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The Colorado State Penitentiary, founded as a territorial prison in 1871, was the first of Cañon City's correctional institutions.[1] The number of Cañon City state prisons grew across the twentieth century to seven, with the completion of the last, Arrowhead Correctional Center, in 1989. Cañon City has prisons of all different levels and sizes. Meanwhile, a few miles down the road in Florence, Colorado, lies the federal Supermax, home to some of the greatest terrorists and criminals in the world, as well as other U. S. government facilities. This cluster of eleven prisons stands as a symbol of the tremendous carceral power of modern political systems, but it also begs inquiry into why and especially how these massive colonies of prisoners have been and continue to be funded. Alongside the moral and judicial realities of incarceration stands its economic role, another important element in public discourse about the burgeoning of American prisons in the past half-century.
Understanding of prisons as an economic system requires the initially surprising recognition that the Department of Corrections is an industrial business. The correctional system is very expensive to operate and, in order to reduce net costs, DOC officials put the prisoners to work. The array of jobs historically available to Colorado inmates has been broad and has changed through the decades—from farming, ranching, and making spurs for horseback riders to manufacturing license plates and road signs.
Corrections administrators are careful about which inmate gets which job. A majority of the prison workforce is made up of lower security inmates. The high security prisoners—in the Cañon City-Florence context, those at Colorado State Penitentiary and the federal Supermax—remain in solitary confinement all day and thus cannot be employed in prison industries. Other offenders must be paid so that their labor does not amount to outright slavery. In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, prisoners at Cañon were paid $.35 a day, or about five 2016 dollars. In 1926, the most a prisoner could work in a year was 359 days. This meant that the prisoners earned the equivalent of around $1,800 a year today. This amount was clearly very little, but more than it might initially seem given the provision of three meals a day and a bed.
Investigating finances through state documents
Over more than a century of Colorado prisons' commercial production, the policies and laws surrounding economic activity in corrections facilities have changed greatly. Until around 1945, the warden of Colorado State Penitentiary had full control over the everyday operations inside prison walls and in CSP's external economic connections. He oversaw what was released to the public and how the government was informed, telling the State of Colorado how much money the prison needed. For the most part, the legislature and governor complied. The warden filed reports every two years showing the financial situation of the prison. These biennial reports represented the specific assets, industries, and expenses of the prison. Each concluded with a chart summarizing the funding needs for the following two years. These reports together amount to a gold mine for investigating the financial status and goals of CSP from its inception to the mid-twentieth century.
Unfortunately, the format for these reports was changed in the 1970s. The newly formed Department of Corrections, which oversaw all prison operations in the state of Colorado, decided to publish biennial reports encompassing all the prisons in Colorado rather than CSP-specific wardens' reports. Financial statements about the year-to-year operation of prison industry in Cañon City thereafter are difficult to find. But evidence for the early twentieth century yields rich insights into the state's and its prisons' mutual economic interest. For the purposes of assessment of the longitudinal role of commercial enterprises at CSP, such relevant reports as are accessible in state document series from the 1920s to the 1940s have been adjusted for inflation and are here accounted in 2015 dollars.
The year 1925 forms a good starting point. The financial statements on the previous fifty years, included in successive warden's reports—are not complex enough to compare with the years following. The years 1924 through 1926, however, were important economically for the Colorado State Penitentiary. CSP had just finished several large construction projects and was trying to pay them off. Overall the prison had a positive year in sales. Construction costs, although considerable, were largely state-funded, so they did not cripple the prison. At the end of the 1926 reporting period, the prison had made $58,188.07 in sales beyond a $35,676.47 reserve to make $93,864.54, equivalent to $1,261,841.69 today, of profit.[2] This margin represented an increase from the previous period's $51,481.08 in revenue.[3] What comprised these increased profits?
Revenue and expenses of CSP
The prison had many revenue-generating industries in the mid-20s. By far the largest was the license plate manufacturing plant. The tag plant at the Colorado State Penitentiary was the archetype for similar factories in prisons throughout the U.S. At its height, the tag plant was making all the license plates and road signs for Colorado, Wyoming, and Utah. It held a market share of the license plate industry in many other western states as well. In 1925-26, the tag plant generated $19,579.71 of profit, equal to $263,214.76 today.[4] This made up thirty-four percent of the prison's revenue for the period, more than any other industry.
The next most profitable industries within the prison were the packing plant and the ranch. The CSP ranch held livestock until animals were ready to be slaughtered and their meat taken to the facility's packing plant. The inmates put meat into cans or bags to prepare it for sale. The ranch also grew many more types of food, such as apples, onions, potatoes, and other vegetables. Most of the food grown and preserved at CSP went to feeding the inmates, reducing the prison's food costs. Even partial food self-sufficiency was fiscally important because the price of feeding roughly 975 inmates three meals a day would have been much higher without these products.[5] Further reduction of the overall cost of maintaining the prison and prisoners came from the sale of cattle and pigs raised by inmate labor and sold in Denver. The hydroelectric plant also generated a small income.
On the other side of the balance sheet, CSP had very large expenses. In 1925-26, the total cost of CSP was $478,735.14, equivalent to $6,435,741.97 today.[6] That number is obviously much larger than the prison's revenue. As in almost all companies then and now, the greatest expense evident in prison accounts was payroll. The prison paid $219,241.86 in wages to the officers, guards, doctors, and other employees—nearly half its overall costs.[7] The next most important expenditure was in provisions, or the general cost of maintaining the physical integrity of the prison. The two years reviewed here were particularly expensive because of the costs of provisions and the construction on parts of the prison.
Mid-twentieth century prison industry
The warden's report for the years 1944-1946 only minimally reflected military and geopolitical events in the U.S. and around the world in the past two decades—the Great Depression and outbreak, course, and end of World War II. These cataclysms produced some small financial troubles during the late twenties and early thirties, but during the same period CSP grew in both prisoner capacity and physical space. The number of prisoners rose almost 100 to a daily average of 1,068.[8] The prison's hospital was completely remodeled and much more attention was paid to remediating the medical conditions of the prisoners. Since 1926 the prison had also added a variety of industrial enterprises—a tailor shop, a mattress factory, a knit mill, a shoe shop, a plumbing shop, and a soap plant—making it a town behind walls.[9]
The addition to these new and more craft-specific economic endeavors meanwhile boosted revenue. In 1945 and 46, the prison made $640,992.07, equal to $7,821,582.47 today.[10] This represented a 683 percent increase since 1926, a massive uptick in the income of the prison. As in the previous report, the 1946 warden's account showed that most profitable industry was the tag plant, followed closely by the packing plant and canning plant. The tag plant, including road signs it made, brought in $136,151.93, equal to $1,661,367.74 today, a 695 percent increase from 1926.[11] In the past twenty years, the automobile industry had surged. More cars meant more license plates. From 1930 to 1940, the number of cars manufactured in the United States increased from about 2,750,000 to over 5,000,000 per year.[12] The packing plant, meanwhile, made $131,539.42 in 1946, equal to $1,605,084.48, again a strong showing[13] Much of the increase in economic productivity from 1926 to 1946 can be credited to Warden Roy Best, whose financial management was assertive—as indeed were his disciplinary practices.
Along with the rise in the profits of the prison enterprise, however, came a hike in maintenance costs. The Colorado State Penitentiary had maintenance costs of $1,179,007.66, equal to $14,386,614.24 today.[14] Still, the cost of maintaining the prison increased only 246 percent, compared to the almost 700 percent increase in profits. Warden Best was able hold costs down by spending less on the maintenance of older structures and instead constructing new buildings able to more successfully withstand the weather. The prison also relied less on the ranches to provide the food for the inmates. Instead it sold all its crops to the general public. Meanwhile Best was able to keep the increase in salaries down to just 264 percent, enhancing the profitability of the prison. Available reports for years after 1945 fail to support close analysis of economic growth at CSP in the fashion that warden's reports of the twenties, thirties, and forties enable. No records are readily available for the years 1964-1966, but it is fair to assume that the trends seen between 1926 and 1946 continued through the 1960s and into the 1980s.
Building more prisons
In the early 80s, the buildings of the old Colorado State Penitentiary were renamed the Colorado Territorial Correctional Facility and a new, differently purposed CSP then built outside of Cañon City. The state wanted to design a Level Five maximum-security prison that would hold the death row inmates. The new facility finally opened in 1993 as the first maximum-security prison where the inmates would live in solitary confinement (administrative segregation) for twenty-three hours of the day.[15] The Department of Corrections report on the prisons of Colorado for the years of 1985-86 shows increasing costs for incarceration statewide. Territorial, CSP under a different name until the new prison was built, itself also experienced these trends. One useful financial accounting this mid-eighties report offers is the inmate cost per day. In 1986, the price of holding one man for one day was $46.67, equal to $101.32 today.[16] Territorial was still making license plates for the state of Colorado, but nowhere do available reports say how much revenue the prison was making, although clearly it was substantial.
In the more recent period, public records remain thin, general, and largely silent about economic activity in specific prisons. Now that the Colorado State Penitentiary is a Level Five facility, it cannot generate profit through production of goods because the prisoners are in their cells all day. Meanwhile, increased security and space per inmate are costly. In Level Four prisons, there are two men or women to a cell but in solitary, a cell is provided for each offender at great expense.
The high rate of incarceration in America is a humanitarian issue, but it is also an economic problem. Incarcerating more people means higher costs to the government and thus higher taxes for citizens. The trend of rising per capita daily cost of inmates demands thoughtful analysis. In 1926, it cost the government $.6723 per day, equal to $9.01 today, to imprison a criminal.[17] This figure is calculated by dividing the total cost of maintaining and operating the prison by the number of inmates, then dividing that figure by 365. $.67 was the effective daily per prisoner cost for the prison, considering convicts' labor brought in almost $100,000 in revenue every two years. By 1946 the per capita cost was $.6894, equal to $8.42 today.[18] The cost of incarceration had gone down, apparently because Warden Best used fewer guards and strict discipline. He was thus successful as a prison manager in terms of fiscal management as well as discipline, though he was criticized for his harshness. As the years went on, however, the per capita cost continued to increase dramatically. In 1986, per prisoner daily cost was $46.67, equal to $101.32 today.[19] At the turn of the century (after CSP turned into a Level Five facility), the daily cost grew to $88.72, equal to $126.71 today.[20] And today the cost to hold one person in solitary confinement for one day is $132.84.[21] The dramatic rise in prison costs from 1946 to 1986 is especially interesting because in 1986 Territorial was still a Level Four prison where the inmates worked and made money. When the old CSP shut down, it lost about half of its inmates to other prisons in the state but it still employed a majority of the guards. The prison was less productive in terms of inmate management than it had previously been, but it still had to pay the officers and guards.
Prisons are government-funded. In the later twentieth century allocations were a major problem for the Department of Corrections, especially in 1992 when the state was building the new Colorado State Penitentiary. An article published in The Denver Post by Peter Sleeth and Jeff Roberts described the issue at hand and suggested measures for fixing it. The DOC was asking for $49.4 million, $83.7 million today, to construct the new CSP. The Colorado DOC needed this new prison because every other facility in the state was over capacity, some facilities by 140 percent. Colorado's incarceration rate was the highest in the U.S. at the time, and the prisons had to lay off workers just so it could afford to keep the extra inmates. The only solution proposed was to raise taxes for the general public, which citizens in turn resisted. The DOC defended its case by representing to the public that if the tax were not passed, future costs would be still higher. Sleeth writes of his conversation with a DOC official, "Low morale, he said, often leads to tension between the guards and inmates. Which can create a volatile atmosphere behind prison walls. Which can lead to violence and prisoner uprisings. Which can cost taxpayers dearly."[22] A prison funding bill was passed in the next election and the prison was able to fund its construction costs.
Like other state industries, the prison system is run like a profit-generating business. In the period surveyed here, Colorado's principal prison in Cañon City grew from a small institution holding criminals for relatively brief periods to large economic structures employing many free citizens and holding offenders long-term at skyrocketing costs to the state's taxpayers. The fiscal history of Colorado State Penitentiary illustrates important notions in the contemporary discourse about the ethics and effectiveness of the American carceral system, revealing troubling financial realities.
[1] Originally researched and drafted by Robbie Twells.
[2] State of Colorado, Board of Corrections, Biennial Report. . .1925-36, 21.
[3] State of Colorado, Board of Corrections, Biennial Report. . .1923-24, 19.
[4] Biennial Report. . .1925-26, 23.
[5] Ibid., 25.
[6] Ibid.
[7] Ibid., 20.
[8] Biennial Report. . .1945-46, 5.
[9] Ibid., 7.
[10] Ibid., 7.
[11] Ibid.
[12] Horace Dediu, The Entrant's Guide to The Automobile Industry, Asymco, February 23, 2015, http://www.asymco.com/2015/02/23/the-entrants-guide-to-the-automobile-industry/.
[13] Biennial Report. . .1945-46, 7.
[14] Ibid., 4.
[15] "CSP – Colorado State Penitentiary," Prison Handbook, August 25, 2012, http://prisonhandbook.com/8335/csp-colorado-state-penitentiary/.
[16] State of Colorado, Department of Corrections, Annual Report. . .1985-1986, 53.
[17] Biennial Report. . .1925-26, 25.
[18] Biennial Report. . .1945-46, 5.
[19] Annual Report . . .1985-1986, 53.
[20] State of Colorado, Department of Corrections, Annual Statistical Report 1998 – 1999, 26.
[21] State of Colorado, Department of Corrections, Cost per Inmate by Prison 2014, 1.
[22] Peter Sleeth and Jeffery Roberts, "Prisons Might Not Open on Time," Denver Post, September 20, 1992.


