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Ornate Vintage Crystal Bib
general shipping details
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i'm christy, the founder of modern+chic. founded in 2012, modern+chic is your first stop for affordable and trendy women's fashion. everything is sourced with you in mind, to make you feel confident, without sacrificing comfort.
we're proudly located in sandy, utah 🇺🇸
when we first started, my basement was full from floor to ceiling with new products, packing labels, boxes and our family + neighbors all coming together to help us keep up with demand.
now we've grown to our own warehouse and we're proud to be able to employ an amazing team of gals - all of whom are dedicated to making your experience with modern+chic wonderful.
all of our products are handled by our own team and shipped here from utah.
we offer free shipping on all orders over $75 (because i love it when i don't have to pay for shipping when i shop).
THANK YOU for supporting small businesses like mine.


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Drama List
Starting with: Y
Yae no SakuraJapanese Drama"Yae no Sakura" will tell the story of Niijima Yae, also known as Yamamoto Yaeko, who was born into the Aizu Domain during the late Edo period. Skilled in gunnery,… [More]Status: Completed Released: 2013 Rating: 9.82/10 (328 Votes)
Yagyu Jubei - The Fate of the World (Movie)Japanese MovieThe fate of Tokugawa's world hangs in the balance as Yagyu Jubei is sent on a mission to discover what happened to 10 of the shogun's spies that never returned.… [More]Status: Completed Released: 2015 Rating: 9/10 (1 Votes)
Yako no KaidanJapanese DramaSayama Michio is a young and callous beautician who will stop at nothing to fulfill his ambition(s). Coming from an impoverished background, he suddenly becomes the darling of the beauty… [More]Status: Completed Released: 2009 Rating: 9.09/10 (22 Votes)
Yakou KanranshaJapanese DramaThe drama is based on the best selling same-titled novel by Minato Kanae, and is about two families that reside in the same upscale neighborhood. Amongst all the beautiful homes… [More]Status: Completed Released: 2013 Rating: 9.71/10 (120 Votes)
Yakusha DamashiiJapanese DramaLife is often likened to a stage of a play. And you are the star of your life. Everyone should have a story or two to tell. But some people… [More]Status: Completed Released: 2006 Rating: 9.79/10 (19 Votes)
Yakuza Apocalypse: The Great War Of The Underworld (Movie)Japanese MovieAkira (Hayato Ichihara) admires Genyo Kamiura who is the most powerful yakuza. Genyo Kamiura has been targeted numerous times, but has never died. He is called the invincible person. Because… [More]Status: Completed Released: 2015 Rating: 7.7/10 (10 Votes)
Yama Onna Kabe OnnaJapanese DramaMegumi is a top sales person at the handbag section of a department store. Many people admire, and sometimes even envy, Megumi for her beauty and outstanding skills to sell… [More]Status: Completed Released: 2007 Rating: 9.42/10 (92 Votes)
Yamada Taro MonogatariJapanese DramaYamada Taro, a freshman on a scholarship at Ichinomiya Private Senior High School, is high-achieving, strikingly handsome, and truly athletic and seems perfect. But he is actually extremely poor. The… [More]Status: Completed Released: 2007 Rating: 9.66/10 (224 Votes)
Yamada-kun to Nananin no MajoJapanese DramaShiraishi Urara is the top student in her school. One day, due to an accidental kiss, Urara finds herself in the body of the school delinquent, Yamada Ryu! In trying… [More]Status: Completed Released: 2013 Rating: 9.59/10 (544 Votes)
Yamato (Movie)Japanese MovieJapan's newfound love for nationalistic military thrillers continues on apace with this moving true story of the crew of doomed warship, the Yamato. On April 6, 1945, the largest battleship… [More]Status: Completed Released: 2005 Rating: 8.59/10 (27 Votes)
Yamato NadeshikoJapanese DramaMatsushima Nanako grew up in a very poor family and is thus determined to marry a rich man so that she will never have to go through poverty ever again,… [More]Status: Completed Released: 2000 Rating: 9.2/10 (30 Votes)
Yamato Nadeshiko Shichi HengeJapanese DramaTakano Kyohei is a handsome but bad-tempered university student who is always ready for a fight; Toyama Yujinojo possesses a cuteness that can be mistaken for a girl; the cool-headed… [More]Status: Completed Released: 2010 Rating: 9.59/10 (585 Votes)
Yaneura no KoibitoJapanese DramaSaijo Kinoka (Ishida Hikari), her husband Makoto (Katsumura Masanobu) and their two children move in to their new mansion in Kamakura, after her father-in-law passes away. Makoto's stepmother Chizuko (Takahata… [More]Status: Ongoing Released: 2017 Rating: 10/10 (2 Votes)
Yankee Bokou ni KaeruJapanese DramaIn 1988 Hokkaido's Hokusei Yoichi High School became the first high school in Japan to accept students who had previously dropped out of high school from nationwide. Hokkaido Broadcasting (HBC)… [More]Status: Completed Released: 2003 Rating: 9.44/10 (25 Votes)
Yankee-kun to Megane-chanJapanese Drama"Yankee-kun to Megane-chan" covers the relationship between high school delinquent Daichi Shinagawa (Hiroki Narimiya) and bespectacled class representative Hana Adachi (Riisa Naka). Although they may appear to be polar opposites,… [More]Status: Completed Released: 2010 Rating: 9.47/10 (202 Votes)
Yasashii JikanJapanese DramaThis is the story about one small coffee shop located in the northern island of Hokkaido. Yukichi Wakui used to work as a successful businessman at a prestigious trading firm.… [More]Status: Completed Released: 2005 Rating: 9.88/10 (43 Votes)
Yasuko to KenjiJapanese DramaTOKIO's Masahiro Matsuoka will star in a new NTV drama series called "Yasuko to Kenji." It is based on a comical manga by artist Aruko that was serialized in Bessatsu… [More]Status: Completed Released: 2008 Rating: 9.37/10 (43 Votes)
Yeah, That's How It IsKorean DramaA story of a big family. [More]Status: Completed Released: 2016 Rating: 8.76/10 (38 Votes)
Yell For The Blue Sky (Movie)Japanese MovieTsubasa Ono (Tao Tsuchiya) is in the first grade of Shirato High School in Sapporo, Japan. The high school is famous for its baseball team and brass band. While Tsubasa… [More]Status: Completed Released: 2016 Rating: 9.18/10 (11 Votes)
Yellow BootsKorean Drama"Yellow Boots" is a drama about the revenge of a woman who lost everything after being framed for a crime [More]Status: Completed Released: 2012 Rating: 9.42/10 (224 Votes)
Yellow Earth (Movie)Chinese MovieGu Qing, a soldier from the propaganda department of the CCP Eight Route Army in CCP-controlled Shaanxi, travels alone from Yan'an to the northern KMT-controlled area of Shaanxi, Shanbei, with… [More]Status: Completed Released: 1984 Rating: 8.75/10 (4 Votes)

subset: commoncrawl


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Vintage Class - WestRegular price $25.00 Save Liquid error (product-template line 137): -Infinity%
• 100% combed ring-spun cotton
• Fabric weight: 4.3 oz (146 g/m2)
• Pre-shrunk
We know our products aren't the cheapest out there, so we wanted to share our pricing philosophy with you.
Great Products. We do all we can to offer you the best products possible and we stand behind them. In most cases we've developed or formulated products ourselves through research, learning, testing and improving, and we don't sell anything we don't use ourselves regularly.
If you're ever not happy with your purchase we'll do everything we can to make sure you are a raving fan.
Great Brand. Since day one we have been about the content and the community.
When you make a purchase from The Longhairs, you're buying more than just a product: you're buying into what it means to have long hair: the idea, the lifestyle, the fresh content we publish every week...you're supporting the movement.
Great Purpose. Since day one The Longhairs has advocated for a greater purpose than just selling hair ties. In addition to advocating for hair equality and standing up for the little guys, we donate $1 for every order to Children With Hair Loss.
That means every time you purchase a product from The Longhairs you are helping provide a quality hair replacement for a child who can't grow their own hair.
We hope this helps you better understand how we price our products and feel great about purchasing from The Longhairs. We welcome any questions you may have.
As just two bros who set out to make an idea real, we've learned it's really damn hard to run a business, which makes earning you as our customer the most important thing we can do.
With Gratitude,
El Moreno & El Rubio
However, we understand the cost of shipping can be prohibitive. That's why we're offering a deal to help mitigate the shipping cost to you.
For a trial period we are offering a sticker pack available for purchase. When you purchase a Sticker 6-Pack you automatically qualify for free shipping (please see limitations below).
We realize you're still paying for an additional product, but at least you're getting more for your money—and you won't have to pay for shipping out of pocket.
If you don't think this is a good deal, or if you don't like stickers (who doesn't like stickers?), or if you'd rather pay for shipping...that's fine. Simply don't add the sticker pack and have it your way.
By mitigating the cost of shipping we hope you'll feel even better about purchasing from The Longhairs. We welcome any questions or suggestions you may have.
With Gratitude,
The Longhairs Shipping Department
*At the moment this offer is not valid for international customers. You guys are important to us and we're still working on a better shipping solution for you.
**Free shipping offer does not apply to subscription orders, reason being we're already offering a steep discount and can't afford to also pay for shipping.


