In recent years, advances in Artificial Intelligence (AI) are opening the door for intelligent health care data prediction and decision making. Machine learning, as an increasingly popular approach to AI, has been widely used to learn directly from data, adapt independently, and produce predictive outcomes, which support doctors when encountering complex health care predictive analytics. However, traditional machine learning methods are not always perfectly working in the health field, intrinsically due to little consideration for characteristic problems within health care data. For example, the small sample size problem is common due to complex data collection procedures and privacy concerns. Missing data is also widely encountered since most data are collected as a secondproduct of patient-care activities instead of following systematic research protocols. The class imbalance is another inevitable problem in the medical data as the normal class always predominates over the disease class. To solve aforementioned issues in health care predictive analytics, this study stands on the principles of machine learning and transfer learning to develop five advanced prediction models. The first model is an output-based transfer least squares support vector machines (LS-SVMs) model which can leverage knowledge from the existing prediction model or on-line tool to facilitate the learning process on the current domain of interest with insufficient data. This model overcomes the small sample size problem and improves the health care data prediction by learning knowledge from the other domain. The second model is a novel additive LS-SVMs model which can make predictions simultaneously considering the influences on the classification error caused by missing features in a dataset. This model can generate valuable explanations regarding the influence levels of missing features for health professionals to improve the future data collection process. The third model is a transfer-based additive LS-SVMs model which can deal with missing data from a transfer learning perspective. It can leverage the model knowledge learned from the complete portion of the dataset to help the learning process on the whole dataset with missing data. The proposed model can provide supplementary information for health professionals to improve the data quality via data cleaning. The forth model is a deep transfer additive LS-SVMs model called DTALS-SVMs and its imbalanced version called iDTA-LS-SVMs to enhance the prediction performance on the balanced and imblanced datasets. Inspired by the stacked architecture and transfer learning mechanism, the model stacks multiple additive LS-SVMs based modules layer-by-layer and embeds model transfer between adjacent modules to guarantee their consistency. The fifth model is a deep cross-output transfer LS-SVMs model called DCOT-LS-SVMs and its imbalanced version called IDCOT-LS-SVMs to improve the prediction performance on the balanced and imbalanced datasets. The cross-output transfer is used to transfer the predictive outcome from the previous module to the adjacent higher layer to achieve a better learning. Moreover, modules' parameters can be randomly assigned in the proposed model which significantly reduces the time for model selection. The proposed models are verified using experiments on the public UCI datasets. Moreover, case studies are conducted to validate and integrate the proposed models with real world applications, including bladder cancer prognosis, prostate cancer diagnosis, and predictions of elderly quality of life (QOL). The results have demonstrated that the models in this study can enhance the prediction performance while taking the characteristic problems within health care data into account, thus exhibiting promising potential for use in different health applications in future.


In a review of affective education programs for classroom use, Strein (1988) noted, "... the very essence of affective education programs, as contrasted to various forms of counseling, is that such programs can be successfully used by a classroom teacher as part of the curriculum" (p. 288). Indeed, most affective education programs have been designed primarily for teachers to use in classroom settings: the Human Development Program (Bessell & Palomares, 1970), Toward Effective Development (Dupont, Gardner, & Brody, 1974), Dimensions of Personality (Limbacher, 1973), Developing Understanding of Self and Others (DUSO) (Dinkmeyer, 1970), and Developing Understanding of Self and Others-Revised (DUSO-R) (Dinkmeyer & Dinkmeyer, 1982). Regardless of how well such programs are conceptualized and packaged, however, considerable knowledge is required about child development, group interactions, and skills for helping children to express feelings and explore emotions, attitudes, and behaviors. Thus, school counselors (and school psychologists) frequently become a resource for teachers by offering ongoing classroom guidance or by using affective education programs with children individually or in small groups apart from the classroom. Counselors can affirm that it is not easy to use these programs effectively and may want to consider modifications that improve their efficacy. The current study examines one such modification: the use of a children's intake interview in which children developed personal goals prior to their participation in a DUSO-R program. Why should counselors conduct an intake interview for children? Childers (1987) described the importance of goal setting in focusing the client's [child's] attention and action, setting the direction for the therapeutic relationship, and increasing productivity for the client [child]. The authors suggest that such an interview could orient children to the DUSO-R program, engage them in the process, and help them accomplish personal goals. In addition, the intake information might allow counselors to gain


To increase the supply of diesel fuel and improve its properties of low-temperature flow,straight diesel fuel of Panjing second atmospheric side-streams was used as raw material which has high content of wax,the dewaxing oil which solidifying point is about-18 ℃ was obtained in the laboratory at normal pressure and temperature through dewaxing with activator of anhydrous ethanol,refining in order to remove nonideal component,and drying with anhydrous calcium chloride.The flashing point,viscosity,distillation range and solidifying point of dewaxing oil met the technical index of national standards for diesel fuel.Except for the reaction process conditions,effect of dosage of urea,dosage of anhydrous ethanol,reaction time and the selection of activators were investigated and compared in the experiment.The craft is an ideal dewaxing process.


The solution of a generalized stochastic Petri net (GSPN) is severely restricted by the size of its underlying continuous-time Markov chain. In recent work (G. Ciardo and A.S. Miner, 1999), matrix diagrams built from a Kronecker expression for the transition rate matrix of certain types of GSPNs were shown to allow for more efficient solution; however, the GSPN model requires a special form, so that the transition rate matrix has a Kronecker expression. In this paper, we extend the earlier results to GSPN models with partitioned sets of places. Specifically, we give a more restrictive definition for matrix diagrams and show that the new form is canonical. We then present an algorithm that builds a canonical matrix diagram representation for an arbitrary non-negative matrix, given encodings for the sets of rows and columns. Using this algorithm, a Kronecker expression is not required to construct the matrix diagram. The efficient matrix diagram algorithms for numerical solution presented earlier are still applicable. We apply our technique to several example GSPNs.


Numerous methods have been described to measure platelet function or responses and alterations thereof by drugs. These techniques have con tributed greatly to our understanding of platelet biochemistry and mor phology. From these studies evolved procedures to measure the effect of platelet-inhibiting drugs in thrombotic states which have been extensively investigated. Several recent reviews (1, 2) have very adequately covered this aspect and, therefore, discussions of these test systems will be purposefully omitted from this review. The role of platelets in atherosclerosis is somewhat more controversial than their participation in thrombosis. Nevertheless, over the past decade a significant body of evidence has accumulated suggesting that platelets assume a pivotal aspect of the early vessel wall lesion development. New techniques and approaches are being formulated in which established anti platelet drugs may be inappropriate.


Logic gives a technique for the articial intelligence to make the computers simulate human being in dealing with certainty and uncertainty in information. Various logical algebras have been proposed and researched as the semantical systems of non-classical logical systems. In this paper using the concept of commutator, we introduce the Engel algebra and then study a condition on infinite subsets of infinite algebras. We also show that some logical algebras satisfy to this condition but do not have the properties associated with that condition


We demonstrate, experimentally, nonvolatile optical control of terahertz metasurfaces composed of a metallic split-ring resonator array sandwiched between monolayer graphene and a photoconductive F...


Background: Hearing loss is a major concern in the patient with head and neck cancer (HNC) undergoing radiotherapy (RT) and/or chemotherapy (CHT). The present study aimed to assess the incidence of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) at 6 months follow-up after RT and/or concurrent Cisplatin-based CHT. Materials and Methods: In this prospective study, 60 patients with histopathologically proven HNC underwent three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT) (35 patients) and concurrent Cisplatin-based CHT and RT (25 patients). The status of the hearing was assessed pre-treatment (baseline), one day, 1, 3 and 6 months after treatment by pure tone audiometry (PTA) and other audiometric tests such as tympanometry (TM), acoustic reflex (AR), and speech audiometry (SA). Results: In the RT group, SNHL was observed in 18 patients and hearing loss occurred in 47 % (33 of 70 ears) of ears. In the chemo-radiotherapy (CRT) group, SNHL was discerned in 20 patients and hearing loss appeared in 88 % (44 of 50 ears) of ears. Perforation of the tympanic membrane occurred in 2/35 patients in the RT group and 1/25 patients in the CRT group. The AR threshold (ART) of patients with CRT significantly increased compared to the RT group at the end of 6 months after treatment (P <0.05). Meanwhile, there was a significant difference in the speech discrimination score (SDS) and speech recognition threshold (SRT) between the CRT group and RT group at the 6 months after treatment (P <0.05). Conclusion: The incidence of hearing loss in patients that underwent CRT was higher. The auditory system should be considered as a critical organ at risk (OAR) in treatment planning.


Objective To explore the effect of hormone of the expression of CD-23 with on patients with bronchial asthma. Methods By randomized grouping to observer the impact of the expression of CD-23 with different doses methylprednisolone on patients with bronchial asthma. Results The percentage of measured value account for predicted value of peak expiratory flow and SPO2 have no statistical significance in low dose group of CD-236(P0.05),but the percentage of measured value account for predicted value of peak expiratory flow and SPO2 have statistical significance in low dose group of CD-236,middle dose group,high dose group. The improvement is increased by the increasing amount of methylprednisolone, especially in high dose group(P0.05). Conclusion The improvement is increased remarkably in middle dose group and high dose group of CD-236,The improvement is increased remarkably in low dose group、middle dose group and high dose group of CD-236,so we can inject by intravenous 80mg bid when CD-236,we can inject by intravenous 40mg bid when CD-236.


Delmotte and Verplaetse connect the issue of trust to legitimacy: what are the ethical boundaries that citizens can entrust the legislator not to transgress ? Moreover, a research-programme aiming to restore the relationship between tax payers and their governments demands an identifi cation of the limits to governmental taxing proclivities. Indeed, while normative tax theory focuses mainly on how to limit the productivity-loss due to taxation, this contribution scrutinises how to limit rights-violations due to taxation.