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I almost know nothing about network connection. I only need to connect to my office server.
I just install Shrew 2.1.5 and try to create connection to my office, I entered the IP address of my office server but I got error message asking me to enter valid server certificate - can anybody help explain to me what is "server certificate"? I cannot find the field to enter it.
Is there any configuration in the office server side that must be changed first?

subset: commoncrawl


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- Secure Shipping Containers in Greendale, WI.
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Unfortunately, at the moment, there is no option to bill the claim to the Tertiary insurance. You will need to update the insurance information in the secondary insurance section and bill the claim out to the tertiary insurance by paper.
Once the claim is printed and mailed to the insurance company, please update the secondary insurance in the corresponding section and also with the tertiary insurance.
Even though a tertiary payment cannot be posted to the patient's appointment directly, we have a work around to do the posting by following the steps outlined below:
- Billing.
- Patient Payments.
- Enter the date when the payment received from Tertiary insurance.
- Select the Appointment date.
- Select the payment type.
- Enter the notes stating "Payment received from Tertiary insurance along with the check number".
- Enter the amount.
- Click on "+ Add".


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PAD: Atherectomy
What is an atherectomy for atherosclerosis/PAD/PVD?
An atherectomy is a procedure that utilizes a catheter with a sharp blade on the end to remove plaque from a blood vessel. The catheter is inserted into the artery through a small puncture in the artery, and it is performed under local anesthesia. The catheter is designed to collect the removed plaque in a chamber in the tip, which allows removal of the plaque as the device is removed from the artery. The process can be repeated at the time the treatment is performed to remove a significant amount of disease from the artery, thus eliminating a blockage from atherosclerotic disease.
Why is this atherosclerosis atherectomy procedure performed? Why do I need this procedure?
The goal of treatment is to eliminate the build-up of plaque in your arteries.
You may need this atherectomy procedure if your arteries become too narrowed or blocked from plaque inside the artery walls. If arteries are blocked, blood cannot get through to nourish the tissues, causing the muscles of the lower extremities to cramp and lose strength.
An atherectomy is especially helpful for treating blockages in arteries that occur around branches or in vessels that are not easily treated with stents.
This procedure is not ideal for everyone. Each patient is evaluated, and treatment will be individualized for the patient's circumstances.
Where is the atherectomy procedure performed and who performs this procedure?
This procedure is performed in the hospital surgical, interventional, or catheterization suite by a trained vascular surgeon.
Doctors vary in quality due to differences in training and experience; hospitals differ in the number of services available. The more complex your medical problem, the greater these differences in quality become and the more they matter.
Clearly, the doctor and hospital that you choose for complex, specialized medical care will have a direct impact on how well you do. To help you make this choice, please review our Miller Family Heart and Vascular Institute Outcomes.


