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The Real Casualty of the Loc Hung Garden Incident: the People's Trust
When the officials of Tan Binh District in Ho Chi Minh City gathered over one thousand police officers and other forces to bulldoze some 200 houses at Loc Hung Garden, they destroyed not only the shelters of a few hundred people but something even more important.
What also crumbled and laid buried deep in the rubble was the people's trust in the current regime–or whatever was left of it.
"I have to tell you honestly, the trust between the people of this community and the government has totally broken down over the decades. We cannot trust them after so many broken promises. They have told us that they would meet with us and provide us with documents about the projects, the plans. We've received nothing. There is no trust."
Cao Ha Truc, one of the persons representing the 124 households living in Loc Hung Garden, spoke to me over the telephone on January 9, 2019, about 12 hours after he was released from the police station and came back to a home that was no longer there.
Truc told me that he was a vegetable farmer until the local authorities engaged in what he called "shady tactics" a few years ago to stop him and others from continuing their farming.
In a video clip recorded earlier in the day, he said:
"They oppressed us by cutting off our means of survival, by letting water flood our vegetable fields, and we could not live (properly) for eight years.
We could not raise cats and dogs because they would die when the land was submerged. The meter-high water took a month to drain, but then the environment became polluted. We had to find other means of living.
We've lived here through three generations by farming vegetables, but now we have to flatten out the land and build the four-level houses to keep on living."
Truc was refuting the government's claim that the residents living in Loc Hung were constructing houses illegally when it confirmed that some 112 homes were demolished on January 8, 2019.
Loc Hung Garden is a complicated legal issue involving land rights and land possession, with the case beginning to beleaguer the Ho Chi Minh City government in the late 1990s.
The Vietnamese government has faced increasing legal headaches concerning land disputes over the years, due to rapid nationwide development.
Land Disputes Developing with and within Land Development
Vietnam's economy grew exponentially in the past three decades after the communist regime decided to "open up" and explore a "free market with socialist characteristics." In big cities like Hanoi and Saigon, some investment and development projects crashed head-on with the former way of life: farming.
As Vietnam has been an agricultural society for thousands of years, the fact that there were farmers in the big cities probably shouldn't surprise anyone. However, the clash between the old and new ways of life – coupled with a lack of clear legal framework – has created long-lasting social, economic, and political problems.
The Loc Hung Garden incident was not the first and definitely will not be the last of its kind.
In Vietnam currently, there are hundreds of thousands of land-lost victims who are known as "dân oan" in Vietnamese, often translated as "victims of injustice" in English.
As of January 8, 2018, some may want to add another 124 households from the Loc Hung area to this population.
At the same time, the local government has not exactly been transparent about the legal basis to support their claim to the land.
What the public knows thus far includes a still-pending development project for a public school system from K-12 on the land where Loc Hung Garden is located, and that this project was postponed numerous times during the last five years.
Before that, both the city and the district's officials had failed to carry out the other public construction projects they previously proposed for the area.
In report No. 6035/UBND-NCPC sent to the Government Inspectorate dated October 20, 2016, the People's Committee of Ho Chi Minh City admitted two critical matters:
1) The public school development project has yet to be executed and was still only a prospect, and
2) The land dispute with the residents at Loc Hung Garden would have continued to be classified as a "complicated and long-term petition" as the project had already started.
The report and its conclusion indicate that the government always recognized the land dispute at Loc Hung Garden was not a matter of black-and-white and that it anticipated a lengthy legal battle with the residents once the project began.
Information on the pending development project, as well as the proposal on compensation and relocation of the residents, is not made readily available to either the residents of Loc Hung or the public at-large as prescribed by law.
Was There Due Process?
The official reason given by the authorities (the People's Committees of both the Tan Binh District and the 6th Ward) for tearing down the hundreds of homes was to enforce the order to remove illegal structures at Loc Hung Garden.
For the enforcement and removal to take place, the law in Vietnam requires the authorities to provide three critical documents with sufficient public notice to the violating individuals or entities:
- The report conducted by the appropriate authorities on the violation
- The decision to penalize the violation, and
- The decision to enforce
(Law on Land 2013, Law on Administrative Penalization 2012, Decision 166/2013/NĐ-CP on Enforcement of Judgment, and Decision 102/2014/NĐ-CP on Administrative Penalization Relating to Land – all links in Vietnamese).
These documents should also be served to the violating individuals and entities, giving them an opportunity to remedy the violations voluntarily.
Cao Ha Truc told me he did not receive any of the three required documents but cautioned that he could not speak for all others in the area.
The state-owned newspaper that published the story about Loc Hung also did not enclose copies of these essential documents.
When I called the office of the People's Committee of Tan Binh District and asked for copies of the documents to be provided electronically according to law, I was turned down. The desk person stated that I would need to show up in person to make my request.
The law prescribes a specific duty to the enforcing authorities, which is to establish that the required documentation exists and that the affected people are duly notified. When the government has yet to provide them, we cannot conclude that there was due process.
Who Owns the Land in Vietnam?
Land in Vietnam "belongs to the entire people with the State acting as the owner's representative and uniformly managing land. The State shall hand over land use rights to land users in accordance with this Law." (Article 4, 2013 Law on Land).
I noticed the word "shall" was added in the English translation that I found online. Its addition makes a significant legal difference.
The 2013 Law on Land provides in detail a long list of specific scenarios where the Vietnamese government would hand over land rights use to the people. At the same time, it also prescribes another list of situations where the government could perform land reclamation and land requisition.
The main legal issues in the Loc Hung Garden case have always centered on the farmers' right to possess the land and their land use rights from 1975 until now.
The government claims they acquired the land and the other 1.2 hectares nearby from the now-defunct South Vietnam's postal services under Government Council Decision No. 111/CP dated April 14, 1977.
The residents claim that Decision No. 111/CP only covers the 1.2 hectares because the 4.8 hectares in question have been used for farming during the last 60 years in an undisrupted and undisputed manner. They also claim that the 4.8 hectares belong to the Catholic Church and the church gifted it to the farmers in 1954.
All parties involved agree on the size of the disputed land and the fact that the current government did allow residents to continue living and farming on the property undisrupted since 1975.
On January 8, 2019, the Tan Binh District's division of the Central Propaganda Committee issued a publication, stating that the residents who had been living and farming at Loc Hung Garden would be entitled to compensation according to the policy for agriculture lands.
What would be the justification to compensate the residents if there wasn't any legal basis for them to live there in the first place?
And more importantly, is any amount of monetary compensation enough to gain back the people's trust in their government?
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With Economic Development Comes Greater Government Oppression: Why the EU Must Reconsider Its Free Trade Deal with Vietnam
The agreement threatens to legitimize a brutal regime unless greater human rights protections are incorporated.
On the same day in 2020 that Vietnam chaired its first Security Council meeting in New York, just a few hours earlier and some 8000 miles away near its capital, Hanoi, the Communist Party of Vietnam directly attacked Dong Tam village for refusing to give up its land.
The result? Police shot dead Dong Tam's beloved leader and former Party village chief, Le Dinh Kinh, an 84-year-old veteran who had been a Party member for 57 years; three police officers also died after falling down a sky-light, ostensibly pursuing "suspects" who resisted the authorities. Twenty two villagers have subsequently been arrested, with twenty being charged with murder. If convicted, these villagers could face the death penalty.
The Dong Tam land seizure event of last week is therefore a watershed moment in Vietnam's post-war history for many reasons. First, it marks for the first time in the age of social media an open and deadly clash between the Party and its once loyal support base: villagers in northern Vietnam. According to a 2015 Bloomberg finding, almost 70% of Party members live in the north, even though the north is home to less than half of the country's population of 96 million.
Second, it shows the Party's determination in ending the dispute, no matter the costs, and the great lengths it will go to muzzle public outcry afterwards, both on- and offline.
Just two days after the incident, the Ministry of Information, which controls and censors all media content in Vietnam, called for Facebook – by far the most popular social media platform in Vietnam, used by some 55 million netizens – to be punished for 'not following Vietnamese laws' in allowing 'distortion and fake news' to be spread on its platform.
Following official warnings and thanks to a large cyber-troop force the government employs, some users reporting on Dong Tam have been locked out of their accounts or had content taken down by Facebook, a fact Amnesty International has confirmed in recent days.
Offline, the Party's determination couldn't be more clear. Less than 24 hours after the incident, the most senior member of the Politburo and Vietnam's top leader, Party General Secretary Nguyen Phu Trong, posthumously awarded the officers killed the title of "martyr", designating them as first-class heroes.
