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Assistant General Counsel - Power Generation Preston Ray
This article is from the "Cummins: All Access" series, a compilation of unique, reality-based stories featuring Cummins employees. The series is designed to give a behind-the-scenes perspective of Cummins employees as they develop their careers.
Cummins corporate legal team is a group of legal experts trained in both the legal boundaries of law and analysis of business transactions. In an effort to optimize the legal team's capabilities, Cummins recently rotated three in-house attorneys into new roles in the various business units to determine. Preston Ray stood out as the optimal choice for Assistant General Counsel for the Power Generation Business Unit.
And now for your All Access Pass:
In addition to his role supporting the Power Generation Business, Preston, an Indiana University graduate with a J.D. in Law, shares global responsibility for complex transaction including mergers and acquisitions, joint ventures and strategic long-term customer agreements.
"I was in the private practice world for a number of years before joining Cummins. I look back now and am glad I made the choice because every day is a different challenge. We deal with cross functional areas with different partners and nationalities. I'm constantly challenged by something new."
Because Preston's role deals with global business situations, his day often starts at different times. Today, he joins an early morning teleconference with the head of India's law department to talk about the new global transactions team and continued direction to launch the initiative. The colleagues end the call with their teams aligned to global needs and an agreed-upon scope of work.
"It's great to speak with my international counterparts because you get a different perspective. Law school in the USA often only shows things from the US perspective, especially in the case of business law. However, in China for example, a contract is just the beginning of a relationship. Further, as we spoke with our India team this morning, we realize we need to keep in mind the varying cultures we're working in and how that can affect our approach to business law."
By mid-morning, Preston is on another teleconference with an attorney in the UK office, who he mentors and manages. Preston is discussing the first six months of his colleague's new assignment in a segment of the Power Generation business and the attorney's long-term goals beyond his day-to-day activities. It's a chance for Preston to give back and help someone who is looking for guidance in specific situations unique to Cummins business.
"When I look back on my career, the people I've worked with often times define my satisfaction with a job. There are days that jobs are great and days when we face great challenges. The support and friendship I get from people help me learn something new everyday. When I'm working with young lawyers, I'm always trying to help them learn from our business and make the best of their day, too."
For lunch today, Preston walks around downtown Indianapolis and takes in the sights like the Indiana War Memorial. He enjoys exploring the budding culinary scene of a busy metropolitan area, including today's visit to a favorite butcher shop, tucked away from the local traffic.
After lunch, Preston has an impromptu strategy conversation with a colleague to discuss recent acquisition work in North America. The diverse group is strategizing to ensure the right support is in place and utilize a whiteboard to evaluate their team planning approach toward the scope. Defining everyone's role in a collaborative setting is critical, while ensuring each team member is comfortable with his or her goals and objectives. At the end of the conversation, both agree to recommend engaging a partner firm in Puerto Rico well versed in international employment law.
Preston heads back to his desk after the meeting and receives a request from the Association of Corporate Counsel in Indiana. The group has extended an invitation to an event for in-house attorneys to discuss hot topics around the state. He has also been asked to function as the treasurer for the not-for-profit organization and Preston reflects on the invitation, as he begins preparing for the meeting later in the week.
"It's important for me to participate in not-for-profit work, including work I've done in the past with the Indianapolis Bar Association's low asset will program. Cummins actively encourages us to participate in those organizations that mean something to us outside of work. Not-for-profits are a way to give back and put resources into what makes a community special. We hope we can lift up those who may not have the same opportunities."
Later in the afternoon, Preston begins planning for a business trip to Singapore for a meeting with the Cummins local legal team and external partner law firms. Cummins likes to get a sense of how law firms operate in Northeast and Southeast Asia, so international travel is important. During the normal workday, it can be challenging to connect across the time zones, so he will schedule face-to-face meetings as the business necessitates.
"It's innovative because we're a technology and customer-facing company. Everything has to be focused on value delivered for internal and external customers and what is presented. It's good to meet those who are entrenched in the business at hand so they can see our passion and the goals we establish for protecting our business."
After the tentative itinerary is established, Preston reviews the plan with his supervisor to gain feedback and perspective. She approves the trip and supports his commitment to developing local leaders to become better employees. He wraps up the meeting and leaves early to attend his eight-year-old's soccer practice. Cummins encourages employees to spend time with their families, especially when they've had an early start to the business day.
"I enjoy the global travel. We go to Brazil, London, Belgium, China and realize the business is growing and we have global work to do. At the same time, I think the balance here is focused on spending time with family when I'm home and having the opportunity to use technology to connect globally. Cummins is committed to work-life balance. Everyone works hard here. People understand you are expected to take your vacations and take care of your loved ones, even if it's as simple as soccer practice."


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Jack, a thief who hoodwinks the system and steals black money, is chased by Daniel, a cop intent on catching him. This action thriller portrays a game of cat and mouse that will keep you on tenterhooks!
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Network Relocation
Moving into a new house can often be stressful and sometimes a nightmare, moving an office can be even more stressful. Let us handle your IT needs which leaves you able to focus on other things. We can work with builders or landlords, all your service providers, etc. This allows us to have everything installed and in place so you can walk straight in and get back to business. The smallest impact and less time down as possible is our goal.
Network Wiring Solutions
Our network cabling services include data cabling, telephone cabling and coaxial wiring. Whether you are adding lines to an existing network, installing a surveillance system or moving an office and starting from scratch, we have you covered. We install CAT5e and CAT6 rated wiring from the wall jack to the wiring closet.
Mobile Device Support
Mobile devices have become an essential asset for many businesses. Many employees and executives find that they can't live without the convenience of having their calendar, e-mail, and other applications at their literal fingertips. DBS supports Apple iOS and Android devices which connect to your business network. We also provide advanced security options to protect your data that is most at risk. If a device becomes lost or stolen, the remote data can be cleared to prevent it from falling into the wrong hands.
Many businesses are going to a paperless office. DBS has technology solutions to help you start a paperless environment and transition many of your old documents to an electronic filing cabinet. Our e-doc solution offers the ability to scan a document extremely fast, import documents from any image file, search documents, full OCR (optical character recognition), and is HIPAA compliant.
Virus & Spyware Protection
A past, present, and future problem in the technology industry is the reason firewalls exist: viruses. There will always be people out there who seek to do harm whether for profit, selfishness, or fun. The results can range from a minimal impact to catastrophic events. Virus protection uses a multitude of tools: anti-virus software, updates for that software, helping stop spam and those unsolicited emails, and more. However, that is only half the battle. We will make sure that your employees have training on dos/don'ts, should/should nots, can/can nots, and dangers signs so they can aid in the fight.
Spam Reduction
Spam can be a silent enemy, what you don't know can be sitting in a folder, causing problems without you realizing what is causing that problem. For example, spam that is not dealt with can cause your computer to run slow. The right tools can help cut your spam issues down and cut down on hours spent by employees having to clean the folder out on a constant basis. Sometimes settings and actions unknown to the business can actually cause the company to be on a list for sending spam. Spam protection can help prevent this from happening.
Next Steps...
Feel free to contact us concerning a quote or to discuss your business needs.


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I've been told that retailers at the DC Retailer Roadshow have been informed to expect a Justice League 3000 comic from Keith Giffen, JM DeMatteis and Kevin Maguire, replacing the Legion Of Superheroes books on DC's slate.
We ran a story suggesting just this kind of thing a few months ago and have been following hints and tips soon.
Will this succeed in the New 52 where the Legion books didn't? Well, I confess to never having found myself a Legion fan before… But I know I'll be buying this.
Fan image courtesy if DotStar Studios…
UPDATE: CBR have confirmed the story, with lots of lovely art.
A red headed Flash? Is that you Wally? And hey, is that Donna?


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Parallax Corporate Timeline After Effects Template
- After Effects CS4 and up
- 12 Placeholders for Photos or Videos
- 12 Text areas
Parallax Corporate Timeline
Create a timeline slideshow for any type of video!
The Parallax Corporate Timeline helps you create a unique video that displays important events on a timeline. Start with your logo or main intro for your business, wedding (relationship status), or documentary.
The timeline animation acts as a device taking viewers from one event to the next. The modular set up makes it easy to remove or add more dates to the video. The timeline, numbers and text areas all have master controls for text size, colors, and position on screen.
This project renders fast so when you need an interesting way to show events or the passing of time this is the template that will help you get that project out the door quick!
Template Features:
- 12 Placeholders for Photos or Videos
- 12 Text areas
- Closing Scene with Logo
- No Third Party Plugins
- HD (1920x1080)
- Adobe After Effects CS4 and all newer versions
- TRT: (01:15) Main Montage Preview
- Music used in the preview can be purchased here.
Video Tutorial Will Show You How To:
- Replace Images
- Customize Text Areas
- Introduce you to the easy controls panel
- Add another scene to the animation


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Reuters – Dubai-listed logistics group Aramex expects double-digit net profit and revenue growth for 2013 and is eyeing acquisitions in South Africa and east Africa in the second half of this year, its vice-chairman said on Wednesday.
Nine-month net profit at the firm rose 13% year-on-year and full-year results should be in line with this, Fadi Ghandour, founder and vice-chairman, told Reuters on the sidelines of a youth unemployment event.
Ghandour said he was "relatively optimistic" about the company's performance in 2014, with African expansion, the growth of internet shopping in the Middle East and its oil and gas business all expected to be key earnings drivers this year.
Africa would be Aramex's main focus for growth, Ghandour said, with expansion through a mixture of new operations, setting up licence agreements in some countries – which would be fully-fledged Aramex businesses but owned by local partners – and acquisitions.
"Most interesting is going to be east Africa and South Africa. We've done one a couple of years ago in South Africa and we'd like to do one more," he said, referring to the purchase of logistics firm Berco Group in December 2011.
Nigeria and Turkey were also attractive locations, although the former had great potential but was a challenging market.
Ghandour did not expect to make any acquisitions before the third quarter of this year and anything costing below $100m, Aramex could finance itself, he said.
The company's unleveraged balance sheet meant it would have no difficulty borrowing from banks if it needed funding for any purchases, he said.
"We know, from our talking to [banks] informally over the past two to three months, that there is plenty of debt available to tap into," Ghandour said, adding the firm had no plans to make a debut bond offering.
Aramex shares closed 0.3% higher on Wednesday at AED 2.99, just short of a seven-and-a-half-year closing peak of AED 3.04 set on 31 December.