The article presents a comparative analysis of the flow and utilisation of biodegradable polymer waste in relation to the waste of petroleum-based thermoplastic polymers. It compares energy expenditures and the costs of the reutilisation of both types of plastics in industrial applications. The performed studies and an analysis of the yielded results enabled the acquisition of real data involving the subject of managing petroleum-based plastic waste after the end of its life cycle, as well as biodegradable plastic waste, over the recent years, which is the main purpose of the study. So far, this subject has not been analysed very frequently, and, considering climate change, the predatory economy and the growing population of our planet, it is becoming an important topic, within the scope of which it is necessary to develop a new approach and new solutions regarding legal regulations and social awareness, as well as the technological possibilities of their implementation. The authors' own research will indicate factual results related to managing various types of waste, based on the example of data acquired from a company involved in the retreatment of plastics and give answers to bothering questions such as: Is there an impact of retreatment on technological indicators defined by means of the mass flow rate? Is the retreatment of biodegradable plastics justified in terms of economy, energy and ecology? Is the retreatment of biodegradable plastics efficient?


A series of double hydrophobic tails of N-methyl diethanolammonium bromide cationic surface active agents were synthesized. Their chemical structures were elucidated using different analytical tools including elemental analyses, FTIR, mass fragmentation, and 1H-NMR spectroscopy. Their surface parameters including critical micelle concentration (CMC), effectiveness (π CMC ), efficiency (Pc 20), maximum surface excess (Γ max ), and minimum surface area (A min ) were calculated. The behaviors of the synthesized molecules in their solutions were discussed based on the data of surface parameters, micellization and adsorption thermodynamics at 25°, 40°, and 55°C. The experimental data of surface activity showed that these molecules are tends to form micelles in the bulk of their solutions at lower temperatures. On contrarily, they prefer to adsorb at higher temperatures. The synthesized cationic surfactants were used as solubilizing agent for nonpolar substrate (paraffin oil) at 25°C. The results of solubilization measurements showed good ability for the used surfactants towards solubilizing paraffin oil in aqueous medium. The results showed that the chemical structure of the solubilizate plays an important rule in its solubilization. Several factors were found to influence the extent of solubilization including: number of alkyl chains within surfactant molecule, symmetry of molecules and chain length of hydrophobic parts. The results were rationalized by the Kraft point and HLB values of the used surfactants. Furthermore, solubilization curves showed the steady state solubilization of each surfactant used.


The article dwells on the problem of variations in the outstanding memorial of the Persian-Tajik literature of the X-th century "Tarjumai "Tafsiri Tabari ". The author considers the words which had had one form, hut then acquired several forms under the influence of linguistic and extralinguistic factors. Having analyzed the factological material of "Tarjumai "Tafsiri Tabari " the author comes to the conclusion that these are sonorous changes that play a great role in an upspringing of word variations. The following ways of this phenomenon are defined: assimilation of two consonants, e.g. "b" transforms into "v"; transformation of consonant "r" into "l" being one of the most important sonorous conversions in Iranian languages, Tajik inclusive; positional change of vowels.


The purpose of this study was to examine how social services in Orebro working with young people vulnerable to honor- related violence and oppression. Further the purpose was to investigate recogni ...


The e4 allele of apolipoprotein E (APOE) is the strongest genetic risk factor for the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) is hypothesized to initiate synaptic and neuronal dysfunction that ultimately lead to neuronal cell death in AD, and several lines of


The emergence of mobile sensors dramatically improves the availability of mission critical sensors and sensor networks (MC-SSN), enabling it to be utilized in more challenging tasks. However, current researches aimed to target tracking in mobile MC-SSN are very limited. This paper first proposes an adaptive fuzzy tree system (AFS) for target tracking in MC-SSN. To avoid oversimplifying the target mobile pattern, which is unrealistic in real tracking tasks, we introduce the target circle into the model considerations to add a bit of uncertainty about the target position. At each time step of the tracking process, strategy-selection layer will activate the pursuit strategy or the diffusion strategy for the specific situation, which makes the system more intelligent and can be applicable to various scenarios. The pursuit strategy is built by a two-layer fuzzy tree to select and mobilize sensors that have not detected target, while the diffusion strategy uses a fuzzy inference system to balance the density of detected sensors. And all the hyper-parameters are tuned by particle swarm optimization (PSO). We performed a large number of simulations with two target trajectories: line and irregular. The simulation results show that the AFS significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art algorithm. Moreover, it is highly robust to various target motion patterns, making it competent for a variety of real target tracking scenarios.


Our latest Invasive Pest is now firmly established in Northern Chester and Montgomery counties. We have begun control treatments in North Coventry, ...


Filter is an electronic equipment which not only can make useful frequency signal get across but also restrain and reduce useless frequency signal.It is often used in signal processing,data transformation and restrain disturbance.Filter circuit is always composed of RC network and operational amplifier.In the case of proper DC supply,it has filter function,signal amplifying and input/output resistor matching.At present,it has good application in voice processing,industry measuring and controlling.This article based on the instruction of LTC1562′s characteristics,gives a six order Butterworth band-pass filter applying circuit and practicably measuring result which is avail of the Filter CAD software.


Abstract : A computer program is presented for solving a system of two quasilinear partial hyperbolic differential equations in two independent and two dependent variables by the method of characteristics. There is a discussion of the characteristic equations and the compatibility relations. The second order finite difference approximations to these are given along with a method to solve the difference equations. (Author)


Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) is a group of wireless mobile nodes dynamically forming an ad hoc network without the help of any laid down infrastructure or centralized administration. The mobility of nodes in MANETs results in regular changes of network topology and establishing routes in MANETs is a challenging task. Routing protocols in MANET helps node to transmit and receive packets. In this paper, we investigate the impact of three node placement models namely Random, Grid and Circular on the performance metrics of DSR routing protocol using Opnet 14.5 simulator.


COVID-19 pandemic induced restrictions and the necessity of adhering to COVID appropriate behaviors accelerate the Work From Home (WFH) trend in many sectors. The Indian IT sector is one such a sector wherein WFH is widely adopted. This research analyses whether WFH has any impact on Work Life Balance (WLB) of women employees working in Indian IT companies. This research is also interested to know the impact of factors like Work Interference with Personal Life (WIPL), Personal Life Interference with Work (PLIW), Job controls and Job demands on WLB. 191 women employees working in IT companies in Coimbatore city, Tamil Nadu, India were participated in this research. This research will help the IT companies to understand the factors that affect WLB of women employees. Hence, the researcher hopes that key insights that are found out of this research will help these companies to take many corrective steps to improve WLB of their women employees.


By applying Fourier transformation to solve the Laplace equation about displacement,the general solutions of displacement are obtained. And according to the relation between displacement and stress for longitudinal shear and boundary conditions,the dual integral equations are deduced. The dual integral equations are decoupled and regularized into the first kind of Fredholm canocinal integral equations with logarithmic kernel by using integral transformation,and the equivalence of them are proved exactly. Then the enclosed solutions of dual integral equations are given,and the existence and uniqueness of solutions are proved. Simultaneously,the stress fields for the problem of longitudinal shear of elastic layer are given.


The Discussion on the Teaching Methods of Practical Training Courses for Intelligent Buildings in Higher Vocational Colleges Chunling Li Guangxi Polytechnic Of Construction,Guangxi Nanning 530007,China. E-mail: email@example.com Abstract: With the in-depth reform of our country's economic system, the demand for professional talents is increasing in economic development. As a main position for cultivating skilled and application-oriented talents, higher vocational colleges are self-evident in the importance. As a major feature of higher vocational colleges, practical training courses play an irreplaceable role in improving the quality and level of talents. This paper takes the intelligent buildings in higher vocational colleges as an example to discuss the teaching of practical courses. With the rapid development of modern intelligent buildings and smart homes in our country, the demand for intelligent talents has increased dramatically. In the early 21st century, China approved the establishment of the " intelligent building engineering technology" major in higher vocational colleges. This major integrates computer communication technology, construction technology and automatic control technology. This major is very applicable and practical, but many higher vocational colleges were weak in practical training. Next, I will discuss some reflections on the teaching of training courses for intelligent buildings in higher vocational colleges.


In this paper, we continue the line of investigation undertaken in [HR], with which we assume familiarity. For a comprehensive reference we refer the reader to [P]. The authors would like to thank each other for their light spirit and good humor. Pillay and Prest [PP, Proposition 7.10] have shown that a module M of U-rank 1 which is not totally transcendental may be decomposed as M = Ml ⊕ Mu, where Ml, ⊨ Th(M) omits the unlimited type and Mu imbeds purely into a model of the unlimited part Tu, of T = Th(M). We devote the first section of this paper to a generalization of this result to the case when T has a regular generic and m-dim(M) = 1. (Note that m-dim(M) = 0 implies M is totally transcendental, in which case a general decomposition theorem was proved by Garavaglia [G].)


Let G and H be Polish groups and let π : G→ H be a function. The automatic continuity problem is the following: assuming π is a group homomorphism, find conditions on G, H, or π which imply that π is continuous. In this note, we initiate a study of a reverse problem: supposing π is continuous, find conditions on G, H, or π which imply that π is a homomorphism. Herein, we treat the case G = H = R.


TWO STUDIES were conducted to evaluate students' ability to utilize contextual information in learning the meaning of unfamiliar words. A descriptive study involving fourth-, fifth-, and sixth-grade children was designed to examine the differential effects of form and proximity of contextual information on students'learning of unfamiliar words. An experimental study involving the same-aged students was conducted to examine the differential effects of three intervention strategies designed to facilitate the use of contextual information in learning the meanings of unfamiliar words. The results of the descriptive study suggest that students were better able to determine the meaning of unfamiliar words when (a) contextual clues were provided, (b) students were older, (c) the clues were in synonym rather than inference form, and (d) contextual clues were closer to the unfamiliar word. In the experimental study, rule-plus-systematic-practice and systematic-practice-only conditions produced higher transfer scores than a nointervention condition.


