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All the things I thought I knew, I'm learning again. 13 Reasons Why Season 2...it seems so paradigm, drastic and societal. But every one of their stories is real...for someone. So here I sit crawling back in time to a segment of my reality that tears have never shed for before. Who do we think... Continue Reading →
The Sandman
I'm starting to think that these terrible nightmares I've been having will become something I just get used to living with. What in the...fuuuuuuck, no. I don't want to feel like every time I find the light, something pulls me back into the dark. You can't hide from your fucking self. Occasionally I do try though,... Continue Reading →
Feeding the Darkness 💀
Is loneliness so real that it can make you want to wish you didn't feel anything at all? Logic reminds me that it's all in my head, but my heart still breaks into pieces otherwise. Sometimes I contemplate staying here - in this dark place. Since when did I become so haunted with memories of... Continue Reading →
You ever have those relationships in your life that taught you things before you knew what those lessons even were? I've been blessed to have many of those on this journey, some much greater than others. High school was an experience I'd like to forget. But without DAW I don't think I would have made... Continue Reading →
Sunday Shit
I don't think I've ever had a lesson as committed as this one - control is actually the ability to have none. Since when did patience, balance and vulnerability come to exist in one sentence, surely never for me. Not to mention a part of what's holding one back from every aspect of their life.... Continue Reading →
Grandflower (noun): a grandparent who helps you blossom into something beautiful by believing in you every step of the way. I've been wanting to write about one of my biggest sources of strength for a while now, but every time I think I can bring myself to start, I grow into a giant tree... Continue Reading →
Hear Me Roar
America Made Me a Feminist - The New York Times "The American woman is told she can do anything and then is knocked down the moment she proves it." But much like boxing, you get right back up because eventually they'll get tired of swinging and that's when you go in for the final punch.... Continue Reading →
What Has Been Isn't What Will Be
Everyday I tell myself that the past doesn't define my future. That what has been isn't what will be. At what point do your words hold true and manifestation becomes your reality? Maybe it's in those sudden deep breaths you take to calm your anxiety while driving home from a night with friends. Maybe it's... Continue Reading →
Let Reality Be Reality
Surrender. What do you do when you don't know what to do? When you see one thing, but feel another? When you want something and it's so far out of your reach? Breathe. When outside your powerless, but inside your powerful. Where questions don't always have answers, but truth sets you free. Search within. What... Continue Reading →
Be Candid as Fuck
Thought of the day: Time goes by way too fast. I swear that I blink and suddenly it's a week later, which is so god damn intense considering all of the things that one can experience within merely a 24-hour period, and then add 6 more to that. This journey toward self-discovery has been one... Continue Reading →
Dark Night of the Soul
The "dark night of the soul" is a term used to describe what one could call a collapse of a perceived meaning in life. The nights which the soul experiences are the necessary purgations on the path to Divine union, of which there are two: the first is of the sensory or sensitive part of... Continue Reading →


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Kelly Clarkson Pokes Fun At Rumored Carrie Underwood Feud: Read Her Tweet
By Hayden Brooks
April 19, 2019
Kelly Clarkson and Carrie Underwood are on the cover of the latest Star magazine over their "secret feud" and the American Idol OG has something to say about the faux scandal.
On Thursday (April 18), The Voice judge took to Twitter to share a photo of the new issue, which features a story about how both of the stars have been "trashing each other to friends." "Someone just sent me this & I'm like why does she get the good pic & I have the worst expression I've ever made w/zero muscles being used in my face ha!" Clarkson joked to her 12.3 million followers. "I officially have a feud w/whoever used this pic! At least give me a good pic if y'all are gonna be lying is all I'm sayin'"
Clarkson went on to entertain one user, who explained that the reason Underwood didn't get a bad photo is because there is no bad photo of Underwood. "Hahaha touché," she replied. "Well, I have PLENTY of rough ones ha! But I guess it builds character and keeps me humble. This is what I tell myself."
Back at the 2018 Radio Disney Music Awards, Clarkson and Underwood took a photo together, putting a minor pause to the rumors. "Everybody always tries to pit me and Carrie against each other," the 36-year-old explained to Entertainment Tonight. "So, when I saw her I was like, 'You know what? Let's just end this right now and get a picture together because we are never in the same place.' And, like, it never happens. And people always try to put it together like we're enemies. And I'm like, 'We don't even know each other well enough to be enemies.' So, anyway, I went to get a picture and then everybody lost their mind."
Photo: Getty Images

subset: commoncrawl


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So, you're still sore about that little fun that the people over at GOG.com had at the expense of the thousands of DRM-free gaming fans? Well, fear not, because the administrators of GOGaland have decided to give away a free game to all users who had registered before 20th September, 2010 the day the old GOG shut down to reveal the new beta-less GOG. Yes, Jagged Alliance: Deadly Games is what you, loyal GOG user, will get over the next few days.
According to the site:
The buzz around GOG's closure and re-opening has slowly fade away and we wanted to sum up the beta stage with a special gift for all those who have been with us during that period. Two years ago we began our revival of all-time PC-gaming classics for all you fans of good old games. Through ups and downs we've received a lot of support from the best community we could ever imagine (that's you!) and we want to thank everyone who's been with us through our beta stage with a special gift.
So, they have chosen what is widely regarded as a tactical masterpiece for their giveaway! Already bought Deadly Games? Fear not, they do have an alternative gift cooking hot for you!


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The Priesthood Reigns on Earth
The priesthood reigns on earth
O'er ev'ry land and time,
While saints, in gratitude,
Acknowledge love divine.
Sing praises, shout acclaim!
New light extends its rays;
God, in his mercy, hath
Revealed the latter days.
To men both clean and pure
The holy pow'r is giv'n
To speak for God on earth
And bring men back to heav'n.
The living God sends out
His message to all lands,
Truth seeks the honest heart,
The spirit understands.
Text: Kathryn Burton
Music: Mariann Richards
Artist: Burton/Richards
Album: Music Published in the Church Magazines: New Era
Composition Date: 1980-05-01
More Info: New Era


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For many, the 70s were a wasteland, a hangover from the excesses of the 60s.
Marianne Faithfull is a classic example. Entering the decade estranged from Mick Jagger, struggling with a drug addiction the English artist would spend the next ten years battling her issues.
As the 70s drew to a close, though, Faithfull managed to transcend her problems with some of the finest work of her career. Initially released in 1979, 'Broken English' remains a confounding, beautiful, frustrating piece of work. Allowing her troubles to surface, Marianne Faithfull's voice sounds older, cracked in comparison to the golden tones found on those classic 60s singles.
The production reflects the troubled era it was born in. Emerging electronics make an impression, while the sheer rage which 'Broken English' conjures at times is capable of holding its own with anything in the punk or post-punk era. After all, Marianne Faithfull had her own, quite personal, reasons for doing away with the memory of the 60s...
Reflecting on the album, recently, Marianne Faithfull emphasised that those original sessions were overshadowed by a lingering sense of her own mortality. "I thought I was going to die, that this was my last chance to make a record. It's this sense, that "fucking hell, before I die, I'm going to show you bastards who I am."
Set to be re-issued on January 28th, 'Broken English' is set to be packaged with a number of unreleased tracks and rarities. 'Sister Morphine' occupies a unique place in the Marianne Faithfull canon, since it was co-written with Mick Jagger and was later recorded by The Rolling Stones.
In 1982, though, Marianne Faithfull decided to re-visit the track as part of Island's 20th anniversary celebrations. Available as part of the new 'Broken English' package, you can listen to 'Sister Morphine' below.
- - -
An expanded re-issue of 'Broken English' is set to be released on January 28th.


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Biddle Law Library: National Bankruptcy Archives [Contact Us]
(Bulk: 1975-1998)
Klee, Kenneth N.
Extent: 28.5 linear feet
Kenneth N. Klee spent his career analyzing bankruptcy law and advocating for pro-debtor reforms to the Bankruptcy Code. He graduated from Harvard Law School in 1974 and joined to the California bar in 1975. He began his career as Associate Counsel for the Subcommittee on Civil and Constitutional Rights, a subunit of the House of Representatives' Committee on the Judiciary, where he advised Congress and helped draft legislation related to bankruptcy reform in the 1970s. He was also a consultant to the House Judiciary Committee from 1977 to 1982 and the Department of Justice from 1983 to 1985. Klee was a member of the National Bankruptcy Conference, an association of scholars and practitioners committed to the study of bankruptcy legislation and reform, where he was chair of the Committee on Legislation from 1992 to 1999. He worked at Stutman, Treister and Glatt and was a founding partner of Klee, Tuchin, Bogdanoff, and Stern, LLP. The collection, 1969-1999, includes papers relating to Klee's work from 1969 to 1995 as a legal assistant to the Committee on the Judiciary, including drafts of bills, handwritten notes, markup copies of legislation, reports, and correspondence; materials related to Klee's legislative activities from 1997 to 1999 as a member of the National Bankruptcy Conference; lectures, presentations, and related material created by Klee for continuing education courses, seminars, and other programs; course materials related to Klee's professorships at UCLA and USC from 1979 to 1984; photocopies and other reference material; and related material.


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Latest Neurology News
WEDNESDAY, Dec. 18, 2013 (HealthDay News) -- Deep brain stimulation might help improve the driving ability of people with Parkinson's disease, a new German study suggests.
A deep brain stimulator is an implanted device that sends electrical impulses to the brain. With patients who have epilepsy, the stimulator is believed to lower the risk of seizures, the researchers said.
A driving simulator tested the abilities of 23 Parkinson's patients with a deep brain stimulator, 21 patients without the device and a control group of 21 people without Parkinson's. The patients with brain stimulators were tested three times: once with the device on, once with the device off and once with the stimulator off after they took the Parkinson's drug levodopa.
The Parkinson's patients without stimulators performed worse in every driving category except one. The patients with stimulators did not perform significantly worse than people in the control group in any category, and even did better in the category of slight driving errors.
Patients with stimulators averaged 3.8 slight driving errors, compared to 11.4 errors for patients without stimulators and 7.5 errors for healthy controls, according to the study, which was published online in the Dec. 18 issue of the journal Neurology.
Parkinson's patients with stimulators made 11 driving errors when their stimulator was on, 13 errors when it was off and they took levodopa, and 14 errors when their stimulator was off and they did not take the medication.
"Until now, we weren't sure how deep brain stimulation would affect driving," study author Dr. Carsten Buhmann, of University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, in Germany, said in a journal news release.
-- Robert Preidt
Copyright © 2013 HealthDay. All rights reserved.