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MARINA Marina Lošinj
Marina Lošinj is located on the W coast of the island of Lošinj, in the northern part of Lošinj Bay, north of the Privlaka passage. The town of Mali Lošinj is just 1 km away from the marina. Despite marina's good position in a sheltered Lošinj Bay, south winds can be unpleasant and boats should not be moored too close to the quay wall. Marina Lošinj is open all year round. Lošinj is a popular tourist destination, which means the island and the marina get very busy and crowded, especially in July and August.
The marina has 84 wet berths, all of which are equipped with water and electricity. It can accommodate boats up to 18 m in length. The sea depth by the narrow concrete pier is between 1.5 and 3 m. In the NW part of the marina, sea depth is around 5 m, which makes it more suitable for yachts.
- Number of berths 84
- Dry berths None
- Maximum length overall/LOA 18 metres
- Max. draft 5 metres
- Depth 1.5 - 5 metres
- Berthing assistance Yes
- Type of berthing Mooring line
- Water Yes
- Electricity Yes
- Reception desk
- Currency exchange
- Fully accessible toilet and shower facilities
- Maintenance and repair shop
- Wi-Fi
- Launderette
- Restaurant
- Bar
- Grocery store
- Fuel station
- Car park
- Garbage and recyling bins
- Video surveillance
- Bike, boat and scooter rental
- 5 t crane
- 50 t travel lift
Useful Information
There is an ambulance, hospital, pharmacy, post office, police, port authority, supermarket, shops, bakeries, nautical equipment stores, private accommodation, hotels, farmers' market and fish market in the town of Mali Lošinj.
The Privlaka passage near the marina is very narrow, just 8 m wide and 80 m long. Its depth is approximately 2.4 m. The drawbridge opens every day at 9 a.m. and at 6 p.m., and the limit is 20 tonnes. In case of strong winds, the bridge is closed due to dangerous waves. Vessels coming out of the marina have right of way.
The island of Lošinj is well connected to the mainland and other islands by ferries, catamarans, buses and aeroplane. The nearest airport is on the island itself, 3.2 nautical miles (5.9 km) from Mali Lošinj town. However, Lošinj airport is not as busy and connected as Rijeka Airport on Krk Island, which is the second closest airport. The best and fastest way to Lošinj Island from Rijeka Airport is by bus from Omišalj.


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A six-strong team of RSPCA officers completed a dramatic rope rescue of a Great Orme goat, on Tuesday (15 August).
The young male goat had become trapped on a ledge, towering above Llandudno's Marine Drive.
RSPCA Cymru closely monitored the animal's progress, and it became apparent a rope rescue team would be required to bring the goat to safety.
Access to the goat was discussed with a local ranger, and – after carrying out a detailed risk assessment – RSPCA frontline staff approached the trapped animal from above.
RSPCA officers Andrew Broadbent, Jenny Anderton, Mike Pugh, Nayman Dunderdale, Ann Lloyd Williams and Vicki Taylor completed the rescue.
Officers abseiled from an area, approximately 30 metres above the goat. He was caught by the horns by RSPCA inspector Anderton, who held him while RSPCA inspector Broadbent bagged up the animal; abseiling a further 20 metres before releasing the unharmed goat on safe land.
Mike Pugh, RSPCA inspector said: "This was a complex rescue, as it was imperative to ensure the goat was calm enough so he didn't panic, and dangerously jump off the towering ledge.
"The goat spent over a week on the ledge, and by the time he had eaten all available food, it became obvious that an RSPCA rope team would be required."
RSPCA inspector Andrew Broadbent added: "We devoted significant resources to rescuing this goat, in what was a challenging but highly successful rescue.
"Officers abseiled a great distance to catch the goat, before he was bagged up, and released on safe ground.
"Thankfully, the goat was completely unharmed after the ordeal of getting caught, and we were just delighted that our North Wales rope team was able to help another stranded animal."
If you wish to help the RSPCA complete rescues such as this, you can give £3 now by texting LOVE to 87023 (text costs £3 + one standard network rate message). We are a charity and rely on public donations to exist.


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Clue: With 51-Across, a fake handle?
We have 1 answer for the clue With 51-Across, a fake handle?. See the results below.
Possible Answers:
Related Clues:
- ___ guerre
- Plume preceder
- ___ plume
- Words before plume or guerre
- __ plume: pen name
- __ plume
- __ guerre
- ___ plume: pen name
- Words before "plume" or "guerre"
Last Seen In:
- New York Times - May 17, 2003
Found an answer for the clue With 51-Across, a fake handle? that we don't have? Then please submit it to us so we can make the clue database even better!


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Comfortable Swim Goggles
Some swimmers are simply looking for a pair of goggles that can stay comfortable for hours on end. Fitness, long distance and recreational swimmers are able to enjoy the many benefits of comfortable goggles. Because they aren't too concerned with their goggle's streamline shape, these swimmers can afford to sacrifice a low profile for extended wear comfort.
Large Lenses
Goggles and masks with larger lenses tend to create a more comfortable fit. Since larger shaped lenses have to sit further off the face, the lenses and frames are able to stay more comfortable around the eyes and eye sockets. But, that doesn't mean that swimmers who prefer easy to wear goggles and masks have to sacrifice performance. Most goggles feature durable lens materials, and many models include a built-in fog resistant coating and UV ray protection. This allows the large-lens goggles to perform well in any indoor or outdoor environment.
Cushioned Gasket
A soft, pliable gasket is another feature that's found on comfortable goggles and masks. While competition goggles attempt to minimize the amount of cushion around the eyes in order to create a streamline shape, recreational goggles are able to utilize soft gaskets for a more comfortable fit. The gasket is the small ring of material that rims the outer part of the lenses. It not only helps cushion the delicate skin around the eyes, but also works to keep water out of the mask. It is typically made from soft, durable foam or pliable silicone. When searching for a great pair of comfortable goggles, be sure to look for a pair that features a well-defined, pliable gasket.
Extended Wear
Of course, the one thing that swimmers love most about comfortable goggles and masks is their ability to be worn for extended periods of time. These types of goggles combine a cushioned gasket with large, easy to use lenses for a completely relaxed and stress-free fit. Comfortable goggles are great at the pool, can function perfectly at the beach or lake, and even keep up with fitness and endurance swimmers during long training sessions.


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SMEs still lack confidence to seek credit
The latest Bank of England report on lending has revealed that more credit was available to SMEs but many remain unwilling to try to get access to it
The amount of credit available to small businesses increased significantly in the last quarter of 2012 as the government's Funding for Lending Scheme started to have an impact.
The latest Trends in Lending report from the Bank of England indicates that although credit remained a problem for firms of all sizes things have started to improve in terms of the availability of funding.
"The overall availability of credit to the corporate sector increased significantly in 2012 Q4, according to respondents to the Credit Conditions Survey. This was reflected in a significant increase in availability for medium-sized firms, an increase in availability for large firms, and a slight increase for small firms. Lenders in the survey commented that the Funding for Lending Scheme had been important in increasing credit availability to the corporate sector," stated the bank.
But it also revealed that the demand for credit, particularly from smaller firms, remains low, with a lack of confidence about the prospects of success for a funding application one of the main reasons for that muted attitude.
"Looking forward, lenders in the Credit Conditions Survey expected credit availability for firms of all sizes to increase in the coming quarter," the Bank of England report added.
Matthew Fell, CBI director for competitive markets, said that it was positive to see that lower borrowing costs were getting to firms and the Funding for Lending scheme was making an impact.
"However, weaker demand for finance among small and medium-sized businesses indicates that they are still lacking confidence to invest, so raising awareness of available schemes is crucial. The British Business Bank must be put into action without delay to ensure government support is visible and reaching businesses that need it most," he said.


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Cultural critics Jeremy Gilbert and Ewan Pearson point out that music can be understood either as possessing or producing meanings, or as producing effects which cannot be explained in terms of meaning — that "music can affect us in ways that are not dependent on understanding something, or manipulating verbal concepts, or being able to represent accurately those experiences through language." Music thus has a metaphysical dimension; where music affects the body, the distinction between outside — where the music comes from — and inside — where the music is felt — is radically called into question. Musicologist John Shepherd therefore describes music as a site of exchange, a shifting boundary between the outer and the inner.
Sound thus differs from vision. The eye and its gaze have long been the primary trope of European thought — what cultural theorist Luce Irigaray calls "the predominance of the visual, and of the discrimination and individualization of form." This discourse privileges the visual as the purest and most important form of sense experience. Thus, vision encourages projection into the world, occupation and control of the source of experience; whereas sound "encourages a sense of the world as received, as being revelatory rather than incarnate."
But the visual is a relatively less important part of the cognitive set of the jungle dweller. When I studied jungle survival with mestizo instructor Gerineldo Moises Chavez, I was struck by how little emphasis he placed on animal tracking; instead, the mestizos have a great ability to recognize and imitate the sounds of the animals, along with an intimate knowledge of their habits and likely locations. On one level, of course, mestizos do not emphasize tracking when they hunt because the thin jungle soil simply does not take tracks well, and rain regularly washes away both tracks and sign in any event. But there may be more. Two anthropologists — Peter Gow, speaking of Western Amazonia, and Alfred Gell, speaking of New Guinea — emphasize the spatial boundedness of rainforest life. As Gow puts it,
It is hard to see Amazonia as landscape, in the sense this term has for people from temperate climes. The land does not recede away from a point of observation to a distant horizon, for everywhere vegetation occludes the view. In the forest, sight penetrates only a short distance into the mass of trees. Along the big rivers, you can see further, but even here there is no distant blue horizon. The sky starts abruptly from behind the screen of forest.
To travel in the jungle, Gow says, "is to pass through an endless succession of small enclosed spaces." Gell speaks the same way of New Guinea. "I spent fourteen months," he writes, "in visual surroundings limited to tens of metres … To this day, I do not know what Umeda village looks like from a distance." Gell proposes that such a primary forest environment imposes an organization of sensibility that emphasizes both hearing and smell over vision.
Thus, hunting in dense forest "places a premium on hearing as the main sensory modality for detecting objects and events at a distance, where they are invariably out of sight." Gell also notes the large class of vocal "sound effects" with which the Umeda punctuate and illustrate their stories — a phenomenon I had noted among the mestizos, and had puzzled over, until I had read Gell's article. Thus, the mestizo shaman inhabits a sound world in which sound itself is meaningful and powerful beyond words.
And thus the icaro — sung, whispered, whistled, breathed softly — and the rustling sound of the shacapa, the leaf-bundle rattle.


