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Posts Tagged Owusu v Jackson
Bestolov v Povarenkin. On the determination of domicile (and yes, Owusu strikes again).
Posted by Geert van Calster in Conflict of Laws /Private international law on 05/02/2018
Many thanks to Andrew Savage and Nick Payne for flagging [2017] EWHC 1968 (Comm) Bestolov v Povarenkin a little while ago, and for sending me copy of the judgment at the time. Apologies for late reporting: frustratingly even at gavclaw we cannot always devote the amount of time to the blog we would wish. Dr Maganaris in the meantime also has summary here.
As readers no doubt are aware, the Brussels I Recast Regulation (Article 62) does not define 'domicile': it defers to national private international law on the issue. The Civil Jurisdiction and Judgments Order 2001 establishes that a person is domiciled in England for the purpose of the Brussels Regulation (recast) if: the person is "resident" in England; and (cumulatively) the person has a "substantial connection" to England. Bryan DJ takes us through the relevant (and often colourful) precedent and notes, importantly, at 28 that the consequence of the English rules is that the same person can be resident in two different jurisdictions at the same time. At 44, he summarises with a list of criteria, and decides on the facts of the case that Mr Povarenkin is indeed domiciled in England (the substantial connection test having been more easy to determine than that of residence).
Subsequently the High Court reviews at length whether there was a valid choice of court agreement under Article 25 of the Regulation – which at this jurisdictional stage of the proceedings Bryan DJ decides there was not (choice of law for the relevant contracts being English law, was justifiably not considered definitive in this respect), at least not clearly. Obiter, the judge reviews forum non conveniens, at lenght in fact (and in a very clear way with a keen eye on relevant precedent as well as court practice in England) however he holds both before and after the obiter that evidently given Owusu, forum non conveniens has no calling.
A well written judgment, the approach of which on domicile evidently goes beyond having relevance merely for the English courts: for under the Regulation, courts in other Member States, too, may have to consider whether parties are domiciled in an EU Member State other than their own including, for the time being, the United Kingdom.
(Handbook of) EU private international law, 2nd ed. 2016, Chapter 2, Heading 2.2.3, Heading 126.96.36.199.
Plaza v The Law Debenture Trust. The Owusu hall of mirrors is ever more reflexive.
Posted by Geert van Calster in Conflict of Laws /Private international law on 04/02/2015
Update 9 July 2020 further litigation concerning a settlement on the issues reveals that an appeal was launched against the judgment however that it is presently stayed: [2020] EWHC 1774 (Ch) The Law Debenture Trust Corporation Plc, Re.
There is an obvious downside to the European Court of Justice's judicial economy. The Court often leaves unanswered many questions asked by national courts without an answer to them being strictly necessary for the case at hand. Evidently quite a few of those resurface in later practice. Owusu is a case in point. Many postings on this blog have entertained the unanswered questions left by the ECJ's seminal rejection of Forum Non Conveniens. UK courts in particular have leapt on the opportunity to distinguish Owusu, effectively now leading to a fairly narrow context in which Owusu is applied. As recently as Jong v HSBC on which I reported last week, the High Court professed sympathy for vacating a case pending in the UK and having it joined to proceedings in Monaco, on 'case management' grounds.
In Plaza v The Law Debenture Trust [2015] EWHC 43 (Ch) Proudman J dealt with a UK fallout of longstanding litigation inter alia in Australia, following the insolvency of the Australian Bell group in the 1990s. Curacao is COMI. Secondary or ancillary proceedings were opened in Australia. A variety of litigation mostly concerning priority of claims and timely (or not) execution of securities, led among others to a 2013 Deed of Settlement between parties to the current litigation. The Law Debenture trust (LDTC) is trustee for a number of bonds issued by Bell, some of which are held by Plaza (these bonds contain a non-exclusive choice of court in favour of England). Others are held inter alia by the Insurance Commission of Western Australia (ICWA).
The 2013 Deed contains an exclusive choice of court clause in favour of Western Australia. Plaza, incorporated in Curacao, sues LDTC, domiciled in the UK, in England, basically questioning its suitability as a trustee for the bonds, citing alleged conflicts of interest (LDTC may or may not be acting under instruction of ICWA).
Proudman J essentially had to decide whether Article 23 (now Article 25) of the Jurisdiction Regulation in its original version (the recast does not apply) ought to be applied reflexively (protecting choice of court in favour of non-EU courts); alternatively, whether Article 28 of the same Regulation (the lis alibi pendens rule) may be so applied; and what the impact of the ECJ's rejection of forum non conveniens is on this all.
Ferrexpo in particular assisted her in holding that reflexive application of Article 23 (now 25) of the Brussels I Regulation is not barred by Owusu. The main argument for this approach lies in the judicial economy which I cite above: the ECJ was asked but did not entertain the question. Moreover Article 23 is a more dominant rule in the Regulation than Article 2 (now 4)'s rule referring to domicile of the defendant: a mandatory exception to the rule of Article 2 rather than, in the words of Proudman J, a discretionary exception such as forum non conveniens.
Subsidiarily, the High Court also suggests Article 28's lis alibi pendens rule ought to apply reflexively, although it expressly suggests more discussion of that point is needed and the Article need not be laboured in the case at issue, given its finding on Article 23.
To heap further pressure on the Owusu pile, a further potential for undermining finding in Owusu is suggested in the shape of 'case management powers', also suggested in Jong and hinted at as potentially introducing forum non conveniens through the back door.
With Plaza v Debenture, application of Owusu by the English courts now is so distinguished, arguably little is left of the ECJ's original intentions. One assumes: for as I noted above, judicial economy allowed national courts to be creative in their application of the rule. The issue is bound to end up again at the ECJ at some point.
Jong v HSBC. Unilateral jurisdiction clauses, anchor defendants viz parties ex-EU and evading Owusu.
Posted by Geert van Calster in Conflict of Laws /Private international law on 28/01/2015
Postscript 30 October 2015: the Court of Appeal confirmed (rejecting appeal) on 22 October 2015.
Often, progress is assisted by assimilation hence I shall not repeat the excellent review of [2014] EWHC 4165 (Ch) Jong v HSBC by Andy McGregor and Daniel Hemming. (It will be posted here soon, I imagine). Nor indeed will I simply regurgitate how Purle J eloquently dealt with the various jurisdictional issues in the case. Let me instead highlight the main issues:
Plaintiff, Ms Jong, has a contractual dispute with HSBC Monaco SA concerning the proper execution of foreign exchange orders. That the law of Monaco applies does not seem under dispute. HSBC Monaco's standard terms and conditions, which may or may not apply, contain inter alia a classic unilateral jurisdiction clause: "Any litigation between the client and the bank shall be submitted to the exclusive jurisdiction of the competent Monaco courts at the offices of the bank location where the account is open. Nevertheless the bank reserves the right to take action at the place of the client's residence or in any other court which would have been competent in the absence of the preceding election of jurisdiction".
The bank so far has not exercised the clause. (No proceedings are as yet pending in Monaco). Monaco evidently is not covered by the Brussels I Regulation (nor indeed by the Lugano Convention).
Co-defendants are the HSBC Holding and HSBC Private Bank. Ms Jong did have contact with these over the alleged level of service. Perhaps unusually, Ms Jong (or rather, her lawyers) decided to issue proceedings against HSBC Monaco first. The English co-defendants were only added later, quite clearly in an effort to support the exercise of jurisdiction over HSBC Monaco.
The Brussels I-Regulation's rules on anchor defendants (Article 6; now Article 8 in the recast. Note that the recast does not apply to the case at issue) do not apply to non-EU defendants: whether or not these can be drawn into the procedural bath with the EU defendants, depends therefore on residual national conflicts law. Purle J takes parties and readers through the relevant case-law and holds that while there may be objections to Monaco as a jurisdiction, none of them carries enough weight to override the exclusive choice of court clause.
Of particular note is that Purle J considers (at 26), again with reference to precedent, whether the case against the English defendants may potentially be stayed in favour of having them joined to proceedings in Monaco. (In that precedent, it was suggested that the clear rejection of forum non conveniens in Owusu, may not stand in the way of a stay on 'sensible case management' grounds, rather than forum non conveniens grounds). Purle J justifiably hesitates ('the court must be careful not to evade the impact of Owusu v Jackson through the back door'), before dismissing the suggestion given that no case is as yet pending in Monaco. It is noteworthy that the latter would, incidentally, be a condition for the (strictly choreographed) lis alibi pendens rule of the Brussels I recast to apply (Article 33). I would certainly argue that Owusu and the ECJ's reasoning behind it, would exclude such recourse to a de facto forum non conveniens rule.


