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Smoked Grape and Rosemary Focaccia
October 19, 2010 at 6:52 pm 53 comments
When I arrived at school, I came with every intention of getting super involved. I wanted to be that person – the person who squeezes in a few too many clubs and activities, the person who comes home exhausted. I honestly love being busy, and I wanted to wholeheartedly accept new experiences.
It was a valiant effort. In the activity fair my first week, I scrawled my email address onto dozens of sign-up sheets and mailing lists – social justice, poetry, photography club, the college newspaper, book publishing, even freshman government. I walked between the elms and brick buildings back to my dorm, consumed with anticipation, wondering which clubs I'd get into and which ones I'd fall in love with.
More than anything else, though, I wanted to be accepted to my school's radio station. It's prestigious around here, difficult to get into and fully student-run. Even though my passion is in print, in the weight of an inked word on paper, I'm smitten with This American Life and 107.7 The End (which I stream online here across the country.) I missed listening to NPR every morning in the carpool to high school. I missed radio in general.
I'd seen the students involved with the college station, and found everything about it appealing. I wanted to carry heavy headphones in my bag and hear my voice, weirdly foreign, emerge from the radio. I picked up an application.
Four weeks later, I'm even busier than I'd hoped to be, even though I slowly withdrew from most of the clubs I'd signed up for. Instead, I got a job at a bakery, which I'm so excited to start. I clung to photography club, which is one of the highlights of my week – photos will come soon, promise. Add homework, classes, a few minutes for meals and – oh, did I mention? Lots and lots of radio.
I'm a reporter for the news department. I make contacts and conduct interviews, which I edit into sound clips and adjust until the levels are right. I research. I'm learning to project my voice and breathe properly on-air. I now search for potential stories everywhere, breathing in information and exhaling headlines. I rewrite press releases and post stories to the web. And at least several nights a week, I'm underground at the station past midnight, rerecording my script over and over and over… trying to pronounce all the words correctly.
I had no idea it would be this hard, or this demanding. I didn't realize it would take me two hours to produce a 45 second clip, and… well… a lot longer to create an eight minute one. And I couldn't have anticipated how much I'd adore it.
To be sure, it has its downs. We were expected to hit the ground running, and my first week was rough. I'm starting to learn the terrain, but that doesn't make it easy. I've had afternoons where nobody answers my calls, where I say, "Hi, I'm Elissa Bernstein and I'm a reporter with–" only to be cut off and dismissed. There have been nights where I spent more than twice as much time editing and writing than sleeping. (Which is easier than it sounds when you're running on 4 hours of sleep.)
I remember the shift where I couldn't figure out how to work the dashboard, with all its dials and buttons. Once, I accidentally bumped the microphone off its stand. Another afternoon, I hung up the phone after a great interview, only to realize I'd improperly recorded the conversation (in other words, hadn't recorded the conversation) and had to start from scratch.
As a new staff member with no previous experience, everything is trial and error.
Even though I'm only seriously involved with a couple activities, they're full of so many unfamiliar skills and unexplored subjects, my education extends far beyond the classroom itself. This radio position is more than an extracurricular, it's a part time job and the wholehearted acceptance of new experiences that I craved. Who knows what I'll be able to do in the future after this? Every time you acquire new knowledge, you can funnel it into the creation of something incredible.
Like smoked grape and rosemary focaccia.
My parents and I discovered smoked grapes one summer night a few months ago. We used to spend hours sitting in lawn chairs around our home-built fire pit, roasting hot dogs and watching marshmallows molt. One evening, long past sundown, when the whole world was crackling logs and faraway pinpoint stars, my mother brought out a bowl of grapes.
I think it was my dad's idea. He skewered a grape onto a thin branch still sticky with marshmallow sugar, set it over the fire. It was smoking when he pulled it away from the flames. He popped it into his mouth, and a look of surprise took over his face. He made one for Mom, and I tried the next one. The grape was warm, but not hot, with a smokiness that caught you off guard. It was so strange, so good, so full of possibility.
We tried to brainstorm how best to showcase this miracle. I thought they would be good with anything and everything. Baked into a tart. Tossed with mixed greens in a salad. Or maybe sliced with bright, fresh jimaca and mango, served over fish? That's when it came to me – I knew what I wanted to make first.
"Focaccia," I said.
Last Mother's Day I gave my mother a gorgeous book on tomatoes. The book is filled cover to cover with some of the loveliest food photography I've seen, and descriptions of dozens and dozens of tomato varieties. In the back, a recipe for cherry tomato focaccia, which I had mentally bookmarked from the first time I saw it. The page swam hazily to mind as I blew smoke away from another fireside grape.
I forgot that I'm not confident with bread-making. I was too excited. Instead I found a recipe for focaccia and bought a bag of grapes. I wanted to find another smoking technique, just in case not everyone has access to a firepit, or the time to individually skewer each grape. My dad said it could be done on the grill. He snipped bundles of sturdy, fragrant rosemary and burned them under the grill's cover with a big bowl of the grapes. Soft grey smoke streamed steadily from the grill's sides, like bubbles rising in a fish tank.
I can't get enough of these grapes. After smoking, their color changed from deep red-purple to burnished gold, as if you could literally see the fragrant rosemary smoke swirling under the skins. My dad had to stop me and my mother from snacking on them as the bread dough rose. I spread the focaccia into a sheet pan, brushed it with olive oil, dimpled it with my fingertips and gently pressed in halved grapes.
It was an experiment, since I wasn't sure if the loaf would be too watery, if the grapes would keep their flavor, if it would need a touch less rosemary. We pulled the sheet out of the oven. I cut the first slice, and oh, my gosh – that crackle as I broke the crust, the lightness of the center, one or two grapes nestled in with wrinkled tops… That bread was perfection. We ate it so, so quickly we almost felt sick. And it's one of my favorite memories from this summer, keeping me warm as the temperature drops.
This focaccia is worthy of making twice, three times, over and over again. It's light, not moist, but soft with a lightly crisp crust. The grapes stay juicy without making the bread soggy, and I just can't get enough of their flavor. I wanted to put more on, but my dad liked that they were spread out because it made each one more special.
The loaf is also very delicious with blue cheese.
Here are my dad's instructions on smoking the grapes:
The Bernstein Family's Smoked Grapes
3 small bunches red seedless grapes
1 to 1 1/2 cups Alder wood chips, soaked in water
4 sprigs rosemary
Wash and dry grapes thoroughly and place in an all metal strainer or smoker suitable container.
I used our BBQ that has an interesting feature. The flame shield over the burner can be inverted and it becomes a cup, shaped to hold the wood for smoking. If your BBQ does not have a smoker attachment for wood then put the wood chips in aluminum foil directly over the burner. Place the wood over the HIGH flame and keep the BBQ open so it does not get too hot, we are trying to smoke the grapes not cook them.
When the wood begins to smoke, add the rosemary sprigs and reduce the heat to as low as possible. Place the grapes in the strainer on the opposite end of the BBQ and close the BBQ lid and leave it closed until the wood no longer produces smoke (the wood should all be consumed). Remove the grapes from the BBQ immediately.
Rosemary Smoked Grape Focaccia
Adapted from Gourmet
Makes a 15"x10" focaccia loaf
1/4 ounce package (2 1/4 teaspoons) dry yeast
1 2/3 cups lukewarm water
4 1/2 cups all purpose flour, divided
1 1/2 teaspoons salt
1/4 cup extra virgin olive oil, plus 3 tablespoons for brushing
1 tablespoon finely chopped rosemary needles
Small bunch of rosemary smoked grapes, cut into halves lengthwise
1 teaspoon sea salt for sprinkling (I used black lava salt)
Stir together the yeast, water, and 4 cups flour in the bowl of an electric mixer and let stand 5-10 minutes. Add the 1 1/2 teaspoons salt and 1/4 cup olive oil and beat with the paddle attachment on medium speed until a dough forms. Add the remaining 1/2 cup flour and switch to the dough hook. Knead dough at high speed for 3-4 minutes, or until soft, smooth, and sticky.