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How can I detect that the project has the wrong configuration?
Usually such projects have unresolved include directives. These are shown in the Projects window, as small question marks on a blue background in the upper right corner of the project node. You can see the list of the unresolved include directives by right-clicking on the project node and choosing Code Assistance > Show Failed #include Directives.
Applies to: NetBeans 5.5.1 and later
Platforms: all


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I'm telling you, as a manager your work ethic and behavior are totally unacceptable.
Bernard Chan strolled into his office with sluggish steps as usual at 9.45am, way past the time he set upon his team of sales staff for the daily meeting at 9am. As usual he smoked nonchalantly like there was no tomorrow and ignored all the staff's glare as his office was a non-smoking zone with the air-conditioning running. This morning he had something else that caught everybody's eyes: he had a large bottle of root beer tugged under his right armpit as he staggered into his office, a modern show room of 4 wheels drive trucks. He ignored the greetings of the janitors who were mopping the floor and did not respond to the 'Good morning' accosting of his female clerical staff. As he sat down senior sales executive Robert got into his room and told him: "Hey Bernard, you've got hypertension in your blood system and you're diabetic too; you still dare to drink this stuff?" pointing at the Sales Manager's bottle of root beer. The sickly, foul tempered manager struggled to stand up and released a fusillade of unprintable words at the well-intention staff and continued: "You think that you won't die? You probably die earlier than me!" Poor Robert felt that it was not his desirable way to begin a day of tough field work with a hot argument with his boss. "This boss will never learn to redress his problems." He left the sales manager's room as quickly as he could.
Boring, no one is willing to get close enough for a chat
Steve Job was known to be a harsh and overbearing boss to his staff; he was excessively demanding and sometimes irrational.
Bernard Chan lit up another cigarette and stared at the stack of files atop his table waiting for his approval and signature. He shouted loudly: CK Tee, are you there? One minute later senior sales consultant CK Tee walked into Bernard's room. "What's breakfast this morning?" The manger asked shamelessly as he knew well Tee would be too willing to buy him the first meal of the day. Two other sales consultants joined them for breakfast at a coffee shop (known as Kopitiam locally). With cigarette in hand Bernard kept talking about his English wife whom he had divorced before his return to his home country. He had flunked his examinations while in his 2nd year university studies. The sales personnel had all fed up with his super bragging of his hedonic and salacious lifestyle when he was living in the
as a student. "What a shameless geek!" The cursed silently, "An overbearing scumbag too!" Most of them had encountered his outburst of insensitive words, therefore they bore acrimony against their manager. United Kingdom
Kopitiams a.k.a. as coffe shops of the early days used to be a melting pot for all races in the country to dine and drink low-priced fare together for friendly gatherings. Unfortunately due to the awakening on the emphasis of islamic values, the scenes of the harmony had gone. Nowadays the so-called Kopitiams are the expensive bistros that attract the chic and hic, affluent customers. The old styled kopitiams have gone with the wind in major cities.
An hour after Bernard Chan returned to his office after his breakfast, he still had not laid his hands on those sales order files waiting for his attention. An irate and impatient sales consultant Aaron Sham approached him regarding a sales order he closed for the final procedure, viz. registration of a 4wheel drive vehicle.
Let's fight it out under the hot sun to see who's the tougher one!
Bernard Chan: What do you want?
Aaron Sham: Bernard, please sign the document quickly so that I can register the vehicle and subsequently I can proceed to deliver the truck to the customer. All documents are complete, and full down payment has been collected. The application for the loan has been approved. The undertaking letter from the bank is attached with the sales order.
Bernard Chan: Why in the world you hurry me? There is a standard procedure; things go through its course before my approval.
Aaron Sham: But that file had been on your table for the past three days.
Bernard Chan: Are you trying to tell me how to do my job?
Aaron Sham: I don't mean to. But for heaven's sake, I've a dateline for the delivery; it's a promise to my client.
Bernard shrugged his shoulder: That's between you and your customer. It's not my promise, nor my business.
Aaron Sham: How could you be so irresponsible as a departmental head, you've no sense of urgency, defying the principle of customer relation come first.
Bernard Chan lost his head: You idiot, you dare to challenge my authority!
He stood close to Aaron and pushed him with his bare hands, gesturing for a fight. Smart and alert Aaron backed few step away and declared:
"No problem! It's a fist fight and close body combat with bare hands and no weapon needed. Before we proceed to that, I want you to ponder your chance of immediate death fallen upon you when you have high blood pressure and you're an incurable diabetic. I'll just aim my punches at your left chest; that'll will do. For me I'm okay even we're about the same age. I played tennis every week and I can skip the ropes 60 times at a single effort. I've no known sickness. But since you challenged me for a fight, I obliged. Before we begin I want the guard of the office Mr. Rashid Rahman to be our witness, confirming that you're the challenger, not me. And if death comes quickly to you, as expected, it's wholly your own doing, nothing of my fault at all! Wait a minute, you and I will sign a declaration first too, certifying that you agree to all my terms; and Mr. Tee and Robert will sign as witness for us. Okay?" It looked like Aaron's psychological warfare worked well.
Pandemonium broke up in a fight between two sales personnel over sales order.
Almost immediately Bernard retreated to become a shrinking worm to remain silent. He could not display any more of his belligerent attitude but sat down to his chair, sulked like an over grown child, then he took out his pen. Very shortly Aaron's sales order file was approved and he left the office to register the vehicle at the registry of transport. Though he seemed to have an upper hand as a victor, he felt the need to report the incident to the human resource department. Aaron called the HR manager Mohd Ayeop and told him that his egregious branch manager challenged him for a fist fight. "Oh, that's serious! You sure it's not an insubordinate matter?" After taking down all the details over the phone, the HR manager called the general manager.
The great outdoor outings to the difficult terrains of hilly roads and jungle tracks, and with many river crossings, making 4x4 expeditions through tropical rain forest of Malaysia an unforgettable experience.
The following month Bernard Chan had no choice but to report for duty to a totally new location 1,370km away. He arrived at the company's branch office at Miri, an East Malaysian city at the northern part of the
. With his despicable ability to administrate the branch he met with much resistance from his new team of sales staff. The head office in Borneo Island only was interested in optimum sales figures, and for that matter Bernard Chan was in blue heaven again. His branch excelled in selling 4 wheels drive trucks as it possessed a team of old timed, experienced, and capable sales consultants. The rough terrain and not so modern labyrinth of country roads warranted the use of 4wheels drive trucks much more than the Peninsula Malaysia counterparts. Bernard Chan continued his unhealthy way of life in consuming alcohol and chained smoking. One night after a heavy outing of drinking with his bunch of new friends, he suffered a stroke and collapsed there and then unconscious. For a good 15 minutes, his heart stopped beating. Two diligent paramedics arrived on time in an ambulance helped to resuscitate him back to life. He was lucky; the hospital was just 1km away from the scene. Kuala Lumpur
Has one got to be in such critical state only to realise what a foolish man
he has been? Or will he just lament that life had been unfair to him.
Eventually he was brought back to
like a terminally ill patient for medical treatment. He enjoyed 6 months of medical leave with pay and another 6 months without pay. A years passed he was more or less alright, thank his lucky star that his company also owned a 5 star-rated medical centre. He had to foot most of the medical bills as his company paid only a certain percentage. He was in dire strait as he had little saving due to his lavish life style. He had a school going teenage son and a non-working wife. They lived in an apartment he bought with 90% loan; he needed to pay a hefty sum every month just to service the loan. Right now Bernard Chan was penniless. He had few friends as he had offended their good intention with his foul language and mannerism. Most of them kept a safe distance from him like avoiding an intimidating leech. The head office deemed him a pain in the ass and a source of embarrassment so they were happy to see him go as just 3 months after his discharge from the hospital, (without settling the medical bills fully) he was due for retirement at his 55th birthday. There was a farewell lunch thrown for his departure alright and that was about it. The head office was too glad to rid of a nitwit manager who had a history of dereliction of duties. Kuala Lumpur
While he was still alive, able to walk albeit with shaky footing, and slurred speech handicap, he sought help from his former associates, begging them to offer him any post of a manager. None of them obliged as they saw him a valueless man in his dying remaining days. When all effort failed, Bernard Chan became a junior sales representative at 55 yrs old, the lowest post of a sales position. His days were numbered, he told himself and when confiding in CK Tee, the only person on earth willing to listen to his plight. "It's tough being in the sales industry." He lamented lamely with an inaudible sigh. Bernard Chan had his right leg amputated two years after his retirement, as ganglion infected his foot so severely due to chronic diabetic.
Good managers are popular and able to win respect and support from their staff so as to make the office a better and congenial place to work.
Alan CY Kok