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subset: commoncrawl


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Squat Lobster - Mel Broadhurst
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Status: Widespread throughout UK and Channel Islands.


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The Secret's Out. Chocolate Winner Announced.
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The people of South Korea are carefully nurturing the idea of reunification with the North. Reunification is a common theme among the exhibits at The War Memorial of Korea. It is also a recurring topic in coffee shop discussions among Korean students. Reunification is in the air and history shows that in countries once divided by international wars, reunification prevails.
Try counting how often reunification is mentioned at The War Memorial, and you'll lose track quickly. The Statue of Two Brothers depicts North and South Korean soldiers hugging in agony. The brothers experience forgiveness and reconciliation, key ingredients of reunification. The Clock Tower of Peace counts the minutes since the Korean War began. And the plaque under the Monument for Remembrance of the Korean War longs for reunification by leaving Korea's sons and daughters "the hope and promise
of the unification of the nation." Reunification has been on the minds of Koreans even before the War Memorial was built in 1994.
The desire for reunification has not diminished with time. Koreans I have spoken with are cautiously optimistic about the idea of reconciliation with the North. Some feel that the more time goes by, the harder it is reconcile. But they seem anxious to share the economic success of the South with their Northern brothers and sisters. Reunification is definitely on the minds of people today. The topic came up more than once in my few days here in Seoul.
One student I spoke with wondered how Germany handled the economic disparity of reunification. I answered that it was a huge success, and Germany is now an economic cornerstone of Europe. A bit of research shows that I may have over simplified things a bit, but 20 years later most agree that German reunification was a success.
Reunification is a matter of national pride in Vietnam. You can sense that pride with a visit to the Reunification Palace in Saigon.
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Whether you're hitching a ride on the 12-step wagon or simply uninterested in the Castro bar scene (and really, how can you not be?), exercise your mind while having mischievous fun by using the Midnight Sun's marquee for a rousing game of anagrams. It's simple: Take a seat across the street from the video bar, pencil and paper in hand, and write down and rearrange the letters on the sign. For example, "The Simpsons" becomes "Shits on meps"; "Comedy Festival" turns into "Do my vital feces." Finally, dash across the street to physically rearrange the letters to match your rewording, then stand back and watch the reactions of passers-by. Time is of the essence, however, because if the fuming bartender catches you, you will receive quite the scolding. If done successfully and swiftly, the game is better than a beer bust and more cost-effective, too.
Tags: People & Places, Midnight Sun


text: There was once a bullfrog who was the biggest bullfrog in the pond. A small tadpole was jealous of that frog because he didn't need to listen to anyone. He was big and bossy and no one could mess with him because of his size. Rumor had it that he had even eaten smaller frogs before. The tadpole swore that id he was ever lucky enough to grow that large he would be a kind and peaceful leader, instead of intimidating his fellow pond inhabitants with violence. When he grew up he did, and all the tadpoles, polywogs, and full grown frogs lived in peace.


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As seen in...
Check out the below video about why photography is my
heart and soul...
The heart
Behind The Art
Scroll Down
Bethany P Photography is proud to be the official photographer for the non-profit organization, After the Races.
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Click through to see the work with AFTER THE RACES:


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Phone: 252-244-3215
Degrees and Certifications:
BS, MAEd, NBCT
Mrs. Grey Tipton
My name is Grey Tipton and I am a graduate of East Carolina University with a Bachelor of Science Degree in Child Devlopment and a Masters of Education. I obtained my National Board Teaching Certification in 2007. I have had the pleasure of working together with students and families at Vanceboro Farm Life Elementary for the past 17 years. I am very excited about serving as the Title I teacher this year! As the intervention teacher, I have the pleasure to work with Kindergarten through 5th grade in a small group setting to better meet their needs in reading. When I am not working, I enjoy spending time with my husband and two boys.


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I graduated from Eindhoven University of Technology (the Netherlands) with a degree in Chemistry & Chemical Engineering. For my PhD, I moved to research institute IMO/IMOMEC in Belgium where I was part of the BIOSensors group of Prof Wagner. There, together with Maastricht University, I developed polymer-based sensing platforms that were used for the electrochemical and thermal detection of neurotransmitters. After finishing my PhD, I continued as a postdoctoral researcher within the same group to focus on aptamers as recognition elements. In 2014, I started working in the organic chemistry group of Prof Kilburn at Queen Mary University of London. Instead of biomimetic receptors, I focused on enzymes ("natural" receptors) and studying enzyme catalysis with electrochemical methods. My independent research started at Manchester Metropolitan University in 2015 where I was promoted to senior lecturer in Chemical Biology in 2018. Since March 2019, my group has moved to Newcastle University where I am a senior lecturer in the school of Engineering (Advanced Materials group). My research group focuses on developing novel (portable) sensing platforms that can be used in sustainable healthcare.
Contact details:
email@example.com / Phone office: +44 (0)191 208 8281
Newcastle University, Merz Court, NE1 7RU, Newcastle Upon Tyne
Room Number: C530 (Merz Court), lab Bedson 1.69
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Development of a polymer-based sensing platform for the detection of antimicrobial resistance. Funded 2 year PDRA (Dr Hudson) and PhD student Mr Oliver Jamieson.
Impact Accelerator Account – Ideas 2 Innovation (£25,500 in total)
Cardiac biomarker sensing (with Dr Novakovic as co-I) and SARS-COV-2 immunity sensor (with Dr Payne as co-I)
EPSRC CDT funded studentship – PhD student Mr Jack Reeder (co-I Dr Elizabeth Heidrich & Dr Matthew Unthank from Northumbria University)
Cambridge Medical Technologies:
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contribution towards ReNU CDT funded studentship
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Named inventor on the following patents:
UK Patent Application No. 1906710.7 (sole inventor)
EP2772753A1 – Heat transfer based analysis of bioparticles
EP3035055B1 – Aptamer-based biosensing
US 20140242605 A1 – Heat-transfer based analysis of particles
Professional Activities
Member of the Royal Society of Chemistry, former secretary (2017-2019) of the Manchester and District Local Section
Associate Member of IChemE
Member of IUPAC, associate member of the Polymer Division and member of the SPT committee of the Polymer Division
Member of the Society of Molecular Imprinting


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GMINES Version 1.0
(C) 1992 Bernd Setzepfandt
GMINES is a port of the game XMINES, which is well known
under X-Window Systems, for Atari ST(E) Computers. The goal
of the game is to open all fields not covering a mine.
If a field is opened, which hides a mine, the whole board
explodes and the game is lost. If there is no mine under
the opened field, then it is shown how many mines are
hidden under the eight neighbouring fields. No number means
that there is no mine in the neighbourhood.
With this information you have to find out the positions of
the mines. It is not impossible that you get into a
situation, where you only can guess which field could be
opened next.
If you are shure, that a Field covers a mine, this Field
can be marked with a flag. Such a field can not be opened
until the mark is removed.
If, after opening a field, the displayed number is equal to
the number of marked fields in the neighbourhood, all
unmarked fields in the neighbourhood will be opened.
On the left at the top of the GMINES window it is shown how
many mines are not marked yet. Of course this number is
only right, if all marks yet set are correct. On the right
hand side the current playing time is displayed.
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the number of marked neighbours, the neighbourhood of the
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which closed, unmarked fields belong to the neighbourhood.
A closed field is marked by right-clicking it. An
additional right click unmarks the field again.
At the begining, the program askes for the player's name.
If you press 'p' , you are able to change this name at a
later time.
If all fields are opened, or if the board is exploded, the
highscore-list is displayed. You can also display it, by
pressing 'h'. To continue the game, you have to close the
highscore-list window.
The highscorelist is generated, if the game is won for the
first time.
The program GMINES is public domain. You don't have to pay
any charge and no support is guaranted. However, it would
be nice if that one who liked the game, would send me a
letter, a picture-postcard, a photo of a typical GMINES
player or some other souvenier. I just like to see if the
game is accepted or not. Of course some constructive critic
and bug reports are welcome.
Bernd Setzepfandt
Schulte Herrmannstraže 1
DW-4400 Mnster


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Over the past few days, as part of eye camp organization and conduct, we visited a village near our college campus and it turned out to be an eye opener of sorts. People sleeping on the streets, old men simply staring into oblivion, old women who listen to us simply because of the fact that some one actually talks to them, kids sharing their meal with hens, youth roaming aimlessly and in some cases passing lewd remarks...it paints a picture that does not augur well...
Major sections of the youth fraternity choose to look the other side when they come face to face with these men and women; Ignorance to them is really bliss. The great Indian success story, as we fathom it to be, has not touched these villagers at all. It has by passed them completely and with every passing day, is indeed widening the divide. As an example, I was talking to a 7th std Government school boy and he asked me, what Bangalore is famous for. He couldn't understand when I said "malls", as he interpreted it to be some vegetable. On the other hand, we have the children of the rich growing up solely on what is increasingly termed as "mall culture", a culture that encourages vulgar and obscene spending and justifies it in the name of "I earn, it is my money, I spend". What this kind of justification fails to account for is the fact that, obscene spending has its own cyclic effects and affects the ambitions of the communities of "aspirers" and "thrivers" (in marketing jargon) negatively.
We pass out of elite institutions with fancy degrees, go into big corporate houses, make money and forget about these people. The true test of a leader comes when he is able to make changes at the grass roots - touch the lives of people who need change the most and help them fashion it themselves. These villagers are a resigned lot; sometimes, trundling along in life with little hope in anything. It is our duty to inculcate in them, hope for the future.
As youngsters who have been privileged to be born into families that could afford to educate us, it is time, we, as educated citizens and as potential change agents, get in touch with a reality that is harsh and far removed from the glitzy mall culture.We can of course choose to look the other way too, but then, we will put our future generations in the grave threat of confronting an angry rebellion and would be letting go of an opportunity, where we could demonstrate our gratitude to the society. Every little drop counts and the first steps are always the hardest ones!
Thank you Karma Yoga!


