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For a bright, fresh smile, teeth whitening is the most popular cosmetic dental treatment available.
If your teeth are stained, tired or dull in appearance, we offer different options for teeth whitening. This is a chemical process used to lighten the colour of your teeth. You have the choice of In-office bleaching (performed entirely in the dental chair) or take-home bleaching.
In-office teeth whitening
Our in-office teeth whitening option takes about one hour in the dental chair and is performed by one of our dentists. A comprehensive check-up and teeth cleaning is recommended prior to the whitening session. The procedure begins with a short preparation to cover and protect the gums before applying the whitening gel which will break up the stains and discolouration. The gel is then applied every 15 minutes for a total treatment of three rounds.
This is the quickest and most effective option to achieve the white smile you want as you can walk out with a white, bright smile after only one hour in our practice.
Take-home teeth whitening
For the take-home bleaching, we will create a custom bleaching tray for you to take home and perform the whitening process yourself. The custom tray ensures the correct amount of whitening material is used and the patient's teeth are properly exposed. A home whitening session can last for half an hour to overnight. You can still achieve the same result as in our in-office whitening option but it will take you a lot longer. Typically, two or three weeks after your home teeth whitening regimen, you will return to your cosmetic dentist for a follow-up visit.
Teeth whitening is not a permanent procedure. Results can last for one or more years, depending upon your personal habits. In most cases, the whitening procedure is very effective and the patient is pleased with the results.
Teeth whitening from a professional
Whichever option you go for, we strongly recommend that you get your teeth whitened by a dentist. We are able to assess your oral health and ascertain what the best form of tooth whitening treatment for you is.
While most tooth discolouration is due to lifestyle choices such as drinking coffee, red wine and tea, some stains are due to intrinsic causes, such as damaged pulp and teeth. If this is the case then no amount of tooth whitening product will whiten your teeth. So, unlike over-the-counter teeth whitening products, a dentist can determine whether teeth whitening will be effective or not for you.
Our in-office teeth whitening treatment begins with a short preparation in which the gums are covered and protected before a whitening gel is applied to the teeth. The whitening gel works by breaking up stains and discolouration on the teeth. The gel is applied every 15 minutes for a total treatment of three rounds. We generally recommend that you have a comprehensive check-up and clean before you begin a whitening treatment.
We create a custom bleaching tray for your to take home so that you can perform the whitening treatment yourself. The custom tray is designed to ensure that the correct amount of whitening material is used, and that your teeth are properly exposed to the formula.
An at-home whitening treatment takes between half an hour to overnight to work, depending on your needs and expectations. After two or three weeks of using your at-home whitening treatment, you will need to come in for a follow-up consultation. While the results generally last for one or more years (depending on your personal habits), you will need to repeat the procedure in time for the best possible results.
If you would like more information, or to book an appointment, please contact us today.


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Notes: Serve these crunchy cookies with espresso, iced tea, or iced coffee as a snack, or with a sweet Muscat wine for a simple dessert. For miniature biscotti, divide the dough into four pieces and shape them into narrower logs; shorten the baking times in steps 5 and 6 by about 5 minutes each.
How to Make It
Spread pecans on a 10- by 15-inch baking sheet. Bake in a 325° oven until very slightly darker, about 10 minutes. Let cool; leave oven on.
Meanwhile, in a large bowl, with a mixer on medium speed, beat butter and sugar until well blended. Add eggs, vanilla, lemon peel, and lemon juice and beat until combined.
Add flour, polenta, baking powder, and salt and beat until combined (dough will be sticky). Stir in pecans.
Divide dough in half and place portions several inches apart on a baking sheet lined with cooking parchment. Pat each into a log about 10 inches long, 2 inches wide, and 1 inch tall (moisten your hands with cold water if necessary to prevent sticking).
Bake until logs start to turn golden at the edges, about 25 minutes. With a wide spatula, transfer to a wire rack and cool for 10 to 15 minutes.
With a heavy, sharp knife, cut each log crosswise into 3/4-inch-thick slices. Place slices on their side on the cooking parchment-lined sheet. Return biscotti to oven and bake until golden on the bottom, about 20 minutes. Turn them over and continue baking until cookies are crisp and golden on the other side, about 20 minutes longer. Transfer biscotti to a rack to cool. Store airtight up to 2 weeks.
Nutritional analysis per cookie.

subset: commoncrawl


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Spicy Egg and Vegetable Fried Rice
Turn a weeknight stir-fry into a restaurant-style dinner by making a batch of fried rice to go with it. Chili oil gives this version a spicy bite, but you could also use vegetable oil for a milder dish.
- 8Servings
- 2 eggs, lightly beaten
- 2 cups basmati rice
- 2 Tbs. chili oil
- 1 cup frozen mixed vegetables (8 oz.)
- 6 green onions, chopped
1. Bring rice and 4 cups water to a boil in saucepan. Reduce heat to low, cover, and simmer 20 minutes, or until rice is tender.
2. Coat nonstick skillet with cooking spray; heat over medium heat. Pour in eggs. Cook 4 minutes, or until firm. Remove eggs, and coarsely chop.
3. Heat chili oil in same skillet over medium heat. Add rice, eggs, and frozen vegetables, and season with salt and pepper, if desired. Cook 15 minutes, or until browned and beginning to crisp, stirring often. Stir in green onions, and cook 2 minutes more.
Nutrition Information
- Calories: 244
- Carbohydrate Content: 49 g
- Cholesterol Content: 53 mg
- Fat Content: 5 g
- Fiber Content: 2 g
- Protein Content: 5 g
- Saturated Fat Content: 1 g
- Sodium Content: 320 mg
- Sugar Content: 1 g


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We're leaving round rock at about 8am
I meant buescher state park. Damn swype!
Sent from my SPH-D710 using Tapatalk
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We're leaving round rock at about 8am
I meant buescher state park. Damn swype!
Sent from my SPH-D710 using Tapatalk
Man, i wish I could go out there and ride with you. I havent ridden in over a month. Had a stomach bug that took me out of service for a week, then travel and icy weather, and now I have a sinus infection.
This is the second 3 day weekend of the year that I have been sick. Sucks. Now im going to have to work to build up some endurance all over again,,,,have a safe ride.
Good job with the trail. Was much fun.
Is it really worth the drive and $$ to get into the park?
Glad y'all had a good time. Been forever since I have been out there. Hopefully feeling good enough to go out some evening this week or next weekend.
Camping here this weekend. Question is....is this trail one that would be fine with a cross bike, or should I bring the mtb. Could possibly bring both but would rather not. Just don't want to get out there with the cx bike wishing I had gone mtb. No plans to hit Rocky Hill while I'm there, unfortunately.
Can be ridden on both bikes, but probably a more comfortable ride on the MTB. It's not technical. Roots/gravels make the ride a little choppy.
Ah, ok thank you.
Wow, I was surprised by this trail system. To be honest, I went expecting a very flat trail with no real attention-keeping appeal. I was dead wrong.
I ran into Kerryp from the board briefly while riding the roads with my wife and daughter...if you read this, sorry I didn't have more time to stop and chat, but good to meet you.
This trail really reminds me of central Louisiana where I'm from. Verrrrrry flowy with some sand and loose rock, but while much shorter a LOT more fun, IMO. I found myself riding a good pace and having to work harder than I thought I would to keep it going, but every time I made a hard effort, it paid off with some ridiculously flowy stuff causing me to say something like "wow, well done guys" aloud. The bridges are top notch, and I enjoyed the challenge of the sand. Most of it, right now at least, is packed in, making for a Hardtail 29er DREAM trail. I only got a chance to do a single loop and then some with my son and daughter separately, but man it had me wanting to go back.
I think next time with my 6 year old I'm going to ride the road to the first road crossing (purple trail) and ride it back South to the South Trailhead by the improved camping area. It's more downhill that direction and she won't have to work as hard (read: I won't have to ride along side her and push as much)....but this trail is a great training ground for young riders avoiding roots and handling in the sand. Took my 10 year old son to the start of the Red Trail (new stuff) and then we turned around and headed back down the purple trail to the trailhead. All this to say it's kid-friendly for sure.
The improved campground is "meh" at best, but oh well....that's what you get when you wanna be plugged in with a popup camper, but you literally can sit and have a normal volume conversation with your neighbor....a bad thing in my book. The lake is pretty cool for a State Park. The road loop around the State Park is pretty dang nice and next time I go I will bring both my MTB and my cyclocross bike for some varied riding.
No accessible water to swim in, so that blows for summer camping....I'll be keeping this place in mind very strongly, though, for times when temps are too cold for swimming.
Not sure if anyone will read this, but thanks for the work out there to everyone involved in making that trail extension happen. I love it!
Hey man, glad you enjoyed the trail. It was nice meeting you too. No worries on the BS'n, you were there to spend time with family. We are happy with how the trail came out. The park did a good job of laying it out and its nice to get a kudos after all the hard work. Thanks.


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Tim Goodrich | KCET
Tim Goodrich
Tim Goodrich is a veteran who deployed to the Middle East in support of the Global War on Terrorism. He is currently pursuing his Masters of Public Administration at the University of Southern California and is a Sierra Club member and Partner at the Truman National Security Project.
Recent Articles
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Why Switching to Electric Vehicles Improves National Security, the Environment, and Our EconomyPost date: 2011-05-18T09:30:00-07:00
My decision to purchase an electric car was driven by a variety of reasons, but the simplest reason was this: The cost of filling up with gas is just too much. Not just the price at the pump, but also the cost to our future generations, our national s...


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If you have ever proudly proclaimed to have caught a greenback cutthroat and even have the photo captioned "my first greenback," you probably remember the day, the time and the location. But, and I hate to be the bearer of bad news here, if you didn't catch it in Bear Creek, you didn't actually catch a greenback cutthroat. A recent study just published by the University of Colorado reveals that "the last surviving wild population of the federally protected greenback cutthroat trout" lives in a 4-mile stretch of Bear Creek. What you caught was a yet-to-be-identified cutthroat.
In all seriousness, this new report is not just "a fish story." It has important ramifications regarding the conservation of the greenback cutthroat trout in the state and huge environmental issues in our own backyard. You can bet that we will follow this story as it unfolds.
Fall Stillwater Fundamentals and Techniques
101 Fly tying
Regular Hours, Fall thru Spring


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Facel pictures
We collected all the best photos Facel into one big photo catalog. At the moment our photo gallery Facel has 9 pictures in very good quality. All Facel photos sorted into by model for your convenience.
Top 8 Photos Facel by results of voting visitors
See the 9 most popular photos of the car Facel from the directory
Under the photo contains the model of the car.