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COVID19 - Deliveries are guaranteed - Art can be discovered and bought online too
Passionate about drawing and painting, Hannah nurtured and developed her artistic work independently through outher childhood and adolescence before taking a course which specialised in photography and painting. After spending several years studying the History of Art, she began her career as an illustrator for a landscape architects' agency. And it was only after she had spent more than adecade working in the world of marketing and advertising that she decided tobreak away and focus solely on creating her own artwork. Today shedivides her time…
All artworks presented by Carré d'artistes are unique, signed by the artist and come with a certificate of authenticity.


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It's noon here in Detroit and we're taking a 15-minute breather. While we catch our breath, enjoy our full 2012 Detroit Auto Show coverage — every reveal and lifted skirt — below.
Also, if you get a second, check out Jason Torchinsky's awesome "Car-Toons" here. They're epic.
2013 Cadillac ATS: 2012 Detroit Auto Show Live Photos
After brief opening remarks from General Motors CEO Dan Akerson, head of design Ed Welburn, and President of GM North America Mark Reuss at the College for Creative Studies, America's biggest automaker dropped the sheets off the Cadillac of compacts - More »
2013 Ford Fusion: Open Wide And Say Hot
Taking a page from Ragu, Ford is giving buyers of the 2013 Ford Fusion more choices than they can probably comprehend. Five different powerplants (three gas, hybrid, plugin-hybrid), two transmissions, and FWD/AWD options. More »
2013 Ford Fusion Energi: The World's Most Efficient Car*
Amongst Ford's numerous powertrain choices for the 2013 Ford Fusion is the the 2013 Ford Fusion Energi plug-in hybrid, a vehicle that may actually be the world's most fuel efficient car. More »
2013 Volkswagen Jetta Hybrid: A Greener Shade Of Beige
Here in Detroit, Volkswagen is setting up to reveal its long-awaited entry in the gasoline-electric space. That's the Jetta Hybrid. Indeed, later this year, the company will introduce a hybrid version of its Jetta sedan.
The hybrid Jetta, thoughtfully referred to as the Jetta Hybrid, will be... More »
2013 Mercedes-Benz SL: Detroit Auto Show Live Photos
Mercedes-Benz is celebrating 60 years of the SL badge with the overhauled 2013 Mercedes SL, the first built almost entirely from aluminum. Let's call it Aluminum und Se… oh, wait... More »
If These Detroit Auto Show Concepts Are Chevy's Future, Shoot Me Now
Chevrolet claims these two concept cars - the Tru 140S and the Code 130R - based on the eager yearnings of the youth of America and unveiled here moments ago at the Detroit Auto Show - More »
2013 Dodge Dart: 2012 Detroit Auto Show Photos, Info
The world's first introduction to the Dodge Neon was a simple TV commercial that exclaimed "Hi!" Our introduction to the 2013 Dodge Dart at the Detroit Auto Show was an admission that, since the Neon's introduction, the company hasn't done much in the compact space to get excited about.
It's worth... More »
2013 Ford Fusion: Detroit Auto Show Live Photos, Info
Ford kicked off its 2013 Ford Fusion press conference in Detroit by referring to the midsized-sedan market as a "battleground." Sleepiest battleground ever, you say? More »
2013 Nissan Pathfinder: First Photos
Nissan's come a long way since 1986. From the pickup-with a back first generation, Nissan has re-invented the once-humble Pathfinder into a luxury kiddie hauler. More »
2012 Dodge Charger Redline: Detroit Auto Show Photos, Info
Dodge has taken the Charger R/T and, to use a verb coined by Mopar CEO Pietro Gorlier, "Moparized" the hell out of it. The result of this brutal Moparization is, in its most-Moparized form, a 590 hp monster that's not street-legal.
There are, of course, two lesser Stage variants you can drive home,... More »
Chevrolet Tru 140S Concept: Detroit Auto Show Live Photos
Yes, it's ugly, but it's also the future according Chevy. It's the Tru 140S concept - a four-seat coupe that - like its Code red-colored brother - More »
2013 Porsche 911 Cabriolet: Detroit Auto Show Live Photos, Info
Porsche pushed a new 911 Cabriolet sans chappeau onto the dias in Detroit this morning on a brief stop on its way to dealerships this spring. If you get the chance to deliver one, take the long way. More »
Photo Credit: Brian Williams / Jalopnik


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Europe looks forward to COROT launch
ESA PR 47-2006. On 27 December, COROT is to be launched into space on a unique astronomy mission: its twin goals are to detect exoplanets orbiting around other stars and to probe the mysteries of stellar interiors as never before. COROT is a French national space agency (CNES)-led mission to which the European Space Agency and European partners are adding a particularly strong international flavour.
While CNES is completing preparations for the launch from Baikonur/Kazakhstan, ESA and a large number of European scientists involved in the mission are eagerly awaiting this event and the first scientific results to come through.
What is COROT?
COROT stands for 'Convection Rotation and planetary Transits'. The name describes the mission's scientific goals. 'Convection and rotation' refer to the satellite's capability to probe stellar interiors, studying the acoustic waves that ripple across the surface of stars, a technique called asteroseismology. 'Transit' refers to the technique whereby the presence of a planet orbiting a star can be inferred from the dimming starlight caused when the planet passes in front of it. To achieve its twin scientific objectives, COROT will monitor some 120,000 stars with its 30-centimetre telescope.
COROT will lead a bold new search for planets around other stars. In the decade since the first discovery in 1995 of an exoplanet (51 Pegasi b), more than 200 other such planets outside our solar system have been detected using ground-based observatories. The COROT space telescope promises to find many more during its two-and-a-half-year mission, expanding the frontiers of our knowledge towards ever-smaller planets.
Many of the planets COROT will detect are expected to be 'hot Jupiters', gaseous worlds. An unknown percentage of those detected are expected to be rocky planets, maybe just a few times larger than the Earth (or smaller, even). If COROT finds such planets, they will constitute a new class of planet altogether.
While it is looking at a star, COROT will also be able to detect 'starquakes', acoustic waves generated deep inside a star that send ripples across its surface, altering its brightness. The exact nature of the ripples allows astronomers to calculate the star's precise mass, age and chemical composition.
COROT's European dimension
The COROT mission was first proposed by CNES back in 1996. A call for potential European partners was issued in 1999. CNES gave the green light to build the spacecraft in 2000 and is now leading the mission. Its international partners are ESA, Austria, Belgium, Germany, Spain and Brazil.
CNES is responsible for the overall system and for the launch contract with Franco-Russian company Starsem, which is providing the Soyuz launch service.
The contributions of the other international partners range from the provision of hardware items to ground stations, complementary ground-based observation of targets to be studied by COROT and analysis of the scientific data to come.
ESA is playing a crucial role in the mission. It has contributed the optics for the telescope positioned at the heart of the spacecraft and has carried out payload testing. The telescope's baffle was developed by a team at ESA's technical centre ESTEC. ESA has also provided the onboard data processing units. And under this truly collaborative effort, a number of scientists from various European countries - Denmark, Switzerland, the United Kingdom and Portugal - have been selected as Co-Investigators following open competition. As a result of ESA's participation, scientists from its Member States will also be given access to COROT data.
For more information:
ESA Media Relations Office
Tel: +33 (0) 1 53 69 7155
Fax: +33 (0) 1 53 69 7690
Malcolm Fridlund, ESA COROT Project Scientist
Email: Malcolm.fridlund @ esa.int
Fabio Favata, ESA Coordinator for Astronomy and Fundamental Physics Missions
Email: fabio.favata @ esa.int
For additional information about COROT, you can also visit: COROT at ESA: www.esa.int/SPECIALS/COROT
COROT at CNES: http://www.cnes.fr/corot_en/


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Interroll has maintained a genuine interest for the tire and automotive industry for many years. Together with leading system integrators around the world, smart products like the energy-saving extra-low voltage RollerDrive, intelligent controls and compact drum motors have been successfully installed and repeated many times at companies like Good Year, Continental, Bosch and Pirelli. Zero-pressure accumulation concept and DC technology are actually being used in tire conveying thanks to several advantages, like no risk of damages on tires, very low energy consumption, etc.
At Interroll we are passionate about tires and cars. We offer quality, ease of use and speed. Together with our partners—system integrators around the world—we provide specific solutions for the tire industry and meet the requirements of our global customers with our products and the unique network of Interroll.
Maurizio Catino, Industry Sales Manager Automotive & Tire
Interroll Group