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Guyana's Civil Defence Commission has set up two temporary relief centres at the Uitvlugt Community Centre and the Uitvlugt Secondary School. Acting Director-General of the CDC, Lt.Col. Kester Craig said the centres would house residents affected by the flooding and would provide breakfast, lunch and dinner. Craig told Demerara Waves that 33 households at Stewartville, with an estimate of five persons ...Read More »
Daily Archives: March 2, 2018
Thick black substance on Georgetown seashore not from Exxon's operations
ExxonMobil on Friday said a thick black substance that has showed up in seawater and on the Kingston, Georgetown operations has absolutely nothing to do with its oil exploration operations 200 miles offshore Guyana. 'We can confirm there was no operational upset related to ExxonMobil's operations offshore Guyana. The substance found in the Kingston seashore, Georgetown area is not a ...Read More »
Den Amstel Health Centre on 24 hr shift system following flooding at Leonora Cottage Hospital
The Leonora Cottage Hospital has been closed temporarily as a result of severe flooding caused by extremely high tides that ripped off a section of the Uitvlugt Seawall, officials said. Region Three officials and the Minister within the Ministry of Public Health, Dr. Karen Cummings took the decision to temporarily close the Leonora Diagnostic Centre following flooding of the facility's ...Read More »
Emergency response teams deployed to flood-hit West Demerara villages; high tide breaks down seawall
Extremely high spring tides early Friday morning broke away a section of the West Coast Demerara seawall, resulting in severe flooding to several villages. Public Infrastructure Minister, David Patterson urged residents to take the necessary precautions because more high tides are expected. "Take precautions for the rest of the weekend, since the spring tide continues," he said. He told Demerara ...Read More »


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In a surprising but welcome move, the U.S. Department of Justice has awarded a two-year, $2.4-million grant to provide gun-safety education messaging and free gun locks through the National Shooting Sports Foundation's Project ChildSafe program to communities nationwide.
While we applaud the federal government's support of these efforts, we can't help but wonder why they're Johnny-come-latelies to gun safety. After all, the NRA has been training more Americans in gun safety than any other public or private group—more than a million Americans every year—and for far longer, too: since 1871.
What's more, NRA's Eddie Eagle GunSafe® program has been in operation more than a decade longer than NSSF's Project ChildSafe and reached more than 28 million kids with its comprehensive curriculum through schools nationwide. Kids love it, parents praise it, and it's helped reduce accidental firearm fatalities to the lowest levels ever recorded. So where's the NRA's federal grant?
The number of Right-to-Carry permits issued in Florida is growing by about 20,000 a month, and has recently surpassed the 1.5 million mark.
Permit applications lagged a little after 200,000 applications were issued in 2012. But record gun sales are again spurring an increase in permit applicants. According to News4Jax.com, in August, the Sunshine State processed more background checks for gun sales than in any August in more than a decade.
"It's very steady and constant," Talon Range owner J.D. Johnson told the radio station, describing the classes required to obtain a permit. "We're running at full capacity, and probably if we offered more classes, we could probably fill more classes. We just don't have the time to do it."
New Orleans resident Richard Angelico was the victim of a carjacking on Monday night. Now, he's refusing to be a victim again. Angelico is taking his protection into his own hands and is planning to apply for a concealed-carry permit.
He's not alone. With violent crime rising in New Orleans, there's been a spike in people learning how to shoot and obtaining carry permits.
The Shooters' Club in Harahan has seen a significant increase, especially among women and younger shooters. Kiera Carey is one of them—she's been learning to shoot with her fiance's gun. Carey plans to get her concealed-carry permit soon as well. "If someone does try to approach me and I don't feel comfortable, I have no problems pulling it out at all," she said. Firearms instructor Devvin Burgess agrees: "They realize it can happen to them, and they want to be prepared."
This armed citizen story is a perfect wake-up call for the "just wait for the police" contingent. A female homeowner in Dayton, Ohio, called 911 and told the dispatcher that she heard someone trying to break into her house. She was told to wait for an officer to arrive, so she hunkered down—for over an hour.
As Breitbart reports, eventually the suspect did allegedly gain entrance to her home, and she used her firearm to fatally wound him. She called 911 a second time, and shortly afterwards officers did arrive at her house. Police had apparently treated the first call as relatively low priority—proving the point that when it comes to life and death, the only person you can count on for protection is yourself.
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W. Ralph Rodgers Jr.
(229) 888-2199 (Real Estate Fax)
Areas of Practice
- Taxation
- Trusts & Estate Planning
- Corporate Law
- Partnership Law
- Business Law
- Probate & Estate Administration
- Executive Compensation Planning
- Tax Compliance
- Tax Exempt Organizations
- University of Georgia School of Law, Athens, Georgia
- J.D. magna cum laude - 1985
- University of Florida College of Law, Gainesville, Florida
- University of Georgia
- B.B.A. cum laude - 1977
- University of Georgia
Bar Admissions
- Georgia, 1985
- Georgia Court of Appeals, 1985
- Supreme Court of Georgia, 1985
- U.S. Tax Court, 1985
Honors and Awards
- Georgia Legal Elite in the area of Taxes/Estates/Trusts by Georgia Trend Magazine, 2013
- AV® rating of 5.0, the Martindale-Hubbell Peer Review Rating
- Order of the Coif.
Professional Associations and Memberships
- State Bar of Georgia, (Member, Taxation Section, Fiduciary Law Section and Elder Law Section)
- American Bar Association, (Member, Taxation Section, Real Property, Trust & Estates Section)
- Dougherty Circuit Bar Association
- Albany Estate Planning Counsel
- Alabama Captive Insurance Association
Presentations and Publications
- Small Business Seminar, Albany, Georgia, Topic: The Affordable Care Act
- "Material Participation Under the Passive Activity Loss Provisions," University of Florida Law Review, 1987
Other Professional and Community Activities
- Past Member, Board of Trustees of the Community Foundation of South Georgia, Inc. (also served as Treasurer)
- Member, Board of Trustees of Deerfield Windsor School (also serves as Secretary of the Executive Committee)
- Honorary Member, Dougherty County Rotary Club (Paul Harris Fellow)
- Member, Saint Patrick's Episcopal Church (also served as Senior Warden and as a member of the Planned Giving Committee of other Episcopal churches)
Representative Cases
- I.R.S. Priv. Ltr. Rul. 2015-09-026 (Oct. 27, 2014).


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Here are the 2 (often left out) requirements to set a cookie using httpd's rewrite rule (mod_rewrite), while working on localhost:
- Use the IP 127.0.0.1 instead of localhost/machine-name as the domain; e.g. [CO=someCookie:someValue:127.0.0.1:2:/], which says create a cookie "someCookie" with value "someValue" for the domain "127.0.0.1" having a life time of 2 mins, for any path in the domain (path=/). (Obviously you will have to run the application with this value in the URL)
- To make a session cookie, limit the flag statement to just three attributes: name, value and domain. e.g [CO=someCookie:someValue:127.0.0.1] – Any further settings, apache writes an" expires" attribute for the set-cookie header, which makes the cookie a persistent one (not really persistent, as the expires value set is the current server time – so you don't even get to see your cookie!)


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Steven Archambault
During my 20-year career in the financial industry, I held senior and executive level leadership roles in Retail Banking operations and sales. Prior to my career in the financial services industry, I spent just less than five years in the Canadian Armed Forces which included peacekeeping services in Cyprus. It was during this service that I observed both the greatest and sometimes the worst humanity had to offer.
Whether through coaching, mentorship or leading, serving others is integral to everything that I do in my life. This led to the realization that it was not the corporate ladder or the growth in title that mattered; it was the people I loved. So a few years ago I started a personal journey to realize my dream of being in service to others. I began my Psychology degree and enrolled to become a certified hypnotherapist. Adding both of these to my practice allows me to walk with those that want a better way of thinking and living. Those that want to lead a beautiful life.
Why hypnosis? During discussion with one of my professors and her own successful use of hypnosis with clients I wanted that same option available for my clients. The fact is, that hypnosis is a genuine psychological phenomenon that has valid uses in clinical practice. Simply put, hypnosis is a state of highly focused attention or conncentration often associated with relaxation, and heightened suggestibility. While under hypnosis, it seems many people are much more open to helpful suggestions than they usually are.
My own personal journey has allowed me to come to accept and understand everything that I once found confusing. I have also journeyed through my own dark emotions of life and share that journey openly through my writings, speeches and discussions with clients. This journey allows me to go into those places with you without judgement and a open hand in support.
With Love, Respect, and Admiration


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There are many ways to know how engaged your organisation is.
One approach is gut feel, another is a simple, paper based survey, or online surveys using free tools such as Survey Monkey. There are also simple to use web-based tools providing anonymous, confidential, 2 way communication with reporting and feedback tools.
Engagement Multiplier provides the structure, framework and support any brave, caring, identifiable owner or leader can utilise to make a meaningful difference in their organisation.
The tool allows you to measure and continuously improve engagement with a suite of feature-rich employee surveys, customizable reporting, and secure communication tools.
It allows you to collect honest feedback through an anonymous survey. It provides 2 way secure communication for sharing ideas and reporting tools to provide the insights to support your journey as an engaged company.
It isn't the 'magic bullet' that will create an Engaged Organisation overnight, but it will help you get there.
For a free, 30 day trial with full functionality and your report to keep click here...
For more information and a link to your free trial, please click this link...
For a 2 minute introductory video click here..