: The study of different organic sources for yield parameters and insect pest population in betelvine revealed that Neem oil cake (2.8t/ha) was found superior for most of the growth and yield characters under study. The gross returns and B: C ratio were observed higher in Neem oil cake (2.8 t/ha). The lowest population of aphid, whitefly, mealy bug, leaf eating (caterpillar/plant), termite and green looper was observed in treatment Neem oil cake (2.8 t/ha) under study. Leaf yield/ha/year showed positive and significant correlation with number of shoot/vine, number of leaves per vine, number of laterals/vine, internodal distance, petiole length, leaf area, L/B ratio and survival percentage at genotypic and phenotypic level, whereas leaf yield/ha/year showed significant positive association with vine length, basal girth of vine, fresh weight of 100 leaves at genotypic level.


With the high demand for renewable energy sources such as wind turbines, the future distribution systems and/or microgrids will face more challenges in energy management, due to the intermittency of renewable power generation. By buffering such uncertain power supplies, community energy storage (CES) systems can provide dispatchable capacities and are effective tools to harness renewable power in a community. However, the dispatch of a CES system is complicated due to the randomness in its state-of-charge (SoC) and thus, the randomness in dispatchable capacities. In order to address this problem, a stochastic model of a CES system with wind power generation is reported in this paper. The power generation of each wind turbine is modelled using a Markov modulated rate process (MMRP), while the CES system is modelled as a queueing system with heterogeneous sources and constant output. Based on a diffusion approximation of the queue length, a closed-form representation of the cumulative distribution function (CDF) of the SoC of CES system can be derived. The analytical model is validated by a case study based on the wind power generation data obtained from the Changling Wind Farm in Jilin Province of Northeast China.


Electro-catalytic reduction of N2 to NH3 using Earth-abundant oxide and oxynitrides is an energy- and environmentally-friendly alternative to the Haber-Bosch process. The present contribution summarizes our recent progress on vanadium oxide (VO) and vanadium oxynitride (VON) thin films1,2 as electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) catalysts at neutral pH conditions. In the case of VO films, the N-free VIII/IV-oxide, created by O2 plasma oxidation of polycrystalline vanadium, exhibited N2 reduction at an onset potential of -0.16 V vs. Ag/AgCl. DFT calculations indicated that N2 scission from O-supported V-centers is energetically favorable by ~18 kcal/mole as compared to N-supported sites. Interestingly, in the case of VON catalysts, both electrochemistry and photoemission data revealed the involvement of both lattice N and dissolved N2 in the NRR process. Our results also show that NH3 production from VON lattice N occurs in the presence or absence of N2 and involves the formation of V≡N: intermediates or similar unsaturated VN surface states. This is in contrast to VO where N2 reduction occurred in the presence or absence of lattice N, and without N incorporation into a vanadium oxide lattice. Thus, both lattice N and N2 reduction mechanisms involve oxide-supported V surface sites ([V]O) in preference to N-supported sites ([V]N). DFT calculations revealed the formation of V≡N:, V-N=N-H, plus other plausible reaction intermediates that are energetically favored at [V]O rather than at [V]N surface sites.

 Acknowledgment: This work was supported by the National Science Foundation through grants DMR-2112864 (to JAK, TRC, and FD) and partial support by CHE-1953547 (to TRC). Additional NSF support for the UNT CASCaM HPC cluster via Grant CHE-1531468 is also gratefully acknowledged.

 Ganesan, A. Osonkie, P. Chukwunenye, T. Cundari, F. D'Souza, J. Kelber. Electrochemical Reduction of N2 to ammonia by vanadium oxide thin films at neutral pH, J. Electrochem. Soc., 2021, 168, 026504.

 Osonkie, A. Ganesan, P. Chukwunenye, F. Anwar, K. Balogun, M. Gharee, I. Rashed, T. R. Cundari, F. D'Souza, and J. A. Kelber, Electro-catalytic reduction of nitrogen to ammonia: The roles of lattice O and N in reduction at vanadium oxynitride surfaces, ACS Adv. Mater & Interface, 2021, in revision.


This paper covers the ALS (Automated Library Systems Ltd) system used at Rotterdam City Library in the Netherlands. The requirements for the circulation and cataloguing systems are given and then the ways these have been realised using ALS equipment and software are described. This new ALS system is an extension of previous systems as it includes cataloguing modules and an enhanced record structure. The use of ALS's touch terminal, known as the Browser, at Rotterdam, is also described.


Cooling module simulation for vehicle has been built according to the heat balance test, and the simulation results are compared with the test data to verify the authenticity of the module. This simulation model provides an effective platform for vehicle thermal management analysis. Module is used to simulate the air conditioning running and to find how different ambient temperaturesto effect the performance of the cooling module. The air conditioning working and ambience temperaturewhichis significantly influence the performance of the cooling system.


It was well known that the first generation anti-HCV assay, based on the C 100=3 antigen, a nonstractural gene product of HCV, was found to be an effective, but still an insufficient marker of inf ectivity in blood donors. In order to clarify an effort to prevent posttransfusion hepatitis (PTH), anti-HCV associated screening markers (C100-3, GOR, N-14, EIA II, PHA, Imucheck) were investigated in 450 transf usional cases followed between August 1988 to March 1993. In addition to evaluate those markers, total 682 stored sera from PTH patients and HVC seropositive blood donors were tested for the presence of antibody against HCV by 2nd generation (2nd) markers, mainly PHA and Imucheck, compared with anti-C100-3. One of 105 cases (0.95%) after screening for HCV by 2nd PHA was diagnosed as a typical PTH, even though it was not confirmed as PTH type C without the detection of HCV-RNA by PCR as described in the text. According to our follow-up study on PTH retrospectively using 147 stored sera of 13 defined cases, PTH type C was still remained at least 1-2% of all transfusinal cases after screening for 2nd PHA. Twelve of defined 13 cases were strongly related to HCV with seroconversion, whereas all of suspected 8 ones were not found to be correlation to HCV. Of them, two cases with seropositive 2nd HCV antibody (both PHA and Imucheck) before transfusion indicated the re-infection of HCV seropositive patient by rising in an antibody titer after transfusion. The existense of the neutralizing antibody was suggested in those cases, because of complete recovering from PTH with single ALT peak. The specificity of HCV related markers, 2nd PHA, 2nd EIA II, and Imucheck, were 81.8%, 71.7%, and 73.0%, respectively. They were higher than that of C-100.3 (5L8%) extremely. Finally it was suggested that anti-core antibody in HCV seropositive donor remained continuously as past exposure to HCV and the core antibody titer reflected the existence of HCV.


The aim of the present paper is to validate Lagrangian and Eulerian modeling approaches of biomass fast pyrolysis from comparison with experimental measurements. Wood samples are submitted during measured times to a controlled and concentrated radiation delivered by an image furnace. The heat flux densities are close to those encountered when wood is surrounded by hot bed particles in a dual fluidized bed (DFB) gasifier. In the image furnace, the sample is placed inside a transparent quartz reactor fed by a cold carrier gas. The volatile matter (condensable vapors and gases) released by the solid is quenched inside the reactor. It is hence possible to selectively study primary pyrolysis phenomena occurring at the solid level. All the pyrolysis products (char, vapors, and gases) are recovered, and their masses are measured as a function of the flash time allowing the assessment of mass balances. The yield of vapors does not significantly depend on the available heat flux density, unlike the gases and char ...


A method analysis of square spiral inductors for use in monolithic microwave integrated circuits (MMIC's) is presented. The method is based on the coupled microstrip-line theory and incorporates a novel solution to the multicoupled-line problem. The analysis includes the effect of the discontinuities at the right-angled bends in the lines, and also the feedback effect where the lead-out bridge crosses the lines. The method can be used to analyze components with an arbitrary number of spiral turns. Theoretical results are compared with the measured S-parameters of a 3 1/2-turn component over the range 2-12 GHz, and reasonable agreement between the two is found.


Harmonious society is an ideal society human beings have been pursuing. Historical materialism made it possible. CPC adheres to historical materialism and put forward the magnific goal to construct a harmonious society of socialism. The paper, from aspects of the strategy to prosper our nation by science-technology and education, the reformation of social relations and the important thought of "Three Represents", probes into the practical application of historical materialism in constructing a harmonious society.


Normative Game theory does not consider cooperation in a Prisoners' Dilemma (PD) as a serious strategy. Recent research has, therefore, introduced nonmonetary values to explain why individuals may choose to cooperate in PD-Games. It is not explained, however, where the values come from. Under the assumption of endogenous preferences we show that educating individuals towards a moral commitment can change preferences in a way that a deliberate willingness for cooperation is created. For that we provide a utility function where the compliance to social norms generates utility. Accordingly, we regard the decisions of morally committed individuals as rational.


NMOS based circuits to emulate diodes and Zener diodes are proposed, following the tendency to develop fully CMOS compatible solutions towards overvoltage protection and rectifier circuits, which are highly desirable to implement low cost smart power circuits and microsystems for a wide range of applications. This work presents extensive characterisation, through experiments, on prototypes fabricated using three different standard, low cost, CMOS processes. Comparative analysis of the results supports prospects of implementing the basic blocks required by power integrated circuits (PICs) and by intelligent power devices, resorting only to NMOS switching cells.


In this paper,a synthetic filtering denoising method based on LoG(Laplacian of Gaussian) method of edge detection is presented.At first,the median filter is applied to remove impulse noise,latter it detects the edge of image with LoG method of edge detection,and gets the edge image.Then the Wiener filter is employed further to remove Gaussian and additional noise,and gets the smoothing image.Finally,the edge image is embed into the smoothing image.The method can not only wipe off effectively the noise of images contaminated by mixed Gaussian and Impulse noise,but also can keep the edge information of images and improve the denoising effect and distinct of images.


