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Unemployment Stories, Vol. 17: 'Hoping, But Also Having it Hurt to Hope'
More than two million Americans are scheduled to lose their unemployment benefits at the end of this year. Beyond that lies the abyss. Every week, we are bringing you true stories from the unemployed. These are your fellow citizens. This is what's happening out there.
The college dropout
Like so many others, I've been hit by unemployment- hard.
I had a good job working for an airline. I made good money, had great benefits (both health and travel), and was only in a minor amount of debt. For a young person without a college degree (I foolishly dropped
out of college my sophomore year when I was offered the airline position) or any small children to worry about, it really was a dream job. I wasn't living the high life by any means, but my rent and bills were paid and I never worried about having to choose between putting gas in my car or food on my table.
Then in 2008, I got injured on the job and had to undergo surgery and rehabilitation. No big deal, because Worker's Comp covered it all, and I was fortunate enough that the airline allowed me to do light duty office work in their general offices until I was given the go-ahead by doctors to get back to flying, even though I was told that my knee would never be the same and that I would in all likelihood need a
complete knee replacement by the time I was 40. My doctor had offered to put me on disability for my knee, but I wanted to work. My injury did not seem bad enough to not work, and I felt it would be unfair of
me to accept it when there are other people with disabilities more severe than mine. I drive myself crazy every day wondering if this was a mistake on my part and if I should have taken it when I had the
So I went back to work… briefly. Long story short, within three months I, along with over 500 additional employees was laid off when the economy nosedived and the airlines were losing hundreds of millions of
Despite making a comfortable sum of money at the airline, unemployment only paid around $375 per month. It was exceedingly difficult to find a job that I was qualified for, let alone anything that paid well in
the tanking economy. During this time I decided to go back to college and finish my degree- as pointless as it seems now, it was soul-crushing to only be able to apply for low-paying, miserable retail jobs because I didn't have a degree to get anything better. During this time I also realized that my savings was going to run out more quickly than I anticipated and that unemployment was going to run out soon, so I made the poor decision to accept a position as retail supervisor- basically a glorified sales associate with management duties but not management pay. It was hell. There were no medical benefits, the hours and pay were miserable, and I was barely making enough to live check to check... A few weeks ago, I was called into the office and given an ultimatum- that I either drop out of school to focus more on working this shitty $9/hour job, or I would be fired if I didn't just quit. I was pretty taken aback by this. I didn't want to quit because I knew that then I would be screwing myself over and unable to file for unemployment, and I am nearly finished with college now so I wasn't about to quit school. So I let them fire me.
Now I'm fighting them to get unemployment- they are using the missed work days against me, despite it being scheduling errors on their behalf. I am pretty certain that the way in which they terminated me was shady and probably illegal, but I can't even afford to walk into a lawyer's office, so forget that. Their firing me also amounts to over two years of work experience that I can't include on any job applications because I know that the place will just give me a bad reference. In short, they really screwed me and I'm more or less helpless to do anything about it.
Currently I've got no real, steady income, no insurance, nothing. My once debt-free existence is now a thing of the past. I couldn't even pay my rent anymore so I had to move in with family, which pretty much
sucks when you're in your late twenties. I worry constantly about what the hell I am going to do if I should have a medical emergency, or if my car should break down. I do whatever odd jobs I can to help out,
whether it's babysitting or cutting grass or donating blood. I am depressed as all hell, and in six months I will have student loan debt to add on top of everything else- it feels like a vicious cycle that I have no hope of ending. I have been applying for jobs nonstop. In the last three months I have probably applied for and sent out resumes to close to 150-200 jobs. I have had exactly one interview that obviously did not end with me working. Even the career services center at my school has told me that right now things just aren't very promising because the job market sucks- too many people looking for work, without enough work to go around. I barely eat because I just have no appetite, I don't sleep very well, and I cry a lot. My knee still gives me problems and hurts a lot, and there really is not much I can do for it- I'm prescribed pain medication that I don't want to depend on. When people have told me that I'm just not trying hard enough or being too lazy to find a job, any job, I want to scream and shake them. As selfish as this may sound, I am just thankful that I do not have kids to worry about supporting because I don't know how I would be able to. I try to tell myself that there are people in my same situation who do have kids and are therefore much worse off.
I try and try to see the light at the end of the tunnel, but each day it gets harder and harder to do this.
Benadryl and babysitting
I consider myself lucky. In March of 2008, after working for a commercial real estate firm for four years, I was told that all of the brokers were merging with another firm and they could not bring any support staff. In order for me to qualify for an extremely generous severance package I needed to stick it out for another month.
After one additional month of unemployment I was able to get a temp to hire position at an event management company. This new job was amazing; I was working in an office full of young people who all really made the office a fun place to work. As I said, this was a temp to hire position, they promised me that I would be hired within the two month 'trial' period. That came and went, then they told me there was a hiring freeze (all while they hired two new sales people).
I continued to be dedicated to my work with the hopes that I would be eventually hired. Then the layoffs started. Two weeks before Christmas the company decided to lay off about 30% of the workforce, in the middle of the working day. Fortunately, I was not included on that lay off, but I remember sitting through that day with coworkers cleaning out desks with tears streaming down their faces and me feeling this immense sense of guilt that I was still working. The layoffs continued on almost a weekly basis, to the point that we figured out they happened on a Friday after 5. Needless to say we all left early on Fridays. After being a permanent temp for about a year, a former coworker found my position posted to the company's external job board. Having thought that I left, she emailed me asking where I started working. Panic set in. My greatest fear was confirmed when they told me that they hired someone at half my rate to do my job. I was officially let go from my permanent temp job in July of 2009.
I spent the rest of that summer applying for every job online, taking Benadryl so I could sleep most of the day away or playing countless hours of solitaire. To say I was depressed was a gross understatement. The funny part of this was, because I was unemployed, I was also unable to afford my antidepressants.
Luckily after about two months I started going on temping assignments. While this got me out of the house every day, it turned out to be horribly depressing. Going to different places for a couple of weeks at a time knowing you would never be hired permanently sucks the life out of you. I was under so much stress that I would continually get extremely ill, but because I had no health insurance, I would just try to remedy my continued vomiting with over the counter solutions. My depression and anxiety got so bad that I had to be hospitalized and put on suicide watch for three days. That was when I hit bottom. Luckily, after I was released I was able to get psychiatric treatment through the hospital's community clinic, only paying $5 for my weekly therapist sessions and was prescribed a $4 generic anti-anxiety medication.
After about seven months of temping I was actually brought in on a temp to hire position for a company that I previously temped for. Fortunately this time around it was different, I was hired within three months and I have worked here for almost two years now...
My advice to anyone who is currently unemployed: get in contact with a recruiter. *At one point, I had four recruiters that I worked regularly with. Of the hundreds of jobs that I applied online I only received one call back. My recruiters also kept me steadily temping so I could extend my unemployment as long as possible. As much as it sucks, it does get better. Also, if you have the opportunity, babysit. This was a great way to earn extra cash that was not reported to the unemployment office.
The education consultant
I put myself through college and then grad school. Along the way, I was very fortunate and worked hard to maintain the standards that would afford me some scholarships and financial aid, but was unlucky to have spent several years as an uninsured student and those are debts not captured by my student loans. So, as I was preparing to leave graduate school (with an M.A. AND an M.S. I might add) I launched a serious and all-out job search and landed an above entry-level position with a franchised educational company as an inside-consultant and educational/operations trainer. [After six years, she was laid off]...
I told myself that I would be better off, and find a job that respected my talents, ethics, and expertise and a need for a work-life balance. I had outgrown the last job, but with all the upheaval I hadn't wanted to move up into management at my last company anyways. I couched this as "blessing in disguise," and set out to find a new job.
Well, it's nearly 8 months later. And I am reminded how, even when I was unhappy to watch brand new employees with no experience in this industry get promoted above me, I was afraid to leave my job and paycheck and benefits. 8 months of panic attacks about how to fill prescriptions, 8 months of applying for 12-20 jobs a week, 8 months of running out of suitable jobs to apply for roughly every 3 weeks and then applying for anything – some of my favorites include: bus driver, taco assembler, packing specialist at a sporting company and delivery driver. Meanwhile, I am genuinely applying for jobs as an instructional designer, curriculum developer, and trainer/Learning manager. I have also applied in sales training, franchise sales, business development, project management, higher ed, college admissions, writing jobs, marketing jobs, logistics and scheduling jobs, nanny positions, and office manager positions. I have applied to colleges, career and trade schools, non-profits, for profits, school districts, after-school ed programs, health care and human service groups, political and activism groups, entertainment companies, food companies, distributors, big businesses, small businesses, grocery stores, doctor's offices, libraries, toy companies . . . the list goes on and on. I have applied for positions in 5 states other than this one. I have to bite my tongue when people condescendingly ask me if, "I've broadened my search and thought outside the box." ...
Everyone who wants to be supportive keeps telling me, "it will happen," and "there's a reason for this." I now do this to myself –when I don't get a job I really liked and got close to, I tell myself it's because the job I eventually get will be even better. But this kind of magical thinking doesn't really bear out. It's just as likely that in another few months I'll still be looking. This scares me down to my toes because when I have applied for entry level positions (under the heading of: I need a job, not working is making me hate myself, I have to apply to a certain number of jobs per week, and maybe being employed will make me look more employABLE to other organizations) people have told me, "I can't hire someone as over-qualified as you." So, I can't gun for C-level positions, and it's been seven-plus months of trying to get jobs at the middle-management level I was at in various and sundry industries, I've looked everywhere, but I also can't aim lower. I also have spoken to friends, professional contacts, and recruiters who all say, "We're soooo surprised that you haven't gotten a job yet!" I know this is meant as a compliment that they are so confident in me and my skills, but all I can hear is, "you must be doing something wrong."
My mom once confided in me that all she ever wanted to be was a wife and mother. Well, all I ever wanted to be was stable, smart, and self-sufficient enough to be both independent and able to contribute to the greater good. That's why I worked so hard and completed 10 years of education post-high school! I know a lot of people in my situation are going back to school, but if I can't get hired with 2 Master' degrees, I'm afraid of what happens if I get more schooling. Also, what if the job I try to get additional education for doesn't have openings 2-3 years from now? Then I've done nothing but delay the problem and increase my school debt.
With each passing week of unemployment, I see my options dwindle. People I thought were friends and loved ones make careless comments about "welfare and unemployment" and people who "CAN work but refuse to." I want people to know that most of the unemployed people out there today are educated, motivated, smart, industrious people like me who through a serious of strange and unfortunate events, or just bad finances in their company, have found themselves with no recourse but to collect unemployment and keep sending resumes out, hoping, but also having it hurt to hope. I want people to know that getting myself out of bed every Monday and watching my friends, boyfriend and neighbors go to work hurts and gets harder every week. I want people to know that I don't drink, or watch TV, but that sending our resumes and getting no response gets harder and harder to do. I want people to know how jealous I am when I hear them casually mentioning going to the doctor or their mid-year review. I want people to know that the spoken and unspoken expectations that I "stay positive" is really not the same as being supportive.
My whole life is on hold. I can't travel, even for a week to see loved ones or go to an event. I can't have a family. I can't work on the debt I took on as a student. It will take months or years to recover financially, career-path-wise, and emotionally from this, whether it involves getting a job next week or going to school next year. My plans to have a family may literally be halted forever by this unexpected stall out because I can't just decide to get pregnant and have to adopt, and therefore prove stability and readiness to parent. It's not just a paycheck, or a job to go to – it's everything I could do and want to do, work and otherwise.
The first job back
I'm actually going to skip most of the before and during unemployment time. Many before me have described it well. You see it coming to an extent, but keep thinking it won't be you. It happens, you're a bit shocked, but you're you. You relax for a time because this can't last, right? That's when you call it funemployment. Then determination sets in. Look how far you've come. Grab those bootstraps, get up and give the world one right back in the teeth. I know not everyone was as lucky as I, but I got my job back. Same job, same pay. There was a freeze on raises, bonuses, 401k, and really anything outside our paycheck, but hell, I had a job. I was at my family's over Christmas when I got the call. A year unemployed, and one week from heading back home and VOLUNTEERING just to stay in my profession, hoping to make myself valuable enough that I'd get offered a job.
The reason I skipped most of the details is because I found my biggest danger came afterwards. Not to say the unemployed part itself wasn't a trial, it was, but once you've been unemployed, you find yourself looking at the world through a different lens. Or at least I did. I imagine it must be something akin to the mentality of our grandparents where you didn't need to like a job, you just need to have one and do it and keep it.
Some background: My company was as large one. The field is Architecture. My firm, like many large companies in the industry, get by on the labor of young professionals looking to make it in the world. The governing body of Architecture requires that, before anyone gets licensed, he or she does at least (this is all variable based on your degree) a 3 year internship. So what does that mean? There's at least 3 years worth of graduating classes of fresh bodies to pool from for all your menial tasks. And they'll do it because they don't have any other choice. And if you know one of us, you've heard our college nightmares. The 72 hours straight without sleep (more than once), the scathing critiques and immense workloads. These aren't myths. If you graduate with this degree, you've already been vetted for the needs of a big architecture firm. You can work like a mule and take abuse.
And now this industry that was already uber-competitive, suddenly has a depression to cull the herd, and the spot that was once competed for by 5 people, now has 100 applicants. The company was never shy about reminding us how tight the economy was still and in a very roundabout way, how lucky we were to have jobs...and how many other unemployed people there were in our field. We were so many cogs, but at least we were cogs in use.
So what happens when you're constantly reminded that your job is "in peril"? That fear has an interesting affect on you when you've been unemployed. You approach your job ravenously, like a feral animal on the verge of starvation. Personal life, dignity, anything outside the job, it takes a back seat. You'll work ridiculous hours, and any thought of doing something that might garner any emotion other than satisfaction from your employer stirs that little ball of fear in your stomach. And guess what? Your employer...they love this. And this is the danger we have to fight.
Employers won't mention this benefit of the Great Recession. But there it is. They suddenly have a pool of talent to choose from. Desperate talent that will suffer under any yoke to be employed. They hire you for less under the pretense of the economy, and manage to squeeze you for twice the work. It's a boon for them...
My breaking point was when our HR department sent out a not so thinly veiled threat. A tape gun had gone missing. It was presumed taken by an employee and not returned. The email we all received chastised us for taking this out of the room it belonged in, how expensive the item was (apparently this was a $50 tape gun) and how if it was not returned, losses like this would impact potential bonuses.
There it was. A bonus I'd yet to receive was being threatened for an office accessory that costs $12 (on Amazon, with 2 free rolls of tape). It dawned on me then and there. This wasn't worth it. I was being utterly abused...
And so, the moral of the story, to the unemployed, the recently re-employed, and even those who never were let go, don't forget the value of yourself. Don't forget your standards, your morals, what has guided you up until this point. It's so easy to set yourself aside and say it's a necessary pain. It's so much harder to find yourself again. I left my old company, sad to see so many good friends still there looking for their own ways out. I keep in touch, things are still getting worse for them. When I interviewed with my new employer I said outright the most important thing to me was respect. They liked that. I liked them. We're getting along well.
Words from a hiring manager
I read for the first time Gawker's series on Unemployment Stories. While I'm not unemployed, I do want to comment on how vividly these personal stories are. I work for a local health department and our agency are in fact one of the largest in the country. In addition to the public health portions of my own job, I also conduct interviews with prospective candidates for vacant positions in my department; we need to interview quite frequently, because we have a high turnover rate. I can say without a doubt that it is a very tough world out there, because we typically see upwards of 40-60 applicants every time we post a position. In the end, we limit in-person interviews to about 8-10 candidates max.
In contrast to the stories you have posted so far, most people we find applying for positions really struggle with expressing themselves in their cover letters. No, people shouldn't reveal the underlying grip of fear and desperation in their letters, but normally we see bland, half-baked letters that are totally cookie-cutter. As a prospective employer, I would not be paying attention to something if it didn't have a narrative, a lead-in to why I should pursue it any further. I think the stories Gawker has posted so far have some of that narrative and the voices of those job-seekers really come through.
Another thought that I took away is how the people in the stories are thinking, constantly thinking about so many things and responsibilities in their daily lives. One of the challenges we find most interview candidates have is that they often can't describe what's on their mind in their job hunting process, i.e. what they've been doing while unemployed, how they've kept themselves busy, and ways they been tracking/staying connected to everything while in job limbo. Unfortunately, life during these bad economic times often means we end up bifurcating our lives into job-hunting-mode and non-job-hunting-mode. For people who really have been searching for a very long time, that line blurs significantly as one confronts some of the very grim challenges of finding a job.
As remarked by some of the stories in your series, I do want to say there are two major points that are true about the job hunting process. First, we do remember the really stand-out candidates. It's not always about having the prestigious schools or impressive pedigree of big name employers; the ones who make a great impression in their interviews for whatever reason (maturity, dedication, humor, etc.) are not forgotten. While we may not always have the luxury of hiring every person we like, we will go back and contact people that impressed us and call them back for an interview if a new position opens up. To your readers, I would encourage that people invest time and energy in making their messages to employers both salient and memorable, both in the cover letters and subsequent interviews.
The last bit is about keeping yourself busy. The worst interview we've ever had in my entire time conducting them is a new post-graduate who apparently had struggled for two years to find a job. When we asked him what he had done during that period, he had virtually no explanation. Come on, we're not oblivious to the realities out there...you don't need to lie about it, but we also get very concerned if the response is that they did absolutely nothing productive. For parents, you still need to take care of your kids; for gardeners, tending the field; for die-hard readers of Gawker, it's keeping up new stories every day to stay updated on world happening. There's always something you're doing and knowing how to transform that into a narrative is important...and a valuable skill that we want to see job seekers display.
From one sympathetic interviewer to the masses of job hunters out there.
The full archive of our "Unemployment Stories" series can be found here.
[Thanks to everyone who submitted. You can send your own unemployment story here. If you'd like to contact someone you read about here, email me. Remember the unemployed this holiday season.]


