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OTTAWA — A room full of surprised veteran B.C. Aboriginal leaders erupted in "cheers and tears" after the Supreme Court of Canada, in the most important aboriginal rights case in the country's history, ruled that the Tsilhqot'in First Nation has title 1,750 square kilometres of land in south central B.C.
The landmark ruling will provide a clear and less onerous roadmap for all unresolved land claims in B.C. and throughout Canada involving First Nations seeking to negotiate modern treaties – or to fight for their land rights in court.
The unanimous ruling from all eight judges was written by Chief Justice Beverley McLachlin.
"Aboriginal title confers the right to use and control the land and to reap the benefits flowing from it," she found.
However, the ruling also made clear that economic development on title land can continue – either with consent, or if there is no consent when the Crown has proven that the project has a "compelling and substantial" public interest.
The decision was immediately described as by aboriginal leaders as the mark of an epic shift in Canada-First Nations relations, and a signal to Prime Minister Stephen Harper and provincial premiers to take treaty negotiations more seriously.
"This will be a game-changer in terms of the landscape in British Columbia and throughout the rest of the country where there is unextingushed Aboriginal title," said Jody Wilson-Raybould, regional B.C. chief of the Assembly of First Nations.
"This has to be the wake-up call for governments, both the provincial and federal governments, and we look to Mr. Harper to actually see this as the fundamental impetus to sit down at the table and truly and meaningfully move towards reconciliation."
"The decision is an opportunity to truly settle, once and for all, the land question in BC -- where our Nations are not simply making claims to the Crown under an outdated federal policy but where there must be true reconciliation based on recognition and where the outcome of negotiations is certain.
Grand Chief Stewart Phillip, president of the Union of B.C. Indian Chiefs, suggested thatall economic projects on traditional Aboriginal territories will now require "consent" as well as consultation before they proceed.
That, in turn, will mean problems for the two major proposals to build oilsands pipelines through B.C. on territory claimed by various First Nations.
"We are in an entirely different ballgame," Phillip, told a Vancouver news conference.
Pipeline proponents Enbridge and Kinder Morgan are "probably back on their heels," said Phillip, who told journalists that the room full of First Nation leaders exploded into "cheers and tears" after learning of the judgement.
The federal government reacted cautiously, saying it is reviewing the ruling before considering its "next steps" in its relationship with Aboriginal peoples.
"The decision by the Supreme Court of Canada on the appeal filed in the Roger William case involves complex and significant legal issues concerning the nature of Aboriginal title in the Province of British Columbia," Aboriginal Affairs Minister Bernard Valcourt said in a statement.
He noted that since 2006 four treaties have been concluded in B.C., while others are at advanced stages of negotiations.
"Our government believes that the best way to resolve outstanding Aboriginal rights and title claims is through negotiated settlements that balance the interests of all Canadians."
"We are committed to continuing this progress and ensuring an effective process for negotiating treaties."
The ruling largely accepted the broad interpretation of what title means, as laid out by the late Justice David Vickers in a 2007 B.C. Supreme Court decision, and rejected the far more narrow view delivered by the B.C. Court of Appeal in 2012.
Business groups have warned of "havoc" if the 2007 ruling prevailed, while First Nations said endorsement of the 2012 view would have made a mockery of the notion of Aboriginal title.
To be known for generations to come as the William case, after plaintiff Roger William, the decision confirmed for the first time any where in Canada a title claim.
But it also declared that provincial governments – and not Ottawa, as some business groups had feared - will retain regulatory authority over land obtained aboriginal people through court cases or land claim negotiations.
In B.C.'s case, due to a technicality, the provincial forests act will have to be amended in order to maintain that authority.
Future economic activity on title lands, involving anything from mines and logging to pipelines and hydroelectric projects, will require the "consent" of title-holding First Nations.
But the court also said the Crown can justify "infringement" of that title, when consent is absent, under specific circumstances.
"Government incursions not consented to by the title-holding group must be undertaken in accordance with the Crown's procedural duty to consult and must also be justified on the basis of a compelling and substantial public interest, and must be consistent with the Crown's fiduciary duty to the Aboriginal group," the chief justice stated in her ruling.
The wording is crucial to the future of projects like Enbridge's proposed Northern Gateway oilsands pipeline, which runs through claimed – though not established as being title lands in court or through negotiations - traditional territory of numerous First Nations.
Legal analysts have said a ruling such as Thursday's would significantly strengthen the hand of First Nations in B.C. or Alberta who want to file a land claim on territory along the Gateway route, and hope to obtain an injunction preventing construction while that claim is heard.
"We take this time to join hands and celebrate a new relationship with Canada," said the plaintiff, Chief Roger William of the Xeni Gwet'in people, who are one of six Indian Act bands that are part of the Tsilhqot'in First Nation.
Chief Joe Alphonse, tribal chairman of the Tsilhqot'in National Government, urged governments and industry to work with his people.
"This decision will bring much needed certainty for First Nations, government and industry," he said in a statement.
"This case is about us regaining our independence – to be able to govern our own Nation and rely on the natural resources of our land. We are ready to move forward in this new relationship with government and industry. That work starts today"
Grand Chief Stewart Phillip, president of the Union of B.C. Indian Chiefs, called the decision "absolutely amazing!" in the joint statement with the Tsilhqot'in leaders.
Chief Joe Alphonse, Tl'etinqox government and Tsilhqot'in tribal chairman, gave an impassioned speech following the decision, saying that the trial had been very difficult, adding that once in court the Tsilqot'in people were compared to a pack of wild dogs, and often described as nomadic.
"We were never nomadic. We lived on our territory with a purpose… A nomadic person walks around aimlessly, starving, looking for bugs to eat," he said.
"We didn't fight in court to be a pain to B.C. We didn't fight this case to separate from Canada. We fought in this case to get recognized and be treated as equals in a meaningful way."
The judgment, because it was dealing with a semi-nomadic people who only seasonally occupied many parts of the claimed territory, established a less onerous test to establish title.
The 2012 ruling declared that title required proof of intensive, site-specific use that was sufficient, exclusive and had some semblance of continuity from the time British sovereignty was established – in B.C. it was 1846 - to the present day.
But Thursday's ruling recognized a more flexible test than that spelled out by the three B.C. appellate judges. It also explained in greater detail than in past cases how judges and negotiators should in the future marry the differing perspectives of Aboriginal and common laws.
"Rather, a culturally sensitive approach suggests that regular use of territories for hunting, fishing, trapping and foraging is 'sufficient' use to ground Aboriginal title, provided that such use, on the facts of a particular case, evinces an intention on the part of the Aboriginal group to hold or possess the land in a manner comparable to what would be required to establish title at common law."
The court ruling shows the federal government should set up a "protocol" for First Nations consultation on future resource development projects, so that everyone is aware of the proper duty to consult and obtain aboriginal consent, said Jean Crowder, federal Opposition NDP Aboriginal Affairs critic.
"It would be a way better process if you had that protocol in place and First Nations were at the table right from the outset so that you didn't get to the permitting and approval stage only to be told, 'Oops we need to go back now and do the consultation that if we had of done three years ago we might not be in this spot,'" said Crowder.
"Companies then understand exactly what they have to do."
Crowder said she thinks the high court ruling calls into question the Enbridge Northern Gateway pipeline project, which already has approval by the federal cabinet, subject to 209 conditions.
"You would wonder in light of this decision, they might have to reconsider that approval," Crowder said.
One of the lawyers who worked on the Tsilhqot'in case, David Rosenberg, of Woodward and Company Lawyers, said this is an important precedent with far-reaching implications for other First Nations.
He said the Supreme Court has been clear that it was the facts in this particular case as found by the trial judge that are the bases for aboriginal title.
"So you can't say it applies generally for all land in British Columbia. There is no title for all land…but it is pretty clear now that where aboriginal title is proved there is a much higher level of consultation and accommodation that the provincial government will have to do," he said.
It also has implications for major projects underway in B.C., including some controversial pipeline expansion projects such as Enbridge's Northern Gateway pipeline and Kinder Morgan.
"In some instances the consent of the First Nations will be required for projects under under development, and if they are under development already sometimes they will have to go back to the drawing board and get the consent of the First Nations."
Rosenberg didn't think the case would lead to more court challenges, saying that now that a precedent has been set, both First Nations and government will need to sit down and reconsider their positions based on the law.
"What that means is that where government clearly understands that titles can be proved, they have higher obligations. And we also clearly now have a roadmap for how titles can be proved."
"We wouldn't have to go through 24 or 25 new trials," he said. "We may be able to do so on the basis of one lawyer's call and a summary application."
Geraldine Thomas-Fleurer, co-ordinator for the Yinka Dene Alliance in north-central B.C. which opposes Enbridge's Northern Gateway project, said the decision "changes everything" in their fight against the mega-project.
She said they will now think "deeply" of what their approach will be to the pipeline, doing everything they can to use the high court decision to their advantage.
The Alliance represents six First Nations in north central B.C. which claim traditional territory that covers about 25 per cent of the pipeline route.
"This is very emotional, but we're very, very happy," said Thomas-Fleurer. "As First Nations, we know where our territory is, we know what we have out there, and we've always known. . . We still visit those places and we still try to protect those places."
Lake Babine Nation Chief Wilf Adam said the decision confirmed that aboriginal title is a reality in British Columbia, and that it extends well beyond First Nation's traditional village sites.
The Lake Babine Nation, which is not part of the Yinka Dene Alliance, claims a large traditional territory in north-central B.C.
The First Nation of 2,400 members is also opposed to the Northern Gateway project, and has had concerns about mining projects.
"In my opinion on this decision, Northern Gateway is dead," said Adam. "They will never get approval from us."
Lake Babine Nation, like other First Nations, has been more open to discussions about natural gas pipelines tied to the B.C. government's plan to build liquefied natural gas export plants on the northwest coast.
However, Adam stressed that the B.C. and Canadian governments, and companies who want to develop in Lake Babine's traditional territory must start acknowledging its aboriginal title claim by engaging respectfully and proposing meaningful accommodation. "At a minimum, meaningful accommodation means that any development must be sustainable and safe for our land and resources, and that it must provide significant economic benefits to Lake Babine," said Adam.
The Tsilhqot'in First Nation is made up of six Indian Act bands. The trial, which began in 2002, lasted 339 days and included a visit by Judge Vickers to the claimed territory.
The case involved provincial forestry licenses that were granted in the claimed territory.
Justice McLachlin found that the province – which argued that the licenses should be granted due to economic need as well as because of the requirement to attack the Mountain Pine Beetle infestation -- hadn't met the "compelling and substantial" test.
With files from Tiffany Crawford, Gordon Hoekstra.
Click here to see five landmark cases in Canadian jurisprudence on aboriginal rights.


