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Johann Friedrich Blumenbach
Johann Friedrich Blumenbach (11 May 1752 – 22 January 1840) was a German physician, naturalist, physiologist, and anthropologist. He was one of the first to explore the study of mankind as an aspect of natural history. His teachings in comparative anatomy were applied to the classification of what he called human races, of which he determined there to be five.
- Early life and education 1
Career 2
- Beliefs on races 2.1
- Other natural studies 2.2
Bildungstrieb 2.3
- Background 2.3.1
- Blumenbach's Bildungstrieb 2.3.2
- Blumenbach and Kant on Bildungstrieb 2.3.3
- See also 3
- Notes 4
- References 5
- External links 6
Early life and education
Blumenbach was born at his family house in Gotha. His father was Heinrich Blumenbach, a local school headmaster, his mother was Charlotte Eleonore Hedwigg Buddeus.[1]
He studied medicine at Jena, and then at Göttingen. He graduated from the latter in 1775 with his M.D. thesis De generis humani varietate nativa (On the Natural Variety of Mankind, University of Göttingen, which was first published in 1775, then re-issued with changes to the title-page in 1776). It is considered one of the most influential works in the development of subsequent concepts of "human races."[2][3] It contained the germ of the craniological research to which so many of his subsequent inquiries were directed.[4]
He was appointed extraordinary professor of medicine and inspector of the museum of natural history in Göttingen in 1776 and ordinary professor in 1778.[3] His contributions soon began to enrich the pages of the Medicinische Bibliothek, of which he was editor from 1780 to 1794, with various contributions on medicine, physiology, and anatomy. In physiology, he was of the school of Albrecht von Haller, and was in the habit of illustrating his theory by a careful comparison of the animal functions of man with those of other animals.[4] Following Baron Cuvier's identification, Blumenbach gave the woolly mammoth its first scientific name, Elephas primigenius (first-born elephant", in 1799.
His reputation was much extended by the publication of his Institutiones Physiologicae (1787), a condensed, well-arranged view of the animal functions, expounded without discussion of minute anatomical details. Between its first publication and 1821, it went through many editions in Germany, where it was the general textbook of the science of physiology. It was translated into English in America by Charles Caldwell (Philadelphia 1798), and in London by John Elliotson (1807).[4]
He was perhaps still more extensively known by his Handbuch der vergleichenden Anatomie ("Handbook of comparative anatomy"), which passed through numerous German editions from its appearance in 1805 to 1824. It was translated into English in 1809 by the surgeon Sir William Lawrence, and again, with improvements and editions, by William Coulson in 1827. This manual, though slighter than the subsequent works of Cuvier, Carus, and others, and not to be compared with such later expositions as that of Gegenbaur, was long esteemed for the accuracy of the author's own observations, and his just appreciation of the labors of his predecessors.[4]
Although the greatest part of Blumenbach's life was passed at Göttingen, in 1789 he visited Switzerland, and gave a curious medical topography of that country in the Bibliothek. He was in England in 1788 and 1792. He was elected a Foreign Honorary Member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1794.[5] In 1812 he was appointed secretary to the Royal Society of Sciences at Göttingen, in 1816 was appointed physician to the royal family in Hanover (German: Obermedizinalrat ) by the prince regent, in 1821 was made a knight-commander of the Guelphic Order, and in 1831 was elected a member of the Academy of Sciences at Paris. In celebration of his doctoral jubilee (1825) traveling scholarships were founded to assist talented young physicians and naturalists. In 1813, he was elected a foreign member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. In 1835 he retired. Blumenbach died in Göttingen in 1840.[3][4]
Beliefs on races
Blumenbach's work included his description of sixty human crania (skulls) published originally in fascicules as Decas craniorum (Göttingen, 1790–1828). This was a founding work for other scientists in the field of craniometry. He divided the human species into five races in 1779, later founded on crania research (description of human skulls), and called them (1793/1795):
- the Caucasian or white race
- the Mongolian or yellow race, including all East Asians and some Central Asians.
- the Malayan or brown race, including Southeast Asian and Pacific Islanders.
- the Ethiopian or black race, including sub-Saharan Africans.
- the American or red race, including American Indians.
Further anatomical study led him to the conclusion that 'individual Africans differ as much, or even more, from other individual Africans as Europeans differ from Europeans'.
Blumenbach argued that physical characteristics like skin color, cranial profile, etc., depended on geography, diet, and mannerism. Like other Asia hypothesis),[6] and that other races came about by degeneration from environmental factors such as the sun and poor diet. Thus, he claimed, Negroid pigmentation arose because of the result of the heat of the tropical sun, while the cold wind caused the tawny colour of the Eskimos, while the Chinese were fair-skinned compared to the other Asian stocks because they kept mostly in towns protected from environmental factors. He believed that the degeneration could be reversed in a proper environmental control and that all contemporary forms of man could revert to the original Caucasian race.[7]
Furthermore, he concluded that Africans were not inferior to the rest of mankind 'concerning healthy faculties of understanding, excellent natural talents and mental capacities',[8] and is quoted as saying the following:
"Finally, I am of opinion that after all these numerous instances I have brought together of negroes of capacity, it would not be difficult to mention entire well-known provinces of Europe, from out of which you would not easily expect to obtain off-hand such good authors, poets, philosophers, and correspondents of the Paris Academy; and on the other hand, there is no so-called savage nation known under the sun which has so much distinguished itself by such examples of perfectibility and original capacity for scientific culture, and thereby attached itself so closely to the most civilized nations of the earth, as the Negro."[9]
He did not consider his "degenerative hypothesis" as racist and sharply criticized Christoph Meiners, an early practitioner of scientific racialism, as well as Samuel Thomas von Sömmerring who concluded from autopsies that Africans were an inferior race.[10] Blumenbach wrote three other essays stating non-white peoples are capable of excelling in arts and sciences in reaction against racialists of his time.[11]
These ideas were far less influential. His ideas were adopted by other researchers who used them to encourage scientific racism.[12] Blumenbach's work was used by many biologists and comparative anatomists in the nineteenth century who were interested in the origin of races, including Wells, Lawrence, Prichard, Huxley and William Flower.
Other natural studies
In his dissertation, Blumenbach mentioned the name Simia troglodytes in connection with a short description for the common chimpanzee. This dissertation was printed and appeared in September 1775, but only for internal use in the University of Göttingen and not for providing a public record. The public print of his dissertation appeared in 1776.[13] Blumenbach knew that Linnaeus had already established a name Homo troglodytes for a badly known primate, and in 1779 he discussed this Linnean name and concluded correctly that Linnaeus had been dealing with two species, a human and an orangutan, none of them was a chimpanzee, and that by consequence the name Homo troglodytes could not be used. Blumenbach was one of the first scientists to understand the identities of the different species of primates, which were (excluding humans) orangutans and chimpanzees (gorillas were not known to Europeans at this time). In Opinion 1368 the ICZN Commission decided in 1985 that Blumenbach's view should be followed, and that his Simia troglodytes as published by Blumenbach in 1779 shall be the type species of the genus Pan and, since it was the oldest available name for the Common Chimpanzee, be used for this species.[14] However, the Commission did not know that Blumenbach had already mentioned this name in his dissertation. Following the rules of the ICZN Code the scientific name of one of the most well-known African animals, currently known as Pan troglodytes, must carry Blumenbach's name combined with the date 1776.[15]