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Top: Powder blue crinkle chiffon dress has heavy embellished neckline and shoulder straps. Jewel neck with keyhole front. Flared silhouette. Drop side hems. Ruffle edges. Thin hot pink lace detailing. Super-soft lining. Hidden zipper at back.
Bottom: Powder blue raw silk caprice/cropped pants have split cuffs. Fully lined. Hidden zip closure.
Embellishments made with sequins, beads, Swarovski crystals, diamantes, cut-glass, pearls, resham, badla and rhinestones. 100% natural pure fabrics. Fully handmade embellishments. 100% same as shown.


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Cedric Bakambu posted a cryptic tweet on Wednesday that appeared to denounce Florent Ibenge's explanation for the hitman's absence from the Democratic Republic of Congo squad ahead of next month's international break.
Beijin Guoan forward Bakambu was a surprise omission from the Leopards squad that will take on Liberia in their second Africa Cup of Nations qualifier on September 9.
When questioned by KweséESPN on Tuesday, DRC coach Ibenge explained that Bakambu's was due to him not having a passport, meaning that the player couldn't be administratively cleared to travel.
"I called up him but he doesn't have a passport," Ibenge began. "As we're not going via [Congolese capital] Kinshasa, he can't be cleared administratively."
However, the 27-year-old forward appears to have denounced the AS Vita Club coach's explanation of events by tweeting a photo of his own passport on Twitter on Wednesday.
✌�� pic.twitter.com/HR09FLWj0T
- Cédric Bakambu (@Bakambu17) August 29, 2018
If Bakambu is in possession of his passport, it remains to be seen why he wasn't included in the coach's 26-man squad, and raises the possibility that he could yet feature for the Central African heavyweights next month.
The former Villarreal man netted twice during the DRC's opening qualifying victory over rivals Congo-Brazzaville in June 2017, and has 13 goals in 15 CSL appearances this term.
He misses out on the Liberia game along with Gael Kakuta of Amiens, while Marcel Tisserand and Chancel Mbemba are both absent due to injury.
Ibenge can call upon Firmin Mubele, Junior Kabananga, Benik Afobe and Brett Assombalonga as his offensive options, while Aston Villa new boy Yannick Bolasie has also been included.
The Leopards face Liberia away on September 9 as they look to keep the pressure on Group G leaders Zimbabwe.
KweséESPN have approached both Ibenge and Bakambu for further comment.


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Senga Nengudi: Improvisational Gestures
August 28–December 5, 2015
Events are free, but space is limited—register to secure your spot.
SAY WHAT with Idris Goodwin
November 19, 7:00 PM–
The UCCS Gallery of Contemporary Art (GOCA) is proud to present a major exhibition in our campus GOCA1420 space - Senga Nengudi: Improvisational Gestures. The exhibition is co-produced with the Museum of Contemporary Art, Denver, and is curated by Elissa Auther (Windgate Research Curator, Museum of Arts and Design and Bard Graduate Center) and Nora Burnett Abrams (Curator, Museum of Contemporary Art, Denver).
As part of the university's 50th anniversary marking, GOCA celebrates the work of long-time UCCS Visual Art faculty member (1998-2009) and internationally lauded multi-media and performance artist Senga Nengudi. This exhibition is the first survey of Nengudi's R.S.V.P. sculptures, performances, and related works from the 1970s to the present and includes an accompanying catalog publication.
Senga Nengudi began her career as a member of a group of avant-garde black artists working in Los Angeles and New York from the 1970's to the early 1980's, developing her performance style of melding the body in movement with the use of common, everyday materials in a series of collaborative performances with her artist peers, including Maren Hassinger, Ulysses Jenkins, Noah Purifoy, Franklin Parker, Houston Conwill, David Hammons, and Barbara McCullough.
Nengudi's approach to art making is inspired by and rooted in ritualistic performances from wide-ranging sources: traditional African ceremonies, Japanese Kabuki theater, Happenings from the 1960s, and other forms of modern dance. These cultural forms and rituals also root Nengudi's practice as a performance artist. Nengudi is best known for her abstract sculptures from this time, particularly her biomorphic nylon mesh series, "Respondez s'il vous plait" (1975-77), made from panty hose that the artist stretched, twisted and knotted, as well as filled at intervals with sand to create sagging breast or testicle-like bulges. In contrast to the works of many of her African-American peers, these sculptures abjured specific political content or ethnic associations, even as they powerfully evoked fragility and resilience, both bodily and psychic.
Examples of Nengudi's "R.S.V.P." sculptures have appeared in the traveling group shows "Radical Presence: Black Performance in Contemporary Art", recently at Yerba Buena Center for the Arts in San Francisco, "Now Dig This! Art & Black Los Angeles 1960-1980," recently at MoMA P.S.1, and "Blues for Smoke," recently at the Whitney Museum of American Art, a sign that a reappraisal of her sensual, witty art is under way. Concurrent to many of these exhibitions was "Senga Nengudi: Performances 1976-1981" at Thomas Erben Gallery, a presentation of documentary and staged photographs and videos that revealed the integral role sculpture played in an oeuvre encompassing performance art, ritual, music, dance and theater.
Senga Nengudi received her BA from California State University, Los Angeles, where she also received her MA in sculpture in 1971. In between degrees she studied for one year at Waseda University in Tokyo. Her solo exhibitions include Performances, 1976-81, Thomas Erben Gallery, New York (2013); Lov U, Warehouse Gallery, Syracuse University, (2012); Warp Trance, Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts, Philadelphia (2007); R.S.V.P. Retrospective, Thomas Erben Gallery, New York (2003); Vestige-"The Discovery of America by Christopher Columbus" S.D., Just Above Midtown Gallery, New York (1981); and Répondez s'il-vous-plaît, Just Above Midtown Gallery, New York (1977). Her group exhibitions include Radical Presence: Black Performance in Contemporary Art, Contemporary Arts Museum Houston (2012 - 2013, traveling); Blues for Smoke, Museum of Contemporary Art, Los Angeles (2012-13, traveling); Now Dig This! Art and Black Los Angeles, 1960-1980, Hammer Museum, Los Angeles (2011, traveling); Under the Big Black Sun, Museum of Contemporary Art, Los Angeles (2011); Los Angeles Goes Live: Los Angeles Performance Art, 1970-1983, Los Angeles Contemporary Exhibitions (2011); VideoStudio: Playback, The Studio Museum in Harlem (2011); WACK! Art and the Feminist Revolution, Museum of Contemporary Art, Los Angeles (2007, traveling); Second Lives: Remixing the Ordinary, Museum of Art and Design, New York (2008); L.A. Object and David Hammons Body Prints, Jack Tilton Gallery, New York (2006); Double Consciousness: Black Conceptual Art since 1970, Contemporary Arts Museum Houston (2005); 54th Carnegie International, Carnegie Museum of Art,Pittsburgh (2004); Parallels and Intersections: Art/Women/California, 1950-2000, San Jose Museum of Art, San Jose, CA (2002); The Influence of Yoruba on Contemporary Artists, Brickhouse, London (2000); Out of Actions: Between Performance and the Object, 1949-1979, Museum of Contemporary Art, Los Angeles (1998); Now-Here, Louisiana Museum of Modern Art, Humlebaek, Denmark (1996); Homecoming, Watts Towers Arts Center, Los Angeles (1995); Art as a Verb: The Evolving Continuum, Maryland Institute College of Art, Baltimore (1989); Carnival: Ritual of Reversal, Kenkeleba House, New York (1985); Afro-American Art in the Twentieth Century: Three Episodes, Bronx Museum of the Arts, Bronx, NY (1980); Afro-American Abstractions, P.S.1 Contemporary Art Center, Long Island City, NY (1980); Freeway Fets, public art project, freeway underpass, Los Angeles (1979); The Concept as Art, Just Above Midtown Gallery, New York (1977); California Black Artists, The Studio Museum in Harlem, New York (1977); and Sapphire Show, Gallery 32, Los Angeles (1970).


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Watch a Math Teacher Win $1 Million on Wheel of Fortune
For the third time in the game show's history, a Wheel of Fortune contestant has won at least $1 million.
Sarah Manchester, a Maryland resident, raked in $1,017,490 after solving the final puzzle on Wednesday's show, with her answer of "Loud Laughter."
"What a way to start off a season," said host Pat Sajak as Manchester gasped, "Oh my god, I can't believe it." Her family, including her husband, two children and father, rushed the stage and hugged her as confetti rained down.
When Sajak asked the math teacher what she thought about the probability of her winning $1 million, she said it was low, but added some words of optimism.
"Even unlikely events sometimes happen," Manchester said.
In May 2013, a California woman also hit the million-dollar mark.


text: A fluorescence microscopy technique has yielded 3D footage of brain activity in unrestrained worms, offering insight into how populations of neurons generate animal behavior. Researchers from Princeton University developed an instrument capable of recording intracellular calcium transients from the majority of neurons in the head of C. elegans, a species of worm also known as nematodes, while simultaneously recording the animal's position, posture and locomotion. Nematodes are 1 mm long with a nervous system containing just 302 neurons. The team found that, across different specimens, multiple neurons showed significant correlations with modes of behavior corresponding to forward, backward and turning locomotion. A visualization of neural activity in the nematode brain (upper left panel). Each colored sphere represents a neuron, and its location in the drawing above shows the position of that neuron in the worm's head. The size and color of a sphere (upper right) indicates the level of neural activity. The worm's movement is shown in real time (lower left) and plotted on a graph (lower right). Courtesy of Andrew Leifer/Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics. A spinning-disk confocal microscope captured 3D volumetric fluorescent images of neurons expressing the calcium indicator GCaMP6s at 6 head-volumes per second. The setup included a suite of three cameras to monitor neuronal fluorescence, as well as the worm's position and orientation. Custom software tracked the 3D position of the worm's head in real time, and two feedback loops adjusted a motorized stage and objective to keep the head within the field of view as the worm roamed freely. The researchers observed calcium transients from up to 77 neurons for over four minutes and correlated this activity with the worm's behavior. "Neuroscience is at the beginning of a transition towards larger-scale recordings of neural activity and towards studying animals under more natural conditions," said Princeton fellow and lecturer Andrew Leifer, who led the work. "This work helps push the field forward on both fronts." A current focus in neuroscience is understanding how networks of neurons coordinate to produce behavior, Leifer said. The technology to observe numerous neurons as an animal performs normal activities, however, has been slow to develop because neural networks are infinitesimal arrangements of chemical signals and electrical impulses that can include, as in humans, billions of cells. The simpler nervous system of the nematodes provided the researchers with a manageable testing ground for their instrument. It also could reveal information about how neurons work together that applies to more complex organisms, the researchers said. For instance, they were surprised by the number of nematode neurons involved in the seemingly simple act of turning around. Results of the study were published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (doi: 10.1073/pnas.1507110112).