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Miami Beach Home of Late Bee Gee Sells for $13M
The former home of Bee Gee Maurice Gibb sells in Miami for $13 million, and Chevy Chase's penthouse gets a record $7.95 million. Alyssa Abkowitz joins Lunch Break with this week's featured Private Properties. Photo: Jill Eber & Jill Hertzberg.
This transcript has been automatically generated and may not be 100% accurate.
... I ... the assailant Rick and Wendy downs are at a Colorado Ranch the home of the former BT star Caesar ... copies were featuring right now on private properties with poor sap who estimates for mansion segment I ... he knew the whole realm of things here at work was completed in the diesel cleaned up to that let's start with this floor goes back on that was listed with with with that before on twenty almost twenty nine on the screen and I and that's right my seat this time it's really amazing census the town and you know for a while and sort out there was no felt like a ladder so this is one of the first one with available right now that it planned to hold the only direct oceanfront property ... in Palm Beach County right now seen really can walk out ... in L a to France after the backs that's ... can it be right on the ocean enormous kitchen we add this home is um over sixteen thousand square feet it has six bedrooms seven bathrooms for half bath ... there's a wine cellar you're seeing right here there's the library ... aam and Porges gorgeous entryway either retractable Wall Street here which are seeing EU had indoor outdoor living and that the that enable when a girl if I hadn't been invented in Poland there the OSI Kesling almost in the ocean by year-end why I have with this bad weather we have of me I don't even know how I can read Florida home and move on the next one but I do have to go to Colorado Ranch which I guess he so talk about this is that when it found on the market for fifteen million x about twenty minutes outside of Boulder ... at our our past sixteen ... on it has for dramas on it ... in your green if you like to try and force find ... out for irrigation water ways with wandering eye from Ford in Colorado because sometimes that's can get a bit tricky ... on the start of the founder of a disposal service company and that he spent about ten to twelve million putting these properties together and disposal service company yes you can do really well that this is really you can't attention you have the ... there are not job opportunities at a rapid ... rate and move on now baby Jesus with ... this it's all the way to get one this to myself and about to lay it on he was on the market fourteen ... point five million it was an By Mari Eesti and Ala played a myriad of estimates the beach he's obviously in this offer thirty million ... on it in this area called sunset Island which is that our house muni ... very modern isn't being here for Jeff I this week ... and when into areas recently he had a recording studio thank you lifted your from nineteen ninety six until he passed away in January two thousand three with his second wife ... and found the seller is a German entrepreneur appeal as a Flatley was giving back to Europe's that someone else ... I'll grant that we think the buyer is unknown right now on a visit to the public record yet but I love to buy or whether the really true then quickly to people when you have stored celebrity power Sochi with a healthy level to try to find the elite League to carry that the persons like not around that allows you to the casino to think the Dragons I walked three as hell many never according to the seat of record as the most the midst of her at the point very quickly Chevy Chase and how stuff about them yet this is a record sale for antennae taste one of the highest selling contest ever for nearly eight million at the Parks Congress at which the highrise are seeing right here ... on the unit is over six thousand square feet on the eighteenth floor and had five bedrooms I've I've bathrooms ... three handed it reviews which is pretty dead ... on multiple about the need for a and Dom that really need it wasn't in the multiple listing services a private sale ... at a broker who lives in this building actually found a buyer and seller and them together and that's made in heaven mansion in heaven right in property sales of your outlook for the PC so you ask the cook among market again this kind ... of effect licensing going to have the holidays hit

subset: commoncrawl


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With Monday being Veterans' Day, this morning I'd like to tell you a story about a man who went well beyond the call of duty to honor a fallen veteran he never met and didn't know.
It's a also a story about a small community, population 10,785, showing its respect for one of its own who made the ultimate sacrifice 47 years ago.
Let me start at the beginning: June 29, 1966.
Paul J. Surette, age 19, was killed in action less than three months after arriving in Vietnam. He was the first from Holbrook, Mass. to die in that war -- and ultimately, he was the only casualty from the community to die in Vietnam.
To honor his sacrifice, members of the local Veterans of Foreign Wars chapter dedicated its post to him, renaming the post the Paul J. Surette VFW Post 9813.
Some years later the post tore down its existing building in order to make room for a new, larger post home. One of the post members removed the bronze plaque bearing Surette's image and took it home for safe keeping until the new post home was constructed.
But that project became embroiled in a series of delays over zoning issues with the town, and was ultimately abandoned. Post 9813 became a "paper post" with no brick and mortar home. With no place to hang the plaque, it remained in the basement of the member's home. Over time, it was forgotten and the post member who took home for safekeeping died. His house was sold eight years ago.
Enter Tony DeCarlo, whose daughter purchased that house and was now putting it on the market in preparation of moving to a new house. While clearing out the basement a couple of months ago, DeCarlo found the 60-pound plaque and decided to do an Internet search in the hopes of finding the owner or a family member.
What he found was a Hackett on Politics column that I had written in 2009, and was re-printed in the Quincy Patriot Ledger, one of our sister newspapers, along with the original 1966 story about Surette's death in the war.
I had written about my first visit to the Vietnam Memorial in Washington, D.C., and how the "Moving Wall," a miniature replica of the memorial, would be arriving in Norwich the following weekend.
I mentioned that there was 10 names on "The Wall" that I had a personal connection with -- including my cousin, Paul J. Surette.
The extra mile
In addition to contacting me, DeCarlo also went the extra mile and contacted the Massachusetts VFW Department, the national VFW, the Town of Holbrook, while I contacted my cousins Raymond and Alice, Paul's younger brother and older sister.
Last week, DeCarlo, his son and grandson, met with five members of Post 9813 in the Council on Aging offices in Holbrook, Mass., and returned to them the bronze plaque. I was there with my cousin Alice and so was Holbrook Town Administrator William Phelan.
The details still need to be worked out, but everyone agrees that the plaque should be prominently displayed at Town Hall. A front page story in last Tuesday's Quincy Patriot Ledger about the plaque and DeCarlo's efforts to return it, prompted an unsolicited offer from the owner of Quincy Memorials to restore the plaque to its original luster before it is installed -- free of charge.
The town and post are planning a ceremony, possibly around Memorial Day, to install the plaque in Town Hall.
But this isn't about the plaque as much as it is about a man who wanted to do something to honor a fallen soldier, and a community showing its respect for his sacrifice.
Happy Veterans' Day
Ray Hackett is The Bulletin's editorial page editor. He has more than 25 years covering Connecticut politics. He can be reached at (860) 425-4225 or firstname.lastname@example.com.


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Celebrities Who Have Changed Their Hair For Movie Roles
Jen, Natalie and Demi: 11 Stars' Movie Hair Transformations
Jen, Natalie and Demi: 11 Stars' Movie Hair Transformations
Often, celebrities will go to great lengths to channel the character they're playing in a movie. For example, to play her hilarious role as a sexually aggressive dentist in Horrible Bosses, Jennifer Aniston reportedly disagreed with studio executives over her hair colour. "I'm the one who insisted on the dark hair," she recently explained, adding, "There was just no way I could be saying those words and not look somewhat different." She got her wish and filmed the movie wearing a brunette wig, complete with bangs. Like Jennifer, other actresses have drastically changed their hair to get more into character. See 10 other stars who have undergone similar hair transformations now.


