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What is your stand on abortion?
The Orthodox Presbyterian Church takes a firm stand against abortion. Our reasons rest upon what the Bible teaches as to the sacredness of human life. And we hold the Bible to be the inspired, infallible Word of God.
1. In Genesis 1:26 & 27 we are told that God created mankind in His image. In Genesis 9:6 God says, "Whoever sheds man's blood, by man shall his blood be shed, for in the image of God He made man." That image distinguished man from animal creation. Once truly human, that image of God establishes the product of conception to be endless in its continuous, conscious existence.
2. The Bible teaches the fall of our first parents in the Garden of Eden (see Genesis 3). The "death" threatened is more than the cessation of bodily life. It is not only separation of soul and body, but eternal separation from the goodness of God, with divine wrath on those who die under the curse of Adam's fall as well as that which is due to actual transgressions. (See Romans 3:1-19; Mark 9:42-44; Jude (verses) 12 & 13; Revelation 20:13-15.)
3. The Bible teaches that God sent His incarnate Son, Jesus Christ, into the world to save hell-deserving sinners (John 3:16; 6:14; Acts 4:12). It further teaches that children are born sinners and need to be taught their need of salvation through Christ (Psalm 51:5; Mark 10:13-15; Matthew 18:6 & 7).
4. Finally, the Bible teaches that unborn children are human beings, beginning with conception (Luke 1:35), in which the Virgin Mary was told that when Christ was conceived in her, he was already "the Son of God." And in verses 41-44, when Mary met Elizabeth, who was pregnant with John the Baptist, Elizabeth's child leaped in her womb at the presence of Mary bearing the Christ Child.
Consequently, the Sixth Commandment (Exodus 20:13) forbids the wanton taking of human life. If the unborn child is a human being (and medical evidence underscores the biblical teaching that it is), then abortion is forbidden. One other aspect of the difference between animal and human life is that, at creation, God gave man dominion over the sub-human creatures (Genesis 1:26), but God retains dominion over His image-bearers, so that the killing of animals is not forbidden, but the killing of man is (with the exception of murderers, who may be executed by civil authorities under God's delegated authority to them as His ministers or appointed agents).
I have given you more that you asked. But what one believes is not important till you learn why he believes it. This I've tried to do.
For further information, see the Report of the Committee to Study the Matter of Abortion presented to the thirty-eighth General Assembly of the Orthodox Presbyterian Church (1971) and the Statement on Abortion adopted by the thirty-ninth General Assembly of the Orthodox Presbyterian Church (1972).
"Questions and Answers" is a weekly feature of the OPC website. The answers come from individual ministers in the Orthodox Presbyterian Church expressing their own convictions and do not necessarily represent an "official" position of the Church, especially in areas where the Standards of the Church (the Scriptures and the Westminster Confession of Faith and Catechisms) are silent.
The questions come from individuals like yourself. If you have questions about biblical and theological matters, you are invited to send them by e-mail by using the "Pose a Question" link on the OPC home page or by clicking here.
At least one new question is posted each week, so there should always be something new here for you to read. (For those people who would like to look at previous questions and answers, they will continue to be available as well.)
The purpose of the OPC website's "Questions and Answers" is to respond to biblical and theological questions. Matters of church discipline, disputes, or debates go beyond the scope of our work. We recommend that you present your concerns in these areas to the appropriate judicatory. In most cases this will be to a local pastor, elder, or session. We do not want the website to replace personal involvement in, or commitment to, the local, visible church.
While we will respond to every serious questioner, we are not bound to give a substantive answer to every question, should we deem the question to be beyond the scope of our purpose or our own ability to answer.
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|© 2020 The Orthodox Presbyterian Church
Chaplains and Military Personnel


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Fulgur Esoterica has announced the publication of "Songs for the Witch Woman," which features the work of rocket scientist Jack Parsons and his artist lover, Marjorie Cameron. Quote: "Songs for the Witch Woman is a project born from this turbulent love story. A series of poems written by Parsons reveal his feelings toward his often absent lover. And beside these words are images from the hand of Cameron, illustrating and echoing the intimate themes. After Parsons' tragic death in June 1952 we find the notebook in which this work was recorded continues, as a bereaved Cameron keeps a diary of her magical working in Lamb Canyon, California. In the dark desert her words become a raw lament as she attempts to gain contact with her Holy Guardian Angel. And throughout the working, the memory of Jack is never far from her mind. Now published more than sixty years after it was written, Songs for the Witch Woman stands as a testament to lasting power of love and loss." Find out more, here.
The Norse Mythology Blog has an excellent in-depth examination of a recent "news of the weird" story about elves in Iceland delaying a road project. As you might expect, there's more to the story, and the blog reprints a correspondence with a leading expert on elves in Iceland. Quote: "There you have it, gentle readers. Make up your own minds about the original story, the critiques, the letters and the photographs. I simply thought that the professional journalists on both sides of the issue could use a bit of reminding about original research, speaking to sources and following up on a story as it develops after the initial AP report. My faith in modern journalism keeps getting lower as, for example, I repeatedly catch reporters in the mainstream media who are writing articles by literally cutting and pasting from Wikipedia articles." Do check out the entire article.
The EarthSpirit Community shared a photo by Jenna Pope of EarthSpirit member Isobel Arthen at a student-led peaceful action in Washington DC this weekend against the Keystone XL oil pipeline. Hundreds were arrested at that action, including Chelsea Clinton, daughter of former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton. Quote: "Isobel Arthen, a member of EarthSpirit since she was born, takes a stand, putting her spirituality into action to protect our sacred Earth at the student-led XLDissent action in Washington DC on Sunday." Photographer Jenna Pope added, quote, "people zip-tied themselves to the White House fence during a Keystone XL protest today. Thousands of students from around the country marched through DC, and hundreds of them sat down in front of the White House or zip tied themselves to the fence in an act of civil disobedience." Jenna Pope's official website can be found here. More photos from the action, here.
In Other Pagan Community News:
- A formal fundraiser has been launched for author Donald Michael Kraig, to help with medical expenses while he battles cancer. Quote: "Many, many of you around the world have sent healing energies, magick and prayers. They are all appreciated and felt. In order to help offset the bills, we're asking your help to raise funds for his medical bills." More on this, here.
- Next year, two East Coast Pagan/esoteric conferences, Between The Worlds, and Sacred Space, will become a joint shared event. Quote: "The attendees will get to have the benefit of having full access to two conferences for the cost of one. Both conferences are designed to meet the continuous growth and needs of intermediate to advanced practitioners. And for 2015 both conferences chose to cooperate with each other, taking advantage of that synergy of purpose instead of engaging in destructive competition. The two organizations will move forward with the future of both conferences intact, and will also leave a legacy of an example of cooperation amongst pagan/magickal organizations."
- Musical duo Frenchy and the Punk, who have played at many Pagan events, are holding a Kickstarter to fund their next album. Quote: "We are itching to get back into the recording studio and we are scheduled to start in April so time is of the essence! We need your support so we can get in there and record a brand new CD! We will be touring in May – November all across the U.S. and in Europe and we want you to have the new CD. Pre-order the CD, combine it with other cool rewards and YOU become part of the process."
- An IndieGoGo campaign for a new oracle card set, The Burning Serpent Oracle, has already surpassed its goal, but if you like the look of the deck, now's the time to jump on board and secure a copy for yourself. Quote: "The Burning Serpent Oracle deck, including the set of 40 cards by Robert M. Place (creator of The Alchemical Tarot) and 260 page book by Rachel Pollack (author of Seventy-Eight Degrees of Wisdom), is ready for the printer. To make this happen we need to raise $9000, and so we are launching this campaign."
- The full-length version of Margot Adler's new book, "Vampires Are Us: Understanding Our Love Affair with the Immortal Dark Side," is now out! Quote: "Vampires let us play with death and the issue of mortality. They let us ponder what it would mean to be truly long lived. Would the long view allow us to see the world differently, imagine social structures differently? Would it increase or decrease our reverence for the planet? Vampires allow us to ask questions we usually bury."
That's all I have for now, have a great day!

subset: commoncrawl


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Hi folks! It's hard to believe 2010 is nearing its end, these past few months have surely flown by for me. But to start off 2011 right, the boys and I will be performing at Caffe Vivaldi (32 Jones Street, nyc, in the Washington Square Park area.) 3 times!!! January 13th, February 17th and March 17th, all from 9:15pm-11:00pm.
There will be new tunes and possibly a few cover songs but no cover charge! Come join in on the fizunnnn!
Just f.y.i. Caffe Vivaldi is a cozy intimate space with a food menu and drinks. Do it.