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Saturday, February 21, 2009
A Faustian bargain
Are there any pieces of classical music that you would not lose any sleep if you never heard again? There are very few that I can think of. But, I was reminded by a chance hearing on BBC Radio 3 on Wednesday that Franz Liszt's A Faust Symphony falls into that category for me. Strange that Pierre Boulez refuses to conduct Tchaikovsky, but opened his tenure at the New York Philharmonic with a season of Berg and Liszt.
Header image is not a Boulez CD. It is the first release by DJ Faust and features 'twenty-seven monsterous (sic) scratching tracks'. Any copyrighted material on these pages is included as "fair use", for the purpose of study, review or critical analysis only, and will be removed at the request of copyright owner(s). Report errors to - overgrownpath at hotmail dot co dot uk
6 comments:
- Pliable said...
I guess it is not surprising that Leonard Bernstein was a great champion of A Faust Symphony.
- 9:08 am
- Pliable said...
Actually, thinking about it, there is at least one other Liszt work that falls into the 'not lose any sleep if I never heard it again' category - Les Préludes.
- 10:02 am
- Sergio said...
For me ANYTHING by Puccini. If I was held captive by enemy agents and they wanted me to talk, all they have to do is put La Boheme and I'll tell everything
- 1:58 am
- La Cowntessa said...
I could very happily live without having to hear a great deal of Victorian era music again -- particularly that of a liturgical vein. The overly sentimental just doesn't do it for me.
(Yes, Mssrs Balfe and Sullivan, I am indeed looking at you. I will excuse Grainger and Quilter, however. Some absolutely lovely moments, there.)
- 11:41 pm
- Henry Holland said...
I think it's unfair to say Pierre Boulez "refuses" to conduct Tchaikovsky, it's like he said in an interview once "I listen to Sibelius and Tchaikovsky for pleasure, but I have no desire to conduct it". I think we've all heard conductors do stuff that they have no interest in and it benefits no one.
I simply wish Mr. Boulez had spent his years conducting MORE stuff, instead of staying pretty much with the same core of works + new music, often recording them 2 or 3 times.
- 12:04 am
- Pliable said...
There is a response to Henry's comment here -
- 5:32 pm


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United States
(i)"United States person" means a citizen of the United States, an alien lawfully admitted for permanent residence (as defined insection 1101(a)(20) of title 8), an unincorporated association a substantial number of members of which are citizens of the United States or aliens lawfully admitted for permanent residence, or a corporation which is incorporated in the United States, but does not include a corporation or an association which is a foreign power, as defined in subsection (a)(1), (2), or (3). (j)"United States", when used in a geographic sense, means all areas under the territorial sovereignty of the United States and the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands.
50 USC § 1801(i)
Scoping language
As used in this subchapter
Is this correct?


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Trey Graham
Trey Graham edits and produces arts and entertainment content for NPR's Digital Media division, where among other things he's helped launch the Monkey See pop-culture blog and NPR's expanded Web-only movies coverage. He also helps manage the Web presence for Fresh Air from WHYY.
Outside NPR, Graham has been a lead theater critic at the Washington City Paper, D.C.'s alternative weekly newspaper, since 1995, which means he's seen a good deal of superb theater and a great deal of schlock. He's still stage-struck enough to believe that the former makes up for the latter.
Graham began his career as a writer and editor at The Washington Blade; his subsequent tenure at USA Today included a stint as the newspaper's music and theater editor. A past fellow at both the O'Neill Critics Institute and the NEA Arts Journalism Institute in Theater and Musical Theater, Graham won the George Jean Nathan Award for distinguished drama criticism in December 2004.
Graham is also a regular panelist on Around Town, the venerable arts roundtable program on Washington PBS affiliate WETA-TV, and the author of the theater section of the newest Time Out Guide to the nation's capital. He's written about books, travel, movies and the arts for publications including The New York Times and The Washington Post.
Born in New Orleans (during Mardi Gras, no less) and raised in South Carolina, Graham has lived in Washington, D.C., since 1990 except for a couple of years in Zimbabwe, which turned out to be way more fun than a politically perilous, economically disastrous situation has any right being.


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Two Leeds brothers behind the pirate download links website filmzzz.com have received suspended prison sentences for copyright infringement.
The men, Faraz Saddiq, 27, and Ayaz Saddiq, 26, also operated legalmovies.tv and presented both online outlets as legit operations. In reality, the websites merely pointed to unlicensed copyrighted material that could be streamed.
The pair were sentenced late last week to nine months in jail, suspended for two years, and ordered to carry out 150 hours of unpaid work. They had ignored warnings from West Yorkshire Police that they were committing a criminal offence under section 107(2A) of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
The brothers were eventually prosecuted on copyright infringement and Proceeds of Crime Act charges following a probe by the Federation against Copyright Theft (FACT) and the local plod.
The sentencing comes after the jailing of Anton Vickerman, who ran the piracy links site SurfTheChannel and was convicted of conspiracy to defraud by a jury. He was sent down for four years in August.
Meanwhile this month Usenet downloads indexer NZBMatrix has pulled the plug on its service, issuing this statement on the website:
It is with our regret to announce that NZBMATRIX has closed.
We have had to make this decision due to a very large takedown request from a company called Wiggin LLC. These represent the following: Federation Against Copyright Theft Limited ("FACT"), Paramount Home Entertainment International Limited; Sony Pictures Home Entertainment Limited; The Walt Disney Company Limited; Twentieth Century Fox Film Company Limited; Universal Pictures (UK) Limited; Warner Bros. Entertainment UK Limited.
As everyone is aware we are DMCA/Takedown notice compliant, and always have been. Once this notice is completed we are left with an impossible task of policing our indexing bots. Even then it won't stop there, there will be follow-up notices etc.
Coupled with this is problems with payment providers, we have been through pretty much everyone out there, in the end they all pull out. There are massive server/bandwidth costs to pay, with the payments in-stability this is a very hard task.
The site added that "the Usenet indexing scene is going through some changes, with content being removed from pretty much every provider its making the existence of an indexer irrelevant if the content does not even exists anymore".
Usenet was designed for text-only discussions and made its debut in 1980. It supported downloadable encoded binaries (typically split into several parts) by the end of that decade, paving the way for an early distributed network of file sharing.
Ten days ago Usenet search engine Newzbin2 shut up shop after struggling to pay its bills. ®


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I use snv+ssh with key based authentication. Right now in order for any of my svn users to access the repository through Subversion, I must set the repo files to be readable and writable on the filesystem to those users.
I want to prevent the users from being able to delete the repo database when logged in to the server via ssh, yet stil be able to checkout and commit code.
Thoughts on how I can do this?


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Fly to Sal for the desert and beach feel of Cape Verde's islands. Sal is one of the smaller islands, but is the busiest island, bringing in travellers and windsurfers from around the world. Book your flights to Sal with TAP Air Portugal for a relaxing start to your holiday. Enjoy our in-flight Wi-Fi and comfortable cabins!
Sal is the most popular island in Cape Verde for a variety of reasons:
While in Sal, look for kite surfing or fishing charters. Visit during the summer for one of the many special festivals on the island, including the Santa Maria Festival in September. For a memorable start to an unforgettable holiday, book your flights to Sal with TAP Air Portugal today!


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Complete Story
House Communications Subcommittee Plans Video Competition Hearing: Sources
By: John Eggerton, Multichannel News
According to industry sources, the House Communications Subcommittee plans to hold a hearing on video competition next week, penciled in for Oct. 22.
No word on witnesses, though look for the usual representatives from a cable and phone company, a cable programmer and a public interest group, said one source.
The committee is chaired by Rep. Rick Boucher (D-Va), but staffers of Energy & Commerce Committee chairman Henry Waxman (D-Calif.) were also said to be particularly interested in collecting string on the subject.
Spokesfolk for Waxman and Boucher had not returned calls at press time, and no hearing has yet been scheduled. If there is to be one, it will need to be publicly announced by this Thursday (Oct. 15) per committee rules of seven days notice for hearings (36 hours for markups).
Video competition isssues have been high on the radar screen of late, including the D.C. Circuit Federal Court of Appeals decision that the FCC had not taken DBS competition sufficiently under consideration when trying to justify its sub cap on cable, the recent oral argument in Cablevision vs. FCC (in the same court) over program access rules, and talks between Comcast and NBC Universal that would combine the studio and largest cable operator.
The FCC argued in in the Cablevision case that the rise in satellite TV 's fortunes, the increase in progarmming networks, and the decline in the percentage of those that are cable-owned does not undermine the decision to keep the rules in place.
Source: http://www.multichannel.com/article/357906-House_Communications_Subcommittee_Plans_Video_Competition_Hearing_Sources.php?rssid=20061


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Viewers hear Kim tell Katelin's character what the star already knew, 'Anything is possible.'®
"There's nothin' I can't do. But when danger calls just know that I am on my way. It doesn't matter where or when there's trouble if you just call my name. Kim Possible." For seven-year-old Katelin diagnosed with a brain tumor, this isn't just a theme song to a TV show.
Katelin plays Kim Possible – the Disney Channel's cartoon about a girl who fights evil villains– with her friends at recess. She dressed up as the hero for Halloween and even wrote a book titled Katelin Possible for a school project.
To give her some excitement and hope while dealing with her life-threatening medical condition, Make-A-Wish® Oregon volunteers reveal that Katelin's wish to become a character in the cartoon is coming true. Disney employees were already working behind the scenes to create animated Katelin and make her wish unforgettable.
Katelin and her family take a trip to visit Disney's Kim Possible production studio where they meet the show's director, producer and animators. To Katelin's delight, animators unveil designs of a character they created for her. And they have two framed drawings of animated Katelin – one they autographed for her to take home and one they kept to hang on their studio wall next to a framed photo of Katelin herself.
The crew gives Katelin a VIP tour of the studio, teaches her a few tricks of the trade and names her an honorary cast member. They even promise that she will serve an inspiration for Disney artists on future episodes.
Then Katelin hops into her private lime waiting to take her to the recording studio to record the voice for her character. But surprise, she's not alone for the session.
When Christy Carlson Romano – the voice of Kim Possible – and Will Friedle – Ron Stoppable – walk into the studio door, Katelin eyes beam with a huge smile. Christy and Will give Katelin their best recording tips and tell her jokes to keep her laughing and relaxed before taping.
After only a few rehearsals, Katelin has her lines down like a pro, only needing two takes to record her part. Christy and Will give Katelin very enthusiastic praise while Katelin's family proudly wave to their star through the control-booth window.
The Kim Possible stars then finish the day by giving Katelin an autographed Rufus doll, Ron Stoppable's pet mole rat in the cartoon.
Katelin's wish is complete when her Kim Possible episode airs on Disney Channel. Viewers hear Kim tell Katelin's character what the star already knew, "Anything is possible."
Disney is proud to be a long-supporter of Make-A-Wish® and uses its magic to grant the wishes of children with life-threatening medical conditions. With more than 6,000 wishes granted every year – including visits to the Disney Parks, Disney Cruises, meeting Disney characters, attending sporting events and visiting TV and movie sets – Disney themed wishes are the most popular requests to Make-A-Wish.
This story makes me feel
Share your recollections about a Make-A-Wish experience.
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From a Disney cast member, it always brings a joyful tear to our eyes when we see the beautiful smiles on the children's faces of Make-A-Wish! When we see that their dreams are coming true right before our eyes, we love to do all we can to make it the most magical moment of their lives.
July 01, 2007 - 4:15 PM
All the Kim Possible fans over at rs.net, a forum with well over two-thousand fans of the show, wish to tell Katelin what a SUPERB job she did on the Season 4 Kim Possible episode: 'Clean Slate'! We can't think of anyone more deserving of such a great wish! Voice-acting is definitely her calling. She's a very inspiring person!
July 22, 2007 - 4:33 PM
I just saw the episode of Kim Possible called "Clean Slate", and there you were, asking for Kim's autograph! Congratulations on meeting her and the people who worked on the show! And, lucky for you that your voice was in the episode and heard by so many viewers! Once again, congrats! We are all very happy for you!
August 04, 2007 - 10:40 AM
June 25, 2012 - 11:25 AM
acute lymphoblastic leukemia
I wish to go to the Walt Disney World® Resort
I wish to be in a cartoon
I wish to be a comic book creator
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Sign up to receive email from Make-A-Wish.


