Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of permanent blindness in the working-age population. And automatic DR diagnosis can assist ophthalmologists to design tailored treatments for patients, including DR grading and lesion discovery. However, most of existing methods treat DR grading and lesion discovery as two independent tasks, which require lesion annotations as a learning guidance and limits the actual deployment. To alleviate this problem, we propose a novel lesion-aware transformer (LAT) for DR grading and lesion discovery jointly in a unified deep model via an encoder-decoder structure including a pixel relation based encoder and a lesion filter based decoder. The proposed LAT enjoys several merits. First, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first work to formulate lesion discovery as a weakly supervised lesion localization problem via a transformer decoder. Second, to learn lesion filters well with only image-level labels, we design two effective mechanisms including lesion region importance and lesion region diversity for identifying diverse lesion regions. Extensive experimental results on three challenging benchmarks including Messidor-1, Messidor-2 and EyePACS demonstrate that the proposed LAT performs favorably against state-of-the-art DR grading and lesion discovery methods.


Public management is a new paradigm of public affairs administration which having evolved from the practice of governments and traditions of public administration since 1980's.This paper tries to integrate the new paradigm into traditional educational administration and finds innovational ways to improve public educational administration. All of the keys are :taking public benefits and satisfaction as standpoint; trying market manner; learning approaches and technologies from company management; introducing new forces of society and the third department; enforcing institution and laws.


PURPOSE: A multimedia service method in an IMT-2000 system is provided to offer an MBMS(Multimedia Broadcast/Multicast Service) RNTI(Radio Network Temporary Identifier) used when MBMS-associated information is transmitted and received between a UTRAN(UMTS(Universal Mobile Telecommunication System) Terrestrial Radio Access Network) and a terminal or between a node for the UTRAN and another node, in case that the UTRAN provides MBMS services. CONSTITUTION: In case that an MBMS RAB(Radio Access Bearer) is created for an arbitrary MBMS service, a UTRAN RRC(Radio Resource Control) creates an MBMS RNTI for the MBMS service. The UTRAN RRC transfers the created MBMS RNTI to a UTRAN MAC(Medium Access Control)-c/sh. The UTRAN MAC-c/sh stores the MBMS RNTI.


Objective: To explore emergency treatment for open laryngeal trauma and its surgical treatment.Methods: A retrospective analysis of 28 open laryngeal trauma cases with emergency treatment was carried out.Results: All 28 cases had emergency surgery,and 1 case died of heart and lung failure.25 cases had normal pronunciation after operation including 2 cases with postoperative pharyngeal fistula and 1 case with postoperative tracheo-esophageal fistula,which was healed after further treatment without a hoarse voice.There were 2 cases had postoperative laryngeal stenosis,and were healed after surgery again but still with a hoarse voice.Conclusions: In emergency treatment for open laryngeal trauma,it is important to save lives.Complications prevention,retention and recovery of laryngeal function are also necessary.


t has become an undeniable reality that the active involvement of children in armed conflict is an endemic problem affecting the countries of the Republic of Congo and the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). The participation of children has been condemned by the United Nations Organisation, the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), international human rights Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs), and the international media, because of the human rights violations involved and war crimes perpetrated. Rational choice theories and interactionist paradigm can be used to analyse the logic of the forced recruitment of children in the two Congos. The war barons, the leaders of the politico-military groups and some of the chiefs of the national armies underestimate the phenomenon of the participation of children in armed conflict, which is on the rise with the re-emergence of fighting in the Eastern part of the Democratic Republic of Congo. While the recruitment of child soldiers is nothing new, the role of children in combat has evolved considerably over the past two decades. This evolution has brought about profound changes in the way these children are perceived and used; from being seen as civil victims of the conflicts to being seen as child soldiers -concomitantly victims and perpetrators. The history of the two Congos, which have been beset over a long period with sporadic fighting, seems to have entered into a cycle of simmering conflicts and all-out war having civil, regional, ethnic, socio-political, and economic dimensions. The armies would be, without the forced recruitment of children, too thinly spread to continue these conflicts. The child soldier has therefore become a principal actor in the region. How can we evaluate and understand this fundamental evolution of the Congo conflicts? What solutions can be envisaged to this phenomenon? What can be done to prevent it? Which counter-measures can be undertaken? Real commitment from the national and international political leaders in the Disarmament, Demobilisation and Reintegration (DDR) process of the United Nations and the European Union, as well as quick and efficient concerted action from the international community is required to prevent the continued enrolment of children, and to obtain the demobilisation of those who served in the armies and the armed groups in both countries. This involves lobbying the army chiefs and the war barons, for whom the prospects of being arrested and appearing before the International Criminal Court, and the consequences of subsequent sentencing constitute a real threat.


: Ultrasonic pulse velocity is a non-destructive method that is used to measure the properties of concrete and detect the damage of recycled aggregates and natural coarse aggregates concrete such as cracks. Due to the demolition of old concrete structures, waste concrete generates an environmental problem. To solve this problem, it is necessary to recover the recycled aggregates from concrete waste. The natural coarse aggregates is replaced by recycled coarse aggregates with the help of crushing the waste concrete and providing new concrete, but there should be a change in the compressive strength and damage occur within the concrete cube. The ultrasonic pulse velocity method was used to detect the damage of concrete such as cracks in the natural coarse aggregate and recycled coarse aggregates concrete. The specimen was a 150x150x150 mm cube concrete specimen. Each concrete cube was examined for velocity readings in sound, modulus of elastic and detected the concrete damaged by applying different loads on natural and recycled concrete. The damage level increases as the ultrasonic pulse velocity decreases. After analysis, the compressive strength of natural coarse aggregate is higher than recycled coarse aggregate concrete and the velocity of natural coarse aggregate is around 19.34% higher than recycled concrete and cracks occur more in recycled concrete as compared to natural coarse aggregate concrete. The higher reduced velocity shows crack formation. The main role of this work lies in comparative study of NCA and RCA, also determining the mechanical properties of concrete including young's modulus of concrete and detecting the damage within concrete through the help of the ultrasonic pulse velocity method.


This corpus is outdated. Please use its successor PAN-PC-11: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3250095

The PAN plagiarism corpus 2009 (PAN-PC-09) is a corpus for the evaluation of automatic plagiarism detection algorithms. For research purposes the corpus can be used free of charge.

The PAN-PC-09 contains documents in which artificial plagiarism has been inserted automatically. The plagiarism cases have been constructed using a so-called random plagiarist, a computer program which constructs plagiarism according to a number of random variables. The variables include the percentage of plagiarism in the whole corpus, the percentage of plagiarism per document, the length of a single plagiarized section, and the degree of obfuscation per plagiarized section.


In this paper the problem of Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) of a Toeplitz structured covariance matrix is considered. Based on the Majorization Minimization (MM) framework an Alternating projection based TOeplitz covariance Matrix estimation (ATOM) algorithm is proposed, which is capable of monotonically optimizing the objective function of an equivalent formulation of the MLE problem. Numerical simulations show that the new method provides satisfactory performance levels in terms of both mean square estimation error and signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio.


With global capitalism triumphant, the idea that humanity must ultimately choose between socialism or barbarism would seem preposterous if working people's historic gains were not being reversed, if political extremism was not flourishing, if economic and social polarisation were not growing, if nations and societies were not disintegrating, if ethnic, religious and imperialist wars were not proliferating and if lean and mean ideologies were not diluting compassion and destroying the meaning of responsible citizenship. As it is, it is not so surprising that some people claim to be able to hear the faint hoofbeats of barbarism in the stillness of the early dawn. The hegemonic ideology counters such hysteria by endlessly repeating its dog-eared promises of progress and efficiency, but careful observers note that, as they lose credibility, these promises are being steadily diluted. Gone is the dream of the leisure society, along with that of full employment, that of a regular, secure job and that of a compassionate society. Is there an end to this? And where does barbarism begin?


Introduction: Terpenes are natural compounds found in several organisms belonging to the animal and plant kingdoms. They constitute the largest class of natural products with > 55,000 known compounds structurally diversified. Several studies have attributed to this big family of compounds a range of pharmacological properties, such as anticancer, antimicrobial, antifungal, antiviral, antihyperglycemic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antiparasitic. Areas covered: In this review, the authors summarize therapeutic patent applications concerning the employment of terpenes for pain relief, focusing on the perspective for these compounds to become candidates for new drugs intended to control painful syndromes. Expert opinion: Over years of tremendous academic and industrial investment in the characterization of the analgesic action of terpenes, there was the development of a successful product that has been well-accepted clinically. Furthermore, there is still hope that new therapeutic options for the control of painful syndromes will be developed from terpenes, which have been shown to be great candidates for this purpose because of the range of pharmacological mechanisms in important target sites.


In this paper, a depth control problem for towed vehicle is considered. Generally the depth of the towed vehicle is not steady by the effect of the vibration of towing line. In order to keep the constant depth, a controller for variable horizontal tail fins, which are equipped on the towed vehicle considered this paper, is designed. Since the mathematical model of the towed vehicle can be expressed as a nonlinear equation, a nonlinear controller for the tail planes is derived by using linear matrix inequalities (LMIs).


This article discusses the work of Christoph Willibald Gluck on operatic fashion during the period of 1714 to 1787. The writer explores some of Gluck's renowned works and what they tried to portray.