Transfer it to a lightly oiled bowl, turning the dough so that it is completely coated with oil. Cover with plastic wrap and let rise in a warm place until doubled in size, 1 to 1 1/2 hours.
Gently deflate the dough and press it into a well-oiled 15" by 10" rimmed baking pan [I used a rimmed half sheet. It didn't reach all the edges, it was fine.] Let dough rise in a warm place, covered with a clean kitchen towel, until doubled in size, about 1 hour.
Preheat the oven to 500 degrees F and combine the chopped rosemary and remaining 3 tablespoons olive oil. [I didn't do this, because there was already rosemary flavor in the grapes, but you could heat the oil and rosemary together with some garlic to amplify the flavor. You could also try mixing some rosemary into the dough itself.]
Using your fingertips, make shallow indentations all over the dough. Brush with the rosemary olive oil, letting it pool in the indentations. Press grape halves, cut side down, evenly into the dough. Sprinkle with sea salt.
Bake for 6 minutes, then reduce the oven temperature to 475 degrees F. Bake until golden. It'll depend on the size and thickness of your focaccia, but the total baking time will be around 20-25 minutes. Immediately transfer to a cooling rack and eat at room temperature, or if you can't resist, piping hot and ripped into hunks.
Printer-Friendly Version – Smoked Grape and Rosemary Focaccia
Entry filed under: Breads, Breakfast/Brunch. Tags: bread, brunch, Dad, garden, grapes, herbs, Italian, Mom, olive oil, rosemary, savory, Seattle.
53 Comments Add your own
I've been checking your page three times daily for the past couple of days waiting for you to have a new post. I promise that I have a life, it's just that a lot of it involves sitting at the computer writing or doing research (for articles! I write for my school's newspaper!) and your blog is a convenient way to avoid getting work done. Plus reading your posts about experiences that seem freakishly parallel to mine brightens up my entire week.
I love the idea of smoking grapes. (I discovered roasted cherry tomatoes this summer and made something similar, except the first time I baked the bread I had to make two batches of tomatoes because I ate the first one.) And I love hearing about your radio experiences. I've also fallen head over heels in love with the student newspaper at my school, though I'm beginning to discover some of it's not so lovely attributes. I definitely spend more time writing and researching and interviewing for the paper than I do studying. Only don't tell my parents. Or my professors.
Glad to hear that you've found the select few activities that make the hectic days and sleepless nights worthwhile. Good luck with everything!
– Sarah
I remember those crazy first days of college, I also wanted to be a part of everything! I'm glad you found your passion! The no sleep is totally worth it when you enjoy what you're doing.
Those grapes look crazy! I would have never thought to smoke grapes! Great post!
hey have you seen this? i thought you of all people might be interested considering how you could literally make cupcakes in your dorm room… http://www.dailygrommet.com/products/483-Babycakes-Mini-Cupcake-Maker
Gorgeous looking recipe – It is nearly summer here and I can't wait to be sitting outside sipping a glass of sauvignon and enjoying this bread. Cheers!
Elissa everything sounds so amazing that your doing! It defeintly sounds like college life, I love it! The smoked grapes is such a grand idea can't wait to try it!
My friends in college always said that you can sleep when you're dead. While this is perfectly true, just remember to take care of yourself so that you stay healthy. I'm glad to hear that you have found a new interest and I'm sure that as you get used to everything it will get easier and even more fun. That bread sounds delicious! I think that I will have to try making some sometime soon.
I'm glad you're staying busy. Believe me, it makes all the difference. And congrats on the bakery job! That's exactly what I want and have yet to find, so I'm pretty jealous. :P
I love focaccia. I'm just finishing up my artisan bread class at school and we've made it a few times. Delicious. I'll admit it… I literally just sit in my dorm after class and eat the bread I got to take home. It's kind of bad, but oh so tasty. :D
That sounds awesome! In my experience, it's better to be immersed fully in a few activities than to stretch yourself thin across several.
Between the radio station and the job at a bakery, you seem to have found yourself….or at least who you are for now. And while who you are for now may change (or may not….who knows) your life and activities now will definitely shape your future person in some way or another.
Congrats on your acceptance to the prestigious radio station! Good luck with that and your baking/cooking!!! Oh. And college coursework, in general. Of course.
What an upbeat, smile-provoking post… and a great springboard to finally do something with my out of control rosemary bush. It's such a delight to catch glimpses of your new life, and keep in touch with stories of your family. Good luck to you in having fun and keeping life's demands s in balance.
life at your college sounds awesome! While it's fun doing so many activities, make sure u dont overwork yourself! :) and boy, that foccacia looks phenomenal
Great post.
congrats on getting into radio and throwing yourself into it like that? how do you even have time to study?
That bread looks aammmazing!
This post has reminded me that you are never too old to learn something new and. Thanks for the gentle nudge that I've needed this week to remember to always, always take view a new experience as an unexpected opportunity to take away something that can be applied to me as a person, not just my job.
I love focaccia. Usually I use premade crust (shame on me), add a bit of olive oil, sprinkle some olives, a bit of fleur de sel and in the oven with it!
Wow I must confess I have also been checking and rechecking to see if you have posted again! it really brightens my day. This foccacia is PERFECT for the weather in South Africa at the moment, and perfect for our end of year photojournalism class braai- so excited.
It's really cool you're getting into radio. I also prefer print but this term we did soundslides- putting audio to our images and man it is time consuming! But the end result is powerful.
Just don't burn out too quickly- I don't want to inhibit your enthusiasm, but when i was in first year I was a designer for our student newspaper, working every second weekend for the WHOLE 72 hours of the weekend- slept in the offices, lived off coffee. I don't regret it at all and i learnt a lot, but most importantly I learnt to listen to my body, only after it literally broke down! Had to quit everything except the essentials. I've only recovered fully now, to my correct weight and health, in my third year, and am raring to go again, but this time with boundaries. But I'm sure you're more sensible with your health than I was! :)
I'm so excited to try smoke the grapes! such a unique idea!
I'm glad you're being so active! Freshman year is definitely the time to establish yourself before everyone kind of branches off to their own thing the remainder of college. I'm curious what bakery are you working at and how did you apply? I've been tempted to apply PT in a bakery but not sure how to without a culinary degree! But it's inspiring to hear that you have.
Thank you for replying! Hmm now I'm quite curious where this is. I live in Boston also, but I swear I won't stalk or anything. Flour comes to mind though. BTW I'm glad you're having a great time on your radio show! I think someone I knew from high school had his own program and he loved it. Emerson does have a great station
I happen to be a big fan of focacia. What I'm not a fan of however are radio stations. Don't take that the wrong way though, I'm happy for you and your accomplishments, and I love the idea of radio; I just can't really listen to it anymore. There once was a time where I would often use the radio to discover new music. That is, until I realized that all of the stations in my area played twice as many audio-commercials as anything else.
So that's why whenever I am listening to the radio these days I'm probably listening to NPR (which coincidentally I also heard on the way to school every morning). I have to admit, I miss its presence in my schoolday. Well… everything but the pledge drives. Those ruined my mornings. But on second thought they probably deserve my money if their jobs are half as hard as you make them sound.
Reading your posts always brings a smile to my face. I can't avoid the first thought…that I wish I could have been lucky enough to have you in one of my classes when I taught high school. Your stories capture every experience with such detail and emotion that I feel like I am right there with you. Now, I am remembering the frantic but wonderful pace of college with the fragrance of grapes in the background…
This is the sort of savoury bread that I see being sold at farmer's markets. I love the taste of rosemary with bread; so comforting.
Oh, I love bread. Yummers!!!!!!!! I could eat oodles and oodles. I enjoy the photos without any calories. Every now and then I enjoy some nice and warm with oodles of butter or a nice fresh fragrant pear with a slice of cheese to go with my bread. Oh, I'm hungry. I think I need to go check on breakfast. Smoked grapes………mmmm……..sounds like another favorite:)
I have just stumbled randomly onto your blog while looking for good instructions on browning butter. Just a quick read of this post had convinced me that I think you are attending the college I graduated from. (The radio station thing tipped me off.)
I loved it there and I love your blog! I'll keep checking back!