Blumenbach shortly afterward wrote a manual of Ambrosia beetles so Blumenbach's scientific name for the genus was used.[16]
Blumenbach was also influential in and made many contributions to the scientific debates of the last half of the 18th Century regarding evolution and creation, the very issue of life and a life force that concerns science and medicine. His central contribution was in the conception of a vis formativus or Bildungstrieb.
Enlightenment science and philosophy essentially held a static view of nature and man, but vital nature continued to interrupt this view, and the issue of life, the creation of life and its varieties, increasingly occupied attention and "starting in the 1740s the concept of vital power reentered the scene of generation…there must be some 'productive power' in nature that enabled unorganized material to generate new living forms."[17]
moule interieur arising out of the action of the penetrating powers was translated into German as Kraft (power).[17]
The German term for vital power or living power, Lebenskraft, as distinct from chemical or physical forces, first appeared with Medicus's On the Lebenskraft (1774).[17] Scientists were now forced to consider hidden and mysterious powers of and in living matter that resisted physical laws - warm-blooded animals maintaining a consistent temperature despite changing outside temperatures, for example.
In 1759, Caspar Friedrich Wolff, a German embryologist provided evidence for the ancient idea of epigenesis, that is preformed life, that is a chick out of unformed substance and his dispute with von Haller brought the issue of life to the forefront of natural science and philosophy. Wolff identified an "essential power" (essentliche Kraft, or vis essentialis) that allowed structure to be a result of power, "the very power through which, in the vegetable body, all those things which we describe as life are effected."[17]
Blumenbach's Bildungstrieb
While Wolff was not concerned to name this vital organising, reproducing power, in 1789 his successor at the Göttingen school of physiology, Blumenbach, posited a formative drive (nisus formativus or Bildungstrieb) responsible for biological "procreation, nourishment, and reproduction," as well as self-development and self-perfection on a cultural level.[18]
Blumenbach held that all living organisms "from man down to maggots, and from the cedar to common mould or mucor," possess an inherent "effort or tendency which, while life continues, is active and operative; in the first instance to attain the definite form of the species, then to preserve it entire, and, when it is infringed upon, so far as this is possible, to restore it." This power of vitality is "not referable to any qualities merely physical, chemical, or mechanical."[17]
Blumenbach compared the uncertainty about the origin and ultimate nature of the formative drive to similar uncertainties about gravitational attraction: "just in the same way as we use the name of attraction or gravity to denote certain forces, the causes of which however still remain hid, as they say, in Cimmerian darkness, the formative force (nisus formativus) can explain the generation of animals."[17]
At the same time, befitting the central idea of the science and medicine of dynamic polarity, it was also the physiological functional identity of what theorists of society or mind called "aspiration." "Blumenbach's Bildungstrieb found quick passage into evolutionary theorizing of the decade following its formulation and in the thinking of the German natural philosophers (p. 245)[19]
One of Blumenbach's contemporaries, Samuel Hahnemann, undertook to study in detail how this generative, reproductive and creative power, which he termed the Erzeugungskraft of the Lebenskraft of living power of the organism, could be negatively affected by inimical agents to engender disease.
Blumenbach and Kant on Bildungstrieb
Kant is said by one modern author to have relied on Blumenbach's biological concept of formative power in developing his idea of organic purpose.[17]
Kant wrote to Blumenbach in 1790 to praise his concept of the formative force (Bildungstrieb). However, whereas Kant had a heuristic concept in mind, to explain mechanical causes, Blumenbach conceived of a cause fully resident in nature. From this he would argue that the Bildungstrieb was central to the creation of new species. Though Blumenbach left no overt indications of sources for his theory of biological revolution, his ideas harmonize with those of Bonnet and especially with those of his contemporary Johann Gottfried Herder (1744–1803), and it was Herder whose ideas were influenced by Blumenbach. Blumenbach continued to refine the concept in his De nisu formativo et generationis negotio ('On the Formative Drive and the Operation of Generation', 1787) and in the second edition (1788) of the Handbuch der Naturgeschichte: 'it is a proper force (eigentliche Kraft), whose undeniable existence and extensive effects are apparent throughout the whole of nature and revealed by experience'.[20] He consolidated these in the second edition of Über den Bildungstrieb.
Blumenbach had initially been an advocate of Haller's view, in contrast to those of Wolff, that the essential elements of the embryo were already in the egg, he later sided with Wolff. Blumenbach provided evidence for the actual existence of this formative force, to distinguish it from other, merely nominal terms.
The way in which the Bildungstrieb differed, perhaps, from other such forces was in its comprehensive architectonic character: it directed the formation of anatomical structures and the operations of physiological processes of the organism so that various parts would come into existence and function interactively to achieve the ends of the species.[20]
See also
- ^ http://www.royalsoced.org.uk/cms/files/fellows/biographical_index/fells_indexp1.pdf
- ^ Biographical details are in Charles Coulston Gillispie, Dictionary of Scientific Biography, 1970:203f s.v. "Johann Friederich Blumenbach".
- ^ a b c
- ^ a b c d e This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain:
- ^
- ^ Human Evolution: a guide to the debates, Brian Regal, page 72 also see The Institutions of physiology, 1817, Blumenbach, John Elliotson
- ^
- ^ Jack Hitt, "Mighty White of You: Racial Preferences Color America's Oldest Skulls and Bones," Harper's, July 2005, pp. 39–55
- ^ [1] Anthropological Treatises of Blumenbach and Hunter
- ^ Über die natürlichen Verschiedenheiten im Menschengeschlechte, 1798, pp. 204–224
- ^ Emmanuel Chukwudi Eze Race and the enlightenment: a reader, Blackwell (1997) p. 79 ISBN 0-631-20136-X
- ^ Fredrickson, George M. Racism: A Short History, p. 57, Princeton University Press (2002), ISBN 0-691-00899-X
- ^ Blumenbach, J. F. 1776. De generis hvmani varietate nativa liber. Cvm figvris aeri incisis. – pp. [1], 1–100, [1], Tab. I–II [= 1–2]. Goettingae. (Vandenhoeck).
- ^ ICZN 1987. Official lists and indexes of names and works in zoology. p. 303. London. (The International Commission of Zoological Nomenclature).
- ^ ICZN Code Art. 8.1.1. iczn.org
- ^ Ann Moyal Platypus, pp. 8–9
- ^ a b c d e f g
- ^ Wolff's vital power, which dealt only with nutrition (sustenance), was "requisite to the Bildugnstrieb but not by any means the Bildungstrieb itself," as the vital power existed even where there was little or no form, and also could be weak due to poor nourishment, whereas the Bildungstrieb remains undamaged. (Gigantes)
- ^
- ^ a b
- Klatt N (2008). "Klytia und die »schöne Georgianerin« – Eine Anmerkung zu Blumenbachs Rassentypologie". Kleine Beiträge zur Blumenbach-Forschung 1: 70–101. urn:nbn:de:101:1-2008112813
External links
- Chemistry Tree: Johann Friedrich Blumenbach Details
- Blumenbachiana Göttingen State and University Library Digitised works
- WorldHeritage articles incorporating text from EB9 with a vb parameter
- WorldHeritage articles incorporating text from EB9
- Commons category template with no category set
- Commons category without a link on Wikidata
- WorldHeritage articles incorporating a citation from the New International Encyclopedia
- WorldHeritage articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference
- 1752 births
- 1840 deaths
- People from Gotha (town)
- German anthropologists
- German ethnologists
- German naturalists
- Scientific racism
- People from Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg
- Proto-evolutionary biologists
- University of Jena alumni
- University of Göttingen alumni
- University of Göttingen faculty
- Members of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences
- Foreign Members of the Royal Society
- Honorary Members of the St Petersburg Academy of Sciences
- History of psychiatry
- 18th-century German writers
- 19th-century German writers
- Physiologists
- Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
- German male writers