I f machines are to become intelligent, they must, at the very least, be able to do the thinking-related things that humans can do. The first steps then in the quest for artificial intelligence involved identifying some specific tasks thought to require intelligence and figuring out how to get machines to do them. Solving puzzles, playing games such as chess and checkers, proving theorems, answering simple questions, and classifying visual images were among some of the problems tackled by the early pioneers during the 1950s and early 1960s. Although most of these were laboratory-style, sometimes called "toy," problems, some real-world problems of commercial importance, such as automatic reading of highly stylized magnetic characters on bank checks and language translation, were also being attacked. (As far as I know, Seymour Papert was the first to use the phrase "toy problem." At a 1967 AI workshop I attended in Athens, Georgia, he distinguished among tau or "toy" problems, rho or real-world problems, and theta or "theory" problems in artificial intelligence. This distinction still serves us well today.) In this part, I'll describe some of the first real efforts to build intelligent machines. Some of these were discussed or reported on at conferences and symposia – making these meetings important milestones in the birth of AI. I'll also do my best to explain the underlying workings of some of these early AI programs.


Summary

The equations for the variation of the osculating elements of a satellite are integrated to yield the complete perturbations of the first order due to the second harmonic, together with the secular perturbations of the second order due to the second harmonic and of the first order due to the third to sixth harmonics. A set of smoothed elements is then derived, in which the perturbations of the even harmonics have no singularities, the semi-major axis and eccentricity have no variation due to the second harmonic and the other elements have the smallest possible amplitudes of oscillation. The formulae presented will be extremely useful in the reduction of earth-satellite observations and geopotential studies based on these.


Abstract Statistical tools (correlations and analyses of variance) have been proposed to decide whether a hemispheric functional asymmetry reflects absolute or relative cerebral superiority. A set of 16 normal subjects were given two tasks involving right hemisphere competences in the visual modality: the recognition of a small set of easily discriminated faces and meaningless geometrical figures, displayed in the lateral visual fields. The statistical tools did not perfectly agree with one another as had already been noted in a previous study. The results also showed a left hemisphere advantage, contrary to expectations; this last obsirvation is linked with a possible asymmetrical effect of familiarization with the material


Draft genome sequences were obtained for four methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains isolated from various wards of the Hospital Canselor Tuanku Muhriz (HCTM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, in 2017. Using different bioinformatics tools, we annotated the draft genomes and identified multiple antimicrobial resistance genes. ABSTRACT Draft genome sequences were obtained for four methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains isolated from various wards of the Hospital Canselor Tuanku Muhriz (HCTM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, in 2017. Using different bioinformatics tools, we annotated the draft genomes and identified multiple antimicrobial resistance genes.


PURPOSE: A plasma display panel and a manufacturing method thereof are provided to increase the discharge efficiency by including the carbon-based material in the non-discharge area. CONSTITUTION: A first substrate and a second substrate are separated from each other. An address electrode(11) is located between the first substrate and the second substrate. A partition wall(40) divides the non-discharge area located between a plurality of discharge cells which are close to each other.


In this article we propose a philosophical critique of two general, but not exhaustive, approaches to gender studies in sport, namely gynocentric feminism and humanist feminism. We argue that both approaches are problematic because they fail clearly to distinguish or articulate their epistemological and ideological commitments. In particular, humanist feminists articulate the human condition using the sex/gender dichotomy, which fails to account adequately for gendered subjectivity. For them gender difference is a contingent feature of humanity developed through socialisation. As a result, it seems that what humanist feminists regard as women in their natural 'state' is in itself ideological. The generic 'human' condition is by no means a neutral condition but rather an idea tarnished by gender history characterised by the masculine. Consequently, humanist feminists uncritically argue for inclusion in sport, with access to an equal share of the human goods available, without carefully problematising the ideological nature of the practice. Gynocentric feminists also subscribe to the sex/gender dichotomy, suggesting however, that gender subjectivity is the result of a biological imperative. For gynocentric feminists, sexual difference provides authority for adjudicating between a separate and different male and female epistemology. Accordingly, gynocentric feminists commit the genetic fallacy by condemning sport to a masculine activity and therefore incompatible with feminine value in light of its male ancestry. 'Soft' gynocentrism does not fully sanction a conception of sport which allows only traditionally female values to flourish, or at least the reason for celebrating such sports would focus upon the goods and values therein. In other words, the value of the practice for either men or women is to be found, following MacIntyre (1985), in the internal goods that characterise the particular practice. Such internal goods are, as MacIntyre argues, goods of the practice and do not belong to any particular gender or group.


The present application relates to a shield terminal for the shield (10) is injection device comprising a hub (2) to be engaged removably engaging (3) (10). Shield (10) has a wall (13), its inner surface (14) defining an interior cavity for accommodating the tip of the injection device (3) (15). At least a portion of the inner surface (14) (14a), when the shield (10) is engaged to the tip of the injection device (3) being adapted to contact with said hub (2), which Accordingly, said portion (14a) is disposed over the major portion of said portion (14a), said portion (14a) and the hub (2) shape configuration of the surface defining the amount of contact therebetween (16, with a 17).


Duality transformation, defined as a linear transformation between electromagnetic six-vectors, is known to transform electromagnetic problems in a linear (bi-anisotropic) medium to electromagnetic problems in another linear medium. This gives a possibility to create analytical expressions for the Green dyadic for media which are dual to simpler media with known Green dyadic solutions. Different forms of the duality transformation of fields are considered and their properties in terms of eigenfunctions are discussed. After this, corresponding transformations to medium parameters are considered in terms of their eigenmedia, i.e., media which are transformed in a simple manner. As a particular example a nonreciprocal anisotropic medium is considered, for which the Green dyadic was recently constructed in analytic form. It is shown that when the medium is transformed to a nonreciprocal bi-anisotropic medium, its Green dyadic can be obtained through the same transformation.


Energy is required to perform any of the operation in the world ranges from involving the small to large momentum. As the sources of energy are limited so depending upon the solar energy is the future. In our paper we have research the efficiency of the A-300 cells usage in the solar tree, saving both the energy and save required for the installation. In this paper we have mentioned better efficiency performance


Thank you very much for downloading bank marketing for the 90s new ideas from 55 of the best marketers in banking. As you may know, people have search numerous times for their favorite novels like this bank marketing for the 90s new ideas from 55 of the best marketers in banking, but end up in harmful downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they juggled with some malicious bugs inside their computer.


Through distinguishing maps,using maps and simulating race training in directioned crosscountry race,this paper analyzes methods and theories to be applied in the training for the National Directioned Crosscountry Race.


A slice method based on the optimal process was put forward and applied to reconfigurable multifunction laser processing system descriped by matrix.This section process system is considered as a whole,which expands regional adaptability to different sections of the material composition of objects.The slice method and thickness were chosed after process optimization.The prototype accuracy and efficiency of processing,physical properties were significantly enhanced.


Cu,Zn doped hexaaluminates(LaCuxZn1-xAl11O19-δ,x=0,0.2,0.4,0.5,0.6,0.8,1.0) were prepared by co-precipitation method and tested for catalytic decomposition of N2O in a miniature fixed bed reactor.Their structure and physicochemical properties were characterized by means of XRD and BET.The results showed that the catalyst prepared using(NH4)2CO3 as precipitation agent had good hexaaluminate phase after calcinations at 1 200 ℃ for 4 h.Cu and Zn were incorporated into the hexaaluminate lattice via good synergic effect.LaCu0.8Zn0.2Al11O19-δ exhibited better catalytic activity for N2O decomposition,with Cu as the active component and Zn as the stabilizing component.Zn had little effect on the catalyst activity due to inherent stability of hexaaluminates.


Purpose To identify ocular parameters corresponding to asymmetric visual field (VF) loss in normal tension glaucoma (NTG) through intereye comparisons. Patients and methods Medical records of NTG patients with asymmetric and symmetric VF losses were retrospectively reviewed. The criterion for asymmetry in VF was 6 dB difference of mean deviation. Refractive error, intraocular pressure (IOP), central corneal thickness, ovality index, and peripapillary atrophy (PPA)/disc area ratio were obtained from each patient. Intereye comparison was performed for asymmetric group, symmetric group, and myopic and nonmyopic asymmetric subgroups. Results We included 155 patients; 110 patients in asymmetric group and 45 patients in symmetric group. In intereye comparison for total asymmetric group, refractive error (P = 0.006), initial IOP (P = 0.001), ovality index (P = 0.008), and PPA (P < 0.001) were significantly asymmetric. For myopic subgroup, refractive error (P = 0.004), ovality index (P = 0.001), and PPA (P = 0.003) were significant factors. For nonmyopic subgroup, initial IOP (P = 0.003) and PPA (P = 0.007) were significant factors. Symmetric group showed no significant difference between the eyes. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that refractive error (P = 0.002) and PPA (P = 0.028) were significant factors in myopic subgroup, and initial IOP (P = 0.022) and PPA (P = 0.002) were significant factors in nonmyopic subgroup. Conclusions In this intereye comparison, the more myopic eye in myopic NTG patient, and the more pressured eye in nonmyopic NTG patient demonstrated more severe VF loss. Myopic and nonmyopic patients may follow different pathophysiologic processes. Discriminative attentions should be paid to NTG patients by subtypes.


Teaching English as a foreign language to primary school children can be challenging due to their linguistic and cognitive limitations. Traditional methods like rote memorization may not be effective or engaging. Interactive games have been proposed as a solution, but there is little research on how students perceive game-based learning and how teachers can incorporate games into language learning curricula. This study examines EFL primary students' attitudes toward three types of interactive games as language learning tools, the impact of game elements on learning outcomes, and the benefits and drawbacks of game-based teaching. The research was conducted in an elementary school in Vietnam and suggests that interactive games can improve EFL learning outcomes in primary school students, but their perception and reaction to this method plays a crucial role in its effectiveness. The study aims to guide the creation of effective language teaching techniques and is relevant to curriculum designers, policymakers, and language teachers worldwide. The research has three main goals: (1) examine EFL primary students' attitudes toward using interactive games to learn English; (2) investigate how game elements affect students' perceptions of game-based learning; and (3) propose ways to improve students' perception of interactive games as a language learning tool. The study has some limitations, such as its focus on Vietnamese EFL primary students and its small sample size. Nonetheless, it contributes to our understanding of how interactive games can enhance EFL learning outcomes in primary school settings by examining students' attitudes, motivations, and enjoyment.


