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KRAKOW, Poland -- The 24-year-old painter sits in a little bar in Kazimierz, Krakow's historic Jewish quarter.
"When communism was over," I ask, "what was the first thing you bought?"
Grzegorz (pronounced g-jay-goj, with hard g's like the word "good") was just five years old when the Berlin Wall fell about 500 kilometres west of this city, Poland's cultural capital.
"It's too embarrassing," he says, shaking his head. After some cajoling and some dramatic pause, he admits: "Barbie."
He explains his grandmother sometimes gave him coins, and he pulled enough money together to purchase the all-American toy. Barbie came with an evening gown -- not appropriate for everyday wear, of course -- and Grzegorz began cutting the bottoms of dresses in his mother's closet so he could fashion bikinis and other outfits for the sun-kissed doll with long blond hair and outlandish curves.
He hid the toy from his father, a butcher who told him communism was "something old, something over now."
The unlikely purchase, made nearly two decades ago, is a small symbol of how today's young Poles embrace the West, as tourists slowly flood Krakow's Old Town and virtually everyone under 30 speaks near-flawless English.
My best friend, a Canadian, lives in Krakow and teaches English. Grzegorz is his roommate, and something of a cultural tour guide for both of us.
"Poland is part of the West now. We are the West," Grzegorz tells me.
Key to this sense of belonging is a completely open economy. English-language billboards offer property for sale, the latest Hollywood movies are available in English with Polish subtitles, and there is sushi, Pad Thai or McDonald's for anyone who wishes to skip traditional (beige) Eastern European cuisine.
Brought into the European Union in 2004, nothing stops Poland from being open for business. Even its shared border with the Czech Republic is wide open, as trains chug along a Prague-Krakow route twice a day with no stops for passport checks.
A city of about 750,000 tucked in Poland's southwest, Krakow has become a hot attraction for British stag parties, and a magnet for tour-bus-bound groups from other parts of Europe. Considered safer than the Polish capital of Warsaw, Krakow is a cheap plane ticket away from London, for example -- one-way fare can cost as little as $90.
Poland's zloty is not even equal to 50 Canadian cents. In Europe, that puts it just shy of a third of a euro and just 25 British pence. The government's budget problems stand in the way of setting a date for Poland to adopt the euro; in the meantime, buying anything from clothing to a bottle of vodka is unlikely to put much of a dent in the wallet of a foreign traveller.
But the beauty of Krakow is in the places where East does not meet West.
While some call it the new Prague, Krakow is a far cry yet from the Czech Republic's capital: Krakow's market square is not yet overrun by tourists; lineups to enter Wawel Castle, on the edge of the Vistula River, are absolutely manageable.
Where Prague's cafes and restaurants have been taken over by a soundtrack of Top 40 hits from the last 15 years -- Nirvana, Alanis Morisette, Kelly Clarkson -- Krakow's eateries are more likely to play a mix of classic French songs, Polish pop, and remixed American songs of the '80s and '90s.
(But don't worry -- should you find yourself in Krakow and missing home, a quick spin along the radio dial will surely find Celine Dion, at least. Her scheduled concert this spring was nearly as well-publicized as the new Indiana Jones movie.)
Meanwhile, even young people well-versed in the ways of Brits and North Americans do not yet recognize Starbucks. Here, cafes with hardwood tables and creaking chairs -- like Dym in the Old Town or Les Couleurs in Kazimierz -- offer a heavy spoonful of romantic European ambience with delicious coffee that is absolutely worth any wait at the bar.
Good advice: order a "biala," or "white" instead of a latte or cappuccino. Heavy on milk, this coffee is slightly less expensive than its foreign-named cousins.
So many of Krakow's buildings are somehow dark and mysterious. Walking into its Gothic cathedrals is like walking back in time, hitting a wall of heavy, spiced air. Bars and clubs often sport a uniquely red-tinged retro feel that can bring Cold War-era spy movies to mind.
But the city's green spaces are bright and open. The banks of the Vistula are grassy, and on hot summery days you will find tethered tour boats at the ready and young couples stretched out together on the ground. The whole of the Old Town is surrounded by a green belt of trees and benches, fountains and walking paths. Here, everyone seems to stake out a spot to write, read or draw.
Krakow invites the imagination. It is a city alive with artists, in no small part thanks to a thriving university at its core -- Jagiellonian University was built in the late 1300s as Krakow Academy. (One of its most famous students was the astronomer Copernicus in the late 15th century.)
If you can get past the armies of pigeons that roam sidewalks and swoop from buildings, there are long walks along centuries-old streets to be had all through the city's centre, and so many unique or tourist-aimed shops to visit.
At the very heart of Old Town, Cloth Hall -- which dates back to the 14th century -- sees vendors set up shop daily to offer souvenir trinkets, traditional dolls, jewelry, sweaters, and more. Possibly the busiest spot in Krakow, the hall is narrow and packed on any given day.
To the south of the city's centre, Kazimierz is gentrifying. Once a Jewish ghetto, this corner of the city is named for a 14th-century Polish king known for protecting Jews and their rights.
Despite hipster clubs moving into the neighbourhood, Kazimierz still has its share of Polish grandmothers walking their pets along narrow streets, or sitting at their windows to watch the world passing by.
Krakow's most traditional restaurants are often its most unabashedly kitschy. Take Bar-Szynk, in Kazimierz, where washboards, yokes, gas lamps and even a stuffed rooster hang from the walls.
Behind the bar, beside bottles of unrecognizable local vodka, sit bottles of Jack Daniels whisky and Kahlua liqueur.
But a favourite spot, for English-speaking ex-pats at least, is Massolit Books.
Here stories are read to children on Sunday mornings, and biala is served in the front room. Used and new English books are crammed into four rooms that connect with long and short hallways, while bright-coloured walls and comfortable furniture invite hours of browsing.