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About this blog
FLEFF Intern Voices
The Finger Lakes Environmental Film Festival from the interns' point of view
Sunday, February 23, 2014
Blogging Post by Alexis Lanza, Film, Photography, and Visual Arts '15, FLEFF Blogger, Enfield, CT
I have never seen a more relaxing office. Taiwan- inspired tapestries, plants, and dragons cover the tops of the furniture. Soft, brown armchairs welcome me to the window, where a decorative cherry tree sits. Its pink-...

subset: commoncrawl


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JACKSONVILLE, Fla. – The Florida Highway Patrol is asking for the public's help in finding a van that hit and killed a man on the Westside last week.
State troopers said their looking for a 1985-2005 Chevrolet van with front and/or left rear damage. The vehicle was described as either an Astro or Safari model and was white. It also has a 6-inch blue stripe about halfway up the body of the vehicle.
On the evening of the crash, it was identified as a vehicle seen numerous times on the Westside, troopers said.
Troopers said the van headed east on Timuquana Road just west of Seaboard Avenue about 10 p.m. Thursday struck 46-year-old Kinley Collard, who was walking east on Timuquana. The van then left the scene.
Anyone with any information about the vehicle or its driver is asked to call the Florida Highway Patrol at 904-695-4000.


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The Global Wake-Up Call Is here!
On 21 September 2009, at more than 2600 events in 135 countries across the globe, we joined together to issue a deafening wake-up call to world leaders on climate change. The breadth and creativity of events is breathtaking, and our message broke through to leaders and international media. Watch the video of highlights, then post a comment to the live blog below!
Click video to watch - made by Avaaz, Mighty Pictures and Found Object Films.
Note: A 30-second version of this video aired at the Sept 21-22 Age of Stupid premiere, for a worldwide estimated audience of 1 million!
Post a comment—and if you went to an event, fill out this survey and email photos or video to firstname.lastname@example.com. To make a follow-up climate wake-up call to your leader, click here to find the number. And after you get a good look at the massive global movement we're building together, take a moment to donate (even a very small amount helps!) so that, together, we can keep it all going. This is just the beginning!
Post a comment!
Please mention what country you're from! For more languages, scroll down and click the globe icon.
The Wake-Up Call Was Heard
Video of British prime minister taking a call from a flashmob - the EU's environment commissioner and the environment ministers of Australia, Spain and other countries also responded.
Global Wakeup Call Photo Album
Photos from events around the world


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More rain means river flooding in some communities
Businesses begin sandbagging
Businesses near rivers in several southeastern Wisconsin communities are preparing for flooding.
"Well, I think the patio will go underwater," Fiddleheads coffee shop owner Ray Marcy said.
Its patio is practically sitting on the Milwaukee River in Thiensville and he said he expects at some point Thursday, it will be for sure as the river rises another 2 feet.
"Well, we've got the Milwaukee River here doing its thing. We're at 10 feet 8 inches here now, and it's going to rise at least another 2 feet, so that will take us to flood stage, and we're just getting ready with the sand bags to protect Fiddleheads here," Marcy said. "We'll build this up to about 4 feet, and we should be fine based on current estimates."
The village of Thiensville is supplying businesses and residents with sand and shovels.
Officials said they believe it will be enough to keep people safe and prevent any serious damage to property.
Meanwhile, about 45 minutes north, the swollen Sheboygan River running through the town of Johnsonville is rising.
"Mother Nature has thrown us a bit of a curve ball," said Jason Lade of Johnsonville Sausage.
Lade manages the company's Riverside facility. The sand bags are ready there, too.
"The water is coming up pretty quickly. This is all about protecting ourselves, our members and our brand, so we are executing our plan that we have in place for crisis like this. We don't think it's going to be that bad of an issue, but we're doing the right things up front," Lade said.
Both communities said they are braced and prepared for whatever happens.


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Michael Jackson's family tried for years to stage interventions that would break the singer's downward spiral of drug use, but the King of Pop couldn't see he needed help, his sister Janet has revealed.
"I did [reach out]," Jackson told ABC News' Robin Roberts in a wide-ranging interview. "Of course, that's what you do. Those are the things that you do when you love someone. You can't just let them continue on that way. And we did a few times. We weren't very successful."
But Janet said the Jackson clan had no idea Michael was mixing a potentially lethal hospital sedative, propofol, with his regular cocktail of drugs.
U.S. & World
News from around the country and around the globe
"That was, that was a shocker to me and it just -- that's serious," Jackson said. "That's heavy. That's heavy. None of us knew to that extent."
She said she wished her brother were still around to answer the question: Was he in denial about his drug problem?
"I felt that he was in denial," she said. "You can't make 'em drink the water. ... I'm a true believer in prayer, a big believer in prayer -- but it's, it's something that you can't do for them. Something they have to do for themselves," she said.
As for Dr. Conrad Murray -- the doctor under investigation after Jackson's June 25 death was ruled a homicide, and who has admitted giving the Gloved One doses of propofol -- Janet said she hopes he's never allowed to practice medicine again.
In talking about her own life, the five-time Grammy winner said her first husband's addiction to prescription drugs broke up their union within three months.
Jackson also shot down rumors that she'd secretly married the latest man in her life, Jermaine Dupri, and confirmed their split.
"I adore him. Absolutely adore Jermaine," Jackson said. "Love him to death and we're still very good friends to this day. Very good friends, but that's all I'll say."
At 43, Jackson said she finally learned not to care what people think about her.
"You have no time for mess, no time for drama," she said.
Her new CD "Number Ones" has recently hit shelves as has "True You," Jackson's new tome about her weight struggles.


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Welcome to There Community!
There Community is a family oriented website that is dedicated to the members of There.com. If you have any problems please let us know.
Hey, download section is looking good!!
Thanks RK! If you have anymore downloads that you would like to share and help out I can add you to the list.
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Fluid Dynamic Siphons, Inc. is the global leader in the manufacture and distribution of dosing siphons. Since 1981 the company has offered the broadest bell siphon product line in the industry featuring the best designs and highest quality materials. Dosing siphons are employed to make soil absorption systems more effective and long-lived, and are also known as automatic bell siphons, siphon pumps, siphon valves, inverted siphons, and in British English as "dosing syphons". In addition to offering in stock siphons for sale, the company also provides design and manufacturing in custom siphon sizes for its bell siphon customers.
The companys siphons feature a bell and trap design. Products are molded using medium density polyethylene. The molded design feature provides:
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Dosing siphons are a key part of dosing sand filter fresh water systems to ensure the use of the entire sand filter.
Dosing siphons may be used to maintain minimum water velocities to provide sufficient scouring of sewage pipes.


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Porter(redirected from beer)
Also found in: Dictionary, Thesaurus, Medical, Acronyms, Idioms, Encyclopedia, Wikipedia.
Related to beer: bear
PORTER. The name of an ancient English officer who bore or carried a rod
before the justices. The door-keeper of the English parliament also bears
this name.
2. One who is employed as a common carrier to carry goods from one place to another in the same town, is also called a porter. Such person is in general answerable as a common carrier. Story, Bailm. Sec. 496.