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Barcelona manager Ernesto Valverde has revealed that he was delighted with Arthur's performance in the 4-2 victory over Tottenhamin the UEFA Champions League.
Lionel Messi stole the show at Wembley Stadium with the Argentine soring twice as the Catalan giants held off a fightback from the Premier League side.
However, Valverde praised Arthur after the game with the summer arrival having impressed in the centre of the park.
Valvarde told beIN SPORTS: "Man, that's what it's about. Looking for a gap, he has some qualities that come in handy. He completes many passes, it's hard to take the ball off him. He has been a starter in an important game.
"We played a good game and we had opportunities to extend the lead before and not have to suffer so much, but this is the Champions League."
Although Arthur impressed his coach, the former Gremio midfielder highlighted Messi's impact and echoed Philippe Coutinho's assessment that the Argentina attacker is the greatest player ever.
"It's amazing what he does, he makes extraordinary things routine," Arthur said to beIN SPORTS.
"He's the best player in history, I'm very happy to play alongside him and learn.
"It was a difficult match, it's not easy to play against Tottenham."


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The Digital Growth Agency
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How We Help Businesses Grow
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We delivered a bespoke web-based ordering system that is both superfast and simple to use.
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Our team delivered a stunningly designed, content-led website to showcase the credentials of the business and grow international sales.
Moran's Retail approached Grofuse to promote the retail firm's £2.4 million expansion through PR and digital marketing/social media campaigns.
HR Team approached Grofuse to manage all of its online and offline marketing, public relations, website development and to digitise the firm's client management system with software innovation.
The experience and expertise of Grofuse have been invaluable to HR Team's growth in recent years. They provide the whole package – from our website, digital marketing and PR to increase brand awareness and drive sales, to building a bespoke software solution which has really streamlined how our team works and collaborates in-house. The guys are always available when we need them, they answer our questions when we ask them, and most importantly they really understand both our goals and our clients' needs. Grofuse has played an integral role in our development.
Excellent service, very helpful and great to work with. Grofuse built our website which was of the highest quality and we would recommend to any business looking for a professional website.


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Search Directory: Brussels, Belgium, Europe, Publications
- European Commission
We are consulting the public on a future integrated and holistic ocean policy for Europe. Contact Details Street Address: 99, Rue Joseph II ...
Ocean Directory Listing - admin - 02/04/2009 - 22:11 - 0 comments
To support all educators and parents teaching from home in the weeks ahead, the World Ocean Observatory is pulling together a compendium of home-study tools and resources for teaching and learning about the ocean. These resources can be used by parents, schools, educators and others to address the educational gaps being created by local and national 'shelter in place' initiatives to help flatten the curve on the Covid-19 outbreak. This list of resources is a work in progress: please reach out if you have other key elements that we should be sharing with our global community.
With a game capable of reaching a global audience, WORLD OCEAN EXPLORER can expand interest in ocean issues and habitats, and excite students about the infinite possibilities associated with ocean exploration. LEARN MORE.


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Busy Bees Day Nursery
We offer '30 hours childcare for working parents'.
We are a day nursery, out of school club and holiday scheme in Framwellgate Moor, Durham.
To find out more about help with childcare costs please visit www.durham.gov.uk/childcarecosts
When is it on?
- Session information
Monday to Friday 7.30am - 6.00pm
Who to contact
- Contact name
- Carey-Anne Bonser
- Contact position
- Nursery Manager
- Telephone
0191 375 0244
- firstname.lastname@example.com
- Website
- www.busybeesdurham.co.uk
Where to go
- Address
Priory Road
Framwellgate Moor
County Durham
- Postcode
Other details
- Cost description
- Please contact us for up-to-date fee structures.
- Age range
From 0 years 0 months to 8 years 11 months
- Childcare availability
Closed bank holidays
Before school
Term time
School holidays
After school
- Free 3/4 yr places
- Yes
- Free 2 yr places
- Yes
- Will be providing 30 hours
- Yes
Other details
- School drop off/collection
Framwellgate Moor Primary School
St Godric's Roman Catholic Voluntary Aided Primary School Durham
Durham Blue Coat Church of England (Aided) Junior School
Durham Newton Hall Infants' School
- Last Ofsted inspection grade
- Outstanding
- Ofsted report
- Click here to view the latest Ofsted inspection report
Local Offer
- Contact name
- Carey-Anne Bonser
- Contact telephone
- 0191 375 0244
- Contact email
- firstname.lastname@example.com
How does the early year's provision identify and assess children with special educational needs and disabilities?
- How does the early year's provision identify and assess children with special educational needs and disabilities?
All children's learning and development are monitored and assessed to review their progress. We use the early years outcomes as an aid to help them understand the outcomes children should be working towards. We assess the extent to which a child is developing at expected levels for their age. Where a child appears to be behind expected level's or where a child's progress gives cause for concern, we consider all the information about the child's learning and development from within and beyond the setting, including formal assessments and practitioner observations.
Parents/carers will be consulted at the first opportunity in a sensitive manner. We will ask parents/ carers to contribute to observations and discuss any concerns they may have about their child's needs and the provisions being made available to them. We will plan together the most effective actions appropriate to the support the child and family. We will work in partnership with the Education Development Service and seek advice and support, including DCATCH funding.
How will the curriculum be matched to meet children's developmental needs?
- How will the curriculum be matched to meet children's developmental needs?
We endeavour to provide an inclusive environment by:
- Long, medium and short term planning for all children contains approaches ensuring differentiation to support the inclusion and progress of all children
- Differentiation is embedded into planning to ensure inclusion for all children and that all children experience success and gain confidence
- Adapting materials and teaching styles to deliver our learning activities to children's individual needs
- Monitoring how each child with SEN learns, using a special carer system (key person)
What specialist services and expertise are available at or accessed by the early years setting?
- What specialist services and expertise are available at or accessed by the early years setting?
Where a child continues to make less than expected progress, despite support and interventions that are matched to the child's area of need, practitioners will with the consent of parents/carers involve appropriate specialists'. These may include Area SENCO teams, health visitors, Educational Psychology, Speech and Language Therapy Service, medical services etc. With these outside agencies, the SENCO, parents/carers will devise and implement a support plan.
What training have the staff supporting children with SEND had, or are having?
- What training have the staff supporting children with SEND had, or are having?
Team members are highly trained in supporting children with SEND.
Training to date has included:
- Autism Tier 1, 2, 3
- SEND Code of Practice
- I CAN talk
- Early identification
- Speech and language development
- Makaton
- Communication development
- Early movement
- Dyspraxia
Our team receive regular in house and bespoke training. Special carers attend additional courses to ensure they are fully equipped to support children effectively.
How accessible is the early years setting environment? (indoors/outdoors)
- How accessible is the early years setting environment? (indoors/outdoors)
0-3 year old provision is accessible via wheelchair, however 3-4 year old provision is upstairs.
Durham County Council's Families Information Service does not promote nor endorse the services advertised on this website. Anyone seeking to use/access such services does so at their own risk and may make all appropriate enquiries about fitness for purpose and suitability to meet their needs.
Journey planner
Address: Priory Road Framwellgate Moor Durham County Durham