text: Many national news outlets and talk shows are dedicating airtime this week to discussions of anti-bullying initiatives in middle and high schools as a response to the suicides of the past month. Anderson Cooper 360 is dedicating time in each of its shows this week to general teen bullying, culminating with a Town Hall meeting on Friday to address the issue. One student he interviewed spoke about a bully who would call him "fa**ot, emo, gay, stuff like that … just because I was different from him," speculating that maybe the harassment was due to his intelligence or his taste in music. Various other attempts are also being made to address and understand the causes of these deaths. One commentary on the Huffington Post suggests that bullies are taking cues from adults that refuse to acknowledge the persistence of homophobia in our larger society. Another encourages affirming people of faith not to let anti-gay religious rhetoric prevent them from taking action. A Los Angeles Times article examines the negative impact of online social networks and other technology on interactions in the real world. But the mainstream media is still lacking in its coverage of Raymond Chase, a student at Johnson & Wales University in Providence, Rhode Island, who on Sept. 29, hanged himself in a residence hall at his university. Chase is the most recent young LGBT person to commit suicide. Chase is the most recent young LGBT person to commit suicide, by hanging himself in a residence hall of his college on September 29. Raymond's death comes at a difficult time, as it reflects the continued epidemic of suicide among young LGBT-identified people. And despite its equal significance only LGBT outlets like the Windy City Times, the Advocate, EDGE Boston, and the San Diego Gay & Lesbian News have any substantial coverage of Raymond's story as of this morning. National news have hardly reached out at all to follow up on this tragedy and include his memory. For example, although the New York Times reported extensively on the death of Tyler Clementi, a search of the website for Raymond yields no results. The Washington Post also has very little on Raymond's death This lack of coverage is especially disappointing as it continues to cast stories of LGBT people of color into the shadows. Often the stories of LGBT people of color are left out of the media. GLAAD's Senior Director of Media Programs, Rashad Robinson, recently published an editorial piece on the charges surrounding Bishop Eddie Long, touching upon the particular struggles of African Americans who identify as LGBT. Furthermore, the media is not always bringing enough professional opinion and advice into its coverage. Although editorials have been written on the difficulties in the lives of LGBT teenagers, the same articles do not always include resources to guide troubled teenagers towards help. And while a segment on Larry King Live yesterday did include a brief interview with the mother of Justin Aaberg, a gay young man from Minnesota who committed suicide on July 9, the overwhelming majority of guests were celebrities like Lance Bass and Kathy Griffin. Although celebrities are a great way to draw attention to this issue, expert voices are also vitally important to this conversation. But overall we applaud Larry King Live for shining a bright spotlight on anti-gay bullying, and directing young people in crisis to the Trevor Project numerous times throughout the broadcast. GLAAD supports media efforts to address the anti-LGBT sentiments that contributed to the deaths of Justin Aaberg, Seth Walsh, Asher Brown, Billy Lucas, Tyler Clementi, Raymond Chase, and the many other young people who suffer from thoughts of depression or suicide. GLAAD will continue to monitor and report on this coverage to ensure fair representations of the victims and to encourage positive social change. ** Daryl Hannah, GLAAD's Media Field Strategist, and Angela Dallara, GLAAD's National News/Transgender Advocacy Fellow, contributed to this report.


text: A genetic mutation that alters the kinetics of an ion channel in red blood cells has been identified as the cause of a hereditary anemia, according to a paper published online on March 4, 2013 in PNAS by University at Buffalo (UB) scientists and colleagues. The research team was led by Frederick Sachs, Ph.D., State University of New York Distinguished Professor in the UB Department of Physiology and Biophysics, who discovered in the 1980s that some ion channels are mechanosensitive, that is, they convert mechanical stress into electrical or biochemical signals. The findings of the new study are significant, Dr. Sachs says, because it is the first time that defects in a mechanosensitive ion channel have been implicated as the cause of a disease. "We found that the mutations in the gene that codes for the ion channel called PIEZO1 causes the channel to stay open too long, causing an ion leak in red cells," explains Dr. Sachs. "Calcium and sodium enter, and potassium leaves, and that affects the ability of the red cell to regulate its volume. The cells become dehydrated and can break open, releasing their hemoglobin into the blood, and causing symptoms, such as the shortness of breath seen in anemic patients." The anemia that results from the mutations in PIEZO1 is called familial xerocytosis, a mild to moderate form of anemia. The ion channel, PIEZO1, is about 10 nanometers across, and it increases its dimensions significantly upon opening; that change in dimensions is what is responsible for its mechanical sensitivity. Mechanosensitive ion channels are likely to play a role in many diseases, because all cells are mechanically sensitive. Dr. Sachs and his colleagues have worked on activation of these channels in Duchenne muscular dystrophy, which is caused by errors in a gene coding for a fibrous protein that reinforces the cell membrane. The increased stress caused by this loss of reinforcement causes the channels to open and the leakage of calcium is likely what causes the muscles to atrophy, Dr. Sachs explains. Dr. Sachs and colleagues at UB founded a biotech company (Tonus Therapeutics) in Buffalo in order to create a therapy for muscular dystrophy based on a peptide they discovered that inhibits the channels involved in that disease. They originally discovered the peptide in a tarantula venom but now it is synthesized chemically. The peptide has received orphan drug designation from the FDA. "We were pleased to find that our spider venom peptide also inhibits the PIEZO1 channel," says Dr. Sachs. "This means our peptide could be a potential therapy in blood diseases, where there are defects in the ways that red blood cells regulate cell volume," he says. In normal cells, he says, the mechanosensitive ion channels usually remain closed. "I think the cells use them as emergency valves so the only time they open is when cells are under extreme stress," he explains. "Consequently, our peptide doesn't bother healthy cells, so it's nontoxic. It only affects unhealthy cells, cells which are mechanically stressed." Co-authors with Dr. Sachs were Dr. Philip Gottlieb and postdoctoral fellows Chilman Bae, Radhakrishnan Gnanasambandam, and Christopher L. Nicolai, all in the Department of Physiology and Biophysics of the UB School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences. [Press release] [PNAS abstract]


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Labor shortage cutting across all industries
A recent report in the Mainichi Shimbun says that Japan's number one gyudon (beef bowl) chain has seen its business suffer due to lack of workers. Sukiya's policy is 24-hour service, but in many areas the company can't find part-timers who are willing to come in during the wee hours. The company has shortened operating hours at about 250 outlets, and a few have even been closed altogether due to the labor shortage. The Mainichi reporter talked to some former Sukiya part-timers who said when they worked the midnight shift they often ended up all by themselves, meaning they had to do everything — cook, wait on customers, clean up, etc. — alone. Besides being nerve-wracking, the job wasn't worth the wage that Sukiya was paying, so they quit.
Sukiya isn't the only restaurant company that's having this problem. Watami, the popular izakaya (drinking establishment) chain that has been called by some a burakku kigyo (a "black company" that exploits its workers), has announced it will close about 60 outlets by the end of the year, which represents 10 percent of all their stores, though the company characterizes this move as being more about rationalization. More personnel will be employed at the remaining outlets in order "to improve the work environment."
There's a certain self-relexive irony at work here since the success of chain restaurants in the past 10 years or so was built on a greater reliance on part-time workers, for whom companies don't have to provide benefits and whose hours and wages can be managed more flexibly. Invariably, the point is to save money so that the chain can be more competitive in terms of prices, but with the labor shortage expanding into other industries, part-timers don't have to work for restaurants, which notoriously don't pay well and usually involve evening and night work.
Consequently, to keep the part-timers it wants, restaurant chains are having to increase wage offers in want ads, a move that runs counter to the part-time strategy.


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Google Inc has unveiled a set of fashionable prescription frames and shades for its Glass Internet-connected eyewear in an image makeover to give it broader appeal before a mass launch in the United States later this year.
Google also announced a deal with Vision Service Plan, the largest U.S. optical health insurance provider, that will allow consumers to get prescription lenses specially fitted to the device.
A stamp-sized electronic screen mounted on the side of a pair of eyeglass frames, Google Glass can record video, access email, provide turn-by-turn driving directions and retrieve info from the Web by connecting wirelessly to a user's cell phone.
The version of Glass available until now was mounted on a titanium band that rested on the bridge of the wearer's nose, resembling a pair of glasses without lenses and inspiring a bit of ridicule - from a parody on "Saturday Night Live" to a popular blog poking fun at its users.
Google's website on Monday showed off a new selection of four different frames, in styles including "Bold" and "Curve", available for $225 each, and a couple of different sunglass shades for $150 each.
"This new collection marks a step into an entirely new category of smart eyewear," Google said in a statement.
Google said it has been training an unspecified number of VSP eye care specialists in New York, San Francisco and Los Angeles to combine the device and special Glass frames with prescription lenses.
Consumers who have VSP's insurance, VSP Vision Care, will be able to receive a reimbursement on the special Glass frames up to the allowance provided with their current vision benefit, Google said.
A Google spokeswoman said there were financial terms to the partnership with VSP, but declined to provide any details.
Glass is currently available only to a limited number of early users in the U.S. for $1,500, a price that Google says will be lower when the consumer version of Glass goes on sale to the general public towards the end of 2014.
Many believe wearable computers such as Google Glass represent the next big shift in technology, just as smartphones evolved from personal computers. Glass has also unnerved everyone from lawmakers to casino operators worried about the potential for hitherto unimagined privacy and policy violations.