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the bradley's
blog | facebook
giveaway item: $15 credit to take heart designs
14. follow elizabeth's blog.
15. like the bradley's on facebook.
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Gadgets: The Stem Gem
Kitchen gadgets, gear, and appliances to help you get things done.
There are some gadgets that I can't wait to try, and there are others that I think are absolutely silly. The Stem Gem by Chef'n fits in the second category. Never in a million years would I have taken this item seriously. It's designed for removing the leaves and core from strawberries. This is exactly the type of gadget I would scoff if I saw it at a store because, of course, I can do that with a knife. So why do I need another device?
Okay, I'll admit it. The Stem Gem is cute. It's a cheerful-looking tool. Surprisingly, it also works really well. Not only does it work perfectly on strawberries, but it also removes the core from tomatoes. Maybe it is something that I needed all along, but I simply didn't realize it.
Well, "need" is probably too strong of a word. But this cute little gadget makes strawberry cleaning a lot easier. Less messy. Sort of fun. Neater. Faster. Amusing, even.
Although a paring knife is a fine tool for cleaning strawberries, when I use a knife I tend to end up with a ragged hole in the berry. I was giddy with delight that this silly device gave me perfectly neat holes. Seriously, my husband came into the kitchen to see what I was giggling about, and there I was, tormenting innocent strawberries.
And then I bought more strawberries just because it was such a fun tool to use. It's true.
When you press the plunger on the Stem Gem, the jaws open. Press more, the jaws open wider for larger berries. You stab the teeth into the strawberry, release the plunger and twist. The jaws close a bit and the twist neatly cuts the core out of the berry. Remove the tool, open the jaws, and it spits out the core. Ptooey. Done.
Once I got the rhythm down, I was whipping through strawberries in record time, and enjoying the task much more than usual. Cleaning strawberries is one of those chores that annoys me. I usually end up with strawberry seeds under my thumbnail. Don't ask me how I do that, but somehow I manage. And then I get cranky.
Yes, the Stem Gem is a unitasker. No, you don't need one. Yes, you can use a pairing knife. If you're going to slice or chop the strawberries, or if they're starting to go soft and you need to do a lot of trimming, a knife might make more sense. But if you need to whip through a lot of berries and you want them to look neat and pretty when you're done, the Stem Gem does an excellent job. It would also be a great tool for kids to use, if they're not quite ready to handle a knife.
Since it also works for tomatoes, it's not entirely a unitasker. I can imagine using this for cherry tomatoes this summer—not because a core needs to be removed, but to create a neat hole that I can stuff. This gadget is going to get a lot more use in my kitchen than I imagined, and that makes me happy.
Disclaimer: Testing samples were provided to Serious Eats.
All products linked here have been independently selected by our editors. We may earn a commission on purchases, as described in our affiliate policy.


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HOUSTON – It is playoff time in Houston and the Dynamo showed just what that means Thursday night, cruising to a 3-0 victory over the Montreal Impact to claim the Eastern Conference Knockout Round game and move on to another grudge match with the New York Red Bulls (Sunday, 2:30 p.m.; TICKETS).
As if the regular season never happened, Houston picked up right where they left off in 2012's playoffs. The Dynamo ramped up the energy and strung together passes to go with a finishing clinic from Will Bruin, who scored twice, and a penalty kick strike from Boniek García to do in a struggling Impact side that finished the match with eight men.
Bruin first showed his finishing skill by picking up the ball and playing it to Ricardo Clark at the top of the box. In traffic, Clark turned a snazzy back heel to put Bruin in and the 6-foot-2 forward made no mistake with the first touch and ensuing finish. Bruin hit his shot to the far side, around goalkeeper Troy Perkins to give Houston a 1-0 lead in the 16th minute.
Just 11 minutes later Garcia effectively buried the Impact. After picking the pocket of Hassoun Camara, Garcia took on three defenders and a charging Hernan Bernardello came crashing in to bring him down in the box for a clear penalty kick. After a talk with Brad Davis, Garcia stepped up and drilled the spot kick home for a commanding 2-0 lead.
After Nelson Rivas was shown a second yellow for an elbow on Bruin in the second half, the forward completed his second career playoff brace in the 71st minute. Corey Ashe hit a ball over the top to Bruin, who took a touch and outpaced Mateo Ferrari for the ball. He then added a touch to beat Perkins before firing home from the top of the box to finalize the 3-0 romp. Bruin now has six playoff goals, just one behind the Dynamo record of seven by Brian Ching.
While the Dynamo were dominating much of the run of play, Montreal was struggling to create as their route-one approach to hit 20-goal scorer Marco Di Vaio was snuffed out by an active Dynamo defender or the forward playing himself offside.
Di Vaio managed to come up with a pair of half-chances in the game but Dynamo goalkeeper Tally Hall was up to the task each time, including on a play in the 61st minute. Warren Creavalle hit a panicked ball that found its way to Di Vaio 30 yards from goal and the skilled striker could only look on in frustration as his ensuing blistering shot was parried by a diving Hall to preserve the cleansheet and two-goal lead at the time.
Montreal finished the game with the wrong kind of fight, as Andres Romero kicked out at Kofi Sarkodie in the final moments to prompt a scrum and a battle between Di Vaio and Corey Ashe. Romero was red carded and and so was Di Vaio for putting his hands in Ashe's face during the fracas.
Houston will be back at BBVA Compass Stadium Sunday to host the first leg of their Eastern Conference semifinals series against the Red Bulls, who beat the Dynamo in all three of their regular season meetings, including two in Houston, this year.
Houston Dynamo (No. 4 seed) vs. Montreal Impact (No. 5 seed)
MLS Cup Playoffs – Eastern Conference Knockout Round
October 31, 2013 – BBVA Compass Stadium, Houston, TX
Attendance: 10,476
Scoring Summary:
Houston Dynamo: Will Bruin 1 (Ricardo Clark) 16
Houston Dynamo: Boniek Garcia 1 (penalty kick) 27
Houston Dynamo: Will Bruin 2 (Corey Ashe 1) 72
Houston Dynamo: Tally Hall; Kofi Sarkodie, Bobby Boswell, Eric Brunner, Corey Ashe; Boniek Garcia, Warren Creavalle, Ricardo Clark, Brad Davis (Andrew Driver 82); Giles Barnes (Omar Cummings 79), Will Bruin (Cam Weaver 79)
Unused substitutes: Tyler Deric, Mike Chabala, Alexander Lopez, Servando Carrasco
Montreal Impact: Troy Perkins; Jeb Brovsky, Nelson Rivas, Matteo Ferrari, Hassoun Camara; Justin Mapp, Hernan Bernardello, Collen Warner (Felipe Martins 62), Andrea Pisanu (Andres Romero 55); Andrew Wenger (Daniele Paponi 62), Marco Di Vaio
Unused substitutes: Evan Bush, Wandrille Lefevre, Patrice Bernier, Davy Arnaud
Misconduct Summary:
MTL: Nelson Rivas (caution) 35
MTL: Nelson Rivas (second caution; ejection) 70
MTL: Andres Romero (ejection) 89
MTL: Marco Di Vaio (ejection) 89
HOU: Corey Ashe (caution) 89
Referee: Mark Geiger
Referees' Assistants: C.J. Morgante, Brian Dunn
4th Official: Armando Villareal


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Revision as of 14:16, 4 August 2014 by 22.214.171.124 (Talk)
Breredon (Briar Hill) was a little village in Buckland near Haysend on rising ground behind the hythe, or small landing, on the north bank of the Withywindle in the narrow tongue between the south end of the High Hay and the Baranduin River.[1]
It has been suggested that Breredon is consisting of the elements brere ("briar") + -don ("down, hill").[2]
This etymology would represent a possible Old Hobbitish form *Braerdun "hill of briers".[3]
- ↑ J.R.R. Tolkien, The Adventures of Tom Bombadil, "Preface"
- ↑ Andreas Möhn, "Bombadil in the Shire" at Middle-earth Science Pages (accessed 16 March 2011)
- ↑ David Salo, "Hobbitish Place-names" dated 23 November 1998, Elfling (accessed 21 October 2020)