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Penn State Hockey: Chase Berger Signs AHL Contract With Wilkes-Barre/Scranton Penguins
Penn State men's hockey captain Chase Berger will get his professional career started with the Pittsburgh Penguins' AHL affiliate.
Berger signed an amateur tryout agreement for the remainder of this year and also signed a full AHL contract for the 2019-20 season.
The senior center capped off his consistent four years in Hockey Valley by never missing a game for the Nittany Lions. Berger played in 154 games for Penn State — he scored 51 goals and 67 assists (118 points) and wore a letter as one of the team's captains as a junior and season.
Berger's teammates named him alternate captain alongside James Robinson and Erik Autio in his junior year before he assumed the "C" to become the sixth team captain in Penn State hockey history. He's also the only Penn Stater to never miss a game and ranks second in program history behind David Goodwin with his total of 118 points.
In addition to the captain, graduate transfer Ludvig Larsson signed an amateur tryout deal with the Binghamton Devils earlier this week. Berger and the Penguins are slated to play against Larsson's Devils twice before the end of the regular season — once on April 5 and again on April 14 at the Mohegan Sun Arena at Casey Plaza in Wilkes-Barre, PA.
Nittany Lion defenseman Derian Hamilton also signed an amateur tryout with the East Coast Hockey League's Norfolk Admirals on Wednesday.
Mikey Mandarino is a staff writer for Onward State.
More articles by Mikey Mandarino →


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'Hannibal' was a good racer and is a excellent breeder. On the racing loft he achieved the following results:
9th NPO Péronne 6,668 p.
7th NPO Châteauroux 2,335 p.
2nd Vervins 300 p.
23rd St. Quentin 3,255 p.
3rd Meer 170 p.
12th Duffel 576 p.
5th Nanteuil 139 p.
On the breeding loft 'Hannibal' became father to:
NL16-1311042 'Linus 042':
1st Quievrain 3,102 p.
1st Gien 141 p. (74th NPO vs 4,697 p)
22nd Epernay 4,695 p.
61st Asse Zellik 2,480 p.
11th Quievrain 366 p.
NL16-1310997 'Lady Guusje':
33rd National ace pigeon youngbirds 'Fondspiegel' 2016
16th chimay 5,394 p.
55th NPO Laon 3,798 p.
50th Quierain 3,102 p.
21st Melun 1,033 p.
7th Adce pigeon overall IAPC 2017
3rd Ace pigeon short distance IAPC 2017
NL17-1055948 'Maike':
12th Ace pigeon youngbirds Federation (163 fanciers) 2017
Won 9 prizes out of 12 races as a youngbird, 7 x 1:10
4th Creil 549 p.
38th Vervins 3,194 p.
61st Isnes 3,727 p.
10th Azaruja (Algarve Great Derby 1,530 p.
'Hannibal' became grandfather to numorous excellent pigeons. These won among others:
1st Zutphen 1,299 p.
2nd NPO Laon 5,836 p.
2nd Laon 2,398 p.
3rd Moeskroen 1,743 p.
4th Tienen 1,337 p.
6th NPO Quievrain 7,760 p.
15th Laon 2,640 p.
16th Chimay 5,394 p.
19th NPO Nanteuil le Haudouin 2,918 p.
'Hannibal' is a son to NL09-1969750 'Elwin' which is a son to two NPO winners NL07-1513702 'Conan' x NL08-1202790 'Danara'. His mother comes from Ad Schaerlaeckens and is a daughter NL03-1234922 'Super 22' (grandson NL95-2067230 and NL93-1059875 'Wounded Knee') x NL05-1490894 'David's Pick' which is a daughter to famous NL98-5812191 'Invincible'.


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Rangers are preparing a second bid of £300,000 for Hearts striker Kyle Lafferty.
Craig Levein benched the Northern Irishman for the Tynecastle side's 5-0 victory over Inverness and later conceded his head had probably been turned by the Light Blues' interest.
The Jam Tarts boss had scoffed at the Ibrox club's last bid of £200,000, describing it as "disappointing".
But Record Sport understands a second offer of £300,000 is imminent for Lafferty, who came off the bench after 66 minutes on Sunday.
Meanwhile, Levein fears Lafferty's situation could become a saga, similar to when Hearts refused to sell former Jambos midfielder Jamie Walker to the Light Blues.
He said: "We had an offer from Rangers, which is not what we are looking for and we just get on with things.
"Nothing has changed. Rangers made an offer, we said, 'No, thank you'.
"That's it. I'm not going to use any adjectives to describe the offer apart from 'disappointing'.
"As much as Kyle says it's not having an effect, I think it probably has.
"Players are always for sale but certainly not at that price.
"I'm not even going to talk about it (the first Rangers offer). That's how much I think about it.
"We've spoken to Kyle and his head has been turned a little bit but, to his credit, he has been very professional and I was pleased with his performance when he went on.
"I had a long chat with Kyle on Saturday and Sunday about his responsibilities as a professional.
"I didn't actually ask him if he wanted to stay or go.
"He is one of the best players in our team and I want him round about it. I want to use him and play him when I want to.
"As far as I'm concerned, him and I are fine and I don't have any issues at all.
"He tried like a bear when he came on and he was focused.
"My focus was on the team and trying to make sure that, if he was on the bench, he could assist us when he came on.
"The good thing is we only have another month of this nonsense. I've no idea if there will be another offer. We had the same dealings with Rangers over Jamie Walker and it was a bit 'meh'.
"I kind of expect the same thing again. It will only last until the end of August."
Gerrard remained coy when asked about Lafferty.
He said: "Have we made a bid for Lafferty? I have nothing to say about it, he is a Hearts player. In terms of numbers of bids, I am not aware."


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On November 15 and 16, a group of 40 Chelsea Retirement Community (CRC) residents got to experience what it's like to have their own pottery on display! These exhibits, held at the CRC campus, were the culmination of eight weeks of instruction with artist Sandra Drabant of Ann Arbor. Residents learned the intricacies of working with clay in pottery classes made possible by a grant from the Aroha Philanthropies. UMRC Foundation was one of just fifteen nonprofit organizations nationwide to receive a Seeding Artful Aging grant to highlight the importance of the arts in healthy aging.
For many of the class participants, it was their first time working with clay; for others it was an opportunity to rekindle their creativity. "I haven't done pottery since 10th grade," says Independent Living resident, Margaret Rink. "This has been such fun."
Click here to read the full blog post.


