is guided by the credibility of what is depicted. Vermeer thus achieves a double result. On the one hand, he makes concrete moments in the lives of the depicted characters, who are mostly young women. On the other, he effectively documents the flourishing historical and geographical context of 17th century Holland. How does beauty work in all this? It is the humanity of the characters that becomes beauty. Like few other painters Vermeer succeeds in bringing out the inner beauty of the person depicted. His painting Girl with a turban is one of his masterpieces: it is like a flash of lightning that goes through us.


Latest developments in laser physics have made available single-mode fiber lasers of several hundreds of Watts and multi-mode high-power systems up to 17 kW and potentially more at excellent beam qualities for the respective power ranges. Adding to these properties their high energetic efficiency, their considerable estimated lifetime and their compact size, they might well be considered to be a viable alternative to both conventional laser systems for welding in the micro as well as in the macro range. However, due to the novelty of these systems, only few experiences on their usability for materials processing and in special for welding are existing.To help this situation, on the one hand a 200 W single-mode fiber laser has been used for micro-welding experiments at highest beam intensity. For a variety of materials the process boundaries were investigated with respect to penetration, welding speed and gap bridging in overlap position.On the other hand, after preceding work with fiber lasers with 7 kW and 10 kW beam power, respectively, currently a high-power fiber laser of the 17 kW class is used at the BIAS for developing welding applications for a variety of industries such as pipelaying and welding of aluminium extruded profiles for the railway industries.Latest developments in laser physics have made available single-mode fiber lasers of several hundreds of Watts and multi-mode high-power systems up to 17 kW and potentially more at excellent beam qualities for the respective power ranges. Adding to these properties their high energetic efficiency, their considerable estimated lifetime and their compact size, they might well be considered to be a viable alternative to both conventional laser systems for welding in the micro as well as in the macro range. However, due to the novelty of these systems, only few experiences on their usability for materials processing and in special for welding are existing.To help this situation, on the one hand a 200 W single-mode fiber laser has been used for micro-welding experiments at highest beam intensity. For a variety of materials the process boundaries were investigated with respect to penetration, welding speed and gap bridging in overlap position.On the other hand, after preceding work with fiber lasers with 7 kW a...


Background The interest in glutathione-S-transferase (GST) isoenzymes has increased because of their regulatory role in the interaction with critical kinases involved in controlling stress response, apoptosis, and proliferation. GSTP1 is of particular interest with regard to cancer, because many tumors are characterized by high GSTP1 expression. Aim of the work We aimed at evaluating the role of GSTP1 genetic polymorphisms in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients. Patients and methods We genotyped 40 CML patients and 30 healthy individuals of matched age and sex. Results Wild GSTP1 was found in 15/40 CML patients (37.5%) and in 21/30 (70%) controls, whereas mutant allele (homozygous and heterozygous) was present in 25/40 (62.5%) and 9/30 (30%) CML patients and controls, respectively. The odds ratio for GSTP1 was 3.889 (95% confidence interval, 1.417-10.674; P = 0.009FNx01) with four-fold increased risk for CML. No significant difference in genotype frequency was present between wild and mutant genotypes when age of onset, sex, white blood cell count over 100×10 9 /l at presentation, or smoking status were considered. Conclusion These data indicate that GSTP1 mutant allele may contribute significantly to the susceptibility to CML in a sample of the Egyptian patients. These results should be considered preliminary and must be confirmed in studies with larger sample sizes.


Urban open spaces help to improve air and water quality, improve public health, afford recreation and respite, in addition to enhancing cities' economy and vitality. In urban open spaces, planning and designing of physical facilities that include sitting, food, retailing and toilets have a great impact on the workability and appeal of such spaces. Refuge symbols, or more clearly benches and other sitting and resting elements, are the most vital aspects that encourage people to use urban open spaces. The issue of how to design and locate refuge symbols is inherent in focusing on people, understanding their posture and positioning. Therefore, this paper aims at interpreting body posture and positioning in relation to demographic variety; consequently, it suggests quality criteria for sitting elements in order to create lively urban spaces. [Reading Body Posture: The Action Mechanism to Achieve Lively Urban Public Spaces the Lived Experience on Alexandria Corniche] Journal of American Science 2012; 8(2):357-365]. (ISSN: 1545-1003). http://www.americanscience.org.51


false foundations. His impassioned account of the terrain gives way to comic relief in "The Mask of Unity," a mock-epic poem of the march of reaction in America. The Drama or Melodrama of Modern Life is symbolized by John Wayne: "The most important American of our time is John Wayne. Granted that all good things come from California, Richard Nixon and Ronald Reagan are only camp followers of Wayne, supporting players in the biggest Western of them all." The last American election revealed how the cast of supporting players has avalanched. Last of these politico-personal essays, and last written, is "Men's Liberation," which was rejected by half a dozen magazines. It is a plea for Gay Liberation, which, from the vantage-point of San Francisco, shocks me to think that anyone could find it too shocking to print. On the contrary, I find it naive in spots as in the claim that homosexuals may be the bearers of a new radical fraternity. For homosexuals are of course no better or worse than heterosexuals. Mistreated minorities usually react with more passion than compassion, but mistreatment must nevertheless be vigorously opposed. Sexual liberation is so much in the air, however, that I suspect Bentley's article was rejected because of an implicit assumption that he was writing about himself. Even so, Bentley's strength is always his personal involvement in what should concern us all. I have indicated that Theatre of War is an only minimally accurate title, but I won't quibble about titles for a range of essays that surveys contemporary theater and contemporary politics, and that brilliantly elucidates some of the classical play~ of the modem theater. In three decades of publishing Bentley has made an unparallelled contribution to our knowledge of drama and theater, always joined in his view reviews, translations, critiques, productions, integrated books. In some quarters Bentley is dismissed as a has-been, but this book shows he is very much "with it." In some quarters Bentley is dropped as a hothead, but this book shows he is measured and thoughtful. The man who presented playwrights as thinkers is himself a consistent thinker who, hopefully, will provoke more thought than heat.


Anne K. Silverman, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, USA firstname.lastname@example.com Louis Koizia, Department of Medicine, Imperial College Healthcare, London UK email@example.com Peter Reilly, Department of Orthopaedics, Imperial College Healthcare, London UK email@example.com Michael Fertleman, Department of Medicine, Imperial College Healthcare, London UK email@example.com Anthony M.J. Bull, Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, UK email@example.com


This review covers the published papers describing endothelial dysfunction pathogenesis and molecular mechanisms behind the effect of low-level laser therapy on regulation of the said pathogenesis. Herein, we present the current experience of using laser therapy to prevent development of endothelial dysfunction in the context of post-COVID-19 rehabilitation, as well as the accumulated data on the methods of combination of external or intravenous laser blood therapy and influence on the immunocompetent. We provide justification for practicing personalized approach at various stages of post-COVID-19 rehabilitation and treatment. The basis allowing greater efficacy of post-COVID-19 rehabilitation, including protocols making use of laser therapy, is the analysis of single-nucleotide polymorphisms of genes that determine adaptation processes, peculiarities of the immune response to infectious pathogens, predisposition to the development of respiratory distress syndrome, severe pneumonia, sepsis, multiple organ failure, development of endothelial dysfunction, thrombotic complications, the analysis that allows identification of patients running higher risk of critical conditions.


In this work, electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) has been used to characterize the electrical properties of the electrode-electrolyte interface and the electrode-skin interface. The impedance was measured from face to face Ag/AgCl electrode pairs, as well as the impedance of Ag/AgCl electrodes placed on the human body surface, in the frequency band from 0.05Hz to 1MHz. The obtained frequency responses of each interface were analyzed to determine their electrical models, with parameterization of the described impedance models using an optimization program written in Matlab source software. The thermal noises were also calculated for both interfaces.


In the research project on data anonymity, the possibilities and difficulties of restoring the identity of respondents, whose data have been anonymized, were tested in realistic simulations. In this paper the results of an application of a) a matching procedure and of b) a method based on discriminate analysis are reported. In the experiments carried out, empirical data of a handbook about German scientists and scholars and the German microcensus were used. A check of the results by an independent data-trustee demonstrated that a real intruder has more difficulties achieving an identification than is frequently assumed.


This paper analyses the wavelength assignment problem in optical WDM networks. First, the random wavelength assignment algorithm is compared with the first-fit wavelength assignment algorithm, later, the sparse wavelength conversion case is compared with no wavelength conversion and full wavelength conversion cases. These comparisons are done on the basis of blocking probability and number of links; numbers of channels are kept constant whereas the response is calculated by varying the load per link (in Erlangs). The blocking probability in case of random algorithm is always greater than first-fit wavelength assignment algorithm. The blocking probability is minimum in case of wavelength conversion, whereas in case of no conversion, the first-fit algorithm has better results as compared to that of random wavelength assignment algorithm.


