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World's 2nd deadliest poison, in an aquarium store near you
In 2007, a man from Woodbridge, Virginia was rushed into hospital after inhaling an aerosolised version of one of the deadliest poisons on the planet. He was not the victim of a terrorist attack. He wasn't working in a biohazard laboratory. He was trying to clean out his fish tank.
The man, who posts on the Reef Central Forums as Steveoutlaw, was trying to get rid of a colony of zoanthids – a relative of corals and sea anemones – that was infesting his aquarium rocks. He had heard that boiling water would do the trick. When he tried it, he accidentally inhaled some of the steam.
Twenty minutes later, his nose was running and he had a cough. Four hours later, his breathing was laboured and he was headed to the emergency room. By the time he arrived, he was suffering from severe coughing fits and chest pains. He was stabilised, but he developed asthma and a persistent cough, and had to use steroids and an inhaler for at least two months.
The reason for his sudden illness was palytoxin, a speciality of zoanthids, and the second deadliest poison in the natural world. One gram of the stuff will kill more than a hundred million mice. This poison, liberated by the boiling water, had risen into Steveoutlaw's airways in a cloud of steam.
Palytoxin is shrouded in legend. Hawaiian islanders tell of a cursed village in Maui, whose members defied a shark god that had been eating their fellow villagers. They dismembered and burned the god, before scattering his ashes in a tide pool near the town of Hana. Shortly after, a mysterious type of seaweed started growing in the pool. It became known as "limu-make-o-Hana" (deadly seaweed of Hana). If smeared on a spear's point, it could instantly kill its victims.
The shark god may have been an elaborate fiction, but in 1961, Philip Helfrich and John Shupe actually found the legendary pool. Within it, they discovered a new species of zoanthid called Palythoa toxica. The limu-make-o-Hana was real, but it wasn't seaweed – it was a type of colonial anemone. In 1971, Richard Moore and Paul Scheuer isolated the chemical responsible for the zoanthid's lethal powers – palytoxin. Now, Jonathan Deeds from the US Food and Drug Administration has found that the poison is readily available in aquarium stores.
Deeds was investigating a case of palytoxin poisoning when he heard about Steveoutlaw's unfortunate incident. He visited the man, collected a sample of the offending zoanthid, and found that it was indeed heavy with palytoxin. It wasn't hard to get his hands on more. Deeds bought 15 more colonies from three aquarium stores in the Washington DC area, of the same species that gave Steveoutlaw his whiff of toxic steam. Three of the samples yielded even more poison. Every gram contained enough palytoxin to kill 300,000 mice, or around 80 people.
Unfortunately, Deeds has no clear message for aquarium owners. Some of the zoanthid species that he tested weren't toxic at all, and indeed, many people claim to have handled zoanthids for years without problems. However, those that contain palytoxin can kill if even a small amount of the poison gets on the skin. And, as Steveoutlaw found, even breathing in an aerosolised version of the poison is a bad idea. The problem is that telling zoanthids apart is incredibly difficult – Deeds only did it with any degree of certainty using genetic analysis.
And tracing the origins of these animals isn't easy either. One of the aquarium owners who Deeds visited said that he got his zoanthids through mixed containers of corals and rock fragments, known as "frags", with no information about their origins. The animals can be accidentally introduced on unsuspecting rocks. And many aquarium owners will break the rocks up themselves and exchange them between friends.
As Deeds wrote, "the legendary limu appears to be exacting its ancient curse once again, but this time upon unsuspecting marine home aquarists." Owners are "often unaware of the deadly poisons they are being exposed to".
PS Venom enthusiasts know that the potency of poisons is measured using the LD-50 – the dose that will kill half a group of mice after a set time. The most venomous snake has an LD-50 of 25 micrograms per kilogram of body weight. For tetrodotoxin, the equivalent figure is 8 micrograms. For batrachotoxin, the poison from the skin of poison dart frogs, it's 2-7 micrograms. For palytoxin, it's 0.3 micrograms (or 300 nanograms).
Reference: Deeds, J., Handy, S., White, K., & Reimer, J. (2011). Palytoxin Found in Palythoa sp. Zoanthids (Anthozoa, Hexacorallia) Sold in the Home Aquarium Trade PLoS ONE, 6 (4) DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0018235
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Comments (50)
This story was just awesome and informative and it would have totally been ignored, I bet, if you weren't blogging.
Lord knows what deadly poison is growing in my fishtank…
I have nothing intelligent to add. But: awesome.
Enough material there to write a thriller novel. Or to murder someone! 😛
Interesting read! Glad I don't own an aquarium…What's the world's deadliest poison then?
Funny coincidence, I stumbled on the case study of this guy this morning. The train of thought was: friend's post about crown-of-thorns starfish on Facebook -> Wikipedia entry on crown-of-thorns -> there's some big-ass polyp that eats COTs -> ended up on article about palytoxin.
The synthesis of palytoxin by the Harvard chemist Yoshito Kishi was a landmark. It remans the largest non-protein molecule to be synthesized in a laboratory.
I think botulinum toxin can be more potent than maitotoxin. That's intravenous.
Very interesting. I was unfamiliar with this toxin…it's cool.
For one thing, check out the outrageous chemical structure. For another, its mechanism: binding to sodium-potassium-ATPase pumps and converting them into open ion-leakage channels, wow! No ion gradients, no neuron or muscle function.
My wife and I both got hit with palytoxin. We had a zooanthid colony that had come in with zoopox (an infection of zooanthids). We removed the clearly dying colony, but some of our other colonies had already been infected.
So we got some antibiotic/anti-fungal dip and ripped the colonies from their attachment on the rock, dipped them in the medication (in a seperate tank) for about 20 minutes then put them back. I monitored the medication and kept the water circulating, usually by sticking my hands in the tank and swirling the water. My wife was moving the colonies to and from the display tank.
BTW: Palytoxin is skin permeable.
The results sucked. It was like the worst case of food poisoning ever. Joint and muscle pain you wouldn't believe. We were basically flat on our backs for three days. We couldn't figure out why we were so sick and our little boy wasn't.
Finally, after got better, I found out about palytoxins.
It was very, very bad.
BTW: The blue bit is not the zooanthid. That's a clam. The round things with the frills are the zooanthids.
Just wanted to make sure everyone realized.
Awesome. We keep tetrodotoxin in our lab (it comes in 1 mg vials, so at 8 ug/kg for the LD50 that's enough to kill 4 or 5 people) and I've marked it all up with a bunch of warnings to handle it with care. And that stuff's over 20 times as potent. Dang, sea creatures, why you gotta be like that?
As an undergraduate, I did research in the lab of Yoshito Kishi, a chemist at Harvard, not long after he published the first total synthesis of palytoxin. There was a fun story about him:
When his grad student was almost done with the synthesis, he'd walk into lab every day, scratching his arms and asking, "Is it done yet? I CAN FEEL IT!"
I've always been tempted to touch zooanthids when diving. I guess I'll stay clear of them.
Title your posts with care. The social media daemons are displeased with your invalid use of an apostrophe in the URL of this story.
LD50s aren't always comparable or realistic. Route of exposure makes a big difference. Some toxins can be swallowed with minimal harm, but are much more potent intravenously. So, unless you're using it as a deliberate poison, the natural exposure route makes a big difference on the toxicity. It can make a difference between LD50 studies, too, depending on how the experimenter decides to administrate the poison (i.e., results from orally and intravenously administered poisons aren't going to be comparable, and may not be realistic if the natural exposure route is drastically different. The body's got some pretty nice defenses). Thought I'd toss that in; the LD50 is a bit more complex when you start taking it apart.
Also, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (which the US is a part of) agreed to phase out the LD50 in 2000. Didn't have time to dig it out on their website, but here's a quick link that sums up what I talked about above better and notes the OECD decision: http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/L/LD50.html. You can find other articles online about it, too, though I don't know how effective it's been since LD50 is still the biggest number commonly used for toxicity.
LD-50s are pretty 'old-school' and a very simplistic, crude measure of toxicity… I'd hesitate to call any agent the "world's 2nd deadliest poison" if it's merely based on LD-50 results. But nonetheless, a very interesting piece!
This guy you kindly refer to is a friend as well as a member of the Washington DC Marine Aquarist Society (WAMAS), also an accomplish marine reef keeper who is knowledgeable and as well as an avid aquaculturist.
Awesome article! I can't wait until we see this on Bones or Castle or CSI.
I'd like to read a story on the mechanisms of action of these extreme toxins. What do they stick to, interfere with, substitute for, catalyze, lyse, clog up, or what-have-you? I've been reading about mitochondria, and their role in programmed cell death. ("Sex, Power, Suicide" by Nick Lane; recommended!) Something that tipped the balance in favor of mitochondria releasing cytochrome c into the cytoplasm could have cells throughout the body pining for the fjords in no time.
OgreMkV: The expression to sum up with is, "No, sir, I didn't like it."
What's in your aquarium? Poisson or poison?
Hmm, are these the same things as the sea anemones you find at the tide pools at the beach? I have touched plenty of those. must not be. Someone can clarify please. Thx.
Here is a link to a recent article about a similar, more recent incident …
Sounds like this needs to be a controlled substance, its already weaponized!
The Blue Ringed Octopuss is the deadliest sea creature.. But it has to bite you with its beak and inject you with venom. I have personally seen these in the US but they were by compelet accident.. and the Aquarium stores that recieved these specimines destroyed them when they were found. They cay come in hiding in the Live Rock. Heck being only 4-6″ across they can hide pretty well.
When I handle my Zoo's I always were gloves and goggles.. as they can also squirt there toxin when pulled outta the water. And the blogger says you never know which varity might have the toxin by looking at it.
It's funny, because I don't know a single salt water aquarium owner who DOESN'T know about this. Way to present this rather banal story as some riveting late-breaking news piece.
Nice post, "Obviously". There might be a few aquarium owners that are unaware, so how about finding something more significant to complain about?
I quite like the description of palytoxin's structure as '127 carbon atoms joined together in a barmy conga line of death' – but I'm going to be picky and point out that it's 129 carbon atoms… and if you think that structure's impressive, check out maitotoxin's – http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maitotoxin
After reading this we did a write-up on one of our readers that experienced something similar while working for one of the large marine aquarium suppliers in California:
@Obviously: Deeds (the author of the cited paper) states ""the legendary limu appears to be exacting its ancient curse once again, but this time upon unsuspecting marine home aquarists." Owners are "often unaware of the deadly poisons they are being exposed to"." Deeds is actually making this statement that marine aquarists are unaware of this and not Ed. Deeds is the one that's mis-informed. For any of us that frequent the numerous reefkeeping forums, we've occasionally come across posts about this in addition to remarks about palytoxin. A number of the reef aquarium hobbyist books also make mention of this. What's surprising is that the US FDA didn't.
Nevermind the troll.
I was in the salt water aquarium trade for over a decade and never heard of this. It was never brought up in the store I worked at and I never read about it until now.
This article will be making the rounds at my local aquarium society.
Hate to be picky, but it's not the world's second-deadliest poison…it's the second-deadliest NONPROTEIN toxin. Tetanospasmin and botulinum toxin are even more lethal if you're going by LD50. Other than that, though, nice post.
The structures given as a link in 24 and 33 made me wonder what their IUPAC names are. Al I could think of was "oh, my." My BS Chem was '65 and even then I would not have had a clue how to name those compounds.
Software engineering is so much safer. Although one place where I consulted had a wet chemistry lab. I looked around thinking about asking for a favor. I saw HF bottles and tanks of gases that would kill you faster. My pH meter did not need calibrating after all.
tbone, while palys and zoos are in the same phylum as jellies and similar species, they are not even in the same family.
So, yes, they all have toxins, but the palys and zoos are a toxic bunch unto themselves.
I have a working hypothesis that, like some vertebrates, the brighter the zoo or paly, the more toxic they are. This based on a sample size of two, so take with a 2 kilo block of halite.
The ones that got us were radioactive dragon's eyes, which are generally very bright green.
So let me get this straight: First, 1g kills a million mice. Next, 1g kills 300,000 mice. Explain that to me.
@Eric: The way I understand it is, 1 gram of pure palytoxin can kill a million mice. 1 g of the unpurified sample of zoanthid (marine organism) the researcher collected could kill 300k mice. I briefly wondered the same thing as you when I read the article.
Eric, I suppose the 1g killing 100 million mice is the toxin in its purest form. The 1g killing 300.000 mice was one of the samples Deeds got, not pure toxin.
Ed, wonderful read as always, and a very inspiring one too! I google-image'd "zoanthid" and got a plethora of immensely beautiful pictures of the most colourful creatures. This needs to be written in my notebook (I'm an art student)!
Very interesting article, glad I have stuck to freshwater aquariums
Am I the only one who was left wondering what is the world's 1st deadliest poison?
"Hate to be picky, but it's not the world's second-deadliest poison…it's the second-deadliest NONPROTEIN toxin. Tetanospasmin and botulinum toxin are even more lethal if you're going by LD50. Other than that, though, nice post."
hate to be pickier, but unless the author has got his facts wrong, the first quoted lethal dose is 10 ng. 300 ng is the LD50, a measurement of lethality over time, not overall palytoxin-dependent lethality after exposure with no time reference. This suggests that if you let things take their course, a 30-fold lower dose is lethal. The author also fails to mention whether the mice received an oral, intravenous, intramuscular or epithelial dose. Obviously, being a protein, this molecule with be highly sensitive to proteases and pH differences in the digestive tract, so a lethal oral dose is likely to be much higher that a lethal intravenous dose. Given that, quoting LD50 numbers and death rates is fairly meaningless without further information. This is the problem with mixing journalistic articles like this one with some science, the science becomes meaningless. As this article is pretty uncertain about what is really happening, I don't think you can draw any negative conclusions about it either. Other than that, good point.
So if it's so deadly how come fish around it don't die?
@ Eric
One gram of pure palytoxin will kill one-hundred million mice.
The zoanthids gathered from D.C. area aquarium supply stores, when tested, had enough palytoxin to kill 300,000 mice.
Obviously zoanthids aren't made from pure palytoxin.
I was breaking down my tank as a sale to a friend. I seperated a bunch of brownish and teal stripped palythoas from the tank into another tank so I could keep a large colony. Apparently while we waited for the water to drain into buckets my hands dried off. Because it was around 8:30 in the morning I was wiping the corners of my eyes. Within 5 minutes I started feeling like a strong allergy came over me. I sneezed, coughed and iched the hell out of my eyes(only putting more toxins in the left as I rubbed). Within 1 hour I was at the ER getting my eye flushed. They gave me eye drops and pain reliever naproxin and vicoden. Neither worked for shit. By 4am the pain was 10 out of 10. The next day around 12:30 went to the eye center and within 15 minutes of giving me drops the pain stopped. My eyelids were swollen shut like frog eyes. But no more pain. He gave me a steroid drop , dilated my pupils so the eye would not continue to expand and contract and also gave me a eye antibiotic. He said the pain reliever the ER gave me didn't work for eye pain but Tylenol would.. Also told me most eye centers have on call doctors for the ER and to insist to contact that eye doctor as ER peolpe aren't prepared to handle eye injuries. It took two full weeks to regain about 99% of my vision back. I think it's still just slightly blurry. Anyhow lesson learned Wash your hand after touching any coral.
I almost lost my austrailian shepherd because of pressure washing these polyps off of my live rock. Her heartbeat was so low that they had to give her adrenalin. Also she apparently gotten some in her eyes, which caused a ulcer on her cornea. I had to rush her to LSU animal clinic, where they treated the toxin and had to sew a collagen patch to her cornea…..I had saltwater aquariums for 16 years and never had problems like that….I now realize all the flu-like symptoms i had were because of these palythoas…..


