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Filioque is a Latin word meaning "and the Son" which was interpolated into the Nicene-Constantinopolitan Creed by the Church of Rome in the 11th century, one of the major factors leading to the Great Schism between East and West. This inclusion in the Creedal article regarding the Holy Spirit thus states that the Spirit "proceeds from the Father and the Son."
The interpolation of the Filioque into the Creed is seen by Eastern Orthodox a violation of the canons of the Third Ecumenical Council in 431, which forbade and anathematized any additions to the Creed, a prohibition which was reiterated at the Eighth Ecumenical Council in 879-880. The Eastern Orthodox, however, make no protest against the Latin interpolation "Deum de Deo" ("God from God") into the text of the Creed. The Filioque, like the phrase "Deum de Deo," was not included by neither the Council of Nicea, nor Constantinople. The term itself has been interpreted in both an orthodox fashion and wrongly in a heterodox fashion. It is read as saying that the Spirit proceeds from the Father through (dia) the Son; this was the position of St Maximus the Confessor. In this reading, the Son is not an eternal cause (aition) of the Spirit. The heterodox reading, which is not held by the Latin Church, sees the Son, along with the Father, as an eternal cause of the Spirit. Most in the Eastern Orthodox Churches consider this latter reading to be heresy.
The description of the filioque as a heresy was iterated most clearly and definitively by the Father, St. Photius, in his On the Mystagogy of the Holy Spirit. Ignoring the orthodox interpretation held by the West, he describes it as a heresy of Triadology, striking at the very heart of what the Church believes about God.
- 1 History
- 2 The Filioque as heresy
- 3 External links
Early use of the Filioque
It is useful to note that a regional council in Persia in 410 introduced one of the earliest forms of the filioque in the Creed; the council specified that the Spirit proceeds from the Father "and from the Son." Coming from the rich theology of early East Syrian Christianity, this expression in this context is authentically Eastern. Therefore, the filioque cannot be attacked as a solely Western innovation, nor as something created by the Pope.
In the West, St. Augustine of Hippo taught that the Spirit came from the Father and the Son, though subordinate to neither. His theology was dominant in the West until the Middle Ages. Other Latin fathers also spoke of the Spirit proceeding from both the Father and the Son. While familiar in the West, this way of speaking was virtually unknown in the Greek-speaking, Byzantine Empire.
Although the Second Ecumenical Council in 381 had expanded and completed the Nicene Creed begun at the First Ecumenical Council, the Third Ecumenical Council (Ephesus, 431) had forbidden any further changes to the theology of the Creed, except for by another Ecumenical Council. By this time, then, the theology of the Nicene Creed had acquired a certain definitive authority, of ecumenical value and importance. Rome received the Fourth Ecumenical Council, which referred to preceding councils, citing the authority of the theology of the Creed.
The filioque was first used in Toledo, Spain in 587 without the consultation or agreement of the five patriarchs of the Church at that time and in direct violation of canons of the Third Ecumenical Council that prohibited unilateral alteration of the Creed by anything short of another Ecumenical Council. The purpose of its addition in Spain was to counter a heresy that was local to that region, probably some form of Arianism brought there from the East by the Goths (who had been missionized by the Arian bishop Wulfila). The practice spread then to France where it was repudiated at the Gentilly Council in 767.
After generations of social upheaval, strong leadership appeared in the person of Pepin the Short, king of the Franks, and his son, Charlemagne, crowned as emperor in 800. Charlemagne intended to restore the Roman Empire in the West, with himself in charge, to the chagrin of the leaders of the Byzantine Empire. Charlemagne called for a council at Aix-la-Chapelle in 809 at which Pope Leo III forbade the use of the filioque clause and ordered that the original version of the Nicene-Constantinopolitan Creed be engraved on silver tablets displayed at St. Peter's Basilica in Rome. Despite this action, the filioque came into wide use in the West and became an integral part of the Creed, while Rome, renowned for its conservatism, resisted. Meanwhile, from c. 726 to 843, the Byzantine Empire, under the thumb of successive emperors, was dominated by the heresy of iconoclasm.
The "Photian" Schism
Within a couple of generations, in 858, a new situation came to pass. The Byzantine Emperor Michael III removed Ignatius I as patriarch of Constantinople. The emperor replaced him with a layman, St. Photius the Great, who was the first Imperial Secretary and Imperial Ambassador to Baghdad. However, Ignatius refused to bow to secular authority. Michael and Photius invited Pope Nicholas I of Rome to send legates to preside over a synod in Constantinople to settle the matter. With the council, the legates confirmed the patriarchate of Photius.
In opposition to this removal of Ignatius, the bishop of Rome supported Ignatius as legitimate patriarch. Moreover, violating existing canons, Photius had been ordained to the office of bishop very quickly. Some scholarship suggests that violation of these canons was the main reason the bishop of Rome rejected the appointment of Photius.
After the arrival of an embassy from Ignatius, in 862, Nicholas said that Photius was deposed, as well as the bishop who ordained him and all the clergy Photius had appointed. The sheer temerity of this action did not even generate a response from Constantinople. However, several years later in 867, Photius finally rejected the Pope's assertion, particularly because of the activities of Latin missionaries in Bulgaria, who were, as Photius claimed, turning the Christians there away from the faith and leading them into heresy. Photius' response cited the filioque as proof that Rome had a habit of overstepping its proper limits.
In 867 and 869-70, synods in Rome and Constantinople (the Robber Council of 869-870) restored Ignatius to his position as patriarch and deposed Photius. In 877, after the death of Ignatius, Photius again resumed office, by order of the emperor. In 879-880, he was officially restored to his see. He was deposed in 886 when Leo VI took over as emperor. Photius spent the rest of his life as a monk in exile in Armenia; he is revered by the Eastern Orthodox today as a saint, one of the great Pillars of Orthodoxy. He was the first important theologian to accuse Rome of heresy in the matter of the filioque, although it was an accusation based on a false reading of the Latin understanding.
Rome capitulates to Filioquist pressure
In the ninth century, Pope Leo III of Rome agreed with the filioque phrase theologically but was opposed to adopting it in Rome. In fact, Leo had the traditional text of the Creed, without the filioque, displayed publicly, having the original text engraved on two silver tablets, at the tomb of St. Peter. In any case, during the time of Pope Leo's leadership, 795-816, there was no Creed at all in the Roman Mass.
Later, in 1014, the German Emperor Henry II of the Holy Roman Empire visited Rome for his coronation and found that the Creed was not used during the Mass. At his request, the bishop of Rome added the Creed, as it was known in the West with the filioque, after the Gospel. This was the first time the Creed in the Mass at Rome.
