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Research Article | Open Access
Hosahalli S. Ramaswamy, Manguang Lin, "Influence of System Variables on the Heating Characteristics of Water during Continuous Flow Microwave Heating", International Journal of Microwave Science and Technology, vol. 2011, Article ID 264249, 10 pages, 2011. https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/264249
Influence of System Variables on the Heating Characteristics of Water during Continuous Flow Microwave Heating
A domestic microwave oven (1000 W) was modified to permit the continuous flow of liquids run through a helical coil centrally located inside the oven cavity. Heating characteristics were evaluated by measuring inlet and outlet temperatures of coil as a function of system variables. The influence of number of turns, coil diameter, tube diameter, pitch and initial temperature were evaluated at different flow rates. The average residence time of water was computed by dividing the coil volume by the volumetric flow rate. The influence of Dean number was evaluated. Results from this study showed that (1) higher number of turns resulted in lower heating rate, lower temperature fluctuations, higher exit temperature and longer time to achieve temperature equilibrium; (2) larger tube or coil diameter gave larger coil volume causing the heating rate to decrease; (3) faster flow rates resulted in lower exit temperatures, lower temperature fluctuation, higher Dean number and slightly higher heating rate; (4) higher initial temperatures resulted in higher exit temperatures; (5) higher Dean number resulted in more uniform heating and slightly higher heating rate. Overall, the coil volume was the more dominant factor affecting heating rate as compared with flow rate and Dean number.
1. Introduction
Curved or helically coiled pipes are usually used as heat exchangers in food processing and numerous engineering fields, such as chemical, food, boiler, refrigeration, air conditioning, and nuclear engineering due to the unique flow patterns resulting from tube curvature and the advantage of volume compactness. Many experimental and theoretical papers have reported on convective heat transfer and temperature profiles in helical coil tubes [2–12]. The results from the above studies generally show that the centrifugal force causes secondary flow within the tubes which increases the associated rate of heat transfer as compared with the values obtained for straight tubes.
Thomson [13] was the first to observe the striking effects of curvature on open-channel flow. Eustice [14] observed the trajectories of ink injected into water flowing in tubes wound around pipes of different diameters. Dean [1] was the first one to study, using a perturbation technique, the secondary flow field as a deviation from Poiseuille flow. As illustrated in Figure 1, Dean indicated that there exists a secondary flow in the form of a pair of vortices rotating in opposite directions. According to Dean, the lines in the figure "represent what may loosely be called the projections of the paths of fluid elements on the cross-section of the pipe". Then Dean began to develop a mathematical framework to explain the streamlines observed by Eustice, and later Dean [15] turned his attention to a mathematical explanation of the reduction in flow rate due to curvature, earlier experimentally observed by Eustice. In attempting to explain the reduction in flow in a curved tube compared to that in a straight tube at the same axial pressure gradient, Dean introduced the variable defined as where Re is the Reynolds number, is tube radius, is coil radius. is the precursor of the Dean number (De), which is now expressed as in (1): where Re is Reynolds number; De is Dean number; is coil diameter (m); is pipe diameter (m); is average velocity (m/s); is flow rate (mL/s); is fluid density (kg/); is fluid viscosity (Pa.s). Dean number is used as a measure of secondary flow in helically coiled pipes.
The presence of secondary flow enhances mixing of the lowing fluid and increases heat transfer even under conventional laminar flow conditions. Continuous-flow systems using helical heat exchangers are considered to yield more uniform heat treatment as compared to bulk bath-mode or straight tube heating offering advantages of improved product quality and higher nutrient retention [16, 17]. Microwave heating has advantages such as faster heating rate and more homogeneous heat dissipation in comparison with conventional heat treatment due to volumetric heat dissipation which could provide quality advantage for heat sensitive products [18]. By combing helical technique with microwave, continuous-flow microwave heating has been recognized as a promising technique for liquid foods processing due to fast heating rate, high-quality retention, uniform heating, energy-saving opportunities, prevention of surface fouling, and easy access to clean-up. Since coil configuration influences coil volume and the level of Dean number, they also influence the heating characteristics in continuous-flow microwave heating system.
In a recent study [19], raw milk was subjected to conventional isothermal water bath heating, continuous flow microwave heating, and continuous flow thermal holding in the pasteurization temperature range (60–75°C), and then immediately cooled in an ice-water bath. The associated alkaline phosphatase (ALP) residual activities were evaluated. It was demonstrated that the inactivation of ALP under microwave heating was at least an order of magnitude higher than under conventional thermal heating. These results emphasize that ALP inactivation occurred much more rapidly under microwave heating conditions than under conventional heating thereby confirming the existence of enhanced thermal effects from microwave.
In spite of publication of several studies on enzyme inactivation and microbial destruction in continuous tube flow MW heating conditions [17, 20–22], little attention has so far been given for exploring the influence of system parameters on heating characteristics in continuous-flow microwave heating system such as heating rate, exit temperature, and time to achieve temperature equilibrium which are the objectives of the study.
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Continuous-Flow Microwave Heating System
A domestic microwave oven with 1000 W nominal output at 2450 MHz (Sunbeam, Model: SMW1150, Curtis International Ltd., Toronto, ON) was modified to accommodate the continuous-flow microwave heating of water (Figure 2). Glass beakers (made from Pyrex glass) with different sizes were used to support high performance Norprene tubing (Cole-Parmer) to form coils (Figure 3) with different geometric parameters. A stainless steel container (25 liters) was used to feed water to a calibrated variable speed metering pump (Masterflex, Model: 7524-40, Cole-Parmer), which circulated water through the Norprene tubing coil centrally located inside the MW oven cavity (dimension: cm). In order to maintain a stable flow rate, a plastic buffer (Cole-Parmer) was installed between the metering pump and the microwave oven. The direction of the water flow in the system was upward in order to have a better control of flow rate. The water container and tubing were insulated to prevent heat loss. Inlet and outlet temperatures were continuously monitored using T-type thin-wire (0.381 mm diameter) copper-constantan thermocouples (Omega Engineering Inc., Stamford, Conn, USA) centrally inserted in the tubing just outside the microwave oven with their surface parallel to the direction of the fluid flow. Before installation each thermocouple was welded on a copper fin to permit the measurement of mean temperature of flowing fluid. The modified thermocouples were calibrated against ASTM mercury-in-glass thermometer. The accuracy of the temperature measurements was ±0.1°C. Temperatures were computer recorded via a data logger (Dash-8, Omega Engineering Inc., Stamford, Conn, USA). In order to get better mixing condition and reduce the temperature gradient across the radius of the tube, two static mixers (8 mm diameter, 50 mm length, Teflon, Omega) were installed near each end of coil inside the microwave oven cavity.