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There was an article in this morning's newspaper about a potential raw milk scare in Pennsylvania. Please check out the Family Cow web site for the real story.
This is just another fine example of the media blowing a thing out of proportion and a wonderful farm family who gets caught in the crossfire.


text: up until the last few months, i hated working out. i did it because i felt like i had to or needed to to get the results i wanted. but lately, i've been feeling like an athlete. i workout consistently and i actually enjoy it. it's become part of my daily routine. but my favorite workout is always kickboxing. it makes me feel powerful on days that i am pissed off. it helps me expel my anger or frustrations. it forces me to think about everything my body is doing and become in tune with it. it improves my balance. it's an intense cardio workout that's done wonders for my conditioning. i don't even notice when i've done 45 minutes or an hour of it because it consumes me. with other workouts, i may check the clock to see how much more i have to do. not with kickboxing. it shoots off my endorphins like fireworks. it doesn't matter if i go into it feeling like crap or feeling great. i always come off of a kickboxing workout feeling amazing. like i can conquer anything.


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High Streak BlackJack
High Streak Blackjack
Whilst it is every Blackjack players dream to get themselves onto a winning streak when they are playing, this particular Blackjack game which is part of MicroGamings suite of games, will give you an additional bonus payout if you manage to do just that, and all it takes to get these payout is to place an additional side bet wager.
Play Free High Streak BlackJack And Practise The Game Here Online:
Dealer Rules – This MicroGaming software powered High Streak Blackjack game uses the European Blackjack Dealer game playing rules and as such the Dealer will Stand on all 17's and also it is a No Peek game.
Double Down Rules – The High Streak Blackjack game will permit players to Double Down on any Hard Nine, Ten or Eleven.
Splitting Rules – You cannot Split unlike Ten cards when playing the High Streak Blackjack game and you can only Split your hand just once which will make two hands being played, multiple cards can be dealt to any Split Aces should the dealt card to a Split Ace be a Ten then that hand is a 21 hand.
Surrender Rules – High Streak Blackjack does not offer the Surrender game play option, the MicroGaming variants which do are Atlantic City Blackjack, Big Five Blackjack, Spanish Blackjack and Super Fun 21.
Stakes, Decks, Payouts and House Edge – A winning hand other than a Blackjack hand pays even money, a winning Blackjack hand pays 3 to 2 and a winning insurance side bet wager pays 2 to 1.
You can place what is known as a High Streak side bet wager when playing this Blackjack variant, and you will start to receive a bonus payout on this bet only if you have had two consecutive winning games in a row. The payouts increase for every other winning game you have on the trot.
The sequence of payouts for the 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th winning game on the trot are even money, 2 to 1, 5 to 1 and 10 to 1 respectively.
High Streak Blackjack requires a minimum stake of 1.00, the most commonly found maximum wager at MicroGaming casinos is 200.00 per hand played, however this may vary from casino to casino. The house edge of MicroGamings High Streak Blackjack game is 0.42%. A total of two decks are in play in the shoe on all versions of this game.
Where to Play MicroGamings High Streak Blackjack
Gaming Club have plenty of different Blackjack games for you to get stuck into, one of the more respected MicroGaming software powered casino sites you will get plenty of value from your Blackjack playing budget thanks to both their regular player promotions and their generous comp club, which always rewards your real money Blackjack action at their tables with comp and Loyalty points.
High Streak Blackjack Playing Tip
Due to the nature of the bonus side bet which you can place on this High Streak Blackjack game the house edge available on this wager has to be taken into account should you play this side bet alongside your base game stake, and as such as the house edge on this side bet is 4.55% and this makes, sadly, this a bonus game you should not be playing, so our tip is not to place that side bet wager!
High Streak Blackjack Strategy Card and Screenshots
To enable you to master this game of High Streak Blackjack below we have made available our perfect Blackjack strategy card for this game, feel free to make a copy of it and utilize it when next playing this MicroGaming Blackjack variant.
High Streak Blackjack Strategy Card
Gold Series High Streak Single Hand Game
Similar Blackjack Games:
Hi Low 13 Blackjack Game
Triple 7's Blackjack Game
Perfect Pairs Blackjack Game


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Visit Our Showroom to See Wide Range of Catering & Food Equipment
The Geoff Duke & Co showroom — close to central Dublin but also easily accessible from the M50 — displays an extensive range of products.
You can check out the latest styles from leading designers and manufacturers, and test our cooking equipment, utensils, dishes, professional knives, and servingware.
You can see and touch what you may be considering, get new ideas, and discover items that you may not have known about.
You can also get advice or guidance from our staff, and discuss the various options.
Our showroom is in Greenmount Industrial Estate, just up from the Grand Canal at Harold's Cross, Dublin – open 9am to 5pm, Monday to Friday.
Tel. +3531 454 78 77


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Candy bar fundraising is a direct sale of specially packaged candy bars, usually in convenient $1 or $2 sizes. Candy bar fundraisers are an easy moneymaker and are a favorite of youth sports teams in baseball, football, soccer, basketball, cheerleading and more sports teams.
Many fundraising companies offer popular types of brand name candy bars including Hershey, Nestle, Mars, M&M's, and Worlds Finest Chocolate. These are packaged in sturdy carrying cases holding several dozen bars, so each seller can make immediate sales.
Because of intense competition with discounts exceeding 50%, it pays to shop suppliers. Some offer free freight deals while others offer additional incentives that encourage customers to buy or sellers to make more sales.
One example is including a valuable coupon on the back of each candy wrapper for discounts on pizza or sub sandwiches. Another example is offering prizes for top sellers or free offers for each seller. Both increase your candy fund raisers sales.
Sometimes it seems like you need a spreadsheet to keep track of all the various competing supplier deals, but if it helps, here's a link to our preferred candy bar supplier.
Sales Tips For Candy Bar Fundraising
The success of your candy fundraiser depends on each seller maximizing their sales. The best way to do that is to teach them a few sales tips.
Here's what they need to know:
1 – Smile and look each prospect in the eye while introducing yourself. Example: Hi, I'm Jimmy Jones…
2 – In one sentence, explain who you are and what you're doing. Example: "Hi, I'm Jimmy Jones and our baseball team is doing a candy fundraiser to pay for new uniforms."
3 – Ask for their help and use the word "because" in the same sentence. Example: "Can you help us out because our old uniforms are getting pretty worn out?"
Why use help and because?
Research has shown that people make decisions emotionally and then use logic to justify them. By asking for help, you position yourself emotionally as someone "in need" of their support.
The word "because" is a subconscious psychological trigger word. Research has shown that just using the word because without even a valid explanation attached to it will boost positive answers to a request by more than 50%.
When you use the word because with a truly valid reason for granting what you are requesting, research shows positive answers increase by more than 93%.
On famous experiment involved asking to cut in front of people waiting in line. Most would agree that people who have already waited fifteen minutes are predisposed to say no to line cutting requests and the baseline results reflect that with 78% answering no.
When someone asked if they could help them because they needed to cut in line, the no answers dropped below 40%. Since their supposed reason for cutting in line was that they needed to cut in line, you would think the results wouldn't have improved at all.
When researchers used valid excuses such as needing to cut in line because otherwise they would be late for a class or meeting, the no answers dropped below 20%, and in some cases, as low as 7%.
So, that's why you need to teach your candy bar sellers to ask for their help and to use the word because!
Candy bar sales are an easy fundraiser for youth sports teams. The two key areas for maximizing your results are picking the right supplier and teaching the kids how to sell.
Put some effort into each and you'll be surprised at how successful candy bar fundraising can be!