A week later, in an elaborate ceremony held at the State Funeral House, the Prime Minister himself along with other Politburo members, including the powerful Minister of Public Security, attended the funeral, noting that the officers 'sacrificed their lives to protect national security'.
It is, indeed, not surprising that the Party views the incident as a matter of significant national security. After all, though land disputes are common in Vietnam because the government does not recognize private land ownership, never before has an entire village dared to resist government seizure of its land at all costs and announce its intentions accordingly on Youtube and Facebook.
With Vietnam's economy expected to grow faster in the next decade, land designated for development purposes and seized by the government will likely exacerbate the security situation on the ground if not dealt with decisively. In the case of Dong Tam, the land seizure was for Viettel Group, Vietnam's military-run communications company. They had to act.
But the timing could not have been worse. In the coming days, the EU Parliament's Trade Committee is expected to vote on the EU – Vietnam Free Trade Agreement, worth 42 billion dollars annually and described by the EU as 'the most ambitious free trade deal ever concluded with a developing country'. If passed, it will go to Parliament for a final vote on February 10.
According to Human Rights Watch, already there is significant concern among some EU MEPs regarding Vietnam's worsening human rights record. Just last month, they also discovered that the trade deal rapporteur, MEP Jan Zahradil, has institutional links with the Party, leading to his immediate resignation.
With the latest incident in Dong Tam, it is also important for the 751 MEPs to realize that while the deal will bring more economic benefits to Vietnam, without clear and concrete human rights benchmarks, the deal will likely provide more incentives for the Party loyal and powerful to grab more land from the poor for developments without proper compensation and recourse.
As a result, if passed in its present form, expect more land losses and tragic deaths in villages across Vietnam, not less. After all, 65% of Vietnam's population still lives in rural areas.
As for the Security Council of which Vietnam is the President this month, expect no resolutions on the matter. Dang Dinh Quy, head of Vietnam's permanent mission in New York, is a Communist Party member himself.
Vietnam's Travel Bans Infringe on Activists' Rights And Violate Own Constitution
On November 20, 2019, Father Nguyen Dinh Thuc, a Vietnamese Catholic priest, posted on his Facebook page that he was not allowed to leave Vietnam to go to Japan to meet with the Pope during the papal visit to Asia. The immigration police gave Father Thuc a document explaining the reason why the government did not allow him to travel abroad. It stated that the priest was banned from leaving Vietnam because the authorities believed they were preventing possible crimes against "national security and public order" according to Article 21, Section 6 of Decree 136/2007/ND-CP. This decree was issued (link in Vietnamese) by Vietnam's executive branch on August 17, 2007.
This was not the first time Father Thuc was prevented from traveling overseas. About two years ago, he was also blocked from traveling to Taiwan to attend meetings with Taiwanese civil society organizations regarding an environmental disaster involving a Taiwan enterprise, the Formosa Plastics Corporation. In one of Vietnam's four central coastal provinces, Father Thuc had helped some of the victims of the Formosa incident voice their concerns over a legal fight and the aftermath of the disastrous environmental situation.
The case of Father Thuc again demonstrates how the Vietnamese government bans human rights activists from traveling in order to stop them from participating in international advocacy efforts. The Vietnamese authorities have confiscated the passports of more than 100 Vietnamese activists, banning them from traveling by citing the same legal section: Decree 136/2007/ND-CP. Activists are deemed by police as a threat to Vietnam's national security and public order when they go abroad.
This incident also explains why we seldom see activists from Vietnam taking part in international advocacy for human rights in Vietnam. And even when activists do travel, they may not want to expose themselves publicly during advocacy events for Vietnam's human rights because they could lose their passports upon returning home. Dinh Thao, an environmental and human rights activist, had her passport confiscated after being detained for several hours by police after returning to Vietnam this month. In the last three years, she traveled the world publicly advocating for human rights in Vietnam, and the confiscation of her passport was the price she had to pay for her actions.
The story of Dinh Thao is the same dilemma that almost all Vietnamese activists have had to deal with in the past five or six years. If they travel abroad and publicly advocate for human rights in Vietnam, they face the possibility of being blocked from traveling again after they return to Vietnam. When Vietnam underwent its second Universal Periodic Review (UPR) in 2014, activists accused the government of reprisals when it prevented activists from leaving the country to advocate for Vietnam's human rights. Among them, Paulo Nguyen Ho Nhat Thanh, Pham Chi Dung, and Nguyen Bac Truyen were not allowed to depart the country to go to Geneva, Switzerland in January and February 2014 when their passports were confiscated. Pham Le Vuong Cac was also detained and had his passport confiscated in August 2014 when he returned to Vietnam after attending the UPR in Geneva. During the last UPR in 2019, Nguyen Thi Kim Khanh, wife of political prisoner Truong Minh Duc, participated in advocacy activities to raise her husband's case in Europe and was detained for five hours upon her arrival in Vietnam. The police also took her passport without any judicial oversight, stating it was for national security.
Without their passports, these activists are prevented from traveling abroad and if they leave the country without it, they risk being considered illegal immigrants or worse, being accused of taking part in human trafficking schemes.
The ban on activists traveling overseas is illegal, and it also directly violates Vietnam's 2013 Constitution. Article 23 of the Constitution guarantees that "citizens shall enjoy the freedom of movement and of residence within the country; and can freely travel abroad and return home from abroad." By issuing governmental decrees like Decree 136/2007/ND-CP in 2007, the Vietnamese government has violated the rights of its citizens.
These decrees were not introduced, debated, and passed by the legislative branch but were executive orders whose constitutionality should ideally be decided by a judicial review. Sadly, Vietnam's court system is not independent, and there is no constitutional court in the country. The government is able to issue unconstitutional decrees to suppress people's rights without having any form of checks and balances.
The right of movement has met the same fate as the right for peaceful assembly: both of these rights have been violated by governmental decrees with the people having no means at all to fight back. In Vietnam, the National Assembly's Standing Committee has the right to exercise the power to interpret the law, including constitutional law. This is the committee that can decide whether a law or a decree is constitutional. Unfortunately, the Standing Committee has never exercised that power.
The government also does not notify activists when it puts their names on a "no travel ban" list, and some of them only find out upon arrival at the airport, as was the case of Father Thuc. Some people, such as Dinh Thao, had their passports confiscated by the police immediately after they returned to Vietnam from overseas.
And yet, when the authorities infringe upon these activists' right of movement, the police do not even follow the prescriptions as stated in Decree 136/2007/ND-CP. Article 22, Section 1(d) of this decree states that if a person is prevented from traveling because he or she is suspected to be a threat to national security or public order, such a decision to ban travel must be issued by the minister of the Ministry of Public Security – the head of the national police. In reality, none of the documents banning activists from traveling are signed by the minister. In the latest case of Father Thuc, the decision was signed by an immigration police officer, Lieutenant Colonel Phan Huan.
Human rights activists in Vietnam face blatant violations of their rights by the government daily as reprisals for their work, but the government cannot stop the democracy movement from expanding. The activist community continues to grow and they willingly face harassment and imprisonment. In recent years, Vietnam has arrested more people for political dissent and handed down harsher sentences. Posting on Facebook with information that the government dislikes may land a person in jail for a decade, as we saw earlier this month. But at the same time, more people are willing to write and expose corruption and official wrongdoing in Vietnam. This is a time for political change and Vietnamese citizens want to be a part of this change. They are increasingly daring to face the consequences.
In all of the human rights dialogue that the West participates in with Vietnam, putting an end to the travel ban should be top priority. If that happens, then the world will be able to hear Vietnamese activists express their struggles on the international stage. The advocacy to improve the human rights situation in Vietnam should start with eliminating the travel ban now.
How Can The EU Parliament Convince Us That Vietnam Will Improve Its Human Rights Record When Dissidents Continue To Get Jailed For Exercising Their Rights?
The European Union – Vietnam Free Trade Agreement (EV-FTA) is expected to be a comprehensive win-win deal for both sides, ambitiously seeking to improve trade and boost mutual economic growth. As with all free trade agreements to which the EU is a party to, a human rights clause is built into this FTA with Vietnam. Many EU officials and parliament members that I have met in the past two years through my advocacy for Vietnam's human rights situation earnestly believe that Vietnam will improve its record once the FTA takes effect.
In the past, these friends have asked me to have some faith in the current regime, assuring me that our Vietnamese human rights activists and defenders will have better days in the future. It is a very typical "give them more time" argument that they expect me to accept. Yet the record shows that Vietnam's aggression against human rights activists increases every year while government-controlled courts continue to hand out harsh sentences. I often wonder how EU officials still want to convince me to have such faith?