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Your feelings and emotional state can affect your physical body and overall health and this relationship is commonly referred to as "mind/body connection." When you experience negative emotions such as stress, hostility or pessimism, you will often feel it on a physical level in the form of chest pain, an upset stomach, palpitations or headaches.
Negative emotions are a natural part of normal living but, if prolonged, they can lead to an increased risk of many disease processes and can even shorten your life. It is well known that negative emotions can affect your immune system, which can make you more susceptible to infection. Uncontrolled stress can also lead to high blood pressure and heart disease.
Some recent studies have also shown that being optimistic, on the other hand, can decrease your risk of heart attacks and increase longevity.
Danish participants in the Copenhagen City Heart Study were questioned about the level of stress in their lives. Men with higher levels of stress had an overall risk of death 32 percent greater than men with low stress and younger men with high levels of stress were more than 2½ times more likely to develop heart disease.
Similar results were found for women in the Women's Health Initiative, which has followed nearly 100,000 postmenopausal American women for more than eight years. Levels of optimism were measured by a questionnaire and the most optimistic women had a 14 percent lower chance of dying of any cause and a 9 percent lower chance of dying from heart attack.
There are several simple things you can do to overcome pessimism and to develop a more positive outlook on life. When confronted with a danger such as an approaching train, we learned in school to stop, look and listen. The same three simple steps can help you overcome pessimism.
Three Simple Steps for Dealing with Pessimism:
- Stop – Accept and confront the reality that you are being pessimistic. Just as an alcoholic must first acknowledge that they have a problem with drinking before they can get better, you need to begin by acknowledging that you are being pessimistic.
- Look – Look to see if you can view the stressors in your life from a different point of view. You may find that a more positive outlook is possible or you may realize that you need to change some of the circumstances in your life.
- Listen – Try to get an outside or objective view of your situation. Talk about your problems with someone whose judgment you trust – a close friend, spouse, or health professional.
It is not always easy to have a positive outlook, but taking steps to overcome negative emotions will not only make your life more fulfilling and satisfying – it can also help you live longer.
Happy anti-aging!
Terry Grossman, M.D.
For more information about longevity medicine visit Dr. Grossman's Web site
Important: The views and opinions expressed in this article are those of the author and not Everyday Health.


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Calvados Busnel Année Hors d'âge
Année Calvados, Hors d'âge, Vieux
Provenance: Artcurial Deauville, 11/24/2012
$ 499.00
Questions about this piece?
On March 28, 1553, Gilles Picot, Sire of Gouberville, conducted an experiment bringing together thousands of years of evolution, the advances made by ancient civilizations, and the output of his orchards in Le Mesnil-au-Val. Gouberville poured some of his beloved apple cider into a still and earned the gratitude of generations of brandy lovers to come. The eau de vie that emerged was the first recorded incarnation of what we know as calvados.


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Garbage in, garbage out, the saying goes.
And so finds a new behavioral finance study of investor risk tolerance questionnaires, which have ill-served advisors because they conflate tolerance of risk with perception of risk while ignoring crucial investor propensities of which advisors should be aware.
Behavioral finance researchers Carrie Pan and Meir Statman published their findings on the shortcomings of investor questionnaires in the new issue of the Journal of Investment Consulting. The authors get right to the point in their assessment of these crucial advisor tools, saying in their introduction:
"Many investors who were assessed as risk tolerant in 2007 and assigned portfolios heavy in equities dumped their equities in 2008 and 2009, and some even dumped their advisors."
Pan and Statman give five reasons for the inadequacy of questionnaires. First, they say investors have a multitude of risk tolerances, corresponding to the various goals they have for each of their "mental accounts." They may be intolerant of risking their retirement savings but quite aggressive with funds they'd like to use for jet-setting if they are fortunate enough to generate big returns.
A second problem with investor questionnaires is that they often bear no relationship with actual portfolios. For example, the questions designed to explore an investor's risk may involve job opportunities, which fit into a different mental account for most investors than their portfolios.
The authors also note that risk tolerance is highly influenced by circumstances, such that questions asked after a period of high stock market performance are likely to magnify investors' risk appetite and vice versa following periods of low returns.
A fourth area of concern for advisors using questionnaires is the investor's propensity for hindsight and regret. Some investors will shrug their shoulders at losses, while others will fire their advisors or even sue them for guiding them to unsuitable investments. This is a characteristic that a proper questionnaire should measure.
Finally, some investor propensities—such as high risk tolerance and overconfidence—are closely linked. So there is a danger that current questionnaires will, as a result, exaggerate an investor's risk tolerance.
Pan and Statman offer examples of questions asked by Vanguard, FinaMetrica and others and show how they sometimes bias the measurement of risk tolerance by blurring distinctions between correlated characteristics such as confidence and tolerance. The authors offer their own questions that attempt to capture a clear image of risk tolerance, and along the way they offer a variety of behavioral finance insights.
For example, they point out that the amount of wealth an investor has at stake influences perceptions of risk, which in turn affect risk tolerance. For that reason, a Vanguard investor questionnaire that asks investors to rate their attitudes toward gains and losses in a hypothetical $10,000 portfolio may be irrelevant to an investor concerned about a $1 million retirement portfolio.
Another insight contrasts risk tolerance involving jobs versus portfolios. While very young but also older people are willing to take risks with their jobs (but not those in the middle), risk tolerance toward portfolios steadily decreases as a function of age.
Pan and Statman offer specific guidance for financial advisors based on a number of behavioral finance findings. For example, "advisors need to adjust downward their assessment of the risk tolerance of overconfident investors and perhaps tamp down their overconfidence as well." Such clients are likely to resist diversifying their portolios and holding rather than trading stocks.
A propensity to regret is a key issue for advisors since all investor choices, be they aggressive or conservative, "open the door to regret." While a conservative portfolio is bound to disappoint such an investor in a period where stocks take off, low-risk portfolios nevertheless may shield advisors from lawsuits in contrast to high-risk portfolios coinciding with a stock market meltdown.
Another key investor attribute, often ignored by investor questionnaires, is life satisfaction. Pan and Statman show that while high-income earners generally have greater satisfaction than poor people, and older people tend to be more satisfied than younger people, a key determining variable is the investor's benchmark. If someone with $1 million wants $2 million, he is likely to be less satisfied than someone with $50,000 who'd be happy to have just $40,000.
The authors call for the development of a new investor questionnaire that goes beyond risk tolerance measures to include "information about clients' overconfidence, propensities for maximization, regret, attributing success to luck over skill, trust and life satisfaction."
Read The Word That Scares Away Your Clients on AdvisorOne.


