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My good friend Lynsey from my college days had a beautiful baby girl about 3 months ago and I had the privilege to do her baby announcement. Isn't she so cute?
Wednesday, December 31, 2008
Kaia Noelani
Posted by BBC at 7:01 PM
Labels: Announcements, Babies
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Next Episode of Rail Away is
Rail Away is a series of remarkable railway lines around the world. Each episode covered a route along a number of special locations, the train serves as a guide. Attention is paid to the trains, the landscapes and cultures.
Bob van der Houven(Presenter)
Bert Steinkamp(Presenter)
Paul Cross(Presenter)
Petra van Seventer(Presenter)
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subset: commoncrawl


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We all know that cycling is good for the environment, but we still end up with old, worn-out cycling gear that is destined for the dumpster. We've discovered 6 ways to recycle your old cycling gear – and change it from trash to treasure.
1. Recycling tubes or tires
Tires and tubes are the one part on the bike that you can go through at a rapid rate. Since they are rubber based, recycling is a great option. At every Performance Bicycle location, we have a blue recycling bin where we accept tires and tubes for recycling. We share all of that rubber with Liberty Tire and they use it to make everything from Olympic weights to playground mulch. All you have to do is drop off your used tubes or worn out tires and we'll do the rest.
If you don't live near a Performance location, check with your local auto tire shop. They will often send piles of auto tires in to places like Liberty Tire and may take your bicycle tires and tubes for free. Be considerate though as they often have to pay to have their tires recycled, so asking them to do something for free that they have to pay for is asking them for a real favor.
One more option would be to box up and mail your tires/tubes to someone like Alchemy Goods. Alchemy recycles tires and tubes, turning them into everything from messenger bags and saddle bags to wallets and belts.
2. Passing on the love
The number one way this sport grows is through the generosity of others. We were all new to the sport at one point. Someone showed us how to use clipless pedals, when to signal, how to take over a lane to make a left turn, how to ride in a pace-line, or how to jump over a log. The best thing you can do for the sport of cycling is to take someone under your wing. For example, if you just bought pedals, why not your old pair on to someone who might get into the sport because of your generosity? So, be a cycling advocate and lend a hand to someone in need.
3. Making art
This one's not for everyone. Some people just don't have an eye for it. Still, if you're artistically minded and have used bike parts lying around, why not combine your passion for cycling with your talent for art? We've seen some great examples of Christmas ornaments made out of bicycle chains, picture frames made from old bike parts, bracelets make from old spokes, or wind chimes made out of used chainrings. You don't have to be a top etsy seller to make your mom a special hand-made birthday gift. Just think of the money you save and can justify putting towards new cycling parts!
4. Building bikes for those in need
Most large communities have bicycle co-ops. A bicycle co-op is an organization that recycles old bicycle parts and uses volunteer labor to build bicycles for people in need, often children. Many times they will have a program in place whereby a person in need can volunteer their time and earn themselves a bicycle. Volunteering for a program like this will give you another opportunity to give back to the cycling community and will also present many chances for donating some of your used bike parts. What seems like a worn out crankset to you, could be the missing piece necessary to helping someone without means to build a bike that they can use to get to work.
These organizations are everywhere. Ask your local shop if you can't find one. Maybe your community needs one and you can start one yourself!
5. Metal Recycling
The one other part on your bicycle that you should be replacing with some regularity is your chain. At your nearest Performance Bicycle location, we also accept worn out chains, which we ship to Resource Revival. Resource Revival uses the chains to make all sorts of creative products from bottle openers to award medals. Even if you're not near a Performance retail location, you can still utilize Resource Revival by collecting and mailing chains yourself or helping your local shop collect them. Instructions can be found on the Resource Revival website.
If this isn't a feasible opportunity or if you have more metal than you know what to do with, you might try searching for a local metal recycler. They will often have someone who will pick up piles of old metal from you (frames, wheelsets, etc.) and will haul them off for free.
6. Energy Bar Wrapper Brigade
Our good friends at Clif Bar have partnered with Terracycle to provide an amazing opportunity to recycle used energy bar wrappers. Depending on your rate of consumption, it may take a while before you have enough wrappers saved up, but what about setting up a box in your office? How about bringing a box out to the local group ride and encouraging your friends to save their wrappers for your recycling project. Recycling wrappers can earn you prizes or further charitable causes through Terracycle. Check out the Energy Bar Wrapper Brigade website for more info.
Do you have any other great recycling ideas? Did we miss any of the big ones? Have creative art projects? Share them in the comments section below and let the recycling begin!


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Trey Burke Interviewed on Sportscenter - Still No Decision
Trey is out in LA to receive the Wooden award and was interviewed for about 5 minutes live on Sportscenter. Says decision and announcement will come in the next few days, and that he'll be sitting down with Beilein while they are out in Los Angeles. Obviously a long shot that he stays, but I mean Taylor Lewan?


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Weekly merger, acquisition, deal update: November 2
This week Morrissey Goodale tracked six domestic deals. This brings the total year-to-date deal count in the United States to 152, down slightly from the 154 domestic deals tracked through the same period in 2011. Including the U.S., the total global deal count is now 269, down 8% from the 292 global deals tracked through the same period last year.
For a review of U.S. M&A trends for the first nine months of the year, click here.
M&A Transactions
Global engineering, architecture, design-build, surveying and geospatial solutions firm Merrick & Company (Aurora, CO) acquired leading sustainability consulting firm Energy Ace (Decatur, GA). Since 2002, Energy Ace has been guiding architects, engineers, construction managers, owners and developers in creating and operating energy efficient environments. This acquisition further strengthens Merrick's sustainable services offerings in its target markets of Energy, Sustainable Infrastructure, Life Sciences, National Security and Geospatial Solutions. Morrissey Goodale LLC initiated the transaction and advised Merrick. Link to details
Full-service engineering and environmental services firm Volkert (Mobile, AL) acquired Allied Engineering and Testing (AET) (Fort Myers, FL), a 90-person provider of field and laboratory testing and inspection services related to geotechnical engineering, construction materials testing, construction engineering and inspection, threshold inspection, environmental assessment, and geotechnical, environmental and contract drilling. Featuring 650 employees in 25 offices across 11 states, Volkert provides its services typically to state departments of transportation, federal agencies, local and municipal governments, as well as private industry. Link to details
Multi-discipline engineering, architecture and planning firm CT Consultants (Mentor, OH) acquired the Floyd Browne Group (Delaware, OH), a multi-discipline engineering and planning firm with a particular focus on water and wastewater projects, along with an offering of landscape architecture/planning, environmental and surveying services. Link to details
Diversified energy consulting company ENERCON (Kennesaw, GA) acquired Talisman International (Washington, DC), a high level nuclear regulatory consulting firm specializing in the provision of services to firms addressing complex issues before the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), the NRC Agreement States Program and the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). ENERCON is a 1,350-person firm operating from 22 offices nationwide offering engineering, environmental and management services to clients that include major electric utilities, municipalities, banking and real estate, the federal government and many Fortune 500 companies. Link to details
Wireless deployment and project management company Infinigy Solutions (Atlanta, GA) merged with wireless network infrastructure development and installation provider Legato Corporation(Moreno Valley, CA). Made effective on August 31st, the merger expands the resources of both parties and creates a national presence to provide total turn-key wireless services, including A&E design, site development, construction services, project management, deployment and maintenance of wireless networks. Link to details
International insurance brokerage and risk management services firm Arthur J. Gallagher & Co. (Itasca, IL) announced the acquisition of Aires Consulting Group (Batavia, IL), an architectural and engineering firm providing environmental and engineering, health and safety, building sciences and design and construction consulting services. Aires features a broad client base that include Fortune 100 companies, small businesses, municipalities, state and federal agencies and a market sector portfolio that includes the commercial, industrial, medical, financial, legal, educational, governmental and utility industries. Moving forward, Aires will operate under the Gallagher Bassett Services (GB) Risk Control Consulting Services Division of Arthur J. Gallagher & Co. Link to details