Mmm bread looks delicious. and as another commenter mentioned Flour bakery is awesome and added bonus right around the corner from me.
Elissa, this was beautiful. I'm so glad you're having such fun at school – the radio station sounds fantastic! Keep doing what you're doing :). This focaccia looks dreamy! I love the smoked grapes idea. I'll have to keep it in mind next time we've got grapes in the house.
Glad to hear you're enjoying college Elissa, the radio station work and journalism sounds so interesting! And the focaccia looks wonderful, love the idea of smoking grapes.
Love your writing and your experiences! I love that you are making the most of everything that comes your way – and yes, the bread looks amazing!
Your bread looks delicious and your photos are fab!
A school in Boston with a famous radio station? I think I've figured it out! If I'm right, I listen to that station all the time, I'll be sure to listen to your voice! By the way, one student foodie to another, be sure to try the Flour Cafe, there are 3 locations in Boston/Cambridge and theier food is to DIE for!!!
Sounds like you are one happy and very busy bee. I am glad to hear/read that :) I've never done focaccia and I've never heard of smoked grapes before. This post is inspiring me to seriously give it all a try :)
Your focaccia sounds great! My husband does something similar with grapes that I love. He grilles them and serves them on toasted bread with some warm goat cheese that has been rolled in herbs and grilled just a bit. Wow are they good! I really enjoy reading your blog and you sound like you are doing great at college.
So I've just discovered your blog, and it's been a long process of reading through all of your posts! You are a kind a caring girl, so I thought that as a college junior (oh god. I'm a junior. It's truly crazy) I might just pass along some advice. Sometimes, no matter how much you want to fit in and no matter now many people try to prod you into a club so it will look good on your resume, you've got to go with what feels right. With clubs it's hard, but I truly believe that when you feel at home with your group, that's such a golden moment. We only get to go through college once, so live it up: join what clubs you love, and know when you're taking on a bit too much (hint: you won't be sleeping or eating). Just go for it. I feel like I just got to college, and I'm already researching graduate schools while abroad in Europe. Everything flies by, and in the end, I don;t believe in the whole "it looks good on my resume" or "I'm going to fit in" approach. When you are a good person who is passionate and truly cares about others, all will be good! So good luck, and remember- live it up! This really only happens once.
I am blown away by the grill shot, I would like to hang that in my kitchen! Lovely Lovely
Elissa! You are crazy busy, and your pics still make me sooo hungry even right after I eat. =]
I never see you around anymore! Drop by sometime this weekend, or skype me! we totally need to catch up! we never exchanged stories!!!
Hi Elissa, I just found this website today and am BLOWN AWAY by your talent. Your photos are beautiful, haven't tried any recipes yet but I have already bookmarked a dozen or so, and your writing is so sincere and heartfelt. I am really inspired.
I read your post about dealing with the good and bad aftermath of gaining more recognition with your blog, and learning to deal with negative nancies (shake 'em off, shake 'em off), and I have to say that I so admire how you just powered through. I am very sensitive to criticism and it's held me back from some of my passions and I really impressed how you learned so quickly to bounce back—I will try to keep you in mind next time I feel discouraged!
-A new devoted follower
Ohh my goodness, this sounds amazing!! I love foccacia but have never had it with grapes before, very creative! I bet it pairs amazingly with the rosemary.
wowowowowwowowowow :)
Elissa! Focaccia is definitely my favorite kind of bread, but I never would have thought of adding grapes to it. I just might have to try thatttt
I love the way you have compared the discovery of knowledge and the smoked grape and rosemary focaccia. It's an interesting comparison.
I definitely sympathize with your business, but that makes everything fun, right?
This recipe looks delicious!
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This document shows how to update a package you maintain in Fedora. It assumes you already have a package in the Fedora repositories.
This document is divided in three sections to give Developers, Testers, and Mirror Admins some guidelines on how to submit packages for
, development and
- For more guidance on package updates, refer to Updates_Policy.
Here you can find detailed information on process of Package Management in Fedora. If you want to know the difference between
, development and
pending , and which one is suitable for you, along with an overall understanding of the release naming and repos, visit our new and improved Fedora Development Process Overview page.
New contributors (mandatory reading), new Testers (highly suggested reading), new Consumers (useful reading), or anybody interested in how Fedora is developed would find this page useful.
In particular, these are the new paths on mirrors:
/pub/fedora/linux/development/rawhide/will become the new path of Rawhide. It will continue to not have install images, and will be the place where builds from the
"devel"branch in git go to. It'll be Fedora 39 intended content.
/pub/fedora/linux/development/38will become the new path of the branched Fedora 38 content. This is where builds from the F-38/ branch in git will go after they pass through Bodhi as "stable".
/pub/fedora/linux/updates/testing/38/will be where potential Fedora 38 builds go after passing through bodhi as "testing". This is where you'll find the latest stuff proposed for freeze break and where testing and peer review of these freeze breaks will happen. When a maintainer feels enough testing has happened, or enough karma triggers the Bodhi auto request, the build will be marked "stable" and show up in the development/38 tree at the next nightly compose.
(View NFR coming soon! New paths on mirrors!)
For Developers
|Check out and build from the devel/branch
|No action required. Happens nightly automatically
|Check out and build from the F39/branch
|Request a testing update in Bodhi for F39. Bodhi admins push it.
|Peers test the update and provide karma feedback via Bodhi
|Request a push to stable within Bodhi. Bodhi admins push it.
|Build for Rawhide
|Build for Rawhide + testing in other branches
|Build non-critical path package for F39 (branched)
|Build critical-path for F39 (branched)
|Push critical-path package waiting in "pending" updates-testing repo for a week without karma feedback
|For a package, in critical path, in the "pending" updates-testing repo for a week that hasn't received karma feedback
|To mark, built package for F39, available for testing
|To mark stable and tagged for F39 tested update
|To push a package built to handle an urgent issue (e.g. security problem, non-functioning system, etc.) to the F39 branch [4]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Mutually exclusive.
- ↑ Query QA/Release Engineering, too
- ↑ Provided the package has net positive Karma from QA or releng and at least one more net positive karma point. If karma autopush is checked submit to stable is done automatically
- ↑ In all cases, it's necessary to be very very very sure the update will not cause additional problems
- ↑ If the package is not in the critical path, nor addressing a security problem, then it can be requested a push to stable
If the package addresses a security issue then it should be marked as security. Wait for the Security team to sign off on the update (not sure how this happens right now) before requesting the package be pushed to stable
If the package is in the critical path, then wait for a QA/Release Engineering/Peer net positive karma vote in Bodhi before requesting the package be pushed to stable
|File a buildroot override tag request as outlined in the Policy page, and proceed to build the package
|Issue the Bodhi request
|To build a package for the Pending F39 which requires a package not yet pushed stable for F39
For Testers
|Read the Rawhide page and follow instructions
|Keep the rawhide repo enabled and fedora, updates, & updates-testing repos disabled.
|Consume the rawhide firehose and report issues as you find them.
|Install from Alpha, Beta, the Last Known Good Pending snapshot or a Pending nightly live image
yum update to the latest pending content
|Update your Fedora 12 system by reading instructions at FIXME
|Check the QA/Join page that describes the different testable repos, skill level and investment involved.
|Read the Package Acceptance Test Plan and use it as a guideline
|To install Rawhide on your system to test the latest packages
|To install and run Fedora 39 as your desktop and participate in test days
|To update a Fedora 12 system to the Pending Fedora 13 for testing
|To provide test feedback for new packages
|To represent the QA team in providing feedback on critical path package updates
For Mirror Admins
- If you are a mirror admin and want to prepare for additional repos coming to your mirror :
- Read
mirror-list(-d)and watch for announcements regarding new paths being added to the Master Mirror.
- Check your sync exclusion settings to ensure you either get, or don't get the new path (depending on your needs).
- Read
Build a package for Rawhide
To build a package for Rawhide, check it out from the git devel/branch.
Install fedora-packager if not already installed.