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A four-minute preview of the highly anticipated G.I. Joe: Retaliation will be shown in IMAX, RealD and digital 3D theaters with Hansel & Gretel: Witch Hunters, beginning on January 24th. To debut the footage from the sequel and give a glimpse of what audiences can expect from the 3D conversion, Paramount invited a handful of online press, including Collider, over to the studio lot.
Following the footage, we participated in a roundtable interview with producer Lorenzo di Bonaventura who talked about what it's like to be involved with franchises like G.I. Joe and Transformers that fans are so passionate about, his initial reaction to the news of the delayed release date, why they decided to focus more heavily on the ninjas this time, finding the balance between humor and drama, how he judges whether or not they've pushed an established franchise too far, what he feels the 3D adds to the film, why it's important for the director of a film to love the genre they're working in, and what his tenure at Warner Bros. taught him about handling a franchise, as a producer. Hit the jump for what he had to say, as well as my thoughts on the footage.
As someone who, more often than not, doesn't understand what 3D does to enhance the film-going experience, I have to admit that I am always skeptical when something is presented to me in that format, especially when it's converted quickly without much thought given to anything other than extra money at the box office. However, in the case of G.I. Joe: Retaliation, it is obviously apparent that the release date delay was so that the proper care and time could be devoted to doing the conversion properly, and what has resulted is a depth that adds to the thrill-ride and a vibrancy of color that has me excited to see more.
What we were shown was an abbreviated four-minute version of a larger 10-minute silent fight sequence in the Himalayas, between Storm Shadow (Byung-hun Lee) and Snake Eyes (Ray Park), that was not only really cool (with ninjas, throwing stars, sword fighting, gun play and zip lines), but also easily illustrated how the filmmakers plan to enhance the experience for audiences. And the small glimpse of the banter from both Bruce Willis and Dwayne "The Rock" Johnson showed that, while this film is definitely grittier than the first one, it also isn't taking itself too seriously.
Question: What's it like to be a part of big franchise films like this?
LORENZO DI BONAVENTURA: I had a really funny thing happen to me that's really indicative of how crazy in love people are with these kinds of things. I actually had a heart issue in London, just before the holiday. It turned out fine, but I was on an operating table and they were giving me an angiogram, and the technician started talking to me. He said, "I am the biggest Transformers fan! Are you the producer of Transformers?" I was like, "What are you talking about?!" It went on for awhile, and it was kind of absurd. At one moment, he stopped and said, "Do you want me to stop talking?," and I said, "No. It's the first time I haven't thought about dying in the last few hours. Keep talking." He took his pants down and he was wearing Bumblebee underwear. That kind of passion that it actually does create for people is awesome.
As a guy who's been on both sides, having run Warner Bros. for awhile and now being a producer, what was your reaction when you found out about the release date shift?
DI BONAVENTURA: There were a ton of stories that were completely inaccurate, that we shot all this new footage for Channing [Tatum], and all that stuff. We never shot another frame. I've been asked about that, over the last few months, I don't know how many times. My experience is that you can't possibly win against whatever the tidal wave is that's coming at you. One of the reasons I wanted to show the first round of footage was to go, "Look, guys, this is what we're doing," so you can decide for yourselves about the quality of it and the attitude of it, and you can hear from us about what we've been doing. The only way it will get out there is if enough of you all start saying, "Wait a second, they didn't have new re-shoots or all this stuff."
But there will be some people who are sad there's not more Channing Tatum.
DI BONAVENTURA: Yeah, there will be, for sure. But, there will be some people that are really happy that Bruce Willis and The Rock have plenty of time. It's hard when you have three guys, all of which you want to see be the lead.
Are you deliberately emphasizing the fact that this is a very different film from the first one?
DI BONAVENTURA: I don't know if deliberate is the right word, but I think it is a consequence of what it became, in a way. I really wanted to make the second film more grounded and give a greater sense of grit. The action pictures I've been typically involved with, when somebody gets punched, you really feel the punching, and when somebody gets shot, you really feel the shot. When Jon [Chu] came in, that was one of the things he said to me that made me go, "Okay, I can see why we're going to do this picture together." That's what I wanted to see in the second movie. By casting Bruce and The Rock, they're both, by definition, grounded characters with who they are, so I think the movie does have a different sensibility.
Why did you decide to focus so heavily on ninjas, this time?
DI BONAVENTURA: One of the big complaints about the first movie was that there were not enough ninjas. That's one of the reasons why there's a major storyline that goes on, that's only about ninjas. It's really fun. It's a great sense of fantasy, when you go into that world.
Is the 10-minute silent scene your homage to "Silent Interlude"?
DI BONAVENTURA: That was our whole motivation. There was actually a sound in the middle of it, which we took out. It's really fun! I think the comic book fan who grew up with that is going to love the homage to that, and the fan that has no idea about that will find it a cool sequence.
Where do you lie, between the comic book fan, the cartoon and the action figures?
DI BONAVENTURA: I'm an original Joe guy. I'm too old, unfortunately. Another complaint we had after the first movie was that the people who grew up with the original Joe felt a little bit like, "What world did I enter, here?" Bruce Willis plays Joe Colton, who is the original Joe. So, anybody who grew up with that, now has a bellwether in the movie. Bruce dresses, acts like and says things that sound like the guy that I grew up with, but he's now existing within a larger mythology that the comic books brought to life. In a way, The Rock does a little bit of the grounding too, in the sense that, if you can imagine the ideal soldier, you think of him. He's a little bit like the guy I grew up with, but he's a character of this mythology. One of the things we were trying to do with the movie was to bridge those two things. Bruce Willis and I traded stories about what awful things we did to our G.I. Joe, growing up. So, for those guys, like me, who grew up with that, now we have a character that anchors the movie.
How did you find the balance between the humor and the drama?
DI BONAVENTURA: Somebody I know once said, "Funny is money." When these big action pictures don't have a sense of humor, they're just too dry and they take themselves way too seriously. I guess, every once in awhile, there are certain ones where that works. But for me, I think the audience is coming to this kind of picture to have fun. They want to be wowed, they want to laugh, and they want to relate to the characters. Bruce and The Rock have great comedic timing. There's some very organic simple humor that goes on within the picture that the writers scripted, and there was some that the writers didn't script, that happened just because of who they are. And Bruce is always a guy who comes up with great one-liners, for himself and for other characters. It's really interesting. So, I'm always trying to pick his brain for some ideas 'cause he's always got a couple of great ones. There's a fair amount of humor in the picture. It's that fine line where you want to take yourself seriously, but not too seriously. If you take yourself too seriously, then it gets a little brittle. The ninjas are flying around, so you can't be serious. But, if you take yourself not seriously enough, it loses its gravity. What I keep searching for in movies, more and more, is the right gravity. When you don't take it seriously enough, then why is the audience supposed to invest in the drama? If a character dies, you should feel that. If a character accomplishes something, you should feel that. That's where you try to find that balance. It's impossible to articulate, as you go through it. You just have to recognize it.
You've worked on a couple of big Hasbro franchises and been entrusted with these huge properties that mean so much to people, over generations. What have you learned about how far you can take things without hurting the thing that it was originally?
DI BONAVENTURA: I have a very simple measure of it, for me. The first thing I believe is, if you don't change it a bit, it's not going to work. You don't want it to be exactly what you remember it as. I remember with Transformers 1 and G.I. Joe 1, you could hear people go, "They screwed it up! Oh, my god, they've destroyed my childhood!" And then, you look back at those cartoons and they were great when you were a kid, but when you look at them now, they're clunky as hell. You're like, "Really?! You want the robots to look like that?! You want the Joes to really talk like that and be like that?! No, I don't think so!" If you're not evolving it forward, it's not going to work. It's going to piss a few people off, but the vast majority are either going to come along, if they were fans, or they're going to suddenly become fans, if they weren't fans. Part of our responsibility is to bring new people to the table. They may have dismissed G.I. Joe when they were young, but now they can take away things that Joe stands for, like loyalty, responsibility, valor, comradery, and those sorts of things. I don't take those things lightly. So, you have to take it with great seriousness, and you have to take it with a great sense of evolution. I always consult five to ten people who are hardcore fans, to see how far I can push it. When they go, "Wait a second, you can't do that! That's a sin!," you go, "Okay, fine, we're not going to do that. We tried too far."
So, no PSAs from The Rock?
DI BONAVENTURA: We debated the PSAs. We tried it in the movie, but every time you read it, it was so self-conscious that it didn't stick. But in the marketing, you may see some nods to the PSAs, for sure.
Was there a conversation at the beginning of this, where you talked about doing the film in 3D, or did that only come later on?
DI BONAVENTURA: Yes, in the beginning of it, when Paramount first greenlit it, they said they wanted to shoot it in 3D, and we did, too. But, we couldn't mount the movie in 12 weeks and shoot it in 3D, and they said we didn't have anymore time, so we all agreed on shooting it in 2D. When the news came that we were going to get pushed, it was shocking, at first. You gear your life to that thing, and then, suddenly, that thing is not there anymore. But then, you go, "You're going to spend more money to make our movie better? Great!"
Did the studio just drop the change in release date on you, one day?
DI BONAVENTURA: Yeah, pretty much. It was shocking, at first, not because you're like, "Oh, my god, what a horrible thing?," but your life, your vacations, your kids and your work flow are going right towards there. You plan your whole life around that thing, and then, suddenly, you're changing a date. When they gave us the reason, Jon and I both looked at each other and said, "Let's go!" It probably helps me a bit, having been a head of a studio 'cause there are a lot of different reasons why you move a film. There are plenty of examples where it's been indicative of a movie that's not good, and there are plenty of examples where that has nothing to do with it. You've just got to be willing to brace yourself a little bit for the initial outbreak of, "Oh, the movie sucks! They didn't believe in it!" That's pretty short-lived though, in its duration.
Were you concerned with retailers having already gotten the toys and merchandise?
DI BONAVENTURA: That was hard for them. That's different than for the filmmakers. For us, we thought, "Okay, great!" I look at the 3D and I'm like, "Wow, this looks really cool!" I'm happy that we've done it. I didn't have to mount stuff in my store, and then take it down and grumble about stock.
How do you counter people who feel like 3D is just gimmicky and doesn't really add anything to a story, especially when it's not actually shot that way? What do you think converting this film to 3D brought to it, that it didn't have in 2D?
DI BONAVENTURA: I think there's a freshness to it. Knowing the film so well, I see a scene now and I'm like, "Wow, that's totally different." It's almost like seeing the film again, for the first time. For those people who haven't seen it yet, 3D is very dynamic and, when you get it right, it's visually appealing. I don't know if everyone will love it, or even like it, but I look at it and say that it adds a whole [new layer]. There's the element that 3D adds that's playful and fun, and then there are things where, as a filmmaker, you look and go, "Wow, that scene felt like a normal scene, but because of the depth of it, it just feels different." I think two, three or four years from now, when we're so used to 3D, it won't have that effect. But right now, it feels different.
What was it about Jon M. Chu's take on the film that appealed to you?
DI BONAVENTURA: Jon has a really strong sense of aesthetic. From the beginning, he aligned with me about how to make this as gritty as it could feel, but also as comic booky as it could feel. It was about trying to find the duality of that, which I thought was so successful with The Joker. That was very comic booky, but it was very gritty. That's the pinnacle of it, in that character and the way Chris Nolan did that. That's what we tried to accomplish here. Some filmmakers want to make apologies about the kinds of movies they make, genre wise, but he wasn't making any apologies about making a comic book movie. He was really excited to make a comic book movie. The hardest thing, as a producer, is to find a director who does the picture for all the right reasons, and not just because they know it's successful or that they can do a good job, but in their bones, they love that genre. Jon loved the genre.
What did your tenure at Warner Bros. include, franchise wise, and what did that teach you about how to handle it now, as a producer?
DI BONAVENTURA: The touchstones for me would be The Matrix, which I pushed through, and Harry Potter, which I bought. Those two franchises taught me a lot about quality of effects, quality of execution, and the retail side of it and how mammoth that is. A lot of people say, "Oh, you're just making toys and sheets," but I'm always amazed. That guy had Bumblebee underwear on! A lot of people look at that and go, "It's so commercial," but that's nonsense. It's part of our world. It means people are passionate about it. How great is it that they had Star Wars sheets? It doesn't make me turn my nose up at the movie because there are things like that. I think it can go a little too far sometimes. I remember being petitioned for the Harry Potter toilet paper, and I thought that might be a little far. There are certain times where people take it too far. But, one of the great things about movies is that people get that excited about what you're doing. I just shot two movies in England and the Harry Potter tour is this huge thing there. I love that that occurred. I love it for [J.K. Rowling], I love it for all the filmmakers, and I love it for all of us who got to be a part of it. We did something right.
G.I. Joe: Retaliation opens in theaters on March 29th. Click here to read our interview with director Jon M. Chu.