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I am very happy to announce that TDL has a new and better home. Go to the new link here at http://www.flightglobal.com/blogs/the-dewline/.
FlightGlobal is the web site of my employer, who is generous (and brave) enough to support my musings, ramblings and bloggings on all matters about aersopace and defense.
The content of the new blog will be mostly the same, with defense sharing the stage a bit more with items about the large airliner market and aircraft engines. But defense is still what I'm all about.
I hope you'll all join me at the new location.


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Beachy to get checkup from Dr. Andrews
ST. LOUIS -- Brandon Beachy knew something was not right as his fastball velocity suddenly dipped during the sixth inning of Tuesday night's game against the Mets. Braves manager Fredi Gonzalez gained the same sense when Beachy informed him the 82-mph pitch Juan Lagares popped up to end the inning was a fastball.
For now, the Braves are crossing their fingers with the hope that this was just one of those unexpected bumps in the road pitchers encounter after returning from Tommy John surgery. But the club will gain a clearer indication when Beachy spends time on Monday visiting with Dr. James Andrews, who performed the surgical procedure 14 months ago.
Beachy said he is confident he will pitch again this year. But for his own peace of mind, he wants to find out why his arm began to tighten during Tuesday's fifth inning. He likened the discomfort to what he felt when he was shut down with right elbow inflammation in June, just a few days before making what was supposed to be his first big league start since the surgery.
"I'd like to know what is causing it," Beachy said. "That is the reason we're going to go see Andrews on Monday and hopefully figure this out."
Beachy returned to Atlanta on Thursday to be examined by Dr. Xavier Duralde. Gonzalez said an MRI exam was not performed because the images often prove inconclusive on individuals who have already had their ulnar cruciate ligament replaced via this elbow surgery.
"When you do an MRI with a guy who has already had Tommy John, you don't even know what you're looking at," Gonzalez said. "It's like looking at the map of the New York City subway."
In the five starts he has made since coming off the disabled list on July 29, Beachy has compiled a 4.50 ERA and consistently thrown fastballs that have registered 91-92 mph.
Beachy threw a 91-mph fastball to Marlon Byrd during Tuesday's sixth inning. But just one of the five fastballs he threw to the next three batters registered higher than 85 mph, and it was clocked at 87.
"It just started tightening up on me and just kept getting worse," Beachy said. "I was trying to throw through it. It started to feel a lot like it did the first time before I got shut down [in June]. I started losing control and I looked up and saw a bunch of 85s. The last one there, I got the guy to pop up. I looked up and it said 82-mph changeup. I was like, 'I could have swore that was a four-seamer I threw.'"
The Braves had planned to give Mike Minor some rest by skipping him during this current turn through their rotation and starting him on Tuesday night against the Indians. But Minor will now start in Beachy's place on Sunday, with three extra days' rest.
"I didn't really need it," Minor said. "It was just kind of precautionary, I guess. Everybody could use some extra rest, especially this time of year."


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Houston Rockets 3D Foam Wall Sign
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others are checking the product right now !!
The Houston Rockets 3D Foam Wall Sign is the perfect item for the hardcore fan! Display your team pride in your home, office, Fan Cave or even at the game with these signs. The Houston Rockets 3D Foam Wall Sign is made of multiple layers of thick, colorful EVA foam and is sure to pop when you hold it up at the game or anywhere you want to show your passion for your team.
Holes on back for easy hanging
Approximately 18 inches on longest side
1.25 inches thick.
FanCave.com & Fan Cave Retail Store offer a no hassle return policy if you are not 100% satisfied with your purchase within 90 days of the sale date.


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March 8th, 2007 issue #0610
March 8th, 2007
600-pound black bear: 'It sounded like it was tearing my arm off'It was just before dawn on Friday, November 17, and Thurman Hensley's life was about to change. Making his way over the rocky terrain and thick patches of mountain laurel of his 250-acre property bordering the Shenandoah National Park, the seasoned hunter and expert marksman tracked his prey.read more
The Dish
FOOD- THE DISH- Brew hoo-hah: Coffee meets ice cream on JPAAfter 10 years in the real estate business, Amy Bishop has found a new groove– serving up ice cream and brews for 'Hoos. By brews, of course, we mean the bean, not th...
Real Estate - Off the Block
Art Features
Culture- ART FEATURE- Flash light: Gibson and Recorder's visual vertigo
Culture- ART FEATURE- In sync: Coffey and Wostrel play well together
Culture- ART FEATURE- Reality show: Tim O'Kane eyes the details
Culture- ART FEATURE- Terra nova: Uncommon ground at SSG
Culture- ART FEATURE- Young sprung: High school artists wow McGuffey


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Magical entertainment at its best with the emphasis on entertainment and good quality modern professional magic.
Full of energy, lots of laughs and good fun modern magical entertainment for all. Magic just got exciting.
Not just a card magician but a magician that can entertain with everyday borrowed objects, money, coins,rope,napkins etc
Brian will ensure that your party or event is both special and memorable for all the right reasons.
Close up magic is a very special way to add a bit of fun and entertainment to any type of function.
Unlike any other form of entertainment, magic can be done practically anywhere and under any conditions. Table close up magic ,walk about magic mix & mingle foyer meet and greet.
From Private Party,Anniversary,Wedding Day,Children's Party to corporate event Brian will amaze and entertain your guests with a unique form of magic that suits all ages. Table magician,close up magician or Wedding magician then hire one of the best.
Brian is based in Lincoln so ideally situated to cover all of the UK
Location is no problem as Brian travels extensively throughout the UK from London to Bristol,Somerset ,Wiltshire Lincoln to Manchester the whole of the Uk .
Thanks for looking at my Web site please feel free to browse my photo's etc and contact me with any questions prices etc.
Tel: 01526 321184
Mobile: 07929749485
E mail:
[email protected]
Copyright © 2011
Brian Hellyer
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Comundidad de aprendizaje
Do you have more information about CPR Los Vélez? You can share it here. Just remember that this is a website about respectful education... so please, do not use this space for non-constructive criticism ;-)
The comments are only to share opinions that may be useful to those who are looking for more information. Please do not leave any data such as your email or phone number. If you want to contact CPR Los Vélez, you will find their details above.


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Kent State's Public Health Speaker Series Presents CWRU Researcher to Discuss Urban Health Issues
Kent State University's College of Public Health presents the final speaker of its Public Health Speaker Series this semester. Dr. Elaine A. Borawski will speak Tuesday, April 26, at noon in Kent State's Moulton Hall Ballroom. Her talk is titled "Prevention Research Center for Healthy Neighborhoods: Engaging the Community in Search of Innovative, Effective and Sustainable Solutions to Urban Health Issues." The event is free and open to the public.
Dr. Borawski is an associate professor and co-director of the Prevention Research Center for Healthy Neighborhoods at Case Western Reserve University. Dr. Borawski is an epidemiologist with more than 15 years of experience in community-based health research with a wide focus from school and neighborhood level interventions to behavioral intervention program efficacy and effectiveness studies. She will be visiting Kent State to talk about the importance of involving the community in developing sustainable solutions to urban health issues.
The talk will be streamed live at https://ksutube.kent.edu/new/watchlive.php?playthis=9400 and available on the college's website at www.kent.edu/publichealth/speakerseries.
A meet and greet with Dr. Borawski for students will occur at 11 a.m. prior to the talk.
This event is sponsored and promoted by Kent State's College of Public Health and the Public Health Student Alliance.
For more information on Kent State's College of Public Health or the public health speaker series, call 330-672-6500 or visit www.kent.edu/publichealth.
# # #
Media Contacts:
Ken Slenkovich, email@example.com, 330-672-6504
Emily Vincent, firstname.lastname@example.com, 330-672-8595


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Grand Theft Auto's Warped View of New York City
The Liberty City of Rockstar's crime-celebrating Playstation game, Grand Theft Auto, was always based on New York. In the videogame's fourth outing next week, the city is much more fully realized-but intriguingly off-kilter. For example, Liberty City (like the metropolis upon which it is modelled) has five boroughs. Broker is the equivalent of Brooklyn, Queens is Dukes, the Bronx is Bohan and Manhattan is Algonquin. And the fifth? Staten Island was too dull, so the makers of Grand Theft Auto have annexed New Jersey, renamed Alderney. (Both Jersey and Alderney are islands in the English Channel.) As you can see from these screenshots from the game below, Liberty City is recognizable, but altered, disturbingly. Of course, the screenshots we want are from the live gameplay. The central character of Grand Theft Auto, a tough immigrant called Niko Bellic, has in this latest version of the game the ability to perform new actions, such as calling women for dates. He can also become intoxicated, causing him "to stumble and the camera to blur and bounce about". Any GTA fans: please send video of a drunk Niko on the equivalent of the Lower East Side. After the jump, spot the differences between the real New York, and Grand Theft Auto's vision of the city.