Check out a local working copy of the git module you plan to edit, e.g. (for a description of the directory layout, see the Anatomy page:
fedpkg clone <package_name>
- If you update to a new upstream version, you have to upload the tarball to an external lookaside cache. Operations on the lookaside cache require a client-side certificate, to get one, run
fedora-cert -n
To upload a new source tarball and replace an older one, run
fedpkg new-sources /path/to/yournewtarball.tar.gz
You can omit the path if the source is the current directory.
In the branch directory (i.e. devel in this case) or for multiple files:
fedpkg new-sources yournewtarball.tar.gz yourdata.tar.gz
This also updates your local copy of the .gitignore and sources files. You will need to do this for each branch that you will be building the new version for. The new tarball will be uploaded only once and the rest will be md5sum checked and not uploaded, only the .gitignore and sources files will be updated.
If you just want to add another tarball (e.g. a big gzipped patch or a documentation tarball), use:
fedpkg upload somefile.tar.gz
Contrary to
fedpkg new-sources, this does not purge old files from the
.gitignore and
sources files.
If you just have a small patch, initscript, or otherwise plain text file, you can commit those directly to git. This can be done with the
git add command, e.g.:
git add packagename-fix-the-foobar.patch
- Use the command
fedpkg mockbuildto test a package build on your local mock system. Then install and test the package. If something doesn't work, fix it and repeat this step. You can also use the koji build system to do a scratch build perhaps for some arch you don't have locally. For example, to build just for x86_64:
fedpkg srpm koji build --scratch --arch-override x86_64 f17 packagename-version-release.src.rpm
- Check if everything that has changed is correct with
fedpkg diff
- Commit the verified changes to the
fedpkg commit git push
- Commit and push in one go
fedpkg commit -p
As a test whether the full commit was fine, you can check out a fresh working copy into a different directory. It should succeed in fetching the binaries from lookaside cache and also pass simple build tests such as make i686 or make srpm at least.
- Instruct the builders to build your package:
fedpkg build
- Check the koji build page at http://koji.fedoraproject.org/koji/ for the build process.
fedpkg clone foo cd foo wget -N http://dl.sf.net/foo/foo-0.0.2.tar.bz2 fedpkg new-sources foo-0.0.2.tar.bz2 gedit foo.spec # change the required things in the specfile fedpkg mockbuild # check that the changes you made are correct fedpkg diff # commit and push fedpkg commit -m "Update to 0.0.2" -p
# request build fedpkg build
The package builders publish your package in the
development tree, also called "Rawhide." If the package is a stable update, you may also provide it to users of the currently-maintained stable, or branched Fedora release. To make it available to F-11 or F-12 users, or testers of the branched F-13 for example, use the procedure outlined in the next chapter.
An alternative may be used, the import of a complete src.rpm.
More in-depth information on the build system is at UsingKoji.
Removing a package build from the devel branch
From time to time you may want to remove a package build you pushed to the devel branch (rawhide). This could happen in a situation where a bug or issue is found in your package that will be resolved upstream in the next release. You may want to wait for this release instead of back-porting a fix yourself, so pulling the broken package from rawhide makes sense.
You can remove the package from rawhide by using koji as follows:
koji untag-pkg f17 foo-1.1.3-1.fc17
foo-1.1.3-1.fc17 is replaced with the name of your package build. See
koji help or UsingKoji for more information.
When updating a package affects a large number of dependencies (e.g. all perl, python or ghc packages) it may be better to initially do the builds in another repo, so that there is less disruption in rawhide.
If you think you have an update that falls under this case you can request a special dist tag by filing a release engineering ticket. Someone from release engineering will likely want to discuss your needs to make sure this is really an appropriate case (it's OK ask if you aren't sure) and that you get what you need.
Working with packages in the stable branches
Stable branches are branches within git for either released Fedoras, or a branched Fedora that is still in bugfix/polish mode but has not yet been released.
- Switch to the branch which you would like to update with the
fedpkg switch-branchcommand. Here is an example of an update for Fedora 16:
fedpkg switch-branch f16
- Make any required changes. In many cases, you can apply the same changes from the
devel/branch to the other branches. Use the
patchutilities for this purpose.
- Use the command
fedpkg localto test a package build on your local system. Then install and test the package. If something doesn't work, fix it and repeat this step.
- Commit the verified changes to the branch you are working on:
git commit and git pushExample of
git push:
git push origin f16:refs/heads/f16/masterSee also Fedora branch names.
- Instruct the builders to build your package:
fedpkg build
- Check the koji build page at http://koji.fedoraproject.org/koji/ for the build process.
- If you want to build a package for the Pending Fedora 39 but it requires package that is not yet pushed "stable" for Fedora 16.
- You would need to file a buildroot override tag request as outlined in the policy page Alpha_Freeze_Policy
- Once tagged, you can proceed to build her package and issue the Bodhi request
Submit your update to Bodhi
- This can be accomplished in a few different ways. The easiest being:
fedpkg updateIf your local username differs from that of your Fedora account, you will need to specify it with the following command:
BODHI_USER=foo fedpkg updateOr you add
BODHI_USER=footo the file
~/.cvspkgsrc. FIXME: what's the git equivalent?
- Alternatively, you can also submit your update using the bodhi-client
- or the web interface .
- Once submitted, bodhi will automatically request that your update be pushed to updates-testing. If you feel that community testing is unnecessary for your update, you can choose to push it straight to the stable fedora-updates repository instead. Pushing directly to stable skips peer review and is strongly discouraged!! Note that security updates follow a slightly different process .
- A Release Engineer then signs and pushes out your updates. The signing step is currently a manual process, so your updates will not be instantly released once submitted to bodhi.
- Once pushed to testing, people are able to +1/-1 the updates "karma", based on whether or not it seems to be functional for them. If your update reaches a karma of 3, it will automatically be pushed to stable. Likewise, if it reaches -3, it will be automatically unpushed. If your update does not receive enough feedback to automatically push it to stable, you will have to submit it as a final update yourself. This can easily be done with the command-line tool, or with the web interface.
- You will then be notified when your update has been pushed to stable. Bodhi will close all associated bugs and send an announcement to fedora-package-announce. At this point, your update has been officially released!
Get Automatically Notified on New Upstream Releases
To automatically get notifications via bugzilla whenever upstream has a new release, refer to upstream release monitoring page.


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Color Options from Quilts and More™ Winter 2011
Scrap Lab Bow Pillow
Designer: Heather Mulder Peterson of Anka's Treasures
A charm-square pack and 2 yards of rickrack kick-start the triangle-squares and bow that dance across a pillow top. Fabrics are from the Ruby collection by Bonnie and Camille for Moda Fabrics.
Urban Attitude
Designer: Cherri House of Cherry House Quilts
Graphic rectangles, metallic quilting, and a spicy palette amp up the personality of this contemporary throw.
Urban Attitude Color Option
Two-Block Citrus Quilt
Assorted citrus-look prints from the Sorbet Garden collection by Jill Finley of Jillily Studio for Henry Glass Fabrics sparked quilt tester Mary Pepper's imagination when assembling this version of Urban Attitude. She eliminated the 6-1/2x5-1/2" rectangles and used setting rectangles grouped by color families to create strong diagonal lines across the quilt top.
French Accent
Designer: Laura Jaquinto
Learn the tricks for sewing with trendy laminated fabric while making a pretty and practical tote. It's easier than you might think!
French Accent Color Option
Canvas Tote Bag
For a tote with style that will stand up to daily use, we paired cotton canvas from the French Court collection with a black print from the Maze collection, both from Timeless Treasures. For ease of sewing, project tester Mary Pepper recommends stitching heavier weight fabrics with a denim or jeans needle.
Small Frills
Designers: Joanie Holton and Melanie Greseth of Tailormade by Design
Layers of ruffles, grosgrain ribbon, and damask-look fabric make for a pretty pillow that doesn't skimp on style.
Small Frills Color Option
Premade Ruffle Pillow
If the thought of making yards of gathered edging gives you pause, here's an easy way to get the same look: Use ruffles by the yard. This elegant pillow features 2"-wide premade ruffles, a time-saving product from Michael Miller Fabrics.