A filter medium (10) for filtering a fluid, in particular for use in a cabin air filter (32) comprises a spunbond material, which is formed at least partially from kreissegmentierten multicomponent fibers (1) with at least a first plastic component (2) and a second plastic component (3) , The multicomponent fibers (1) are largely ungesplittet and for producing kreissegmentierte filaments are spun in a spunbond process (S4) to a spunbond material (10). The kreissegmentierten filaments then form the multicomponent fibers (4), wherein the first plastic component (2) and / or the second plastic component (3) insbsondere consist of a polypropylene.


Vascular complications after total hip arthroplasty (THA) are rare and mainly occur after revision surgery, and of these complications, large artery thrombosis is relatively uncommon. Nevertheless, this complication has potentially devastating effects on the affected lower extremity. The authors report a case of acute thrombosis in an iliac artery stent and femoro-popliteal bypass graft after primary cementless THA, and include relevant literature review.


Diploma theme named "Gets labor a positive motivation to the prisoners'q is divided to two parts. Theoretic part deals with employment fixate to labor problems as a whole. Application part deals with reality employing problems of prisoners. This theme describe specific situation in prison, reside in Přibram. Target of this theme is confront common experiences from theory production cycle in civil world with particularity of prisoner's labor in prison service.


Food intake and appetite-related behaviours are important for survival of an organism. The acquisition and consumption of food is regulated by a complex network of neural circuits. The central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA) is an important brain region in which emotionallyrelevant salient environmental stimuli are integrated and which orchestrates behavioural responses to those stimuli. To-date, the CeA has been most rigorously studied in the context of aversive behaviours including fear and anxiety. However, despite considerable evidence for the CeA as a modulator of appetitive behaviour, the CeA neural players and associated circuits that underlie these behaviours are poorly understood. Here, I have identified a population of CeA neurons that express the serotonin receptor Htr2a. Activity of these cells promotes food consumption in the absence of homeostatic deficit, and functionally antagonize CeA proteinkinase Cδ (PKCδ)-expressing neurons that reduce food intake. Importantly, activity of CeAHtr2a neurons promotes increased food consumption but not food-seeking behaviour. This was corroborated by in vivo calcium (Ca2+) imaging experiments, which showed that these neurons are active during eating but not food seeking. Additional experiments revealed that activity of CeAHtr2a neurons is positively reinforcing, suggesting that activity of the neurons sustains ongoing eating behaviour. Finally, this positive reinforcement signal appears to modulate the positively rewarding properties of food such that activity of CeAHtr2a neurons promotes ongoing food consumption. At the neural circuit level, efferent projections from CeAHtr2a neurons to the parabrachial nucleus (PBN) promote food consumption and positive reinforcement. Together,


: Applications of methods from theory of inverse problems to learning from data are studied. It is shown that learning modeled as minimization of error functionals can be reformulated in terms of inverse problems defined by evaluation and inclusion operators. Methods from theory of inverse problems are used to create a theoretical framework for study of behavior of error functionals, to obtain simple proofs of characterizations of their argminima, and to get some insight into an effect of regularization on improving generalization. Moreover, investigation of learning from data in the context of theory of inverse problems shows usefulness of the choice of Hilbert spaces defined by kernels (called reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces) as suitable ambient function spaces. Abstract Applications of methods from theory of inverse problems to learning from data are studied. It is shown that learning modeled as minimization of error functionals can be reformulated in terms of inverse problems defined by evaluation and inclusion operators. Methods from theory of inverse problems are used to create a theoretical framework for study of behavior of error functionals, to obtain simple proofs of characterizations of their argminima, and to get some insight into an effect of regularization on improving generalization. Moreover, investigation of learning from data in the context of theory of inverse problems shows usefulness of the choice of Hilbert spaces defined by kernels (called reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces) as suitable ambient function spaces.


JOHNE'S disease, a chronic granulomatous enteritis of ruminants and camelids caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP), is a major cause of economic losses in the cattle industry ([Johnston and others 2004][1]). There have been discussions in Europe regarding


Almost all recent mobile phones are equipped with multiple sensors, such as cameras, GPS, and accelerometers. By exploiting the sensing features, we capture many different events and share them over the mobile network. One of the most important challenges for such a participatory sensing system is the reduction of the battery consumption of the mobile device because the sensing task usually runs as a secondary task and should not disrupt the primary tasks of the mobile phone, such as phone calls. We overcome this problem by compressing the sensed data and sending a minimum amount of data over the wireless link. The compressed sensing (CS) technique is used for this compression with simple matrix operations at the mobile side, and the CPU-intensive reconstruction is performed on the resource-rich machine on the network side. In this paper, we validate this idea by implementing it on the iPhone/iPod platform. Since CS is a lossy compression technique, the reconstructed signal contains errors depending on the degree of sparseness of the original signal. We show that our system can reduce power consumption by approximately 16% compared with ZIP compression, and evaluate the reconstruction error using real sensing data of 86 test subjects.


Finding a better way to enhance the current undergraduate clinical medical education and management as well as developing innovation have already been one of the most challenging question in front of medical educators.Shanghai Jiaotong University First Affiliated People's Hospital implements a model for undergraduate medical students under the premise of a two-way choice.In this model undergraduate mentors are arranged to help students make and put their own development plan into force according to their personality.And a conclusion is made, which plays an obviously positive role in developing students' research and innovation ability.


An array of distributed oscillators for millimeter-wave phased arrays combines local oscillator (LO) generation and distribution, leading to a phase noise improvement proportional to the number of array elements. The unit "hybrid wave" oscillator (HWO) consists of a rotary traveling-wave oscillator with quadrature outputs, coupled to the other units through standing-wave oscillators. A phase noise analysis for distributed oscillators based on impulse-sensitivity functions (ISF) is introduced and applied to study the proposed oscillator and arrays of it. A standalone oscillator and a 4-elements array implemented in a 65 nm CMOS technology have a measured phase noise of -125 dBc/Hz and -131 dBc/Hz respectively at 10 MHz from the 52 GHz carrier. Each unit consumes 36 mW corresponding to a FoM of -183.7 dBc/Hz. The tuning range is from 51.9 to 56.5 GHz.


INTRODUCTION The strategic partnership as a type of bilateral relations has a deep character, which is not limited only by the foreign trade relations, but has certain systemic features and demonstrates a dynamic development both on quantitative and institutional level with the general aim to harmonize the bilateral economic development. As said above, the regional economic integration must take place at the initial stages of strategic partnership between countries. The secondary objective of strategic partnerships is to ensure the structural and balanced economic development of partner countries. From the point of view of internationalization, the definition of strategic partnership is considered as a level of cooperation between countries, within which the common goals are achieved and common interests are agreed. At the regional level of the systemic hierarchy, strategic partnership is considered as the collaboration between companies and organizations, that share common goals and strive to achieve them 1 .


FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: there is offered application of antagonist of angiotensin (II) (ATP) type 1 receptor or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt, particularly Candesartan, Candesartan cylexetyl, Losartan, Valsartan, Irbesartan, Ta-sosartan, Telmisartan and Eprosartan for making a medical product for prevention of stroke, or for making a medical product for prevention of diabetes, or for making a medical product for prevention of congestive heart failure (CHF) in the patient with high risk of cardiovascular attack in view of the previous history of coronary heart disease, stroke or peripheral arterial disease. EFFECT: there is shown apparent reduction of number of patients with developed stroke, diabetes or CHF, thus in the beginning of study, the patients had normal or lowered blood pressure and no CHF signs. 9 cl, 1 ex


The growing problem of antibiotic resistance and the lack of promising prospective antibiotics have forced us to search for new classes of antibiotics. Among the candidates to develop into future a ...


An imaging instrument that can replace mechanically scanning photometers in ground based auroral photometry has been developed. The instrument utilizes a Reticon photodiode array, 1*1024 pixels, coupled with fiber optics to a second generation image intensifier. The optics are a telecentric design allowing for 170° field of view (FoV) with narrow‐band interference filters. Peltier element cooling is found to be sufficient to neglect dark current noise for 1‐s integration time. The whole system is controlled by a computer via the IEEE‐488 bus. Initial results and instrument performance are reported.


Based on the fact that anisotropy characteristic represents some intrinsic properties of scattering centers, an algorithm for extracting anisotropy characteristic of scattering centers is proposed when wide-angle SAR is used. Firstly, the components of the echo from a single scattering center are analyzed based on attributed scattering center model. Secondly, the estimation of anisotropy characteristic is transformed into an inverse issue of solving variation of single scattering center's amplitude by using identity matrix as orthonormal basis. Finally, the inverse issue is solved under the constraints that the amplitude of scattering centers should be real and continuous. As a result, anisotropy characteristic is extracted from the solution of the inverse issue. Estimation results of both Matlab simulated and electromagnetic computation data validate that the proposed algorithm is not only precise but also robust. Moreover, the proposed method is more efficient compared with traditional methods.