This article examines the development and status of state-managed publishing in China by introducing and analyzing the history and development of the three most important national level directorates, i.e., the National Leading Group for the Planning of Collating and Publishing of Ancient Texts, the National Leading Group for Compiling Qing History, and the National Leading Group for Local Gazetteers. The article explores the history, publishing policies and operations of the three directorates, and the reasons why the state commits significant political, human and financial resources to publishing. It is argued that collaboration and unity between scholars and state, instead of independent scholarship and constructive dialogue, are ultimately pursued in the unprecedented large-scale publishing projects.


Final adjustment of EUV1 projection optics was completed and its performance was evaluated. Wavefront error of 0.6nmRMS in average through the exposure field was achieved. The maximum and minimum wavefront errors in the whole field were 0.8nmRMS and 0.3nmRMS, respectively. Flare of the projection optics was estimated from the measured power spectrum density (PSD) of each aspheric mirror of the projection optics. The flare value for Kirk pattern with the radius of 1μm was estimated to be about 10%. Completed projection optics was installed into the main body of EUV1. Optimization of polishing process was further pursued. Consequently, LSFR of 38pmRMS, MSFR of 80pmRMS and HSFR of 68pmRMS were achieved. Assemble of the illumination-optics unit for EUV1 was completed and its performance was evaluated using an illumination-optics test stand. Irradiation uniformity on the mask plane, pupil fill and so on were measured with the test stand using a visible light and EUV radiation. Completed illumination-optics unit was installed into the main body of EUV1. Reflection-type spectral purity filter (SPF) and high-NA projection-optics design were investigated as new R&D items for the future optics of EUV exposure tools.


Technique: This chest tube anchoring technique differs from other techniques by introducing 2 layered
closure to avoid wound healing complications such as hypertrophic or keloid scar and to achieve airtight
closure. The first suture to be used is a monofilament synthetic absorbable 4/0 suture – Monocryl (Johnson
& Johnson, New Jersey, USA) that is passed as a buried stitch in the dermal layer. The second suture to be
used is a monofilament non-absorbable 3/0 suture – Prolene (Johnson & Johnson, New Jersey, USA) that is
passed around the chest tube incision in a horizontal mattress manner taking the muscle/fascia and skin
layers. The chest tube is then anchored with a 2/0 silk suture with a mesentery. The three suture ends are
secured and wrapped around the chest tube with Steri-Strips™ (3M™, Minnesota, USA). Two long
dressings are sandwiched together, partially on skin and partially on the tube as dressing anchors.
Results: This technique has shown good results with no complications. Routine chest radiograph and
physical examination showed no signs of pneumothorax or discharge from the wound nor any wound
healing complications.
Conclusion: This chest tube anchoring and closure technique is secure and produces an aesthetic pleasing
scar that does not require any expensive sutures or special skills.


Pteridines are a group of compounds synthesised by many living organisms that are involved in the metabolism of many cofactors and vitamins. Their concentration in biological fluids may be altered by various pathologies such as cancer or inflammatory bowel disease, urine being the main route of excretion. In this study, three lumazines and ten pterins were analysed in their native oxidation state using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Their high concentration in urine samples and their good ionisation behaviour allow the use of the dilute-and-shoot method by simple filtration of the urine prior to chromatographic analysis. The final method offers excellent linearity, sensitivity and precision parameters, and a total of 135 urine samples were analysed from patients with some relevant information such as faecal calprotectin (FCP) levels, common diseases such as diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidaemia and immunological diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The pteridine profile was related to FCP levels without showing any correlation. In addition, pteridine levels were compared between healthy subjects and IBD, diabetic, hypertensive and dyslipidaemic patients, and significant differences were found between the two groups for some of the pteridines.


The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of "stand with anterior inclination" posture of the Postural Global Reeducation (PGR) method on the basketball players flexibility using photometry and the reaching test evaluation in stand position. Fourteen basketball players were randomly assigned into two groups: 7 in the control group (CG) and 7 in the experimental group (EG). The players in EG were submitted to "stand with anterior inclination" posture of the PGR method. The CG were not submitted to the posture, keeping the training routine, such as the EG. The hip's joint angles were analyzed using the photometry in the CorelDraw® software. The flexibility was evaluated using the reaching test in stand position. For statistic analysis, it was used the t test student and the signed rank test only in the flexibility. Then, the Pearson's correlation was used between the flexibility and the hip's joint angle. In the EG, the mean of the flexibility modified to 3,71 ± 14,00cm to 8,71 ± 11,87cm (p=0,007) and the hip's joint angle modified to 72,14 ± 16,09° to 66,62 ± 12,71° (p=0,02). The correlation between the flexibility and the hip's joint angle in CG was 0,82 before intervention and after intervention was 0,78; in EG was 0,99 before and after intervention. The results demonstrate that the applied posture can be a complementary resource for the preparation of basketball player, because promotes the stretching of the posterior chain and flexibility increase, which could favor the performance and injuries prevention in this sport.


Social determinants of health (SDH) are understudied in oncology yet significantly impact the quality of life of lung cancer patients and family caregivers (FCGs). Preoperative psychological distress is common for lung cancer patients and their FCGs. The purpose of this study was to determine how SDH factors influence prolonged social and environmental stressors for lung cancer surgery patients and their FCGs. Methods: This cross-sectional study evaluated the impact of SDH on psychological distress of lung cancer surgery patients and their FCGs at a comprehensive cancer center in Southern California. The 21-item Protocol for Responding to and Assessing Patients' Assets, Risks, and Experiences (PRAPARE) survey was used to measure SDH factors related to social and community context, education access and quality, healthcare access and quality, economic stability, and neighborhood and built environment. The Distress Thermometer was used to evaluate the psychological distress of participants prior to surgery (0, no distress to 10, extremely distressed). The established cut-off of 3/10 indicated a need for intervention. A two-sided Fisher's exact test, Wilcoxon rank sum test or Pearson's Chi-squared test was used based on SDH questions and p-value < 0.05 was defined as statistically significant. Results: Overall, 57% of participants (N = 152) reported psychological distress, including 55% of patients (n = 76) and 59% of caregivers (n = 76). Eighty-eight percent of participants were comfortable speaking English, 30% were from racially minoritized groups, 49% reported an annual family income between $50-$124K, and 44% interacted with their social network 5 or more times a week. Overall, 47% of participants reported experiencing some stress prior to surgery, 38% of patients and 55% of FCGs. Participants who were more likely to experience significant psychological distress prior to surgery included individuals who were more stressed (p=0.012), did not speak English (p=0.05), had a lower annual family income (p=0.032), and less interactions with their social network (p=0.028). For patients, the stress of surgery (p=0.033) and decreased communication with their social network (p=0.016) was associated with psychological distress. FCGs who spoke other languages (p=0.022), including Chinese were more likely to experience psychological distress compared to English speakers. Discussion: Lung cancer surgery patients and their FCGs experienced significant psychological distress prior to surgery due to unmet social needs. SDH may impact psychological distress differently for patients and FCGs as the impact of SDH related to social and community context (stress and social network), education access and quality (preferred language) and economic stability (annual family income) differed by group. Preoperative assessment of SDH and psychological distress should be conducted to identify dyads with unmet social needs and inform the provision of personalized interventions to improve dyadic outcomes.
 Citation Format: Dede K. Teteh, Xiaoke Zou, Betty Ferrell, Loretta Erhunmwunsee, Dan Raz, Rick Kittles, Susanne Montgomery, Jae Kim, Virginia Sun. Social determinants of health factors impact the psychological distress of lung cancer surgery patients and their family caregivers [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 15th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2022 Sep 16-19; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr B108.


In order to solve the problems in the design of transfer function for active analog filter,such as long time and tedious manual calculation and low precision table look-up,a kind of rapid collaborative design method for active analog filter is proposed.First,transfer function design based on frequency transform is programmed in MATLAB,then coefficients of transfer function or second order cascade transfer function are given rapidly according to the voltage attenuation index and edge frequency based on MATLAB program.With the above results,it can greatly shorten the time of circuit synthesis.Finally,the filter circuit performance simulation is presented through EDA/Pspice,which furtherly verifies and improves the design.All of these provide a reliable guarantee to the feasibility of circuit realization.The simulation results show that the collaborative design method is fast,intuitionistic and accurate,it also enhances the design efficiency greatly.This method plays a practical introductive significance on active analog filter's design especially for high order filter design.