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Lifting up water to lift up communities
The holistic and passionate work of AIDFI with its ram pump is already changing the lives of hundreds of thousands of poor upland villagers.
I confirm that I am fully aware of the eligibility criteria, and based on its description, I am eligible to apply to the CSV Prize 2017.
- Yes, I'm eligible
Preferred language
- English
Organization nameAIDFI
Year founded1992
Initiative stage
- Scaling (the solution has passed the previous stages and is growing its impact on a regional or global scale)
Annual budget in 2017 (USD)
- $500k - $1m
Number of beneficiaries impacted so far
- More than 100,000
Organization type
- Nonprofit, NGO, or citizen sector
Secondary Focus Area
- Rural development
- Nutrition
Headquarters location: Country
- Philippines
Headquarters location: CityBacolod City
Location(s) of impactPhilippines: nationwide Nepal: nationwide Afghanistan: Northern Provinces Colombia: Llanes province
Facebook URLhttps://www.facebook.com/AIDFI/
Twitter URLhttps://www.twitter.com/AidfiOrg
Problem: What problem is this initiative trying to address?Worldwide some 663 million people lack basic access to (safe) drinking water. In the Philippines around 35% of the villages are water less. Lack of water causes many difficulties for the populace in health, nutrition, sanitation and livelihood. The priority of AIDFI is working in these neglected and poor communities where the people must go down dangerous paths to fetch water manually and spent a lot of time for that. By now bringing up water automatically the lives of the villagers improve tremendously in many ways.
Solution Summary: What is the proposed solution? What do you see as its most promising aspects for creating shared value?If there is free flowing water even at 5 kilometers distance or 230 meters below the village, the AIDFI water powered ram pump can bring the water up 24/7 at no operational and hardly any repair and maintenance cost. The water being delivered in mostly tenfold, completely changes the lives of the families benefiting of it. The AIDFI model is unique since it is a crossbreed model which can be manufactured locally and has simple and easily available spare parts. Then AIDFI not only concentrates on building quality pumps and systems but applies a holistic community approach to create sense of ownership and a sustainable management over the ram pump drinking water system. Also, the solution of the AIDFI ram pump saves the environment of harmful CO2 and SO4 emissions compared to electric or fuel operated pumps. In the Philippines AIDFI expands its work through training additional installation teams and internationally through Technology Transfer (Afghanistan, Nepal, Colombia and Mexico)
Impact: What is the impact of the work to date? Specify both the social and the environmental impact of your workBringing free flowing water near the doorsteps of villagers in tenfold, compared to what they used to have, brings many benefits: time and money saved from fetching, kids no longer skipping classes for fetching water, kids no longer bullied for smell, less skin and waterborne diseases, better sanitation, laundry can be done at home, better nutrition from vegetable growing, animal and fish raising and livelihood opportunities. In the Philippines AIDFI has installed ram pumps in 490 sites with nearly 1000 ram pumps which benefited some 260,000 villagers. Nearly a thousand local village technicians have been trained in operation, repair and maintenance. The ram pumps AIDFI installed save the environment some 6 Million-kilogram CO2 and over 100,000 kg SO4 on a yearly basis. Through four complete technology transfers AIDFI enabled groups in other countries to replicate the work of AIDFI. Two more technology transfers (India and PNG) are in the pipeline but lack the necessary funds.
Financial sustainability plan: How is this initiative financially supported? How will you ensure its financial sustainability long-term?AIDFI operates as a self-reliant not for profit organization with its main initiative the ram pump, it covers about 80% of the yearly funds needed to operate. About 90% of this initiative is supported through grants derived from companies that AIDFI partners with. Only around 10% is through earned income from individuals who have a system installed either on their farms or for household purpose. All revenue earned is invested back in the program. AIDFI works already for five years with Coca-Cola and most probably this partnership will continue for another three years. Then AIDFI has a partnership with the Department of Agriculture which also already is in its fifth year. AIDFI is busy exploring new funding from corporations for them to off set their water use through the ram technology
Unique value proposition: What makes your initiative innovative? How does your project differ from other organizations working in the same field?The initiative of AIDFI is very unique in the sense that it has consistently worked passionately on the technology in a holistic way for so many years. It developed a cheaper crossbreed model which can be manufactured, operated, repaired and maintained locally and is durable and efficient. In the same time a complete package on the social aspects was developed and applied. Most other ram pump initiatives are focused on the technical side only and their ram models are inferior in quality.
Founding story: Share a story about the "Aha!" moment that sparked the beginning of this initiative.The "Aha" moment of the ram was when I (co-founder of AIDFI) prepared myself at the age of 22 for my transfer to the Philippines to work with the poor. I volunteered with an AT group at a Technical University in the Netherlands. In a water-lab we experimented with a ram pump made from cement, bamboo pipes and pieces of car tires. Unbelievable to discover this technology for the first time and to find out that water can be pushed to very high elevation automatically without external energy. It never really left my mind and I always planned to further work with this 'magical' technology. I, and later AIDFI, spent tirelessly thousands of hours 'playing' with ram pumps and continuously worked to further simplify, modify and spread the ram. It is still a wonder for me why this technology actually never spread. Now 230 years later in a digital era we have the chance to do that spreading
Where did you hear about the Nestlé Creating Shared Value Prize?
- Social media
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Fixing these small mistakes can improve your guitar playing dramatically.
Teaching yourself to play the guitar can be a little dangerous, because without that extra set of trained eyes a teacher has, you can miss some small fixes that make a huge difference in your playing. Here's three very common mistakes that are easy to fix.
Easy Fix #1: Holding your pick correctly. Incorrectly gripping your pick will only get you a floppy, slapping sound and a lack of control. You may see some different techniques out there, but I've found this one to be very comfortable for beginners.
Hold the pick between the pad of your thumb and the side (not tip or pad, but side) of your index finger. Your thumb covers most of the wide part of the pick and your index finger covers the back part. Only about a quarter inch of the tip of the pick should stick out. More than that gives you that slappy sound you don't want.
With experience you'll learn to adjust your pick for different situation. When I'm playing a single note melody I use even less than that quarter inch. Just the tiniest tip. For strumming I'll use a little bit more pick.
Hold the pick just tight enough to keep good control of it while you strum, but not so tight that your hand is stiff. If your hand gets sore, you're probably holding it too tight.
If you're having trouble picturing how to hold the pick, Dunlop makes a line of training picks that have grips in the right places to teach you how to hold it.
Easy Fix #2: Your picking direction. Which direction your pick is going affects how your strum will sound. That's why sometimes you'll be playing the right rhythm, yet something sounds off about your strum. There are exceptions to all of these, but these guidelines will always get you in the right place.
When strumming quarter notes: 1 2 3 4
Use all downstrokes.
When strumming eighth notes: 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 &
Alternate starting with a downstroke on 1. Each down beat (the numbers) will be a downstroke. All the "ands" will be upstrokes.
Possible Exception: In metal and hard rock music, eighth notes are often all downstrokes because it makes them sound more aggressive. You'll switch to double stroke picking for 16th notes and faster.
When playing sixteenth notes: 1 e & a 2 e & a 3 e & a 4 e & a
You'll play these with alternate picking as well. This time the downstroke with be on the 1 and &. the upstroke will be on e and a. The main difference here, from eighth notes, is that the "&" gets a downstroke instead of up.
If you have a rhythm that leaves out note such as 1 _ & a, you will still stick to the normal picking pattern. Down on "1", down on "&", up on "a".
Always keep your right hand moving in an up/down motion the whole time, even if you're not hitting anything on a particular beat. That creates your own metronome and your strumming and rhythms will sound more connected.
Easy Fix #3: Left thumb placement. This can be a hard habit to break if you've developed a bad one, but you'll thank me when you get correct. The thumb on your fretting hand should be in the back of the neck, roughly pointed towards the ceiling. Don't flop it over the top of the fretboard. If someone standing and facing you can see your thumb, it's too high.
Having your thumb in the right place you'll expand your stretch a lot. This will also help you use the right muscles in your hand. You'll use the large, strong ones near your thumb rather than the smaller, weaker ones just below your fingers. You always want to fret the note by squeezing it between your finger and thumb, as if you were squishing a particularly loathsome grape.
Possible Exception: There's two times your thumb can come over the top. When you're bending notes, bringing your thumb over the top gives you a bit better leverage. There are also Jimi Hendrix style chord forms where your thumb will hold down the root of the chord on the bottom string while your other fingers grab the rest of the chord. It's unorthodox, but works very well for some of his lines.
Make a conscious effort to fix these three problems in your playing and I know you'll see a lot of improvement in your playing quickly.