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With just a rope, a wooden building and a leap of faith,
Chuck Doennig created clean, family fun in the heart of the Ozarks
by Jarrett
Maybe a leap
of faith is the best way to describe it. You take a step to the left,
then push off the platform with your right foot.
Overhead the Christian rock band DC Talk sings, I took a dive, I
took a love plunge into your arms; I took a dive, I jumped in with all
my heart; I took a diiiiive . . . The platform disappears beneath
you. Wide-eyed, you look down at the quickly approaching ground.
Suddenly the thick loop of braided, yellow twine wrapped around your waist
catches, pulling you clockwise. You soar inside a wooden building, past
heads and napping dogs, exhilaration rushing through you. You smile. The
swings momentum dies and you land on thick padding. You wiggle out
of the twine loop and hurry up the stairs to go again.
Go out into the fields, past the bright lights and perpetual noise and
you will see the swing. It hangs just south of Ozark, down the road from
Bobs E-E-E-Z-Z-Z Stop and a store furnishing home brewing supplies.
You see them from half a mile away giant white letters shouting
SWINGS painted on the roof of an old, wooden building.
In an era where most teenagers spend evenings in movie theaters or cruising
with friends, Doennig Sport Swings provides an entertainment alternative.
The giant swings, housed in the heart of rolling hills and overgrown pastures,
have been drawing visitors for more than 17 years. Hayrides on wooden
buses, old-fashioned weenie roasts, paintball and rock climbing add even
more to an experience unlike any other.
This is the awesomest place to hang out! shouts Chandas Gilbert,
an eighth grader from Ozark. She and dozens of other youths can be found
swaying through the air during public sessions on Friday and Saturday
Everybody comes here! she yells, her voice fading as she swings
off a ledge in the buildings loft.
Dont ask where he came up with the idea for the swings. Chuck Doennig
has always had a flair for ingenuity. Growing up on a farm, he built tunnels
from bales of straw, itchy labyrinths of hidden passages and dead ends.
While classmates sewed in arts and crafts, he made a shoe scraper for
his familys porch. Later, in high school, he welded pickup grills
and built a hutch for his bedroom.
At some point, Chuck perfected a ballbearing mechanism that allowed a
rope to swing on an elliptical path. He attached heavy-duty strapping
to the device and hung it from the rafters in one of his fathers
outbuildings. Chuck found he could safely orbit through the air after
jumping from a platform. The improvement made the swinging motion more
controlled and increased time aloft. The goal, Chuck decided, was to jump
off the platform and return after making several rotations.
In 1985, Chuck took his own leap of faith, expanding his creation from
a pastime to a part-time business. The original idea was to provide a
clean, fun environment for teenagers and young adults but the swings quickly
proved popular with all ages. Visitors as old as 79 and young as 2 have
tried the swings over the years.
Chucks fatih
plays a large role in the business. A policy of no foul language is strictly
enforced. Sunday mornings, Christmas and Easter are the only times the
swings are unavailable for rent. Upbeat Christian music is played throughout
the night and a cross is centered in the business logo.
Perhaps it is a sign that hangs near the buildings concession stand
that best explains Chucks philosophy:
We can give you a clean atmosphere where you can swing your heart
out, but only Jesus can clean your heart out and give you real joy!
In addition to the swings, Chuck offers paintball, hay rides, bonfires
and inflatable play areas.
Seven years ago, Chuck built a paintball course on the north end of the
lot. Dead trees, cement culverts, a wooden bridge and underground tunnels
now cover the area. Chuck is constantly thinking of ways to enhance the
You know Chuck, his sister Cathy says. Always working
on the better mousetrap.
For those looking for more passive amusement, Chuck offers hayrides in
an unusual vehicle of his own design. Stripping the body of a bus and
replacing it with a wooden roof and sides, he created The Hillmobilly.
The wooden bus provided a novel vehicle for hayrides and attracted attention
as Chuck drove in local parades.
Since creating the first Hillmobilly, Chuck has built three more wooden
buses, including one with a mounted swing so staff could swing during
parades. Chuck called it the Broken North Pole since the red
and white striped pole rose up and then bent horizontally behind the bus.
Employees, dressed like elves, swung during Christmas parades.
In January 1987, Chuck took his business to new heights when he erected
a menacing, 33-foot steel structure called The Beast. Small
children speak reverently in hushed tones as they peer up at it in awe.
This is Lori Schryvers first time on The Beast and shes nervous.
The California native is here with her son and a friend from Nixa. She
watches intently as an employee explains how to put on the harness. After
listening, she straps herself in, takes a deep breath and steps off the
Sheer terror crosses
her face as she falls, but as the swing arcs upward a smile quickly spreads.
She laughs the entire time, her face turning beet red. Once on the ground,
she rushes back to stand in a line of kids one-fourth her age.
It was kind of scary, she says excitedly. Ive
got a little adrenaline running, but its really fun.
From the beginning, Chuck, a member of White River Valley Electric Cooperative,
relied on the word of others to promote his business. Although he rarely
advertised, news spread through churches and schools as youth groups began
reserving the swings. On some nights, more than 200 people filled the
building. As the numbers grew so too did the facilities.
Eight swings now hang in the wooden structure that originally housed two.
Two swings are in the buildings main entrance while four other swings
are suspended over padded pits in the buildings loft. The other
two swings hang in an adjoining building. At the far end of the main building
is a 29-foot climbing wall. A wide range of inflatable play areas, from
castles to giant boxing gloves, are also available for rent.
During the fall, goats join visitors on hayrides or lounge in the parking
lot. Bobs Place and Fort Bobs, the two areas used for bonfires,
were named in honor of one of Chucks dearly departed goats. Stumps
surround both areas and provide a place where visitors can sit and chat
around the fire after a hayride. Chuck provides hot dogs, baked beans,
potato salad, smores and hot chocolate during bonfires.
It seems Chuck has all the right ingredients for clean, country fun. Yet
he is always striving to improve. He has purchased land in Oklahoma and
hopes to one day build another site. Maybe then others can experience
the gospel that began with a rope, a wooden building and a leap of faith.
For more information call Doennig Sport Swings at (417) 443-6600.