2.2. Measurement of Time-Temperature Profiles
Water was run through the system long enough to purge out what was previously present in the system, then the data-logger and microwave ovens were turned on. The system was run for 10 min after establishing steady-state condition indicated by a constant outlet temperature. During microwave heating, inlet and outlet temperatures were recorded every 2 seconds. Heating characteristics associating different system parameters were evaluated as detailed in Table 1. The water to be run through the microwave was kept in a controlled temperature environment for achieving the desired initial temperature. The average residence time of heated water was determined by dividing the sample volume by the steady state volumetric flow rate. Heating rate was calculated according to where HR is heating rate (°C/s); is outlet temperature (°C); is inlet temperature (°C); is residence time in microwave oven(s).
3. Results and Discussion
The influence of different system parameters (number of turns in the helical coil, coil diameter, tube diameter and pitch) on heating characteristics of water in a continuous-flow microwave heating system are detailed below. Heating parameters included were heating rate, exit temperature, and Dean number.
3.1. Number of Turns in the Coil
In the first set of experiments, the number of turns in the coil was set at 3.5, 4.5, and 5.5 (contributing to different coil heights) while the coil diameter (120 mm), tube diameter (7.9 mm), and pitch (16 mm) were kept the same. Each coil was evaluated at 240, 270, 300, 320, and 340 mL/min at initial temperature of 20°C. Time temperature profiles for the three coils (Figure 4) were obtained by pumping water through the continuous-flow microwave heating system at different flow rates showing typical lag periods prior to achieving steady state. Figure 4 shows exit temperatures as a function of heating time from the time microwave oven was turned on. The nonlinearity in time-temperature data during early phase of heating (the lag period) can easily be explained by the heat sink contributed by the coil and environment within the cavity as explained by Kudra et al. [23]. The equilibrium exit temperature and heating time required to achieve it were dependent on number of turns and the flow rate. As illustrated in Figure 4, exit temperatures generally stabilized at about 55, 58, and 60°C (indicated by "S" in each figure) after about 1.6, 1.8 and 2.0 min for the coil with 3.5, 4.5, and 5.5 turns, respectively, at a flow rate about 240 mL/min. Coils with higher number of turns had a bigger coil volume, which resulted in a longer residence time and a higher exit temperature. Hence, coils with more number of turns needed a longer time to achieve temperature equilibrium. Figure 4 shows that a faster flow rate would result in a lower exit temperature due to the shorter residence time in the microwave oven.
Typical evolution of heating rate as a function of mean flow rate for different number of turns is presented in Figure 5, showing that number of turns had prominent influence on heating rate. At the same flow rate, the higher number of turns resulted in the higher exit temperature; however, the prevalence of longer residence time and the higher heat loss (due to higher exit temperature) caused the heating rate to decrease. For the same coil, faster flow rates resulted in lower exit temperatures, but achieved higher heating rates. The faster flow rates slightly increased heating rate probably due to the lower heat loss of microwave environment because of the lower exit temperature. On the other hand, at slower flow rates, the residence times were longer, exit temperatures higher with the possibility of higher heat loss and hence resulted in the overall heating rate to be lower.
Reynolds number (calculated by (2)) associated flow rates under the experimental conditions was ≤2100, indicating that the flow condition was conventionally laminar. However, the use of helical coil, presumably creating secondary flow within the tube, helped to improve mixing of flowing fluid providing enhanced temperature uniformity even under conventional laminar flow conditions. Dean number is a measure of secondary flow in the curved tube. Tajchakavit et al. [17] used a fiber optic probe to measure temperatures of test samples inside the microwave oven at three locations (0.25, 0.5, and 0.75 tube length from the entrance) along the coil length for continuous-flow microwave heating system and reported the temperature rise in the microwave oven was somewhat nonlinear with the temperature registered generally higher than in a linearly increasing profile. They generalized that the temperature at 50% of coil length, (= outlet temperature; = inlet temperature). The mean temperature () associated density and viscosities were used for calculating Dean number (as per (1)) at different flow rates. Figure 5(b) shows that faster flow rate or higher number of turns resulted in higher Dean numbers. At each flow rate, the number of turns in the coil had a corresponding heating rate (Figure 5(a)) as well as a corresponding Dean number (Figure 5(b)). The associated heating rate and Dean number can be used to establish a relationship of heating rate versus Dean number as illustrated in Figure 5(c), showing that higher Dean numbers (due to faster flow rate) only slightly increased heating rate. However, the higher number of turns prominently reduced heating rate. These results show that number of turns had a more pronounced effect on heating rate than Dean number and flow rate.
3.2. Coil Diameter
Different coil diameters (153, 121, 102, 88, and 61.5 mm) were evaluated while keeping the other parameters at the same level (tube diameter: 7.9 mm, 5.5 turns, coil height: 88 mm). Again, each coil was evaluated at flow rates 240, 270, 300, 330, and 350 mL/min, respectively, with initial temperature 20°C. Figure 6(a) shows heating rate as a function of flow rate for the tubes of different coil diameters. Under these conditions, flow rate had no major effect on heating rate. Faster flow rates result in shorter residence times and hence lower exit temperatures thus, as determined by (3), flow rate should not have a major effect on the heating rate. However, the associated heat loss in the chamber is probably lower because of the lower exit temperatures at faster flow rates. Hence, faster flow rates slightly increased associated heating rates. Figure 6(a) also shows smaller coil diameter achieved faster heating rate due to the shorter residence time in the microwave oven, showing that coil diameter had significant influence on heating rate. Figure 6(b) shows Dean number as a function of flow rate, indicating a linearly increasing relationship with higher flow rates resulting in higher Dean numbers. More importantly, coils with larger diameters profoundly decreased the associated Dean numbers indicating lower Dean effect in creating secondary mixing conditions. As further illustrated in Figure 6(c), there was no relationship between Dean number and heating rate for the different coils.
3.3. Tube Diameter
Under continuous-flow microwave heating condition, tube diameter is one of most important parameters determining coil volume and hence the heating rate in a microwave environment. In this study, three tube diameters (6.4, 7.9, and 9.7 mm) were evaluated. Except tube diameters, the different coils had the same number of turns (5.5), coil height (110 mm), and coil diameter (108 mm). Experiments were carried out at flow rate 240, 270, 300, 330 and 370 mL/min, respectively, at initial temperature 20°C.
Figures 7(a) and 7(b) show heating rate and Dean number as a function of flow rate and Figure 7(c) shows heating rate as a function of Dean number for different coil tube diameters. Smaller tube diameters achieved higher heating rate due to smaller coil volume; however, the heating rates were mostly independent of low rates. As expected, smaller tube diameters and faster flow rates contributed to increasing the associated Dean numbers. A 50% increase in flow rate resulted in about 25% increase in Dean number with the 9.7 mm diameter tube as compared with over 40% increase with the 6.4 mm diameter tube (Figure 7(b)) indicating the greater importance of tube diameter. Again, there was no relationship between flow rate and Dean number (Figure 7(c)).