Technical, nonengineering required courses taken at the onset of an engineering degree provide students a foundation for engineering coursework. Students who perform poorly in these foundational courses, even in those tailored to engineering, typically have limited success in engineering. A profile approach may explain why these courses are obstacles for engineering students. This approach examines the interaction among motivation and self‐regulation constructs.


INTRODUCTION
Sixty-three patients with gastric phytobezoars were reviewed.

METHODS
forty-eight (76.2%) patients received endoscopic combined with chemical therapies and 15 (23.8%) received only chemical therapy initially. Fifty-one (81.0%) patients achieved complete removal (only chemical therapy 14/15), while 12 (19.0%) received further endoscopic therapies.

RESULTS
finally, 62 (98.4%) patients achieved a complete removal. Considering only patients with combined treatment as a first approach, treatment success was associated with a softer phytobezoar consistency (p = 0.023).

CONCLUSION
in conclusion, most patients achieve a favorable outcome. Chemical therapy is useful in selected cases. Repeated endoscopic therapies may be needed in order to completely remove phytobezoars with a hard consistency.


Magnetic pressure seam welding is a collision welding process, similar to explosive welding, utilizing electromagnetic force as the acceleration mechanism. True metallic bonding is achieved at the mating interface if contact takes place above an appropriate collision point velocity and collision angle. This paper deals with dynamic deformation process on magnetic pressure seam welding of aluminum sheets. Numerical analysis of the dynamic deformation process of the metal sheets is made by a finite element method. In this analysis, the metal sheets (100 mm width, 1 mm thickness) are assumed to be composed of plane-strain quadrilateral elements. The result shows that when the gap length becomes narrow, collision point velocity was decreased early. When the gap length becomes narrow, collision angle was increased slowly.


Sharing of the information in connection with scientific advancements, and necessity of international organizations due to economic developments and socio-cultural relations have accelerated the growth of congress tourism. Its peculiarities such as high economic income, creation of new jobs, multiple effects on other sectors, causing the full tourism season, positive contributions to urbanization process, contribution to image of country and city are the facts that have already been referred to in the previous tourism studies.The demand for the congress tourism, which in fact, is improving with a larger pace than its international counterpart, creates alternative opportunities to varied tourism potential. Congress provide an advertising and development for the tourist congress places and are prestigious, while also are indicators for the success of the country in public management. Congress represent a special kind of tourism. Large cities have many advantages for conferences including accessibility, accommodation, urban amenities and increasingly, as tourism districts are developed attractive physical environments. It is being observed that major cities in Turkey are in an attempt to organize congress, also an infrastructure for accommodation, meeting halls organization experience and marketing is being established. In this study, the place of Istanbul in the world congress market will be evaluated along with its potentials, peculiarities which are necessary for congress tourism in the cities, advantages and disadvantages, conditions of competition in the world congress tourism market compare with other cities which have great share in the congress tourism in the world. Conference and exhibition facilities of Istanbul in each of its districts, changes in the number of visitors, shares and revenues of the congress will be explained and corporate structures and strategies be investigated. This study is a comparative study that compare the Istanbul's potential with respect to too many factors, with other world cities as Barcelona, Stockholm, Brussels, Copenhagen, Helsinki, London, Berlin, Budapest, Madrid, Paris, Lisbon, Prague, Vienna. At the end, strategies and suggestions will be made for development of congress tourism in Istanbul.


As the carrier of national economic development,land resources security is related to food security,social security and eco-security.Evaluation on regional resources security is not only beneficial to the implementation of national land conservation policies,but also to provide reference for regional eco-friendly land use patterns.In recent years,research for land resources security theories,cultivated land and food security,land resources security based on carrying capacity,evaluation on land eco-security,etc.,has made a remarkable progress.This paper focuses on new research progress of land resources security,analyzes the latest research results in the field of land resources security and its application,achievements and prospects in the national economic and social development.In the end,this paper focuses on the development trends of land resources security and proposes,the main directions and important areas of land resources security research.


Abstract In this paper, we propose some dual formulations of generalized vector equilibrium problems. By using such dual formulations, we prove the existence of a solution to the generalized vector equilibrium problem under generalized pseudomonotonicity conditions. The results of this paper extend and generalize the results of I.V. Konnov and S. Schaible (2000, J. Optim. Theory Appl. , 104, 395–408).


Efforts continue to determine how many differing forms of time connote reality. These numbers range from the many to the few. The most common integer is two. Here, one represents a property of externality and the other a property of internality, or more colloquially a characteristic of mind. Attempts to weld this dyad into a "grand unified theory of time" are legion. However, since the essentially unquestioned foundational premise, viz the reality of time, is false, all subsequent theorizing, however well-meaning, proves vacuous. The unacceptable alternative is to embrace the delusion of time. However, this assertion of zero-time theory is so repugnant to the deeply entrenched belief in time by living systems that this answer proves unpalatable at best and rejected forthwith in virtually all instances. Explanations of time predicated upon the premises of duality and reality prove intriguing but eventually fruitless paths to pursue.


This paper extends the standard consumption-based asset pricing model to a heterogeneous-agents framework. The key assumption is that agents are subject to both aggregate and uninsurable idiosyncratic risks. This leads to a pricing kernel that depends not only on aggregate per capita consumption growth and in‡ation, as in a conventional representative agent model, but also on the cross-sectional variance of individual consumption growth. The dynamics of the pricing kernel is modeled in a state-space representation that allows for maximal correlations among pricing factors. Under linearity and normality, the model falls within the broad class of essentially a¢ ne term structure models with a closed form solution of the yield curve. The maximum-likelihood estimation of the model using quarterly data on aggregate consumption growth, in‡ation and two nominal yields shows that the model can account for many salient features of the yield curve in the U.S. Keywords: Yield Curve, Idiosyncratic Risk, A¢ ne Term Structure Models JEL Classi…cation: E43, E44, G12 I am grateful to Tim Cogley for his guidance, suggestions and constant encouragement. I also thank Oscar Jorda, Martine Quinzii and Kevin Salyer for their valuable comments and discussions. All remaining errors are my own. yUniversity of California, Davis. Email: firstname.lastname@example.com


Abstract Sexual Pleasure, Procreation and Natural Selection WITH PLEASURE: THOUGHTS ON THE NATURE OF HUMAN SEXUALITY. Paul Abramson and Steven Pinkerton. New York: Oxford University Press, 2002. Reviewed by David F. Greenberg. EVOLUTION's RAINBOW: DIVERSITY, GENDER, AND SEXUALITY IN NATURE AND PEOPLE. JoanRoughgarden. University of California Press: Berkeley, Los Angeles, London, 2004. Reviewed by Michael Ferguson.


With the development of MEMS, the realization of micromation and intelligentization of scout system makes micro robot be an important research aspect in military affairs. Intelligent robot based MEMS is studied according to the present research results of domestic and abroad research item. The key technology of robot is also discussed and a intelligent robot is designed with DSP technology based on infrared ray sensors to recognize object and judge situation.


Background: Metoprolol (MET) is a selective Beta-1 blocker. It is metabolized in the liver. Unlike most Betablockers, Metoprolol is unique in causing liver toxicity, which is infrequent, ranging from raised liver enzymes to severe liver damage. Aim: hepatotoxicity was induced in rabbits, and protective effects of Nigella sativa (NS), Vitamin E (Vit E), and a combination of Nigella sativa + Vitamin E were investigated on Metoprolol-induced hepatotoxicity. Methods: 36 male rabbits were divided into six groups and treated as follow: Metoprolol (20mg/kg), Nigella sativa (2ml/kg), control group, Metoprolol + Nigella sativa, Metoprolol + Vitamin E ( 175mg/ kg/day), Metoprolol + Nigella sativa + Vitamin E. Treatments were given orally for two weeks. Liver enzymes, malondialdehyde, glutathione, and interleukins (IL-6, IL-10) were measured in serum and liver homogenates. Histopathological examinations were done for two animals in each group. Results: Elevated liver enzymes and histopathological changes were seen in all Metoprolol-treated animals. Nigella sativa, Vitamin E, and Nigella sativa + Vitamin E reduced Metoprolol-induced rise in liver enzymes. Metoprolol increased malondialdehyde concentration in serum and liver homogenate. Treatment with Nigella sativa, Nigella sativa + Vitamin E insignificantly decreased these levels. Neither Metoprolol nor Metoprolol and Nigella sativa, Vitamin E, and their combination changed the levels of IL-6 or IL-10. Conclusion: Metoprolol increased liver enzymes, and treatment with Nigella sativa, Vitamin E, and Nigella sativa + Vitamin E significantly modified rise in liver enzymes. Metoprolol and other treatments had little effect on IL-6 or IL-10.