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The Super GT is a sports car in Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas, but it takes the form of a supercar in Grand Theft Auto IV.
GTA San Andreas
In GTA San Andreas, the Super GT is based on a 1993 Mitsubishi 3000GT with the back of a 1993 Toyota Supra. It also has styling and the body shape similar to a Z32 Nissan 300ZX, in fact it looks quite like the Z32 Nissan 300ZX . The Super GT can be modified at TransFender garages. There are also two versions of this car; a hardtop and a targa top.
It is also one the most expensive cars to import in GTA San Andreas together with the Bullet and the Cheetah, cashing in at $84,000. However, the player is awarded $105,000 when he exports the car in mint condition.
In GTA IV, the Super GT (branded as a Dewbauchee car, although police radio chatter refers to it as a Pfister) is an amalgamation of two or three sports cars: the front and side profiles appear to share design cues from both a modern Aston Martin DB9 or an Aston Martin DBS and a Maserati GranTurismo , while the rear fascia resembles that of a Ferrari 612 or 550 Maranello. Although the side vents appear to be from 2005 Land Rover Range Rover Supercharged. GTA IV's Super GT seems to be powered by a turbocharged 6 cylinder, or possibly a high pitched turbo/super charged V8, as it shares an engine tone with the Comet and Infernus. The Super GT is also available with differing hood designs, either featuring a relatively smooth hood, or one with a low U-shaped ridge. The Super GT lacks an exterior radio antenna. The interior features black leather and carpeting with bucket sports seats. The center console is finished in aluminum trim and features an analog timepiece. The Super GT also features a beautiful gated 5-speed shifter.
The F620 in The Ballad of Gay Tony shares some similarities to the Super GT.
GTA San Andreas
The Super GT has a top notch speed and and acceleration, but its downside is that even when driving in low speeds, turning can cause wild fishtailing, even more so when driving in higher speeds. Super GT's durability isn't that good either. Therefore, the player should use caution while driving the car and turn slow and gently.
In GTA IV, the Super GT is the fifth-fastest in the game with a top speed is 105 mph (170 km/h), and the acceleration and speed of the Super GT are superior to many other cars in the game. The distinct sound of a turbocharger can be heard at higher RPMs, which separates it from the other supercars. The Super GT is an excellent choice for its speed and for its brakes, which are powerful and don't lock up very easily. Also, because of its high horsepower to torque ratio, the car can easily be slid into a drift by a single tap of the E-Brake (at moderate enough speeds); making the Super GT a great choice for drifting.
The car's rank in performance is pushed further back with the introduction of faster sport cars in subsequent Episodes of Liberty City DLC.
Prominent appearances in missions
During a car chase in one of Bernie Crane's missions, the Russian criminals drives a Super GT, while the character most likely drives a Turismo, as it is the car parked in front of Bernie's house. At the climax of the mission, the Russians hit a curb and crash their car, forcing you to get out of your Turismo and take them out on foot. Once they are dealt with you can steal the Super GT for yourself and save it. For its paintjob, it has a deep metallic version of one of five colors: gray, blue, red, green, or pink, all of which are unique. It may or may not come with a hood ridge.
Another Super GT is also obtainable outside in the mission "Trespass", being located at the main entrance of the abandoned Sprunk factory where you must find and kill Chubby Charlie. However if you complete the mission, and do not collect the car, it will disappear.
As a part of text message car missions from Stevie, he will ask you to procure one parked in front of the "69 Exchange" in The Exchange, Algonquin. Before taking it to Stevie's garage, save it in one of your parking spots and wait for another to re-spawn. Then take the re-spawn to Stevie.
Modifications (GTA San Andreas)
It can only be modified at TransFender garages:
- Color
- Nitro (2X only)
- Wheels
- Hydraulics
- The Super GT plays the following radio stations by default when entered:
- CSR 103.9 in GTA San Andreas.
- Electro-Choc or Radio Broker in GTA IV.
- An earlier form of the Super GT in GTA IV features "Super GT" and "Asstone" badges in the rear. In its final form, however, only a Dewbauchee emblem is present in place.
- It is ironic when upon close inspection the Super GT shares the engine cosmetics with the Stratum, although the Stratum appears to have an air filter and a turbocharger fitted.
- The Super GT is one of the three most expensive cars in GTA IV, the others being the Turismo and the Infernus.
- The Russian Mafia in GTA IV occasionally uses Super GT in missions, such as is the case during "Union Drive" and "Trespass".
- The Bullet GT replaces the Super GT in The Ballad of Gay Tony's multiplayer Race/GTA Race modes.
- The BradyGames guide for Episodes From Liberty City mistakenly refers to the Super GT as a new vehicle in EFLC.
GTA San Andreas
- Outside the Driving School in Doherty, San Fierro after achieving bronze for all the challenges, constantly appearing with a maroon body.
- Behind the Control Tower at Easter Bay International Airport, San Fierro (usually locked). Constantlw appears with a yellow body, usually with a targa top.
- Spawns on The Strip, Las Venturas
- Driving around in the evening in Rodeo, Los Santos
- Importable from Easter Basin docks in San Fierro after completing export lists. Import cost: $84,000 (Tuesday only)
The Super GT in GTA IV is notably rare, being mostly available in specific missions (see #Prominent appearances in missions or Multiplayer modes, or by using a cheat code:
- Can very easily and lots of them can spawn if you are driving one.
- Can be found on the street next to the Bank of Liberty in The Exchange, Algonquin, for Stevie's Car Thefts.
- Can be spawned around Star Junction and The Triangle, Algonquin, Liberty City.
- Obtainable during the Bernie Crane mission Union Drive, and can spawn parked in front of the Sprunk Factory in Alderney during the Phil Bell mission Trespass.
- If you compete in Brucie's races early on, it is likely that you will see it in at least one them. You can kill the driver and steal it but you will cancel the race and your favor with Brucie will go down 3 percent.
- Spawn in traffic in Multiplayer in GTA IV.
- Can be spawned by dialing (227)-555-0168 on your phone. This does not affect any achievements.