Plants acquire phosphorus (P) from the soil in order to reach the intracellular concentrations necessary for growth and reproduction. To prevent P starvation, both monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plants have evolved well-regulated systems for inorganic phosphate (Pi) scavenging, acquisition, and recycling. Phosphate starvation responses (PSR) in plants include release of organic acids and hydrolytic enzymes to scavenge soil Pi from organic and inorganic sources, metabolic modifications to bypass ATP requirements, recycling andmobilization of internal P resources, modifications of root system architecture to increase soil exploratory capacity, and, for many plant species, the establishment of symbiotic relations with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Bucher, 2007). Maize (Zea mays) is one of the most widely cultivated crop plants, for both staple food and industrial usage, in tropical and temperate soils worldwide. Under cultivation, especially in acidic and alkaline soils, large quantities of P fertilizer are applied to maize fields in order to maximize yields. P fertilizers, however, are becoming increasingly costly owing to dwindling natural reserves of rock Pi and an increase in the costs of extracting what remains; it is projected that we have already moved beyond the point of peak production (Cordell et al., 2011) and that reserves will be exhausted before the end of the century (Khasawneh et al., 1986). Recent progress in maize genetics and genomics has furthered characterization of the molecular basis of maize PSR, with the potential to provide important information in the development of maize varieties with enhanced P use efficiency.


Organometallic Lewis Acids, LIV. — Mo(CO)2(PPh3)2(O3SCF3)2: A New Precursor for an Organometallic Dicationic Lewis Acid with Three Accessible Coordination Sites

The reaction of Mo(CO)2(PPh3)2Br2 (1) with AgO3SCF3 gives the bis(triflate) complex Mo(CO)2(PPh3)2(O3SCF3)2 (3) which can be considered as a precursor for the 12-e− system "Mo-(CO)2(PPh3)2+2". According to the spectroscopic data one of the two coordinated CF3SO−3 anions is acting as a chelate ligand. Treatment of 3 and of the in situ generated W(CO)2(PPh3)2(O3SCF3)2 (4) with H2O affords the dinuclear hydroxo-bridged complexes [M2(μ-OH)3(CO)4(PPh3)4][CF3SO3] (5: M = Mo; 6: M = W). Acetonitrile replaces the CF3SO−3 ligands in 3 and 4 to afford the cationic complexes [M(CO)2(PPh3)2(NCMe)3][CF3SO3]2 (7: M = Mo; 8: M = W). The reaction of 3 with an excess of 2-butyne and 1-phenyl-1-propyne leads to the monoalkyne complexes Mo(CO)(MeCCR)(PPh3)2(O3SCF3)2 (9: R = Me; 10: R = Ph) in moderate yield. In contrast, the bisalkyne complexes [M(CO)(MeCCMe)2(PPh3)2(O3SCF3)][CF3SO3] (11: M = Mo; 12: M = W) are formed in high yield when a CH2Cl2 solution of 2-butyne is added to 1 and 2 in the presence of AgO3SCF3. At room temperature, 11 and 12 are highly fluxional in solution, while 9 and 10 are stereochemically rigid. Treatment of 11 with acetonitrile yields [Mo(CO)(MeCCMe)2(PPh3)2(NCMe)][CF3SO3]2 (13). Compounds 3–13 (except 4) are characterized by IR, 1H-, 13C-, 19F-, and 31P-NMR spectrescopy.


The risks and main hazards of personnel absorbing in colleges and universities are synthetically analyzed, and prevention measures of that are put forward.


Curry (Muraya koenigii) leaf is an essential leafy spice used widely in cuisine for its distinct flavor and for other medicinal purposes: Analgesic, antidysenteric, antioxidant and in regulating fertility. The Morris water maze was used to study the effects of aqueous extracts of M. koenigii (curry) leaf on learning and memory. Aqueous leaf extracts of M. koenigii (80mg/kg, p.o.) was administered to 7 CD1 strain of mice (18-28 g body weight) while the control group received 0.1 ml/10 kg body weight of distilled water (orally) for 10 days before behavior was assessed. All mice were tested in the Morris water maze for 8 days: At 4 trials per day and 60 seconds per trial. Day 1-3 were for acquisition training, day 4-6 reversal training, day 7, the probe trail and day 8 visible platform task. Results indicate that swim latency were not significantly different between the groups during acquisition and reversal training. The retention quadrant duration was significantly higher for the M. koenigi-treated mice compare to the control (P<0.05). The mice treated with M. koenigi showed a negative weight gain, indicating weight loss (p< 0.05). Therefore the aqueous extracts of M. koenigi improved visuospatial memory in the mice and decreased body weight.


Application of field and laboratory insertion tensiometers, pressure membrane extractor, PME, a dew point potentiameter, WP4, and a geotechnical centrifuge for establishing soil–water characteristic curve (SWCC) of fine-grained soils is well established. However, these techniques are quite elaborate, cumbersome to follow and resort to invasive and destructive techniques for moisture content determination. This calls for development of an alternate technique that can be employed for (a) creating unsaturated state of the soil mass, and (b) measurement of moisture content and soil suction in a non-destructive and non-invasive way. Needless to say, such a technique would be quite helpful for establishing the SWCC, quite easily and rapidly. In this context, possibility of creating unsaturated state of the kaolin soil mass by imposing thermal flux was investigated and its details are presented in this paper. This technique in conjunction with electrical measurements (i.e. voltage in the soil mass) has been found to be quite promising for establishing the SWCC. Validity of the proposed technique has been demonstrated by comparing the resultant SWCC vis-à-vis the SWCCs reported in the literature for this soil and Fredlund et al. (1997; 3rd Brazilian Symposium on Unsaturated Soils, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 1997, April 22–25, pp. 13–23) pedo-transfer function (PTF) available in the SoilVision database.


Some people from some culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds may prefer or expect to be addressed very formally in a formal situation such as a court, or when addressed by someone younger than themselves or of the opposite gender


Proteus and project-driven pedagogy is introduced to the teaching of the microcontroller.It can change the traditional teaching mode,and also provide simulation design and debug in MCU project.It can save teaching resource and improve teaching effectiveness of the microcontroller with the use of Proteus in Auxiliary MCU Teaching.


The synthesis and structural diversification of N-heterocycles systems have attracted much attention because of their potential applications. Three 6-aryl-3-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine-5-carbaldehyde 4 derivatives, in reaction with acetophenones 5, via conventional Claisen–Schmidt condensation reactions, generated the respective enones. The enones were used as electron-deficient olefins in a "formal" [2+3] cycloaddition reaction using p-tosylmethyl isocyanide—TosMIC 7. This protocol allows access to 3-(substituted aroyl)-4-heteroaryl pyrrole derivatives by the Van Leusen method.


The flight ability of the melon fly, Dacus cucurbitae COQUILLETT, was compared between the wild (F1 generation) and mass-reared strains (about F11 generation) at 1, 3, 5, 10, 20, and 30 days after emergence. Males and females of the mass-reared strain flew over a shorter distance than those of the wild strain at the age of 20 and 30 days. During the 2-hr experiment, 30 days old females of the mass-reared strain flew during a shorter period of time than those of the wild strain. The females of the wild strain took less rest than those of the mass-reared strain in 20 and 30 days old individuals. The males and females of the mass-reared strain flew with a lower velocity than those of the wild strain with the increase of age. Thus, the flight ability of the mass-reared strain seemed to be inferior to that of the wild strain at the age of 20 and 30 days. This tendency may be due to the fact that mating occurs earlier in the mass-reared strain than in the wild strain because the mass-reared strain had been selected to mate earlier and to lay more eggs earlier and additionally its longevity became shorter than that of the wild strain.


Department of Global Ecology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, California, USA Environmental Science and Technology Department, Cranfield University, UK Ecosystem Restoration and Intervention Ecology (ERIE) Research Group, School of Plant Biology and the Centre for Integrative Bee Research, University of Western Australia, Australia School of History, Philosophy, and Religion, Oregon State University, USA Ecosystem Restoration and Intervention Ecology (ERIE) Research Group, School of Plant Biology, University of Western Australia, Australia Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, South Africa Geography & Environmental Systems, University of Maryland, USA


Several authors have examined the solvability conditions for an infinite system of differential equations in different Banach spaces using the concept of measure of noncompactness. In all these studies, they have considered differential equations where the boundary conditions are defined on two points. In this paper, we have studied the solvability conditions for an infinite system of third-order three point boundary value problem in the sequence space of bounded variation $bv_0$ with the help of the theory of measure of noncompactness and have given a suitable example to illustrate the result.


The invention discloses a preparation method of 3-(4-fluorophenoxy) pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid. The method is characterized by carrying out hydroxylation, chlorination, condensation and hydrolysis reactions on 3-aminopyrazine-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester which is used as a starting raw material to obtain a target product which is 3-(4-fluorophenoxy) pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid. The 3-(4-fluorophenoxy) pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid is used as a template micromolecule for synthesizing various compound libraries.


Background and Aim: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a genetic hemoglobinopathy. SCD is associated with increased production of reactive oxygen species resulting in hemolysis, endothelial dysfunction, cell adhesion, and vaso-occlusion. Pulmonary disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in SCD. Hence, in the present study we have planned to assess the pro-oxidant and anti-oxidant status and lung function tests in patients with SCD, and sickle cell trait (SCT). Methods: Freshly diagnosed cases of SCD and SCT (based on sickle cell hemoglobin [HbSS] and normal hemoglobin [HbA] pattern by hemoglobin electrophoresis) were included in the study. The lung function tests and oxidative stress parameters namely plasma malondialdehyde (MDA), whole blood superoxide dismutase (SOD) and plasma Vitamin C levels were assessed. Results: Forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in 1 s, maximum mid-expiratory flow rate, peak expiratory flow rate and maximum voluntary ventilation were reduced in patients with SCD and SCT. MDA and SOD levels increased significantly and Vitamin C levels decreased significantly in both homozygous and heterozygous cases of sickle cell anemia. Conclusion: The lung functions were compromised, and oxidative stress was increased in patients with SCD and SCT. The changes were more in SCD.