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I've learned a lot about my camera and although I still don't have "the eye" my photos are a lot better than they were. I also muck about with them a bit before I post them, so that's been quite the bonus, learning those skills. I have developed from no image posts to some with images from the web to the fact that now, by far the majority of the images on the blog are photos I've taken myself. Saturday Photo Hunt is great fun and has helped me tremendously to learn more about photography.
But by far the most positive thing to come out of this blog has been the online friendships I've developed over this past year. Four people came out of nowhere to comment on my first post and I'm still in contact with these people. I've developed many online friendships from this blog, some more casual than others but I think that has been the biggest bonus of all. What is so amazing is the variety of ages and nationalities and different interests that I have encountered in these friendships and it illustrates what a global village we are today. I think this is what makes blogging so valuable. It breaks down the normal barriers that separate us so that we find out how much we have in common with each other, how much people are the same, no matter where they live. Only good can come of that.
Now blogging is very hard work, if it's done correctly. It's not only writing your own blog to the best of your ability, but it's visiting other blogs and interacting with those bloggers with your comments and exchanges. In that spirit I joined a small group of bloggers at Blogpower doing just that during the past year and that's been quite the experience.
Blogging takes a lot of time and effort and many things in my life have suffered this past year. Reading has been one of them and it seems that I only read a book a week or every ten days now whereas I read a book every couple of days before, sometimes one in a day. I've only made a couple of small quilts this past year instead of the usual number and my house is a total disaster.
Now a little word about stats. Yes, I check my stats obsessively, just like everyone else. Yes I know that more than 80 per cent of the visitors are google searches for one thing or another. Yes, maybe around twenty five visitors each day are return visitors. But a couple of times I've had huge daily numbers, as when I hosted the Advent edition of the Blogpower round-up. Sadly, I set a new record this week. The first time for over 200 visitors on one day to this blog. All because visitors from Brainhell's comment section came to read my tribute to him. For one day many of his loyal readers came to my site.
But I do want to thank the people who come regularly or intermittently to read this blog and comment, or not. Every one of you is precious to me and you have made this year very special. My family and friends all think I'm crazy with this blogging thing but I know that each and every one of you understands the lure of it all.


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Where do moms turn when they need advice? They turn to other moms, of course!
Our band of crazy, fun, smart, hilarious, empathetic and creative moms offers an online and on-air resource for all things motherhood.
MomsEveryday.com is a source of trending information, reliable information, humor, advice, recipes and mom-tested knowledge...all in one place.
The MomsEveryday Show is a half-hour program featuring Mom panelists from across the country who bring their unique perspectives, personal blends of humor, opinions and been-there-done-that stories, providing reassurance to moms in 55 television markets and growing.
To learn more about our programming and to find local listings contact:
For Sales opportunities contact:
For our Mom Panelists contact:
Julia Campbell
VP of Operations
For contribution information contact:
Karie Bradley
Director of Content


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Special Order: 4-6 Weeks
Important: It is our goal to provide you with a fantastic shopping experience. Please call ahead to confirm availability of an item before visiting your local Great Escape.
A - Seat Depth - 21" / 53cm
B - Seat Height - 19"" / NaNcm
C - Arm Height - 26" / 66cm
- Back filled with blown fibre
- Hardwood, softwood and engineered wood products; all joints pinned & glued for uniformity & strength
- Back: Premium elastic webbing offers consistent suspension for the life of the product
- Seat: Interwoven 100% elastic webbing offers consistent suspension for the life of the product
Wood Frames, Springs or Webbing - ten year warranty
Metal Frames - two year warranty under normal household use
Motion Reclining Mechanisms - seven year warranty
Reclining Chairs, Sofabed Mechanisms and Sofabed Mattresses - two year warranty
Seat Cushion Foam and Fibre-filled Components - five year pro-rated warranty
from Palliser
It's time to turn decision time into FUN time! Your search is over for perfect modular seating, it's all right here in the Rockland Sectional. Custom, affordable fashionable seating made fast, easy and fun.
Selection is imperative and quality is key. That's why we created styles specifically designed with comfort and beauty in mind with 100 luxurious leathers and over 200 fabrics available in fashionable colors and patterns, your customized lifestyle choice has never been easier.
Not Eligible for Free Shipping.


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Oakland Gardens, NY -- (SBWIRE) -- 10/10/2013 -- The Venus Factor System Review, talks about a new program for burning fat by using the body's natural processes. It works by boosting metabolism, providing an effective way to get rid of body fat. Nutrition expert John Barban leads the presentation and explains how women can lose weight and eat the same foods as before.
Click here to download Venus Factor Ebook
Based on Barban's own research into an effective weight loss supplement, the program includes success stories, details on his own experience, and more to maximize its appeal. It also provides information on biological processes, specifically on leptin, a hormone known to burn fat in the body. Many diets tend to slow production, causing people to gain weight rather than lose. Increasing leptin production boosts metabolism and further accelerates fat loss.
These and more are covered, including the tendency for women to be resistant to leptin. Users also get a synopsis of several strategies for losing weight. Tools such as a fat loss blueprint are intended for people who are genetically prone to metabolic problems and weight gain. The system also shows how to reduce food cravings and eat foods conducive to the body working with leptin.
A Go and Get Healthy spokesperson said, "Fat loss has always been a challenge for women, and genetics often go against weight loss strategies. The Venus Factor System review provides information on an individually tailored, natural solution that can work for anyone."
Click here to download Venus Factor Ebook
Participants also have access to a program that works based on their individual dietary and health requirements. They have a week to discover if it works for them, otherwise a money back guarantee kicks in. The program is $9.95 up front; buyers are billed a one time payment of $37.00 if satisfied after day seven.
About Venus Factor
Venus Factor is an effective weight loss program especially designed for women by John Barban who is a known and qualified nutritionist and biologist himself.
Click here to download Venus Factor Ebook


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I Check This Post to Find Out Who to Avoid!
TheFunded.com Advice
Posted by docinventor on 2008-04-11
Tags: TheFunded.com
Of course VCs won't like being rated and held under the microscope- that's their job! I come to "thefunded.com" not to determine the merits of an investor, but instead to see if they are toxic and should be avoieded. This is important information that needs to be posted regardless of how the VCs feel about it. The fact that there is so much "vindictiveness" may be reflective of the malignancy of the industry as a whole and how damaging a lot of VC behavior is to their relationship with entrepreneurs.PRIVATE: Members Only


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When I first saw "multiple of 8 stitches plus 3 for foundation row" written for a stitch pattern, I was ready to put down my crochet hook and take up paint-by-numbers instead — that was the extent of the kind of mathematics I wanted in my hobbies!
There is a lot of fancy-schmancy math terms when it comes to multiples, but I'll only go into enough details to understand what us knitters and crocheters need to know! After all, this is art, not rocket science.
But before we get started, allow me to make one point clear: DON'T FEEL DUMB FOR NOT GETTING THIS WAY BEFORE READING THIS EXPLANATION. You'll soon see it's one those things that is so in-your-face simple, you'll want to slap yourself silly, but just know you are not alone. Also, don't feel alone if you've done this a million times, then one day have a momentary lapse of reason and forget how (like I did last week). They want me to do WHAT?!
A multiple is a number that can be divided by another number without a remainder. That translates to: all we need is a multiplication table or this no-brainer generator.
So are multiples making more sense now? Now on to how they fit in with a foundation row. Let's continue to use "multiple of 8 stitches plus 3" as an example. We've decided on the multiple 16 as the number of stitches for our project. This means the stitch pattern will repeat twice in the row.
When a stitch pattern requires a specific number of multiples, that is because it takes that many stitches to create the design and for it to repeat across the rows. The "add" number is usually the turning chain in crochet. In knitting, the "add" number could simply be an additional knit, purl at the end of the rows to even out the pattern.
Get it now? Doesn't it feel good? If you're still having trouble with multiples, leave a comment and we'll figure it out together!


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Selecting your vehicle's make, model, and year allows us to display only parts and items specific to your car's model and year.
Part# C241066
6 Reviews
OPGI Price: $3.69
Part Type: (R) = Authentic reproduction of the original GM product
Years: 1968-1972
Sold As: EACH
2018 Cutlass/442 Catalog Page: 252
These original style wire harness straps are identical to what was used on the General Motors assembly line. The plastic straps are designed to be looped and snapped into holes on fenderwells or any engine brackets and keep wires out of harm's way.


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Below are some of the measures we have taken to ensure accessibility throughout this website.
Access Keys
Most browsers support the use of access keys. This allows you to jump to specific links on a page using a combination of key presses. In Windows, this you can use access keys by pressing ALT + an access key. On a Macintosh, you can use Control + an access key.
You can use any of the access keys below on all of the pages in this website:
Standards Compliance
- Every page on this website conforms to Level-AA of the W3C Web content accessibility guidelines meeting all Priority 1 and 2 guidlines.
- All pages on this website validate as XHTML 1.0 Transitional.
Visual Design
- All pages on this website uses CSS for layout.
- Only relative font sizes are used in this website. This means that you can resize the text is visual browsers to suite your personal preference.
- If CSS is not supported by your browser, the content of this site is still readable.
- All links on this website use the "title" attribute, offering more detail about the function or destination of each link.
- Where images are used to display information on this website, a text alternative is supplied using the "alt" or "longdesc" attributes. This provides users of non-visual browsers with an explanation of the significance of each image.
Validation Services
For more information about accessibility, visit the W3C.