In March 2019, I met with an EU official who was participating in the negotiations of the EV-FTA. She expressed great sympathy for human rights defenders in Vietnam and even realized the situation for human rights there was worrying. And yet, towards the end of our conversation, she asked me what I thought about one of Vietnam's ministers, whose name I will not disclose. She seemed to be fond of the guy and praised him for belonging to a "progressive group in the Vietnamese Communist Party (VCP)" that she said hopefully would one day push for an improvement in human rights in the country.
As a democracy activist, I personally think that regardless of whether a person is progressive or not, none of the VCP members right now would dare to inch away from the Party's political monopoly inside the country. And I frankly stated that the Ministry of Public Security – the national police – would never allow any official to raise his or her voice over the human rights situation in Vietnam. Asking for political pluralism, an improvement in the human rights situation, and democracy would place anyone in danger of being sent to prison for more than a decade, as the latest political trials have shown this year.
I met with the official right after attending the United Nations Human Rights Committee's 125th session in Geneva, Switzerland where the Committee completed its third periodic report on Vietnam's implementation of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR). Vietnam submitted its report after a 13-year delay in December 2017–the original deadline was set for August 2004. The Committee sadly acknowledged that in Vietnam's review "less information was provided on the actual implementation of ICCPR and application of domestic laws in practice, where concrete data was crucially lacking."
Vietnam ascended to the ICCPR in 1982, but with regard to complying with the international covenant on human rights, it didn't actually provide any opportunities for people to learn and exercise their rights. More than that, the government did not allow the Vietnamese people to use the ICCPR in courts to defend themselves when such rights were being violated.
The point is that more than three decades after Vietnam joined the ICCPR, the human rights situation in Vietnam remains hopeless and people's rights are being violated on a daily basis. How can we believe that the EV-FTA will improve such a situation when the ICCPR has so far failed so miserably?
I began to write this article after receiving the news that a close friend, an activist from Vietnam, had been detained upon arrival at the Noi Bai International Airport, where she was put into detention by 10 security police. Dinh Thao is an environmental and human rights activist who left Vietnam to study and work abroad as an advocate for human rights more than three years ago. She was a medical doctor before becoming an activist and I am sure some of the EU parliament members must remember her because she advocated for Vietnam's human rights situation in Brussels a few years ago and may have met some of them.
Thao is non-violent and even created a project to educate people about peaceful demonstrations. Yet she was detained by the police immediately after her arrival in Vietnam. What crime did she commit to deserve such treatment? Or is it just simply the fact that the government violated her rights in retaliation for her advocacy internationally for more human rights in Vietnam?
On the same day that Dinh Thao was detained, November 15, 2019, another Vietnamese was sentenced to 11 years imprisonment and five years of house arrest. Nguyen Nang Tinh, a music teacher who also advocated for human rights and democracy for Vietnam, was accused by the state of "propagandizing against the government" via his Facebook posts. Tinh denied that the alleged Facebook account belongs to him, but if you read the posts in that account you'll see that there was nothing that called for a violent overthrow of the regime. If you search for him online, you will see videos of him teaching young children patriotic songs, songs that demand human rights for the people. How could his activities be called "propaganda against the state"?
As I have worked to protect the human rights of activists in Vietnam for many years, I have often recounted their stories to many Western politicians and officials. The activists I have met are people who had the opportunity to learn about the concept of human rights and who then started to defend such rights for others and also sometimes for themselves. They are the people who believe in the spirit and the universal values of human rights and they also believe that international laws, such as the ICCPR, will protect them. They probably had hoped that the ICCPR would be implemented in Vietnam at their trials. But that hope was never realized because we have never seen arguments articulating any of the articles of the ICCPR, such as Article 19, which protects the freedom of expression, presented in Vietnamese courts.
And as a result, human rights activists and defenders have often typically been sentenced in rushed one-day trials without an independent judiciary. Sometimes the decisions handed down include lengthy jail sentences, as in the case of Nguyen Nang Tinh, which happened this month.
In response to the EU officials who asked me to "have faith" in the regime, I point to a database built by the independent civil society organization The 88 Project, which catalogues the arrest and detention of political prisoners in Vietnam. A representative of that organization informed me a few days ago that in 2018, the Vietnamese government had arrested 145 people. These arrests showed the authorities' blatant violation of the human rights of citizens. That number was greater than the number of arrests Vietnam made in 2017, 2016, and 2015 combined. In 2018, the number of arrests went up because the government detained and sentenced many people after large demonstrations happened in June 2018, in protest against the new cybersecurity law and the development of special economic zones with Chinese investment.
It is not only human rights activists who are being treated unfairly and who are suffering mistreatment in Vietnam. There are also other groups, such as the workers, for whom the EV-FTA probably has some aspirations to improve their work environment and living standards. Many EU Parliament members have urged the Vietnamese government to quickly ratify the remaining three International Labor Organization (ILO) conventions prior to EU voting on the trade deal. Vietnam has promised to ratify the three ILO conventions over a time period of five years beginning in 2018. However, ratification of international laws is one thing, while the reality of how the Vietnamese authorities have failed to improve workers' lives is another story.
In Taipei, Taiwan, legal migrant workers from Vietnam went on a protest this month to demand the abolition of broker fees that each of them had to pay to be able to work in Taiwan. These broker fees are considered to be part of the most exploitative system of all of the countries in Southeast Asia from which these workers come from. What does the Vietnamese government know about this system and why does it allow such a broker fee system to continue to exploit their people? Would the EV-FTA be able to eradicate that system to improve the lives of these workers? How can I have the faith to believe that the Vietnamese government will ever take care of these people?
Recently, Prime Minister Hun Sen of Cambodia released 70 opposition activists in order to improve his country's human rights image after the EU threatened the withdrawal of special trade preferences. Cambodia's political system has many aspects that are far better than in Vietnam. That country at least has an opposition political party – the Cambodian National Rescue Party (CNRP). On the contrary, the Vietnamese Communist Party has a political monopoly and we don't have a single other political party.
Running for office as an independent candidate will not lead to any success as the 2016 elections have demonstrated. Being a member of a political party that was formed overseas was the reason that Vietnam sentenced a 70-year-old Vietnamese-Australian man, Chau Van Kham, to 12 years in prison earlier this month.
And yet, the EV-FTA provides for a lot more benefits for Vietnam than compared the trade preferences that Cambodia would get from the EU. How can Cambodia demonstrate a greater willingness to improve its human rights record while Vietnam just keeps getting worse? How can I have faith that Vietnam will eventually improve?
During these days, police brutality in Hong Kong has increased dramatically as we see from the recent news coming out from universities there. And as we support and pray for young people there, I hope none of the international politicians and officials will say "give China more time" so that they can resolve their human rights problems.
In my personal capacity, despite all my efforts, I have yet to make Vietnam's human rights situation become more well-known in the world. However, I can not look at all of my human rights activists friends in Vietnam and tell them to be patient and to give the government more time.
We need to raise our voices and demand right now that the Vietnamese government make an effort to improve its human rights record. Should Vietnam make some improvements prior to the EU Parliament vote on the FTA trade deal? Yes, absolutely. Vietnam has to show its good faith by releasing the more than 200 political prisoners who are currently serving time and by allowing the emergence of political pluralism with fair and free elections.
This Land Is Our Land: 100 Years Of Blood Spilled Over Land Rights In Vietnam
Recap: Sentencing in the Dong Tam Trial
The Dong Tam Case: What happens next?
Dong Tam Trial – Day 4
Dong Tam Trial – Day 3
Dong Tam Trial – Day 2
Dong Tam Incident: "My Husband Was Loyal To The Party Until His Death"
Dong Tam Trial – Day 1
"Dong Tam Report" – Trying to Find Transparency
Religion Bulletin – July 2020
"Dong Tam Report" – Trying to Find Transparency
This Land Is Our Land: 100 Years Of Blood Spilled Over Land Rights In Vietnam
Dong Tam Trial – Day 1
Dong Tam Incident: "My Husband Was Loyal To The Party Until His Death"
Dong Tam Trial – Day 4
Dong Tam Trial – Day 3
The Dong Tam Case: What happens next?
The Tumultuous Lives of Three Monks: Thich Nhat Hanh, Thich Tri Quang, and Thich Quang Do
Recap: Sentencing in the Dong Tam Trial
Dong Tam Trial – Day 2
Human Rights3 years ago
Timeline: The Formosa Environmental Disaster
News2 years ago
Vietnam, A Step Closer to Democracy With The Latest Nationwide Protests?
Opinion-Section3 years ago
"Piss on Trump" Opens Up Much Needed Debates on Individual Rights Among Vietnamese
Human Rights2 years ago
Will #MeToo finally have its break in Vietnam?
Opinion-Section2 years ago
North / South
Death Penalty2 years ago
Five Facts About Vietnam's Death Sentences and Executions in 2018
Politics2 years ago
FAQs About The Special Economic Zones and Vietnam's SEZ Draft Bill
Human Rights2 years ago
From Nguyễn Văn Đài's April 5, 2018 Trial – What Constitutes "Overthrowing the People's Government" in Vietnam?