Abstract In contemporary society a brave new world is envisaged, where the convergence of accounting and auditing standards and suitable enforcement of them will be an important factor in maintaining a global financial infrastructure, a regulatory infrastructure that will ensure the maintenance of financial stability and efficient markets. However, during the 1990s another, and very different initiative concerning accounting at the global level was developing, also connected with the desire to ensure efficient markets, namely that of the World Trade Organisation (WTO) to liberalise trade in accounting services. It is part of the move towards making what the former Director-General, Michael Moore, called a 'world without walls' for services as well as goods [Moore, M. (2003). A World Without Walls: Freedom, Development, Free Trade and Global Governance. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.]. Thus professional accountants, who through their preparation and audit of financial reports are supposed to enable global markets to work, are themselves to be subjected to the discipline of the market.A concept of 'transnational governmentality' is developed from the work of and used to investigate the ways the WTO is attempting to expand and consolidate its power over trade in 'accounting services' with its 'trade perspective' intersects with efforts from a 'regulatory perspective' of organisations like the International Federation of Accountants (IFAC) to create a global financial infrastructure. The paper explores how global rationalities and technologies of free trade in accounting services become intertwined with local regulatory settings through a case study of Malaysia.


Renovascular hypertension is a potentially curable form of secondary hypertension generally due to either atherosclerosis or fibromuscular dysplasia of one or both renal arteries.1,2 The critical element promoting hypertension in this disorder is reduced arterial perfusion to one or both kidneys,1 leading to increased production of renin, which elevates circulating angiotensin II levels.1,2 The resultant high-renin hypertensive state is associated with moderate-to-severe elevation of blood pressure, with an attendant high risk of cardiovascular disease and progressive loss of renal function in the flow-deprived kidney.1 Treatment of renovascular hypertension with angioplasty, stenting, or surgery affords an opportunity to reduce . . .


Swarm intelligence algorithms have been widely and successfully used to optimize many science and engineering problems, the collective behavior of the agents lead to the emergence of intelligence. These interactions among agents can be classified into three categories: exploring, emulating and learning. Brain Storm Optimization (BSO) is a novel swarm intelligence algorithm which is inspired by the human brainstorming process, and generates new ideas by emulating existing ideas. In this paper, a new BSO algorithm with an adaptive learning strategy (BSOAL) is proposed. By considering the evolutionary speed factor of each individual and the aggregation degree of the swarm, the proposed BSO-AL generates new individuals by exploring, emulating or learning adaptively. Comparative experiments were conducted on a set of benchmark functions with different dimensions. The experimental results show that the proposed BSO-AL algorithm outperforms the classic BSO algorithm and the other two state-of-the-art algorithms, which demonstrates the effectiveness of the learning strategy.


The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of e-learning (virtual class) in achieving procedural knowledge necessary to conduct practical class in the laboratory. In this study, teaching modules were prepared on eight selected topic related to pharmacology laboratory works. Virtual classes were conducted among the postgraduate MD students (n=26) of this Department. To know the existing procedural knowledge pre-test was taken before the classes and to evaluate the effectiveness of virtual class,  a post-test was carried out seven days later. To get the feedback from students, two additional questionnaire surveys were done. The performance of each student improved in the post-test in comparison to the pre-test. Most of the students mentioned that virtual class was easier in comparison to face to face class. But they preferred combination classes to learn procedural knowledge.


Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is a hybrid classical-quantum algorithm to approximately solve NP optimization problems such as MAX-CUT. We describe a new application area of QAOA circuits: graph structure discovery. We omit the time-consuming parameter-optimization phase and utilize the dependence of QAOA energy on the graph structure for randomly or judiciously chosen parameters to learn about graphs. In the first part, Following up on Wang et. al. and Brandao et. al. we give explicit formulas. We show that the layer-one QAOA energy for the MAX-CUT problem for three regular graphs carries exactly the information: {\em (# of vertices, # of triangles)}. We have calculated our explicit formulas differently from \cite{wang2018quantum}, by developing the notion of the $U$ polynomial of a graph $G$. Many of our discoveries can be interpreted as computing $U(G)$ under various restrictions. The most basic question when comparing the structure of two graphs is if they are isomorphic or not. We find that the QAOA energies separate all non-isomorphic three-regular graphs up to size 18, all strongly regular graphs up to size 26 and the Praust and the smallest Miyazaki examples. We observe that the QAOA energy values can be also used as a proxy to how much graphs differ. Unfortunately, we have also found a sequence of non-isomorphic pairs of graphs, for which the energy gap seems to shrink at an exponential rate as the size grows. Our negative findings however come with a surprise: if the QAOA energies do not measurably separate between two graphs, then both of their energy landscapes must be extremely flat (indistinguishable from constant), already when the number of QAOA layers is intermediately large. This holds due to a remarkable uncoupling phenomenon that we have only deduced from computer simulation.


The development of power electrical systems causes attention to accuracy of protection elements and measurement values. So we need some new measuring devices with high accuracy for power transmission lines. One of these devices is Optical Current Transformer (OCT). Optical current transformers are suitable for power system protection and can replace the magnetic current transformers. In this paper, we described a comparison between optical current transformers and conventional current transformers. Using an optical current transformer has several advantages, e.g. high accuracy, low weight, easy installation and no-saturation. But it has some disadvantages also, like if the magnetic fields induced by the currents through other conductors is sufficiently high, the fault current measured will have some errors. In general, the optical current transformer device is more reliable and suitable for new power systems.


The coefficient of friction (COF) of articular cartilage is thought to increase with osteoarthritis (OA) progression, and this increase may occur due to a decrease in lubricin concentration. The objectives of this study were to measure the COF of guinea pig tibiofemoral joints with different stages of OA and to establish relationships between COF, lubricin concentrations in synovial fluid, and degradation status using the Hartley guinea pig model. Both hind limbs from 24 animals were harvested: seven 3‐month‐old (no OA), seven 12‐month‐old (mild OA), and 10 that were euthanized at 12 months of age after undergoing unilateral ACL transection at 3 months of age (moderate OA). Contralateral knees served as age‐matched controls. COFs of the tibiofemoral joints were measured using a pendulum apparatus. Synovial fluid lavages were analyzed to determine the concentration and integrity of lubricin using ELISA and Western blot, and the overall articular cartilage status was evaluated by histology. The results showed that the mean COF in the ACL‐deficient knees was significantly greater than that of the no OA (p < 0.01) and mild OA knees (p < 0.01). Lubricin concentrations in the ACL‐deficient knees were significantly lower than that in both of the other groups (p < 0.01). No significant differences in COF or lubricin concentration were found between the no OA and mild OA knees. Histology verified the extent of cartilage damage in each group. © 2007 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 26:231–237, 2008


The third part of the book presents "Economywide Perspectives†on the future of Ethiopian agriculture. Chapter 11, "Nonfarm Income and Rural Labor Markets,†examines how the rapid transformation in Ethiopia's economy is affecting off-farm income and labor markets in rural areas.13 Data from a large-scale household survey in high potential agricultural areas show that total off-farm income (defined as wage and enterprise income) makes up 18 percent of total rural household income. The shares of off-farm income and wage income are even larger for the poor and for female- and youth-headed households. Moreover, given strong growth in agriculture and the overall Ethiopian economy, real rural wages have increased by 54 percent since 2006. While this wage increase is good news for the poor, it also induces adjustments in agricultural production practices, including increased adoption of labor-substituting technologies such as herbicides and mechanization. Higher wages and incomes relax liquidity constraints in the off-season for some households, also contributing to higher productivity.


The progression in present manufacturing technology created the need of developing new materials for superior wear resistance. The objective of this paper is to optimize the three process parameters wear loss, wear rate, specific wear at three different levels with Taguchi technique in L9 Orthogonal array. A multi-response optimization technique Grey relational analysis is used to obtain the single process parameter setting for both the responses. LM26 metal matrix composite is fabricated by stir casting technique with Almandine garnet particles as reinforcement in different weight percentages with two different particle sizes. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was conducted to recognize the prevalent factor and found all the three factors as being critical. The above process was validated by Linear regression technique after conformation tests has been performed.


Background— Muscle atrophy in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) may be due to the activation of apoptotic and proteolytic pathways. Objective— We hypothesized that activation of caspase-3 in the skeletal muscle mediates apoptosis and proteolysis during hemodialysis (HD). Materials and Methods— Eight ESRD patients were studied before (pre-HD) and during HD and the finding were compared with those from six healthy volunteers. Protein kinetics was determined by primed constant infusion of L-(ring 13 C 6 ) Phenylalanine. Results— Caspase-3 activity in the skeletal muscle was higher in ESRD patients pre-HD than in controls (24966.0±4023.9 vs. 15293.3±2120.0 units, p<0.01) and increased further during HD (end-HD) (37666.6±4208.3 units) (p<0.001). 14 kDa actin fragments generated by caspase-3 mediated cleavage of actinomyosin was higher in the skeletal muscle pre-HD (68%) and during HD (164%) compared to controls. The abundance of ubiquitinized carboxy-terminal actin fragment was also significantly increased during HD. Skeletal muscle biopsies obtained at the end of HD exhibited augmented apoptosis, which was higher than that observed in pre-HD and control samples (p<0.001). IL-6 content in the soluble fraction of the muscle skeletal muscle was increased significantly during HD. Protein kinetic studies showed that catabolism was higher in ESRD patients during HD compared to pre-HD and control subjects. Muscle protein catabolism was positively associated with caspase-3 activity and skeletal muscle IL-6 content. Conclusion— Muscle atrophy in ESRD may be due to IL-6 induced activation of caspase-3 resulting in apoptosis as well as muscle proteolysis during HD. skeletal muscle apoptosis and protein breakdown through activation of the caspase cascade and the Ub-P pathway. Our results show that caspase-3 activity and skeletal muscle apoptosis are elevated in ESRD patients at baseline (Pre-HD) compared to control subjects and increases further at end of HD (End-HD). Muscle protein catabolism was positively associated with interleukin-6 (IL-6) and caspase-3 activity.