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This article was first published in Issue 118, and Tom has been nominated for Best Author for the Singletrack Reader Awards 2018.
Tom Johnstone rides across Iceland's interior and learns that making your dreams come true isn't always easy.
Words & Photography Tom Johnstone
This was an adventure I'd dreamed about for years – 15 to be exact. Every winter since I was 18 I've said 'next summer I'm going to ride my bike across Iceland'. Every year there was a reason why 'this summer' couldn't be the one. This year there was no reason not to go, so the flights were booked, sponsorship deals secured, and a rough plan hatched. I knew this trip would be tough, but it wasn't the long days in, or worse, out of the saddle, the washboard gravel, or the potential for bad weather that worried me. This time I knew I would either be my own worst enemy or my own saviour when things got tough.
Winds of change.
The last few years have put many difficulties in my path. While I've been growing my mountain bike guiding business and freelancing, life has been throwing curve balls of monstrous proportions at me. In 2010 I met my wife to be, in 2012 we were married, in 2013 she was diagnosed with cancer, and in 2014 we were told it was terminal. September 2016 saw Catherine's prognosis come true and she died with her mum and me holding her hands. She was 40.
I went from running a business so I could help keep a roof over our heads to having no one to fend for but myself and, suddenly, the 'freedom' to do what I wanted. Life seemed fragile, too short and far too unknown. I decided that 15 years of saying 'next year' needed to end, and so I found myself alone in my tent on the south coast of Iceland, listening to a howling wind.
Seeds of doubt.
I loaded up and with a glance over my shoulder at the south coast of Iceland and the barren sea beyond I headed north, my general direction for the following week. The ride to the road was brutal, the ride along the road to the waterfall at Skogar was terrifying as side gusts blew me clean across the road into oncoming trucks and bewildered tourists in campervans. I made it unscathed to the turnoff, glad I wouldn't have to deal with traffic-riddled tarmac again until rejoining Route 1 at the top of the island.
The first climb is roughly equal to riding up Snowdon, a ride I guide ten or more times a year, so even given the extra weight of a week's worth of food and equipment I was confident in my baseline fitness. This confidence evaporated rapidly over the first hour; two hours in I was lying in the middle of the track cursing my lack of fitness. After a few hours I met four Canadian riders heading down the trail in the opposite direction who stopped for a chat, mostly from curiosity. They offered me a ride around from Skogar into the next valley so I could skip this first day; the one they said is definitely unrideable on a fully laden bikepacking rig. I was torn – there was no way I wanted to give up already, but these guys really did seem to know what they were talking about; they were real bikers who'd just done my ride the opposite way around.
Part of me wanted that sanctuary, that guarantee that I could make it to the first campsite. The other part of me knew that if I turned around then, I'd head home, give up at the first hurdle, and probably spend the rest of the month hiding beneath my duvet, unable to face the world of 'real' mountain bikers.
I pushed on, crossing snowfields, lava flows and barren dusty stretches of trail with indistinct paths, just the occasional marker post in the distance to lead me on. The whole day was excruciating. I found myself haunted by a doubting voice, one that repeatedly told me for hours on end 'you've bitten off more than you can chew here', 'you're not fit enough', and 'you're not a real bikepacking adventurer, you should've stayed at home'. Somehow my legs disconnected from this voice and kept pushing me skyward.
As I pushed along the crux move, a ridgeline with a 400ft drop off each side that even hikers were looking rattled by, I knew that I was now committed. Unable to retreat, some of those nagging voices quietened – even if I wanted to give up I couldn't, there was no going back to the start. That first night's campsite was a joyous achievement. After 13 hours of riding and pushing and self-doubting, I had succeeded and completed day one as planned. I don't remember my legs or lungs aching, but they must have done. What I do remember is the immense mental respite I got that evening as self-doubt quietened in the face of success, but the next morning gave it a new dawn upon which to cast uncertainties.
The next two days to Landmanalugar saw me pass through some of the most unique and incredible scenery on earth, while inside I was gripped by an emotional roller coaster of epic proportions. I bounced from being overjoyed by the awesome landscape to being plagued by doubt. Creepingly slow progress made me question the wisdom of my itinerary (despite knowing very well that this entire trip was achievable in the time frame I'd set myself). I stopped often to talk to hikers heading the other way to distract myself from the little black dog of anxiety who'd invited himself along on my trip. Those I spoke to marvelled at my ability, my strength and tenacity for taking on a solo trip like this, on a route they were finding tough going on foot. I basked in this while it lasted and felt my spirits lift, but as soon as they turned and continued their journey south, my little black dog came straight back out, snapping at my heels. While crossing fields of obsidian, I spent the whole time flitting fearfully between envisaging the damage it could do to my tyres, then to the damage it could do to my knees. But when I finally started to descend toward Landmannalaugar, the scenery got the better of my self-doubt and I was, once more, utterly captivated by the sights spreading out before me.
Landmannalaugar is indescribable and the happiness it brought me to arrive here, on schedule, having suffered no real setbacks or delays, was immense. As I soaked in the hot pools, I felt my anxiety relaxing and for the first time thought 'I might actually do this'. I stood to change clothes by my bike on the boardwalk, careful to not overspill onto the fragile grasses and flowers bordering either side, but a member of staff concentrated scornful glares in my direction and spoiled the moment. Unable to grasp what I'd done, because I was keeping myself out of other people's way, staying off the grass, and being significantly better behaved than many of my fellow bathers, I continued to change and tried to shake off the dark cloud she was casting in my direction. As I left she confronted me with a tirade of scornful remarks about how disrespectful I was having a bike here, that I clearly didn't love nature and how I wasn't welcome. I was told to go home and find nature to enjoy somewhere else. Dumbfounded, I couldn't comprehend what I'd done. I was the only cyclist in the area, but I'd been careful not to damage the fragile ecosystem, stayed out of the way of other visitors and was polite toward the staff I'd encountered – clearly this was not enough. Knowing I was unwelcome, I got back on my bike and rode away, giving up the relaxed and sociable night in the campsite I'd been looking forward to before heading into the empty heart of the island.
Coming undone.
On leaving Landmannalaugar I thought I was experiencing the fabled washboard gravel roads – little did I know I was on the infant school version and in the days to come I'd take on the university level washboard of the interior. A few kilometres down the road one of my fork cages came loose. It was a simple fix and I was soon riding again. A few kilometres later and my front wheel lost tension, the rim swaying terrifyingly from side to side on spokes that held no tension. Again the fix didn't take long, but these mechanicals on top of the situation at the hot pools meant my doubting mind returned. I struggled to find a suitable spot to camp in that night and ended up on a patch of gravel just off the shoulder of the F26.
The following days I journeyed through a landscape so sparse and wide open that I could ride for an hour and barely notice any change. This started to take its toll on my senses and my body; my mind started its own monologue that flitted between cathartic and debilitating.
Unhappy anniversary.
This was the only window in my summer that allowed for the trip, so I was cycling through the interior one year after Catherine's last month with us. Halfway across Iceland was the anniversary of the day I'd realised I could no longer care for her properly at home. I was so against her going into the hospice; I'd wrongly built up an image in my mind that the hospice was where old people went to die and, while deep down I knew Catherine had only weeks to live, she wasn't old and I felt my duty was to care for her at home. Of course I was wrong and the hospice was the best place for her to be during her last weeks. The staff at St David's Hospice proved to be professional, compassionate and caring in a way I never realised was possible and they looked after her and me so wonderfully I'll forever be indebted to them. They made her final days comfortable and free from pain. They allowed her to die with her mum and me holding her hands.
Having all these memories and emotions to contend with drove me on. I craved human interaction and distraction and I just couldn't face being alone in the brutal interior any longer. The lack of stimulation and the unceasing battering from the inhospitable gravel road beneath me really took its toll.
Sitting here now I struggle to separate out the three days I spent alone in there. I remember meeting two cyclists; one who just rode straight past me like I didn't exist, crushing my hopes of sharing a few words with another human that morning. Another who was as eager as me for some human contact and who is still in touch now we've both finished our trips and moved on to adventures new. There was the hut warden who fed me hot chocolate and allowed me to sit by the fire to warm myself after a 120km day. I arrived at her door barely able to string a sentence together, having utterly depleted myself in the final hours of the day getting to the hut in the hope of shelter from the wind overnight. Toward the end of the crossing I found a bicycle tyre with a split in it, discarded by the side of the road. Incredulous that someone would carry a spare all the way out here and then see fit to dump their knackered one in this wilderness, I strapped it to the front of my bike and hauled it out for them. That tyre is now a belt I wear with pride and that cyclist is a dick who owes me a pizza (I spent a full 36 hours dreaming about pizza while staring at that tyre on my bars).
Eternally grapeful.
Summiting the final rise, I looked down toward the coast and the start of my glorious descent, only to face a headwind so strong it stopped me dead in my tracks mid-descent. Utterly broken I lay down behind the only shelter I could find from the wind, a small boulder only big enough to shelter my head and shoulders, and did all I could to ignore the sand and dust whipping around me and stinging my tender calves. Eventually I accepted my fate and got back on my bike to pedal down every inch of that descent, fighting the headwind the whole way. Clearing the final crest and realising that no matter what the weather did now I would make it to the north coast and complete my trip, I found my eyes overflowing and tears streaming down my face. Tears of relief at knowing this trip would be completed, but more than that, tears of all the emotions I'd battled as I crossed the interior.
On reaching the tarmac of Route 1, I crouched to hug its joyous, solid, smooth firmness, delirious with the knowledge the washboard was over. Less than a kilometre down the road I pulled into the Godafoss waterfall viewing area. Finding nowhere to sit, I collapsed on the floor next to my bike. I had no idea how dirty, dusty, and exhausted I looked, but a minute later an American woman approached me with a bag of grapes and an apple. I had no words at all; I stared dumbfounded as she handed me fresh fruit. My dehydrated meals on this trip were incredible, the best I've ever had, but fresh fruit was something else. Between stuffing grapes into my mouth, I thanked her over and over, slowly regaining the energy to recount some of my journey to her. Overhearing this, an Italian couple thrust a peanut butter sandwich into my hand. These people will never have any idea how incredible their simple generosity felt to me.
From there to the top of the island it's tarmac all the way and before the sun crept down toward the horizon that night I was pitched up on real grass, with soil beneath my sleeping pad instead of gravel and sand. I ventured into the local swimming baths, showering twice before getting in the hot pools, and then once more afterwards just for the luxury of it.
The meaning of bikes.
The ride across Iceland was one of the hardest I have ever done. I learnt things about my bike, my set-up and my clothing, but most of all I learnt a lot about challenging myself. I've not yet done a ride that has 'broken' me, forcing me to stop or drop out, and I had thought I needed to keep going until I found such a ride – my 'ceiling'. Iceland made me understand that no ride will ever be as hard as sitting by Catherine's bedside and watching her life slowly ebb away. Nothing I will ever do will be as hard as the moment I had to let go of her hand and walk out of that hospice knowing she was gone and I'd never see her again.
It's taken me six months to process my feelings about this journey and come to terms with it enough to sit down and write about it. Trying to work out what I'd learnt from the trip was hard, because thinking about the mental suffering on that journey reopened wounds that are still trying to heal. I have come to understand that one reason we push ourselves and take on great physical endurance events is to test ourselves mentally. I've been challenged far harder over the last few years than any bike ride could ever test me, which has freed me from feeling the need to prove myself on the bike. Since returning from Iceland I've ridden more trials, more downhill and more street, just for fun. I still love guiding bikepacking trips, but have realised that for me biking is about enjoyment and riding with great people. Some people will always feel the need to test themselves on the bike, but, for me, riding is now about playtime and having fun.
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Comments (1)
Hope your in a better place mentally now Tom. Stunning photos, & a thought provoking read.
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JEE Main is applicable for admission to NITs, IIITs and CFTIs participating though Central Seat Allocation Board subject to the condition that the candidate should have secured at least 75% marks in the 12th class examination, or be in the top 20 percentile in the 12th class examination conducted by the respective Boards. For SC/ST candidates the qualifying marks would be 65% in the 12th class examination.
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2 days + 15 hours + 70 people = success!
Today's luncheon at my old elementary school couldn't have been better! After spending all day yesterday at school setting everything up, today was a breeze helping Kristin with the food. The teachers & administrative staff were all smiles and I'm so thankful to have been able to do this for them…goodness knows they deserve it for all of their hard work!
below are a few "peeks" i snapped while I had the chance!
if you're ever in need of goody bags, mom & I are old pros.
Remember my OCD-like need to keep things organized? It should come as no surprise that I find glasses lined up in perfect rows to be perfection!
attention to detail is key…even down to the last cracker (:
and a sweet tooth's dream: C.A.N.D.Y. by the pounds. Teachers are just big kids…they loved it!