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New details of next-gen 'iPhone HD' emerge
Apple is working to build a pair of iPhones for release this year, one a sequel to the company's prior GSM handsets, and the other built to work on CDMA networks, according to a new report. Citing people briefed by the company, the Wall Street Journal reports that the CDMA iPhone will be built by Pegatron Technology Corp., the contract manufacturing subsidiary of Taiwan's ASUSTeK Computer, and is scheduled to go into mass production in September. This new model would allow Apple to offer the iPhone on both Verizon Wireless and Sprint in the U.S., along with a small number of carriers in countries including South Korea and Japan. The new GSM model is being made by Hon Hai Precision Industry, the same company that produced Apple's prior iPhones, and will likely be thinner and have a faster processor, according to the report.
Following the publication of the WSJ report, Engadget was informed by an anonymous source that the next-generation iPhone would be announced on Tuesday, June 22, and would be dubbed the iPhone HD. In a separate report calling the WSJ out for lack of details on the next-generation iPhone, Daring Fireball's John Gruber suggested that the next-gen iPhone would be powered by an A4-family CPU system-on-a-chip, and sport a 960x640 quadruple resolution display, second, front-facing camera, and third-party multitasking thanks to iPhone OS 4.0. These reports follow the appearance of images and video of a supposed fourth-generation iPhone replacement faceplate, which was slightly taller than that of current iPhone models and featured a prominent hole next to the handset speaker, supposedly for a front-facing camera.
'Father of the iPod' Tony Fadell leaves Apple
Tony Fadell, former senior vice president of Apple's iPod division, current advisor to the CEO, "father of the iPod," and an executive involved in the development of the iPhone, is leaving the company, according to a New York Times report. Fadell stepped down from his position as senior vice president of Apple's iPod division in November 2008 for personal reasons, and was replaced by Mark Papermaster, a former IBM executive, who took on the role of senior vice president of Devices Hardware Engineering; Fadell's wife Danielle Lambert, former Apple vice president of Human Resources, also left in November 2008. While Fadell declined to talk about Apple with the NYT, he did say that his primary focus going forward would be "helping the environment by working with consumer green-tech companies." "I'm determined to tell my kids and grandkids amazing stories beyond my iPod and iPhone ones," he said.
MobileNavigator adds MyRoutes, 3D terrain, Facebook+Twitter support
Navigon has released an update to its MobileNavigator suite of applications for the iPhone, adding support for MyRoutes, location sharing via Facebook and Twitter and 3D terrain views. Previously available only on Navigon's dedicated GPS hardware devices, the MyRoutes feature analyzes users driving habits and patterns based on location and time of day to provide up to three optimal routes tailored to the user with ETA, distance and driving times for each. Social media integration features allow users to post information on their current position, destination and ETA to Facebook and Twitter from directly within the application. The latest update also adds support for Navigon's new Panorama View 3D feature which provides 3D in-map terrain views with digital landscape elevations and geographic images integrated into the map data. Navigon MobileNavigator North America is available from the App Store for $80 and is a free update for existing Navigon users. MobileNavigator versions for other regions have also been updated and are available separately. The Panorama View 3D is available as an in-app purchase for an additional $10.
Fusion of Ideas outs StealthArmor for iPad
Fusion of Ideas has unveiled its new StealthArmor protective film for the Apple iPad. Available in a variety of finishes, including clear, brushed aluminum, carbon fiber, matte black, and wood grain, StealthArmor was originally developed for automotive applications and uses a heat-bonding technology to form itself to the iPad's unique shape. Notably, the company previously told iLounge that installation involves applying "liberal heat" from a hair dryer to the film in order to make it pliable and ensure a proper fit. Fusion of Ideas' StealthArmor film for iPad will be available on April 3rd; pricing has yet to be announced.
MobileAge previews Shanghai Mahjong for iPad
MobileAge has released a preview of the iPad version of its popular Shanghai Mahjong for the iPhone and iPod touch. Shanghai Mahjong for iPad will provide new iPad-optimized artwork and 200 new layouts for expanded game play. Users will also be able to download additional custom-designed tileset art and background images from within the app or choose a background from the iPad photo album. The company plans to release the iPad version as a universal app that will run on the iPhone, iPod touch and iPad. The iPad version will be available as a free update for existing Shanghai Mahjong users. More information and screenshots can be found at the developer's web site.