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The Rim Fire burning on the outskirts and inside Yosemite National Park reached 80 percent containment on Wednesday morning, the 18th day of the blaze, despite the fact that it grew by about 1,500 acres.
Cal Fire spokesman Dave Berlant said the fire has now charred 237,341 acres, up from 235,841, or 368 square miles, the day before. A total of 4,100 firefighters are still surrounding the Stanislaus National Forest, where the fire started on Aug. 17.
Firefighters don't expect the fire to be fully contained until Sept. 20.
Even though all mandatory and voluntary evacuations have been lifted, more than 5,500 structures remain threatened. Highway 120 at the Yosemite National Park boundary west to Buck Meadows also remains closed.
There has been some speculation about the cause of the fire, including from one Twain Harte fire chief who says he suspects it may have started at an illegal marijuana grow camp at the Jawbone Ridge. But the U.S. Forest Service, which is the lead agency on the Rim Fire, has not offered an official determination on what sparked what has become the fourth largest wild fire in California history.
On Wednesday, Tuolumne County Sheriff Sgt. Scott Johnson told NBC Bay Area that his county is among the "top five" in California for illegal marijuana grow sites, and that teams have uncovered "a lot" of pot camps over the years near where the fire broke out.
Still, Johnson said it's "irresponsible" to speculate on what started the fire at this point. He suspects the fire chief's theory has attracted widespread attention thanks to his comments being captured on an Aug. 23 YouTube video of a community meeting, where he says illegal marijuana growers likely could have started the fire. The sheriff said he's been asked about the marijuana speculations from various news agencies, including the Mercury News, which first reported the story, CNN, CSNBC, Reuters, Canadian Broadcasting and "someone in France."
Todd McNeal, the chief, has not returned several calls by NBC Bay Area seeking comment about his remarks. On Wednesday, the National Interagency Fire Center confirmed there were no lightning strikes in the area of the fire when it broke out, ruling out that possibility.
MORE: Hetch Hetchy Reservoir Water Remains Safe for Drinking
Some public health and safety risks related to the Rim Fire have died down over the last 10 days or so. On Tuesday, San Francisco officials announced that the Hetch Hetchy Reservoir, located in Tuolumne County, is safe to drink despite being so close to the fire. The system provides drinking water to 2.5 million customers.
Two of three hydroelectric powerhouses that supply the Hetch Hetchy system - the Kirkwood and Holm turbines - were taken offline on Aug. 19 because they suffered some fire damage. But on Tuesday, the Kirkwood facility resumed activity, providing power after repairs were made over the weekend, according to San Francisco Public Utility Commission officials.
Holm is San Francisco's largest powerhouse and crews are still working to get it back online. But utility officials said at a news conference on Tuesday that the power supplies have never been disrupted because the Moccasin Powerhouse in Tuolumne County has been generating power throughout the blaze. Since the shutdowns,San Francisco has spent about $860,000 on buying alternative energy sources.
Check out an interactive map via Esri.com.


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Welcome to the Buckingham Presbyterian Church website. We hope this site will help you learn more about us and our witness for Christ. Buckingham Presbyterian has a tradition of outreach and service to its members and the community. We hope you will join us this Sunday to experience for yourself the fellowship of Christ.
Look at Our Photos
Come see a slideshow of our wonderful community, and get a glimpse of some of the many activities that take place at Buckingham Presbyterian.


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KenoClub - Game information
Objective of the game
The objective of the game is to complete a line of seven numbers as quickly as possible.
Basic rules of the game
1. Choose seven numbers yourself or purchase a random line.
2. Non-VIP players can purchase the 5th line for an additional fee.
3. The game draws seven numbers per draw. Once a ball enters the canister, the number is highlighted on your line(s). Numbers can be repeated over multiple draws.
4. Draws continue until there is a winner.
5. Each round a part of the stake goes towards the Super KenoPot. When the KenoPot reaches a certain amount the pot is unlocked and added to the game. This round will be the SuperKeno round. The SuperKeno round is played like any other round but the prizes are higher.


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Taking another look-back at the stats on this blog for the past month and the year (or at least since Blogger added Stats) has shown some interesting developments.
As I mentioned in my last look at the stats on this blog, I've been using Twitter to tweet about posts. I also started using Feedburner that will read the RSS feed and tweet the updates. Linking posts to Twitter, Facebook and LinkedIN has also driven traffic to the blog.
My top referring sites are Google, Find1Friend and Facebook. I was not familiar with Find1Friend, apparently it aggregates all social media.
The most popular search terms this year include:
- blogger : self-explanatory
- forrest chew salamonia indiana : Forrest is a member of my Chew family. I wish whoever searched for him would have contacted me.
- travis lemaster : who is looking for me? an old girlfriend?
- mary prevost : I have no idea how they found my blog through these search terms. There are no references to the Prevost surname here.
- lambertson and wilson families of new jersey and ohio : Yes! These are my people. Who are you? Why didn't you contact me?
There is now a new most popular post, GeneaLeaks, which rose quickly to the top after being highlighted by Randy Seaver over at Genea-Musings. Thanks, Randy! Clearly, being mentioned by a popular blogger will lead to page views.
Just in the past month, there have been three posts that have received a great deal of interest, quickly moving them up to the top of my popular posts. Once again, I find that once a post makes it to the sidebar as a popular post, it continues to receive more 'clicks'.
Besides the previously mentioned GeneaLeaks, other posts with recent popularity include Applying SWOT Analysis To Your Genealogy Research and Building My 2011 Research Template. I will be interested in seeing how 2011 stats pan out.
Thank you to everyone who has stopped by and commented on my blog posts. May you all have a productive research year in 2011!


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In response to the COVID-19 epidemic, Marriage Applications should now be filled out and mailed in. Please download the Marriage application along with the instructions found here.
Pickens County Probate Court is dedicated to providing the citizens of the county, personal
service with the compassion, fairness, and professionalism that they deserve. In addition, we
want to continue to prepare and safeguard complete and accurate records for the future.
Jurisdiction over:
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: What is Probate?
A: The root of the word Probate is "to prove." Probate means to examine proof of whether the
decedent left a valid Will. Informal Probate admits the will as valid without a hearing. Formal
Probate requires a hearing to confirm the validity of the will.
Q: How do I know if I need to go to Probate Court?
A: If a person dies owning any assets that need to be administered, you will need to contact
Probate Court.
Q: What if the deceased did not have a Will?
A: When someone dies without a will, his or her estate is called "intestate". In this case, the
law determines who inherits and who can be appointed the personal representative informally.
Q: How do I know if Pickens County is the correct Probate Court for me to call?
A: If the deceased was a permanent resident of Pickens County, was a non-resident holding
property in Pickens County, or had a right to take legal action in the county, the estate must
be processed through Pickens County Probate Court.
Q: Do I need an attorney to probate.
A: You may use the assistance of an attorney to probate informally or you may complete the
paper work yourself and meet with the Judge acting as your own attorney. For formal probate
or appointment, the services of an attorney are required. This involves the filing of a
Summons/Petition/filing fee and service of the pleadings on the interested parties. A hearing
will then be set for presentation of testimony.
Q: How does a personal representative get appointed?
A: If you are acting as your own attorney, obtain initial paperwork from the Probate Court
along with an explanation. If you have employed the services of an attorney, he/or she will
take care of this for you.
Procedures for Involuntary Commitment of the Mentally Ill
or Chemically Dependent Person
Q: What is an involuntary commitment?
A: If you have personal knowledge of a person who suffers from mental illness or chemical
dependence (alcohol or drug addiction) who is endangering himself or others and is unwilling
to get help, the person may need involuntary commitment at a facility for treatment.
If the need arises for an EMERGENCY COMMITMENT please contact the mental health
center in Easley located at 337 W. Main Street with phone #878-6830.
The Probate Court can only assist after the Mental Health Center has done an initial
screening. If the person is willing to be examined, a Detention Order is not needed. If the
person refuses to be examined, then you may bring the necessary documents issued to you
from the Mental Health Center to the Probate Court to seek an Order of Detention. This Order
allows the law enforcement officers to pick up the person and transport him/her to a doctor or
emergency room to be examined. Only a medical doctor can determine whether or not
commitment is necessary.
Q: What about emergencies on evenings, weekends or holidays?
A: If you have an emergency situation that occurs outside normal working hours, you need to
call The Mental Health Center at 878-6830. A person will answer the Crisis Line and advise
you of the procedures in order to get help for the person in need of assistance. They will call
the Probate Judge when needed.
Marriage License Requirements
Additional Requirements for Under Age 18
There is a twenty-four (24) hour waiting period in South Carolina from the time you
apply for the marriage license until the time the license can be issued. After the
waiting period has expired one of the contracting parties must return to pick up the
Once the Marriage License has been issued, the Marriage Ceremony must be performed
somewhere in the state of South Carolina.
The Probate Court Judge in Pickens County performs marriage ceremonies for Pickens County residents Monday-Friday for a $25.00 Cash fee.