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The holidays are full of surprises. There is none more stressful than the impromptu vacation, especially when you have a pet in the family. Before frantically calling every kennel in town, check with the hotel (if you're staying in one) to see if they allow pets and what the pet policy is. If taking a four-legged companion isn't an option, there are certain considerations to make before boarding your pet.
Get to know the place. It is just like sending a child to summer camp; you want to make sure you know everything there is to know about the facility where your pet will be staying. Make sure it is clean, there is enough room inside the kennels for your pet to move around comfortably, and there is proper bedding, fresh water and food.
If your pet needs specific medications, make sure you discuss these before hand with the facility. It is a good idea to find out which members of the staff are going to be taking care of your pet and go over any special needs your pet may have during the stay. All labels on the medications should be clearly labeled and have dosage instructions with them. Check and double check that there is enough medication for the duration of the pet's stay – leaving a little extra is a good plan in case of emergency. If your pet is staying at a kennel, take your veterinarian's business card and emergency clinic to give to the staff. Leave contact information with your veterinarian along with treatment authorization during your absence.
Especially with last minute boarding, it helps keep your pet comfortable when there is something that brings memories of home. Bedding, toys, bowls or anything your pet is attached to can serve as a comfort during what can be a stressful time. Bring the food your pet is accustomed to eating at home to the facility. A change in diet can result in diarrhea, very common in boarded pets. The added stress from being in an unfamiliar environment can exacerbate the symptoms.
Separation anxiety is common in boarded pets. To help ease the stress, board your pet the day you start packing for the trip. Packing activity, like stuffing suitcases, can trigger emotional stress in susceptible pets.
Most importantly, give you and your pet time. Although some trips are unplanned, a good rule of thumb is to plan your pet's boarding the same way you would plan a trip. Not only is it one less thing to worry about while running out the door, it relieves unnecessary anxiety for your pet, a benefit to all parties involved.


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I have always wondered how the Sabbath day was changed to Sunday. As Reformed and Presbyterian, I do worship on Sunday, but have always wanted to know specifics of the change.
Obviously, Sunday was the day of our Lord's resurrection, but I was curious to know your position and specific scripture references to back this up.
I have been asked this question by a Seventh-Day Adventist.
Last week we observed the continuity from old covenant to new in the continued authority of the Fourth Commandment. But there is also discontinuity. The new covenant is new! That discontinuity appears in two ways:
1. Old covenant features are removed. (We'll look at that this week.)
2. The day is changed from the 7th to the 1st day of the week. (We'll look at that next week.)
First, there is discontinuity in that old covenant features are removed for the Christian.
From Acts 2:46, 3:1, 9:1,2, and other passages it is evident that the first Christians, who were Jewish, did not immediately abandon the ancient practices given through Moses, but continued to meet in the temple and synagogue for worship on the Jewish Sabbath while at the same time observing the first day of the week as the Lord's Day (see below). The word "Sabbath" did not become attached to the Lord's Day because it continued to be associated with the ongoing Jewish system zealously adhered to by those who rejected the Messiah and His followers.
As Gentiles became Christians tension arose over the authority of old covenant law in the church. Are Gentile believers in Christ obligated to assume "the yoke of the law" in order to be truly God's people? This issue was very broad in its effects, touching on dietary rules (Acts 10:9-28, Galatians 2:11-14), the practice of circumcision (Acts 15:1, Galatians 2:1-5, etc.), and other matters.
Among the "other matters" is the question of the observance of the Jewish Sabbath, which Paul addresses in Colossians 2:16 and Romans 14:4-12. In these passages Paul affirms the Christian's liberty from ordinances of the old covenant which were merely the shadows of the glorious reality which has now come in Christ (Col.2:17). The 7th day Sabbath, with its old covenant ceremonies prefiguring Christ and his work, has been superseded by the fullness that has come. Jewish Christians who wish to continue in the old practices have liberty to do so, so long as they do not suppose that they are under obligation from God to do so or that there is any merit in so doing (Romans 9:31-10:4). No one should condemn them; and even Paul exercised such liberty when it was useful for the gospel (1 Corinthians 9:20; Acts 16:3, 18:18, 21:20-26). By the same token, Jewish Christians are not to condemn Gentile believers who disregard the old Sabbaths, feast days, and new moons (Col. 2:16).
Under the Sinaitic covenant the simple creation ordinance of the Sabbath (Genesis 2:3, which preceded the later Mosaic covenant and did not expire with it) was greatly expanded. The Lord ordained various legal and ceremonial elaborations of the Sabbath, ordinances which were of a temporary nature, looking forward to the coming of Christ and the new covenant.
(1). The Sabbath idea was expanded to include Sabbath years (every 7th year), during which the land was to be given rest and the oppressed were to be liberated (Leviticus 25:1-8, 6:34f., 43, 2 Chronicles 36:21).
(2). Special Sabbaths, days of "holy convocation", were added: the Day of Atonement, the Feast of Tabernacles, the Feast of First Fruits (Leviticus 23:2, 16:31, 23:11-16, 24, 32, 38f.).
(3). Special ceremonies and sacrifices were appointed for the weekly Sabbaths along with new moons and festival days (1 Chronicles 23:21, 2 Chronicles 2:4, 8:13, 31:3, Nehemiah 10:33, Isaiah 1:13f., Hosea 2:11, Leviticus 24:8, Numbers 28:9,10, 1 Chronicles 9:32; cf. Colossians 2:16).
It is this conjunction of Sabbaths with new moons and festival days that is emblematic of the distinctively Mosaic order as Paul refers to it in Colossians 2:16. He is not saying that believers in Christ may now disregard the Fourth Commandment, but that they are not bound to the distinctively Jewish (old covenant) observances associated with that Command under Moses.
Next week we will (finally!) deal with the second discontinuity, i.e., that the day is changed from the 7th to the 1st day of the week.
"Questions and Answers" is a weekly feature of the OPC website. The answers come from individual ministers in the Orthodox Presbyterian Church expressing their own convictions and do not necessarily represent an "official" position of the Church, especially in areas where the Standards of the Church (the Scriptures and the Westminster Confession of Faith and Catechisms) are silent.
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Chaplains and Military Personnel


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Folding Smartphone Charger Saves Space, Prevents Damage [REVIEW]
A Look at The Mu
After its clever concept product design went viral, UK firm Made in Mind brought an altered version of the product to the British market.
In 2009, designer Min-Kyu Choi's YouTube video (embedded above) showed a cunning concept that dramatically reduced the size and bulk of the British plug. Choi's vision hit a chord with consumers, and was quickly shared online, covered by tech blogs around the world, and went on to win design awards.
Choi explains how the design came about. "I was frustrated by the dimensions of the traditional plug, and felt that the existing unit, which dates back to 1947, was out of touch and incongruous with modern design. My idea was very simple — redesign the plug to bring it in line with the clean look and feel of today's technology, without compromising functionality."
While a laptop charger is still in the works, the Mu, a folding USB adapter for smartphones, is now available for purchase in the British Isles.
A small, white device, the Mu folds out to reveal three prongs, two of which swivel to take the traditional plug shape, ready to charge your USB-powered smartphone. When folded down, the Mu is compact and (crucially) safe to chuck in your bag, without fear of the prongs damaging your kit.
At £25, the Mu is a pricey alternative to an iPhone USB plug (OEM versions can be picked up for a couple of pounds), but it is a price many design aficionados and digital nomads will be happy to pay. And if its fold-down design prevents the pain of stepping on an upended plug even once, it's priceless.


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Search Constraints
You searched for: Subject Economy Remove constraint Subject: Economy Subject Landslides Remove constraint Subject: Landslides Subject Environment Remove constraint Subject: Environment Subject Geology Remove constraint Subject: Geology Institution Stanford Remove constraint Institution: Stanford Place Noyo River (Calif.) Remove constraint Place: Noyo River (Calif.)
Search Results
1. Mapping Symbology: Noyo River Watershed, California, 2000
2000. California. Division of Mines and Geology. This file contains the geologic mapping symbology, such as landslide scarps and direction of movement arrows, as well as prior landslide activity, ... California. Division of Mines and Geology.


