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Recently, a friend was telling me about her 3-year-old daughter's recent obsession with screens. She received a
for Christmas and has been spending long hours alternating between using it and playing games on the family computer. And while the games she's playing are all educational, my friend worries about how absorbed her daughter becomes in the devices and how angry she gets when they're turned off or taken away. Plus, she feels guilty about not being the one teaching her daughter. 'Shouldn't she be learning her ABCs from me?' she asked. I couldn't offer her much advice about her first two concerns. As a stay-at-home mom, I'm guilty of keeping my child occupied with TV or cartoons on YouTube to buy myself a precious few minutes to cook, clean or meet a deadline – and my own 3-year-old can be inconsolable if I turn off 'Sofia the First.' (Louis CK has a
about this very issue – just be forewarned there are expletives.) I try to find a balance between screen time for the girls and sanity for myself, and some days are better than others. But that second part of her worry – the idea that she should be teaching her child everything one-on-one – is something upon which I can weigh in. In just the past couple months my older daughter has become more confident with her ABCs – pointing out letters she recognizes while we're driving around or sounding out words and correctly identifying the first letter. She generally seems more interested in letters than in the past. I attribute this in part to the
we got her for Christmas. The pretend computer focuses on learning the alphabet, using songs and games in addition to reviewing letter sounds. I often give it to Lily to play with during quiet time when her little sister is napping, then I put it up on a shelf for the rest of the day. I told my friend that I thought electronic toys, apps and computer games were just more tools in our toolbox as parents to help our children learn these early skills. They are not replacing us as parents and educators, but reinforcing things we've already talked about with more old school toys. In fact, I'm pretty impressed with the variety of tools we have on hand when it comes to learning the alphabet. There's the ubiquitous
Fisher-Price Laugh & Learn Love to Play Puppy
, which sings the ABCs. There's also alphabet flashcards, fridge magnets, puzzles and lift-the-flap books. In addition, we have a
with an awesome
book that teaches preschoolers the ABCs with instruments and animals that start with each letter. I recently downloaded a free app called
for my Android phone that shows traditional alphabet blocks that users tap to get the name of the letter along with an animated animal that starts with the same letter. It's not fancy, but my daughter learned the letter 'U' from watching the unicorn trot across the screen. If you're looking for something a little more sophisticated, Common Sense Media offers a
of their picks for the best alphabet apps and
recommends Preschool Arcade ($0.99 for
) and Monkey Preschool Lunchbox ($1.99
). I don't feel guilty for letting Lily play an ABC app on my phone or computer for a few minutes because I know it's helping cement things we've learned about through puzzles, books and other non-digital toys. And sure, as I told my friend, it's important to find a balance when it comes to technology versus one-on-one learning, but there's room for both. Our children will learn from different people in many different methods throughout the course of their lives. One of the biggest lessons we can teach them as parents is to carry a versatile toolbox through the process.


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Katherine Webb - AJ McCarron's Girlfriend - is Going to be in the 2013 Sports Illustrated Swimsuit
Katherine Webb, the girlfriend of Alabama QB AJ McCarron, is going to be in the 2013 Sports Illustrated swimsuit issue, if one of her recently-deleted tweets is to be believed.
Webb, who shot to fame Monday night after ESPN cameras focused on her in the stands at the BCS title game, and announcers Brent Musburger and Kirk Herbstreit raved about her looks, tweeted this evening:
It's official…shooting with Sports Illustrated!
She must have gotten a call from someone at SI, because the tweet came down very quickly. But many, many folks re-tweeted it.
A year ago, she was Miss Alabama. Two weeks ago, she was AJ McCarron's girlfriend. Now, she's going to be in the SI Swimsuit issue. Hope she personally calls Brent Musburger to thank him.
I would assume a Super Bowl commercial is next for Miss Webb, right?

subset: commoncrawl


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TOPEKA, Kan. (AP) The number of homeless students in the Topeka school district has gone up in the last decade, while federal funding to meet their needs is at a 10-year low.
The Topeka Capital-Journal reports the district had about 580 homeless students last year, compared with about 340 homeless students 10 years ago.
This year's federal grant to help homeless students is $50,000, down from $61,000 a year earlier.
Rosanne Haberman, who coordinates homeless matters for the district, says the tight funding means fewer resources, including hygiene kits and city bus passes for high school students who can't afford them.
She says the district has also had to reduce to part-time two positions for teachers who work at the Topeka Rescue Mission helping students before and after school.