Sharia Bank is a commercial bank conducting business based on sharia principles in its activities providing payment services in the traffic. Products offered by Islamic banks themselves are not much different from conventional banks offer. Its just the Islamic bank interest but did not subscribe systems sharing system. One product of Islamic bank is Mudharabah deposits. In this case, the authors are interested to know a clear picture of deposits mudharabah especially those applied by the Bank Muamalat Indonesia and Bank Syariah Mandiri. How do the calculation for results that apply both banks and which is most favorable in terms of profit sharing to its customers. From the calculation, it was possible for the customer received the second mudharabah Islamic bank deposits are not significantly different.


This paper evaluates in AWGN and dense multipath environments several time acquisition algorithms for digital pulsed UWB receivers sampling below Nyquist Rate for high speed communication. As UWB systems imply severe implementation challenges, we perform an interdisciplinary analysis of the design space by associating the system level assessment with an implementation perspective. Several architectures of the proposed algorithms have been rapidly prototyped on FPGA using a state-of-the-art design flow which can be extended to ASIC design.


The objective of this experiment was to evaluate whether high pressure processing(HPP)influent eating quality when using as preservative methods in smoked ham.Slices of cooked vacuum-packaged ham were submitted to high pressure treatments at 400,600MPa for 10min at room temperature(22℃)and then stored at 4℃ along with controls(not treated samples,NT).Color,free fatty acids and lipid oxidation were determined at 1,15,30,45d after treatment,respectively.Results showed that HPP treated samples could maintain their original bright color,however,the NT samples faded apparently.Changes of free fatty acid but changes were not significant after HPP treatment.At the beginning of the storage period,TBARS values were not changed significantly both in HPP and NT samples.However during the following 45d,TBARS values of HPP samples increased slightly,but the maximum TBARS values were less than 0.5mg/100g during the whole storage.HPP could not cause significantly changes in color and free fatty acid,as well as lipid oxidation of sliced cooked ham.Free fatty acid composition and original bright color could be maintained.


The tragic death of Dr. Vincent Coates has deprived the West Country of a well-known and distinguished figure. Although he himself was born in Edinburgh, all his family associations were with the West Country. His grandfather, Dr. C. M. Coates, was a well-known physician in Bath, while his father, Dr. C. Middleton Coates, spent all his professional life in Somerset. Vincent Coates himself had carried on a successful


We present new BVRI photoelectric photometry of long-period Cepheids in the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds. Period-luminosity relations based on both time-averaged and single, random-phased data are discussed, and it is shown that at wavelengths longward of the R bandpass the randomly phased data should give a spread at fixed period which is always less than the time-averaged B period-luminosity relation. Single-epoch data for five Cepheids measured in CCD exposures of a single field in M33 are used to illustrate the power of the random-phase period-luminosity relation for the Cepheid distance scale.


In this paper an extended study of the combinatorial optimization technique known as simulated annealing (SA) applied to the minimum weight design of plane trusses subject to a multiple loading case is reported. The main tool for this study was a modular program developed in C where the truss structure may be optimized over an N-dimensional space of continuous values for the member cross sectional areas or a discrete set of chosen values. A new heuristic is introduced in the SA's generation mechanism to perform changes in the topology of the structure while the member cross-sectional areas are minimized, enabling the program to remove the redundant members, for generating reduced structures.


Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a rare genetic disorder also known as a "brittle bone disease." Around 90% of patients with OI harbor loss‐of‐function or dominant negative pathogenic variants in the COL1A1 and COL1A2 genes, which code for collagen type I α1 and α2 chains. Collagen‐related forms of the disorder are classified as Sillence OI types I–IV. OI phenotype expression ranges from mild to lethal. The current study aims to evaluate associations between interfamilial and intrafamilial phenotypic variability and genotype characteristics of patients with collagen‐related OI. The study was based on a systematic review of collagen‐related OI cases from the University of Tartu OI database (n = 137 individuals from 81 families) and the Dalgleish database (n = 479 individuals). Interfamilial variability analysis has shown that 17.74% of all studied OI‐related variants were associated with the same phenotype. The remaining 82.26% of pathogenic variants were associated with variable phenotypes. Additionally, higher interfamilial variability correlated with the COL1A1 gene (P value = 0.001) and dominant‐negative variants (P value = 0.0007). Within intrafamilial variability, 32.81% families had increasing or decreasing OI phenotype severity across generations. Higher intrafamilial variability of phenotypes correlated with the collagen I dominant negative variants (P value = 0.0246). The current study shows that, in line with other phenotype modification factors, OI interfamilial and intrafamilial diversity potential is associated with the genotype characteristics of the OI‐causing pathogenic variants. The results of the current study may advance knowledge of OI phenotype modification as well as assist family planning and the evaluation of disease progression in subsequent generations.


Objective To establish a rabbit in situ lung preservation model for the study on the effectiveness of lung slush solution.Methods Forty New Zealand rabbits were selected as experimental subjects.By left thoracotomy,left superior pulmonary artery was separated and was inserted into a catheter and then left upper lobe was removed.Another catheter was inserted into the left inferior pulmonary vein via left artrial wall.Both catheters were connected to sensors to detect the pressure.After left lung root was clamped,lung flush solution was perfused through the catheter in the left superior pulmonary artery and was drained via the catheter in the left inferior pulmonary vein.The left lower lung lobe was put and stored in a specially made lung container for 2 h.Thereafter,the lung root was declamped for 3 h.After samples were collected,the subjects were executed by euthanasia.Results In the pre experiment stage,5 rabbits out of 10 failed to finish the model establishment due to hemorrhage,with the successful rate of 50%.With the improved technique,at the formal experimental stage,all the 30 rabbit models were set up successfully,and the physiological parameters including blood pressure,heart rate and body temperature during operation were all stable compared with pre operation ( P 0.05). Conclusion Rabbit in situ lung preservation model,as an ideal model to investigate the effect of lung slush solution,is simple,physiological,stable,safe and practical.


The ongoing ban on Turkish vegetables is hardly no ceable for the Russian citizens due to insignificant volumes of supplies. During the summer months, demand for this type of product will be met by domestic production and shipments from the EAEU partners – Armenia, Kazakhstan, and Kirgizia. The ban on shipments of tomatoes and cucumbers has produced diff erent results for Turkey. Exports of tomatoes as long-lived commodity were redirected to other countries. The producers of cucumbers have suffered considerable losses: exports have fallen by 40% (Russia's share in Turkish export cons tuted 50%).


Introduction: Knowledge about the relation between the floor of the maxillary sinus and the teeth\area considered an important and essential for dental practitioners for the planning of many surgical procedures in this area.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the level of maxillary sinus floor in dentulous, edentulous and free end cases among Malay population based on gender, and age by using panoramic radiographs.
Methods: Sample size was 364 cases including 118 dentulous, 192 edentulous, and 54 free ends. Measuring the distance between maxillary sinus floor and either root apices of upper posterior teeth or residual ridge in dentulous cases, edentulous and free end cases, and study the relation of this distance with gender and age.
Results: The distance in dentulous have no relation to the age and gender and vice versa in edentulous and free end cases.
Conclusion: The distance not affected by age and gender in dentulous cases, while it is effective in edentulous and free end cases.


Compared to other subjects of interest to the stomatologist, only a few papers of practical value have appeared on this subject as yet. Various experiments, and conclusions drawn therefrom, are scattered throughout medical literature, but these are of no great practical value, as the investigations were carried on at different times, under varying conditions and on different subjects. The task which the writers have undertaken is to study the saliva in a number of systemic diseases under as analogous conditions as possible, which is rendered more difficult by the fact that the literature existing on the subject is so little congruous and the results so far obtained are at a great variance. For example, if we study the investigations of the saliva in febrile conditions, what a chaos confronts us. If investigators do not agree on the modifications of the salivary secretion in so ordinary a condition as a


In 1889, A. A. Markov proved the following inequality: INEQUALITY 1. (Markov [4]). If pn is any algebraic polynomial of degree at most n then where ‖ ‖A denotes the supremum norm on A. In 1912, S. N. Bernstein established INEQUALITY 2. (Bernstein [2]). If pn is any algebraic polynomial of degree at most n then for x ∈ (a, b). In this paper we extend these inequalities to sets of the form [a, b] ∪ [c, d]. Let Π n denote the set of algebraic polynomials with real coefficients of degree at most n. THEOREM 1. Let a < b ≦ c < d and let pn ∈ Π n. Then for x ∈ (a, b).


This study aimed to determine the strategy of developing a tourism village based on cultural tourism in Bantiran Village. This research uses descriptive qualitative research, by using the interview method, observation and documentation to collect data. The resource persons were taken from the Bendesa Adat of Bantiran Village. The results showed that Bantiran Village has a lot of tourism potential that can be developed by looking at its unique and religious culture. For this reason, cultural tourism in Bantiran Village can be developed by inviting the community to participate in the tourism village development strategy through Culture in Bantiran Village, disseminating to the community, especially those who work in the world of tourism to promote and provide knowledge on how to promote and develop tourist villages. In addition to this, village officials will support providing creative, innovative ideas to the community, preparing facilities such as home stay. It is hoped that this research can be useful for Bantiran Village in developing a village culture-based tourism village.


Abstract A new triazole compound, C46H46N10O2S2, has been synthesized, and the crystal structure was determined by a single crystal X-ray diffraction study. The fungicidal activity of the title compound was determined, and the results showed that it displays moderate fungicidal activity. Supplemental materials are available for this article. Go to the publisher's online edition of Phosphorus, Sulfur, and Silicon and the Related Elements to view the free supplemental file. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT


In mammals, polysialic acid (polySia) attached to a small number of transmembrane protein carriers occurs on the surface of plasma membranes of neural, cancer, immune, and placental trophoblast cells. Here, our goal was to demonstrate the presence of polySia on exosomes and its effect on membrane properties. We isolated exosomes and found that polysialylated exosomes in fetal bovine serum originate mostly from placental trophoblasts, while in calf bovine serum, they originate from immune cells. Enzymatic removal of polySia chains from the exosomal surface makes the membrane surface potential more positive, transmembrane potential more negative, and reduces the activation energy for membrane anisotropy changes. We demonstrate for the first time that exosomes could interact through polySia–raft interactions. We suggest that polysialylation of exosomal membrane can have a thermo‐protecting effect and can modulate exosome–plasma membrane interactions.