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General Computers
The Library has more than 100 computers available on a first-come, first-served basis. These computers may not be reserved in advance. Guests may use a computer for up to two hours; card holders may use a computer for a longer period of time if no one is waiting. General-use computers provide Internet access and allow printing to a nearby black and white or color printer. USB drives may be used at these computers.
Computer Labs
The Southfield Public Library has two Computer Labs with a total of 28 computers available for public use. The Computer Labs are located on the first and third floors of the Library. The purpose of the Labs is to allow Library staff to provide instructional classes and to provide individual users with access to selected software programs for research, educational, and business use.
Computer Lab Policy
- The Computer Labs will be open to individual users when classes are not scheduled. The Computer Labs are not available for rental. Computer use is free.
- Equipment available: computers, printers, flat-bed scanner.
- Computer use is first-come, first-served.
- There is a limit of two (2) users per workstation.
- There is a charge for printing. Color and black & white printing is available.
- Software available: Internet Explorer, Publisher, FrontPage, Word, Access, Excel, and PowerPoint.
- Library staff will provide assistance with opening, closing, printing, scanning, and basic software functions. Patrons will be directed to online tutorials and printed resources for further instruction.
- All computer users must leave the Lab 30 minutes before a scheduled class. Lab computers will automatically power down at closing.
- The Library Code of Conduct and the Public Computer Use and Internet Policy will be enforced in the Computer Labs. The Library reserves the right to monitor and disallow equipment usage.
- Unethical, illegal, or misuse of equipment may result in a denial of computer privileges and/or further action by local authorities.
- All equipment is used and data accessed at the user's risk.
- It is the user's responsibility to provide their own storage media (CD-R/RWs) or (Travel / Thumb / Flash drives) and backup work frequently. The Library is not responsible for any corruption or loss of data due to power failures, computer hardware/software failures, network difficulties and/or users not periodically saving their work. Diskette use is not supported.
Permitted in the Labs:
- Document creation or editing using the available Library software if the format is supported.
- Headphones and USB storage devices that do not require the installation of software.
- Internet searching for research purposes.
- Downloading files to supported media.
- Loading of personal paper in the printers (note: you must have approval from Library Staff in advance of loading paper; some paper may not be suitable for use in our printers).
Not Permitted in the Labs:
- Unauthorized programs may not be uploaded to the hard drives or network.
- USB port connection for equipment other than for handheld PCs, memory sticks, travel / thumb / flash drives and cameras.
- Recreational use, including, but not limited to: watching films or videos, listening to music when not also doing research, using social networking web sites, engaging in Chat, or playing games of any sort.
- Cell phone conversations. Please place your phone on vibrate mode and take calls outside of the Lab.


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"We know that Iran would create access for terrorists – access for them – to these nuclear weapons, making the Middle East a nuclear tinbox. We cannot trust this regime. We know that fact beyond any potential doubt."
"A vote for this resolution is a vote for the concept of pre-emptive war."


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By using the same technique that recently revealed two planets more than 5,000 light years away from Earth, Ohio State University researchers could again potentially uncover new celestial bodies.
The technique, called gravitational microlensing, is based on one aspect of Einstein's theory of relativity: gravity bends space. When two stars align almost perfectly with Earth, the gravity of the star closest to Earth temporarily bends and magnifies the light from the more distant star. The closer the stars are to a straight line the greater the magnification, and the more intricate and complex the data.
Andrew Gould, Ph.D., a professor of astronomy at The Ohio State University, and his colleagues are using the Ohio Supercomputer Center to decipher data collected by a team of international astronomers from such a microlensing event last year.
"The light curve had two sharp spikes, so we knew almost immediately there is a planet," Gould said, "because stars without planets produce smooth, bell-shaped light curves." However, after many weeks of intensive calculations, a single-planet model just didn't fit.
"That means there must be a second object orbiting the star," Gould said. To identify the object, Gould and Ohio State graduate student Subo Dong are testing more than 100 million different models on OSC's supercomputers.
"No matter what our answers turn out to be, this is exciting," Dong said. "We just need to figure out if the second orbiting object is another star, or a new planet."
Project lead: Andrew Gould, Ph.D., The Ohio State University
Research title: High magnification microlensing: Theory & planet detection
Funding source: National Science Foundation


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06 January, 2014 | (01 hr)
Sign In to access this Webcast
There is no doubt that social media and social networks will play a role in the workplace of the future. As social-based solutions continue to be integrated into everyday work, we will not be able to distinguish the social from the non-social. It will all be just work. This session will feature a speaker who will speculate on how organizations will work in the next 5, 10, 15 years.
Louis Richardson
Louis serves as a Worldwide Evangelist & Storyteller for IBM. In this role, he has the opportunity to meet with business leaders who have interest in uncovering and leveraging people's creative potential. Louis shares his experiences and observations with both large and small audiences....Full Bio
Stephanie Cady


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GRN Reports:
May 2014 will go down as yet another signal that global warming is worsening. The month was the warmest ever — when both land and ocean surface temperatures are averaged — in recorded history, according to NOAA.
And not by a little bit, either. The combined average temperature over land and oceans was .74°C (1.33°F) above the 20th century average of 14.8°C (58.6°F).
That fraction of a degree Celsius may not seem like an emergency, but climate experts note that the earth is tilting toward a huge change if warming continues. A degree or two warmer on average will melt ice caps faster, raise oceans, and well, you've heard the predictions.
A key in reading this warning signal is to remember that global warming refers to global temperatures, not necessarily the sort of day any town or city is experiencing on its dot of the globe.
Here's how NOAA explained this May bellwether:
"With records dating back to 1880, the combined average temperature over global land and ocean surfaces reached a record high for May, at 0.74°C (1.33°F) higher than the 20th century average. This surpassed the previous record high anomaly of 0.72°C (1.30°F) set in 2010."
Furthermore, May temperatures have been warming fairly consistently over the last few years:
"Four of the five warmest Mays on record have occurred in the past five years: 2010 (second warmest), 2012 (third warmest), 2013 (fifth warmest), and 2014 (warmest); currently, 1998 has the fourth warmest May on record. Additionally, May 2014 marked the 39th consecutive May and 351st consecutive month (more than 29 years) with a global temperature above the 20th century average."
OK, pause while your eyes unglaze. That's a lot of statistics talking. But there's more info from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), which spells a bottomline for planet Earth that looks, well, feverish:
- The global land surface temperature was 1.13°C (2.03°F) above the 20th century average of 11.1°C (52.0°F), the fourth highest for May on record. For the ocean, the May global sea surface temperature was 0.59°C (1.06°F) above the 20th century average of 16.3°C (61.3°F), making it the record highest for May and tying with June 1998, October 2003, and July 2009 as the highest departure from average for any month on record.
- The combined global land and ocean average surface temperature for the March–May period was 0.74°C (1.33°F) above the 20th century average of 13.7°C (56.7°F), making it the second warmest such period on record, behind 2010.
- The March–May worldwide land surface temperature was 1.26°C (2.27°F) above the 20th century average, the third warmest such period on record. The global ocean surface temperature for the same period was 0.54°C (0.97°F) above the 20th century average, also the third warmest March–May on record.
- The combined global land and ocean average surface temperature for the January–May period (year-to-date) was 0.66°C (1.19°F) above the 20th century average of 13.1°C (55.5°F), the fifth warmest such period on record.
Have we heard enough?
Environmentalist Bill McKibben has. He tweeted, drolly: "April and May were each the warmest on record. It's as if there was some kind if trend…"


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Doubts over 2010 Census' ability to jumpstart economy
The U.S. government is hiring about 1.2 million temporary workers for the 2010 Census, but it's questionable whether those positions will give a major, sustained boost to the economy.
Though news outlets such as the New York Times and Bloomberg have reported on expectations that census hiring will jumpstart an economic recovery, others, such as Daniel Indiviglio in the Atlantic, are now asserting that the rebound will be weak at best.
As we've noted before, these positions are temporary — about six weeks — so they don't provide the long-term income that could lead to increased spending or significant improvements in the unemployment rate, now at 10 percent. Indiviglio also makes some interesting points about the nature of the census jobs:
What's worse, these jobs are utterly unproductive. These aren't manufacturing jobs where these individuals are creating products to be sold overseas. They're not infrastructure jobs that will improve roads and make commerce more efficient. They're not even construction jobs to weatherize homes and help drive down U.S. energy costs. These workers will be walking from door to door and taking a count. Nothing will be produced except for some statistics, with no direct economic value.
Finally, census work might be better than no work, but that's all it's better than. These are likely jobs that will contribute very little to most of these individuals' skill sets and career development. That means, other than perhaps timing, they'll likely be in no better position to get a good job after the census ends than they were beforehand.
That said, the Census Bureau needs workers and, in this economy, it's hard to be too critical of officials and economists touting the jobs the census brings, even if the claims of a major economic impact are dubious. As Bloomberg notes, the census is still likely to be the biggest single source of new jobs in the coming months:
The surge will probably dwarf any hiring by private employers early in 2010 as companies delay adding staff until they are convinced the economic recovery will be sustained.
Tags: 2010 Census, economy, Jobs, recession, recovery, unemployment rate