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What's New in the NetWare 5 Operating System?
Articles and Tips: article
Senior Research Engineer
Novell Developer Information
01 Sep 1998
Focusing just on the NetWare 5 OS itself, this AppNote provides an overview of its new features and capabilities, along with some implementation tips.
- Introduction
- NetWare 5 OS Loader Changes
- NCP Protocol Independence
- NetWare 5's Memory Model
- Multi-Processor Kernel (MPK)
- The NetWare Configuration File
- NetWare Peripheral Architecture
- PCI Hot Plug
- I2O Support
- WinSock 2 Implementation
- Novell's Java-based GUI and Utilities
- Some New NetWare 5 Console Commands
- Compatible Software and Hardware for NetWare 5
- Summary
NetWare 5 features some important changes and additions to its operating system kernel that make it the premier networking platform on the market today. This AppNote outlines the key new features in the operating system, which include:
Modifications to the NetWare 5 OS loader
Changes that allow for NCP independence over multiple protocols
New server memory model, including Virtual Memory support
Multi-processor kernel
Use of the NetWare Configuration file for keeping track of server configuration and SET parameters
Full support for the NetWare Peripheral Architecture (NWPA)
Support for PCI Hot Plug and Intelligent I/O (I2O) technologies
Support for the WinSock 2 programming interface
Java-based GUI console
New server console commands
This AppNote also tells where to find a list of the hardware and software products that are certified to run under NetWare 5. This online list is continually being updated as new products are tested and certified.
NetWare 5 OS Loader Changes
One new feature in NetWare 5 concerns the OS loader itself. Among other changes, you no longer have to type LOAD before the name of the NetWare Loadable Module (NLM) or utility you want to invoke. For example, to bring up the new MONITOR utility, you can simply go to the server prompt and type:
MONITOR <Enter<
The NetWare loader will proceed to start the MONITOR utility.
NCP Protocol Independence
The NetWare 5 operating system is NCP protocol independent. This means that internally to the NetWare OS, NetWare Core Protocols (NCPs) can make and receive specific requests for services which are handled either through IP, IPX, UDP, or a combination of these protocols. To see which protocols are loaded and in which order, NetWare 5 has a number of console commands and SET parameters to assist you.
The server console commands specific to NCPs include NCP STATS, NCP ADDRESSES, NCP TRACE, and NCP DUMP. To see which IPX, TCP and UDP addresses are loading and in which order, type NCP ADDRESSES <Enter< at the server prompt. This list shows the order in which the protocols were loaded through the AUTOEXEC.NCF or the NetWare Configuration file.
If you thought you were loading the IP address before IPX and you see that IPX is indeed loading before IP, you can use the SET parameter to change the order in which they are designated, regardless of which protocol you bind first through the AUTOEXEC.NCF file or through the NetWare Configuration file. In the MONITOR utility, select the Server Parameters option from the "Available Options" window. Select NCP option, then highlight the NCP Protocol Preferences and press "Enter". You can then type in the order that you wish the protocols to be used by incoming service requests. Once saved, this information is written in the NetWare Configuration file and used each time the server is brought up.
Figure 1: NetWare 5 Console Monitor screen where you set the NCP protocol preference.
The NCP STATS command initially shows you the number of NCP requests that have been processed through the OS engine up to that point. For instance, the numbers shown to the left of the ProcessNCPPacket Requests and the ProcessNCPPacketWithLength Requests entries are NCP requests that were processed through the IPX or IP protocols, as well as through CLIB. While not in use at this time, the ExecuteNCPPacket allows developers to designate the packet receive buffer length of differing sizes. Finally, the NCPPacketReceiveHandler entry shows only the NCP requests that were processed through the IPX protocol.
The NCP TRACE command allows you to view incoming NCP requests either on the server console screen or save that information to a file. The NCP DUMP command allows you to view how all NCPs are currently being implemented as well as often they are executed. This information is mostly useful to developers and hardcore system integrators.
For more information on implementing SLP and IP or running IP/IPX mixed environments, refer to the articles entitled "Migrating to Pure IP with NetWare"5" and "Compatibility Mode Installation and Configuration" in this issue.
NetWare 5's Memory Model
Virtual Memory (VM) support has been added to the NetWare 5 operating system kernel and allows you to use more than your primary memory. In earlier versions of NetWare, if you have a server with 64MB of RAM, that was all the memory that the server could use to load applications and NLMs, as well as offer memory for printing, user data creation and manipulation, and application access. With Virtual Memory, server applications and NLM programs can be swapped into and out of memory and stored on the hard disk.
By default, VM allocates a 2MB swap file that is placed at the root of the SYSTEM volume. From there, the swap file will grow and shrink, depending on the number of NLMs and server applications you have running, and how much overall memory is needed by the system to maintain other server apps and users. You can also select a different volume upon which to place the swap file (for performance reasons, it's best to move the swap file to the least-used volume so the disk drive heads can better accommodate swap file page-ins and page-outs). Or you can have multiple swap files, and NetWare 5 will stripe them automatically for better performance (note that swap files are not cached).
Use the SWAP console command to either change the swap file to a different volume or to add another swap file. To see all of the options of the SWAP console command, type HELP SWAP <Enter< at the server console prompt. You will see a help screen similar to the one shown in Figure 2 with instructions on how to use this command.
Figure 2: The SWAP command options of the HELP SWAP screen.
The Virtual Memory model contains three basic elements: primary storage, secondary storage, and the swap file. Primary storage is the physical memory that the server has; secondary storage is how much of running applications can be placed on the server's hard disk in the swap file. Just how much of the server applications actually remain in memory or is placed on the server's disk is up to VM to decide.
The goal of VM is to allocate memory to those processes of an application that is needed and necessary to keep it running smoothly, while swapping out to disk those parts that don't affect performance. For example, when loading, applications may allocate large memory chunks for future processing needs; these memory chunks can be allocated to the swap file and then primary storage can be allocated when the application actually needs physical memory. This effort helps balance system response to demanding processes that have present memory needs.
However, if your system does not have enough physical memory to handle all of the essential elements of the programs you are running, then the essential elements are written out to the swap file, thereby impacting performance. For performance reasons, applications should not "page out" to the swap file more than twice the physical memory that you have in the server. While you can load more NLMs than twice the physical server memory, such actions will start impacting performance.
In short, VM gives NetWare an infrastructure to support shared memory, to over-commit memory by allowing you to load more server applications. VM also allows servers to have larger physical memory configurations (up to 4 GB) and implements the use of expandible and compressible stacks. VM supports Java and Java-based applications, thereby expanding the server's role as an application development environment, for which VM is the infrastructure.
Features of Virtual Memory
Some of the features of VM include memory states, shared memory, kernel pageable memory, expandible/collapsible stacks. VM has different memory states, which are tied to performance issues. These states include reserved memory, committed memory, auto-committed memory, and locked memory.
Reserved memory allows applications to perform their own memory management (Java uses this a lot). Committed memory is a means to reserve the necessary resources to have memory available without actually allocating memory. So when an application asks for 10MB of memory, it is allocated instantaneously, which guarantees that the resources will be availableeither as actual memory or as a swap file. As the application actually needs the physical memory it asked for, VM will make those memory pages available. Similarly, auto-committed memory is used to perform stack allocation and file locking allocation.
To learn more about how VM is set up on the server through the SET parameters, type MONITOR !H <Enter< at the server console prompt (the !H option displays all of the hidden SET parameters). Choose the Server Parameters option at the bottom of the Available Options screen, then select the Memory option from the Select A Parameter Category window. You can then read through the help screens on the different VM options that are available. (There will also be follow-up AppNotes and NetNotes describing the different SET parameters that are available to network administrators.)
OS Address Space and User Protected Space. In NetWare 5, VM also added a user protected address space model that is now separate from the OS address space within physical memory. Since Java loads like an NLM, the VM model provides a method to load the Java Virtual Machine and its applets into its own protected address space.
Those NLMs that use Novell's approved and documented SDK interface don't need to be changed in order to be able to load into a protected address space. VM is backward compatible with any application that is using CLIB, and every program that runs in a protected address space and is using CLIB will automatically use VM. For example, GroupWise is written to CLIB and can therefore run in VM without modification.
User address space is shielded from the NetWare kernel OS address space, so whatever is running in the user address space cannot crash the kernel. You can load multiple NLMs to run in a single address space, which can share code and symbol tables. NetWare 5 can also shared code and symbol tables across one or more user address spaces as needed. For example, one code image of CLIB can be used by a number of programs in different user address spaces; however, they will have their own data files for each user address space.
Memory Protection Console Options
NetWare 5 comes with a number of server console commands that you can use to create user address spaces. The options are described below:
address space name]
Flag address space as restartable
Load module in a protected address space specified by AS_NAME
If you just type PROTECTION <Enter<, you will see a list of the address spaces that are presently designated on the server, as well as the NLMs that are loaded in each address space, as illustrated in Figure 3. (When you type MODULES at the server console prompt, you can also see a more detailed list of the modules that are loaded and in which address space they reside.)
Figure 3: By typing "PROTECTION" you see a list of address spaces and corresponding loaded NLMs.
You can also use the PROTECT console command to load modules that are called up by an .NCF file into a protected name address space (using the name of the .NCF file to designate the address space name):
PROTECT [ NCF filename ]
Loads NLMS from .NCF file in a protected address space.
The NetWare 5 MONITOR utility now has a Virtual Memory option within the "Available Options" window that has two subcategories in which you can view information about Virtual Memory. The initial screen shows VM information, the second shows address space information, and the last is the swap file information. All of this information will be covered in a future AppNote or NetNote.
Multi-Processor Kernel (MPK)
The NetWare 5 operating system contains a multi-processor kernel (called the MPK) that fully supports symmetrical multi-processing (SMP) hardware. Because of this, NetWare 5 does not need to load a second SMP driver as the NetWare 4.11 version of SMP NetWare does. NetWare 5's MPK is fully multithreaded to perform thread scheduling interrupt and exception handling, multiprocessor synchronization, and it also adds support for pre-emption.
During the installation process, NetWare 5 checks the server hardware to see if it has more than one processor. Because MPK was written to the Intel 82489DX interrupt controller specification, it can support up to 32 processors (this number can increase in future releases as different controller specifications are implemented).
Server-based NLMs that have been written to work on SMP NetWare 4.11 will also work with NetWare 5's MPK without modification. Developers writing to NetWare 5's CLIB can use its multi-threaded APIs and therefore implement MPK support to their NLMs.
A number of core NetWare services are multithreaded and will therefore take advantage of MPK server systems. For example, Java can take advantage of MPK servers by allowing applications to specify which processor to bind to. NetWare 5's memory system and disk subsystem is mostly multithreaded to take better advantage of MPK systems. Other multithreaded support includes the NetWare Debugger, ODI/LSL, Media Manager, Virtual Memory, and Abend recovery.
Currently, the LAN and file subsystems take only partial advantage of MPK multithreading capabilities. But these include important elements, such as memory allocation, DFS read and write paths, as well as data writes through data buffers to cache buffers can be put on other processors. Also the packet receive buffers to cache buffers operation has also been multithreaded.
GroupWise comes with configuration parameters for SMP support. Oracle also has a database setting to allow for parallelism support. (Expect to see NLM updates that enhance the multithreading capabilities of NetWare core operations in the near future from Novell and other NLM vendors.) If you have the Developer Option SET parameter set to ON (default is OFF), those NLMs that don't take advantage of MPK multithreading capabilities will give the following information in the color green as they load on the server:
<Modulename< does not have any XDC data.
MPK Console Commands
NetWare 5 comes with a number of console commands to help view information about the processors and interrupts running on the server. These commands include:
I# equals the interrupt number you wish to view. If no number is specified, all numbers are displayed.
ALL will also display all interrupts
PROC displays per processor interrupt information
ALLOC displays allocated interrupts
REAL displays interrupts which occurred while the OS was in real mode and were reflected back to protected mode for servicing.
If you use type DISPLAY INTERRUPTS <Enter< you will see a screen similar to Figure 4.
Figure 4: Screen shot displaying the results of the "display interrupts" command.
P# equals the processor number(s) you wish to view (default is to display all processors).
P# equals the secondary processor number(s) you wish to start, while adding no number will start all secondary processors.
P# equals the secondary processor number(s) you wish to stop, while adding no number will stop all secondary processors.
To ensure that all processors are started at server boot up, place the following command in the STARTUP.NCF file:
You can also type CPUCHECK <Enter< at the server console prompt to see the server's processor speed(s) and the L1 and L2 cache sizes. There is also other information that you can view when using the NetWare 5 MONITOR utility. This information will be covered in a future AppNote or NetNote.
The NetWare Configuration File
NetWare 5 comes with a newer approach to keeping track of information stored in .NCF files, such as the AUTOEXEC.NCF and the STARTUP.NCF. The NetWare Configuration file for NetWare 5 is a repository for commonly shared information about the server configuration, SET parameters, as well as other internal information that is required by Novell's more modular approach to OS processing.
The NetWare Configuration file stores names and values within a hierarchical database tree structure that consists of branches, nodes, and leaves. Because configuration and parameter information is stored within the Configuration file, changes are retained and implemented whenever the server is brought up or when a change in configuration is performed. Consequently, you don't have to add SET parameters to the AUTOEXEC.NCF or the STARTUP.NCF files, as these changes become the new parameters for the system even if the server is brought down.
The NetWare Configuration file is saved in the SERVCFG.000 file that is stored in the C:\NWSERVER directory as well as in the SYS:SYSTEM directory. System configuration information and parameter settings are first read out of the Configuration file, then out of the .NCF files if they are present for compatibility reasons. Changes made to the system through NetWare 5's MONITOR utility are saved to the NetWare Configuration file (NetWare 5 combines the SET parameter functionality of the SERVMAN utility into its MONITOR utility).
Helpful Console Commands
The NetWare 5 OS comes with a number of server console commands that you can use to see how SET parameters and system configuration information are presently set. While this is not an exhaustive list, below are the console commands that can help you better understand how your NetWare 5 server is presently configured.
This command displays the current search paths and the current values of the set parameters for the server. The name of the SET parameter(s) displayed is highlighted in the color White with the current value in the color Yellow. The Display Environment command only displays SET parameters that are not marked as Hidden. You will also see the minimum and maximum values, as well as the default setting of the set parameter (if present) for each SET parameter displayed.
Use this command to display all of the "persistent" SET parameters that have been changed from their default value either through the NetWare Configuration file or through an .NCF file. You will see both the current setting and the default setting (see Figure 5).
Figure 5: Display of the current and default settings of the SET parameters.
Use this command to display every set parameter that has been changed from its default value. You will be asked whether you want to change the value of each SET parameter back to its default value (Yes), to skip to the next modified SET parameter (No), change all of the SET parameters back to the default without any intervention (All), or quit the console command (Quit).
SAVE ENVIRONMENT (filename.ext)
Use this command to save the current environment (see DISPLAY ENVIRONMENT) to a specified filename that will be stored at the root of the SYS volume. You can then use the information in the file to help troubleshoot and document your server environment along with the NLMs that are loading.
SAVE MODIFIED ENVIRONMENT (filename.ext)
Use this command to save all the set parameters that have been modified to a specified filename that will be stored at the root of the SYS volume. You can use this command to help troubleshoot and document your present server environment along with the NLMs that you are loading
NetWare Peripheral Architecture
While implemented in earlier versions of NetWare/intraNetWare, the NetWare Peripheral Architecture (NWPA) was written to provide a broader and more reliable driver support for third-party host adapters and storage devices. The NWPA architecture comes as the storage configuration for NetWare 5 and replaces existing NetWare DDFS driver specifications for developers.
NWPA takes a very modular approach to driver support by breaking them into two components types: the Host Adapter Module (HAM) and the Custom Device Module (CDM). HAM aligns itself to adapter hardware, while CDM associates with storage devices or autochangers attached to a host adapter bus.
Also supported in NWPA for NetWare 5 is driver hot replacement capabilities. This ability allows users to dynamically swap out a driver that is in the server's memory with a newer version of the driver without downing the server in the process. This ability can save systems administrators a lot of down time when upgrading drivers supporting large disk volumes.
How NWPA Works
HAMs and CDMs are loaded as NLMs and they must provide resource-need information as they load, as well as how to deallocate their resources when they are unloaded. Components making up the NWPA architecture are as follows:
Media Manager. The Media Manager is the storage management layer and the "brain" that runs the NWPA .This component provides the storage management interface between NLM applications and storage device drivers. The Media Manager take NLM application I/O requests and converts them to messages that are compatible with the NWPA architecture. The Media Manager is the layer between NWPA and the storage application.
The Media Manager adds value to the devices presented by NWPA and provides the APIs set used to configure and manage the IO System. One of the added value features Media Manager provides is software fault tolerance via the HotFix and Mirror support. HotFix reserves space on the media as spares for other parts of the media that are bad. IO requests to the bad areas are transparently redirects by HotFix to the spares. The Mirror support duplicates data by writing the same data to multiple media. Should one of the media in the Mirror set go bad data is still preserved and obtained from the remaining media in the set. Media Manager also supports all aspects of removable media.