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Oh my GUD
Jump to navigation
Do the preparation task first. Then watch the video and do the exercises. Remember you can read the transcript at any time.
Presenter: Every resort town in the US has a candy store, but one store in Pismo Beach, California, goes beyond the usual taffy and caramel apples. If Hotlix has its way, Americans will be snacking on everything from caterpillars and cockroaches to mealworm-covered apples.
Larry Peterman is a candyman on a mission. For more than a decade he's been promoting a valuable food source that most Americans find revolting. In a land of plenty, people resist. Larry knows why. From an early age, parents teach children to avoid insects.
Larry Peterman: In our culture, from the time that we're really small, we're taught to avoid insects. They might bite you like a mosquito, or just swat them.
This has got a good cricket in it!
Presenter: But kids aren't the only ones munching on bugs. Around the world, more than 1,400 insect species show up on menus. Insect eating, or entomophagy, is part of healthy diets in Asia, Africa, Australia and Latin America. This trend is anything but new. Archaeologists have found evidence of it dating to the earliest humans.
Advocates of insect-eating like to note that it's environmentally sound. Producing a pound of caterpillar takes a tenth of the resources needed to produce a pound of beef. And insects brim with vitamins and minerals. But despite all the benefits, most Americans can't stomach bugs.
Waiter: Welcome, welcome, welcome! Have a seat!
Presenter: Unlike Larry Peterman, who celebrates them at his dinner parties. The evening begins with Larry's version of the classic shrimp cocktail.
Larry Peterman: We've just finished preparing a cricket cocktail. It's a lot like a shrimp cocktail, only instead of shrimp we use crickets.
OK, folks, here's the first course! Now, enjoy!
While you're enjoying this, I'm going down and I'll get your next course.
Presenter: The main course is a stir-fry, with a special garnish.
Larry Peterman: Here we go! Dinner is served!
Dinner guests: Get ready … OK … uno, dos … three … go!
Presenter: Several courses later, Larry presents his pièce de résistance.
Larry Peterman: OK! Here it is, folks! What you've been waiting for!
Dinner guest: Oh no!
Larry Peterman: Now, don't let anybody dive in until everyone's been served, please!
We call it a Pismo Surfer. What it is is a banana with whipped cream, and a really good cockroach on it. You don't have to eat the wings, you don't have to eat the head, unless you want to.
Dinner guest: Do you know where this cockroach has been?
Dinner guest: How does it taste?
Larry Peterman: We can do another one next week if you like!
Presenter: Larry predicts he'll eventually win people over.
Larry Peterman: As we become more and more insect food-oriented, our tastes are going to change, and so I see a niche for somebody that does gourmet insects. Could have some snob appeal, like people taste flies and, 'Mmm, this is good. Hey, this bug is good!'
What do you think about eating insects? Would you be brave enough to go to one of Larry's dinner parties?
Oh my GUD
Well, I would never eat insects, because, oh I don't know, they're disgusting. ;)
I've never eaten and I think will never eat. It's really disgusting.
i would like to try eating insects. You'll never know if you don't try ^^ Besides, they are nutrious and are our alternative food in the future. Let's hope it's not bitter :))
In the future population of people might reach a great number, this will lead to a food shortage. I guess that is the reason everyone will start eating insects. But now there is no way I would try them!
It's incredible to see what people can eat for stand out from other. Human love eccentricity...
Eww... Someone is going to vomit here.
omg .. i can't eat it in jordan we can kill this insect it is not to eat in jordan
That's fine! I think I will try it! Because I'm always hungry!
ok it might be not harmful . but that feeling that something soooooooooooo nasty alive and play in your mouth oh godddddddddddd , disgusting im never gonna try this
I wouldn't do it for the world ! >.<
yak ! ı hate insects
its disgusting what is that?????????/
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii YuK !!!!
Is very disgusting!!! x_x I will never, never eat insects...
Not brave at all. I would never try, it's so disgusting...
i think is disgusting eating insects..
Thank you very much Jonathan
best wishes :)
can you please change again the name of my account and make it Ilda G????
Let me know if this is possible :)
Hi Ilda! No problem, here you go. Thanks for all your comments on the site. I'm really enjoying reading them!
Jonathan (LearnEnglish Teens Team)
I hate insects... :((
People,insects are very tasty I have tried them. i don't eat them usually but They are really not that bad. It is just because you cannot imagine them ,drooly and disguisting in your mouths. It is just a predjudice. :D
To be honest, I can't have watched it till the end. I stopped in the middle I guess. The only thought about eating 'em makes me feel sick. I would never try it!
Never. Ever. That's just growse.
uffffffffff i hate insects
I do not like to eat insects
all say that they have many necessary vitamins I still do not want to try.....
Yummy! Insects are very delicate with ice cream, and a good old piece of pizza slice
i hate them
i hate insects
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Nicolas Paris
Chief Executive Officer
Nicolas Paris, CEO of Gilson, Inc., is a marketing data scientist and an expert in sustainable development of businesses in the lab instrumentation industry. He has a creative mind dedicated to innovation and he values openness, achievement, and trust. He earned his master's degree in marketing and finance and also a master's degree in direct marketing and data management from University of Lille, France and Wolfgang Goëthe University of Frankfurt, Germany. His early professional years were dedicated to international marketing management and product management within the automotive industry which led to executive positions at Gilson. During his career, he has delivered numerous awarded products and services spanning both the biotech and high-tech industries. He became a pioneer of wearable technologies at Eyeneo, and was at the forefront of developing the first multimedia eyewear. Paris is a significant change agent and instrumental in adapting companies to the evolving global scientific and technical markets. Growing up in France and having spent most of his life travelling and working in different countries, he has finally made Madison, WI his home, where he is married and raising a happy bi-cultural family.
Robert Olson
Chief Financial Officer
Robert (Bob) Olson, CFO of Gilson, Inc., is a CPA with a particular interest in information systems. Bob holds a BBA from the University of Wisconsin-Madison and a JD from the University of Minnesota. He spent his early career with CPA firms in Chicago and Madison before coming to work for Gilson in 1995. Successes include seeing the company through multiple systems changes and upgrades and linking disparate systems, all while meeting the company's obligations to its customers, vendors, employees and shareholders. Olson is married, enjoys reading and time with family and friends, and is looking forward to building a new home in the next several years.
Dirk Freystadt
Senior Vice President, Portfolio Management
Dirk Freystadt, SVP Portfolio Management, is proficient in product marketing and liquid handling. He graduated from the University of Essen, Germany with a degree in chemical engineering. His educational accomplishments propelled him into a fruitful career where he focused on product management and marketing, centered primarily on liquid handling. Freystadt's penchant for discovering how customers connect to the products they purchase, combined with his specialized credentials, create a dynamic force within Gilson. He takes pride in embracing different cultural backgrounds and team building through autonomy within each role, which he's shown cultivates success. This type of collaborative workplace where leadership takes center stage is one where he and his team prosper and one where he feels truly fulfilled. Freystadt spends his free time building and programming computers, taking photographs, motorcycling, and spending time with his wife and two daughters.
Etienne Chamault
Senior Vice President, Global Operations
Etienne Chamault, SVP Global Operations, is a self-proclaimed entrepreneur whose technical and business diversity routinely allow him to integrate disparate corporate concerns into focused solutions. A graduate of business from Group ESC Troyes, France, Chamault delights when professionalism meets out-of-the-box thinking and when projects can be executed with collaboration. Chamault enjoys traveling when he's not at the office and his favorite trips so far include Australia and frequent visits to the U.S. Besides seeing the world, you'll find Chamault behind a camera or on a bicycle, taking in the scenery.
Kevin Barrett
Senior Vice President, Corporate Development
Kevin Barrett, SVP Corporate Development, has extensive experience in national sales management, product development, OEM management, and business development. With over 36 years in commercial roles within the drug discovery and life sciences field, Barrett attributes his success and longevity in his career to being a technical, collaborative, and committed individual. After graduating with a bachelor's degree in Biology from the University of Salford, UK, he began his career as a sales representative and quickly progressed, eventually becoming the CEO and co-owner of Innovadyne Technologies California. Barrett now calls Middleton home, but spends at least three months of the year in Europe. Whether in the States or overseas, in addition to work, he enjoys spending time with family, playing golf, and contributing as a member of two advisory boards.
Molly Gilson
Senior Vice President, People and Culture
Molly Gilson is SVP of People and Culture for Gilson. In her 10+ years at Gilson, Molly has also held leadership roles in sales, service, and business unit management. In those roles, she has achieved record sales growth, alignment of management teams, and ongoing talent acquisition and development. Her innate practicality and inquisitive disposition have aided in her accomplishments. She is passionate about Gilson's commitment to its customers as well as its employees, and thrives on helping others to succeed and grow. Prior to joining Gilson, Molly practiced law in Chicago. She holds a bachelor degree in history from the University of Wisconsin and a J.D. from Northwestern University. Outside of the office, Molly enjoys spending time with her family, cooking, and traveling.


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PUC spokesman Terry Hadley said the analysis — to cover the territory of the Electric Reliability Council of Texas (Ercot), which manages 75% of the state's electricity market — will be completed before January, when state legislators re-convene. The commission will hold a public stakeholder meeting. Ercot operates the grid for almost all of Texas, where wind power now provides about 10% of load.
Texas, which has the most installed wind power of any US state, is often portrayed as the model of how wind-friendly transmission should be built and financed. Not only do consumers bear most transmission costs — unusual for a US state — but $7 billion in wind-friendly transmission was completed in 2013, America's largest programme of this kind.
The new 345kV transmission lines deliver up to 18GW of wind energy from five competitive renewable energy zones (CREZs) in west Texas to load centres in the south and east of the state.
The PUC will look at the cost of prospective system upgrades in Ercot's territory, ancillary transmission services and the transmission planning process for renewables, as well as "problems that have arisen as part of the CREZ build-out", wrote chairwoman Donna Nelson in a 29 May memo to fellow commissioners. "I would like to explore the costs of system upgrades, the costs to maintain and operate the current system, and the allocation of those costs specifically related to renewable resources."
"We all knew this was coming," said Michael Goggin, research director at the American Wind Energy Association. "It would be a total reversal of longstanding practice." Indeed a few years ago, Texas regulators studied the issue and decided not to act. Jeff Clark, executive director of the Texas-based Wind Coalition, said: "We are happy to have a discussion about wind because we know the facts are in our corner."
In April, Ercot reported that the Texas Panhandle is attracting an unexpected amount of interest from wind developers, and that the new CREZ transmission lines may therefore need an $675 million upgrade. Some 10GW is planned in the Panhandle, whereas the CREZ lines are meant to accommodate 2.4GW.
Nelson, in the 29 May memo, said that the remoteness of many wind projects in Texas — coupled with what he described as wind's variability — can lead to grid instability and extra integration costs. Wind proponents disagree, saying that grid stability is easy to alleviate and that she is exaggerating wind's integration costs.
Nelson is pushing hard for the re-assessment. She has in the past criticised the wind production tax credit (PTC), even although it is a federal policy and not in her purview. A proportion of her three-page memo was about the PTC. It stated: "The federal [PTC] distorts wholesale electric markets... While this commission has no ability to change what Congress does, we do have an obligation to Texans to periodically review whether our rules appropriately assign cost to those who cause those costs."
An anonymous source said that Nelson seems to want to shift costs to wind to compensate for the PTC. "I think she is trying to do as much harm as possible to renewable energy before she leaves office [in August]," the source added, saying that the upcoming re-evaluation has already had a "chilling effect" on new wind development because of the uncertainty. Or, as Luke Lewandowski, an analyst at Make Consulting, put it: "The project economics for wind are already thin. I think that any extra cost would create far more of a challenge."