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Madam Speaker, November 20 is Universal Children's Day, commemorating the UN's adoption of the Declaration of the Rights of the Child in 1959, and the Convention on the Rights of the Child in 1989.
That same year this House voted unanimously to end child poverty. The motion was put forward by our former leader, Ed Broadbent.
Sadly, on this Universal Children's Day, Canadians are realizing that more and more children are slipping into poverty as their families suffer during the economic crisis.
That is why I want to echo the call of UNICEF and the Canadian Association of Social Workers who are celebrating today by calling once again for an independent children's commissioner.
The lack of movement on appointing a children's commissioner, first suggested in 2003, was highlighted by the Canadian Coalition for the Rights of Children in its report to the UN on Canada's progress.
A commissioner would be able to investigate government policies that discriminate against vulnerable groups, like aboriginal children, and measure the impact on children's rights of new legislation. In addition, a commissioner could tell us why, after 22 years, Canada still has made no progress on reducing child poverty.


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How to Tell Your Pet's Age From Its Teeth
Do you know your pet's age? If you adopted your furry friend, his or her age may be a mystery. Fortunately, a quick look in your pet's mouth can help you narrow down a general age range.View Article
You are using an outdated browser. Please upgrade your browser to improve your experience.
New Patient Center
Here you'll find everything you need about College Park Road Veterinary Clinic and how we can help you. We have online forms for everything related to our Ladson veterinarian clinic, and information, including a virtual office tour and what to expect in your visit.


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Steel Magnolias
Steel Magnolias Just as women are flocking now to see Sex and the City: The Movie, females of all ages were bonding to this sentimental 1989 comedy-drama adapted by Robert Harling from a 1987 off-Broadway play. The ensemble cast includes Oscar-winners we might also say divas but only in the best possible terms Sally Field, Shirley MacLaine, Olympia Dukakis and Julia Roberts (who earned her first Oscar nod for her role), as well as Dolly Parton and Daryl Hannah. Set in northwestern Louisiana, the sentimental tale centers around Truvvys (Parton) beauty parlor where all the gal pals meet for gossip and coiffes. Get out your hankies for this one. CBS tried to transform it into a series in 1990 with Cindy Wiliams, Sally Kirkland and Elaine Stritch, but the pilot wasnt picked up.
Copyright © 2019, Los Angeles Times


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Silver-washed Fritillary
This large, powerful butterfly is usually seen flying swiftly over the tops of bracken or low vegetation in woodland clearings. In flight, the males are almost impossible to separate from those of the Dark Green Fritillary, which often share the same habitats. However, both species frequently visit flowers such as thistles and Bramble where it is possible to see their distinctive underside wing markings. The Dark Green lacks the orange ringed 'pearls' on the underside of the hindwing.
The High Brown Fritillary was once widespread in England and Wales but since the 1950s has undergone a dramatic decline. It is now reduced to around 50 sites where conservationists are working to save it from extinction.
Size and Family
- Family: Fritillaries
- Size: Large
- Wing Span Range (male to female): 60-67mm
Conservation status
- Section 41 species of principal importance under the NERC Act in England
- Section 42 species of principal importance under the NERC Act in Wales
- UK BAP: Priority Species
- Butterfly Conservation priority: High
- European status: Not threatened
- Fully protected in Great Britain under the 1981 Wildlife and Countryside Act
Caterpillar Foodplants
Common Dog-violet (Viola riviniana) is used in all habitats, but Hairy Violet (V. hirta) is also used in limestone areas. It may occasionally use Heath Dog-violet (V. canina) and Pale Dog-violet (V. lactea).
Two main habitats are used: Bracken dominated habitats or grass/Bracken mosaics and limestone rock outcrops (usually where scrub or woodland has recently been cleared or coppiced).
- Countries: England and Wales
- Britain's most endangered butterfly, the High Brown has undergone a massive decline, strongholds now remain on Morecambe Bay Limestones, Dartmoor, Exmoor and it is down to a single colony in Wales.
- Distribution Trend Since 1970's = -79%.
High Brown Fritillary - Argynnis adippe
pdf 266.74 KB
Bracken for Butterflies
pdf 265.43 KB


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Denise Spaan is the Field Station Coordinator and Conservation Education Manager for The Little Fireface Project which was set up to help protect the slow loris in Indonesia. We caught up with Denise to ask her more about this fascinating species and the important work being done to conserve it.
How did you get into science / conservation and what do you love most about the work you do? What are the challenges you face?
From a young age I have lived in many countries, including primate range countries such as Ivory Coast and Rwanda. It is there that I developed an interest in animals but was also faced with the reality of poverty. I saw conservation issues up close. At school I was very interested in biology and went on to study zoology as my undergraduate degree. When presented with the option of doing a placement year I jumped at the opportunity to study chimpanzees at a rescue centre in the Netherlands. Whilst there, I was introduced to the welfare issues associated with primate pets and gained an interest in wildlife trade. My final year module of Conservation Biology affirmed what I had seen when I was younger and made me want to become a conservationist. I went on to do a Masters degree at Oxford Brookes University in Primate Conservation. It is there that I developed the skills needed to become a conservationist and primate researcher. It was also there that I was introduced to the plight of the slow loris.
What I love about the work I do is the versatility that it offers. I am involved in all aspects of the work that the Little Fireface Project does in Java. Seeing the children's faces light up when we tell them what we have planned for them that day is extremely rewarding. What I love most is seeing them learn and seeing how, every week, they remember more about the slow loris. My nights in the forest with the lorises fill me with admiration and wonder. Learning about a species is one thing, but then seeing them in the wild is very special.
Challenges come in many forms. Some are small, such as the drinking water tank needing to be refilled (we manage to spill water every time), and others are larger challenges. Recently we found a civet trap on one of the paths used by the lorises. Lorises are very vulnerable to such traps and will get caught in them, and of course we are here to instil love for all the wild animals, meaning the civets too. At moments like that it is important to act fast, deactivate the trap, and think up an appropriate education programme. Within one week we had a volunteer draw some civet colouring pages and we went to talk to the farmers.
Why do you think Arkive is important?
Arkive is a wonderful reference tool for professionals, students, and everyday people with an interest in the world. The information is presented in such a way that is more accessible to a broader audience. Scientists often struggle to present their data to the public so that it can be easily understood. Arkive is a wonderful reference that presents solid scientific facts, beautiful photos, videos, and references. This is a wonderful way to unite scientists and animal-lovers across the globe.
What can people do to help slow lorises?
Slow lorises are often made victims of their own cuteness. Because of their big eyes and soft fur, many people think that they would make a good pet. Many tourists are not aware of the critical state in which lorises exist. Therefore, one of the most important things anyone can do is not to buy a loris in an animal market. By buying a loris you endorse the trade and as most are wild-caught, you thereby endorse taking animals from the wild. Additionally, many lorises are used in the photo prop trade. Please don't have your photo taken with a loris when on holiday in places like Thailand, or buy it thinking you can simply hand it over to a rescue centre – there is always a new one ready to take its place on the streets.
Be a responsible consumer. Products that contain palm oil are some of the biggest contributors to loss of habitat, and therefore loss of species in Southeast Asia. Many people know that this industry has a negative effect on orangutans, but numerous other species, including slow lorises, macaques, langurs, civets and leopards, suffer from this loss of habitat as well. Try and buy products with sustainable palm oil or without palm oil.
People can also support organisations like the Little Fireface Project that work to save lorises. By visiting www.nocturama.org you can see exactly what our project is doing to protect these species. We have an adoption programme for some of our study animals as well as a shop with project t-shirts and other items. Of course, donations are always appreciated. These contributions make a vital difference to what we are able to do in the field to protect these species.
Denise Spaan in West Java, Indonesia