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Discussion Starter • #1 •
My Fiat suddenly lost power and cut-out. Never happened before. Called recovery who jump started it and reckoned it was battery as Stop/start will drain battery. Had new one fitted but did the same again! My husband wonders whether it's fuel starvation? It's a Fiat 500 Twinair 64 plate.

subset: commoncrawl


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PAGE DEPRECATED: Updated content located here.
If you are the owner of a real device account, you can add other team members to your account through email invitations.
Linking Real Device Accounts to Sauce Labs Logins
Your Real Device Cloud account is automatically linked to your Sauce Labs account based on your Sauce Labs account name. To make sure your RDC account is linked with your Sauce Labs login:
- Log into https://saucelabs.com with your Sauce Labs account credentials.
- In the top right corner of the navigation bar, click Access Real Device Automation to access the Real Device Cloud.
This will automatically link your Sauce Labs account with the Real Device Cloud account.
Team Structures for Sauce Labs and Real Device Accounts
If you have set up a team on Sauce Labs for working with virtual devices, that same team structure will be mirrored for your real device cloud account. However, because the team structure for your virtual device account can have several layers, while the team structure for real device accounts is flat, only administrators for your organization will be set up as team admins. All virtual device account team members will be set up as members of the same team for your real device account.
Adding Users to the Team
If you add team members to your Sauce Labs account, they will also be automatically added to your real device cloud account. If you want to add users directly to your real device account, follow these steps. If you add users to your real device account directly, they will not also be added to your Sauce Labs account.
- Log into https://saucelabs.com with your Sauce Labs account credentials.
- In the top right corner of the navigation bar, click Access Real Device Automation to access the Sauce Labs Real Device Cloud.
- In the upper-right corner of the page, click the User Profile icon, and then Account Settings.
- Click the Team tab.
- Enter the email address of the person you want to add to your team, and click Invite.
This will send an email with a temporary password to that team member, and your new team member can log in and set their own password and user information. This will also create the new user's real device cloud account, so there is no need for them to log into saucelabs.com and then create the link between their accounts as described in the section above.


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Lead Buyer, SME & Manager JobPosted by The RFT Group
over one month ago
Part & warehouse operatives
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Dublin - Ireland
Transportation, Warehouse
Position: Part & Full time warehouse operatives Dublin 15 - Broadline recruiters have a number of vacancies that have opened up in...
Part & warehouse operatives JobPosted by Broadline Group
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Job in
Longueuil - Quebec - Canada
Transportation, Hotel
Détails de l'emploi - Description - RÔLE ET CONTEXTE : - En collaboration avec le chef cuisinier et le cuisinier, le plongeur est...
Plongeur JobPosted by Groupe Sélection
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Job in
Laval - Quebec - Canada
Transportation, Hotel
Détails de l'emploi - Description - RÔLE ET CONTEXTE : - En collaboration avec le chef cuisinier et le cuisinier, le plongeur est...
Plongeur JobPosted by Groupe Sélection
over one month ago
Senior Buyer
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Los Angeles - California - USA
Supply Chain/Logistics
MPI does not discriminate on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, national origin,...
Senior Buyer JobCompany: Michael Page
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Texas - USA
Maintenance/Cleaning, Transportation
Location: Kopperl - Anyone can offer a truck - driving job. Groendyke Transport offers careers that unlock unlimited potential. - Summary -...
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Warehouse Manager
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Livreur/doit posséder une auto
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Senior/Recruitment Consultant Supply Chain/Procurement
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Procurement Manager
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Category Manager for engineering products
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Middlesex Shotokan Karate Club
This service or activity may not be running as normal due to COVID 19. Please contact them directly to find out more.
Middlesex Shotokan Karate is a family friendly club dedicated to providing high quality training to adults and children (5+) since 1980. We welcome new members of all levels from beginners to Dan grades. Self defence, discipline, health and fitness are at the core of our teaching as is a commitment to help each and every student reach their goals.
Our sessions bring together the traditional discipline of Shotokan Karate and effective fitness development for all of our students.
Our syllabus focuses on teaching basic techniques (Kihon), pre-arranged sparring (Kumite) and forms (Kata) with great emphasis on the application of the techniques (Bunkai).
Service details
- Age Range
5 years and over
- Cost(s)
Amount Cost Type £5 Per Session
- Additional Information
All Instructors are DBS checked, First Aid trained and registered with Karate Governing Body (FEKO).
When is it on
- Date & Time
- Every Saturday: 1pm - 2pm (Beginners), 2pm - 3pm (Intermediate), 3pm - 4pm (Advanced)
Where to go
- Name of venue
- Hanworth Air Park Leisure Centre & Library
- Venue address
Uxbridge Rd
- Postcode
Who to contact
- Name
- Middlesex Shotokan Karate
- Telephone
07535 870 766
07958 086 645
- email@example.com
- Website
- www.facebook.com/MSKCommunity
Public disclaimer:
The role of this directory is to provide information. It is your personal responsibility to make sure that organisations are appropriate and safe for you, your child or young person before they attend. Please read our guide to staying safe - things to consider


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Before I read The City We Became, the first book in a new trilogy by N.K. Jemisin, I heard someone describe it as Captain Planet meets Cthulhu. Truly, a more apt description is not possible for this delightful, bold, action-packed book.
Unlike most of Jemisin's previous work, this one is set in modern New York City instead of a fantasy world. But like her previous books, there's plenty of magic, myth, and confronting of racism and prejudice.
The book's premise is this: Cities, when they're vibrant enough, can become, living, breathing entities represented by human avatars. In New York's case, there are six—one for each of the five boroughs, and one primary avatar who will unite them. With the exception of Staten Island, all the avatars are people of color representing NYC's diversity.
(And this is where, if you were a child in the '90s, you'll immediately see the similarity to Captain Planet, a cartoon that featured five children who protected the earth and could call on the super hero Captain Planet when they all got together.)
Unfortunately for cities everywhere, the "Enemy" wants to prevent cities from actualizing. The Enemy is a Lovecraftian horror, complete with tentacles and the ability to pierce dimensions and cause shifts in reality. Not at all coincidentally, the Enemy takes the form of the Woman in White, and always appears to the avatars as a well-dressed white woman in a business suit (or athleisure, a few times).
Themes of race, racism, and gentrification are at the forefront of The City We Became. Not only do the boroughs have to fight the inter-dimensional horror of the Woman in White, they also have to convince the sheltered, scared, conservative avatar of Staten Island that four brown people are the good guys. As you can imagine, this does not go particularly well.
Initially, I had trouble getting into the story. The writing is top-notch, and the way Jemisin gives each borough such a distinctive voice is masterful. But I don't have any strong connections to New York City. I've visited numerous times and enjoy visiting, but it's not the kind of city I'd personally want to live in. Once I got past the first three chapters, though, I found myself hooked.
Some reviewers have said they didn't always know what was going on, and I can understand that criticism. The City We Became is a big concept book, and some familiarity with the Cthulhu mythos will definitely help ground your reading.
But what Jemisin does well, she does exceptionally well. Each character truly embodies their borough. The way she writes about Staten Island's brain-washed racism and xenophobia is downright chilling and stunning to read.
Reading this book as a white woman who grew up in a conservative household, I recognized more of myself and my childhood in Staten Island's character than I really care to admit. I won't lie: parts of this book made me uncomfortable. But that's a good thing. It was refreshing to see these issues laid bare in a way that revealed issues but still humanized the character. Jemisin doesn't vilify Staten Island or present her as evil. Instead, she shows how system racism harms not only people of color, but white people as well—even as they benefit from it.
The City We Became is a love song to New York City, and it's also a critique. It's a celebration of diversity, and a reminder of how far we still have to go. But, this book tells us, we can get there if we go together.
Note: Orbit gave me an advance copy of this title in exchange for an honest review. This post contains affiliate links for Bookshop.org. Any purchases you make using these links will support not only this website, but the authors, publishers, and independent bookstores who make our bookish community so vibrant.