Host Adapter Module (HAM). HAMs are the driver components that are associated with a specific host adapter hardware. Third-party developers who are writing to the NWPA supply these program modules with their host adapters. HAMs are loaded as NetWare Loadable Modules (NLMs) and are used to route requests to the bus where a specified device is attached.
Host Adapter Interface (HAI). The HAI is a set of APIs within the NWPA that provides an interface for HAMs to communicate with the NWPA.
Custom Device Module (CDM). CDMs are the driver components that are associated with storage devices and are supplied by third-party developers. CDMs build device-specific commands from the I/O messages received from the Media Manager, and are also loaded as NLMs.
Custom Device Interface (CDI). The CDI is another layer within the NWPA that provides an interface for CDMs to communicate with the NWPA.
CDM Message. The CDM message is a data structure for an I/O message that is received by a CDM. The NWPA receives an I/O request from the Media Manager and converts the request to a CDM message to be passed to a CDM. It is from the contents of this structure that a CDM builds a request structure (SuperHACB) specific to a particular hardware-bus protocol.
Super Host Adapter Control Block (SuperHACB). The SuperHACB is a data structure built by a CDM and contains device-specific commands. Each SuperHACB contains a HACB as one of its data members along with some additional data space.
Host Adapter Control Block (HACB). The HACB is the protocol-specific request structure containing the data that is essential to communicate with the HAM layer. It is an I/O data structure contains a protocol-specific command block (such as SCSI or IDE-ATA) . All I/O requests to the HAM are in the form of HACBs, and the HAM passes the commands comtained in the command block on to the devices attached to the hardware bus.
NetWare Bus Interface (NBI). The NBI is a hardware abstraction layer that allows hardware developers to write platform independent modules. Some platforms may support more than one bus at a time and each bus can be quite different from another bus. The NBI makes platform-related issues transparent to the software modules.
Novell Event Bus (NEB). The NEB allows multiple event producers to communicate with multiple event consumers in a synchronous or asynchronous manner. Consumers and producers must register with the event bus in order to interact with producers and consumers.
Now that the modules have been explained, here is how the flow of events occurs:
An NLM application, or the OS, issues an I/O request to the Media Manager, which then converts the raw request into a Media Manager Message.
The NWPA converts the Media Manager's message to a CDM message and passes a pointer to the CDM Message to the CDM's I/O entry point that it specifies during CDM initiation and registration.
The CDM builds a SuperHACB from the data in the CDM Message. The CDM then passes a pointer to this SuperHACB to the NWPA through the CDI interface.
The NWPA routes the HACB portion of the SuperHACB to the HAM supporting the target device associated with the I/O request.
The HAM sends the device command in the HACB to the appropriate adapter registers to where it is attached.
After the device finishes processing the command, the HAM is notified (usually by an interrupt).
The HAM layer does whatever is necessary to complete the HACB I/O request, places the completed information in the HACB, and then passes a pointer to the HACB to the NWPA through the HAI interface.
The NWPA then performs a callback to the CDM by passing a pointer to the original SuperHACB. At this point, the CDM checks to see if the requested action completed and to determine the device's error status. The CDM then returns to the NWPA the completion status.
The NWPA then returns the Media Manager message back to the Media Manager.
The Media Manager then calls the application back with the completed message.
PCI Hot Plug
NWPA supports hot plugable adapters. The Hot Plugging feature reports when an adapter error occurs, (CDMs return an adapter error code within an I/O message) and then unloads that adapter. In order to do this, the server must have loaded the Hot Plug Monitor and Hot Plug Controller Driver modules. The Hot Plug Monitor NLM monitors the adapter's status, gives commands to unload adapter support, and turns off power to the adapter that is being replaced. The Hot Plug Controller Driver turns the power off to the slots and controls the indicator lights. The Controller driver is vendor specific for the Hot Plug hardware. Currently there are only two supported platforms:
Compaq Proliant 6500 and 7000
IBM Netfinity 5500, and 7000 M10
Expect to see more in the future as other hardware manufacturers begin implementing these Hot Plug capabilities. As a troubleshooting note, the events to control this capability are sent and received through the Novell Event Bus (NEB). To enable these hot plug capabilities, be sure the NEB, ODINEB, NCM, NCMCON, HWDETECT, and the SBD modules are all loaded. You can type MODULES <Enter< at the server console prompt to see a list of all presently loaded NLMs.
There are some console commands to view the current status of components of the NWPA architecture. These include SCAN ALL, SCAN FOR NEW DEVICES, LIST STORAGE ADAPTERS, and LIST STORAGE DEVICE BINDINGS.
I2O Support
NetWare 5 also supports the Intelligent I/O (I2O) Architecture Specification, which is an open architecture for developing device drivers and can run independent of operating systems, processor platforms, or the system I/O bus. This allows hardware vendors to develop host/OS-independent I/O controllers that can offload much of the I/O processing burdon from the main CPU(s).
Such implementations include RAID controllers for network data storage and retrieval, ATM controllers, and NICs. Thus by exporting interrupt calls to another device, the server's CPU can spend its time performing other functions and services that don't involve interrupt processing, thereby increasing a server's I/O scalability.
The main objectives of the I2O Architecture Specification are as follows:
To specify an architecture that is operating system or vendor-independent, and adapts to existing operating systems.
To define an environment that coexists with existing device drivers; legacy device drivers can be ported to the new environment at the vendor's discretion.
To provide an architecture that isolates the intelligent I/O subsystem from the host operating system. The execution environment created by the architecture enhances both system performance and functionality.
To create an architecture that allows device drivers to scale across system platforms, from high-end workstations to high-end servers.
To enable device drivers to port across target processors; portability refers to the device driver source code written in ANSI C.
Novell's Support for I2O
With NetWare 5, Novell ships a number of NetWare Loadable Modules which you can use, depending on the type of hardware system your server uses. These NLMs include:
Free BuilD
Free Build, used to testing performance issues
Free Build, used to testing performance issues
Free Build, used to testing performance issues
The next list of modules depends on the type of protocol you are running. These modules include the following:
Ethernet LAN driver support
FDDI LAN driver support
Token-Ring LAN driver support
NetWare Bus Interface-the hardware abstraction layer support
Media Support Manager layer support
Ethernet support module
Token-Ring support module
FDDI support module
NetWare 5 will automatically detect if the proper hardware in place, such as I2O-aware mother board designs and add-on network boards. With them, NetWare servers should be able to achieve faster throughput for both the I/O channels and the NetWare OS services. By splitting the workload to embedded processors on I/O controllers, user/server-requested data reads and writes can improve dramatically under heavy workloads.
WinSock 2 Implementation
A big plus for developers, NetWare 5 fully supports the WinSock 2 programming interface as an industry standard. WinSock 2 is adapted from the Microsoft Windows WinSock 1.1 specification and uses sockets as its means to transport data.
NetWare 5 supports WinSock 2 on the server by supporting all of the operational modes that apply to the NetWare OS. This includes traditional blocking and non-blocking modes, as well as the new asynchronous message mode (NetWare 5 does not support Windows-specific Asynchronous Windows Message Mode). Novell considers WinSock 2 the preferred interface for applications that need to access a number of different protocols simultaneously for transport independence. This means you can change the plumbing underneath without affecting the application that is using the plumbing.
Novell's implementation includes backwards compatibility for WinSock 1.1 at the source code level. Source code compatibility means that the WinSock 1.1 APIs are preserved, allowing WinSock 1.1 application source code to run on a WinSock 2 system by including the ws2nlm.h header file and relining the code to the WinSock 2 libraries. (All header files are found on Novell's Developer SDK and for Novell's implementation, developers will need to recompile their code to implement those changes).
The WinSock 2 architecture also allows for simultaneous access to multiple transport protocols, which Novell fully supports. While WinSock 1.1 was implemented on TCP/IP only, WinSock 2 contains the Windows Open System Architecture (WOSA) compliant architecture, allowing applications access to protocols other than TCP/IP. WinSock 2 also provides for a name resolution mechanism when more than one transport protocol is in use.
Novell's Java-based GUI and Utilities
NetWare 5 comes with a server-based Java graphical user interface (GUI) that you use when installing the operating system itself. You will also see a Java-based GUI when you restart NetWare 5 after installation. The NetWare GUI allows you to run Java programs and applets on the NetWare server. Its menu is preconfigured with java utilities.
Accessible from the Start Menu of the Java GUI is ConsoleOne. It is a graphical utility written in Java that runs on both the NetWare Server and Windows workstations, that allows you to perform selected server and NDS Administration tasks. For instance, ConsoleOne provides the ability to browse the NDS tree, create and modify four NDS object types: user, group, organization and organizational unit; and full rights management within the directory structure.
ConsoleOne allows you to perform certain file system functions from the server, something you have never been able to perform up to this time. Some of the file system functions include creating, deleting, and renaming files, moving and copying files, and viewing DOS volumes. However, with this Proof of Concept version, the user's attributes and trustee assignments won't be moved or copied, nor will Read-Only files be moved as Read-Only. There is also presently no support input of Asian characters.
Note: It is important to remember that the minimum requirements for running ConsoleOne management utility on the server is 128MB of server memory with at least 200MHz of CPU power. Otherwise, you may be disappointed in what you see.
Because this is a "proof of concept" utility, feel free to tell Novell what you would like to see in this and future Java-based server utilities. To do this, send e-mail to firstname.lastname@example.com.
Another thing to remember when working at the server console is that after 15 minutes, the ConsoleOne and the common GUI shell (known as the Graphical Console screen) is written to VM disk to conserve physical memory and other server resources. Because of this, if you are using the Alt+ESC keys to thumb through the server console screens and everything comes to a standstill when you pull up the Graphical Console screen, know that it's because the screen must first be reloaded into physical memory from the VM swap file.
To avoid this unnecessary wait, instead of using the Alt+Esc keys for perusing the console screens, use the Ctrl+Esc keys. This key combination will bring up the Current Screens window, listing the different console screens that are presently open (see Figure 6). Simply type in the number of the screen you want to go to and that screen will be displayed.
Figure 6: By using the Ctrl+Esc keys the server console brings up a Current Screens menu to allow you to choose a screen without having to toggle.
Another suggestion found in the README file is to exit ConsoleOne when you are not using it, then relaunch it when you want to use it. You can unload it by pulling up the Graphical Console server screen, clicking on the Novell icon in the bottom left-hand corner, then selecting the Exit GUI/Yes option. (You can also exit ConsoleOne by clicking on the Graphical Console server screen and then selecting the Exit GUI/Yes option.)
To disable the Graphical Console screen from loading when the server comes up, load the NWCONFIG utility (this is the NetWare INSTALL utility renamed), select the NCF Files Options, then the Edit AUTOEXEC.NCF File, and look for the following lines at the bottom of the screen:
#ConsoleOne Startup NCF
Simply put a pound sign in front of the STARTX.NCF line to prevent the GUI Console splash screen from automatically loading. (The C1START.NCF line comes REMarked out, preventing ConsoleOne from loading, as well as the GUI Console splash screen. Each Java-based application that needs the common console screen will load it as the application initializes.) You can then simply type C1START at the server console prompt whenever you want to load ConsoleOne.
We should also mention that ConsoleOne can run on Windows 95/98 or Windows NT client workstation. To do this, you should have the NetWare 5 Client installed, and the workstation should have a minimum of a 200 MHZ processor and 64 MB of actual memory, with a 64 MB swap file minimum defined and 150 files allocated in the CONFIG.SYS file. Also, set the monitor to 800x600 resolution for easier screen manipulation.
ConsoleOne Architecture
ConsoleOne consists of a common shell and a set of snap-in programming interfaces. This allows developers to use the shell as the common framework where they write management pieces that "snap-in" and therefore provide management utilities.
The design of the snap-in architecture provides a console snap-in, content snap-ins and namespaces definitions. The console snap-in provides the common shell framework which developers can use to build on and provides menu-item specifications for tool bar and menu bar placements. The content snap-ins are the management utilities that Novell and third-party companies can design to snap-in to the console shell framework in order to extend network management at the server.
The snap-in architecture can also display network objects or resources within a defined namespace. These can be in logical namespaces, such as NDS, LDAP, NetWare file systems, NT Domains, or they can be physical name spaces, such as network or segment maps or inventory databases.
(For more information on the snap-in architecture, see "Novell ConsoleOne: Common Console for Management and Administration Utilities" in the March 1998 issue of Novell Developer Notes.)
The beginnings of the snap-in architecture can be seen through the ConsoleOne utility, which will eventually exhibit all of the functionality that you now see in the NWADMIN utility. And, because it is written in Java it will run on both the server and the workstation.
Some New NetWare 5 Console Commands
While listing all of the console commands that have changed will entail its own AppNote or two, here are some of the more pertinent commands. For more information about any of the server commands, type HELP <console command< <Enter<, at the server console prompt. To view the available console commands, type HELP <Enter< at the server console prompt.
While not a new command, the ALIAS command does contain some extended functionality in its NetWare 5 release. ALIAS allows you to create more easily remembered names for your most used console commands. By typing ALIAS <Enter<at the server console prompt, you will see a list of those console commands that have already been given an alias name or an abbreviated name, as shown below:
PRV-ME: ALIAS The following is a list of defined aliases: 1. PROTOCOLS alias for <PROTOCOL<< 2. SERVERID alias for <IPX INTERNAL NET<< 3. VOLUMES alias for <VOLUME<< 4. M alias for <MODULES<
These alias names are "persistent," so if you create an alias name for a command, it is written to the NetWare Configuration file, and will appear when you type ALIAS "Enter" again, even after you reboot the server. You can use much shorter names for console commands if you like. For example, when you type HELP ALIAS <Enter< at the console prompt, the example it uses is the letter V as an alias for VOLUME. You can also overwrite the aliases that are already in place if you choose the same letter as one that is already in use.
Note: Do not create an alias to call another alias. If you do you may receive an UNKNOWN COMMAND ??? designation if you try the command after you down the server and bring it back up again.
You can also use the ALIAS command to set up shortcuts for calling NLMs. For example, you can type ALIAS MON MONITOR <Enter< to set up an alias that calls up the MONITOR utility whenever you type MON <Enter< at the server console prompt. Again, this alias for the NLM will remain a part of the NetWare Configuration file and will be available the next time you bring the server up.
However, if you are calling up a series of modules together, it's best not to use ALIAS, but to create an .NCF file and place all of the commands needed in that file.
MODULES or M
To see the different NetWare Loadable Modules that are presently loaded on your NetWare 5 server, you can type M <Enter< at the server console prompt to use the MODULES's alias name. The different colors you see when NetWare<5 initially loads or when you bring up a modules listing is rather interesting. The color equation goes like this:
These NLMs are loaded from a hard-coded internal list that is called when SERVER.EXE executes.
These NLMs are also bound in to SERVER.EXE, but are loaded from the startup partition at C:\NWSERVER. For instance DSLOADER.NLM is always colored Red because it needs to load from the C: drive.
These NLMs are autoloaded by another NLM as the server initially comes up. For example, LONG.NAM, CLIB, STREAMS, are colored Purple when they initially load, but they are then colored Red when you see them listed through the MODULES command.
These NLMs are loaded from the Novell Configuration file, from any .NCF files (i.e., the AUTOEXEC.NCF or STARTUP.NCF files), or from the server console prompt.
Informational messages referring to symbol information about the modules that are loading.
Informational messages on the modules that are loading.
For instance, you will often see in the color green the message:
NLMmodulename does not have any XDC data.
This message appears as the multiprocessor feature of the NetWare OS loader checks to see if these NLMs are MPK-enabled. If they are not, you see this informational message, which basically means that these modules will be run in single processor mode, regardless of how many processors the server has.
You can use this key sequence to gracefully down the server if the server console is hung and you can't seem to get back to the server prompt. When you press Ctrl+Alt+Esc, you will see a screen that gives you two options:
Down the File Server and Exit to DOS.
Cancel the Volume Mount.
You can also press the ESCape key to exit out of this screen if you need to. If you choose 1, you will be asked again if you want to down the server and exit to DOS. Answering Y will do just that.
The NetWare Debugger
You need to use the new VDB5.EXE file in order to look at the NetWare 5 core dumps, as the old VDB for NetWare 4.x does not support NetWare 5. To get into the debugger, press Shift+Shift+Alt+Escape at the same time at the server console prompt. (Note that all server activity is suspended when the server is in debugger mode.) Here's a small list of commands for getting around in the debugger:
h or .h
Pulls up Help
Instruction pointer
Dumps the stack
Performs a stack walk
Writes to the Abend log
Views the different console screens states before the server crash
Displays the modules and their versions
Performs a core dump, with a new mini core dump feature added when don't have enough disk space for a full core dump.
Compatible Software and Hardware for NetWare 5
As NetWare 5 ships, there are over 200 appplications that have been tested and certified to run on this platform. A list of these applications and products can be found on the World Wide Web at the following URL:
This list will be constantly added to as additional software and hardware are tested for compatibility.
This AppNote covered some of the major features in the NetWare 5 operating system, such as NCP independence over multiple protocols, a new server memory model, multi-processor kernel with MPK server hardware support, and the use of the NetWare Configuration file for keeping track of server configuration and SET parameters.
Future AppNote articles will delve into more detail on the administrative elements assigned to NetWare 5's management utilities and SET parameters.
* Originally published in Novell AppNotes
The origin of this information may be internal or external to Novell. While Novell makes all reasonable efforts to verify this information, Novell does not make explicit or implied claims to its validity.