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Received this in the mail yesterday and read it within two hours. Very timely message to let us see God's heart in the troubling times. Must read for all Christians.
This book is an excellent call for believers to "Go Active" in the Spirit of Kingdom values for a world which needs us to show up with Kingdom wisdom. Very credible call to the church. Thank you Jeremiah Johnson. You just got my attention and support.
Most profound book I've read in years!!
I couldn't read the book fast enough! I plan to order more copies to give away to others because I think the words from the Lord are critical for people to know now. Thank you for sharing these prophesies, Jeremiah. I believe the Church needs to hear them asap, I know I needed to. I confess I've been complacent myself and needed the wake up call. I sense an urgency from the Holy Spirit to take this seriously and to get moving NOW in prayer and fasting for our president and nation.
Are you a person of prayer? A watchmen on the wall? Then this is a MUST read book. We are in a time in history where our prayers and intercession will change history. Whoever has ears let them hear what the Spirit is saying to the church.


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Developer PM Studios and North American publisher acttil have announced that their upcoming music/rhythm title SUPERBEAT: XONiC will be getting two limited editions in the North American market, with pre-orders starting tomorrow.
PM Studios is the creative team behind DJ MAX Fever, which was released on the PlayStation Portable in North America in 2008 and garnered wide acclaim. Their new title, SUPERBEAT: XONiC, has a new user interface and music compared to the original game with over 45 music tracks and 200 different play patterns.
For sale in the U.S., Canada, and Mexico, the game will be available in two very limited editions. The first, X-CLUSIVE COLLECTION, will include a physical copy of game and two exclusive soundtrack discs and will be limited to 500 units for $50 plus $8 S&H. The second, X-OTIC COLLECTION, will include two LP records with sleeve covers, two soundtrack discs, and a physical game included in a special sleek outer box and will be limited to 450 units for $100 plus $8 S&H. Both versions will be available until supplies last at PM's Studios' store at https://superbeatxonic.ecwid.com.
SUPERBEAT: XONiC will be releasing later this Fall in North America both at retail and digitally. We have some images of both limited editions below.


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This week's selections were posted on the main Fingertips site a day later than usual this week, so they've been up there a few days, but somehow in my scurrying around I forgot entirely about posting them here. Oops. But it's okay because there won't be any more new MP3s reviewed until January at this point, so it's not like these songs will be bumping into a new batch very quickly.
What's happening next week is I'll be posting a list of my top 20 favorite free and legal MP3s of the year. Bigger news is that I'm also busy working on a site redesign which will merge the main site and the blog--which means no more forgetting to post here, thank goodness. Lots of tedious work to do between now and then. WordPress here we come. Eventually.
Saturday, December 19, 2009
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Short and sweet for me this week, but I wanted to share my new thing!
I've become obsessed with bullet journaling lately. All because I was looking, obsessively (is there any other way?) for my 2017 Diary and I couldn't find one that quite met my needs.
I wanted one that would do everything. With a week to view, and a monthly planner and space for all my brilliant (?) ideas. Then I stumbled across the bullet journaling phenomenon and the idea that I could make my own journal that could tick all my boxes.
After my initial perfectionism kicking in after seeing the examples on Insta and Pinterest (don't look, its like the total perspective vortex in hitchhikers…guaranteed to lead to fatal feelings of inadequacy), I was able to get out of my own way and begin to craft a journal that would meet my needs.
The journal consists of many parts, only of interest to myself, but I did want to share my habit tracker.
One of the habits I'm most ashamed of has been using the phone in the car. I have justified this behaviour in many ways. I don't do it on the motorway, only at red lights…but I had noticed that there had been some behaviour drift.
A news story in the UK at the start of last month really brought home the tragic consequences after a driver was sentenced to 10 years for killing four people. He had been scrolling through his music for 45 seconds on the motorway before the crash. I consider myself a good person, yet I was engaged in a behaviour that could lead to an outcome that I wouldn't be able to live with, and other people may not survive.
This drove me to developing my habit tracker. I popped it in the front of my journal and got so much satisfaction from marking the box saying that I had another phone free car day. Since using the tracker, I have also managed to take my lunch to work, every day that I was at the office, and not buy coffees on those days either. Both were entrenched habits until I started tracking them.
There's so much science behind tracking as a behaviour change and monitoring tool. It's like my grown up star chart and its made a huge difference. I haven't used the phone in the car since the 2nd November ( I also have a ribbon on the steering wheel to remind me of the victims and I keep the phone in the back of the car).
I'm really excited to to change the list next month as I made some pretty bold goals this month that were a little, over optimistic.
Oh, and in case you were thinking …she does no exercise. I have a whole separate system for that. (You weren't thinking that of course, my over inflated impression management drive went haywire for a bit).
The orange Journal I'm saving until 2017. Its a Leuchtturm dotted grid one from Fitzgerald Taylor in Devonport. It was the most delightfully packaged purchase that I have ever received am I'm now in a total panic about making a mistake in it. Hence the Frixion rubby outy pens.
I'm keen to hear other people's successes in habit tracking too. So that I know that I am part of a community of obsessive list makers.