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A collection of scholarly works about individual liberty and free markets. A project of Liberty Fund, Inc.
A Discourse of Standing Armies; shewing the Folly, Uselessness, and Danger of Standing Armies in Great Britain, 3rd edition (London: T. Warner, 1722). https://oll.libertyfund.org/titles/1719,
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"Cato" (of Cato's Letter's) continues his attack on the waste and militarism of the British Empire which this critique of the idea of permanent "standing" armies.
The text is in the public domain.
This material is put online to further the educational goals of Liberty Fund, Inc. Unless otherwise stated in the Copyright Information section above, this material may be used freely for educational and academic purposes. It may not be used in any way for profit.
WHEN, in King William's Reign, the Question was in Debate, Whether England should be rul'd by Standing Armies? the Argument commonly us'd by some who had the Presumption to call themselves Whigs, and own'd in the Ballancing Letter, suppos'd to be written by one who gave the Word to all the rest, was, That all Governments must have their Periods one Time or other, and when that Time came, all Endeavours to preserve Liberty were fruitless; and shrewd Hints were given in that Letter, that England was reduced Edition: current; Page: [(4)] to such a Condition; that our Corruptions were so great, and the Dissatisfaction of the People was so general, that the publick Safety could not be preserved, but by encreasing the Power of the Crown: And this Argument was us'd by those shameless Men, who had caus'd all that Corruption, and all that Dissatisfaction.
But that Gentleman and his Followers were soon taught to speak other Language: They were remov'd from the Capacity of perplexing publick Affairs any more: The Nation shew'd a Spirit that would not submit to Slavery; and their unhappy and betray'd Master, from being the most popular Prince who ever sat upon the English Throne, became, through the Treachery of his Servants, suspected by many of his best Subjects, and was render'd unable, by their Jealousies, to defend himself and them; and so considerable a Faction was form'd against his Administration, that no good Man can reflect without Concern and Horror, on the Difficulties which that Great and Good King was reduced to grapple with, during the Remainder of his troublesome Reign.
I have lately met with some Creatures and Tools of Power, who speak the same Language now: They tell us, that Matters Edition: current; Page: [(5)] are come to that Pass, that we must either receive the Pretender, or keep him out with Bribes and Standing Armies: That the Nation is so corrupt, that there is no governing it by any other Means: And, in short, that we must submit to this great Evil, to prevent a greater; as if any Mischief could be more terrible than the highest and most terrible of all Mischiefs, universal Corruption, and a military Government. It is indeed impossible for the Subtilty of Traitors, the Malice of Devils, or for the Cunning and Cruelty of our most implacable Enemies, to suggest stronger Motives for the undermining and Overthrow of our excellent Establishment, which is built upon the Destruction of Tyranny, and can stand upon no other Bottom. It is Madness in Extremity, to hope that a Government founded upon Liberty, and the free Choice of the Assertors of it, can be supported by other Principles; and whoever would maintain it by contrary ones, intends to blow it up, let him alledge what he will. This gives me every Day new Reasons to believe what I have long suspected; for, if ever a Question should arise, Whether a Nation shall submit to certain Ruin, or struggle for a Remedy? these Gentlemen well know which Side Edition: current; Page: [(6)] they will chuse, and certainly intend that which they must chuse.
I am willing to think, that these impotent Babblers speak not the Sense of their Superiors, but would make servile Court to them from Topicks which they abhor. Their Superiors must know, that it is Raving and Phrenzy to affirm, that a free People can be long govern'd by impotent Terrors; that Millions will consent to be ruin'd by the Corruptions of a few; or that those few will join in their Ruine any longer than the Corruption lasts: That every Day new and greater Demands will rise upon the Corruptors; that no Revenue, how great soever, will feed the Voraciousness of the Corrupted; and that every Disappointment will make them turn upon the Oppressors of their Country, and fall into its true Interest and their own: That there is no Way in Nature to preserve a Revolution in Government, but by making the People easy under it, and shewing them their Interest in it; and that Corruption, Bribery, and Terrors, will make no lasting Friends, but infinite and implacable Enemies; and that the best Security of a Prince amongst a free People, is the Affections of his People, which he can always gain by making their Interest his own, and by shewing that all Edition: current; Page: [(7)] his Views tend to their Good. They will then, as they love themselves, love him, and defend him who defends them. Upon this faithful Basis, his Safety will be better established, than upon the ambitious and variable Leaders of a few Legions, who may be corrupted, disoblig'd, or surpriz'd, and often have been so; and hence great Revolutions have been brought about, and great Nations undone, only by the Revolt of single Regiments.
Shew a Nation their Interest, and they will certainly fall into it: A whole People can have no Ambition but to be govern'd justly; and when they are so, the Intrigues and Dissatisfactions of Particulars will fall upon their own Heads. What has any of our former Courts ever got by Corruption, but to disaffect the People, and weaken themselves? Let us now think of other Methods, if it is only for the Sake of the Experiment. The Ways of Corruption have been tried long enough in past Administrations: Let us try in this what publick Honesty will do; and not condemn it, before we have fully prov'd it, and found it ineffectual; and it will be Time enough to try other Methods, when this fails.
That we must either receive the Pretender, or keep up great Armies to keep Edition: current; Page: [(8)] him out, is frightful and unnatural Language to English Ears: It is an odd Way of dealing with us, that of offering us, or forcing upon us, an Alternative, where the Side which they would recommend, is full as formidable as the Side from which they would terrify us. If we are to be govern'd by Armies, it is all one to us, whether they be Protestant or Popish Armies; the Distinction is ridiculous, like that between a good and a bad Tyranny: We see, in Effect, that it is the Power and Arms of a Country, that forms and directs the Religion of a Country; and I have before shewn, that true Religion cannot subsist, where true Liberty does not. It was chiefly, if not wholly King James's usurp'd Power, and his many Forces, and not his being a Papist, that render'd him dreadful to his People. Military Governments are all alike; nor does the Liberty and Property of the Subject fare a bit the better or the worse, for the Faith and Opinion of the Soldiery. Nor does an Arbitary Protestant Prince use his People better than an Arbitrary Popish Prince; and we have seen both Sorts of them changing the Religion of their Country, according to their Lust.Edition: current; Page: [(9)]
They are therefore stupid Politicians, who would derive Advantages from a Distinction which is manifestly without a Difference: It is like, however, that they may improve in their Subtilties, and come, in time, to distinguish between corrupt Corruption, and uncorrupt Corruption, between a good ill Administration, and an ill good Administration, between oppressive Oppression, and unoppressive Oppression, and between French Dragooning and English Dragooning; for there is scarce any other new Pitch of Nonsense and Contradiction left to such Men in their Reasonings upon Publick Affairs, and in the Part they act in them.
Of a Piece with the rest, is the stupid Cunning of some Sort of Statesmen, and practis'd by most Foreign Courts, to blame the poor People for the Misery they bring upon them. They say they are extremely corrupt, and so keep them starving and enslav'd by Way of Protection. They corrupt them by all manner of Ways and Inventions, and then reproach them for being corrupt. A whole Nation cannot be bribed, and if its Representatives are, it is not the Fault, but the Misfortune of the Nation: And if the Corrupt save themselves by corrupting others; the People who suffer by the Edition: current; Page: [(10)] Corruptions of both, are to be pittied, and not abus'd. Nothing can be more shameless and provoking, than to bring a Nation by execrable Frauds and Extortions, against its daily Protestations and Remonstrances, into a miserable pass, and then father all those Villanies upon the People who would have gladly hang'd the Authors of them. At Rome, the whole People could be entertain'd, feasted, and bribed; but it is not so elsewhere, where the People are too numerous, and too far spread, to be debauch'd, cajol'd, and purchas'd; and if any of their Leaders are, it is without the People's Consent.
There is scarce such a Thing under the Sun as a corrupt People, where the Government is uncorrupt: It is that, and that alone, which makes them so; and to calumniate them for what they do not seek, but suffer by, is as great Impudence as it would be, to knock a Man down, and then rail at him for hurting himself. In what Instances do the People of any Country in the World throw away their Money by Millions, unless by trusting it to those who do so? Where do the People send great Fleets, at a great Charge, to be frozen up in one Climate, or to be eaten out by Worms in another, unless for their Trade and Edition: current; Page: [(11)] Advantage? Where do the People enter into mad Wars against their Interest, or, after victorious ones, make Peace, without stipulating for one new Advantage for themselves; but, on the contrary, pay the Enemy for having beaten them? Where do the People plant Colonies or purchase Provinces, at a vast Expence, without reaping, or expecting to reap, one Farthing from them, and yet still defend them at a further Expence? Where do the People make distracted Bargains, to get imaginary Millions, and after having lost by such Bargains almost all the real Millions they had, yet give more Millions to get rid of them? What wise or dutiful People consents to be without the Influence of the Presence of their Prince, and of his Vertues, or of those of his Family, who are to come after him? No—these Things are never done by any People; but, wherever they are done, they are done without their Consent; and yet all these Things have been done in former Ages, and in neighbouring Kingdoms.
For such guilty and corrupt Men, therefore, to charge the People with Corruption, whom either they have corrupted, or cannot corrupt, and, having brought great Misery upon them, to threaten them with more; is, in effect, to tell them plainly, "Gentlemen, we Edition: current; Page: [(12)] have us'd you very ill, for which you who are innocent of it, are to blame; we therefore find it necessary, for your Good, to use you no better, or rather worse: And if you will not accept of this our Kindness, which, however, we will force upon you, if we can, we will give you up into the terrible Hands of raw Head and bloody Bones; who, being your Enemy, may do you as much Mischief as we who are your Friends, have done you." I appeal to common Sense, Whether this be not the Sum of such Threats and Reasonings in their native Colours.
The Partizans of Oliver Cromwell, when he was meditating Tyranny over the Three Nations, gave out, that it was the only Expedient to ballance Factions, and to keep out Charles Stuart; and so they did worse Things to keep him out, than he could have done if they had let him in. And, after that King's Restoration, when there was an Attempt made to make him absolute, by enabling him to raise Money without Parliament; an Attempt which every Courtier, except Lord Clarendon, came into; it was alledg'd to be the only Expedient to keep the Nation from falling back into a Commonwealth; as if any Commonwealth upon Earth, was not better than Edition: current; Page: [(13)] any Absolute Monarchy. His Courtiers foresaw, that by their mad and extravagant Measures, they should make the Nation mad, and were willing to save themselves by the final Destruction of the Nation; they therefore employ'd their Creatures to whisper abroad stupid and villanous Reasons why People should be content to be finally undone, lest something not near so bad, should befall them.
Those who have, by abusing a Nation, forfeited its Affections, will never be for trusting a People, who, they know, do justly detest them; but having procur'd their Aversion and Enmity, will be for fortifying themselves against it by all proper Ways; and the Ways of Corruption, Depredation, and Force, being the only proper ones, they will not fail to be practis'd; and those who practise them, when they can no longer deny them, will be finding Reasons to justify them; and, because they dare not avow the true Reasons, they must find such false ones as are most likely to amuse and terrify: And hence so much Nonsense and Improbability utter'd in that Reign, and sometimes since, to vindicate guilty Men, and vilify an innocent People, who were so extravagantly fond of that Prince, that their Liberties were almost Edition: current; Page: [(14)] gone, before they would believe them in Danger.