3.4. Initial Temperature of Water
With the tube diameter of 7.9 mm, coil diameter of 121 mm, coil height of 88 mm and 5.5 turns, the influence of initial temperatures (10, 20, and 30°C) on exit temperature was evaluated as a function of flow rate. Figure 8(a) shows the accepted trends that higher initial temperature results in higher exit temperature, and faster flow rate results in a lower exit temperature. Figure 8(b) also indicated that higher initial temperatures and higher flow rates resulted in higher Dean numbers possibly contributing to higher degree mixing.
3.5. Pitch
As the medium runs through continuous-flow microwave heating system, the curvature of helical coil induces a centrifugal force which created the secondary flow (Figure 1). In the helical coil, flow translation is favored as pitch increases while rotation is favored as pitch tends to zero. The influence of pitch is therefore to alter the relative dominance of translation and rotation. The more dominant the translation, the less one can expect symmetry of the vortices (at conditions at which two vortices exists). As pitch increases, the velocity at which the two vortices are symmetrical is greater (in the limit of infinite pitch, there are never two vortices) [19]. Pitch influences flow motions and patterns in the coil, thus pitch affected heating characteristics. The influence of pitch on exit temperature and heating rate are illustrated in Figure 9. Figure 9(a) shows that 20 mm pitch achieved higher exit temperature and heating rate than 18 mm pitch (from Figure 8) with a coil diameter of 121 mm, tube diameter of 7.9 mm, and 5.5 turns at initial temperature of 20°C. The heating rate also increased with flow rate and the pitch (Figure 9(b)). This positive influence may, however, decrease at much higher pitch levels because the coil progressively approaches straight tube configurations at very high pitch levels and the characteristic secondary flow may disappear. This opens up possibility for optimization; however, due to the limited space in the microwave oven cavity, the influence of pitch on heating rate or exit temperature could not be investigated extensively.
3.6. Dean Number
As evident from preceding sections, changing the tube or coil diameter results in a change in the associated Dean number in addition to changes in coil volume, and under these specific conditions the influence of Dean number on heating characteristics was accompanied by a change in coil volume. Earlier results demonstrate that coil volume is a dominant factor influencing heating characteristics as compared with Dean number. The effective way is to investigate the influence of Dean number for coils with the same or similar coil volume, but providing different Dean numbers. Exit temperature and heating rate as a function of flow rate for coil A (tube diameter 7.9 mm, coil diameter 120 mm, 3.5 turns, pitch 20 mm, and coil volume 82 mL) and coil B (tube diameter 6.4 mm, coil diameter 120 mm, 5.5 turns, pitch 20 mm, and coil volume 83 mL) at initial temperature 20°C and flow rates 4–6.2 mL/s are illustrated in Figure 10. Although the two coils had similar coil volumes, co il B achieved higher exit temperatures and heating rates than coil A due to higher Dean number of coil B than coil A as illustrated in Figure 10(c). The results show that higher Dean number resulted in higher exit temperature and heating rate due to the increased heat and mass transfer rates.
4. Conclusions
A continuous-flow microwave heating system was set up to monitor inlet and outlet temperatures of water to optimize coil configuration parameters such as coil diameter, tube diameter, number of turns, initial temperature, flow rate, and pitch to improve microwave absorption efficiency, heating rate, and reduce heating time and temperature fluctuations. Under continuous flow microwave heating condition, microwave absorption efficiency was found to be a function of flow rate, initial temperature, and coil configuration. Results from this study show that (1) higher number of turns resulted in lower heating rate, lower temperature fluctuations, higher exit temperature, and longer time to achieve temperature equilibrium; (2) larger tube or coil diameter gave larger coil volume, which caused heating rate to decrease; (3) faster flow rates resulted in lower exit temperatures, lower temperature fluctuation, higher Dean number, and slightly higher heating rate; (4) higher initial temperatures resulted in higher exit temperatures and Dean numbers; (5) higher Dean number resulted in more uniform heating and slightly higher heating rate. Overall, coil volume was the dominant factor affecting heating rate as compared with flow rate and Dean number.
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Divas news
Rules & Regulations for returning to the studio post COVID-19
The health and well-being of our students and staff is the most important when returning to our studios, and following the COVID-19 restrictions, we have the confidence in providing a shared training space that is comfortable and sterile. We want to prevent the spread by encouraging our students and staff to adhere to the following post COVID-19 rules and regulations.
Physical Distancing – "Get in, dance and please make your way out"
All Pole & Aerial Divas studios will provide each person with 4 square metres of space in all indoor areas, please see below information to limit the person-to-person contact within the studio:
- 1.5 metres a part always for each person at all times. Signage on the wall and marks on the floor will achieve the 1.5 metre physical distancing rule
- Only 10 students per class
- Staggered timetable with a 15-minute change over time between classes will prevent overlap and crossing over between people
- All students must wait outside the studio before their class; instructors will call you inside once the space is ready
- All students to exit the studio once they finish their class
- Please do not walk around, spot other students or perform doubles tricks in practice time; please be mindful of the 1.5 metre social distancing rule. Do not touch the stereo during practice time - please ask your Desk Divas
- Communal spaces such as the kitchen facilities, waiting rooms and couch areas will be closed until further notice. Please ensure you have enough water for your classes as you will not be allowed to fill your drink bottles up in the kitchen.
- We encourage all students to limit person-to-person interaction as much as possible at the desk, so if you have any queries e.g. make up classes, membership questions etc, please email your studio. Our Desk Divas will prioritise cleaning and social distancing in the 15-minute change over.
Hygiene & Cleanliness – "Act like you are contagious"
Our studios will provide regular cleaning and disinfecting of surfaces and all items handled by multiple people to reduce transmission of the virus. Cleaning procedures will be lifted to ensure all areas are hygienic and safe for all persons coming in and out of the building. The virus can be transmitted from the environment to people when they touch infected items and then touch their mouth, nose, and eyes. Therefore, we encourage regular hand washing and sanitising before and after class. See below further details to ensure both staff and students can help reduce the spread:
Make sure you know the signs of the virus. If you have any of these symptoms or you are sick, please do NOT come into the studio
- Studio cleaning procedures will be lifted, they include:
- Regular professional cleaning, weekly. And thorough cleaning by staff daily!
- 'Touch Spots' – throughout the day, your Desk Divas will be disinfecting all touch surfaces, this includes door handles, light switches, iPads, toilets, soap dispensers etc.
- As mentioned above, please refrain from touching your mouth, nose or eyes during your time at the studio
- There will be a sufficient supply of cleaning wipes and hand sanitizer at all studios. They will be placed around all areas of the studio. If you have your own hand sanitiser, please bring it with you
- Wash and sanitise your hands regularly! Before and after class, using only hand sanitiser is not a substitute for hand washing
- If possible, please keep your belongings close to you in class, and at all times (e.g. place pole or aerial bag along the wall in the studio). Otherwise, use pigeonholes provided, but please wipe surface area after use
- Please use the studio WOW wipes to wipe down your floor space, any equipment used and other touch points you handled. Do not use the WOW wipes for the poles, please use the metho provided
- BRING YOUR OWN TOWEL for pole cleaning (and another for your body) – before & after every class, spray your towel well with the methylated spirit spray, provided and thoroughly wipe all-around your pole, as high as you used it, all the way down to the ground. And do not forget the floor space you used.