The education of communism is an innovative method of carrying out the ideological and political education of university students.It is of great significance for colleges and universities to conduct the education of communism,but at the same time they are faced with many difficulties.Therefore,it is a problem demanding a prompt solution on how to carry out the education of communism to guide the ideology of college students in a creative way.Moreover,the measures of carrying out the education of communism are indispensable to the content of the research.


It was shown that the polymerization of glycolide in the presence of a noncopolymerizing additive, cyclic carbonate (ethylene carbonate), yields a polymer that contains some amount of this difficult to remove additive and that the physical properties of the produced polymer differ from those of poly(glycolide) prepared by bulk polymerization. The structure of poly(glycolide) synthesized in the presence of the additive was studied by X-ray diffraction, and comparison of these data with the results from the X-ray diffraction analysis of poly(glycolide) prepared in bulk demonstrated that the crystal lattice parameters of both polymers were identical. The amorphous region of poly(glycolide) prepared in the presence of the additive changes significantly. It was established that, in the course of polymerization, the greater part of the additive is homogeneously distributed in the amorphous region and is linked by hydrogen bonds. The complex structure of the amorphous regions of poly(glycolide) synthesized in the presence of the additive is explained by the occurrence of secondary reactions between the polymer and the additive. It was found that secondary reactions may produce poly(glycolide) molecules in which aliphatic carbonate units are distributed along chain or occur at chain ends with equal probability. Such macromolecules are concentrated in the amorphous region, producing amorphous phases with different structures.


The seventeenth century was the great age of English panegyric, and no events stimulated writers of this genre more than royal successions. This chapter considers panegyric as a dynamic form of political expression: poems, at their best, engaged with contemporary debates about the authority of the monarchy and relations between subjects and their rulers. The chapter focuses on panegyrics produced for the three Stuart reigns that began with monarchs arriving in England from elsewhere: those of James I in 1603, Charles II in 1660, and William III and Mary II in 1688–9. The chapter argues that the century's manifold political changes placed intense strains on panegyric, and concludes by considering two poets who, under conditions of intense personal pressure, openly rejected it. Despite their different politics, George Wither and Aphra Behn both reflect valuably upon the limitations of this vital genre of political literature.


This aims of this study were: (1) to determine the prevalence of co‐occurring borderline personality disorder (BPD) in a first‐episode psychosis (FEP) sample; (2) to determine differences between patients with and without BPD on demographics, comorbidities and clinical risks and other variables; and (3) to examine whether BPD comorbidity influenced treatment received by patients for FEP during their first 3 months after service entry to a specialist early psychosis service.


AbstractIn this paper, a local surface interpolation scheme for triangle meshes based on a quartic triangular Bezier patch is presented. This work extends previous research in surface interpolation to cater for any arbitrary node configuration with special focus on feature retention. The approach involves a hierarchical feature identification process which extracts all the feature edges and nodes. Based on this feature hierarchy, the nodal normal and tangent vectors are defined and used as input parameters for the surface interpolation. Finally, the control points of the Bezier patch is calculated by modifying the Walton scheme. Results show that the geometrical approximation is significantly improved using this surface interpolation scheme in a remeshing context. Strict feature retention is also achieved with good shape approximation.


Assimilation and inverse problems are solved under a chaotic regime by combining a sequential data analysis, an iterative restriction of the search domain and a nonlinear optimization method. Our results are based on the Lorenz model which is run with known initial conditions and a parameter set which induces chaotic oscillations of the measured state variable. A small synthetic data set is formed which expands over several Lyapunov timescales. A cost function is then built from the model departures from the observed data and the corresponding predictions taken from any trial orbit of phase space. In the assimilation, this function reflects the complexity of the optimization problem (exponential growth of the number of local minima when increasing the number of data). The cost function also depends on geometric features of the dynamics, since the basin associated with any local minimum is stirred along the sheets of the local stable manifold. In the inversion, any search path in parameter space corresponds to a bifurcation sequence of the dynamics. The shape of the cost function is related to the orbit divergence in phase space, say to the local principal Lyapunov exponents of the trial and reference orbit. Paradoxically, under a chaotic regime, the sensitivity to initial conditions or versatility of the orbits when perturbing the control parameters allow us to dynamically probe the phase or parameter spaces with a high resolution, even with a small data set. In the presence of noise stirred basins of acceptable solutions can be efficiently delineated.


This study analyzes the effect of industry R&D intensity on the degree of product diversification and examines the interaction effect of free cash flow on the previous relationship at the current time in large US firms. Using the S&P 500 sample, we found support for the hypothesis that industry R&D intensity has a positive impact on the degree of product diversification. On the contrary, this study has found partial support for the hypothesis that free cash flow positively affects the previous relationship. Copyright 2006, Oxford University Press.


Starting from the building space, gradually researched elements of architectural space, and respectively elaborated the influence of pointlike, line, face shape, form, simple sense and lighting six elements to the expression of building, so as to produce guiding role to the space design and expression of modern architecture.


Managing Depression, Growing Older: A Guide for Professionals and Carers By Kerrie Eyers, Gordon Parker, Henry Brodaty Allen & Unwin. 2012. AUD $27.99 (pb), 300pp. ISBN: 9781742378800

Old age psychiatry has experienced a change in its culture. With the ageing population predicted to rise


We describe the experience of building an ontology for use in an agent-based system in support of the Materials Microcharacterization Collaboratory (MMC). The ontology expresses facts related to users of scientific instrumentation such as electronic microscopes and a neutron-beam line. The users, experts and types of experiments are also described. The Zeus Agent Toolkit ontology editor was used.


We consider a risk model with a premium rate which varies with the level of free reserves. In this model, the occurrence of claims is described by a Cox process with Markov intensity process, and the influence of stochastic factors is considered by adding a diffusion process. The integro-differential equation for the ruin probability is derived by a infinitesimal method.


Summary Hunting is a major threat to wildlife, and the use of dogs for subsistence hunting may significantly impact wildlife. I assessed the impacts of hunting with dogs by comparing the assemblages of species hunted by the Huni Kuin with and without dogs in indigenous lands in southwestern Brazilian Amazonia. I also assessed whether Huni Kuin agreements on hunting with dogs can be effective for conservation. Huni Kuin hunters with dogs rely on a different assemblage of prey than those without dogs; the former strategy targets mainly fast-reproducing, resilient species, whereas the latter method kills several sensitive or threatened species. Hunting with dogs is also limited to disturbed mixed landscapes near villages because the dogs are used to protect crops and are not allowed into forests in order to prevent them from becoming lost. Additionally, compared to hunting without dogs, hunting with dogs results in an equivalent amount of meat with the use of less effort and ammunition. Moreover, hunting with dogs is not associated with an increase in the distance of prey from villages. Therefore, there is no conservation-related reason to prohibit hunting with mixed-breed dogs in subsistence communities. Nevertheless, community agreements mediate local conflicts caused by the social inequalities related to hunting with dogs.


The current university library appear "too little,too many people magazine",Management style and age apart,Not for readers with high quality professional service problems.Based on this,This paper deeply analyzed the university library the trend of the development of the future,Think to perfect the university library management system,It must go the way of innovation,To construct a new management model.


This paper presents a syntax‐directed editor dubbed SRE, for syntax recognizing editor. Unlike other syntax‐directed editors, SRE enables the user to edit programs with nearly the same natural and unrestrictive ease as a conventional text editor. In addition, it helps identify syntax errors and many typing errors before leaving the editor and attempting to compile a program. Programs are also formatted during entry, thereby providing immediate visual feedback of the recognized structure. The editor replaces the scanner/parser pass of a conventional compiler and thus reduces compilation time substantially.


During one's life a person keeps on facing a dilemma: to attain a set goal by himself or to use team's assistance to make a task easier. A vivid example showing a complexity of choice in similar situation is a process of studying in university, when a student must decide whether he will crib or rely only on his own knowledge. Our research shows that decision-making in this case is affected not only by formal but also by informal institutes, such as friendship, principles of professional ethics, etc. Moreover, impact of informal institutional norms could become decisive during choosing an optimal strategy. The theoretical model and the experiment described in the article proved that in case certain personality characteristics are present independent work will be the most useful for the student.


Much can be gained by specifying the operation of the emulation process. A brief review of studies from diverse domains, including complex motor-skill representation, emotion perception, and face memory, highlights that emulation theory offers precise explanations of results and novel predictions. However, the neural instantiation of the emulation process requires development to move the theory from armchair to laboratory.


Abstract The consolidated audit report is considered among the most used tools of financial communication. It is a written message that conveys the opinion of the independent auditor on the consolidated financial statements. Theoretically, the same report can reinforce the mechanisms and systems of governance of corporate groups. The consolidated audit report must be readable by all users of the financial statements and readers of financial information. Comprehensibility of the report is a qualitative feature that enhances the usefulness of financial information. Internationally, the content of the consolidated audit report is standardized by the International Standard on Auditing 700. The linguistic imperfection of international accounting standardization can reduce the relevance and reliability of the consolidated audit report. This article analyzes the structure and language features of this report. It measures the linguistic performance of the illustration provided by the international standard ISA 700, and discusses the impact of the translation of the normative consolidated audit report.


This study aims to elucidate the correlation between enhancing high-level cognitive thinking skills among school students and their self-assurance when tackling mathematical challenges. Employing a qualitative research approach, specifically the library research method, this investigation entails an in-depth exploration of various scholarly sources, encompassing articles and books, to serve as research data. These sources are directly pertinent to students' sequential thinking proficiency and self-belief in addressing mathematical problems. The outcomes derived from this research substantiate the existence of a discernible association between students and their instructors within the classroom setting. This interplay possesses the potential to exert an influential impact on the students' overall condition and academic achievements. Furthermore, a compelling correlation emerges between these two pivotal factors. Consequently, students with elevated high-level cognitive thinking skills and a corresponding self-assured disposition are inherently predisposed to demonstrating a greater propensity for successfully resolving mathematical challenges. This study highlights the intrinsic connection between students' cognitive capacities and self-confidence levels, underscoring the pivotal role these factors play in their ability to address mathematical problems effectively.


