The wireless hearing instruments network (WHIN) operates in the unlicensed 2.4 GHz frequency band where other wireless technologies are coexisted, and it is very crowded. The wireless binaural communication in the WHIN is most challenging due to very low power communication, and the shadowing of the human head. We propose a combined slow and fast Frequency Hopping (SFFH) scheme to select optimal transceiver channels in the wireless network to adapt to the interference environment and individual characteristic of the wireless channel. The simulation results and the preliminary field tests show that our proposed method significantly outperforms conventional strategies, especially when the traffic load is high.


UrbanSim is a software-based simulation system designed to support planning and analysis of urban development. Applied to several US metropolitan areas, it has proved to be a very powerful and efficient tool in this context. Nevertheless, recent UrbanSim applications in Europe outline the necessity to adapt the available modelling platform and to develop new tools consistent with the characteristics of European cities. The project Sustaincity (www.sustaincity.eu) will develop such tools, based on the UrbanSim modelling platform. European cities display strong contrasts with respect to US agglomerations. Firstly, they are denser and more compact than Anglo-american cities. Secondly, they are concentric, while in US agglomerations have developed according to grid plans. Finally, they show up a different social geography. The latest UrbanSim version (version 4.2.2) enables parcel based applications that are more suitable for European cities. Those parcel based applications have data requirements that differ from grid cell based applications. The available data gathered for the three case studies of Bruxelles, Zurich and Paris allow running the parcel based applications. .


Abstract:

The physiological responses of two Hong Kong acorn barnacles, Tetraclita japonica and T. squamosa differed under identical heat stress conditions. Both species experienced increased body temperature and mantle water osmolality with higher temperatures and prolonged emersion time. Species comparisons however, showed that T. japonica had warmer body temperatures and more concentrated osmolality than T. squamosa. The difference in response to heat stress suggests a strategic mechanism in accordance with their microhabitat and vertical distribution on Hong Kong shores. Mid-intertidal T. japonica response may be indicative of a water retention strategy to combat longer emersion periods with higher desiccation risk whereas low-intertidal T. squamosa respond more effectively at reducing body temperature to alleviate potentially acute heat damage. Understanding these differences may help in predicting differential effects of climate change on the future abundance and distribution of these species.

Popular science summary:

Can everyone handle the heat?

As humans, most of us enjoy time in the sun and often take vacations to seek warmer climates. However, with more pleasant climates comes much heeded caution. Over exposure to high temperatures and sun can be permanently damaging to our physiology and health. With lengthy periods in the sun we can become dehydrated and our skin can burn under damaging UV rays. Fortunately, we have the behavioural sophistication to cope with these damaging factors and protect ourselves from sudden changes in climate, usually through rehydration of simply avoidance.

My study looks at organisms lacking the mobility to evade such harmful climatic conditions during periods of prolonged heat stress. The study organisms examined are barnacles, crustaceans found fixed to hard substrate in intertidal rocky shores around the world. On tropical shores we find different species of barnacle between shore heights. My study aimed to investigate the tolerance of two different barnacle species to heat stress based on their vertical distributions on rocky shores.

Several hundred barnacles were removed using hammers and chisels from intertidal rocky shores in Hong Kong. Barnacle species Tetraclita squamosa were removed from low shores whilst Tetraclita japonica were removed from a slightly higher position. A series of experiments were designed to explore the physiological responses of these species under different environmental simulations, mimicking the conditions found on typical tropical rocky shores. By exposing these animals to a wide range of heat stress scenarios, a data set of physiological responses was recorded to indicate how each species responds differently.

The results showed that barnacle species from the lower shore, T. squamosa maintained lower body temperatures over time at different temperatures but greater water loss. In contrast higher shore T. japonica showed warmer body temperatures but greater water retention. Given their distributions on rocky shores, the lower barnacle species experience a more frequent interaction with water and less exposure to direct sun. Taking this into account, along with the physiological data collected we could speculate a difference in adaptive mechanisms of barnacles to heat stress at different shore heights.

Ultimately we concluded that barnacles that inhabit a moister environment lower on the shore would opt to relieve body temperature through evaporative water loss mechanisms rather than hold water. Unsurprisingly, when these barnacles experienced longer periods outside water there physiology could not tolerate the excessive water loss. On the other hand, the higher shore T. japonica retain water at the cost of higher body temperatures, enabling them to tolerate the heat stress for longer.

Using these findings we can try to predict the future ecology of these species and others like them in terms of future climate change. We have seen that based on shore distribution certain organisms are able to tolerate present day climate. However, with potential temperature increase many species may not be able to handle their new environment thus resulting in widespread distribution and abundance shifts in intertidal zones around world.

Advisor: Per Carlsson and Gray A. Williams
Master´s Degree Project 30 credits in Marine Ecology. 2012
Department of Biology, Lund University and SWIRE Institute of Marine Science, University of Hong Kong


We model a dynamic monopoly with environmental externalities,investigating the adoption of a tax levied on the firm's instantaneous contribution to the accumulation of pollution. The latter process is subject to a shock, which is i.i.d. across instants. We prove the existence of an optimal tax rate such that the monopoly replicates the same steady state welfare level as under social planning. Yet, the corresponding output level, R&D investment for environmental friendly technologies and surplus distribution necessarily differ from the socially optimal ones.


This research focused on the collaboration-convergence construction of Freire's liberating education and Islamic education systems. These two systems are integrated into a single dimension of education that has spiritual roots. Therefore, this research tries to analyze Paulo Freire's educational thinking, which is elaborated, collaborated, converged, and integrated with Islamic education's theological and philisophical values. This research approach uses a qualitative type of literature study, so it tended to use documentation techniques in collecting its data. The data in this research were analyzed using the interactive analysis of Miles, Hubermann and Saldana. With this method, this research can be more detailed and comprehensive to understand and interpret Freire's liberation education thinking and Islamic education. This research finds that Freire's education system has an axiological basis of secular humanism that can be collaborated and converged with the values of transcendental humanism in Islamic education. From this collaboration-convergence process, an education system has been created. It has an ontological basis and is integrated with theological values. It is also an axiological dimension of trancendental humanism. This education system has a mission to realize transcendental humanism in the educational process so that this system can be referred to as participatory-trancendental education.


The objectives of this study were to determine if cadmium would induce chromosomal aberration, to determine if simultaneous aberration events occurred in somatic and germinal tissue, and to determine an estimated minimum exposure time required for significant chromosomal change. Bone marrow chromosome aberrations, specifically breaks and deletions, were found to increase after acute cadmium exposure both at MTD and normal exposure levels. Subacute exposure also resulted in increased occurrences of breaks, deletions, and despiralization. With longer in vivo exposure to cadmium, bone marrow cells continued to show increased numbers of breaks, as well as a physiological effect, despiralization, and more severe break-related aberrations; rearrangements and pulverization. In spermatocytes of the same animals, gaps, breaks, rearrangements, stickiness, and autosomal univalents were the principle aberrations. Correlation of bone marrow and spermatocyte aberrations indicated that in treated mice significant relationships existed for gaps, breaks, rearrangements, and stickiness in the tissues. An estimate of the minimum exposure time to produce chromosomal damage, based on the acute exposure experiment, would be 6 hours for bone marrow. This was confirmed by the exposure duration experiment. Spermatocytes also had chromosomal damage within 24 hours.


. Abstract An active electronically scanned array radar requires air-to-ground ranging capability to estimate the range between a platform and the ground in the boresight direction. In this paper, a modeling and simulation approach is proposed to assess the performance of air-to-ground ranging under various scenarios. The proposed approach computes the received time-domain mono-pulse signal reflected by the ground. We simulate the coherent and non-coherent processing considering the time and frequency variations of the ground clutter. Furthermore, the effects of the surface clutter environment are analyzed and the compensation of the distortion caused by rolling the platform is simulated. The simulated mono-pulse signal is processed by using a polynomial curve fitting. Accordingly, the air-to-ground ranging performance is numerically assessed under various scenarios in which heterogeneous clutters and man-made targets


A rotating disc apparatus was used to study the dissolution of cholesterol in sodium cholate solutions and ox bile. Drugs with structures that render them capable of lowering interfacial resistance were tested and shown to increase cholesterol dissolution rates in both systems. In sodium cholate solutions, loperamide (3 times 10−4 M) increased the rate of dissolution by over six times, and a similar effect was observed with amitriptyline (3 times 10−3 M), diphenhydramine (3 times 10−3 M), dicyclomine (3 times 10−3 M) and propantheline (3 times 10−3 M). These drugs are as effective as benzalkonium chloride at these concentrations. Amitriptyline, propantheline, dicyclomine and diphenhydramine also increased cholesterol dissolution rates into ox bile. If these drugs are excreted into human bile in sufficient quantities and in an active form they may be able to enhance the speed of cholesterol gallstone dissolution therapy.


