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Three major civil rights statutes were enacted during the legislative phase of the Civil Rights Era, 1964 through 1968. In 1963, decades of organizing and struggle by African Americans culminated in the historic March on Washington. At the march, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. stood before the Lincoln Memorial and defined the Civil Rights Movement's vision of a just and inclusive society to the refrain "I Have A Dream."Late in 1963, following the assassination of John F. Kennedy in Dallas, Lyndon Johnson assumed the Presidency. Capitalizing on the momentum generated by the march and other effective Movement strategies, and applying his own unparalleled understanding of the workings of Capitol Hill, Johnson pressed the civil rights agenda forward. The enactment of the first of the major civil rights statutes, the Civil Rights Act of 1964, was a watershed moment in American history. Among its other ramifications, it established the statutory foundation on which Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 and later the ADA were constructed.The Civil Rights Act of 1964 was broad in its scope, encompassing recipients of federal funds, employers, and places of public accommodation such as the bus stations, restrooms, and lunch counters which had figured so prominently in "sit-ins" and "freedom rides." The Act was also broad in its definition of protected classes. It prohibited discrimination on the basis of race, religion, and national origin. However, the Civil Rights Act did not cover people with disabilities. Disability would not be linked to the mainstream of civil rights law which flowed from the Civil Rights Act of 1964 until Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 was enacted almost a decade later.In 1965, the second major anti-discrimination statute of the civil rights era, the Voting Rights Act, was enacted, and three years later, the last of the major civil rights acts of the era, the Fair Housing Act was passed.Following Dr. King's assassination in Memphis in 1968, the last of the major civil rights statutes of the 1960s was passed. The Civil Rights Act of 1968 moved through Congress with extraordinary speed, spurred by an outpouring of anger by African Americans and other concerned people across the United States. Title VIII of the Act prohibited discrimination on the basis of race, religion, national origin and sex in the sale and rental of housing, but the Fair Housing Act, like the Civil Rights Act of 1964, did not include people with disabilities among its protected classes. In 1988, however, the Fair Housing Act was amended to add two new protected classes: people with disabilities and families with children.In the same year as the Fair Housing Act, a significant piece of disability legislation was enacted, one which demonstrated, however, that the redefinition of disability policy in terms of civil rights was not yet underway. The Architectural Barriers Act of 1968 (ABA) requires that buildings constructed or altered by or on behalf of the United States, leased by the Federal Government, or financed by federal grants or loans -- if the authorizing statute permits design standards -- be designed and constructed to be accessible to persons with disabilities. The ABA, while not initially effective, nevertheless established the foundation for later efforts to provide accessibility in federally funded facilities.The ABA was not civil rights legislation. It had no teeth and was poorly enforced until later action by the Congress linked access policy to civil rights and created an enforcement and technical assistance agency, the federal Architectural and Transportation Barriers Compliance Board. The Architectural and Transportation Barriers Compliance Board, known as the federal Access Board, was established in 1973 under Section 502 of the Rehabilitation Act, part of the same Title V as Section 504. The Access Board is composed of the heads of 12 federal agencies (or their high-ranking designees) and 13 public members appointed by the President (at least a majority of whom must be persons with disabilities). Physical and communication accessibility is crucial to the integration of people with disabilities. As recognition of this grew within the federal government, the Access Board was strengthened through a series of congressional actions. Eventually it assumed its current status as a key federal agency, establishing design and scoping standards for facilities covered by the Architectural Barriers Act, by Section 504, and by the Americans with Disabilities Act.In political terms, the influence of the civil rights era lies in the fact that many individuals with disabilities who later became active in the Disability Rights Movement were inspired by the struggle of African Americans for civil rights and by the Women's Movement. Both movements demonstrated the possibilities for creative political and personal responses to discrimination and social devaluation, and emphasized the need for personal empowerment and community organizing among people with disabilities who had traditionally been isolated, not only from the mainstream of society, but from one another.
Reference: Wodatch J. (1990). The ADA: What it says. Worklife, 3, 3
The legal and political roots of the ADA are deep in the civil rights era of the 1960's. This is true in both a formal legal and in a political sense. In terms of formal legal precedent, the ADA has been described as, "... an amalgam of two great civil rights statutes, the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and Title V of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 ... The ADA generally uses the framework of Titles II and VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 for coverage and enforcement ... and the terms and concepts of Section 504 ... for what constitutes discrimination."Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 prohibits discrimination on the basis of a disability towards "otherwise qualified" people with disabilities by recipients of federal financial assistance. The passage of Section 504 established the critical bridge between disability and anti-discrimination policy and law. The statutory language of Section 504 is based on Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. However, Section 504 is much narrower in its coverage. Unlike the Civil Rights Act of 1964, Section 504 does not mandate compliance with nondiscrimination requirements by employers or public accommodations in the private sector. It also does not reach publicly funded programs which are not recipients of federal financial assistance.The Rehabilitation Act of 1973 which contained Section 504 was the product of controversy and compromise between Congress and the Nixon Administration. Richard Nixon had vetoed an earlier version of the Rehabilitation Act in 1972, because it included provisions expanding the traditional vocational focus of the federal/state rehabilitation system into the area of non-vocational, independent living services. Section 504 and the other provisions of Title V, however, were not part of the dispute between Congress and the Administration. To the congressional leadership of the time, many of whom had been supporters of the civil rights legislation of the previous decade, the extension of the guarantees of equal opportunity and equal protection to people with disabilities seemed a necessary step, in keeping with the fundamental values of our democratic, constitutional traditions. In practice, however, addressing the particular forms of discrimination experienced by people with disabilities posed new and distinctive challenges.It was four years before regulations implementing Section 504 were finally issued by the Carter Administration. The publication of the regulations occurred only after an aggressive national campaign by disability rights advocates to prevent weakening of the regulations and further delay in their implementation. The highlight of the campaign was an occupation of the U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare (HEW) offices in San Francisco by people with disabilities which lasted for approximately four weeks.
Four years after enactment of the Rehabilitation Act in 1973, the first set of regulations implementing Section 504 were issued by the Department of Health, Education and Welfare. In 1975, the Education for all Handicapped Children Act was passed. Since renamed the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), Public Law 94-142, as it is commonly known, mandated that all children with disabilities receive a free, appropriate public education in the least restrictive environment. The Education for All Handicapped Children Act of 1975 was the first federal law mandating that children with disabilities be provided an education.Coming two years after the passage of the Rehabilitation Act and Section 504, PL 94-142 made it clear that a major revision of national disability policy was taking place, a revision driven by the integration imperative and grounded in a fundamental revaluation of the role of people with disabilities in American society.Public schools have obligations to students with disabilities under both IDEA and ADA. As local government entities, public schools have obligations under ADA which extend not only to students with disabilities who qualify for services under IDEA, but also to other students with disabilities, employees, parents and members of the public who have disabilities.The movement towards the inclusion of children with disabilities remains controversial today. Many more children with disabilities now receive publicly funded education, but what constitutes "the least restrictive environment" is often a matter of conflict among education officials, parents, advocates and children with disabilities.
During the 1970's and up to the present, activism among people with disabilities has become increasingly visible, both nationally and internationally. The emergence of the Disability Rights and Independent Living Movements has been critical to the development of state and federal disability policy leading up to and including the ADA. Over the past several decades disability activism in the United States has been directed at basic civil rights issues such as:
Disability activism has also been directed at "independent living" issues related to the development of services and resources needed to support the personal independence of people with disabilities and to expand options for living in the community and participating fully in community life, such as:
In the early 1980's, the Reagan Administration, as part of its general deregulatory effort, attempted to weaken Section 504 and PL 94-142. The Administration's effort was spearheaded by the Commission of Regulatory Relief, chaired by Vice President George Bush. A broad coalition, including people with disabilities, parents, legal and professional advocates, and service providers, organized quickly and was successful in protecting both Section 504 and PL 94-142. George Bush, as president, later vigorously supported the passage of the ADA.Following the successful defense of Section 504 and PL 94-142, the focus on disability rights shifted to the state and local levels. Many states enacted or strengthened state nondiscrimination statutes, accessibility codes and other progressive disability policies. Independent Living Centers continued to spread. State and municipal offices and commissions on disability appeared in many communities. Protection and advocacy agencies broadened their scope to represent and to involve persons with a wider range of disabilities. The Parents Movement continued to fight for inclusive education and community services.
In 1986 Congress passed the Air Carriers Act which addressed the rights of people with disabilities to the use air transportation. Any individual or private entity that directly or indirectly by lease or other arrangement, engages in air transportation has obligations under the Air Carrier Access Act (ACAA):
Reference: 14 CFR 382.23 382.7, 382.23, 382.39, 382.43, 382.45, 382.47Nineteen eighty-eight was a watershed year for disability rights in which a number of critical developments occurred:Congress passed the Civil Rights Restoration Act that repaired damage to civil rights enforcement resulting from the decision of the Supreme Court in the Grove City case.The Fair Housing Amendments Act was passed, bringing people with disabilities under the protection of the Fair Housing Act of 1968 and adding specific obligations addressing disability discrimination.The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Affairs (HUD), eleven years after HEW's issuance of the first Section 504 regulations, issued its regulations covering federally funded public housing and other recipients of HUD funds like the Community Development Block Grant Programs.The first version of the ADA was introduced in Congress in 1988.
In enacting the Civil Rights Restoration Act of 1988, the Congress took the initiative in broadening the application of civil rights laws, including Section 504 and the Civil Rights Act of 1964, to recipients of federal funds. In the Grove City Case the Supreme Court had narrowed the obligation of federal recipients to comply with anti-discrimination mandates to only those specific programs within larger organizations which directly received federal dollars. The Civil Rights Restoration Act mandated that organizations as a whole comply with anti-discrimination requirements.
FHAA prohibits discrimination towards people with disabilities in the sale or rental of housing and in the terms, conditions, services or facilities provided. The Act was signed into law by President Reagan in September 1988 and became effective on March 12, 1989. FHAA extends the civil rights protections of the Fair Housing Act, Title VIII of the Civil Rights Act of 1968, to two new protected classes: people with disabilities and families with children.There are exemptions from coverage under FHAA for four or fewer rental units if they are owner occupied and for certain housing designed and operated for elders. There is also an exemption for single family housing sold directly by the owner if no advertising or other listing services are used.The definition of disability under the FHAA is the same as the definition under the ADA. The ADA does not cover private housing. Congress addressed housing discrimination related to disability in FHAA. Also HUD's 504 regulations issued in 1988 include detailed requirements covering federally funded public housing.FHAA has specific requirements related to disability in three areas:
The landlord or rental agent may not refuse to make reasonable accommodations in rules, policies, practices, and services to afford a person with a disability equal opportunity to occupy and enjoy full use of a unit. It is unlawful under the FHAA for a landlord to refuse to permit a tenant to make reasonable modifications necessary to enjoy full use of the premises. Modifications must be made, however, at the tenants own expense.The landlord has the right to require that the tenant:
In 1986, the National Council on Disability issued, "Toward Independence," recommending that a comprehensive law requiring equal opportunity for individuals with disabilities be enacted. The Council drafted the first version of the ADA which was introduced in 1988 during the 100th Congress. The Task Force on Rights and Empowerment of Americans with Disabilities, under the energetic chairmanship of Justin Dart, Jr., built support nationally, holding hearings in every state.A second version of the Act was introduced in May 1989 and after further amendments passed by the Senate on September 7, 1989. Five separate House Committees held hearings before the House of Representatives passed its version of the bill on May 22, 1990. Following two conferences between the House and Senate to resolve their differences on the bill, the ADA in its final form passed both Houses in mid-July. The ADA passed both Houses of Congress by overwhelming majorities and had key sponsors and supporters from both parties. The ADA is extremely complex, and the deliberations within Congress and between Congress and the Administration were detailed and not without controversy. The Disability Rights Education and Defense Fund led a very effective negotiating team on behalf of the disability community.On the morning of July 26, 1990, on the south lawn of the White House, with 3000 disability rights advocates, members of Congress and the Administration looking on, President George Bush signed the Americans with Disabilities Act into law. It was the largest such signing ceremony in history. President Bush described the ADA as "the world's first comprehensive declaration of the equality of people with disabilities, and evidence of America's leadership internationally in the cause of human rights. With today's signing of the landmark Americans with Disabilities Act, every man woman and child with a disability can now pass through once closed doors, into a bright new era of equality, independence and freedom."Reference: Wodatch J. (1990). The ADA: What it says. Worklife, 3, 3The President traced the ADA's roots in American history back through the Civil Rights Act of 1964, to the Declaration of Independence, stating that "We are keeping faith with the spirit of our ... forefathers who wrote ... 'We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights.' This Act is powerful in its simplicity. It will ensure that people with disabilities are given the basic guarantees ... (of) freedom of choice, control of their lives, the opportunity to blend fully and equally into the ... mosaic of the American mainstream."During the Clinton Administration, the President and the Attorney General have reaffirmed the commitment of the Executive Branch to energetic implementation of the ADA.In its deliberations on the ADA, Congress cited a figure of 43 million Americans having one or more physical or mental disabilities. This estimate has been revised to 53 million based on recent census data. These numbers are broad estimates. It is clear, however, that the number of people who have disabilities in the American population is large and is growing significantly with the "graying of America." The incidence of disability rises sharply as individuals reach their sixth and seventh decade of life. The life expectancy of an infant born in America today is approximately 75 years, and by the time that infant reaches the age of 75 that horizon of longevity may well have been pushed back. Advances in medical practice such as the development of trauma care centers and treatment of life threatening diseases tend to increase rather than decrease incidence of disability among younger persons.
The scope of the ADA in addressing the barriers to participation by people with disabilities in the mainstream of society is very broad. The ADA's civil rights protections are parallel to those that have previously been established by the federal government for women and racial, ethnic and religious minorities.The ADA's definitions of what constitutes discrimination towards people with disabilities and how barriers to their participation are to be eliminated are based on more than a decade of experience with the implementation of Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973.
The ADA prohibits discrimination against qualified individuals with disabilities in public and private sector employment. This includes a requirement that those employers covered under the Act make reasonable accommodations to the known physical or mental limitations of qualified applicants and employees, unless providing such accommodations would impose an undue hardship on the employer.
The ADA expands on the requirement of Section 504 that state and local government programs that receive federal financial assistance provide equal opportunity to individuals with disabilities to participate and benefit. The ADA extends the requirement to public programs that are not recipients of federal financial assistance and, therefore, not covered by Section 504.
The ADA's requirements that a wide range of "public accommodations" in the private sector eliminate physical, communications and procedural barriers to access addresses the widespread exclusion of people with disabilities from the routine activities of daily life which most Americans take for granted. The ADA reaches a broad range of sales, rental and service establishments, as well as educational institutions, recreational facilities and social services centers.Reference: Wodatch J. (1990). The ADA: What it says. Worklife, 3, 3
The ADA addresses the need to make telephone communications services accessible to individuals who have impaired hearing or speech. The ADA requires that all common carriers provide nationwide TRS, or Telecommunications Relay Services. Relay Services are operator systems that relay conversations between people who use TDDs (Telecommunication Devices for the Deaf) or nonvoice terminal devices and those who use the general voice telephone network.
The ADA seeks to ensure that individuals with disabilities have access to a full range of public and private transportation. If transportation were to remain inaccessible to many individuals with disabilities, the ADA's goal of real social integration would be impossible to achieve.Source: ADA information derived directly from organization Road to Freedom