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I get asked so many questions, the cards help. I explain that it's a sport-utility bike, a car replacement, and a cargo bike. That it's liberating for errands cause no parking. Go to the store, just pull right up, and park.
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text: Job Discussion Forums :: View topic - Private Schools in BAHAMAS Get TEFL Certified & Start Your Adventure Today! Job Discussion Forums"The Internet's Meeting Place for ESL/EFL Students and Teachers from Around the World!" FAQ Search Memberlist Usergroups Register Profile Log in to check your private messages Log in Private Schools in BAHAMAS Job Discussion Forums Forum Index -> General Caribbean Forum View previous topic :: View next topic Author Message BillyHoyleJoined: 25 May 2012Posts: 13 Posted: Wed Aug 08, 2012 1:14 pm Post subject: Private Schools in BAHAMAS Does anyone have any information about teaching (not esl) in the Bahamas? What is it like living there? How much does one need to earn to live comfortably? What are the private schools like? Back to top Display posts from previous: All Posts1 Day7 Days2 Weeks1 Month3 Months6 Months1 Year Oldest FirstNewest First Job Discussion Forums Forum Index -> General Caribbean Forum All times are GMT Page 1 of 1 Jump to: Select a forum Where to Begin----------------General DiscussionNewbie ForumCurrent Events ForumTechnology ForumOnline Teaching Forum Africa Forums----------------General Africa Forum Asia Forums----------------CambodiaChina (Job-related Posts Only)China (Off-Topic)Hong KongIndiaIndonesiaJapanMalaysiaPhilippinesSingaporeTaiwanThailandGeneral Asia ForumVietnam Caribbean Forums----------------General Caribbean Forum Europe Forums----------------Czech RepublicFranceGermanyGreeceItalyMacedonia and the BalkansPolandRomaniaRussia & C.I.S.SpainTurkeyUkraineUnited KingdomGeneral Europe Forum Latin America Forums----------------ArgentinaBrazilChileColombiaCosta RicaMexicoMexico (off-topic)PeruGeneral Latin America Forum The Middle East Forums----------------BahrainEgyptIsraelKuwaitOmanQatarSaudi ArabiaUnited Arab EmiratesGeneral Middle East Forum North America Forums----------------General North America Forum Oceania----------------Australia/New Zealand You cannot post new topics in this forumYou cannot reply to topics in this forumYou cannot edit your posts in this forumYou cannot delete your posts in this forumYou cannot vote in polls in this forum This page is maintained by the one and only Dave Sperling. Contact Dave's ESL Cafe Copyright © 2018 Dave Sperling. All Rights Reserved. Powered by phpBB © 2001, 2002 phpBB Group Teaching Jobs in China