A DETAILED SIMULATION OF MULTILANE HIGHWAY FLOW HAS BEEN DEVELOPED, AND APPLIED TO FLOWS OF A MIXTURE OF COMMERCIAL AND PASSENGER VEHICLES ON GRADES AND LEVEL TERRAIN. OVERALL PROGRAM ORGANIZATION AND INFORMATION FOR USERS WISHING TO RUN IT ON A CONTROL DATA CORPORATION 6400 UNDER THE SCOPE 3.1.6 OPERATING SYSTEM IS PRESENTED. SUGGESTED PROCEDURES FOR RUNNING IT ON OTHER SYSTEMS ARE ALSO INCLUDED. EXCEPT FOR ONE SHORT ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE ROUTINE, THE ENTIRE PROGRAM IS WRITTEN IN FORTRAN IV. TO THE EXTENT POSSIBLE, THE PROGRAM WAS WRITTEN TO BE MACHINE INDEPENDENT. COMPUTER WORK SIZE MUST BE 32 BITS OR MORE. ON THE 6400 IT RUNS IN ABOUT 32,000 WORDS IN ADDITION TO THE SYSTEM. ON THE IBM 360 IT IS EXPECTED TO REQUIRE ABOUT 170 K BYTES UNLESS IT IS OVERLAID SO EXTENSIVELY AS TO SERIOUSLY DEGRADE RUNNING TIME. THE SIMULATION PROGRAM HAS THREE PARTS. THEY ARE PROGRAM I, CONSISTING OF ABOUT 1,400 SOURCE CARDS; PROGRAM II, CONSISTING OF ABOUT 6,000 SOURCE CARDS; AND PROGRAM III, CONSISTING OF THREE PARTS OF ABOUT 1,200 SOURCE CARDS EACH. /AUTHOR/


The worries & wishes of 14 -19 years-old adolescents of Abadeh, Bavanat & Khorambid cities in the north of Fars province are investigated in this research. The wishes & worries are measured by wishes measurement scale (WMS) and Ahwaz worry inventory (AWI) respectively. The Ss consisted of 300 Adolescents (150 girls & 150 Boys) that selected by ratio sampling method. The most important results of project are as following :( 1) there are significant positive correlations between wishes & worries. (2) Girls in comparison with boys have been significantly higher on emotional-psychological and moral-philosophical wishes. Further more, they haven't been different on somatic- physical & social - familial wishes. (3) In self -esteem, vocational, other relations, insecurity, detail problems worries and AWI, girls have been significantly worrier than boys. While in cognitive & future worry factors their situation have not been different. (4). According to the influence of gender on adolescents, worries and wishes for prompting of their mental health should be used in different ways.


A formula for the joint distribution function of two stack filters with common arguments is derived. Using this formula, the joint distribution function of any two samples in the output of a stack filter can be obtained. Here, it is presumed that the input signal is modelled as a sequence of independent random variables. This also allows analytic determination of the autocorrelation function of the output of an arbitrary stack filter.<<ETX>>


The present invention relates to a card (38) comprises a digital display (10), a digital display (10) provided at the node (4), the node (4) defining a central portion of the card. The card (38) further comprises a plastic layer (40), an opaque plastic layer comprising a main portion (42) and the transparent display portion (44). In particular, by offset printing technique, the upper surface of the plastic layer (40) a printed pattern (14). With a thin coating adhered (34) of the transparent film (12) covers the plastic layer (40), wherein a thin coating (34) defines the adhesion interface. An electronic display (10) is fully integrated in the card (38), the graphics (14) printed and exhibit good contrast on the opaque portion of the plastic layer. Further, to obtain good adhesion between all layers of the card.


Nowadays, High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) systems based on Voltage Source Converters
(VSC) are being installed for integrating the energy of individual offshore wind
power plants to the main land AC grid. Moreover, as the number of offshore wind power
plants is increasing, the interconnection of the different links in a multi-terminal grid, to
increase the system
exibility, becomes interesting. In this work, the different elements of
a multi-terminal VSC-HVDC grid are modelled, VSC converters controllers are designed
and the complete system is simulated employing Matlab Simulink to analyse the operation
in different scenarios.


Hyperspectral image (HSI) anomaly detection is an important task in remote sensing domain. In recent years, many scholars have been addicted to constructing deep network-based methods for hyperspectral anomaly detection and have developed numerous related methods. Many of them are designed based on autoencoder, which aims to reconstruct a stable background to identify anomalies. However, these autoencoder-based methods suffer from some problems, such as ignoring the inter-band correlation in HSI. That is, the hyperspectral image presents spectral similarity as well as redundancy between the contiguous bands, which would affect the reconstruction of the HSI. Moreover, the current anomaly detectors lack the use of spatial contextual information that exists in the pixel neighbor region when constructing the detector. To tackle these problems, this study presents a spatial-spectral joint reconstruction with the inter-band correlation based anomaly detector (denoted as SSRICAD) for hyperspectral images. We first divide the original HSI into several sub-HSIs by a band cross-grouping strategy to reduce the redundancy and impose the inter-band correlation constraint into the reconstruction process. Then, an outlier removal constraint is added to alleviate anomaly contamination, which could help rebuild a more stable and pure background component. Finally, spatial information is extracted from the pixel neighbor region to contribute to the spatial-spectral joint reconstruction and further enhance detection performance. Extensive experiments on three benchmark hyperspectral datasets indicate that the proposed SSRICAD can achieve superior performance in anomaly detection.


Time-resolved spectral techniques play an important analysis tool in many contexts, from physical chemistry to biomedicine. Customarily, the label-free detection of analytes is manually performed by experts through the aid of classic dimensionality-reduction methods, such as Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Non-negative Matrix Factorization (NMF). This fundamental reliance on expert analysis for unknown analyte detection severely hinders the applicability and the throughput of these such techniques. For this reason, in this paper, we formulate this detection problem as an unsupervised learning problem and propose a novel machine learning algorithm for label-free analyte detection. To show the effectiveness of the proposed solution, we consider the problem of detecting the amino-acids in Liquid Chromatography coupled with Raman spectroscopy (LC-Raman).


Falconbridge - Societe Mini re du Pacifique Sud engaged KBR to investigate construction of a port for a proposed nickel mine and refinery at Pinjen, Kone Lagoon, 250km north of Noumea on the West coast of New Caledonia. The 4km wide lagoon is connected to the Coral Sea via two deep passes through the barrier coral reef: Passe de Kone and Passe de Pouembout. To build a deep-water port in the lagoon, the dredging of 12 Mm3 of material is required. The Delft3D modeling package was used to examine port feasibility and environmental effects. Navigability and hydrodynamic impacts of the dredging channel were assessed. Most modelling was 2D depth averaged mode. Some plume modelling was layered 3D. Considerable modelling challenges were encountered due to the small tidal range, side shore winds, the presence of large reef platforms at low tide level, and the rapid decline in seabed elevation from low tide level at the coral reef edge to 3000m in the adjacent Coral Sea. A short wave model was coupled to the hydrodynamic model to generate hydrodynamic forcing for the cohesive sediment transport module. This module was used to estimate changes in accretion and erosion rates in the lagoon due to dredging, and dredging maintenance requirements.


Abstract A mathematics question that was asked on the Preliminary Scholastic Aptitude Test was scored incorrectly. This subsequently was discovered and became the subject of national attention. In this article we examine the data generated by this item from almost 830,000 examinees and find that detailed statistical analysis with even this enormous sample size would not have yielded clues to the blunder. The epistemological and practical consequences of this are also discussed.


Objective
To explore the relationship between the serum interleukin-6(IL-6) levels, cecal ligation, perforation(CLP), colon ascendens stent peritonitisc(CASP) and the survival rate of mice during early stage.

Methods
Sixty male BALB/c mice were divided into three groups by using random digits table(20 mice in each group), which were Sham group, CLP group and CASP group. In the CLP group, a midline laparotomy was performed and the cecum was fully exposed with adjoining intestine after complete anesthesia. The cecum was tightly ligated at its base and punctured twice by an 18 G needle. The cecum was then gently squeezed to extrude a small amount of stool from the perforation sites. CASP group was similar to the preoperation preparation and the "open" method of CLP group. After exposure of the ascending colon, the prepared catheter was stitched through the antimesenteric wall into the lumen of the ascending colon and was then fixed with two stitches. Consecutively, the inner needle of the stent was removed and the stent was cut as the prepared site. To ensure the proper intraluminal positioning of the stent, stool was milked from the cecum into the ascending colon and the stent until a small drop of stool appeared. The survival rates of several time points after surgery were observed in each group. Six hours after the surgery, the ELISA was developed for detecting murine serum IL-6 in these three groups and the IL-6 levels of living and dead ones in both CLP and CASP group were compared.

Results
The 72 h survival rates of Sham, CLP and CASP group were 100.0%(20/20), 45.0%(9/20) and 10.0%(2/20) respectively, the differences was statistically significant (χ2=32.970, P<0.01). Compared in pairs, the differences between all three groups were significant (all P values<0.05). Differences in survival were assessed by using Log-rank test, and which had statistical difference (χ2=34.030, P<0.05). On the 6th hour postoperatively, the IL-6 levels of Sham group, CLP group and CASP group were (36.62±10.30)ng/L, (2 443.47±970.50)ng/L, (4 057.93±827.41)ng/L, respectively, with statistical significance (Hc=29.270, P<0.01). The serum IL-6 levels, of the living mice[(1 348.80±276.25)ng/L, 2 100.00 ng/L] were lower than the dead ones[(3 157.29±330.94)ng/L, (4 275.48±512.71)ng/L], 6 h after the surgery, in both CLP and CASP group (tCLP=13.071, P<0.01).

Conclusions
With certain mortalities, these two animal models closely mimic the clinical course of intra-abdominal sepsis. The CLP model mainly emphasizes to stimulate the local peritoneal abscess while the CASP model is similar to diffuse peritonitis. The group with lower serum IL-6 levels 6 h after surgery has higher survival rate 72 h after the operation.

Key words:
Sepsis; Cecal ligation and puncture; Colon ascendens stent peritonitis; Interleukin-6; Mice


This article looks (again) at the problems presented by exegetical allegory for readers of medieval poetry. Using the example of Chaucer's Wife of Bath and her engagement with the Pauline epistles, this historicist essay takes issue with readers, like S. H. Rigby for example, who argue that a positive reading of the Wife's worldly positions was neither credible nor available to medieval readers.