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From $2,034/mo + utilities ($295)
Questions? Give us a call
From $2,034/mo + utilities ($295)
2 beds
2 bath
Pets Allowed?
Nov 15
Charleston is a wonderful southern city located right on the shores of the great state of South Carolina. As an historic city with a founding that dates back to the late 1600s, Charleston is the epitome of southern charm. This sprawling seaside city offers everything from a rich cultural ambiance, wonderful residential neighborhoods perfect for raising a family. Not to mention, Charleston is a bustling city with a fun and historic vibe that truly pays homage to the early city that helped to form the eastern seaboard of the United States. If you're a young professional looking to call this city home, or if you've got a family to raise, Charleston certainly has something to offer you.
Indefinite Reservations get our lowest prices
Indefinite reservations receive our lowest rates and are subject to a minimum of 6 months stay within the Landing network.
Every Landing comes with smart TVs that give you access to your favorite streaming services. Cable is not included in any Landing.
Move-out Notice
This community requires a 30 day move-out notice. Please give us a heads up at least 30 days before you plan to move or transfer to another Landing.
Unit Details
Homes in this community are booking fast, your exact unit number is subject to change.
Landing apartments go beyond fully furnished - they're fully finished, meaning they're stocked with the essentials, from designer furniture to high-speed internet to cozy candles.
Our top priority is the health and wellbeing of our community.
Our Hosts complete a 64-point checklist during each cleaning. This was happening pre-covid, but additional safety measures have been implemented to ensure the safety of our community. All Landing Hosts are required to wear a mask any time they're in your home.
All surfaces are disinfected at the start and end of each cleaning, with emphasis on high-touch areas (door handles, light switches, etc.). We hold weekly info sessions for Hosts to cover updates and best cleaning practices.

subset: commoncrawl


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Retrofit for a connected tomorrow
Full control at your fingertips
The power of one
Many a little makes a mickle. The wisdom of this proverb illustrates the challenge faced by companies that operate power installations spread across several sites. The more sites, the more complexity, and greater the risk that underperforming elements remain unseen and unfixed. Multiplied across ...
Progress is to create more with less. Like when using 380 Vdc for Telecom Expansion.
This is Eltek
Eltek is a world leader in high-efficiency power electronics and energy conversion. As a global corporation, Eltek has customers in more than 100 countries across a variety of industries including telecom, rail and infrastructure, power generation, power distribution and solar energy.


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Export 5 results:Author Title Type [ Year]
Filters: Author is Meyers, Tilden [Clear All Filters]
Albedo estimates for land surface models and support for a new paradigm based on foliage nitrogen concentration. Global Change Biology. 16(2):696-710.. 2010.
Climate control of terrestrial carbon exchange across biomes and continents. Environmental Research Letters. 5(3):034007.. 2010.
The MODIS (Collection V005) BRDF/albedo product: Assessment of spatial representativeness over forested landscapes. Remote Sensing of Environment. 113(11):2476-2498.. 2009.
FLUXNET: a new tool to study the temporal and spatial variability of ecosystem-scale carbon dioxide, water vapor, and energy flux densities. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. 82(11):2415-2434.. 2001.