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Hello All,
Sincere apologies for the long lay off. Just a small post to keep the wheels of thought of my avid readers spinning with regards to a mysterious phenomenon I came across through a fellow military blogger currently based in Afghanistan. I am hoping for some interesting feedback.
Apparently this phenomenon occurs on some nights when a helo browns-out during landing or take-off due to static electricity generated by friction of dust and other debris brushing past rotor blades. However, it is still a mystery as to what governs the intensity of the halos and why it occurs only in some nights.
Quite interestingly British or American pilots had no fitting name to this breathtaking halo effect until MilBlogger Michael Yon who was embedded with the British Afghan forces quite recently came up with a handle after two soldiers who had laid their lives in Helmand province; Corporal Benjamin Kopp (American Ranger) and Corporal Joseph Etchells (British).
More images can be found here.


text: « All Events This event has passed. Pilates Mat September 24 @ 8:30 am - 9:30 am|Recurring Event (See all)Every week | $15.00 Event Navigation « Level II-III Vinyasa Saturday Soul Yoga » Pilates mat makes for better backs and outstanding abs. Strengthen core for greater resilience. Support yourself from the inside out. Challenge yourself to grow from strength to strength. + Google Calendar+ iCal Export Details Date: September 24 Time: 8:30 am - 9:30 am Cost: $15.00 Event Tags:core strength, helping backs, Pilates Mat, stretches Organizer Samantha Cameron Phone: (508) 651-7951 Email: firstname.lastname@example.com Venue The Studio 1 Edson Road Natick, MA 01760 United States Event Navigation « Level II-III Vinyasa Saturday Soul Yoga »


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Hello Former Club Members!
We hope you had a great 4th of July! The office will be closed Thursday and Friday of this week.
The Going-Out-of-Business sale is now up to 60% off.
From the last mark down 92 more items are now sold out forever!
Please note that there is no set time frame of how long one discount level will be offered.
All sales are final, even if the price goes lower, there will not be any adjustments or returns.
All items are sold as-is and orders are non-cancelable or refundable.
Everything will be sold and we started at 10% off and will end at up to 90% off with a reduction happening every so often. It's up to you to pick what price you want to jump in before all items are gone.
Don't forget anyone can order.
Click here to order


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Using an improv skit and video to save the library
Faced with drastic budget cuts the NY public library teamed up with two viral marketing companies to create two videos detailing their plight. After over 2 million views of the viral videos New York Public Library supporters succeeded in getting their city council to reduce the size of the budget cuts. Enjoy!


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Lux dekorkule


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Customize your Louis Vuitton bag with this shoulder strap in Monogram coated canvas with an Epi grained cowhide leather lining. Fun and versatile: it's super easy to put on and remove thanks to the practical snap hook.
Detailed Features
90.0 x 4.0 x 0.2 cm
( length x height x width )
( length x height x width )
- Rose Ballerine Light Pink
- Monogram coated canvas and Epi grained cowhide leather
- Silver-color hardware
- 2 Snap hooks
- 2 Maroquinier chapes
- Strap: Not removable, not adjustable
- Strap Drop: 43.0 cm
The reference is either made in France, Spain, Italy or in the US.
Product CareTo keep your Epi product beautiful as the years pass, we recommend following these guidelines for its care :- Beware not to scratch or rub your product against abrasives surfaces.
- Keep your product away from damp or humid environments and avoid direct exposure to sunlight, keep your product away from any direct source of heat (radiators, car interiors overheated by the sun, etc).
- Avoid prolonged contact with any materials that may transfer their colour pigments onto the patent leather, especially for light-coloured Epi products
- Epi products, and especially products in electric colours, have to be kept away from contact with grease, hand cream, hand sanitizer, make-up and perfume.
- If the leather gets dirty, or in instance of superficial stains on the lining, we recommend that you gently wipe with a soft and light-coloured cloth. Never use soap or solvent.
- In order to protect your product when you are not using it, store it in the felt protective pouch provided.
Taking proper care of your Louis Vuitton product will allow you to fully appreciate its beauty for many years.
For any enquiries about your product, please do not hesitate to contact any Louis Vuitton store.


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Moth-Dog Pet Costume
Source: Martha Stewart
Not to be outdone by Francesca's Spider-Dog costume, Sharkey decided to transform herself into a magnificent moth. Gray felt wings dotted with light yellow and black spots complement her pale coat; the wings are held in place with elastic straps. Pipe cleaners help her fringed feelers stand at attention.
Basic sewing supplies
Three 12-by-18-inch pieces of stiff black felt
Fabric glue
36-inch square gray felt
8-inch square pale yellow felt
Pipe cleaners
Photocopy wing and marking templates; cut out. Stack 2 pieces of black felt, and cut out wing shapes. Cut a 3-inch-wide strip of black felt the length of the wings. Place wings side by side, and glue the strip along the center to hold the wings together (the side with the strip will be the underside).
Cut the elastic to fit the dog: It should start at the tops of the dog's shoulders and loop around the front legs to fit snugly, like a backpack. Tack elastic into loops, and sew onto underside of black wings. Fold gray felt in half, and align wing template with the folded edge; using the template as a guide, cut out wing shape and unfold. Trim 1/4 inch to 1/2 inch from edges so gray felt is slightly smaller than black felt. Glue gray felt to black felt with fabric glue and a paintbrush. Using the templates as guides, cut out markings from yellow and black felt; glue in place.
Cut two 1-by-13-inch strips of gray felt; fringe by cutting 3/4-inch slits every 1/4 inch with scissors. Overlap two 12-inch pipe cleaners at their midpoints, and twist together; bend as shown, with a 1 1/2-inch piece in the center. Wrap fringed felt strips around pipe cleaners, gluing in place as you go and stopping at center section.
Using the template as a guide, cut two circles from gray felt, cutting slits in one circle as indicated on template. Brush uncut circle and center piece of pipe cleaners with glue. Place pipe cleaners upright on uncut circle; place circle with slits on top. Press pipe cleaners through slits. Press down, and let dry. Cut elastic to fit snugly around the dog's head; stitch ends to uncut circle.


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Red Caribou
Red Caribou Expedition Onesie
$5 $33
Mercury base with 'The Expedition' pattern; Made of 100% Peruvian Pima Cotton - Interlock fabric.
Silkscreened with non-toxic water-based inks.
Pre-shrunk with eco-responsible laundry process (Low energy and water consumption)
Made in Peru.
Pima cotton is considered one of the finest and most appreciated types of cotton in the world. It is cultivated only in the northern coastal valleys of Peru, and carefully harvested by hand. Due to its extra-long staple, it is extremely soft, durable, absorbent and hypoallergenic.
Care: Machine wash cold // Air dry or tumble dry low // Do not iron print // Do not bleach // Do not dry clean


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San Francisco: Starbelly
3583 16th Street, San Francisco CA 94114 (map); 415-252-7500; starbellysf.com
Pizza Style: Bread-y, California-style
The Skinny: Seasonally-driven pizzas shine with fresh, creative topping combinations; the "American style" sourdough crust is bread-y, flavorful and satisfying.
Price: $14 for Corn and Cherry Tomato; $14 for Fig and Blue Cheese; $15 for Chorizo and Egg
I'd never be one to say that too much pizza is a bad thing, but it's hard to deny that these days San Francisco has a glut of fancy pizza. And while you'll also rarely hear me say that a pizza is bad, not all of San Francisco's fancy pizzas are created equal.
Starbelly, from the good people behind Mission staple Beretta, has some of the best high-end pizza I've tried in this city. The decidedly California-style pies are hearty, satisfying, and ingredient-driven; by not attempting to put out an Italian, New York, or Chicago style crust, they create their own standard of San Francisco excellence. The almost constant wait at the Castro corner location is a testament to the success of their style.
The menu is largely seasonal, and while many ingredients are local, Chef Adam Timney is not afraid to source from a distance in order to ensure the best ingredients (cave-aged Gruyere comes from France, for example). While pizzas only make up one section of the menu, it's clear that a considerable amount of thought and attention are given to the pies.
Timney describes his sourdough crust as "American style". Bread-y, chewy, and flavorful, the crust is lightly browned in a gas-fired Marsal oven, allowing the yeasty sourdough taste to shine. The crust often does not stand up to the ingredients: it thins in the middle, and always requires a fork and knife. The upside, however, is you get to wipe up spilled toppings with the chewy crust-ends.
Since much of the Starbelly menu is shaped by the seasons, dishes that center around produce are almost always excellent. The corn pizza ($14), topped with cherry tomatoes, and basil puree was a perfect summer pizza—the sweet corn and tomatoes took center stage, while the basil provided a peppery contrast.
The fig pizza ($14) wasn't quite as well balanced—the pizza was entirely covered in a layer of melted blue cheese. Though delicious, the pungency of the cheese was too dominant; it was nice when combined with the sweet fruit, but the figs were too scattered to balance out the flavors. Still, a generous scattering of arugula added a nice freshness, and as we drank more wine, the intensity of the blue cheese became more desirable.
To my dismay, my favorite pizza of the evening was entirely cheese-less. The chorizo and egg pizza ($15), topped with fresh tomato sauce, cilantro. The crumbly chorizo had excellent spice and flavor. The egg, runny and perfectly cooked, added such an excellent richness that I didn't miss the cheese at all, not least because the dripping yolks paired wonderfully with the sourdough crust.
No matter how many pizzas I try in San Francisco, Starbelly always manages to make it onto my short list of favorites. And when I find myself eating a sourdough pie with a glass of Sonoma wine on a (heated) back patio, I can't help but think that this may be the ultimate San Francisco pizza experience.
All products linked here have been independently selected by our editors. We may earn a commission on purchases, as described in our affiliate policy.