This study focuses on a certain aspect of substitution effect between FX and stock market investments. The motivation for this approach is that a forecast of future correlations and volatilities is the basis for pricing models, according to Engle (2002). Forecasts are obtained via a methodology based on a bivariate GARCH model. For illustration, we choose the Turkish market, since the two markets, the FX and the stock markets, are perceived as alternative investment opportunities by Turkish investors. Our conclusion is that investors should be aware of the degree of substitution, and hence of risk spillovers, at the time of their investment.


Impairments in placental development can result in intrauterine growth restriction, miscarriage, and preeclampsia. The bioactive nutrient choline has previously been shown to modulate various aspects of placental function in healthy third trimester pregnant women and human trophoblast cell culture. To further explore the role of choline intake in placental function and fetal development, we investigated the effects of maternal choline supplementation (MCS) in a mouse model of placental insufficiency. Dlx3+/‐ female mice were assigned to control, 2X or 4X intake levels of choline during gestation and were sacrificed at embryonic days E10.5, E12.5, E15.5, and E18.5. Data was analyzed using linear mixed models with dam as a random factor. At E10.5 the 4x choline treatment increased embryo weight by 70% in wildtype (WT) pups (P<.001) and by 60% in heterozygous (HET) pups (P=.013) compared to controls. Similarly, placental efficiency (ratio of embryo weight to placental weight) was increased by 44% in HET pups (P=.044) on 4X choline. However, by E12.5, neither 2X or 4X choline group pups weighed more than controls. At E18.5, both WT (P=.024) and HET (P=.024) 4X pups showed 10% lower weight as compared to controls. Placental weight and fetal crown‐rump length did not differ significantly between groups at any gestational time point. Overall, these data suggest that MCS improves fetal growth in early pregnancy in the Dlx3+/‐ mouse with potential compensatory adjustments to slow growth as gestation progresses. The molecular mechanisms yielding these effects of MCS are under investigation.


This paper reviews the process of privatization under successive British governments. It concludes that the Thatcher experiment has had an effect in reversing the previous trend towards nationalization. This has been part of a continuing worldwide swing away from government enterprise. The major result has been an increase in internal efficiency (as distinct from allocative efficiency) of the enterprises concerned. Purchases of shares by management and workers of privatized firms has created an important lobby which will oppose renationalization by a future government.


Biodiversity Conservation is one of requirement for the reclamation plan of post-mining area of limestone as one of raw material extraction for cement manufacturing. Previous publication of Semen Tonasa Creating Shared Value conception has been developed from single biodiversity aspect into community centralization within integration to energy efficiency and best environmental practice. Geopark Bulu Sipong, as one of historical biodiversity conservation that has been initiated for several years are still became ongoing activity based on strategic planning. This paper mainly discuss about the conservation and community activities of Cement Tonasa. Collaboration among of these activities has added value in resulting economic beneficiaries to improve community welfare. There is also environmental and social benefit as positive impacts of the scopes development. Main goals of program development are to support and contribute to the global Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): in terms of Decent Work and Economic Growth (8 th ), Life on Land (15 th ), and Partnership for the Goals (17 th ). The progress result for the first quarter-year of 2019 is the development of partnership, program and activity planning, and also economic valuation. Partnership development both internal and external, are mainly collaboration between divisions or agencies to achieve the goals. We conclude that collaboration between industry, stakeholders, and local community will bring sustainable improvement to the environment. Also, economic activity has improved 70% of average income compared to regional standard. This is a good starting point to achieve sustainability to the surrounding environment even without industrial activity in the future.


When pharmacists discuss confidentiality, they are usually referring to patient confidentiality. Ever since the 1996 Health Information Portability and Accountability Act, we have changed how we do business from prescription processing to protection of electronic health information. However, pharmacists deal with many other confidential processes. Are we as vigilant about maintaining confidentiality in these areas?


Objective
To compare the effects on cardiac function between pacings of right outflow tract (RVOT)and right vcntricular apex(RVA).

Methods
According to the digital table,30 patients with high degree atrioventricular block which need for permanent pacemaker were randomly divided into the group RVA and group RVOT,15 cases in each group,and the DDD or VVI pacemaker was implanted.The programmable pacemakers was carried out,3,12 months after the operation.By Doppler ultrasound,the left and right ventricular synchronization time,end diastolic diameter(LVDd),left ventricular ejection fraction(EF) was checked, ECG QRS wave width(QRSd),6 minutes walking distance(6MWT) was examined.

Results
Followed up for 12 months,there was no shift,electrode dislocation and other complications.The left and right ventricular synchronization time of group RVOT[(59±10)ms]was significantly better that that in the RVA group[(80±11) ms](P<0.05).Following up,the EF[(60±4)%],LVDd[(45±6)mm],6MWT[440±10)m]in RVOT group after operation were better than[(48±5)%,(54±7)mm,(380±13)m](all P< 0.05),the QRSd of RVOT group[(134±9)ms]was significantly shortened than that of group RVA[(186±20)ms](P< 0.05).

Conclusion
RVOT septum pacing can be more effective in cardiac function than RVA pacing.

Key words:
Cardiac Pacing,Artificial; Stroke Volume


In this paper I recount the difficulties of working with the group whose members were traumatized during the bombing of Serbia and Montenegro in 1999. The difficulties were most present in transference-countertransference relations. The focus will be the influence of the projective identification mechanism on counter-transference, and how this mechanism is used in order to express the feelings that cannot otherwise be expressed, except for the therapist to experience them. The communications aspects of Projective Identification (PI) were evident when the group members tended to provoke certain feelings and thoughts within the therapist, trying to involve him in some kind of an acting-out and so avoid anxiety related to their feelings. Therefore it was of great importance that the therapist should observe his countertransference feelings as the way for the feelings of the group members to be registered, since they cannot be registered in any other way.


We describe the practical development of a smart lighting control system, CS-Light, that uses a preexisting surveillance camera infrastructure as the sole sensing substrate. At a high level, the camera feeds are used to both (a) estimate the illuminance of individual, fine-grained (roughly 12m2) sub-regions, and (b) identify sub-regions that have non-transient human occupancy. Subsequently, these estimates are used to perform fine-grained (non-binary) power optimization of a set of LED luminaires, collectively minimizing energy consumption while assuring comfort to human occupants. The key to our approach is the ability to tackle the challenging problem of translating the luminance (pixel intensity) of image frames into accurate estimates of the illuminance (LUX) of the various sub-regions, under variations in ambient lighting and layouts. To overcome this challenge, we develop a novel technique that (a) classifies image pixels as corresponding to light vs. dark-colored surfaces, and (b) uses unsupervised ML-based color-specific, pixel-to-LUX classifiers and statistical aggregation to provide robust LUX estimates. Experimental studies, conducted over a collaborative work area in an operational ZEB, demonstrate CS-Light's efficacy: it supports accurate pixel-to-LUX estimation (median error= 8.5%), and its real-time multi-LED adaptation results in appreciable energy savings (63.5% in low occupancy situations), while ensuring negligible perceptual discomfort to human occupants.


The spatial dispersion of Campylomma verbasci (Meyer) on apple was determined in 166 sets of limb-tap samples from 11 commercial and 4 research orchards. The data were compared for fit to the Poissonand negative binomial distributions and described using Iwao's regression technique and Taylor's power law. C. verbasci was moderately aggregated on apple; the basic components of the population were groups of nymphs or single adults. Taylor's coefficients, a = 1.686 and b = 1.284, were used as a basis for sampling, and optimal sample sizes of 47, 29, and 19 taps per 0.5 ha of orchard were calculated for densities of 1, 2, and 4 nymphs per tap, respectively. A fixed precision level sampling plan and a sequential decision plan were developed for rapid estimation of population densities within apple orchards.


Australia is the second largest uranium producing country and the largest uranium exporting country in the world.Over the past ten years,both average uranium production and export annually is more than 8000 tons(U2O8).And on the other hand,China is one of the fastest growth nations in uranium consumption in the world for the same period of time,and has huge need potential for the uranium in the years to come.In this paper,the author has discussed the conditions of uranium productions and exports in Australia as well as the conditions of uranium consumptions and need growth in China for the past ten years,and on the basis of that,the author has further discussed the cooperative potential and prospect on uranium between China and Australia in the future.