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Making the rounds in the tech world this week is a scientific paper published online by a pair of Princeton researchers. Using a model adapted from epidemiology, the paper predicts that Facebook is about to go the way of Myspace. Specifically, the authors conclude, "Facebook will undergo a rapid decline in the coming years, losing 80 percent of its peak user base between 2015 and 2017."
Eighty percent! The paper rocketed to the top of Reddit's technology section. For bloggers around the Internet, the headlines practically wrote themselves. An uncritical three-paragraph write-up in Time has pulled in 21,000 Facebook likes and counting. Nothing sells on Facebook like another story about how Facebook is evil, uncool or — best of all — doomed.
I hate to be the Grinch who actually read the paper, but its conclusions are less bankable than Dogecoin. Which is to say, about as solid as one might cynically expect from a paper on epidemiology and social networking published online without peer review by a pair of graduate students in mechanical and aerospace engineering.
But it's not the authors' credentials that are the problem. They're certainly no less qualified to write such a paper than I am to criticize it. The problem lies in the assumptions they make in order to reach their headline-grabbing conclusions. Let me summarize the paper's underlying logic:
A) Social networks' growth can be likened to the spread of an infectious disease.
B) In the case of Myspace, the network's decline can also be likened to the spread of an infectious disease.
C) Like Myspace, Facebook has begun to show signs of decline after a period of rapid growth.
D) Ergo, Facebook will be dead within three years.
Let's go through these one by one.
Point A is fairly well documented by this point. That's why we call it "going viral."
Point B is interesting, and less obvious than it might seem. As the authors acknowledge, social networks aren't like the flu in that there's no inherently predictable recovery rate. That is, you don't necessarily join a social network with the expectation that you'll be over it in a week. So instead of comparing the decline of social networks to recovery from an illness, the authors make an interesting leap. They hypothesize instead that the decline of a social network is like the spread of an illness — that leaving is as contagious as joining.
The way they wrote the paper, the authors made it seem as though they arrived at this model a priori, then decided to try it out on Myspace, and voila — it worked! In their words, they "validated" the model by testing it on Myspace and finding that it was a good fit.
But wait: What reason do they have to believe that it works on any social network other than Myspace? The authors' attempt to justify applying an epidemiological model to the decline of social networks in general — as opposed to just Myspace in particular — is contorted, bordering on comical. In the absence of concrete examples or literature, they draw yet another analogy, this time to "ideas":
Ideas, like diseases, have been shown to spread infectiously between people before eventually dying out, and have been successfully described with epidemiological models. Again, this follows intuitively, as ideas are spread through communicative contact between different people who share ideas with each other. Idea manifesters ultimately lose interest with the idea and no longer manifest the idea, which can be thought of as the gain of "immunity" to the idea.
"Follows intuitively?" "Idea manifesters?" Come on, now you're just making stuff up. Sure, some ideas spread infectiously and then die out. Others, like democracy, gravity, and evolution, have shown impressive staying power.
Anyway, where were we? Oh right, we're still on Point (b). In short, if the paper had confined itself to the observation that the decline of Myspace could be modeled using insights from epidemiology, then we'd have no problem. But we also wouldn't be seeing the piece go nuts on Reddit.
Moving on to Point C, things get dicier still. The authors' conclusion relies on the premise that Facebook is already showing signs of decline. At first glance, a chart highlighted in several media reports seems pretty convincing.
But that's very odd, given that the social network has consistently reported massive, ongoing growth in both its active user base and revenue. These widely accepted metrics, it seems, are of no interest to the paper's authors. Instead, they pull their data exclusively from Google Trends, which measures the number of Google searches for a given keyword over time. In other words, the researchers' claim that Facebook is faltering is based entirely on an apparent dip in the number of people typing "Facebook" into Google in 2013.
They justify this bizarre choice of proxy data by arguing that it's "advantageous compared to using registration or membership data," which can include inactive members. OK, then why not use daily or monthly active users, as industry analysts do? Seemingly unaware that Facebook is a public company, the researchers claim that user activity data on social networks is "typically proprietary and difficult to obtain." They back up this assertion with a rather amusing citation: a study published in 2009 about — you guessed it — Myspace.
The Google Trends data on searches for Facebook, unfortunately, do not appear particularly reliable: There's a huge spike in October 2012 that the researchers can't really explain and end up simply throwing out. Yet they have no such qualms about an apparent dip in 2013. In fact, that dip is the key to their paper. If Facebook isn't actually declining in popularity, then the Myspace model doesn't fit.
The authors never entertain the possibility of an alternative explanation for a dip in the Google Trends data. Facebook's numbers show that its users migrated en masse from using the site on a desktop computer to accessing it via their phones and tablets in 2013, often via the mobile app. The paper makes no mention of this trend — nor the even simpler possibility that people aren't searching for "Facebook" as much on Google because they already know what it is and where to find it. By the authors' logic, I guess a Google Trends search for "broadband" would suggest that high-speed Internet began to wane in popularity sometime around 2005.
Which brings us to Point D, in which the authors finally "prove" the very thing that they assumed from the outset: that all social networks can be expected to follow the same trajectory as Myspace. They even admit in the section describing their model that it doesn't work unless you assume that all social networks eventually decline.
It's an old journalistic trick: Just add the words "research" or "study" to a sensational claim for instant credibility. Best of all, you're absolved of any responsibility for verifying its truth, since everyone knows journalists aren't qualified to dispute scientific findings. Funny thing, though: If it hasn't been peer-reviewed, and journalists aren't qualified to dispute it, then what's to stop it from simply becoming accepted as truth?
Oremus is a Slate staff writer, reporting on technology and digital culture.
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GateHouse editorial: Not just Petraeus, but privacy itself imperiled
So General David Petraeus pulled a President Clinton, of sorts, and now he's paying for it, though the victims here may go beyond the principle players. Apparently even the director of the CIA can be spied upon by the government that employs him, which pretty much makes no American off limits. Feel better now?
Another prominent man brought down by thinking with the wrong part of his anatomy is a story as old as time, of course. But Petraeus' resignation from the CIA's top post following revelations of an affair with his biographer, Paula Broadwell, has taken on a few different twists. Bear with us, because it gets complicated.
First, Petraeus and Broadwell, both married to other people, both with children, have done damage to those relationships and to their reputations. Measured against type, Petraeus - previously the leader of the military surge in Iraq and then Afghanistan, the most celebrated general since Colin Powell and Norman Schwarzkopf - has shocked many who knew him as a man of accomplishment and uncommon discipline, and who have tended to give him a pass because of it. It takes two to tango, and this page will leave it at that.
Second, both of their lives intersected with that of another woman, Jill Kelley, a friend of the Petraeus family, rightly or wrongly considered a competitor for the general's affections by a jealous Broadwell. She reportedly received "harassing" emails, prompting her to notify a friend in the FBI, who then alerted his bosses, who then launched an investigation that ultimately steered them to Broadwell and put Petraeus in the cross-hairs. Interestingly, that first FBI agent was ordered by superiors to steer clear of the inquiry because of his own personal connections to Kelley (though ultimately he did not, leaking it to a prominent congressman, Eric Cantor).
The target here (Petraeus, the CIA) didn't stop the rival FBI from pursuing its investigation, or from contacting the White House and Congress - if rather late in the game - after concluding that no laws were broken or security breached. Nor did it stop the FBI from stumbling across another big fish in its open-ended surveillance net - Gen. John Allen, America's and NATO's commander in Afghanistan. He also has been linked to Kelley, though the nature of their relationship remains unclear. In any case, he too is now under formal investigation by the Pentagon.
To say there are triangles within triangles here - anyone need a flow chart? - is an understatement. No one may get off the hook, not the investigated nor the investigator.
Leave it to the ACLU to get it right: "There should be an investigation not of the personal behavior of General Petraeus and General Allen but of what surveillance powers the FBI used to look into their private lives," its executive director, Anthony Romero, told the New York Times. "This is a textbook example of the blurring of lines between the private and the public."
Indeed, the most generous interpretation of the FBI's actions is that they were just following a lead, a hint of a potential crime, which is their job. Arguably Petraeus, as the nation's top intelligence officer, had put himself in a precarious position, subjecting himself to potential blackmail. What if an adversary of the United States had gotten wind of this first and used it to compromise him? In that sense, some would say the FBI has done a public service.
On the other hand, do we really want our government agencies spying on one another, spending finite taxpayer dollars to out the private, sexual lives of public officials? This story could have come at a better time, with things heating up in Syria, Iran, Libya, etc., and the need for good intelligence in all of those places as critical as it has ever been. 9-11 happened, in part, because the FBI, CIA, National Security Agency refused to work together to put the terrorist puzzle pieces together. The relationship between those agencies has not been helped. The FBI has some serious explainin' to do.
The lessons and warnings are numerous. First, there is no such thing as privacy anymore. Send an email, post on Facebook, tweet without much forethought, and expect it to live forever, somewhere in cyberspace, ripe for the plucking by someone with an interest or agenda. Second, while no one excuses the behavior on display, is America well served by a government for which saints only need apply? How relevant is all this to job performance?
Finally, one fears the primary victim is the American people, who in the wake of 9-11 permitted an all-powerful Uncle Sam, through his perhaps well-meaning-but-still-wrong representatives, to commit many a sin against civil liberties - the Patriot Act, warrantless wiretaps, etc. - and who allow it still, even with the external threat diminished. Who wants to live in a nation where virtually all private correspondence and other personal information are available for perusal by someone working for government or any other third party? Who wants to tolerate the threat of any of that being released for public consumption? Did we nab any terrorists here? Does J. Edgar Hoover live? "If the CIA director can get caught, it's pretty much open season on everyone else," the director of the Electronic Privacy Information Center told the Times.
This is a mess. As this page long ago cautioned, once the monster has been unleashed, how do we cage it again?
Journal Star of Peoria, Ill.


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Surya Normandy NOY-8003 Area Rug
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(not satire – it's the UK today!)
I must admit to having been more than a little puzzled at first as to why Natural England are proposing that nests and eggs of bird species such as robins and starlings will be allowed to be destroyed without the granting of special licences.
This would mean members of the public would be allowed to destroy any nests or eggs they came across – more or less at will.
Natural England's consultation paper on the subject doesn't shed much light on the reasons for these quite shocking proposals either – other than stating that these birds can present a "public health and safety" hazard.
There is no explanation of what exactly the public health and safety hazards of robins' and starlings' eggs are.
However, after a little investigation into the murky waters of party donations all has now become clear.
Last year government ministers chose Andrew Sells – a Chartered accountant with no experience of ecological or environmental matters – as the new Chair of Natural England.
Sells is a venture capitalist and a major Tory party donor – in 2011 for example he donated £111,250 to the Tories.
OK, so far so corrupt. But why would the Tories want to allow the destruction of robins, starlings, wagtails and other such beautiful birds?
Well, Sells is one of the founders of Linden Homes, a property development business specialising in developing brownfield sites for residential housing.
And what is one of the biggest problems facing property developers when they attempt to develop brownfield sites for residential housing?
Yes, you've guessed it – nesting birds:
All wild birds, their nests and young are protected throughout England and Wales by the Wildlife & Countryside Act 1981 (as amended). It is illegal to kill, injure or take any wild bird, or damage or destroy the nest or eggs of breeding birds.
If nests, whether completed or in the process of being built, are found on site, any works with the potential to damage or destroy the nest, eggs or young birds, must stop until the birds have completed breeding.
Birds may nest on machinery or scaffolding and other temporary site structures. If this happens the equipment cannot be used until the birds have finished nesting and such areas may need to be sealed off to prevent disturbance.
Breaking the law can lead to fines of up to £5000 per offence and potential prison sentences of up to six months. Vehicles implicated in an offence can be compounded and both the company, and/or the individual(s) concerned, can be held liable.
Obviously, removing the protection of eggs and nests of nesting birds would save developers a lot of time and money.
And it just so happens that property developers are some of the Tory Party's biggest donors.
The consultation process ends tomorrow and the Tories are obviously hoping that most people will not make the connection between their donors and Natural England's proposals.
So best keep it to ourselves then.
PS: The Tories are also allowing the destruction of other wild life – including rare eagles:
When are we going to stop doffing our caps and put a stop to the slaughter of our native wildlife?
UPDATE: here's my response to Natural England's attempts to defend their plans:
How Natural England are lying about their plans to allow destruction of robin nests
Please feel free to comment. And share. Thanks:


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1 1/4" Chrome 18" Ape Hanger Handlebar Kit 1996-2003 Harley-Davidson Sportster
You are purchasing the most Complete Basic Ape Hanger kit available. This Kit fits 1996-2003 Harley-Davidson Sportster models.
We include everything that you need to put a set of our 1 1/4" Chrome Hill Country Customs Brand Apes on your Harley except for a can of brake fluid and labor. Included are Stainless Braided Cables & a Complete Stainless Braided Brake line in correct lengths plus wiring extensions. Our stainless braided cables have chrome ends and a UV resistant plastic armor coat to protect your paint and keep them looking good for a long time. Our wire extensions are color coded to match your factory wiring harness. Turn Signal light wire extensions to the handlebar base are not included, but are available in the Electrical category of our store. This kit is for Single Front Disc brakes. If your Harley has Dual Front Disc Brakes, then You Must purchase the DUAL Disc Brake Line UPGRADE for an additional $65 which is in the Brake Line category of our store. Due to the variety of applications, we do not have specific instructions with each kit. We do recommend that you purchase a H-D service manual for your bike if you don't have one. Please read this listing in it's entirety for complete information.
Handlebar Specs: Height 18" Total Width 37" Center Width 10.5" Pullback 7.5"
NOTE: You must add the following information to the comments section during checkout, or send us an eBay message with your Harley's: Year, Exact Model # , Handlebar Riser Height? (1"-6" tall) does it have a Hydraulic Clutch?
|Hill Country Custom Cycles
|1 Year


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Greg Zyla: Pillars and Chevy 348
Knowing your pillars
Q: Hi, Greg. What exactly are the pillar that so many car articles mention, such as in A-pillar, B-pillar and so on. I know this is probably an elementary question, but to a retired older gal like myself, I always wonder. Amy L., Illinois.
A: Amy, no problem as every question is a good one. The pillars mentioned in these articles refer to the pieces of steel that attach a roof to the car. The A-pillar is the windshield of the car's support system. It is the only "pillar" that is a must on every car built that has a windshield.
The B-pillar is the piece of metal that separates the middle of that car's front and rear doors and acts as support behind the first set of side windows. A four door sedan or a coupe will have a "B-pillar. Now, if you buy a hardtop, there is no B-pillar.
C-pillars are the back of the fixed top's attachment to the body on sedans and coupes. If you have a hardtop where when the windows are all down there is no pillar, the C-pillar is still called a C-pillar.
A final D-pillar is common in station wagons and SUV/Crossovers, and follow the C-pillars to the rear as the final structural support from the roof to the body. The photo attached easily explains all the pillars.
Chevy 348 engine
Q: Greg, was Chevy's 348 engine its first really high performance engine in big block form? I know it grew into a 427 later. Thanks, Ron P., Pennsylvania.
A: Ron, yes, Chevy's 348 engine came to life in 1958 as a big-block powerplant for heavy duty trucks and Chevrolet automobiles, too. Called the "W-Head" Turbo-Thrust 348, it came with everything from a two barrel carb to four barrel to three twos.
This engine then grew into the famous "she's real fine my 409" high performance engine that tore up the drag strips from 1961 to 1963. The 409 was availabe through 1965, when it was replaced by the all new 396 Mark IV "mystery motor" design that debuted at the Daytona 500 in 1963 as a 427.
As for a "W head" 427, you are correct that one was produced, that being the 427 "W-head" built for drag racers only in 1963. It came with a special two piece aluminum manifold and put out a conservative 430 horsepower under the option code Z11. Anyone could have walked into a Chevy dealer in 1963 and bought one, but few knew of the Z11 code other than the drag teams.
From 1965 on, however, the new big block "mystery motor" replaced the "W-heads," and came in sizes 366-396-402-427 and 454 through the early 1970s. The 366 was a truck engine, while the others powered the famous Chevelles, Novas, Corvettes and full-size Impalas.
Thanks for your question, and you can still buy a big block "mystery style" crate motor from Chevy all the way up to 572 inches.
Greg Zyla writes weekly for GateHouse News Service and welcomes reader questions on collector cars, old-time motorsports and auto nostalgia at 303 Roosevelt St, Sayre, PA 18840 or at email@example.com.


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Summer Shining Diamond Jewelry Mask
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DC fans going through baseball withdrawal welcomed home the Washington Nationals Tuesday night to kick off a seven game homestand vs. the Mets and Giants at Nationals Park.
Teddy Roosevelt likely felt that warm feeling as well, drawing huge cheers from the crowd despite missing the starting signal and jumping the gun for the 4th-inning presidents race.
He didn't know the welcome he was about to receive.
Waiting in ambush along the first baseline was Teddy's longtime nemesis "That Cat," making his first appearance at Nationals Park since August of last year.
The cat was being held back by George Washington and Thomas Jefferson on the sidelines, but after Abe Lincoln passed by, they unleashed him on poor Teddy.
As That Cat celebrated his take-down of the Rough Rider, Abe took the win displaying a Connect Four game board for the Nationals Park faithful, popping four discs into it before exiting the field. The significance was probably lost on the crowd, but after his slow start to the season, Abe wanted the other presidents to take note that he'd come back to tie the season standings at 4-4-4.
Video courtesy of YouTube member lfahome


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Morning Minutes: April 20
Morning Minutes: April 20
Word of the Day
Inveigh in-VEY (verb) To protest strongly or attack vehemently with words - dictionary.com
Website of the Day
Dynamic Periodic Table
This online version of the periodic table allows users to click on elements to learn more about them through links to Wikipedia, allowing users to see what elements look like and how they are atomically structured. The table includes tabs so users can highlight different groupings of elements.
Number to Know
88: Radium's atomic number.
This Day in History
April 20, 1902: Marie and Pierre Curie successfully isolate radioactive radium. A year later they would be awarded the Nobel Prize for their groundbreaking research in radioactivity.
Today's Featured Birthday
Actor George Takei (76)
Daily Quote
"The most common way people give up their power is by thinking they don't have any." - Alice Walker


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Dutch HUG/Meetings
For the currently scheduled meetings, see the Google calendar or subscribe to the iCal version.
Note that this schedule is preliminary, please follow the mailing list for up to date information.
Previous meetings
April 20-22 we organized the Dutch HUG Day followed by UHac hackathon.
January 6 was the NL-FP day at Utrecht University where the upcoming Dutch HUG Day and UHac was announced.
December 14th we had an informal meeting at the Stairway to Heaven in Utrecht.
During the November 8th meeting Sean Leather presented the new Generic Deriving mechanism in GHC 7.2 (source).
October 18th Jurriën Stutterheim talked about web programming with Snap using Snaplets.
A small meeting September 29th in the Stairway to Heaven. Nikolaos Bezirgiannis and Sjoerd Visscher volunteered to help out Sean Leather with scheduling meetings each month. See About us.
For our August 25th meeting, we were joined by some students from Utrecht University's Summer School on Functional Programming. Jurriën Stutterheim talked about a project he did with Doaitse Swierstra and Wouter Swierstra. For the Junior College at Utrecht University, they developed a small web application to demonstrate the ideas behind Prolog and used this as a vehicle to teach about Computer Science in general. Next, Wouter Swierstra talked about his paper Data types à la carte, a way of solving the expression problem (with some caveats).
A group of Dutch HUG members visited Cambridge, UK in the weekend of August 12 for a Haskell Hackaton: CamHac.
Thursday July 14th Jasper Van der Jeugt talked about his Google Summer of Code project on switching the text library to use UTF-8 internally. Stefan Holdermans talked about how to do polymorphic Dynamics in Haskell as a library.
Wednesday June 15th, we met at Utrecht University for two talks by Stefan Holdermans of Vector Fabrics and Erik Hesselink of Silk. Stefan talked about his work with Juriaan Hage on a type and effect system for detecting wrong calls to `head` (and more complicated things). Erik discussed some common patterns found in database abstractions at Silk.
Thursday May 12th, we met over drinks at the Stairway to Heaven in Utrecht where we talked about Haskell. Also, Silk announced that they're hiring (Haskell) programmers. For information, contact firstname.lastname@example.com.
Wednesday April 13th, we met at Utrecht University where Thomas presented his talk on CodeDown, a universal approach to program documentation by embedding Markdown into the comments of any language. Per usual, we had some drinks afterwards at The Basket.
Tuesday, March 8th, a small group of Haskellers met in The Hague over diner and a few beers to discuss Haskell. Why is Cleans uniqueness typing so cool and what's up with DDC?
Monday, February 14th was a meeting with talks. Martijn van Steenbergen talked about Zwaluw, a library for bidirectional URL routing, and type-safe URLs. Marcelo Sousa just finished the Advanced Functional Programming course at UU and talked about his project work on parser memoization. Doaitse Swierstra discussed his continuing work on parser combinators. Afterwards, we relocated to The Basket for some drinks.
Thursday, January 13th, we met at the familiar Stairway to Heaven in Utrecht.
On Wednesday, December 8th, we met at the Stairway to Heaven in Utrecht over drinks. We talked about Haskell a lot.
In the weekend of November 5th a delegation of the Dutch HUG traveled to Ghent, Belgium to attend BelHac. On Tuesday, November 9th a small number of us met in the Stairway to Heaven over a couple of beers to discuss Haskell-related things.
On Monday, October 11th we held combined meetup with the Dutch Scala Enthusiasts. Chris Eidhof presented "Haskell for Scala-ists" and Lieke van der Poel presented "Scala for Haskell-ists". Afterwards there was a code kata Anagrams. See photos of the meetup.
On Thursday September, 9th, we met at the Utrecht University Library for three talks. Arie Middelkoop presented his talk "Breadth-first evaluation of non-cyclic, higher-order catamorphisms". Kevin Jardine talked about his web app engine in Haskell. Doaitse Swierstra described the latest developments in the UU parsing library.
In the midst of summer, August 14th, 2010, we met at the beach in Scheveningen. See Sean's photos from a sunny afternoon.
For the July 15th, 2010 meeting, we visited the Vector Fabrics offices in Eindhoven. After a tour around the office, we learned about vfAnalyst and discussed the differences between Caml and Haskell. Thanks to Wouter and Alexey for organizing this meeting.
A regular meeting on Wednesday, May 12th at Café Olivier.
On Saturday, April 24th 2010 we organized the Dutch HUG day, an afternoon symposium, to celebrate the first anniversary of the Dutch Haskell Users Group (HUG).
The eleventh meeting was in Utrecht, on Tuesday, March 9th at the familiar Stairway to Heaven.
On Monday, February 8th we had our second meeting of 2010, again at the Booth Hall of the Utrecht University Library. We had two talks:
- Sebastiaan Visser and Tom Lokhorst talked about their Awesome Prelude. [slides] [code] [video]
- Martijn van Steenbergen talked about serializing monadic computations in a monadic EDSL to describe compass-and-straightedge constructions. [slides] [code] [video]
After the talks we had drinks at The Basket.
The first meeting of 2010 was on Thursday, January 14th in Utrecht.
The eighth and last meeting of 2009 was on Wednesday, December 9th, we met over drinks in Utrecht.
The seventh meeting was in Utrecht, on Tuesday, November 10th.
The sixth meeting was on Monday, October 12th again in the Utrecht University Library. There were two talks:
- Andres Löh talked about lhs2TeX, a tool for typesetting Haskell code using LaTeX. [slides]
- Yaakov Nemoy talked about the status of Haskell packaging in Fedora and how to do it yourself.
The fifth meeting was on Friday, September 11th, in the Utrecht University Library. There were three talks:
- A propositional logic system in Haskell by Thomas B.
- Generic Programming: what, why and how by José Pedro Magalhães (video).
- Extensibility and type safety in formatting: the design of xformat by Sean Leather (video).
Afterwards we relocated to The Basket for some well deserved drinks.
The fourth meeting was in again Utrecht, on Thursday, August 13th.
The third meeting was on Wednesday, July 8th. We met over drinks in Utrecht and chatted about Haskell.
The second meeting was on Tuesday, June 9th at the top floor of the library in Amsterdam. We had interesting conversations, and more than one laptop was pulled out of its bag to show off some Haskell code!
The first meeting was in Utrecht on Tuesday, May 6th 2009. We met over drinks at the Stairway to Heaven.