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Brewers hope Francisco's new stance pays dividends
ATLANTA -- Juan Francisco, whose extended second-half slump has called into question whether he will fit the Brewers' plan for 2014, debuted a significant change to his hitting approach on Sunday night that manager Ron Roenicke believes will play dividends in the future.
Appearing as a pinch-hitter in the seventh inning, Francisco eliminated the leg kick that has preceded his swing -- a swing that has produced 134 strikeouts and 18 home runs in 338 at-bats between the Braves and Brewers this season. It was up to Roenicke and Brewers hitting coach Johnny Narron to convince Francisco to make an adjustment.
"Johnny showed him some film of some of these great hitters," Roenicke said. "He showed him [Albert] Pujols and how he goes with that wide stance, doesn't stride. These big guys, if you look at a lot of them, they don't do much. There's hardly any action going on. Look at [Joey] Votto, there's not much going on. David Ortiz, there's not a whole lot going on. He likes [Blue Jays slugger Edwin] Encarnacion because they're friends. Encarnacion has a little leg kick, but it's just up and down real quick.
"A lot of these big, strong guys are really quiet, really simple. I think he should be one of those guys that's able to do that. He's so strong, he's still going to hit balls 500 feet doing that, but he's going to square them up more often."
Who approached whom?
"Well, sometimes you can wait around and wait for the player to come to you, and sometimes you're proactive. We needed to be proactive," Roenicke said. "We had talked at the very beginning about it, and it's not just us. He's got his own teammates telling him the same thing. The guys that he respects and listens to, they're telling him the same thing."
Francisco, acquired from Atlanta in early June and converted from third base to first, has seen his playing time diminish dramatically in recent weeks due to a long slump. Since a two-homer game at Texas on Aug. 14, Francisco went 7-for-59 with one home run, two RBIs and a whopping 30 strikeouts.
The Brewers hope Francisco continues working on the adjustment in the Dominican Winter League. He is committed to play for Licey.
In his pinch-hit at-bat on Sunday night, Francisco grounded out sharply to first base.
"I don't know -- that was a really good at-bat," Roenicke said. "He saw the ball well and he ended up smoking a ball for an out, but he hit it well. I think if he does that, I'm excited about that stance and what I think can happen with that stance."