It is as certain, that King James II, wanted no Army to help him to preserve the Constitution, nor to reconcile the People to their own Interest: But, as he intended to invade and destroy both, nothing but Corruption and a Standing Army could enable him to do it; and, thank God, even his Army fail'd him, when he brought in Irish Troops to help them. This therefore was his true Design; but his Pretences were very different: He pleaded the Necessity of his Affairs, nay, of publick Affairs, and of keeping up a good Standing Force to preserve his Kingdoms forsooth from Insults at home and from abroad. This was the Bait; but his People, who had no longer any Faith in him, and to whom the Hook appear'd threatening and bare, would not believe him, nor swallow it; and if they were jealous of him, restless under him, and ready to rise against him, he gave them sufficient Cause. He was under no Hardship nor Necessity but what he created to himself, nor did his People withdraw their Affections from him, till he had withdrawn his Right to those Affections. Those who have us'd you ill, will never forgive you; and it is no new Thing wantonly to make an Enemy, and then to calumniate and destroy him for being so.Edition: current; Page: [(15)]
When People, through continual ill Usage, grow weary of their present ill Condition, they will be so far from being frighten'd with a Change, that they will wish for one; and instead of terrifying them, by threatning them with one, you do but please them, even in Instances where they have no Reason to be pleas'd. Make them happy, and they will dread any Change; but while they are ill us'd, they will not fear the worst. The Authors of publick Misery and Plunder, may seek their only Safety in general Desolation; but, to the People, nothing can be worse than Ruin, from what Hand soever it comes: A Protestant Musket kills as sure as a Popish one; and an Oppressor is an Oppressor, to whatever Church he belongs: The Sword and the Gun are of every Church, and so are the Instruments of Oppression. The late Directors were all stanch Protestants; and Cromwell had a violent Aversion to Popery.
We are, doubtless, under great Necessities in our present Circumstances; but to increase them, in order to cure them, would be a preposterous Remedy, worthy only of them who brought them upon us; and who, if they had common Shame in them, would conceal, as far as they could, under Silence, the heavy Evils, which, tho' they lie upon every Edition: current; Page: [(16)] Man's Shoulders, yet lie only at the Doors of a few. The Plea of Necessity, if it can be taken, will justify any Mischief, and the worst Mischiefs. Private Necessity makes Men Thieves and Robbers; but publick Necessity requires that Robbers of all Sizes should be hang'd. Publick Necessity therefore, and the Necessity of such pedant Politicians, are different and opposite Things. There is no Doubt, but Men guilty of great Crimes, would be glad of an enormous Power to protect them in the greatest; and then tell us there is a Necessity for it. Those against whom Justice is arm'd, will ever talk thus, and ever think it necessary to disarm her. But whatever sincere Services they may mean to themselves by it, they can mean none to his Majesty, who would be undone with his Subjects, by such treacherous and ruinous Services: And therefore it is fit that Mankind should know, and they themselves should know, that his Majesty can and will be defended against them and their Pretender, without Standing Armies, which wou'd make him formidable only to his People, and contemptible to his Foes, who take justly the Measure of his Power from his Credit with his Subjects.
But I shall consider what present Occasion there is of keeping up more Troops Edition: current; Page: [(17)] than the usual Guards and Garrisons, and shall a little further animadvert upon the Arts and frivolous Pretences made Use of, in former Reigns, to reduce this Government to the Condition and Model of the pretended jure Divino-Monarchies, where Millions must be miserable and undone, to make one and a few of his Creatures lawless, rampant, and unsafe.
It is certain, that Liberty is never so much in danger, as upon a Deliverance from Slavery. The remaining Dread of the Mischiefs escaped, generally drives, or decoys Men into the same or greater; for then the Passions and Expectations of some, run high; and the Fears of others make them submit to any Misfortunes to avoid an Evil that is over; and both Sorts conour in giving to a Deliverer all that they are delivered from: In the Transports of a Restoration, or Victory, or upon a Plot discover'd, or a Rebellion quell'd, nothing is thought too much for the Benefactor, nor any Power too great to be left to his Discretion, tho' there can never be less Reason for giving it to him than at those Times; because, for the most part, the Danger is past, his Enemies are defeated and intimidated, and consequently that is a proper Juncture for the People to settle themselves, and secure their Liberties, since no one is likely to disturb them in doing so.
However, I confess, that Custom, from Time immemorial, is against me, and the Edition: current; Page: [(18)] same Custom has made most of Mankind Slaves: Agathocles saved the Syracusians, and afterwards destroy'd them. Pisistratus pretending to be wounded for protecting the People, prevail'd with them to allow him a Guard for the Defence of his Person, and by the Help of that Guard usurp'd the Sovereignty: Cæsar and Marius deliver'd the Commons of Rome from the Tyranny of the Nobles, and made themselves Masters of both Commons and Nobles: Sylla deliver'd the Senate from the Insolence of the People, and did them more Mischief than the Rabble could have done in a Thousand Years: Gustavus Ericson delivered the Swedes from the Oppression of the Danes, and made large Steps towards enslaving them himself: The Antwerpians call'd in the Duke of Allençon, to defend them against the Spaniards; but he was no sooner got, as he thought, in full Possession of their Town, but he fell upon them himself with the Forces which he brought for their Defence. But the Townsmen happen'd to be too many for him, and drove these their new Protectors home again: Which Disappointment, and just Disgrace, broke that good Duke's Heart. Oliver Cromwell headed an Army which pretended to fight for Liberty, and by that Army became a bloody Tyrant; as I once saw a Hawk very generously rescue a Turtle Dove from the Persecution of two Crows, and then eat him up himself.Edition: current; Page: [(19)]
Almost all Men desire Power, and few lose any Opportunity to get it, and all who are like to suffer under it, ought to be strictly upon their Guard in such Conjunctures as are most likely to encrease, and make it uncontroulable. There are but two Ways in Nature to enslave a People, and continue that Slavery over them; the first is Superstition, and the last is Force: By the one, we are perswaded that it is our Duty to be undone; and the other undoes us whether we will or no. I take it, that we are pretty much out of Danger of the first, at present; and, I think, we cannot be too much upon our guard against the other; for, tho' we have nothing to fear from the best Prince in the World, yet we have every thing to fear from those who would give him a Power inconsistent with Liberty, and with a Constitution which has lasted almost a Thousand Years without such a Power, which will never be ask'd with an Intention to make no Use of it.
The Nation was so mad, upon the Restoration of King Charles II. that they gave to him all that he ask'd, and more than he ask'd: They complemented him with a vast Revenue for Life, and almost with our Liberties and Religion too; and if unforeseen Accidents had not happen'd to prevent it, without doubt we had lost both; and if his Successor could have had a little Patience, and had used no Rogues but his old Rogues, he might have accomplished the Business, and Popery and Edition: current; Page: [(20)] Arbitrary Power had been Jure Divino at this Day; but he made too much haste to be at the End of his Journey; and his Priests were in too much haste to be on Horseback too, and so the Beast grew skittish, and overthrew them both.
Then a new Set of Deliverers arose, who had saved us from King James's Army, and would have given us a bigger in the Room of it, and some of them Foreigners; and told us that the King longed for them, and it was a Pity that so good a Prince should lose his Longing, and miscarry; but he did lose it, and miscarried no otherwise than by losing a great Part of the Confidence which many of his best Subjects before had in his Moderation; which Loss, made the Remainder of his Reign uneasy to him, and to every good Man who saw it: I remember, all Men then declared against a Standing Army, and the Courtiers amongst the rest, who were only for a Land-Force, to be kept up no longer than till the King of France disbanded his, and till the Kingdom was setled, and the People better satisfy'd with the Administration; and then there was nothing left to do, in order to perpetuate them, but to take care that the People should never be satisfy'd: An Art often practis'd with an amazing Success.
The Reasons then given for keeping up an Army were, the great Number of Jacobites, the Disaffection of the Clergy and Universities, Edition: current; Page: [(21)] the Power and Enmity of France, and the Necessity of preserving so excellent a Body of Troops to maintain the Treaty of Partition, which they had newly and wisely made: But notwithstanding the Army was disbanded; no Plot, Conspiracy, or Rebellion, happen'd by their disbanding: The Partition Treaty was broke; a new Army was rais'd, which won Ten times as many Victories as the former, and Europe, at last, is settled upon a much better Foot than it would have been by the Partition Treaty. The Emperor is as strong as he ought to be. The Dutch have a good Barrier. Another Power is rais'd in Europe to keep the Ballance even, which neither can nor will be formidable to us without our own Fault; France is undone, and the Regent must be our Friend, and have Dependance upon our Protection; so that some few of these Reasons are to do now, what altogether could not do then, tho' we are not the tenth Part so well able to maintain them as we were then.
I should be glad to know in what Situation of our Affairs it can be safe, to reduce our Troops to the usual Guards and Garrisons, if it cannot be done now: There is no Power in Europe considerable enough to threaten us, who can have any Motives to do so, if we pursue the old Maxims and natural Interest of Great Britain; which is, To meddle no farther with Foreign Squabbles, Edition: current; Page: [(22)] than to keep the Ballance even between France and Spain: And this is less necessary too for us to do now, than formerly; because the Emperor and Holland are able to do it, and must and will do it without us, or at least with but little of our Assistance; but if we unnecessarily engage against the Interests of either, we must thank ourselves, if they endeavour to prevent the Effects of it, by finding us Work at Home.
When the Army was disbanded in King William's Reign, a Prince was in Being who was personally known to many of his former Subjects, and had obliged great Numbers of them; who was supported by one of the most powerful Monarchs in the World, that had won numerous Victories, and had almost always defeated his Enemies, and who still preserved his Power and his Animosity: His pretended Son was then an Infant, and for any Thing that then appear'd, might have proved an active and a dangerous Enemy, and it was to be fear'd, that his Tutors might have educated him a half Protestant, or at least have taught him to have disguis'd his true Religion: At that Time, the Revolution, and Revolution-Principles, were in their Infancy; and most of the Bishops and dignify'd Clergy, as well as many others in Employment, owed their Preferments and Principles to the abdicated Family, and the Reverse of this, is our Case now.Edition: current; Page: [(23)]
France has been torn to Pieces by numerous Defeats, its People and Manufactures destroy'd by War, Famine, the Plague, and their Missisippi Company; and they are so divided at Home, that they will find enough to do to save themselves without troubling their Neighbours, and especially a Neighbour from whom the governing Powers there, hope for Protection. The Prince who pretended to the Thrones of these Kingdoms is dead, and he who calls himself his Heir is a bigotted Papist; and has given but little Cause to fear any Thing from his Abilities or his Prowess. The Principles of Liberty are now well understood, and few People in this Age, are Romantick enough to venture their Lives and Estates for the personal Interests of one they know nothing of, or nothing to his Advantage; and we ought to take Care that they shall not find their own Interest in doing it; and, I conceive, nothing is necessary to effect this, but to resolve upon it. Almost all the dignified Clergy, and all the Civil and Military Officers in the Kingdom, owe their Preferments to the Revolution, and are as loyal to his Majesty as he himself can wish. A very great Part of the Property of the Kingdom stands upon the same Bottom with the Revolution. Every Day's Experience, shews us how devoted the Nobility are to gratify their King's just Desires and Inclinations; and nothing can be more certain, than that Edition: current; Page: [(24)] the present House of Commons, are most dutifully and affectionately inclin'd to the true Interest of the Crown, and to the Principles to which his Majesty owes it. And besides all this Security, a new Conspiracy has been discovered and defeated; which gives full Occasion and Opportunity to prevent any such Attempts for the future; which can never be done, but by punishing the present Conspirators, and giving no Provocation to new ones; in both which, I hope, we shall have the hearty Concurrence of those who have the Honour to be employ'd by his Majesty; by which they will shew, that they are as zealous to prevent the Necessity of Standing Armies, as I doubt not but the Parliament will be.