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Search through the list or calendar to find classes that fit your needs. After you purchase the A Sound Beginning Complete Package you will become a Member on our site. You can then log in with your Members account to register for upcoming classes.
BLUE - Don't Correct ...Re-Direct! (VIRTUAL CLASS)
BLUE Class Focus - Don't Correct ... Re-direct! (Virtual Online Class)
Instead of correcting a dog that does something we don't like, but we don't want them to continue doing, we use a training protocol called the "Substitution Routine" to prevent and/or eliminate that behavior. Whether it's barking at the cat, or jumping on guests, he needs to learn what it is he SHOULD be doing.
When he has the opportunity to learn what you want from him, you'll begin to see him offer more appropriate responses. By "substituting" an undesirable behavior such as barking, with something you want to see repeated such as sitting quietly, you'll be more effective at training while continuing to strengthen your relationship.
Following this program and eliminating the use of corrections will give you the results you are looking for. For the life and well-being of your dog.
Event Properties
|Event date
|12-14-2022 6:00 pm CT
|Event End Date
|12-14-2022 7:00 pm CT
|Available Seats
|Cut off date
|12-13-2022 11:55 pm CT
|Cassie Williams, KPA, CTP
|Number Hours
|Virtual Online
Class Schedule
CLASSES are available as IN-PERSON (Chicagoland) or VIRTUAL (anywhere).
- Monday's -- 6:00pm CT (Virtual)
- Tuesday's -- 6:30pm CT (Geneva)
- Wednesday's -- 6:00pm CT (Virtual)


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Janice A. (Ricci) Hughes
- November 5, 1941 - April 25, 2019
- Reading, Massachusetts
of Janice A.'s Passing
Share This Obituary
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The Anatomy Lesson is a show dedicated to mood and atmosphere. Each episode has clips from movies and television, a minimal amount of talking and a maximal amount of music that might be described as 'dark', 'weird' or 'unsettling.' Genres featured include synthpop, adventurous dance music, minimal wave, darkwave, industrial, post-punk, doom metal, ambient, electroacoustic and anything that could be called experimental. The show follows in the footsteps of now retired programs like 'Dark Carnival' and 'Retrospect' and in that vein plays music both new and classic. There is also a blog attached to the show that includes weekly setlists at anatomy-lesson.tumblr.com
- April 23, 2016 at 11:00pm – April 24, 2016


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CHICAGO — A convicted murderer from Indiana who was mistakenly released following a Chicago court appearance was back in custody Saturday after authorities tracked him down about 60 miles away.
Steven L. Robbins, 44, was rearrested late Friday night without incident in Kankakee, south of Chicago in northeastern Illinois, the Cook County Sheriff's Department said in a news release. Although the details of his capture weren't immediately released, officials said they used various leads and interviews with friends and family members at police headquarters to locate him.
The reason Robbins was able to escape in the first place, Illinois officials acknowledged, was because they lost paperwork directing them to return him to Indiana.
Robbins was serving a 60-year sentence for murder in Indiana and was escorted by Cook County sheriff's deputies to Chicago this week for a court appearance in a separate case involving drug and armed violence charges — a case that had actually been dismissed in 2007.
After appearing before two Cook County Circuit Court judges, Robbins was taken to a jail on Chicago's South Side. He was released hours later, instead of being sent back to Indiana to continue his murder sentence. The public was not alerted that he was on the loose for about 24 hours.
Cook County Sheriff Tom Dart on Friday took responsibility for Robbins' release, saying a document showing he should be returned to Indiana disappeared while his deputies were transporting the prisoner, sometime between a Tuesday court appearance and his return to jail after a second court appearance Wednesday. Robbins was released Wednesday evening.
"We're not ducking the fact we dropped the ball. We made mistakes," Dart said. "The public deserves much more. We're going to find out what went wrong here."
But Dart and Cook County State's Attorney Anita Alvarez, both prominent local Democrats, exchanged tense words about who should accept responsibility for having Robbins brought to Chicago from Indiana.
Alvarez said her office had told Dart's office that it didn't need to bring Robbins from Indiana because the drug and armed violence case was closed. But Dart's office proceeded anyway, she said, because of confusion over the outcome of the case and because Robbins demanded to stand trial.
"The Cook County Sherriff's Police, despite the fact that the assistant state's attorney told them that they didn't have to bring him back, they thought it would be better if they did bring him back to get this all cleared up because the guy keeps writing letters demanding trial," Alvarez told reporters.
But Dart said his office sought — and was granted — permission from the state attorney's office to bring Robbins to Chicago. The sheriff showed The Associated Press a copy of the extradition request from September signed by one of Alvarez's prosecutors.
"We can't just go to any state in the country and say 'You know what? We're going to take someone out of your prison and bring him here.' ... They're the ones that signed off on allowing us to go get this guy," Dart said.
Dart also said that because of an antiquated computer system, his office thought an arrest warrant for Robbins in the case was still active, which is why it asked the state attorney's office for permission to extradite
"It's our fault but we move 100,000 people a day and it's all done with paper," Dart said.
Before Robbins was captured, federal and local law enforcement officers knocked on doors in Illinois and Indiana on Friday, including those of his friends and relatives, the sheriff's office said. The FBI and U.S. Marshals Service offered a $10,000 reward for information leading to his apprehension.
Robbins, a Gary, Ind., native, was serving a sentence for murder and weapons convictions out of Marion County in Indiana.