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Thursday, July 16, 2009
Recycle old pillows: no sew dog bed (or floor pillows for the kids)
I started by throwing them in the washer and dryer to freshen them up and get them somewhat fluffy again.
Next, take a yard of fleece and fold it in half, cutting along the fold so you have two separate pieces. I'd have preferred to use brown fleece, but since this bed is for my 15-year old dachshund, and she's almost completely white now, I knew the brown wouldn't work as well because she sheds so much...I didn't want the bed to look like it had a fur coat on. ha!
Start by cutting a 4" square from each of the four corners.
Then cut 1" wide strips all the way around.
Once you've cut strips all the way around, begin tying knots from the back and front pieces. I doubled-knotted mine because I know my dogs will scratch and dig at the pillow to make it just the right degree of comfiness, but I'm sure a single knot would be fine, too.
Tie knots all the way around, leaving enough space to stuff your pillows inside. You have two options at this point. You can leave the knots showing on the outside. This looks nice, like fringe. Or, you can turn the fleece inside out so the knots are on the inside, then stuff your pillows. Knot the remaining strips, and tuck inside (if you aren't leaving fringe on the outside).
{Join the DIY party and share your latest projects at Kimba's!}
32 comments:
- Laura Ingalls Gunn said...
Oh this is great! Your doxie is so sweet. Our doxie Rudi says "Hi!"
- July 16, 2009 at 10:33 AM
- Carrie said...
I love the look of the knots from the inside....hhmmm....what could I use this for????
Thanks for visiting my blog!
- July 16, 2009 at 10:38 AM
- Carrie said...
good idea Sadie and Dixie would love this
- July 16, 2009 at 10:40 AM
- Joanna said...
Your so creative! I would have never thought to do this!
I will have to do this!
- July 16, 2009 at 10:42 AM
- Lucky in Love said...
I love the way this looks with the knots on the inside!!
I have to admit...I made my husband one of these blankets...and my dad...and my sister for Christmas one year :) They still all use them though, and they are really warm :)
- July 16, 2009 at 11:14 AM
- frillsfluffandtrucks said...
I never thought of tucking the strips inside--I like the way that looks a lot!
~ Sarah
- July 16, 2009 at 11:59 AM
- erin said...
cute dog bed idea. I love how you describe yourself as Carrie Heffernan and not Carol Brady. Great blog.
- July 16, 2009 at 12:43 PM
- MeganSloan said...
I did the same thing last summer and my dogs love it! I had bought a GIANT feather pillow (as in the size of a twin bed) from an auction for $5 and then bought doggie fleece (1/2 off of course). Gotta love cheap things!
- July 16, 2009 at 12:56 PM
- Gina said...
What a great idea, I've done this before but never thought of turing the knots inside. It looks great that way!
Thanks for stopping by my blog!
- July 16, 2009 at 1:09 PM
- Amy said...
Super idea! I need to make one of these for my MIL's doggie.
- July 16, 2009 at 2:12 PM
- Nicole @ BugaBoos said...
Ohhh I have to try this! This is so awesome and looks easy enough for me! Love this, Thanks for sharing!
- July 16, 2009 at 2:41 PM
- Nissa said...
What a great idea! I love that it's a no-sew project too.
- July 16, 2009 at 3:22 PM
- Sabrina said...
love this idea. I am definitely going to be copying this. Thanks for sharing.
- July 16, 2009 at 3:42 PM
- Ally0005 said...
Love this how cute. I have never seen this before.
- July 16, 2009 at 4:53 PM
- b. said...
great idea... looks so cozy too!!!
are my feeds still not showing up for you?
- July 16, 2009 at 4:55 PM
- chicroses said...
Just disciovered your blog. Love the pillow for your doggie. Your other baby looks jealous. Our baby Hank just passed away a couple months ago..so when seeing other dogs my heart skips a beat. Your sofas look great in your room. We have the same color paint and trim..looking for a new sofa...I will come back..sally
- July 17, 2009 at 8:29 AM
- Candy Allen said...
Everyone has those flat pillows you just don't know what to do with. Fantastic idea!
- July 17, 2009 at 2:05 PM
- Stacie said...
Oohh, I have seen these blankets but never thought to do this in a pillow--very cool!
- July 17, 2009 at 11:23 PM
- chicroses said...
Me again. Thanks for your comment on my blog.So sweet. Hank hated to lay on pillows but would put his paws up on one and suck on his baby (stuffed ape) against one like the one you made. Im just hoping I can keep up posting on my blog. Now that I can find my pictures easier I hope I can find the time. HattieJane takes up alot of my time. Hugs Sally
- July 17, 2009 at 11:34 PM
- Kim said...
Love this idea! Thanks!
- July 19, 2009 at 9:44 PM
- Ashley @ AshleysBusy said...
I made those fleece blankets for my family 2 Christmas' ago. My hands felt like they were gonna fall off. Never thought to turn it inside out, love how it looks like a braided edge. will have to consider this project, especially since I've got 2 pups and 2 cats :)
- July 20, 2009 at 8:14 AM
- JudiW said...
I would suggest you use old pillow cases as covers on your dog bed pillows. They are much easier to change, de-hair and clean. The bed itself may need a clean once in awhile but not nearly as often as the cover.
I do this for my cat beds and it works great.
- July 21, 2009 at 5:40 PM
- Lara Harris said...
I think this might actually be something I could do!Thanks for posting it!:o)
- July 22, 2009 at 3:32 PM
- Britt said...
This is so smart! I might have to try this! Thanks for sharing.
- August 9, 2009 at 8:47 PM
I recently came accross your blog and have been reading along. I thought I would leave my first comment. I dont know what to say except that I have enjoyed reading. Nice blog. I will keep visiting this blog very often.
- August 14, 2009 at 8:22 AM
- Paz123 said...
How nice pictures!! This dog bed is looking so nice and comfortable!! I got a new dog bed from Petco...
- September 7, 2009 at 6:56 AM
- BonBonChihuahuas said...
We also use the pillow cases over dog beds. Trust me, we use LOTS of them!
We also cut three long strips (depends on the size of your dog) of fleece, tie a knot at one end, braid the rest and then another knot at the other end. They go NUTS over these! Mixing three different prints for this looks cute!
- March 25, 2010 at 3:04 PM
- Carla said...
I love the "Jealous" arrow! Think I'm going to copying this. Great post.
- July 26, 2011 at 3:10 PM
- valerie jayne said...
I loved this idea so much that I made one for my doggie! He LOVES it! and I stuffed it really full for him. Thanks so much for this great no sew doggie bed idea!!
- November 19, 2013 at 11:30 AM
- the undomesticated wife said...
That's awesome! It's a great way to recycle those nasty pillows we all have in a closet somewhere. :)
- December 30, 2013 at 8:20 AM
- Sammi Sbraggia said...
Thank you for sharing this. I will be getting a smaller pillow for my puppy for her kennel, and will be doing this method for the outside. ANother great idea is to put a waterproof pillow cover over the pillow inside (if you have a puppy or an older pup who has bladder problems).
- February 9, 2018 at 3:42 PM
- Virendra Bhatiya said...
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- April 30, 2018 at 6:27 AM