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Wednesdays from 10:00AM- 10:30AM, beginning September 8, Zoom/call in and let Pastor JMe know how you're doing and do a little catching up with other friends and members of Trinity. If you have time, stick around for the study on the Messianic prophesies in Isaiah that begins at 10:30AM. Here is what you need to […]Read more
Category: Faith Formation
Coffee and Bible Study
Join Pastor JMe for a cup of coffee (or tea, or cocoa, or a glass of water, or cola….) and a chat on Wednesdays at 10:30AM- 11AM Stick around for the Bible Study that begins at 11AM. She'll be talking about "faith" – according to Hebrews 11, which is known as "The Hall of Faith". […]Read more
Spirituality and thoughtfulness
Some people are looking for ways to fill their days. Others are looking to ease the stress of being confined at home. Yet others still are trying to find a reason and faith in this time. We don't have the answers, but we can provide resources and maybe a little fun. Take time to focus […]Read more
Faith-full Hand Washing
Twenty seconds can seem like a very long time to wash your hands. Of course, there have been suggestions as to songs to sing (ABC's or "Happy Birthday") that fill up the time. Below, is a link to a wonderful article about another faith-filled and prayerful way to ensure that you are taking the time […]Read more
Observing Holy Week and Easter at Home
Some of the richness of Holy Week worship will be missed this year; however, the observance can take other forms at home. Check out the links, below. The Three Days for Home 7 Stations of Cross w_ Resurrection for Children and Families (1)[1] Kids Celebrate Good Friday A (Children's Bulletin) Kids Celebrate Maundy Thursday A […]Read more
Growing Faith Online
We may not be able to come to church for Sunday School or other faith formation activities, but the internet provides many resources appropriate for Christian faith formation for Lutherans. Be sure to check out the new at-home Christian Formation resources and links found under the Engage and Connect Tab. We're adding new ones weekly. […]Read more


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mini Round Straw Bag Women Summer Rattan Bags Handmade Woven Beach Cross Body Bag Square Bohemia Shoulder handbag
Brand: Handbag Junky Boutique
Product Code: 835CB1EF904B41EC87489399CC2D1AD4
Availability: In stock
Have a question?
Item Type:
Lining Material:
Handbags Type:
Number of Handles/Straps:
Types of bags:
Main Material:
Closure Type:
Product Size
Round A: diameter 18x high 7cm
Square B: length 19x width 13x height 6.5cm
Square C:length 18.5x width 16.5x height 7cm
Its opening is a zipper with a cell phone pocket inside. When tiling, the widest part is 42CM, the height is 36CM, and the handle height is 23CM.
Please note:
1. Since the products are hand-woven, the dimensions will vary by 1-3 cm.
2. There may be color difference between different computer monitors. Please refer to the actual product for details.
3. Please refer to unit conversion: 1INCH = 2.54CM or 1CM = 0.39INCH


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Panama has an abundance of super surfable waves. There are sites for all types of surfers, from beginners to professionals. Whether you're looking for the best place to warm up or chasing the perfect spot, you'll find the wave that's right for you in Panama.
Below are some facts about surfing in Panama;
1. The temperature in Pana is around 30 ° C all year round, in the air as in the water, this destination is a dream for surfers all over the world.
2. Ideal for starting surfing or scoring world-class waves, the seasons offer conditions for all tastes.
3. Panama alternates between tropical climate from May to December and dry season from January to April.
4. Bocas del Toro, known for its world class spot, has a particularly pleasant climate for more than six months of the year.
5. Playa Venao is located on the Azuero Peninsula of Panama. On the southern side, the spots receive swells of the south almost all the year and it is there that one finds the most consistent beach breaks of the country.
6. Playa Venao is ideal for all surfers; left, right, beginner, experienced, make your choice among the many peaks.
7. The small community of Playa Venao is an example of successful mix with locals and expats who share in a relaxed atmosphere all year round. The line-up is never overcrowded, and the local surfers are cool.
8. The main spot in the center of the bay offers long and powerful left but also straight depending on the orientation of the swell.
9. The spots of Cambutal are known to be a little more powerful than those of Playa Venao but there are fewer peaks and especially much less consistency.
10. This stretch of coast at Cambutal is also known to welcome the hatching of thousands of turtles. A little wonder of nature. It is easy to find accommodation between surf lodge and eco-lodge.
11. On the Pacific side, Morro Negrito is also a well-known surf destination in Central America.
12. Located in the Gulf of Chiriqui, Morro Negrito is divided into two islands: Big island and Small island. Between beach breaks and reef breaks, you will have a lot of choices.
13. Also on the Pacific side, Santa Catalina is a small coastal town in the province of Veraguas. It has one of the longest beach breaks in Central America.
14. The water in the Santa Catalina is translucent and the marine life is abundant; enough to offer you spectacular visions from your board.
15. Not far from Santa Catalina is Playa Morrillo, another famous spot in Panama that hosts many international competitions. The water is hot, and you can find happiness there as a beginner or experienced.
16. For all those who visit Panama solely to surf, Bocas del Toro is number 1 on the list of spots to visit. Bluff Beach, on the main island of Isla Colón, is a beach with golden sand surrounded by lush exotic vegetation.
17. With waves that can go very high at Bocas del Toro, we find mostly body boarders, although some surfers come to take up the challenge from time to time.
18. There are several point breaks at Isla Grande that will suit experienced surfers.
19. Along the coast from April to June, there are generally offshore winds and regular swells from the southwest. This is one of the most popular periods for surfing in Panama.
20. The Pacific coast is also home to considerable waves in July and August. At this time of the year, South West swells are strong and constant.
21. In July and August, South West swells can sometimes exceed two to three times the height of the breakwaters.
22. The dry season (mid-November to mid-April) is not as epic in places like Santa Catalina, but some of Panama's islands may still have some nice west/northwest swells. The weather during this time of the year is sunny and the winds are light. Most of the swell is small and northwesterly.
23. During the transition period in the spring, especially in February and April, the wind can blow all day, allowing a few surfing sessions in the afternoon. Southwestern swells come at this time of the year and last until May or June.
24. Popular places like Santa Catalina can be relatively busy all year round.
25. The most accessible surf spots are found along the eastern Pacific coast in Bocas del Toro in the Caribbean. Other Caribbean spots are interesting but these tend to be difficult to access.