text:
Reception and enquiries
Reception and enquiries
How can we help you?
About appointments
Register as a new patient
Getting help with
Keep us updated
Can't find what you're looking for?
Treatment Room
Treatment Room
Let's see what we can do…
Get immediate help with minor illnesses and injuries:
- Coughs
- Colds
- Headaches
- Flu
- Back pain
- Sprains
- Burns and scalds
- Animal bites
- Cuts and grazes
- Minor head injury
- Norovirus
- Cold Sores
Pharmacists can also advise on minor illnesses and injuries:
Alternatively you can visit your nearest Minor Injury Unit:
Welwyn Garden City
Tel: 01438 314333
Open 24 hours
Coreys Mill Lane
Tel: 01438 314333
Open 24 hours
King Arthur Court
Cheshunt, Waltham Cross
Hertfordshire EN 8XN
Tel: 01992 622157
8.00am – 8.00pm
Consulting room
Consulting room
How can we help you?
For Health reviews, including Asthma reviews and Smoking cessation please visit our Health Review and Assessment Clinic.
Call 111
Visit a Pharmacist
- No appointment necessary
- Many pharmacists have a confidential area
- Open till late and at weekends
Contact a Nurse
Book an appointment on the phone 01992 464147
Contact a Doctor
Book an appointment on the phone01992 464147
COVID-19 Support Room
COVID-19 Support Room
If you think you might have coronavirus or you've been in close contact with someone who has it visit NHS 111 online coronavirus service for advice.
Well-being while staying at home
Taking care of your mind as well as your body is really important while staying at home because of coronavirus (COVID-19).
Visit NHS Every Mind Matters for advice, practice advice and support groups.
If you cannot wait to see a doctor and feel unable to cope or keep yourself safe, it's important to get support.
Keeping Active
To stay fit and healthy whilst at home, try the NHS Home workout videos.
Advice for patients with pre-existing conditions
- Macmillan – Cancer and coronavirus
- Asthma UK – What to do if you have asthma
- Blood Cancer UK – Information for people affected by blood cancer
- Diabetes UK – Coronavirus and diabetes
- Kidney Care UK – Guidance for patients with kidney disease
Advice for Vulnerable Patients
- Guidance on shielding and protecting extremely vulnerable people
- How to get support for extremely critical vulnerable person
- Advice for people at higher risk – those who are 70 or older, are pregnant or have a condition that increases the risks from coronavirus.
- Pregnancy advice
Wellbeing Centre
Wellbeing Centre
Lets see what we can do…
Lister Hospital Prostate Cancer Support Group
We aim to provide non-professional mutual support, by inviting anybody who is or has been affected by this devastating illness, to join us at our meetings.
MacMillan Cancer Support
If you or someone you know has been diagnosed with cancer, we can help. Find out what to expect, get information, practical advice and support, hear from experts and read about other people's experiences.
Telephone: 0808 808 00 00
Website: www.macmillan.org.uk
Carers in Hertfordshire
Carers in Hertfordshire staff and volunteers work with and for carers, 1-1 and in groups.
We provide information, problem solving and support. We also arrange a variety of ways for carers to have a voice and influence service improvements.
Telephone: 01992 586969
Twitter: @carersinherts
Website: www.carersinherts.org.uk
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Headway Hertfordshire
We are here to help everyone in Hertfordshire who is affected by an acquired brain injury. If you have had a brain injury or are caring for someone who has.
Telephone: 0300 330 1455
Website: www.headway-herts.org.uk
Carers UK
They're here to make sure that no matter how complicated your query or your experience, you don't have to care alone.
Telephone: 020 7378 4999
Website: www.carersuk.org
Hoddesdon Health Visiting Team
The Health Visitors and Community Nursery Nursing Team are based at Hoddesdon Health Centre and work with families with children under 5 years old. They can help support you with health and social issues which may arise during family life.
Telephone: 01992 474682
Weekly clinics they run (listed below)
- Monday afternoon, Breast feeding clinic
- Tuesday morning, Well Baby Clinic
- Wednesday afternoon, Well baby Clinic
The Health Visitor always visits you after you have had a baby, and will invite you to bring your child to developmental assessments.
Some of the areas that the Health Visiting Team can offer support in are; new baby support, multiple birth support, postnatal depression, childhood obesity, child behavioural issues, eating problems, breast feeding.
MOGO Listings
Local activities and events for young people.
Website: www.mogolistings.org
Children's Social Care
Hertfordshire Coucil's Children's social care can assist with; reporting concerns about a child, adoption, fostering, young people in care and leaving care, special needs and children safeguarding.
Website: www.hertfordshire.gov.uk
Childhood illness visual guide
Use this visual guide to help you identify common conditions and illnesses that may affect your child. Includes conditions such as measles, slapped cheek syndrome, chicken pox and warts.
Website: www.nhs.uk
Vaccination planner
Download a personalised vaccination calendar, which highlights the dates your child needs to have their vaccinations by.
Download from: www.nhs.uk
Hertfordshire Health Walks
Walking is a really positive thing for your health and wellbeing. It has been shown that walking can prevent, help manage and also rehabilitate from illness. Hertfordshire Health Walks are an ideal way of taking regular exercise. There are local walks to suit all ages and abilities and it's completely free.
Walks take place weekly in Hertford, Bengeo, Ware, Stanstead Abbotts and Watton. They range from a 20-30 minute comfortable pace walk with plenty of stopping places, up to a more brisk 90-minute walk. Health Walks are the ideal opportunity to meet new people and explore your local area in a safe and supported way.
All you need to do get started is to turn up! No referral or pre-booking is required.
For more information and to sign up as a new walker visit the Health Walks website: www.hertfordshire.gov.uk
Herts Help
HertsHelp are a network of community organisations in Hertfordshire working together to listen and help you find independent support, guidance and information you need to get the most out of life.
Telephone: 0300 123 4044
Website: www.hertshelp.net
Email: email@example.com
East Herts Community Transport
East Herts Community Transport is a project of the CVS for Broxbourne and East Herts, aiming to facilitate community transport in the district. This includes a Community Car Scheme, run by the CVS as well as initiatives and options of other providers: door-to-door services, car schemes, minibuses for hire as well as other services that make life easier if you are struggling to get out and about.
Telephone: 0300 123 1677
Twitter: @EastHertsCT
Website: drivenbythecommunity.org.uk
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
MOGO Listings
Local activities and events for young people.
Website: www.mogolistings.org
Meetups in Hertford
Meetup brings people together in thousands of cities to do more of what they want to do in life.
Website: www.meetup.com
Waterford Womens Institute
We have fun, enjoying outings, coffee mornings and eating out as well as our monthly meetings.
Visitors and new members are welcomed.
Telephone: 01920 426569
Website: directory.hertfordshire.gov.uk
Family Lives
Family Lives work closely with local communities through their services for families, and a local network of volunteers. Find out what they're doing near you and how you can get involved.
Telephone: 01163 666087
Website: www.familylives.org.uk
Hertfordshire Cancer Support Group for Women
A group of about 70. The group objective is to continue to offer simple friendship and support, and to extend their reach to all women affected by cancer, whether that be breast cancer or any other cancer. The group has a varied programme of interesting and enjoyable talks, activities and outings all of which provide opportunities to get to know other women who may have had similar experiences and treatments. A Nurse usually attends the meetings to offer support. Membership of the group is free and is run by HCSGW by and for women affected by cancer.
Telephone: 01707 369211
Website: www.canceractive.com
Watton-at-Stone Sports Facilities
Most of the sports activities are centred on the village Sports Field (often referred to as the Meadow) which is located just off the High Street, opposite the Bull public house.