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June 29, 2013
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As far as I can tell, you have 2 options in gold-making right now at the beginning of this expansion : get to level 90 ASAP or farm your way to level 90.
If you get to max level, you're going for gold-making by crafting items to put on the AH.
You could also make gold by selling the BoEs and mats picked up while running dungeons.
(By the way, that's the quickest way to get to max level.)
If you farm your way to level 90, you're going to have one advantage: you'll have picked up a lot of Motes of Harmony by killing mobs. That will give you a head start on crafting.
But you could argue that getting to max level and wearing max level gear will make killing mobs faster, making also gathering faster - and you have flying on top of that.
Questing ?
Unless you are a die hard fan of lore, questing can wait.
Personally, I've always reached max level first, and then I started questing, because the quest XP gets turned into 2x gold rewards.
Moar profit is teh winz.
Farming farm dailies
In your gold-making priorities, getting a farm started should be at the top.
Mainly because you can start gathering mats in advance but mostly because it's gated by dailies.
Dailies mean early birds get gold-plated worms.
It's the word, from what I've heard.
The Godmother wrote a very detailed post on how to start it and make it work.
Mist-Piercing Goggles - get a pair for the extra loots.
Lifted from the Wowhead comments:
The Mist-Piercing Goggles are more than just a name. Out in the world you will find small patches of mist scattered around, up against trees, along cliff edges etc. If you have these goggles with you, you will be able to see the herb or metal that is shrouded by the mist.
As the tooltip says, you do not need to have these equipped to see through the mist, simply having them in your bag is sufficient.
Once you know what you're looking for, you'll start to see just how many mist patches there are in the world. These will be a significant increase to gathering.
Use your server's low and peak times to your advantage.
Off time: I run around a lot.
I've reached 600 Mining in record time, only running around in the Jade Forest. A few more days like that and my Blacksmithing, Jewelcrafting and Engineering will running full steam ahead.
Peak time: I go where people are.
There's a few spots in the Jade Forest, but the ultimate killing grounds I've encountered so far are in the Valley of the Four Winds.
There's 2 main places where it's skinning galore because of quests and fast spawning mobs, and a few little hubs here and there that are a bit unoccupied but someone can leave a whole trail of corpses to skin from (like the Silken Fields).
Just get there when the waves of players are hitting the spots and skin as quickly as you can.
After all, you're helping get rid of the corpses so more mobs spawn - they should all be thanking you!
Know how to use NPCScan
A lot of rares are around the world and you have to kill them when you can because there's a lot of people that can tag them before you do.
Best thing you can do is to have NPCScan installed.
To automatically populate NPCScan with all the Pandaria rares (and also all the old-world rares, because why not), install NPCScanEx and follow the instructions (which is just "click this button").
And to reset you rare cache every day, I wrote a little article with step by step instructions on how to make that happen with 1 click of a button.
Selling pets
You can cage and sell pets that are not wild pets.
However, remember in which circumstance you got certain pets.
Some of them cannot be gotten again and therefore their value should be skyrocketing.
It's a whole new market and prices are yet to be set in stone, so allow yourself to have fun but be sure to not be too hasty in getting rid of some rare pets that could be worth 10x what you think they're really worth!
Be careful with the AH at the beginning of the expansion with non-current items
People are impatient to make gold.
Some will flood the AH with non-Pandaria items and will either boost their prices or lower them just to get rid of them.
Use caution and good sense.
Both with the items you are posting and their auctions.
Remember: just because you used to make a profit out of certain items before doesn't mean that you will be able to do the same now.
An expansion changes the way that the game is played, both in leveling characters and professions, to crafting and gathering items.
Sometimes it's good to buy, sometimes it's good to sell, and even sometimes it's good to not do anything at all!
You be the judge - use your gold-making knowledge wisely.
Last tip: Having a friend that has a level 90 toon that can fly you around is also pretty handy to have! ^_^
That's all I got for today - remember to take the time to explore and have fun!


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People interested in obtaining their associate's, bachelor's or graduate degrees are invited to attend Lone Star College-Kingwood's Transfer Fair.
The free college fair will take place on Thursday, March 21 from 1-4 p.m. in the Student-Conference Center atrium. The event will host colleges and universities across the state that are interested in helping people meet their academic goals.
"LSC-Kingwood is committed to helping our students make the transfer from community college to a four-year university a smooth transition. Instead of having students contact each school, we wanted to bring the schools to them," said Nicole Keenan, director of Admissions and Outreach.
LSC-Kingwood has held this event on campus for the past three years. At the transfer fair, representatives from approximately 20 institutions will provide information on transfer admissions, student services, financial aid and more. Students are encouraged to bring copies of their transcripts to discuss transfer options and on the spot advising will be available. The college will have unofficial transcripts available for students who need them.
"This transfer fair will give students and the public an opportunity to shop around, examine several options, collect transfer material, speak with a representative and make a decision on what school suits their needs," Keenan said.
For more information, contact Nicole Keenan via email at email@example.com.
Register now for credit classes online through myLoneStar. Classes are offered days, evenings, or weekends in traditional, Internet, video, TV and independent study formats. For more information on how to register online, visit www.lonestar.edu/registration.
Register now for credit classes online through myLoneStar. Classes are offered days, evenings, or weekends in traditional, Internet, video, TV and independent study formats. For more information on how to register online, visit www.lonestar.edu/registration.
For general information about Lone Star College-Kingwood, call 281-312-1600 or visit http://lonestar.edu/kingwood.htm.
Lone Star College System has been opening doors to a better community for 40 years. Founded in 1973, LSCS remains steadfast in its commitment to student success and credential completion. Today, with 78,000 students in credit classes, and a total enrollment of more than 90,000, Lone Star College System is the largest institution of higher education in the Houston area and the fastest-growing community college system in the nation. Dr. Richard Carpenter is the chancellor of LSCS, which consists of six colleges including LSC-CyFair, LSC-Kingwood, LSC-Montgomery, LSC-North Harris, LSC-Tomball and LSC-University Park, five centers, LSC-University Center at Montgomery, LSC-University Center at University Park, Lone Star Corporate College, and LSC-Online. To learn more visit LoneStar.edu.