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February 2, 1928 - July 8, 2013
New Hampton, NY
Loretta "Lottie" Dombroski of New Hampton, NY, a lifetime resident of New Hampton, entered into rest on Monday, July 8, 2013, in ORMC, Middletown, NY. She was 85.
The daughter of the late Peter and Eva Nieradka Dombroski, she was born on February 2, 1928.
She was married to the late Leonard "Joe" Dombroski for 61 years.
Loretta was a graduate of OCCC and had attended Lower Road, Pellets Island and Goshen High School.
She served her community for 24 years as a councilwoman for the Town of Wawayanda. She was on the Board of Directors for Orange County Cooperative Extension, serving with the Home Economics and the 4H divisions. Loretta was a retired receptionist for Ottaway Newspapers in Campbell Hall, NY.
She is survived by her four children: two sons, Robert of New Hampton, and Edward and his wife, Cheryl of New Hampton, two daughters, Carole of Seattle, WA and Kathleen of Nashville, TN; two grandchildren, Eric of Albany, NY and Heather of Annandale, NJ; one sister, Edna Pahucki of New Hampton; sister-in-law, Theresa Dombroski of Newburgh, and many nieces and nephews who were special to her. She was deeply loved by all of her children, all of her family, and all who knew her. She was predeceased by her brothers: Barney, Chester, Waddy/Miner and Peter; sisters: Elsie Zawaski and Sophie Karnis.
Visitation will be held on Thursday, July 11th, from 2 to 4 and 7 to 9 p.m. at T.S. Purta Funeral Home, 690 Co. Rt. 1, Pine Island, NY. A Funeral Mass will be held at 10 a.m. on Friday, July 12th, at St. Stanislaus Church, 17 Pulaski Hwy., Pine Island, NY. Burial will be in St. Stanislaus Cemetery, Pine Island, NY.
Funeral arrangements are under the direction of the T.S. Purta Funeral Home; to send a condolence online, or for directions, please go to www.purtafuneralhome.com


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- This event has passed.
D&D: Adventurer's League
August 16, 2019 @ 5:00 pm - 9:00 pm
An event every week that begins at 5:00 pm on Friday, repeating until September 30, 2019
D&D Adventurers League is a weekly event at Diversions, featuring an ongoing campaign or one shot adventures for Dungeons & Dragons. It uses the fifth edition Dungeons & Dragons rules, and features the Forgotten Realms setting. Players use the fifth edition rules to create a character and bring that character to games anywhere D&D Adventurers League play is happening.
As a player, all you need to do is make a character and show up and play (with dice)! Character creation is easy. You'll need either a Player's Handbook or a copy of the D&D Basic Rules, and a D&D Adventurers League character logsheet. Pre-generated character sheets can be provided if you wish to not build your own character. Basic rules and character sheets can be found here: http://dnd.wizards.com/articles/features/character_sheets
Sign ups for the event are facilitated through Warhorn.net. Follow this link and make an account to sign up for a seat in the event. Players will also need to register a DCI number (membership card through the publisher) which can be done in the store.
Parking is available in the Worth Lot behind the store for $1.50/hour, with meters operating until 8:00pm. Candy and drinks are available in the store for purchase. You may bring your own food but please dispose of your trash properly. Thank you!


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The Lamb of God
Music for Choirs, Submitted Music
1. The Lamb of God was born on earth
To offer us salvation.
With joy we celebrate His birth,
Al – le – lu – ia!
2. The angels' tidings quickly spread
To ev'ry soul and nation,
His blood for us He freely shed,
Al – le – lu – ia!
3. A star shines bright to lead the way
For faithful men to hasten.
In search of Him, to kneel and pray.
Al – le – lu – ia!
4. We demonstrate our love for Him
Through faith and dedication.
Join now, our joyful Christmas hymn,
Al – le – lu – ia!
Text: Tom Edward Clark
Music: Tom Edward Clark