Home at Last
Designer: Julie Herman of Jaybird Quilts
Stitch up a fast-to-fuse throw featuring house and heart appliqués using 10-inch precut squares and fat quarters.
Home at Last Color Option
House and Heart Pillow
Using prints from the Pinfeathers collection by Carina Gardner teamed up with Simply Basics, both from Northcott Fabrics, editor Jill Abeloe Mead made Home at Last into a reversible pillow. To showcase the appliquéd blocks, she surrounded each with a series of tone-on-tone and stripe borders.
Playing Tag
Designer: Katie Hennagir of Katie Hennagir Designs
Add fun and function to a stroller-size quilt by sewing ribbon and rickrack loops into the blocks.
Playing Tag Color Option
Ribbon and Rickrack Baby Quilt
When Katie Hennagir designed the Little One collection for Robert Kaufman Fabrics, she gave equal time to all parts of the color wheel. This colorway features all the adorable prints, dots, and stripes that you see in her Playing Tag quilt, but in colors not so traditionally feminine.
Playing Tag Web-Exclusive Toys
Ribbon and Rickrack Baby Toys
Combine crafts felt, rickrack, and ribbon to create a set of handmade baby toys.
Designer: Sheila Sinclair Snyder
When temperatures drop, curl up in a bed-size flannel quilt with pops of green that hint at spring.
Wintergreen Color Option
Floral and Paisley Chain Quilt
To give Wintergreen a fresh look, quilt tester Judy Sams Sohn changed the colors to blue, cream, and gold prints and made all two-color blocks. By using similar cream prints in each block, a lattice design emerges on the quilt top. Fabrics are from the Paisley Denim collection by Skipping Stones Studio for Clothworks.


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Confederate reenactors commemorate their last payday as soldiers for the Confederacy
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Civil War 150 Pinhole Project:
The American Civil War has been described as our country's truly epic struggle, America's Iliad. 150 years on, the echoes of this time can still be felt and seen on its battlefields. Our deep, familial connection to these landscapes are also echoed the country's reenactment community. The past is present.
Join photographer Michael Falco as he chronicles and visualizes the Civil War from the 19th century soldiers' point of view and highlights the haunting beauty of the war's battlefields with the poetry of the pinhole camera.
Michael Falco is a freelance photographer based in New York City. You can see some of his editorial work at:
Blog at WordPress.com.


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Billy Talent Marchandise
Billy Talent is a Canadian rock band formed in 1993 in Mississauga, Ontario. The band consists of Benjamin Kowalewicz (vocals), Ian D'Sa (guitar/vocals), Jonathan Gallant (bass/vocals) and Aaron Solowoniuk (drums/percussion).
Although they are often described as having punk rock roots, the band claims that they have no bands that they have drawn inspiration from; they did not "emulate popular bands at the time." The sound is original and unique, something different that they recognized when they first started playing together.
"Music for us depends on the individuals you are playing with, and individually we are all at our best in the context of this band. Our collaboration and chemistry work. For years we tried to find our sound, but everything started happening when we simply accepted what we are. When you find your voice, everything else follows suit."
—Benjamin Kowalewicz, MuchMusic interview
The band existed for almost a decade before hitting mainstream success. The members met and played in high school under the name Pezz and remained underground in Toronto's indie music scene until 2001. The band renamed itself Billy Talent after running into legal trouble with the old name. It was then that Kowalewicz's connection with a worker in Warner Music Canada's A&R landed the band a record deal and launched them into mainstream success.[2] Since then, Billy Talent has made two multi-platinum records in Canada,[3] and continues to expand their success overseas. As of September 11, 2007, the band has completed sixteen months of touring, and they have returned to Canada for a rest before beginning work on a new album.


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I would like to give a hearty welcome to all flash fiction aficionados.
Flash Fiction for the Purposeful Practitioner is a weekly writing challenge designed for both the flash fiction newbie and the more experienced writer. It is the desire of this challenge to allow writers the opportunity to clear the cobwebs from a more tedious and involved project. Becoming a part of a new and growing writer's community might be just what the doctor ordered to rejuvenate your writing juices.
Your Photo Prompt for Week #20 – 2016
The opening sentence for the May 12th Flash Fiction for the Purposeful Practitioner:"I had been waiting to hear those words my entire life…" Please use this sentence (or this thought) somewhere in your flash.
This challenge is open until 11:00 pm Friday night, May 20th, 2016.
Click on the Blue Frog to share.
The Six Easy Guidelines
- A photo prompt and an introductory sentence/ topic is to be used as your 'muse'. They will arrive promptly at midnight each Friday morning.
- Include the photo prompt and its credits with your story on your blog. Use of the introductory sentence/ topic is optional. Some followers like the introductory sentence ideas.
- All stories are to be crafted and honed to under 200 words in length.
- Each flash fiction piece should have a clear beginning, middle, and end. No serial stories. It is harder to stay abreast of a serial story. (Please keep content PG-13.)
- Post your flash fiction response by clicking on THE BLUE FROG. Follow the given directions.
- It is the desire of this blog to begin a new writing community. Plan a day to visit the writings of our challengers to enjoy our creations and to provide a little positive feedback.
Thank you for your participation. I look forward to reading each of your stories. Please remember to check back and follow the journeys of our fellow writers. Kind comments are always appreciated.
Written for Flash Fiction for the Purposeful Practitioner: Week #20 – 2016.


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Previous Entry Next Entry
Stone Heroes, by Léo Caillard
Konstantin B
…the compensation for all the things you simply did not do, polished to perfection. [more...]
The Story of Eames Furniture
Brimming with images and insightful text, this unique book is the benchmark reference on what is arguably the most influential and important furniture brand of our time. [more...]
Buy it here: Amazon
The Guggenheim: Frank Lloyd Wright and the Making of the Modern Museum
First-ever book to explore the process behind one of the greatest modern buildings in America. [more...]
Buy it here: Amazon
MoonFire: The Epic Journey of Apollo 11
A unique tribute to the defining scientific mission of our time, the 40th anniversary of the Apollo 11 Moon landing. [more...]
Buy it here: Amazon
Freedom Style Sex Power Motion Colour Everything. This lavish and beautifully designed book is the gift book for all car enthusiasts and design aficionados. [more...]
Buy it here: Amazon
Fjordfiesta Scandia Senior
by Hans Brattrud
A Norwegian furniture design classic from 1957, Scandia Senior is a comfortable high-back easy chair with a leather head cushion, on a satin swivel base. [more...]
Case Study Houses
"It's a huge coffee-table book, which analyses each of the houses in chronological order, with plans, sketches and glorious photographs." [more...]
Buy it here: Amazon
The Eames Lounge Chair
The book examines the evolution of a design icon and places it in its cultural, historical and social context. [more...]
Buy it here: Amazon
The U.N. Building
Symbol of world humanitarianism, a beacon of unity after the Second World War. More than 50 years on, the 39-story building is regarded as one of the pinnacles of mid-century modernism. [more...]
Buy it here: Amazon
Loblolly House
Including a DVD of the film "A House in the Trees", a real-time documentary of the design, fabrication, and assembly of this amazing house. [more...]
Buy it here: Amazon
The Shape of Things to Come. An up-to-date comprehensive survey on furniture and object design today, showcasing the crème de la crème of designers. [more...]
Buy it here: Amazon
Marcel Wanders
Behind the Ceiling is the first monograph on one of the most influential, prolific and celebrated international designers today. [more...]
Buy it here: Amazon
How to Wrap Five Eggs
A mid-60s classic of Japanese design. Stunningly laid-out paean to traditional Japanese packaging is rife with sumptuous black and white photos of all manner of boxes, wrappers and containers that appear at once homely and sophisticated, ingeniously utilitarian yet fine and rare. [more...]
Buy it here: Amazon


text:
Four AM
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Welcome to our website! As we have the ability to list over one million items on our website (our selection changes all of the time), it is not feasible for a company our size to record and playback the descriptions on every item on our website. However, if you have a disability we are here to help you. Please call our disability services phone line at (781) 935-2700 during regular business hours and one of our kind and friendly personal shoppers will help you navigate through our website, help conduct advanced searches, help you choose the item you are looking for with the specifications you are seeking, read you the specifications of any item and consult with you about the products themselves. There is no charge for the help of this personal shopper for anyone with a disability. Finally, your personal shopper will explain our Privacy Policy and Terms of Service, and help you place an order if you so desire.