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Gaming Trend Editor Ron Burke writes an in-depth piece on resolutions, their differences, the math behind them, and how all of it comes together to mean almost nothing.
all you need to know
1080p> 720p
120 hz > 60hz
ps4 > one
Wii u > ps4 > xbone
Unless you're talking personal game experience, the technology in a WiiU is NOT greater than the PS4.
Even the X1 has more appealing next-gen titles than the WiiU! And yes resolution, specs all matter if it didn't devs wouldn't pass up on Nintendo. ;)
Oh boy, you will be at one bubble in no time if you keep that up.
"Wii u > ps4..."
nice try, but that's beyond delusional.
Mariokart8,X,ProjectCARS,and titanfall have the best nextgen textures ive seen so far...
Sir, you get a bubble for being so truthful. Everybody knows this fact yet they keep denying it. The facts look them straight in the face! Why do these fanboys keep denying it.
Why, we can already play games on it, while they can only compare spec sheets. SO by definition it is better ;).
In 2 weeks that might change a bit though ;).
You're a brave one.
Here's you Mario kitty VS COD Dog.
LOL at all the morons who just got trolled. You figure the name would give it away.
But, if you can't beat'em - PC Specs trump all.
it doesnt matter because once youre focused on gameplay graphics tend of become an afterthough
however it does matter because before you play the game you want to know you're buying the best possible experience. so it def matters for sales. why pay $100 more for a technologically inferior product that outputs inferior resolution. on paper it doesn't make sense
I really doubt 120hz is going to matter for a PS4 other than maybe smoothing it out a little bit. 60fps seems to be the sweet spot for the system so you really don't need anything over 60hz.
Also FYI pretty much every TV that is "120hz" or "240hz" is actually not true. For all intensive purposes it is basically "upscaled" so to speak. None of those TVs actually allow for more than a 60fps input.
You need a computer monitor with a display port or DVI-D input to actually get anything over 60fps.
This is true, as I was tv shopping I was really considering getting a tv with like 240hz for gaming mainly. I spoke with a best buy TV sales person and told him why I was searching for a 240hz tv and he kindly said are you going to be gaming from a pc rig or a console? and when I told him a console he said well I don't think any console games are rendering over 60fps so you really don't need a insane amount of hz at the moment 60hz is enough. I am now waiting for 4k TVs before I upgrade.
I guess it's his job but if you would have said PC gaming I know for a fact he would have tried to sell you one of those 120hz/240hz TVs (otherwise he wouldn't have even asked that question). Kind of messed up because as I already stated those TVs don't actually support higher FPS inputs. HDMI just doesn't have enough throughput to support it.
The latest versions of the HDMI standard does not allow through put for more than 60fps? You have proof of this? Could you support that with some links?
@ 0ut1awed
according to Wikipedia, hdmi can output 1080p @ 120hz after version 1.4b which was released back in October 2011.
However, I'm not sure if the PS4 or Xbox1 can support it. I assume they can but don't see any evidence on the web.
You guys are confusing TV refresh rate (hz) with fps. If you read the article it explains the difference.
It really is basically that simple. I'm tired of how the articles about how "resolutiongate" being "overblown" have become more exhausting than the relevant genre that are articles about "resolutiongate" (those that compare price/performance)
If you don't like price/performance articles, take your ignorant opinions and go find a hobby that caters to morons.
With a name like that you need to get over yourself and get out more. Do you work for Sony? No? Then those figures are certainly not "all you need to know."
Simple mind....
You didn't really provide any evidence. You basically personally attacked him, then trailed off.
I think what he says is correct, and many other reputable forums also agree. I don't see why would would get so upset.
No one needs to work for Sony or Microsoft to know the facts...PS4 is a more technically capable console compared to Xbox One and Wii U. Try again.
xbox one has dedicated servers a better online experience and better games, ps4 has killzone & losers who count pixels all day
* better launch games.
* PS4 has Killzone, better graphics, better hardware, and losers who count pixels all day because they are actually there.
"720p? 1080p? ESRAM? Why it matters and why it doesn't"
It matters now. But when everything gets fixed, we'll move on to the next thing and forget about it.
Fixed? Do you mean the next generation of consoles?
If you know anything about tech you will know the xbone is only going to get worse as much needs to be put on the ESram in the future to keep up with the PS4, the lower gpu and the ESram will make it impossible in a couple years, gpgpu will be the xbone downfall.
Yeah that's not even close to being right.
720p @60fps > 1080p @30fps, though
I agree. I'll take 60fps and lower resolution over the opposite. Hell, in competitive PC gaming, it's pretty common (or at least was) for players to disable a lot of visual features, to obtain the best framerates possible. When I played competitively, that is what is what I did. It was also used to gain advantages, like disabling lightning do eliminate dark spots/shadows for players to hide in.
@linkenski: Not a fair assessment. You cut the FPS in half with your illustration but don't double the resolution.
Fairer would be 720p @60fps vs 1080p @45fps.
The assessment is completely fair, since it's using standard measurements for comparison. Resolution has known increments - 360, 480, 720, 1080, etc. Framerates also follow a similar philosophy. 24fps for film, 30 or 60fps for games, and then you can unlock the framerate (like PC) and obtain whatever your system can handle. Although devs can aim for virtual any framerate they desire, 30 and/or 60 tends to be the "sweet spot."
So it isn't about actually halving everything equally, but rather comparing the different increments. That being said, I would still prefer 720p/60fps over 1080p/45fps.
Killzone runs at [email protected]
So does Knack? I forgot.
Resogun does.
New'n'Tasty does.
Your statement is invalid.
[email protected] > [email protected]
@ linkenski
I agree that frame rate is more important than resolution. It helps with response times when playing competitive games while making the animation run smooth.
However, this is relative to what type of game you're playing. 30fps is acceptable and suitable for games that don't have fast moving images and don't require fast response times. Also, less frame rates gives more graphical power to render other visuals like textures and lighting effects.
When I play Bioshock on my PC, I always favored more fps. When I played Civilization 5, I put the graphic setting on high and don't mind sacrificing frame rates.
shame xbone isnt getting 720p @60fps tho huh , its barely getting 720 @30fps and even then that dips on DR3, and even on COD ghosts its 720p with frame drops.
how did i know the first comment would mention a ps4 and at the same time slam xbox one.
Yeah unless you have a blind pro-Sony comment, don't bother.
Wow. more spin. It does matter, it does matter. I wonder if the spinners think that if they said that it doesn't matter enough time that people will start believing it?
It matters if you want to choose the right platform that meets your setup, but it matters little in terms of overall image quality. It's not spin. There is plenty of math and knowledge in the article to back it up.
Apparently, a lot of people disagree with math and knowledge. :)
Of course it does. Unless your gaming on a tiny screen smaller than an Ipad.
It matters. A new generation, you want a new standard. You pay 500 bucks for a new machine, you would want it to run contemporary settings. Why is this just not understood by some?
I'm getting the x1 but I agree. We should expect a lot better graphics and all that stuff for our money. I'm willing to let them work out the kinks. In a year you won't be able to tell the difference between x1 and ps4 visually. look at oblivion vs skyrim. and the ps3 had some major issues at launch. not to mention the 'far more powerful ps3 will give you much better graphics' that didn't come true. both systems are going to be awesome. but just like the issue with frame rate drop on the ps4 at 1080p...those issues will be done rather quickly as game developers get more used to the hardware.
But I do agree that when I spend that $500 i am expecting better looking stuff moving faster and offering more.
I am getting an XB1 on launch day as well, and I've decided to reserve judgement until these games actually come out. Everyone has their opinion of what looks good. A number is just a number to me. If it looks as good as it plays, its a winner.
I wouldn't bet on XBox One ever catching up, but you do - good luck to you!
A. PS3 had a more difficult architecture
B. worse GPU
C. better CPU+SPU.
The difficult architecture made initial games worse.
The SPU let it catch up.
But XBox 360s better GPU kept the playing field equal.
A. XBox One has a more difficult architecture
B. worse GPU
C. most likely worse CPU+GPGPU than PS4.
The architecture should not be that cumbersome as it resembles XBox 360s a lot - how to utilize that is known. But the eSRAM is only slightly faster than the PS4 RDRAM. Even with perfect (100%) utilization of it XBox ones memory bandwidth will only be slightly better than PS4, the likeliness of perfect utilization will decrease with bigger graphical environments...
XBox One has a cool camera, if game developers really find ways to use that it could sell systems, like the Wii motes sold Wiis.
"not to mention the 'far more powerful ps3 will give you much better graphics' that didn't come true"
This statement is only true for multiplatform games. Ps3 exclusives had WAY better graphics than anything on the 360. Killzone, God of War, and The Last of Us say hi!
The cell was completely different than anything any developer had ever worked on, so I understand the learning curve with that. But the XB1 and PS4 both use x86 which has been used for decades. You wouldn't think that would have the same steep learning curve.
@Hokie: "I'm willing to let them work out the kinks. In a year you won't be able to tell the difference between x1 and ps4 visually." /@
Look, you used oblivion vs skyrim, and I'm laughing because bethesda never figured out the ps3. I'm not defending the ps3, but I think that was a lot different than ESRam is to Cell. However, I'm going to quote the article in mention to help explain my skepticism (I cut out a lot so it's not a lengthy read as I assume you already read it or can find it).
"Sony put 8GB of GDDR5... 176GB/s of memory bandwidth ... Microsoft went a different direction, putting 8GB of DDR3 memory that hits a bandwidth of 68.3 GB/s, but also features a memory subsystem of 32 MB of ESRAM... at a theoretical speed of 192 GB/s. "
The way I see it is that the GDDR5 @ 176 is easy to use. The DDR3 RAM @ 68 is easy to use. That being said, Devs have find a way to CRAM 124 GB/s (the difference) throughput through a TINY 32mb of ESRam.
OK, so, I'm just disagreeing that we'll see the differences that soon - ESPECIALLY IN MULTIPLAT which are usually the same. I'm highly skeptical of if we will see that by the time the next next gen comes out (PS5 vs XBOXall(?))...
PS3 ran some early games sub-HD as well...look how it turned out for them.
Resolution, in the end, is one aspect. There is a lot more that this next gen is expected to (and will) do that the current/last cannot achieve. Yeas, PS4 will always have the edge in raw computational power but people are seriously taking this as Xbox One cannot produce 1080p (which, beyond being proven wrong by launch titles, is ludicrous considering that last gen machines can do it and these are exponentially more powerful)
Argue that one machine is more powerful than the other, that's fine, but to assume that one is last gen (when they share so much of the same DNA to boot) is being ignorant.
did you think only early PS3 games are sub-HD? all COD games on PS3 are sub-HD (960x540, 880x720),
Saints Row 4 is sub-HD (960x720), Splinter Cell Blacklist is sub-HD (1152x648), both games came out just couple of months ago.
What is sub-HD to you? A good guide is 720p, but some might argue that 480p was the start of HD. If it's 720p, then a lot of ps3 AND 360 games were sub-HD. If it's 480p then a lot of 360 AND PS3 games were sub-HD. Do you see what I did there?
Current (soon to be last gen) games had a very similar native resolution than the new Gen. Here's a quick find of early launch games: http://www.rage3d.com/board...
Keep in mind that as resolutions get higher and higher (See also: 4k tvs are out) the more we'll notice the difference. The fact that we're entering this generation with such differences (104 million is and will always be better than 46 million) as this article quotes, makes me wonder if that ESRam can really boost it to 2.26x of what the XBone is now...
It is understood by more than you think, it just isn't emphasized because it isn't as big a deal as many claim. So many people are focusing on resolution, that even something as substantial as framerates seems to take a backseat.
The new consoles are offering a enough new features, that without even getting into resolution, they justify their price tag. Battlefield will have 564 player support, and be running at 60fps. Many if not all MP games will utilizing dedicated servers, many games will be able to interact with other devices, such as phones, tablets and PC's. Cloud computing is being utilized for things such as AI processing and real-time stats, to a degree never achieved on consoles, with more potential to come. DVR features are being implemented, other PC-centric features, such as being able to play a game while it's downloading, are being introduced.
Real-time snapping between multiple apps, TV integration, an HDMI-input that can be used with virtually any device witha HDMI-out port, including a 360 and even a PS4. A completely redesigned Kinect, built from the ground up to act as an extension to the X1, rather than an optional peripheral released years after the launch of the console, which was the case with Kinect 1.0.
With all these new features and ideas taking place, my $500 spent on an X1, is more than justified, even if every game I ever play is only 720p.
Good read. Best part, "Your conclusion should be this – buy the games you want to play and stop worrying so much about the platform. The debate will rage on, but in the end it is and will always be about gameplay. Both systems will have their ups and downs, Microsoft and Sony fans will lash out at one another, Nintendo will do their own thing, and the PC crowd will lord their 4K resolution over the top of all of them."
Yep. In time I'm sure we'll see more and more games hitting that magical 1080p/60fps mark, and this will all be a moot point anyway.
Except when one system hits that "magical mark" and one doesn't, will it still be a moot point?
ahhh, not more of this nonsense.
It matters to some and doesn't to others, 1080p does look better than 720p.
Just choose your platform and play your games.
"Just choose your platform and play your games."
That's essentially the message of the article. It goes into technical explanation, sure, but it's not arguing for any particular console.
It is the need for the article in the first place that I am having a pop at not the articles outcome.
@RVanner_ Still, it seems to me the intent is actually to quell the fanboy fanfare, not encourage it.