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Compiled Records for Mid-South Research
This is a bibliographic essay of compiled records for doing Mid-South Research, which includes Kentucky, Missouri, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, and West Virginia.
As was stated above, compiled records are not proven records. It is our responsibility to take this information and verify the accuracy of what we choose to use in our research.
Most of the compiled records come from published sources. Over the years as the amount of these sources has become too numerous, it became essential to index many of them. As a researcher it is often necessary to utilize these indexes early on in ones research project, especially if the exact location of the individual or families being researched is not known. Indexes of biographical sources might be a good place to start.
Also, as you begin to narrow your search down to your specific area you will want to look at an Index to Biographies in Local Histories in the Library of Congress (Baltimore: Magna Carta Book, 1979). This index contains biographical sketches of 170,000 individuals found in 340 local histories. Unfortunately, including biographical sketches in the histories of the southern states was not as prevalent as seen in the mid- western states, but there are quite a few and this index would be worth a try.
The Southern States Courier (Natchitoches, Louisiana: Courier Publications, 1984-1986) is a periodical exploring the history and records of the following states: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Virginia, and possibly others. Information is extracted from biographies, cemetery records, census, church records, deeds and land records, maps, marriage records, military records, mortuaries, naturalizations, obituaries, post office records, school records, vital records, wills, and other sources. Some family names and persons are featured. These are interspersed within these publications, family histories. There is no index but PERSI discloses the titles of the articles in each issue, referring to which parish and record-types are included. Time period covered is roughly from the 1700's-1900.
When doing research, there will come a time when it may become necessary to narrow your search to specific records, such as military, ethnic, religious, or occupational. A couple of examples follow:
A good military publication for the south might be Military Bibliography of the Civil War, compiled by C. E. Dornbusch (New York, New York: New York Public Library; distributed by Readex Books, 1971-c1987). It consists of 3 volumes. Volume 1 does not deal with the south, but Volume 2 and Volume 3, originally published in 1967 under title "Regimental publications and personal narratives : southern, border, and western states and territories ; federal troops", does contain personal narratives from southern soldiers and Union and Confederate biographies. There is an index.
Then if you are looking for compiled records of a certain ethnic group you could use a publication such as Who was Who among the Southern Indians, a Genealogical Notebook, 1698-1907 by Don Martini (Falkner, Mississippi: The author, c1998). It is in alphabetical order by surname. It is a comprehensive guide to the prominent leaders of the Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, and Creek Indian tribes and the relatives/possible relatives of those leaders. The information for each individual varies from as little as a sentence to half a page. This publication is very interesting reading and has some valuable information.
After a place of residence has been established, compiled records specific to an area of interest should be the next step in the research process. Many records are available at the state level as well as the county and township level.
The purpose of the rest of this paper will be to take a look at some of those compiled records. Under each state are examples of historical, military, ethnic, and religious publications which contain compiled records, as well as a few examples of periodicals. By far not complete, this was intended to give the reader a glimpse into the many publications available which contain compiled records.
Kentucky[edit | edit source]
It is always exciting to find a biography on an individual that is being researched. Although, the mid-south does not have as wonderful collection as the mid-west, there are still good publications available. A good place to start might be Michael Cook's Kentucky: Index of Biographical Sketches in State, Regional and County Histories, (Evansville, Indiana: Cook Publications, 1986). This compiled record indexes 65 various state, regional and county histories and there are notes on how to use the volume and where to obtain the histories. A list of the codes and their meanings is at the front of the book. There is an alphabetical index, which is easy to use, but it is important to note that for the biographies, the index only lists the names of those who are the subject of the biographical sketches.
There is also, Kentucky Genealogy and Biography, 9 vols. (Owensboro, Ky.: Genealogical Reference, 1969–) is another publication worth taking a look at. These are reprints of the biographical sections of various editions of Kentucky: a History of the State, by W. H. Perrin, et al., published during the 1880s. The biographies are arranged by county. Another reprint of the biographical sections of Perrin's work was published by the Southern Historical Press and bears the title of the original work, Kentucky: a History of the State. These volumes are facsimiles of the original biographies, with complete name indexes prepared by various individuals. New material was added in 1979.
Lyman Copeland Draper, Draper's Biographical Sketches, Chicago: University of Chicago Library, 1951. Within this publication are many biographies of eminent early residents of Kentucky and nearby states. The Kentucky Papers consist of thirty-seven volumes. Both a subject index and an index to the interview have been published by the Wisconsin Historical Society.
For a county specific publication there is Echo's of the Past, In the Western part of Scott County, Kentucky (Stamping Ground, Kentucky: Stamping Ground Woman's Club, 1975-). Volume one includes a few biographies and Volume 2 contains family lineages.
Missouri[edit | edit source]
A History of the Pioneer Families of Missouri-with Numerous Sketches, Anecdotes, Adventures, Etc., and relating the Early Days in Missouri. Also, the Lives of Daniel Boone and the Celebrated Indian Chief Black Hawk by William S. Bryan and Robert Rose. (Baltimore: Clearfield Co., 1996) Most of the sketches are brief, but do contain a lot of genealogical information. Most of the sketches contain wealth of information on their migration pattern.
Missouri: Family Histories and Genealogies, a Bibliography by Donald Hehir (Bowie, Maryland: Heritage Books, 1996). This book contains a comprehensive listing of all printed Missouri genealogies and family histories that have made their way into major library collections across the U.S. Over 1600 Missouri Surnames are arranged alphabetically.
Pioneer Kentuckians with Missouri Cousins by Frances T. Ingmire 2 vols. (Signal Mountain, Tennessee: Mountain Press, n.d.) The two volumes of Missouri records show over 65,000 persons born in Kentucky but who by 1850 are living in Missouri. Contains the following Missouri counties: Adair, Lincoln, Linn, Livingston, McDonald, Macon, Madison, Marion, Mercer, Miller, Pike, Platte, Polk, Gasconade, Pulaske, Putnam, Ralls, Randolph, St. Charles, Ray, Reynolds, Ripley, Schuyler, Saline, Scott, Scotland, Shannon, Shelby, Stoddard and Sullivan.
Missouri also has some interesting publications. One such is L. L. Broadfoot's Pioneers of the Ozarks (Caldwell: The Caxton printers, 1946). The biographical sketches were written by the Ozark pioneers themselves. Their grammar is somewhat back country, but the stories hold some wonderful tidbits of genealogical and historical information.
An example of a publication specific to an ethnic group is The Italians in Missouri, by G., Schiavo (New York: Arno Press, Inc., 1975, c 1929). It is a "scrapbook" biographical publication. The biographies are small and all come with a picture of the individual. Most of the biographies appear to be of professionals and businessmen.
North Carolina[edit | edit source]
If it is the early years of North Carolina that the researcher is concerned with, then one publication to look at is one that was compiled by Marilu Burch Smallwood; Some Colonial and Revolutionary Families of North Carolina, 3 vols. (Washington, North Carolina: M.B. Smallwood, 1964-). These volumes provide the names of the husband, wife, date of marriage and county.
For research that requires a wider timeframe, Biographical History of North Carolina History from Colonial Times to the Present, Samuel A'Court Ashe, ed., 10 vols. (Greensboro, North Carolina: C.L. Van Noppen, 1905-1917) is great because it covers a large time period in the history of North Carolina, through biographical sketches of those who lived there. New volumes have been added from time to time and volume 10 has an index.
An example of a wonderful publication for research within a specific ethnic group is German Speaking People West of the Catawba River in North Carolina 1750-1800 and Some Émigrés' Participation in the Early Settlement of Southeast Missouri, Lorena Shell Eaker, compiler and editor (Franklin, North Carolina: Genealogy Publishing Services, 1994). In the introduction of this book it states, "This is a migrational history of more than six hundred immigrants who pioneered the settlement of the present-day North Carolina Counties of Burke, Catawba, Cleveland, Gaston, Lincoln, and Rutherford." It is presented in a compiled lineage format and includes an every name index.
For a specific area of research such publications as The Heritage of the Toe River Valley, Avery, Mitchell, and Yancey Counties, 5 vols. (Marceline, Missouri: Walsworth Publishing Co., Inc. 1994) may be helpful. Each of these volumes contains lengthy family biographical sketches. Many of these biographical sketches include a very comprehensive genealogy of the family. There is also an index and the family sketches are done in alphabetical order.
South Carolina[edit | edit source]
History of South Carolina (Chicago: Lewis Pub. Co., 1920) edited by Yates Snowden, comprises five volumes. Like most history books, the biographies of individuals who paid to be included in the publications are given a page or two to give a brief history of themselves and sometimes their families. Fortunately, there is an index, because the biographies have no certain order to them.
Richard N. Cote, Local and Family History in South Carolina, A Bibliography, (Easley, S. C. Southern Historical Press 1981). At the end there is an alphabetical surname index to many major South Carolina collections. It contains about 7,600 names.
As an example of a more area specific resource, there is Herbert Ravenel Sass's, The Story of the South Carolina Lowcountry, 3 vols. (West Columbia, S.C.: J.F. Hyer Publishing Co., 1956). The low country included Charleston, and volumes two and three are the biographies of those citizens who played an important part in the growth and development of this particular area. The third volume includes an index, which indexes only those people for whom the biography was written.
There are also many publications of compiled records written for various religious groups. The Brief Baptist Biographies by Robert P Hamby (Greenville, South Carolina: A Press, 1982- ) is one example. This book is divided up into 5 divisions. The third division is titled "Brief Historical Sketches of Twenty-one Baptist Associations from 1707 to 1861 Which Have Made Their Contribution to Western North Carolina." This is a compilation of historical sketches, and there are also biographical sketches found within the other divisions.
Compiled records can also be found in periodicals. For this state there is The South Carolina Magazine of Ancestral Research. Along with abstracted records, included in these periodicals which are done on a quarterly basis, are memoirs of individuals, biographies, and histories of families. There is also a book review section and an index of these articles is available in a book under FHL Call #: 975.7, B2sc.
The Carolina Herald and Newsletter, which is an official publication of the South Carolina Genealogical Society and published quarterly, is another periodical worth searching through. Some of the editions do contain individual biographies and family histories, although there appears to be more abstracted and copied records. There is no indexing.
Tennessee[edit | edit source]
Leaves From the Family Tree (Easley, South Carolina, 1982) compiled by Penelope Johnson Allen for the "Chattanooga Times Sunday Magazine", is a collection of family histories, primarily from East Tennessee. Although, it is more area specific, it does include about 100 family histories that are full of wonderful information and many of these histories include photographs. It does include an index and if one is fortunate enough to be researching someone in the east Tennessee area, this would be worth reading.
In a book written by Worth S. Ray, called Tennessee Cousins (Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1960) the author has done a wonderful job of writing a history of the some of the counties of Tennessee and the people, by using original sources, and evaluating them. He has written personal histories on many of the individuals who lived there. The use of the index is imperative as the family histories are not in any logical order and are interspersed with abstracted records.
When narrowing your research to specific counties within a state, you will often find compiled records in publications that have been written by genealogical or historical societies. These books were often written for a specific historical event, such as a centennial. A good example of this is, Families and History of Sullivan County, Tennessee Volume One 1779-1992, compiled by the Holston Territory Genealogical Society, 1993. It is a collection of stories submitted by residents, former residents, and those having roots in Sullivan County. The bios run a quarter to half page in length. There is a surname index, and the bios are in alphabetical order. They are a great tool for finding genealogical information.
A researcher can also get very specific. Take for instance Tennessee Convicts: Early Records of the State Penitentiary by Charles A. and Tomye M. Sherrill. This book includes an index of places (vol. 1) and full-name indexes (vols. 1 & 2). Volume 1 covers the years 1831-1850 and volume 2 the years 1850-1870. Volume 1 might be of particular interest since it was transcribed from Volume 45 of the Tennessee State Penitentiary and in this particular volume are detailed descriptions and biographies of 600 inmates from 1831-1842.
Virginia[edit | edit source]
Ransom B. True, Biographical Dictionary of Early Virginia, 1607-1660. (Richmond Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities, 1984). This record is in alphabetical order by surname and then by given name or title. It gives the name, title, event, date and place of event, source code and page number. There is often more than one event for each name and each event is listed with its source code and page number under the name.
This record is a list of names extracted from various sources for "people who were involved in any capacity with the settlement and development of Virginia from 1607 through the end of 1660"
Encyclopedia of Virginia Biography by Lyon Gardiner Tyler FHL book 975.5 D3tL, 5 vols. (New York: Lewis Historical Pub., 1915). Includes multi-generation family histories. The first three volumes contain a small paragraph of some of the founders, colonial presidents and governors, colonial councilors of state, and burgesses, those elected to political positions and other prominent persons and their involvement in the political climate of Virginia. Contained in some of
Since slavery was well established in Virginia pre Civil War, the use of compiled information regarding these people may be very useful in doing Virginia research. Weevils in the Wheat; Interviews with Virginia Ex-Slaves, edited by Charles L. Perdue, Jr., Thomas E. Barden, and Robert K. Phillips, is an interesting book. It is a compilation of interviews of ex-slaves from the state of Virginia.
Earl Gregg Swem, Virginia Historical Index, (Gloucester, Massachusetts: Peter Smith, 1965). Lists many genealogies that were published in periodicals. It is a 1930 index to some major Virginia periodicals including: Tyler's Quarterly Historical and Genealogical Magazine; William and Mary Quarterly; Virginia Magazine of History and Biography.
R. A. Brock Alonzo and Virgil A. Lewis, Virginia and Virginians, Salt Lake City Filmed by the Genealogical Society of Utah 1972 [Microfilm of original published: Richmond and Toledo: H. H. Hardesty, 1888] Lists five to ten prominent citizens from each county with early governors and generals. It includes genealogical data abstracted from the 6 volume set, History of Virginia. It is an index to the biographical volumes of that history.
West Virginia[edit | edit source]
A researcher will find that often when researching in West Virginia they will be consulting Virginia sources; however, there are still some very good publications that deal primarily with those individuals living in West Virginia. A couple of these publications are: Thomas Condit Miller and Hu Maxwell, West Virginia and Its People, 3 vols. (New York: Lewis Historical Publishing Co., 1913). The first volume is devoted to the history of West Virginia and the remaining two volumes are family and personal histories. These histories are usually about one to two pages in length, but the information contained within these personal histories is invaluable. There is an index, but it only names the person for which the personal history was written. Another is James Morton Callahan's History of West Virginia Old and New and West Virginia Biography, 3 vols. (Chicago and New York: The American Historical Society, Inc., 1923). Again the two last volumes are dedicated to a compilation of biographies. This publication was written later than the previous mentioned book, so it gives you a few more years of information and does contain biographies on quite a few more people.
The West Virginia Encyclopedia, edited by Paul Conley (Charleston, W.V.: West Virginia Publishing Company, 1929) contains mini biographies, only a paragraph in length, about individuals who have made some contribution to the state of West Virginia. These are interspersed throughout the book in alphabetical order. There is only a topical index.
A publication specific to the Jewish population is West Virginia Jewry: Origins and History 1850-1958 by Abraham I. Shinedling, 2 volumes. (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: M. Jacob, 1963). This publication contains brief biographies of individuals who lived in the Jewish Communities of West Virginia. These types of ethnic specific sources can be very informative when doing research.
Although the sources cited in this bibliographic essay do not come close to informing the reader of just how many compiled records are available, it has shown that there are many different avenues to take when deciding which records to utilize. It is also important to note that with the use of the Internet, the amount of compiled records will continue to grow. The use of published sources, however, is a necessary tool in genealogical research. As indexing of these records continues, so will the efficiency of using these sources grow. The use of compiled records in genealogical research is now and always will be a must for any conscientious researcher.
Sources[edit | edit source]
- Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints, Family and Church History Department, Family Search Research Guidance, Statewide Indexes and Collections (Intellectual Reserve, Inc., 1998, 2001) Online <familysearch.org>.
- Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints, Family and Church History Department, Research Outline (Intellectual Reserve, Inc., 1988, 1997)
- Meyerink, K. L. editor, Printed Sources, A Guide to Published Genealogical Records (Salt Lake City: Ancestry Incorporated, 1998)
- Szucs, L. D., & Luebking, S. H. editors, The Source, a Guidebook of American Genealogy (Salt Lake City: Ancestry Incorporated, 1997)
- The Handybook for Genealogists, United States of America, Tenth Edition (Draper: Everton Publishers, 2002)
<fck:hr> [1] Genealogy.com, Learning Center, International Genealogical Index, Online <http://www.genealogy.com/00000790.html> Accessed 10 February 2006.
[2] Ancestry.com, Ancestry World Tree, Online <http://www.ancestry.com/trees/awt/main.aspx> Accessed 10 February 2006.