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The Buick Riviera was a long-running model for the Buick company and a highly successful one. Buick produced the Riviera from 1963 until 1993 and again from 1995 to 1999. Eight generations of the car were manufactured over the years, making it one of the longest running vehicle models from the Buick company.
The Riviera name was first put onto hardtop, two-door Buicks as far back as 1949. The Buick Roadmaster Riviera was the first such model. A four-door, pillarless hardtop was introduced in 1955 that bore the Riviera moniker. From 1955 until the Riviera received its own line, the name was only used for six-window, hardtop style vehicles.
During its long and lustrous production, the Buick Riviera was known for many things, but it is best remembered for is its elegance and luxury. It has been everything from a luxury coupe, to a muscle car, to a reliable vehicle.
The first generation of the Riviera was introduced in 1963. The body of the vehicle was specially designed with a shorter and narrower frame than other Buicks. It featured the standard Buick V-8 that produced 325 horsepower, Twin Turbine automatic transmission, power steering, and power brakes. The Riviera has more power and less weight than other Buicks and is known as a power performer. The first generation ran till 1965.
The second generation of the vehicle was introduced in 1966. The frame remained the same, but the body was longer and more curvaceous than that of the previous model. The second generation had an upgraded V-8 with 360 hp, which provided greater power and torque. New disc brakes and aluminum brake drums handled this new power with style.
The third generation featured a whole new body, which included the now-famous boat-tail design. The body and wheelbase were larger, making this model a true monster to drive. The engine compression was also reduced to lower carbon emissions, but the engine was still powerful and retained its sportiness (despite the car's look). The third generation was discontinued in 1973.
The fourth generation was introduced in 1974 and ran till 1976. The Collonade design replaces the boat tail, and it is a pillared coupe instead of a hardtop coupe. The engine loses some of its power from the redesign. Still boasting a V-8, the horsepower drops to 230 on the standard model and 245 on Stage One models.
The fifth generation was introduced in 1977. It is scaled down from the previous generation. The engine again loses power, down to 155 hp. With this model year, the Riviera becomes less powerful and more conventional. This generation was short-lived with Buick discontinuing it in 1978.
The sixth generation was introduced in 1979, which was also the first year the Riviera had front-drive. 1982 also saw the first Riviera convertible.
The seventh generation ran from 1986 to 1993. The car, again smaller, contains a downgraded engine— a V-6. The poor power performance and styling of the car reduced sales.
The eighth and final generation was introduced in 1995 and ran through 1999. The body of this car is larger, and the model offers supercharged V-6 option. The supercharged version increases power to 240 hp. The car received a new suspension in 1996 that also increased performance potential. 1998 saw the supercharged 240 hp V-6 become standard on the Riviera. This makes the eighth generation the most powerful of the Riviera since the model's heyday.
The 2007 concept car, introduced in Shanghai, has a sleek, modern design with a large grill and sloping hood. The concept is based on the design of the classic Riviera model but with more modern technological influences, but it was never put into production.
Classic collectors will enjoy the sleek design and aesthetics of the Riviera from the 1970s, while those more interested in power and performance will find something to love in the models from the 1990s. Whatever your desire, always have a Riviera checked by a certified mechanic before purchase. No sense in buying all that power if the engine can't use it.
1998 Buick Riviera
Coupe, Midsize
1997 Buick Riviera
The 1997 Buick Riviera provides one of the few large coupes available on the market.
1996 Buick Riviera
The 1996 Buick Rivera is a powerful two-door coupe that led Buick's return to relevance in the luxury sedan market.
1995 Buick Riviera
The 1995 Buick Riviera is one of the few large coupes available on the market.


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September 24, 2010
You never know when tragedy will strike. What seemed like a normal Saturday afternoon for several hundred people ended in a horrific accident that made national headlines. Dr. Phil sits down with several survivors of the California 200 truck race and shares strategies for coping with post-traumatic stress disorder.
Deadly Day at the Races
Travis was severely injured in the Mojave Desert truck racing accident, where one driver took a jump at a high speed and plowed through the audience, killing eight people and injuring more than 40. Travis broke his neck in three places as well as five ribs, and his 21-year-old daughter, Heather, was injured as well. Now the family wonders how they can move past this ordeal.
"The next thing I remember was feeling gas dripping on me."
Teen Coping with Trauma
Travis and his wife, Jenny, are worried that their 13-year-old son, Jakob, who witnessed the gruesome scene, is still haunted by those memories. They say he wakes up in the middle of the night, vomits and can't stop crying.
Will a unique form of therapy help the teen open up about his pain?
A Bittersweet Reunion
Survivors Speak Up
Keith, who attended the California 200 race, says he's angry because his good friend, Brian, was killed, and he believes the driver acted irresponsibly. Plus, Derek says he struggles with guilt because his friend, Andrew, lost his life pushing Derek's 7-year-old son out of the way of the oncoming truck.
Dr. Phil has a plan for people suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder.


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Oct. 3, 2005
The Bisons and Lady Bisons tennis teams each played in three tournaments this Fall with Lipscomb Coach Lynn Griffith praising the efforts of both teams.
"If all our players stay healthy, and we do not have any academic casualties, the Spring season has the potential to be our best season as an NCAA Division I team," Griffith said.
The season started with a trip to the west part of the state for a tournament at the University of Tennessee-Martin. Also in the field was Southern Indiana. The men's team won dual matches against UT- Martin (4-3) and Southern Indiana (5-2).
The women's team participated in a round-robin event with each member of the team winning at least two singles matches and one doubles match. Erin Moakler was the big winner for the Lady Bisons with victories in three singles matches.
The next stop was the University of the South on top of Sewanee Mountain. Also participating in that tournament were Lee University and Tennessee Wesleyan. The doubles matches were called due to darkness, but the Bisons and Lady Bosons had solid performances in the singles matches.
Mike Sherman, Brent Taylor and Clayton Phillips won singles flights. David Carrillo and Colten Jones finished second in their flights.
Moakler, Casey Hall and Mary Beth Muncher won singles flights. Emily Ellis finished second in her flight. If the doubles competition had not been halted all three women's teams would have been playing for their flight championships.
The Bisons and Lady Bisons closed out their Fall competition with a stop at the University of Tennessee-Chattanooga.
"I challenged each team with three goals before play began," Griffith said. "I wanted to win more matches than we did last year. In 2004, we won nine matches. I wanted to have someone win a second round main draw match which was something we had never done at this tournament. And I wanted us to win a doubles match, something we did not do at the 2004 tournament."
Both teams rose to the challenge winning 14 matches. Three players advanced to the third round of their respective flights _ Mike Sherman, Casey Hall and Olivia Ellis. Moakler and Emily Ellis won a doubles match.
"Our doubles performance would have been better, but we had some health issues," Griffith said. "Brent Taylor advanced to the championship match of the consolation division of the "C" flight, losing a tough three-set finals. I was very proud of our performance in such a prestigious tournament."