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The Talker: Katy Perry does the weather
Staff Writer
The McDonough County Voice
Hot video: Katy Perry turns weathergirl
Katy Perry can sing, dance, write music ... and do the weather! During a Tuesday visit to Australia's morning show "Sunrise," the pop star tried her best at giving a forecast.
Trending on Twitter
On the road to a concert tonight in Clearwater, Fla., Emblem3 bass player Keaton Stromberg asked fans to tweet him questions to pass the time. #AskKeatonStromberg
Something to talk about
The NFL's Competition Committee is in preliminary talks about moving the ball to the 25-yard line for point-after-touchdown attempts, forcing teams to make 42-yard kicks, according to NFL.com. Mason Levinson has more on Bloomberg Television's "Bottom Line."
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7 Simple Steps to Feel More Professional
We can all relate—diving into the real world for a new job is intimidating. But while you might currently own your company's unofficial title of "the new guy", it doesn't mean you have to stick out like a sore thumb. Newbie or not, we've got some simple tricks that will instantly make you feel more professional.


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Classic Acts
They say that good things come in small packages, but the Dolomites of northern Italy are great things in a very big package.
Arriving in the Rosengarten group of the Western Dolomites, we found two rifugios to choose from. The first was neat as a pin – and somehow sterile. The Stella Alpina, by contrast, offered cracked walls, flaky paint and Remo, an ex-soldier- caretaker-cum-waiter/barman/weirdo/cook and resident drunk (all meant in the most affectionate way). Remo, our host, was a rotund battleship of a man with black button eyes haphazardly sewn onto his generally jolly face.
On night three at the Stella Alpina we sat down to a meal of gladiator proportions, neatly laid out on a red-and-white checkered tablecloth. Remo obviously wanted to put some meat on our bones. After the plates had been cleared, as we were eagerly discussing plans for the next day, Remo suddenly stood up and, as if carrying out an order, silently latched the door.
In the dim light Simon, Dave, Rico and I all gazed blankly at each other as our minds ticked through the possible scenarios. Murder, torture, drugs?
The Dolomites offer a broad spectrum of climbing. As if in a vast orchard, you can be fussy and only select the plums, or, if pressed for time, simply take what's within reach. My advice is simple: go for a sampler on the vertical limestone.
The alpine rifugios are reason enough to come to these historic mountains of Northern Italy. Seasonal, locally harvested food is lovingly prepared in traditional recipes; the pasta is homemade, as is the potato gnocchi and the exquisite Cansunziel (beetroot-stuffed ravioli). Full board comes complete with hot showers, fresh linen and puffy eider-down duvets. Climbers on a budget can always camp and just grab the occasional meal or shower at a rifugio.
My husband, Simon Carter, and I had started out at the Cinque Torri group, which literally translates to Five Towers, even though now only four remain after the collapse of the minor 100-foot Trephor block sometime in mid-2004. Overlooking a strategic mountain pass, the gateway to the east, this outcrop of spires rears up from grassy hillsides among an extensive web of reconstructed World War I trenches. Now an open±air museum, they are evidence of the fierce and inconclusive battles that took place here between the armies of Austria-Hungary and Italy.
An area popular for multi-pitch trad and sport climbing, the Cinque Torri group offers low-commitment one- to six-pitch routes with only an eight-minute hike and, in the event of a thunderstorm, a fast downhill retreat to the waiting Rifugio Cinque Torri, plonked at 7,011 feet right at the foot of the towers. The climbing ranges from slab to vertical, with grades from 5.5 to 5.11c. You can also tackle the smaller blocks for a few steeper, harder routes up to 5.13d. The rock is Principal dolomite, a sedimentary carbonate, and though it is generally solid, we still had to choose our holds carefully. We had selected classics like Columbus, a four-pitch 5.11c; Myriam, a six-pitch 5.7; and Directissma Scoiattoli, a six-pitch 5.11b. The clear standout for us, though, was Finlandia (5.10c) with five stylish pitches slashing the face of the Torre Grande, the most prominent tower. Stemming up Finlandia's long corners, I floated among moves that were engaging but not taxing on sharp, cubic rock with vertical slots and good gear.
On top, we met two alpine climbers from the United States: Rico Miledi, a software engineer from California, and Dave Russell, a mural artist from Colorado. The two were eyeing a long route across the valley on Tofana di Rozes (10,581 feet); in fact, we were all mesmerized by the intimidating massif. The American lads already had their bearings and sights set, and we Australians had wheels, so we decided to team up.
Rising with the sparrows, we chose the South Face Buttress No. 1, a tame 14-pitch 5.7, and the standard warm-up for some of the longer, more committing undertakings on the Tofana. The route is described in the guidebook as an almost perfect line, a slender, sharply delineated arete slicing steeply skywards with a free as a bird' sense of exposure. The third pitch, super climbing up a vertical slot, was the crux, but the most memorable pitch was definitely the exposed seventh. As I quivered up the fin of rock, I looked down through 900 feet of air, the chilling wind cutting off all communications.
Sinister, full-bellied storm clouds rolled in, circled and then left, much to my relief. On top we all shared smoked deer sausage and small discs of crispy bread baked only once a year in the village of Padraces. We descended over aged, compacted snowdrifts, following marginal paths down to our Rifugio Dibona just as the heavens opened.
The next day we all moved camp to Passo Sella, the aorta of the Dolomites and a strategic spot from which to embark on any mountain mission. In winter this pass joins with three others, making it the largest ski field in the world, ferrying as many as 12,000 skiers a day on a single lift. During the height of summer the artery may pump 24,000 cars a day through its trajectory. We pitched camp in a bunkroom on the third floor at the Rifugio Albergo Passo Sella (7,139 feet), which is owned by the Italian Alpine Club (CAI) and run with military efficiency by its host Daniela Cappadozzi.
The Rifugio Passo Sella's central location gave us access to several bouldering, sport and trad spots in close proximity. The steep bouldering of Città de Sassi has 120 problems between V0 and V11, two±thirds of them V5 or under. The sport climbing of Cansla is known for excellent technical and delicate slab climbing. Just down the valley lies Pian de Schiavaneis, a modern testing ground for sport climbing with 60 routes ranging from 5.6 to 5.14b. And for multi-pitch trad climbs, take your pick from the south-facing Sella Group on one side of the pass, or the colder, much higher Sassolungo Group on the other.
Like everything else here, food is taken very seriously. Each dish is diligently prepared and painstakingly presented, with a civilized pregnant pause between courses. Take Fish Friday at the Rifugio Albergo Passo Sella, for example: ceviche (cubes of raw fish marinated in lemon juice), risotto with radicchio, fish baked in individual paper parcels with saffron potatoes, and for dessert, lemon and basil sorbet flutes drizzled with prosecco.
The next day we were up early again to climb the nine-pitch North Ridge Thumb route (670 feet) of the Five Finger Towers. Called Il Punta della Cinque Dita (Grade IV, 5.5), the 9,688-foot middle finger towers proudly over its neighboring digits, and the entire length of the traverse is 1,900 feet. It is part of the serious Sassolungo group, known for poor rock, steep north faces and convoluted descents. These factors and the high chance of afternoon thunderstorms ensured that we caught the first gondola of the day. Fun and funky, and the oldest in the Dolomites, the lift picks up two passengers at a time without stopping. I felt like a competitor in The Amazing Race trying to edge in front of the guides and clients to gain pole position. This climb was my favorite of the trip. It had it all: mechanically assisted access, enjoyable climbing, and just enough shoddy gear placements to complement the adequate fixed pitons.
At the base of the route, we were steamrollered by several local guides, and watched as they arrogantly pushed past us, dragging their clients like puppies on a tight leash. Climbing again, I scored the out-there pitch, feeling very much isolated and caught in the shadows above a black abyss. As the clouds parted, the sun lit up a jagged ring of chalk-white peaks, much like shark teeth, that encircled me, rising up from the murky depths. Thrilled, we washed up on top, and all shared one of Rico's rolled cigarettes.
We relocated to the Rosengarten Group with a mission to climb all three of the Vajolet Towers, the Delago, Stabeler, and Winkler, (all around 9,200 feet) in a day. The Winkler Tower gained blockbuster notoriety from the filming of the movie Cliffhanger. Our intent on it, though, was to follow in the footsteps of Georg Winkler, who in 1887 boldly soloed the Winkler Crack, (5.7), a remarkable feat for its time. Though Simon and I bailed due to billowing clouds, Dave and Rico started up the first tower and only stopped when engulfed in a whiteout.
At the end of the day, we headed back to the Stella Alpina to enjoy our last night together.
Trapped in the Rifugio's deserted dining room, Rico, Dave, Simon and I watched anxiously as Remo carefully removed a large wooden bowl from the top shelf of his hutch, dusted it off, gave it a quick rinse, and filled it. None of us can recall exactly what the concoction contained®only that it was a lethal amount of alcohol and a few cups of coffee. Remo heated the mixture with his coffee-machine milk frother, then lit it. We gazed intently at the electric-blue flame before the lid covered it.
Hand crafted from a single chunk of maple, then ornately carved, the coppa dell'amicizia, literally meaning the cup of friendship, had several spouts and in keeping with tradition we passed it around until empty.
The next day revealed that Simon, Dave and I had all taken many pretend sips. So it was no surprise when Rico bore the grandest of hangovers. His face was the color of his filthy lime-green puffy jacket.
All too soon, it was time to leave. We said our goodbyes to Remo, feeling that we had left a little bit of our souls at the Stella Alpina. Rico just left a little of his stomach as well.
Monique Forestier lives in the Blue Mountains, near Sydney, with her dog, Ziggy, and photographer husband, Simon Carter.
Dolomites routes are long, committing and intimidating. Do not underestimate their seriousness. Select your routes carefully, consult the guidebook, and ask around. A little beta can go a long way, especially for complicated descents.
Getting there | The Dolomites are located in the far northeastern region of Italy. The nearest international airports are Milan, Venice, Innsbruck and Vienna, and each have good ongoing coach or train connections. For ease and flexibility it is highly recommended that you rent a car (book online in advance) from the airport, particularly if you have a lot of gear. You can manage without a car in the Dolomites, where public buses operate throughout the region, but will need patience and time.
When to go | Mid-June through September. August is the busiest time and very crowded, so book accommodations in advance.
Gear | For multi-pitch trad routes take a complete rack of cams and wires, lots of long slings (some thin slings are good to thread pitons) and double 60-meter ropes. Take bail biners and cord to back up old gear. A helmet is a necessity. For sport climbing, a single 60-meter rope is fine, and take a light rack in addition to quickdraws.
Guidebook | There are many guidebooks available but most are in Italian and only cover specific areas. Seek out Classic Dolomite Climbs by Anette Köhler and Norbert Memmel before you arrive in the Dolomites. It details 94 classic climbs from 11 areas and is in English.
Where to stay | Camping is possible in various locations. The rifugios are delightful but more expensive. The rates vary but approximate costs per night are: for a bed only, $31-$47; and for half penzione, or breakfast, bed, shower and dinner, $62-$94.
Rest-day activities | Walk the mountain trails in search of wildflowers, war ruins and lakes. Visit the Messner Mountain Museum. For shopping, head to opulent Cortina d'Ampezzo, stock up on the latest catwalk fashion and gelato, and replenish any climbing items from K2 Sport.