The previous complex estimation of the indicators characterising a microstructure of mucous colon, local nonspecific secretory class A immunoglobulin level in koprofiltrate, and functional activity of polymorphonuclear leucocytes taken into account, a nonspecific resistance condition of mucous colon in the development of protracted infectious course and dramatically restructurea forms of intestinal dysbacteriosis have been estimated in children with acute enteric infections.


In order to apply the polarization and depolarization charge difference method to analyses of transient moisture diffusion in oil-paper insulation, we put forward a time-domain polarization and depolarization charge difference model. We used the method to analysis the polarization and depolarization characteristics of oil-paper insulation with different thickness and moisture content, and then used the model to analysis the charge difference of oil-paper insulation in the process of transient moisture diffusion. It is obtained that the charge difference method reflects moisture content in oil-paper insulation effectively while the proposed model reflects the process of transient moisture diffusion effectively. As the thickness decreases, its influence on the curves of polarization and depolarization current of oil-paper also decreases. As moisture content in oil-paper insulation increases, the linear relationship between charge difference and measurement time gets more significant with an increasing slope. As diffusion time increases, polarization and depolarization charge difference gradually becomes equally distributed along the oil-paper thickness direction at the same moment. The linear relationship between charge difference and measurement time is more significant with an increasing slope.


High-accessibility catalysts allow more difficult feedstocks to be processed through the FCC. These new formulations can add considerable value to refiners running more conventional feeds, but who may have hardware or operating constraints limiting unit performance


Objective. To determine, among patients at risk for intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), the peripartum outcomes and predictive accuracy for those with normal abdominal circumference (AC) and estimated fetal weight (EFW) for gestational age (GA; group 1) versus those with AC ≤ 10% for GA but EFW>10% (group 2) versus those with AC and EFW ≤ 10% for GA (group 3). Study design. We identified, retrospectively, non-anomalous singleton pregnancies with reliable GA, and delivery within 21 days of the examination who were referred for possible IUGR. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated, as were likelihood ratios (LR) for detection of small for gestational age (SGA) (birth weight ≤ 10% for GA; SGA). Results. Among the 169 consecutive patients who met the inclusion criteria, the prevalence of SGA was significantly higher for group 3 (80%) than group 1 (42%; OR 4.26, 95% CI 1.94–9.16) or group 2 (49%; OR 5.49, 95% CI 2.13–13.85). The rate of admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (67%, 34%, and 36% for groups 3, 2, and 1, respectively) and the combined perinatal morbidity (35%, 23%, and 15%) were different for the three groups. The LR for detection of SGA was 1.2 (95% CI 1.0–1.4) for group 2 and 2.8 (95% CI 1.6–4.9) for group 3. Conclusions. Among patients suspected for IUGR, the peripartum outcome is poorest for those with AC and EFW ≤ 10% for GA, than for those with AC ≤ 10% but EFW>10%. The detection of SGA is poor regardless of whether just AC or AC plus EFW are ≤ 10%.


Fish transport rates through Blue Mesa Powerplant were measured using a large sieve net during the spring and summer of 1994, 1995, and 1996. Samples indicated the majority of fish were small KOKANEE salmon and which were being lost at a rate of .0001 to .1400 fish/acre-foot. Estimated total fish passage during June, July, and August of each year was calculated at 770 for 1994, 60,837 for 1995, and 11,007 for 1996. This represents .05 to 4 percent of the total numbers of KOKANEE stocked during this period.


Seasonal peaks in infectious disease incidence put pressures on health services. Therefore, early warning of the timing and magnitude of peak activity during seasonal epidemics can provide information for public health practitioners to take appropriate action. Whilst many infectious diseases have predictable seasonality, newly emerging diseases and the impact of public health interventions can result in unprecedented seasonal activity. We propose a machine learning process for generating short-term forecasts, where models are selected based on their ability to correctly forecast peaks in activity and can be useful during the aforementioned atypical seasonal activity, in contrast to traditional modelling. We have validated our forecasts using typical and atypical seasonal activity, using respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) activity during 2019-2021 as an example. During the winter of 2020/21 the usual winter peak in RSV activity in England did not occur but was deferred until the Spring of 2021. We compare a range of machine learning regression models, with alternate models including different independent variables, e.g. with or without seasonality or trend variables. We show that the best-fitting model which minimises daily forecast errors is not the best model for forecasting peaks when the selection criterion is based on peak timing and magnitude. Furthermore, we show that best-fitting models for typical seasons contain different variables to those for atypical black swan seasons. Specifically, including seasonality in models improves performance during typical seasons but worsens it for the atypical seasons. In conclusion, we have found that including seasonality in forecast models can result in overfitting, where the models are required to be used out-of-season or during atypical seasons.


Objective To research the formation and growth characteristics of the biofilm in Dongjiang River in Dongguan.Methods A simple biofilm collection device was used to culture and collect the biofilm at 30 cm and 100 cm water depth in the shallow domain with eutrophication in Dongjiang River from April to September in 2012.Results The development of the biofilm displayed four phases: stagnation,growth,detachment and recovery.The extraeclluar polysaccharides,chemical oxygen demand(COD) and dehydrogenase of the biofilm were steadily increased.The change patterns of the three indices showed obvious consistency,and were all positively correlated with the biofilm biomass.The growth speed of the surface biofilm was faster than that of the bottom biofilm,and the surface biofilm had larger biomass and more organic.Conclusions The growth of the biofilm in Dongjiang River is influenced by culture time and nutritional factors in the water.The biofilm in different development stages shows different activity characteristics.


T h e fol lowing case is unusua l in t h a t a m a l i g n a n t und i f f e ren t i a t ed round-ce l l t u m o r of the cerebe l lum in a m a n aged 33 yea r s p r o d u c e d a t yp i c a l angle t u m o r synd rome wi th un i l a t e ra l 5th, 7th, and 8 th crania l nerve i nvo lvemen t and a t ax i a on the same side. I t was t h o u g h t p r e -ope ra t i ve ly t h a t he p r o b a b l y h a d an acous t ic ncur inoma, p a r t i c u l a r l y as roen tgenograms (Towne posi t ion) of t he skull showed erosion of the pe t rous r idge on the side of the c ran ia l nerve invo lvement . H o w ever, a t opera t ion , he p r o v e d to h a v e a m e d u l l o b l a s t o m a or o the r m a l i g n a n t und i f fe ren t ia ted round-ce l l t u m o r of t he cerebe l lum or ig ina t ing on the side of t h e crania l nerves affected. T h e t u m o r h a d scarcely, if a t all , i nva de d the angle and its nerves grossly, b u t seemed to cause the s y m p t o m s t h a t i t d id b y intrinsic cerebel lar and b ra in s t em invo lvement , more t h a n b y di rec t extens ion in to the l a te ra l angle.


The invention in each of the basement, while proceeds as a method for the construction parts of the core that is formed by dividing the center portion of construction to be used for the purpose of the staircase, baths, such as the elevator room in the basement of the building, an teopa of the ground for the basement sequentially formed mold support structure for the parts of the core is formed, in particular concrete wall construction in, by building parts of the core in the construction split the concrete wall in the direction toward the top from the bottom, the core portion as forming a core by building a concrete wall in a layer of basement to reduce the size and number of buildings that can increase the speed of construction of the basement is the core part backhand on the construction method. A core construction method in a basement of the present invention the building, in the while performing an teopa for basement construction of a building in order to match the progression respective layers constructing a basement, respectively, in the basement, using a vertical one steel column for the core the core portion construction the lower support wall form a part of the concrete wall corresponding to and; The upper core unit construction method characterized in that the construction to be incorporated in the basement of the core portion constituting a concrete wall the upper core wall for the remainder of the lower support wall are provided.


Objective:  Variation in the serotonin transporter gene (SLC6A4) promoter region has been shown to influence depression in persons who have been exposed to a number of stressful life events.


We propose an extension of a special form of gradient descent --- in the literature known as linearised Bregman iteration --- to a larger class of non-convex functionals. We replace the classical (squared) two norm metric in the gradient descent setting with a generalised Bregman distance, based on a proper, convex and lower semi-continuous functional. The proposed algorithm is a generalisation of numerous well-known optimisation methods. Its global convergence is proven for functions that satisfy the Kurdyka-\L ojasiewicz property. Examples illustrate that for suitable choices of Bregman distances this method --- in contrast to traditional gradient descent --- allows iterating along regular solution-paths. The effectiveness of the linearised Bregman iteration in combination with early stopping is illustrated for the applications of parallel magnetic resonance imaging, blind deconvolution as well as image classification.