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RIM-161 Standard Missile 3
A RIM-161 Standard Missile (SM-3) is launched from the Aegis cruiser USS Lake Erie
|Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense System
|Place of origin
|United States, Japan (Block IIA)
|Service history
|Used by
United States Navy
Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force
|Production history
|Raytheon, Aerojet, (Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Block IIA)
|Unit cost
US$9–24 million[1] (2011)
US$11.2m(FY2014)[2] (Block 1B)
|1.5 t
|6.55 m (21 ft 6 in)
34.3 cm (13.5 in) for Block I missiles
53.3 cm (21 in) for Block II
|Lightweight Exo-Atmospheric Projectile (LEAP) kinetic warhead
|1.57 m (62 in)
Stage 1: MK 72 Booster, solid-fuel, Aerojet
Stage 2: MK 104 Dual Thrust Rocket Motor (DTRM), solid-fuel, Aerojet
Stage 3: MK 136 Third Stage Rocket Motor (TSRM), solid-fuel, ATK
Stage 4: Throttleable Divert and Attitude Control System (TDACS), [Aerojet]
700 km (378 miles) Block IA/B
2,500 km (1,350 miles) Block IIA [3][N 1]
|GPS/INS/semi-active radar homing/passive LWIR infrared homing seeker (KW)
The RIM-161 Standard Missile 3 (SM-3) is a ship-based missile system used by the United States Navy to intercept short-to intermediate-range ballistic missiles as a part of Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense System.[4] Although primarily designed as an anti-ballistic missile, the SM-3 has also been employed in an anti-satellite capacity against a satellite at the lower end of low Earth orbit.[5] The SM-3 is primarily used and tested by the United States Navy and also operated by the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force.
Motivation and development
The SM-3 evolved from the proven SM-2 Block IV design. The SM-3 uses the same solid rocket booster and dual thrust rocket motor as the Block IV missile for the first and second stages and the same steering control section and midcourse missile guidance for maneuvering in the atmosphere. To support the extended range of an exo-atmospheric intercept, additional missile thrust is provided in a new third stage for the SM-3 missile, containing a dual pulse rocket motor for the early exo-atmospheric phase of flight.[6]
Initial work was done to adapt SM-3 for land deployment ("Aegis ashore") to especially accommodate the Israelis, but they then chose to pursue their own system, the NATO code-name Arrow 3. A group in the Obama administration envisioned a European Phased Adaptive Approach (EPAA) and SM-3 was chosen as the main vector of this effort because the competing U.S. THAAD does not have enough range and would have required too many sites in Europe to provide adequate coverage. Compared to the GMD's Ground-Based Interceptor however, the SM-3 Block I has about 1⁄5 to 1⁄6 of the range. A significant improvement in this respect, the SM-3 Block II variant widens the missile's diameter from 0.34 m (13.5 in) to .53 m (21 in), making it more suitable against intermediate-range ballistic missiles.[7]
The highly modified Block IIA missile shares only the first-stage motor with the Block I. The Block IIA was "designed to allow for Japan to protect against a North Korean attack with fewer deployed ships" but it is also the key element of the EPAA phase 3 deployment in Europe. The Block IIA is being jointly developed by Raytheon and Mitsubishi Heavy Industries; the latter manages "the third-stage rocket motor and nose cone". The U.S. budgeted cost to date is $1.51 billion for the Block IIA.[8]
Operation and performance
The ship's AN/SPY-1 radar finds the ballistic missile target and the Aegis weapon system calculates a solution on the target. When the missile is ordered to launch, the Aerojet MK 72 solid-fuel rocket booster launches the SM-3 out of the ship's Mark 41 vertical launching system (VLS). The missile then establishes communication with the launching ship. Once the booster burns out, it detaches, and the Aerojet MK 104 solid-fuel dual thrust rocket motor (DTRM) takes over propulsion through the atmosphere. The missile continues to receive mid-course guidance information from the launching ship and is aided by GPS data. The ATK MK 136 solid-fueled third-stage rocket motor (TSRM) fires after the second stage burns out, and it takes the missile above the atmosphere (if needed). The TSRM is pulse fired and provides propulsion for the SM-3 until 30 seconds to intercept.
At that point the third stage separates, and the Lightweight Exo-Atmospheric Projectile (LEAP) kinetic warhead (KW) begins to search for the target using pointing data from the launching ship. The Aerojet throttleable divert and attitude control system (TDACS) allows the kinetic warhead to maneuver in the final phase of the engagement. The KW's sensors identify the target, attempt to identify the most lethal part of the target and steers the KW to that point. If the KW intercepts the target, it provides 130 megajoules (96,000,000 ft·lbf, 31 kg TNT equivalent) of kinetic energy at the point of impact.[9]
Independent studies by some physics experts have raised some significant questions about the missile's success rate in hitting targets.[10][11][12] In a published response, the Defense Department claimed that these findings were invalid, as the analysts used some early launches as their data, when those launches were not significant to the overall program.[13] The DoD stated:
... the first tests [used] prototype interceptors; expensive mock warheads weren't used in the tests since specific lethality capability wasn't a test objective—the objective was to hit the target missile. Contrary to the assertions of Postol and Lewis, all three tests resulted in successful target hits with the unitary ballistic missile target destroyed. This provided empirical evidence that ballistic missile intercepts could in fact be accomplished at sea using interceptors launched from Aegis ships.
After successful completion of these early developmental tests, the test program progressed from just "hitting the target" to one of determining lethality and proving the operationally configured Aegis SM-3 Block I and SM-3 Block 1A system. These tests were the MDA's most comprehensive and realistic test series, resulting in the Operational Test and Evaluation Force's October 2008 Evaluation Report stating that Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense Block 04 3.6 System was operationally effective and suitable for transition to the Navy.
Since 2002, a total of 19 SM-3 missiles have been fired in 16 different test events resulting in 16 intercepts against threat-representative full-size and more challenging subscale unitary and full-size targets with separating warheads. In addition, a modified Aegis BMD/SM-3 system successfully destroyed a malfunctioning U.S. satellite by hitting the satellite in the right spot to negate the hazardous fuel tank at the highest closure rate of any ballistic missile defense technology ever attempted.
The authors of the SM-3 study cited only tests involving unitary targets, and chose not to cite the five successful intercepts in six attempts against separating targets, which, because of their increased speed and small size, pose a much more challenging target for the SM-3 than a much larger unitary target missile. They also did not mention the fact the system is successfully intercepting targets much smaller than probable threat missiles on a routine basis, and have attained test scores that many other Defense Department programs aspire to attain.[13]
In an October 25, 2012 test, a SM-3 Block IA failed to intercept a SRBM.[14] In May 2013 however a SM-3 Block IB was successful against a "complex, separating short-range ballistic missile target with a sophisticated separating mock warhead", making it "the third straight successful test of Raytheon's SM-3 Block IB, after a target was missed on its first intercept attempt in September 2011."[15]
On 4 October 2013, an SM-3 Block IB eliminated the medium-range ballistic missile target at the highest altitude of any test to date. The test was the 26th successful intercept for the SM-3 program and the fifth back-to-back successful test of the SM-3 Block IB missile. Post-mission data showed that the intercept was slightly lower than anticipated, but the systems adjusted to ensure the missile intercepted the target. The SM-3 Block IB is expected to be delivered for service in 2015.[16]
On 6 June 2015, an SM-3 Block IIA was successfully tested. The test evaluated the performance of the missile's nosecone, steering control, and the separation of its booster, and second and third stages. No intercept was planned, and no target missile was launched.[17]
In October 2016, Russian officials claimed research simulations of U.S. ballistic missile defense systems showed the SM-3 Block IIA was capable of intercepting missiles not only at the middle stage of their flight path, but earlier in the initial acceleration stage before the separation of their warheads.[18]
The SM-3 Block IA version provides an incremental upgrade to improve reliability and maintainability at a reduced cost.
The SM-3 Block IB, due in 2010, offers upgrades which include an advanced two-color infrared seeker, and a 10-thruster solid throttling divert and attitude control system (TDACS/SDACS) on the kill vehicle to give it improved capability against maneuvering ballistic missiles or warheads. Solid TDACS is a joint Raytheon/Aerojet project, but Boeing supplies some components of the kinetic warhead. With Block IB and associated ship-based upgrades, the Navy gains the ability to defend against medium range missiles and some Intermediate Range Ballistic Missiles.
SM-3 Block II will widen the missile body to 21 in and decrease the size of the maneuvering fins. It will still fit in Mk41 vertical launch systems, and the missile will be faster and have longer range.
The SM-3 Block IIA is a joint Raytheon/Mitsubishi Heavy Industries project, Block IIA will add a larger diameter kill vehicle that is more maneuverable, and carries another sensor/ discrimination upgrade. It's currently scheduled to debut around 2015, whereupon the Navy will have a weapon that can engage some intercontinental ballistic missiles.[19]
|SM-3 Block I
|Development version. The SM-3 Block I uses the basic SM-2ER Block IVA airframe and propulsion
|SM-3 Block IA
|SM-3 Block IB
|Passed critical design review on 13 July 2009.
|SM-3 Block II
|None to date
|SM-3 Block IIA
Table sources, reference material:[20][21][22]
A further SM-3 Block IIB was "conceived for fielding in Europe around 2022".[23] In March 2013, Defense Secretary Chuck Hagel announced that the development program of the SM-3 Block IIB, also known as the "next generation AEGIS missile" (NGAM), was undergoing restructuring. Under Secretary James N. Miller was quoted saying that "We no longer intend to add them [SM-3 Block IIB] to the mix, but we'll continue to have the same number of deployed interceptors in Poland that will provide coverage for all of NATO in Europe", explaining that Poland is scheduled instead for the deployment of "about 24 SM-3 IIA interceptors – same timeline, same footprint of U.S. forces to support that."[24] A US defense official was quoted saying that "The SM3 IIB phase four interceptors that we are now not going to pursue never existed other than on Power Points; it was a design objective."[25] Daniel Nexon connected the backpedaling of the administration on the Block IIB development with pre-election promises made by Obama to Dmitry Medvedev.[26] Pentagon spokesman George E. Little denied however that Russian objections played any part in the decision.[27]
Operational history
United States
Missile defense
In September 2009, President Obama announced plans to scrap plans for missile defense sites in East Europe, in favor of missile defense systems located on US Navy warships.[28] On 18 September 2009, Russian Prime Minister Putin welcomed Obama's plans for missile defense which may include stationing American Aegis armed warships in the Black Sea.[29][30] This deployment began to occur that same month, with the deployment of Aegis-equipped warships with the RIM-161 SM-3 missile system, which complements the Patriot systems already deployed by American units.[31][32]
In February 2013, a SM-3 intercepted a test IRBM target using tracking data from a satellite for the first time.[33][34]
On 23 April 2014, Raytheon announced that the U.S. Navy and the Missile Defense Agency had started to deploy the SM-3 Block 1B missile operationally. The deployment starts the second phase of the Phased Adaptive Approach (PAA) adopted in 2009 to protect Europe from Iranian ballistic missile threats.[35]
On February 14, 2008, U.S. officials announced plans to use a modified SM-3 missile launched from a group of three ships in the North Pacific to destroy the failed American satellite USA-193 at an altitude of 130 nautical miles (240 kilometers) shortly before atmospheric reentry. Officials publicly stated that the intention was to "reduce the danger to human beings" due to the release of toxic hydrazine fuel carried on board,[36][37] but in secret dispatches, US officials indicated that the strike was, in fact, military in nature.[38] A spokesperson stated that software associated with the SM-3 had been modified to enhance the chances of the missile's sensors recognizing that the satellite was its target, since the missile was not designed for ASAT operations.
On February 21, 2008 at 03:26 UTC, the Ticonderoga-class guided-missile cruiser USS Lake Erie fired a single SM-3 missile, hit and successfully destroyed the satellite, with a closing velocity of about 22,783 mph (36,667 km/h) while the satellite was 247 kilometers (133 nautical miles) above the Pacific Ocean.[39][40] USS Decatur, USS Russell as well as other land, air, sea and space-based sensors were involved in the operation.[41][42]
In December 2007, Japan conducted a successful test of an SM-3 block IA aboard JDS Kongō against a ballistic missile. This was the first time a Japanese ship was employed to launch the interceptor missile during a test of the Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense System. In previous tests the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force had provided tracking and communications.[43][44]
In November 2008 a second Japanese-American joint test was performed from JDS Chōkai which was unsuccessful. Following a failure review board, JFTM-3 occurred launching from JDS Myōkō resulting in a successful intercept in October 2009.[45]
October 28, 2010 a successful test was performed from JDS Kirishima. The U.S. Navy's Pacific Missile Range Facility on Kauai launched the ballistic missile target. The crew of Kirishima, operating off the coast of Kauai, detected and tracked the target before firing a SM-3 Block IA missile.[46][47]
The Japanese Defense Ministry is considering allocating money in the fiscal 2015 state budget for research on introducing the ground-based SM-3. Japanese ballistic missile defense strategy involves ship-based SM-3s to intercept missiles in space, while land-based Patriot PAC-3 missiles shoot down missiles SM-3s fail to intercept. Due to concern that PAC-3s could not respond to massive numbers of missiles fired simultaneously, and that the Maritime Self-Defense Force needs Aegis destroyers for other missions, basing SM-3s on land would be able to intercept more missiles earlier. With a coverage radius of 500 km (310 mi), three missile posts could defend all of Japan; launch pads can be disassembled, moved to other locations, and rebuilt in 5–10 days. Ground-basing of the SM-3 is dubbed "Aegis Ashore."[48] By October 2016, Japan was considering procuring either Aegis Ashore or THAAD to add a new missile defense layer.[49]
NATO host countries
On July 3, 2010, Poland and the United States signed an amended agreement for missile defense under whose terms land-based SM-3 systems would be installed in Poland at Redzikowo. This configuration was accepted as a tested and available alternative to missile interceptors that were proposed during the Bush administration but which are still under development. U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, present at the signing in Kraków along with Polish Foreign Minister Radoslaw Sikorski, stressed that the missile defense program was aimed at deterring threats from Iran, and posed no challenge to Russia.[50] As of March 2013, Poland is scheduled to host "about 24 SM3 IIA interceptors"[24] in 2018.[51] This deployment is part of phase 3 of the European Phased Adaptive Approach (EPAA).[52]
In 2010/2011 the US government announced plans to station land-based SM-3s (Block IB) in Romania at Deveselu starting in 2015,[53][54] part of phase 2 of EPAA.[52] There are some tentative plans to upgrade them to Block IIA interceptors around 2018 as well (EPAA phase 3). In March 2013, a US defense official was quoted saying "The Romanian cycle will start out in 2015 with the SM-3 IB; that system is in fly testing now and doing quite well. We are very confident it is on track and on budget, with very good test results. We are fully confident the missile we are co-developing with Japan, the SM-3 IIA, will have proved in fly testing, once we get to that phase. Assuming success in that fly testing, then we will have ready the option of upgrading the Romanian site to the SM-3 IIA, either all of the interceptor tubes or we'll have a mix. We have to make that decision. But both options will be there."[25]
The SM-3 Block IIB (currently in development for EPAA phase 4[52]) was considered for deployment to Romania as well (around 2022[23]), but a GAO report released Feb. 11, 2013 found that "SM-3 Block 2B interceptors launched from Romania would have difficulty engaging Iranian ICBMs launched at the United States because it lacks the range. Turkey is a better option, but only if the interceptors can be launched within 100 miles of the launch site and early enough to hit targets in their boost phase, an engagement scenario that presents a whole new set of challenges. The best basing option is in the North Sea, but making the SM-3 Block 2B ship compatible could add significantly to its cost".[55] The troubles of the Block IIB program however do not affect the planned Block IB deployments in Romania.[25][56]
Current operators
Potential operators
- Turkey is considering the SM-3s for its upcoming TF-2000 frigate program. Instead of Aegis guidance, Turkey plans on integrating a more advanced version of Havelsan's Genesis architecture and a phased array radar built by Aselsan.[57] Genesis is currently jointly offered with Raytheon as a C4ISR upgrade for Oliver Hazard Perry-class frigates around the world.[58]
- SM-3 launch from USS Lake Erie, 2005
- SM-3 launch from USS Shiloh, 2006
- SM-3 climb from USS Decatur, 2007
- SM-3 climb from USS Lake Erie, 2008
See also
- ↑ Range and ceiling figures based on absolute 700s capability shown for Block IIA missile in Figure 4 at linked source—"Breaking Defense".[3] Intercept capability against an SS-19 Stiletto launched from Kaliningrad against New York is shown as approximately 1,200 km range and 900 km ceiling for a North Sea intercept. Range and ceiling against a hypothetical Iranian ICBM launched against the same target is shown as approximately 1,200 km and 1,050 km respectively in Figure 3 of the same source for an intercept coming from Redzikowo, Poland.</ref>[3]Speed
3 km/s (Mach 10.2) Block IA/B
4.5 km/s (Mach 15.25) Block IIA <ref name='bd'>"Why Russia Keeps Moving the Football on European Missile Defense". Breaking Defense. October 17, 2013. Retrieved 2013-10-19.
- ↑ Ronald O'Rourke (2011-04-19). "Navy Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense (BMD) Program: Background and Issues for Congress" (PDF). Federation of American Scientists. Retrieved 2011-05-29.
- ↑ "United States Department Of Defense Fiscal Year 2015 Budget Request Program Acquisition Cost By Weapon System" (pdf). Office Of The Under Secretary Of Defense (Comptroller)/ Chief Financial Officer. March 2014. p. 47.
- 1 2 3
- ↑ Raytheon Completes SM-3 Test Flight Against Intermediate Range Ballistic Missile, Raytheon Company, Retrieved 6 September 2011
- ↑ Pentagon news briefing of February 14, 2008 (video, transcript): although no name for the satellite is given, the launch date of December 14, 2006 is stated
- ↑ "RIM-161 SM-3 Upgrades". 2008. Retrieved 2009-11-10.
- ↑ "SM-3 BMD, in from the Sea: EPAA & Aegis Ashore". Defenseindustrydaily.com. 2013-03-15. Retrieved 2013-06-13.
- ↑ MDA Still Sees 2018 Deployment In Restructured SM-3 IIA Plan
- ↑ Raytheon's SM-3 fact sheet
- ↑ William J. Broad and David E. Sanger, "Review Cites Flaws in U.S. Antimissile Program", New York Times, May 17, 2010.
- ↑ Clay Dillow, "Obama's 'Proven' SM-3 Missile Interceptor May Only Succeed 20 Percent of the Time, Say Physicists", Popular Science, May 18, 2010.
- ↑ George N. Lewis and Theodore A. Postol, "A Flawed and Dangerous U.S. Missile Defense Plan", May 5, 2010, Arms Control Association.
- 1 2 Lehner, Richard (May 18, 2010). "Missile Defense Agency Responds to New York Times Article". DoD Live. Archived from the original on July 18, 2011. Retrieved October 13, 2012.
- ↑ defensetech (2012-12-19). "MDA lays out 2013 testing plans". Defense Tech. Retrieved 2013-06-13.
- ↑ David Wichner (2013-05-17). "Raytheon missile passes an important test flight". Arizona Daily Star. Retrieved 2013-06-13.
- ↑ Raytheon's newest SM-3 intercepts medium-range ballistic missile target at highest altitude to date. Navyrecognition.com. 4 October 2013.
- ↑ http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/06/07/usa-japan-missiledefense-idUSL1N0YT08K20150607
- ↑ US SM-3 interceptors can take down ballistic missiles at initial flight stage - Navyrecognition.com, 15 October 2016
- ↑ "Land-Based SM-3s for Israel - and Others?". Defense Industry Daily. 2009. Retrieved 2009-11-10.
- ↑ "Raytheon RIM-161 Standard SM-3". Designation-systems.net. Retrieved 2013-10-25.
- ↑ "RIM-161 SM-3 (AEGIS Ballistic Missile Defense)". 2008. Retrieved 2008-02-22.
- ↑ Raytheon Standard Missile-3 Block IB Completes Major Development Milestone
- 1 2 Oswald, Rachel. "U.S. Looking "Very Hard" at Future of Missile Interceptor: Pentagon | Global Security Newswire". NTI. Retrieved 2013-06-13.
- 1 2 Eshel, Tamir (March 16, 2013). "Alaska's Ground Based Interceptors to Pivot US Defenses Against North Korea". Defense Update. Retrieved 2013-06-13.
- 1 2 3 "US defence official: The Deveselu base will be equipped with SM-3 IB interceptors by 2015, later on to be upgraded | ACTMedia". Actmedia.eu. 2013-03-25. Retrieved 2013-06-13.
- ↑ Nexon, Daniel (2013-03-17). "Washington "Cancels" Fourth Stage of European Phased Adaptive Approach » Duck of Minerva". Whiteoliphaunt.com. Retrieved 2013-06-13.
- ↑ Herszenhorn, David M.; Gordon, Michael R. (16 March 2013). "U.S. Cancels Part of Missile Defense That Russia Opposed". New York Times. Retrieved 2014-01-07.
- ↑ Peter Baker, "White House Scraps Bush's Approach to Missile Shield" New York Times, 9/18/09.
- ↑ "Russia's Putin praises Obama's missile defense decision", Los Angeles Times, 9/19/09.
- ↑ Tom Ricks, "No missile defense in Eastern Europe", Foreign Policy, 9/17/09.
- ↑ Article on Sm-3 missile system, strategypage.com, 10/4/09.
- ↑ "Navy Uses Raytheon SM-3 and Space Sensor to Destroy Missile Target."
- ↑ "Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense Intercepts Target Using Space Tracking and Surveillance System-Demonstrators Data."
- ↑ U.S. Deploys First SM-3 Block IB Missile - News.USNI.org, 23 April 2014
- ↑ Lolita C. Baldor (2008-02-15). "US to Try to Shoot Down Spy Satellite". Washington Post. Associated Press.
- ↑ "DefenseLink News Transcript: DoD News Briefing with Deputy National Security Advisor Jeffrey, Gen. Cartwright and NASA Administrator Griffin". 2008. Retrieved 2008-02-22.
- ↑ "WikiLeaks: US and China in military standoff over space missiles". The Telegraph.
- ↑ "Satellite Shoot Down: How It Will Work". Space.com. February 19, 2008. Retrieved 2008-02-21.
- ↑ "Navy Hits Satellite With Heat-Seeking Missile". Space.com. February 21, 2008. Retrieved 2008-02-21.
- ↑ "Navy Succeeds In Intercepting Non-Functioning Satellite (Release NNS080220-19)" (Press release). U.S. Navy. February 20, 2008. Retrieved 2008-02-20.
- ↑ "AFP: Japan shoots down test missile in space: defence minister". 2008. Retrieved 2008-02-22.
- ↑ MDA press release. 17 December 2007.
- ↑ JFTM-2 & 3 dates
- ↑ "Japan Achieves Third Ballistic Missile Intercept". Spacedaily.com. November 4, 2010. Retrieved 2013-06-13.
- ↑ "Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense Media Gallery". Mda.mil. Retrieved 2013-09-17.
- ↑ Defense ministry mulls introducing ground-based SM-3 interceptor missiles - Mainichi.jp, 12 August 2014
- ↑ Japan may accelerate missile defense upgrades in wake of North Korean tests: sources - Reuters.com, 17 October 2016
- ↑ US, Poland Sign Revised Missile Defense Accord http://www.globalsecurity.org/space/library/news/2010/space-100703-voa01.htm
- ↑ "US drops key European missile defense component". Rt.com. 2013-03-16. Retrieved 2013-06-13.
- 1 2 3 "Ballistic Missile Defense". Eucom.mil. 2009-09-17. Retrieved 2013-06-13.
- ↑ Romania Agrees to Host Ballistic Missile Interceptor http://www.america.gov/st/eur-english/2010/February/20100204155405esnamfuak0.8593866.html
- ↑ "Joint Press Availability With Romanian Foreign Minister Teodor Baconschi". State.gov. 2011-09-13. Retrieved 2013-06-13.
- ↑ "Editorial | Rethink the SM-3 Block 2B". SpaceNews.com. 2013-02-25. Retrieved 2013-06-13.
- ↑ de Andrei Luca POPESCU (2013-05-06). "EXCLUSIV. Frank Rose, negociatorul scutului de la Deveselu: "Schimbările din programul american de apărare antirachetă au fost determinate de ameninţarea Coreei de Nord " - Gandul". Gandul.info. Retrieved 2013-06-13.
- ↑ "Lockheed Martin remains sole bidder for new frigates". TR Defence. 2012-05-21. Retrieved 2013-06-13.
- ↑ "Raytheon and HAVELSAN Partner for FFG 7 Fleet Modernization With GENESIS Program". Raytheon.mediaroom.com. 2009-04-28. Retrieved 2013-06-13.
External links
|Wikimedia Commons has media related to RIM-161 Standard Missile 3.
|Wikinews has related news:
- Pros and Cons of Missile Shield in Romania 2010
- U.S. Navy Fact File: Standard Missile
- Designation-systems – RIM-161 Standard SM-3
- GlobalSecurity.org – RIM-161 Standard SM-3
- Astronautix.com – Raytheon RIM-161 Standard SM-3
- Obama Shifts Gears on Missile Defense, by Cole Harvey, armscontrol.org, October 2009.