Selected books from this list will be reviewed in future issues. Abolafia, M. Y. Making Markets: Opportunism and Restraint on Wall Street. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2001. 216 pp. $18.95, paper. Anders, K. Beyond Results: Accountability, Discretion and Performance Budget Reform. New York: Elsevier/JAI, 2001. 157 pp. $89.00. Cann, S. J. Administrative Law, 3rd ed. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 2001. 551 pp. $74.95. Chidambaram, L., ed. E-Service Journal: A Journal of Electronic Services in the Public and Private Sectors. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press, 2001. 97 pp. No price given. Clark, T., and R. Fincham, eds. Critical Consulting: New Perspectives on the Management Advice Industry. Williston, VT: Blackwell, 2001. 283 pp. $69.95. Coghlan, D., and T. Brannick. Doing Action Research in Your Own Organization. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 2001. 128 pp. $74.00, cloth; $27.95, paper. Cohen, S. S. Championing Child Care. New York: Columbia University Press, 2001. 397 pp. $52.50, cloth; $26.00, paper. Curran, J., and R. A. Blackburn. Researching the Small Enterprise. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 2001. 208 pp. $65.00, cloth; $19.95, paper. Dorminey, B. Distant Wanderers: The Search for Planets beyond the Solar System. New York: Copernicus, 2001. 226 pp. $29.95. Doz, Y., J. Santos, and R Williamson. From Global to Metanational: How Companies Win in the Knowledge Economy. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2001. 272 pp. No price given. Erez, M., U. Kleinbeck, and H. Thierry, eds. Work Motivation in the Context of a Globalizing Economy. Mahwah, NJ: LEA, 2001. 439 pp. $45.00. Ferraro, G. Global Brains: Knowledge and Competencies for the 21st Century. Charlotte, NC: Intercultural Associates, 2001. 232 pp. $24.95. Forsythe, D. E. Studying Those Who Study Us: An Anthropologist in the World of Artificial Intelligence. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2001. 242 pp. $60.00, cloth; $22.95, paper. Fountain, J. E. Building the Virtual State: Information Technology and Institutional Change. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution, 2001. 251 pp. $44.95, cloth; $18.95, paper. Grandori, A. Organization and Economic Behavior. New York: Routledge, 2001. 470 pp. $39.95, paper. Hancock, R, and M. Tyler. Work, Postmodernism and Organization: A Critical Introduction. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 2001. 256 pp. $99.00, cloth; $33.00, paper. Henry, J. Creative Management, 2d ed. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 2001. 328 pp. $91.00, cloth; $31.00, paper. Hogarth, R. M. Educating Intuition. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2001. 335 pp. $30.00. Holland, D. Red Zone Management: Changing the Rules for Pivotal Times. Chicago: Dearborn, 2001. 257 pp. No price given. Khandwalla, R N. Turnaround Excellence: Insights from 120 Cases. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 2001. 489 pp. $75.00. Koenig, T. H., and M. L. Rustad. In Defense of Tort Law. New York: NYU Press, 2001. 345 pp. $45.00. Kraines, G. A. Accountability Leadership: How to Strengthen Productivity through Sound Managerial Leadership. Franklin Lakes, NJ: Career Press, 2001. 221 pp. $24.95. Locke, K. Grounded Theory in Management Research. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 2001. 172 pp. $58.00, cloth; $22.95, paper. Lomi, A., and E. R. Larsen. Dynamics of Organizations: Computational Modeling and Organization Theories. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2001. 502 pp. $39.95. London, M. Leadership Development: Paths to Self-Insight and Professional Growth. Mahwah, NJ: LEA, 2001. 293 pp. $45.00. Martin, J. Organizational Culture: Mapping the Terrain. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 2001. 402 pp. $78.00, cloth; $34.95, paper. Morgan, G., P. H. Kristensen, and R. Whitley, eds. The Multinational Firm: Organizing across Institutional and National Divides. New York: Oxford University Press, 2001. 321 pp. ?40.00. Nash, J. C., and M. M. Nash. Practical Forecasting for Managers. New York: Oxford University Press, 2001. 296 pp. $40.00. Nonaka, I., and D. Teece, eds. Managing Industrial Knowledge: Creation, Transfer and Utilization. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 2001. 352 pp. $99.00, cloth; $33.00, paper. Nufrio, R M. Changing Organizational Culture: A Study of National Government. Lanham, MD: University Press of America, 2001. 134 pp. $42.00, paper.


Introduction The Persian architecture in Kashmir flourished under the Muslims and Iranian rulers in 14th century; they invaded this province and established their rule, providing a new quality to the city, both in cultural and physical form. Wood since then played a major role in the architectural development of Kashmir. The wooden architectures found In Kashmir Indicate its ancient history. Due to the presence of wood In abundant amount, suitability to the climate, country, and the needs of the people, the wooden constructional method became in use, The technique therefore of the woodwork of Kashmir consisted in the elementary set-up of laying one log parallel on another, as in brickwork. They constructed not only the walls, but also on occasion the piers for the support of any superstructure; in the case of an ordinary pillar however, single tree trunks were generally employed. Mostly a variety of cedar tree or deodar tree is used for the wooden construction. Several of such log construction in the series of bridges or Kadals can be found around the river Jhelum at Srinagar. Examining Kashmir Cultural Architecture The cultural architecture of Kashmir is characterized by its amazing woodwork influenced from Persian culture; it exhibits a generous array of stupendous constructional wonders. From the beautiful gardens and wonderful museums, to the holy mosques and shrines, each and every construction depicts the saga of magnificence of the past Kingdoms of the valley. The best illustrations of wooden architecture of Kashmir are Kadals, the wooden bridges and Ziarats, the wooden shrines respectively. Most of the wooden constructions in this province were done by deodar trees. Later In the period of 16th to 17th centuries, Mughals not only developed the specific wooden architecture of Kashmir, they also tried to revive the stone building art in that province. Some of the famous examples of wooden architectures of Kashmir are Jami Masjid at Srinagar constructed by Sikandar Butshlkan (1400 AD), Fort of Hali Parbat, Shah Hamdan in Srinagar(Fig. 1,2), the Pattar Masjid (1623) and the Akhun Mulla Shah's mosque (1649).


Background. The city of Gomel, being a large industrial center, is the second most populous city of Belarus. The aim of the research is the regional analysis of geoecological situations in Gomel, identifying the most critical areas from the viewpoint of ecological violation and creating a comprehensive environmental map of the city based on this research. Materials and methods. The data for mapping included the maps of the environmental states of the city districts, statistics and fund data, literature sources. On the basis of territorial synthesis of ecological information under analysis experts defined certain areas of environmental situations differing in the degree of their pollution within the city. Results. The territory was divided into four classes according to the level of the natural environment violation: the territories with the critical level are represented by three local areas in the west of the city, including the territory and surroundings of the MSW landfill, a working sand quarry «Osovtsy» and the territory of Gomel chemical plant together with industrial phosphogypsum dumps the territories with a high pollution level mainly occupy the functional center of the city, its northern, northwestern and western parts, as well as the south of Novobelitsky district the territories with an average level of pollution include mainly the private sector zones in the central and north-eastern parts of the city, the main part of the territory of Novobelitsky district and much of the southwestern part of the city territories with a low pollution level cover annually flooded areas of the Sozh floodplain, as well as the urban areas on the eastern outskirts of the city. Conclusions. In the city of Gomel there can be found areas with very different environmental violation level ranging from relatively satisfactory to critical. The main factor for forming the areas with the critical and high level of environment violation is the presence of large industrial enterprises in the north and particularly in the west of the city that has a devastating impact on the formation of ecological environment taking into account the dominant Western transfer of air masses.


s are reproduced as submitted. The AOA and The Journal assume no responsibility for the content of abstracts presented herein. 51st Annual AOA


At present,a new social security system in China has already undergone formative stage and achieved remarkable result,but the system is far from maturity and many problems still exist,especially in the western minority regions,which need to be dealt with and perfected.Taking Kasgur of Xinjiang as an example,this paper discusses the present state of social security,analyzes the existing problems and causes,and proposes a few suggestions for the perfection of the whole security system.


This study was conducted to determine crop and soil test responses to phosphorus(P)fertilizer on a soil determined to be responsive to this nutrient. Specifically, we wanted to determine which of five soil extractants would best determine plant available P.


Fake news is the contents that claim people to believe with thefalsification, sometime it is the sensitive messages. Mixing bothbelievable and unbelievable information on social media has madethe confusion of truth. That is the truth will be hardly classified. Thetechniques for detecting the Fake News means its a false story whichcomes from unauthorized source. Only by building a model based on acount vectorizer or a Term Frequency- Inverse Document Frequency i.e.TF-IDF score matrix calculation can only get you so far. It may happenthat the meaning two article be similar. Combating the fake news is aclassic text classification project with a straight forward proposition.We can implement a task by Naive Bayes or any other method to findout the real vs fake news.


Semitransparent gold films under 10 nm thick were produced with ion plating onto glass and were shown to give improvements, depending on thickness, for either solar control or transparent heat‐mirror applications relative to conventional deposits. Film inhomogeneities, modified gold optical constants, and ion‐beam assisted onset of film coalescence all play an important role. An anomalously large frequency dependence of conduction electron relaxation time was identified in a continuous film from a Drude analysis.


OBJECTIVE
To evaluate whether eye size and shape are different in children based on their parental history of myopia.

DESIGN
A community-based cohort study of schoolchildren (aged 6 to 14 years), the Orinda (Calif) Longitudinal Study of Myopia.

SETTING
Four campuses of the Orinda Union School District, a predominantly white, high socioeconomic status community.

PARTICIPANTS
A cross-sectional volunteer sample of 716 children (662 non-myopic) in the first, third, and sixth grades in 1989, 1990, and 1991. All children in those grades were eligible for inclusion in the study.

INTERVENTION(S)
None.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Refractive error (measured by autorefraction), corneal curvature (measured by photokeratoscopy), crystalline lens power (measured by video phakometry), and axial ocular dimensions (measured by ultrasonography).

RESULTS
With prevalent cases of myopia excluded and grade in school and "near work" controlled for, children with two myopic parents had longer eyes and less hyperopic refractive error (analysis of covariance, P < or = .01) than children with only one myopic parent or no myopic parents. A model incorporating parental history is only improved by the addition of near work for the prediction of refractive error.

CONCLUSIONS
Even before the onset of juvenile myopia, children of myopic parents have longer eyes. These results suggest that the premyopic eye in children with a family history of myopia already resembles the elongated eye present in myopia.


In coastal marshes on James Bay and southern Hudson Bay, Canada, the grass Festuca rubra L. is heavily used for forage by both Snow (Chen caerulescens caerulescens (Linnaeus)) and Canada Geese (Branta canadensis (Linnaeus)). On Akimiski Island, James Bay, this grass occurs in a mosaic of short, heavily grazed patches and tall, lightly grazed patches. We investigated whether short plants are primarily a plastic morphological response to grazing by geese. Over two growing seasons, we measured growth of short patches protected from grazing and of tall patches subjected to mowing treatments, with unmanipulated short and tall controls. Protection resulted in rapid conversion from a short growth form to a tall form, similar in height and biomass to plants in tall control plots. Mowed tall plants also rapidly recovered to near tall control values for height and biomass. A single 3 week treatment episode often permitted nearly full recovery to tall form. In some cases, more sustained protection was required, but ...