The improving measures were stated based on an analysis of reasons for large consumption and poor quality of medium density fiberboard (MDF) sander Results showed that MDF sander could run normally by putting these measures into practice, and sanding output and quality were improved, consumption and cost as well as environmental pollution were reduced


In three study regions (in the cities of Tiburg, Dordrecht and The Hague) the performance of the opening transport network are compared with two alternatives, a quicker opening network and a connecting plus opening network. Firstly, different network designs for the study regions are made. This shows the practical advantages and disadvantages of the network principles. Thereafter, the designs are compared for the effects in exploitation and use. The quicker opening network seems to have better chances in middle-great cities for a combined increase of quality and cost effectiveness. For the covering abstract of the conference see IRRD 884093.


Objective:Type 2 diabetes is becoming a pandemic disorder and its alarming increase in prevalence of either microvascular or macrovascular disease raises significant concerns. As the same in Taiwan, type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most prevalent and fastest growing diseases. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) as a unique traditional therapy for various ailments has been used in Taiwan for over hundreds of years. The consumption of Chinese herbal products (CHPs) is increasing exponentially in Taiwan. However, the scientific evidence is lacking and there is an urgent requirement for detailed pharmacoepidemiological information on CHP usage. The aim of the study is to explore the demographics and utilization patterns between Chinese herbal products (CHPs) users and non-users among people with diabetes and to determine how frequent the concurrent use of hypoglycemic drugs with CHPs on a nationwide level in real practice. We believe that this study provides evidence-based information for formulating appropriate management strategies of drug safety and integrative medicine. Methods:The usage, frequency of services, and CHP prescribed among diabetic patients using hypoglycemic drugs were evaluated, recruited from a randomly sampled cohort of 1,000,000 beneficiaries from the National Health Insurance Research Database. The logistic regression method was employed to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) for the co-prescription of a CHP and hypoglycemic drugs. In addition, to investigate the incidence rate of consuming traditional Chinese medicine among diabetic patients with newly diagnosed end-stage renal disease (ESRD) from 1998 to 2008 in Taiwan. Result: 77.9 percent (n = 31,289) of diabetic patients utilized traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) during the 11-year study period. Most type 2 diabetic patients also received western medicine (WM) treatment, and only 8.4 percent (n = 3,370 ) never used WM. Females, regular salary earners, and living in Central and Kaohsiung city were more likely to consume CHPs and hypoglycemic drugs concurrently. Among concurrent users, "symptoms, signs, and ill-defined conditions" (612,380 visits) was the most frequent major disease category for concurrent use hypoglycemic drugs and CHPs. Most type 2 diabetes diabetes patients took two hypoglycaemic agents (n = 13,609, 33.9%) in WM treatment. Metformin plus Sulfonylureas (n = 11,636, 29.0%) and Liu-Wei-Di-Huang-Wan were the most prescribed hypoglycemic drugs and Chinese formula, respectively. In comparison with control group, there was a lower incidence rate (ESRDs/ 1,000 person-years) of the traditional Chinese medicine users (TCM nonusers, n = 14.5, male, n = 15.6, female, n = 12.6; TCM users, n = 3.9, male, n = 5.0, female, n = 2.8). Discussion: the utilization of TCM among adults with type 2 diabetes in Taiwan during the study period appeared to be high compared with previous findings. TCM as a unique traditional therapy for various ailments which has been used in Taiwan for over hundreds of years may be the main contributor to the high prevalence of TCM usage among type 2 diabetic subjects. Moreover, TCM treatment has been covered by the NHI system. Unsurprisingly, the prevalence of CHP for treating type 2 diabetes among adults is comparatively higher in Taiwan than in other countries. However, we inferred that TCM for type 2 diabetes in Taiwan was generally used as adjuncts to diabetes treatment, rather than as replacements for it. Further analysis found that TCM doctors tended to use Chinese herbal medicine (CHMs) to deal with diabetes and gastrointestinal disorders which might be the uncomfortable side effects of diabetes drugs. And the present study indicated that acupuncture in Taiwan was used by this population mainly for diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue (Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue ICD-9 code 710-739). In comparison with control group, utilization of traditional Chinese medicine had the protective effect and lowing inducing diabetic nephropathy, but the active components need to be determined accurately. Conclusions:During the 11-year study period, 77.9 percent of type 2 diabetic patients utilized traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), and only 8.4 percent never used WM in Taiwan. Hence, we inferred that TCM for type 2 diabetes in Taiwan was generally used as adjuncts to diabetes treatment, rather than as replacements for it. Liu-Wei-Di-Huang-Wan and its derivatives are the most frequent prescribed formulas by TCM doctors in Taiwan for type 2 diabetic patients. Utilization of traditional Chinese medicine had the protective effect and lowing inducing diabetic nephropathy (incidence rate: TCM nonusers, n = 14.5; TCM users, n = 3.9). Although some evidence does support the use TCM to treat diabetes, the results from the current study could have been confounded by placebo effect, emphasizing the need for well conducted, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled studies to further evaluate the efficacy of TCM on patients with type 2 diabetes.


Poly-electrolyte N-vinyl 2-pyrrolidone-g-tartaric acid (PVP-g-TA) hydrogels with varying compositions were prepared in the form of rods from ternary mixtures of N-vinyl 2-pyrrolidone/tartaric acid/water. The effect of external stimuli, such as the solution pH, ionic strength, and temperature, on uranyl adsorption by these hydrogels was investigated. Uranyl adsorption capacities of the hydrogels were determined to be 53.2–72.2 (mg UO/g dry gel) at pH 1.8, and 35.3–60.7 (mg UO/g dry gel) at pH 3.8, depending on the amount of TA in the hydrogel. The adsorption studies have shown that the temperature and the ionic strength of the swelling solution also influence uranyl ion adsorption by PVP-g-TA hydrogels. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 78: 2219–2226, 2000


The wide proliferation of digital media, such as digital images has aroused great interest for copyright protection, annotation and authentication. In this paper, we have used invisible watermarking as a means for authentication of two-color text documents. After detecting important features of the document for example the name in an ID card, they are compressed and embedded in the document image as a watermark. Two variations have been made to the CPT watermarking algorithm [8, 9, 10] and the improved scheme has been used as our watermarking method. This scheme uses a secret matrix key and therefore is completely secure. It also has a high capacity and does not degrade the quality of the host image. As we use a lose less method to compact each important feature and embed the coded feature many times in the document image, the implemented system is able to detect image altercations in these features and can completely retrieve them, even if a hacker has changed them in that document. Therefore, we can provide a valid authentication for the retrieved document.


A weak cation exchange monolithic column was prepared in stainless steel column tubule,which was used for analysis and determination of ranitidine hydrochloride as solid phase extraction(SPE) material in urine samples.With the column switch technique,online cleaning up and screening of human urine sample was executed under the condition of 2.5 mmol/L K2HPO4 solutions.Chromatographic operation was performed by reversed-phase HPLC on a C18 column with 1.0 mL/min flow ratio and ultraviolet detection at 320 nm,using an eluting solution consisting of methanol-2.5 mmol/L K2HPO4(2∶1,V/V).Results showed that there was a good linear relationship between the response and the concentration of ranitidine hydrochloride within the range of 0.05-5.0 mg/L(r=0.9994,n=7).The absolutely recovery rate was from 75.0% to 85.0% and the detection limit was 0.01 mg/L.The inter-day RSD and intra-day RSD were less than 5%.This method was suitable for the determination of Ranitidine hydrochloride in human urine,which had avoided tedious pretreatment and provided a fast,economic,repeated and effective method for assaying trace drugs in biologic samples.


Abstract The present study tested the posited structural path of influence through which perceived self–efficacy of affect regulation operates in concert with perceived interpersonal self–efficacy to determine prosocial behavior, which in turn influences satisfaction with life in four age groups. A strong sense of efficacy in the regulation of positive and negative affect was associated with a high perceived efficacy in the management of social relationships and in empathic engagement in others' emotional experiences. Interpersonal self–efficacy directly affected prosocial behavior and entirely mediated the influence of affective self–efficacy on it. As predicted, prosocial behavior directly influenced life satisfaction, showing a higher path of influence for the oldest group as compared to the other ones. The structural model provided a better fit for the data than did alternative models.