text:
Cookin' with Coolio: 5 Star Meals at a 1 Star Price224
Coolio started making thirty-minute meals when he was ten years old and has since developed a whole new cuisine: Ghetto Gourmet. Start your Ghetto Gourmet adventure with some "Soul Rolls," follow-up with "Finger-Lickin', Rib-Stickin', Fall-Off-the-Bone-and-into-Your-Mouth Chicken," and finish off with "Banana Ba-ba-ba-bread" sweetened with golden honey. Chapters such as "How to Become a Kitchen Pimp," "Chillin' and Grillin'," and "Pasta Like a Rasta" will guide you through creating five-star meals at a star-star price. As Coolio says, "All you need is a little bit of food, and a little bit of know-how."
Product Details
|Atria Books
|Publication date:
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|7.30(w) x 9.10(h) x 0.60(d)
About the Author
Read an Excerpt
Pimpin' ain't easy, but it's necessary, especially if you wanna fully utilize the power of your kitchen. You can't have your spatulas and whisks runnin' around like they own the place. Having the right utensils is a good start, but then you gotta show them who's the boss up in this bitch. In this chapter, I'm gonna tell you what you need to get started, what you don't need, and how to know if you're ready to become a full-fledged KP.
Why is it that when people think of the fine arts, cooking isn't the first thing that comes to mind? Seriously! Cooking is a fine art and kitchen pimpin' is an even finer one. People put painting, sculpting, and dragon slaying on a damn pedestal and don't give cooking the same respect. Let's do some compare and contrast.
As a kitchen pimp, I've got just as many tools in my trade as Picasso. My plate is whiter and cleaner than even the most exquisite canvas. My utensils are many and more diverse than any brush set Van Gogh ever came across. My marinades add color and flavor so intense that it makes the Mona Lisa look like the Sunday edition of Marmaduke. I don't need no potter's wheel to molest and manipulate my raw ingredients. Do I look like Demi Moore to you?
Once my canvas has been dressed and my clay has been sculpted, I stick my finished product in the oven. When my ingredients coagulate together, I'm ready to compare my meal to anything at the Louvre. So watch out, Mister Guggenheim, because I'm about to make you and J. Paul Getty eat my momma's delicious spaghetti.
Now that you understand that kitchen pimpery is an art, let's make sure you're ready to begin honing your craft.
Stockin' the Pimptry It's important to know how to make something out of nothing, but you don't walk onto the field of battle without a game plan and as many damn weapons as you can get your hands on.
So, go the store and start loadin' up your pimptry (that's a pantry for a pimp, in case you didn't know). Here's a short list of things you need to get ready:
1. Seasoned salt
2. Black pepper
3. Kosher salt
4. Soy sauce
5. Tabasco sauce
6. Barbecue sauce
7. Mayonnaise
8. Ketchup
9. Mustard
10. Olive oil
11. Peanut oil
12. Sunflower or vegetable oil
13. Balsamic vinegar
14. Malt vinegar
15. Honey
16. Minced garlic
17. All-purpose flour
18. Condensed cream of chicken soup
19. Condensed cream of mushroom soup
20. Your favorite beer
21. Your favorite red and white wines (they don't have to be expensive!)
22. Lemons
23. Limes
24. Eggs
25. White, red, and yellow onions
26. Tomato paste
27. Ranch dressing
28. Peanut butter
Now, obviously you don't need all of these all the time, but let me tell you this: All those items are cheap and most of them can last a long-ass time in the refrigerator. If you got some of these items on standby, you're one step closer to being ready for anything.
Don't think that knives are the only weapons in your kitchen. Every utensil, from ladle to fork and spatula to spork, is a weapon. Consider everything in your drawers an arrow in your quiver. If MacGyver could turn a paper clip and a roll of paper towels into a Jet Ski, then you can use a slotted spoon to create a breakfast of mass destruction.
To begin your culinary battle, make sure you have these handy:
1. A set of sharp-ass knives
2. A spatula or two
3. A wooden spoon
4. A big cutting board (I like the ones you can bend)
5. Some plastic wrap and tinfoil
6. Some big freezer bags
7. A set of mixing bowls
8. A colander
9. Glass casserole dishes
10. Measuring cups
11. An aluminum roasting pan big enough to fit my nephew in
12. Nonstick frying pans. Teflon ain't just for vests!
13. Why not just pick yourself up a FryDaddy?
If you don't have any of these items, do not fear. They're probably on sale at your local Wal-Mart, Kmart, or Mart-Mart. And if they're not on sale, wait until they are.
If you still can't afford them, sell a kidney!
Every artist needs a studio, a clean place to hone his love for his craft. I don't care if it's the kitchen at the Playboy mansion or a damn studio apartment, all you need is a hot plate and this indispensable book.
Your workspace doesn't have to be big and it doesn't have to be beautiful, but it better be clean and it better be organized. A true kitchen pimp has enough to do without spending twenty damn minutes looking for that spaghetti sauce you bought last winter. I keep my pantry immaculate. Dressed nice, in a shirt, tie, and jack-u-let.
My green beans are near my pinto beans and my asparagus stalks are near my collard greens. My vinegar is by my sesame oil, and my plastic wrap is near my tinfoil. My kitchen is clean, my counters are always glossy. Now come on, girls, it's time to get saucy!
Let me be perfectly clear. You ain't cookin' with fire. You ain't cookin' with heat. You're cookin' with Coolio, motherfucker! And that means there's a couple terms you're gonna have to learn to get by in my kitchen. Get to know these like the back of your hand or I'm gonna put your face in touch with the back of mine:
Peench [peench]: This is when you put a little bit of a spice between your fingers and throw it on your food. It's a lot like a pinch, except for the motherfucking fact that gangstas don't pinch. They peench.
Dime Bag [dahym bag]: This is a little bag that some people put some things into. I just use them to hold onto my spices. I fill every dime bag with 1 tablespoon of whatever spice is goin' in there. If I give you an exact measurement, it's because it's important to get it right, but most of the time, I just tell you to have a dime bag of salt and pepper handy to season to taste. In that case, just use a peench or two, until it tastes good on your tongue. Shaka!
Nickel Bag [nik-uhl bag]: This is a half of a dime bag. You'll need about 1/2 tablespoon for recipes that call for these. By the way, these little bags are available at any good tobacco shop.
Coagulate [koh-ag-yuh-leyt]: This is a term I use instead of the word combine. It's just much more pimpish to let your flavors get together in a real intense way. Other chefs let their flavors combine, but when you and me get down in the kitchen, the flavors we make coagulate.
Shaka-Zulu [exactly how it looks, dumb-ass]: This is something I say when something is about to taste better than your momma's nipples.
A kitchen pimp fears nothing. Once you have achieved true pimpishness, you'll be making meals with your eyes closed and one hand tied behind your back. But in the meantime, you've got to be willing to fall flat on your face and dislocate your shoulder. So pick your bleeding, injured body up off the floor and flip to a recipe in this here cookbook.
You will succeed! You just have to be daring in what you make and how you present it.
Your lady loves Moby Dick but you've never caught a fish on a rod and reel? Take a chance, make her some Tricked-Out Westside Tilapia and you'll be watching them panties come right off. Zoom! Knocking over lampshades and shit. Shaka! What if all your friends are salad-eatin' bitches? Whip up my special Coolio Caprese Salad to please even the pickiest of vegetarians. As long as you do it with style and flavor, they'll all be shouting, "That tastes better than your momma's titties!"
Now that you have everything you need to get started, there's only one thing left to do: Practice.
I didn't become a rap superstar by sleeping eight hours a night. And I didn't become the Ghetto Gourmet by bringing home buckets of chicken. I worked my ass off to become the neighborhood ghetto witch doctor superhero and so can you.
Now, with the help of me and my assistant chef pimp (A.C.P. Jarez), you're about to put in your paces. You're going to be chopping and dicing like Rocky Balboa running up some stairs. You'll be broiling and baking like a soccer mom at a PTA bake sale.
Before we get started, there's only one thing left to do: Learn the rules of my kitchen.
Let me be clear, I have seen the burning bush and I have spent forty days and forty nights preparing to guide you on your journey of pimpification from here to the Promised Land.
Turn to Chapter 2 and study the Ten Cool-mandments.
Learn it, love it, live it bitches! Shaka-Zulu!
Copyright © 2009 by Super Cool Entertainment, LLC