Many bacteria can migrate from a free-living, planktonic state to an attached, biofilm existence. One factor regulating this transition in the facultative plant pathogen Agrobacterium tumefaciens is the ExoR-ChvG-ChvI system. Periplasmic ExoR regulates activity of the ChvG-ChvI two-component system in response to environmental stress, most notably low pH. ChvI impacts hundreds of genes, including those required for type VI secretion, virulence, biofilm formation, and flagellar motility. Previous studies revealed that activated ChvG-ChvI represses expression of most of class II and class III flagellar biogenesis genes, but not the master motility regulators visN, visR, and rem. In this study, we characterized the integration of the ExoR-ChvG-ChvI and VisNR-Rem pathways. We isolated motile suppressors of the non-motile ΔexoR mutant and thereby identified the previously unannotated mirA gene encoding a 76 amino acid protein. We report that the MirA protein interacts directly with the Rem DNA-binding domain, sequestering Rem and preventing motility gene activation. The ChvG-ChvI pathway activates mirA expression and elevated mirA is sufficient to block motility. This study reveals how the ExoR-ChvG-ChvI pathway prevents flagellar motility in A. tumefaciens. MirA is also conserved among other members of the Rhizobiales suggesting similar mechanisms of motility regulation. Plain language summary Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a plant pathogen that responds to low pH, stressful environments via a complex two-component regulatory system. This regulatory system can completely inhibit bacterial locomotion by flagella, and in this study we define the mechanism for this inhibition and identify a novel small protein regulator that blocks flagellar gene expression.


The present investigation describes the potential of acid activated papaya leaf for the adsorption of methyl orange (MO) dye from aqueous solution. The FT-IR analysis indicated the presence of a wide variety of functional groups on the surface of the activated papaya leaf. Scanning electron microscopy and Electron dispersion X-ray techniques indicated the morphological behavior of adsorption onto the adsorbent, and weight percentage of chemical compositions available on the surface of adsorbent. The parameters, such as pH, contact time, and agitation rate giving the highest adsorption efficiency were obtained at 2, 120 min, and 150 rpm, respectively. The Langmuir model was found to represent the isotherm data better than other isotherms studied. Batch adsorption studies, based on the assumption of a pseudo first-order, Elovich Equation, and the pseudo second-order showed that the kinetic data followed closely a pseudo second-order mechanism. The adsorption capacity of activated papaya leaf for the removal of MO dye was found to be 333.34 mg/g. These showed that papaya leaf could be considered as a good and economical substitute of commercial activated carbon.


Measurement is critical to advancing theory and research in criminology. Yet, criminologists are often forced to rely on data sources that are not intended to be used for research or collected in contexts where subjects may have incentives to misreport. This is particularly true of data in institutional corrections research. This study leveraged novel data to examine correspondence in key measures found in prison administrative and survey data on 802 prisoners in Texas, focusing on the measurement properties of an important group rarely studied in prison: gang members. We observed high rates of correspondence between data sources for gang membership (82%) and the gang with which they were affiliated (86%). A multilevel test of item correspondence demonstrated that the measures of gang membership performed as well or better than more episodic measures and worse than more durable measures common in corrections research. A multitrait, multimethod matrix revealed that gang membership, and nearly all other measures, satisfied the principles of validity. Finally, there were no differences in correspondence rates between gang and nongang members for nearly every measure, regardless of the method to measure gang membership. Prison administrative and survey data generally tell the same story, which is promising for institutional corrections research, particularly research focused on gangs.


The built environment in modern Europe is undergoing constant change. Changes occur both in terms of functional needs of users of architectural space, as well as in technical and technological requirements of the objects themselves. A particularly important aspect in the study of architecture is the use of modern, ecological building technologies while maintaining such features of the building and space as: identity, cultural heritage, environmental context, aesthetics. Aim of the study is qualitative research of contemporary architecture and space of European cities in the aspect of the occurrence of correlations between the principles of a sustainable environment, the perception of space and the technological solutions of objects. Contemporary realizations of space and architecture show the application of many technologies and principles of a sustainable environment, respect for the natural environment, and the use of analogous systems to those found in nature. It was also observed to adapt the built environment to the changing climate and the effects of these changes. The studies also show the connection of new objects and spaces with the tradition of a given place, as well as taking into account the habits and needs of users.


Homestead is one of those web hosts that flies under-the-radar. Theyve been around for a long time, since 1996, but theyve never made a big splash in ...


The understanding of economic development in regions in developed countries has gone through a fundamental change during recent decades. Nowadays, regions are increasingly looked upon as independent, dynamic market places that are connected via flows of interregional and international trade. Regional development is driven by changes in the economic specialisation, which can be explained by two different, but complementary theoretical frameworks for analysing location and trade, one old and one new.The old theoretical framework assumes that changes in the economic specialisation of regions depend upon changes in the supply of durable and semi-durable regional characteristics. The new theoretical framework, known as the new economic geogra¬phy, assumes that changes in the economic specialisation of regions are driven by the dynamic interaction between regional market potentials and rational firms experienc¬ing increasing returns. In their pure form, these theoretical frameworks can explain changes in regional economic specialisation and consequently regional develop¬ment without any reference to knowledge creation and other changes in knowledge assets. This is certainly a bit odd for a period of history often referred to as the era of the knowledge economy. So, does knowledge have no role to play as a force driving re¬gional spe¬cialisation and regional development? Or, is it so that the traditional "knowledge free" explanations of changes in regional specialisation and regional de¬velopment are missing important points? In this paper, we claim that knowledge infrastructure, human capital, talent, creativ¬ity, knowledge generation, knowledge protection, knowl¬edge accumulation, knowl¬edge appropriation, knowl¬edge flows, etc. as well as the creative use of knowledge are basic drivers of the spe¬cialisation of regions and hence of regional development. The purpose is to discuss the role of knowledge and talent in regional de¬velopment seen in both a regional and a global context.


A anticipation model was introduced for predicting gargalesthesia degree by using BP network.We produced a training algorithm with the help of artificial neural network based on Matlab and clinical data.Then we validate it.This paper offers a method to forecast gargalesthesia degree successfully,and an impersonal evaluate of gargalesthesia degree can be acquired through the anticipation model for clinical urticaria.


The dynamics of chlorine atom formation after UV photoexcitation of CH3CF2Cl(HCFC-142b) in the gas phase was studied by a pulsed laser photolysis/laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) "pump-and-probe" technique at room temperature. The parent molecule was excited at the ArF excimer laser wavelength (193.3 nm) and nascent ground state Cl(2P3/2) and spin-orbit excited Cl*(2P1/2) photofragments were detected under collision-free conditions via laser induced fluorescence in the vacuum ultraviolet spectral region. Narrow-band probe laser radiation, tunable over the wavelength range 133.5–136.4 nm, was generated via resonant third-order sum-difference frequency conversion of dye laser radiation in Krypton. Using HCl photolysis at 193.3 nm as a source of well-defined Cl(2P3/2) and Cl*(2P1/2) concentrations, values for the total Cl atom quantum yield (ΦCl+Cl*=0.90±0.17) and the [Cl*]/[Cl] branching ratio 0.39±0.11 were determined by means of a photolytic calibration method. From the measured Cl and Cl* atom Doppler pr...


The research of "alterity" already is not alone a dissertation of the philosophy but it is required answers from other fields of to know. In this study the condition of interpretation is investigated of other one from the dimension of the human development. In effect, one seeks to deepen new conceptions evolutionary in the student. Of there so it splits of a qualitative research. Consequently 45 pupils are investigated across semi-constructed interviews. Thanks to it, a set of elements is generated from where approaching the reality of " I - you " as part of the psychological progressive structure of the child. From these interpretive schemes there are obtained inputs that allow the boarding of the students in ages understood among 6-14 years of popular sectors. By the rest routes are propitiated for psychological and educational interventions.


Uterine artery embolization (UAE) and transcervical resection (TCR) have been used to successfully treat placental polyps while preserving fertility. In untreated cases, reduced blood flow to the polyp has been documented during follow-up. In fact, we have seen natural recovery in some patients without treatment. In this report, we compare patients with a clinical diagnosis of placental polyp treated by observation alone versus UAE and TCR. Subjects included 13 patients diagnosed clinically with placental polyp at our hospital from January 2012 to December 2014. Seven patients underwent UAE and TCR and 6 patients were managed with observation. We compared age, time of onset, serum hCG level, polyp size, and blood transfusion requirement. Patients who underwent UAE and TCR showed more genital bleeding, or had been hope the next pregnancy early after abortion. One patient required blood transfusion, and fertility was preserved in all cases. Menstruation returned in five patients; one patient with a history of menstrual disorder did not show return of menstruation and one patient is currently lactating. Four patients became pregnant after the procedure. In patients managed with observation alone, time to confirmed cessation of blood flow on Doppler ultrasonography varied from postpartum day 25 to 201. The polyp was naturally discharged without a large amount bleeding in five patients, and one patient remains under observation. Blood flow loss period; there was no relationship between serum hCG level and polyp size at diagnosis. Because we were unable to estimate the duration of bleeding, it is desirable to perform observation in a facility capable of performing UAE and blood transfusion, if required. In cases where excessive bleeding occurred, treatment with UAE and TCR was effective.