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Send us a Testimonial and read some testimonials below.
It was very nice having you at my party. I am totally satisfied with your service and will recommend to my friends.
Birthday party Oct 2015
Thank you for being able to accommodate us on such short notice. Sara said it went great.
Children's Hair Salon 2015
The balloon artist was fantastic. Lines were long and she was so very patient, calm, and accommodating. Thank you for your helping us out last minute. We will be in touch for future events.
Church event 2015
First, thank you! The girls loved all the face painting!!!
Birthday Party Fall 2015
Thank you so much for a wonderful event, as always! You are such a professional and do a great job. The kids were so happy with their faces and bodies! I appreciate you doing my mom as well-that was very sweet of you.
Birthday Party 10 year old Fall 2015
The Event went really well and we were very busy! It was definitely a hit. Thanks for everything!
Chick Fil A restaurant Oct 2015
Artsy Face was a fantastic addition to our annual community egg hunt! The artist went above and beyond with detailed designs; she was able to paint everything the kids wanted down to the smallest requests. She even made sure each child was happy with the final design. Plus, she was sweet and cheerful! I would definitely hire Artsy Face for another event.
HOA Board of Directors
ArtsyFace came to my house for my daughter's 8th birthday. We asked the artist to paint unique faces and eyes on the girls to match the theme of the party. She was able to face paint 24 kids faces within 1.5 hours and did a fabulous job with our unique and fun request. I would definitely hire ArtsyFace again for my party needs!
Daughter's 8th birthday
We called Armita last minute to come out to our PTA carnival and she was very accomadating and amazing to work with! The kids all loved her and her face painting was beautiful. We will for sure be using her again! Highly recommended!!
PTA carnival
Everything went wonderfully! The artist was amazing, she was very efficient and friendly. We will definitely be in touch soon for another event
Gateway Academy
Thank you so much for working our event on Saturday! You were wonderful – thank you!
Thanks again for all your hard work and have a great day!!
Kate Martin
All I can say is she rocked the house!
The kids LOVED her!!!!!!!
Thanks again for being flexible around this.
We will look forward to working with you at future events 🙂
A good time was had by all.
After Prom Event 2012
Sara was fantastic. What a talented young girl, she was the highlight of the party, she did a beautiful job and all the children loved her.
Thank you for sending her to us!
Thanks again,
Client from Elementary School in Littleton
I wanted to drop you a quick note to let you know how pleased I was with Serena and her artwork at a birthday party for my daughter and a friend in Erie last weekend. Despite what might be a longer than usual drive for her, Serena showed up early and set up quickly. She even arrived with her own face painted! I appreciated the extra effort she took – it really got the children in the mood to get their faces painted. The party was outdoors and the weather was a bit windy but Serena was a an unwavering and committed professional throughout.
Her artwork was great but it was her patience and interaction with the kids themselves that really made a lasting impression. It was immediately obvious that Serena loves children. She never stopped smiling and laughing. She gave each child undivided attention and made sure they were happy with the art they received. She was pleasant, approachable and warm with everyone. At the end of the day, as an added "gift", Serena allowed my daughter to paint Serena's own face. What a gift!! Grace loved it and Serena sat patiently for 15-20 minutes, with a permanent smile, allowing Grace to take her 9 year old time. I could not have been more pleased.
The other parents at the party really enjoyed Serena's work and I believe you now have an expanded customer base. I know I will refer Serena and Artsy Face any chance I get. Thank you for making my daughter's birthday a memorable occassion for all!
Birthday Party
Erie, Co
Thanks again for the great work you did at our picnic last weekend. The kids really enjoyed having you paint their arms and faces. Thanks!
Anna C. Hanley
Project Manager
Armita did an outstanding job painting faces and arms of the kids at my event! She had a wide selection of ideas and even carried out custom requests. Armita is amazing with kids and she remained calm as she satisfied one little customer after the next. There was not so much as a two minute break during the time that she was at my event and each finished product was as good as the first. I look forward to having Armita at future events!
Erin Pancoast
Agent & Insurance Specialist
Farmers Insurance & Financial Services
We used Armita for my son's 3rd SUPER HERO Bday celebration!! and she did a amazing job on the kids!! The kids enjoyed there batman faces and spiderman faces!! Especially the girls that had pink spider man!! I was totally satisfied!
Yes we will work together again for sure for the twins party in March 2011!
I am so happy that I called you at last minute and you had time for my daughter's B-Day party. That was awesome! You were very professional and you entertained the kids with patience and charisma.
I will totally recommend Artsy Face for any B-Day party and or regular party to put some color in their faces!
Thank you!!
"I simply want to send a quick thank you to you for helping make Bella's party so special. She had such a wonderful time and I know all of the kids really LOVED having you there. You did a beautiful job on each face and I hope to have you do many more parties in the future. Thanks for "going with the flow" too, I am a control freak and that is something that is hard for me to do….but I am learning. In any event, THANK YOU a million times over because the day was so very beautiful for Bella."
"Armita did a great job for our son's 1st birthday party. We had kids of all ages there, and everybody loved having their faces, hands, or arms painted. Even my one year old held still to get painted."
1 year old birthday party
"We used Armita and Artsyface for a business event. The line was out the door waiting for her unique and kid-friendly face paintings. The parents and kids adored her and we will surely use her again."
Little Monkey Biz
"Thank you for coming to the festival on Friday. My daughter had a dragon fly painted on her face. She loves it! "
Halloween party
My daughter's 3rd birthday was a complete hit. We had a Tea Party themed party, and Armita with Artsy Face came to paint the girls faces. All of the girls were so fancy with their cute little painted faces. Thank you Armita for your beautiful face art.
Rebecca Huft
Thank you for participating in the My Gym Safety Day and Fall Festival. The face painting was a big hit!!!
Best regards
My Gym Staff
The kids all enjoyed the face painting! They enjoyed your friendly personality towards them! If there should be any events in the future, I would recommend you in a heart beat! Thanks!"
Christmas Party at Burger King/customer
We hired Armita for our company CD release party at Whole Foods Market. She was wonderful. Professional with the children and very creative with her skill/art. She was a pleasure to work with and we look forward to future events with her company. We highly recommend her!
Tom & Jaime Cangemi Owners/Creators Jammin' Junior LLC A Children's Educational Entertainment Company


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Docket Number
Document Type
Brief of Appellant
Publication Date
Appeal from Order of the Third Circuit Court, Salt Lake Department the Honorable Sheila K. McCleve presiding, finding Defendant to be liable to the Plaintiff by virtue of the ownership of his car Judgment date April 22, 1992 Notice of Appeal filed May __, 1992
Original Brief Submitted to the Utah Court of Appeals; digitized by the Howard W. Hunter Law Library, J. Reuben Clark Law School, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah; machine-generated OCR, may contain errors.
Marsha S. Atkin; Attorney for Respondent.
Ronald Scott Leahy; For Appellant.
Public record document (some rights may be reserved).
Recommended Citation
Brief of Appellant, Salt Lake City Corporation v. Leahy, No. 920382 (Utah Court of Appeals, 1992).


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Beauty in Ancient Greece and Rome
The Body Beautiful in Ancient Greece is a major international exhibition which features treasures from the British Museum's rich Greek and Roman collection. Over two millennia, the ancient Greeks experimented with the representation of the human body in works that range from abstract simplicity to the realism of the age of Alexander the Great. By exploring ideas of representation, this international touring exhibition shares with new audiences artworks that have shaped the way that we think about and look at ourselves.
The portrayal of human character is explained, along with sexual and social identity. In athletics the male body was displayed as if it were a living sculpture, and victors were commemorated by actual statues. In art, not only were mortal men and women represented, but also the gods and other beings of myth and the supernatural world. They were either conceived in the image of humankind or in monstrous combinations of human and animal form.
The Body Beautiful in Ancient Greece includes a 1:200 scale model reproduction of Olympia and its many buildings as it would have looked around 100 BC. Also included is one of the highlights of the British Museum's collection which had never been loaned before this tour: the Discobolus, the celebrated representation of a discus thrower.


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College Course Helps Janitors Brush Up (Oct, 1940)
Those are some well-dressed janitors.
College Course Helps Janitors Brush Up
A COLLEGE course for school janitors is a novel addition to the curriculum of Teacher's College, Columbia University, in New York City. Given under the supervision of Dr. Henry H. Linn, once a janitor himself and now superintendent of grounds and buildings at the school, the intensive course runs for five days and includes instruction in the best methods of sweeping floors, polishing furniture, cleaning woodwork, and operating coal and oil-burning furnaces. Round-table discussions and student-teacher consultations are held.


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Czech Republic
The Czech Republic, is a landlocked country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west, Austria to the south, Slovakia to the east and Poland to the northeast. The capital and largest city, Prague, has over 1.2 million residents. The Czech Republic includes the historical territories of Bohemia, Moravia, and Czech Silesia. The Czech Republic is a developed country with an advanced, high income economy and high living standards. The UNDP ranks the country 15th in inequality-adjusted human development. The Czech Republic also ranks as the 11th most peaceful country, while achieving strong performance in democratic governance. It is a member of the United Nations, the European Union, NATO, the OECD, the OSCE and the Council of Europe. Religion: The Czech Republic has one of the least religious populations in the world, being the country with the third most atheistic population by percentage, behind only China and Japan. Historically, the Czech people have been characterised as "tolerant and even indifferent towards religion". According to the 2011 census, 34% of the population stated they had no religion, 10.3% was Roman Catholic, 0.8% was Protestant (0.5% Czech Brethren and 0.4% Hussite), and 9% followed other forms of religion both denominational or not (of which 863 people answered they are Pagan).
Help Save A Slave inform and educate the world about modern day slavery and to encourage former slaves.
|Permanent Links
|LaStrada ?esk� republika o.p.s.


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The latest news on the once rare red meat allergy that is linked to tick bites is that it is increasing in incidence across the country. Only five years ago, the number of people who were diagnosed with and treated for alpha-gal syndrome was tiny. Now, at least 160 patients are being treated.
Reason for the Increase
The reason for the rise of incidence is two-fold. On one hand, more and more people are being bitten by the lone star tick which is said to carry the antigen for the alpha-gal allergy and that is causing more people to develop the allergy to red meat.
Additionally, there is a better understanding of how the allergy develops and there has been an improvement in tests for the condition. As a result, the condition is better described and more easily diagnosed so it is natural to see a rise in diagnosed incidence.
Tests for Patients
Until recently, there were not many, if any, commercial tests available to allergists so that they could diagnose this condition. When a patient would come in with the allergy symptoms after eating red meat, it would be apparent that there is an allergic reaction occurring but the cause was not very clear at all.
Now clinicians are able to administer some simple tests and that will expose if a patient is dealing with the alpha-gal allergy or some other, more common issue. It is important to have the diagnosis for proper treatment.
How it Happens
It is believed that people are getting this allergy to red meat due to tick exposure. Namely the lone star tick is believed to be responsible. The tick is said to bite deer and then the tick has some of the deer blood left in it when it bites a person.
The deer blood contains the antigen for alpha-gal and that, in turn, forces the body to produce the antibody for it. The result is a very real blood allergy to alpha-gal which is found in red meat and dairy products only so that person is then allergic to red meat and many dairy products.
The Symptoms
Like many allergies, the symptoms can range from mild to severe and full anaphylaxis. There can be a rash, hives, lip swelling, respiratory and eye, tongue, and throat issues. Increases in blood pressure and heart rate can be seen as well.
Normally, allergies take only second
ds to minutes to show up in a person. It is different with the alpha-gal allergy. In fact, it can take several hours for symptoms to develop and that makes diagnosing it so much more difficult than it would be for other allergies.
Currently, this allergy can be treated when it is in the acute stages. Epinephrine can be administered for severe cases and quick relief. Otherwise, the use of steroids and antihistamines is the line of treatment to curtail symptoms.
The only way to prevent the symptoms is for the patient to stay away from red meat and dairy products entirely.