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Wendy Davis on defense
The honeymoon is over for Wendy Davis.
The Texas Democratic gubernatorial candidate this week sustained the most negative coverage she's faced since shooting to political stardom last summer. And her campaign, still smarting from the scrutiny, is determined to change the subject by turning up the heat on her opponent, GOP Attorney General Greg Abbott, over education.
Story Continued Below
In the high-profile, astronomically expensive Texas gubernatorial race, Davis was riding high just over a week ago. While she has always faced an uphill battle, she had just raked in stellar fundraising numbers and scored yet another national television interview that showcased her compelling journey from single teenage mother to Harvard Law graduate and state senator. But last weekend, a Dallas Morning News piece highlighted a series of small inconsistencies between her oft-repeated narrative and her actual biography. The story was picked up nationally, exploded in conservative media and put the Democratic team on defense.
"Mine is a story about a teenage single mother who struggled to keep her young family afloat," Davis shot back in an open letter earlier this week. "It's a story about a young woman who was given a precious opportunity to work her way up in the world. It's a story about resiliency, and sacrifice, and perseverance. And you're damn right it's a true story."
( QUIZ: Do you know Wendy Davis?)
She will continue telling that story undeterred, say people close to Davis. Her team also sees an opportunity to continue hammering Abbott over education spending cuts, an issue that is playing out as part of a high-profile school finance lawsuit that the attorney general's office is handling, though he isn't directly involved.
"From a strategic perspective, the best way to deal with it is to go right back to Greg Abbott," said someone intimately familiar with the campaign's strategy. "The game plan is, 'Here is Greg Abbott, right now, [tied to] the court room, fighting to defend cuts to public education.'"
The source added, "That's where we are strongest, when we are talking about issues like education, and that's what we're going to continue to do."
( PHOTOS: Governors' offices up for grabs in 2014)
Matt Hirsch, a spokesman for the Abbott campaign, responded that the attorney general "will lead a transformation in education that will get Texas schools out of the courts and empower teachers, principals and parents to provide a better education for our children."
Abbott has personally shied away from dwelling on the discrepancies highlighted over the last week, though his campaign charged that Davis has "systematically, intentionally and repeatedly deceived Texans for years about her background, yet she expects voters to indulge her fanciful narrative."
As the statement rolled out and the story took off in the national press, some in the Davis world felt protective toward her, according to people familiar with the situation. And there was concern among some in her orbit that she was being portrayed as dishonest in not only the conservative publications, but also the mainstream media — "that somehow the senator lied," the source said. The open letter was an attempt to keep the narrative from spiraling out of control. It followed a quicker statement blasted out by the campaign, which included a timeline of aspects of Davis' life.
( PHOTOS: Wendy Davis's filibuster)
The snowballing story was perceived by the Davis camp as a personal attack on her, directly from Abbott, though the author of the original piece maintains he didn't talk to anyone from Abbott's team. Davis was interviewed for the piece, and other outlets had similar stories in the works.
Davis made her name in Texas politics several years ago by mounting a filibuster tied to opposing education cuts. But she is best-known nationally for her lengthy filibuster of a restrictive abortion measure, which she temporarily derailed over the summer.


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Welcome Y'all! I'm Paula, the recipe developer, food stylist, food photographer, writer, editor, and chief dishwasher behind the blog.
I started my blog in 2009 as a place to share my recipes with my friends and family. To be honest, I almost fainted the first time I received a comment from a NON family member. I never dreamed it would turn into a full time job that I ADORE as well as being featured on sites such as: SAVEUR, CNN's EATOCRACY, THE COOKING CHANNEL, and THE WASHINGTON POST just to name a few. As well as being a contributing writer on sites such as: PAULA DEEN, BETTY CROCKER, DISNEY'S BABBLE, and THE MUSHROOM CHANNEL.
It's been an exciting journey and I am continuing to learn (and occasionally burn things) every day. Which brings me to tell you that I'm NOT a professional chef, no, I am just someone who loves to cook – A LOT. I'm passionate about food. From how it's grown, to the people who grow it (thank a farmer), to how to it's processed, how to properly store it (did I mention I'm a food nerd), to different cooking techniques.
I love ALL kinds of foods (and cook all types of foods) but Italian food will always be THE ONE for me. I lived in Northern Italy growing up (yes I speak Italian). It's where I learned to appreciate food and cooking. Italian food is about simple, quality ingredients that are combined with love.
Today the blog has evolved to share more than my beloved Italian food. You can find recipes in the TASTE section from all around, places and faces that I've visited in my TRAVEL section (I'm not always in the kitchen) and things like: gardening, DIY crafts, home improvements and more in the (catch all) KITCHEN SINK tab.
If you're interested in reaching me, drop me an email at paula (@) bellalimento.com or connect with me on TWITTER, FACEBOOK or INSTAGRAM
14 Comments
Is there any way to get rid of the twitter, facebook, etc. symbols on the left side of the recipe that make it a pain to read easily? They cover part of the recipe during scrolling so it takes more time.
Thank you2
Your website is a treasure trove of wonderful memories. We were stationed in Aviano the same time your father was and I believe you know my daughter, Claudia. I would love to see an authentic recipe for aranchini (rice balls).


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Do you remember that movie Kicking and Screaming? I think I lost the dvd in the divorce, but remember it as being about a kids' soccer team and it was cutely funny. Well, let me tell you something, being a soccer mom isn't remotely amusing. Practice three days a week and double-header games that begin at 7:50 on Saturday night are not cutely funny to me at all. As a matter of fact, they're really annoying and inconvenient. Why are 13 year-olds beginning games at 9:20 pm? Is the dome in Latham that heavily scheduled, and if so, shouldn't some thought be given to building another one in addition to the two already in use?
I understand that team sports are a positive influence in my (any) child's life, but I guess I'm a little new to the game. I was pretty active as a kid, yet I don't recall playing on any teams outside of school other than a softball team when I was a teenager – and I walked the 2+ miles to practice and games. Uphill, both ways, naturally. I don't use my own mother as a yardstick for appropriate parental involvement, but don't recall her ever coming to one of my games – or my even anticipating seeing her sitting in the bleachers. It just wasn't expected.
These days, as Griffin follows a 90 minute morning practice with 3 consecutive afternoon/evening games kicking off at 4:40, I wonder how parents with multiple children with multiple activities do it. Do they drive minivans because they actually sleep in them? Is it that the parents have completely yielded their lives to managing their children's lives? I'm sorry, but I'm not interested in doing that. Call me selfish if you will, but 5 hours of soccer leaves me wanting to do a little kicking and screaming of my own. Where are my cleats?