Boston Appliance Showroom ®
Boston Appliance ® in Woburn, MA is an authorized dealer of XO Appliance Products. When buying any XO appliance you can be confident you have purchased a high quality, reliable, environmentally friendly, innovative and stylish product. XO considers its workforce to be their greatest single asset. Every single employee is of importance to the company, and most crucial of all are those whose dedication, innovation and spirit improve products and enhance operational efficiency.
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UN confirms chemical weapons used in Syria
UNITED NATIONS - Careful not to blame either side for a deadly chemical weapon attack, U.N. inspectors reported Monday that rockets loaded with the nerve agent sarin had been fired from an area where Syria's military has bases, but said the evidence could have been manipulated in the rebel-controlled stricken neighborhoods.
The U.S., Britain and France jumped on evidence in the report - especially the type of rockets, the composition of the sarin agent, and trajectory of the missiles - to declare that President Bashar Assad's government was responsible.
Russia, Syria's closest ally, called the investigators' findings "deeply disturbing," but said it was too early to draw conclusions. The Syrian government's claims that opposition forces were responsible for the attack "cannot be simply shrugged off," Russian Ambassador Vitaly Churkin insisted.
The conclusions represented the first official confirmation by impartial scientific experts that chemical weapons were used in Syria's civil war, but the inspectors' limited mandate barred them from identifying who was responsible for the Aug. 21 attack.
"This is a war crime," U.N. Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon told the Security Council when he presented the report. "The results are overwhelming and indisputable. The facts speak for themselves."
Ban called it "the most significant confirmed use of chemical weapons against civilians since Saddam Hussein used them" in Halabja, Iran, in 1988, and "the worst use of weapons of mass destruction in the 21st century."
The deep division between Western backers of rebels seeking to overthrow Assad and Russian and Chinese supporters of the regime has paralyzed the U.N. Security Council since the Syrian conflict began 2 1/2 years ago.
Even though the United States and Russia agreed Saturday on the framework to put Syria's chemical weapons stockpile and precursors under international control for future destruction, their top diplomats were at odds Monday over a new Security Council resolution that would make the deal legally binding - and whether there should be a reference to possible military enforcement if Syria doesn't comply.
After months of negotiations, the U.N. inspectors went to Syria to visit the sites of three alleged chemical attacks earlier this year and were in the capital of Damascus on Aug. 21 when reports and videos began surfacing of a shelling attack in which victims experienced shortness of breath, disorientation, blurred vision, nausea, vomiting, weakness and a loss of consciousness.
They finally gained access to three towns where the Aug. 21 attack occurred, and on one occasion their convoy was hit by sniper fire, but the inspectors were nonetheless able to collect a large amount of material and talk to survivors and witnesses.
"The environmental, chemical and medical samples we have collected provide clear and convincing evidence that surface-to-surface rockets containing the nerve agent sarin were used ... in the Ghouta area of Damascus," their report said.
"The conclusion is that chemical weapons have been used in the ongoing conflict between the parties in the Syrian Arab Republic, also against civilians, including children, on a relatively large scale," they said. "This result leaves us with the deepest concern."
The rebels and their Western and Arab supporters have blamed Assad's regime for the attack in the rebel-controlled area of Ghouta. The Syrian government insists the attack was carried out by rebels. The U.N. report mentions the Ghouta areas of Ein Tarma, Moadamiyeh and Zamalka, all of which were featured in videos of victims that emerged after the attack.
The U.N. report did not mention how many people were killed in the Aug. 21 attack. The U.S. says more than 1,400, but other death toll estimates have been far lower.
The report cited the following evidence to support its conclusions:
- Rockets and fragments were found to contain sarin. "Several surface-to-surface rockets capable of delivering significant chemical payloads were identified and recorded at the investigated sites," the investigators said.
- Close to the impact sites, in the area where people were affected, inspectors collected 30 soil and environmental samples - far more than any previous U.N. investigation - and in a majority of the samples, "the environment was found to be contaminated by sarin," its by-products, and "other relevant chemicals, such as stabilizers."
- Blood, urine and hair samples from 34 patients who had signs of poisoning by a chemical compound provided "definitive evidence of exposure to sarin by almost all of the survivors assessed."
- More than 50 interviews with survivors and health care workers "provided ample corroboration of the medical and scientific results."
"The large-scale use of sarin, the direction of the rocket attacks, and kind of rockets used in the attacks all point to use by Assad's forces beyond reasonable doubt," said Daryl Kimball, executive director of the Washington-based Arms Control Association.
"The conclusions reached by the United States and European governments would now appear to have received corroboration by a source the Russians and Syrians will have trouble discrediting," Kimball said.
The inspectors described the rockets used to disperse the sarin as a variant of an M14 artillery rocket, with either an original or an improvised warhead. The report said the rockets that hit two of the suburbs - Zamalka and Ein Tarma - were fired from the northwest, but it didn't say who launched them.
The inspectors did not provide a location for the rockets' launch site, but Qassioun Mountain, where the Syrian military is known to have bases, is roughly northwest of both suburbs.
"This was no cottage industry use of chemical weapons," Britain's U.N. Ambassador Mark Lyall Grant said.
"To put it in perspective, just on those rocket samples that they were able to examine, they had a payload of a total of 350 liters, which is 35 times the amount that was used in the Tokyo subway" in 1995, he said, adding that the inspectors also confirmed "that the quality of the sarin was superior" both to that used in Tokyo and also to what was used by Iraq against Iran.
U.S. Ambassador Samantha Power noted that chief inspector Ake Sellstrom said the weapons "were professionally made."
"It defies logic that the opposition would have infiltrated the regime-controlled area to fire on opposition-controlled areas," she said. "Only the regime could have carried out this large-scale attack."
But Churkin wondered why there were no reports of casualties among opposition fighters if government forces fired rockets filled with sarin to try to oust opposition groups from the area.
"Is it theoretically possible to fire five or six rockets and miss your opponent?" he asked.
The inspectors cautioned that the five sites they investigated had been "well- traveled by other individuals prior to the arrival of the mission."
"During the time spent at these locations, individuals arrived carrying other suspected munitions indicating that such potential evidence is being moved and possibly manipulated," the report said. The areas were under rebel control, but the report did not elaborate on who the individuals were.
In the report, Sellstrom said the team was issuing the findings on the Ghouta attacks "without prejudice" to its continuing investigation and final report on the alleged use of chemical weapons in three other areas. Ban said he expects the inspectors to return to Syria "as soon as possible" to complete their investigation.
Under an Aug. 13 agreement between the U.N. and the Syrian government, Sellstrom's team was scheduled to investigate an alleged chemical weapons attack on March 19 on the village of Khan al Assal outside Aleppo and alleged attacks on two other sites that were kept secret for security reasons. The inspectors' report for the first time identified the two sites still to be investigated as Sheik Maqsood and Saraqueb.
U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry and his French and British counterparts worked on a two-pronged approach to Syria: They called for enforceable U.N. benchmarks for eradicating the chemical weapons program and an international conference bolstering the moderate opposition.
An agreement reached with the Russians calls for an inventory of Syria's chemical weapons program within one week, with all components of the program out of the country or destroyed by mid-2014.
The next step must be a decision by the executive committee of the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons, which implements the convention that Syria has agreed to join, to endorse the U.S.-Russian agreement. The OPCW is based in The Hague, Netherlands, and it isn't certain when it will meet, although several diplomats said probably later this week.
Once the OPCW approves the agreement, the Security Council must adopt a resolution endorsing both the U.S.-Russian agreement and the OPCW decision.
"This resolution needs to enshrine the OPCW decision in legally binding form, because the OPCW does not have the ability to impose legally binding obligations," Britain's Lyall Grant said.
France and the U.S. insisted that a military response to the Aug. 21 attack remained on the table, and were pressing for a U.N. resolution reflecting that.