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Latest Developments in Calf and Heifer Research
Posted: August 5, 2008
An update from the 2008 ADSA meeting
The American Dairy Science Association held its annual meeting in Indianapolis, Ind., in July. Here's a look at some of the latest research into nutrition and management of dairy calves and heifers.
Colostrum Pasteurization
Penn State studies confirmed that colostrum can be pasteurized successfully and showed that heating colostrum at 140°F for 30 to 60 minutes was the optimum time and temperature combination to reduce bacteria counts without affecting colostrum IgG levels or viscosity. In a subsequent study, calves fed colostrum heated at 140°F for 30 minutes had significantly higher serum IgG levels at 24 hours compared to calves fed unheated colostrum (22.6 and 19.6 g/L, respectively). Total serum protein in the two groups of calves was similar at 24 hours and averaged 5.55 g/dL. The higher blood Ig levels remained for the first 4 weeks of age. Calf body weight was similar for the two treatments through 6 weeks of age.
Colostrum in these studies was not heated in a commercially available pasteurizer. However, a small batch pasteurizer with adjustable temperature controls is recommended because colostrum must be heated at a lower temperature than used for milk. Agitation of colostrum is another important pasteurizer feature that allows even heating. Rapid cooling of colostrum after pasteurization also will help prevent damage to proteins.
Milk Replacer Formulation
Researchers from Akey presented amino acid requirements for milk-fed calves less than 5 weeks of age. Data in this area is scarce in the scientific literature, especially for calves fed both milk and grain. In a series of four experiments, calves were fed milk replacer (all protein from whey) and calf starter (18% crude protein). Based on weight gain and feed efficiency, their results showed that a 26% protein, 17% fat milk replacer fed at 1.5 pounds per day needed to contain 2.34% lysine and 0.72% methionine. Feeding higher levels of protein or amino acids did not improve average daily gains or efficiency.
Record-high milk replacer prices in the last year have likely caused you to consider products with alternative protein ingredients; after all they often cost considerably less. Two studies presented the results of feeding milk replacer containing wheat protein. The first trial was conducted by Akey scientists and evaluated a 26% protein, 17% fat milk replacer with 0, 6, or 12% of the protein provided by hydrolyzed wheat gluten.
Calves started the experiment at 2 to 3 days of age and were weaned after 42 days. As the amount of wheat gluten in milk replacer increased, calf growth and starter intake declined. Average daily gain was 1.4 lb/d for the all-milk treatment and 1.1 lb/d in calves fed milk replacer with 12% of protein from wheat. Weight gains after weaning were not different for the three treatments. Another trial, reported by Vigortone researchers, compared calves fed milk replacer containing 22% protein and 18% fat with 50% of the protein provided by hydrolyzed wheat protein to calves fed 22% protein and 20% fat with all milk protein.
Calves started the trial at about 10 days of age and were fed for 35 days. In this experiment calves fed both milk replacers gained about 1.2 lb/d, and calves fed wheat gluten tended to eat more starter. The trend for improved grain intake may have been due to the lower fat content of the wheat protein milk replacer. The most likely reason for the different results in these two trials is the age of calves. In the first two weeks of life calves have a limited ability to digest non-milk proteins. The Akey trial included these first two weeks of life, while the Vigortone trial started near the end of that period. Taken in combination, these trials support current recommendations to avoid non-milk proteins for young calves but consider their use for older calves as a strategy to reduce milk replacer costs
Rice protein concentrate also was evaluated by Akey. The experiment was similar to the one described above for wheat protein, but rice protein contributed 0, 8 or 16% of the crude protein in milk replacer and calves were weaned after 28 days in this trial. Calves fed rice protein concentrate gained less weight and were less efficient than calves fed 100% whey protein; average daily gain was 0.86 lb/d for milk protein-fed calves and 0.39 lb/d for calves fed milk replacer with 16% of the protein from rice. Again, the age of the calves is likely part of the reason for this poor weight gain. These results do not support using rice protein in a 4-week weaning program
Performance of Pasteurizers on the Farm
A field study of calf milk pasteurizers on 6 Pennsylvania farms found total bacteria counts were reduced to less than 10% of the original level in about 80% of the samples tested. However, on two farms pasteurization failed to reduce bacteria counts in about half of the samples tested. This study reinforces the importance of carefully following pasteurization protocols and practicing good sanitation from collection through feeding.
Processing Grain for Calf Starter
University of Minnesota research showed that calves fed three different textured starters containing steam-flaked corn, pellet, and oats; whole corn and pellet; or roasted corn, pellet, and oats had similar weight gain before and after weaning. Although calves fed whole corn did eat less grain and gain less weight from day 29 to 42, there were no differences in weight gain over the complete 42-d milk feeding period. Calves were fed 1.25 lb/d of 20% protein, 20% fat milk replacer from 1 to 35 days of age, 0.63 lb/d from d 36 to 42, and weaned at 42 days. Calves gained about 1.5 lb/d over the 56 days studied. This confirms previous research that indicates that whole grains are digested efficiently by young calves and that processing grain is not needed pre-weaning
Grouping Strategies at Weaning Time
Grouping strategies for weaned calves were investigated by University of Minnesota researchers. Fourteen days after weaning (which occurred at 42 days) calves were grouped by one of three methods: moved from nursery barn to grower barn and into a group of 6 calves; remained in nursery barn and grouped with 6 calves; or remained in individual pens in nursery barn. Calves stayed in these treatment groups for 14 days. On day 15 all calves moved to the grower barn, and individually housed calves were placed in groups of 6. Calves received a 20% protein, textured starter for 7 days, followed by 17% protein whole corn and pellet mix for another week. After this feed transition, calves were fed the grain mix and free choice hay through 6 months of age.
Regardless of grouping strategy, calves gained 2 pounds per day in the first two weeks of the experiment. After the first two weeks, calves moved out of the nursery barn and into groups gained 0.09 pound per day more than calves grouped in the nursery barn and about the same amount as calves housed individually through 6 months of age. Individually housed calves were the most feed efficient during this same time period. These results demonstrate several alternatives for grouping calves after weaning and that many systems can work equally well, provided some basic principles are followed. It is important to notice that all three methods were designed for successful weaning transition with small groups of only 6 calves and gradual feed changes using high quality feeds and forages.
No Supplemental Phosphorus for Heifers
Wisconsin and Michigan researchers investigated the need for supplemental phosphorus in heifer diets. The NRC requirement for phosphorus is 0.20 to 0.35% of ration dry matter, and many feeds contain phosphorus at or above that level. In fact, because of the phosphorus present in ration ingredients, it was not possible to formulate a diet with less than 0.28% phosphorus for this experiment. In this study, 183 Holstein heifers and 182 crossbred heifers were fed diets with no added phosphorus (0.28%) or with supplemental phosphorus (0.38%) from 4 to 22 months of age. Researchers evaluated frame growth by measuring hip height and width, body length, heart girth, cannon bone circumference, and pelvic length, height and width. Bone metabolism was measured in 64 heifers at 12 months, and bone density was measured in 32 heifers at 21 months.
Heifers fed supplemental phosphorus had slightly more phosphorus and magnesium in their bones than unsupplemented heifers. However, the amount of phosphorus in the diet did not affect bone growth, density, or metabolism in this long-term trial. Researchers concluded that supplemental phosphorus was not needed in this situation. The application of this research is fairly obvious; if ration ingredients meet heifers' requirements, supplemental phosphorus can be eliminated. This can reduce feed costs and phosphorus excretion, which may be particularly helpful for farms under phosphorus-based nutrient management regulations.
Vaccine for Staph. aureus Mastitis in Heifers
Research conducted in Virginia evaluated the effectiveness of vaccination with a commercial Staphylococcus aureus bacterin (Lysigin, manufactured by Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica Inc.). Heifers were initially vaccinated between 6 and 18 months of age, followed by boosters 14 days later and at 6-month intervals until calving (if started at 6 months, each animal would receive 5 doses).
At calving 13.3% of vaccinated heifers had Staph. aureus mastitis, compared to 34.0% of control heifers. Vaccinated heifers also had fewer infections caused by coagulase negative staphylococci (64.2% of vaccinated versus 69.8% of control heifers), although the reduction was not as great as anticipated. Somatic cell counts (SCC) during the first week of lactation in both infected and healthy heifers were reduced by half due to vaccination. For heifers with Staph. aureus infections, vaccinated heifers had SCC of 441,764 compared to 892,176 cells/mL for controls. In healthy heifers, vaccinated animals had SCC of 66,095 versus 132,754 cells/mL in controls. Vaccinated heifers also produced 2,000 pounds more milk and were less likely to be culled in their first lactation than untreated heifers.
Coleen Jones, Research Associate
Jud Heinrichs, Professor of Dairy and Animal Science
Department of Dairy and Animal Science