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[ | MetroActive Central | ]
Raking Muck
Janet Orsi
The godfather: Project Censored director Sonoma State University professor Carl Jensen is the recent recipient of the Society of Professional Journalists lifetime achievement award.
Changes carry SSU's Project Censored into its second generation
Twenty years ago, I thought it was the greatest thing since sliced bread, and I have not been disappointed," says Carl Jensen--the "father" of Project Censored--of his enduring brainchild. Even though the Sonoma State University communications professor is retiring at the end of the school year, he continues to have great expectations for the nationally renowned project, which ranks the year's most underreported news stories. "I don't think we've reached the peak at all."
The new Project Censored director is Peter Phillips, an SSU sociology professor whose thesis focused on Bohemian Grove, and who Jensen says has "two great talents which I didn't have: organization and fundraising." While the benefits of the latter are obvious, the additional organizational capacity is enabling Project Censored to extend its outreach deep into cyberspace. Its network of participating readers identified 700 stories that were reviewed in 1995; with expanded Internet contacts, that number is expected to swell to 2,000 this year, with as many as 500 net surfers contributing suggestions.
The Internet also gives Project Censored access to a broader range of sources, such as the top story on the latest list, which came from an Internet newsletter. The well-known co-author of that story, consumer advocate and presidential candidate Ralph Nader, will be the keynote speaker at the New York announcement of the Top 10 list for 1995, to be held in the same room at Columbia University in which the Pulitzer winners are announced.
While Nader is expected to draw some extra media attention, Jensen says that neither the Columbia Journalism Review nor the New York Times has ever mentioned Project Censored. "It's an embarrassment that they have ignored the nation's oldest ongoing news media research project," he grumbles.
This is exactly the sort of thing that Project Censored was created to combat, adds assistant director Mark Lowenthal, as the underlying intent of their list is to redefine censorship. "Censorship needs to be broadened to include not just overt censorship, but self-censorship as well as underreporting," he explains. "The stories that we cite from the [Washington] Post and the [New York] Times and other mainstream outlets are what we call hit-and-run coverage.
"Just because the story appears in one of these outlets does not mean that it reached the public; any story that is going to embed itself in the public consciousness requires repetition."
But repetition is also cropping up in the annual list of censored stories, says Judith Krug, director of the American Library Association's Office for Intellectual Freedom. Krug is a long-term member of the panel of media judges who choose the Top 10 from a list of 25 finalists that are selected by the Project Censored staff and SSU students. Other judges include UC Berkeley professor emeritus Ben Bagdikian and author Susan Faludi. Krug observes that while the subjects of those stories overall "have become more global," she is seeing less change in the list from year to year, "which means that despite Project Censored, a lot of these stories are not getting out. Which is a concern. A lot of the stories we're dealing with really need to get aired, and we're not getting through."
"Part of the problem," adds Berkeley writer and lecturer Michael Parenti, another Project Censored judge, "is that we become victims of the very censorship we're trying to confront. The project and our findings are routinely ignored by the mainstream multinational media."
There's a good reason for that, Jensen suggests. "These are the kinds of stories that tend to alienate the administration and corporate America, the power elite in our country," he says, "and the power elite is still fighting what we're trying to get out here."
At the same time, Lowenthal notes that the Top 10 Censored Stories list has been used "as a kind of tip sheet" by CNN and other news organizations. That is gratifying, to a degree, he says, "but sometimes too much attention gets placed on the stories, and the more important point is why there is a list, not what's on it."
With that noted, here is the newly released list of underplayed stories from 1995:
Telecommunications Bill. The story most in need of broader exposure this year, the Project Censored judges concluded, was the new federal telecommunications bill, particularly its implications for the further concentration of media ownership, and other consequences of deregulation. Co-written by Ralph Nader, this story originally appeared online, in the Internet newsletter of the Consumer Project on Technology. According to Nader, the bill will permit major media monopolies on both national and local levels.
Balancing the Budget. "Cut Corporate Welfare: Not Medicare" was the title of John Canham-Clyne's piece, which contended that the national budget could be balanced by 2002 without cutting social programs if breaks for business were cut instead. It appeared in the lightly circulated bimonthly Public Citizen.
Child Labor. American children are working in dangerous and unhealthy environments, and the problem is getting worse. This article appeared in Southern Exposure, a regional magazine.
Privatization of the Internet. This report on the transfer of Internet infrastructure from government to private industry, and what that means for free speech in cyberspace, appeared last summer in The Nation.
U.S. Nuke Spending. A Washington Post story detailed the military's plans to fund production of tritium, a gas used to boost the power of nuclear weapons, even as the United States is urging nuclear disarmament elsewhere in the world.
Plans for Radical FDA Cuts. Mother Jones revealed the plans of the Speaker's Progress and Freedom Foundation to privatize many of the Food and Drug Administration's review and approval functions.
Russian Nuclear Waste. The USSR has been pumping billions of gallons of its hazardous nuclear waste underground for more than 30 years, according to this New York Times report.
Medical Fraud Costs Billions. Another Mother Jones article, titled "Medscam," investigated medical fraud claims and discovered they are so extensive, no one even knows how much is lost, nor is there a way to find out.
The Fight Over Methyl Bromide. Although this issue recently has gained a higher profile in California, the cited article about the chemical industry's determination to protect the ongoing use of this toxic, ozone-depleting pesticide appeared last summer in the Bay Area-based Earth Island Journal.
NAFTA's Broken Promises. Two articles on this subject were noted by the Project, one from Mother Jones and the other from Covert/Action Quarterly. Both detailed betrayals of American and Mexican workers by corporate NAFTA members.
An additional 15 stories in the also-ran listing this year included such topics as the Gulf War Syndrome coverup, oil companies' more than $1.5 billion debt to the federal government, our lagging maternal health standards, the continuing dangers of dioxin, a rebirth of slavery in the Sudan, and the carcinogenic dangers of fiberglass.
[ | MetroActive Central | ]
From the April 4-10, 1996 issue of the Sonoma Independent
This page was designed and created by the Boulevards team.
© 1996 Metro Publishing and Virtual Valley, Inc.


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What madness drives a writer? What passion? Who can hold the beating heart in hand? It's all here in the finale of Chris Carter's 10 Essential episodes, Season 6 Episode 18 "Milagro"! The teleplay was by Chris Carter, and the story was from John Shiban and Frank Spotnitz. The original air date was April 18, 1999, and the episode had 15.2 million viewers.
More tantalizing tidbits await us from Entertainment Weekly! First up is a story following up something we have discussed in our previous episodes, the theory that Scully is immortal. Then there is a wrapup of the stars this week at the Television Critics Awards hilariously attempting to explain the secret to their sizzling chemistry.
Then it's time for our discussion of the episode! We break it down for you, adding some spice from series producer and episode director Kim Manners' commentary track. Then we have a lot in the Spooky Drawer, from the writers' views on characters and the creative process, the genesis of the idea for the episode, how John Hawkes got the part, and the reaction of critics. Plus: great listener feedback!
We would love hearing from you! Please send in feedback by calling us at (304) 837-2278, leaving feedback on our site at www.Goldenspiralmedia.com/feedback, email us written text or audio to firstname.lastname@example.com, check out our Facebook page https://www.facebook.com/groups/xfilespodcast/, or you can tweet us @XFilesGSM. And please rate & review us in iTunes or Stitcher if you haven't done so!


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Kidrobot Munny DIY 4" inch Mini White FOOMI Do It Yourself Dunny Munnyworld
$ 9.95
The do-it-yourself toy universe expands! Get to know FOOMI, one of the newest DIY stars of MUNNYWORLD!
Made of super smooth white vinyl and all ready for drawing, scribbling, piercing, painting and posing!!
The 4-inch FOOMI comes with one of four mystery accessories, a sticker and marker.


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Contact Us
If you're looking for information about an Apprenticeship or career opportunity in the sign and graphics industries, please complete the following form and we will keep you updated on activities in finding an apprenticeship within the Signage Industry.
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Perfect for anyone on a budget, this dish is low on cost and big on flavour. Mackerel is one of the cheapest yet most flavoursome and versatile fish around. In this instance, mackerel is simply fried until crisp and served with some crispy potatoes flavoured with chilli and garlic, one of our new favourites!
Pan-fried Mackerel with crispy potatoes, chilli and garlic
2017-08-28 11:47:18
Serves 2
- 4 Mackerel fillets, boneless
- 6-8 Charlotte potatoes, sliced 5mm thick lengthways
- 2 Red chillies, deseeded and sliced
- 2 Cloves garlic, peeled and finely sliced
- 1 tbsp Fresh coriander, sliced
- 1 tbsp Fresh parsley, sliced
- 1 Lemon, halved
- Olive oil
- 1.Place the chilli, garlic, spring onions and herbs into a bowl and add 2 tbsp of olive oil. Mix to combine and set aside.
- 2.In a large non-stick frying pan, add a generous amount of olive oil to cover the base of the pan. Turn the heat up to high and add the potato slices. Fry for around 3-5 minutes each side or until golden and crisp. Add the contents of the bowl to the pan and fry for a minute, pour the contents of the pan back into the bowl and keep warm.
- 3.Season the mackerel and wipe out the pan used for the potatoes with kitchen paper. Add a small amount of fresh oil and set over a high heat. Once hot, add the fish skin-side down. Fry for 2-3 minutes or until the flesh turns white in colour and the skin is golden. Turn the fish over and fry for another 30 seconds. Add a squeeze of lemon.
- 4.Divide the potato mixture between four plates and top with the mackerel. Add a drizzle of olive oil and serve.
Artisan Traveller https://www.artisantraveller.com/


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Hundreds attend funeral for second Hattiesburg officer killed in shooting
Funeral services took place Saturday for one of two Mississippi police officers killed after being shot during a traffic stop.
Family, friends and hundreds of mourners from around the country paid their respects to Hattiesburg Officer Liquori Tate, 25, who was killed earlier this week.
Services were held at West Point Baptist Church in Hattiesburg. Tate was buried in nearby Starkville, Mississippi.
LINK: Watch Report from WAPT-TV
According to The Associated Press, rainy skies weren't enough to deter mourners as a choir sang and eulogies were read. People lined the highway from Hattiesburg to Starville, waving the American flag as the funeral process passed.
Officer Benjamin Deen, the other officer killed in the shooting, was laid to rest Thursday. He was buried in Sumrall, Mississippi.
READ: Weapon confirmed in MS police shooting
Police say 29-year-old Marvin Banks shot the two officers after Deen pulled over a speeding car driven by Banks' girlfriend, 22-year-old Joanie Calloway.