This paper presents the first experimental demonstration on microfluidic metasurface which can be individually controlled for electromagnetic modulator. The polarization state and intensity of reflected light can be actively modulated in a wide range of frequency (86% of central frequency). In addition, the intensity of cross polarized light in reflection can be significantly modulated, in which the modulation depth is nearly 100% for the whole frequency range. Such proposed dynamic metasurface is a good candidate for many practical applications such as tunable imaging system and optical components.


Since 1981, the U.S. Department of Energy and Power Reactor and Nuclear Fuels Development Corporation (PNC) of Japan have sponsored a two-phase collaborative program on operational transient testing in Experimental Breeder Reactor II. The objective of this program is to determine the performance capability of three generations of progressively larger diameter mixed-oxide (MOX) fuel pins during steady-state operation combined with several 15% operational overpower transients that challenge the breaching thresholds of the pins. This paper reports on the phase II progress of second-generation fuel pin irradiation to 15% burnup and third-generation fuel pin irradiation to a moderate burnup of 9%. Test results from the first generation of fuel pins in phase I have been reported previously.


Objective To investigate the molecular characteristics and antibiotic resistance of non-Typhi salmonella isolated from infants. Methods Stool samples were collected from infants with diarrhea in Shanghai to isolate nonTyphi salmonella. The isolated strains' identification,serotyping,molecular subtyping and drug susceptibility test were conducted Results A total of 19 non-Typhi salmonella strains were isolated from 583 infant stool samples,and the majority were Salmonella enterititis and Salmonella typhimurium strains. The PFGE patterns of Salmonella enterititis strains were similar(88. 7%),and were the prevalent patterns of the strains isolated in Shanghai in recent years. The drug susceptibility test showed the antibiotic resistance rate of the strains in this study was 78. 95%(15 /19). The resistance rates to Nalidixic acid(68. 42%),Ampicillin(63. 20%),and the third generation Cephalosporins(40%)were higher than those to other antibiotics,and the resistance rates to Ciprofloxacin( 10. 53%) and Gentamicin(10.53%) were low. In addition,most strains(13) were multidrug resistant. Conclusion The antibiotic resistance of the non-Typhi salmonella isolated from infants with diarrhea was serious,and the differences in drug resistance among the strains with different serotypes and molecular types had no statistical significance.


Following the first regional Measuring Childhood Obesity workshop in May 2006, it was agreed that it would be useful to hold a follow up workshop to discuss the challenges and issues that arose from the childhood obesity measuring.


Anxiety: a guide to biobehavioral diagnosis and therapy for physicians and mental health clinicians , Anxiety: a guide to biobehavioral diagnosis and therapy for physicians and mental health clinicia... , کتابخانه مرکزی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران


Self-monitoring interventions for students with challenging behavior are often teacher-managed rather than self-managed. Teachers direct these interventions by completing parallel monitoring procedures, providing feedback, and delivering contingent reinforcement to students when they monitor accurately. However, within self-monitoring interventions, the degree to which teachers and students agree in their assessment of students' behavior is unknown. In this study, a self-monitoring intervention in which both teachers and students rated the students' behavior, we analyzed 249 fixed interval ratings of behavior from 19 student/teacher pairs to determine the relationship between ratings within and across teacher/student pairs. We found a strong correlation overall (r =.91), although variability existed within individual pairs and student ratings tended to be higher than teacher ratings. We discuss implications for practice, limitations, and future directions.


This paper introduced a new Recycling agriculture model,which was conductive to the development of mountainous area in south Anhui Province,based on special agricultural products in south Anhui Region.


With the upcoming plethora of astronomical time-domain datasets and surveys, anomaly detection as a way to discover new types of variable stars and transients has inspired a new wave of research. Yet, the fundamental definition of what constitutes an anomaly and how this depends on the overall properties of the population of light curves studied remains a discussed issue. Building on a previous study focused on Kepler light curves, we present an analysis that uses the Unsupervised Random Forest to search for anomalies in TESS light curves. We provide a catalogue of anomalous light curves, classify them according to their variability characteristics and associate their anomalous nature to any particular evolutionary stage or astrophysical configuration. For anomalies belonging to known classes (e.g. eclipsing binaries), we have investigated which physical parameters drive the anomaly score. We find a combination of unclassified anomalies and objects of a known class with outlying physical configurations, such as rapid pulsators, deep eclipsing binaries of long periods, and irregular light curves due to obscuration in YSOs. Remarkably, we find that the set of anomalous types differ between the Kepler and TESS datasets, indicating that the overall properties of the parent population are an important driver of anomalous behaviour.


Police responded to a report of burglary in the Stones Rings Close today (26 November 2015) On attending Police located and arrested a 37 year old ...


We find and compare two simple fiscal rules. The first is a theoretical rule that approximates well Ramsey-optimal fiscal policy in a DSGE model calibrated to the U.S. economy over the period 1955:1 to 2007:3; The second is an empirical rule that approximates well actual U.S. fiscal policy over the same period. Our main findings are: First, Ramsey-optimal fiscal policy displays limited volatility even in the presence of sticky prices, while public debt absorbs most of the shocks. Second, actual U.S. fiscal policy is excessively counter-cyclical. Ramsey-optimal fiscal policy is negatively correlated with output over the business cycle, as expansions generate reduction in the level of public debt and the tax rate and vice versa. On the other hand, actual fiscal policy is positively correlated with output as the tax rate is raised during expansions and reduced during recessions. Third, actual fiscal policy is inconsistent with long-run debt sustainability over the period considered. Address of corrisponding author: Luisa Lambertini, , EPFL CDM CFI, ODY 2 01 B, Station 5, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. E-mail: email@example.com ∗Luisa Lambertini acknowledges the hospitality of the Fiscal Policies Division of the European Central Bank. We would like to thank José Maŕın Arcas and Jean-Pierre Vidal for their comments and support. †European Central Bank, Fiscal Policies Division ‡EPFL and Claremont McKenna College


: While recent research has investigated what signals of academic performance govern academics' access to professorships, whether the power of such signals varies across disciplines has to date hardly been examined. We argue that the signaling power of academic achievements depends on the discipline-specific degree of standardization of research and on the spatio-temporal universality of research objects. Using a factorial survey experiment with Germany-based university professors of German studies, selected social sciences, and chemistry, we investigate the suitability of fictitious candidates for a tenured professorship (N respondents = 874, N vignettes = 6354). Across disciplines, we find that the formal qualification, publications and citations, and teaching experience are of primary importance for being considered suitable for a professorship, whereas international experience and connectivity are less important. Cross-level interaction analyses based on the responding professors' discipline reveal that the formal qualification is valued most in German studies and least in chemistry. For third-party funding, we find the opposite pattern. International publications and citations are similarly important in the social sciences and in chemistry, but less important in German studies. Teaching experience is rewarded equally in all disciplines. In sum, our study provides first systematic evidence for the German academic system of how the signaling power of academic achievements varies across the humanities, social, and natural sciences.


versity and Ritsumeikan University in Korea have developed a new technique for growing higher-quality gallium nitride (GaN) layers at temperatures as low as 500°C [In-Su Shin et al, Appl. Phys. Express, vol5, p125503, 2012]. The work developed from the group's previous observations in research directed towards higher-quality indium nitride (InN) and indium gallium nitride (InGaN) growth. The new growth technique uses a pre-deposition of a thin layer of indium that improves the quality of the subsequent GaN. The indium apparently allows the Ga atoms to migrate more easily on the growth front and to become incorporated into the crystal structure. The indium is not incorporated, but rather is swept upward as the GaN layer develops. The researchers see their technique as having potential application for growing large-bandgap GaN layers on narrower-bandgap InGaN. Such structures would be useful in multi-junction solar cells, for example. High-temperature growth on InGaN surfaces is difficult because the indium content then tends to evaporate due to its lower binding energy with nitrogen compared with gallium. The growth temperatures for InN and GaN reflect this: for GaN molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) the normal growth temperature is around 750°C, while the maximum values for InN are 570°C (N-polar) and 470°C (In-polar). Growth of GaN at temperatures consistent with InN tends to result in low-quality polycrystalline layers with large numbers of misfit defects. The researchers used MBE rather than metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD), since MBE allows lower-temperature growth in general. Radio-frequency MBE was performed on 3μm semi-insulating GaN templates previously grown on sapphire substrates using MOCVD. Technology focus: Nitride materials


Summary Allelopathic cover crops are one of the most promising application of allelopathy for weed control and reduce the synthetic herbicides input. Fifty three cover crop plant species (26 leguminous, 19 graminaceous and 8 others) were assessed for the allelopathic activity using Plant Box Method. It was found that leguminous cover crops such as hairy vetch (Vicia villosa) and velvetbean (Mucuna pruriens), graminaceous cover crops, such as oat (Avena sativa) and rye (Secale cereale), certain cultivars of wheat (Triticum aestivum) and barley (Hordeum vulgare) were promising. By bioassay screening, 23 species were selected for field tests. Fall-sown cover crops such as hairy vetch, rye, wheat, oat, grass pea, and mustard are more effective when compared to spring-sown cover crops. Hairy vetch was most promising for the weed control in abandoned fields because of its ability to die off during summer season to make a thick straw-like mulch.