Thus, over nearly six centuries, dispute over the filioque had not divided the Church definitively; for the most part, in spite of cultural and linguistic conflicts, the Eastern and Western Churches remained in full communion.
In 1054, however, the argument contributed to the Great Schism of the East and West, and the West went so far as to accuse the East of heresy for not accepting the theology of the filioque. There were many other issues involved, in large part based on misunderstandings between Greek and Latin traditions. In addition to the actual difference in wording and doctrine in the filioque, a related issue was the right of the Pope to make a change in the Nicene-Constantinopolitan Creed on his own for exclusive use in the Roman liturgy, apart from an Ecumenical Council.
Attempted reunions and the Filioque after the Schism
In the thirteenth century, St. Thomas Aquinas was one of the dominant Scholastic theologians. He dealt explicitly with the processions of the divine Persons in his Summa Theologica. While the theology of Aquinas and other Scholastics was dominant in the Western Middle Ages, for all its apparent clarity and brilliance, it remains theology, not official Roman Catholic Church teaching.
In 1274, the Second Council of Lyons said that the Holy Spirit proceeds from the Father and the Son, in accord with the filioque in the contemporary Latin version of the Nicene Creed. Reconciliation with the East, through this council, did not last. Remembering the Crusaders' sack of Constantinople in 1204, Eastern Orthodox Christians did not want to be reconciled with the West in terms of capitulation to Latin Triadology and ecclesiology. In 1283, Patriarch John Beccus, who supported reconciliation with the Latin Church, was forced to abdicate; reunion failed.
The Crusaders in question were the Venetians of the Fourth Crusade, who had earlier been excommunicated for attacking other Christians. In 1204, they were getting avenging the slaughter of Venetian merchants, in rioting, that took place in 1182. Pope Innocent III had sent them a letter, asking them not to attack Constantinople; after hearing of the sack of the city, he lamented their action and disowned them. Nevertheless, the people of Constantinople had a deep hatred for the people they called the "Latins" or the "Franks," even though the sack of Constantinople was done against the will of the Pope.
For much of the 14th century, there were two bishops, each claiming to be Pope, each excommunicating the followers of the other. The Great Western Schism concluded with yet a third individual claiming to be Pope and the Council of Constance. The East could hardly seek reconciliation with a Western Church divided against itself. (In the middle of the century, about a third of Western Europe died of the Black Death with no help from the East.)
At the Council of Florence in 1439, Emperor John VIII Palaeologus, Patriarch Joseph of Constantinople, and other bishops from the East travelled to northern Italy in hope of reconciliation with the West. After extensive discussion in Ferrara, and then in Florence, they acknowledged that some Latin Fathers spoke of the procession of the Spirit differently from the Greek Fathers. Since the general consensus of the Fathers was held to be reliable, as a witness to common faith, the Western usage was held not to be a heresy and not a barrier to restoration of full communion. All the Eastern patriarchs and bishops, except Mark of Ephesus signed a decree of union between East and West, Laetentur Coeli in 1439.
Officially and publicly, the Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Churches were back in communion. However, the reconciliation achieved at Florence was soon destroyed. Numerous Eastern Orthodox faithful and bishops rejected the union even though it was decided by an ecumenical council. Moreover, after the Turks conquered Constantinople in 1453, they fostered separation from the West, which remained an adversary to Islamic political and military dominance.
Undeniably, the filioque controversy was at least officially resolved, for both Eastern Orthodox and Catholic Christians. However, because of the historical situation and because of the different ecclesiologies of the East and West, this resolution was neither fully received nor permanently sustained.
In December of 1452, a reunion liturgy was held at Hagia Sophia in Constantinople at which the Pope's name was commemorated and the filioque used in the Creed; some clergy and laity boycotted it. On the evening of May 28, 1453, however, another liturgy was held which also commemorated the Pope and used the filioque, which was not boycotted.
Recent discussions and statements
Dialogue on this and other subjects is continuing. The filioque clause was the main subject discussed at the 62nd meeting of the North American Orthodox-Catholic Theological Consultation, which met at Holy Cross Greek Orthodox School of Theology (Brookline, Massachusetts) from June 3 through June 5, 2002, for their spring session. As a result of these modern discussions, it has been suggested that the Orthodox could accept an "economic" filioque that states that the Holy Spirit, who originates in the Father alone, was sent to the Church "through the Son" (as the Paraclete), but this is not official Orthodox doctrine. It is what the Fathers call a theologoumenon, a theological opinion. (Similarly, the late Edward Kilmartin, S.J., proposed as a theologoumenon a "mission" of the Holy Spirit to the Church.)
Recently, an important, agreed statement has been made by the North American Orthodox-Catholic Theological Consultation, on October 25, 2003. This document The Filioque: A Church-Dividing Issue?, provides an extensive review of Scripture, history, and theology. Especially critical are the recommendations of this consultation, for example:
- That all involved in such dialogue expressly recognize the limitations of our ability to make definitive assertions about the inner life of God.
- That, in the future, because of the progress in mutual understanding that has come about in recent decades, Orthodox and Catholics refrain from labeling as heretical the traditions of the other side on the subject of the procession of the Holy Spirit.
- That Orthodox and Catholic theologians distinguish more clearly between the divinity and hypostatic identity of the Holy Spirit (which is a received dogma of our Churches) and the manner of the Spirit's origin, which still awaits full and final ecumenical resolution.
- That those engaged in dialogue on this issue distinguish, as far as possible, the theological issues of the origin of the Holy Spirit from the ecclesiological issues of primacy and doctrinal authority in the Church, even as we pursue both questions seriously, together.
- That the theological dialogue between our Churches also give careful consideration to the status of later councils held in both our Churches after those seven generally received as ecumenical.
- That the Catholic Church, as a consequence of the normative and irrevocable dogmatic value of the Creed of 381, use the original Greek text alone in making translations of that Creed for catechetical and liturgical use.
- That the Catholic Church, following a growing theological consensus, and in particular the statements made by Pope Paul VI, declare that the condemnation made at the Second Council of Lyons (1274) of those "who presume to deny that the Holy Spirit proceeds eternally from the Father and the Son" is no longer applicable.
In the judgment of the consultation, the question of the filioque is no longer a "Church-dividing" issue, one which would impede full reconciliation and full communion, once again. It still stands for the bishops and faithful of the Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Churches to review this work and to make whatever decisions would be appropriate.