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Brown, Hallie Q.
" Sad days were those--ah, sad indeed!
But through the land the fruitful seed
Of better times was growing .
The plant of freedom upward sprung ,
And spread its leaves so fresh and young --
Its blossoms now are blooming."
The subject of this sketch was born in Shelby County, Kentucky. She had many thrilling experiences during the time spent in slavery. In her own language she tells some highly interesting facts concerning her life. She pondered over her condition, wondering why she was not permitted to learn to read--why she was compelled to work for people who gave her few clothes and no wages--why she could not live with her mother and grandmother--in fact why she was a slave--dangerous thoughts for a young woman in bondage--but these and other thoughts kept obtruding until she found resentment against her condition had filled her bosom. The crisis came one day when Matilda, house maid and cook for fourteen persons, was accused by her mistress of an act of which she was not guilty. She denied it and--"Miss Matt slapped me in the face, causing the blood to flow. I was peeling an onion, I threw the onion across the kitchen and with the knife in my hand walked out. She ordered me back. I did not go. She called me all the pet names such as you will not find in the unabridged. I knew I had violated a law which meant the whipping post. I did not know which way to turn. Night
It is interesting to follow her from Binie's cabin until her fetters were broken. When emancipation came she was told that only soldiers' wives were free, but soon she learned that she too was free and when she gave vent to her feelings was told to pack her things and leave. Again she says--"Early that morning I sang, my heart was so full! I had a fine voice for singing. At four o'clock I sang like a mocking bird. I sang the whole house awake. I was in the kitchen getting breakfast. The word came--'All darkies are free.' I never finished that breakfast! I ran 'round and 'round the kitchen, hitting my head against the wall, clapping my hands and crying, 'Freedom! freedom! freedom! Rejoice, freedom has come!' I hurried to Louisville and on January first there was a great celebration. As the parade passed on Broadway near Twelfth street some one turned a wild bull loose. For a time there was
She did not long continue in Louisville as her heart yearned to see her mother who was in Dayton, Ohio. The narrator continued, "I was permitted to care for my mother in her old age--although deprived of her love and affection in my childhood. Well do I remember how we little ones, peeking through the logs of the cabin, saw our poor, little mother ready to be whipped for an act she did not commit. 'Who did it if you didn't do it?' 'I don't know, Massa David,' she cried. His wife Miss Sallie, said, 'If you know about it Liza, tell him.' 'I don't know, Miss Sallie.' She could not stand the sight of that poor tearful mother, but turned to her husband and said, 'Mr. Glass, I did that'."
Mrs. Dunbar resides in the Dayton home from which her poet son fell into "that last dear sleep whose soft embrace is balm." That comfortable, commodious home, shaded by magnificent elms, where he fought his losing fight, watched over and tenderly cared for by the devoted mother--those last days or any of his days and years would have been impossible without that mother who faithfully fulfilled a heavenly mission during the weary months and years of her son's illness. At the open door she greets the visitors with a smile. They come to talk of Paul--her one great theme--then she conducts them to his sanctum sanctorum--"Well, his den," she says--he named it "Loafingholt"--the walls lined with book shelves filled with his own works and choice bits from noted authors--photographs of eminent men and women of both races and dainty bits of bric-a-brac. Here is his desk with pens and ink wells, his caps and boots--his couches piled high with gay sofa pillows, inviting one to "loaf"--a violin made by Captain Stivers of Steele high school--all cherished by this loving mother who delights to show them, these silent remembrances
In her presence one gets the impression that here is a woman of uncommon native ability. At an advanced age she is fluent in conversation which often sparkles with wit. She possesses, to a remarkable degree, the gift of story telling, accompanied by great drollery and mimicry--in fact she dramatizes, as she relates, by act and tone. It is not difficult to trace the poesy of Paul to this mother who, given a chance, would have been as great a woman, in the field of literature, as her son was a man.
Go on and up! Our souls and eye
Shall follow thy continuous rise;
Our ears shall list thy story
From bards who from thy root shall spring
And proudly tune their lyres to sing
Of Ethiopia's glory.


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Store: Mac Connection – Online Mac Shop
Coupon Code: No Code Needed – Use Coupon
Expiry: 2011-11-28
Details: Apple 27″ LED Cinema Display (27-inch flat panel). Full brightness with no waiting. That's the big advantage of LED backlight technology. Unlike most displays that take time to warm up before they reach maximum brightness, an LED-backlit display is instantly on and uniformly bright. LED backlighting also gives you greater control over screen brightness. So you can tune the LED Cinema Display to suit the ambient light in even the dimmest room. The new ambient light sensor intelligently adjusts the brightness of the LED Cinema Display to your room environment. This gives you the perfect brightness for any situation while using the least amount of energy necessary. So get this Black Friday Sale – Save on Apple 27″ Cinema Display – Check Friday for Sale Price! at MacConnection.com
Use it on your own Luck.


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Ready to explore the great indoors? Check out our See in-home options for virtual game nights for friends or our in-home scavenger hunts for families.
We're here to help.
Every scavenger hunt we make is designed to bring teams together and help hunters see the city in a whole new way. Be prepared to learn something new and have a great time. Our software helps us customize your scavenger hunt to your tastes as you solve clues. At the end of your hunt, you'll be ready to do it in another city!
Your scavenger hunt will lead your group across town to the best-known landmarks as well as hidden gems. Along the way, you and your teammates will complete fun photo challenges, test your knowledge of local trivia, and solve riddles that will bring your entire group together. ScavengerHunt.com by Let's Roam is a great way to explore a new city or learn more about an old favorite. Learn how it works.
Our scavenger hunt tickets are flexible and can be used in any of our locations for up to two years. When you purchase as a gift you will receive an instant printable card for the recipient.
Our scavenger hunts take about 2 hours. You can pause your scavenger hunt if you'd like to explore a stop on the hunt or get drinks/food along the way.
Do the scavenger hunt any day from 7am to 10pm, even holidays! No reservation is required for groups of less than 20.
During your hunt each person will be texted photo challenges, trivia, and other activities for everyone to do together. We recommend purchasing a role for everyone in your group and kids over 6. If a person doesn't have their own device, you can have up to 4 roles on a single device. Our app will let you know when to pass the device to them when it's their turn.
Get 55% off on hunt and Annual passes. Hunts are available in over 300 cities and 27 cities around the world. Sale ends Friday, 10/23


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Lessien, writing on DiogeneX, asks what Apple has to do, not to catch up with things like notifications or cloud services, not to keep up with things like apps and specs, but to once again truly leap ahead of the competition like they did in 2007 with iOS and 2008 with the App Store.
Apple is as vulnerable as any other company to believing the future is a straight line extrapolation of the present. But eventually the knock-offs will be good enough to fool most people. Solely focusing on incremental improvement is like polishing diamonds. And perfect is the enemy of the good.
I won't spoil her two answers except to say they're good.


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For Immediate Release
Patricia Kiernan Johnson;
November 20, 2007
Contact: Ross Moonie
First Large-Scale National Performing Arts Convention Will Take Place in 2008
Dance, Opera, Music and Theatre All Coming Together in Denver in June
Excellence Expert, Jim Collins, Chosen as Plenary Speaker
'AmericaSpeaks' Engaged to Facilitate Closing Town Hall Meeting
November 14, 2007, (New York, NY) – Details of the nation's first truly combined National Performing Arts Convention (NPAC) were announced today in New York City. It will take place June 10-14, 2008 in Denver, Colorado, NPAC is expected to bring together nearly 5,000 actors, administrators, conductors, producers, dancers, trustees, singers, marketers, critics, composers, volunteers, musicians, businesses, instrumentalists, educators, directors, fundraisers and agents.
NPAC is being made possible by more than a dozen national performing arts service organizations coming together to develop, design, fund and facilitate the 2008 convention in close partnership with colleagues from the Denver performing arts community. The historic impact of such a teaming will be significant and communicate the importance of the performing arts to the nation's life and identity. By working together, arts leaders will more effectively bring the value of the performing arts to a wider audience.
Traditionally, each performing arts discipline holds its own individual national conference; however, next year they will combine into one large convention. "It has become clear that the performing arts share many of the same challenges," said Marc A. Scorca, co-chair of NPAC and President/CEO of OPERA America. "Through NPAC we aim to capitalize on the opportunities for growth as a sector rather than grappling independently with these issues as we have in the past."
"This is far more than a one-time event. The goal is that – years from now when arts leaders in communities large and small look back at their successful multi-disciplinary collaborations and cooperative programs – they'll remember that the initial ideas and relationships began when they participated in NPAC," added Ann Meier Baker, co-chair of NPAC and President/CEO of Chorus America.
Content development for the 2008 historic convention is well underway and plenary speaker, Jim Collins, acclaimed author of Good to Great: Why Some Companies Make the Leap…and Others Don't, has been signed. "I've become a passionate student [of the non-profit, social sector]", says Collins. "I've come to see that it is simply not good enough to focus solely on having a great business sector. If we only have great companies, we will merely have a prosperous society, not a great one. Economic growth and power are the means, not the definition, of a great nation."
A centerpiece of the convention programming is a series of discussions that will culminate in the closing plenary session when—via a unique AmericaSpeaks process that updates the traditional town hall meeting format—all convention participants will determine the action agenda for the newly-unified performing arts community.
NPAC registration will officially open on January 7, 2008 at www.performingartsconvention.org. The site is currently being built out with information being added each week about NPAC's agenda, schedule and objectives. Details about the plenaries, Jim Collins's presentation and the more than 50 sessions are being posted. Examples of sessions include: Taking Art Off the Shelf: Making the Arts Relevant Again; The Art of Living, or Living for Art: A Survival Guide for Individual Artists; The Value of A Seat; Design, Evaluation and Research on Arts Education Programs; Playwriting Bootcamp; Fun with Critics; The Changing Technological Universe and its Potential for the Arts Sector; Boomers: A Blooming Audience, or Fading Flowers in the Cultural Scene?; Artists from Abroad: Everything You Need to Know about Visa and Tax Issues; Opera: From Soap to Nuts; It Ain't Easy Being Green!; and, Art and Activism: Making Art, Making a Difference. (Sessions are subject to change; a complete list will be available in December at www.performingartsconvention.org.)
While NPAC has been designed to engage attendees in shared, multi-disciplinary content where they can learn best practices and meet colleagues from other fields, time during the convention has also been reserved for each discipline to convene their own members for special events and discipline-specific programming.
The participating NPAC arts service organizations include: American Composers Forum, American Music Center, American Symphony Orchestra League, Americans for the Arts, Association of Performing Arts Presenters, Chamber Music America, Chorus America, Conductors Guild, Dance/USA, Early Music America, International Association for Jazz Education, Meet the Composer, Music Critics Association of North America, National Guild of Community Schools of the Arts, National Association of State Arts Agencies, National Performance Network, North American Performing Arts Managers and Agents, OPERA America and the Theatre Communications Group.
OPERA America leads and serves the entire opera community, supporting the creation, presentation and enjoyment of opera.
Artistic services help opera companies and creative and performing artists to improve the quality of productions and increase the creation and presentation of North American works.
Information, technical, and administrative services to opera companies reflect the need for strengthened leadership among staff, trustees and volunteers.
Education, audience development and community services are designed to enhance all forms of opera appreciation.
Founded in 1970, OPERA America's worldwide membership network includes nearly 200 Company Members, 300 Associate and Business Members, 2,000 Individual Members and more than 16,000 subscribers to the association's electronic news service. In 2005, OPERA America relocated from Washington, D.C. to New York as the first step in creating the first-ever National Opera Center. With a wide range of artistic and administrative services in a purpose-built facility, the Opera Center is dedicated to increasing the level of excellence, creativity and effectiveness across the field.
OPERA America's long tradition of supporting and nurturing the creation and development of new works led to the formation of
The Opera Fund
, a growing endowment which allows OPERA America to make a direct impact on the ongoing creation and presentation of new opera and music-theater works. Since its inception, OPERA America has made grants of nearly $11 million to assist companies with the expenses associated with the creation and development of new works.