In this work, a well-controllable, direct-write, resistless, and crystallinity-retaining etching process for germanium using a focused electron beam with nanometer resolution has been developed. This process allows for precise, local, and efficient removal of germanium from a surface without showing any spontaneous etching effects. This focused electron beam induced etching process of germanium substrates employs pure chlorine gas as etchant. The presented process was carried out in a conventional scanning electron microscope equipped with a custom-tailored gas injection system. The etch rate of this etching process was observed to be up to 0.32 μm3 min−1 or 12 nm min−1 for an area of 1.5×1.5 μm2. The influence of various etching parameters such as electron beam current, acceleration voltage and chlorine gas flow on the etch rate as well as the shape of the etch pits have been studied systematically by atomic force microscopy analysis. It is demonstrated that etching of amorphous germanium films can be pe...


We propose to implement a two-dimensional version of the work described in Karl Sims's 1994 SIGGRAPH Proceedings paper "Evolving Virtual Creatures." [SIMSa] We will investigate goaldirected genetic algorithms and the dynamics of complex rigid bodies. Our application will generate animations of virtual creatures exhibiting evolved behaviors. The user will specify the characteristics of the environment in which two-dimensional creatures will evolve. An initial random set of creatures will be created and simulated, and those that are successful at specified behaviors will be selected for breeding. Goal behaviors will include jumping, walking, and swimming. Once the program has bred several generations of creatures, survivors may be saved for future examination.


We have discovered that a class of inorganic sulfides [Li2S, (NH4)2S, Na2S⋅9H2O, etc.] imparts excellent electronic properties to GaAs surfaces. The surface recombination velocity at the interface between Na2S⋅9H2O and GaAs begins to approach that of the nearly ideal AlGaAs/GaAs interface. We propose the formation of a robust covalently bonded sulfide layer to explain the favorable electronic quality of such interfaces.


The isolation of Erwiniae from the vagina became positive just before the occurrence of erwiniuria. It is proposed that the appearance of Erwiniae in the vagina is an important indicator in the prediction of urinary tract infection by Erwiniae.


The aim of the paper is to determine empirically through quantitative research the satisfaction levels of employees from the different age generation groups. This focus is on the perceptions of Millennials, Generation Xers and Baby-Boomers in an organisation with a population of 27 611 employees. Structural equation modelling was used to confirm the reliability and validity of the questionnaire and the data was analysed by means of the Kuskall-Wallis test. The results indicate similarities between the three generations, but also significant differences. It appears from the results that management needs to focus on the needs and expectations of the various generations to improve overall employee satisfaction. They should especially note the different expectations and needs of the younger generations. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n21p129


Specimens were fired at SK 14 (1410°C) in a tunnel kiln for 40hours. The measurements of thermal expansion and linear changes of the specimens by reheating were carried out. The crystal phase of the specimens were examined by X-ray analysis. The results obtained are as follows: (1) By the addition of zircon to the mixture of clay and magnesium oxide the following reaction is promoted at about 1400°C,


Oxytocin and vasopressin, released at the soma and dendrites of neurones, bind to specific autoreceptors and induce an increase in [Ca2+]1. In oxytocin cells, the increase results from a mobilisation of Ca2+ from intracellular stores, whereas in vasopressin cells, it results mainly from an influx of Ca2+ through voltage‐dependent channels. The response to vasopressin is coupled to phospholipase C and adenylyl‐cyclase pathways which are activated by V1 (V1a and V1b)‐ and V2‐type receptors respectively. Measurements of [Ca2+]1 in response to V1a and V2 agonists and antagonists suggest the functional expression of these two types of receptors in vasopressin neurones. The intracellular mechanisms involved are similar to those observed for the action of the pituitary adenylyl‐cyclase‐activating peptide (PACAP). Isolated vasopressin neurones exhibit spontaneous [Ca2+]1 oscillations and these are synchronised with phasic bursts of electrical activity. Vasopressin modulates these spontaneous [Ca2+]1 oscillations in a manner that depends on the initial state of the neurone, and such varied effects of vasopressin may be related to those observed on the electrical activity of vasopressin neurones in vivo.


The article rediscovers and explores Miguel Ozorio de Almeida's important role in the realm of scientific dissemination in Brazil. This little-known facet of his activities has not received the attention it deserves in studies on the history of science in Brazil. Throughout his career, the physiologist gave public conferences and published a number of educational texts, many of which are included in the books Homens e coisas de ciencia; Ensaios, criticas e perfis; and A vulgarizacao do saber. The latter is perhaps the first Brazilian book offering a more systematic discussion of the practice of scientific dissemination, along with its advantages and limitations. Miguel Ozorio also wrote Almas sem abrigo (1933), a novel about the life of a mathematician in Brazil, and, in collaboration with Humberto Mauro, he directed the educational film Fisiologia Geral (1938).


Objective: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common cancer world-wide and is a direct consequence of chronic liver disease, most commonly viral hepatitis, and cirrhosis.  Current therapies for localized disease include surgical resection, locoregional radiologic interventions such as radiofrequency ablation, transarterial chemoemoblization, and in select patients, liver transplantation.  Historically, systemic chemotherapy has been very disappointing and is rarely offered.  Sorafenib is a new oral multi-kinase inhibitor that in the most recent piviotal clincial trial has demonstrated a survival benefit of almost 3 months over placebo.  Sorafenib is now covered by the province via the British Columbia Cancer Agency and this study aims to asses the preliminary BC experience with this drug. Methods: A review was conducted of all patients referred to the British Columbia Cancer Agency with a diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma and we performed retrospective chart review on 30 patients who had received sorafenib. Results: Overall median survival was 7 months, similar to the placebo arm of the pivotal trial.  Discontinuation of medication because of intolerability and disease progression occurred in 23 patients and only 30% were able to take 80% of the optimal dose for a median of 2.8 months.  Analysis of this group revealed that the BC patients had more advanced liver disease and more were non-European compared to the clinical trial. Conclusion: These results underscore the significant differences between the perfect conditions of a clinical trial, including selection of patients, compared to the "real world" of clinical medicine.


explanations. This study provides several empirical findings which expand our knowledge about the determinants that systematically influence the announcement period return. First, contrary to Mann's (1987) findings that revision in Value Line's earnings forecasts prior to the dividend announcement has a large impact on excess returns, our results agree with the information content hypothesis; unexpected dividend change does have an impact on announcement period return. Second, when managers provide a rational explanation for a dividend decrease, the explanation is effectively ignored by investors, and the dividend decrease is directly interpreted as an indication of poor earnings.


Single and multiple dose pharmacokinetics of a pharmaceutical compound (Compound A) have been assessed in blood, plasma, and urine from healthy elderly volunteers. Subjects were assigned to one of three treatment groups with 10 subjects/group. All three groups received a single dose of sesquifumarate salt (Compound Aa) of Compound A on Period 1; Groups I and II received a 5 mg dose and Group III received a 10 mg dose. In Period 2, Group I subjects received 5 mg b.i.d.; Group II subjects received 5 mg t.i.d., and Group III subjects received 10 mg b.i.d. Multiple dose treatment was given for seven days and Periods 1 and 2 were separated by at least seven days. Both blood (WB) and plasma (PL) concentrations were determined using LC-MS/MS. Both assays had a limit of quantitation of 0.1 ng/mL. Urine concentrations were determined with a LC-MS/MS assay having a limit of quantitation of 25 ng/mL. The AUC (0 → 24) and C_max of Compound A increased proportionally after single and multiple doses in both matrices. Steady state was reached before the first dose on Day 7. The accumulation was well predicted across three treatment groups in both matrices. For each b.i.d. group, the average exposure to Compound A after morning dose on Day 7 was increased by approximately two-fold from Day 1. These results demonstrate that C_max and AUC values for Compound A increased in a dose proportional fashion and that the accumulation of Compound A can be predicted based on single dose pharmacokinetics. No apparent effect of dose regimens upon the renal clearance was observed. There was also no significant difference demonstrated for the renal clearance of Compound A between single dose (Day 1) and multiple dose (Day 7). Approximately 4–7% of dose was recovered in urine as unchanged drug (Compound A).


The Crinum zeylanicum complex is divided into 3 species: C. zeylanicum (L.) L. s. str., C. kirku Bak., and C. politifolium Wahlstrom sp. nov. The chromosome numbers found in East African material are 3n = 33, 2n = 22, and 2n = 30 respectively. Outside the region 2n = 22 is also found in C. zeylanicum. Each species has its own basic karyotype. TLC studies of alcaloid content revealed three different patterns. Synonymy, emended descriptions, ecological and phytogeographical data are given. A key to all Crinum species in East Africa is provided.


This note studies the optimality conditions of vector optimization problems involving generalized convexity in locally convex spaces. Based upon the concept of Dini set-valued directional derivatives, the necessary and sufficient optimality conditions are established for Henig proper and strong minimal solutions respectively in generalized preinvex vector optimization problems.


This paper proposes a method that creates a multi-view interactive visualization that allows users to explore connections between garbage collection (GC) generated by Java Virtual Machine (JVM) and latency in applications used in financial transactions. With this tool users can explore large collections of GC and latency events, easily identify important events, and subsequently focus on the relationships and details of such events without losing the "big picture" perspective on the events as a whole. We discuss the impact of this tool on controlling the effects of GC on latency and variability in financial trades with an exchange.