Approaches to public policy evaluation in the study consist of one or more criteria: -Justice, which verifies that the objectives of an intervention sufficiently cover all dimensions of socio-economic problem that it regulates. -Efficiency, which verify that the expected effects of an intervention are achieved thanks to the actions performed.-Usefulness, which verifies the justification of a challenge against not only the expected, but also against other side effects produced, especially the possible negative effects.-Internal coherence, which verifies that different strategic objectives and operational program are in a logical relation between them, that they are complementary and not inflated.-External coherence, which verify that the objectives of an intervention or contribute correspond to those of other policies of the institution or other institutions operating on the territory and there are, on the contrary, contradictory or antagonistic. -Stability, which verify that the results achieved are not fragile or achievements that "break" quickly but have consistency in time to be considered as real achievements. -Qualifying, It examines whether the action taken has increased the capacity and competence of operators who have participated. This paper aims to assess and identify the most critical issues dealing with social care standards for victims of in Albania, specifically in the National Reception Center for Victims of Trafficking, focusing on the study criteria efficiency and sustainability. DOI: 10.5901/ajis.2015.v4n3s1p152


This paper presents a continuation of projects spanning the last two years. In year one, the physical characteristics and medical effects of burns and Improvised Explosive Device, IED, blasts were investigated [1]. In year two, the possible use of commercial intumescent materials with fabric was studied [2]. The identified needs for research into the effect of undergarments on burn protection are focused in this study. Additionally, Thermal Protective Performance, TPP-(ISO 17492) and Air Permeability, AP-(ASTM D737) tests were performed to gather the data needed for the analysis of flame and thermal resistance as well as comfort and breathability. Out of the seven samples evaluated, the Sample D, composed of 94% m-aramid, 5% p-aramid and 1% static dissipative fiber, shirt had the best overall performance in terms of air permeability, average TPP rating, and time to second degree burn. Another finding was that polyester undershirts may be dangerous in the event of a flash fire situation because the fabric could melt and stick to the Soldier's skin causing more severe burn injury. Additionally, an initial framework for a basic mathematical model representing the system was created. This model can be further refined to yield more accurate results and eventually be used to help predict the material properties required in fabrics to design a more protective undergarment.Copyright © 2011 by ASME


. Scene text recognition (STR) has been an active research topic in computer vision for years. To tackle this challenging problem, numerous innovative methods have been successively proposed and incorporating linguistic knowledge into STR models has recently become a prominent trend. In this work, we first draw inspiration from the recent progress in Vision Transformer (ViT) to construct a conceptually simple yet powerful vision STR model, which is built upon ViT and outperforms previous state-of-the-art models for scene text recognition, including both pure vision models and language-augmented methods. To integrate linguistic knowledge, we further propose a Multi-Granularity Prediction strategy to inject information from the language modality into the model in an implicit way, i.e. , subword representations (BPE and WordPiece) widely-used in NLP are introduced into the output space, in addition to the conventional character level representation, while no independent language model (LM) is adopted. The resultant algorithm (termed MGP-STR) is able to push the performance envelop of STR to an even higher level. Specifically, it achieves an average recognition accuracy of 93 . 35% on standard benchmarks. Code will be released soon.


The invention relates to different formulas comprising an active component 20(R)-ginsenoside Rg3 and a plurality of auxiliary materials, or relates to a plurality of preparations for external use prepared by adding other active components into the formulas. The formulas and the preparations for external use can be used for medicines or cosmetics, and can be used for treating dysmenorrhea and leucoderma through an external use administration manner.


We provide a lower bound for the number of components of the algebraic monodromy group in the situation of a $K3$ surface over a number field $k$. In the CM case, this bound is conjecturally sharp, which is proved in the cases of CM by an imaginary quadratic field and, for $k={\mathbb Q}$, of CM by a cyclic field. As an application, we show that, in the case of CM by $\smash{{\mathbb Q}(\sqrt{-\delta})}$, the jump character is given by either $\smash{(\frac{-\delta}.)}$ or $1$, the case distinction only depending on the geometric Picard rank. The cyclic case is similar.


Outbreaks of Hendra virus in Queensland, during 1994-1999, resulted in the deaths of 17 horses and 2 humans from respiratory or neurological disease. Immunological, ultrastructural and expressional studies of the viral envelope proteins using recombinant poxviruses and DNA vectors contributed to improving our understanding of the biology of Hendra virus.


Objective To explore the effects of irrigation fluid′s absorption on hemorheology during mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy and to provide theoretical evidence for clinical treatment.Methods 72 patients with upper urinary tract stones from December 2008 to September 2010 were involved into the study.Normal saline was used as irrigation fluid during operation.Hemorheology was tested before irrigation(T1),60 minutes during irrigating(T2) and after irrigation(T3).Results All the operations were completed successfully without converting to open surgery or suspension because of bleeding.The irrigation fluid volume was 9.50~53.00 L and the mean volume was(22.74±9.87)L.No irrigation fluid absorption syndrome was found.There was significant decrease in whole blood viscosity at high,middle and low shear rate,plasma viscosity,the whole blood reduced viscosity at high and low shear rate,the index of RBC aggregation,the index of rigidity,the index of RBC deformation and the maximum rate of platelet aggregation at T3 and T2 compared with T1(P0.05).HCT and the index of RBC rigidity showed statistically significant difference at T2 compared with T1(P0.05).The whole blood viscosity at high shear rate,plasma viscosity,HCT,the index of RBC rigidity and the maximum rate of platelet aggregation showed statistically significant differences at T3 compared with T2(P0.05).Conclusion Irrigation fluid′s absorption is involved in the process of mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy.Hemorheology should be monitored when the operation time is extended and the irrigation fluid volume is large,and corresponding measures should be taken timely.


Abstract Let A and M be closed linear operators defined on a complex Banach space X and let a ∈ L1(ℝ+) be a scalar kernel. We use operator-valued Fourier multipliers techniques to obtain necessary and sufficient conditions to guarantee the existence and uniqueness of periodic solutions to the equation with initial condition Mu(0) = Mu(2π), solely in terms of spectral properties of the data. Our results are obtained in the scales of periodic Besov, Triebel–Lizorkin and Lebesgue vector-valued function spaces.


tests carried out fibre reinforced concretes made with two types of well maketed foreign steel fibres and with a Hungarian one~ used beforehand successfully in t.he industry to improve the or e.g. ?lain concrete SIOME tubes. The evaluation of toughness indices I and residual strength factors R based on flexural data C 1018) and equivalent strength Standard) have shown that the Hungarian fibres are at least of the same quality as foreign ones, mainly in respect of overall toughness nevertheless the near-alter-crack behaviour (crack arrest) can be estimated correctly applying neither of these methods in itself. Splitting tests on cylinders and load-horizontal strain (or crack width increment) diagrams are helpful in estimating the overall toughness in cracked condition. The first crack load was not influenced by the fibres in any case, but moisture content and curing conditions were decisive factors.


This qualitative study is an exploratory attempt to investigate hotel general managers' (GMs) perceived work—family balance/interface issues from a strategic perspective. Based on 49 in-person, in-depth, in-office, interviews with full-service hotel GMs, the authors identify current strategic issue perceptions (SIPs) of hotel GMs and explore potential relationships between these SIPs and work—family issues in the hotel industry. Findings suggest that work—family issues, including workplace flexibility, turnover, knowledge management, and career advancement are influenced by hotel culture and the GM's management style; and when human resources are perceived as a competitive advantage by the hotel GMs, the work—family issues are indeed related to the hotel GM's perceived strategic issues.


In 1996, Argumentation and Advocacy published a groundbreaking issue devoted to visual argument. It was the first collection of essays on the subject. Twenty years later, we consider some of the doubts about the possibility of visual argument that were discussed in that first issue. We argue that these doubts have been answered by the last 20 years of research on visual argument, and we look at some of the key theoretical and applied issues that characterize this burgeoning subfield in the study of argument.


Behavior Analysis of Responsibility in Learning PKn Class IV Students of SD Negeri Cipondoh 2 Tangerang City. Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Muhammadiyah Tangerang 2020. This research is a descriptive qualitative research by taking data at SD Negeri Cipondoh 2 Tangerang City with the subject of teacher research. Data analysis was carried out through observation, interviews, questionnaires and documentation. Data analysis was carried out by collecting data, reducing data, presenting data that draw conclusions. The results showed that the analysis of responsibility behavior in PKn lessons at SD Negeri Cipondoh 2 Kota Tangerang was seen from data collection carried out through observation, interviews, questionnaires and documentation that: Analysis of responsibility behavior in PKn lessons, students are less responsible in lessons, it can be seen that the teacher must increase the responsibility of students in lessons in the classroom and outside the classroom.


A class of singular singularly perturbed boundary value problems for mechanic mathematical model are considered,using the boundary layer functions,the asymptotic expansion of the solutions is constructed,and the validity of the solution is studied.


When nature is at its discourse, seldom can a habitat and its species protect themselves from its hazardousco nsequences. This can be evidently justified by the recent pronouncement of PHEIC (Public Health Emergency of International Concern) by the WHO in December 2019 [1] symbolizing the potential threats of novel corona virus and its ability to impact lives all across the globe. Unambiguously, if lives are obstructed, the economies of countries around the world also tend to become lopsided thereby causing a state of alarm [2]. Consequently, India is also not sheltered from the calamitous impact of COVID- 19. Being a developing country, it has become extremely problematic to tackle this massive healthcare emergency coupled with low permeability, uneven systems of commercial sectors and logistical unfeasibility to implicate a successful mass quarantine [3] leading to a disturbed impact on all commercial sectors of the society through an ever decreasing GDP rate encompassing various restrictions imposed by the government on hospitality, tourism and aviation [1] including the hotel industry. This paper primarily focuses on the impact of the novel coronavirus epidemic on Indian hotels through analysis of three primary factors encompassing tourism, consumer satisfaction and employee satisfaction and its possible aftermath through investigation of the factors linked to this industry and crucially affecting its functioning with the aid of a system approach.