- BRING YOUR OWN MAT or a full-length towel to cover ours, and to cover the mats in the Aerial Divas studio. Please wipe down your mats after use with the cleaning wipes provided.
- BRING YOUR OWN KNEE PADS - We will NOT be hiring them out during this time. All studios should have more stock of the $20 basic knee pads very soon
- Bring any OTHER EQUIPMENT for yourself such as foam blocks, Thera-bands, foam rollers, massage balls etc. If you use any studio equipment, please WIPE these down after use
- Instructors will be limiting class spotting for students, they will remain on the stage; they will assist if they feel like the student is in danger of physically hurting themselves. Please train safe!
Retail & Merchandise
- Please refrain from touching all the stock on show, including heels – browse with your eyes
- Cash will still be accepted. You may be asked to place the cash straight into the cash tin or, for privates, straight into an envelope
We encourage all students to download the COVIDSafe app – "The COVIDSafe app speeds up contacting people exposed to coronavirus (COVID-19). This helps us support and protect you, your friends and family. Please read the content on this page before downloading". Download the app here!
If you have any further concerns about returning to the studio, please contact your local studio directly, click here for our Contact Us information!


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Batay sa planong ginawa ni Ginoong A, na siyang arkitekto ,ang tagiliran ng eskwela ay tatamnan ng maraming puno at gulay, magkakaroon ng bodega at piitan para sa mga batang tamad na mag-aral.
Naglagay naman ng malaking tolda at mayroong tukod sa may paligid ng patyo ng simbahan.
Ang tolda ay mayroong tukod na kawayan upang makadan ang prusisyon.
Ang mga bintana ng bahay ay napapalamutian ng iba't-ibang dekorasyon.
May nagpapaputok ng kuwitis at may nagtutugtugan ng mga banda ng musiko.
Some of her most notable achievements include being the only Filipina singer to record with the London Philharmonic Orchestra with her rendition of the Philippine love song "Iniibig Kita," portraying the role of Frasquita in the opera "Carmen" staged not only in the Philippines but also in the United States and Canada, and as Mimi in "La Boheme" and as Nedda in "Pagliacci." She had also done tours in the country and by invitations across the globe for months on end with the Vocal Ensemble Philippines, where she is a co-founder.
"It is difficult to be a performing artist," she says while skimming through two volumes of huge red scrapbooks holding her mementos, including reviews and photos of her performances, and even flowers given by people close to her.Known at the UST Conservatory of Music as Maestra Irma, Potenciano believes that on top of great talent, hard work and discipline must be equally important to young performers.She shares her mantra about the arts: "There is no art without perfection, no art without discipline, and no art without sacrifice." Potenciano has no other way of doing her art but to walk the talk.The rave reviews she got though portrays her as a graceful total performer, the same skills and fervor that she passes on to her students with passion.A true blue Thomasian, Potenciano got her bachelor's and master's degree in music from the Conservatory.Ang mag magbubukid at taga bundok ay naghahanda ng manok,baboy bungangkahoy at mga gulay na dadalhin sa mayayamang may-ari na kanilang sinasaka.


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History Museum Expands Days, Adds Hours
Starting July 1, you'll have more time to get your history fix.
Springfield's History Museum on the Square announced they are expanding hours and adding days through July and August.
The Museum will be open Wednesdays from 10 a.m. to 5 p.m., Thursdays from 10 a.m. to 8 p.m., Friday & Saturday from 10 a.m. to 5 p.m., and Sunday 1 to 5 p.m..
The museum is also imposing the following safety requirements:
- The Museum will be deep cleaned each morning before opening, have scheduled cleaning throughout the day, and interactive surfaces will be sanitized as needed throughout the day.
- All staff will be required to wear face masks.
- All guests will be asked to wear face masks and use provided hand sanitizer upon entering the Museum.
- The Museum will encourage social distancing with stickers placed on the floor and signs throughout the Museum.
- Interactives within the Museum where social distancing is not possible will be limited to one group at a time and sanitized between groups.
The Museum is working with Springfield-Greene County Health Department officials to make sure they are doing all they can to protect museum guests.
If you have questions, contact the Museum through their website.


text: 'Mango' £29.00 SOLD A strand of five orange-yellow beads that have been thinly encased with transparent yellow, decorated with pale yellow polka dots. These are a one-off set as one of the glass colours is no longer available. Bead size/s: About 12mm diameter x 8mm Hole size: Approximately 1.8mm Kiln annealed and cleaned Note: Although I have captured the beads' colours as best as I can, different screen and monitor settings vary and as such the colours of the beads may appear slightly different in real life than they do on your computer or device. In particular, Apple devices tend to ramp up the reds so please bear this in mind when viewing beads that are red, pink, purple etc. Tumble-etching is not available for these beads.


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In early March, on the outskirts of Cairo, archaeologists discovered fragments of a giant royal statue. What kind of pharaoh she depicts – for a long time did not think: all the indirect signs said that this is Ramses II the Great, one of the most famous kings of Ancient Egypt, who ruled in the XIII century BC and is known, among other things, for his love for monumental architecture. So it was announced at a press conference, and in this form information about the find was in the media.
A week later, the Egyptian authorities again gathered journalists to report a mistake: the colossus is not Ramses.
Khaled El-Anany, Egypt's Minister of Antiquities and Cultural Heritage, said: "It is very likely that it is Psammetich I," AP reports.
A fragment of the head of a giant royal statue found on the outskirts of Cairo. Photo: Anadolu Agency
Psammetich I is known far less than Ramses II, but there is much in common between them. Both were "long-livers" on the Egyptian throne – Ramses ruled for more than 60 years, Psammetich – more than 50. Both brought prosperity and stability to Egypt. Both are considered the greatest pharaohs of their dynasties – the nineteenth and twenty-sixth respectively.
However, the difference between the periods of their rule is very significant, 600 years: Ramses II ruled in the XIII century BC, Psammetich I – in the VII century, between 664 and 610 years before Christ.
How did it happen that one pharaoh was mistaken for another?
The wreckage of the eight-meter statue (torso, lower part of the head, crown, right ear and a fragment of the right eye) was discovered by experts of the Egyptian-German archeological expedition, which for many years has excavated in the territory of ancient Heliopolis – now densely populated workers' outskirts in the northeast of Cairo, Matariya and Ain Shams.