Website: www.watton-pc.org.uk
Activities held at Benington Village Hall
3 Walkern Road, Benington SG2 7LN
More details can be found in the Benington parish magazine.
Mondays Art Club: 10am – 2pm
Chair Exercises: 2:30pm – 4pm
Tuesdays Tuesday Club for over 60's: 2pm – 4pm on alternate weeks
Whist Club: 2pm – 4pm on alternate weeks
Badminton: 7:30am – 9:30am
Wednesday Yoga/Pilates: 10am – 11am
Thursday Coffee morning: 9am – 11:30am
Friday Badminton: 10am – 12pm
Jenny Cobb: 01438 869348
Hertfordshire MIND
Hertfordshire Mind Network is an independent charitable provider of mental health services. We work across Hertfordshire, offering support to anyone in the county who is over the age of 18 and facing a mental health problem, or caring for those who are.
Telephone: 0203 727 3600
Twitter: @HertsMind
Website: www.hertsmindnetwork.org
Email: email@example.com
Change, Grow, Live (CGL)
We provide help and support to adults, children, young people and families. Our services cover a wide variety of areas including health and wellbeing, substance use, mental health, criminal justice, domestic abuse and homelessness.
Facebook: changegrowlive
Twitter: @changegrowlive
Website: www.changegrowlive.org
Hertfordshire Partnership Wellbeing Service
The Wellbeing Service offers free and confidential talking therapy and practical support for Hertfordshire residents experiencing a wide range of mental health problems such as: worry, low mood, insomnia and stress.
We also provide support for carers, people who are struggling with the reality of living with long term physical health conditions or who are experiencing low mood and anxiety during or after pregnancy.
Facebook: HPFTWellbeing
Twitter: @HPFT_Wellbeing
Website: www.hpft.nhs.uk
Free anonymous online chat for young people to discuss your mental health issues.
Website: kooth.com
Rethink provide expert, accredited advice and information to everyone affected by mental health problems.
Telephone: 0300 5000 927
Website: www.rethink.org
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Samaritans offer a safe place for you to talk any time you like, in your own way – about whatever's getting to you. You don't have to be suicidal. Call Samaritans free, 24 hours a day 365 days a year.
Telephone: 116 123
Website: www.samaritans.org
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Spectrum - Hertford Drug & Alcohol Services
Spectrum – Hertford is a free and confidential drug and alcohol service for adults. Our Hertford service is also open to people living in Waltham Cross, Ware, Cheshunt and Bishops Stortford.
We will help you to make and sustain the changes you need to make to reduce and, ultimately, stop your drug and/or alcohol use. We aim to empower you to identify and realise your goals throughout your recovery journey, in order to live a healthier, safer life.
Telephone: 01992 500161
Website: www.changegrowlive.org
Email: email@example.com
Change, Grow, Live (CGL)
We provide help and support to adults, children, young people and families. Our services cover a wide variety of areas including health and wellbeing, substance use, mental health, criminal justice, domestic abuse and homelessness.
Facebook: changegrowlive
Twitter: @changegrowlive
Website: www.changegrowlive.org
Drinkaware Online Tools & Apps
Online trackers and apps from Drinkaware to help you avoid harm from alcohol.
Download from: www.drinkaware.co.uk
One You Drinks Tracker - Mobile App
Drinking a bit too much can sneak up on you. Our free drinks tracker app makes it easy to keep an eye on the booze and take control with daily tips and feedback.
Download from: play.google.com
Download from: itunes.apple.com
One You Days Off - Mobile App
The One You Days Off app is a simple and easy way to track the days you drink alcohol and the days you don't.
Download from: play.google.com
Download from: itunes.apple.com
The Living Room Hertfordshire
Our treatment centres in Stevenage and St Albans provides free intensive structured, abstinence-based, day treatment for adults with substance addictions: alcohol and illicit and non-illicit drugs and behavioural addictions such as: eating disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, self-harm, gambling, shopping/spending, relationships, love and sex); free crèche childcare (Stevenage based); and free therapy and support for family and friends. in addition we have a variety of outreach projects in areas of need.
Telephone: 01438 355649
Facebook: LivingRoomHerts
Twitter: @livingroomherts
Website: livingroomherts.org
Talk to Frank
If you have a problem with drugs Talk to Frank for friendly, confidential drugs advice.
Telephone: 0300 123 6600
Text: 82111
Website: www.talktofrank.com
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Alcoholics Anonymous
Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) is a fellowship of men and women who share their experience, strength and hope with each other that they may solve their common problem and help others to recover from alcoholism. The only requirement for membership is a desire to stop drinking.
Telephone: 0800 917 7650
Website: www.alcoholics-anonymous.org.uk
Email: email@example.com
If you're worried about your own or someone else's drinking, you can call this free helpline, in complete confidence.
Telephone: 0300 123 1110
Hertfordshire Domestic Abuse Helpline
Herts Domestic Abuse Helpline is a confidential, free, support and signposting service for anyone affected by domestic abuse.
Telephone: 08 088 088 088 (calling this line will not show up on your phone bill)
Website: www.hertsdomesticabusehelpline.org
Safer Places
Safer Places is an independent charity which provides a comprehensive range of services to adults and children affected by domestic and sexual abuse who live in west Essex, mid Essex, east Hertfordshire and Southend.
Telephone: 03301 025811
Twitter: @saferplacesuk
Website: www.saferplaces.co.uk
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Herts Help
HertsHelp are a network of community organisations in Hertfordshire working together to listen and help you find independent support, guidance and information you need to get the most out of life.
Telephone: 0300 123 4044
Website: www.hertshelp.net
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Hertswise - the dementia support service
The Hertswise dementia service is there to support people with dementia, low-level memory loss or mild cognitive impairment as well as their friends, family and carers.
The service is provided by Age UK Hertfordshire, the Hertfordshire Independent Living Service, Herts Mind Network, Carers in Herts and other community and voluntary groups.
Telephone: 0300 123 4044
Website: www.ageuk.org.uk/hertfordshire
Hertfordshire Adult Social Services
There are a number of Social services available to adults across Hertfordshire, for more information and who to contact please visit the Hertfordshire County Council Website.
Transport for Older People and Disabled People
There are a number of options for transportation within Hertfordshire, for more information and access to services please visit the Hertfordshire County Council website.
Red Cross - Mobility aids
The British Red Cross mobility aids service provide short-term loans of wheelchairs and toilet aids in Bedfordshire, Hertfordshire and Essex.
Telephone: 01992 585974
Website: www.redcross.org.uk
East Herts Community Transport
East Herts Community Transport is a project of the CVS for Broxbourne and East Herts, aiming to facilitate community transport in the district. This includes a Community Car Scheme, run by the CVS as well as initiatives and options of other providers: door-to-door services, car schemes, minibuses for hire as well as other services that make life easier if you are struggling to get out and about.
Telephone: 0300 123 1677
Twitter: @EastHertsCT
Website: drivenbythecommunity.org.uk
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Hearing Advisory Service (a service run by an outside organisation)
As the Hertfordshire Hearing Advisory Service is experiencing increasing demand on its services it has been necessary for them to review many clinics/visits to GP Surgeries to manage their service more effectively.
It is with regret that with effect from January 2020 they ceased visiting Hanscombe House Surgery and therefore no longer provide the monthly on-site Tuesday afternoon Hearing Advisory Service Clinic.
Patients are able to go the following places:
- The Herford Hospital every Thursday between 9am to 12 noon, no appointment necessary – this is for retubing and batteries
- Hoddesdon Health Centre, High Street, EN11 9AN between 10am to 12 noon on 2nd Tuesday of each month
- Ware, Bowling Road Clinic, Bowling Road, SG12 7EF between 13:30 to 15:00 hours on 2nd Tuesday of each month
All the dates of their clinics where hearing aids can be retubed can be found on the following website www.hhas.org.uk If patients need batteries they can be obtained by sending a stamped addressed envelope to either Audiology or to Hertfordshire Hearing Advisory Service (at the above address), with a large postage stamp or two standard stamps, giving the information of size of battery.
Woodside Centre, The Commons, Welwyn Garden City, AL7 4SE
Telephone: 01707 324 582
Fax: 01707 390 644
Text: 01707 375 486
Email: email@example.com
Silver Line
Free phone support for older people, 24 hours a day.
Telephone: 0800 4708 090
Website: www.thesilverline.org.uk
Dementia UK offers specialist one-to-one support and expert advice for people living with dementia.
Telephone: 0800 888 6678
Website: www.dementiauk.org
Age UK
Age UK is the country's largest charity dedicated to helping everyone make the most of later life. We believe in a world where everyone can love later life and we work every day to achieve this.
Telephone: 0800 169 2081
Website: www.ageuk.org.uk
Isabel Hospice
Isabel Hospice provides free palliative care and support for patients and their families living with cancer and other life-limiting illnesses such as MND, end stage renal conditions, end stage heart conditions, respiratory conditions or other neurological conditions, throughout eastern Hertfordshire.
Telephone: 01707 382575
Facebook: isabelhospice
Twitter: @isabelhospice
Website: www.isabelhospice.org.uk
Lister Hospital End-of-Life Care Services
The Lister Hospital Palliative and end-of-life care services work solely with patients who have life-limiting illnesses and offer; advice, information to patients and families including financial matters, emotional and psychological support, referrals to community services and bereavement support. For full details please visit the website link below.
Telephone: 01438 284035
Website: www.enherts-tr.nhs.uk
Early Bird Self-Referral
You can self-refer to the Early Bird service from as early as five weeks pregnant. You will be sent a letter offering you an appointment within 10 working days, please read the information contained within the screening leaflet before you come to your appointment.
Self-refer: www.enherts-tr.nhs.uk
East and North Hertfordshire Maternity Unit
The Lister's Diamond Jubilee Maternity Unit opened in October 2011 and sees over 5,500 babies born every year. Our aim is to assist you to have a safe pregnancy and a healthy happy baby.
Website: www.enherts-tr.nhs.uk
Postnatal Depression - Wellbeing Service
We provide support for carers, people who are struggling with the reality of living with long term physical health conditions or who are experiencing low mood and anxiety during or after pregnancy.
For Urgent Support Telephone: 0300 777 0707
Facebook: HPFTWellbeing
Twitter: @HPFT_Wellbeing
Website: www.hpft.nhs.uk
Baby Buddy App
Baby Buddy is an award winning mobile phone app for new parents and parents-to-be, created by mums, doctors and midwives.
Download from: play.google.com
Download from: itunes.apple.com
Sexual Health Hertfordshire
All our services are free and confidential to everyone regardless of age or gender. We have clinics across Hertfordshire.
Telephone: 0300 008 5522
Health For Teens: Sexual Health
Health for Teens introduces a new and different way for young people aged 11-19 to learn about their health.
Website: www.healthforteens.co.uk
National Sexual Health Helpline
If you would like to talk to someone about a sexual health issue, you can call the national sexual health helpline. Your call will be treated with sensitivity and in strict confidence. The Sexual Health Helpline is open from 9am-8pm, Monday-Friday.
Telephone: 0300 123 7123
Website: www.nhs.uk/oneyou
Family Planning Association
They are a sexual health charity. They give straightforward information and support on sexual health, sex and relationships to everyone in the UK.
Telephone: 0300 123 7123
Website: www.fpa.org.uk
Brook provides free and confidential sexual health and wellbeing services for nearly 250,000 young people UK-wide, each year.
Website: www.brook.org.uk
Smokefree Hertfordshire
The Hertfordshire Stop Smoking Service offers free professional specialist advice and support to smokers. This increases your chance of stopping smoking by up to four times.
Telephone: 0800 389 3998 or 01442 453071
Text: SMOKEFREE to 80818
Website: www.enhertsccg.nhs.uk
Quit with help
Everyone has a different reason for quitting, get a personalised Quit Smoking Plan.
Website: www.quitwithhelp.co.uk
NHS Smokefree - Mobile App
The Smokefree app can help you stop smoking by providing daily support and motivation. If you stay smokefree for the 4-week programme you're up to five times more likely to stay quit for good.
Download from: play.google.com
Download from: itunes.apple.com
Am I a Healthy Weight?
Calculation your BMI using this NHS Tool
Website: www.nhs.uk
Hertfordshire Health Walks
Walking is a really positive thing for your health and wellbeing. It has been shown that walking can prevent, help manage and also rehabilitate from illness. Hertfordshire Health Walks are an ideal way of taking regular exercise. There are local walks to suit all ages and abilities and it's completely free.
Walks take place weekly in Hertford, Bengeo, Ware, Stanstead Abbotts and Watton. They range from a 20-30 minute comfortable pace walk with plenty of stopping places, up to a more brisk 90-minute walk. Health Walks are the ideal opportunity to meet new people and explore your local area in a safe and supported way.
All you need to do get started is to turn up! No referral or pre-booking is required.
For more information and to sign up as a new walker visit the Health Walks website: www.hertfordshire.gov.uk
One You Couch to 5K - Mobile App
The Couch to 5K app has been designed to get you off the couch and running in just 9 weeks. Grab your trainers, download the app and follow the step-by-step instructions.
Download from: play.google.com
Download from: itunes.apple.com
Hertfordshire Health Walks
Our countywide initiative of free, led walks aims to encourage people of all ages and abilities to get outdoors, get more active and reap the benefits.
Website: www.hertfordshire.gov.uk
One You Easy Meals - Mobile App
The free Easy Meals app is a great way to eat foods that are healthier for you. You'll find delicious, easy meal ideas to help get you going if you're ever short of inspiration.
Download from: play.google.com
Download from: itunes.apple.com
NHS Weight Loss Guide
Our new 12 week weight loss guide combines advice on healthier eating and physical activity.
You get a brilliant information pack for each week of the plan, which is full of advice and tips, plus a brilliant stick-it-on-the-fridge planner to help you track your weekly progress.
Website: www.nhs.uk/livewell
Be Smart Food - Mobile App
Simply scan the barcode of your food and drink to find out what's inside.
You'll also get loads of simple hints and tips to help you make healthier choices, plus food detective activities for the kids and fun mini-mission ideas for the whole family.
Download from: play.google.com
Download from: itunes.apple.com
Weight Watchers
Meetings, Online or a little bit of both. We've got options and support, whatever your lifestyle.
Website: www.weightwatchers.com
Slimming World
You'll find delicious recipe and menu ideas at your local group, along with all the help you need to get started and reach your target weight.
Website: www.slimmingworld.co.uk
Health Review and Assessment Clinic
Health Review and Assessment Clinic
Here we can help you monitor your condition
More than one condition?
Health Reviews
Prescriptions and medicines centre
Prescriptions and medicines centre
How can we help you?
Local Pharmacies
- Boots Pharmacy
01992 550517, 17 Bircherley Grn
- Tesco In-Store Pharmacy
0345 677 9347, Tesco, Ware Road
- Well Hertford Pharmacy
01992 582083, 14 Maidenhead Street
- Sheffield Pharmacy
01992 582965, 54 Fore Street
- Lloyds Pharmacy
01992 528001, 5-7 St Andrew Street
- St Andrews Pharmacy
01992 589463, 44a St Andrews Street
- Crescent Pharmacy Ltd
01992 534299, 2 Fleming Crescent
- Avenue Pharmacy
01992 581001, 73 The Avenue
- View more local pharmacies