As XLPE cables are widely used in power system,the evaluation and prediction for the aging and the early insulation degradation of XLPE cables under certain operating conditions are an important parts in the evaluation of the cable insulation;however,very little research has been conducted in China.The imperfect manufacturing process,overvoltage and temperature rises in the operation,and withstand voltage tests may affect the cable insulation,reduce the insulation capabilities,and result in traps which can capture charge carriers and form space charges,distort the origin electrical field and exert direct impact on the insulation properties.While many studies show that under DC voltage the space charge causes damages to the insulation,little research on the space charge's impacts on XLPE insulation under AC voltage is known.The pulsed electro-acoustic system for measuring space charge distribution in solid dielectric is introduced and relevant studies on space charge's effect on XLPE cables under ac stress are reviewed in this paper.The results of these studies can be used as reference in the study on the degradation degree and evaluation of the condition of XLPE cables.


Objective To observe the short time of uterine packing gauze in cesarean section in the application effect Methods From 2014 August~2014 year in October in our hospital 78 cases accepted cesarean section mothers as the object of this research, it will be randomly divided into observation group and control group with 39 cases in each group, the control group was given the routine hemostatic treatment(postoperative rectum Misoprostol Tablets, and give intramuscular injection, the contraction) the observation group in the conventionalhemostasis treatment on the basis of application of intrauterine packing gauze in the treatment, compared two groups of patients with clinical curative effect Results In the observation group, the amount of intraoperative bleeding and postoperative bleeding after 24 h were signifi cantly less than the control group(P005), there is statistical significance Conclusion The application of intrauterine packing with gauze in the treatment of cesarean section, can signifi cantly reduce maternal hemorrhage volume, increase the safety of operation, it is worth promoting in clinical practice


We study the Barkley PDE model of excitable media in a one
 dimensional periodic domain with additive space time
 noise. Regions of excitation and kinks (i.e., boundaries between
 regions of excitation) form due to the additive noise and propagate due
 to the underlying dynamics of the excitable media. We study the
 resulting distribution of excitation and kinks by developing a
 reduced model.


The aim of the present study is to propose a new joint segmentation method dedicated to plantar foot thermal images. The proposed method is based on a modified active contour method (Snake) that includes a prior shape information, namely an atlas of the plantar foot contour, as an extra term in the Snake energy function. This term guides the Snake to the targeted contours during the deformation process, by calculating a curvature difference between the Snake curve and the atlas curve of the plantar foot surface. The proposed method was validated using a database of 50 plantar foot thermal images. Results showed the proposed method to outperform the classical Snake method and seven other recent methods. The comparison was done using two evaluation metrics, the root-mean-square error (RMSE) and the dice similarity coefficient (DSC). When compared to ground truth, the best average RMSE of 6 pixels and DSC score of 93% were obtained using the proposed method.


This paper presents a design of a PV system for a primary distribution system under loss and voltage drop control based on ETAP program. The research area is selected within Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi (RMUTT), Thailand. The Power System Simulator (ETAP) is used to design a primary distribution system simulation and PV installed of the RMUTT electrical system. The simulation results by comparing the loss and voltage drop from the based case and PV system installed of 900 kWp can be presented by reducing the grid's electrical power loss and voltage drop.


Abstract The Corpus of Early Arabic Sources for West African History, edited by Nehemia Levtzion and J.F.P. Hopkins compiles and translates into English many of the Arabic sources vital to the construction of ancient West African history. This collection has quickly and deservedly become essential to scholars wishing to engage with early Arab perceptions and descriptions regarding West Africa. However, since the publication of the Corpus, developments in philosophies of language and translation theory have shown that there are a multiplicity of methods and motivations for translation, and many possible alternative interpretations and translations of texts. This article argues that historians who utilize the Corpus should be aware of the effects that various translation strategies have on the finished translation, in an attempt to put the Corpus in perspective and to suggest the value we might bring to it through a more critical reading.


The article deals with the most important trends in educational field: accounting needs and individual psychological aspects of students, motivation increasing, cognitive work activation, their personality and cognitive abilities development. It is noted, that technology of project activities corresponds these requirements most of all (in particular, project method). It integrates inside problematic approach, groups' methods, reflection, presentational, exploring, researching and other methods. Implementation aspects of project method were revised for forming communicative, cross-cultural, intellectual and creative competences. Cite concise formula for Polat E.S. project as an example: project = Problem + product. Types of projects allocated by the method dominant in the project, ин the nature of coordination, by the nature of the contacts, by the number of participants and by duration of the meeting project. Significant methodological conclusions were made regarding broad opportunities of projects, because they put students in conditions of real communication, both prepared and unprepared. Attention is drawn to the changes of teacher's role: at different stages he/she acts as a source of new information, consultant, assistant, coordinator, supervisor. The need of applying technology of project activities increases teacher's qualification and the qualitative level of teaching. Key words: technology of project activities, project method; communicative, cross-cultural, intellectual and creative competences


Background: Polytrauma is still the major cause of death in children all over the world. Initial evaluation and management should be approached by teamwork that includes pediatric physicians, pediatric intensive care physicians, and trauma surgeons. Trauma care provides injured children with life-and limb-saving treatment, but it is unclear if the proper tools have been developed to measure the quality of care delivered. Objective: To review quality indicators for evaluating care delivered to pediatric polytrauma patients aged ≤ 12 years and illustrate various complaints, shortages, suggestions, and possible solutions in the management of children at Aljalla Trauma Hospital–Benghazi/Libya. Methods: This study was conducted during a period of the Benghazi War (From July 2015 to July 2016). A retrospective records review of 228 children admitted as PPPs was done. All types of injury were included with a focus on the hospital stage of PPPs management. A questionnaire form for evaluation of the quality indicators of emergency management of pediatric polytrauma patients was prepared and filled out by the staff in charge. Results: The questionnaire has been answered by 93 of the staff who work in an adult emergency room, adult intensive care unit, and trauma surgeons. Our results enhance the findings of epidemiological studies for musculoskeletal injuries in PPPs and positively confirm the need to establish educational courses and continuous evaluation of performance for personage included in pediatric polytrauma patients management. Conclusion: Trauma centers may not have the resources to care for all the injured children within their referral region at any given time, and pediatric trauma centers should serve as referral points in major urban areas.


The key to writing high quality parallel software is to develop a robust software design. This applies to the overall architecture of the program, but also to the lower layers in the software system where the concurrency and how it is expressed in the final program is defined. Technology to more systematically describe such designs and reuse them between software projects is the fundamental problem facing software for terascale processors. This is far more important than programming models and their supporting environments, since with a good design in hand, most any programming system can be used to actually generate the program's source code. In this paper, we will develop our thesis regarding the central role played by software architecture for software. We will then show how design patterns provide a technology to define the reusable design elements in software engineering. This leads us to the ongoing project centered at UC Berkeley's Par Lab to pull the essential set of design patterns for parallel software design into an integrated Design Pattern Language. After describing Our Pattern Language, we'll present a case study from the field of machine learning as a concrete example of how patterns are used in practice. 1 The Software Engineering Crisis The trend has been well established [3]: parallel processors will dominate most if not every niche of computing. Ideally, this transition would be driven by the needs of software. Scalable software would demand scalable hardware and that would drive CPU's to add cores; however, this is not the case. The motivation for parallelism comes from the inability to deliver steadily increasing processor frequency gains without pushing power dissipation to unsustainable levels. Thus, we have a dangerous mismatch; the semiconductor industry is banking its future on parallel microprocessors, while the software industry is still searching for an effective solution to the parallel programming problem [10]. The parallel programming problem is not new. It has been an active area of research for the last three decades, and we can learn a great deal from what has not worked in the past. • Automatic parallelism: Compilers can speculate, prefetch data, and reorder instructions to balance the load among the components of a system; however, they cannot look at a serial algorithm and create a different algorithm better suited for parallel execution. • New languages: Hundreds of new parallel languages and programming environments have been created over the last few decades. Many of them are excellent and provide high level abstractions that simplify the expression of parallel algorithms; however, these languages have not dramatically grown the pool of parallel programmers. The fact is, in the one community with a long tradition of parallel computing (high performance computing) the old standards of MPI and OpenMP continue to dominate. There is no reason to believe new languages will be any more successful as we move to more general purpose programmers; i.e. it is not the quality of our programming models that is inhibiting the adoption of parallel programming. *This is an updated version of the paper "A Design Pattern Language for Engineering (Parallel) Software", K. Keutzer and T. Mattson, Intel Technology Journal, Vol. 13, No. 4, pp. 6-19, 2009.


The paper takes the research of the effect of washing soil heavily polluted by oil using surfactants.Through the orthogonal experiment,we sure that when the temperature is 70 ℃ to 90 ℃ and agitate time was over 40 min,the oil removing can get to 60% to 80%.After adding sodium silicate as assistant to improve the effect of washing soil.The result indicated that when the mass of surfactants and sodium silicate are the same,85.5% of oil in the soil can be removed.


The present study contributes to literature by investigating the impact of corporate governance practices on earnings management. To achieve the objectives of this study, we analysed a sample of 50 large capitalization companies from 10 different sectors viz. automotive, oil and gas, pharmaceuticals, cement/construction, chemical, real estate/ retail, food and beverage, technology, engineering and metals and mining listed on BSE for the period 2005–06 to 2015–16. Corporate governance has been quantified through its different attributes, i.e., board size, board committee meeting frequency, board independence, role duality (CEO/chairman), audit committee meeting frequency and audit committee independence. Earnings management is measured by discretionary accruals calculated using modified Jones model developed by Dechow, Sloan and Sweeney (1995). Empirical findings of overall analysis reveal that board size and earnings management are negatively associated whereas board meeting frequency is positively associated with earnings management. In the sector-wise analysis, impact of corporate governance in constraining earnings management was found to be relatively higher and consistent in Oil and Gas sector and Technology sector as compared to other sectors. The findings of the study have important policy implications as they encourage adopting corporate governance practices in firms in order to mitigate earnings management.