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Getting Together and Breaking Apart: The Decline of Centralised Collective Bargaining
This paper studies the stability of centralized wage-setting systems in light of the on-going decentralization of labor relations in much of the Western world. It takes the decline of peak level bargaining in Sweden, the traditional archetype of centralized collective bargaining, as its key case for study, but is intended to speak to other cases as well. Like many earlier analysts, we argue that centralization offers potential economic gains by internalizing the costs of inefficient wage inflation. With this potential benefit, however, comes a cost: centralized decisions are not sufficiently responsive to local conditions. To avoid excessive inflexibility, the center can allow for "wage drift" at the local level (i.e., local wage settlements above the central agreement), but once the center allows wage drift, it becomes difficult to distinguish between justifiable drift due to local economic conditions and unjustifiable drift in the self-interest of local bargaining pairs. Thus, centralized wage-setting systems face a tradeoff: allowing less drift makes it easier to monitor local bargaining pairs but harder to achieve the appropriate responsiveness to local conditions. We develop a game-theoretic model of this tradeoff, and consider how the center's optimal policy moves towards decentralization (i.e., towards allowing more drift) as the cost of inflexibility rises. We then interpret the evolution of centralized bargaining in Sweden in light of the model. We argue that centralized bargaining flourished when the private-sector blue-collar workers (represented by LO) dominated the workforce, but began to wane as public-sector and white-collar unions grew in strength, as skill differentials in decentralized labor markets grew in size, and as product-market competition intensified (especially through the shortening of product lifecycles).
Published Versions
Differences and Changes in Wage Structures, ed. L. Katz and R. Freeman, University of Chicago Press, 1995.
Getting Together and Breaking Apart: The Decline of Centralized Collective Bargaining , Richard B. Freeman, Robert S. Gibbons. in Differences and Changes in Wage Structures, Freeman and Katz. 1995


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"India is welcome to play an economic role in the reconstruction of Syria, something we have already started."We started this project in Damascus, and now we are expanding that project in most of the cities in Syria, of course after the liberation from ISIS and al-Nusra and those terrorist groups.
Of course, we welcome any Indian company," he told in an interview. On the fight against terror, Assad said India and Syria could learn from each other and work towards building a "genuine coalition" against terrorism, according to a press release issued by the TV channel.
Assad described India's stand on the Syrian war as one based on international law and the UN Charter, and independent of those countries that sought to pressure New Delhi to end all ties with Syria. He said India would be among the first countries he plans to visit after the war is over. Assad said the worst of his country's war has passed, after a series of losses for the Islamic State militant group (ISIS) and other jihadist organizations.
During the interview Assad said the situation in Syria is "much better than before." Pointing to assistance from its Russian and Iranian allies, he said the Syrian military was able to reassert control over major cities formerly held by ISIS, Al-Qaeda and other insurgent groups. The Syrian leader blamed the West, Turkey and Gulf Arab states for supporting rebels that emerged from widespread unrest in 2011, and said that, without foreign backing, his forces and their allies would be victorious in a matter of months.
"Things now are moving in the right direction which is a better direction, because we are defeating the terrorists," Assad said. "Unless the West and other countries and their allies, their puppets, supported those extremists in a very, how to say, massive way, I'm sure the worst is behind us." The Syrian army has begun a massive offensive to retake the large swathes of eastern territory held by ISIS and is expected to face fierce resistance as the jihadists attempt to defend what's left of their self-proclaimed caliphate in Syria and Iraq. The operation is also designed to relieve the city of Deir Al-Zour, which has been under ISIS siege 2014.


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About Porter & Plot
Porter & Plot creates wines of exceptional quality from lesser known varietals and unique appellations with a distinctive story. With a focus on the details, winemakers create limited-production artisan wines to bring drinkers first time access to micro-production bottles with the same ease of availability you would experience from a macro-producer. Through simple, balanced and approachable wines, their goal is to make it easy to explore the undiscovered world of wine and enjoy the journey.
Guests at Petit Ermitage in West Hollywood were treated to a journey through the different regions of the Porter & Plot Wine – each guest received a "flight ticket" to get them through the below stations. Each station embodied a different aspect of the wine experience and delivered a full experience with the accompaniment food pairings.
Aroma Adventure:
2013 Columbia Valley Pinot Gris
Jars of pineapple, sage, rosemary, apples, pears, green grass, honey, vanilla extract and green peppers were some of the scents that were experienced at this station. Food that was paired with this wine was the 'Roasted Red Pepper with Balsamic and Basil' and 'Burata with Cumquat, Celery and Walnut Pesto'
Texture Trek:
2012 Edna Valley Single Vineyard Pinot Noir
Guests went through a variation of textures that translate to different wines – the textures consisted of wool, silk , satin, felt, sandpaper and burlap. Food paired at this station was the '5 Spice braised pork belly with quince-grazed turnips' and 'roasted pumpkin skewers with lemon & mint'
Locavore Voyage:
2013 Costieres de Nimes
Guests were treated to local produce and cheese that complimented this wine. Food paired at this station was 'Pomegranate glazed lamb loin' and 'Crab salad on endive with apple saffron vinaigrette'
Brian Smith Sommelier /Wine Maker
Pallavi Patil Brand Manager, Brian Smith Sommelier /Wine Maker, Sydney Munteau Marketing


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The American Lacrosse League (A.L.L.) team consists mainly of post collegiate players competing in one of the toughest divisions in the A.L.L. – the Philadelphia Division. With each new season, Lehigh Valley Steam Lacrosse continues to add talent and depth to this team, as players return to the Valley with DI, DII, or DIII playing experience. The main focus of this team was to give former Lehigh Valley lacrosse standouts a place to continue to play competitive lacrosse at the conclusion of their collegiate careers. Collegiate experience is not mandatory to play on the A.L.L. team, some players after the completion of the high school careers play on the A.L.L. while attending local colleges. However if you are rostered on any NCAA or MCLA team you are not eligible to play on any A.L.L. team. If you are currently rostered on a NCAA or MCLA team and looking to play on a summer team please check out our "Elite" team tab.
Please contact Lucas VanEmburg at email@example.com if you are interested and eligible to play for the Steam A.L.L. team.


text: Richard Vance "Richie" McDonald (born February 6, 1962 in Lubbock, Texas) is an American country music artist. From 1992 until his departure in 2007, he was the lead singer of the group Lonestar, which recorded seven studio albums on BNA Records during his tenure as lead vocalist. McDonald co-wrote several of the band's singles, and sang lead… Read More


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With the establishment of the first incubation centre to currently managing the largest one, NUST remains a pioneer in theentrepreneurial eco system of Pakistan. We started small but have come a long way in terms of instilling a commercial culture in academia. The centre has graduated 49 startups and they are on the way to success. The startups associated with TechOne have a much higher rate of success in business and we estimate that our incubated firms have altogether created 850 employment opportunities.
The incubation opportunities at TechOne are not limited to NUST alumni only. Since we believe in the power of great teams and innovative minds, thus we seek to nurture talent from all over Pakistan that can contribute towards a "knowledge based" economy. This meritorious approach has brought us many honours; for instance our startups have moved onto some of the world's best accelerators such as Y-Combinator and HeavyBit. Similarly, some have been acquired by international firms for talent and technology; while altogether they have raised more that $3.5 mn in funding.
AT TechOne, we are committed towards our vision of creating an entrepreneurial ecosystem in Pakistan towards a knowledge economy. I invite all the aspiring tech entrepreneurs to connect with us and make this vision a reality.
Incubation Centre


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Sanford woman part of 'Unselfish' book
Sanford resident Kaitlyn Mercy is featured in the new book "Unselfish - Love Thy Neighbor As Thy Selfie," which celebrates acts of kindness and extraordinary sacrifices of regular people and celebrities.
Mercy's story tells how she was the victim of human trafficking and how she struggled with the psychological effects of the crime against her for years. She decided to use her experience to help others, and she and a friend began Project H.O.P.E., which brings awareness and encouragement to victims of abuse. Her story is featured on page 101 of "Unselfish."
The coffee table book contains 99 stories and color photos. Others stories include high school football players helping a special needs girl fit in, a police officer feeding a hitchhiker and her dog, and a Hollywood producer leaving behind a 6-figure job to help children in Cambodia.
The book was released May 5, and is available on Amazon, as well as many other bookstores online and across the country. For information, visit www.unselfishstories.com or www.facebook.com/unselfishstories.