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Gurooji Design provides Bespoke | Innovative | Sustainable | Design Solutions for Corporate Office Interiors | Individual Residence | Prestige Retail Interiors. Our services include Interior Architecture | Interior Design Consultancy. We utilise the latest project methodologies, such as Integrated Project Delivery and 3D virtual modeling | prototyping technology to provide our services.
Friday, June 16, 2017
Proposed + As built of RAK Hotel
Posted by Gurooji Designs at 4:23 AM
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Labels: all day dining, coffee shop, hotel design, hotel interiors, hotel lobby
Saturday, June 10, 2017
Banquet hall design
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Night Club - Dubai
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Welcome to
Dear Customers
We want to say a big Good Luck to our fellow booksellers who are reopening their shops today. We will remain closed to the public for the time being, but we are still here and ready to take your orders and recommendations requests.
SCHOOLS - We will be available for teachers to make appointments to visit the shop - more information to follow soon! We are still taking orders for all of your book needs: our approval request service, library rejuvenation, class sets and more!
Get in touch with us via email (email@example.com) or phone 01263 761402.
We look forward to hearing from you!
Marilyn & The Bookshop Team (& Daisy the Cat) (01263)761402
Dear Customers
We hope that you and your families are all safe and well during these challenging times. As you may be aware from our social media, whilst the shop remains closed to the public, Marilyn has been busy working every day, selecting and packing up orders for customers and schools. With her incredible knowledge and enthusiasm for children's books and over three decades of experience as a librarian and children's bookseller, Marilyn is also offering a remote recommendation service to anyone who calls (01263 761402), emails (firstname.lastname@example.com) or gets in touch via social media.
As anyone who is a regular customer knows, Marilyn and her team are able to conjure up huge piles of books based on your preferences and specifications when you visit the shop. Whilst we are closed to the public, Marilyn has been able to chat to her customers via phone and email and offer recommendations in much the same way as we would normally. For example, if your child loves books with dinosaurs in, Marilyn can pick out all the great storybooks or picture books, or non-fiction topic books, about dinosaurs, and send you a photo or her findings. The customer is then free to "browse" the covers and decide whether they would like to buy any of the books. If they would like more information, they can get in touch with Marilyn again – she is always happy to chat about children's books.
The book centre has around 60,000 books in stock at any time, so if you have a particular book in mind, get in touch! Marilyn can also order in any book in print to be delivered to you (including adult books for parents who also need something to read during lockdown!)
Our school supply services are running as normal. Please browse the website for more information about our very popular approval collections, school library support and orders or get in touch with Marilyn to find out more information personally.
We look forward to hearing from you!
Marilyn & The Bookshop Team
Come to NCBC to see an AMAZING range
of the BEST books for Children and Teachers.
Often described as an ALADDIN'S CAVE,
with FREE Refreshments and Parking,
NCBC offers all the help you need to
pick out that NEXT GREAT READ!
NCBC has been established now for over 30 years and continues from
strength to strength as word-of-mouth recommendations ripple on!
We are an assembled team of ex-Teachers,
ex-Headteachers, Librarians and Book Enthusiasts.
We carefully review and select the best books from over 70 publishers.
We only stock the best.
We encourage just sitting and reading with children - sofa available!
Our most popular service,
hand-picked to your specifications.
NCBC can breathe new life into your School Library!
A Dream Team on a mission to fulfil your book needs!
Although any email sent to will be dealt with appropriately you may want to speed things up by using the specific email addresses shown below.
Email addresses are:-
- libraries & advice
- orders.
- school bookings & supplier payments.
- invoices & accounts.
- advertising.
- despatch.
Church Lane, Alby, Norwich NR11 7HB, UK
01263 761402


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Lots to Learn
Carpe Diem Joy Bliss Watch a child on his or her birthday and you see these amazing things in action. Eh-hem, we adults have much to learn. We gnash our teeth and refuse to say our age. We fret over new gray hairs. We complain about slight but natural aches and pains that come with… Continue reading Lots to Learn


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Many Coast Guardsmen join knowing they want to serve their country but aren't quite sure how. Not Petty Officer 1st Class Bethany Clark. Clark joined the Coast Guard in 2009 knowing exactly what she wanted to do; she wanted to be a chef. A 2006 graduate of Johnson & Whales University in Providence, R.I., Clark studied culinary nutrition and wanted to take her talents to sea.
Tag: coast guard cutter jarvis
After more than 40 years of service to the nation, Coast Guard Cutter Jarvis has retired from active service. Led by their motto, "Dedicated to Excellence," the ship will leave behind a powerful legacy, shaped by the men and women who have proudly served aboard the 378-foot ship over the last four decades.
A ship can accomplish anything with a proud crew. The spirit of all ships resides in the hearts of the crew, no matter where they go. With this in mind, we decided to focus on what we will be keeping with us instead of what we will be losing. Soon we will be leaving Jarvis behind for another ship, the Morgenthau. Yet, we will remain the same capable, hard charging crew.
Petty Officer 2nd Class Kensley Raigeluw and his father Lorenzo reunite. U.S. Coast Guard photo by Petty Officer 2nd Class Joshua Tobosa. Located 430 miles south of Guam in the Western Pacific Ocean, is a small, coral atoll made up of 22 islands called Woleai. Part of the Federated States of Micronesia, the atoll's inhabitants
We are entering week three of the People's Choice award for this year's Coast Guard Photo Contest. Every Monday, we are unveiling another batch of photos as we count down the top 40 of the more than 600 photos submitted. Below is the next set of photos taking you behind the scenes and into the
Last week we announced the People's Choice award for this year's Coast Guard Photo Contest and posted the first set of photos for your consideration. Every Monday for eight weeks, we will unveil another batch of photos as we count down the top 40 of the more than 600 photos submitted. To vote, just click on
BM2 D'Amico serves in many positions aboard the cutter, one of which is the Officer of the Deck, a position that requires the dedication and skill to be responsible for the cutter. Photo courtesy of LTJG Jason Acuna. With a history dating back to 1847, Coast Guard Cutter Bear has had remarkable crewmembers call her
Post written by Ademide Adedokun, Public Affairs Specialist for the Commandant of the Coast Guard WASHINGTON D.C. – Master Chief Petty Officer of the Coast Guard Michael Leavitt and Commandant of the Coast Guard Adm. Bob Papp present the 2009 Wanda Allen-Yearout Ombudsman of the Year Award to Christine Greiner at Coast Guard Headquarters Nov.
Ensign Roger Nayden, CGC Jarvis Public Affairs Officer, contributed to this post VLADIVOSTOK, Russia – CGC Jarvis crew poses with Coast Guard and maritime security counterparts from China, Japan, Russia and South Korea during international sports day, August 27, 2010. Sports day took place during the international Multilateral, Multi-mission Exercise. U.S. Coast Guard photo. Aloha
"A good leader inspires people to have confidence in the leader, a great leader inspires people to have confidence in themselves." – Eleanor Roosevelt Our Guardian of the Week is this year's Captain David H. Jarvis Inspirational Leadership Award winner. As the Executive Officer of the Coast Guard Cutter Jarvis at the time of the