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ATV-3: Edoardo Amaldi
The third ATV was launched to the International Space Station on 23 March 2012 at 04:34 GMT from Europe's Spaceport in Kourou, French Guiana. ATV-3 was named after famous Italian physicist and spaceflight pioneer Edoardo Amaldi.
The Italian space agency, ASI, proposed naming ATV-3 after the Italian physicist Edoardo Amaldi (5 September 1908 – 5 December 1989).
"He started working in nuclear physics with Enrico Fermi, did pioneering work in the field of cosmic rays and in the new field of particle physics, becoming an Italian reference character in nuclear science," said Enrico Saggese, President of ASI.
"Amaldi was one of the few who in the post-war years prompted action ultimately leading to the founding of ESRO, and later ESA."
Father of Italian space research
Edoardo Amaldi was a leading figure in Italian science in the 20th century, particularly in fundamental experimental physics.
In Rome, in the 1930s, Amaldi was a member of a group of young Italian scientists: the Via Panisperna boys ('I ragazzi di Via Panisperna'), who, led by Enrico Fermi, made the famous discovery of slow neutrons, which later made possible the nuclear reactor.
He contributed to nuclear physics in the 1930s and 1940s and to cosmic rays and particle physics afterwards.
At the beginning of the 1950s, Amaldi was one of the founding fathers of the European Organisation for Nuclear Research (CERN) and from 1952 to 1954 he was Secretary General of CERN's provisional organisation.
He then became a pioneer in the experimental search for gravitational waves in the 1970s.
It is largely thanks to his drive that Italian physics emerged from the slump following the Second World War.
Amaldi's concern for peace, and his strong feeling for the responsible role that the scientific community should play in this respect, was always a natural complement to his unshakable belief in the open nature of science and the need for international cooperation.
"Italy is a key European country in our participation to the International Space Station partnership. By naming the ATV-3 after Edoardo Amaldi we celebrate a great Italian, but also a committed European who understood the importance of pooling resources and minds together to achieve important results," said Simonetta Di Pippo, ESA Director for Human Spaceflight.
"We are paying tribute to a visionary mind, to a great scientist but also to an idea of cooperation that is also embodied in the International Space Station partnership."
"The ATV is the first recurring production of an exploration spacecraft and places Europe a step closer to our partners. I am glad that Italy is taking so much pride in their participation in the ISS which is a recognition of their human and industrial capabilities."
ATV-3 mission
During its mission, Edoardo Amaldi delivered nearly seven tonnes of propellant, oxygen, air and water, as well as scientific equipment, spare parts, supplies, clothes and food to the astronauts circling Earth.
The dry cargo consisted of more than a hundred of bags packed into eight racks – two more racks than on previous ATV missions.
ATV-3 was lofted to orbit on 23 March by an Ariane 5 launcher and docked with the Space Station five days later.
ATVs perform all manoeuvres, including docking autonomously, under close surveillance by their control centre in Toulouse, France run jointly by ESA and CNES.
So far, ATVs and Russian vehicles Progress and Soyuz are the only vehicles able to dock with the Station fully autonomously, with built-in redundancy.
While docked, ATV-3 performed nine reboosts to keep the Space Station in orbit, counteracting the effects of atmospheric drag.
On 22 August, ATV-3's eighth boost lasted for 40 minutes (nearly half an orbit) and raised the Station to new heights – a record-breaking 405 x 427 km above Earth.
During the six months that ATV-3 spent at the Station, it provided 48 cubic metres of extra space for the astronauts. Before its departure, the crew loaded its pressurised module with waste material.
The European ferry undocked on September 28 and after a short free flight, it manoeuvred into a safe reentry trajectory. Edoardo Amaldi and its waste burnt up harmlessly in the upper atmosphere at 01:30 GMT.


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3-D printer company Stratasys is acquiring desktop 3-D printer maker MakerBot for over US$400 million in an all-stock deal, to shore up its consumer presence.
Privately-held MakerBot has sold more than 22,000 3-D printers since it was founded in 2009, and its printers are increasingly used by a class of "prosumers" that includes individuals using the devices for professional purposes as well as for personal applications, Stratasys said in a statement Wednesday.
MakerBot has also set up a portal Thingiverse.com for the sharing of user-generated digital design content to promote system usage. The portal has more than 90,000 3-D product files available for sharing, and generates more than 500,000 unique visitors and 1 million downloads each month, Stratasys said.
In the transaction, Stratasys will initially issue about 4.76 million shares in exchange for 100 percent of the outstanding capital stock of MakerBot in Brooklyn, New York. The proposed merger has an initial value of $403 million based on Stratasys' closing stock price of $84.60 as of Wednesday. MakerBot shareholders are also entitled to performance-based payouts of more shares or cash.
The MakerBot business will operate as a separate subsidiary, with its existing brand and management. Bre Pettis, CEO and co-founder of MakerBot, will continue to head the operation.
The companies have estimated that between 35,000 to 40,000 desktop 3-D printers were sold in 2012, which is expected to double this year, as prosumers increasingly adopt desktop 3-D printers for a broad range of applications. MakerBot generated $11.5 million in total revenue in the first quarter of 2013 compared to $15.7 million for all of 2012.
Stratasys, with dual headquarters in Minneapolis, Minnesota, and Rehovot, Israel, was formed in 2012 by the merger of 3-D printing companies Stratasys and Objet. It manufacture 3-D printers and materials for prototyping and production. MakerBot recently opened a new manufacturing facility in Brooklyn.
3-D printing, which has a variety of applications, recently came to the attention of some U.S. legislators who want to regulate the use of the devices to print firearms. An organization Defense Distributed fired in early May a handgun made with 3-D printing technology, and said it would distribute its drawings online. It later brought down the files on orders of the U.S. State Department, but not before the drawings were downloaded by a large number of people.
John Ribeiro covers outsourcing and general technology breaking news from India for The IDG News Service. Follow John on Twitter at @Johnribeiro. John's e-mail address is email@example.com


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Thursday, April 18, 2013
Office of College Advancement
Ohlone College
Fremont, CA-Take part in an unprecedented global health and healing event that will unfold across the globe on Saturday, April 27, at 10am. Beginning in New Zealand, this event will spread time zone by time zone across the globe through 60 countries and across 6 continents. Join the healing wave and gather at Ohlone College's Newark Center for Health Sciences and Technology as we host our first Annual World Tai Chi and Qigong Day.
The event, which is free and open to the public, aims to communicate the health benefits of practicing Tai Chi and Qigong. Tai Chi and Qigong are health technologies, which have evolved over several thousand years of research in China, and are now growing in popularity worldwide. They are used in hospitals, businesses, schools, and numerous other institutions. Tai Chi and Qigong have been shown in research to reduce anxiety, depression, and chronic pain conditions. They boost the immune system, improve respiratory function, burn calories, dramatically improve balance, and provide cardiovascular benefit.
Renowned martial artist, 2010 Tai Chi Master of the Year, and Ohlone College instructor Sifu May Chen heads Ohlone's World Tai Chi and Qigong Day. The event will begin promptly at 10am with a warm up and popular Tai Chi and Qigong routines. This will be followed by an open house with a performance by Sifu Yuan Long, a 35th Generation Shaolin Warrior Monk, Exemplary Martial Artist, and over 40 of his students from the Dragon Rhythm Kung Fu School in Fremont. Later in the day, special guest and multi-time World Class Martial Arts Champion, a Secular Shaolin Disciple, Sifu Yan Fei will demonstrate free hand and weapons, and lead a session of Kung Fu for Adults.
Following the variety of demonstrations, participants will have the opportunity to take part in 30-minute "learn & practice" sessions to try Tai Chi and Qigong for themselves. These sessions include: Sports Qigong, King Fu for Adults, Chen Style Tai Chi, Basic Staff Forms, and health Qigong styles, including Five Animal Exercises, Da Wu, and Eight Section Brocade.
Members of this year's newly formed Ohlone College Tai Chi Qigong Club will assist Sifu May Chen at the event. Even though the club is new, Chen's students have been participating in competitions and local events such as KungFuMagazine.com's Martial Arts Championship, and the UC Berkeley Martial Arts Tournament (CMAT). Most recently the students received a gold medal as a group for the Five Animal Exercise in 2012 and will perform their award winning routine at the event.
Lucy Olivia, President and founder of Ohlone's Tai Chi Qigong Club, became interested in Tai Chi after attending one of Ohlone's Tai Chi Qigong open houses in 2010. "Tai Chi has changed me physically, emotionally and spiritually… Tai Chi is truly the ultimate practice." Lucy took Gold prize in 2012 last in KungFuMagazine.com's Martial Arts Championship in Beginning Level Tai Chi. She will be transferring from Ohlone to Oregon State University in the Fall.
Ohlone's Tai Chi and Qigong event is sponsored by Ohlone College, KungFuMagazine.com, Tigerclaw.com, Arthritis Foundation, and Ohlone's Tai Chi Qigong Club. For a complete schedule of performances and sessions visit www.ohlone.edu/go/globalwellness or contact Sifu May Chen at 510-657-5893.
- World Tai Chi and Qigong Day at Ohlone College
- Saturday, April 27, 2013
- 10am-2pm
- Ohlone College Newark Center
39399 Cherry St., Newark
- FREE and Open to the Public
- $2 Parking Fee Enforced after 11am
- www.ohlone.edu/go/globalwellness
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thendanisays wrote:But i had thje strangest dream about my mom selling off my pet chickens (which i do not actually have) to some farmer who was going to slaughter them.....so i kicked my mom's ass.....
Honestly this is the first dream i've had of my mother soince i moved across the country in october....and i was straight-up punching her in the face. HOW TERRIBLE IS THAT?
sheesh, i feel the need to calll her and apologize.
Dani, are you planting the idea of having strange dreams in people's mind?
Here is my strange dream from last night.
Costco had 5 gallon buckets of ice cream on sale: 3 for $10
We had trouble finding the lids for the ice cream though.
Especially one, because it was a square bucket.
Who would buy ice cream that you need to look for the lids.
I got vanilla, chocolate and some other light brown colored one.
The "other" flavor was the one in the square bucket.
I couldn't fit one of these buckets in my freezer.
What does my dream mean, Dani?