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New Jersey woman accused of scam by falsely claiming she had cancer
MOUNT HOLLY, N.J. -- Authorities say a New Jersey woman scammed relatives and others out of cash, meals and even a wedding by falsely claiming she had bladder cancer.
The Burlington County prosecutor has charged 40-year-old Lori Stilley of Delran with theft by deception.
Officials say in February 2011, Stilley told those close to her and posted on Facebook that she had been diagnosed. In April, she said her condition had worsened.
Authorities say supporters raised more than $10,000 after she said she didn't have medical insurance.
Family and friends also organized and paid for her wedding and delivered meals.
Supporters became suspicious in November 2011 when she posted that she was feeling better and believed a miracle was coming.
Prosecutor Robert Bernardi calls the scam "extremely cruel."
Stilley is free on $25,000 bail.


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Official Seeks Mystery Man Linked To 'Smear' of Senator Bob Menendez
"Carlos" arranged interviews with women who said they were paid for sex claims.
March 22, 2013 -- A prosecutor in the Dominican Republic is seeking to identify the mystery man called "Carlos" who, allegedly in league with Republican operatives in the U.S., helped set up television interviews with three young women who now say they were paid to lie about having sex with Sen. Robert Menendez (D-N.J.), the chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee.
Jose Polanco, the public prosecutor in the city of La Romano, said the lawyer for the three women testified Thursday that the mystery man "offered $5,000" to find three women who would agree to go along with the scheme.
The lawyer, Melanio Figueroa, has given contradictory public statements about the incident over the last several weeks.
According to the prosecutor, Figueroa testified that the mystery man was named "Carlos" and alleged the man was connected with or worked for a U.S.-based conservative news website, The Daily Caller, although he offered no evidence to back up the claim.
The Daily Caller first published the allegations against Menendez a few days before voters cast ballots in the New Jersey senate seat race last year, based on interview with two of the prostitutes.
A spokesperson for The Daily Caller, Nicole Roeberg, denied the allegation that it paid Carlos or had any connection to him. "Never worked for us, never was hired by us, was not a source that connected us to anyone in the Dominican Republic," Roeberg said in a statement to ABC News.
Someone named "Carlos" appears briefly in video recorded by ABC News last October during interviews with the same women, as he attempts to correct a technical problem with the video connection.
ABC News did not report on the women's allegations at the time because of doubts about their identity and veracity, later proven to be well-founded.
When asked about "Carlos" during the interviews, one of the women said, "He says he works for a newspaper or something like that."
At the time, "Carlos" was described to ABC News by the lawyer Figueroa, as an associate who was in charge of organizing the interviews via a Skype hook-up. There was no mention made of any connection between "Carlos" and The Daily Caller.
The Skype address used by ABC News to make contact in the Dominican Republic included the names Carlos and Martinez. A message sent by ABC News Thursday to the same Skype address seeking comment has not been returned.
A Republican operative who insisted on anonymity made the introduction between ABC News and Figueroa and "Carlos."
Senator Menendez has denounced the prostitution allegations as part of a "smear campaign" designed to falsely implicate him in a sex scandal in the weeks before last year's election.
He has called for a full investigation by U.S. authorities but has said he will not appear in person in the Dominican Republic to answer questions of prosecutors there.


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From what we've seen of Katamari Forever, it's looking good! But from what we've heard, it's also sounding good, courtesy of its remixed soundtrack.
As someone who owns the soundtracks to the first two games, I'll be taking a good, long look at the soundtrack to this one (known as Katamari Tribute in Japan), which will come as a 2-disc set clocking in at 36 tracks.
Anyone interested in importing, it'll be out in Japan on July 23, and will sell for ¥3150 USD$33.


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The Northeast map, published in January 1978 as part of the "Close-up: U.S.A" series, highlights the states of New York, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania. Together with its companion in the two-piece set, the travel poster "New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania: Glittering Cities, Lonely Wild Lands," these works provide detail of the variety of exciting destinations including the cities of New York City and Philadelphia, the forests and ski resorts of the Adirondacks and Catskills, and the quaint farms of Pennsylvania Dutch country.
Coverage Area: New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania


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School daze: Charter school stumped by regs
Educators Bobbi Snow and Sandy Richardson thought their proposal for a charter school stood a fighting chance. After all, it was designed for at-risk students at an at-risk age in an at-risk school division.
And since the federal government thought enough of their proposal to hand over $450,000, they figured the Charlottesville school board would smile on it, too. Instead, the city school system has spent nearly a year pointing out what's wrong with their plan.
Could a new public charter school for the system's most vulnerable students be an answer– or one more problem for a troubled district?
"My own belief is that middle school is a crucial time," says Snow, who has 25 years of education experience, 13 years in classrooms. "Every intervention has a cost, and the question becomes, 'Do you want to invest in them now, while they're little?'"
Their proposed solution, the Community Public Charter School, could open its doors next fall to about 60 at-risk students in grades five through eight– if Board members approve their application. As they're finding, that's a very big "if."
After first submitting their proposal in February, Snow and Richardson were shocked that an idea that beat out applications from all over the country to win nearly a half a million dollars from the federal Department of Education's Department of Innovation would find so little favor in Charlottesville.
Citing a lack of "valuable ideas," a review team, composed mainly of district administrators, recommended that the Charlottesville School Board deny their application.
"It was if they were reading a completely different document," says a still-incredulous Snow. "We had to look at the proposal and say, 'Did we send the wrong proposal?"
After the April meeting with city school administrators, the applicants went back to work. They studied the committee's concerns, revised the draft, and have now resubmitted their proposal.
In the next step, according to assistant superintendent Gertrude Ivory, a committee will review the plan and "make a recommendation to the Superintendent, who will continue the process and make a recommendation to the school board."
Snow is frustrated by the Board's refusal to speak with she and Richardson. The Board claims this is because the Virginia School Boards Association, as well as their lawyer, advised them not to talk to applicants while the review team is considering the proposal. Thus the Board's knowledge of the project is limited to a summary accompanying the review team's recommendation for denial last spring.
Win or lose, the applicants have invested more than a year, thousands of dollars, and high hopes. If they were in a charter-friendly state like Arizona, with its 491 charter schools, the waiting period might be eased by greater confidence in the outcome.
But this is Virginia, with just three charter schools in the entire state, and where the odds of adding another may be stymied by state law.
Part of an education reform trend, charters are public schools that develop their own teaching models and can operate independent of standard school system oversight.
Whether such schools are a creative choice or a failing experiment, a positive force for reform, or a stealth attempt at privatization depends on who you ask– and what state you're in.
When Virginia governor Jim Gilmore passed charter school legislation in 1998, opponents compared supporters to abortion clinic bombers. Others saw school choice as a long overdue step forward.
Now there are as many kinds of charter schools as there are laws to help or hinder them. Such schools can be parent-initiated or business-oriented, arts-centric or tech-centric.
While over 40 states have passed legislation enabling the existence of approximately 3,400 charter schools nationwide, the laws that guide them are highly inconsistent among states, according to the Center for Education Reform.
"Historically, Virginia has had a tough time passing a meaningful charter school bill," says Kirk Schroder, former president of the Virginia Board of Education, who recalls the days when the Clinton administration was handing out money to states with charter school initiatives. "The money was relatively easy to get, but Virginia's law was so weak that the federal government turned the state down," he says.
One thing that favors the proposed school is that it targets struggling students. Virginia law directs school boards to give priority to projects that focus on "at risk" students, especially those "currently served by schools that have not achieved full accreditation" under the federal No Child Left Behind law.
Buford Middle School, a potential feeder school, is not fully accredited under No Child, and Walker Upper Elementary– while fully accredited– has not yet met its "Annual Yearly Progress" under No Child.
Snow and Richardson believe state law may be stacked against them.
What Snow considers the biggest difference is that in charter-friendly states, the panel that reviews proposals is independent of the district. Not in Virginia. The eight member committee reviewing their proposal includes five city school administrators.
"It's a little bit like a monopoly," says Snow, comparing it to asking Adelphia officials if they want Verizon in town.
Ivory denies any conflict of interest, pointing out that the review team includes a charter school principal. Ivory also explains that the applicants were invited to have a representative "of their choosing" on the review committee."
One reason districts might not look fondly upon new charter schools is that they claim a share of the district's already limited financial resources. In this case, operating costs– even though partly offset by grants– might amount to $1 million for the first year and $1.2 million when the school reaches full capacity of 120 students.
"Budgetary priorities would be negatively impacted," the review team stated in the April assessment. On the other hand, the reviewers noted it might be "expensive at first, but an investment that could save in the long run."
A quieter issue might be that a charter school, while part of the district, plays by its own rules. Many believe that by its very existence, a charter school raises questions about the effectiveness of the conventional system.
"The fight over charter schools has centered on the loss of local control and autonomy," says Schroder. "It's clear that charter schools can be seen as a threat to the local district."
Indeed, in an official Charlottesville School Board document posted on its website after a September 8 focus group meeting, charter schools are listed– along with drop-outs and white-flight– as one of the "threats" to the city system.
The review committee acknowledge that the new school "would have to work very differently" from the current system. Snow and Richardson don't argue with that. Snow was the middle school director at private and artsy Tandem Friends School when she and Richardson, the dean of students there, first discussed starting an affordable "arts-infused" school.
Snow grew more passionate about the idea while working in a Washington, D.C. charter school serving mostly poor and minority students. She thought the concept would work in Charlottesville. Mindful of the city's high poverty statistics and large numbers of students in need of remedial education, they turned their enthusiasm to creating a public charter school.
In the pages of their proposal, the educators describe a middle school program that relies on the arts to teach content, the sort of tutorial-driven environment parents dream of for precocious pre-adolescents. It would enroll a racially integrated mix in partnership with Computers4Kids and the University of Virginia Art Museum.
This ability to resemble a private academy while remaining a tuition-free public entity is one reason for charter schools' popularity, often necessitating a lottery to pare down the sometimes-overwhelming applicant pool.
The blurring of the lines also makes districts uneasy, Snow says: "They saw us as inside the school system; we saw it as alongside."
In fact, one of the review team's criticisms of the proposal was that it "does not offer anything better or different than what we offer or have capacity to offer."
Snow defended the approach of the Community Public Charter School at the April meeting by asking the committee to specify "which existing programs offer the same method and intensity of student guidance."
She never got an answer.
Albemarle County is currently home to one of the state's three public charter schools. Founded in 1988 and given charter status in 2001, Murray High School is also geared to "at-risk" students and others who might "graduate below potential." But while Murray's project-based curriculum veers somewhat from the traditional model (grades dip no lower than a B), its curriculum is based on SOLs, unlike the proposed charter.
Snow likens Murray to Tandem, in that it attracts high school students who will benefit from customized instruction and who have yet to truly tank academically.
"Ours is more remedial," says Snow. "We're trying to attract kids who are already defeated and who may not otherwise make it through high school."
The proposed city school would build an arts-heavy curriculum to fit the learning needs of the city's most vulnerable students. Many kids thrive in such a visual, high-interest learning environment, Snow believes, having seen the evidence while working at Tandem.
Schroder agrees with that idea, saying "the arts have a tremendous value in education. Introduction of the arts supports academic achievement."
In addition, parents– whose involvement is widely considered a key to academic success– would make up 50 percent of the management team.
School board member Julie Gronlund stresses that the remedial aspect of Snow and Richardson's proposal will receive close attention.
"Helping those kids who are under-performing in our schools is a top priority for this division, so any proposal that addresses this issue is of serious interest," she says.
When it receives the superintendent's recommendation, Gronlund says, the Board will study the proposal and "move forward in the manner that best supports the children whose needs are being addressed."
Valerie Johnson is one parent who thinks a smaller school could have made a difference for her children who "got lost" at Buford.
In a letter to the review team, Johnson's son, now 20 years old and eager to attend college, wrote, "I went to the Charlottesville schools all my life. In both Walker and Buford I had terrible experiences. I was unprepared to be in high school, and it took 5 years to get my diploma. I did not get the help I needed and never felt like I could do the work. There were no tutors to help, and now that I want to go to PVCC I have to take classes to get me ready to do the work there. I am hoping the charter school will happen and help so many kids like me who need support from teachers and the school."
Charles Martin, the founder of Urban Vision, a successful after school program for disadvantaged Clark Elementary students, believes "many students" will benefit should the board approve the school.
"You try different things and find out what works," says Martin, whose Urban Vision program has led to kids scoring 30 percent higher on SOLs.
City schools parent Karl Ackerman, a former charter opponent, also supports the idea. The value, he believes, has to do with "scale." There's a stronger sense of community when teachers are working with classes of 12 versus 30 or more.
Where his own kids are concerned, Ackerman is satisfied with the city schools, which he praises for the newly introduced "morning meetings" that start the day with a dialogue between teacher and students. Nevertheless, for kids with impoverished backgrounds, he thinks there's a greater need within the district.
Ackerman says he was once suspicious of charter schools because for-profit businesses have entered the movement, and because some data has shown that charters "aren't making a difference."
In many cases, though, they are. Some individual models have "stunning statistics," Ackerman says, pointing to "90-90-90," a charter school model named for a student body that's 90 percent low income, 90 percent black, but which scores in at least the 90th percentile on state exams.
Snow says the Community Public Charter School won't be a segregated model, but it will serve poor children who face greater hurdles on standardized exams. Instruction won't revolve around tests mandated by the federal No Child Left Behind Act, however.
"Promotion, retention, and graduation" would not hinge on state exams, the applicants told the committee in April.
How then would they address No Child? committee member Kyle Kopas asked.
Richardson agreed to create a more detailed plan, but argued that, overall, they'd addressed every No Child requirement from "accountability for student performance" to "reduced bureaucracy and increased flexibility."
Another hitch for the committee was the school's unconfirmed location. While Snow and Richardson have set their sights on the burgeoning Frank Ix complex just south of the Downtown Mall, after spending thousands of dollars of their own money, Snow says they can't afford to sign a lease for one year forward without approval of the application.
Even the $450,000 federal start-up grant awarded to the proposed school has presented obstacles. In order to land the award, the applicants had to obtain non-profit status, which the School Board won't allow because it makes the group a separate organization, outside the district's budget.
Ivory says the grant's disbursement "would have to be negotiated in accordance with state law and local policy."
In Virginia, local school boards have the last word on budget matters, too.
One of the most frustrating aspects of the process was summed up for both sides last spring when the committee stated that their approval would require a "leap of faith."
Snow's reply: "The proposed school, by definition, cannot provide certainty of outcomes before it exists, but it can offer a creative plan to give hope that it will serve at-risk students and families more effectively."
In their revised plan, Snow and Richardson say they have attempted to provide details about everything from personnel policies to test-taking and discipline strategies.
Over the past five years, two other charter school applicants have faced a battery of questions from a skeptical team of administrators. Both were turned down.
Why is it so hard to open a charter school in Charlottesville?
Ivory, who chaired the review committee, says all proposals are weighed "in accordance with state law and local policy," and "evaluated based on the merits." She adds that characterizing Charlottesville as unfriendly to innovation would be "unfair to the process and the professionalism of the review committees."
But should their revised application be denied, Snow and Richardson will find themselves at the end of that process, unable to rely on what many states offer: the ability to appeal the ruling to a higher body.
What's left, they say, is to look into ways to amend the Virginia law they believe stifles education reform. Charlottesville voters did some amending of their own on November 8, when– by a three-to-one margin– they passed a referendum to replace Charlottesville's appointed School Board with elected members. Snow and Richardson hope that spirit of change spills onto their proposal.
"The charter school movement," says Snow, "was meant to create incentives to try things that have never been tried before."
Sandy Richardson and Bobbi Snow hope to open their charter school next fall.
Clark Elementary School Student, Neil Wood
Charles martin, founder of Urban Vision, a Clark Elementary after school program, believes students will benefit from the new school.
Snow says the school won't be a segregated model, but will serve poor children who face greater exam hurdles
Clark Elementary School student, Heidia Stinnie