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The soundtrack to Star Wars Episode I: The Phantom Menace was released two weeks before the film in May 1999, and was composed by John Williams. In anticipation of the long-awaited film, the soundtrack was certified Platinum in the U.S. and Gold in the UK (where it entered the UK album charts at number 8).
Three formats were available, and a new one was released in February 2012:
- The original album released on compact disc to accompany the film (May 4, 1999). This release is a single disc containing 17 tracks from the score. Each track is edited by Williams to present the score as one would hear it in a concert suite.
- This album was also available on a two-disc vinyl LP set through specialized retailers such as Star Wars Insider.
- The Two-Disc Ultimate Edition released by popular demand (November 14, 2000). This set presents the score predominately as heard in the film (with most of the edits, loops, tracked music, and post-production changes in place). Although not exactly what is heard in the film, this set was meant to be listened to as one would hear the score in the film, but is not the complete score (although it is falsely stated on the back of the set as being 'every note recorded.')
- A special re-issue of the original album to celebrate the film's 3D re-release on February 6, 2012. This version is to contain the "Duel of the Fates (Dialogue Version)" bonus track originally included on the Ultimate Edition.
None of the releases contain the entire score. Currently, no complete release has been made. The Ultimate Edition contains music not on the Album, but the Album also has music not heard on the Ultimate Edition. Both sets contain alternate takes of cues, while neither present some of the alternate takes only heard in the film.
Score informationEdit
Recorded in Abbey Road studios over a week, starting on February 10, 1999 performed by the London Voices and London Symphony Orchestra, Star Wars Episode I: The Phantom Menace was the first Star Wars score Williams had composed in over 16 years. Williams produced the recording sessions himself with Shawn Murphy recording and mixing the score. Kenneth Wannberg returned as music editor, having fulfilled this task on the previous three Star Wars scores.
The scores of the following two films would rely heavily upon tracking from this score, a decision that Williams and George Lucas had decided upon early into the film's production.[1]
No complete score has ever been released, but the majority of unreleased pieces can be heard in various LucasArts video games.
After the album's release, the popularity of a more complete bootleg version of the score began to steal profits. In response, Sony released the Ultimate Edition, presenting the score nearly as it is heard in the film while falsely marketing itself as "every note ever recorded."
A fragmentary list of all known slate numbers and original track titles follows:
- 1m? Star Wars Main Title
- 1m? The Arrival
- 1m? Gas Leak
- 1m? Droid Fight
- 1m? Queen Amidala
- 1m? The Droid Invasion
- 1m7 Introducing Jar Jar
- 1m? Bubble World
- 1m? Gone Fishin'
- 2m? Darth Sidious
- 2m? Tentacles
- 2m? Theed Palace Arrival
- 2m? You're Under Arrest
- 2m? Escape from Naboo
- 2m? Intro Darth Maul
- 2m? Arrival at Tatooine
- 2m? I'm a Pilot You Know
- 2m? Stealing Food
- 2m? Through the Slave Quarters
- 3m? Running Out of Time
- 3m? Are You a Jedi?
- 3m? Watto's Deal
- 3m? Kids at Play
- 3m? It's Working
- 3m6 The Sith Spacecraft
- 3m? Roll of the Die
- 3m? The Flag Parade
- 3m10 Jabba Introduction - Start Your Engines
- 3m11 The Race Begins
- 4m? [Title Unknown]
- 4m2 Anakin Defeats Sebulba
- 4m? Anakin's Great Victory
- 4m? Anakin Is Free
- 4m? Darth and Qui-Gon
- 4m? Coruscant Arrival
- 4m? Queen and Palpatine
- 5m? High Council Meeting
- 5m? The Senate
- 5m? Anakin's Test
- 5m4 The Chosen One
- 5m? [Title Unknown]
- 5m? Moving Forward
- 5m? The Gungans
- 5m? With Boss Nass
- 5m? Promoting Jar-Jar
- 5m? War Plans
- 6m? Forest Mist
- 6m? Drums Insert
- 6m? The Armies Face Off
- 6m? Battle Part II C
- 6m? Laser Fight March
- 6m? Take To Your Ships
- 6m? The Big Army
- 6m? String Cluster
- 6m5 The Droid Battle
- 6m? Up the Wire
- 6m7 The Great Duel
- 6M7p2 Duel Continues/Crash Landing
- 6m? Qui-Gon's Noble End
- 6m? Battleship Destroyed
- 6m? The Death of Maul
- 7m? [Title Unknown]
- 7m? Qui-Gon's Funeral
- 7m? Augie's Great Municipal Band
- 7m? End Title
- 7m? End Title Part II
Differences between versionsEdit
In the recording studio, Williams records cues multiple times. A track's film and album versions can be drastically different. One cue can be made up of several takes, putting together the best moments of each, replacing flubbed notes.
Since each track is run several times, each performance differs slightly. Occasionally, Williams will change orchestrations right on the spot. The score also makes use of several insert pieces which usually replace certain sections within a cue.
Examples of Different Takes:
- Track 4 on Disc 1 of the Ultimate Edition vs. Video Games: The version used in the film cut out the cue's end, which features a snare roll, followed by a cymbal crash, a three-note horn blast followed by a final horn blast/snare hit. The final chord was used instead at the end of "The Droid Invasion". This ending was used in Attack of the Clones as Mace Windu enters the Geonosian arena.
- Track 31 on Disc 1 of the Ultimate Edition vs. DVD vs. Track 7 of the 1-disc album vs video games: The film features loops and extended segments of "The Flag Parade" not featured in the UE. The Album also features a similar loop, as do the video games.
- Track 32 on Disc 1 of the Ultimate Edition vs. Film: The track segues straight into the ending moments of "The Flag Parade", whereas in the film, there is a considerable gap in between. Also, an abridged version of the cue's ending measures have been retained despite not appearing in the film.
- "Take to Your Ships": Take to Your Ships has many different orchestrations heard throughout the UE, the album, earlier and later LucasArts games.
- "Duel of the Fates" many versions: Duel of the Fates has several different orchestrations heard in the games, Album, and Ultimate Edition.
- "Anakin's Theme" vs. Alternate Take: The Alternate take heard in the games has a loud bang in the middle of the track (possibly from an instrumentalist hitting their stand). It also is shorter and eliminates the return to the descending middle segment.
Several source cues composed by Williams' son, Joseph. Alternates of cues and alternate recordings of "Duel of the Fates" have unknown slate numbers and for the most part are unreleased.[2]
Track listingEdit
Original releaseEdit
- The original release of the soundtrack only contained one disc.
- Released on May 4, 1999.
- "Star Wars Main Title and The Arrival at Naboo" – 2:55
- "Duel of the Fates" – 4:14
- "Anakin's Theme" – 3:05
- "Jar Jar's Introduction and The Swim to Otoh Gunga" – 5:07
- "The Sith Spacecraft and The Droid Battle" – 2:37
- "The Trip to the Naboo Temple and The Audience with Boss Nass" – 4:07
- "The Arrival at Tatooine and The Flag Parade" – 4:04
- "He Is the Chosen One" – 3:53
- "Anakin Defeats Sebulba" – 4:24
- "Passage Through the Planet Core" – 4:40
- "Watto's Deal and Kids at Play" – 4:57
- "Panaka and the Queen's Protectors" – 3:24
- "Queen Amidala and The Naboo Palace" – 4:51
- "The Droid Invasion and The Appearance of Darth Maul" – 5:14
- "Qui-Gon's Noble End" – 3:48
- "The High Council Meeting and Qui-Gon's Funeral" – 3:09
- "Augie's Great Municipal Band and End Credits" – 9:37
Total Time: 74:23
Ultimate EditionEdit
- Due to the Ultimate Edition portrayal of the score as a film version, and to alleviate long tracks, certain tracks may be several minutes long, but are broken up into segments. When being played, the individual segments are separate tracks. The main track names are in bold and their separate portions follow.
- Released on November 14, 2000.
Disc 1Edit
- Fox Fanfare – 0:23
- Treachery Within the Federation - The Invasion of Naboo
- Star Wars Main Title – 1:24
- Boarding The Federation Battleship – 2:31
- Death Warrant For Qui-Gon And Obi-Wan – 1:18
- Fighting The Destroyer Droids – 1:44
- Queen Amidala Warns The Federation – 2:23
- The Droid Invasion – 1:00
- Underwater Adventure
- Swimming To Otoh Gunga – 0:56
- Inside the Bubble City – 3:05
- Attack Of The Giant Fish – 1:37
- Darth Sidious
- Darth Sidious and the Passage Through the Planet Core – 1:04
- On to Naboo and the Rescue of the Queen
- The Giant Squid And The Attack On Theed – 1:18
- Qui-Gon And Obi-Wan Rescue The Queen – 2:09
- Fighting The Guards – 1:42
- Escape From Naboo – 2:04
- Enter Darth Maul – 1:07
- Destination Tatooine, Home of Anakin Skywalker
- The Arrival At Tatooine – 2:28
- Street Band Of Mos Espa – 1:16
- Padme Meets Anakin – 1:12
- Desert Winds [deleted from the film] – 1:28
- Jar Jar's Run-In With Sebulba – 1:18
- Anakin's Home And The Introduction To Threepio – 2:22
- The Dark Forces Plot
- Darth Sidious And Darth Maul – 1:12
- Qui-Gon Bets on Anakin
- Talk Of Podracing – 2:58
- Anakin Closes In On His Destiny
- Watto's Deal / Shmi And Qui-Gon Talk – 2:24
- Anakin, Podracer Mechanic – 1:38
- The Racer Roars To Life / Anakin's Midi-Chlorian Count – 1:24
- Darth Maul And The Sith Spacecraft – 1:00
- Mos Espa Arena Band – 0:53
- Watto's Roll Of The Die – 1:59
- The Flag Parade – 1:14
- Sebulba's Dirty Hand / Qui-Gon's Pep Talk – 1:37
- Anakin's Victory
- Anakin Defeats Sebulba – 2:17
- The Cheering Crowd
- Hail To The Winner, Anakin Skywalker) – 1:13
- Mos Espa Folk Song
- The Street Singer – 1:13
Total Time: 57:27
Disc 2Edit
- To Coruscant and to Palpatine and the Senate
- Anakin Is Free – 5:04
- Qui-Gon And Darth Maul Meet – 1:48
- Anakin And Group To Coruscant – 4:11
- Palpatine's Treachery
- The Queen And Palpatine – 0:41
- Qui-Gon Goes Before Yoda
- High Council Meeting – 2:37
- War Clouds and an Alliance with Boss Nass and the Gungans
- The Senate – 1:12
- Anakin's Test – 3:41
- Qui-Gon's Mission/Obi-Wan's Warning – 3:47
- Nute And Rune Confer With Darth Sidious – 0:29
- The Queen And Group Land On Naboo – 2:19
- Jar Jar Leads Group To The Gungans – 2:25
- War Plans – 2:31
- Prelude to War
- Darth Sidious Receives News Of The Gungan Army – 0:25
- The Gungans March – 0:57
- The Great Battle Begins
- The Queen And Her Group Sneak Back To The Palace – 0:18
- The Battle Begins – 0:24
- The Republic Pilots Take Off Into Space – 1:26
- The Battle Continues
- Activate The Droids – 0:44
- The Gungans Fight Back – 0:24
- The Duel Begins – 0:51
- Anakin Takes Off In Spaceship – 0:47
- The Duel Continues – 0:59
- The Battle Rages On – 1:59
- Qui-Gon, Obi-Wan And Darth Maul Continue Battle – 1:22
- The War At Its Darkest
- Qui-Gon, Darth Maul And The Invisible Wall – 0:14
- The Gungans Retreat And The Queen Surrenders – 2:18
- The Death Of Qui-Gon And The Surrender Of The Gungans – 2:28
- Good Triumphs Over Evil
- The Tide Turns/The Death Of Darth Maul – 3:24
- The Wrap-Up
- The Queen Confronts Nute And Rune – 1:47
- The Funeral Of Qui-Gon – 1:18
- Victory Parade
- The Parade – 1:24
- Titles
- End Credits – 8:14
- Duel of the Fates (Dialogue Version) - BONUS TRACK – 4:21
Total Time: 67:04
See alsoEdit
External linksEdit
- Star Wars Episode I: The Phantom Menace (soundtrack) on Wookieepedia: a Star Wars wiki
- Star Wars Episode I: The Phantom Menace Soundtrack at Amazon.com
|This page uses content from the English Wikipedia. The original article was at Star Wars Episode I: The Phantom Menace (soundtrack). The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with Lucasfilm Wiki, the text of Wikipedia is available under the GNU Free Documentation License.