"It has to be strong, it has to be forceful, it has to be real, it has to be accountable, it has to be transparent, it has to be timely. All of those things are critical. And it has to be enforced," Kerry said.
"We will not tolerate avoidance or anything less than full compliance by the Assad regime," he added.
Kerry said the agreement "fully commits the United States and Russia to impose measures under Chapter 7 of the U.N. Charter in the event of non-compliance." Chapter 7 resolutions allow for military enforcement.
Lavrov said Chapter 7 was the subject of "fierce debate" during the talks but stressed that "the final document ... doesn't mention it" and that the Security Council resolution being negotiated will not be under Chapter 7.
He said if Syria fails to cooperate, the Security Council can pass an entirely different resolution "which may employ Chapter 7." Lavrov stressed that ongoing attempts to threaten the use of force against Syria would provoke the opposition and disrupt a chance for peace negotiations in Geneva that the U.S. and Russia have been trying to organize.
The Syrian National Coalition - the main umbrella opposition group - welcomed the inspectors' report and urged the Security Council to hold the Assad regime responsible for the Aug. 21 attack and refer the Syrian government to the International Criminal Court for prosecution.
Gen. Salim Idris, head of the rebel Free Syrian Army, said in an interview on the PBS NewsHour that the inspectors' report makes "very clear that there's a war crime."
He said the Syrian people "are very frustrated because of what's going on and because the international community is not caring anymore about the victims."


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Essential Oil Ylang Ylang Extra (Cananga Odorata), 0.5 oz., From Aura Cacia
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Essential oils absorb into the fluid surrounding the cells beneath the skin's surface for a variety of effects including deep cleansing, nourishing, rejuvenating and balancing. Essential oils also diffuse into the air to provide olfactory benefits.Essential Oil Ylang Ylang Extra (Cananga Odorata) 0.5 oz.
Extraction of Essential Oils To extract essential oils in the most effective manner while preserving their therapeutic benefits, they are either distilled or expressed. The two methods are briefly explained below.Essential Oil Ylang Ylang Extra (Cananga Odorata) 0.5 oz.
Distillation Pure essential oils are most commonly extracted from plants through the process of steam distillation. In this process, steam is introduced into a distillation chamber which contains the plant material. The steam breaks down the plant tissue, causing it to release its essential oil in a vaporized form. The vaporized essences, along with the steam and other substances, pass into a pipe through cooling tanks. The vapors return to liquid form and are separated from the water and captured as pure essential plant oil.
Expression Expression, also known as cold pressing, is done exclusively with citrus oils. In this method, the oil-containing outer layer of the fruit is pressed and filtered to yield pure essential oil.
It takes 50 pounds of eucalyptus, 150 pounds of lavender, 500 pounds of rosemary, 1,000 pounds of jasmine and over 2,000 pounds of rose to make a single pound of essential oil! The price of each essential oil is directly related to the amount of plant material needed for distillation.
Essential Oil Quality Every Aura Cacia essential oil must pass a battery of tests to ensure its authenticity, quality and purity. They perform four major tests in the scientific analysis on every essential oil:
Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GCMS) Gas chromatography separates the individual constituents of an essential oil and measures the amount of each constituent present. It confirms an oil's botanical identity by comparing presence & amount of each constituent. GC can screen for non-natural or missing constituents, or constituents occurring in unnaturally high ratios, signifying adulteration. With the addition of mass spectrometry capabilities in 2007, Aura Cacia testing capabilities have reached a new high. MS specificially identifies the constituents in essential oils by name and pinpoints the adulterants that are commonly used.
Specific Gravity Measures the weight of an essential oil at 25 degrees C. Every oil is made up of a unique constituents. At a given temperature, these constituents have a predictable weight. If an oil has been adulterated, the weight may be thrown off.
Optical Rotation Measures direction, left or right, and the degree to which light rays bend or rotate as they pass through an essential oil. Every oil is made up of unique constituents, which predictably influence the direction and degree to which light rays bend as they pass through the oil. If an oil has been adulterated, the degree of rotation may be thrown off.
Refractive Index Measures the speed at which light passing through an essential oil is refracted. Every oil is made up of unique constituents. These constituents predictably influence the speed and number of degrees at which they refract light. If an oil has been adulterated, the speed and degree of refraction may be thrown off.
Quality Expertise Aura Cacia's in-house biochemist, Dr Denys Charles, Ph.D., has spent the last 10 years studying and analyzing the composition of essential oils - learn more about Dr. Charles and his work.
Essential Oil Safety Essential oils are very concentrated. Their safe use requires they be treated with care and respect. The user should be knowledgeable about their properties and actions before any use. Most personal applications require drops rather than ounces.
Always read and follow all label warnings and cautions Keep oils tightly closed and out of the reach of children Never ingest essential oils Don't use undiluted oils on your skin (Dilute with vegetable oils such as sweet almond oil or grapeseed oil) Skin test oils before using. Dilute a small amount and apply to the skin on your inner arm. Do not use if redness or irritation occurs. Keep oils away from eyes and mucous membranes. If redness, burning, itching or irritation occur, stop using oils immediately. Angelica and all citrus oils make the skin more sensitive to ultraviolet light. Do not go out into the sun with these oils on your skin. Sweet fennel, hyssop, sage and rosemary should not be used by anyone with epilepsy. People with high blood pressure should avoid hyssop, rosemary, sage and thyme.
About Aura Cacia
Add The Simple Pleasures Of Aromatherapy To Your Everyday Life With Aura Cacia's Unparalleled Selection Of Essential Oils And Ready-to-use Skin Care Products. Create A Relaxing, Spa-like Setting In Your Own Home With Aura Cacia Products – Formulated From 100% Pure Essential Oils, To Provide True Aromatherapy Benefits For The Mind, Body, And Spirit.
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Montevideo, Uruguay – 1958 – A short, very fat, socially awkward, geeky 12 year old, played violin in a concert – as a soloist with the orchestra of the S.O.D.R.E. He got a standing ovation and did 4 short encores. The boy had played some Debussy, some Ravel and more, but what conquered the audience's heart, came at the end when – against his music teacher's orders – he played a superb rendition of Niccolò Paganini's Caprice Number 18. It was an extremely hard piece to play, especially for a little kid. Paganini is known for the devilishly intricate finger work his compositions require. The boy became very sick soon after and his parents (overly protective Holocaust survivors!) stopped his musical career right then and there, so as to take away any added pressure that might adversely affect him.
For more than half his life, since age 5, he'd studied the violin, practicing 3 hours a day after public school (in the mornings) and cheder (in the afternoon). During vacations, he often practiced 8 hours a day. Violin playing was his passion, suddenly, painfully, it was yanked away from him. It took a very long time to overcome the terrible void…
Kiron, Israel – 1968 – The socially awkward kid is no longer fat, no longer awkward, no longer a kid, he is a 22 year old married man who buys a violin. His then father in law – Bernard Fiedler, a"h – who had been a concert violinist in Vienna before WWII, encourages him. His wife proudly tells his parents; after a few days, the new violin disappears. "Your parents felt it was best," says the wife.
Fast forward, Manhattan, New York – 2013 – The second act of David Rubertone's bar mitzvah took place yesterday at noon in The Bentley Hotel's Penthouse, at the beautiful Prime Grill Restaurant, I had the privilege of video taping and photographing it, as I did about 6 weeks earlier at the Manhattan Sephardic Congregation. Suddenly – as David entertained the guests – I, the once fat, socially awkward, geeky kid, was filled with emotions at the happy and the sad memories, the tears and the triumphs, that David's violin playing brought back. Words fail me, but somehow I now feel that while the past is irretrievably gone, it is possible that my temps perdu, the days when I played the violin, might return yet.
One of the people who spoke at the bar mitzvah, addressing David, said that while he might think that it is his teachers who taught him over the years, it is really he who has been teaching them. I can't speak for his teachers but, I do know that in the three times I've met David, I learned a lot and actually found that lost time I so painstakingly had been searching for, seemingly in vain.
Marcel Proust, whose multi – volume novel's title I borrowed for this post, once said: The voyage of discovery is not in seeking new landscapes but in having new eyes.