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GhostStop.com was formed by a paranormal investigator for paranormal investigators to help provide the best ghost hunting equipment available for the best prices. We have taken the time to test out much of our equipment and offer only what we consider the best equipment for ghost hunting. The 'Our Picks' section features a handful of ghost hunting equipment we use on every investigation.
We offer a wide selection of ghost hunting equipment from EMF meters, digital voice recorders (for EVP), thermometers, thermal cameras, DVR video systems with night vision, equipment cases, digital cameras and video cameras to paranormal magazines, books, DVDs, ghost hunter apparel and more.


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Gemstone Ring
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• Sterling Silver Amethyst Ring • Solitaire Ring • 1 Emerald Cut Amethyst totaling 7.30 CT.
In-stock items will ship within 5 business days of your order. Special order pieces will ship within 3-4 weeks of your order unless otherwise noted. Custom piece timelines can vary. For special requests please contact us. We try our best to accommodate!
Returns will be honored within 30 days of the original purchase with the original receipt and the original form of payment. Returned merchandise must be unused, in original condition, and where applicable, in the original gift box with all warranty cards and instruction booklets intact. Sale items are non-returnable.
If for any reason you are not satisfied with your purchase, please contact our store at (859) 331-4653. Refunds and exchanges can be given within 30 days of receiving your purchase, excluding custom, personalized, or special orders. With all of our pieces, we strive to make things right- so if you are not fully satisfied with your purchase, please reach out!
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The sold-out Grizzlies-Spurs playoff game Saturday, May 25, at FedExForum will be seen on several large outdoor LED screens in the Downtown area including Beale Street.
Memphis Mayor A C Wharton Jr. announced the plans for the outdoor public viewings Thursday afternoon.
As the game is underway in FedExForum, the Memphis in May International Festival Sunset Symphony will be going in Tom Lee Park along with an air show and a fireworks display.
The outdoor screens are being set up with support from the Beale Street Merchants Association and the Greater Memphis Chamber.
West Village, Rhodes College's newest residence hall, has been awarded the LEED Silver certification by the U.S. Green Building Council.
The facility opened in August.
LEED stands for Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design, and it's an internationally recognized program providing third-party verification of green buildings. Such buildings are designed to lower operating costs and increase asset value, in addition to reducing waste sent to landfills, being healthier and safer overall for occupants, reducing greenhouse gas emissions and conserving energy and water.
The Arthritis Foundation will hold the 2013 Arthritis Walk Memphis at Shelby Farms' Patriot Lake on June 1.
The free annual walk, which takes place in hundreds of cities nationwide, helps improve the lives of the 50 million adults and 300,000 children living with arthritis in the U.S. By 2030, an estimated 67,000 Americans will have arthritis, according to the Arthritis Foundation.
Arthritis also costs the U.S. economy about $128 billion each year, the foundation said.
A consultant retained by Arkansas highway officials to assess the feasibility of making all or parts of Interstate 40 between North Little Rock and West Memphis a tollway to pay to widen the highway is surveying motorists on why they use the route and their willingness to pay a toll.
The survey, which can be found at www.ark40.com, will be available for two weeks for people who travel the highway, state Highway and Transportation Department officials said Wednesday.
Electronic message boards have been stationed along I-40 to spread the word about the survey, including two stationed near the Galloway exit in North Little Rock. Additionally, fliers will be distributed at truck stops and rest stops along the route.
The Arkansas Highway Commission authorized the study in March 2012 as part of a due diligence to study the feasibility of all sources of funding.
In 2011, voters in the state approved renewal of the existing $575 million bond program to pay for repairs on nearly 300 miles of interstates. In November, they approved a temporary half-percent sales tax that would be in place for 10 years and finance a $1.3 billion bond program targeting construction of four-lane highways or adding capacity to existing four-lane highways.
Neither one of those proposals, state highway officials have noted, add capacity to I-40.
The Arkansas Democrat-Gazette reports (http://is.gd/JsFix0) current federal law allows states to add lanes to existing interstates and charge tolls for the new lanes only, said Alan Meadors, who heads the department's planning and research division. But the study also will look at adding a lane in each direction and tolling all lanes in the event federal law changes, he said.
The 130-mile section of I-40 between North Little Rock and West Memphis is particularly vexing because of the high concentration of big trucks. Truck traffic exceeds 50 percent of the total traffic in several sections, a volume that is "almost unheard of on two-lane interstates," said Jessie Jones, who is a department engineer and second in command of the agency's planning and research division.
The average daily vehicle count ranges between 30,000 and nearly 40,000, Jones said.
Average rates on fixed-mortgage rose for the third straight week, hitting their highest levels since mid-March. Still, mortgage rates remained close to historic lows, a trend that should help sustain the housing recovery.
Mortgage buyer Freddie Mac said Thursday that the average rate for the 30-year loan increased to 3.59 percent this week. That's up from 3.51 percent last week and above the rate of 3.31 percent reached in November, the lowest on records dating to 1971.
The average on the 15-year loan jumped to 2.77 percent. That's up from 2.69 percent last week. The record low of 2.56 percent was hit on May 2.
To calculate average mortgage rates, Freddie Mac surveys lenders across the country on Monday through Wednesday each week. The average doesn't include extra fees, known as points, which most borrowers must pay to get the lowest rates. One point equals 1 percent of the loan amount.
The average fee for 30-year mortgages was unchanged at 0.7 point last week. The fee for 15-year loans also was steady at 0.7 point.
The average rate on a one-year adjustable-rate mortgage held at 2.55 percent. The fee for one-year adjustable-rate loans was unchanged at 0.4 point.
The average rate on a five-year adjustable-rate mortgage edged up to 2.63 percent from 2.62 percent. The fee was steady at 0.5.
West Memphis is to receive a $10.9 million grant to expand the city's port.
The grant from the U.S. Transportation Department announced Wednesday will go toward rail improvements.
The work will enable the port to handle more freight. The Transportation Department says the project will not only help the port but will spur other business activity by stimulating more trade. The expansion is expected to attract development in West Memphis, which will create more jobs.
The expansion will dramatically expand the port's railcar capacity. Officials say that in 2012, the port handled only 800 railcars. When the project is complete, the port at West Memphis will be able to handle almost twice that number each week.
Breakaway Running, a specialty running store with high-quality performance shoes, fitness apparel, nutrition and accessories will be setting up shop in what is becoming a bustling Overton Square.
Breakaway Running signed a lease for 2,346 square feet of retail space at 2109 Madison Ave. in Overton Square, leaving its current home of 1997 Union Ave. this summer. Breakaway Running is the second fitness-focused business to sign a lease at Overton Square, following the opening of Delta Groove Yoga in April.
The move to Madison – with its bike lanes and more pedestrian friendly atmosphere – should fit nicely with Breakaway Running.
"The Madison Avenue bike lanes and the property's proximity to Overton Park make Overton Square a great spot for fitness retailers," said Aaron Petree, vice president of brokerage at Loeb Properties, in a statement.
The new store will face Madison, occupying the building that once housed a skating rink.
Memphis City Council members voted down a K-8 home schooling center in Midtown and a collision repair center in Cordova at their Tuesday, May 21, meeting.
The Natural Learning Center at 2368 Circle Ave. in the Lea's Wood neighborhood near Overton Park drew opposition from the neighborhood.
Likewise, the collision center at 2288 Germantown Parkway at Varnavas Drive in Cordova was opposed by the Cordova Leadership Council.
The council approved a truck freight terminal planned development at the end of Hudgins Road, east of Interstate 55, near Airways Boulevard.
In other action, the council matched a set of three ordinances the Shelby County Commission approved Monday on the first of three readings. The city and county ordinances delay the effective date for enforcing new seismic provisions in the home and existing structures building code from July 1 to the end of 2013.
Council member Kemp Conrad's resolution to ban the practice of pension "double dipping" by city employees was approved on the second of three readings.