Malocclusion is one of the common problems encountered in the teeth and mouth of Indonesian people. This country is also confronted with problems that the bracket have to been imported from abroad. The purpose of this study is to produce national orthodontic bracket by metal injection molding (MIM) process in Indonesia, particularly by using vacuum sintering for 17-4 PH stainless steel because it is a material commonly used for orthodontic bracket. Sintering conducted at four different temperatures, at 1320 °C, 1340 °C, 1360 °C, and 1380 °C. The results showed that there are inclusions in sintering products. The relative density increases with increasing temperature sintering because the area of porosity are reduced. In addition, the results of sintering at 1360 °C has optimal hardness, which is amounted to 395 HV and higher than commercial bracket.


The basic technique of rice-azolla-fish system(RAF) is to combine azolla and fish into traditional rice farming system, and thus to realize the artificial management of the ecosystem via a throughout controll of azolla and fish in paddy field. Under the comprehensive reaction of various practices, the fish yield in rice-azolla-fish sys-tem maintains 4.0 to 9.8t/hm2, and its rice yield has increased to compare with the traditional farming system in the condition which decreased 50%-60% chemical fertilizer and 30%-50% pesticide. The result of long-term determination demonstrated that, organic matter, total N and P in ecosystem accumulated year by year, being 15.6%-38.5% higher than that in the traditional farming system. The pest and disease of rice were decreased by 40.8%-99.5%, the methane emission was decreased by 34.6%, the paddy field eco-environment was improved.


Coronary artery disease develops when the main blood vessels that supply your heart with blood, oxygen and nutrients (coronary arteries) become damaged or diseased. Cholesterol-containing deposits (plaque) in your arteries and inflammation are usually to blame for coronary artery disease. When plaque builds up, it narrows your coronary arteries, decreasing blood flow to your heart. Eventually, the decreased blood flow may cause chest pain (angina), shortness of breath, or other coronary artery disease signs and symptoms. A complete blockage can cause a heart attack. This paper presents Intelligent Feature Plaque Detection Model which overcomes the complexity within the CT scan for plaque detection such as intercranial nerves, detecion of lumen and media adventita (MA) borders, dense mass accumulation, beam hardening of the inner walls, etc. Experimental Result model achieves high classification rate, less error rate, true positive rate, true prediction rate, avoids false positive rate and at last highly precisioned.


This article will examine how contemporary South African authors are using fantasy in literature for adolescents as a site for postcolonial endeavour, with reference to Because pula means rain (2000) by Jenny Robson. Discussing how texts for adolescents can be used as "bibliotherapy", and how authors writing for adolescents must be aware of the dangers of the "top-down" power hierarchy inherent in any text written for a younger audience, this article examines how these texts have become interesting sites for postcolonial critique. In Because pula means rain, the narrative is woven around young Emmanuel's quest to belong in his local community. Emmanuel, a young boy with albinism, is ostracised from his black community because of the 'whiteness' of his skin. Emmanuel is thus an interesting site of double othering – he is neither black nor white, but is stuck in an 'in-between' liminal place of double negation. It is from this place of ostracism that he begins his journey, and through it Robson opens up a space for counter-hegemonic discourse. This article will examine how Because pula means rain successfully makes use of liminal fantasy as a subversive technique, to interrogate a new space for Emmanuel to investigate his own identity.


In a detailed account of the action for seduction involving a former premier of Alberta and his stenographer, the authors review the decisions of the courts from trial level to Privy Council The common law and the effect of statute are discussed in an explanation and analysis of the law of seduction. By reviewing newspaper accounts of public reac tion to the lawsuit, the authors are able to provide both an interesting perspective on Alberta's social history and also a glimpse at an important yet often neglected legal issue: the public's perception of the administration of justice.


In recent years there have been a significant number of changes in gynaecological pathology practice. Many of these deal with the molecular basis of common and rare gynaecological tumours but there are also many that deal with morphology, terminology and new perspectives. This talk will focus on a few chosen entities and concepts that have been recently introduced and have reached everyday practice but which can cause problems or diagnostic difficulties and can require alteration in protocols.


The main aim of this study is to investigate the needs of people with HI in the Arab world, and propose a system design that would help alleviate the challenges they face. The system design is centered on Arabic-based Natural Language Processing, with the objectives focused on presenting a multiple component educational system that utilizes multimedia-based learning, to enhance the cognitive and communication skills of children with HI.


We analysed satellite radar altimeter data for the New Zealand area during the period November 1992 to June 1994. Sea‐surface height anomalies from the Topex‐Poseidon and ERS—1 radar altimeter data...


Disease of the prostate, benign and malignant, has been related to alterations in endocrine status. Endocrine involvement has been inferred from: reported changes in the morphology of endocrine glands and target organs; biochemical tests and hormone assays; and clinical findings.'-l4 Studies comparing urinary estrogen and 17-ketosteroids in patients with benign or malignant prostate disease have found little if any difference in amounts of these metabolites e x ~ r e t e d . ~ ~ 2 ~ Comparisons of well men and patients with prostate disease (benign or malignant) have shown lowered androgen excretion in the disease gro~ps.~~,27 In a previous report, patients with adenocarcinoma of the prostate were compared with well men, using an extended profile of urinary hormone metabolites.28 Cancer patients excreted less androsterone and estradiol and more protein and carbohydrate content of the gonadotropin residue than did the age-matched well controls. In order to better understand the individual metabolite differences observed, the interrelationships among the metabolites were taken into account, using linear discriminant function analysis. This method combines the metabolites to give a score (or pattern) for each individual. The cancer patients had a significantly abnormal pattern of hormone metabolite excretion primarily involving the estrogen fractions, estradiol and estriol, and the protein constituent of the gonadotropin residue. These three metabolites, considered simultaneously, yielded the most difference between the cancer and well excretion patterns. Preliminary analysis comparing patients with benign hyperplasia of the prostate with well controls also yielded significant differences in urinary hormone excretion patterns, using linear discriminant analysis. The purpose of the present report is to extend the findings in men with disease of the prostate in the following ways: 1. patients with benign prostate hyperplasia and adenocarcinoma of the prostate


Glucosylphytosphingosine hydrochloride monohydrate (C24H50CINO8. H20), which represents a compound of the psychosine type, crystallizes in the space group P2~2~2~ with a = 11.363 (22), b = 5.262 (17) and c -49.71 (17) A. The molecules pack head-to-tail in pairs which are arranged in single layers. The hydrocarbon chains are tired 42 o to accommodate two chains per glucose residue and adopt the orthorhombic subcell packing OL. In adjacent layers the hydrocarbon chains show alternating tilt. The molecules are linked by a three-dimensional network of hydrogen bonds in which a water of crystallization plays an important role.


Neutron powder patterns of solid α- and β-oxygen have been taken. Comparison with x-ray and electron-diffraction patterns shows that α-oxygen is antiferromagnetic whilst β-oxygen is not. For the β phase there is strong evidence from the present neutron-diffraction data and from susceptibility measurements that the magnetic moments are not randomly aligned but that they exhibit shortrange antiferromagnetic order. The magnetic structure of the α phase is commensurate with the lattice since the two observed magnetic lines have d spacings of twice the value for the nuclear lines, but the absence of an established atomic structure precludes detailed discussion of the magnetic order.


The statement of the Committee on Nutrition concerning childhood diets and coronary heart disease is raising a timely subject. The grouping of hyperlipoproteinemic patients into Fredrickson's classes I to V has important therapeutic implications and has now been widely accepted. There is, however, a great need for long-term studies, starting as early in life as possible, which should evaluate the effects of dietary and pharmacologic manipulation on such young hyperlipoproteinemic individuals. The report of the Committee stresses the recognition of type II hyperlipoproteinemia in childhood and recommends treatment with the now standard low cholesterol, low saturated fat diet of the National Heart and Lung Institute and American Heart Association.


China's unprecedented urbanization has come at the cost of environmental degradation, which increasingly appears to be holding back migration to bustling municipal districts. Escaping from Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou has become a hot topic in recent years. But in fact, small and medium-sized cities also show signs of population decentralization. The aim of this paper is to reveal the impact of environmental pollution on the decentralization of urban population in China. Based on the panel data of over 227 prefecture-level cities and municipalities directly under the central government, the sensitivity of municipal population to PM2.5 concentration was empirically studied. The results showed that PM2.5 concentrations generally had the effect of driving away the population of municipal districts, but this was most pronounced in first-tier and fourth-tier cities rather than second-tier and third-tier cities. The panel quantile estimates further confirm this finding that megacities and small and micro cities rather than small and medium-sized cities are more vulnerable to environmental pollution, which is a reminder that Chinese policymakers must not focus on the environmental problems of megacities alone, but must prevent environmental degradation from hollowing out the population of small cities and towns.


This revision of the genus Canarium Schumacher, 1817 after Abbott (1960) advances our understanding of the phylogeny of Strombidae. Morphological characters were used to generate a phylogeny using maximum likelihood and including all of the recognised species. This resulted in the recognition of one tree, and within that tree the existing genera Canarium Schumacher, 1817 Tridentarius Kronenberg & Vermeij, 2002 and Terestrombus Kronenberg & Vermeij, 2002, and two more Maculastrombus n. gen. and Neostrombus n. gen. were recognisable clades. Furthermore, within the genus Canarium, four subgenera, Canarium (Canarium), Canarium (Conundrum), Canarium (Elegantum), and Canarium (Stereostrombus), were identified and described. We describe and define taxa that are compatible with the requirements of the International Code of Phylogenetic Nomenclature (PhyloCode 2020), and also conform to the requirements of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN 1999). This revision assists in generating a system of nomenclature that reflects the hypothetical relationships, and is at the same time practical in its application. We designate type localities and types for included species that were not yet addressed up until now.