Ancient Egyptian Iunu, or, in the Greek version, Heliopolis – "the city of the sun" – is known from the pre-dynastic period as the main center of worship of the sun gods (successively Atum, Ra, Atum-Ra, Aton …). Ramses II, the royal admirer of the god Ra, could not be ignored here: he erected several temples in Heliopolis in the name of Ra and himself.
In 2006, under a local marketplace, archaeologists excavated one of the largest temples dedicated to the sun god. Inside, scientists discovered several statues of Ramses II, weighing at least five tons. One of the statues depicted a pharaoh sitting in a vestment of leopard skin – this could mean that the pharaoh performed in this temple the role of high priest Ra.
The fragments found in March 2017, lay near the entrance to the temple, dedicated to Ramses II. According to Khaled El-Anani, the giant size of the statue is typical for the era of Ramesses the Great. In addition, earlier, in the same place, was found a statue of Pharaoh Seti II, who was Ramses grandson.
Since scientists did not find inscriptions or other instructions to the name of Pharaoh on the first fragments of the colossus raised from the ground, they acted in accordance with the duck principle: "if something looks like a duck, floats like a duck and quacks like a duck …" – in other words, That an eight-meter statue of quartzite weighing about seven tons can only belong to Ramses II.
However, after clearing all the debris raised on the reverse side of the monument, hieroglyphs were found indicating a very different pharaoh: Psammetich I.
Hieroglyphics on the back of the statue. Photo: AP
"There is a possibility, albeit small, that Psammetich I reused the older statue that belonged to Ramesses II. We are still not 100% sure that the colossus really portrays Psammetich I, but give us time – a few days, weeks or months, and we will know for sure, "said El-Anani.
Researchers still have to find out how and when the statue was broken into fragments. While archaeologists assure that the first attempt to excavate and lift the wreckage with an excavator has nothing to do with it, the stone could have split itself for the time that the statue was underground.
Moamen Othman, the head of the restoration department of the Egyptian Museum, is now in the process of preparing the conditions for the conservation of the statue, which has been lying in moist mud for dozens of centuries. This work can take about three months. It is already decided that after the restoration of the colossus will be exhibited in the collection of the Great Egyptian Museum next to the pyramids of Giza – the opening of this new museum is planned for 2018.
Egyptian authorities are actively attracting journalists' attention to such discoveries, and it's not just the historical and artistic value of the finds: Egypt needs to restore the flow of tourists, which fell sharply after the events of 2011.


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Since 1979, housing starts have dropped 31.8%. In 1979, the average 30-year mortgage was 11.2% compared to 3.75% today. That.
While the Fed's benchmark rate does not have a direct influence on fixed mortgage rates, it does often influence them. "If the federal rates go down to zero, mortgage rates could drop from 3.56% for a 30-year fixed-rate loan, as of Thursday, to, well, nothing," realtor.com reports. Is it feasible?
Pensacola Florida 32514 Average mortgage rates fall – 30-year hits 4.56% Recent trade and geopolitical issues led to a sudden decrease in long-term mortgage rates this week, according to Freddie Mac economists.
This 3-D-printed house costs $10,000 and can be built in 24 hours. Mortgage Masters Group indirection fuel How much money can you save by living with your parents? Mortgage Masters Group · If you live at home with your parents, driving might be the only option, but hopefully you can setup an arrangement where you can take public transportation for much cheaper. Many colleges offer discounts on public transportation for students. Don't Use Your Student Loans To Pay For Living ExpensesTo write about global warming is to confront the challenge rachel carson faced more than 40 years ago in addressing what she memorably called "death by indirection. governments with a strong fossil.Mickey Sun – Mar – – e um credor hipotecrio Florida Mickey Sun – Mar – – e um credor hipotecrio Florida. Aqui est o que Florida sobre: praias de sol, estende-se infinita de areia e do cu, e um rato travesso pequeno chamado mickey. Aqui est o que Florida poderia ser de cerca de, tambm: a chance nica na vida para viver no paraso.For investors that understand the risks of investing in penny and OTC stocks, these two stocks can offer an interesting entry point into the 3D printing sector. Tinkerine has shown positive growth.
A slight softening was seen in mortgage rates this week, with a small decline keeping the average 30-year frm at about a three-year low. Freddie Mac reported this week that the average offered rate for a conforming 30-year fixed-rate mortgage declined by five basis points (0.05%) to land at 3.55 percent.
In the super-long zone, the 20-year yield fell one basis point to 0.180%, while the 30-year and the 40-year yields fell half. The downbeat U.S. economic news adds to a set of weak data earlier in.
An unexpected drop. to the Mortgage Bankers Association's seasonally adjusted index. Volume was 69% higher than the same.
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An unexpected drop. mortgage application volume up 5.2% last week compared with the previous week, according to the.
Then a sharp drop in rates this summer brought demand back. The demand is being fueled by lower mortgage rates. The.
October 2019 mortgage rates forecast (FHA, VA, USDA, Conventional). the 30-year mortgage rate averaged 4.11% in August (the most recent data available).. news that points to a strengthening.
Weekend Picks | July 22-24 – Enjoy! Mortgage Masters Group 11 States and $8 Billion Settlement; Countrywide Foreclosures Suspended, Mortgages to be Modified PDF October 6, 2008 Countrywide to Set Aside $8.4 Billion in Loan Aid – October 6, 2008 Countrywide to Set Aside $8.4 Billion in Loan Aid By GRETCHEN MORGENSON Countrywide Financial has agreed to the largest program ever to modify home loans, as part of a settlement with officials in 11 states, just days after the federal government adopted a giant financial rescue package without any relief for distressed homeowners.Five Angry Birds games on Windows Phone updated with new levels floridamortgagelenderss.blogspot.com blogspot.com – TECHNOHOLIK – Angry Birds Rio HD : Angry Birds Rio HD is one of the best Game for ipad 2 and Now it's available for Download from itunes store, you can Buy this Cool game at $0.99 for ipad 2. as we all know that Angry Birds has make so many Records for iphone ,ipad and android and Now its Time for ipad 2.What Is a Reverse Mortgage? – Auto&Car Home Conventional First-Time Homebuyer Refinance Construction Lot/Land FHA Jumbo reverse mortgage view All Products.. auto, car, financing, loan, tips. While being a shrewd negotiator can be helpful when buying and financing a new car, getting the.Progressive news and media coverage on Crooks and Liars – A progressive news blog focusing on political events and the news coverage of them
Compare current mortgage rates in Florida and save money by finding best mortgage rates in Florida. Get customized mortgage rates from Hsh.com. 30-year fixed-rate mortgage-15-year fixed-rate mortgage-. VA 30 year mortgage rates today from 3.125%. Updated: 10/7/2019.
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This in turn caused a flight to safety by investors, resulting in mortgage rates dropping across the board, with the 30-year.


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Catford results in, how on earth did all 4 of us lfgss riders manage to come in within 3secs of each other?!
Incredible scenes, well done to you all!