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Willie Nelson & Family In Fayetteville on Nov. 26
Willie Nelson & Family are coming to the Walton Arts Center in Fayetteville at 7 p.m. on Tuesday, Nov. 26. Tickets go on sale Friday, Aug. 16 at 9 a.m. and range from $49-$79.
I have loved the distinctive voice of Willie Nelson for as long as I can remember. His beautiful storytelling set to music is embedded in my heart and brain with songs such as "Crazy," "Always On My Mind," "My Heroes Have Always Been Cowboys," "Blue Eyes Crying in the Rain," and "On The Road Again."
Nelson is an iconic singer-songwriter that has had an unparalleled six-decade-long career. He rose to prominence at the end of the 1960s and spearheaded the "outlaw country" subgenre, which challenged the conservatism of Nashville. During his extensive career, Nelson has written more than 2,500 songs and has released nearly 300 albums. He has won multiple awards, including countless Grammy Awards®, American Music Awards® and Country Music Awards®. Nelson is recognized worldwide as a true American troubadour and icon who continues to transcend musical genres and remains relevant through his music, acting and social activism.
For tickets, call the box office at 479.443.5600 or visit www.waltonartscenter.org. For more information about Willie Nelson, visit www.willienelson.com.


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YourNextFilm : 你的下一部电影网超过 0 人阅读
你的下一部电影网: YourNextFilm:最佳电影搜索引擎是一个帮助用户寻找最喜欢的电影的搜索引擎网站,可以针对电影的关键字、流派、风格、演员等分类进行筛选式搜索。
Films and TV shows can inspire, engross and delight us. However, finding your next favourite film and show can be difficult using keywords, genres or actors. There is a certain chemistry to each film/show which is not quantifiable, definable or classifiable. Taste is complicated to define. The way films are currently classified by title, actors/actresses, genre etc. does not always help you find your next film. At YourNextFilm we believe the YourNextFilm community summarise the connections between films and TV shows uniquely. Real people's recommendations allows other YourNextFilm users to discover new films and shows.
The team behind YourNextFilm started our sister website YourNextRead due to the frustration and time taken to find their next read. As we perfected YourNextRead our film loving friends begged us to make YourNextFilm. So we did. As with finding your next read there are plentiful online reviews and film specific social networks which provide some guidance. However, actually understanding and interpreting will this film be right for me is still difficult and largely guess work. Therefore we have developed a simple way of discovering YourNextFilm with our map of films.
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text: Maybe it doesn't sound so good starting your day with a garlic & lemon drink but by the end of this detox diet you'll immediately feel the beneficial effects that garlic has on the body. Try it! Both foods have beneficial effects: lemon stimulates digestion, kills bacteria and the antioxidant content has a therapeutic effect. Not to mention the garlic, …Read More »


text: What it the trick to get a new axle into the wheel hub? The bearings and hub went in easy peasg. I replaced the differential seals and now trying to put in the new axle. For the life of me I can't get it in the hub. I can get to the point where the splines are lined up just enough for the wheel to spin but no further. I'm afraid I'm going to damage the CV joints if I force it too much. As a point of reference, I was able to put the old axle in and out as a test. I counted the splines on both the old and the new to ensure they didn't mis-package it. Please tell me I don't need a new hub as that would result in buying another set of bearings and is more money I wasn't planning on spending.


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Below are some pages on local information. If there is something you think should be added here, then please add a comment at the bottom of the page.
Important Information
Useful information about important local services and emergency services.
Parish Newsletters
Every couple of months a Parish Newsletter is distributed throughout the village. You can also view the latest one here and also less recent ones.
Ely Standard and Ely City Guide – online
Free registration gets you online access to the Ely Standard weekly paper and the Ely City Guide as well as the Jobs paper and guide to local businesses. Click the link above for more information and to register.
Little Thetford Residents' Survey
This report presents the findings of the residents survey conducted to inform the development of Little Thetford's Parish Plan.
The questionnaire was developed by the Parish Plan steering group who also delivered and collected the questionnaires.
Parish Council
Member details as well as dates for the current year's Parish Council meetings.
The John Townsend Charity (PDF download)
The John Townsend Charity
Setup in 1871 for the benefit of the Little Thetford Parish. Offers financial assistance to those who are sick or on low income.
St George's Church
Details including the history, current team, dates and times of services, and some common names from Church records.
1st Little Thetford Girls Brigade
1st Little Thetford Girls Brigade
Village Hall information
Including maps and contact names and telephone numbers.
Little Thetford Pre-School & Children's Club
Details on the Little Thetford Acorns Pre-school and Children's Club.
Parish Conservation Volunteers
Details on the Conservation Area at the north eastern end of the village playing field. Established in 2006.
Little Thetford Women's Institute
Meeting information
Geology of the village
Overlaid images showing the parish and the local geology