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Friday, June 25, 2010
Roosevelt Death Announcement By War Dept
Submitted by Mike & Sheila:
Hi We have a gilt framed and glazed original copy announceing the death , Franklin.D. Roosevelt's War department Washington 25 D.C. as issued to all Army Chiefs of Staff 13 April 1945 from G C Marshall .Chief of staff. The certificate is in 3 parts & runs to over 300 words.
If you can help Mike & Sheila with information on this item please click the comment button. Thanks!
Posted by AppraisalBuddy.com at 9:52 AM No comments:
Thursday, June 17, 2010
Gutzon Borglum - Mount Rushmore Sculptor
Submitted by Kyle:
I have an item for you to add to the blog if you could. It's a print of a Lincoln sketch done by Gutzon Borglum! I don't know much about it, but hopefully someone on the board does. I've attached some photos. Here's the info about it:
The writing posted on the bottom of the print matting (it is not hand written...printed and pasted on) reads:"This is the sketch made by Guzton Borglum when he started his famous sculpture-"The Lonely Lincoln" He gave it to me and I have had it is produced for those friends who also believe 'That this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom" Christmas, 1941 Missy Maloney.
The way this is worded confuses me. I'm not sure whether it's the original print or one of Missy Maloney's reproductions. My guess is that it is an original...just judging the best I can by the wording and the quality of the print itself.
There is quite a bit of foxing on the front, but not so much on Lincoln himself (mainly around him). The print has been taped onto the matte from the back and the entire back of the print is very discolored (evenly). I would like to have this professionally restored and framed, but I want to make sure that it's worth it and that I get the right people to do it if it is.
If anyone can give me any information about this piece I would greatly appreciate it. I am also unsure as to who Missy Maloney is.
IF you can help Kyle with an idea of the value of this item please click on the comment button.
Posted by AppraisalBuddy.com at 8:57 AM 2 comments:
Wednesday, June 16, 2010
1829 Thomas Jefferson Slave Sale Document
Submitted by Chuck: My mom has passed along to me an item my late grandmother had in her possession. It appears to be an original receipt or promissory note from Thomas Jefferson's estate. It is signed by Thomas Jefferson Randolph, the executor and it is in a frame that says "for the sale of one of Thomas Jefferson's slaves." Unfortunately, it does have a tear in the lower left hand corner where one would normally expect a signature. But Randolph signature appears on the reverse, where you would normally expect an endorsement.Also it says "for sale of a slave" on the frame, as you can see, but I see nothing on the note itself giving evidence of that.
If you can help Chuck identify and value this item he would appreciate it. Simply click on the comment button above.
Posted by AppraisalBuddy.com at 9:36 AM 3 comments:
Labels: bill of sale, document, slave sale, slavery, slaves
Monday, June 14, 2010
Buchanan Relic Found on Farm
Submitted by David:
While relic hunting a Confederate camp with a friend at my private farm in Virginia, we unearthed the pewter plate shown in the image attached. The plate measures 2.25" wide x 1.75" high and bears an eagle with banner against the American flag and contains the words "Buchanan," "Breckenridge," "LIBERTY," and "THE CONSTITUTION," all of which are reversed out. We suspect this is a printing plate especially after running a Wikipedia search on "Buchanan" and seeing a picture of a campaign ribbon that shows the image on our plate unreversed (a picture of this ribbon is also attached). When viewing the attached pic, please note we've made no attempt to clean this item for fear of damaging the pewter surface.
If you can help David by identifying this item or offering an appraisal, please click on the comment button. Thanks!
Posted by AppraisalBuddy.com at 6:10 PM No comments:
Labels: Appraisal, farm, Harry Truman wanted, James Buchanan, President
Sunday, June 13, 2010
Vote For Ike Record Album
Submitted by Sharon: I have five records, 78 rpm, in dust jacket. One has a 1/2' chunk off edge, but other four are in good condition. The label says:
"Vote for Ike" written by Mack Gordon sung by The Democrats for Eisenhower made available by Hollywood Democrats for Eisenhower.These were in a house built in the 1950's and owner previously by a family who kept EVERYTHING. One record is in exceptionally pristine condition, but the others were in a box and did get dusty.
Sharon is interested in donating these to a library in Texas and is looking for someone to help her estimate its value. If you can help, please click on the comment button.
Posted by AppraisalBuddy.com at 5:44 PM 1 comment:
Labels: Appraisal, Vote for Ike record, Wanted
Franklin Roosevelt Memorabilia Items
Submitted by Annette:
My husband and I bought his grandfathers home and we recently went into the attic and found the two items I have attatched to this email. Could you please find out the worth of these items. The size of the framed photo is 22.5 inches by 18.5 inches and the button type photo is 9 inches.
If you can help Annette value these items please click on the comments button.
Posted by AppraisalBuddy.com at 1:59 PM 2 comments:
Thursday, June 3, 2010
Clinton Gore '92 Campaign Watch
Submitted by Elizabeth:
I wrote a previous e-mail about my McGovern/Eagleton/Shriver knives. I also have another item. It is a watch that says on the face Clinton Gore '92. The band is red leather. I assume it works, as it has never been worn or wound.
If you can help Elizabeth with an estimate of value she would appreciate it. Just click on the comments button.
Posted by AppraisalBuddy.com at 8:48 AM 1 comment:
Labels: Appraisal, Bill Clinton, Clinton Gore watch, clock
Wednesday, June 2, 2010
McGovern Shriver Pocketknife
Submitted by Elizabeth:
I was wondering if I could attempt to get an estimate on AppraisalBuddy.com for a couple of pieces of political memorabilia that I have. The items are two knives from the 1972 election.
Both knives are for McGovern. One says "McGovern for President" and "Shriver for Vice President" on the front; the other says "McGovern for President" and "Eagleton for Vice President" on the front (with Vote Democratic in 1972 in between the names on both knives). The backs both say "Vote Democratic '72" and both have a small caricature of McGovern, but on one the other small caricature is Shriver, and on the other it is Eagleton. Both knives are in good condition, and both have two blades. The Shriver knife is near perfect; the Eagleton knife has a small amount of rust on the top back side of the larger blade and a little down the side molding.
If you can help elizabeth with a value please click on the comment button.
Posted by AppraisalBuddy.com at 1:56 PM 1 comment:
Labels: Appraisal, Mcgovern memorabilia, shriver appraisal
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A rep confirmed the news exclusively to E! News; Foster and girlfriend Alexandra Hedison wed last weekend.
Jodie Foster's Golden Globes Speech: Coming Out?
The actress and the photographer began dating last summer. By September, sources said the two were "pretty serious."
Hedison has also tried her hand at acting. She starred as Dylan Moreland on Showtime's "The L Word."


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Seacoast Lodge is situated in the picturesque village of Fanore overlooking
the Aran Islands and Galway Bay.Fanore is situated in the heart of the
Burren in North Clare. The Burren is famous for its limestone landscapes
and for its Flora and Fauna.Seacoast Lodge is beside Vasco restaurant,
O'Donohue's pub and also the local shop where you can purchase fishing tackle.
We are 2km from Fanore Beach which is a blue flag beach. Wet suits and
surfboards are available for hire from Aloha Surf School.Seacoast Lodge
is a family run B&B on a working farm. There are 2 double en-suite bedrooms
and one twin en-suite room. Free WI-FI and internet access available.
Fanore is on the Coast Road the R477 We have a 2 bedroom apartment
available to rent, nightly weekend or weekly rates available, secure storage
area for bicycles or surfboards available.


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How do I book a scooter or other item of mobility equipment? From the Home page, simply select the event you are attending by clicking on the event's logo, and then make your selections from the drop-down menu. You can make mutiple selections on the one booking.
Do I have to pay online when I book? At several selected events, you have the option of paying online at time of booking or pay on the day when you pick up your scooter. Paying online will save time for yourself, our staff and the people standing behind you in the queue. At Sydney Royal Easter Show and some other large events, payment is required at time of booking.
Do I have to book? Booking is not mandatory. You may prefer to simply turn up on the day and hire your scooter on the spot. Whilst we cannot guarantee availability, we endeavour to predict demand, and project to have enough equipment available for hire to meet demand on any given day. However, we have been known to run out, sometimes before the gates even open.
What if I am left handed? If you are left handed, please advise us and we will electronically transpose the controls for you (only Merits scooters can be readily converted to left hand - not our Afiscooter S Premium Doubles). Just advise us as you pick up your scooter at our site if you require left handed operation.
Can I carry my walking stick or crutches? If you use a walking cane or crutches, just ask us as you check in at the event to fit a cane holder to your hire scooter.
How long do I have the use of the scooter or other item of mobility equipment for? Unless otherwise stated, the use of the scooter is yours for the day, from when you arrive to when you go home.
General enquiries can be directed to Gordon Moore on 0428 694 335. Please note that mobile phone reception is often poor during, and whilst travelling to and from various events. Mobile phone network capability may be limited at some field day sites due to high usage, particularly during the actual days of the event, so it may be prudent to make any enquiries well ahead of the actual days of the event. If you intend to make a booking, please do so online, providing you with a record of your booking.