The Filioque as heresy
There has never been a specific conciliar statement in the Eastern Orthodox Churches that defined the filioque as heresy. That being said, however, it has been regarded as heretical by multiple Orthodox saints, including Ss. Photius the Great, Mark of Ephesus, and Gregory Palamas (the three Pillars of Orthodoxy). At the Third Ecumenical Council and the "Photian" council of 879-880 (both of which Rome ratified), all changes to the theology of the Creed are anathematized. It was explicitly denounced as heretical by the non-ecumenical, 1848 Encyclical of the Eastern Patriarchs.
There are a number of reasons traditionally cited for the definition of the filioque as heretical, including the following:
Objections on doctrinal grounds
- It is contrary to Scripture, particularly in John 15:26: "But when the Helper comes, whom I shall send to you from the Father, the Spirit of truth who proceeds from the Father, He will testify of Me." Thus, Christ never describes the Holy Spirit as proceeding from himself, but only mentions the Spirit's procession in terms of the Father.
- The justifications for including the filioque in the Creed—bolstering the divinity of the Son and emphasizing the unity of the Trinity—are redundant, given the original wording of the Creed. That is, the Son already is described as "light of light, very God of very God," and so forth. The Spirit also "with the Father and Son together is worshiped and glorified." Additionally, the Creed itself begins with a statement of belief in "one God."
- Some misinterpret the filioque as distorting Triadology by making the Spirit a subordinate member of the Trinity. Traditional Triadology consists in the notion that for any given trait, it must be either common to all Persons of the Trinity or unique to one of them. Thus, Fatherhood is unique to the Father, while begottenness is unique to the Son, and procession unique to the Spirit. Godhood, however, is common to all, as is eternality, uncreatedness, and so forth. Positing that something can be shared by two Persons (i.e., being the source of the Spirit's procession) but not the other is to elevate those two Persons at the expense of the other. Thus, the balance of unity and diversity is destroyed. This interpretation does not, however, take into consideration the two kinds of procession believed by both Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Christians as expressed by St. Maximus the Confessor.
Objections on canonical and historical grounds
- Though not really a question of heresy, a common objection is to the means of interpolating the filioque into the Creed. That is, unlike the original adoption of the Creed at Nicea and its subsequent revision at Constantinople, the decision to interpolate the filioque into the Creed for use in the Latin Church was not done by an Ecumenical Council. Rather, it was initially inserted by the Third Synod of Toledo, Spain (589), to combat Arianism, which had arrived there from the East with the Goths.
- Rome resisted the inclusion of the filioque for centuries. Leo III, the Pope of Rome at the time the filioque began its history in Western theology, strongly advised against its inclusion, even though he agreed with the soundness and validity of the doctrine contained in filioque.
External links
- Wikipedia:Filioque External Links: an Online Bibliography
- Filioque Page, by Thomas Ross Valentine
- The Filioque in the Dublin Agreed Statement 1984, by Fr. John S. Romanides
- The Filioque, by Prof. Jaroslav Pelikan
- On the Question of the Filioque, by Fr. John Meyendorff
- One Single Source, by Metr. John Zizioulas
- The Filioque: A Reply to the Agreed Statement of the North American Orthodox-Catholic Theological Consultation, by Fr. Michael Azkoul
Categories > Church History
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Categories > Church History > Councils
Categories > Church History > Councils > Ecumenical Councils
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Categories > Theology > Heresies


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There is absolutely no incentive in the software industry to make your programs work well with others.
Why is it in Ancestry.com's interest to easily share all of the data fields in Family Tree Maker with MyHeritage.com's Family Tree Builder? Doesn't that whole concept ignore the marketing factor of unique features?He believes that Ancestry.com would lose customers if it were easy to export all of your data and import into a competing product. I disagree.
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Setup and Config
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Given one argument, reads which branch head the given symbolic
ref refers to and outputs its path, relative to the
directory. Typically you would give
HEAD as the <name>
argument to see on which branch your working tree is on.
Give two arguments, create or update a symbolic ref <name> to point at the given branch <ref>.
A symbolic ref is a regular file that stores a string that
begins with
ref: refs/. For example, your
.git/HEAD is
a regular file whose contents is
ref: refs/heads/master.
In the past,
.git/HEAD was a symbolic link pointing at
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Book Tour and Activities on the Go!
Muktihole offers a secluded and serene retreat if one wishes to get away from the hustle-bustle of city life and enjoy the splendour of the splash. Nestled in the forests of Western Ghats, this waterfall site provides an unforgettable experience. The water cascades in three stages, and the pond created by the falls is ideal for swimming. Near the falls is the ideal place for pitching camps. There are plenty of rocks in the area suitable for rock climbing adventure.
This enchanting waterfall is located in the midst of Kodagaddae forest, and a not so well-defined Trekking Trail leads to this destination. Initially, one has to trek uphill a mountain, and then trek down a steep hill to reach a valley on the other side. Walking along the valley for around 5 to 6 km will lead to Muktihole
Alternatively, the trek can also be started from Dodda mane side via Kodigadde, and also there is an uphill trekking route to Medini village.
Muktihole is located in the village of Hirebailu, nearly 15 km from Hadinabala.
Honnavar (25+ km)
470 km
Bangalore ' Honnavar ' Hirebailu ' Muktihole Falls
Overnight buses from Bangalore to Honnavar are available. Muktihole can be reached via two routes. The first route goes through Hirebailu and crosses Hadinbala, Gundabala and Kadehalla. The second route is from Kodigadde through Dodda mane. Hadinbala is on the Shimoga to Honnavar road while Dodda mane is on Shimoga to Kumta route.
A port town in Uttara Kannada district, Honnavar is known for its beaches. Its located nearly 200 km north of Mangalore city. There is a picturesque small town near Honnavar called Apsara konda. This place has a beautiful beach to relax and view the magnificent sunsets.
An important pilgrimage center for followers of Hindu religion, Gokarna is also a significant tourist spot in Karnataka. It is an important center of Sanskrit learning and houses Bhandikeri Math and Toggu Math. There are a number of beaches around this temple where the tourist can enjoy recreational activities.
Early September to early March
Walking stick
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Woolen clothes
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Medical kit
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An extra pair of clothes
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Trekking in India
Rather, the most sought after tourist destination is Pangong Tso in Ladakh region. It is the highest among the high altitude lakes in India which is filled with saline water but provides some awe-struck moments to the visitors with the unbelievable phenomenon of changing colours quite a number of times a day.