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Results 1 to 4 of 4
- 10-15-2011, 08:05 PM #1Member
- Join Date
- Apr 2011
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NullPointerException when accessing array
I am trying to add a word object to an array. Currently I am doing this by creating an array then finding if there is an empty (null) space in it, then selecting that part of the array and assigning the word object to it.
here is the code:
Execute.java the main execution class
Java Code:
public class Execute { /** * @param args */ public static void main(String[] args) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub String sentence [] = {"The","cat","ran"}; WordManager test = new WordManager (3); for (int i = 0; i< sentence.length; i++){ Word word = new Word(sentence[i],test); } for (int i = 0; i < test.getWords().length; i++){ System.out.println(test.getWords()[i]); } } }
Java Code:
import java.awt.Color; import javax.swing.JLabel; public class Word { private JLabel wordLabel; private Color defaultColor = Color.BLACK; private String Name; public Word (String text, WordManager manager) { Name = text; wordLabel = new JLabel(text); wordLabel.setForeground(defaultColor); manager.addWord(this); } public Word ChangeColor (Word word, Color color){ word.getLabel().setForeground(color); return word; } public JLabel getLabel (){ return wordLabel; } public String getName(){ return Name; } }
Java Code:
import javax.swing.JLabel; import javax.swing.JOptionPane; public class WordManager { private Word Words []; public WordManager (int arrayLength){ Word Words[] = new Word [arrayLength]; } public void addWord (Word wordAdd){ //Check if array is already full //Initialize counter to count number of words in array int counter = 0; //Count number of words or if empty space in array break loop for (int i = 0; i < Words.length; i++){ if (Words[i] == null){ break; } counter++; } // If the number of words in array are the same as the array length report error then exit if (counter == Words.length){ JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "Can not add any new words. Array is full!"); System.exit(0); } // Find empty space in array and add word for (int i = 0; i < Words.length; i++){ if(Words[i] == null){ Words[i] = wordAdd; } } } public Word [] getWords(){ return Words; } }
Java Code:
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NullPointerException at AlgorithmAnalyzer.WordManager.addWord(WordManager.java:24) at AlgorithmAnalyzer.Word.<init>(Word.java:19) at AlgorithmAnalyzer.Execute.main(Execute.java:17)
I would prefer to use arrays rather than arrayLists if at all possible. I dont know if it is possible though so tell me if using an arrayList is a must.
Thanks in advance! :)
Re: NullPointerException when accessing array
A rule of thumb to try to follow: when you have a NullPointerException, always carefully check the line that throws the exception. Usually knowledge of which line causes the exception will clue you in on which variable is null, and then it's often just a matter of tracking back through your code to see why, as is the case here. The line causing the exception is marked below with the comment // *** NPE ***:
Java Code:
class WordManager { private Word Words[]; // *** A *** public WordManager(int arrayLength) { Word Words[] = new Word[arrayLength]; // *** B *** } public void addWord(Word wordAdd) { int counter = 0; for (int i = 0; i < Words.length; i++) { // *** NPE *** if (Words[i] == null) { break; }
- 10-15-2011, 10:17 PM #3Member
- Join Date
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Re: NullPointerException when accessing array
Now that I look at this from that point of view I feel stupid. Ill try to review my code more carefully next time.
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Gaza crisis: The legal position of Israel and Hamas
By Guglielmo Verdirame
Department of War Studies, King's College London
- Published
International law regulates the use of military force by states and the conduct of hostilities.
As in virtually every modern conflict, there is intense debate on the legality of the actions of the two sides involved here - Israel and Hamas.
Israel argues that its Operation Pillar of Defence is justified under the right of self-defence. This position has in principle been supported by various countries, including the US and EU member states.
Enshrined in Article 51 of the UN Charter, the right of self-defence is accepted as a fundamental principle of international law. While aspects of this principle are disputed, it is universally agreed that a state can defend itself against an armed attack.
There is some debate as to the intensity that an armed attack should reach before a state can lawfully resort to self-defence. Most international lawyers would agree that rockets launched against civilians that disrupt the social life of part of a country constitute an armed attack for the purposes of Article 51.
A case for self-defence is sometimes contested on factual grounds, for example with the argument that it was the other side that attacked first. In this case, critics of the Israeli position also advance two legal arguments.
First, they argue that the right of self-defence should be invoked only against another state, but not against a non-state entity like Gaza. State practice, especially since the attacks of 11 September 2001, militates against this interpretation of self-defence.
Secondly, some commentators maintain that Gaza is still subject to Israeli occupation because of the ongoing blockade, and that Israel cannot rely on self-defence in an occupied territory. Israel argues against this, pointing to its withdrawal from Gaza in 2005.
In a legal sense, "blockade" and "occupation" are concepts that have been understood in international law as distinct for some time. The conflation of the two is novel, and it runs into logical difficulties when its proponents characterise a ground operation as an "invasion".
The right of self-defence is no blank cheque. International law allows states to defend themselves only with force that is necessary and proportionate.
A common misperception is that proportionality in self-defence means an eye for an eye, a rocket for a rocket, or a casualty for a casualty. This is not so: there is no place in international law for using force in revenge.
In some cases, a necessary and proportionate response will entail the use of greater military force than was involved in the original attack; in other cases, it will be possible for a country to defend itself effectively with less force.
The principle of self-defence belongs to the body of international law that regulates resort to force or "going to war" (often referred to by the Latin term jus ad bellum, that is "law to war").
The other relevant body of international law regulates the conduct of hostilities once the conflict has started. It is known as the law of armed conflict (or the jus in bello that is "law in war").
International law maintains a strict separation between these two bodies of law.
Starting a war off on the right side of the law does not give a state more rights in the conduct of hostilities than its enemies. It is possible for a state that resorted to force lawfully to commit unlawful acts in the course of an armed conflict - and vice versa.
The law of armed conflict also limits the amount of force that states can lawfully use.
A key principle is that of humanity: belligerents should always avoid unnecessary suffering.
The principle of humanity must however be balanced against the principle of military necessity.
The legal manual used by the British armed forces says that military necessity allows a state to use force, unless otherwise prohibited, which is "required in order to achieve the legitimate purpose of the conflict, namely the complete or partial submission of the enemy at the earliest possible moment and with the minimum expenditure of life and resources".
The argument that the Israeli bombardments are ineffective because they have so far failed to completely stop rocket attacks can cut both ways.
Strategically, it may identify a fundamental weakness in the Israeli response and suggest the pursuit of non-forcible alternatives. But, from a military necessity angle, it may justify an escalation in the force that Israel uses so as to achieve the objective of averting the attacks.
Of course, the fact that the law authorises a certain action does not make it wise in a political or strategic sense.
A cornerstone in the law of armed conflict is the principle of distinction: parties to a conflict must distinguish between combatants and civilians at all times.
Various specific rules flesh out the content of this principle. Attacks on civilians and civilian objects are always banned. Attacks may be conducted against combatants or non-combatants who directly participate in hostilities, and against military objectives.
The principle of distinction also prohibits acts or threats of violence aimed at spreading terror among civilians, as well as attacks carried out with means which by their nature cannot target a specific military objective. The launching of missiles against southern Israel is said to breach distinction.
But when does an object become a legitimate military target?
International law defines military objectives as "objects which... make an effective contribution to military action... and whose total or partial destruction... offers a definite military advantage".
Rocket launchers and ammunition depots are in this category. Problems arise with so-called dual-use targets, such as the Serbian TV station bombed by Nato during the 1999 Kosovo War and the media building targeted by Israel in the course of Operation Pillar of Defence.
What about a building which contains a military objective, such as a rocket launcher, but which also houses civilians?
This example illustrates the importance of another pillar of the law of armed conflict: the principle of proportionality. Whenever there is a risk of loss of civilian life or damage to civilian property, belligerents are required to balance the anticipated military advantage with the risks posed to civilians and their property.
In some cases this may mean - as the former president of the International Court of Justice, Judge Rosalyn Higgins, wrote in one of her judgements - that "even a legitimate target may not be attacked if the collateral civilian casualties would be disproportionate to the specific military gain from the attack".
An attacker is also under a duty to call off an attack immediately if, in the course of it, it realizes that civilians would face excessive risk.
An attacker targeting military objectives in a densely populated area like Gaza must do everything feasible to verify the nature of the targets and avoid errors.
The practice of dropping leaflets or calling residents before a bombing is presented by Israel as evidence of its efforts to comply with these rules, although critics reply that these methods are not always effective and do not in any event prevent the destruction of civilian property.
A frequent accusation levelled against Hamas is that it deliberately endangers its own civilians by placing military objectives in their midst.
This is certainly a serious breach of the laws of armed conflict, but it does not mitigate Israel's obligation to continue to take all necessary precautions to minimise loss of civilian life.
All modern armed forces, including the Israel Defense Forces, have specialists on the law of armed conflict who are involved in the approval of targets.
Ultimately, the legality of a particular targeting decision will often depend on who is right about what happened. Was there a genuine military objective? Was it possible in the circumstances to hit that target while avoiding any loss of civilian life? What did the attacker know or should have known?
Establishing these facts during an armed conflict, or in its aftermath, is no easy feat.
However, when the attacker deliberately targets civilian objects, there is no version of the facts capable of justifying his actions under the laws of armed conflict.
The legal regulation of war is a sombre affair. This is an area of the law where starry-eyed idealism may be counterproductive.
It is better to remind ourselves that during an armed conflict, the law can at best reduce suffering but never eliminate it; and that wars, even those fought with a scrupulous observance of all the rules in the book, are always a scourge.
Guglielmo Verdirame is professor of International Law at the Department of War Studies and Dickson Poon School of Law, King's College London.


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Apr 18, 2018
A short episode to encourage you in the care of your inner
sanctuary, the sacred space where only God sees.
A podcast for the spiritually curious to explore our human and spiritual identity through the integration of art and faith. Discover how we are innately designed to be creative and to find deeper meaning in life through artistic expression.
Guests include musicians, dancers, painters, poets, writers, theologians, speakers, and teachers.
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Many nose and throat illnesses are common in children and require clinical care by a physician or other health care professional. Listed in the directory below are some of these conditions, for which we have provided a brief overview.
Allergic Rhinitis
Deviated Septum
Endoscopic Sinus Surgery
Foreign Bodies in the Ear, Nose, and Airway
Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Pharyngitis and Tonsillitis
Congenital Laryngeal Stridor / Laryngomalacia
Tonsillectomy and Adenoidectomy
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The Prime Minister's Office has had to rewrite most of its talking points on the Senate scandal, usually after facts surface that challenge the spin.
Monday was no exception, after the PMO revealed that emails from Benjamin Perrin, a former PMO lawyer, had been found. They've now been turned over to the RCMP as part of its ongoing investigation into bribery, fraud and breach of trust.
Incredibly, the bureaucratic wing of the PMO thought the emails, requested by the RCMP as part of a probe into a deal between Nigel Wright and Senator Mike Duffy, had been deleted when Perrin left Stephen Harper's office back in March.
Watch the Conservative government's evolving talking points on the meaning of Treasury Board guidelines.


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Sony Korea recently announced the launch of its latest 22-inch model VGC-LT28L PC. Belonging to the Bio LT Series, this model steals your heart away. It has silver 22" WSXGA+ 1680×1050 screen adoring the décor of your room. Sony VGC-LT28L PC equips 1.3 MP Camera, Intel core 2 five CPU (T8100), 3GB memory, 7200RPM 320GB hard disc drive and microphone. It supports LAN 802.11N. It is expected to be available at a price of 2,199,000 won.
Via: Aving