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NEW YORK (AP) — Orlando Magic forward Hedo Turkoglu was suspended 20 games by the NBA on Wednesday after testing positive for steroids.
The NBA said Turkoglu tested positive for methenolone, an anabolic steroid. He will begin serving the suspension Wednesday night in Orlando's game against the Atlanta Hawks.
Turkoglu said in a statement released by the team that he took medication from a trainer in Turkey this past summer to help him recover from a shoulder injury. He said he "didn't know that this was a banned substance and didn't check before taking it."
"I take full responsibility for anything that goes into my body," the 33-year-old from Turkey said in his statement. "This was a complete error in judgment on my part and I apologize to the Orlando Magic organization, the league, my teammates, and the Magic fans. I know I have let down a lot of people and I am truly sorry for my mistake."
Magic general manager Rob Hennigan said in a statement released by the team that Turkoglu "unknowingly" took the substance.
"There are more than 125 banned substances on the NBA list, and we spend a lot of time educating our players on the contents of that list and will certainly continue to do so moving forward," Hennigan said. "We believe this was an honest mistake."
Turkoglu is in the third year of his second stint with the Magic. He is averaging 2.9 points, 2.1 assists and 2.4 rebounds, all down from his career numbers over the previous 12 seasons.
Turkoglu is making about $11.8 million this season. He has one more year remaining on his current deal. He was picked as the NBA's most improved player in 2008 while with Orlando.
Orlando went into the game with a 15-36 record in its first season of rebuilding following the departure of All-Star center Dwight Howard to the Los Angeles Lakers this past offseason.
Turkoglu has appeared in 11 games this season with one start. He has missed a total of 31 games, including 28 for a broken hand he sustained the first game of the season. He has missed the Magic's past three games with flu-like symptoms (two games) and a sore back (one game).
(© Copyright 2013 The Associated Press. All Rights Reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.)
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Luxury Presence
Enterprise Web • Marketing Tech
Luxury Presence is a website and marketing software provider for luxury real estate agents and companies. The company launched in 2016 and its client list includes some of the world's most successful realtors and companies who purchase template-based luxury websites, content marketing tools, SEO, lead generation, and online advertising.
38Local Employees
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Qualifying races - Regulations
A qualifying race is a race which allows, according to its difficulty, the acquisition of between 1 and 6 qualification points.
Only trail races can be qualifying races. For the definition of a trail race: click here.
Road races, triathlons, multi-sport races and orienteering races are not subjects of qualifying races for the UTMB®.
The evaluation of the races, and therefore the distribution of points, is managed by the ITRA (International Trail Running Association). The UTMB®, on the basis of the number of points attributed by the ITRA, however are alone in judging whether a race presents all the criteria to be a qualifying race, to register it on the list and to award the organiser with the corresponding logo.
Number of points necessary for the 2021 registration
Each race included in this list has been attributed with from 1 to 6 points.
In order to register, it is necessary to have gained the required number of points by finishing, between 01/01/2018 and 31/12/2020 exclusively (*), any of the races included in this list:
- To register for the UTMB®, it is necessary to have a minimum of 10 points from a maximum of 2 races.
- To register for the TDS®, it is necessary to have a minimum of 8 points in 1 or 2 races.
- To register for the CCC®, it is necessary to have a minimum of 6 points in 1 or 2 races.
- To register for the OCC, it is necessary to have a minimum of 4 points in 1 or 2 races.
(*) 2017 finishers of the UTMB® races may equally use these races as qualifying races.
If you have abandoned during a race, there is no way that this race can be taken in to account.
It will not be possible to register for the 2021 UTMB®, CCC®, TDS® or OCC by making reference to a race not included in this list.
The only qualifying list, available for consultation is on our web-site, is valid. The Organisation is not responsible for inaccurate, obsolete or untruthful information supplied by people foreign to the Organisation.
The Organisation equally is not responsible in the case of the absence of a race in the list of qualifying races. It is up to each organiser, who so wishes, to request accreditation as a qualifying race for the UTMB®. Runners who would like a race to be a qualifying race for the UTMB® must make the request with the organisers of that race.
Controlling qualifying races
All the qualifying races used by runners to finalise their registration are verified, against the official race results.
The Organisation takes in to account each individual's result (relay or team event included).
The runner must be sure that they appear in the official results for the stated race, and that their first and surnames have the correct spelling.
In the case of an inexact declaration of qualifying races, not conforming to the regulations or untrue, the organisation reserves the right to cancel the registration without refunding fees paid and to remove their advantage for the following year in the case of a negative draw.
Our engagement as organiser is to apply this regulation in a rigorous and identical manner for, without exception, ALL runners and therefore we do not accept any requests for exceptions to this rule.
Calculating my number of points
This unit helps you to calculate the number of points that you have accumulated in 2018, 2019 and 2020, valid for the 2021 registration.
The list of your races is not necessarily exhaustive, because it is based uniquely on the information available to us.
If a race in which you have competed is not included, there are several possible reasons :
- It is not a qualifying race (can check on our list of qualifying races here)
In which case we suggest that you contact the race organiser and ask if they have requested to have their race added to the list.
- The organiser has not submitted their results to the ITRA, the automatic recognition can not therefore happen
In this case, we suggest that you contact the race organiser and ask if the submission of results is underway.
- There is an abnormality in your ITRA runner's page (doubling, result attributed to the wrong person etc.)
In this case, we suggest that you go to your ITRA account (free) to resolve the problem.


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Every doctrine or practice familiar to Catholics has a history of its own, and some official expressions of church teaching are quite recent, such as the dogmas of the Immaculate Conception (1854) and Assumption of Mary (1950). That doctrine is slow to become official or may even change has to do with the nature of divine revelation: By definition, it is God's self-giving, and God cannot be fully captured by any human expression. The growth, change, and expansion of church teaching is often referred to as the "development of doctrine," an expression employed by English theologian Cardinal John Henry Newman in an 1845 essay.
The impetus for a change or development often arises from the experience of the Christian community, especially when some Christians have responded one way to a problem and some another. The first major dispute in the early church, for example—whether Gentiles must first become Jews before joining the church—arose because of St. Paul's success in spreading the gospel among non-Jews. It took a gathering in Jerusalem to determine that Gentile Christians were not bound by Jewish law.
Since then church authorities have come together in councils of various types to render judgments on almost every conceivable matter, from clerical celibacy to the relationship between the divinity and humanity in Jesus Christ. Some were local, called to deal with a particular problem. Others have come to be known as "ecumenical" because they gathered a large portion of the bishops of the time; the decisions of the first seven of these gatherings are recognized by the majority of Christians as binding on all the baptized.
As monasteries took central stage in Christian life in the early Middle Ages, the practice and teaching of monks became increasingly important. From monasteries in Ireland came the practice of private confession, later accepted as one of the seven sacraments at the Fourth Lateran Council in 1215. A bitter ninth-century dispute between two monks led to a more specific understanding of what happens to the bread and wine during Mass. Later termed "transubstantiation" and explained by the 13th-century theologian St. Thomas Aquinas, the concept was accepted into church teaching definitively by the Council of Trent in the 16th century.
Since the Reformation, Catholic teaching has tended to rely on the papacy as the final arbiter of authentic development, reflected in the First Vatican Council's definition of papal infallibility in 1870. But even that was modified by the Second Vatican Council, which placed papal infallibility in relationship to the infallibility of the whole People of God when they speak with one voice on a matter of faith, and of the college of bishops, which shares the charism when it speaks unanimously.
Seen in retrospect, the development of doctrine can seem messy and disorganized, not unlike the conflicts that often have accompanied changes in church teaching. That can be disconcerting, but Cardinal Newman offers comfort: "To live is to change, and to be perfect is to have changed often."
This article appeared in the June 2010 issue of U.S. Catholic (Vol. 75, No. 6, page 46).
Image: Photo by Meghan Murphy-Gill


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Australian Supermodel Nicole Trunfio Serves As Mentor
New Panel Of Judges Include Renowned Designer Catherine Malandrino, Model Jenny Shimizu, Famed Photographer Perou And International Model Scout - Marlon
NEW YORK � January 7, 2009 � Bravo's creative competition series "Make Me A Supermodel" returns for season two with supermodel Tyson Beckford returning as the show's host and mentor to the male models. Australian supermodel Nicole Trunfio joins the show as mentor to the female models. Also, a new panel of esteemed judges joins the series, including world-renowned designer Catherine Malandrino, model Jenny Shimizu, and famed photographer Perou and international model scout Marlon. "Make Me A Supermodel" follows a group of beautiful and talented men and women who will compete for $100,000 and the chance to become the next great supermodel. The series is scheduled to premiere on Bravo in the first quarter of 2009.
Tyson Beckford is one of the most respected and well-known male supermodels in the world. His modeling career exploded when he appeared in the Fall 1994 Polo Sport campaign. He soon landed an exclusive multi-year contract with Ralph Lauren and served as the spokesmodel for Polo Sport and Polo Fragrances. Beckford has appeared on covers and in countless editorials for a variety of magazines worldwide. Beckford's film credits include "Into The Blue," "Zoolander," "Biker Boyz," "Hotel California" and "Kings of the Evening." He has starred in a number of music videos including 50 Cent's chart topping "21 Questions," and the Grammy Award-winning songs "Toxic" by Britney Spears and "Unbreak My Heart" by Toni Braxton. In his free time, he actively participates in charities such as "Keep A Child Alive." When Beckford is not modeling or acting, he is busy developing his motor sports interests, which has led him to become a licensed driving member of Team X and host of his own auto show.
Australian supermodel Nicole Trunfio is both a staple in print modeling and a force on the runway. She has been featured across the globe in numerous fashion magazines, including Italian Vogue, Italian Elle, Marie Clare, German Vogue, French Elle, Harper's Bazaar, and Allure, and has worked with renowned photographers such as Patrick Demarchelier, Peter Lindbergh, Patrick Shaw, Steven Klein, Alexei Hay and Karl Lagerfeld. Trunfio's resume boasts various advertising campaigns ranging from Pantene to Ann Taylor to D&G and Lacoste. She can currently be seen in ads for Guess and BCBG. Trunfio has walked in runway shows by fashion's hottest designers including Fendi, Chanel, Oscar de la Renta, Versace, Missoni, Roberto Cavalli, Michael Kors and Gucci. Outside of modeling, Nicole studies acting and enjoys playing the guitar, reading and writing poetry, photography, running, and participating in extreme sports.
Renowned designer Catherine Malandrino began her career in France where she worked in the famous fashion houses of Emanuel Ungaro and Louis Feraud. In 1998, Malandrino moved to America where she met her husband and partner, Bernard Aidan. Here she took on the feat of re-launching the Diane von Furstenberg collection, and then began working on her own designs. Truly among the international fashion elite, her two current collections, a runway Malandrino line and a contemporary Catherine Malandrino line are available worldwide. A-list celebrities like Angelina Jolie, Jennifer Aniston, Janet Jackson, Sandra Bullock, Demi Moore and Heidi Klum are either clients or have been featured on magazine covers wearing her designs. Known to be fashion forward, Catherine has a large couture following from fashionistas like Madonna, Beyonc�, Sarah Jessica Parker, Halle Berry, Julia Roberts, and Nicole Kidman.
Jenny Shimizu entered the modeling world in1993 after being discovered riding her Triumph motorcycle by Kelly and Calvin Klein. Once settled in New York, she quickly scored work on the runway, walking in shows for Donna Karan, Yohji Yamamoto, Versace, Prada, and Jean Paul Gaultier. Shimizu went on to model in numerous ad campaigns and countless editorials. She has worked with some of the industry's top photographers, including Richard Avedon, Patrick Demarchelier, Gilles Bensimon, and Mario Testino. Shimizu has appeared in a number of television shows, including "America's Next Top Model," "E!'s Sexiest Top Models," and is currently a series regular on "Dante's Cove." Shimizu is an incredible mechanic and can be found restoring Bentleys, Rolls Royces and Cadillacs from the 1940's, 50's 60's. She is also an avid motorcycle rider with an affinity and love for Ducati's.
London-based photographer Perou embarked on a mission to capture the world in his lens in 1990. Now a renowned celebrity photographer, he has shot the likes of David Beckham, The Spice Girls, Blondie, Jay-Z and U2. Perou's work celebrates individualism and his unique perspective of the world. In 2004, Perou was commissioned by BBC to create a documentary on Africa, and also directs videos for music stars such as Marilyn Manson and KT Tunstall. Perou has shot a myriad of covers and features for magazines around the globe, including Vogue, GQ, and Entertainment Weekly, among others. A former butler, he earned his B.A. in Photography, Film and Video Arts from the University of Westminster. He currently lives with his family on a farm in the heart of the English countryside and has a studio in the east of London.
Marlon has worked in many different aspects of the fashion industry. Most notably, he has worked as an international model scout, where he educates young models and manages their careers, some of whom have made it to the top, including Marisa Miller and Anouck Lepere. He has also worked as a photographer, shooting rock icons The Rolling Stones, Eric Clapton and The Red Hot Chili Peppers, and has worked as an agent for some of the top photographers in the world. He first got involved in fashion while attending university in his native South Africa, where he worked in the creative department for Adidas. He then studied shoe design in Milan before making the jump to the New York fashion world. To date, Marlon has worked at leading modeling agencies around the globe and continues to work with top models backstage at fashion shows in New York, Milan and Paris.
"Make Me A Supermodel" is produced by Tiger Aspect Productions, a division of IMG Media. Andrew Zein, Adam Steinman and Jym Buss serve as executive producers.
Bravo is a program service of NBC Universal Cable Entertainment, a division of NBC Universal one of the world's leading media and entertainment companies in the development, production, and marketing of entertainment, news, and information to a global audience. Bravo has been an NBC Universal cable network since December 2002 and was the first television service dedicated to film and the performing arts when it launched in December 1980. For more information, visit www.BravoTV.com.