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This is a lesson about discerning fact and fiction in news articles. Learners will read tabloid articles about meteorites and decide if the information is fact or fiction. Questions, extensions, and advanced preparation and procedural tips are... (View More) included. This is lesson 19 of 19 in Exploring Meteorite Mysteries. (View Less)
Keywords: Meteorites
Audience: Elementary school, Middle school, High school
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Nashville, Tenn. - Women's Basketball head coach Larry Joe Inman announced his first signing class at Tennessee State. The 2013-14 incoming class consists of Imani Davis (Tulsa, Okla.), Alexis Haddock (Collinwood, Tenn.), Jayda Johnson (Knoxville, Tenn.), Jemilah Leonard (Nashville, Tenn.), and Julie McCarthy (Honefoss, Norway).
The class addresses the needs created by the graduation of six seniors, Destiney Gaston, Kesi Hess, Simone Hopes, Avery Jones, Denisha Mumford and Jasmin Shuler.
"You just do not replace six or seven seniors," Inman said. "It is a very inopportune situation for us to have to sign six or seven players. But I am very excited about our early commitments and I just hope we can continue what we are doing."
Davis, a 6-0 wing, is listed as the No. 21-ranked athlete at her position according to ESPN Hoopgurlz. The Union High School product is a three-year starter for Jim Stacy and averaged 12.4 points, 6.9 rebounds and 3.0 steals per game. She is a three-time All-Conference and two-time All-State team member and was named to the VYPE Oklahoma Sports Magazine Top 100. Davis has had success in track and field as she claimed the 2012 Oklahoma 6A state championship in the high jump. At the same meet, she placed sixth in the 400 meters and ninth in the long jump.
"The fact Imani is the Oklahoma state high jump champion shows her athleticism. She has a poise most freshmen do not have and we look to her to contribute right away. She still needs to learn how to make the transition from high school to college, but has the right mental attitude and work ethic to make that adjustment. We are very excited for her to be a part of our program."
Haddock, a 5-8 guard from Collinwood High School averaged 13.2 points a game, while playing in all 28 games as a junior. The four-year starter plays AAU ball for Beth and Zac Stark on the TN Team Pride.
"Lexi is an extremely aggressive young lady who plays hard. She is a very gifted shooter who plays for an AAU team with a much respected coaching staff. We are very excited with what she brings in work ethic and versatility. We also like how aggressive she is when guarding her opponent."
Johnson, a 6-0 forward, is projected as the No. 91-ranked forward by ESPN Hoopgurlz. She averaged 16.3 points, 8.1 rebounds, and 2.8 steals per game as she led Coach John Fisher's Fulton High School team to a 26-3 record. FHS claimed a District 3-AA Championship and a spot in the Region 2-AA semifinals. Johnson earned a spot on the All-State team after her freshman and junior seasons and was named to the Prep Xtra 1st team during the same two campaigns. In July, 2012, her TN Flight Silver summer team won the Nike National Championship.
"Jayda was the first one to commit to us here at TSU. She is a strong young lady and is the kind of young athlete who does not take a back seat to anybody. She is very physical, very aggressive, very dominating, and is a great finisher around the basket. She is also the type of kid who can step outside and shoot the three. Most of the kids we are signing early are very versatile with their skills and abilities."
Leonard, a 5-7 guard, is regarded as the No. 37-ranked point guard according to ESPN Hoopgurlz. A four-year starter for Cherish Stringfield at Hillsboro High School averaged 11 points, four rebounds, five steals, and four assists per game as a junior. As a sophomore, she assisted the Burros to a District championship, while earning All-City and All-Region recognition. Leonard continued her success as a junior by being named to the All-District and All-City teams.
"A very similar player as Haddock has nice 'quicks', a nice jump shot from all spots on the court, and is really good off the bounce. She will also get in your face and guard you tough. We need help playing defense for 40 solid minutes and it takes very dedicated kids who are sold out to play defense and we feel she will do this for us. "
McCarthy, is a 6-2 forward/center who comes to TSU from Norway where she is a member of the U18 national team. At the European Championships, McCarthy registered three double-doubles while averaging 12.2 points and 11.4 rebounds per game. Her top game came against Israel as she scored 24 points and pulled down 24 boards. McCarthy transitioned to basketball after spending time on the world renowned Norwegian junior national team handball squad.
"Julie has a little more maturity than the average freshman due to her international experience. She will have to transition in styles as she is more use to a finesse style and we play more of a physical game. Her time playing on the team handball national team shows the type of talented athlete she is and she will be asked to play early."
With the departure of a large class, Inman's first class will be asked to make the transition quickly.
"Everyone who comes in has to contribute," Inman stated. "We don't like to look at freshmen and say they are freshmen. We look at them as basketball players. They all have experience internationally or through AAU. There are adjustments that need to be made, but they come in game ready. They all bring in a strong work ethic and a winning attitude. And that is what we need to change things here."


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Buzzer Beaters: Top Sports Stories for January 17
Chip Kelly, who went 46-7 in four years at the University of Oregon, is making the jump to the NFL as the new head coach of the Philadelphia Eagles. Kelly, known as an offensive innovator, had also interviewed with the Bills and the Browns. [Fox Sports]
Terry Francona's upcoming book could ruffle some feathers in Major League Baseball, particularly the offices in Fenway Park. In it, he details a meeting with Red Sox upper management in which a discussion of the team's falling TV ratings led to the acquisition of "sexier" players like Adrian Gonzalez and Carl Crawford. [ESPN]
The Brooklyn Nets remain undefeated in 2013, winning their seventh straight game Tuesday night, 113-106, over the Toronto Raptors. The Nets are now 9-1 since firing coach Avery Johnson and replacing him with P.J. Carlesimo. [Sports Illustrated]
Schools in the Southeastern Conference, winners of the last seven BCS championships, spends an astonishing $163,000 per athlete—an equally astonishing 12 times as much as they spend on, you know, regular students, according to a study by the Delta Cost Project at American Institutes for Research. [Deadspin]
Sure, you've heard announcers go bonkers before, but not like this. In an NAIA matchup, Lindsay defeated Georgetown College on a nearly-full-court shot at the buzzer, leading to one of the most marvelous freakouts by a commentator you'll ever hear. [GuySpeed]


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These unique keepsakes are created from neckties, t-shirts, blue jeans and other garments to celebrate the life of someone special or to mark an occasion you wish to remember. In addition to bears made from blankets and pillows created from neckties, owner Denise McDaniel of Cooleemee can make other special items from your treasured materials, such as Christmas stockings, luggage tags and laptop bags made from beloved ties. When someone you love becomes a memory, turn that memory into something you not only hold in your heart, but in your hands.
(336) 909-1174


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Wednesday night at Draper Diamond the Lady Bisons split a doubleheader with Trevecca Nazarene, which qualified last year for the NAIA National Tournament. The Lady Bisons lost 3-0 in eight innings in game one and then came back from a 9-0 first inning deficit to win game two 11-9 in seven innings.
The Lady Bisons wore their pink game jerseys in honor of Cancer Awareness Month.
"It was not the best couple of games for us to end with," Lady Bisons coach Kristin Ryman said. "We came out a little bit flat and it showed in the first game. We couldn't manage to get anything going offensively.
"Pitching-wise we weren't great in the first game but our pitching did keep us in it with Ashley Anderson and Jeneva "J.J." Nelson each pitching four innings. They weren't as sharp as we know they can be. It was 0-0 until the eighth inning."
Trevecca approached the games like they were counting on their record. Ryman admits she was disappointed with how her team started off the doubleheader especially at the plate.
"We learned a lot by the end of the second game about our team," Ryman said. "We had a really rough start in game two which is clearly not the way we wanted it to go.
"But this is the fall. This is our time to give people opportunities and throw them into situations and see what they can do. A lot of what we do in the spring is determined by what we see in the fall games."
Ali Watson struggled on the mound in game two. Whitney Kiihnl pitched the last six innings.
"I was very proud of our hitters and how they approached the second game," Ryman said. "Before we had a chance to hit it was a 9-0 game.
"Our mentality from that point was that we couldn't get it back with one swing. We decided to chip away and get back into the game. We slowly started putting some things together and had a couple of big innings that allowed us to get back into it."
Freshman Kristen Sturdivant, a right-handed batter, hit an opposite field home run to drive in three runs.
"I'm proud of Whitney and her composure," Ryman said. "She came in and we were down pretty big. All we needed her to do was to try to hold them off and give us the chance to get back into it offensively. She pitched six innings and did just that.
"We don't want to take a loss too hard at this point. We talked to the girls after the games about our approach and focus and how we will get better.
Ryman and assistant coach Lexi Myers will be working with the players on the details of the game the rest of fall practice.
"We continue to see the youth," Ryman said. "A lot of it is about confidence.
"The young ones got a good amount of game experience this fall which is what we wanted. We had a big win over Tennessee and then we have had games where we weren't quite as sharp. We have a good idea of where we need to go from here."
Written by Mark McGee, Senior Publisher/Director of Media Relations..


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Who Will Die on NCIS: Los Angeles?!Steve Marsi at . Comments
Hope you're sitting down for this one.
The NCIS: Los Angeles Season 3 finale in May will feature the demise of someone we know well.
Seriously, "Someone's gonna die that we know well," executive producer Shane Brennan said.
Gulp. The rest of his quote to TV Line about the upcoming arc teased that, "I've got the target, I'm just choosing which missile to fire. And there's a character or two coming back to tie some things up."
Which missile to fire? This sounds like no joke. The question is who it hits.
As we've seen on both NCIS and NCIS: LA, which dispatched one of its core cast members in the first season, the characters serve the overall show, not the other way around. Brennan really will go there.
It's unclear if the victim will be a core cast member in this case, though. Someone "we know well" leaves the door open for it to be a (somewhat) extraneous, ancillary character (Lauren Hunter for example).
Peter Cambor's Nate, who was initially a series regular but quasi-left the show to partake in covert ops, is another good possibility. Still, it makes you wonder if there's a surprise much bigger than that in store.
Perhaps the most devastating loss would be Linda Hunt's Hetty Lange, who's cheated death a few times already this season. We really, really hope it's not true, but it certainly would rock the team to its core.
Who do you think dies in the NCIS: LA finale? Share your comments below.
In other NCIS: Los Angeles news, there is a major Kensi-centric double episode coming up titled "Blye, K." That arc, Brennan says, goes to the very heart of why the character played by Daniela Ruah joined NCIS.
It also sets the stage for the NCIS: LA and Hawaii Five-O crossover during May sweeps. The show is looking for a late 40s actress to play the estranged mother of a female character ... gotta be Kensi, right?
Steve Marsi is the Managing Editor of TV Fanatic. Follow him on Google+ or email him here.