A certain appeal to the alpha model for turbulence and related viscosity in accretion disks was that one scales the Reynolds stresses simply on the thermal pressure, assuming that turbulence driven by a certain mechanism will attain a characteristic Mach number in its velocity fluctuations. Besides the notion that there are different mechanism driving turbulence and angular momentum transport in a disk, we also find that within a single instability mechanism, here the Vertical Shear Instability, stresses do not linearly scale with thermal pressure. Here we demonstrate in numerical simulations the effect of the gas temperature gradient and the thermal relaxation time on the average stresses generated in the non-linear stage of the instability. We find that the stresses scale with the square of the exponent of the radial temperature profile at least for a range of dlog T/dlog R = [ − 0.5, −1], beyond which the pressure scale height varies too much over the simulation domain, to provide clear results. Stresses are also dependent on thermal relaxation times, provided they are longer than 10−3 orbital periods. The strong dependence of viscous transport of angular momentum on the local conditions in the disk (especially temperature, temperature gradient, and surface density/optical depth) challenges the ideas of viscosity leading to smooth density distributions, opening a route for structure (ring) formation and time variable mass accretion.


Veneer path consisting of veneer sheets (1) having an average thickness of 0.2 mm to 2.5 mm, wherein respective adjacent veneer sheets (1) in the transition region (2) on the visible surface (3) is overlapped and a sealed joint (5 ) and in the underlying portion a wedge-shaped in cross-section, filled with glue joint (4) forming, are joined together by an adhesive.


Study Design This case report describes a 17-year-old male with Dubowitz syndrome in whom a progressive left thoracic scoliosis developed that required surgical correction. Objective Scoliosis associated with Dubowitz syndrome had not been previously described among the orthopedic manifestations of this rare syndrome. A review of the literature and the surgical treatment of this patient is presented. Summary of Background Data Dubowitz syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by microcephaly, craniofacial abnormalities, eczematous skin rash, delayed skeletal maturation, and shortness of stature. The orthopedic manifestations of this condition primarily involve the hands and feet with brachyclinodactyly of the fifth finger and syndactyly of the second and third toes. Spinal deformity in these individuals is not well described in the literature. Methods Over a 2-year period, the patient's scoliosis progressed to 88°, resulting in severe truncal imbalance without neurologic sequelae. A posterior spinal fusion with segmental instrumentation alone was used to correct the deformity. Results After surgery, excellent restoration of spine sagittal and coronal plane alignment was achieved, resulting in improved sitting and standing balance. Conclusion Patients with Dubowitz syndrome may be at risk of having a progressive, rigid scoliosis. These individuals may need to be observed over a prolonged period for the development of spinal deformity because of the potential for extended delay in skeletal maturation.


Multimedia and Interactive Digital TV: Managing the Opportunities Created by Digital Convergence by Margherita Pagani. IRM Press (an imprint of Idea Group Inc.(, 2003, 233 (incl. references etc., ISBN 1-9317-7720-9, www.irm-press.com

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Masseteric hypertrophy is one of the rare conditions presenting with facial swelling or asymmetry. It is not unusual for a clinician to misdiagnose this condition. Patients are usually concerned only about the facial esthetics as it remains asymptomatic. There is no uniform agreement on whether surgical correction is indicated or not. The authors describe two cases of unilateral masseteric hypertrophy with their imaging findings.


The most important characteristic of poverty in Indonesia is the prevalence of poverty in the agricultural sector. What is the main root of poverty in the agricultural sector in Indonesia? By analyzing the historical account of agrarian reform, the paper examined the evolution of policy toward peasant and agricultural sector in Indonesia from 1960s. It argued that the lack of peasants' accessibility of land ownership, government reluctance to revitalize agricultural sector, as well as the failed land reform agenda have contributed toward massive poverty in Indonesian agricultural sector. The paper provided further analysis of current Indonesian policy toward agricultural sector.


The flexural cracking behavior of ultrahigh performance concrete (UHPC) beams was experimentally studied in this paper. Eight UHPC beams were tested and analyzed regarding their crack pattern, crack spacing and load‐crack width curves. The test variables included reinforcement ratio, reinforcement diameter and UHPC cover thickness. The results indicated that crack width of UHPC increased linearly with the increase of applied load until the yielding of steel rebars. When the applied load was beyond the yielding load, one or two flexural cracks developed into localized cracks, followed by a rapid increase in crack width. Besides, increasing the ratio of steel rebars and appropriately decreasing the thickness of UHPC cover were beneficial to decrease mean crack spacing and maximum crack width, whereas reinforcement diameter had little influence on these characteristics. Predictions of crack width by existing FRC/UHPC codes were evaluated and compared with the experimental results. The comparisons indicated that predicted values by NF‐P18‐710, MC 2010, CNR‐DT 204, and RILEM TC‐162‐TDF models showed a good accuracy with experimental ones. The highest deviation for mean crack spacing and maximum crack width were less than 18 and 8%, respectively. However, CECS 38 model gave the largest deviation about 60 and 25% for prediction of mean crack spacing and maximum crack width, respectively. Among them, NF‐P18‐710 model exhibited the best accuracy with average ratio and SD of 1.01 and 0.17, respectively.


Flexibly-reconfigurable roll forming (FRRF), which is a sheet forming process for multi-curved sheet metal, may solve both the economic and technical problems incurred in using a conventional die forming process. In the FRRF process, the multi-curved sheet metal is formed by different strain distributions on the sheet metal, and the reconfigurable rollers are used as tools during the forming. Therefore, a thorough investigation focused on the reconfigurable rollers is required for the realization of the FRRF process prior to the fabrication of FRRF machine. In the current study, a series of finite element simulations were conducted to study the load distributions experienced by the reconfigurable roller. In order to verify the shape design variables, the effect of the metal thickness on the curvatures of sheet is also presented.


The background estimated by FFT and the direct demodulation method are applied to Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence analysis(EDXRF).The method is used to calibrate the X-ray fluorescence analyzer which measures content of Tungsten,getting the coefficients.The X-ray fluorescence analyzer is used to analyze the content of Tungsten in the geochemical exploration samples.The result from the x-ray fluorescence analyzer is close to the result from the wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence analyzer.So used background estimated by FFT and the direct demodulation method,the x-ray fluorescence analyzer can be used to analyze the content of Tungsten in the geochemical exploration samples.


Existing literature has elaborately studied the important role played by Liang Qichao and its New Historiography in serving the nation and enlightenment but there is not much discussion about his methods in historian studies.There is no doubt that the New Historiography has played an important role in serving the nation.However,when we evaluate the New Historiography 100 years after its birth,we could not deny that its major contribution to historiography lies in its study methods.Liang's study methods laid the foundation for the school of materialism historiography.


Objective:To document levels of public support in Australia for smoking restrictions in licensed premises, including trends over time, and to examine the potential effects of a ban on patronage.


Type of school Secondary School category Foundation Age range of pupils 11–18 Gender of pupils Mixed Gender of pupils in the sixth form Mixed Number of pupils on the school roll 1010 Of which, number on roll in the sixth form 135 Appropriate authority The governing body Chair Linda Bigham Headteacher Ruth Williamson Date of previous school inspection 27 February 2008 School address Grange Road Coventry CV6 6BB Telephone number 024 7636 9200 Fax number 024 7636 9201 Email address email@example.com


SUMMARY
The endophytic fungi Acremonium loliae and a Gliocladium-like sp. were isolated from Lolium perenne; A. coenophialum and a Phialophora-like sp. from Festuca arundinacea; and Epichloe typhina from F. rubra. All five fungi infected endophyte-free seedlings of the host grasses and F. arundinacea after artificial inoculation. All fungi except A. coenophialum were able to infect L. perenne. The inoculation technique involved placing endophyte mycelium into the coleoptile tissue of sterile seedlings growing on water agar in Petri dishes. Infection of mature plants with endophytes was not achieved. The presence of some endophytes in grasses can be beneficial to plant growth and persistence but deleterious to the health of animals which graze them. The desirability of infecting cultivars of grasses with endophytes is discussed.