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Browse All Issues: 1924-2006
The Avondale Sun, a newspaper published by Avondale Mills for its
employees, ran from 1924-2006. Over its 82 year history it published community
and employee news, company information, and photographs. G. Stephen Felker,
chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Avondale Mills, Inc., donated the
Avondale Sun newspaper collection to the B.B. Comer Memorial Library in
Additional Information:
History of Avondale Mills
Braxton Bragg Comer, 1848-1927
Donald Comer, 1877-1963
B.B. Comer Memorial Library - 314 North Broadway - Sylacauga,
Alabama, 35150 (256) 249-0961
Hosted by Birmingham Public Library (Alabama)


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Written By: NM State Athletic Dept.
LAS CRUCES, N.M. - It took all 60 minutes of playing time, maybe a little bit more, but the New Mexico State football team got its first victory of the Doug Martin era. The Aggies defeated Abilene Christian University, 34-29, Saturday night inside Aggie Memorial Stadium in one of the most memorable finishes in the stadium's history.
With its first victory of the season, NM State moves to 1-7 on the season while the Wildcats drop to 5-4.
The final score was not decided until the final play of the game. After ACU scored a touchdown to cut the Aggie lead to six with 19 seconds remaining in the game, NM State could not recover a Wildcat onside kick, giving ACU a final chance.
The Wildcats hurt their chances with a 15-yard unsportsmanlike conduct penalty and a 10-yard holding penalty that placed the ball at their own 21-yard line with nine seconds remaining.
ACU quarterback John David Baker launched a hail-Mary pass that was tipped by a couple of Aggie players right into the hands of Wildcat receiver Monte Green-Avery around the NM State 40-yard line. Green-Avery proceeded to lateral the ball to fellow ACU wide receiver Gabriel Taylor who seemed to have a clear path to the end zone running down the right sideline. With the clock expired, senior linebacker Trashaun Nixon ran down Taylor and pushed him out of bounds at the 6-yard line to end the game.
It was a career night for the Aggies on both sides of the ball.
On the offensive side, senior running back Germi Morrison ran for a career-high 146 yards on 28 carries to go along with two touchdowns. It was Morrison's first 100-yard game this season.
Senior Austin Franklin, meanwhile, had a career-high 11 receptions on the night for 122 yards. Franklin now has nine 100-yard games in his NM State career. Franklin also cracked the top-10 list for career receptions as an Aggie after the first play of the game. He would finish the night sitting at 127 total receptions for his career and in ninth place all time.
NM State quarterback Andrew McDonald finished the night with one touchdown throw and 239 passing yards on 23-of-30 passing while also throwing two interceptions.
Defensively, freshman safety Kawe Johnson had a career-high 12 total tackles, including three unassisted, to lead the Aggies. He would be the only NM State defensive player to finish with double-digit tackles.
Senior cornerback Cameron Fuller also had a big night for the Aggie defense. He intercepted his first pass as an Aggie during a crucial time in the first half.
The Aggies, who were trailing 22-21 at halftime, used three late scoring drives and an aggressive defense that did not allow a Wildcat point in the second half until the late touchdown to seemingly take a commanding lead.
The first NM State points in the second half came after a forced fumble by senior Darien Johnson and recovery by senior Anthony Edwards gave NM State the ball in good field position.
After no one scored in the third quarter, the Aggies would convert the turnover into points during the first play of the fourth quarter with a 32-yard field goal by Maxwell Johnson.
NM State would add another ten points in the second half, a 5-yard touchdown run by Morrison and another field goal by Johnson, to take a 34-22 lead with 2:32 left in the game that would set up the fantastic ending.
The Aggies started the game off strong, going 80 yards on 13 plays. Morrison capped of the drive with an 8-yard touchdown run off left tackle, his third touchdown run of the season, giving NM State an early 7-0 lead. The Aggies rushed for 43 yards on the drive and McDonald went 5-of-5 through the air.
The Wildcats answered with a long drive of their own, scoring on a 20-yard field goal by sophomore kicker Nik Grau after an 11-play drive to cut the NM State lead to 7-3 with 3:41 left in the first quarter.
Some bad luck ensued on NM State's second possession as a pass intended for Franklin tipped of his hands and fell right into the hands of ACU linebacker Jesse Harper around midfield. Harper returned the interception to the Aggie 47-yard line.
The Wildcats could do nothing with the field position, however, as the Aggie defense forced a three-and-out, heavily aided by a big open-field tackle by Fuller on third down.
Fuller would make another big third-down play during ACU's next possession. The Wildcats started the second quarter by driving to the NM State 35-yard line. On third-and-6, however, Fuller came up with his big interception.
NM State would capitalize on the Fuller turnover nine plays later. After 17-yard and 16-yard passes by McDonald and a face mask penalty on the Wildcats, the Aggies found themselves with a first and goal. McDonald proceeded to hit junior Adam Shapiro with a short shovel pass which Shapiro turned into a 6-yard touchdown.
NM State led 14-3 with 10:17 left in the half. But ACU struck right back, going on a nine-play drive of its own and matching the Aggies' touchdown. The extra point was blocked by Aggie senior Willie Mobley to keep NM State's lead at 14-9.
With the ball at the Aggie 26-yard line, McDonald would throw his interception of the game. This time the Wildcats would capitalize on the turnover and short field with a 20-yard touchdown pass. Once again ACU could not convert the extra point. Nevertheless, the Wildcats had their first lead of the game, 15-14, with 3:36 remaining in the first half.
NM State would also answer the call, however, turning in another nine-play drive, this time for 69 yards. The drive was capped off with some Aggie trickery as McDonald handed the ball off on a reverse to Shapiro who proceeded to add a 6-yard touchdown pass to his 6-yard reception by hitting senior Perris Scoggins in the end zone.
With 52 seconds left in the half, it seemed NM State would lead 21-15 heading into the half.
ACU, however, went 65 yards in three plays and scored a touchdown with nine seconds left in the half to take a 22-21 halftime lead.
McDonald went 12-of-17 for 119 yards, one touchdown and two interceptions on the half.
Morrison had 12 carries for 67 yards and a touchdown while Franklin had five receptions for 42 yards.
Johnson already had double-digit tackles after one half, finishing the first half with 10-total tackles.
NM State now travels to Louisiana to play Louisiana-Lafayette on Saturday, Nov. 2, at 3 p.m.


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In the second volume of his abridgement of Joseph Needham's original text, Colin Ronan looks in detail at the early Chinese contributions to various sciences. The first section deals with mathematics, and it is shown that the Chinese works were comparable with the pre-Renaissance achievements of the old world. This account is written with the non-mathematician in mind. The text is next concerned with the sciences of astronomy and meteorology, followed by the Earth sciences: geography, cartography, geology, seismology and mineralogy. Volume 2 closes with a description of some aspects of Chinese physics, including their predilection for the wave theory as opposed to particles, metrology, statics, hydrostatics, heat, light and sound.Ronan, Colin A. is the author of 'Shorter Science and Civilisation in China An Abridgement of Joseph Needham's Original Text' with ISBN 9780521292863 and ISBN 0521292867.[read more]
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Mike Malewicki at first didn't notice he had a such a rare catch when he hauled in his lobster trap 12 miles offshore earlier this week. But there it was crawling among the usual load of brown and green crustaceans — a cobalt blue lobster.
Scientists estimate 1 in about 5 million lobsters is blue, although that number might be revised after a number of recent reports, said Tony LaCasse, spokesman for the New England Aquarium in Boston.
Malewicki, who has been lobstering for 30 years, initially gave the 1.1-pound blue lobster to a local seafood market to display for children to see. The market called the aquarium, which will exhibit Malewicki's catch with two other blue lobsters in its collection.
LaCasse said blue lobsters face long odds of survival. Most lobsters are a green/brown color - before they're cooked - and blend in with the ocean bottom to avoid predators.
"It's a testimony to that little guy that he's gotten this far," said LaCasse.
Despite their rarity, blue lobsters aren't worth a lot of money.
"People generally don't want to eat them," LaCasse said.
Details for this story were reported by The Salem, Mass., News.


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Members of the Lakatos family met Aug. 7, for the 24th annual family reunion at the home of David and Linda Lips in Tecumseh, Mich.
The Lips, Gillies and Dewitz families serves as the hosts. Nearly 50 descendants of Rose and Alex Lakatos, formerly of Morenci, came from Tecumseh, Britton, Deerfield, Blissfield, Adrian, Morenci, Sand Creek, Whitmore Lake and Corunna, Mich.; Lyons and Columbus, Ohio; and Locust Grove, Va., for a potluck lunch. A short meeting was held to catch up on family events.
Those in attendance took part in games of water brigade, "How well can you hear?" and Bingo. There was also a family quiz about Grandma and Grandpa Lakatos. A 50/50 raffle was held and door prizes were given out.
Each guest was asked to bring a Hungarian heritage dessert, along with the recipe. The desserts were auctioned off to the highest bidder by two crowd pleasing auctioneers who were able to get the bidding very high. The proceeds went to the family flower fund.
Dean and Julie Lakatos will host the 2012 reunion.