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To the Editor:
I recently had written a letter to both the mayor's office in Warwick and the Department of Environmental Management (DEM) office in Providence concerning public vehicle access into Rocky Point. DEM Deputy Director Lisa Primiano answered my letter and assured me that the DEM and the mayor's office are working hand in hand to provide easier public access.
As of this letter, I can say firsthand that the walk from the parking area to the shoreline carrying fishing gear, chairs or picnic items is quite a trek. And in the heat of the summer, it's even worse, especially for those who are elderly and not in the best of health.
Until they can make this easier for the public to access with vehicles, my short-term suggestion would then be a shuttle service in and out of the park and shoreline area. They would pick up the people in the parking lot area and take them to the shoreline area dropping them off at different locations within the park grounds. The shuttle vehicle would have to have the back of the vehicle as a cargo hole holding the things the people are taking down to the park. At first blush, this may seem like a lot, but it certainly would solve the problem for the time being since the work needed to have full publics access in and out may take some time.
I am sure between both the DEM and the mayor's office such a vehicle could be bought for next to nothing, used of course. And if money becomes the issue, I am sure people using this shuttle service would not mind paying a quarter or two for a round trip ride.
Rocky Point was enjoyed by many over the years and it's really a beautiful area for people to sit by the shore, fish and have picnics. Maybe once fully opened, a chowder and clam shack could be opened so people could get a bite to eat, but for now, the shuttle service seems like the logical solution to the problem at hand.
Rocky Point left a lot of people with good memories and a lot of people once again would like to visit the area. Every once in a while, call the mayor's office or the DEM office and ask how are you making out with the Rocky Point access problem. It's just too nice of a place to forget.
Thomas E. Allen
Tom, a quarter a trip? What century were you born in? Why should Warwick bear the burden of this cost for a person from Pascoag?
We bear the burden from providence don,t we. What the hell what is 1 more town come on down.
Tom, if we had a bus to take you from the parking lot to the beach, you would get on the front of the bus, walk to the back, and get out, because you'd already be there! It's that close. But you're right, there's work to be done before they can open the park completely. That little parking lot at the entrance won't do, when it's ready to open again. As one of the neighbors, I think what they need to consider is a means of getting to Rocky Point that doesn't involve driving through the residential areas surrounding the park. Back when, you could get there by train, which would be great, if there was a way to bring it back. Even better might be arranging to travel there by boat. But if you're unable to navigate the few hundred feet from parking lot to shoreline, let me know next time you're planning to go fishing. I'll come over and help you carry in your equipment.


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Q. In a large electrical room with numerous pieces of equipment rated at 1,200A or more, the question has arisen as to whether panic hardware is or is not required on all of the personnel doors. One personnel door is located 30 feet from the nearest edge of the switchgear, which is rated at 2,000A. The other personnel door is located 3 feet from the nearest edge of the motor control center, which is rated at 1,600A. There is also a roll-up door for moving equipment in and out of the room. Per the 2008 version of the NEC, which one of the following is the correct answer?
- All personnel doors must have panic hardware and open in the direction of egress. In this example, it would include both the personnel doors.
- All personnel and equipment doors must have panic hardware.
- All personnel doors located within 25 feet of electrical equipment rated 1,200A or greater must have panic hardware, and open in the direction of egress. In this example, it would only include the personnel door located within 3 feet of the motor control center.
- Section 110.26(C)(3) would not apply in this example because the width of the electrical equipment is not known. This section of the Code applies only to equipment that is rated 1,200A or greater, and more than 6 feet in width.
Answer: C
Section 110.26(C)(3) of the 2008 NEC has been revised. The revision does not require panic hardware on the personnel door(s) if the door(s) are located 25 feet or more from the nearest edge of electrical equipment rated 1,200A or greater. Equipment width is not an issue in this section.
Owen is the owner and president of National Code Seminars and the holder of master electrician certifications in 46 states. He can be reached at [email protected].


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Home > News & Events > Wayland Press Release Archives > 2005 News Releases > September 2005 > Hall promoted to Vice President for Academic and Graduate Studies
Hall promoted to Vice President for Academic and Graduate Studies
PLAINVIEW – Wayland Baptist University graduate and longtime employee Dr. Bobby Hall was named Vice President for Academic and Graduate Studies for the university on Thursday, with his duties to begin Sept. 12.Hall, who presently serves as assistant executive vice president and director of the institutional research and effectiveness program at Wayland, replaces Dr. Glenn Saul, who is stepping down to return to the classroom. Saul came to the vice presidency from the position as dean for Wayland's Phoenix campus and previously the Sierra Vista, Ariz., campus. He plans to return to Phoenix as professor of religion.
In his new role, Hall will be overseeing academic programs across the Wayland system as well as continuing the institutional research and effectiveness work he has previously done. With an extensive background in accreditation issues and as the university's liaison with Southern Association of Colleges and Schools, Hall will continue to be involved in preparing the university for the reaffirmation visit scheduled for 2008.
"We had a great group of applicants, and Dr. Hall was chosen because of his varied background and experiences throughout the Wayland system," said Dr. Bill Hardage, executive vice president and a member of the search committee. "He has worked at every level of the institution. He has a strong knowledge of the accreditation process and a clear vision for where the institution needs to go in the next 10 years."
Hardage called Hall "a welcome addition to the administrative team," a feeling expressed by other leaders as well.
"It is genuinely a pleasure to welcome Dr. Bobby Hall to the senior administrative team at Wayland. His history at the school, his professional skills and expertise as well as his obvious love for the university make him a wonderful choice for the vice president's position," said Dr. Paul Armes, WBU president. "While we will miss Dr. Glenn Saul as he moves to Arizona, I believe the future is bright for our academic program under Dr. Hall's capable leadership."
Hall first came to Wayland in 1982, working as the Sports Information Director and overseeing the photography lab. Over the years, his jobs have included PR director, and executive director over PR, alumni services and other functions. Since the mid-1980s, Hall has also been a faculty member in the Division of Business and he still holds the rank of associate professor of business administration. He founded the Office of Institutional Research and Effectiveness in 1994 and shared that role with teaching responsibilities until beginning his new role when the spring semester began in January.
Hall and wife Laurie, who owns Laurie's Custom Framing in Lockney, have two children: Alexis, a senior at Lockney High School, and Lucas, a freshman.


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The Canadian Federation of Earth Sciences recently issued a statement on creationism, beginning, "Canadian media report growing public pressure to introduce Creationism and its equivalent Intelligent Design (ID) in school curricula, hinting that Creationism/ID is a 'theory', thus suggesting that it shares common ground with science-based t
The director of education for the Royal Society of London, Michael Reiss, resigned from his position on September 16, 2008, in the wake of a controversy occasioned by his recent remarks on creationism.
Writing in the September 2008 issue of the United Church Observer, Drew Halfnight discusses the public understanding of evolution in Canada.
Two articles in the August 2008 issue of ASBMB Today react to recent creationist initiatives. ASBMB's president, Gregory A. Petsko of Brandeis University, pulls no punches in his column, beginning, "They're at it again. Armed with another new idea from the Discovery Institute, that bastion of ignorance, right-wing political ideology, and pseudo-scientific claptrap, the creationist movement has mounted yet another assault on science.
National Center for Science Education, Inc.
1904 Franklin Street, Suite 600
Oakland, CA 94612
fax: 510-788-7971
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The curtain is rising on a new Chrysler. Just a week after inking a global strategic alliance with Italy's Fiat Group, Chrysler Group LLC has announced it will resume volume production.
Seven of its North American assembly plants will start up again the week of June 29th. As part of a phased production ramp-up, these plants are scheduled to resume production at the end of the month:
Sterling Heights Assembly Plant (Sterling Heights, MI) – Chrysler Sebring and Dodge Avenger
Warren Truck Assembly Plant (Warren, MI) – Dodge Ram and Dodge Dakota
St. Louis North Assembly Plant (Fenton, MO) – Dodge Ram
Toledo Supplier Park (Toledo, OH) – Jeep Wrangler and Jeep Wrangler Unlimited
Brampton Assembly Plant (Brampton, Ontario, Canada) – Chrysler 300, Dodge Charger and Challenger
Windsor Assembly Plant (Windsor, ON) – Chrysler Town & Country and Dodge Grand Caravan
Toluca Assembly Plant (Toluca, MX) – Dodge Journey and Chrysler PT Cruiser
In addition, Chrysler Group's Powertrain and Stamping facilities, which supply these plants, will also be operating. And the Conner Avenue Assembly Plant-- which builds the Dodge Viper sports car-- resumed production earlier this week. The OEM noted that all Chrysler Group plants will be closed for a previously announced summer break the weeks of July 13 and 20. Chryler said the re-start of production at other assembly plants will be announced at a later date.
How can anyone not love a company that builds a car like this?
This is certainly a positive development for Chrysler and Detroit in general as well as for North American consumers and business owners aching to hear word that something, anything is getting back to something looking even just a little bit like normal. And, to be sure, it's good news for anyone who hauls auto freight.
So welcome back Chrysler, Jeep and Dodge (especially its truck operation!) and a hearty grazie to Fiat for riding to the rescue.
Now it's up to the new Fiat-Chrysler managment team to make the beleaugured automaker a vigorous and profitable contender in the highy competitive and global marketplace for cars and trucks.