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Twitter recently increased its character limit for display names to 50. If you'd like to take advantage of the extra space, our guide will show you how to change your display name within the Twitter mobile application.
Note: These screenshots were captured in the Twitter app on iOS.
Step 1: Tap your profile picture in the top-left corner of the screen.
Step 2: Tap "Profile."
Step 3: Tap "Edit Profile."
Step 4: Tap your current display name to make changes.
Step 5: Tap "Save" to save your changes.


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If you read my first review for Mynt Box you know I was impressed! I loved everything about this subscription box. Well, this box came as a surprise again! I didn't know my husband had continued my subscription and it just showed up one day. This review should be for July, but this is actually my "exchange" box. I wasn't thrilled with the first box they sent me in July (the pieces were beautiful just not my style), so I contacted Mynt Box and they were great about doing an exchange.
Myntbox is a jewelry subscription box. They have several different types of boxes to choose from. There is:
Boho Chic – Bohemian style dates back years and years to a more laid back time in life. From the early 1960′s to current time you will see bohemian influence in the style and fashion of women today.
Luxe Box – Fashion can't be defined. It's the feeling you get when you put on that new pair of earrings or that new necklace. But… Luxury can be defined. It's that accessory that makes you stand out. You notice luxury from a far. If you like beautiful and luxurious jewelry then the Luxe Box is for you. Lots of rhinestones and lots of gold.
Mixe Box – The Mixe Box features a variety of jewelry to fit any girls fashion or style. We made the Mixe so that we can send you our favorite picks. Let us style you and give you the trendiest jewelry around. Get the Mixe Box to experience Mynt Box.
They also have a 2 for $20 US/$30 CAN option. You will get 2 pieces of jewelry a month and I believe shipping is included in this price.
Prices are $30 US/month, $40 CAN/month, or Try It Out for $40. Standard shipping is now $3.50 for every order, and $9.00 for Canada. In these boxes you'll receive 3 to 5 items delivered to your door step.
Once you select the box you want, you'll be asked to fill out a style profile. I decided to go with the Luxe Box.
There is no product info that comes in the box, just a little note.
Mint Green Earrings
Ok so what is up with all the mint green jewelry I keep getting in these subscription boxes. I received it in with both Mynt Boxes and my Wantable box. I mean I like the colour, but I definitely have enough. These are very pretty though.
Mint Green Y Necklace
...And to go with the earrings another mint green necklace. I like it, but don't love it.
Round Beaded Earrings
I don't like these at all. They are not my style, so I guess I'll gift them. As I'm writing this I'm wondering if I should do an all jewelry giveaway with all the pieces I've received from various subscription boxes. What do you all think? Would you want to win some of the pieces I've acquired?
Blue Heart Necklace
While I wouldn't buy this, I do think it's cute. I like the size and you could wear it everyday, but again I'm not loving it.
Overall I like this box, but I think I'm done with jewelry subscription boxes for now. I really like Mynt Box and I would recommend them, in fact I have already. They have good customer service and the have quality jewelry.
What do you think of Mynt Box? Have you subscribed?


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Sign up for free guest access to view investment idea with a 45 days delay.
New England Realty is a publicly traded limited partnership that owns apartment buildings in greater Boston. Note: In addition to the small market cap, this is very illiquid as over 40% of the stock is held by insiders (who never sell and periodically add to their holdings): The average daily volume is about 500 shares so it is really most suitable for personal accounts. It has been written up on VIC 5 times in the last decade, so for those of you interested there is plenty of background and, consequently, this analysis will be short and to the point.
Simply put, NEN trades at 50-60% of its intrinsic value, which I believe will grow nicely going forward. Furthermore, Harold Brown, the General Partner and largest owner has a long track record of value creation and shrewd capital allocation. Though Mr. Brown is 86, he is still totally absorbed in the business. Additionally, Carl Valeri, who is not an officer of NEN but is the President of Hamilton Realty, a private company which is closely affiliated, is very knowledgeable and highly motivated, owning over $4MM in stock. Valeri is in his late 40's; he should be an excellent leader of the company at some point in the future.
The Boston Apartment Market:
NEN's focus on this market is important for several reasons. First, management has scale (over 7000 apartments between NEN and Hamilton) and immense local knowledge. Second, Boston has unique characteristics: A large student population and health care/scientific community who are great tenants for the middle-income apartments that are the company's bread and butter. The area is land constrained and permitting is difficult in many of the municipalities. A Marcus & Millichap survey ranked Boston as the #3 rental market in the country keyed to strong employment growth:
Management notes that the market really started to firm in late 2010.
Here are a few different ways of looking at the underlying value of the partnership:
I: NOI in 2010 was $16.61MM. I conservatively project $17MM in 2011. At a 6% cap rate, which I also think is conservative, the enterprise value is $283MM. Total debt is $142MM. Note that almost all of this is long-term mortgage debt on the underlying properties without cross-collateralization. So the equity value is $141MM, or $107/share on a base of 1.315MM shares. In addition, however, NEN is a JV with Hamilton Company in 7 apartment complexes totaling 799 units. Over half of the value in this group is in Dexter Park, which is a 409 unit complex in Brookline. For those of you not familiar with Boston, it is in a fantastic location--very near BU and the medical corridor on Longwood Avenue. NEN (40% interest) teamed with Hamilton Company to buy Dexter Park for $129.5MM in late 2009. I think the current value is a little higher than that and that this asset should appreciate handsomely over the long term. In all, I estimate the equity value net to NEN of its unconsolidated holdings is $35MM, or $27/share. Hence, my appraisal of the overall equity value is $134/share.
Another way of looking at this is to back out the unconsolidated holdings. On that basis, NEN trades at a current cap rate of 8.6%.
II: NEN owns 2288 units outright and a proportional share totaling 358 units in the JVs. On the current enterprise value of the company, that is $88K/apartment. This is ridiculously low for a portfolio of good quality apartments in metropolitan Boston. Over the last 3 years, in fact, NEN has sold three of its less attractive holdings at prices ranging between $96K/unit and $133K/unit.
III: After backing out interest and projected capital outlays for 2011, NEN should generate about $7MM in free cash flow, or $5.32/share. This represents a 7.7% return on the current stock price forgetting about the value of the unconsolidated holdings. Backing those out as above raises the cash on cash return to 12.7%.
NEN has distributed $2.80/share for several years. I believe that this is unlikely to change going forward unless the partnership (and hence shareholders as tax treatment is passed through to them) generates a lot of taxable income, which has not been the case. Management is more interested in opportunistic real estate purchases and share buybacks than increasing the distribution for its own sake. Between late 2007 and the end of 2010, the company bought back almost 30% of its stock outstanding at an average price just under $74/share.