Wireless sensor network consists of set of sensor nodes which is widely used in monitoring purposes. In order to increase the wireless sensor network life time various protocol was developed. In this paper presents a comparative analysis among various protocols to reduce energy consumption within the wireless sensor network. Here we typically analysis leach protocol and is various drawback and how these drawback are used to implement V-LEACH protocol. Keywords— Clustering, Co-operative node, Energy efficiency, LEACH, Wireless sensor network.


Recent analyses have revealed simple relationships between the simultaneously measured mixing ratios of certain stratospheric constituents. In some cases, the relationship appears to be nearly linear, so that measured concentrations of one can be used to predict the other. We argue here that such relationships are to be expected for species of sufficiently long lifetime. Species whose local lifetimes are longer than quasi-horizontal transport time scales are in climatological slope equilibrium, i.e., they share surfaces of constant mixing ratio, and a scatter plot of the mixing ratio of one versus that of the other collapses to a compact curve whose slope at any point is the ratio of the net global fluxes of the two species through the corresponding surface of constant mixing ratio. Species whose local lifetimes are greater than vertical transport time scales are in gradient equilibrium and their mixing ratios display a linear relationship. For species whose atmospheric lifetimes are determined by removal in the stratosphere, the slope of this relationship in the lower stratosphere can be related to the ratio of their atmospheric lifetimes. These statements are illustrated using results from a two-dimensional chemistry-transport model.


Background: Toddlers are our future successor, toddlers also determine the future of the nation. Nutritional problems one of which is a state of stunting short body that is -2SD below the median. Factors affecting the nutritional status is the intake of energy, protein, vitamins A and KADARZI ( conscious family nutrition ). Objective: To identify differences in the level of consumption of energy, protein, vitamins A and KADARZI ( conscious family nutrition ). in stunted and non-stunted children under five Methods: This study used observational method with cross sectional approach. Total sample of 84 children under five. Nutritional status data obtained with the height measurement. Food intake data was obtained through a 24-hour recall. KADARZI ( conscious family nutrition ). data obtained by administering a questionnaire. The statistical test used was the independent test T Test and Test Wilcoxom. Results: Energy consumption is highest in children under five are stunted light energy consumption is 40.5%. whereas the non-stunted children under five highest normal consumption is 76.2%. Highest level of protein intake in infants stunting is normal energy consumption is 57.1% lower than non-stunted children under five highest normal consumption is 66.7%. The level of vitamin A consumption is highest in children under five are stunted normal consumption of vitamin A which is 64.3% higher than non-stunted children under five highest normal consumption is 40.5% . Level KADARZI ( conscious family nutrition ).Good Behavior in children under five years of stunting was 66.6% lwer of stunting children under five years is 83%. The result kolelasi between energy test p = 0.001, p = 0.000 protein, vitamin A p = 0.000 and p = 0.018 KADARZI ( conscious family nutrition ). in children under five stunted and non-stunted. Conclusion: There is a difference in the level of consumption of energy, protein, vitamins A and KADARZI ( conscious family nutrition ). in children under five stunted and non-stunted in Village Teras Kopen District of Boyolali.


Emerging information technologies provide a solid and promising platform to support economic development. In that respect, the information and communication technology sector has been one of Egypt's strongest economic sectors with increasing prospects for job creation, productivity, scalability, impact, and growth. One of the subsets of ICT, the software industry, is gradually becoming more visible, stronger, and mature in terms of output and impact both locally and beyond. Software is arguably the best entry platform for developing nations, like Egypt, into the global ICT production complex. Local companies and startups in the software development space have started their operations over the last decade trying to capture a segment of the regional and global market opportunities. This chapter assesses the developments in the software industry in Egypt and the potential role it can play as a contributor to economic development through the establishment of an export-oriented outsourcing software industry capitalizing on one of Egypt's primary resources, human capital.


Slab low organization control technology mainly includes low temperature poured steel,mould electro-magnetic stirring nucleating agent,and join Johnson mould steel cooling.The slab low organization center equiaxial crystal was analyzed,the formation mechanism of the slab low organization center equiaxial crystal of several control technology and their application in production were introduced,as well as the casting low organization control technology development and application practice,the slab low magnification to high-quality slab process was pushed and the combination of the rapid development of continuous casting industry was promoted.


Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) can still occur in hepatitis C virus (HCV) patients who have achieved a sustained virologic response (SVR), which remains an important clinical issue in the direct‐acting antivirals era. The current study investigated the clinical utility of the aMAP score (consisting of age, male, albumin–bilirubin, and platelets) for predicting HCC occurrence in HCV patients achieving an SVR by direct‐acting antivirals.


Sri Lanka, 'the Paradise of the earth', is blessed under the Law of the Sea to possess 514,000 km 1 of marine resources, in addition to having the highest water bodies: land ratio in the world. Harvesting of resources from deep sea and international waters is hampered by lack of capital as well as technology. A research survey for the determination of available resources has become essential, especially for the management of coastal and offshore resources. Difficulties associated with the management of open access resources under open market economy with easy entry and denied withdrawal even at economic loss is the rule of the day. This is further aggravated by the multi-gear and multi-species problems inherent to fisheries. Lack of boundaries between coastal and offshore resources have led to political decisions resulting in diminished catches with respect to migratory species and, over exploitation of some of the endemic and indigenous species. Non-availability of data with respect to ecosystem imbalances mainly due to illegal fishing, dynamiting, over-fishing, destruction of natural habitats together with unsuitable modern technology imported without any research have led to irreparable damage of these invaluable resources. Brackish water resources have been irretrievably damaged due to irrational river-base diversification schemes, which have been planned with little consideration for environmental protection. The conversion of highly productive lagoons to polluted estuaries as a result of these irrigation schemes has badly affected the sustainable life styles of the coastal populations. Unscientific development of shrimp farming in the sensitive areas with the destruction of the mangrove vegetation has damaged the resource beyond easy recovery. The disruption of the riverine ecosystem by damming and the concurrent unplanned agriculture development has not only polluted the aquatic resources but also led to environmental degradation of the coastal resources. The haphazard introduction of exotic fish even by the state has led to ecosystem imbalances due to parasitism and pathogeneses as well. Sustainable development of agriculture, livestock and fisheries through a holistic integrated approach should be the plan for the new millennium.


Introduction: Communicating with people with dementia during activities of daily living is one of the main challenges for care workers. This study involved modifying the communication style of care workers and examining how this affected the engagement of care home residents with dementia. Methods: Three care worker-resident dyads were video-recorded interacting during their usual morning care routines. We employed an ABAC design. In condition A, care workers communicated as usual. In condition B, care workers altered the way in which they phrased requests, using more ' alpha commands ' . These are de fi ned as ' speci fi c instructions where the required response is clearand possible ' : forexample, " Lift up your right arm. " In condi- tion C, commands were carefully paced, with care workers leaving 5 seconds after each in-struction to allow for a response from the resident before proceeding with a task. Resident responses (engagement) were measured using an adapted form of the Positive Response Scale (PRS). Results: Inter-rater reliability for care-workers ' communications and residents ' responses were 0.86 and 0.60 respectively (Kappaco-ef fi cients). Care workers were able to introduce alpha commands into routine care. The percentage of alpha commands increased from a median of 52% at baseline to a median of 71% (IQR=26.43). Conditions with a greater percentage of alpha commands resulted in higher PRS scores (Spearman r=0.65, p<0.05) across all three dyads. Care workers found it more dif fi cult to introduce paced commands into their care routine as residents often responded too rapidly to observe the communication rules for this condition. Conclusions: This exploratory study found a positive effect of speci fi c instructions of the alpha command type on the engagement of care home residents with dementia. This communication style can easily be taught to care staff and employed in all contexts where com- munication with people with dementiatakes place.


It is demonstrated by our experiment that using the in situ dc magnetron sputtering method, it is possible to prepare high quality YBa2Cu3O7 (YBCO) thin films with substrates facing the region of plasma ring. The effect of oxygen resputtering can be greatly reduced with a high argon‐oxygen working gas ratio and a large target to substrate distance. It is shown that high quality YBCO thin films of more than 60 mm in diameter, that is about the same size of the diameter of the YBCO target, can be prepared with this process. The thin films were characterized by x‐ray diffractometry, and the critical temperatures were determined by both resistive and ac susceptibility techniques.


We provide explicit formulas for the nucleolus of an arbitrary assignment game with two buyers and two sellers. Five different cases are analyzed depending on the entries of the assignment matrix. We extend the results to the case of 2 x m or m x 2 assignment games.