text:
The Agriculture…Agriculture is an important industry in Chenango, Fulton, Herkimer, Montgomery, Otsego and Schoharie Counties. The dairy and field crop industry represents over seventy percent of the agricultural product sold. Because the land resources in the region are naturally suited for dairy and field crop production the potential for increased agricultural production exists.
The Team Mission… The Central New York Dairy and Field Crops Team was formed to work with this important industry. The mission of this Extension team is to provide high quality educational programs that address the needs of dairy and field crop producers in Chenango, Fulton, Herkimer, Montgomery, Otsego and Schoharie Counties. The team consists of a Dairy Specialist and a Field Crop Specialist, working the six-county region.
The Education…Educational activities provided by the team to the agricultural community emphasize not only technical subject matter but also resource management and problem solving. Teaching techniques emphasize small groups that allow for interaction among participants and instructors. The participants learn how to solve their own problems through the experiences of others. Training sessions are made as "hands on" as possible with the use of classroom activities, field demonstrations and farm tours. At every stage of the educational process achieving profitability while meeting personal and business goals is stressed.
Current Issues Addressed by the Team…
For information about agricultural related issues not described here, please contact the association directly:
Chenango County
CCE in Chenango County
99 North Broad St
Norwich, NY 13815
Fulton and Montgomery Counties
CCE in Fulton and Montgomery Counties
55 E Main St # 210
Johnstown, NY 12095
518-762-3909 or 866-762-3909
Herkimer County
CCE in Herkimer County
5657 State Rte 5
Herkimer, NY 13350
Otsego County
CCE in Otsego County
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Cooperstown, NY 13326
Saratoga County
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50 West High St.
Ballston Spa, NY 12020
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CCE in Schoharie County
173 South Grand St
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Kevin Ganoe
Kevin Ganoe is the field crop specialist and team leader. He received his BS in Plant Science from Penn State University and a Master's of Science in Agronomy also from Penn State. Kevin was previously the field crops agent for Erie and Crawford counties in Pennsylvania for thirteen years. He also worked as a research aid to the corn specialist at Penn State.
Kevin can be reached at: 315-866-7920 x 230 or firstname.lastname@example.com
David Balbian
Dave Balbian is the dairy management specialist on the team. He received his Bachelors Degree in Agriculture Education from Cornell University and his Masters from the College of Saint Rose. Prior to his appointment, Balbian was a Territory Manager for Nutrena Feeds out of the Port of Albany Mill covering six counties. He has previous extension experience working for Cooperative Extension in Saratoga and Rensselaer counties as the dairy agent.
David can be reached at: 518-312-3592 or email@example.com
Last updated March 19, 2019