The modern economy has been largely created by capitalist firms – firms characterised by the employer/employee relationship. By describing their basic structure and mode of operation, one can generate an account of their impact on the economy. This illuminates features of the specifically capitalist economy, such as persistent economic growth and non-frictional unemployment. It is now possible to base such an account on evidence, of widely different types, rather than assumptions. First, corporations are extremely diverse. Their sizes vary as a smooth continuum, from firms with few employees to massive multinational corporations. Typically, firm sizes are distributed as a power law; this arises causally from differential success in competing, with self-reinforcement properties ("preferential attachment"). Heterogeneity is seen also in productivity, input intensity, efficiency, innovativeness and indicators of profitability; these characteristics are highly persistent over time. The core structural feature of the corporation is the authority structure, with a group of directors who initiate the firm and control its direction (plus a possibly separate ownership), and a workforce. Their mode of operation is a set of behaviours that are orientated to competition, notably decision making on investment and employment. The ability to adjust employment, equipment, location, etc so as to maintain/enhance market position is a feature of capitalist firms, so that production methods and unit costs can be radically altered. Competition is an arms race between firms that drives down unit costs, and thus prices, for the sector as a whole. Similarly, this flexibility of capitalist firms means the ability to easily alter the nature of the product. The impacts are therefore the production of existing goods with ever-lower real inputs, and a profusion of new products [Joffe 2011]; additionally, unemployment is better analysed in terms of employers' actions than of workers' choices [Manning 2003]. The modern world has been created by capitalism. Unfortunately, this term has multiple meanings that can denote very different real-world phenomena. It is often used in relation to various aspects of the financial sector, such as banking or the stock market that date respectively from the middle ages in Italy and from 1602 in Amsterdam. In this paper, I am using it to indicate something more recent in origin, which will be the focus of the analysis: a real economy dominated by capitalist firms – i.e. firms that are characterised by the employer/employee relationship [Hodgson 1999]. This definition of the capitalist firm is rather sparse compared with traditional accounts. It is designed to highlight the transformation that occurred historically with the advent of large-scale employment by a single employer, as with the factory system in the England of the industrial revolution. This is still visible today, in the differential performance of capitalist firms versus those that rely on family labour and others with a limited workforce. There is an argument for also specifying production for profit in the basic description of the capitalist firm, but this is a feature of any type of firm, even if it is perhaps more pronounced among capitalist firms. Another element frequently found in descriptions of capitalist firms, and generally assumed to be a typical attribute, is that they are privately owned. Whilst this has been true of most capitalist firms historically, and remains so in most places, recent experience in post-reform China and Vietnam has been that State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs) can behave in a remarkably similar manner to privatelyowned firms, albeit typically with lower productivity. This attribute is therefore disregarded here as being non-essential. The advantage of retaining just one criterion is that it provides a clear focus: why has the relationship between employer and employee made such a difference? I answer this question by looking in turn at the structure of the capitalist firm, its resulting mode of operation, and the consequent impact on the economy and on society more generally.


The background of this study is that there are still problems with the aggressive behavior of students, especially class VIII students of SMP Negeri 32 Banjarmasin. For this reason, BK needs to be handled by competent teachers according to Law No. 111 of 2014 to be able to form students into the generation of hope of the nation according to Law No. 20 of 2003. The purpose of this study is to find out the services that are carried out and find out the obstacles experienced when running a program of guidance and counseling services in the formation of a personality that has a moral character to handle students' aggressive behavior. In this study, researchers used qualitative research methods. The research subject was the teacher of BK 32 SMP Negeri Banjarmasin. Data is collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of this study indicate that the guidance and counseling service program at Banjarmasin State Middle School 32 has had an impact on the formation of the personality of students who have moral character. So that individual counseling services provided by counseling teachers to students who have aggressive behavioral problems are able to make better changes in these students. Suggestions from this study are as BK teachers need to understand the root causes of each student's problem, then need to understand correctly the meaning of personality (in Islam). And the school must pay attention to the guidance and counseling program in it so that it is implemented properly.   Keywords: Guidance and Counseling Services, Personality, Morals, and Aggressive Behavior


Patients with ischemic heart disease (angina pectoris of functional class II and III) whose mean age was 67.4 +/- 1.67 years were divided into 3 randomized groups. 15 control patients received standard treatment. 30 and 15 patients of group 1 and 2, respectively, received standard treatment plus amino acid composition (100 mg 3 times a day sublingually) or preductal (20 mg 3 times a day)--groups 1 and 2, respectively. The treatment lasted 21 days. Before the treatment and on its day 1, 7 and 21 measurements were made of glutathione level, activity of glutathion-dependent enzymes, catalase, Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase and malonic dialdehyde in red cells. The amino acid composition was found to raise the level of antioxidant system and suppress lipid peroxidation. Preductal raised the activity of Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase and had an unbalanced effect on the antioxidant system.


The discourse of advertising has provided a fertile ground for scholars with keen interest in the effects persuasive rhetoric has on both the emotional and the psychological dispositions of people. This study focused on one particular type of advertisement, the billboard advertisement. The aim of the study is two-fold: first, to explore the linguistic and nonlinguistic devices used as persuasive artifacts in billboard advertisements; and second, to find out how ideology was projected by the billboard advertisements. The study is qualitative research. Data collection was done in the Cape Coast metropolis. A total of fifteen billboards were collected. Of these, five were sampled for analysis. The sample was a mixture of billboards that advertised institutions, services, products, or people. The analysis reveals that linguistic devices such as nominals, participles, etc., images, and multiple colours are employed in billboard advertisements to persuade consumers to patronize some product or service. Secondly, billboard advertisements make use of the technique of positive self-representation and negative other-representation in an attempt to manipulate the perceptions of their target consumers. Significantly, the study contributes to existing scholarship on the discourse of manipulation.


We consider an axially loaded Timoshenko rotor rotating at a constant speed and derive its governing equations from a continuum viewpoint. The primary aim of this paper is to understand the source and role of gyroscopic terms, when the rotor is viewed not as a Timoshenko beam but as a genuine 3D continuum. We offer the primary insight that macroscopically observed gyroscopic terms may also, quite equivalently, be viewed as external manifestations of internally existing spin-induced prestresses at the continuum level. To demonstrate this idea with an analytical example (the Timoshenko rotor), we have studied the reliable equations of Choi et al. (Journal of Vibration and Acoustics, 114, 1992, 249-259). Using a straightforward application of our insight in the framework of nonlinear elasticity, we obtain equations that exactly match Choi et al. for the case with no axial load. For the case of axial preload, our straightforward formulation leads to a slightly different set of equations that have negligible numerical consequence for solid rotors. However, we offer a macroscopic, intuitive, justification for modifying our formulation so as to obtain the exact equations of Choi et al. with the axial load included.


ABSTRACT The impact of recent flood events, such as hurricane Harvey in 2017 which affected the upper Texas coastal region, has sparked new proposals for buying out damaged properties to reduce flood risk and return them to natural open space. Traditionally, buyouts have been carried out with little regard for non-monetary benefits, such as ecological and aesthetic values, but have been driven by a cost–benefit calculus that leads to a reactionary, ad hoc selection process after a flood event has already occurred. This standard practice can result in a disjointed pattern of open spaces that does little to protect environmental assets. In response to the lack of research that also considers the complementary ecological benefits of buyout programmes, this study tests a methodological framework that identifies candidate parcels for acquisition along a spectrum of ecological and proximity variables, by statistically and spatially identifying the nexus between ecological value and economic benefits when acquiring flooded properties. Importantly, we show that including these criteria does not significantly reduce the cost-effectiveness of buyouts and that acquiring parcels for flood risk reduction can be combined with protecting ecological values in a way that helps communities to become more resilient over the long term.


Prevention activities to ensure food health safety based on Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) in food enterprises are still scarcely established as shown by the results of the Hygiene sanitary inspections made by the Health Department technicians. To know at what extend the HACCP was implemented in bars, bar-restaurant and restaurants, a questionnaire was administered to gather information on 94 establishments. A 32% were unaware of the HACCP, and only 57% knew the obligation of its application. The worse knowledge was among the smaller business, with five or less employees. Among those who knew the HACCP but did not implement it, the main reason was the lack of time and its difficulty. These results suggest that we need to modify the strategy to improve the knowledge and the application of the preventive activities to ensure the food health safety.


Since the outbreak of the epidemic, the environment education and the education of sustainable development became the mainfocus once again. It is because some citizens lack consciousness of ecological civilization and sustainable development, caused environmental pollution, indiscriminate killing of wild animals, destruction of social public health, injury and sacrifice of people's physical and mental health, disturbance of urban and rural social life order, etc. The outbreak of the novel coronavirus pneumonia undoubtedly confirmed the urgency of strengthening the global citizens' education for sustainable development. This serious epidemic related to the sale and consumption of wild animals is a wake-up call again. It is necessary to reexamine the relationship between man and nature and the way of human behavior. Education is the key factor for the implementation of sustainable development. Good health and well-being, and quality education are the third and fourth goal for sustainable development proposed by the United Nations. Through content analysis and case analysis, this paper indicated that teachers' educational ability for sustainable development is a professional ability that higher education institutes should apply education for sustainable development as a means to strengthen the environmental education. Teachers identify with the concept of sustainable development education and are willing to practice the values of sustainable development in life and educational activities.