text:
Today is the anniversary of the birth of one of the creators of Dada, Hugo Ball -- Feb 22nd, 1886. In 1916 he co-founded the Cabaret Voltaire club in Zurich along with the likes of Jean Arp, Emmy Hennings, Tristan Tzara, Marcel Janco, and Richard Huelsenbeck, where the anti-art movement of Dadaism began. The same year Ball wrote his poem Karawane, which consists of nonsensical words, I like to think they're German nonsensical words. Another poem, Gadji beri bimba, was later adapted by David Byrne and the Talking Heads for the song entitled "I Zimbra" on their 1979 album Fear of Music.
Marie Osmond is of course a member of the legendary show business family the Osmonds. She has also had her share of hit records like "Paper Roses" besides working with her big brother, Donny, on the hit TV variety show Donny & Marie back in the 1970's. Most recently she's been a spokesman for the Nutrisystem brand of weight loss meals. And to be perfectly honest I think she's looking pretty good -- a side note, I think she also got hosed on Dancing with the Stars back in 2007 (sure she received the lowest scores ever in a Dancing With the Stars finals history, but her ridiculous attempts were sort of ...dadaistic. Well, anyway ...)
But once a long time ago, in a distant galaxy, in a bright neon yellow bathrobe befit for perhaps Arthur Dent on Xanax washed down with a Pan Galactic Gargle Blaster, Marie Osmond was also a spokesman for the Dada Movement. Believe it or not, here is some footage of Marie talking art history, Dadaism, good ol' Hugo Ball and reciting his sound poem Karawane. First, a warning-- don't look too closely into her eyes...
Happy birthday Hugo, and a happy gadjama affalo pinx gaga di bumbalo bumbalo gadjamen back to you....
Gadji beri bimba (1916)
gadji beri bimba glandridi
laula lonni cadori
gadjama gramma berida
bimbala glandri
galassassa laulitalomini
gadji beri bin
blassa glassala
laula lonni cadorsu sassala bim
gadjama tuffm i zimzalla binban
gligla wowolimai
bin beri ban
o katalominai rhinozerossola
hopsamen laulitalomini
gadjama rhinozerossola
bluku terullala blaulala loooo