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We live for our work, our craft. We have some of the country's most awarded stylists and colourists. We pride ourselves in our professionalism, and industry peers recognize our work in local and international awards year on year.
Our close association with the fashion industry means we are always well informed with the latest in hair fashion trends.
We offer consultations prior to a booking, they're complimentary, and will help give you ideas and instill confidence.


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Like reverse lights LOL
The Pub is: Forum to generally shoot the breeze. It is NOT: a debate forum (NO Politics, religion, or controversial topics.) Keep it clean, fun and lite!
Like reverse lights LOL
All Things Must Pass...
After seeing that video I need to give my Lambretta a hug
Central PA
1973 TR6 Damson Plum / Biscuit interior, HVDA 5-speed, Good Parts Hubs
1976 TR6 White/Biscuit interior SOLD
Nostalgia isn't what it used to be.
Looks like it's more fun than a Yugo.
Someone needs to post the video of the
Trabant factory.
"Across from the bar there's pile of beer cans,
been there 27 years....."
Speaking of weird little vehicles you don't see often, I've seen this 1967 Toyota "Publica" pickup in a couple of local shows. If I remember him saying it was mainly for the Japanese market and there were not many in US.
Fathers Day 2018-9.jpg
All Things Must Pass...
Seems like lots of minor inaccuracies; starting with the fact the Trabi was not the only East German car.
East Germany was never actually Communist, not even really Socialist. Closer to a dictatorship.
Not sure what's with the "can't lift in any gear but 4", no one mentioned that when I was there.
And he missed a few things; like it did have a crude fuel gauge : When you got low on fuel, the engine quit until you twisted the fuel knob on the dash. Very similar to the original Volkswagen (and my Ferguson tractor with the Standard engine). Just don't forget to twist it back after filling up!
As well as my favorite feature : the body was not made of steel, not even metal! It was actually closer to Masonite, basically ground up cotton waste compressed with a phenol resin into molds. After the wall fell, the unified German government quickly decided the binder was toxic and the car was literally declared toxic waste. It cost more to dispose of than the car was worth in running condition! As a result, there were hundreds of them simply abandoned on the side of the road (I presume after having the numbers removed).
I've driven "4 on the tree" (on a Peugeot, not a Trabi), it's not so bad. You don't "look" at the lever to tell what gear you're in, you have to feel your way.
Another fun fact : New Trabis were incredibly cheap, but the supply was so limited that you could wait 10 years or more to get one. As a result, used Trabis routinely sold for more than new! And since the East German mark was so nearly worthless, there was a brisk underground economy in Trabi parts.
All in all, a fitting vehicle for a country that put up a minefield and armed guards just to keep its citizens from leaving! I got one of the gun slits (guard tower window) from the Berlin wall (technically a few days before the wall officially came down), but unfortunately it got thrown away before I could get home with it. One of the Indians apparently threw it overboard, thinking it was trash.
If you're ever in Berlin, be sure to see the Checkpoint Charlie museum. It's just amazing, the things people tried to get out of East Germany.
56 TR3 TS13571L once and future daily driver
71 Stag LE1473L waiting engine rebuild
71-72-73 Stag LE2013LBW waiting OD gearbox rebuild
All Things Must Pass...
"How do you double the value of a Traubi?"
Fill the gastank!
'64 MGB, '67 Lotus Elan S-3 DHC,'69 Lotus Elan +2
'78 Alfa Romeo Spider-undergoing surgery: O=\*/=O
'84 300D Turbo-"Diesela"-Now my Daily: Oo|≣|oO
'02 Toyota Camry- SWMBO's 'new-to-her' Daily. <sigh>
Chaos & Mayhem PTY, LTD..C.I.O. & Floor Sweepervisor
Scrap yards would pay you for the gas in the tank when you dropped one off, right?
You and I, went through all the Cold War BS.....and the Russkies can't keep airliners in the sky....nor Submarines from burning, blowing up, or sinking. Vehicles? Gimme a break, and NOT my arm or leg, please.
I have two versions of up-close-and-personal with Soviet era military vessels. AGI's (Trawlers), and Foxtrot submarines.
We were taught to worry about Soviet Submarines.
When you get Soviet Propaganda telling the world Foxtrots had a "normal" operating depth of 900+ feet...and you work on one...they cut the hull for a stairwell for access....and the freaking hull is 5/8" thick......no. Our "shallow" WWII diseasemal boats had 5/8" hulls, frames INSIDE the hull, and less than 300' operating depth....and the Foxtrots had the frames on the outside.....and I KNOW the capabilities of their sonar....ever hear of a "Crazy Ivan"? Reason (primary) was lack of capabilities in their sonar.....six cylinder Kolomna diseasemal engines...direct drive....to a six bladed prop (three and three, actually) and the sound signature was...distinctive.
Trabants do not surprise me.
Pressed cotton waste bodies....like the battery compartments (berthing) on Foxtrots....everything above the batteries was wood.
Imagine the fire danger.
No wonder they had two fire suppression stations, one in Forward Torpedo, one in Maneuvering, consisting of two tanks each (about the size of a barbecue propane tank) of....FREON. Valve for each compartment (and sometimes the shipyard workers were not stellar in attention to detail on labeling said valves), spray nozzles in the overhead.....and anybody in the compartment when you engaged the system...dies.
Again, Trabants do not surprise me.
There used to be a joke in Soviet Russia, "we pretend to work and they pretend to pay us.
But goes to show how direction from the top doesn't work. In the 1940s Stalin directed Tupolev to build him copies of the B-29 using several interned bombers as patterns. The manufacturer was afraid to ask for details of what copies meant so the eventual TU-4 copy contained all the patches and fixes for damage they had received over Japan during the war. Thus they could say to Stalin that he had his copies. Of course it wasn't mentioned that the engines weren't really copies as the Soviet engineers couldn't get reliable versions so they used a Russian designed engine of the same size.
I've oft wondered how many Russian subs are REALLY tango uniform on the bottom.
'64 MGB, '67 Lotus Elan S-3 DHC,'69 Lotus Elan +2
'78 Alfa Romeo Spider-undergoing surgery: O=\*/=O
'84 300D Turbo-"Diesela"-Now my Daily: Oo|≣|oO
'02 Toyota Camry- SWMBO's 'new-to-her' Daily. <sigh>
Chaos & Mayhem PTY, LTD..C.I.O. & Floor Sweepervisor
I don't think it would be possible to design a more bland, classless, unappealing car if you tried.
All Things Must Pass...
Add to that the info gleaned from fellow crewmen who were there when impacts occurred....and the "sound of the boat breaking up" as it went down reported by Sonar.
Near Bangor Washington is a undersea warfare museum. Out front is the sail for USS Sturgeon, SS(N) 637, lead boat of the class...except Whale commissioned before Sturgeon.
That is NOT the original sail for Sturgeon. I was in Groton when they dragged it in.
Ran into a guy several years later who was on board when it happened.
Crazy Ivans can do that to you.
Dace, same thing...and there are others.
Since I was not aboard and did not sign non-disclosures........I can sort of talk about it.
Was it the K-19? Which one did Glomar Explorer try to raise?
We lost two nuke boats...one ended up with the torpedo battery manufacturer never doing that again...the other, that shipyard never built another..and SubSafe came about because of Thresher.
I always kept in mind where product was going while working as an NDT inspector with Babcock & Wilcox. Always triple intent when the customer was in Groton CT. Guessing the Russions lacked any such scrutiny of the materials going into their boats.
'64 MGB, '67 Lotus Elan S-3 DHC,'69 Lotus Elan +2
'78 Alfa Romeo Spider-undergoing surgery: O=\*/=O
'84 300D Turbo-"Diesela"-Now my Daily: Oo|≣|oO
'02 Toyota Camry- SWMBO's 'new-to-her' Daily. <sigh>
Chaos & Mayhem PTY, LTD..C.I.O. & Floor Sweepervisor
I could tell you stories. Stainless Steel is your friend on sea going vessels...really smart on ones that submerge....and all the stainless on my Foxtrot...rusted.
They had no crossconnects on the hydraulics. I REALLY saw that when I worked on the Juliette in Rhode Island.
One system goes down, you cannot crossconnect to another to continue the mission.
TWO freaking toilets inside the hull. Mark of a good Soviet Submariner was to hold his poo.
Surface the boat, in the aft end of the sail was a carpper (sp) that dumped through a slot in the bottom of the sail down over the side of the hull.
Showers? One, and one small still for battery water and cooking only. You got one 30-second fresh water shower a week. In the aforementioned sail was a shower...they lit off the firefighting pump and you had all the 34 degree north Atlantic salt water showers you could handle.
Mess decks? NONE. You got you food at the galley that was smaller than any bathroom I have ever seen, went and found a place to eat.
I was used to US boats, as were my fellow workers on the Foxtrot. Never seen that many valves and valve handles. Instead of flipping a switch, with an electro-mechanical operation at the other end.....
We could not figure out what they were thinking. The designs made no sense.
One night I went down to the boat, sat on one of the (empty) diesels, and thought. And thought.
What was the Russkie engineer thinking when he designed this POS?
And I started figuring it out. Counter to what we did by a bunch.
I held School of the Boat sessions to enlighten my fellow crewmembers.
I should tell you about Countermeasures. Flare storage. Torpedo tubes.
On the B-29/TU-4, they used those things to great advantage during the Korean conflict, to the point that any unidentified B-29 following your formation was to be shot down.
Landing gear, I don't know if they ever figured out our use of Titanium. Why every Russkie Air Museum has pylons beside the gear to hold them up. Or so I've been told.
Mr. Bean had a Trabant for work, races a Jag MKVII for fun.
Larry K
58 Jag 3.4 MK 1 auto under restoration, 57 Jag 3.4 MK1 manual (parts car),
03 Cooper S, 2011 Cooper S Countryman, 2011 Land Rover LR4 HSE LUX, 1964 Valiant V200
Also had , 68 Cortina 1600E, 64 Spit 4 & 80 1500, 73 GT6 3, 71 XJ6, 79 XJ6, 86 XJS V-12, 53 XK120 OTS.
Light green Trabant was the clown car, I believe the mini was red, but I remember evrytime I saw him in action was the green Trabant. Might be wrong.
Larry K
58 Jag 3.4 MK 1 auto under restoration, 57 Jag 3.4 MK1 manual (parts car),
03 Cooper S, 2011 Cooper S Countryman, 2011 Land Rover LR4 HSE LUX, 1964 Valiant V200
Also had , 68 Cortina 1600E, 64 Spit 4 & 80 1500, 73 GT6 3, 71 XJ6, 79 XJ6, 86 XJS V-12, 53 XK120 OTS.
Basil, I stand corrected. Always drove mini in green with black bonnet.
Larry K
58 Jag 3.4 MK 1 auto under restoration, 57 Jag 3.4 MK1 manual (parts car),
03 Cooper S, 2011 Cooper S Countryman, 2011 Land Rover LR4 HSE LUX, 1964 Valiant V200
Also had , 68 Cortina 1600E, 64 Spit 4 & 80 1500, 73 GT6 3, 71 XJ6, 79 XJ6, 86 XJS V-12, 53 XK120 OTS.
Thanks for the video. I have not yet seen it, and look forward to doing so!
As the son of an east German escapee, and having visited many times in the 70s and 80s, I can say the Trabi was not all that bad. It was a 1960 car and technology, never updated throughout its 30 years of production - the result of a system where engineers pretended to be paid - and pretended to work! Given the hardships of post-war Europe, in 1960 it was decently advanced... independent suspension, unibody, and a body that did not rust. Duroplast is the subject of many jokes, but other than disposal issues, it aint that bad. (A 1960s car that did not rust? A Corvette, of course, but is a much different and better car at a higher price point.)
One uncle, the car nut, had a Lada; a much better car. And a Berliner scooter, quite a beautiful design!
Living in East Germany on the other hand... I will never forget the joy brought by giving my relatives bananas and blue jeans. Two commodity items not available. I will never forget the fear of my 8 year old cousin when I repeated Reagan in a public playground - she joked that our new president was a storm; in German Regen means rain - thus the silly joke. Being a little slow on the uptake, when I finally got it, i repeated Reagan, ha ha, Reagan,...!. To which she said sh! People might hear you! But I have fond memories of visiting my grandmother, and the huge family gathered around her table. The best breakfast rolls I have ever had come from the little bakery down the street from her apartment. Simple hard yeast rolls, and really good. I can still taste them now - some 30 years after the wall fell.
Always good to consider the difficulties surmounted when anything is designed and built. As Mike says, given the hardships of post-war Europe - plus the lack of the Marshall Plan - the German Democratic Republic struggled along. Interesting film: "Goodbye, Lenin".
The car was interesting, but what I actually laughed at was the guy doing the "evaluation". Acted more like a 15 year old trying to be funny in front of his junior high buddies.
(Come to think of it, when I visited east Berlin in 1967, I remember the best bread and rolls I ever ate were at a small bakery near (I think) the Neues Museum, where we saw the bust of Nefertiti).
Tom M.
Mac & Phyllis Take a Trip: http://nutmegflyer.com/trip-details-daily-updates/
History: 1976 MGB, 1959 Triumph TR3A, 1960 Mercedes-Benz 190b, 1958 Rambler American, 1953 MG TD.
Next? who the heck knows!