Risk Factors:
I think the biggest risk is spike in interest rates over the next couple of years. NEN has attractively priced, long-term mortgage debt in place today, but faces a refinancing challenge in 2-3 years. Management is acutely aware of this fact. Mark Twain once said, "History doesn't repeat itself--at best it sometimes rhymes." If rates move as they did in the 1970's, there should be an opportunity for NEN to refinance most or all of its debt coming due even if the company does not hit the absolute bottom in rates and/or has to pay a price in prepayment penalties.
I don't think there is one but hope I'm wrong.
Are you sure you want to close this position New England Realty Associates?
By closing position, I'm notifying VIC Members that at today's market price, I no longer am recommending this position.
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Portuguese Wine Regions | Part 2
Dão, Alentejo and Others
A Short lntroduction:
Portugal may be a tiny country at the far end of Europe but there is a lot to tell about it. Allow me to start with a few numbers and facts:
– Portugal's total area is 92 072 km2 .
– lt only takes about 7 hours to drive from North to South and less than 3 hours to cross from Atlantic coast to Spain!
– Portugal has 14 diverse wine regions. There's no other country in the world with a higher percentage of planted vineyards.
– We have over 250 indigenous grape varieties, with roughly 40 representing 60% of the total production.
– The production of wine with commercial purposes is known since the Roman permanence in Portugal, back to about 2 centuries BC.
– We have the oldest wine demarcated region in the world (Douro, in 1756), and two wine regions classified as World Heritage site by Unesco.
That's how amazing the wine scenery in Portugal is and, as a consequence, how difficult it is to talk about it in such a few lines. Therefore, it is not my purpose to make a comprehensive Guide to Portuguese Wines, instead I will make an approach to my favourite wine regions and hopefully this will act like a trigger for you to keep exploring the wines of Portugal!
Dão is located in the centre of Portugal, among mountains and valleys with gentle slopes and rounded hills, with a cold and rainy climate in winter and dry, hot summers – unique conditions that will provide a unique wine.
The varieties in Dão are diverse but the flagship for the whites is no doubt the Encruzado, an intriguing variety able to deliver different styles ranging from the light, fresh to the richer, barrel-fermented version. However, Dão wines are ususally a blend of traditional local varieties like Bical, Cercial, Malvasia Fina, Rabo de Ovelha and Verdelho.
ln regards to the red wines the Touriga Nacional rules but it is usually supported by Alfrocheiro, Tinta Roriz (also known as Aragonez, or, in Spain, Tempranillo), along with the traditional Jaen, Baga, Bastardo and Tinta Pinheira. The style ranges from full-bodied, fruity and complex to a light, rustic yet subtle version and that's why they are often compared to Burgundy wines.
l love the elegance and sophistication of Dão wines. They never disappointment me and Encruzado is simply my favourite white variety in the world!
Spread the Wine' selection from Dão:
Titular, Caminhos Cruzados
There is something absolutely reinvigorating in Alentejo that may be captured in the vast plains with large oak trees, the endless horizon and in its people, relaxed, authentic and proud of Alentejo. The region enjoys a warm and dry climate, with an excellent "terroir", that delivers unique wines with international recognition.
White wines from Alentejo are generally mild, slightly acid and with aromas of tropical fruits coming mainly from the Antão Vaz and Arinto varieties.
The reds are full of strong aromatic exuberance, round and smooth and they really know how to age. These characteristics are granted by the Trincadeira, Aragonez, Castelão and Alicante Bouschet varieties.
These wines are a true invitation to leisure and delight. lt's genuinely my cloud nine wine!
Tip: Do not miss the "Vinho de Talha", very typical in this region. A wine that ferments in huge clay vessels and is still produced according to Roman methods and traditions.
Spread the Wine' selection from Alentejo:
Herdade dos Outeiros Altos
Known as "The Pearl of the Atlantic", this island is also the place of the vineyards that give birth to the renowned Madeira wine. Despite its microclimates, the region has a moderately temperate clime, with oceanic characteristics. The vineyards stretch along the fertile slopes of volcanic origin and the deep valleys.
To produce the different categories of this fortified wine (ranging from dry to sweet) it is used one of the following varieties: Sercial, Verdelho, Boal and Malvasia, for the whites, and Tinta Negra, if a red.
Funny fact: The wine "Madeira" was considered, by most European courts, a very elegant wine. lt was even used to serve as a perfume on the ladies scarves.
Other Outstanding Regions:
Bairrada is a land of many and good wines, made with varieties of high quality, such as Baga, in the red wines, and Bical, in the white wines.
Tip: Taste the traditional slow cooked suckling pig together with the Baga red sparkling wine.
Colares is now being rediscovered and, fortunately, saved from abandon. Even though, the actual total production of this region is about 20 000 bts, and that's why they are so fascinating and rare. The ungrafted Ramisco vines of the Colares region are some of the oldest in Portugal. And the Malvasia white wines are really unique.
Tip: Try to grab one bottle of the old Ramisco red wines still available in the market. lt may not suit your taste but it definitely will be a challenge to your senses!
Bucelas dry white, known as the prince of Portuguese white wines, is primarily made from the crisply-flavoured Arinto variety. There are different types of Bucelas wines with a variety of characteristics from fruity zesty flavours to rich, oak-inspired tastes.
Curious fact: The Duke of Wellington was so pleased with Bucelas wines that he sent a bottle to England's King George 111. lt was a fashionable wine in London, known as the Portuguese Hock.
The nine islands of Açores are known by its outstanding volcanic landscapes, the exotic flora and quietness of life. The vineyards are surrounded by volcanic rock walls that release heat to the vines overnight and have a protection effect against bad weather. The Azorean fortified wines offer a remarkable freshness and acidity, the one from Pico lsland being the most prominent of all.
lmportant fact: The landscape of the Pico lsland Vineyard Culture is a Unesco World Heritage Site.
lf you missed "Part 1", you can find it here!


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Joseph E. Seagram & Sons, Inc. v. Hostetter
RESPONDENT: Hostetter
LOCATION: Congress
DECIDED BY: Warren Court (1965-1967)
ARGUED: Feb 23, 1966
DECIDED: Apr 19, 1966
Facts of the case
Media for Joseph E. Seagram & Sons, Inc. v. Hostetter
Audio Transcription for Oral Argument - February 23, 1966 in Joseph E. Seagram & Sons, Inc. v. Hostetter
Earl Warren:
-- et al.
Mr. Daly.
Thomas F. Daly:
Mr. Chief Justice and may it please the Court.
This is an appeal from a judgment of the New York Court of Appeals determined by a divided vote 4 to 3, judgments on the Appellate Division and of the special term holding -- upholding the constitutionality of certain provisions of Section 7 and upholding the constitutionality of the entirety of Section 9 of the Chapter 431 of the laws of New York of 1964.
My remarks here are going to be directed entirely to the question of the constitutionality of Section 9.
I'll leave the question of the constitutionality of Section 7, because of the limitations of time, to my brief.
The parties involved here, the appellants are in three categories.