The reflections of the towering Himalayan peaks in the water add more charm to the lake. Currently, Pangong Tso is the favorite location for tourists as the banks of the lake give soothing bed to relax and the nearby places are enhanced by the beauty of this particular lake. The quiet lake is 134 km in length and 5 km in width is situated at an altitude of 14270 meters. But the major share of the lake lies in the area of China. Now, its recognition is spread everywhere in the world because it is termed as a wetland of international importance under the Ramsar Convention.
The highly saline water does not accommodate any water species not even micro-organisms. But the banks of the lake give space for several birds and animals very rarely seen in the other parts of India. It is an important breeding ground for many migratory birds as well.
Height: The lake is located at an altitude of 4250 meters above the sea level.
Location: Pangong Tso is easily accessible as it can be reached after a five hour drive from Leh and the travel would be on a rough and dramatic mountain road. You will cross the villages of Shey and Gya during the tour and go through Chang La as well.
Best time to visit: The months from May to September are the ideal time to visit the lake as the other seasons may cause challenges due to the heavy snowfall.
Something divine makes Nubra Valley close to heart and it is not an exaggeration but a fact that experienced and shared by the countless tourists visited the paradisiacal location in Jammu and Kashmir. Without touching the spectacular roads of Nubra Valley, a Ladakh tour will not be complete. The tri-armed valley has Diskit Village as its capital. Ldumra, a magnificent name is the original name of the valley as the local scholars insist. Ldumra means Valley of Flowers. The large valley is formed after the merging of Shyok River with Nubra or Siachen River causing the separation of the Ladakh and the Karakoram Ranges. The valley is located 10000 feet that is 3048 meters above mean sea level and those who cross the Khardung La Pass can easily come to Nubra Valley from Leh.
Except for the river beds, every other place in the valley shows scant vegetation and low precipitation levels. Most of the villages in the valley are occupied by Nubra skat speakers and in the villages, one can find lush greenery and farming which happen through the regular irrigation. Diskit is the place where native people are seen in abundance and Diskit Monastery is the centre of attraction as well. The Shyok River flowing on one side of Diskit has a captivating effect on the visitors. Nubra Valley unwinds a lot of surprising sights when you visit it and an unbelievable fact is that the valley was open to the public till Hunder until 2010. Beyond Hunder, it was the greener region in the lower altitude where the Turtuk village exists. Till 2010, the Government did not allow tourists to mesmerize themselves in the magnificent beauty of Turtuk where numerous apricot trees and other vegetation along with the tribal community were preserved as a virgin.
Height: 3048 meters above the sea level
Location: The paradisiacal Nubra Valley is located at a distance of 140 km from Leh and the main road access to the valley is through Khardung La pass where you have to show the photocopies of your travel permit to the soldiers camping.
Best time to visit: The months from June to September is the perfect period to visit Nubra Valley
To see the pure, rugged face of nature, One must visit Ladakh once in their lifetime.
Controversies regarding the proclamation that Khardung La is the highest motorable pass in the world is not yet diminished but Ladakh travelers still believe that it is the highest and most adventurous pass in the world. Despite the controversies, Khardung La keeps on attracting hundreds of adventure seekers every year, be it bikers, trekkers or visitors. Nestled amidst the most reverberating surrounding, the 'Pass of Lower Castle' is located at an altitude of 17582 feet. Near to the pass, the collection of awesome valleys will lure you and along with the natural extravaganzas, the Tibetan prayer flags are an additional charm.
The pass was constructed in the year of 1976 and later in 1988, it was opened to public and from then on, the pass was inviting uncountable bikers, trekkers and tourists. It is maintained by the Border roads Organization as the pass is highly significant and important to India because it was once used to carry supplies to the Siachen Glacier. Recently, Khardung La became the hot potato of the town with a happy news that a ten member team of visually impaired people is going to conquer the pass through cycling in 2017.
Height: Khardung La is located at an altitude of 5359 meters. But there is an incorrect proclamation on the signboards appear here saying that the height of the pass is 18379 feet.
Location: The highest motorable pass in Ladakh is lying about 39 kms away from Leh. By road, one can reach the pass. The first 24 kms of the road are paved and from there to the North Pullu check post, the 15 kms of the road are filled with loose rock, dirt and occasional rivulets formed after the melting of snow.
Best time to visit: The season between May to October is the best time to visit Khardung La.
It won't be exceeding at all how much you describe the beauty of Tso Moriri in Ladakh, a highly protected lake in Changthang Region and a significant portion of Tso Moriri Wetland Conservation Reserve. It is the largest of all high altitude lakes in India especially in Ladakh and is located at an altitude of 4522 meters above the sea level. The length comes to 26 km north to south and 3 to 5 km is the width and the water is wholly brackish.
The water to feed the lake comes from the springs and melted snow from the nearby mountains. There are two major stream systems to lead the water to the lake. One in the north part of the lake and the other comes in the southwest part. Huge, extensive marshes are seen at both the entrances of the lake. Rupshu Valley, a breathtaking area is the guardian of Tso Moriri along with an array of the lofty Himalayan Mountains in the surrounding.
The number of people come to witness the beauty of this splendid lake is lesser when compared to that of Pangong Lake. It is because of the secluded location of the lake. Hence, it is a favorite home town for many migratory birds. They come to breed here especially birds like great- crested grebe, the brown-headed gull and the Brahmin duck. The rare Himalayan hares are also abundantly seen near the lake. Thus, the declaration of the lake as a reserved area is a right option to protect these species from extinction. Less human interference would keep their lives strong.
Height: The lake is situated at an altitude of 4522 meters.
Location: You can reach Tso Moriri via road from Leh. It is 150 kms away from Leh Airport. Kalka Railway station is the nearest one to the lake. You will get buses and taxis from the station as well.
Best time to visit: May, June, July and August are the peak season when tourists come to Tso Moriri in large numbers and other months will be filled with snow and have extreme cold conditions.
The white dome of Shanti Stupa is clearly visible from a far distance when you are on a tour of Leh. Peace Pagoda got its name like that because of many reasons mainly the silence persists in and around the pagoda always. This Buddhist prayer center is the most beloved attraction in Jammu and Kashmir. At a height of 4267 meters, the two storied stupa stands holding its head high and overlooks the bustling Leh town. The uneven mountain terrains in the surrounding gives the pagoda a remarkable shining. It is at a location which is 5 km away from Leh town and one who visits the stupa has to climb five hundred steps. The exotic view of the Himalayan peaks turns the beauty of the stupa also, a peace lover would dedicate his life to have such overjoying moments.