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Petition of the day
The petition of the day is:
E.T. v. Cantil-Sakauye
Docket: 12-56
Issue(s): Whether the abstention doctrine announced in O'Shea v. Littleton requires federal courts to refrain from adjudicating claims under 42 U.S.C. § 1983 whenever it would "intrude" upon state-court administration in any manner, as the court below held in joining the Second and Sixth Circuits, or whether that doctrine requires abstention only when adjudication requires supervising specific state-court events or displacing their "day-to-day operations," as the D.C. and First Circuits have held.
Certiorari stage documents:
Recommended Citation: Ben Cheng, Petition of the day, SCOTUSblog (Sep. 18, 2012, 12:34 AM), https://www.scotusblog.com/2012/09/petition-of-the-day-337/


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New Healthcare market report from Euromonitor International: "Health and Wellness in Poland"
Boston, MA -- (SBWIRE) -- 05/05/2014 -- Current value sales of health and wellness packaged food grew at a slower rate in 2012, compared to the review period CAGR. The slowdown was mainly due to the shrinking purchasing power of a large portion of the Polish population. Many local consumers have been forced to buy cheaper products or give up HW packaged food.
Euromonitor International's Health and Wellness in Poland report tracks the developments of health-associated product types and the healthy-option positioning of competing brands across different food sectors. It provides the latest retail sales data 2009-2013, allowing you to compare health and wellness categories with each other or in the context of the total market for a sector. It identifies the leading companies, the leading brands and offers strategic analysis of key factors influencing the market- be they new product developments, legislative context or lifestyle influences. Forecasts to 2018 illustrate how the market is set to change.
View Full Report Details and Table of Contents
Product coverage: Health and Wellness by Category, Health and Wellness by Prime Positioning, Health and Wellness by Type.
Data coverage: market sizes (historic and forecasts), company shares, brand shares and distribution data.
Reasons to Get This Report
- Get a detailed picture of the Health and Wellness market;
- Pinpoint growth sectors and identify factors driving change;
- Understand the competitive environment, the market's major players and leading brands;
- Use five-year forecasts to assess how the market is predicted to develop.
About Fast Market Research
Fast Market Research is a leading distributor of market research and business information. Representing the world's top research publishers and analysts, we provide quick and easy access to the best competitive intelligence available. Our unbiased, expert staff is always available to help you find the right research to fit your requirements and your budget. For more information about these or related research reports, please visit our website at http://www.fastmr.com or call us at 1.800.844.8156.
Browse all Healthcare research reports at Fast Market Research
You may also be interested in these related reports:
- Health and Wellness in the US
- Health and Wellness in Hong Kong, China
- Health and Wellness in Belgium
- Health and Wellness in Indonesia
- Health and Wellness in Austria
- Health and Wellness in Mexico
- Health and Wellness in South Korea
- Health and Wellness in Hungary
- Health and Wellness in Singapore
- Health and Wellness in Germany


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�Playing soccer and kicking for the football team is not unheard of among high school athletes but very few do both as well Hillsdale sophomore Joe Philipp. Philipp leads the Hornet soccer team in goals and is only seven yards away from booting the longest field goal in school history. He aims to break that record before his days as a Hornet are over. Fortunately for his coaches and Hillsdale fans, he has three years of high school left to try.
Hillsdale Daily News: What's it going to take for the Hornet football team to get a win Friday?
Joe Philipp: I think we have to stop getting so many penalties. If we can execute our plays and get our blocks downfield, I think we will be fine.
HDN: You were always a soccer player. How did you get into kicking�for the football team?
Philipp: I heard that the team needed a kicker. They said, why don't you come to practice and you can try-out for the football team and try and kick.�I had already missed the first game of season against Northwest. I tried out the next Tuesday. Coach Lemerand said, you've got some pretty good kicks, do you want to try and play Friday?
HDN: Last Friday you kicked a 45-yard field goal against Tinora. Was that your longest?
Philipp: Yeah, it was. My goal is to break the school record which is 52 yards. That's the goal I'm looking for.
HDN: How do you plan to get seven more yards?
Philipp: Lifting- getting a stronger kicking leg. A little breeze won't hurt. If I get a 10 mile-per- hour breeze on my back that would be nice. If I hit the sweet spot with a little breeze I think I can reach it.
HDN: Your dad is the soccer coach. Does he ever have a problem with you playing football?
Philipp: He's flexible. He talked with them and said that whenever I'm needed for football kicking, that's fine. I usually go to football practice once a week.
HDN: So how's the soccer team doing?
Philipp: Right now we have two wins, a loss, and a tie. We want to finish over .500. It's been fun year. All our games are pretty close and that's how it's going to be all year. We just have to work hard to get those wins.
HDN: Do you have ambitions to play college sports.
Philipp: Yeah, I do. I haven't decided which yet because I love all sports. Kicking is probably the one I could do in college. I like soccer a lot, too. It's always exciting to think about. Kicking in college would be pretty cool.
HDN: Do you play any other sports?
Philipp: I play basketball. I play golf, too.
HDN: Do you ever want to try your hand at other positions in football?
Philipp: I think it would be fun to try a position once. If I do that, I would have to give up soccer. I started football two or three years ago. Soccer, I've played since I was three or four. I still love soccer. A couple plays would be fun but I'm not willing to give up soccer, at all. I'm happy with kicking for now.
HDN: Is there a difference in kicking a soccer ball compared to a football?
Philipp: It's nothing too huge, but in football you are supposed to lock your knee on contact. In soccer you are supposed to bend your knee. In soccer you think about where you are going to lineup on a penalty kick. In football, on a field goal, my mind just goes blank.
HDN: Would you rather kick a game-winning field goal or a game-winning penalty kick?
Philipp: That's a tough one. Probably I would have to go with the game-winning field goal. There is just something about it that makes it so exciting. You know right away whether or not it's going through the uprights. I'll have to go with the game-winning field goal.
HDN: Do you know anyone else who kicks footballs and soccer balls.
Philipp: I've met some kids at football camps who do it. You can just tell when they come in with soccer cleats. I have a friend at Jackson High School who said he is going to try it.
HDN: A kid from Lumen Christi scored in state championship football game and soccer game. How does that sound?
Philipp: That's crazy. Seriously, that would be pretty cool.
HDN: Anything else you want to say?
Philipp: Gotta get that Hornet victory Friday!
HDN: How's Columbia Central?
Philipp: They'll be good. Every game in our league this season will be tough.
Kickin' it with Joe Philipp
�Playing soccer and kicking for the football team is not unheard of among high school athletes but very few do both as well Hillsdale sophomore Joe Philipp. Philipp leads the Hornet soccer team in goals and is only seven yards away from booting the longest field goal in school history. He aims to break that record before his days as a Hornet are over. Fortunately for his coaches and Hillsdale fans, he has three years of high school left to try.


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Technology and social media related words blink in and out of view in this set of two abstract overlay animations. Supplied with alpha channels these modern looking word clouds are ideal for adding instant, conceptual meaning to your technology or social media productions.
Elements include :
1 x Technology Words clip (broadband, voice, mobile, internet, technology, global, communication, data, information, wireless, e-commerce, video, social network, cloud, blogging, email)
1 x Social Media Words clip (social, connectivity, media, networking,, blogging, online, video, chat, communication, share, like, mobile, technology, global, comment, forum)
The random nature of these clips allow them to be cut, looped and combined at any point in their duration.
For a great Depeche Mode style track to go along with these graphics head on over to : http://audiojungle.net/item/business-loop/104148


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NORTH DARTMOUTH, Mass. -- The University of Massachusetts Dartmouth men's and women's swimming and diving teams paid tribute to their six senior student-athletes prior to the dual-meet with Colby-Sawyer College this afternoon at the Natatorium.
Liliana Eaves (East Providence, R.I.), Kerryn Kane (Arlington, Mass.), Katelyn Kidney (Lynn, Mass.), Christian Francia (Hampton, N.H.), Julian Jimininian (Springfield, Mass.) and Conor Szarek (Leominster, Mass.) all competed in their last collegiate career meet at UMass Dartmouth.
The men's team defeated the Chargers, 164-135, while the women fell by a score of 172-123.
For the Corsairs, sophomore Bryan Baranick (Assonet, Mass.) took home three first place finishes. Baranick touched the wall first in the 1,000 yard freestyle (10:50.60), 200 yard individual medley (2:10.83) and the 100 yard butterfly (57.29).
Robert Muir (Sagamore Beach, Mass.), Phil Lowney (Mattapoisett, Mass.), Michael Gryss (New Bedford, Mass.) and Grayham Ronan (Millis, Mass.) finished the 200 yard relay event with a first place time of 1:46.66. Gryss earned first in the 50 yard butterfly with a time of 26.22 and placed directly behind Baranick in the 100 yard butterfly event.
Lowney won the 200 yard breaststroke with a time of 2:27.68, while Ronan took the top spot in the 200 yard freestyle (1:55.58). Muir finished with a time of 27.52 to defeat the field in the 50 yard backstroke.
Divers Francia and Szarek shined on Senior Day as they took one-two in both the one meter and three meter diving events.
On the women's side, Kidney won both distance freestyle events. In the 500 yard freestyle the senior finished with a first place time of 5:40.34 and in the 1000 yard freestyle event her and Yulyssa Diaz (Dorchester, Mass.) took the top two spots.
Freshman Kayla Flanagan (Fairhaven, Mass.) dominated her opponents in the backstroke events. Flanagan earned top honor in the 50 yard backstroke (30.09) and the 200 yard backstroke (2:19.53).
UMass Dartmouth will return to the pool on Friday, Feb. 14 when the Corsairs compete in the Div.II/III New England Championships at the University of Rhode Island.