The first are the most of the distillers who sell liquor throughout the United States.
They will be referred to here either as distillers, manufacturers, or the owners of the brand name.
Also, appellants here are importers of liquor from other countries who sell here.
They will be referred to either as the brand owners or as importers.
Also as appellants, are wholesalers who sell the liquor of the various whole -- importers and distillers exclusively in the State of New York.
Mr. Jack Goodman, who is associated with me in this case, will at the conclusion of my remarks have some remarks to make concerning the New York wholesalers.
Now, before I get into a discussion of Section 9 and what it entails and why we think it is unconstitutional, I would like to review briefly the alcoholic beverage control law of New York State because I think with an understanding of what has gone before, it will be more readily apparent why we believe and urge that Section 9 is unconstitutional.
New York, like most of the other states, after repeal in 1933 for the purpose of promoting temperance and at least to limit the social evils that flow from unrestricted consumption of alcohol past an Alcoholic Beverage Control Law.
That law still continues in effect with various amendments which I am going to mention.
Sometime in the late 1940s, the legislature apparently felt that the distillers and some of the wholesalers were taking advantage of the law and were giving discounts and other things that weren't helpful to restricting the evils which the legislation and the Act tried to prevent.
So, at that time, the Act was amended to provide that each distiller and each wholesaler must file each month a schedule of the prices at which they were to sell their liquor, that is, the wholesaler would have to file the price or the distiller or brand owner would have to file a schedule, they are called postings, and they were publicly displayed which would show the price that his commodity was being sold throughout the state to wholesalers and it had to be sold to every wholesaler at that price, less certain discounts which were provided for in the law.
Likewise, the wholesaler had to file each month a schedule which would show the prices at which he would sell to retailers anywhere in the state, and they had to abide by those prices.
In other words, there couldn't be competition between wholesalers, there could be competition between wholesalers but there couldn't be competition between one wholesaler and various retailers.
Wholesalers, after they had posted their prices, however, within 10 days after the original posting, if they saw that another wholesaler was selling the same brands for less, could then reduce his price to the price of the other wholesaler so there was competition as between wholesalers but no competition as between wholesalers and retailers.
Now, that law went on until the early 1950s or the late 1940s and then --
There was no control of the consumer price?
Thomas F. Daly:
Only the contractual fair trade pricing.
So --
Thomas F. Daly:
I'm going to come to that in a minute.
During all this period, they could fair trade by contractual arrangements, but that was the only control on consumer prices.
Now, in the late 40s, it was discovered that there was a price war going on that in spite of price control, the contractual price control, a price war is going on and retailers and other people were selling liquor in a way that the legislature felt again, was not carrying out the objects of temperance and controlling the evils that are thought to flow from the unrestricted sale and consumption of liquor.
So at that time, the legislature passed an Act which became law, which made price control mandatory, and they did that for the expressed purpose and I quote -- I don't quote this, I read this, as a result and for the purpose of eliminating price wars "which unduly stimulate the sale of liquor and wine, mandatory price control will be adopted."
Now, what mandatory price control was, the state said, the alcohol -- we, the distiller, the wholesaler -- the price set by the distiller for the sale and retail of the brand named product will be enforced by the State.


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Dati attuali 21.09.2020
Coronavirus dynamics chart in MS Zaandam
As of 21.09.2020, 9 cases of coronavirus have been confirmed in MS Zaandam. Another 0 cases were recorded today. During the last week the number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 in MS Zaandam increased by 0.
Dynamics of recovering from COVID-19 in MS Zaandam
There are
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people completely cured of coronavirus in MS Zaandam. Today, 21.09.2020, 0 more people were discharged from hospitals. In the conditions of coronavirus pandemic all medical services in MS Zaandam are focused on the fight against this infection, due to their work only in the last week 0 people were cured.
Deaths from coronavirus in MS Zaandam
Already 2 people died from coronavirus in MS Zaandam (data 21.09.2020). In the last day the number of the dead increased by 0. During the last week of the coronavirus pandemic COVID-19 has killed 0 people in MS Zaandam.


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Dear All
I'm emailing to ask if any archives services are working with refugee groups.
I've written a blogpost for CILIP (http://www.cilip.org.uk/blog/welcoming-refugees-uk-libraries), and am gathering together examples of work by archives, libraries & museums to add to the piece on The Network website: http://www.seapn.org.uk/post/how-can-the-cultural-sector-support-refugees.
Look forward to hearing from you,
Best wishes
John Vincent
Tel/fax: 01392 256045
"The Network - tackling social exclusion in libraries, museums, archives and galleries" - see www.seapn.org.uk.
We coordinate a number of email lists (using JISCMAIL) for people working with looked-after children; Travellers; older people; LGBTs; learning-disabled people; as well as a general Network list.
To subscribe, simply send an email to [log in to unmask], saying which list(s) you'd like to join.
To send an email to the list, send to: looked-after children: [log in to unmask]; Travellers: [log in to unmask]; older people: [log in to unmask]; LGBTs: [log in to unmask]; learning disability: [log in to unmask].
To unsubscribe from any of the lists, send an email to [log in to unmask], with nothing in the subject line, and just "UNSUBSCRIBE [+list name]" (eg UNSUBSCRIBE LAC) as the message.
Contact the list owner for assistance at [log in to unmask]
For information about joining, leaving and suspending mail (eg during a holiday) see the list website at https://www.jiscmail.ac.uk/cgi-bin/webadmin?A0=archives-nra


text:
Two girls drive off cliff in Exeter county Exeter
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Hurst, A.
Drunk driver jailed for death of woman 'lying in the road'
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BBC News Navigation
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Although her name was entered on the Roll of Honour coutny her local church, it was omitted from the tiny war memorial in Meavy. Using this website indicates that you accept these Terms. Clifv they had realised that there was nothing to be done for the schooner, the coxswain decided to head for home, watched from the cliffs by crowds of worried friends and family from the nearby cliffs.
Percy Meek overseeing basket weaving class. Yet with all these themes, ln clergy at home struggled to marry theology with the wholesale loss and destruction being wrought upon their communities.|Reverend Clarke was a Methodist minister on the Free affair site Runcorn Devon circuit. He also worked in a munitions factory producing shells for the war effort. Even within East Bolton outcall massage communities such as Methodists, approaches differed.
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Soon the tone girlw and an element of repentance crept in; Britain was being tested and faith was the obvious road to peace. Yet with all these themes, the clergy at home struggled to marry theology with the wholesale loss and destruction being wrought upon their communities. As the war drew to a close, church bells across the Oasis swingers club Keighley rang out and services of thanksgiving were held.
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particularly from Little Haldon, of great and deserved celebrity: the cliffs are of a. In Plymouth, one little girl was baptised Sylvia Mons Cambrai Williams in the parish of Charles-the-Martyr, named after two battles, as was Louisa Mons Aisne .


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