The stupa was constructed by both Japanese and Ladakh Buddhists. The construction was started in 1983, many Buddhists and Indian Government officials have supervised the procedures throughout.
Structure of the stupa
Among the two structures of the pagoda, the first level depicts the central relief of Dharmachakra which has deer on each side and the turning wheel of Dharma also has a golden image of Buddha at the center. The second level displays images which show the birth of Budhha and the death as well. In addition, both the level have smaller images of Buddha meditating. The stupa came into existence in order to spread the word of peace and harmony among people and it came into establishment as a commemoration of the valuable 2500 years of Buddhism.
Location: Any one can reach the stupa via road from Leh, only 5 kms from the town, a walk of fifteen minutes would require.
Timings: 05:00 am to 09:00 pm
Highlights: The sunset and sunrise views from the stupa are inevitably beautiful
Magnetic Hill is still a mystery yet a famed attraction that pulls the adventure lovers on a large scale toward it. A mystifying phenomenon which stunts the science and fiction together and exists as a magic to the normal people visiting here. Magnetic Hill is a trump card of every Ladakh tour because of the awe-struck moments it would promise the travelers. There is a sign board placed which says that the hill defies gravity completely and inviting everyone to experience the magical phenomenon.
If you keep your vehicle in neutral at a position marked on the road and wait, you will be surprised to see the vehicle starts moving uphill at 10-20 km per hour. And this is the unexplainable feature of Magnetic Hill that confuses the world of science. It is located on Leh-Kargil-Baltic Highway and on the east, the beautiful Sindhu River is flowing calmly. Near the hill there is a Sikh Gurudwara maintained by the Indian Army. Due to the natural attraction as well as the human architectural brilliance, the hill has gained popularity in a short term.
Not just the vehicles hitting the road but the aircrafts and helicopters crossing the radius which Magnetic Hill comes in would feel the same magnetic effect. If the aircrafts are going on a slow pace, then it starts jerking while they are in the circumference of the hill. So the only solution to escape from the clutches of this phenomenon is that the crafts should move at a greater speed.
Height: Magnetic Hill is located at an elevation of 14000 feet above the sea level.
Location: To reach the hill, you can hit the Leh-Kargil-Baltic National Highway and it is situated at a distance of just 30 kms from Leh town.
Best time to visit: The best time to visit the Magnetic Hill is from June to October.
Being one of the topnotch attractions in Andaman is the sublime Havelock Island brimming with silky beaches and exuberant greenery. A lot of tourist locations, resorts, hotels, attractions and much more are creating the perfect background to Havelock Island to host as many tourists as possible. This is the largest of all the islands in Andaman and comprises of a lot of small islands. The administration in Havelock promotes eco-tourism on a large scale.
The lighthouse established in 2005 at the northern part of the island gives additional recognition for the island. The accommodation options on Havelock will let you be surprised. Ranging from high-end, luxurious resorts to camps with basic amenities, the stay arrangements done by the administrative people here are unbelievable.
Highlights: The long stretches of different types of beaches are the main highlight to be pointed out. Declared the best beaches in the world, almost all of them are blissfully located on Havelock Island, connected to closely to the main boat jetty on the island.
Elephant Beach, Radhanagar Beach, Vijaynagar Beach, Kalapathar Beach which are known in numbers also are proclaimed to have the highest number of tourists every year as there are many beautiful hotels in Andaman, to provide the ultimate relaxation in holidays. The green fringed shorelines, the clear sea water, the colourful marine animals, the long coral reefs, the wild fauna and flora bring forth the astounding picture of Havelock incomparably beautiful.
Activities: Snorkeling and diving are the favourite activities done on the islands though other major water based activities like boating and kayaking are frequently done.
Distance from Port Blair: Havelock Island is lying 42 kms northeast of the capital city, Port Blair. There are regular boat services by the Directorate of Shipping Services which connect Phoenix Bay jetty in Port Blair to Havelock daily.
As the name suggests, Chidiya Tapu is the perfect haven for unseen migratory birds and common native birds found in the Andaman Islands. Recognized as the most enchanting beach in Andaman and tourists arrive here on a large scale as the beach extends the best ever sights for them including the eye catching sunrise and sunset views. This is a silent yet crowded beach encircled by evergreen forests on one side and the short hills on the other side.
As it is considered to be the presenter of the most finishing touch of sunset and sunrise views, it is the main hub in Andaman Islands. The beach is filled with 46 varieties of endangered species of birds, and white spotted deer. There are a lot of seasonal orchids and other varieties of plants.
Highlights: The major attractions of Chidiya Tapu are the Chidiya Tapu Biological Park, the Sylvan Sands, the Munda Pahar Beaches etc. You will be able to stay at a forest guesthouse located nearby atop a hillock and from there, the panoramic view of Chidiya Tapu in detail.
Activities: Apart from sunset and sunrise views, plenty of people come for an Andaman and Nicobar trip to see this beach, to identify the rare species appear in multiple colours and size. Even though many of the birds are commonly found on the beach, you would find it as a unique and unnatural scene to find the colourful gathering of them. Boating is an attractive activity done here as well as snorkeling and swimming are also a part of the adventure activities usually experienced by those who visit here.
Distance from Port Blair: It is located about 25 kms from Port Blair.
A tiny island located to the south of Andaman is Neil Island, brimming with less explore marine diversity, coral reefs, long beaches and bewitching greenery. Being one of the tourist destinations in Andaman, Neil is so happy to become the host with revealing all what it has. A romantically silent island unlike the hustle of Havelock Island, Neil Island is termed as the vegetable bowl of Andaman. A perfect place to simply relax and chill is the beaches here and the deserted shores are favourite to those who love to relax in utmost peace.
In two hours, one can explore the island by walking around. It got the name Neil after the British Brigadier General James Neill who stubbornly dealt with the rebels during the 1857 Mutiny. The rich cultivation of paddy is found in Neil Island that belongs to the Ritchies' Arhcipelago between Havelock Island and Rose Island. One should add this Island to their itinerary if they planning a trip to Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
Highlights: One of the major highlights of Neil Island is Neil Kendra, a beautiful curving bay full of white sand and holding the major jetty of the island made attracting by disarraying numerous colourful wooden fishing boats. Known to be the heart of the island, Neil Kendra has Bharatpur Beach on its left and Laxmanpur Beach on the right. The richest collection of marine lives and coral reefs have given Neil Island the peculiarity of being one of the most thrilling scuba diving sites on the island. In addition to diving, Neil Island is home to those who love snorkeling, swimming, birding, cycling etc.