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Meta-Analysis for Public Management and Policy
Meta-Analysis for Public Management and Policy
ISBN: 978-1-118-19013-5 January 2013 Jossey-Bass 592 Pages
In Stock
Praise for Meta-Analysis for Public Management and Policy
"In his usual rigorous but readable style, Evan Ringquist and co-author Mary Anderson have produced a tour-de-force on the topic of meta-analysis in public policy and management research. Meta-analysis is badly needed in the all-too-common situation when researchers have low confidence in summarizing the overall results of dozens of studies on the effectiveness of some policy. This book has a nice combination of conceptual overview, methodological details, and applications that will make it possible for researchers to conduct their own meta-analysis. It is tempting to require all graduate students to write a meta-analysis as a chapter in their dissertation, or include meta-analysis as a standard offering in the research methods curriculum of social science graduate programs. The more people that adopt Ringquist and Anderson's approach, the less resources will be wasted on conducting studies that do not contribute to cumulative scientific knowledge. "
—Mark Lubell
Department of Environmental Science and Policy
Director, Center for Environmental Policy and Behavior University of California-Davis
"Ringquist and his colleagues deliver value and add to canon of public management methods by delivering an analytical framework that makes the case for systematic research using the tools of meta-analysis. This book will be a must read for all committed to strengthening evidence-based research that improves public policy and management decision making."
—David M. Van Slyke
The Maxwell School of Citizenship and Public Affairs Syracuse University
"In Meta-Analysis for Public Management and Policy Evan Ringquist and his colleagues provide a lucid and practical roadmap for policy and public management scholars who use meta-analysis in their research. But this is more than a "how to" volume; it provides background on why meta-analysis is a potent means for accumulating and synthesizing empirical research findings, and shows how its use has evolved in recent decades. Specific applications of meta-analysis to long-standing policy and management debates are given, essentially providing an array of developed "templates" through which scholars and practitioners can assess how to approach different kinds of analytical problems using meta-analysis. Particularly valuable to me is the careful development and presentation of the necessary stages of meta-analysis, from conceptualization through data coding and bias assessment to advanced modeling. All of the statistical analyses can be conducted in Stata, utilizing readily available ".ado" modules. I will use this book, both in research and in the classroom. Overall it is one of the most useful methodological contributions I've seen in some time."
—Hank Jenkins-Smith
Department of Political Science Director, Center for Applied Social Research University of Oklahoma
"Meta-Analysis for Public Management and Policy conveys the considerable untapped potential of meta-analysis to strengthen and advance bodies of knowledge and evidence in public management and policy. This book takes students and researchers deep into the methods of meta-analysis and details of their empirical application, without losing sight of the important policy questions and the implications of choices that researchers make in their empirical work for the production of evidence for public managers and policymakers. This book will serve as an excellent practical guide for those conducting their first meta-analysis, while at the same time supporting critically-focused consumption of existing meta-analyses and discussion of where the field can gainfully take this approach to enhance our research and knowledge bases. It draws in a range of valuable and important examples of applications of meta-analysis techniques throughout the book and rounds off with four full-fledged applications of the method. Although the book reaches out to an audience of public management and policy researchers and consumers of this research, it should be of interest to a broad range of applied social science researchers and students as well."
—Carolyn Heinrich
Sid Richardson Professor of Public Affairs Director, Center for Health and Social Policy LBJ School of Public Affairs University of Texas – Austin
"Even for incredibly specialized techniques, public management and policy scholars have a multiplicity of methods texts from which to choose. Yet it is truly surprising that a strong guide to applied meta-analysis — a rigorous framework for the organization of empirical findings — has not been available. Ringquist and Anderson provided just that with an accessible guide to sophisticated techniques. Marrying an instructive text to a set of exemplary standalone studies, Meta-Analysis for Public Management and Policy offers unparalleled guidance for instructors and students and more than a little wisdom for seasoned scholars. It is destined to become the standard reference for our field."
—Anthony Michael Bertelli
CC Crawford Chair in Management and Performance USC Price School of Public Policy USC Gould School of Law University of Southern California
"This comprehensive treatment of meta-analysis is an excellent guide for scholars and students in public management and public policy. The carefully done exposition demonstrates why meta-analysis should have greater use in the profession."
—Kenneth J. Meier
Charles H. Gregory Chair in Liberal Arts Department of Political Science Texas A&M University
"This remarkable book reviews the history of the use of meta-analysis in the social sciences, argues forcefully for its importance, value, and relevance for public managers, and provides one-stop-shopping for those who want to learn how to do it or understand how others have done it. The detailed coverage of each step in the process allows a student to learn the technique completely while fully understanding the logic and intellectual goals of the enterprise. Most importantly, the authors review techniques from a range of disciplines, drawing most of their positive suggestions from the field of medical statistics rather than the social sciences. The examples and applications, on the other hand, stem from the world of government and public policy. Four chapters provide new syntheses of research on individual policies using the techniques and practices introduced in the earlier chapters. The result is original research, a strong argument for the value of meta-analysis in a field (political science and public administration) that uses it little, and a complete tool-kit for those who would want to apply these powerful ideas on their own. A very impressive and useful text."
—Frank R. Baumgartner
Richard J. Richardson Distinguished Professor Department of Political Science University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
"Meta-analysis is a valuable tool for accumulating knowledge about how management matters from across a range of policy areas and disciplines. It is also an underused tool, in large part because of the lack of a comprehensive and useable guide on the topic. Ringquist remedies this problem by offering clear instruction on how to apply the technique wisely, as well as highly useful empirical demonstrations. The field of public management needs this excellent book."
—Donald Moynihan Professor of Public Affairs University of Wisconsin-Madison
"Professors and students frequently face decisions about how deeply to invest in a statistical procedure, a new technology, a new theory, or some other development in their discipline. The authors of Meta-Analysis for Public Management and Policy support such a decision about meta-analysis by making a convincing case for its value and increasing utilization, including such steps as a careful consideration of criticisms of the method. Evan Ringquist then provides clearly, engagingly written chapters on the major concepts, procedures, and issues in the techniques of meta-analysis. His coauthors then provide effectively-presented examples of meta-analytic studies about such topics as school voucher effectiveness, public service motivation and performance, and public sector performance management. The accessible and reader-friendly explanations, coupled with the illustrative examples that walk the reader through how to do it, make this a distinctively effective methodological text. In so doing, it offers a distinctively valuable resource for those of us who want to learn more about this important statistical method."
—Hal Rainey
Alumni Foundation Distinguished Professor Department of Public Administration and Policy University of Georgia
"James Heckman's Nobel lecture described the combined influence of micro surveys, advances in computers and software, and the development and dissemination of multivariate statistical methods on applied economic research. His comments apply equally well to empirical research throughout the social sciences. These forces have created a "flood of numbers" and advances in technology since he wrote about them have assured that the process is accelerating. We need to transform the ways we learn from empirical analyses and create a science for the analysis of the secondary data from applied statistical and econometric models. This science would include methods for summarizing what has been learned from estimates and tests. It would provide methods for diagnostic screening of results to gauge the importance of modeling assumptions and the types of primary data for the findings being reported. Finally, it may well lead to the development of meta-models—integrating findings intended to describe a single system but viewed thru distinctive empirical lenses. Meta-analysis is a method that takes an important step in developing this science. It is a collection of methods that is a product of the transformation in applied research in the past half century. Initially much of this research was the domain of social scientists working on the evaluation of educational interventions. In these applications the primary data from different studies were routinely available, but the outcome and control variables differed across studies. As a result, the focus for these meta-analyses was on data combination with multiple, distinctive measures for asset of latent variables associated with the hypothesized underlying process. The texts describing meta-analysis focused on these situations. As applications of meta-analysis expanded to economics, political science, and sociology, the data structures changed. The new data came from empirical models –as estimated parameters or summaries of test results. The challenges posed in developing these types of data and understanding what they reveal were distinctly different. A text developed by scholars who appreciate how these types of summaries are different was missing until Ringquist and Anderson's Meta Analysis for Public Management and Policy. Explaining a process that blends the best of qualitative and quantitative research is a challenge. This book has met this challenge and delivered researchers a great platform for teaching these methods to their students and for updating their own skills.
At least four features distinguish this book:
1. The authors display a clear understanding of the strengths and the weaknesses of meta- analysis. Their treatment describes how care in data construction, variable coding, relevant statistical methods and, especially, careful attention to interpreting the findings from a meta-analysis can reinforce the strengths and mitigate the weaknesses.
2. There are real examples presented throughout the book along with a genuine understanding of the importance of the details in developing meta-analyses.
3. The coverage of relevant statistical methods is comprehensive and clear. And
4. The Appendices offer the detail researchers need to see in order to genuinely learn how to use meta analytic methods.
It should be in the library of every serious teacher or practitioner"—V. Kerry Smith Regents Professor and W.P. Carey Professor Department of Economics Arizona State University
"There are several texts for meta-analysis available, most notably "The Handbook of Research Synthesis and Meta-Analysis" by Cooper, Hedges and Valentine, but none specifically directed to public administration and policy scholars. In fact the points of emphasis and examples make the existing texts both difficult and poorly suited for the applied social sciences. Ringquist's book is a spectacular success in filling this lacuna.
Ringquist provides a clearer encapsulation of "the basics" in its opening section, and the "basics" are tailored to "problem-oriented" policy sciences (noting for instance, that meta-analyses in public management and policy will almost always use random-effects over fixed-effects). The empirical examples woven throughout as well as the actual analyses on PSM and school vouchers are exceptionally useful in identifying the stages of the process. At the same time, the book doesn't spare the gritty details of confronting commonly required procedures, like bootstrapping and dealing with clustered robust SE, hierarchical modeling, etc. For readers with no exposure to meta-analysis, the text eases the transition by offering a refresher on how statistical techniques are used in original research, then how they differ when used in meta-analysis.
Ringquist offers guidelines for syntheses, formulating problems, data evaluation, turning studies into data, techniques in meta-analysis, "the language of meta-analysis", coding strategies and publication bias. The author also notes that the context and even techniques of meta-analysis are different for public management and public policy compared with medicine and psychology, and education. Public administration and policy analysis provide great opportunities for meta-analysis, but these fields also present considerable challenge. Great care is needed in synthesizing differently designed studies, which are observational and quasi-experimental or correlational designs, because the statistics of meta-analysis were originally developed to synthesize results from experiment design. Measurement issues are tricky because authentic scales are used less frequently than in psychology or medical research. In addition PA and policy as fields of scholarship are diverse and eclectic in research design which makes comparison of parameter estimates exceedingly difficult. Ringquist adroitly
compiles an approach to meta-analysis adapted to reflect this context.
While Section 1 consists of seven chapters, which discusses techniques of meta-analysis, Section 2 including Chapters 8, 9, 10 and 11 illustrates actual studies using meta-analysis conducted in public management and policy research: evaluating the effectiveness of educational vouchers, performance management in public sector, the effects of federal poverty deconcentration efforts on economic self-sufficiency and problematic behaviors, and the relationship between public service motivation and performance.
The book is an easier read than other texts in it guides from project inception through lit review and analysis in a manner tailored to policy and management, and it actually provides a much more accessible and thorough coverage of many of the basic building blocks, random effects, r-based effect sizes, and bootstrapping, making it far more indispensable for any PA meta-analysis. The check-lists for coding articles are especially useful. Provision of Stata commands and practical data management suggestions (creating a command file for data set transformations, for instance) is a great advantage for this text. Adding an addendum with R programming options, in the next edition might be helpful too. The conclusion both compelling and concise but I would like to have seen some of the arguments presented here at the beginning of the book, reserving the conclusion for a fuller encapsulation of what the overall strategy of the book accomplishes in stages – rebutting criticisms that meta-analysis in social science is a waste of time because study estimates are non-comparable and effect sizes non-independent with careful examination of research design and models.
This book is essential reading for any scholar in public administration and policy considering undertaking meta-analysis. I expect it will gain many readers in other social science disciplines as well. For serious users of meta-analysis Ringquist's book will not be the only one on the shelf, but it is a valuable addition."
—Richard Feiock
Augustus B. Turnbull Professor Askew School of Public Administration and Policy Florida State University
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Figures, Tables, and Exhibit ix
Preface xv
The Authors xxi
Introducing: Meta-Analysis for Public Management and Policy 1
Evan J. Ringquist and Mary R. Anderson
Introducing Meta-Analysis 4
The Institutionalization of Meta-Analysis 5
A Role for Meta-Analysis in Public Management and Policy 9
Meta-Analysis: Understanding the Basics 17
Adapting Meta-Analysis for Public Management and Policy 31
Conclusion 34
1 Conceptualizing Research and Gathering Studies 39
Evan J. Ringquist
Conceptualizing a Meta-Analysis 40
Conducting a Literature Search in Meta-Analysis 50
Conclusion 66
2 Turning Studies into Data 68
Evan J. Ringquist
What to Code 70
The Process of Coding 85
Conclusion 97
3 Calculating and Combining Effect Sizes 102
Evan J. Ringquist
Calculating Effect Sizes 103
Fixed Effects and Random Effects Meta-Analysis 118
Combining Effect Sizes 124
Conclusion 137
4 Meta-Regression Analysis 141
Evan J. Ringquist
Historical Development of Meta-Regression 142
Designing a Meta-Regression 144
Fixed Effects Meta-Regression 151
Random Effects Meta-Regression 171
Conclusion 189
5 Advanced Meta-Regression for Public Management and Policy 191
Evan J. Ringquist
Clustered Robust Estimation in Meta-Regression 193
Alternatives for Addressing Dependence in Meta-Regression 207
Conclusion 229
6 Publication Bias 231
Evan J. Ringquist
Sources and Consequences of Publication Bias 232
Identifying Publication Bias 238
Remedying and Preventing Publication Bias 253
Conclusion 266
7 Meta-Analysis in Economics 268
Evan J. Ringquist
The FAT-MST-PET-MRA Approach to Meta-Regression 269
Assessing the FAT as a Test for Publication Bias 272
Identifying "True" Effects Using the MST 291
Estimating the Magnitude of "True" Effects Using the PET 292
Conclusion 307
8 Evaluating the Effectiveness of Educational Vouchers 311
Mary R. Anderson, Tatyana Guzman and Evan J. Ringquist
School Choice and Educational Vouchers 312
The Effectiveness of Educational Vouchers 318
Designing a Meta-Analysis of Voucher Effects 324
Searching the Literature 331
Data Analysis: Synthesis 335
Meta-Regression Analysis 339
Conclusion 348
Studies Coded for Meta-Analysis 349
9 Performance Management in the Public Sector 352
Ed Gerrish and Po-Ju Wu
Origin of Performance Management 354
Performance Management in the Literature 359
Literature Search 368
Data Analysis: Synthesis 372
Meta-Analytic Regression Analysis 379
Conclusion 390
Studies Coded for Meta-Analysis 393
Addendum: Stratified Meta-Regression of Compstat and Compstat-Like Programs 394
10 The Effects of Federal Poverty Deconcentration Efforts on Economic Self-Sufficiency and Problematic Behaviors 398
Joe Bolinger and Lanlan Xu
History of Poverty Deconcentration Programs in the United States 399
Theoretical Foundations of Poverty Deconcentration Policies 402
Impacts of Poverty Deconcentration Policies on Individual Economic and Behavioral Life Outcomes 408
Literature Search 413
Analysis 416
Meta-Regression Analysis 426
Conclusion 436
Studies Coded for Meta-Analysis 439
11 The Relationship Between Public Service Motivation and Performance 442
David C. Warren and Li-Ting Chen
The Importance of a Possible PSM-Performance Relationship 443
Theoretical Foundations of the PSM-Performance Relationship 444
Framing the Meta-Analysis of the PSM-Performance Relationship 447
Data Analysis 455
Meta-Regression Analysis 462
Conclusion 468
Studies Coded for Meta-Analysis 473
Conclusion: Meta-Analysis and the Future of Research in Public Management and Policy 475
Mary R. Anderson and Evan J. Ringquist
Why Meta-Analysis? 478
Why Meta-Analysis Now? 480
Meta-Analysis for Public Management and Policy: An Adaptation 481
A World of Possibilities: The Future of Meta-Analysis in Public Management and Policy 484
Appendix: Coding Sheets 487
A1: School Vouchers 488
A2: Performance Management 494
A3: Public Housing 502
A4: Public Service Motivation 508
References 514
Name Index 543
Subject Index 549