The freshwater angelfish (Pterophyllum scalare) is South American cichlid became very popular among aquarists. In order to examine the effect of feeding frequency on fecundity angel fish, an experiment for 8 months in center of ornamental fish reproduction and breeding (Mazandaran-Behshahr) was conducted. The five treatments (one time a day, two times a day, three times a day, four times a day and five times a day) were used in this experiment. There were no significant differences in fish fecundity between 2, 3, 4 and 5 feeding frequencies but there was significant difference between these treatments with 1 treatment fish in 1 treatment did not reach maturity and did not spawn.


On 25 June 2020, a glacial lake outburst flood (GLOF) occurred in Jinwuco, Nidou Zangbo, and southeast Tibet, causing catastrophic damage to multiple infrastructures such as roads, bridges, and farmlands in the surrounding and downstream areas. Due to the lack of long-term monitoring of glacial lake and glacier changes in the region and the surrounding surface, the spatial and temporal evolutionary characteristics and triggering factors of the disaster still need to be determined. Here, we combine multi-temporal optical remote sensing image interpretation, surface deformation monitoring with synthetic aperture radar (SAR)/InSAR, meteorological observation data, and corresponding soil moisture change information to systematically analyze the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics and triggering factors of this GLOF disaster. Optical images taken between 1987 and 2020 indicate that the glacial lake's initial area of 0.39 km2 quickly grew to 0.56 km2, then plummeted to 0.26 km2 after the catastrophe. Meanwhile, we found obvious signs of slippage beside the lateral moraine at the junction of the glacier's terminus and the glacial lake. The pixel offset tracking (POT) results based on SAR images acquired before and after the disaster reveal that the western lateral moraine underwent a 40 m line of sight (LOS) deformation. The small baseline subset InSAR (SBAS-InSAR) results from 2017 to 2021 show that the cumulative deformation of the slope around the lateral moraine increased in the rainy season before the disaster, with a maximum cumulative deformation of −52 mm in 120 days and gradually stabilized after the disaster. However, there are three long-term deformation areas on the slope above it, showing an increasing trend after the disaster, with cumulative deformation exceeding −30 mm during the monitoring period. The lateral moraine collapse occurred in a warm climate with continuous and intense precipitation, and the low backscatter intensity prior to the slide suggests that the soil was very moist. Intense rainfall is thought to be the catalyst for lateral moraine collapse, whereas the lateral moraine falling into the glacier lake is the direct cause of the GLOF. This study shows that the joint active–passive remote sensing technique can accurately obtain the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics and triggering factors of GLOF. It is helpful to understand the GLOF event caused by the slide of lateral moraine more comprehensively, which is essential for further work related to glacial lake hazard assessment.


This introduction surveys views of the prophet and prophecy from patristic and early medieval teachings to the eve of the Protestant reformations. Christian leaders across the church's history simultaneously affirmed understandings of prophecy as foretelling and prophecy as interpretation of Scripture, with a growing emphasis on the latter and a continued emphasis on the role of revelation in both forms. Whereas Augustine's teachings concerning prophecy tended to restrain apocalyptic expectation, the teachings of Joachim of Fiore introduced a radical shift in connecting biblical prophecy directly with human history. Consequently, on the eve of the Protestant reformations, late medieval conceptions of prophecy paved the way for increasing expectation of a figure who would usher in a new age. All the while early-modern Catholic leaders continued to affirm the ongoing contemporary function of prophecy, even as they sought to constrain such apocalyptic fervor.


ABSTRACT A brief description of modern paper-and-board-making machinery introduces a discussion of the properties required of the fibres used and the cloth constructions necessary in paper-makers felts. The tests applied are described. The differences between the cloth constructions needed for satisfactory functioning when making coarse, medium and fine papers as well as multi-layer boards are discussed.


When direct digital frequency synthesizer (DDS) is applied in frequency-hopping fuse, it could be restricted by circuit size and efficiency of signal. Wide-band VCO can be also employed in this fuse to realize the design of high-speed frequency hopping source. It loads an impedance circuit upon varactor which makes pseudo-code signal through impendence network without distortion and isolates the high-frequency signals. The result of simulation shows that, the time of frequency hopping is short, and signal is in high stable situation. The circuit is easily realized and the performance is excellent.


In Dominance by Design, Michael Adas investigates the place of technological ideals, assumptions, and practices in the USA's projects of nation-building, both in North America and around the world. Tracing the long-term history of American engagement with non-Western peoples, from the earliest European settlement of North America to the first Gulf War and the events following the September 11th bombings, Adas makes a compelling case that we must understand the USA's technological imperatives if we are to understand the particular character of its emergence and operation as a global power. Those who have given little thought to the role that technology has played in America's interactions with the rest of the world will find this book eye-opening, essential reading. Those who already recognize the importance of the culture and politics of technology in the USA will appreciate Adas' synthesis and the insights that his deep historical approach makes clear. Adas lays the foundation for what is to come by providing a thoughtful reading of Admiral Perry's encounter with representatives of the Tokugawa Shogun, using this story to alert the readers to the key themes that will follow. The main narrative of the book, however, starts in the era of European settlement and transcontinental expansion in North America. In their conflicts with the indigenous peoples of North America, settlers consistently justified their own aggressive expansion by asserting the intertwined moral and technological superiority of their own culture compared to that of the indigenous peoples. The settlers' attempts both to dispossess the indigenous people, and to convert or "civilize" them to European ways, foreshadows later American practices. Adas shows how the westward expansion across North America, and the technological imperatives that informed it, translated into international interventions as the USA emerged and asserted itself as a global East Asian Science, Technology and Society: an International Journal (2008) 2:143–145 DOI 10.1007/s12280-008-9035-8


Abstract Five new compounds with the compositions [Cd(NCS)2(3-cyanopyridine)2]n · 3-cyanopyridine (1), [Cd(NCS)2(3-cyanopyridine)2]n · 1/3 3-cyanopyridine (2), [Cd(NCS)2(3-cyanopyridine)2]n (3), {[Cd(NCS)2]2(3-cyanopyridine)3}n (4), and {[Cd(NCS)2]3(3-cyanopyridine)4}n (5) have been obtained by the reaction of Cd(NCS)2 with 3-cyanopyridine in different solvents. While large amounts of compounds 1–4 could be prepared as powders, only a few single crystals of 5 were accidently obtained. Thermoanalytical investigations have shown that 4 could also be obtained by annealing of 1 or 2 and that under slightly different conditions 5 could be obtained as part of a mixture with 4. The crystal structures of all compounds can be divided in two sets of compounds. Compounds 1, 2 and 3 consist of chains in which the Cd cations show three different coordination environments and in which the coligands are only terminally bonded. In the structures of 4 and 5 similar chains are observed, which are connected into layers via some of the 3-cyanopyridine coligands.


This paper presents the deeloping situation of foreign gas turbine and combined cycle and the trends of world gas trubine industry in 10 years. The engineering level of native gas turbine industries and distinct gap are introduced and the favorable opportunity and challenge faced in 21st century are indicated.


Liang Shuming is the pioneer of the modern new confucianist and chinese life esthetics.His life esthetics fuses the confucianism,Wang Yangming's doctrine of mind engaging in introspection study and the western Bergson's thought of philosophy life.He regards the universe as a huge life,and established the world view,"the complete universe is a life",Then he systematically proposed the culture view that the human culture root lies in the "will" and the artistic essence lies in the smoothness of life nature views.Therefore,Liang's thought of life esthetics has an important academic value and the realistic significance to theory construction in contemporary life esthetics in our country.


We used an array GPR system YAKUMO developed at Tohoku University with RTK GNSS positioning system for archeological survey in Chiba, Japan. Combining with a GNSS positioning system, the GPR system could cover over a large area within a short period of time, acquiring a large amount of data. We processed the acquired data and interpreted the 3D data, using its multi-static antenna configurations. By applying signal processing, including 3D migration, we could find subsurface unknown structures that can be related to the historical building. In this paper, we introduced applicability of an array GPR system equipped with an RTK GNSS system and showed the result of field measurement.


This paper outlines a custom-built suite of scripts that automate the processes of reinforced concrete design and is directly linked to the parametric design model of the architect. The workflow creates a design and engineering feedback loop for early phase schematic design. Using this system, the design geometry is generated and then deconstructed into a Finite Element model. The workflow executes a static analysis then calculates rebar size and placement, and finally generates fabrication drawings. This methodology allows architectural intent and engineering analysis to be collapsed into a single non-linear design process.


Background: Allah descended the holy Quran to guide the human and for instructing him the principles of life. The holy Quran always guides the human in the best of ways. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to explore the manifestation of Quran reading in the life of faculty members, students, and clerks' at Arak University of Medical Sciences (AUMS). Materials and Methods: This qualitative study was done through content analysis method, and the data were collected through interviews. The study was initiated with purposive sampling and continued by theoretical sampling; 30 individuals were interviewed over a 2 month period at AUMS. The data were analyzed based on the content analysis method. Continuous-comparative analysis was utilized for data analysis. Results: Data analysis showed the manifestation of miracles in life, achieving internal peace, having humanistic communication, decision making based on Quran instructions, being patient and tolerant, behaving based on Quran instructions, and saving as secondary codes of the effect of Quran reading on participants' life, and "the effect of holly Quran on the whole dimensions of life" as the main code or theme. Conclusion: In this qualitative study, using triangulation sources, the effects of Quran reading on the faculty members, students, and clerks' life at AUMS were identified more profoundly than the quantitative methods. On the other hand, the effect of Quran reading on all dimensions of the participants' life, as the theme of this study, is a very important finding which is completely in accordance with Allah's words in Quran. Therefore, in order to achieve more divine benefits from Quran, reading the holy Quran is recommended to academians and all people, in general, so as to compete for using Quran more.