Activities: Glass bottom ride and snorkelling are the major activities available on Neil Island though there are enough opportunities to do diving and other prime adventure activities.
Distance from Port Blair: The island belongs to the South Andaman district is located about 36 km northeast from Port Blair.
Radhanagar Beach in Andaman has ranked 8th among the top ten beautiful beaches in the world based on travellers reviews and rating available on multiple sources and Radhanagar Beach deserves it for many reasons. One of the most ravishing beauty in Andaman with a lot of tourists visiting it every year, Radhanagar Beach is the gem of Havelock Island. 500 meters away from the beach, one can see only the expansive blue water and the lush green tropical forests but when you reach the beach, the sights are apparently awe-inspiring.
Radhanagar is commonly called as Beach No.7 and this is one of the closest beach located near to Havelock Island ferry tier. The silky beach is kids friendly as well so that families are found in plenty on the beach to spend their vacation or a short holiday. There is nothing to be worried as the coast guards are roaming around always and the number of people here will be a pleasant sight to see. Andaman honeymoon packages itinerary always includes Havelock Island.
Activities: Snorkeling, swimming, scuba diving, boating, parasailing etc are some of the most commonly seen activities on the beach and among them Scuba Diving is the best as it offers the clear interaction with the wide range of marine animals and coral reefs around living in harmony.
The turquoise water gives a rejuvenating experience while you swim across or do snorkelling and since the number of tourists are relatively higher, the Government opens more opportunities for them to spend an ample time on the beach. As it is a superb place adventure lovers also would covet, the fame it has achieved international importance in no time. You must book a Andaman tour including snorkelling, to make your holiday much more special.
Distance from Port Blair: From Port Blair it will take more than three hours to reach Radhanagar Beach as it is located about 72 kms away from the capital city.
One of the aboriginal tribes of Andaman lives in Baratang Island, a highly blessed region with years-old wilderness. Earlier, the tribes did not let outside people to enter their community but presently, Baratang Island is a vibrant tourist destination as people love to spend time amidst the huge forests, limestone caves, mangrove ranges and the mud volcanoes.
Baratang is a part of the Great Andaman Chain with an area of 243 sq.kilometers and that marks it as the main island of the group. Middle Andaman is lying to the north and South Andaman in the south of Baratang Island. And it belongs to Rangat Taluk.
Highlights: The active mud volcanoes are the highlights of Baratang Island along with the abundant mangrove forests and evergreen rainforests and the limestone caves located beyond the forests. So adventure lovers find Baratang as a wise choice to indulge in mind blowing trekking and nature walk. Among the multiple number of mud volcanoes, jalki, as the locals call it, is the famous one.
Activity: Nature walk through the wild forests and the extensive mangrove forests is one of the prime activities done on Baratang Island. Boating, trekking, hiking etc are some of the other, identified activities available on the island. For a comforting stay after a day full of activities, you must check the resorts in Andaman.
Distance from Port Blair: The island is located about 150 kms north of Port Blair and one can reach the island by ferry services only.
Settled on the sands of Havelock Island, Elephant Beach is a reveling beauty well presented by the long coral reefs and the shining shoreline. A peaceful beach with pure serenity and silent ambience will offer the visitors a soothing melody and that would be the perfect time to relax, to walk around with your love or just to do sunbathing.
Among the different beach on Havelock Island, Elephant Beach has a special significance because of its friendly atmosphere and not so crowded shoreline. In addition to the adventurous activities such as snorkeling and scuba diving, tourists find time to do boating and similar activities on the beach.
The clear water, the calm waves, the cool breeze and the magnificent sights on the shore have their own impacts on the number of people visiting the beach. You must check other islands of Andaman consisting of great beaches and make your tour marvellous by visiting them.
Highlights: The long array of private boats, fishing boats and buoys extend a riveting beauty to the beach. Moreover, it is a kid friendly beach as well so that families are found here aplenty. The huge shoreline is the key factor behind the countless visitors appear on the beach every day.
During monsoon also, tourists would love to come to Elephant Beach. People have reported that at times, the wild elephants from the nearby forests come to the beach and stroll along the white sandy bed.
Activities: An ideal place for snorkeling and scuba diving is Elephant Beach though boating and other fun, water based activities are also done by the visitors often. Tourists have experienced the best sea walking as well on Elephant Beach.
Distance from Port Blair: Elephant Beach is located on the famous Havelock Island. It is lying about 69 kms away from the capital city of Andaman, Port Blair. One can reach the beach via boat from Havelock jetty after reaching there from Port Blair by road or by boat.
A marvelous town in the north part of Andaman Islands is Diglipur, an amicable tiny town with a lot of good people around. For eco- friendly tourists, this town is an inevitable choice. Though the marine life is the prominent feature of this town but the cultivation of orange and rice has enormous importance in the economy of Diglipur.
Highlights: Lamiya Bay Beach is a highlight of the town, it is located a few kilometers away from Kalipur Beach. The beach is lying in the foothills of Saddle peak, the highest one in Andaman. Around 20 kms from Diglipur is the green Shyamnagar covered by thick jungles and why Shyamnagar is a priority for tourists is because of the presence of mud volcanoes here. Kalipur Beach and Ramangar Beach are the other famous beaches at Diglipur and they are famous for turtle nesting. Moreover, visitors are quite eager to visit Alfred Caves as well where a huge collections of limestone structures are found.
Activities: Since there are plenty of beaches, caves, greenery etc, Diglipur offers the visitors a huge number of activities ranging from refreshing trekking through the jungles to the water based activities like island hopping, snorkeling, boating, fishing etc. Near to Diglipur there are famous spots to do multiple activities.
Distance from Port Blair: Lying 290 kms away from Port Blair, the small town of Diglipur that can be connected by boat from both Port Blair and Mayabunder. The boat services from Port Blair are available twice a week. But one can reach the town by road via ATR from Port Blair.
Known as Beach No.5 is Vijaynagar Beach in the north east part of Havelock Island. Very remote from the crowded locations on Havelock Island, Vijaynagar Beach is close to heart for those who love to spend time in utmost calmness. The regular touch of the sapphire blue water on the pearl like sandy beach makes no noise and it is one of the reasons why tourists chosen it as the perfect space for romantic couples and families. Don't forget to check the resorts for couples in Andaman.