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Court Backs Obama on Health Law
In a Surprise Ruling, Chief Justice Sides With Liberals to Uphold Insurance Mandate; Republicans to Press for Repeal
Streaming Live: Health-Law Decision
Real-time updates, analysis and reaction on the Supreme Court's decision to uphold the health-care law. Click here to see full coverage of the decision.
WASHINGTON—Chief Justice John Roberts joined the Supreme Court's four liberals Thursday to uphold the linchpin of President Barack Obama's plan to expand health coverage to nearly all Americans, a surprise conclusion to a constitutional showdown.
The ruling clears the way for the biggest revamp of America's health-care system since the 1960s—and sets the stage for a renewed political fight over its merits.
By a 5-4 vote, the court held the law's mandate requiring Americans to carry health insurance or pay a penalty valid under Congress's constitutional authority to levy taxes. The financial penalty for failing to carry insurance possesses "the essential feature of any tax," producing revenue for the government, Chief Justice Roberts wrote.
The Surprise Vote: Roberts
The pivotal -- and most surprising -- vote to uphold most of the Obama administration's health-care law came from Supreme Court Chief Justice John Roberts. Read more.
But the court handed a consolation prize to the 26 largely Republican-led states that challenged the health-care overhaul—and opened a new door to their resistance. It ruled that the federal government could not expel states from Medicaid if they refused to go along with the expanded eligibility for the federal-state health program that is part of the health-care law.
The decision, tensely awaited for months, proved a vast relief to Democrats and Mr. Obama.
Speaking at the White House, the president retold the story of a woman with cancer who had to go without insurance and said, "Because of this law, there are other Americans … who will not have to hang their fortunes on chance. These are the Americans for whom we passed this law."
Live Chat Recap
WSJ's D.C. deputy bureau chief Tim Hanrahan, health policy writer Janet Adamy, and legal editor Peter Landers took reader questions a few hours after the ruling. Replay the event.
But the decision also handed Republicans a sharper message for the fall campaign: They said they would tell Americans who dislike "Obamacare" that electing GOP candidates is the only way to repeal it. What's more, by calling the insurance penalty the legal equivalent of a tax, the court allows Republicans to accuse the president of raising taxes for some.
"This is now a time for the American people to make a choice," said presumptive Republican presidential nominee Mitt Romney. "You can choose whether you want to have a larger and larger government."
The ruling means that the law's reordering of the $2.7 trillion health industry will move forward mostly as planned, with implications affecting every hospital, doctor, health insurer and drug maker in the nation. About 30 million more Americans are expected to gain coverage, although the Medicaid change could lower that.
Timeline: The Health-Care Debate
Read a timeline of events surrounding President Barack Obama's health-care legislation, from the bill's path through Congress to the legal challenges.
Looking Back: Health Care in America
Read about past efforts to change how Americans receive and pay for health care.
Supreme-Court Arguments
Listen to audio excerpts and explore the transcripts of the health-law arguments at the Supreme Court.
Companies said they were relieved to have a greater degree of certainty about what's in store, and some welcomed the influx of new customers the insurance mandate will provide. Others pointed to concerns, including the complexity of the law and the remaining questions about Medicaid.
Altogether, the ruling is both a political and a constitutional landmark. It bestows a measure of validation on President Obama's legislative achievement after two years of relentless attacks and casts a new light on Chief Justice Roberts—a George W. Bush appointee whom some Democrats had pegged as a Republican partisan—reaching across the ideological divide even while reinforcing some long-standing conservative principles.
Not only did the chief justice revive states' rights in the Medicaid ruling, he also rejected the principal legal basis the Obama administration invoked to justify the health-care overhaul, Congress's constitutional authority to regulate interstate commerce. Since the New Deal of the 1930s, the Supreme Court had only twice found Congress exceeded its commerce authority, and never for a program designed to expand the social safety net.
Congress has invoked its commerce power to pass a vast array of laws, from the Endangered Species Act to the Civil Rights Act of 1964, often over conservative complaints that such regulation exceeded the intent of the Constitution's framers. On Thursday, however, Chief Justice Roberts drew a firm limit on the commerce power, writing that if accepted as the basis of the individual insurance mandate, federal authority would be virtually unlimited.
"The Commerce Clause is not a general license to regulate an individual from cradle to grave, simply because he will predictably engage in particular transactions," the chief justice wrote. Four dissenting conservatives, Justices Antonin Scalia, Anthony Kennedy, Clarence Thomas and Samuel Alito, agreed.
But Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg, joined by Justices Stephen Breyer, Sonia Sotomayor and Elena Kagan, said the Commerce Clause was enough to justify the law, which she said "addresses the very sort of interstate problem that made the commerce power essential in our federal system."
Chief Justice Roberts went on to say that the penalty for failing to carry insurance met the criteria for a tax. Because of the court's duty to defer to the elected branches when possible, the mandate must be upheld, he wrote.
Neither the label of "penalty" nor the fact it was intended to influence behavior mattered, he wrote. The penalty functioned like a tax—and other taxes, such as those on cigarettes, are enacted principally to create incentives rather than raise revenue, he said.
Although the Obama administration always asserted the penalty was valid under the federal taxing power, until Thursday no court had fully accepted that.
It was a day of surprises at the court, including the role of Chief Justice Roberts as the deciding vote instead of the usual swing voter, Justice Kennedy. Reading a joint dissent from the bench, Justice Kennedy said the majority engaged in "vast judicial overreaching" and decided "to save a statute Congress did not write."
Before the decision was read, the packed courtroom was silent. The chief began by rejecting Congress's power to legislate the mandate under the Commerce Clause. Many in the audience thought he was en route to striking down the law.
Then, about halfway through his 20-minute recitation, Chief Justice Roberts turned to Congress's taxing power. Some in the audience expressed surprise as listeners realized the law would survive. Republican lawmakers who had entered the court smiling exited grim-faced.
What It Means for Consumers
The health law's future depends on which party controls the White House and Congress after elections in November. Read More.
The court's decision leaves intact hundreds of provisions in the sweeping overhaul, with major changes to the U.S. health system set to take effect by 2014. That is the year when individuals and employers will face their coverage mandates. Insurance companies will have to accept all customers regardless of medical history and won't be able to charge more to those who are sick.
New exchanges are set to open where consumers can purchase health insurance and apply for subsidies towards the cost of premiums.
The Obama administration still faces an uphill battle to make that happen in 18 months, especially when the elections could bring to power Republicans who would repeal all or part of the law.
The court's ruling on Medicaid presents new and unexpected choices for states opposed to the law.
Health-Care Industry Gains Clarity
Though the coming election and expected budget negotiations could throw off more changes, the Supreme Court's decision to effectively uphold most of the law removes a big question mark and will add momentum to shifts that were already in progress.
Seven justices agreed that the law's expansion of Medicaid effectively created a new program. They said it would be coercive to tell states, as the law did, that they would lose existing Medicaid funds if they didn't participate in the new program, although Washington will shoulder at least 90% of the new costs.
Chief Justice Roberts said that would put a "gun to the head" of states, and said participating in the expanded program should be voluntary. Some Republican governors said they might choose not to participate. That could mean some lower earners in those states would lose their chance to gain coverage under the law.
"Wisconsin will not take any action to implement ObamaCare," said Gov. Scott Walker, a Republican. "I am hopeful that political changes in Washington, D.C., later this year ultimately end the implementation of this law at the federal level."
—Anna Wilde Mathews, Evan Perez and Carol E. Lee contributed to this article.
Explore the Health-Care Ruling
Read more about the Supreme Court's decision on the health-care law.
- The Surprise Vote: Chief Justice Roberts
- Three Battlegrounds Going Forward
- Ruling Gives Obama Big Boost, Could Aid Romney
- Heard: Mixed Review From Health-Care Investors
- What Ruling Means for Consumers
- Opinion: The Obamacare Tax
- Health-Care Industry Gains Clarity
- 'Stolen Valor' Act Was Struck Down
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DLP for high-resolution headlight applications
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