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215 N. State College
Anaheim, CA 92806
Relaxation dentistry with Anaheim area dentist Dr. Richard Scott means your dental treatments can be done quickly. You'll be lightly sedated and you'll feel little or no discomfort.
You won't have to tolerate feeling uncomfortable or hide your smile because you need dental work. You'll feel at ease during your dental appointment, and glad that you're taking care of your oral health.
Dr. Scott has extensive experience providing gingivitis treatments in the Anaheim area. Bleeding gums can lead to more serious health problems if not treated promptly.
Our friendly, professional team will evaluate your needs and design a personal treatment plan. We'll help you have healthy gums and teeth for life.
If you're looking for dentures that look great and last, look no further than Richard B. Scott, D.D.S. located in the Anaheim, CA area. Richard Scott, D.D.S. will assess your needs and fit you with durable, comfortable, natural-looking dentures - at a price you can afford.
If you need gum disease treatment, Anaheim area gum disease dentist, Dr. Scott offers extensive experience. Unhealthy gums can be a risk factor for more serious health problems if not treated promptly.
Our professional team will assess your situation and create a personalized treatment plan. We're committed to your life-long healthy gums and teeth.
Dr. Richard Scott is a popular Anaheim area children's dentist known for his easy going and friendly approach. Our caring team is dedicated to your child's dental health.
We're happy to answer all of your questions. We want you and your children to feel comfortable, whether we're treating your toddler's baby teeth or your teenager's permanent teeth.
14437 Meridian Parkway
Riverside, CA 92508
If you want a gorgeous smile that turns heads, you may want to learn about the range of dental services offered at The Institute Of Dentistry. Riverside area cosmetic dentist Dr. Orest Frangopol is dedicated to producing quality results and beautiful smiles.
Dr. Orest Frangopol, practicing in the Riverside, CA area, can provide you with the highest quality dental crowns available, and restore your smile. Using state-of-the-art materials and cutting-edge techniques, Dr. Frangopol can make your smile look healthy and natural again.
If you're looking for attractive porcelain veneers, Riverside area veneers dentist Dr. Frangopol can help. Our friendly team will evaluate your situation to make sure you're a good candidate for dental veneers.
Then we'll develop your individual plan for the process. Your cracked, chipped or discolored teeth will be transformed to look completely natural so you can enjoy your bright new smile.
Dr. Orest Frangopol at his Riverside dentistry practice is pleased to offer you a free smile analysis if you are 18 years old or older. Our friendly and professional team will make you feel comfortable and welcome.
We'll answer your questions and assess your dental needs to achieve long term oral health. Our goal is to make your visit enjoyable, and to give you the smile you deserve.
Riverside area cosmetic dentistry at The Institute Of Dentistry can produce amazingly natural-looking results! You can have a bright, healthy new smile after just one or two sessions with Orest Frangopol, D.D.S.. It's faster and more affordable than you may think.
100 Laguna Rd. Suite 210
Fullerton, CA 92835
Here at Townview Dental Care, your comfort is our number one priority. We will do our utmost to put you at ease and keep you feeling relaxed and secure. Under the experienced leadership of Dr. Jerry Wu, our dedicated team of professionals is at your service to explain your treatment thoroughly and answer any questions you may have.
Dr. Jerry Wu at his Fullerton area dental implants practice offers extensive experience restoring your dental implant crown.
Our dedicated team uses state-of-the-art materials and techniques for stability and longevity. You'll enjoy the comfort and confidence of natural-looking teeth.
Jerry Wu, D.D.S., provides adult dentistry in the Fullerton, California area. We offer a range of dental services designed to help you maintain your oral health throughout your adult life.
Healthy teeth and gums support your overall quality of life. At Townview Dental Care, we're here to serve your dental needs.
Townview Dental Care is a trusted Fullerton area dental implants practice providing natural-looking, comfortable tooth replacement. We make it our mission to use a gentle touch during the process.
We hold ourselves to the highest standards to replace missing teeth and provide you with natural-looking results. Our goal is to restore your confidence and your bright, healthy smile.
Fullerton area dentist Dr. Jerry Wu offers dental payment plans so you can afford the treatment you need. Just talk with our friendly team about your needs.
We'll be happy to work with you to find the solution that fits your situation. We're committed to making your oral health a reality.
Rc Dental Care
10470 Foothill Blvd # 126
Rancho Cucamonga, CA, 91730-6945
Stadium Dental Orthodontics
11897 Foothill Blvd # A
Rancho Cucamonga, CA, 91730-3941
Ponderosa Dental Group
8463 Haven Ave
Rancho Cucamonga, CA, 91730-3845
(909) 481-0025
Samir Batniji & Assoc
9330 Baseline Rd # 101
Rancho Cucamonga, CA, 91701-5827
Spanish Speaking cosmetic dentistry 91730
veneers before after in Rancho Cucamonga 91730
how to get braces in Liverpool NY
invisalign braces cost Santa Clara California
Cosmetic dentistry, these days, sometimes combines science with fine art. This requires a craftsman's skill to make sure the tooth restoration is as attractive as it is durable. After all, your smile is too valuable to be spoiled by unnatural-looking dental veneers.
The goal of a cosmetic dentist should be to provide you with an attractive, natural-appearing smile. You have a wide array of choices, and a good cosmetic dentistry professional should be happy to review the possibilities with you. For example, porcelain onlays and inlays can return structural integrity to a broken tooth, while leaving it looking as good as (or possibly better than) the original.
This is especially apparent if you now have metal fillings or a gold tooth. Metal and gold, after all, are not normal components of teeth. There's a huge difference between gold or metal combination fillings and porcelain dental crowns that reflect the translucence of natural teeth. Plus, porcelain restorations are now as strong, or stronger, than your own teeth. Ask your cosmetic dentist to take before-and-after photos so you can see the difference for yourself.
Admittedly, these more natural-appearing restorations are also a little more expensive. And many dental insurance plans may not cover all of the cost for cosmetic dental work. But in terms of your appearance (and the self-confidence it boosts), there's no comparison.
Since the beginning of time, people have battled the effects of aging in order to look and feel younger. History has repeatedly shown us that people will journey to the far ends of the earth for ways to improve and maintain a youthful appearance - whether it is in search of the fountain of youth or to find plastic surgeons or cosmetic dentistry to surgically enhance their facial structures and smiles.
Plastic surgeons have been instrumental in making facelifts and other related procedures more common to the mainstream population. As a result, a paradigm shift has occurred in how we view ourselves as we get older. Cosmetic dentistry is now available to large numbers of people.
The shift has made the average person more knowledgeable of the link between lifestyle and appearance. Consequently, people are changing their habits, attitudes and preconceived perceptions of aging.
More than ever, people are more willing to dedicate the resources necessary to find the balance between their image, spirituality and life choices. In response to the shift in people's thought processes, the cosmetic dentistry community has developed newer and more predictable anti-aging techniques to slow the affect of aging on the human body.
With a large segment of the population reaching the significant milestone of 50, the increase in appearance-enhancement therapies will continue to rise significantly in coming years.
Everyone knows that if you want to cheat the aging process, the person you go to for help is a plastic surgeon. However, if you only consider a surgeon for help, you could leave out an integral part of the rejuvenation equation. Cosmetic dentistry must be included in your quest for a youthful appearance because you will not maximize the benefits of your anti-aging procedures without a smile analysis.
Your Smile Affects How Old You Look
Cosmetic dentistry procedures are like great paintings and sculptures. Your body is the canvas or clay, your face and bone structure are the frame, and at the center of the painting is your smile. In order to make masterpieces appear life-like, artisans must have an understanding of general anatomy and bone structure.
Equating those concepts to aging, you can say that your youthful appearance is as dependent upon how much support you have for your soft tissues. The old adage "Beauty is only skin deep" does not apply to plastic surgery and cosmetic dentistry. Time has a way of shrinking the underlying bone and teeth. If surgeons and cosmetic dentists do not restore what is lost, they will not be able to achieve a natural look.
Using cheek and chin implants in conjunction with facelifts are just some of the ways surgeons restore facial support and beauty. Cosmetic dentistry uses tooth whitening, bonding and porcelain veneers to create a more youthful smile.
By Benjamin O. Watkins, III, DDS, Cosmetic Dentist.


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Long Histories, Short Stories
A new and exciting podcast from the Ontario Jewish Archives explores how significant moments in Ontario's Jewish history have played out in the years since they occurred. Community leaders, historians, and commentators reflect on the past by examining records from the OJA's rich collection and consider the impact the past has made on our present-day community and ponder how things could have been different. The pilot episode is a collaboration with the Canadian Jewish News and is funded by the J. B. and Dora Salsberg Fund at the Jewish Foundation of Toronto.
Learn more about the Jewish history of Kensington Market in Toronto in this short film produced by the Ontario Jewish Archives, Blankenstein Family Heritage Centre.
Building History: The Story of Benjamin, is an 8-minute documentary created for the Ontario Jewish Archives Benjamin Brown: Architect exhibition in 2016. The film features contemporary and archival footage, as well as interviews with prominent local architects and architectural historians, such as architect Michael McClelland, architect Jack Diamond, architectural critic Alex Bozikovic, and architectural historian Marta O'Brien.


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All Risks
This type of policy is found only in the property-casualty market. All-risks insurance is obviously the most comprehensive type of coverage available. It is therefore priced proportionately higher than other types of policies, and the cost of this type of insurance should be measured against the probability of a claim.
Investment dictionary. Academic. 2012.
Look at other dictionaries:
all-risks — all ˈrisks also all risk written abbreviation a/r adjective [only before a noun] INSURANCE providing insurance against any kind of loss or damage: • Expensive items of jewellery may be insured under an all risks policy. * * * all risks … Financial and business terms
all-risks — all risksˈ adjective (of insurance) covering all risks except a number specifically excluded (eg war risks) • • • Main Entry: ↑all * * * all risks «L RIHSKS», adjective. = all risk. (Cf. ↑all risk) … Useful english dictionary
all risks — adjective see all risk … Useful english dictionary
all-risks insurance — ➔ insurance … Financial and business terms
all-risks policy — An insurance policy covering personal possessions against many risks but not, of course, all risks. A policy of this kind does not list the risks covered; instead it lists only the exclusions. Such wide cover often merits very high premiums and… … Big dictionary of business and management
All-Risks-Versicherung — All Rịsks Ver|si|che|rung 〈[ɔ:l ] f. 20〉 Versicherung, die grundsätzlich alle Gefahren umfasst [<engl. all "alle" + risk "Risiko, Gefahr"] … Universal-Lexikon
All-Risks-Versicherung — All Rịsks Ver|si|che|rung 〈[ɔ:l ] f.; Gen.: , Pl.: en〉 Versicherung, die grundsätzlich alle Gefahren umfasst [Etym.: <engl. all »alle« + risk »Risiko, Gefahr«] … Lexikalische Deutsches Wörterbuch
all-risks policy — /ˌɔ:l rɪsks ˌpɒlɪsi/ noun an insurance policy which covers risks of any kind, with no exclusions … Dictionary of banking and finance
All-Risks-Versicherungen — ⇡ Allgefahrenversicherungen … Lexikon der Economics
against all risks — aˌgainst all ˈrisks abbreviation AAR adverb INSURANCE if something is insured against all risks, it is insured against any kind of loss or damage: • The policy provides protection against all risks. * * * against all risks UK US adverb… … Financial and business terms