The beauty of the beach has been praised so much by those who visited it. It is always better to come here freely, just to roam around, or to float on the shallow water, or to read under the large shade given by the huge trees on the shore or to do sunbathing. The collection of Mahua trees and palms is the significant ornament making the beach a splendid place to sit back and relax as much as time one wants to. This is one of the magnificent attractions in Andaman.
Highlights: A photographer's paradise is Vijaynagar Beach; especially the sunrise views from the beach is incomparably magnificent. When the sun's fresh rays spread all over the wide sea, the entire atmosphere starts blushing in all possible colours and there is no better sight from the beach would satiate a photographic mind. The native birds appear during the fresh mornings add effective colours to the sunrise pictures.
Activity: The beach is recognized for relaxed swimming and sunbathing. Adventure activities are not yet a fashion on this inevitable part of Havelock Island.
Distance from Port Blair: Vijaynagar Beach is located at a distance of about 38 kms from Port Blair but from Havelock jetty the beach is lying 9 kms away only.
For some years, adventure seekers all around the world have been talking about Chadar Trek in the Zanskar Region. Until this year, hundreds of people have experienced the thrill hidden and the mind blowing sights around Chadar frozen river. In fact, Chadar Trek is the most sought after and one of the breathtaking treks in the Himalayas. The winter trek is so special for those who are ready to have adventure at the maximum level.
The river trek starts from Chilling where the river begins to freeze and mostly, travelers choose February as the best time to cross the frozen river as the ice sheets will be comparatively stable. The precarious snow-flakes would pose severe threats during the trek but in some other time, the challenges would be kind to the trekker. The surrounding of the river are completely vertical cliffs tall up to 600 meters. The Zanskar River is a tributary of the Indus and is 5 meters long.
A trekker would have to cover 16 kms per day to complete the Chadar Trek. Usually, people opt for 10-15 days of trek depending on the climatic conditions persisting here. The temperature at Chadar will come to the lowest at -35 degree Celsius during winter and thus Chadar Trek becomes more intimidating. Approximate trekking distance one would have to cover in total is 75 kms.
Maximum altitude: 11123 feet is the height at which Chadar Trek would lead you to.
Location: To take part in Chadar Trek, one should arrive in Leh and from Leh, the journey starts and goes to Chilling, the beginning of the Zanskar River in the frozen state. From Leh it would take about 65-70 kms to reach Tilad via Chilling, the base camp of the trek.
Best time to visit: January end to February is the best time suitable for trekking in the frozen river of Chadar. Quality and safe trekking gears and highly warm clothes are required.
The biggest monastery in the North India is Hemis Monastery, one of the must visit attractions in Ladakh region. Set on the foothills of Indus, Hemis Monastery has 200 branches and over 1000 monks are staying there. It belongs to the red sect Brokpa of Buddhist order. Here the young Lamas are trained for the royal monasteries at Leh, Shey and Basgo.
Hemis Gompa came into existence 17th century and it was built by Chapgon Gyalshas and from then on the gompa was getting the royal patronage of Ladakh till now. But there is a saying that the monastery was founded by the first incarnation of Stangsang Raspa Nawang Gyatso. After the missing of the head Lama in 1956, a young 12 year old boy from Dalhousie in Himachal Pradesh has been recognized as the head Lama of the gompa.
Structure of the monastery
The biggest monastery in the region has a surprising architecture and the building is quite appreciable. There are a lot of big statues and stupas decorated with stones and also the splendid collection of thankas. The collection of thankas is believed to be the largest and it would be shown to the public once in 11 years.
Location: Hemis Village is located 43 km south of Leh town and it is very easy to reach the monastery by bus or jeep.
Timing: 08:00 am to 01:00 pm and 02:00 pm to 06:00 pm
Entry fee: INR 100
Highlight: Hemis Festival is the prime attraction at the monastery which celebrates the birth anniversary of Guru Rinpoche. The tenth day of the Tibetan lunar month every 12th year is the date of festival.
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Swapping the financial market for the fashion sphere, Fernanda Maia launched beachwear brand Brigitte in 2006 and has since gained a multitude of admirers. Maia's affection for her birthplace in Sao Paulo and her current home in London contributes to the paradoxical lightness injected into the brand's identity.


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Who Won American Idol?
May 16, 2013 10:27 PM EDT
It took a mere 127 minutes Thursday night for Fox to crown the winner of the 12th season of American Idol. So who took home the title, Kree Harrison or Candice Glover? Keep reading to find out. Even Kree and Candice seemed to snicker at the bombast o… Read more


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ARLINGTON – One of the neatest results of Texas A&M freshman quarterback Johnny Manziel winning the Heisman is his budding relationship with a fellow fraternity member in Aggieland.
"Such a cool guy," Manziel said of John David Crow, who earned A&M's first Heisman in 1957. "I didn't really know much about him before all the Heisman talk started to swirl. I knew he had won it, because I'd see his trophy every day (in the Bright Building) when I'd walk by it."
Manziel first met Crow during an Express-News photo shoot between the two at Kyle Field, in the days leading up to the Dec. 8 Heisman ceremony in New York. Since then, Crow and Manziel were able to spend plenty of quality time together in the Big Apple.
"To have that relationship that we had throughout the week in New York … and he and my dad also hit it off like crazy," Manziel said. "Our relationship has really grown, and what a cool guy to get to know and be in a fraternity with."
Manziel will wrap up his Heisman-winning season tonight at 7 against Oklahoma in the Cotton Bowl. Meanwhile Crow and Billy Sims, the 1978 Heisman winner from Oklahoma, will be on hand today outside Cowboys Stadium to sign autographs from 4-5 p.m. Crow will meet fans in the LG Trophy Tent on the East plaza, and Sims will greet folks in the LG Trophy Tent on the West Plaza.
Doors open to both plazas at 3 p.m., with kickoff between the 10-2 Aggies and 10-2 Sooners set for 7 p.m. Also, according to a Cotton Bowl release, "Fans also will have the opportunity to get their picture taken with the Heisman Memorial Trophy, which will be on prominent display at the LG/AT&T Huddle Up."
twitter: @brentzwerneman


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John Besh left high school in 1986 and entered the Marines. Military service was part of his family's culture. Besh's father had been a fighter pilot.
"I wanted to be as good as he was," Besh said. "To be honest, I wanted to be better than him. He was in the Air Force, so I wanted to be in the Marines."
Besh started as a "mortar man." He became a forward observer, calling in coordinates for air strikes. His platoon was responsible for liberating the Kuwait International Airport in Desert Storm.