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The Forest Service is responsible for ensuring the development of Forestry within Ireland in a manner and to a scale that maximises its contribution to national socio-economic well-being on a sustainable basis that is compatible with the protection of the environment.
In this section you can learn more about the services, supports and information available from the Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine for this sector.
Forest Service Tel: 053 91 63400 or 0761 064 415
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com


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Latin America is an extraordinarily diverse area, encompassing a wide variety of cultures, political units, economies, languages and environments. The goals of the Latin American studies minor are to foster greater knowledge about Latin America and to explore the cultural contributions of that area to the global community. The minor aims to expand students' views concerning the multicultural nature of the peoples of Latin America and to emphasize the interactions between indigenous and introduced cultures in this region, both past and present.
The Latin American studies minor will be useful to students envisioning careers in government, business, commerce, communication, or teaching. Students interested in pursuing graduate work in any field related to Latin America will also find such a minor to be important.
Students will achieve the goals of the minor by taking a set of courses on Latin America in at least two different departments, or, for more breadth, by choosing courses in several departments. The specific courses are selected according to the interests of the student from the list approved by the Latin American studies faculty and updated each semester. Prior to enrolling for the next semester, a student must get her/his minor courses approved on the form kept by her/his advisor. The minor in LAS will require 18 credit hours of work, including language proficiency through the intermediate (202) level or via a placement test. The 202 language course may count toward the minor, but 101, 102, and 201 may not. Only three credits are allowed from a student's major department. No more than nine credits from any single department and no more than three credits of independent study may count toward the minor.
The coordinators of the Latin American studies minor are Jonathan Ablard, History, and Enrique Gonzalez-Conty, Modern Languages and Literatures.


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http://mmajunkie.com Georgi Karakhanyan (14-2-1 MMA, 2-1 SF) will get a second shot at a Bellator tournament championship.
Officials today announced the former soccer player and season-two tourney fighter as the latest entrant into the Bellator season-four tourney.
He's the fourth confirmed participant for the eight-man tourney, which kicks off in March on MTV2.
The tourney winner gets $100,000 in total pay and a guaranteed title shot.
Quach first fought in the season-two tourney, where he scored one of Bellator's top highlights with a knee-strike KO of Bao Quach in the opening round (watch the Karakhanyan vs. Quach video). However, he then suffered a decision loss to eventual tourney winner and current champ Joe Warren in the semifinals.
"I need to take this tournament one fight at a time," he stated. "I'm trying not to focus on Joe Warren right now. Whoever they put in front of me, that's who I'm going to focus in on. I never underestimate anyone. There are going to be some really dangerous fighters in this tournament, so I'm just going to take things one fight at a time, focus on that person, and then go from there."
Karakhanyan, who scored a non-tourney win over Anthony Leone in September at Bellator 28, joins Kenny Foster (8-2 MMA, 1-0 BFC), Zac George (20-3 MMA, 0-0 BFC) and Eric Larkin (3-0 MMA, 1-0 BFC) as officially confirmed participants in Bellator's featherweight tournament.
As MMAjunkie.com (www.mmajunkie.com) previously reported, Wilson Reis (11-2 MMA, 3-2 BFC), Daniel Straus (14-3 MMA, 1-0 BFC) and Nazareno Malegarie (19-0 MMA, 0-0 BFC) also are expected to take part in the featherweight tourney. Additional entrants will be announced in the coming weeks.
The tournament, which runs over the full 12-week season, kicks off in March on MTV2. Bellator, which aired past seasons on ESPN Deportes and then FOX Sports Net, also is expected to host season-four tournaments in the lightweight, welterweight and light-heavyweight divisions.
For more on Bellator's upcoming season, stay tuned to the MMA Rumors section of the site.


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Multiphytonutrient Veg Caps
- Product Details
- £27.80
- Size 60Caps
- Product Buying Options
Ideal for those with hectic lifestyles, this two-a-day supplement will give you a boost of essential vitamins to help you look and feel your best.
Two capsules to be taken daily or as directed by a healthcare professional. For best results take either two together with breakfast or one with breakfast and one with lunch.
Two capsules provide:
Mineral Ascorbate Complex (providing: Vitamin C 444mg, Magnesium 20mg, Calcium 10mg, Zinc 15mg), Pantothenic acid (Vitamin B5 as calcium pantothenate) 150mg, 95% Proanthocyanadin Complex 145mg (providing Grape seed extract 120mg, Pine Bark Extract 25mg), Vegetable cellulose capsule 120mg, Carotenoid Complex (as D.salina algae) 80mg (providing Beta carotene 6mg, Alpha Carotene 189ug, Cryptoxanthin 46ug, zeaxanthin 38ug, Lutein 30ug), Sulphur Amino Acid complex 50mg (providing L-Cysteine 20mg, L-methionine 20mg, L-Glutathione 10mg), Green Tea Extract (95% polyphenols, min 70% catechins) 50mg, Niacin (Vitamin B3 as niacinamide) 50mg, MCT (medium chain triglycerides) 50mg, Thiamin (Vitamin B1 as HCL) 25mg, Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine HCL) 25mg, Riboflavin (Vitamin B2) 25mg, PABA (para amino benzoic acid) 25mg, Alpha Lipoic Acid 20mg, Co-Q10 20mg, Selenium 200ug, Bromelain 10mg, Quercetin 10mg, Acerola 10mg, Manganese (bisglycinate) 1mg, Inositol 5mg, Choline Bitartrate 5mg, Boron (sodium borate) 500ug, Copper (citrate) 1mg, Chromium (picolinate) 200ug, Vitamin D2 1.2ug, Folic Acid (folacin) 400ug, Vitamin K 50ug, Molybdenum (ammonium molbdate) 50ug, Vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin) 50ug, Biotin 50ug.
In a baseof alfalfa, spirulina and bilberry.
UK Standard (3 - 5 working days Monday - Friday)
- FREE UK standard delivery on all orders over £40
- £4.95 on orders under £40
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- £6.95 Orders placed before noon Monday to Thursday will arrive on the next working day before 5.30pm, except certain postcodes. Not including Saturday or Sunday. Orders placed before noon on a Friday will arrive on the following Monday. Excluding Bank Holidays.
All UK orders
Parcel force (except where stated). Anytime from 8am - 5.30pm Monday - Friday
Require a signature on delivery. Should the recipient not be in, the parcel may be taken to the nearest Post Office or a re-delivery attempted the following day.
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Abstract and Keywords
Throughout their history, the countries of Central America have attempted several forms of political and economic integration. After declaring independence in the 19th century, the region lacked its earlier cohesion vis-à-vis Spanish colonial governance. The former provinces aligned themselves in favor of either centralizing regional power in a federal republic or establishing complete political autonomy through the formation of new nation-states. Forces in favor of the latter eventually prevailed.
An attempt at economic integration began in the mid-20th century. It was actively backed by the United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) and eventually led to the creation of the Central American Common Market (CACM). Despite favorable economic conditions in the Post-World War II period, a number of complications undermined integration efforts: war, political crises, and interests that ran contrary to those of the United States. Integration was postponed until the end of the 1980s, after the Esquipulas II Accord reestablished peace in the region.
After the countries of Central America signed the Guatemala Protocol in 1993, economic integration was promoted under the banner of free trade. This was done by regional economic groups with the goal of reconnecting the region to global commerce under the most advantageous circumstances possible.
Keywords: Central American Common Market, economic integration, free trade, globalization
Access to the complete content on Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Latin American History requires a subscription or purchase. Public users are able to search the site and view the abstracts and keywords for each book and chapter without a subscription.
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The word "miracle" isn't used lightly
Such conclusions are best left unsaid
There's a time and a place for such words, though,
Like the man who came back from the dead!
They'd detected no pulse, and no breathing
So they'd fitted his toe with a tag
And they sent him away for embalming…
But his "corpse" started kicking the bag!
Now the doctors are using the "M" word
And I guess we can give them a break:
The word "miracle" isn't used lightly…
But they'd rather use that, than "mistake".
CNN: Dead Mississippi man begins breathing in embalming room, coroner says.
Even in the Bible Belt, coroners don't use the word "miracle" lightly.
But Holmes County, Mississippi, Coroner Dexter Howard has no qualms using the word for the resurrection, as it were, of Walter Williams, who was declared dead Wednesday night.
Whoo-hoo-hoo, look who knows so much. It just so happens that your friend here is only MOSTLY dead. There's a big difference between mostly dead and all dead. Mostly dead is slightly alive. With all dead, well, with all dead there's usually only one thing you can do.
What's that?
Go through his clothes and look for loose change.
The coroner completed his paperwork, placed Williams in a body bag and transported him to the funeral home, he said. There, something strange happened: The body bag moved.
"We got him into the embalming room and we noticed his legs beginning to move, like kicking," Howard said. "He also began to do a little breathing."
I am very happy for this man, and for his family (who seem understandably overjoyed). And hey, isn't it much nicer to be the beneficiary of a miracle than the victim of a mistake?