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Council moves lower taxes
Your front page headline "Up, Up, Up" would leave any casual reader with the impression that Monday's city council meeting was going to cost them lots of money. Here are the facts:
1. The majority of rates were unchanged and a few even decreased.
2. Few of those rates increased affect the average resident. The only rate we touched which most people pay is the water portion of the water/sewer bill. After no change last year, we raised it by a small amount this year for one reason: It was required by the USDA to qualify us for grants and loans to replace our 80-year-old water line. These grants and low-interest loans will save every water customer thousands of dollars over coming years.
3. Other rates, such as the ambulance and planning rates cited, were adjusted because of standing city council policy that users of these services should pay the true cost of providing those services. If the insurance company pays less than the true cost of an ambulance ride, the difference comes out of your city tax dollar. I'd rather see my tax dollar pay for public safety or parks instead of subsidizing development or ambulance rates.
4. This article would have been a great time for the Hood River News to share the good news that based on a city council recommendation taxpayers will see a reduction of the city portion of their property tax bill this year. The mill rate for city purposes should drop by about 90 cents per thousand from last year, saving the average homeowner about $150.
Bottom line: Actions in the past few weeks by your city council will actually reduce your payments for city services this year, with even bigger savings in the long term. I know cynical jabs at government spending are fashionable, but this city council doesn't deserve it.
Mayor Arthur Babitz
Hood River
Give to support fireworks
Again, as in the past years, the Eyeopener Lions of Hood River are sponsoring the fireworks display for the Fourth.
We are a small club. We depend on donations from the community in order to support this activity.
If you wish to donate, you may mail donations to:
Eyeopener Lions
1767 12th St., #136
Hood River, OR 97031
Donations can also be made at the Eyeopener Lions fireworks stand located in front of Rite Aid, in Cascade Commons. Fireworks can also be purchased. These contribute to the continued expenses of the Eyeopener Lions, and help with the expenses of July 4.
If we can achieve a donation of only $5 per family then this tradition can continue.
Many businesses have contributed. Donations will be requested during the parade on the Fourth.
We do need to be able to plan for the future. We would like to have donations being made prior to the event.
Remember: This activity is a community activity and depends on community support.
Thanks for the continued support of the community.
We will have walkers asking for donations during the parade. In the past this has helped considerably with our expenses. Please donate during the parade!
Leonard Hickman
Eyeopener Lions
Hood River
by council
Last night (Monday, June 27) the Cascade Locks City Council voted in its budget for the new year; they cut the funding for the fire chief's wages by nearly 40 percent. As predicted by the citizens, and already planned and expected from the council, our chief resigned, leaving Cascade Locks without a paramedic and leadership in a key position.
This is just the latest loss suffered by the city that can be attributed to this six-month-old council.
First a city administrator resigned and was replaced by an interim administrator at a higher wage. The city planner also resigned, again replaced by someone at a higher wage. The superintendent of public works was replaced by an out-of-state, part-time person, also at a higher per hour rate.
The city attorney is no longer with us and needs to be replaced. There is now a search under way for a full-time city administrator; the final six candidates are from Alaska and the east part of the country - apparently no one qualified in Oregon was interested.
In less than a year the personnel infrastructure of our city has been decimated; the council won't listen to the citizens who generated a letter with more than 110 signatures requesting full funding of the fire and ambulance department.
Just to compound the problems, council also cut the budgeted amount for staff by 10 percent.
Actions have consequences; in this case it will probably be a recall of those council persons who contributed to this mess.
Rob Brostoff
Cascade Locks
Library's books
I love books and more importantly, the library. I'm very glad you are opening again.
My favorite book is "Ruby, the Red Fairy." I'm glad I have my dad to read my favorite book to me.
Zan Lapp
Ridiculous decision
Shame on the city council for approving a 40 percent rate increase for basic life support ambulance transport services.
I am fully aware of the rising cost of fuel and other commodities we all need and use. As part owner of a small business, I am also aware that if we raised our rates 40 percent to compensate for these expenses, we would be out of business.
It is rate increases such as this that partly explain the rising cost of my medical insurance premium, as well.
Ridiculous decision on the part of the council!
Angie Green
Fair taxation
Thank you, Anne. Vance, for acknowledging how important taxes are for running the government (Our Readers Write, June 29). Unfortunately we are not even close to an equal playing field.
There is a push now within our country for a flat tax by many Libertarians seeking equal taxation to achieve the fairness you suggest. According to which website you search, it appears that up to 50 percent of tax filers ultimately pay absolutely no taxes and many receive money back.
My wife has been told in firsthand accounts about people receiving IRS checks for "several thousand dollars." I have used TurboTax for several years and this never happens to us.
Meanwhile, some still manage to have the latest iPhone while their kids sometimes have the best gaming systems. We work full-time and we have none of these things.
Fairness is such a tough thing to consider when you look at all the variables. Business owners deserve to be rewarded for putting in 12-14-hour days to earn a living. Workers also need a fair deal when it comes to keeping some of their hard-earned money.
No one likes to look at the other side of the spectrum because it isn't politically correct to mention. As a liberal I want everyone to succeed; and given the right tools and motivation, many do.
Conservatives do have a point when they disagree with the degree to which some are granted immunity from responsibility and hard work. It isn't much of a stretch to see why they wouldn't want their taxes paying for someone else's child to have an iPhone.
We have to get past the emotion when we discuss these issues if we have any hope of resolving them. Being able to step back and see the big picture is only possible when we all fill in our trenches and put away the weapons. Thanks for listening.
Steve Kaplan
Hood River
Doing the
right thing?
Once again, as eternally "usual," summer and the dreaded Fourth of July hits us "with a bang."
Hey, don't get me wrong: Independence Day with its picnics, parades and other wholesome family stuff is really great. And quite possibly some of us "oldies" might even know what we are celebrating.
But, as recently as (wow) last week, the HR News ran feature articles about the injuries that happen "this time of the year." Fire Chief Devon (Wells) talked about the brush fires, homes lost and a variety of missing body parts from the under-20 crowd. Julie (Raefield-Gobbo) gave us a safety lesson on what to do if our clothes catch on fire. Good stuff under the circumstances.
And Kirby (Neumann-Rea), your front page of June 29 had a headline article that read "tossed firework causes first brush fire" - from a moving car yet. Cute! Home-grown terrorist or just a kid having fun?
And Russ (Paddock), we've been buds for 65 years and I admire you for what you do for our community and for your "Flying Kids." But don't you think that the 10 or 12 grand that we spend on the 30-minute fireworks show might be better spent on educating our kids on what Independence Day really means?
Perhaps the purveyors of these "bang-up" devices could offer a small civics questionnaire to potential customers before they could qualify for purchasing these explosives. As in (1) where was the Declaration of Independence signed? (2) Where is (hint-hint) Independence Hall located; (3) Name 3 people who (hint-hint) put their John Hancock on the Declaration of Independence. Maybe even "What year was the Declaration signed?" or (gasp) what was the Declaration declaring?
Please, folks; I'm not being critical of human nature (I mean blowing up stuff is fun and we all like fun) but the spirit of '76 will live on if we educate our kids about the historical significance of the event rather than how much fun it is to blow stuff up.
And thank God we have had a wet spring. The "Birdland Park" immediately to the west and windward side of my home on Eugene street is not the tinder that it was a few years ago when the fire department (God bless them) was called to extinguish a blaze there that was set by a rocket that came from some reveling teenagers celebrating on a porch just above my home.
Whew! Close call!
Come on, folks. Just think about it: Are we doing the right thing?
Phil Jensen
Hood River
Misleading percentages
I am referring to the article regarding the increase in basic ambulance transport rate.
I find it difficult to believe that increasing a rate from $900 to $1,500 is actually an increase of 40 percent. This increase is actually 66 2/3 percent.
In order to come to a 40 percent rate the increase has to be figured as a percentage of the new rate: 40 percent of $1,500 is equal to $600.
In retail, this is the result of computing new prices as a percentage of the new price. This results in a lower percentage, useful as propaganda, but, in effect, resulting in a higher price.
Example: 40 percent of $900 would result in an increase of $360 for a net price of $1,260.
Next, what records are necessary to document that these increased parking fees are actually spent at the Library Park?
I doubt that the increased fees will cover the costs of documenting where this increase came from. In other words, how do we justify charging a higher rate at specific locations if we cannot document that these fees were spent at that locale?
Leonard Hickman
Hood River
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Florentijn Hofman, mostly known for her interactive, cutsey and giant sculptures of children's toys (ie. Rubber Duck, Max), has created Sunbathing Hare, another eye-catching and adorable installation for everyone to find their inner child with, yet again. It was taken down yesterday Oct.13th, 2013 as it was part of the Netherlands Bilateral Year and the Russian public arts program and was only allowed to be on site for a few months.
With outstretched arms, the over-sized lazy creature suggests a lazy, happy pose, as it lays on the green grass of Hare Island near the St. Peter and St. Paul Fortress in St. Petersburg, Russia. It has contagious vibe; people lie and sit next to it with intentions to relax and forget about their problems for a moment.
Sunbathing Hare measured 15 meters long by 8 meters wide and 2.5 meters high. It was made out of plywood boards, a pink painted nose, eyes, and smile with a touch of charm and humorousness. (via designboom)
"My sculptures cause an uproar, astonishment and put a smile on your face. They give people a break from their daily routines. Passers-by stop in front of them, get off their bicycle and enter into conversation with other spectators. People are making contact with each other again. That is the effect of my sculptures in the public domain."