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The price of bitcoin recovered from a low of roughly $380 and rose past $420 at press time on 11th April, on the news that Zhou Xiaochuan, the governor of the People's Bank of China (PBOC), had issued new statements potentially clarifying the central bank's position on bitcoin.
According to reports, during Boao Forum, Xiaochuan offered his opinion on the nascent technology, saying that China would not seek to ban bitcoin and other digital currencies entirely.
Said Xiaochuan:
"It is out of the question of banning bitcoin as it is not started by central bank."
Xiaochuan continued his statements, offering a potential new potential classification for bitcoin, and suggesting that the PBOC may be actively considering how to treat bitcoin.
Xiaochuan said:
"Bitcoin is more a kind of tradable and collectible asset, such as stamps rather than a payment currency."
Boao Forum is a regional economic conference that seeks to address economic problems in Asia, and to promote collaboration on solutions.
Price rises
At press time, the price of bitcoin on the CoinDesk USD Bitcoin Price Index (BPI) rose sharply on the news, climbing more than 18% to pass $420.
Likewise, the price of bitcoin on the CoinDesk CNY BPI was up 12.9% at press time to reach ¥2630.70, up from the day's open of ¥2,329.99.
Uncertainty lifts
News of the statement first surfaced at roughly 7:00 GMT, with the publication of a report by China Securities Network, a news outlet that provides real-time financial reporting, and later resurfaced on a number of similar news channels.
Though the remark may simply amount to an informal statement, it seemingly dispels fears percolating since March that China would potentially seek to ban bitcoin altogether.
Though, the PBOC is still likely looking to step up enforcement of past rules aimed at separating domestic banks from the alleged risk posed by the nascent digital currency industry.
In recent weeks, the price of bitcoin has dropped rapidly, from above $500 to below $400, on the news that China would seek to freeze the ability of major exchanges to conduct yuan deposits. Major exchanges have begun receiving notifications of account closures, and at present, Xiaochuan's statements do not suggest a change in this policy.
CoinDesk is continuing to monitor this developing story.