I presume, no Man will be audacious enough to propose, that we should make a Standing Army Part of our Constitution; and, if not, When can we reduce them to a competent Number better than at this Time? Shall we wait till France has recover'd its present Difficulties; till it's King is grown to full Age and Ripeness of Judgment; till he has dissipated all Factions and Discontents at Home, and is fallen into the natural Interests of his Kingdom, or perhaps aspires to Empire again? Or shall we wait till the Emperor, and King of Spain, have divided the Bear's Skin, and possibly become good Friends, as their Predecessors have been for the greatest Part of Edition: current; Page: [(25)] Two Centuries, and perhaps cement that Friendship, by uniting for the common Interests of their Religion? Or till Madam Sobiesky's Heir is of Age, who may have Wit enough to think, that the Popish Religion is dearly bought at the Price of Three Kingdoms? Or are we never to Disband, till Europe is settled according to some modern Schemes? Or till there are no Malecontents in England, and no People out of Employments who desire to be in them.
'Tis certain, that all Parts of Europe which are enslaved, have been enslaved by Armies, and 'tis absolutely impossible, that any Nation which keeps them amongst themselves, can long preserve their Liberties; nor can any Nation perfectly lose their Liberties, who are without such Guests: And yet, though all Men see this, and at Times confess it, yet all have join'd, in their Turns, to bring this heavy Evil upon themselves and their Country. Charles the Second formed his Guards into a little Army, and his Successor encreased them to three or four Times their Number; and without doubt these Kingdoms had been enslaved, if known Events had not prevented it. We had no sooner escaped these Dangers, but King William's Ministry form'd Designs for an Army again, and neglected Ireland (which might have been reduced by a Message) till the Enemy was so strong, Edition: current; Page: [(26)] that a great Army was necessary to recover it; and when all was done abroad, that an Army was wanted for, they thought it convenient to find some Employment for them at Home. However, the Nation happened not to be of their Mind, and disbanded the greatest Part of them, without finding any of these Dangers they were threatned with from their Disbanding. A new Army was raised again, when it became necessary, and disbanded again, when there was no more Need of them; and his present Majesty came peaceably to his Crowns, by the Laws alone, notwithstanding all the Endeavours to keep him out, by long Measures concerted to that Purpose.
It could not be expected from the Nature of human Affairs, that those who had formed a Design for restoring the Pretender, had taken such large Steps towards it, and were sure to be supported in it by so powerful an Assistance as France was then capable of giving, should immediately lose Sight of so agreeable a Prospect of Wealth and Power, as they had before enjoyed in Imagination; yet it seems very plain to me, that all the Disturbance which afterwards happen'd, might have been prevented by a few timely Remedies; and when at last it was defeated with a vast Charge and Hazard, we had the Means in our Hands of rooting out all Seeds of Faction and future Rebellions, without doing any thing to Edition: current; Page: [(27)] provoke them; and 'tis certain, his Majesty was ready to do every thing on his Part to that Purpose, which others over and over promised us; and what they have done, besides obliging the Nation with a Septennial Parliament, encreasing the publick Debts a great many Millions, and by the South-Sea Project paying them off, I leave to themselves to declare.
However, I confess, an Army at last became necessary, and an Army was raised time enough to beat all who opposed it: Some of them have been knock'd on Head, many carried in Triumph, some hang'd, and others confiscated, as they well deserved; and, I presume, the Nation would scarce have been in the Humour to have kept up an Army to fight their Ghosts, if a terrible Invasion had not threatned us from Sweden, which however, was at last frightned into a Fleet of Colliers, or naval Stores, indeed I have forgot which. This Danger being over, another succeeded, and had like to have stole upon us from Cales, notwithstanding all the Intelligence we could possibly get from Gibraltar, which lyes just by it; and this shews, by the way, the little Use of that Place: But we have miraculously escaped that Danger too; the greatest Part of their Fleet was dispersed in a Storm, and our Troops have actually defeated in the Highlands some Hundreds of the Enemy, before many People would believe they Edition: current; Page: [(28)] were there. Since this, we have been in great Fear of the Czar; and last Year, one Reason given by many for continuing the Army was, to preserve us against the Plague.
But now the King of Sweden is dead, the Czar is gone a Sophi-hunting, the Plague is ceased, and the King of Spain's best Troops have taken up their Quarters in Italy, where if I guess right, they will have Employment enough, and what are we to keep up the Army now to do, unless to keep out the Small Pox? Oh! but there is a better Reason than that, namely, a Plot is discovered, and we can't find out yet all who are concerned in it, but we have pretty good Assurance, that all the Jacobites are for the Pretender, and therefore we ought to keep in Readiness a great Number of Troops (who are to sleep on Horseback, or lye in their Jack-Boots) which may be sufficient to beat them all together, if they had a Twelvemonth's Time given them to beat up for Volunteers, to buy Horses and Arms, to form themselves into Regiments, and exercise them; lest, instead of lurking in Corners, and prating in Taverns, and at Cock-Matches, they should surprize Ten or Twelve Thousand armed Men in their Quarters: I dare appeal to any unprejudiced Person, whether this is not the Sum of some Mens Reasonings upon this Subject?
But I desire to know of these sagacious Gentlemen, in what Respect shall we be in Edition: current; Page: [(29)] a worse State of Defence than we are now, if the Army was reduced to the same Number as in King William's Time, and in the latter End of the Queen's Reign, and that it consisted of the same Proportion of Horse and Foot, that every Regiment had its compleat Number of Troops and Companies, and every Troop and Company had its Complement of private Men? 'Tis certain, upon any sudden Exigency, his Majesty would have as many Men at command as he has now, and, I presume, more common Soldiers, who are most difficulty to be got upon such Occasions; for Officers will never be wanting, and all that are now regimented will be in Half-pay, and ready at Call to beat up and raise new Regiments, as fast as the others could be filled up, and they may change any of the old Men into them, which reduces it to the same Thing: By this we shall save the Charge of double or treble Officering our Troops, and the Terror of keeping up the Corpse of Thirty or Forty Thousand Men, though they are called only Thirteen or Fourteen; and sure it is high Time to save all which can be saved, and, by removing all Causes of Jealousy, to unite all, who for the Cause of Liberty, are zealous for the present Establishment, in order to oppose effectually those who would destroy it.
I will suppose, for once, what I will not grant, that those call'd Whiggs are the only Edition: current; Page: [(30)] Men amongst us who are heartily attached to his Majesty's Interest; for I believe the greatest Part of the Tories, and the Clergy too; would tremble at the Thought of Popery and Arbitrary Power; which must come in with the Pretender: But taking it to be otherwise, 'tis certain that the Body of the Whiggs, and indeed I may say almost all except the Possessors and Candidates for Employments or Pensions, have as terrible Apprehensions of a Standing Army, as the Tories themselves; and dare any Man lay his Hand upon his Heart and say, that his Majesty will find greater Security in a few Thousand more Men already regimented, than in the Steady Affections of so many Hundred Thousands who will be always ready to be regimented: When the People are easy and satisfy'd, the whole Kingdom is his Army; and King James found what Dependance there was upon his Troops, when his People deserted him. Would not any wise and honest Minister desire, during his Administration, that the Publick Affairs should run glibly, and find the hearty Concurrence of the States of the Kingdom, rather than to carry their Measures by perpetual Struggles and Entrigues, to waste the Civil List by constant and needless Pensions and Gratuities, be always asking for new Supplies, and rend'ring themselves, and all who assist them, odious to their Country-Men?Edition: current; Page: [(31)]
In short, there can be but two Ways in Nature to govern a Nation, one is by their own Consent, and the other by Force: One gains their Hearts, and the other holds their Hands: The first is always chosen by those who design to govern the People for the People's Interest, and the other by those who design to oppress them for their own; for whoever desires only to protect them, will covet no useless Power to injure them: There is no fear of a People's acting against their own Interest, when they know what it is, and when, through ill Conduct or unfortunate Accidents, they become dissatisfied with their present Condition, the only effectual Way to avoid the threatning Evil, is to remove their Grievances.
When Charles Duke of Burgundy, with most of the Princes of France, at the Head of an Hundred Thousand Men, took up Arms against Lewis the Eleventh, that Prince sent an Embassy to Sforza Duke of Milan, desiring that he would lend him some of his Veteran Troops; and the Duke returned him for Answer, That he could not be content to have them cut to Pieces, (as they would assuredly have been) but told him at the same time, That he would send him some Advice which would be worth Ten times as many Troops as he had; namely, that he should give Satisfaction to the Princes, and then they would disperse of Edition: current; Page: [(32)] Course; and the King improv'd so well upon the Advice, that he diverted the Storm, by giving but little Satisfaction to the Princes, and none at all to those who follow'd them: The Body of the People in all Countries are so desirous to live in quiet, that a few good Words, and a little good Usage from their Governors, will at any Time pacific them, and make them very often turn upon those Benefactors, who by their Pains, Expence, and Hazard, have obtained those Advantages for them; and indeed, when they are not outragiously oppress'd and starved, are almost as ready to part with their Liberties, as others are to ask for them.
By what I have before said, I would not be understood, to declare absolutely against continuing our present Forces, or increasing them, if the Importance of the Occasion requires either; and the Evils threaten'd, are not yet dissipated: But I could wish that, if such an Occasion appears, those who think them at this Time necessary, would declare effectually, and in the fullest Manner, that they design to keep them no longer than during the present Emergency; and that, when it is over, they will be as ready to break them, as I believe the Nation will be to give them, when just Reasons offer themselves for doing so.
|Numb. of Men
|Abroad and where
|D. of Marlborough, 1st Reg.
|Earl Cadogan, 2d Regim.
|Earl of Dunmore, 3d Regim.
|Earl Orkney
|Col. Kirk
|Lieutenant-Gen. Wills
|Coll. Cadogan
|Major-Gen. Pierce
|Brigadier Dormer
|Col. O'Hara
|Col. Pocock
|Col. James Otway
|Port Mahone
|Brigad. Groves
|Col. Mountague
|Brigad. Stanwix
|Col. Cotton
|Col. Clayton
|Col. Henry Harrison
|Col. Cholmly
|Major-Gen. Wightman
|Col. Crosby
|Port Mahone
|Col. George Groves
|Col. Egerton
|Lieutenant-Gen. Maccartney.
|Col. Handaside
|Major-Gen. Sabine
|Col. Howard
|Col. Middleton
|Col. Anstruther
|Major-Gen. Whetham
|Col. Barril
|Lord Mark Kerr
|Brigad. Bisset
|Port Mahone
|Lord John Kerr
|Brigad. Bon
|Col. Hawly
|Col. Chudleigh
|Col. Charles Otway
|Port Mahone
|Col. Lanoe
|Lord Hinchingbrook
|Col. Lucas
|Brigad. Ferrars
|Col. Philips
In all 40 Regiments.Edition: current; Page: [(35)]
|Numb. of Men
|Abroad and where
|Duke of Montague, 1st Troop
|Marq. of Hartford, 2d Ditto
|Lord Newburgh, 3d Ditto
|Lord Forrester, 4th Ditto
|Col. Fane, 1st Troop of Gren.
|Col. Berkeley, 2d Ditto
|Total of Horse Guards
|Marquess of Winchester
|Lord Cobham
|Lord Londonderry
|Major-Gen. Wade
|Major-Gen. Wynn
|Lord Shannon
|Brigadier Napier
|Col. Legoniers
|In England Total of Horse
|Sir Charles Hotham
|Col. Campbel
|Lord Carpenter
|Major-Gen. Evans
|Col. Sidney
|Earl of Stairs
|Col. Kerr
|Brigadier Bowles
|Brigadier Crofts
|Brigadier Gore
|Brigadier Honywood
|Col. Bowles
|Brigadier Munden
|Col. Neville
|In England Total of Dragoons
|Horse and Dragoons
|Foot in England and Britain, 11 Regiments,
|Horse-Guards, and light Horse,
|Dragoons in England and Britain, 8 Regiments,
|Foot, 20 Regiments, is two Battalions,
|Horse four Regiments,
|Dragoons eight Regiments,
N. B. The above List is imperfect, there being more Forces upon the British Establishment than are here specify'd.