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Tanzania Team 4 Jumps Into First Week Teaching
Cadets of CULP Tanzania Team 4 finished their first week teaching the students of Mokongo Secondary School and Jitegemee School. Everyone on the team agrees that teaching English is harder than it looks, but the rewards are greater than expected. Cadet Lipponcot, of South Jersey, said he has learned that lesson plans are a lot more difficult to put together then he thought and it is important to continually adapt to classroom situations.
As our group continues to learn from the students, we have overcome cultural barriers and really gotten to know them as people. Cadet Caputo, of New York, has been able to connect with the students by acting silly and showing vulnerability which seems to allow them to accept us into their culture, the students also thinks it's funny when he tries to speak Swahili.
All of us on Team 4 are looking forward to the next two weeks and to the relationships we are building with our students. We have already been taught a lot by them are excited to see what comes next!!!
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Hill's debut, Little Comfort (Kensington, Sept.), introduces Hester Thursby, a Harvard librarian who finds lost people on the side.
How did you land on Hester as your protagonist?
Hester is the protagonist, but there are three main point-of-view characters. When I first started drafting, the story was about Sam Blaine (who's named after my friend's beagle), a sort of antihero protagonist like Tom Ripley. The other two characters, Hester and Gabe DiPursio, evolved as I wrote, and Hester wound up shoving Sam aside and taking over the story.
Have you known damaged people like Sam Blaine and Gabe DiPursio?
Hasn't everyone had a friend like Sam who was incredibly good looking and charming and who could get away with anything? I have a friend who lives by a different set of rules than the rest of us. One day I got to imagining what it would be like if he was a sociopath, and the book was born. For me, the heart of Little Comfort is Gabe DiPursio, a deeply flawed young man who wants nothing but to belong. That desire both saves him and destroys him.
All your characters are trying in their own way to belong, to find family.
Family is central to everything I write, both the family that you are born with and the one you wind up creating. Hester's entire journey through the series is about creating and defending a weird little family that she's cobbled together. Hester's biggest flaw is that she sometimes doesn't know how to appreciate what she's built for herself. That's when she gets herself into the most trouble.
Did you set out to write a series when you began Little Comfort?
This was conceived as a series from the beginning. I love successful crime series, ones where the characters grow over time, and I hope readers will want to stick with Hester for the rest of the ride. In this novel, I wrote a story where each of Hester's supports were cut away until she could only rely on herself. The decisions she makes will carry forward into future novels. It's been fun working on the second book in the series, and to have an entire Hester Thursby universe to draw on as I draft.
How much did the New England location influence the plot?
In this novel, I played with class a lot, setting the action both on Beacon Hill in Boston and in Squam Lake in New Hampshire, where there's a wide economic spectrum. New England, with its ruggedness and charm, is central to this series. I couldn't imagine setting it anywhere else.


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Weather: Warm bright, breezy.
Number of people: 6 stoppers, no walkbys.
Number of hecklers: 0!
Pages of notes: 7
People who recognized me, and I them, from previous sessions: 3
Conversations at the booth between people who didn't know each other before: 1
Dogs seen: 4
Dogs pet: 1
Tiny calico kittens seen and coveted: 1
Money raised for Environmental Justice League of RI: $1.00
In a new spot, by the front steps, so that more people can see me and maybe come over. I think it's helping—although my numbers aren't yet up from last week.
I need to remember to ask returning people, "Any new anxieties?" as well as chatting and catching up.
Sometimes I see or hear somebody wonder about the sign to themselves or to the person they're with as they walk by. Not sure if I get to feel good about this, or any of it.
A rat ran right into my feet! Other nonhuman RI organisms: a cabbage white butterfly, a huge dragonfly, all the usual grasses and microorganisms and flowerbed flowers and the maple tree, and a crickets singing off and on in the flowerbed close by.
Cooking demo today: Higher Ground bused in about 20 women, mostly older, dressed in prints and headwraps or in sweaters and skirts. They made a very beautiful procession as a younger volunteer delicately and gently helped those who needed help get from the bus to the ground.
Some conversations:
I don't have my purse with me because I have a[n injured] nerve in my shoulder. A couple of years ago I had a ruptured disc and two herniated discs, and I had surgery for that, and the pain's developing in my other shoulder. And I don't have health insurance. I missed the open enrollment, but it seems to me that if should cost more if you sign up outside open enrollment, not that you can't get it. They're a business–they should want you to have health insurance! It's the law to have health insurance!
Person 1: [When] I was in school, they took me to the science museum at the Omni Theater. I been a Big Dipper and a Little Dipper fan ever since. … No matter what state I'm in I'm always looking at what the sky is doing.
[Person 2 comes up and I explain what we're doing.]
Person 1: Mr. Gore, Senator Gore, he's talking about global warming, the effects of global warming. I'm sure there's a lot of effects. The earth is mainly water—with glaciers melting at an alarming rate, the land is gonna be washed away. … I'm also thinking about [Hurricane] Katrina—the dam and the water and how much impact it had on everyone. I've started taking a lot of notice about stuff like repairing our bridges—[a lot of them] are faulty or falling apart.
Person 2: Everybody is basically overwhelmed with everything that's been going on. I haven't really been sleeping at night.
Person 1: I hear a lot of people worrying about the state of affairs.
Person 2: It's everywhere. The work that I do encompasses not only being in this state, in this country—it's across the globe. All this that we hear, all this rhetoric causing division—the President should be uniting people.
Person 1: That's not his M.O. The US knew what they were doing … I think he told all his rich friends, "I can be the President!" and now he is and he doesn't know what to do. I think he's trying to get impeached.
Person 2: Purposely! This is a man with two tongues—that's a proverb, a man who says one thing, then he says another, then he does something else, like a snake.
Oh my God, the Trump thing is horrible. The fact that he's pulled out of [the Paris] agreement is very discouraging, but cities and states are saying that they'll stay in it, and that's encouraging. I've seen journalists say that they're not even reporting on the news, they're just trying to see if there's anything behind what he said. He's just making it worse—the North Korea thing, the Paris agreements. Now he's saying he won't pass this budget unless it has money for his wall [between Mexico and the US].
[This is someone I know, mainly through the booth and the neighborhood, who's talked with me several times.]
I spent the first years of my life in Greenland. My dad was in the service, and he worked at the refueling base at Narsarsuaq, on the southernmost tip—planes had started to be able to carry more fuel, but there were still older planes in the air that needed to refuel. I have pictures of myself in Narsarsuaq, standing on an airfield. So I have feelings about Greenland, and when I realize how much melt there is and what's happening, I feel personally affected. It's a place I lived, it's the place where I started my life. It's a real place to me—I have lots of stories from my folks about what it was like. …I don't want to see it deteriorate or turn into something that I wouldn't recognize.