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Huge product rangeOver 140,000 books & equipment products
Rapid shippingUK & Worldwide
Pay in £, € or U.S.$By card, cheque, transfer, draft
Exceptional customer serviceGet specialist help and advice
Have you ever seen an antelope the size of a cat, or a frog bigger than a lapdog? What kinds of animals thrive in the Sahara? Earth is full of incredible creatures, all specially adapted to survive in even the most inhospitable environments. This vividly illustrated atlas is the essential wildlife reference, providing a spectacular visual survey of animals and their habitats across the globe.
Divided into eight geographic areas and organized by continent and habitat type, "The Illustrated Atlas of Wildlife" leads readers from the Great Barrier Reef to the Appalachians and from the ocean floor to the cloud forests, showcasing in scientific detail the bizarre, beautiful, and highly specialized wildlife of each location. Learn about the critically endangered mountain gorilla, the reptiles of the Everglades, a desert spider that transforms into a wheel, and hundreds of other endemic and endangered species, as well as the threats and challenges they face.
This title details the ecology and wildlife of the continents, oceans, and poles. It includes the most up-to-date conservation and preservation data. It features hundreds of beautiful color photographs, illustrations, and maps. It chronicles evolution and adaptation over the ages, as well as current issues. It explores human impacts upon the world's complex ecosystems.
Foreword How to use this book OPENER - LIVING EARTH Introduction Evolution Where animals live Balancing act Forest habitats Grasslands habitats Dry habitats Frozen habitats Aquatic habitats Urban & rural habitats Threats and challenges Conservation OPENER - EUROPE Introduction Deciduous Woodlands The European Badger River Valleys Delta of Cota Donana Mountain Ranges The Mountaineers The Mediterranean Mediterranean Islands Flyways of Europe Coniferous Forests of Northern Europe Life Along the Shore Marshes and Wetlands OPENER - NORTH AMERICA Introduction The Boreal Forest Caribou on the Move The Pacific Northwest Coniferous Forest The Rocky Mountains The Wolf in North America The Great Plains Prairie Dogs of the Plains The Great Basin Sagebrush Country Deserts of the Southwest Saguaro Cactus Community Eastern Deciduous Forest and the Appalachians Oak Forests of the Eastern States Salamanders of the Forest Coastal Plains Bird Migration OPENER - CENTRAL & SOUTH AMERICA Introduction Central America Central American Rain Forests The Jaguar Amazon Rain Forests Life in the Treetops The Andes Wilderness The Condor The Galapagos Islands The Gran Chaco Patagonia Birds of the Pampas Llamas and their Relatives Life in the Caribbean OPENER - ASIA Introduction The Steppes of Central Asia The Siberian Wilderness Hot and Cold Deserts The Himalayas The Asian Big Cats The Indian Subcontinent The Mountains of Southwest China The Sundaland Tropical Rain Forests of Southeast Asia East Asia, Japan and Korea The Lower Mekong The Philippine Archipelago OPENER - AFRICA Introduction The Sahara and Sahel The Congo Basin Primates of the Congo The Ethiopian Highlands East African Savanna Grassland Grazers Life in the Albertine Rift Birds of Africa The Miombo Woodlands The Okavango Africa's Big Carnivores Life in the Kalahari Madagascar: island habitat Africa's Coral Reefs OPENER - AUSTRALASIA & OCEANIA Introduction Monotremes and other Unique Animals Australia's Marsupials New Guinea Highlands The Great Barrier Reef Wildlife of Cape York Tropical Rain Forests The Tropical North The Australian Outback Water in the Desert Temperate Forests and Heathlands Parrots and Cockatoos of Australia New Zealand's island wildlife The Pacific Islands OPENER - THE POLES Introduction Across the Tundra The Arctic Food Chain Summer Bloom The Polar Bear Long-distance Migrants Antarctica: frozen desert Penguin Parade Antarctic Birds OPENER - THE OCEANS Introduction The Pacific Ocean The Atlantic Ocean The Indian Ocean The Arctic Ocean The Southern Ocean OPENER/INTRO - FACTFILE Factfile GLOSSARY INDEX ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Dr. Channa Bambaradeniya is the Coordinator of the Asia Regional Species and Biodiversity Programme at the International Union for Conservation of Nature. Cinthya Flores is an international social communications consultant and journalist. Dr. Joshua Ginsberg is Vice President for Global Programs at the Wildlife Conservation Society. Dwight Holing is the author of many books on rain forests, coral reefs, and wilderness in Europe and western America. Dr. Susan Lumpkin is a Research Associate of the Smithsonian Institution's National Zoological Parks. George McKay chairs the New South Wales National Parks and Wildlife Advisory Council, Australia. Dr. John Musick is Marshall Acuff Professor Emeritus in Marine Science at the College of William and Mary's Virginia Institute of Marine Science. Dr. Patrick Quilty is Honorary Research Professor in Earth Sciences at the University of Tasmania. Dr. Bernard Stonehouse is an environmental biologist with the Scott Polar Research Institute, University of Cambridge, and the Maritime Historical Studies Centre, University of Hull. Dr. Eric John Woehler is an expert on antarctic and subantarctic birds. Dr. David Woodruff is Professor of Biology at the University of California, San Diego.
&i;"Lets you hold a collection of 800 stunning images and a wealth of easily digestible facts in your hands"&o;
- Boston Globe Book Section
&i;"With ample maps and photos, this is a book that can be browsed endlessly."&o;
- Washington Post Book World.
&i;"Showcasing in scientific detail bizarre, beautiful, and highly specialized wildlife for each location."&o;
- Wildlife Conservation Magazine.


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Toxic Air Pollutants
Toxic air pollutants (TAPs) are those pollutants that are known or suspected to cause cancer or other serious health effects, such as reproductive effects or birth defects, or to cause adverse environmental effects.
Air toxics are regulated by both state and federal programs. Idaho's Air Toxics Program regulates approximately 350 TAPs, while EPA's federal program regulates 188 hazardous air pollutants (HAPs). Both TAPs and HAPs are referred to as air toxics.
Idaho's TAP program preceded the federal program. Some areas overlap in the state and federal programs.
Idaho's TAP Program
Idaho's TAP Program is a stand-alone risk-based program that regulates approximately 350 pollutants determined by their nature to be toxic to human or animal life or vegetation. Idaho's regulations prohibit emission of these contaminants alone or in combination with other contaminants in amounts that would injure or unreasonably affect human or animal life or vegetation.
TAP emission limits from industrial sources are limited by acceptable ambient concentrations (AACs) for carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic pollutants and by screening emission levels (ELs) for noncarcinogens.
AACs are the maximum concentration levels allowed in the outside air from a pollution source or sources under construction or modification. Compliance is often verified by computer modeling or ambient air sampling. AACs for noncarcinogens are 24-hour averages. These levels can be found in IDAPA 58.01.01.585. Acceptable ambient concentrations for carcinogens (AACCs) are annual averages. These levels can be found in IDAPA 58.01.01.586.
ELs are stack-based emission levels based on pounds of each pollutant emitted per hour. Compliance is often verified by engineering calculations, computer modeling, or stack sampling. Emission levels for noncarcinogens can be found in IDAPA 58.01.01.585, while emission levels for carcinogens can be found in IDAPA 58.01.01.586.
Relationship to the Federal HAP Program
If a new or modified source emits an air toxic that is regulated by both Idaho's program and EPA's HAP program, then the source is exempt from the state program for the specific pollutant regulated by the federal standard. If the source emits additional TAPs not covered under the applicable federal standard, then the source is subject to the state regulations for those pollutants. Learn more.
Chemical Accidental Release and Prevention: Clean Air Act Section 112(r)
Chemical accidents can occur at businesses of any size. Many small businesses handle ammonia, chlorine, and other chemicals that could pose a risk to the surrounding community if an accident were to occur. Section 112(r) of the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments prescribes a series of requirements aimed at preventing and minimizing the consequences of chemical accidental releases. Learn more.
National-Scale Air Toxics Assessment
The National-Scale Air Toxics Assessment (NATA) is an ongoing comprehensive evaluation by EPA of air toxics in the United States. It is designed to help EPA, state, local, and tribal governments, and the public better understand the extent of the air toxics problem in the United States and to help focus future efforts to reduce air toxics and associated health impacts. The assessment includes four steps:
- Inventory air toxics emissions.
- Estimate annual average outdoor air toxics concentrations.
- Estimate exposure concentrations (what people are estimated to breathe).
- Characterize potential public health risks.
Information gained by the NATA will help EPA accomplish the following:
- Identify air toxics of greatest potential concern.
- Characterize the relative contributions to air toxics concentrations and population exposures of different types of air toxics emissions sources.
- Set priorities for collecting additional air toxics data to improve estimates of air toxics concentrations and their potential public health impacts. Important additional data collection activities include upgraded emission inventory information, ambient air toxics monitoring, and information on adverse effects to health and the environment.
- Establish a baseline to track trends over time in modeled ambient concentrations of air toxics.
- Establish a baseline for measuring progress toward meeting goals for inhalation risk reduction from ambient air toxics.
EPA has released two phases of the NATA, which evaluated 32 high priority TAPs. The first phase includes estimated air toxics emissions and outdoor air concentrations. The second phase provides estimates of human exposure to these pollutants and associated health risks. The NATA will help DEQ target areas of the state where more detailed information and air toxics reduction strategies are needed.
EPA's Urban Air Toxics Program
Under EPA's Urban Air Toxics Program, states will be required to assess local air quality data to identify urban areas where air toxics emissions need to be reduced. States also must devise a process for developing and implementing strategies to reduce health risks from air toxics, provide an opportunity for public participation and review, and develop tools to evaluate whether emissions have been reduced.
Integrated Urban Air Toxics Strategy
The Integrated Urban Air Toxics Strategy is a framework for addressing air toxics emissions in urban areas. The strategy defines a county as urban if it includes a metropolitan statistical area with a population greater than 250,000 or the US Census Bureau has designated more than 50% of the population as urban. (Note: This definition does not necessarily apply for regulatory or implementation purposes.)
Under the national air toxics program, EPA has and will continue to develop a number of national standards for stationary and mobile sources to improve air quality in urban and rural areas. The strategy complements these efforts by focusing on achieving even further reductions in air toxics emissions in urban areas. The strategy outlines actions to reduce emissions of air toxics, as well as assessment activities to improve EPA's understanding of the health and environmental risks of air toxics in urban areas.
The strategy includes a list of 33 urban air toxics that pose the greatest potential health threat in urban areas and a list of area sources responsible for a substantial portion of these air toxics emissions. This list includes 29 area source categories, 13 of which are new and 16 are under development or already subject to standards.