Soon after the introduction of methicillin for the treatment of infections caused by penicillinase-producing staphylococci, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) were isolated. MRSA have acquired the mecA gene which confers clinical resistance to all β-lactam antibiotics. Since their em


The supplier base accounts for a large share of the total cost and technology content of major defense aerospace acquisition programs, such as the F-22 Raptor. Also, a significant share of technological innovation across many industries takes place at the interface between customer companies and their suppliers. This research seeks to determine what incentives, practices, and tools aerospace companies can employ to foster greater innovation across their supplier networks, thereby optimizing weapon systems' performance and affordability. It also attempts to understand how the defense contracting policies of the US government may encourage or act as barriers to innovation in supplier relationships. These questions are addressed through in-depth case studies focused on two major avionics subsystems of the F-22 Raptor. The case studies explore the interactions between the prime contractor, major subcontractors, and sub-tier suppliers involved in the subsystems' design, development, and production. This research highlights the importance of encouraging collaboration and understanding the interdependencies between members of the extended supply chain. Analysis of the case studies suggests that major drivers and enablers of supplier innovation include (1) good two-way communication, (2) joint funding of investment projects, (3) training and support, (4) incentive mechanisms built into contract structures, and (5) appropriate levels of competition. Barriers to supplier innovation include uncertainty about the program's future, concern for secrecy and protection of classified information, the concurrency of design and development efforts with production, and government contracting practices that often fail to reward innovative efforts. Along with modifying some of its funding practices and regulations, the acquisition community can help to spur innovation across the aerospace supplier base by providing support for improvement projects and direct funding of research, development, and technology transfer in critical technology areas. In turn, a more innovative supplier base has the potential to enhance the affordability and reduce the lifecycle cost of ownership of weapon systems in significant ways. Thesis Supervisor: Kirkor Bozdogan Title: Principal Research Associate, Center for Technology, Policy, and Industrial Development


Atrial fibrillation (AF) alters left atrial (LA) hemodynamics, which can lead to thrombosis in the left atrial appendage (LAA), systemic embolism and stroke. A personalized risk-stratification of AF patients for stroke would permit improved balancing of preventive anticoagulation therapies against bleeding risk. We investigated how LA anatomy and function impact LA and LAA hemodynamics, and explored whether patient-specific analysis by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) can predict the risk of LAA thrombosis. We analyzed 4D-CT acquisitions of LA wall motion with an in-house immersed-boundary CFD solver. We considered six patients with diverse atrial function, three without a LAA thrombus (LAAT/TIA-neg), and three with either a LAA thrombus (removed digitally before running the simulations) or a history of transient ischemic attacks (LAAT/TIA-pos). We found that blood inside the left atrial appendage of LAAT/TIA-pos patients had marked alterations in residence time and kinetic energy when compared with LAAT/TIA-neg patients. In addition, we showed how the LA conduit, reservoir and booster functions distinctly affect LA and LAA hemodynamics. While the flow dynamics of fixed-wall and moving-wall simulations differ significantly, fixed-wall simulations risk-stratified our small cohort for LAA thrombosis only slightly worse than moving-wall simulations.


A relative data sequence represented by a combination of symbols and the transition time interval, also to provide a likelihood estimator or the like in consideration the transition time interval. A likelihood estimating apparatus 100 according to the present invention includes an input unit 101 for accepting input of data sequences to be expressed by a combination of symbols and the transition time interval, a parameter 111 that represents a particular statistical model data series a storage means 104 for storing to, and a likelihood calculation unit 110 for calculating the likelihood for the data series of the statistical model using the parameters, the output means 105 for outputting the calculated likelihood by the likelihood calculation unit provided. .FIELD 1


Purpose. To analyze the clinical and functional results of vitreoretinal operations in patients with type II diabetes mellitus and diabetic retinopathy (DR).Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of vitreoretinal surgery outcomes in DR was performed in 421 patients (421 eyes), with type II diabetes mellitus and DR, with no previous history of retinal laser coagulation. The follow-up period was at least 4 years. Patients were divided into two groups depending on the postoperative course of the disease. Group I included 338 patients (338 eyes) with a single vitreoretinal intervention followed by stabilization of the pathological changes over the whole follow-up period. Group II consisted of 83 patients (83 eyes), ca. 20 % of the cohort, with repeated vitreoretinal operations required by DR progression. In addition, the groups were analyzed according to the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA).Results. The initial BCVA of less than 0.1 was noted in 69 % of cases in Group I with a single surgery while that in Group II claimed 80.7 % of cases. By the 6th month, BCVA values revealed an average increase from 0.05 to 0.20 in Group I and an average increase from 0.05 to 0.08 in group II. In Group I, at the end of the follow-up the mean BCVA remained stable and was higher than before the operation, while in Group II it dropped and remained significantly lower than in Group I. Also, by the end of the follow-up the patients given a single vitreoretinal intervention whose BCVA was below 0.1 showed an increase in the mean BCVA value, whilst those with initial BCVA of 0.4–0.6 showed BCVA stabilization. Patients with repeated operations and initial BCVA below 0.1 showed no noticeable BCVA changes but those with BCVA 0.1–0.6 revealed a drop.Conclusions. Modern technologies of vitreoretinal surgery of severe DR stages ensure a stable anatomical outcome following a single surgery in 80 % of cases, a stable functional result in 59 % of cases. In 20 % of cases, relapses and the need for repeated operations are associated with the initially more pronounced diabetic alterations of the retina, probably due to the patients' late referral. Timely detection of DR and referral of such patients to a specialized ophthalmology center is a necessary task.


This paper describes the progress and interim findings of research at the MSI Research Institute at Loughborough University concerned with: consolidating and developing modelling methods and tools, which support the design and implementation of integrated systems; and identifying requirements for modelling `resources', to support the engineering of manufacturing enterprises. The research is funded jointly by the CDP committee of EPSRC and UK industry and is being advanced in conjunction with a consortium of manufacturing user organisations and their software and system suppliers. (11 pages)


Abstract The subject of investigation was 13,828 people who took periodical medical examiner in some health examination centers two times in 2009 and 2011 so as to analyze changes of borderline group, disease group for 4 diseases(hypertension, diabetes, liver disease, hyperlipemia) and health behavior of some medical examiner. For the contents of investigation, drinking and smoking habit was investigated as a general characteristic of subjects. For the items of health examination, there were SBP, DBP, AST, ALT, GGT, Glucose, Total Cholesterol and Triglyceride. The main results are as follows. In comparison with the starting year of research, drinking and smoking rate of the final year was reduced respectively by 1.6% and 1.4%. And, borderline group by examination items, hypertension was reduced by 2.2% from 62.0% to 59.8% in the final year in comparison with the starting year of investigation, And, fasting blood glucose was 17.1%, hyperlipemia was 6.6%, LFT was 2.0% for the reduction. In disease group, hypertension was reduced by 0.6% from 6.7% to 6.1%. And, fast blood glucose was 1.9%, hyperlipemia was 4.2%, LFT was 1.3% for reduction. Borderline group showed more reduction in comparison with disease group in all of items. The above results showed borderline group showed more reduction of manifestation rate than disease group in all of 4 diseases. Therefore, it's expected that disease group will show reduction in the future. But, it's necessary to study on future's changes through the continuous management and tracing observation.


Infertility is one of the most concerning issues in contemporary medicine. Infertility occurs in more than 40% of patients with benign ovarian tumors, and most of tumor-like lesions are represented by functional ovarian cysts. To date, there are different opinions about the impact of functional ovarian cysts on the effectiveness of assisted reproductive technology programs. This review is devoted to the peculiarities of managing in vitro fertilization programs in the presence of functional ovarian cysts. Epidemiological data on the prevalence of functional ovarian cysts in patients with infertility are presented. The pathogenetic mechanisms of functional ovarian cyst formation and their influence on the outcome of assisted reproductive technology programs are considered. Particular attention is paid to various approaches to their treatment prior to an in vitro fertilization, as well as to their impact on program outcomes. Key words: functional ovarian cysts, treatment, assisted reproductive technologies, in vitro fertilization, ovulation stimulation


Three-dimensional Instability of Internal Gravity Wave Beams Takeshi Kataoka and T. R. Akylas Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology email@example.com Abstract The stability of isolated and interacting internal gravity wave beams to three-dimensional perturbations is studied, based on the beam–mean-flow interaction equations derived in Kataoka and Akylas (2015). These two-dimensional states are found to be unstable as a result of modulational instability, a purely inviscid mechanism, as well as due to a streaming effect brought about by viscous attenuation along the beam propagation direction. Introduction Internal gravity wave beams (IGWB) are time-harmonic plane waves with general spatial profile. Such disturbances are manifestations of the anisotropy of internal wave motion in fluids with continuous vertical stratification, and may be regarded as the analogues of cylindrical wavefronts in isotropic media. IGWB are of considerable geophysical interest, as they form the backbone of the internal tide in oceans and can also arise in the atmosphere due to thunderstorms. Most prior studies of IGWB have focused on two-dimensional (2D) disturbances in an inviscid Boussinesq fluid with constant buoyancy frequency. Under these flow conditions, isolated uniform IGWB happen to be exact nonlinear states irrespective of the beam profile (Tabaei and Akylas 2003), and significant nonlinear interactions may occur in connection with reflections at boundaries and possibly due to collisions of beams (Tabaei et al. 2005). However, the three-dimensional (3D) propagation of IGWB differs fundamentally from its 2D counterpart: 3D variations enable resonant transfer of energy, through the action of Reynolds stresses, to the flow mean vertical vorticity, resulting in strong nonlinear coupling between an IGWB and its induced mean flow. This 3D interaction mechanism is governed asymptotically by two coupled nonlinear amplitude equations (Kataoka and Akylas 2015, hereinafter referred to as KA), which account for the observed strong horizontal mean flow accompanying a forced 3D IGWB in laboratory experiments (Bordes et al. 2012). According to this theoretical model, the mean flow VIII th Int. Symp. on Stratified Flows, San Diego, USA, Aug. 29 - Sept. 1, 2016


Analysis of thermoelectric and galvanomagnetic properties is carried out for solid solutions (Bi, Sb)2(Te, Se, S)3  with various substitutions of atoms in sublattices of basic Bi 2Te3 compound. The increase in thermoelectric figure of merit Z is observed in the compositions with a weak anisotropy of charge carriers in mirror plane. In addition, relaxation time tensor component along trigonal direction (tau33), which is perpendicular to a direction of crystal growth, decreases in comparison with components along binary (tau11) and bisector (tau 11) directions


Trichotillomania in children is not a common occurrence. It appears to occur more frequently in girls than in boys, however, and cuts across all ages and a wide range of nosological categories. Emotional deprivation in the maternal relationship during early years appears to contribute significantly to the development of the symptom, with the most intense conflict between the child and the original love object. Trichotillomania as a symptom may take on different meanings at different levels of development, with the original meaning becoming obscured and less significant in later years.