Yesterday's bar mitzvah boy, unknowingly showed me a solution, taught me how to see with new eyes, gave me new strengths, made me discover new regions within myself…
Thank you David, perhaps it's time to take up the violin again!
The once short, very fat, socially awkward, geeky kid


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Studies: Some cancer treatments can be skipped
SAN ANTONIO – Tens of thousands of women each year might be able to skip at least some of the grueling treatments for breast cancer — which can include surgery, heavy chemo and radiation — without greatly harming their odds of survival, new research suggests.
The research is aimed at curbing overtreatment, a big problem in cancer care. Treatments help many women beat the disease, but giving too many or ones that aren't really needed causes unnecessary expense, trauma and lifelong side effects, such as arm swelling and heart troubles. Radiation can even raise the risk of new cancers.
Several studies presented Wednesday at the San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium, an international conference on the disease, identify groups of patients who might be able to safely forgo certain treatments.
One found that many older women can skip radiation after surgery for early-stage tumors. Two others suggest that surgery may not help patients whose cancer has already spread widely. A fourth study tested a "light chemo" combination that could become a new standard of care.
The trend is "less and less therapy" for certain cancer types, said one conference leader, Dr. C. Kent Osborne of Baylor College of Medicine.
The highlights:
Breast cancer is already widely spread in 5 to 20 percent of newly diagnosed patients, and at that point is usually incurable. The main treatment is chemotherapy or hormone treatments that attack cancer throughout the body. Sometimes doctors also remove the breast tumor in hope of prolonging survival, but this has not been put to a hard test.
Dr. Rajendra Badwe, director of the Tata Memorial Hospital in Mumbai, India, led a study of 350 women with widely spread cancers that had shrunk after initial chemotherapy. Half were given surgery to remove the breast or the lump plus any cancerous lymph nodes. The rest did not have surgery.
After about two years, 40 percent of both groups were alive, suggesting that medicines are enough and that these women can be spared the ordeal of having all or part of a breast removed.
A second study by Dr. Atilla Soran of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center of nearly 300 women in Turkey also suggests surgery is not helping, though there were hints that some groups did better or worse. Surgery seemed to help if cancer had spread just to bone, and it appeared to do harm if it had spread to the liver or lungs.
"These are incredibly important, big-deal studies," said Dr. Claudine Isaacs, a breast specialist at Georgetown University's Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center. Many doctors jumped on earlier, less rigorous studies and advised women to have surgery, and this should be a warning against that, she said.
The results also may spur interest in a U.S. study on the topic. Dr. Seema Khan of Northwestern University in Chicago has had so much trouble recruiting participants that she lowered her goal and may not be able to answer the question.
"There's a huge amount of bias" among doctors and patients about what is best, she said.
Most breast cancers are found at an early stage, and many women are treated with surgery followed by hormones or chemotherapy, plus radiation. But cancer medicines have gotten so good at lowering the risk of a recurrence that doctors wonder whether the radiation is still needed. It can cause heart and other problems, especially in older women, and three or four weeks of daily treatments can be a burden.
Dr. Ian Kunkler of the University of Edinburgh in Scotland led a study of 1,326 patients 65 or older with early-stage cancers whose growth was driven by hormones. This is the most common form of the disease and the age group that accounts for most cases. Half were given radiation and half skipped it.
After five years, roughly 96 percent of both groups were alive, and most deaths were not from breast cancer. About 1 percent of those given radiation had cancer recur in the treated breast versus 4 percent of those who skipped radiation.
For every 100 women given radiation, "one will have a recurrence anyway, four will have a recurrence prevented, but 95 will have had unnecessary treatment," Kunkler said. Since radiation did not affect survival or the risk of cancer spreading, skipping it "is a reasonable option."
"Light" Chemo
Doctors are unsure how to treat women with small tumors involving the gene that the drug Herceptin targets. Those tumors are low risk because they're still confined to the breast, but high risk because the gene is thought to make them more aggressive. Some women get heavy-duty chemo, including drugs that can damage the heart.
Dr. Eric Winer of the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute in Boston led a study of 406 women given "light chemo" — paclitaxel plus Herceptin for 12 weeks, followed by nine months of Herceptin alone. More than three years later, only four had cancer recur in the same breast, and two had recurrences in other places.
"This is likely to become a new standard," Winer said.
The cancer conference is sponsored by the American Association for Cancer Research, Baylor and the UT Health Science Center.


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Talented, great photographer, passionate baker, all these refer to Hannah Kaminsky and every single one is an understatement when referring to the very young Hanna Kaminsky.
With over 100 recipes and corresponding photos, spread over 239 pages, her new book – Vegan Desserts – is filled with succulent, easy to make confections. Hanna describes her common sense baking philosophy, in the Introduction, this way:
There's no question about it – food made with ingredients at their prime and in season tastes best. Deceptively simple in concept, but remarkably more complicated than most would like to admit, there's so much more to take into consideration than just the range of produce available at the nearest grocery store….
[..]Irresistible recipes are about more than fresh fruit – food always tastes better when made with joy, care, and just a pinch of good humor.
A few months ago I had the pleasure of meeting Ms. Kaminsky, at a photo shoot where she served as the food stylist. At the time it was obvious she had a photographer's eye for color, shape, positioning. When I picked up her book it became obvious that, though very young, she has also mastered the subtle nuances of flavors and their interaction.
The book is beautifully laid out, with the recipe pages matching or contrasting the colors of the accompanying photos. With sections like Ingredients Summary, Kitchen Tools and Toys, Troubleshooting, Components and Accompaniments, Food Allergy Index, most of the recipes are divided by season, here's one from the Summer section that's sure to become a favorite.
Roasted Apricot Ice Cream with Almond Praline Ripple
Roasting fruits and toasting nuts intensifies their flavors, allowing their unique characteristics to shine through, even mixed into a chilly application that can otherwise dull flavors. If you are in a hurry or can't wait to tame your ice cream appetite, you could leave the apricots as they are and substitute 1 cup of almond butter for the praline ripple, but in my opinion the incredible caramel essence you'll get with this recipe as written is more than worth the extra effort.
Almond Praline Ripple
- 1/2 Cup Whole Almonds
- 1/2 Cup Granulated Sugar
- 1/2 Cup Water
- 1 Teaspoon Light corn Syrup
- 1/2 Teaspoon SaltRoasted Apricot Ice Cream
- 1 Pound Fresh Apricots
- 1 Tablespoon Olive Oil
- 3/4 Cup Coconut Milk
- 1/2 Cup Dark Brown Sugar Firmly Packed
- 1 Teaspoon vanilla extract
- 1 Tablespoon AmarettoFirst, you'll want to make the almond praline ripple. Start by combining the sugar, water and salt into a small saucepan and placing it on the stove over medium heat. Cook the mixture for 10-12 minutes until it caramelizes and turns a deep amber color. Quickly stir in the almonds to coat and pour everything into a Silpat. Let it cook completely before breaking it into pieces and processing it into a smooth paste. Drizzle in the oil, and it should become the consistency of somewhat runny peanut butter. Cover and let rest in the fridge while you make the ice cream.
Preheat the oven to 400 F and lightly grease a sheet pan.
Wash and thoroughly dry the apricots before cutting them in half and removing the pits. Place the halves with the cut sides up on your prepared pan, and drizzle them all with the oil. Roast them for about 20 minutes, until they are so tender they can barely hold themselves together anymore.
Let the apricots cool a bit before scooping them all into your food processor and pureeing them. Once smooth, add in the coconut milk, sugar, vanilla, and amaretto processing to combine. Chill the mixture thoroughly in your fridge before freezing it in your ice cream maker per the manufacturer's directions.
After freezing in the machine, pour the ice cream out into a plastic tub and drizzle the almond praline paste on top. Use a spatula to marble it in, cover, and quickly move it into your freezer so it can solidify.
Even the most cursory flipping through the pages soon makes it all too apparent that Ms. Kaminsky indeed authored this book with joy, care and more than just a dash of love. Enjoy, gentle reader, enjoy!


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