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Launch Configurations
Most users of Wing will use the project-wide environment for debugging, executing, and testing code.
In some cases, multiple environments are needed in the same project, for example to run unit tests in different environments, or to set a different environment for specific entry points. To support this, launch configurations can be managed from the Project > Launch Configurations menu item. This manager is initially empty. Right click to create, edit, duplicate, or delete launch configurations.
Once defined, launch configurations can be referenced from per-file properties under the Debug/Execute and Testing tabs, and in the creation of named entry points.
Launch configurations contain the following properties, as organized under the Environment and Python tabs in the launch configuration properties dialog:
Python Executable -- When the Custom radio button is checked and the entered field is non-blank, this can be used to set the full path to the Python executable that should be used when debugging source code in this project. When Use default is selected, Wing uses the project configuration.
In Wing Pro, this field contains an additional option to select a configured remote host, so that the Python Executable used will be one that is running on that host. When this is done, the launch configuration will only be usable with files that are also stored on that remote host. See Remote Hosts for details.
Python Path -- The PYTHONPATH is used by Python to locate modules that are imported at runtime with the import statement. By default this uses the project setting. When the Use default checkbox selected, the inherited PYTHONPATH environment variable is used. Otherwise, when Custom is selected, the specified PYTHONPATH is used.
Python Options -- This is used to select the command line options sent to the Python interpreter while debugging. The default of -u sets Python into unbuffered I/O mode, which ensures that the debug process output, including prompts shown for keyboard input, will appear in a timely fashion.
Run Arguments -- Enter any run arguments here. Wing does not interpret backslashes ('') on the command line and passes them unchanged to the sub-process. The only exceptions to this rule are \' and \" (backslash followed by single or double quote), which allow inclusion of quotes inside quoted multi-word arguments.
Initial Directory -- Specifies the initial working directory. By default this uses the initial directory specified by the project-wide environment. When the Use default radio button is checked, the initial working directory will instead be the directory where the launched file is located. When Custom is selected, the specified directory is used instead (use $(WING:PROJECT_DIR) for the project's directory).
Environment -- This is used to specify values that should be added, modified, or removed from the environment. Each entry is in var=value form and must be specified one per line in the provided entry area. An entry in the form var= (without a value) will remove the given variable so it is undefined. The popup selector is used to choose the environment to modify: Either the startup environment seen when Wing was first started, or the Project-defined environment. When Use project values or Use inherited environment is chosen, any entered values are ignored and the selected environment is used without changes. Note that the environment inherited by Wing may differ on OS X according to whether you launched Wing from the command line or with the Finder.
Build Command -- This command will be executed before launching a subprocess with this launch configurations. This is useful to make sure that C/C++ extension modules are built, for example in conjunction with an external Makefile or distutils script, before execution is started. The build is configured through and takes place in the OS Commands tool.
For all of these, environment variable references may be used, as described in Environment Variable Expansion.
Shared Launch Configurations
By default each launch configuration is stored in the project file. In the launch configuration manager dialog, the Shared checkbox can be selected to cause Wing to store that launch configuration in the User Settings Directory instead, in a file named launch. Those launch configurations are then accessible from all projects.
Working on Different Machines or OSes
When the Shared checkbox is selected for a launch configuration, or when shared projects are used, it is necessary to design launch configurations carefully so that they will work across projects, machines, or operating systems.
For example, specifying a full path in the Python Path may not work on a different OS. The key to making this work is to use environment variable references in the form ${VARNAME} as described in Environment Variable Expansion. The referenced environment variables can be special environment variables defined by Wing, such as WING:PROJECT_DIR, or user-defined values that are set either system-wide, or in Project Properties. Note that values set in Environment in Project Properties are by default not stored in the shared project file, so those may vary on each development machine if desired.
A common example in configuring Python Path is to replace a full path like /Users/myname/src/project/src with ${WING:PROJECT_DIR}/src (this assumes you store the project in /Users/myname/src/project). In general, working of the project's location is a good approach to maintaining some independence from differences on different development machines and OSes.
To make file paths work across OSes, use forward slashes instead of back slashes. The character sequence .. can be used to move up a directory on all OSes, as for example in {WING:PROJECT_DIR}/../libs/src.


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Do you think that the people who protect pedophiles like in the case with Jerry Sandusky are guilty of a crime, too? Or what about teachers unions who fight for those individuals to keep their jobs?
In a recent article, The Wall Street Journal writer, Campbell Brown, writes that teachers unions in New York City don't do enough, that "believing that they are helping the cause of teachers by being weak on sexual predators--[the unions] prefer suspensions and fines, and not dismissal." Compare this same behavior in the business workplace she writes and "there would be zero tolerance."
Jerry Sandusky abused children for decades. The leaders at Penn State hid Sandusky's crime. Now the school and those individuals are facing consequences for their failure to protect children.
Isn't this the same thing as teachers who are protected by anyone - union or other leaders?
Just like the Sandusky case, I believe that failure to protect children because you're trying to keep adults safe and employed, is a crime and should be punished. After all, school counselors and teachers are already required by law to report suspected abuse if a child tells them about it.
At the very least, the pedophiles themselves should be held responsible immediately and severely. But, that isn't happening. And it didn't happen in this story reported in the NY Post and in this horrific story from California. Years of abuse could have been prevented if people around, and in leadership, had acted to protect the children and not the adults.
I believe it's our moral obligation as citizens of the world to protect children. (Whether you're a big football school or a teacher's union in New York City.)
Isn't it our responsibility as citizens of this country?


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This is a lesson about how magnetism causes solar flares. Learners will set up an electrical circuit with magnets to examine magnetic fields and their similarities to magnetic fields seen on the Sun. Learners should have a conceptual understanding... (View More) of magnetism prior to exploring this lesson. This activity requires special materials including a galvanometer, copper wire, and sandpaper. This is Activity 2 in the Exploring Magnetism in Solar Flares teachers guide. (View Less)
This is a lesson about magnetism in solar flares. Learners will map magnetic fields around bar magnets and investigate how this configuration relates to magnetic fields of sunspots. This activity requires compasses, bar magnets, and a equipment for... (View More) the instructor to project a PowerPoint or pdf lecture presentation. This is Activity 1 in the Exploring Magnetism in Solar Flares teachers guide. (View Less)


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What is a one-pot meth lab?
SULLIVAN COUNTY, Tenn. - The method in which meth is made is changing -- investigators say major meth labs are a thing of the past.
However, they say operations are now becoming mobile. The dangerous drug is now being found inside of plastic bottles.
But how do you know what a one-pot meth lab looks like? We caught up with law enforcement to find out more on how dangerous this drug can be if you don't know what you're handling.
It's quick, easy, and dangerous; the scary thing is there's essentially just a thin layer of plastic between these chemicals and an explosion.
"Amber" is serving time at the Sullivan County Jail; she didn't want to give her full name or show her face because of safety reasons. She says for nearly three months she experimented with making meth by the one-pot method. "I've had three fires. The last fire I got burnt," said Amber.
Officials say they almost exclusively discover meth labs cooked by the one-pot method, but what exactly is a one-pot-meth-lab? "Basically it's just a bottle filled with chemicals, it's used to make meth. Some people use Powerade bottles, Gatorade bottles or any type of soda bottle," said Leslie Earhart with the Sullivan County Sheriff's Office.
We learned, sadly, you can find these bottles anywhere: front yards, ditches, even in the car parked next to you.
Officials say the one-pot meth labs are extremely dangerous because the chemicals could explode at any moment. "If you come across a Gatorade bottle and it has a white residue inside of it that could potentially be a bottle that was used to make meth, so that's one sign. Also a strong chemical odor," added Earhart.
Investigators warn to never handle these bottles because the chemicals could burn your skin and should be treated like a bomb. They say to always call police before you pick one up.
For Amber, she has a scar on her ankle from the last time she says she made meth. "It's a reminder of the experience and this is something I don't want to do again," she told us.
Another interesting fact -- when meth is discovered inside a room or home it's quarantined for some time. That's because the chemicals can seep into the walls and still be very dangerous.
Crews with the meth task force first have to come in to clean, and then the area must be tested by a professional before it's deemed safe.