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Stefan, Lakewood's bullpen combine for no-no
Right-hander, two relievers spin fourth Lakewood no-hitter, first since '06
In only his fourth start this season, Phillies prospect Jeb Stefan threw six innings of a combined no-hitter Thursday, a 1-0 win for the fourth no-no in Class A Lakewood's 13-year history, this one against Braves affiliate Rome.
Stefan threw six hitless innings, before Ramon Oviedo tossed two perfect innings and Chris Burgess finished it off with a hitless ninth.
Stefan (3-4) struck out five and walked four for the BlueClaws. Getting stronger as the game went on, the right-hander retired nine of the last 10 batters he faced.
Working out of the bullpen for much of the season, the 23-year-old Louisiana native was a 22nd-round pick of the Phillies in the 2012 First-Year Player Draft out of Louisiana Tech.
Oviedo struck out four over two innings in his debut with Lakewood.
Burgess walked one in the ninth, but was able to close the door for his second save of the season.
The last no-hitter for the BlueClaws was on Aug. 13, 2006, when Carlos Carrasco and Adam Bard combined for the bid.


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- Recruiter
- Concrete Consulting
- Location
- Central London
- Salary
- £60k to £70k + Benefits + Bonus
- Posted
- 21 Aug 2020
- Closes
- 21 Sep 2020
- Ref
- Specialist Area
- Building development, Contracts, projects, bids, Engineering, maintenance, Estates, property, Facilities management (main), Operations
- Job Level
- Director / Head / VP, Manager / Supervisor
- Sector
- Accountancy, Banking, Finance and Insurance, Customer Service, FM service provider, Human Resources, Information Technology, Internet / New Media, Legal, Logistics & Transport, Media, Private sector, Recruitment, Telecommunications
- Contract Type
- Permanent
- Hours
- Full Time
My client a notable Property Company is looking for a Engineering Building Manager to oversee the mobilisation and operations of a new build site in excess of 200,000sq ft..
You will have previous experience in looking after a site of a similar scale as well as exposure to setting and managing service charge budgets as well as overseeing health and safety on site therefore an IOSH or NEBOSH are also essential.
As well as management of service partners on site you will be required to engage with the end users (tenants) on a daily basis. It is imperative that clear lines of communications are forged whether written or verbal in order to operate this flag ship site.
The level of service delivery is very much focused on the tenant experience and partnering with service partners, to create a 'one team ethos' so being "customer centric" is vital to this role. There is opportunity to get involved in other developments should the opportunity present itself. This is an organisation that invest in their employees and make sure their careers develop too.
Please do visit our website at www.concrete-consulting.co.uk to find out more
Please look our GDPR policy (http://www.concrete-consulting.co.uk/Privacy.html )
To apply for this role, please email your CV to Hari Prakash by clicking on the 'apply'' button.
It is the policy of Concrete Consulting, as a matter of courtesy, to respond to all applications within three working days. However because of the volume of applications, we are sometimes unable to respond to individual candidates. If we have not contacted you within three working days your application has been unsuccessful and your details have not been retained. Please apply for any other position that you may see in the future. Thank you.
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- Estates, property Director / Head / VP Telecommunications jobs in London (Central)


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Recent events in the news have reminded us that unexpected, dangerous and stressful situations can happen anywhere: on the street corner, at the grocery store and in the workplace. While these situations are often chaotic, there are steps you can take to mentally prepare yourself to handle them better.
Tip of the Week
Recent events in the news have reminded us that unexpected, dangerous and stressful situations can happen anywhere: on the street corner, at the grocery store and in the workplace. While these situations are often chaotic, there are steps you can take to mentally prepare yourself to handle them better.
David Levine, senior vice president of Optum's Employee Assistance Program and an expert in workplace crisis response, says anyone can take steps ahead of time to prepare themselves and their workplace to better handle a tragic or emotionally disturbing event.
• Evaluate your purpose. Those who feel they are a part of something bigger than themselves tend to exhibit higher levels of resiliency after a tragedy. Workplaces that encourage volunteerism and community involvement, promote work-life balance and encourage an individual's sense of family are positioned to nurture resiliency.
• Find ways to manage your stress. Stress can contribute to a host of health issues and can affect the way your brain works. If you're already in the habit of doing things to help you cope with everyday stress, such as exercise, relaxation techniques or a hobby, that will put you at an advantage for dealing with a sudden crisis.
• Examine your relationships. Close relationships with family and friends can be invaluable at times of distress. Those with strong support networks tend to manage these challenges better and recover more quickly.
For a business owner or manager, Levine says it's important to develop a crisis response plan and make sure you are familiar with its details so that in times of need, you can respond quickly and calmly.
Focus on remembering the "ACT" crisis communication process: "Acknowledge, Communicate and Transition."
• Acknowledge and name the incident. Be visible and available, and use real language that specifically describes what occurred. Acknowledge that the incident has affected the team and you. This action can align leaders with their employees and reduce the likelihood of creating an atmosphere of blame and stagnation.
• Communicate with compassion and competence. Employees want to know that leadership cares about their safety and well-being, and is capable of leading effectively in the wake of a crisis. During these difficult times, employers and managers must "know their stuff" when it comes to the logistics of responding to a crisis, but also be able to communicate in a compassionate way.
• Begin to transition. Convey an expectation of recovery to help those who are affected make the transition to viewing themselves as a "survivor" rather than a "victim." Communicate flexible and reasonable accommodations as people progress back to "normal" life at work.
— Brandpoint


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Auto Aluminum Advances
"Our objective was to find materials that allowed us to design the truck to be as tough as the current model, yet could help it be hundreds of pounds lighter for better capability and fuel economy."
#KaiserAluminum #oem #Sapa
"Our objective was to find materials that allowed us to design the truck to be as tough – or tougher – than the current model, yet could help it be hundreds of pounds lighter for better capability and fuel economy. Out of all the materials we tested, we carefully selected only certain grades of aluminum that met our high performance standards in all of our tests, while allowing us to trim hundreds of pounds from the truck." That's Pete Friedman, manager, Ford manufacturing research, talking, of course, about the 2015 F-150, which is an aluminum-intensive vehicle.
Ford F-150 at 2014 NAIAS
Featured Content
Yes, there is a fully boxed high-strength steel frame under the skin, but the visible sheet metal on the truck is aluminum.
In 2013, Ford sold 763,402 F-Series vehicles in the U.S. (Making it the best-selling truck for 37 years running.) While not all of them have a "150" behind the hyphen, a considerable number do.
So when you're going to take the best-selling vehicle in the U.S. for 32 years straight and make it out of a material that has primarily used for the bodies of low-volume vehicles (e.g., Audi A8, all recent Jaguars), then this means you're going to be putting a considerable strain on capacity.
Ford's Aluminum Suppliers
For the F-150 Ford is working with aluminum suppliers Alcoa, Aleris Rolled Products, Kaiser Aluminum, Novelis, and Sapa.
Perhaps it is no coincidence that one day after the January 13 world premiere of the F-150 at the North American International Auto Show, Alcoa announced the completion of a $300-million expansion of its automotive aluminum sheet product plant in Davenport, Iowa.
Inside the Alcoa aluminum plant.
Alcoa is optimistic that there will be increased aluminum use by other auto makers, anticipating that the amount of sheet content in North American vehicles to increase from 2012 levels10x by 2025.
That said, what's the number-one market for aluminum right now? Packaging. As in cans, for example.
Can You Glue A Car Together?
I'm not talking about a plastic Revell model of a '57 Chevy, but a real vehicle, one that rolls off an assembly line in 1999 with another 99,999 just like it right behind. Is it possible, or is this just a fantasy of the marketing department at Elmer's?
COVER STORY: Engineering the 2017 Honda CR-V
It's the fifth generation of a vehicle that has been increasing in sales year after year since its introduction in 1997.
Ford Makes an Astounding Achievement
Ford has made an accomplishment that will never be bested, never even be tied.