And the council approved a $609,000 contract with Pencco Inc. for fluorosilic acid Memphis Light, Gas and Water Division will use in the fluoridation of the city's drinking water.
A group of citizens opposed the contract causing the delay of the contract vote two weeks ago. They again claimed fluoridated water was harmful and that it had no effect on tooth decay.
Shelby County Health Department director Yvonne Madlock was among those who told the council the reports and studies cited by the opponents are unverified and unproven.
"I feel like I'm pretty healthy in my old age," said council member Bill Boyd, who said he's been drinking fluoridated tap water since the city began fluoridation in the early 1970s.
Electrolux's approximately 250 people in its Memphis facility are participating in the company's community outreach effort taking place across North America this week.
Employees in Memphis are assembling Red Cross "comfort kits" consisting of essential items for families displaced from their homes by a fire, natural disaster or other emergency.
The kits will include toothpaste, shampoo and soap among other items provided by Electrolux.
Similar events will take place at the company's other locations across the country, and this week marks the first time the company has held community-focused events across its North American locations simultaneously.
Several Federal Reserve policymakers this month favored slowing the Fed's efforts to maintain record-low long-term interest rates as early as June – if the economy showed strong and sustained growth. But those officials appeared at odds over what evidence would demonstrate such gains.
Minutes of the Fed's April 30-May 1 meeting released Wednesday show "a number" of members expressed a willingness to scale back the $85 billion a month in Treasury and mortgage bonds the Fed has been purchasing, perhaps as soon as next month, if the economy accelerates. The Fed next meets on June 18-19.
Still, Chairman Ben Bernanke, the Fed's most important voice, signaled Wednesday in testimony to Congress that it is too soon for the Federal Reserve to slow its extraordinary stimulus programs.
Reducing the Fed's efforts to keep borrowing rates low would "carry a substantial risk of slowing or ending the economic recovery," Bernanke said in testimony to the Joint Economic Committee, a panel that includes members of the House and Senate.
The Fed has been buying $85 billion a month in Treasury and mortgage bonds since September. That has helped lower long-term interest rates and encouraged more borrowing and spending.
Memphis-based American Queen Steamboat Co. announced on Tuesday, May 21, that it has bought a second cruise boat from the U.S. Maritime Administration.
"Empress of the North," a U.S. flagged riverboat with five decks and room for 223 guests, will be renamed "American Empress."
It will travel rivers of the Pacific Northwest starting in April 2014 with a homeport of Portland, Ore.
The boat was built in 2002 and operated by Majestic America from 2002 to 2008.
American Queen did not disclose a purchase price for the boat.
The company bought the American Queen, the largest steamboat in the world, from the maritime administration with financing from the city of Memphis and other investors for a refurbishment in which the American Queen called Memphis its homeport.
Memphis also became home to the newly formed company as well.
Shelby County Chancellor Kenny Armstrong heard on Tuesday, May 21, from all sides in a disputed countywide school board race from August 2012.
The trial took several hours in Shelby County Chancery Court with no ruling from Armstrong from the bench after he heard attorneys for school board member Kenneth Whalum Jr. make the case that the District 4 election results should be voided.
Whalum lost to Kevin Woods, another school board member, in the certified election results.
But all sides in the case including attorneys for Woods and the Shelby County Election Commission acknowledge some voters outside the district got ballots with the school board race on them and other voters who live in the district got a different school board race on their ballots.
At issue is whether the disputed votes are enough to change the margin of victory by Woods in the certified results and whether the problems were so widespread that the election results should be thrown out. Armstrong gave no indication when he might rule.
Shelby County Commissioners approved Monday, May 20, a five-year $1.7 million contract with American Medical Response of Tennessee Inc. for emergency ambulance service in Shelby County outside Memphis.
AMR won the contract in a proposal that the county administration judged better than Rural Metro, which has had the contract for the last six years.
But Rural Metro executives contested the process used for the contract prompting a lengthy question-and-answer session with commissioners going over the details of the offers with leaders of both companies.
Both companies submitted alternate proposals for an option that would see Germantown opting out of the arrangement.
The dispute was over an option in which Germantown and Collierville opted out.
Neither company submitted a proposal specifically on that option. The administration instead looked at the cost each company estimated would be involved for including Collierville and calculated from there.
The commission also voted down Monday a resolution that would have repealed the living wage ordinance following passage of a state law earlier this year that bars local governments from setting such standards.
And the commission repealed an earlier ordinance that required contractors with county government to pay a certain amount of fringe or health benefits to those they employ on county jobs.
The commission also approved paying $152,255 in legal fees from its contingency fund to pay fees for the commission's role in the ongoing federal lawsuit over schools consolidation and municipal school districts. The commission had voted down a smaller amount in legal fees a month ago.
The Shelby County Commission also approved Monday a capital improvements plan budget of $29.9 million for the fiscal year that begins July 1.
The biggest part of that amount – $13.6 million – is pay-as-you-go projects funded from county savings with another $10 million in CIP funding from the federal government.
The largest amount of the spending for the next fiscal year – $12.5 million – will be for roads and bridges with another $7.7 million for information technology.
The CIP budget is a five-year plan with the four out years being a plan that could change as the future fiscal years approach. The five-year budget approved Monday is $82.7 million.
Unlike the operating budget, the CIP budget is funded with one-time federal and state money as well as bond money paid back with interest over 20 years to 30 years.
County government established a pay-as-you-go fund for paying for such projects with money saved during the administration of A C Wharton Jr.
The policy has continued under County Mayor Mark Luttrell as the county continues to drop its debt from the CIP bonds below the $1.7 billion high point it reached in 2002.
Most of the debt is the result of schools construction for the city and county school systems.
Dr. Kafait Malik, a professor of pharmacology at the University of Tennessee Health Science Center, has received a $2.9 million grant from the National Institutes of Health to study how the nervous system, hormones and immune system interact to regulate cardiovascular and kidney function and the development of high blood pressure.
The five-year grant from The National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, part of NIH, will enable Malik to understand how neuro-hormonal imbalances are tied to hypertension and its associated heart and vascular dysfunction and kidney damage.
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in the developed world and hypertension is the leading cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. In the U.S. about 33.5 percent of all people older than 20 are hypertensive, according to data from the American Heart Association.
Iberiabank has a new senior vice president and commercial relationship manager in the bank's Memphis market.
Brandon Cooper will be in the bank's Memphis-area corporate office at 4984 Poplar Ave. He comes to Iberiabank from Trustmark National Bank, where he was first vice president and commercial relationship manager.
Over his more than 14 years of banking experience, Cooper has worked in commercial real estate, corporate and business banking, private banking and retail banking. Iberiabank has 181 bank branch offices and two loan production offices in Louisiana, Arkansas, Tennessee, Alabama, Texas and Florida.
Tennessee employers who took advantage of the Work Opportunity Tax Credit program hit a record high in potential federal income tax savings during the fiscal year that ended in September.
That's according to Burns Phillips, acting commissioner for the Tennessee Department of Labor & Workforce Development.
Last year the department issued 64,300 certifications for the tax credit to Tennessee employers, equating to a potential federal income tax savings of more than $232 million. The WOTC program is available to any for-profit employer.
The local economic development organization LaunchYourCity Inc. has rebranded itself as Start Co.
According to a release from the organization, the new name and identity better reflect the organization's offerings and values with a unified platform and mission. Along with that is a coming roll out of a redesigned website and new service offerings.