There was one thing that Besh, now one of New Orleans most celebrated chefs, managed to avoid in the Marines: mess duty.
"I would stand guard duty at midnight," he said, "just so I wouldn't have to spend any time in the kitchen."
It's not that Besh didn't want to cook. Ever since he met Paul Prudhomme as a boy, he planned to be a chef. But he worried that time in a poorly run kitchen, and he was pretty sure that's what he would find in the mess hall, would teach him bad habits.
Years later, Besh operates some of New Orleans' most prominent restaurants, including August, Domenica and La Provence. He sees now, like other local vets who cook, bake bread or brew beer, that his military training created the foundation for his current success.
For Besh, combat gave him a perspective on every challenge he faced later in life.
"Seeing somebody that you know very well die puts everything in the kitchen into such perspective," he said. "The things that overwhelmed the chefs that I worked for, they were prima donnas. I thought, how sad. If they had been in combat, they would have handled that better."
Besh, though, had to adjust his leadership style to the civilian world.
"They're not all Marines," he said. "I had to ease up and tame some of my expectations."
Kirk Coco, president and founder of NOLA Brewing, also came out of the military with leadership skills that he uses to run his brewery. Coco was a surface warfare officer in the Navy from 1996 to 2007.
"In the military, you get leadership training everyday," he said. "In the corporate world, it takes years and years to learn those skills. In the military, you learn quick or you die."
Coco also had to learn, though, to relax his standards for the world outside the Navy.
"I'm making beer," he said. "If I make a mistake, we might lose money. But three people aren't going to their deaths. It's a little more relaxed atmosphere."
Sean O'Mahony opened the bakery Breads on Oak in 2012 after a post-military career as a financial consultant in Washington, D.C. His time in the Marines, he said, gave him confidence to take on the challenge of opening a new business.
"It's a mindset that it's all about the mission," he said. "It has to get done. Those are the expectations of everything I did throughout my career after the Marine Corps."
Because of his military experience, O'Mahony believes he puts higher demands on his employees. And he thinks his employees discover they can do more than they realized.
"I would love to bring in more vets. They understand the mindset that it's not about them, it's about the mission," O'Mahony said. "For someone who hasn't been in the service, it might come across as being abrupt."
His current lead baker, Oscar Williams, served in the National Guard.
Justin Ferguson, who oversees the menu at the Roosevelt Hotel's recently reopened Fountain Lounge, wasn't sure where his life was headed when he graduated from high school. After 9/11, he felt a call to serve his country, so he joined the Army.
"Being deployed was the best decision I made," he said. "I got off the plane in Kuwait, knew I was going to Iraq and realized that I had to grow up."
He didn't return to the United States for three years. Much of that time he was in Europe. It was there, when he was off duty and eating, that he realized that he wanted to be a chef.
When he left the Army in 2005 and returned to civilian life, the transition wasn't easy. Many of his friends from the military ended up reenlisting. The similarities between life in a kitchen and life in the Army, however, helped Ferguson focus on becoming a chef as he attended culinary school by day and worked at night.
"A kitchen is run with a rank structure very similar to the military," he said. "And it's always going. Here at the hotel it's 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. It never stops."
When Alex del Castillo left the Navy in 2001, he gravitated to the structure of the corporate world. At one point, however, he realized that he could strike out on his own. That's when he launched the Taceaux Loceaux food truck with his wife Maribeth.
"It was a big transformation for me to be outside a structure put there by someone else," he said. "It's scary but was also empowering and cathartic. I'm going to maybe not shave everyday and try something that is completely different."
His time in service did give him practical skills for operating a food truck. In the Navy, he was an engineer, making sure his ship kept moving.
"Running a truck and keeping that going," he said, "those are a lot of similar skills."
Veterans in New Orleans restaurant kitchens
John Besh
Marine Corps: 1986–92
Final rank: Sergeant
Owns eight restaurants in New Orleans: Restaurant August, Luke, Borgne, Besh Steak, Domenica, La Provence as well as The American Sector and the Soda Shop at the National World War II Museum. See Chefjohnbesh.com or visit NOLA.com/dining-guide for more information.
Kirk Coco
Navy: 1996–2007
Final rank: Lieutenant
Founded NOLA Brewing Co. in 2008
Sean O'Mahony
Marine Corps: 1988–92
Final rank: Captain
Owns the bakery Breads on Oak (8640 Oak St.)
Justin Ferguson
Army: 2001–05
Final rank: Sergeant
Chef de cuisine for Roosevelt Hotel (123 Baronne St.)
Alex del Castillo
Navy: 1988–2001
Final rank: Lieutenant Commander
Operates with his wife Maribeth the food truck Taceaux Loceaux
Got a tip? Know some restaurant news? Email Todd A. Price at email@example.com or call 504.826.3445. Follow him on Twitter (@TPrice504) or Facebook (ToddAPriceEatsDrinks).


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Snow, a police officer, examines those cults that commit crimes, from murder and fraud to kidnapping and sexual assault. He shows how to identify cults, how to protect yourself and your family and what to do if a loved one becomes entangled with such a group.Snow, Robert L. is the author of 'Deadly Cults The Crimes of True Believers' with ISBN 9780275980528 and ISBN 0275980529.[read more]
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Posts tagged 'robert burns'
Out of Town: Robert Burn's Night: Jan. 25 2014 @ Ali Barbour's Cave Restaurant
Date: January 25, 2014
Venue: Ali Barbour's Cave Restaurant – Mombasa
Time: from 7 pm
Kshs 3,000 by Reservations – 0714 456 131 ǀ email@example.com
Out of Town: Burns Night, Jan. 25 2013 @ Ali Barbour's Cave Restaurant – Mombasa
25th of January brings us the incredible occasion to host a unique event at Flamboyant! It is the Day of Robert Burns and we will have the night dedicated to the great Scottish poet.
We will stick firmly to the Scottish tradition when on Rabbie Burns day people in Scotland cite the touching poems of the Ploughman Poet, play the bagpipes, drink some good whiskey and share the Haggis.
The event will be marked with the special participation of a talented Bagpiper.
Those of you, who are Scottish, feel Scottish or just like to share a night of poetry, good whiskey and great food, are more than welcome to join the bash!
It is Ksh 3000/= per person including a 4 course Traditional Scottish Dinner & Wine.
Any volunteer of you who would like to cite a favourite Robert Burns poem will be highly encouraged to do so!
We have come up with a great Flying package for the occasion that Nairobi friends can join us for the occasion.
For reservation/queries: +254 733 411 110 or email@example.com