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Creamsicle-coloured and the size of a dinner plate yo.
It's a fact: Once you get Well the Hell out of NoVa, which I H8 with a capital 8 (I don't mind living relatively proximious to BeeWee but you couldn't PAY me to live out by Dulles), things are damn pretty and it's getting easier not to throw up. I get thinking how it might be fun to have a shackfull of propane tanks and pickle pots, out where the down ticks go. Priced some Parcels online just 2 see. I won't be throwin' down for one anytime soon as I just blew a wad on reel estayte Elsewhere.
Please take me where nothin's goin' on. I would laugh at that line being abt New York except the song doesn't say New York "City" so I guess they could be singing abt Albany.


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Opened 10 years ago
Last modified 7 years ago
#1232 confirmed change
Improve -mgcu behaviour in 16-colour xterms
|Reported by:
|Owned by:
Description (last modified by fizzix)
At the moment -mgcu completely ignores the number of colours available in its terminal environment. This means that in 16-colour environments lots of the monsters are the "wrong" colour, and especially that the "purple uniques" option doesn't work (because TERM_L_VIOLET doesn't exist).
IMO we should simply print an error message if <256 colours are available, but a more time-consuming alternative is to do some juggling with colours. Assigning to d_m as gcu guru - he'll know what to do.
Change History (5)
comment:1 Changed 10 years ago by magnate
- Status changed from new to confirmed
comment:2 Changed 10 years ago by magnate
- Type changed from bug to change
comment:3 Changed 9 years ago by d_m
- Milestone changed from 3.3.0 to 3.4.0
This is lower priority and I'm bumping it to 3.4
comment:4 Changed 8 years ago by fizzix
- Description modified (diff)
- Milestone changed from 3.4.0 to 3.5.0
comment:5 Changed 7 years ago by takkaria
- Milestone changed from 3.5.0 to Future
Note: See TracTickets for help on using tickets.


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Rank: Gunner
Service No: 1090057
Date of Death: 15/02/1941
Age: 29
Regiment/Service: Royal Artillery 64 (The Queen's Own Glasgow Yeomanry) Anti-Tank Regt.
Cemetery BLACK NOTLEY (SS. PETER AND PAUL) CHURCHYARD
Grave Reference His grave is in the middle of the left-hand side of the churchyard as you approach from the gate. He has a white oval topped headstone with the badge of the Anti-tank regiment with 'Ubique Quo Fas et Gloria Ducunt' surmounted by a crown, in the centre of a hollowed cross. At the top: 1090057 Gunner/ E.C.E. Pearson/ 64th Anti-tank Regiment RA/ Q.O.R. Glasgow Yeomanry/15th February 1941 age 29/ Below badge: 'Gone but not forgotten/Never shall thy memory fade/Sweet thoughts ever linger/Where thou art laid.'
Ernest Pearson's gravestone in Black Notley Churchyard
Husband of Sophie Jane Pearson, of Hackney, London.
Each year Ernest Pearson's name is read out by local children at Black Notley's remembrance Sunday service.
War Diary ref. WO 166/1636 64th Anti tank reg Sept 1939 – Dec 1941
- CWGC.org
- Rev Beth Rendry Black Notley Church
- WW2talk
- Photograph © Brian Longman


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About us
La'joi swimwear is a sexy modern brand with a twist of je ne sais quoi. La'joi's aim is to help woman feel fabulous from the inside and out. The pieces are inspired by iconic, confident, women worldwide. All La'joi pieces are handmade to fit all shapes and sizes like a glove and compliment your figure. The aim is to bring out your inner sexy and remain classy, if you're looking for a perfect fit we've got you.
Founded by a young lady from London, designing and working from home, La'joi has now launched it's first online store. Proving no dream is too big.
Matthew 6:33


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What are Joel Przybilla and Pau Gasol looking at? The Cloverfield monster? An upper deck blowie? Danny Noonan's putt? Whatever it was, it helped the Lakers end their 10-game winning streak in Portland.
That may sound big and important, but it seems like everyone and their sister in the Western Conference gets a 10-game winning streak. The Blazers had one, the Jazz had one, the Rockets are still on one, the Lakers' just ended ... okay, so all of four teams. That's not every team. Shaddap. Brandon Roy keeps stretching the envelope or whatever the hell you do with an envelope to symbolize greatness, tossing around a career-high 12 assists to go with 20 points. Jarrett Jack (Jingleheimer Schmidt) had similar numbers off the bench, ending with 21 points and 10 assists.
Everything's Coming Up Rafer. To be Rafer Alston on this night has to be envious. He woke up to the news that his assault charges are being dropped. He then contributed to his team's win over Memphis, extending the team's win streak to 14. He might've also had dinner at the Cheesecake Factory, and that's never a negative experience. Now if he just got laid after the game, Alston would have scored a bingo on the Awesome Day card, provided he used the free space.
• Jazz Is Trying To Make A Comeback. I'm not necessarily advocating a mercy rule in the NBA, but when the score after the first quarter is Hornets 38-15, is there really an impetus to make a comeback at this point, especially when the Jazz have lost so many games on the road? But let's give them some credit, they actually made some semblance of a clawing-back and were at one point down by just four points. That's the kind of silver lining that 14 seeds in the NCAA tournament accept in their first round losses. Chris Paul was the boss on this night with 24 points, 16 assists and 5 steals.
• Ha. Ha. Ha. Atlanta 99, New York 93. That still never gets old.
(Getty photo)


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Visiting Cascade Springs, American Fork Canyon
Use this map if you are coming from SLC.
Use this map if you are coming from Provo.
Cascade Springs is only open during the summer months, since all surrounding roads close during winter.
Distance: 1/4-3/4 mile RT, depending on which trail you follow
Elevation gain: 100 ft
Time: 15 minutes - 1 hour
Dog friendly? Yes, on leash
Kid friendly? Yes! Also stroller friendly.
Fees/Permits? There is no permit, but there is a day use fee of $6, which is good for up to 3 days. An annual National Park Pass or annual American Fork Canyon pass will work as well.
The "what it really looks like" photo in the parking lot. Lots of Razor's, families, and kids.
Charlie and I hiked Mill Canyon Peak right before visiting Cascade Springs, so thankfully we were both already worn out. I knew Charlie would behave better than normal, but also be really hot.Just follow a boardwalk or paved path and you can see everything. There are 3 loops, all which return to the same spot you started.
You can just see the excitement oozing from Charlie's face from being on-leash haha!
There are a few bridges, which are fun for kids to walk over.
Cascade Spring creek
A few steps here and there.
The pavement got a little too hot for Charlie.Since it was getting too hot, we started to walk back to the water and springs.
Ahh, relief in the shade and water.
Make your way back along the boardwalk.
Charlie and I literally spent 15 minutes here - it's extremely short and neither of us was happy he had to be on-leash. We made the best of it, but I would probably never go back. It's just not what we normally like to do, at our activity level, and not what we are interested in seeing. On the positive side, glad we went once!
Trail map of area
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Review Of Hotel Max Seattle: You Could Rent a Minivan It'd be Cheaper and Larger
Because of the huge amount of Social Media outreach that Jen over at Hotel Max does, I decided to give it a try. Described as a "hip boutique hotel" with "Fab Service" I would have to say it is more like Tiny Hotel, with a miserable failure for service. I review a lot of Hotels, but this one is by far the worst.
While the hotel gets some points for allowing me and Nala to check in early, (noon) we were initially greeted with "Are you sure you have the right hotel?" I had booked by phone an hour earlier, and HotelRes.com's Kenny did a great job on the phone being courteous nice, and very helpful, he even called HotelMax to confirm that it was ok to have my cat, Nala, but when arriving with my large bag and cat carrier, I said "I'm checking in" and the response was not, "Welcome to Hotel Max can I get your name" it was "Are you sure you have the right hotel?" followed by an insistence that I didn't have a reservation, despite having a confirmation email on my phone.
The Room is Tiny. Really Tiny. There is no where in the room I can't touch opposite walls. The Bathroom is so small that if were to close the door while sitting on the toilet I could rest my head on it. The Shower is a separate water closet.
The art on the wall is stuff you'd pick out at a starving artists show. Not the "hip art filled" promise of the website, and the art piece in my room doesn't even do what the Ritz does with it's local artisans (who might also be starving artists), putting a plaque with the name of the artist and a biography of them or relevant information about the subject. Instead I have a name and a title, and I'm not sure the name even matches what is signed on the picture.
The Hotel Internet Speed test at less than 1 megabit, despite "Wi-Fi everywhere" I am using my cell phone's access point as that allowed me to watch Hulu where the Hotel's internet would not.
There are no drawers to unpack clothes too, so you have to live out of your suit case. The Drawers are instead filled with $6 Pringles and other over priced snacks.
It is snowing in Seattle as I write this, and the window Air Conditioner/ Heating Unit can't keep up with the cold. The room is a toasty 66 degrees, despite the heat being set to 76. When the heat kicks on the TV goes off, and the lights dim. There is only one open outlet, and only if you unplug a lamp. So charging your cell phone and your laptop at the same time is not going to happen unless you brought your own power strip (like I do).
The Linens on the bed are supposed to be extra luxurious, but are no better than those at the extended stay. They are a cotton sateen with striping. Not cozy, and not silky, they are a muddied blend of the two. Made worse by the fact that the duvet had a large stain on it.
I wouldn't sit in the office chair, it had a white stain front and middle on it. I can only imagine what created that stain. The black wool cover would not leave anything to the imagination so I used one of only 2 towels provided to the room to cover the chair so I could get some work done.
So why am I still here? Well I thought I should give it a full night since I doubted that I would get my money back if I left, especially since after my 16 hour drive from the bay I really wanted a shower and was willing to pay the $109 for that.
Which brings me to the last thing that annoys me. This is not a good deal. When I stayed in Tokyo I stayed in a room smaller than this, but with a bathroom down the hall. That room was $40 a night. Le Parc I get a bathroom larger than this entire room, plus 2 other "rooms" double the size of the "Max" room, and for the same price per night in West Hollywood. The Westin 2 Blocks down the street is $20 more per night list, and $20 less per night as a HotWire.com booking.
While I haven't formally reviewed it, the Roosevelt 2 blocks away it $10 less an night list, and is far superior by every metric, except selection of "Spiritual Reading" which the Hotel Max has a book for everything from Dianetics to Mormonism, in case you forgot you personal copy, or need something to burn in the room in place of the underwhelming window heater. In any event I won't be recommending the Hotel Max to anyone I like in the near future.