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Constraints – Don't make them DEFERRABLE or NOVALIDATE unless you need to. December 14, 2007Posted by Richard Foote in Constraints, Deferrable Constraints, Index Internals, Oracle Cost Based Optimizer, Oracle General, Oracle Indexes, Oracle Myths, Performance Tuning.
Back when Oracle8 was released, Oracle introduced a number of new features with regard to constraints.
The first was the option of making a constraint DEFERRABLE, meaning the policing of a constraint can be deferred until the issuing of the COMMIT, rather than during the execution of an individual statement. This gave application developers more freedom in how they designed code, particularly with regard to the order in which parent – child data is inserted and manipulated.
The second new option was the ability to enable a constraint with NOVALIDATE, meaning Oracle would enable the constraint but not bother to check existing data to ensure nothing violated the constraint.
This could be useful in a number of scenarios. For example, you have data that currently violates the constraint but have urgent business requirements to enable the constraint ASAP preventing further violations, with the intention of cleaning up the existing violations at some future time.
Or you know the data is OK, so to reduce the overheads associated with enabling the constraint (eg. reading all the data to check for violations), you enable the constraint "immediately" with NOVALIDATE, bypassing the "redundant" checking.
Both deferrable and novalidate constraints therefore imply there "could" be data at any given point in time that violates the constraint. Therefore Oracle also introduced the ability to have non-unique indexes (rather than unique indexes) policing either PK or Unique constraints. For deferrable or novalidate constraints, the index must in fact be non-unique, as a unique index would prevent any such (temporary) violations of PK or Unique constraints.
Now, there are a number of interesting and subtle differences in the manner in which Oracle manages and processes a Unique vs. a Non-Unique index (eg. the amount of storage they use, the amount of redo they generate, the number of latches they acquire). This will be discussed in another Blog entry some other day.
Today, I just want to focus on a couple of interesting little side-effects with regard to how the CBO deals (or doesn't deal)with NOT NULL and CHECK constraints that have been created as Deferrable or Novalidate.
In 9i, the CBO was clever enough to know that if someone searched for a NULL value but the column had a NOT NULL constraint, there couldn't possibly be any data matching the criteria. Providing you had an index on the column, the CBO would generate an execution plan that used the index, found no NULL values and returned an empty row set accordingly. If you had no index, the CBO would be forced to use a Full Table Scan. So the CBO actually used an index in an efficient manner to search for non-existent nulls.
BUT, if the NOT NULL constraint was either deferrable or novalidated, then Oracle couldn't know there were no nulls, there just might be. Therefore, Oracle was forced into the FTS regardless of the existence of the constraint or index, as null values are not indexed (unless part of a concatenated index).
See this demo for details: NOT NULLs demo with 9i
Since 10g, the CBO has become smarter. The NOT NULL example works in a very similar manner, except that the index is no longer required. If one searches for a NULL value on a column that has a NOT NULL constraint, the CBO automatically determines there can be no matching rows and returns the empty row set immediately with no LIOs. None, as accessing the data is simply not necessary.
BUT again, it can only do so if and only if the NOT NULL constraint is validated and nondeferrable, otherwise the CBO can't guarantee no nulls.
See this little demo for details: NOT NULLs demo with 10g
Although we actually have applications that intentionally search for nulls on NOT NULL columns to return empty row sets, it's not common that an application would perform such a search.
What is much more common is searching for a column value that simply doesn't exist. If a column value doesn't meet a business rule, it's a good idea to police such business rules with Check constraints. 10g has extended the NOT NULL scenario to include Check constraints. If a search attempts to search for a column value that violates a check constraint, Oracle will immediately return an empty row set without performing any LIOs.
But once again, it can only do so if the check constraint has been validated and set as nondeferrable.
See this demo for a 10g check constraint example: Check Constraints with 10g
Making constraints deferrable or enabling them with novalidate can be useful. However, if possible, ensure constraints are not deferrable and validated as this provides the CBO with additional information regarding the columns that it might just put to good use.
Additionally, unless there's a requirement to the contrary, use unique indexes rather than non-unique indexes to police uniqueness. But that's a discussion for another day …
- 7. Henry - December 18, 2007
What OS are you using? I reran your tests in 'Check Constraints with 10g' demo and got different results. When I queried using the 'FLAG = 3' filter, I still got 23 consistent gets and no 'FILTER' operation in the execution plan.
I am running 10.2.0.3 on RedHat AS4
- 13. Vishal Gupta - December 30, 2007
I read both the blogs (Richard's and Howard), i sometimes wonder why people get so protective about their argument. Why can't they agree to disagree and not get personal in their remarks? Make me wonder….
- 15. Vishal Gupta - December 30, 2007
Good man.
By the way, your posts are very good.
- 16. coskan gundogar - March 4, 2008
Why do you think Oracle changed back the behaviour of check constraints to old state on 11G ????
SQL> select version from v$instance;
SQL> CREATE TABLE check_const (id NUMBER, flag NUMBER CONSTRAINT check_flag CHECK (flag IN (1,2)));
Table created.
SQL> INSERT INTO check_const SELECT rownum, mod(rownum,2)+1 FROM dual CONNECT BY level commit;
Commit complete.
SQL> exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats(ownname=>NULL, tabname=>'CHECK_CONST', estimate_percent=> NULL, method_opt=> 'FOR ALL COLUMNS SIZE 1');
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL> SQL> set autotrace on;
SQL> SELECT * FROM check_const WHERE flag = 3;
no rows selected
Execution Plan
Plan hash value: 2565919798
| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
1 – filter("FLAG"=3)
156 recursive calls
0 db block gets
39 consistent gets
0 physical reads
0 redo size
332 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
409 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
1 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
3 sorts (memory)
0 sorts (disk)
0 rows processed
- 18. coskan gundogar - March 6, 2008
this is the outout of 3th execution after db restart
this is linux version of 11G running on Oracle Enterprise Linux 4
sorts decreased but consistent gets are still same woth value of 23
0 recursive calls
0 db block gets
23 consistent gets
0 physical reads
0 redo size
332 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
409 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
1 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
0 sorts (memory)
0 sorts (disk)
0 rows processed
- 20. coskan - March 6, 2008
It is interesting that an Oracle does wrong behaviour on an OS that they encourage people to use 🙂
Thank you for all these excellent content you share with us.
- 22. Dale Cook - December 18, 2010
Richard, interesting and useful blog. Do you know of any performance implications for making foreign key constraints deferrable?
- 23. DOAG2011 – Addenda « Oraculix - November 20, 2011
[…] https://richardfoote.wordpress.com/2007/12/14/constraints-dont-make-them-deferrable-or-novalidate-unl…; Richard beschreibt hier, daß der Optimizer bei Deferred Constraints nicht mehr […]
- 24. Unterbewertet oder unbekannt: Deferred Constraints « Oraculix - March 12, 2012
[…] Foote beschreibt ferner, dass der Optimizer bei Deferred Constraints nicht mehr "weiß", ob in einer NOT […]
- pradeep.m - March 19, 2012
could some one please tell me what is the difference in making a constraint deferred and making a constraint disable?
when the index will be automatically created by the system for a column? and when we disable the constraint will that index gets dropped? after re-enabling the constraint can we recreate the index for the column?
- 25. Deferrability Delayed | Learning in the Open - December 22, 2015
[…] Constraints – Don't make them DEFERRABLE or NOVALIDATE unless you need to https://richardfoote.wordpress.com/2007/12/14/constraints-dont-make-them-deferrable-or-novalidate-un… […]
- 26. Aulselvan - December 18, 2022
Hi Sir,
I created a table with one field which has one 1 and null values.when i tried to add another field with not null constraint with the following statement Alter table t1 add (col2 number not null novalidate); but it does not allow .then i tried Alter table t1 add (col3 number not null DEFERRABLE novalidate); it allowed.Kindly explain why it does not allow when define not null constraint with novalidate. If i try to add not null constraint to the first column instead of add second column it allows with the following statement ALTER TABLE t1 MODIFY COL1 NOT NULL novalidate;Thank you.
create table t1(col1 integer);
insert into t1 values(1);
insert into t1 values(null);
select * from t1;
Alter table t1 add (col2 number not null novalidate);–Not Allowed
Alter table t1 add (col2 number not null DEFERRABLE novalidate);–Allowed
ALTER TABLE t1 MODIFY COL1 NOT NULL novalidate;–Allowed