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If I could wish for something absurdly impossible and food-related, I'd wish for the Vegan Midas Touch. Y'know, where all the foods I love would just magically turn animal-free, after which I could eat them until I could eat no more.
That touch could be particularly useful for veganizing some Indian sweets. Like the pedha, a classic Indian treat that looks like a plump disc and is made entirely of reduced milk and sugar.
Pedhas are unusually delicious and they are special because they are almost always accompanied by good news. Engagements, weddings, births, exams passed...there is no happy occasion that a pedha can't sweeten just a little bit more.
A while back a reader asked me for a vegan pedha recipe. The attempts I've made have ended up deliciously edible but without any resemblance to a real, actual pedha as I remember it. So I'll keep trying, and when I do hit upon a recipe...I'll share the good news with a pedha.
Until then, I've got a delicious Doodhi Halwa to keep you going. This is an Indian sweet that is not at all difficult to veganize and which, in its animal-free avatar, ends up being both healthier and more delicious.
A doodhi or lauki or bottle gourd is a pretty, pale-green squash that is a known cholesterol fighter and makes delicious subzis. Because the doodhi is very neutral-tasting it lends itself beautifully to a halwa.
The process of making a doodhi halwa is very similar to that for making a gajar or carrot halwa, which I've blogged about earlier. You grate the veggie, you reduce the milk, you add the sugar, and you have an incredibly fabulous sweet made of something that's actually good for you.
Besides, there really is no way to mess this one up. All it takes is a bit of patience.
I use almond milk instead of regular milk in my doodhi halwa. Cup for cup, almond milk contains about ⅓rd the calories in a cup of regular milk. Also, I like substituting nut milks rather than soy milk in Indian sweets because I find they add tons of flavor and no aftertaste, which can ruin a sweet. And because most Indian sweets including this one usually incorporate nuts, the flavor of almond milk lends itself naturally to these dishes.
That said, if you can't find almond milk or refuse to make your own (yes, you're allowed to be a rebel), you can go with vanilla soymilk. The halwa would still be delicious.
It's time for me to fly. Enjoy your weekend, all!
Doodhi Halwa
- 1 medium bottle gourd , peeled (the thin skin peels easily with a regular vegetable peeler), seeded, and then finely grated. It should yield around 4-5 cups.
- ⅓- ½ cup sugar
- 3 cups almond milk
- ½ tsp cardamom powder
- A handful of cashewnuts , chopped
- 1 tbsp + 1 tsp canola or other flavorless vegetable oil
- Heat 1 tbsp of oil in a wide-mouthed skillet.
- Add the bottle gourd and stir-fry for about 5-7 minutes.
- Add the almond milk, stir well, and bring to a boil. Reduce the heat so the mixture simmers and allow the halwa to reduce until all the liquid has evaporated, which may take about 60-90 minutes. Stir frequently while the mixture is reducing.
- Add the sugar and stir well.
- In a small saucepan, heat 1 tsp of oil and add the cashewnuts to it along with the cardamom powder. Turn off the heat as the cashews turn lightly golden-brown and pour everything into the halwa.
- Mix well and turn off the heat before the halwa gets too dry. You can also add some raisins along with the cashews and let them plump in the oil before adding to the halwa. .
- I think the halwa tastes best slightly chilled, but if you can't wait, dig in
More Indian vegan sweets.
(C) All recipes and photographs copyright of Holy Cow! Vegan Recipes.


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