In this bookstore, paradise for anyone who loves to read, the works of Jane Austen and Ernest Hemingway snuggle up on floor-to-ceiling shelves, and the old West finds a comfortable home in the new.


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Thanks for the welcome!Els, if you live anywhere near Michigan, you and your hubby should stop by...We could talk about books and homeschooling and our husbands could tool around on a steam engine.
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(2015-11-17) — President Barack Obama, at the G-20 summit in Turkey today, said the Muslim terrorist attacks in Paris this week were a "setback, but it could be worse. We could be Charlie Sheen, and have HIV."
Under aggressive questioning from journalists who suggested his approach to ISIS has failed, Obama repeatedly sought to put the carnage in context by comparing it with other, similar, tragedies.
"Let me be clear," Obama said, frustration evident in his voice and body language, "The loss of life and the gruesome injuries inflicted on hundreds of people by terrorists of no particular religion is very…very disappointing. And I mean very. But how many of us would want to trade places with Tamar Braxton? One day you're dancing with the stars, and the next you got blood clots on your lungs and you're off the show, watching at home as that little minx, Bindi Irwin, captures America's heart.
"What about Miranda Lambert?" Obama continued. "I mean, you think everything's going great in your marriage, and then you find out he's cheating on you."
Obama, known for his steady hand as "no-drama Obama," urged the nation to emulate him, and take the long view when it comes to fighting ISIS.
"Look," the president said, "if ISIL…which is an acronym that stands for nothing in particular…if ISIL drives a wedge between us — between me and the reporters who've come to love me — well then, the terrorists have won, haven't they?"


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Press Conference Stresses Importance to Make Progress on Successor Work Programme on Article 6
Article 6 of the UNFCCC on education, training and public awareness and the development of a successor programme to the New Delhi work programme are of key importance to developing countries. This was a key message coming out of a press conference organized on 24 May 2012 by the Dominican Republic in the margins of the Bonn Climate Change Conference, Germany. The press conference also provided an opportunity to present progress made in UN CC:Learn pilot countries that include Benin, the Dominican Republic, Indonesia, Malawi and Uganda.
Mr. Omar Ramírez Tejada, Vice President and Head of the National Council for Climate Change and Clean Development Mechanism of the Dominican Republic (CNCCMDL) pointed out that implementation of Article 6 is fundamental to achieve the goals of the Convention and promote sustainable development. He stressed that "education needs a long-term, strategic and country driven approach". Mr. Ramirez further highlighted that it is imperative to continue working to adopt the New Programme on Education and Climate Change at the 18th Conference of the Parties to the UNFCCC (COP 18), in Doha, Qatar in December 2012. He underlined that the Dominican Republic was currently undertaking a national UN CC:Learn project to take a strategic approach to the implementation of Article 6. Finally, he highlighted that a National Strategy to Strengthen Human Resources and Skills to Advance Green, Low Emission and Climate Resilient Development will be launched in the next months.
Mr. Ibila Djibril, National Coordinator of the UN CC:Learn project in Benin and National UNFCCC Focal Point, Ministry of Environment, Housing and Urbanism, highlighted that climate change has not yet been integrated in formal education in Benin. He pointed out that it is necessary to increase public awareness to reduce the gap between professionals and experts and the broad population and to facilitate implementation of adaptation and mitigation actions. He concluded his intervention by stressing that the UN CC:Learn project in Benin will facilitate identification of actions to increase the knowledge and skills of policy-makers and the population to address climate change.
Mr. Doddy Sukadri, Secretary, Forestry Working Group National Council on Climate Change (DNPI) of Indonesia and National Coordinator of the UN CC:Learn project in the country explained that Indonesia is a tropical country with a population of 230 million individuals. He highlighted that seventy percent of its territory is covered by forests. Therefore forestry and land use are strategic sectors for reducing greenhouse gas emissions in the country. He expressed that UN CC:Learn provides a valuable contribution to foster a green and climate-resilient transformation. Finally he highlighted that there are three "S" to promote the change: "Start from yourself", "Start from your family" and "Start from now".
Mr. Paul Isabirye, UNFCCC National Focal Point, Coordinator, Climate Change Unit, Ministry of Water and Environment, and National Coordinator of the UN CC:Learn project in Uganda emphasized that Article 6 is a strategic component for implementation of the Convention and the Kyoto Protocol. He pointed out that it is necessary to promote a new approach for education, including concrete skills development action. He noted that the new work programme on Article 6 should address the gaps and needs that were identified during the review process. He also emphasized that a gender perspective needs to be incorporated to engage and mobilize action in climate change projects. Finally he said that "climate change needs to generate capacities at policy, institutional and grassroots levels. The UN CC:Learn project in Uganda will contribute to achieve this objective".
Mr. David D. Mkwambisi, Senior Lecturer on Environment and Development, University of Malawi stressed that Malawi is highly vulnerable to climate change. During the last years the country has faced a prolonged drought which directly affected food security. He said that UN CC:Learn will contribute to develop capacities for implementing other programmes lead by the government such as the National Climate Change Programme, the Agriculture Programme and the Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMA). He also stressed that the project is mobilizing different sectors and actors for addressing climate change in the country.
Mr. Achim Halpaap, Associate Director and Head of the Environment Unit, UNITAR highlighted that UN CC:Learn aims to promote multi-sectoral and multi-stakeholder collaboration and the engagement of national education and training institutions. He further noted that the UN CC:Learn pilot projects apply the core principles of the Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness which emphasize country ownership, empowerment of national institutions, and alignment of support by development partners. Finally, Mr. Halpaap acknowledged the generous support of the Swiss Development Cooperation (SDC) for the implementation of the UN CC:Learn pilot phase in 2011-2013.