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[Krabi hotels]
中 文
日 本
Lanta Mermaid Boutique House
333 Moo 3, Klong Dao Beach
Saladan, Koh Lanta, Krabi 81150
Koh Lanta Yai, Klong Dao Beach
Hotel category:
Traveler ratings
Summary of 10 reviews :
Room :
Facilities :
Service :
Location :
Lanta Mermaid Boutique House is the luxurious rooms with comfortable atmosphere located on Klong Dao Beach, Koh Lanta Yai. Lanta Mermaid Boutique House is an Alternative choice for your relaxation. You will be welcomed with the luxurious rooms, comparable to four stars hotels, yet having lower price, and impressive environments and surroundings. It is on the street along Klong Dao Beach. It takes only 2-3 minutes walk from the hotel to the beach
The hotel has 18 rooms: Deluxe Sea view 9 rooms, Superior Mountain View 9 rooms which are decorated in Modern Oriental Style. All rooms are feature with Air Condition, Hot & Cold Shower, Refrigerator, Cable TV, Free Safety Deposit Box, Telephone, and Private Balcony with arms chair - For both room types
Hotel summary
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Travel reviews for Lanta Mermaid Boutique House
Date of stay:
Mar 28, 2014
Accommodation and facilities:
staff is friendly and helpful. The resort is cleaning and nice decoration.
Reservation service:
Apr 05, 2014
written by:
Date of stay:
Mar 28, 2014
Accommodation and facilities:
The aircon was noisy and the water was block in the sink, their staff very efficient, but after they fix the problem and not cleaning the sink place. The shower area, curtain have dirty mark, the water can smooth going to the drain.
Reservation service:
Apr 03, 2014
written by:
KAO Mei Fung Maidy
Date of stay:
Jan 05, 2012
Accommodation and facilities:
Lanta Mermaid Boutique House is one of the best hotel I have been in Thailand. Clean, big room, kind personal, and it is located in a strategic position where you can find every kind of facilities.
Reservation service:
Easy and quick
Jan 11, 2012
written by:
Stefano Basso
Date of stay:
Jan 03, 2012
Accommodation and facilities:
Very service minded, very clean and high water pressure in the shower. Good breakfast not big but OK. But not recommended for family with the Young children due to pool is massing otherwise is recommended (we ware therChristmas 2012)
Reservation service:
No problem at all, working fine
Jan 15, 2012
written by:
Behroz Ahmadi
Date of stay:
Dec 30, 2011
Accommodation and facilities:
Great location - Cross the road and you are virtually on the beach. 5 mins to Saladan where the harbour is. 1st Class service that you would only normally only find in 5 star hotel. Rooms spotless and very modern. Highly recommend.
Reservation service:
First Class as always
Jan 04, 2012
written by:
Anton Sambrook
Date of stay:
Nov 03, 2011
Accommodation and facilities:
It is a place with the best possible customer service. The rooms are really comfortable and nice. The only disadvantage is that there is no beach access. The beach is just across the street though. Just get a scooter and explore the island. Great breakfast.
Reservation service:
Nov 09, 2011
written by:
Kamila sepolowicz
Date of stay:
Oct 26, 2011
Accommodation and facilities:
standard hotel,clean,simple breakfast,free wifi,the boss Mr.Chai can give you some information.But the hotel is too small to relax,you d better rent a scooter drive to the south beach,such as klong nin,kantiang bay.
Reservation service:
very good service,used it many times.
Oct 29, 2011
written by:
Libo Zhang
Date of stay:
Jan 30, 2011
Accommodation and facilities:
A very good hotel with excellent staff, friendly and helpful. The location is pretty good on the road, but only a hundred meters from the beach. The room is comfortable, spacious and very very clean. A great choice for a stay at this location
Reservation service:
Easy and convenient
Feb 20, 2011
written by:
Lorenzo Lomoro
Date of stay:
Mar 15, 2010
Accommodation and facilities:
Don t be scared of roadside location and 150 meter to beach. This is a jewel! Rent a bike and the hole island is open for you. All of the hotel is perfectly clean, very good beds and everything working as intended. Every detail looked after by the Manager. Not to forget the breakfast served by the table (Thank you Mr Chieng, I hate Buffets..) We will be back!
Reservation service:
Good as ususal!
Mar 22, 2010
written by:
Helge Rud
Date of stay:
Jan 01, 2010
Accommodation and facilities:
The Mermaid is the best hotel we have ever stayed in. The rooms are immaculate and stylish and cleaned every day. The white bed linen is so clean and fresh as are the towel they will also supply beach towels for you free of charge. The breakfast is fantastic but the most important thing is the welcome and service from Mr Chai and his staff who work incredibly hard to maintain such high standards. We had a wonderful Christmas and New Year staying at the Mermaid and will be back again.
Reservation service:
Excellent efficient service. Arranged transport from Krabi airport as well through Ms Jar at Sawadee and everything went as arranged. Fantastic thank you.
Jan 03, 2010
written by:
Fiona Perfect
THB ฿ Thailand
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Lanta Mermaid Boutique House.
The luxurious rooms with comfortable atmosphere provided for your gratification.
It is on the street along Klong Dao Beach and it is the downtown area where most hotels and resorts are located. It takes only 2 - 3 minutes walk from the hotel to the beach. Stylish, Friendly, Affordable. Lanta Mermaid Boutique House is an Alternative choice for your relaxation. You will be welcomed with the luxurious rooms, comparable to four stars hotels, yet having lower price, and impressive environments and surroundings. Here! The place where you will learn that
'heaven is really on earth'
Lanta Mermaid living is popular venue due to its natural beauty and position near the scenic towns of Saladan. Klong Dao Beach is a spectacular three - kilometer stretch of white powder sand; shallow water offers excellent swimming and its stunning sunset makes this the most popular family beach on Ko Lanta.
The hotel has 18 rooms: Deluxe Sea view 9 rooms, Superior Mountain View 9 rooms which are decorated in Modern Oriental Style, in harmony with the natural surroundings of Koh Lanta. You will never feel crowded. We build in small scale with only 18 rooms to ensure you privacy and tranquility as well as our service offers without exception. Moreover you also can expect our true Thai hospitality, friendly and informal from our well train staffs.
:: Superior Room ::
Mountain View rooms - 27 sq.m.
:: Deluxe Room ::
Roadview rooms - 35 sq.m.
:: Family Room ::
Sea view rooms - 70 sq.m.
Room Facilities
Private balcony with arms chair
Air condition
Cable TV
Free Safety deposit box
Coffee and tea maker set
Free ADSL wireless internet
Wooden floor
Connecting room
Hot & cold shower
:: Hotel Facilities ::
Reception 07:00 - 22:00 hrs.
Check in 14:00 hrs.
Check out 11:30 hrs.
Credit card accepted: Visa / Master Card
The Gallery Cuisine for breakfast
Tour desk
Public internet corner
Free Wi-Fi internet
Book corner (Swedish language book available)
Doctor on call
Laundry service
Daily maid service
Overseas call service
Fax service
Postal service
Wake up call
Baby cot available
Non smoking rooms
Car parking
Airport transfer
Free pick up from Saladan Pier to Hotel
Taxi service
Sun bathe garden
Sea wash outdoor shower
Motorbike for rent
Car for rent
Elephant riding
Distance from hotel to:
City center 2 km. / Beach 100 meters / Airport 72 km. / Bus station 80 km. And Pier 2.5 km.
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text:
The 4738 GWh generated by wind was also an all-time monthly best, and covered 21% of national electricity demand.
Together with other technologies, renewables covered 42.2% of electricity demand over the month.
The figure is down from 48.5% for the same period last year, which is largely due to higher rainfall).
It remains above the 40% annual target to 2020, set to meet EU objectives. Renewables have covered 40.5% of electricity demand over the first quarter of 2011.
Previously, wind power's best comparative monthly performance was in November and December 2009, when it covered 21.2% and 20.1% of national demand. It respectively, toppled nuclear power from second place.
Production from Spain's nearly 21GW of installed wind capacity last month was enough to cover the demand of 13 million homes or neighbouring Portugal's entire electricity consumption, points out national wind association Asociación Empresarial Eólica (AEE).


text:
This page is about building Firefox Desktop.
The mechanism used to build B2G OS has its own page.
The mechanism used to build Firefox for Android also has its own page.
The mechanism used to build Firefox for iOS also has its own github.
The Mozilla build system, like the rest of the Mozilla codebase, is cross-platform. It uses traditional Unix-style autoconf and make tools to build the various applications (even on non-unix operating systems).
Because the Mozilla codebase builds many different applications and has many options, it is complex to use and learn. Please read these instructions carefully before attempting a build.
These build pages are for the projects which use the autoconf-based build system: Firefox, Thunderbird, Mozilla Suite / SeaMonkey, XULRunner, Sunbird, and standalone Composer.
For build information on other Mozilla projects, visit their project or build page: Camino, NSPR, Spidermonkey, NSS, and Directory SDK for C.
If you are having build problems, please post questions to the newsgroup mozilla.dev.builds (access via Google Groups). Make your post as precise as possible, including details about your operating system, your mozconfig/configure flags, and the precise error you are experiencing.
You may also want to check the TreeHerder to make sure the product you are working with is currently compiling in your environment.
For the impatient
The quickest way to build Mozilla is to use the instructions at the simple build pages:
For more detail, see below.
Getting started
Build prerequisites
Before you try to build, make sure you have the correct tools, and have configured these tools correctly.
Get the source
- Download Mozilla Source Code
- Source code for releases is available for download via FTP/HTTP.
- Mozilla Source Code via Mercurial
- Those doing active development on Firefox can check out the latest source using Mercurial. This is the preferred method if you plan to provide patches and fix bugs, as it lets you get up-to-the-minute changes and merge them with your own.
- Comm-central Source Code via Mercurial
- Those doing active development on Thunderbird/SeaMonkey/Firefox can check out the latest source using Mercurial. This method includes all the code for the applications mentioned, so you can work on Firefox development, and still build Thunderbird or SeaMonkey as well.
Configuring build options
Running configure and make with the default options will not give you a good working build. You should use a
.mozconfig file to obtain a reasonable release build. Please read Configuring Build Options carefully before building.
Build and install
After setting up your environment, downloading the source, and configuring the build, refer to the following per-app instructions on how to build:
Random FAQs and Developer Documentation
- Mozilla Build FAQ
- Adding Files to the Build
- Adding Components
- Creating a Release Tag
- Cross-Compiling Mozilla
- Compiling 32-bit Firefox on a Linux 64-bit OS
- Mozilla Release Checklist
- Clang Static Analysis
- Package Filename Convention
- Building with Profile-Guided Optimization
- Building Firefox with Debug Symbols
- Building only SpiderMonkey
- Building Firefox with Rust Code
- Notes on how mozilla.org does release builds (circa 2007)