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HARTSVILLE, S.C. – The Coker men's lacrosse team suffered an 18-10 loss to the Florida Tech Panthers on Monday (Feb. 17) in men's collegiate lacrosse action.
John Bretton scored a career-high four goals to lead Coker, while Ryan Maurer registered a team-high five points on two goals and three assists. Rounding out the offense for the Navy and Yellow was Timothy Smith with two goals and an assist, Mike Martiello with a goal and two assists and Shane Wilson with one goal.
Leading Coker defensively was John Elliott and Tim Ryan. Elliott caused five turnovers and scooped up seven ground balls, while Ryan made 13 saves between the pipes.
The Panthers would waste little time taking control of the contest as they scored the game's first five goals. The Cobras would use two unanswered goals by Bretton and Wilson to bring them within three with 3:42 left in the first period. Both teams would trade goals to close the period with Florida Tech holding a 6-3 advantage. The second period would be dominated by the Cobras, who gave up only two goals while netting four scores of their own in the period. The stellar defensive performance would send Coker into the break trailing 8-7.
Florida Tech's offense would prove to be too much for the Cobras in the third period, as they utilized their second five-goal run of the game to open up a six-goal lead over Coker. A Bretton goal would make it 13-8, but the Panthers would tag on another goal to make it 14-8 heading into the fourth period. The final period would produce only two goals for the Navy and Yellow, while the Panthers would add four more tallies to secure an 18-10 win.
The Cobras will take a break become hitting the field again on February 26th when they host the Bulldogs of Wingate University. The game is scheduled for a 3:30 p.m. start at Byerly Park.
McDonald's Player of the Game – John Bretton
Release written by Coker sports information graduate assistant Sharod Williams '13.


text:
WARSAW, Ky. - After some anxious moments early Friday morning in Gallatin County, an overturned, partially-submerged houseboat on the Ohio River turned out to be abandoned.
The first calls about a floating, partially-submerged houseboat went out between around 2:30 a.m., bringing out the Gallatin County Sheriff's Office and Warsaw police.
They called the Boone County Water Rescue unit, the Kentucky Fish and Wildlife Resource Department and the U.S. Coast Guard to help find any people who may have been inside or around the partially submerged 20 to 25 foot-long houseboat.
It was only later, when they got close enough to see the boat, that they determined it was abandoned, apparently looking like it had been in the water for some time. The search for people was called off around 5 a.m.
The Coast Guard and Gallatin County Dispatch says it's possible the houseboat may have been moored somewhere upstream, broke from its moorings and started floating downstream towards the Belterra Casino and the Markland Dam.
Read more at http://www.kypost.com/dpp/news/region_northern_kentucky/partially-submerged-houseboat-determined-to-be-abandoned1277465635929
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All Ella wants is to play a little football, an American birthright if you're a boy but still a bit of a privilege if you're not.
She just turned 13, a good age for almost anything, but especially for running around in the fresh air of fall, trying to snatch the flag off an opposing player's hip. Given their druthers, how many kids today would just as soon spend all afternoon with a video game, as their waists grow prematurely thick?
Not Ella Wood. Ella would rather play a cover 2 than a PlayStation 3.
This past fall, she played for the Sequoyah School in Pasadena, a private, progressive little place that's been around for more than 50 years. Not exactly a football factory, Sequoyah. Better known as a place where children, K-8, develop a strong sense of self.
"It's kind of a hippie school," Ella says with a smile.
So, when Sequoyah's players showed up for Foothill Sports League games, with their ragtag uniforms and a girl at linebacker, the other junior high teams didn't exactly tremble with fear.