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Pets, Pets, Pets
Dogs have been hanging around with us for over 100,000 years. We both can be goofy, but do dogs laugh like us? Recent research says man's best friends do giggle, and that their laugh, a long, loud pant, has a calming effect on other pooches. Since sitcoms have laugh tracks to get viewers to relax and guffaw, why not play canine laugh tracks at animal shelters? This idea, which could alleviate stress and potentially expedite and increase dog adoptions, may not be as farfetched as it sounds.
Dr. Patricia Simonet, an animal behaviorist who began her studies with Asian elephants and the famous Washoe, the first ape to learn American Sign Language, says that during play dogs vocalize using at least 4 different patterns: barks, growls, whines, and the doglaugh, a pronounced breathy exhalationjust like our "Ha, ha, ha" without the vowels. She discovered dog laughter while she watched her Briard play with a friend's Husky. The dogs were lying side by side, pawing at each other while emitting a pant sound, even though they didn't seem to be exerting themselves.(You can hear a sample of the dog-laugh on her website: www.petalk.org.)
In 2001 Simonet isolated the jolly sound from the normal pant by taping her 2 Briards at play, and then taking a parabolic microphone and recorder to the dog park. She noticed that often the dog-laugh is accompanied by the playface, described as a relaxed open mouth, with the corners slightly pulled back. No upper teeth are visible, except maybe the bottom tips of the upper canines. The dog-laugh was also recorded when dogs were playing. When played back to 15 young dogs in an observation room, tapes of the dog-laugh prompted puppies to grab a toy and approach a canine or human play mate.
When Simonet mimicked the sound herself, she got a similar reaction from the pups, but a broadcasted growl got no play response. Interestingly, in a different scientist's 2001 study, humans who whispered in their dog's ear got a better play response than those that just slapped the ground, imitating the canine bow. This could be because the frequencies of a human whisper are similar to the breathy dog-laugh.
Simonet theorized that the dog-laugh could be used to reduce the stress level of shelter dogs. Shelter dogs express stress via barking, lunging, growling, panting, salivating, pacing, and hiding. Dogs who exhibit behaviors like this do not "show" well. They tend to stay at the shelter longer, and are more apt to be labeled "unadoptable" and euthanized. She tested the effects of dog-laugh with teams of observers watching and analyzing behaviors of over 120 dogs at a Spokane shelter on 6 Sundays (when the shelter was closed) under 2 conditionsfirst, the baseline, with no recording and then, the experimental, with the dog-laugh CD playback.
The results showed that the doglaugh recording was calming. When it was played, more shelter dogs approached the front of the cage with the observer present. More dogs were silent and more exhibited play behaviors: the dog-laugh, play-face, and the play-bow. Certain patterns of response related to the dog's age. The puppies (4 to 12 months) offered play-bows and doglaughs. Adult dogs were more likely to respond with a bark or dog-laugh. Dogs between 1 & 2 years old oriented towards the sound in silence, wagging their tails in a medium pace back and forth at mid height. Dogs over 2 pointed themselves toward the sound or the experimenter and assumed the down or sit position.
Many shelters already pipe in music to calm the kennels. Simonet's findings are quite promising. Tapes of the natural dog-laugh may have a greater power to diffuse stress and promote positive social behaviors in shelters. More study is needed. After all, laughter is the best medicine. Maybe it's time to fine tune this prescription for our shelter dogs too, and turn up that "Chuckling Chihuahuas" or "Cackling Collies" CD.
For Adoption: "Jake" the handsome, 10 month Shepherd with Chesapeake Bay retriever overtones #060731 at Oyster Bay Town Shelter (677-5784) Miller Pl., Syosset is a fun loving fellow. He'd love to share some dog-laughs and play-faces with you. He just needs some obedience training. Meanwhile, "Ally", with her paint smudged face, is one of the sweet cats still waiting for a home. She's from the neglected group taken from a collector in Hicksville. See more photos on the Oyster Bay Petfinder site.
More cats from this seizure: "Argo" a black male and "Aspen" a gray male tabbyboth in the lobby cages.
Dogs: "Bell"-#060678a brindle Pit/ Lab mix and "Sheba"# 060735a white Shepherd mix.
Celebrate "National Homeless Animals' Day" by visiting the "Last Hope Cat Center" Open House at 581 W. Jericho Tpke. Huntington on Sat. 8/19 from 12 to 4. Call 631-425-1884. Come find the purrfect cat or kitten. All of the fabulous felines at Last Hope are already spayed/neutered, inoculated, and FeLV/ FIV tested. You might see "Mikey", a former Post poster pet. Last Hope just signed out this gorgeous, declawed, longhaired cream and white kitten from Oyster Bay Shelter to give him a change of venue, and, hopefully, a new home.


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7:00 pm
This Old House "Arlington Italianate Project 2014/Arlington Heights" Arborist Matt Foti does some selective tree pruning, while Richard revisits the benefits of using PEX instead of copper for the water supply lines. Norm tours an 1872 Stick Style home in the neighborhood, and Tom shows Kevin how to convert a former doorjamb into a cased opening. D
7:30 pm
Rick Steves' Europe "Dubrovnik and Balkan Side-Trips" From Dubrovnik, a remarkably preserved medieval fortress city, Rick ventures into less-visited corners of the former Yugoslavia. In Bosnia, he visits Mostar. In Montenegro, he sails the fjord-like Bay of Kotor.G
8:00 pm
Joseph Rosendo's Travelscope "Cruising The Mediterranean" Joseph steps aboard the Regent Seven Seas Mariner for a PTV at sea cruise experience - meeting, greeting and speaking with his public television viewers. Visits ashore include Venice, Croatia, Malta, Sicily and Tuscany.G
8:30 pm
Lidia's Italy In America "Italian Style Steak" Lidia makes Fettuccine with Malfada Sauce, Steak with Pizzaiola Sauce and Ricotta Cookies. Lidia visits the Immigrant Monument in Woldenburg Park of New Orleans, and Tanya takes viewers to explore the impressive collection at the Nelson-Atkins museum in Kansas City. D
9:00 pm
Cook's Country from America's Test Kitchen "Dinner at the Diner" NULL
9:30 pm
Simply Ming "Duff Goldman & Caramel" On this episode of Simply Ming, something we all love-- and a great technique-caramel! And Duff Goldman, the Ace of Cakes, loves it too! So he's joining Ming to work his magic, this week on Simply Ming. D
10:00 pm
Joanne Weir's Cooking Confidence "Gingerly" Joanne introduces her student Ron to the versatility of the often overlooked gingerroot, greeting him with poached shrimp with a mango dipping sauce made with freshly grated ginger. It is then brought together with mussels steamed with mustard greens, lemon grass, and ginger with grilled bread and ginger aioli. Recipes: Shrimp with Mango Dipping Sauce, Mussels Steamed With Mustard Greens, Lemon Grass and Ginger, and Grilled Bread with Ginger Aioli. D
10:30 pm
Rick Steves' Europe "Dubrovnik and Balkan Side-Trips" From Dubrovnik, a remarkably preserved medieval fortress city, Rick ventures into less-visited corners of the former Yugoslavia. In Bosnia, he visits Mostar. In Montenegro, he sails the fjord-like Bay of Kotor.G
11:00 pm
Destinos: An Introduction to Spanish "La Carta (The Letter)" This episode outlines the lesson format and story plot that will be followed in the series with the narrator explaining the three types of Spanish that will be spoken in the series.G
11:30 pm
Destinos: An Introduction to Spanish "El Secreto (The Secret)" This episode continues to introduce basic words and sentences of the Spanish language.G