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Certificate Program Description
Students in this program will be trained to be group
exercise leaders and personal trainers. Students
will learn the principles of exercise and physical
conditioning, techniques of leading individual and
group exercise classes, appropriate methods to
establishing healthy behavior and the designing of
personalized exercise prescriptions. They will be able
to develop safe, effective exercise plans for a variety
of clients.
Program Emphasis
The Fitness Specialist certificate program trains
students for positions, entry-level or higher, in the
growing fitness industry.
Career Options
Graduates will be qualified to be exercise testing
technicians, fitness instructors, strength training
instructors, aerobic instructors, and personal fitness
The fitness industry continued to experience growth
and has an ongoing need for trained instructors and
trainers in health clubs, fitness centers, and sports
medicine clinics.
Please note that students enrolled in an occupational
program must earn a grade of "C" or better in courses
required for the major.
The Associate in Arts in Kinesiology for Transfer
Degree is intended for students who plan to
complete a bachelor's degree in Kinesiology or
a related major in the California State University
(CSU) system. It is accepted by some but not all
CSU campuses. Students who complete this degree
and transfer to a participating CSU campus will be
required to complete no more than 60 units after
transfer to earn a bachelor's degree. It may not be
appropriate preparation for students transferring
to a CSU campus that does not accept the degree.
Students who plan to complete this degree should
consult a counselor for additional information about
participating CSU campuses as well as university
admission, degree and transfer requirements.
NOTE: Students intending to transfer into this major
at any CSU should consult with a counselor and visit
www.assist.org for guidance on appropriate transfer
General Education: In addition to the courses listed
above, students must complete one of the following
general education options:


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- full detail
Architecture, the Built Environment, and Religion in America
Peter W. Williams
The development of religious architecture in what is now the United States is tied closely to continuing immigration and the development both of de facto and de jure religious pluralism. Prior to the arrival of Europeans, seminomadic Native Americans built temporary structures, while those farther south erected more permanent temples, most notably those of the Aztecs in Mexico. Spanish settlers in what is now the U.S. Sunbelt built mission chapels, with those in California incorporating a mixture of styles and building techniques derived from Spanish, Moorish, and indigenous traditions. Puritans in New England and Quakers in Pennsylvania erected meeting houses, architecturally simple structures based on secular models and eschewing the notion of "sacred space." Anglicans from Boston to Charleston imported English neo-classical models devised by Sir Christopher Wren and Sir James Gibbs in the mother country, devised to accommodate Anglican sacramental worship. Later classical styles, especially the Roman and Greek revivals, reflected the republican ethos of the New Republic and were adopted by a whole range of religious traditions including Catholics and Jews. Urbanization and enhanced immigration following the Civil War saw adaptations by Protestants, including auditoriums, institutional churches, and the Akron Plan; by Jews, who invented a new, eclectic style for synagogues and temples; by Anglicans, who revived English Gothic traditions for churches and cathedrals; and by Roman Catholics, who turned to Continental Gothic for their inspiration. Mormon temples, beginning in Salt Lake City, took on new forms after that faith spread across the nation. During the post-WWII era, the colonial revival style became popular, especially in the South, reflecting patriotic and regional values. Following the immigration reform of 1965, waves of newcomers from Asia and the Middle East brought their traditional mosques and temples, often considerably modified for worship in the diaspora. Religious architecture, like the nation at large, has reflected an ongoing process of change, adapting old forms and inventing new ones to accommodate changing demographics, settlement patterns, and the necessities of living in a pluralistic society where religion is protected but not supported by the government.
The Common Core Thesis in the Study of Mysticism
Ralph W. Hood Jr.
The common core thesis contends that mystical experience is an ultimate non-sensuous experience of unity of all things. It can be identified within major faith traditions, whether explicitly religious or not. Its roots are in the work of William James who explored mystical experience outside the limits imposed by what he perceived as only a provisional natural science assumption of the newly emerging discipline of empirical psychology. Following the explicit phenomenological work of Walter Stace, the phenomenology of a universal core to mystical experience has been operationalized and an explicit psychometric measure developed to allow empirical assessment of the claim to a common core to mysticism. It is the linkage of psychometric approaches to the work of James and Stace that is now known explicitly as the common core thesis. The common core thesis needs to be delineated from the perennialist thesis popularized by Aldous Huxley in which there is postulated not only a common core experience, but also values and practices claimed to be associated with this experience if not directly derived from it. Psychometric and empirical evidence for the common core thesis is substantial and continues to accumulate. The common core thesis is restricted to mystical experience and assumes that this experience seeks to express itself in various faith traditions, whether religious or not, but is not restricted to or defined adequately by the culture or language with which this experience is interpreted. Unlike the perennialist thesis, the common core thesis does not assume that any common theology, philosophy, or practice necessarily follows from mystical experience.
The Comparative Study of Mysticism
Michael Stoeber
The comparative study of mysticism began in the mid-19th century, with the development of the modern meaning of the word, which had begun to be used as a substantive, with the classification of "mystics" in the 17th century. This differed from the traditional Greek Christian use of the adjective mystikos, to qualify rituals, scriptures, sacraments, and theology as "mystical" contexts of the human encounter with the Divine. This modern shift highlighted the personal experience of ultimate Reality, rather than the sociocultural context. Certain individuals claimed to encounter the Divine or spiritual realities more directly, separate from traditional mediums of religious experience. The study of this phenomenon tended in the early 20th century to focus on the psychology and the phenomenology of the personal experience, generally described as an altered state of consciousness with specific characteristics, processes, stages, effects, and stimulants. This emphasis on common features influenced the development of perennialist and traditionalist theorists, who saw evidence of the same experiential origin, fundamental principles, or epistemology among major world religions. Some essentialist views of mysticism argued that a pure consciousness-experience of undifferentiated unity or non-duality is the core feature of all mysticism, in contrast to other religious experiences. Reaction to these positions led to contextualist or constructivist views of mysticism, which presume the sociocultural character of mysticism. In its most extreme form, the contextualist perspective suggests that all mystical experiences among traditions are different, given diverse socio-religious categories that overdetermine the experience. In turn, some critical scholarship has proposed qualifications to contextualism within the context of a general acceptance of many of its tenets, even among many theorists with essentialist tendencies.
Up to the late 20th century, much scholarship in the area tended to downplay the sociocultural features of mysticism, emphasizing the psychological dynamics and an individual, disembodied, and radically transcendent ideal. This brought into question the relationship of morality to mystical experience and raised concerns about the status of entheogens—the use of psychoactive drugs in religious contexts. Interest in the comparative study of mysticism has also extended into the area of neuroscience, where researchers explore electro-chemical brain states associated with mystical experience, in proposing evidence of a mystical neurological substrate. But the essentialist/contextualist debate also moved the comparative study of mysticism beyond issues of epistemology, consciousness-states, ontology, and cognitive neuroscience, broadening the field to include other aspects of religious experience. Some studies have brought feminist concerns to bear on the discussion, insofar as women's mysticism has been overshadowed and even repressed by men, and was seen to preclude legitimate experiential possibilities of a more embodied character. Related scholarship in history and depth psychology has focused creatively on the nature and significance of erotic elements of mysticism in comparative studies, with special attention to associated physical phenomena and their transformative dynamics. Similarly, more embodied features of comparative mysticism are the subject of transpersonal psychology, which draws on many humanistic disciplines and supports participatory approaches to the field. Transpersonal psychology remains open to claims that the ego can be transcended in movements into higher states of being that ideally involve personal/spiritual enhancement and integration. Also, some more recent proponents of new comparative theology advocate methods that engage the scholar in specific beliefs or practices of another tradition, and include subsequent clarification and elaboration of one's own perspective in light of such comparative study, in exploring phenomena related to comparative mystical experience.
Denomination in American Public Life
Russell E. Richey
A voluntary religious community and ecclesial creation of modernity, the denomination emerged alongside of and along with the political party, the free press, and free enterprise. By 1702 it acquired its modern religious meaning with the establishment of the "body of the Dissenting Ministers of the Three Denominations in and about the City of London." The 17th-century experiences with religious conflict, revolution, and regicide had led England in its Glorious Revolution to reestablish the Church of England but pass the Act of Toleration. Thus began a century of identifying denominations, of experimentation in Britain and the colonies with (Protestant) religious pluralism, of defining prerogatives and limitations (for the Dissenters or Nonconformists—Presbyterians, Congregationalists, Baptists, and Quakers), of political jockeying between Whigs and Tories, and of exchanges of ideas through magazines, newspapers, and coffeehouses. So denominationalism emerged and defined itself in the Age of Enlightenment, John Locke voicing ideals and proposing policies that would be tested in the American colonies and gradually become normative in the new nation. Where existent beyond the United States and Britain, governments and social customs have provided some measure of religious freedom, permitted denominational pluralism, and controlled for conflict and repression.
The denomination, then, is a voluntary religious community. As voluntary, it needs legally established or de facto toleration and religious freedom. In such an environment and as a voluntary or elective religious community, the denomination creates and sustains its membership. Adherents join, belong, bring in family (children), move to another of the same, or perhaps quit. Thus, the denomination needs "space" to exist (alongside or outside of any religious establishment if such persists). As voluntary, a denomination should and often does recognize the authenticity of other religions/churches even as it claims its own. It often does not concede that authenticity indiscriminately or fully.
As religious, the voluntary community construes itself and claims to be a legitimate and self-sufficient, proper Christian church, Jewish denomination, or other world faith. The denomination functions with a sense of itself as located within time; knows its own boundaries, origins, history, and drama; and acknowledges awareness of its relation to its own longer religious tradition. Claiming its rightful place within the religious realm of the society, the denomination differs from movement, sect, and other "cause" impulses. As a community, the denomination is an organized religious movement. With its own, often distinctive polity, it intends its self-perpetuation, expects supportive efforts from leaders and people, labors to attract and retain members, funds its operations, aligns itself politically and socially with kindred movements, and determines how best to face various American publics. As such, the denomination provides its members self-designation, identity, agenda, calendar, place in American politics, societal locale, historical narrative, internal ordering, and religious affiliation. To some observers, the denomination is taboo or curse.
Their public outreach and self-understandings have led denominations to function in different ways in the American environment (as have political parties, the press, and commerce). Successively, denominations have served as affinity groups, missionary societies, confessional bodies, corporate organizations, campaign causes, and electronic communities. In these several forms and with the above characterization, the denomination differentiates itself from reform impulses that may take similar structural form but construe themselves as belonging within a religion; from an established church, which does not regard itself as voluntary or as sharing societal space with other legitimate religious bodies; and from the sect, which, though also voluntary, does not locate itself easily in time or recognize boundaries or tolerate other bodies or concede their authenticity.
Emotion in American Religions
John Corrigan
Emotion is an important part of religions in America. There is great diversity among emotional styles. Some groups are highly emotional, others relatively low in emotional expression, and some occupy a middle ground. Religious life is characterized by cultivation and expression of many emotions. Four that are of particular importance for Americans are wonder, empathy, anticipation, and the feeling of emptiness. Some emotions are treated as commodities. The study of emotion in religion enables fresh perspectives on the interwovenness of emotion, religion, and culture. The investigation of the emotional lives of religious persons in America can be advanced through study of persons' reporting of their experiences alongside research bearing on cultural expectations for emotional life.
Erotic Representations of the Divine
Yudit Kornberg Greenberg
Erotic representations of the divine occupy a pivotal place in religious myths, poetry, liturgy, and theology. Reading eros as a category of religious love highlights its ubiquitous presence in sacred literary sources; moreover, it renders the nexus of erotic love and the divine critical to comprehending religiosity as an immanent and embodied phenomenon, rather than as an abstract idea. As an embodied phenomenon, religious love is subject to an investigation of topics such as gender and sexuality, and its multiple cultural meanings and contexts. Western philosophers such as Plato, Aristotle, (Pseudo-)Dionysius, and the Neoplatonist renaissance thinker Leone Ebreo, delineate a hierarchy or a "ladder of love" differentiating lesser and higher subjects and objects of love from love of the particular, to the universal, cosmic, and divine. An interrelated distinction is ascertained between "desire" as a state of lack often seen as a lower state, and "love" as the higher state, in which fulfillment and joy of the union with the object of one's love is achieved. Love and desire as marked yet interrelated emotions are contextualized in religious phenomena cross-culturally, most obviously in theistic frameworks in which a personal and intimate relationship with the divine is an ideal. Poetry and autobiography are the most common genre of depicting the intimate and passionate encounter of human and divine. Despite the prominence of male voices in the sources, the contributions of medieval Christian and Muslim women mystics to this literature are significant. Key base-texts from which mystics and philosophers are inspired and draw upon to elucidate their own personal experience of yearning for the divine, include the biblical Song of Songs, Bhagavata Purana (Book 10), and the Gitagovinda. Although the yearning for the divine, associated with an emotional, embodied state and therefore seen as problematic from a rational perspective, this yearning is also a cherished state, even for rationalists such as the medieval Jewish thinker Moses Maimonides. The significance of erotic love for the divine is confirmed, not only by Sufi and Hindu bhakti poets such as Rumi and Jayadeva, but also by philosophers such as Ibn Arabi and Rupa-Goswami. The idiom of erotic desire and love for God is particularly poignant and integral not only in poetry but also in theology, as exemplified in Hindu bhakti and Christian theology. Exploring the meanings of erotic love in religious poetry, theology, liturgy, and the history of religion more broadly offers a rich scholarly and personal medium for contemplating the reality of human and divine nature.
Film and Religion in America
Eric Michael Mazur
Religion intersects with film not only in film content, but also in the production and experience of film. From the earliest period, religious attitudes have shaped how religious individuals and communities have approached filmmaking as way to present temptation or salvation to the masses. Individual religious communities have produced their own films or have sought to monitor those that have been mass produced. To avoid conflict, filmmakers voluntarily agreed to self-monitoring, which had the effect of strongly shaping how religious figures and issues were presented. The demise of this system of self-regulation reintroduced conflict over film content as it expanded the ways in which religious figures and issues were presented, but it also shifted attention away from the religious identity of the filmmakers. Built on a foundation of "reading" symbolism in "art" films, and drawing from various forms of myth—the savior, the end of the world, and others—audiences became more comfortable finding in films religious symbolism that was not specifically associated with a specific religious community. Shifts in American religious demographics due to immigration, combined with the advent of the videocassette and the expansion of global capitalism, broadened (and improved) the representation of non-Christian religious themes and issues, and has resulted in the narrative use of non-Christian myths. Experimentation with sound and image has broadened the religious aspect of the film experience and made it possible for the viewing of film to replicate for some a religious experience. Others have broadened the film-viewing experience into a religious system. While traditional film continues to present traditional religions in traditional ways, technology has radically individualized audio-visual production, delivery, and experience, making film, like religion, and increasingly individualized phenomenon.
Homa: Tantric Fire Ritual
Richard K. Payne
The homa is a votive offering involving the construction of a fire in a hearth-altar, and the immolation of offerings in the fire. The altar is homologized with a mandala, and as with other ritual uses of mandalas, the deity evoked in the course of the ritual is located at the mandala's center, and in this case identified with the fire itself. As a tantric ritual, the practitioner is also ritually identified with both the deity and the fire, and the offerings made into the fire are the spiritual obstacles that impede the practitioner from full awakening. Tantric homas are generally categorized according to different functions or goals, such as protection, subduing adversaries, and so on. As a form of individual practice conducive to awakening, the practitioner's own inherent wisdom is identified with the fire, and just as the offerings are transformed and purified, the practitioner's own spiritual obstacles are as well.
Ritualized activities of maintaining and making fire are some of the most ancient forms of social coordination, which is essential to the development of the human species. Such ritualization would seem to be the basis for fire cults, forms of which are known throughout the world's religions. In the scope of Indo-European religions, similarities of practice and symbolism provide a shared background to the homa per se. More directly, there appear to be both Vedic and Indo-Iranian traditions of ritual praxis that converge in the tantric homa.
The homa is found in all of the Indic tantric traditions: Buddhist, Śaiva, and Jain. Once established as part of tantric practice, the homa was spread throughout Central, East, and Southeast Asia, particularly in its Buddhist form. This transmission of ritual practice engaged local traditions wherever it spread. Tibetan tantric traditions developed an extensive literature of homa rituals, and from there the practice also influenced Mongolian fire rituals as well. In China, interaction between tantric Buddhism and Daoism led to the creation of a homa devoted to the Northern Dipper, a figure unknown in Indian sources of Buddhist tantra. Two similar examples are found in Japan. The Shintō traditions of Yuiitsu (or Yoshida) and Miwa modified the tantric Buddhist form for the worship of a selection of Shintō deities. Similarly, the tradition of mountain asceticism, Shugendō, also adopted the homa and adapted it to its purposes. As a result of the repression of Buddhism in the third quarter of the nineteenth century, the Shintō forms are no longer extant, though in the present many Shintō shrines perform rituals of various kinds in which fire plays an important role. In contrast, the Shugendō homa, sometimes as a prelude to fire-walking, remains an active part of Japanese religion into the present day.
The tantric homa has been interpreted in a variety of ways, reflecting the multifaceted character of fire itself. There are two important strains of interpretation. One is the yogic interiorization of ritual found in post-Vedic Indian religion, more as a form of esoteric physiology than as a psychologized understanding of visualization. While closely related to yogic interiorization of ritual, the sexual symbolisms that are attached to all aspects of the fire rituals constitute a second strain of interpretation. These symbolic associations are important for their role in understanding tantric notions of ritual efficacy, which require greater nuance of understanding than can be attained by simply categorizing such practices as magic.
Ideas of the Afterlife in American Religion
Kathryn Gin Lum
Heaven and hell have survived in the United States beyond scientific critiques of the supernatural. For many Americans, the promise of eternal rewards and the threat of everlasting punishments shaped how they lived their lives in the here-and-now, and how they interacted with others. Oppressed groups used the afterlife to turn the tables on their oppressors, while others used the threat of the afterlife to try to keep people in line.
The afterlife, after all, was never just after life. Heaven, hell, and their inhabitants could impinge on this life. Time and again, Americans have labeled various places or situations as hells on earth, from America itself (in the eyes of European colonizers), to the slaveholding South, to the battlefields of the Civil War, to the inner city. Reformers have sought to bring heaven to earth, even while hoping for heaven in the life to come.
Meanwhile, discomfort with predestinarian teachings on salvation and damnation led to theological innovations and revisions of traditional Christian teachings on hell. Over time, the stark hell and theocentric heaven of the early colonists waned in many pulpits, with the symbols and figures of the afterlife migrating to fill the pages and TV screens of American popular culture productions. That said, the driving threat of hell remains significant in conservative American Christianity as a political tool in the early 21st century, just as in times past.
The Judeo-Christian and Abrahamic Traditions in America
K. Healan Gaston
The terms "Judeo-Christian" and "Abrahamic" are collective religious descriptors that identify points of theological, historical, and ethical commonality between the world's largest monotheistic religious traditions. "Judeo-Christian" refers to the ground shared by Judaism and Christianity; "Abrahamic" designates elements common to Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. These terms have most often appeared in three contexts. First, scholars of religion have used them for technical, descriptive purposes, to denote the aforementioned religious traditions and the commitments they share. Second, interfaith advocates have employed the terms to identify the particular ecumenical task of cultivating harmonious relations between these three traditions. Finally, in wider public discourses, they have served as descriptors of the religious character of American culture, democracy, and/or national identity. Over time, the terms "Judeo-Christian" and "Abrahamic" have each become important ways of talking about the contributions of the world's largest monotheistic religions to politics and culture in the United States.
However, in American public discourse, "Judeo-Christian" formulations have thus far demonstrated greater reach than "Abrahamic" ones. Between roughly World War II and the mid-1970s, when the United States rose to superpower status and assumed the helm of the Western civilizational project, the idea of America as, in various senses, a Judeo-Christian nation became commonplace. But unlike "Judeo-Christian," which maps onto a discrete geographical region and a long-standing cultural project, "Abrahamic" tends to be used more narrowly to indicate a set of historically meaningful but geographically diffuse relationships that have become the subject of scholarly and ecumenical concern. Moreover, "Judeo-Christian" emerged in the wake of a massive influx of Jewish and Catholic immigrants between 1880 and 1920 that reshaped the American religious landscape. "Abrahamic" has likewise become more widespread since the immigration reforms of the mid-1960s, which began to bring greater numbers of Muslim immigrants to America's shores. But the growing embrace of multiculturalism has largely militated against the widespread use of "Abrahamic" as a descriptor of American identity. Proponents and opponents of these terms have vigorously debated their strengths and weaknesses, their uses and abuses. Yet, despite the controversies over their meaning and relevance, "Judeo-Christian" and "Abrahamic" remain important ways of describing aspects of the American landscape in a multireligious age.
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My Letter to HIV: A Letter From Mike Hellman
May 9, 2012
Dear HIV,
I'm not licked yet. You came into my life 27 years ago and I fought you against all odds. I'm still here and so are you. You killed all my friends and my partner but I'm still here. You opened me up to many infections but I fought back and I'm still here. Some days are best forgotten but I'm still here. You ravaged my body, you cleaned me out but I'm still here. Don't think I don't know who you are. I know you intimately and I'm still here. I must speak out to everyone who is at risk. For if I can stop you from marching on I will. GET OUT, GET OUT, GET OUT! It's time to stop the madness. END THIS NOW!
Michael Hellman, Pittsburgh, PA
This article was provided by "Write a Letter to HIV" Campaign at TheBody.com.
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The Lansing boys' golf team hosted its annual tournament Monday, where it placed fifth with 341 points; Immaculata begins its 2013 season
The Lansing boys' golf team hosted its annual tournament Monday, where it placed fifth with 341 points.
Piper took home the competition's crown with a 307 total.
Individually, Luke Russell posted a 76 for the third best score in the meet.
Following him for Lansing included Brett Larimore and Bryan Courtney, each of whom hit an 84, while Lance Hodges put in a 90 and Greg Garvey shot a 91. Camden Chiles recorded a 104.
Lansing will play at Baldwin Saturday morning.
Raiders open 2013 season
The new year officially began for the Immaculata golf team Monday.
Competing at Holton, the Raiders came in sixth in the six-team meet.
The squad was led by Dawson Schroeder's 90, followed by Jacob Murphy's 135, Jared Kloeker's 145 and Brock Horosko's 161. Shelby Herring hit a 166 and Maria Dean a 167.
Imac will be at DeSoto come Thursday for a 3 p.m. contest.