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dtemplet on Family Tree Circles
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Journals and Posts
Templeton family tree
There were a lot of William Templeton's born in Ayrshire around 1828. I think my William was born 29 June 1928, son of John Templeton and Janet Lermont. He moved to Keighley, Yorkshire, I presume for work as a weaver. Anyone able to shed further light on this family?
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The stuff tastes positively vile. Rank even. The aftertaste is so reminiscent of having thrown up in your own mouth that you are quite likely to do just that.
Refrigerating this 'chocolate' does little to stave off the nausea brought on by smelling and tasting this uniquely American candy. If you're unlucky enough to try it for the first time at room temperature, or worse, out of a warm trouser/pant pocket, you'll be in for a real treat. Not.
There is a good reason why Hershey's chocolate has this distinct aroma and flavor, they use soured milk (instead of buttermilk or cocoa butter) and have done for decades, all the way back to the Second World War. That's right, soured milk. How many people do you know love to chug-a-lug on a lumpy, cheesy carton of soured milk? None that I know of, but many Americans and devotees in many other parts of the world lap this stuff up by the million.
Chocolate + Sour Milk = Fail?
Love it or hate it, there's no denying that Hershey's Milk Chocolate has a 'unique' smell and flavor. Tell us what you think about this American classic!
Here's a good link for starters. Lots of people have posted on this page with similar views regarding Hershey's traditional milk chocolate. http://www.cybercandy.co.uk/aaasmt/index.php/url_indprod?ltrev=72&xlc=77


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Aides to House Speaker John Boehner refused to provide details about his face-to-face meeting with President Barack Obama Sunday morning about the fiscal cliff. NBC's Mike Viqueira reports.
By Associated Press
WASHINGTON -- President Barack Obama and House Speaker John Boehner met Sunday at the White House to discuss the ongoing negotiations over the impending fiscal cliff, the first meeting between just the two leaders since they both won re-election.
Spokesmen for both Obama and Boehner said they agreed to not release details of the conversation, but emphasized that the lines of communication remain open.
The meeting comes as the White House and Congress try to break an impasse over finding a way to stop a combination of automatic tax increases and spending cuts scheduled to kick in at the beginning of next year.
Obama met in November with Boehner, as well as Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid and House Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi. The president spoke by telephone with Reid and in person with Pelosi on Friday. The president is traveling to Redford, Mich., on Monday to promote his agenda in a speech to workers at an engine factory; auto workers helped Obama win Michigan in last month's election.
As cliff looms, both sides position on entitlements
Obama has been pushing higher tax rates on the wealthiest Americans as one way to reduce the deficit -- a position Boehner and other House Republicans have been steadfastly against. Republicans are demanding steeper cuts in costly government entitlement programs like Medicare and Social Security.
One GOP senator said Sunday that Senate Republicans would probably agree to higher tax rates on the wealthiest Americans if it meant getting a chance to overhaul entitlement programs.
The comments by Bob Corker of Tennessee -- a fiscal conservative who has been gaining stature in the Senate as a pragmatic deal broker -- puts new pressure on Boehner and other Republican leaders to rethink their long-held assertion that even the very rich shouldn't see their rates go up next year. GOP leaders have argued that the revenue gained by hiking the top two tax rates would be trivial to the deficit, and that any tax hike hurts job creation.
CNBC's John Harwood says it has become clear that Republicans will give ground on tax hikes for the wealthiest Americans, but the question remains what Obama will give them in return.
But Corker said insisting on that red line — especially since Obama won re-election after campaigning on raising tax rates on the wealthy --- might not be wise.
"There is a growing group of folks looking at this and realizing that we don't have a lot of cards as it relates to the tax issue before year end," Corker told "Fox News Sunday."
If Republicans agree to Obama's plan to increase rates on the top 2 percent of Americans, Corker added, "the focus then shifts to entitlements and maybe it puts us in a place where we actually can do something that really saves the nation."
Senate filibuster challenged in court
Besides getting tax hikes through the Republican-dominated House, Corker's proposal faces another hurdle: Democrats haven't been receptive to GOP proposals on the entitlement programs. Senate Democratic Whip Dick Durbin, D-Ill., on Sunday was skeptical about proposals to increase the eligibility age for Medicare from 65 to 67. He said he doesn't see Congress addressing the complicated issue of Medicare overhaul in the three weeks remaining before the end of the year.
"I just don't think we can do it in a matter of days here before the end of the year," Durbin said. "We need to address that in a thoughtful way through the committee structure after the first of the year."
Assistant Majority Leader of the Senate Dick Durbin says the Democrats, President Obama are working hard to avoid going off the fiscal cliff.
And hard-line fiscal conservatives in the House are holding fast to their position.
"No Republican wants to vote for a rate tax increase," said Rep. Jeb Hensarling, R-Texas, chairman of the House Republican Conference.
Added Rep. Marsha Blackburn, R-Tenn.: "I'm not sure there is support for the rate hikes. There is support for revenue by cleaning up the code."
Still, at least one House Republican has said there is another way. Rep. Tom Cole, of Oklahoma, has said Obama and Boehner should agree not to raise tax rates on the majority of Americans and negotiate the rates for top earners later. Cole said Sunday that most House Republicans would vote for that approach because it doesn't include a rate hike.
"You know, it's not waving a white flag to recognize political reality," Cole said.
© 2012 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.
Obama, Boehner meet to discuss fiscal cliff
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MSC and its logistics subsidiary MEDLOG are looking forward to meeting customers at the Global Cherry Summit 2018, a new trade show taking place on 25 April at Centro de Conferencias Monticello, San Francisco de Mostazal, Santiago - Chile.
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ST. AUGUSTINE, Fla.—The Barry Buccaneers overcame an own goal early in the second half to defeat the Flagler Saints 2-1 in women's soccer action at Saints Field on Sunday.
After a scoreless first half, the Saints (2-2-0) caught a break just over a minute into the second period. After a free kick, the Bucs scored an own goal while trying to head the ball out of danger.
The Bucs (4-0-0) got the equalizer in the 64th minute. Sara Karna lofted a cross into the box. The Saints were unable to clear and eventually Dominique Richardson was able to gain control and slip and shot past keeper Casey Merson.
Just over two minutes later, Lauren Manna had the ball just inside the top of the box and was taken down from behind, setting up a penalty kick. Merson, however, was equal to the task and blocked the shot by Lavinia Nkomo.
Finally, in the 74th minute, Chelsea Stoeckigt sent a ball into the middle of the box and Natalie Diaz's shot to the top right corner beat Merson for the game-winner.
The Bucs, who held an 18-13 edge in shots, were in control for most of the game. Merson made seven saves, including the penalty, and was helped out by her defense which also swept a ball off the line. Becca Rogers stopped all four shots that the Saints put on target to improve to 4-0 on the season.
The Bucs face off against the Tampa Spartans on Wednesday, Sept. 18 at 4:30 pm at Buccaneer Field. The game, part of the plus-4 schedule in the Sunshine State Conference, will not count in the conference standings.
Soccer Game Summary (Final)
2013 Barry University Soccer
Barry vs Flagler (09/15/13 at St. Augustine, Fla.)
Barry (4-0-0) vs. Flagler (2-2-0)
Date: 09/15/13 Attendance: 57
Weather: 86: cloudy; 70% humid; feels likke 95
Goals by period 1 2 Tot
Barry........................ 0 2 - 2
Flagler..................... 0 1 - 1
1. 46:07 FLG OWN GOAL (unassisted) - own goal, ball headed off defender
2. 63:38 BARRY-W Dominique Richardson (1) (unassisted) - cross in, off Flagler defender, chipped in
3. 73:41 BARRY-W Natalie Diaz (2) (Chelsea Stoeckigt) - Lofted pass to middle box shot in top-right corner of goal
Shots: Barry 18, Flagler 13
Saves: Barry 4 (Becca Rogers 4), Flagler 8 (Casey Merson 7; TEAM 1)


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The Oxford Companion to English Literature
Margaret Drabble
Oxford University Press, 1998 - Literary Criticism - 1154 pages
Since Sir Paul Harvey's original Oxford Companion to English Literature was published in 1932, it has established itself as the standard source of reference for general readers, as well as an indispensable guide for students and specialists, on all aspects of English literature and English literary culture.
In 1985, under the editorship of Margaret Drabble, with a team of distinguished contributors, the text was completely revised while retaining the essential characteristics of Sir Paul Harvey's much-loved volume. Since then, the Companion has continued to respond to the needs of contemporary readers, with a revision, published in 1995, containing sixty new entries on emerging contemporary voices. This new revision continues in this tradition, adding 16 survey articles on important literary concepts to reassert the position of the Companion as the most complete and readable reference guide to English literary culture currently available. No comparable volume offers such extensive coverage of the classical roots of English literature, and of European authors and works that have influenced the development of English literature. Its wide range of articles cover not only authors and their works, but also fictional characters, plot summaries, composers and artists, literary and artistic movements, historians, philosophers, scholars, as well as editors, publishing history, literary societies, newspapers and periodicals, critical terms and theory.
With new articles on such topics as British Black Literature, Post-Colonial Literature, Spy Fiction, Structuralism, Fantasy Fiction, Children's Literature, Ghost Stories, Historical Fiction, and much more, this revised edition offers the most comprehensive and up-to-date coverage available of the fascinating and multifarious world of English literature.
What people are saying - Write a review
LibraryThing ReviewUser Review - soniaandree - LibraryThing
Classic reference book for any literature buff and first year undergraduates, this dictionary won't leave you indifferent: themes, literary movements and biographies are explained clearly and ... Read full review
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Marvellous Drabble - students of literature, this is your degree! Read full review
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Common terms and phrases
19th cent admired adventures appeared ballad became biography blank verse born British brother Byron Cambridge character in Dickens's Charles Chaucer classical clude collection College comedy critical D. H. Lawrence daugh daughter death described Dr Johnson drama duke E. M. Forster early edited educated England English essays Faerie Queene famous father fiction French G. B. Shaw Greek Henry ical influence Italian James John Johnson king knight Lady later Latin letters lished literary literature lives London Lord marriage married Middle English moral narrative notably novel novelist original Oxford period philosophical play poems poet poetry political popular printed prose published Queen romance satire Scott's Scottish Shakespeare's short stories songs Spenser's successful T. S. Eliot Tale Theatre Thomas tion tragedy trans translated Trinity College verse vols volumes wife William writer written wrote young