The methods of electrodischarge treatment used in the technology of commercial production have an affecting factor produced by the electrical discharge in a liquid. The methods are implemented in HV electrohydraulic systems. In electrodischarge technique the service water is usually used and it has the high conductivity value (/spl gamma//spl ges/10/sup -4/ Ohms-1 cm/sup -1/). Some production procedures employ solutions of higher conductivity values such as the cement solution or concrete mixes. Implementation of the electrodischarge processes in such mediums involves high energy losses during discharge formation and that requires the increase of the single pulse energy and leads to the increase of energy consumption, fall in reliability and etc. So the search for new methods of the discharge formation in a high conductivity medium became necessary.


Objective: To explore the characteristics of the orthodontic treatment on the adult patients with malocclusion by analyzing the effect of orthodontic treatment, and to make orthopedic rteatment prformed smoothly. Methods: Acquiresatisfactory was taken from 286 adult patients with malocclusion, then the characteristics of adult orthodontic treatmentand the selectiom of methods were analyzed/ Results: Among the 286 patients, 248 who had received complete treatment had their malocclusion corrected, their facial features and function of masticatiom were significantly improved. The patients wrer followed up for six months or two years, andno relapse was found in all cases. Conclusion: The method or fixture orthodontic treatment can be widely used in adult malocclusion because of its reliability and remarkable effect.


Objective To select the best extraction method for the effective anti-liver tumor components in fructus polygoni orientalis.Methods The content of texifolin and quercetin and dry extract yield rate were used as index.The single factor exam was performed on the extraction solvent,and then the orthogonal design method was used to optimize and select the best water extraction method.Results The best extraction method for effective anti-liver tumor components in Fructus Polygoni Orientalis was as follow: 6 times of 60% ethanol and extracted for 3 times,2 h each time.Conclusion The selected method is stable and feasible.The experiment provides basis for the further use of this medicine.


Excited-state dipole moments of a set of Coumarin dyes extensively used in laser applications have been determined for the first time, employing a solvatochromic procedure utilising the microscopic solvent polarity parameter, ENT. Our results are expected to be quite reliable in view of the fact that the correlation of the solvatochromic Stokes shifts is superior to that obtained using bulk solvent polarity functions. The experimentally determined dipole-moment changes are in fair agreement with recent semi-empirical computational predictions. It is shown that the discrepancies observed in some cases can be overcome using more appropriate parametrisation in the calculation. The insight provided by the present measurements into the nature of the emitting state is mentioned.


Deformation behavior of (at. %) bulk metallic glass(BMG) fabricated by suction casting method has been investigated at elevated temperatures in this study. The BMG was first verified to have an amorphous structure with the analysis of X-ray diffraction(XRD) and differential scanning calorimetry(DSC) data. A series of compression tests has consequently been performed in the region of supercooled liquid temperature to investigate the behavior of high temperature deformation. A transition from Newtonian to non-Newtonian flow appeared to take place depending upon both the strain rate and test temperature. A processing map based on a dynamic materials model has been constructed to estimate a feasible forming condition for this BMG alloy.


This paper discusses the multi physics modeling of an electric aircraft with distributed electric propulsion. Mathematical models for the aircraft body, propellers, propulsive motors, power electronics inverters, and batteries are developed. Two types of models are proposed for the power electronics inverters and electric machines, namely, average models which allow study of the aircraft performance under a specified mission profile, and detailed switching models used for transient examination. A new simulation framework was developed to allow communication between these two types of models so that losses and thermal stresses in the power electronics converters can be estimated especially during takeoff, landing, and other extreme conditions. Case studies are presented for an example aircraft based on the ratings and configuration of X-57 Maxwell, NASA's first all-electric distributed electric propulsion electric aircraft, which employs fourteen propellers driven by synchronous electric motors.


• Many factors in women may contribute to depression, such as developmental, reproductive, hormonal, genetic and other biological differences (e.g. premenstrual syndrome, childbirth, infertility and menopause) • Social factors may also lead to higher rates of clinical depression among women, including stress from work, family responsibilities, the roles and expectations of women and increased rates of sexual abuse and poverty.


IC industry is now undergoing a radical change from
traditional planar MOSFET transistors to 3-dimensional FinFETs.
Unlike planar MOSFETs, FinFETs offer an excellent short channel
behavior and enables scaling of transistors to continue further.
Also, they offer circuit designers a unique way of balancing
performance and leakage power consumption by way of their dual gate
structure that allows to alter their threshold voltage dynamically.
Due to their three dimensional structure and very high packing
density, it is unclear if traditional MOSFET fault models are
adequate to model defects in FinFETs. In particular, fault behavior
of FinFET-based SRAMs need to be studied, given the predominant
increase of area occupied by memories in modern ICs. In this
research, we model all possible spot defects in FinFET-based SRAM
and their faulty behaviors are simulated in Hspice. The resulting
electrical faults are transformed into functional fault models.
Three new fault models are found and a march algorithm is developed
to detect them efficiently.


Chemical fertilisers with microelements are remarked by the permeability and excellent solubility , which bring a great performance in these utilisation on all types of vegetal cultures, and could be applied as much on the leafs and radicular, through all the methods of irrigation. Using these types of fertilisers in well established doses, depends on the fertilised vegetal species and the followed results, in the situation of. Papilionaceae family it will be favoured the roots development are growth, fruits quality improving and B1, B2 and B6 vitamins biosynthesis stimulation.
Because it is well known the action the biochemical role of thiamine and pyridoxine in the alive organism, in this work tried to demonstrate that the chemical fertilisers administration with microelements during the vegetation stage of pea's, cause a qualitative superior products obtaining. In this senses it was remarked the increasing of capsules number and beans mass in pods, on the plant, respectively the thiamine contents increasing and the pyridoxine in the pea pods which came from fertilized plot.


This study of urban developments in Belgrade and Shanghai is set in the
 context of comparative urban research. It presents two ostensibly contrasting
 cities and briefly examines urban development patterns in China and Serbia
 before focusing more specifically on mega urban projects in the two cities -
 Pudong and Hongqiao in Shanghai contrasted with New Belgrade. While the
 historical genesis of the Chinese and Serbian projects differs markedly,
 together they provide complementary examples of contemporary entrepreneurial
 urban development in divergent settings. China and Serbia share a heritage of
 state ownership of urban land, and this characteristic is still very much a
 feature underpinning development in Shanghai and other Chinese cities, as
 well as in New Belgrade. In both territories, state ownership of land has
 contributed to a form of urban development which - it is argued in this paper
 - can best be seen as state-based but market-led. The comparative study that
 this work initiates will, it is hoped, contribute to an understanding of
 contextual change in the two worlds regions of East Europe and East Asia.


The embodiment of the invention discloses a method and electronic equipment for shooting a panoramic picture, relates to the technical field of mobile terminals, and solves the problem of relatively poor quality of the panoramic picture spliced at present. The method is applied to electronic equipment; the electronic equipment comprises at least one first image collection unit and one second image collection unit ; the method comprises the following steps: simultaneously starting the first image collection unit and the second image collection unit; when the posture of the electronic equipment changes, collecting images through the first image collection unit to obtain a first group of images; simultaneously collecting images through the second image collection unit to obtain a second group of images; processing the first group of images and the second group of images to obtain the panoramic picture. The method is suitable for image shooting of the electronic equipment.


The ordinary -control theory is extended to with range in locally convex spaces through a form of a parameter vector. The algorithms of computing the infimal model-matching error and the infimal controller are presented. Two examples with a form of a parameter-vector are enumerated for computing the infimal model-matching error and the infimal controller.


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to offer an exploratory case study comparing one Brazilian beef processor's relationships supplying two different distribution channels, an EU importer and an EU retail chain operating in Brazil.Design/methodology/approach – The paper begins with a short review of global value chains and the recent literature on trust. It gives the background to the Brazilian beef chain and presents data obtained through in‐depth interviews, annual reports and direct observation with the Brazilian beef processor, the EU importer and the retailer. The interviews were conducted with individual firms, but the analysis places them in a chain context, identifying the links and relationships between the agents of the chains and aiming to describe each distribution channel.Findings – Executive chain governance exercised by the domestic retailer stimulates technical upgrading and transferring of best practices to local suppliers. Consequently, this kind of relationship results in more trust ...


Objective To investigate the in vivo absorptive characteristic of arctiin in small intestine of rats.Methods The intestine absorption model of arctiin was established by in vivo intestinal perfusion method.The absorption rate constants(Ka),absorption half time(t1/2),absorption percent of per unit of time(P),and apparent permeability coefficient(Papp) were calculated and compared to investigate the absorptive dynamics of arctiin in intestine of rats.Results At the concentration range of 10—50 μg/mL,Ka,t1/2,P,and Papp showed no significant difference,and had no connection with concentration of arctiin.Conclusion Arctiin complies with the first-order absorptive kinetics and the absorptive mechanism in intestine may be passive transport.