Stable Mercury(I)-Sulfur Compounds, 5

The divalent sulfur-containing ligands 1–5 react with mercury(I) nitrate in methanolic solution without disproportionation to form stable mercury(I)-sulfur compounds.


The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental protection treatment and chemical engineering production, and relates to a production process for preparing calcium oxide and sulfur dioxide by decomposing ardealite. The process comprises the following steps of: mixing the ardealite and charcoal according to a dry weight ratio of 10-20:1, granulating the mixture to obtain particles of which the particle size is between 1 and 4mm, drying and dewatering the particles, putting the particles in a fluidized bed decomposing furnace to be directly contacted with high-temperature furnace gas for reaction for 15 to 50 minutes at a temperature of between 1,000 and 1,300 DEG C, and generating the sulfur dioxide gas and the calcium oxide. The process can solve the problem of comprehensively utilizing waste residues of ardealite, the content of SO2 in the discharged tail gas is high enough to be used for producing sulfuric acid, and the calcium oxide which is a byproduct can be used in various industries such as construction, road, aquaculture and the like, so that the process meets the requirements on the scientific outlook on development; moreover, compared with the process for co-production of cement by sulfuric acid prepared by the ardealite, the process greatly saves investment and electric consumption.


The regional spatial-temporal analysis of the formation of the maximum flow was made on the basis of geographical and hydrological method using GIS-technologies and statistical methods. The characteristics of natural and anthropogenic prerequisites for the formation of floods were performed. Conclusion about the leading role of natural factors in the formation of floods, especially extremely high rainfall, which have become more frequent in recent decades, was made. The features of spatial-temporal variability of maximum water levels were shown. Simulation of flood zones was performed using a geographic information system and digital elevation models. Calculated water levels were set by long-term observation series and in their absence by high water marks. The extreme floods were reconstructed in some settlements, some recommendations to reduce potential damage as they pass in the future were provided.


The paper analyzes the visual and personalised implications of late modern warfare and its representation in documentary film. In the first half of my paper, I'm analyzing the cinematic representation of late modern war and its relationship to film and vision primarily from a media-historical perspective: what does the access to information mean in this context and what kind of media and mediatisation specificities has the war after the 2000s. In the second half of my study I'm focusing on the video-selfie-scenes of Nine Months of War (László Csuja, 2018) from a phenomenological and reception-theoretical perspective: what are the implications of the use of video-selfies in this documentary and what kind of new functions could this film add to these in warfare. I classify the functions of video-selfies into a three-tier typology of channel (making a video message to another person), identity affirmation and space of testimony. While at the beginning of the war the apparently superficial video-selfie-use characterizes the protagonist as a content producer and user, it then serves to identify with the military self-image and finally creates a specific, private space for the expression of traumatic experiences.


This article describes a method of IF modulation used in millimeter-wave transmitter, the method is AD9857 combined with FPGA, choose the EP1C6 as a FPGA chip, and use this FPGA chip complete the base-band digital signal processing, and implement the control to the AD9857. AD9857 is a kind of the orthogonal frequency converter based on DDS technology, complete the functions of base-band digital signal interpolation filter, orthogonal modulation, and D/A conversion in the digital domain and complete QDPSK modulation signal output of 70MHz IF carrier. This method can eliminate phase and gain imbalances and distortion which caused by analog modulation, also can simplify the system structure, reduce cost and improve the performance and reliability of the system.


ABSTRACTThe climate agreement signed in Paris in December 2015 has been widely hailed as a huge step towards limiting climate change to a safe 2°C. It is not; Paris locks the world into a future where at least a 3–4°C rise by 2100 is virtually inevitable. This will mean a world where there will be massive famine and conflict in much of Africa and the Middle East, serious hunger in South Asia, huge migration pressures but manageable problems in the Americas and more difficult but probably still manageable problems in Europe. Globalisation may collapse, which will be particularly challenging for the UK with its dependence on food imports and international trade. In politics the 200-year hegemony of the idea of progress will be over, while our focus will become more local, putting great pressure on the idea of human universalism.


The creation of the diffusion model was a piece of exciting news in the deep learning community. Millions of people are excited to try the new DALLE 2 AI artist and the state-of-the-art stable diffusion model. One of the greatest advantages of these AI artists is that they can apply many distinct artistic styles to the same image. Nonetheless, the image created using a specific artistic style sometimes seems too strong or too weak. The ability of adjusting the strength of artistic styles of the generated images enables users of this algorithm greater degrees of freedom in terms of creating images of their wishes. Moreover, the ability of adjusting the strength of artistic styles of the generated images can also serve an educational purpose from which users can understand artistic styles in concreate terms. This paper proposed a novel method of adjusting the level of artistic styles of the generated image which utilized the continuity of the latent space of the Contrastive Language-Image Pretraining (CLIP) encoding and calculate the augmenting latent vector. This novel method provides a greater level of tailored manipulability of the generated image.


This document describes requirements for a LIS to LIS protocol and
provides examples of where such a protocol is applicable.


ISMP Canada Safety Bulletin – www.ismpcanada.ca/safety-bulletins/ 1 of 8 The introduction of vaccines to protect against COVID-19 was a turning point in the management of the pandemic. Knowledge about these products continued to evolve rapidly after they were made available, which resulted in frequent updates to stability and storage requirements and associated product labelling.1-4 These changing requirements created a challenging work environment for health care providers who were administering the vaccines. This bulletin shares learning from an analysis of a multi-patient incident involving administration of COVID-19 vaccines that were past their beyond-use date (BUD).* INCIDENT DESCRIPTION


The optical transition energies (Eii) of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) are influenced by the local environment created by solvents and adsorbed molecules. Analysis of SWCNT photoluminescence (PL) energies in various dielectric media is used to elucidate a semiempirical scaling relation for Eii shifts and nanotube structural properties from a classical solvatochromic formalism. The SWCNT Kataura plot is corrected for a dielectric constant of unity and used in conjunction with the scaling to accurately describe PL energy shifts in a broad range of dielectric media.


Research has suggested that adding contextual information such as reference markers to data sonification can improve interaction with auditory graphs. This paper presents results of an experiment that contributes to quantifying and analysing the extent of such benefits for an integral part of interpreting graphed data: point estimation tasks. We examine three pitch-based sonification mappings; pitch-only, one-reference, and multiple-references that we designed to provide information about distance from an origin and assess their effects on users' performances when completing point estimation tasks. Results showed that the addition of reference tones increases users accuracy with a trade-off for task completion times, and that the multiple-references mapping is particularly effective when dealing with points that are positioned at the midrange of a given axis.


Teaching and learning of a language couldn't be performed separately without understanding the culture and the custom of the language under study. Therefore, in English language teaching through literature at secondary school cultural values and/or impacts of culture should be clearly stated by the language teachers to their students since the cultural issues retain a direct relationship to determine the meaning of words uttered and written by speakers of the language. Literature properly exposes students to complex themes and afresh, unexpected uses of standard language. A good novel or short story can gently take the students to foreign countries and fantastic worlds. A play or a poem can bring up certain dilemmas and dynamic emotional responses. This paper analyses literary texts incorporated in students' textbook, incorporate researcher teaching English language experience and look out the curriculum objectives for the grade level. In the Ethiopian context, intercultural understanding has got little attention; communicative competence and linguistic competency gain relatively prioritized. If institutions and concerned bodies are looking for better learners who are well skilled with the target language; they have to properly incorporate contents which focus on enhancing trainees' awareness and use suitable language teaching methods for better implementation.


A short overview about the knowledge and its introduction in the development of organizations nowadays is done. Its origin and evolution in the organizations is studied, as well as the relation that is established between the steps of knowledge as a key macro-process and the intellectual capital. The main components of the measurement models are presented at the same time that the social and cultural capital is incorporated as important elements in the treatment of these aspects. Finally, some indicators of measurement of the previous models for the


The invention discloses a method for measuring alignment precision between lithography machines with different magnifications, which comprises the following steps: parallelly placing two rows of testpatterns on a standard lithography mask plate, wherein the first row of test patterns are outer-frame test patterns corresponding to a reference lithography magnification, and the second row of test patterns are inter-frame test patterns corresponding to a contrast lithography magnification; (2) aligning the first row of test patterns with a lithography machine with the reference lithography magnification for a first lithography process, and forming outer-frame lithography patterns on a silicon wafer; (3) aligning the second row of test patterns with a lithography machine with the contrast lithography magnification for a second lithography process, and forming inter-frame lithography patterns; and (4) measuring the alignment difference between the outer-frame lithography patterns and the inter-frame lithography patterns, and obtaining an alignment precision difference value. The method does not require a standard wafer to measure the alignment precision deviation between the lithography machines with the different magnifications, and avoids the alignment deviation introduced after the repeated use of a plurality of standard photolithography masks.


A large down-conversion of the carrier signal is required in a millimeter-wave receiver. However, since a steep filter in the millimeter-wave band is not available, a heterodyne architecture is commonly used, which increases the power consumption of the receiver. To realize low-power consumption in a millimeter-wave receiver, low intermediate frequency conversion is suitable but requires a millimeter-wave image-rejection filter. In this study, we adopt a high-Q resonator tank enhanced by a negative conductance, using a circuit that includes a transmission line, which defines the signal propagation area of the millimeter wave. As a result, a maximum Q factor of 120, a minimum bandwidth of 0.4GHz, a maximum gain of 20dB and a tuning range of 1GHz are realized with a power consumption of 12.5mW, where the gain, Q factor and center frequency are tunable by external control. The proposed filter realizes a low intermediate frequency in a millimeter-wave receiver and is expected to contribute to the reduction of power consumption in the receiver.