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This spectacular image of a nearby galaxy, NGC 55, captures huge filaments, loops and "bubbles" of ionized hydrogen gas thousands of light years across. These structures probably result from material blown outward by many generations of massive stars in galaxy. NGC 55 is an irregular galaxy that has hints of spiral structure; it is similar to the Large Magellanic Cloud, a companion to the Milky Way that is visible in the southern sky. NGC 55 resides in a relatively nearby gathering of galaxies, the Sculptor Group, which is located about 5 million light years from the earth.
Annette Ferguson of Johns Hopkins University presented this new view of NGC 55 on June 11 at a meeting of the American Astronomical Society in Madison, Wisc. She and a number of colleagues created the image using the 1.5-meter optical telescope at the Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory in Chile. To capture the many faint details of the galaxy's structure, Ferguson's team made a composite of observations from September, 1994 and from September, 1995.
Astronomers theorize that the tangled protrusions from NGC 55 resulted from disruptions caused by a class of hot, rapidly evolving stars within the galaxy. These stars, which have at least ten times the mass of the sun, shine brilliantly and eject material in powerful stellar winds. When such massive stars exhaust their nuclear fuel, they undergo cataclysmic detonations--supernova explosions--which blast away the star's outer layers. The combination of stellar winds and supernova explosions sculpts the interstellar hydrogen gas into the bubbles and filaments seen in this image.
Similar formations are seen in some other galaxies, most notably M82, an object so roiled by stellar evolution that astronomers once mistakenly considered it an exploding galaxy.
Energetic photons from the hot stars ionize the hydrogen, removing each atom's single electron. These loose electrons soon "recombine" with bare hydrogen nuclei (protons), releasing energy in the process. That energy appears in the form of light of a specific wavelength--6,563 Angstroms (an Angstrom is one ten billionth of a meter), which falls toward the red end of the visible spectrum. Ferguson and her colleagues used a special filter, limiting their observations to this narrow band of the spectrum. For comparison, take a look at unfiltered color and black-and-white images of the galaxy.
Observations such as this one demonstrate that, despite the successes of the orbiting Hubble Space Telescope, breathtaking research can still be done from the ground. If anything, there has been a resurgence in the building of new terrestrial instruments that deliver unprecedented clarity at a variety of wavelengths.
Until recently, the 10-meter Keck Telescope on Mauna Kea, Hawaii, was the world's largest optical telescope. Now it has a twin: on May 8, scientists formally dedicated the Keck II Telescope, located next to Keck I atop the 13,796-foot dormant volcano. Keck II will incorporate three specialized spectrographs--instruments for recording an object's spectrum-- that will complement the capabilities of the five-year-old Keck I.
Even more exciting, the two telescopes are designed to work together as an interferometer--a system in which light from two or more telescope is brought together so that the light waves combine and interfere with each other. This new technique of optical interferometry can yield extremely high-resolution images, essentially allowing the two telescopes to function as a single, enormous instrument. Because Keck I and Keck II are some 85 meters (nearly 280 feet) apart, they will have a resolving power equivalent to that of a telescope with an 85-meter mirror, or about 0.005 arc seconds at infrared wavelengths. That is about ten times the precision of the Hubble Space Telescope.
Also at the June meeting of the American Astronomical Society, astronomers from the University of Massachusetts, Amherst and the Instituto Nacional de Astrofosica, Optica y Electronica in Puebla, Mexico revealed plans to build one of the world's largest high-precision radiotelescopes. Dubbed the Large Millimeter Wave Telescope (LMT), the 50-meter instrument will be constructed over the next five years on a yet-to-be selected mountain site in Mexico.
Millimeter waves (shorter than the waves observed by conventional radio telescopes) can penetrate through dust clouds and interstellar haze, revealing the hidden details of star birth, planetary formation and other mysterious astronomical processes. When completed, the LMT's huge dish-shaped antenna will stand taller than a 16-story building, and be able to point to a cosmic source with an accuracy of 1/1,000th of a degree (about four arc- seconds). It will also provide a view of the southern sky that is relatively unexplored, and which includes the center of our Milky Way galaxy.