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Fact Sheet: DaVinci Configurator Pro
DaVinci Configurator Pro was created as an open tool for configuring and generating BSW modules and RTE. It is a practical, intuitive and user-friendly implementation of the AUTOSAR method. In addition, its multi-stage and rule-based validation process assures consistency of all configuration parameters between modules.
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On 30 January 2017 the Presiding Officer wrote to the Committee, on behalf of the Parliamentary Bureau, requesting that the Committee consider revising Standing Orders to address the situation where a committee convener is absent for an extended period of parental leave.
At its meeting on 9 March 2017 the Committee considered and agreed Standing Order rules changes.
The Committee published its report on 14 March 2017.
for further information on the work of the Committee you can contact the Clerks on 0131 348 6924 or by e-mail at: [email protected].


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Construction Management
Supplying indoor & outdoor furniture, indoor decorative lighting, and outdoor rated upholstery vinyls to architects & designers & developers for: hotels, restaurants, lounges, mixed use and more
4215 N 100th Street
Milwaukee, WI 53222
- (414) 431-3687
Need a house doctor? I make "house calls"! Real help with ice dams, attic mold, window condensation, and uneven heat. Tailored solutions, and energy savings to boot!
3359 S Pennsylvania Ave.
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Saitou-Shinsengumi Themes
Mobile Themes for your PocketPC and Smartphone
I've always been a pocketpc addict
since it first went mainstream in 2001. I did get my first PDA in the
late 90s where I had an old HP Jordana 320LX. Yes! Those things as big
as a VHS tape with a monochrome screen and keyboard. Damn that was
such a rare thing back in the Philippines then. I traded my PS1,
scanner and an AGP video card for it! Ahahaha! My dad was so mad! Ooh
but it was so worth it... Then I upgraded and upgraded, from an Compaq
Aero, Sony Clie N760c, Compaq H3650, H3700, H3800, Audiovox Maestro,
Ipaq 2210, Dell Axim, Ipaq H6300, I-mate Jam and now my mainstay....
HX4700 plus MPX200... Hehhehe... Sorry I just -had- to do that. Now
onto mobile goodness.
Pocket PC Themes
This is my favorite theme that I created a long time
ago for my PocketPC. I like the dark colors on this one and the
picture on the left doesn't do it justice. It's simply stunning on my
PDA and you should check it out.
I just love the rugged look of this one on the beach! In the background you'll actually see a small island called "sombrero" island. Sombrero means "hat" in Spanish... Although it is Spanish, this sombrero island is located in my home in the Philippines not too far where my family has a beach resort. Oh you didn't need to know that ne? ^__^
I saw this awesome drawing of Saitou in Takarabune. The image just blew me away
so I had to make a PPC theme out of it. It's all black and white, one of those
thing that I've always wanted to do but never had time to. Oh well enjoy!
I couldn't help it! I had to make a Saitou x Kenshin theme! They just look so
pretty... Love the pastel colors on this one...
Smartphone Themes
To the right is another Smartphone theme... I like calling this one "Makoto", which means "sincerity". This is the flag of the Shinsengumi. The colors here are all symbolic... How about trying to figure out what each colors means?
To the right is an MPX200 smartphone theme entitled "Saitou in Gold"... Remember in Rurouni Kenshin he became famous not only for his deadly skill the "Gatotsu" but also his "Amber" or I'd rather call it "Golden eyes".
Desktop Themes - Skins
*coming soon* or you can always donate!
Major Sections:


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1975 Ferrari 312T
Drivers: Niki Lauda, Clay Regazzoni
click images for larger views
Designed for use with theTamiya 1/12 scale Ferrari 312T kit. A vast improvement on the original kit decals, this sheet includes markings for the white areas that are considerably more opaque than the originals. Markings are availalbe for both Niki Lauda and Clay Regazzoni. This sheet has been updated for use with the new Hasegawa Ferrari 312T kit (pictutred).


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Adviser Turki Al-Sheikh Reacted Positively To A Complaint On Twitter
HE Turki al-sheik, Chairman of the General Entertainment Authority, reacted positively to a complaint on twitter.
The complaint was posted by a man whose child was not allowed to access the theme park in "Winter Wonderland" in Riyadh due to his disability.
The child's father posted footage showing his son, who suffers from blindness disability while talking about this situation.
Turki al-Shiekh commented on the tweet saying that "it is not acceptable at all … please contact Mr. Ahmed Al Mohammady from GEA right away, and we will invite you back."
Also, the GEA's official account on Twitter responded to the complaint and asked the child's father to provide his contact details.
غير مقبول هذا ابداً … ارجو تتواصل مع الاخ احمد المحمادي في الترفية حالاً واحنا عازمينكم 👍
— TURKI ALALSHIKH (@Turki_alalshikh) February 7, 2020
GEA's Tweet


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Libraries at University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Awareness, Access and Utilization of Information on Climate Change by Farmers in Zamfara State, Nigeria
Date of this Version
Chukwuji, Charles Nwabueze, Tsafe , Aliyu Gadanga (PhD), Sule, Sayudi, Yusuf, Zainab, Zakariya, Ja'afar (2019). Awareness, Access and Utilization of Information on Climate Change by Farmers in Zamfara State, Nigeria. Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)
This study was carried out in Zamfara State in 2018 after the 2017 farming season.
The study adopted survey research design. The population of the study consisted 1200 respondents comprising (staff of the Zamfara State Agricultural Development Project, FADAMA III Project, IFAD, Animal rearers and Farmers). Instruments of data collection used for the study were the questionnaire, interview and discussions. One thousand two hundred questionnaires were distributed to respondents and only 988 (82.2%) were dully returned and found usable. The results of the responses were interpreted using simple percentage and frequency tables. The findings of the study include, that 95% of Zamfara State population are farmers, Maru and Gusau Local Government Areas recorded the highest farmers' population. It was also discovered that there was a high rate of awareness of climate change information in the State with Radio, Television, extension services as major sources of climate change information in the State. It was also discovered that farmers in the State utilize climate change information like taking decisions on what and when to plant, planting improved crop varieties among others. There is also the challenges of reduction in annual rainfall, deforestation, insect-pests attack, high temperature among others. Recommendations were made for intensified awareness campaign on climate change, increased budgetary allocation to the agricultural sector for more mitigation and adaptation capacity for the farmers.


text: Egyptian government authorities have reportedly been using gay dating apps to locate and detain members of the LGBT community, according to online lifestyle and entertainment magazine CairoScene. The outlet cited a source close to the LGBT (lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender) community as claiming that the online dating platforms, such as Grindr, are jeopardizing the safety of the conservative Muslim country's homosexual population.sentenced 11 men accused of committing homosexual acts to terms of up to 12 years in jail on charges of "inciting debauchery." In late 2014, Egyptian authorities detained 26 men in a raid on a Cairo bath house after police received a report claiming they were holding gay orgies. A court later ruled to release the men."There have been a number of arrests in the last few months linked to these applications," CairoScene quoted the unnamed source as saying. The source stated that the government authorities use the technology to pinpoint the location of users by triangulation. "It is possible to tell a user's position within a few hundred meters," the source added, saying the personal photographs uploaded by users to their dating profiles makes them easily identifiable to police. "It baffles me how easily people are willing to share such personal information in a country like Egypt - it is beyond stupid," asserted the source. "I would advise anyone to be careful when dating online."While homosexuality is not specifically outlawed in Egypt, members of the country's LGBT population are known to face hostilities and punitive measures based on other charges. cnxps.cmd.push(function () { cnxps({ playerId: '36af7c51-0caf-4741-9824-2c941fc6c17b' }).render('4c4d856e0e6f4e3d808bbc1715e132f6'); });A recent crackdown on Egypt's LGBT community has led many of its members to conceal their identity out of fear of arrest or physical harm. In April, an Egyptian court