text:
Behind closed doors, it is a conversation that has been taking place with increasing urgency on Wall Street in recent years: making money is good, but is making more money always better, even if it comes at the expense of clients?
That question is now out in the open, exposed anew by an Op-Ed article in The New York Times on Wednesday by Greg Smith of Goldman Sachs. It could reignite public suspicion that the culture of Wall Street has swung so sharply to the short-term side of the ledger that clients have not been coming in first, or even second, but dead last.
Even bankers who disagreed with Mr. Smith's conclusions said the piece had struck a chord because it stirred up their own doubts, especially in the wake of the financial crisis. It is a sign of this anxiety that since then, one giant firm after another has publicly proclaimed it is putting clients first.
That much-advertised claim stands in sharp contrast to the world Mr. Smith depicted.
At meetings at Goldman, he wrote, "not one single minute is spent asking questions about how we can help clients," Mr. Smith wrote. "It's purely about how we can make the most possible money off of them. If you were an alien from Mars and sat in on one of these meetings, you would believe that a client's success or progress was not part of the thought process at all."
He warned, "People who care only about making money will not sustain this firm — or the trust of its clients — for very much longer."
Mr. Smith's criticism, much more than stories about bonuses or brickbats from the likes of Occupy Wall Street, could be especially painful for Wall Street now. There are still fresh memories of a Securities and Exchange Commission lawsuit filed in April 2010 accusing Goldman of fraud, after it sold clients complicated mortgage backed securities that later soured, and never mentioned that it had bet against them.
The parade of senior Goldman executives who testified before Congress after the case arose seemed to put a public face on what had been a broader sense of distrust of Wall Street in the aftermath of the financial crisis, focusing ever more attention on a firm whose patriarchs have always been adamant about having high standards.
Wall Street, of course, has always sought profits — but if greed were to be countenanced, it should be long-term greed, not short-term greed, in the words of Gus Levy, who led Goldman Sachs in the 1960s and '70s. With long-term greed, money was made with clients, not from them.
Nostalgic as it might seem, seasoned players at Goldman and other top-tier firms insist that there was a time when long-term greed was the order of the day, at least publicly and often privately, too. But over the last 25 years, as the incentive structure metamorphosed, longtime bankers and scholars say, Wall Street has been remade in ways that Mr. Levy would hardly recognize.
The shift in incentives has come after the evolution of the business itself, industry insiders and other experts said. Partnerships, where the leaders of the firm had their own fortunes on the line, became publicly traded giants. Proprietary trading evolved into a Midas-like source of money, challenging investment banking and client relationships. And with a free hand, thanks to Washington, investment banks could take on ever more risk, amplified by debt.
"When these firms changed from partnerships to public companies, the ethos changed dramatically," said Charles M. Elson, a professor of corporate governance at the University of Delaware. "The notion of client loyalty went out with the old structure. And as these became public companies, clients looked for the cheapest deal, and the firms looked for as many clients as possible."
With the rapid growth of proprietary trading beginning the 1980s, as firms used their own capital to make bets, a short-term mentality came to dominate firms, according to Mr. Elson. "You make a much bigger buck on a transaction than on the long-term relationship," he said. "You have profiteers as opposed to advisers."
Compensation followed. Before 1990, pay for the chief executives of financial firms were on par with those of chief executives of the largest traded companies, or even slightly lower.
By 2005 the pay was roughly 250 percent bigger on average, said Ariell Reshef, a professor of economics at the University of Virginia. Broadly speaking, between 1980 and 2005, bonuses and salaries in finance increased 70 percent more than average pay elsewhere.
To be sure, longtime bankers say, it is not as if short-term greed was absent in the past. It has been around since traders gathered under a buttonwood tree and founded the New York Stock Exchange in 1792. But the astounding size of Wall Street's biggest firms — and the fortunes to be made — have altered the calculus.
"When you've been around 40 years, you always say things were better back then," said David Dreman, a longtime money manager who oversees $5 billion in assets. "But it is different now. There have been enormous changes on Wall Street.
"It doesn't matter which bank — they sell the client what they make the most money on," said Mr. Dreman. "There's always been some of it but it's much more prevalent than it ever was. Unless the client is very sophisticated, the client gets clipped."
Other Wall Street insiders insisted Mr. Smith had it wrong, arguing that conflicts have always been part of the landscape, and that clients should be sophisticated enough to know that. "These aren't dumb people," said one billionaire hedge fund manager who insisted on anonymity because he didn't want to draw public attention.
The crucial element, he said, is to anticipate the conflicts, and if need be, use them to your advantage. "Find the one that has the biggest conflict and get him on your side," he said. "You want somebody who understands both sides. "The guy on both sides of the equation will find a deal to get the deal done," he added. "Is he getting his bread buttered on both sides? Who cares? Just get the deal done."
Wall Street could now pay a steep price for short-term thinking, experts said, even if salaries and behavior have not caught up with public disillusionment. Hemmed in by new regulations, the big banks are being forced to give up proprietary trading. Fewer graduates of elite Ivy League schools are choosing careers in finance. And the anger is spreading, seen not only in the Occupy Wall Street protests but also in the increasing distrust among the most affluent consumers.
Over all, the percentage of people who have little or no faith in the fairness of investment companies rose to 41 percent in 2011 from 26 percent in 2008, according to Yankelovich Monitor 2011. Only credit card companies, corporate chief executives, the federal government and lawyers fared worse. Even banks and insurance companies did better.
Nor is the outrage a matter of populist revolt. The feelings were identical in households whether they earned $100,000 or $50,000.
While Mr. Smith's career at Goldman is over, he insisted it was not too late for his former firm and the rest of Wall Street.
"Make the client the focal point of your business again," he wrote. "Without clients you will not make money. In fact, you will not exist. Weed out the morally bankrupt people, no matter how much money they make for the firm. And get the culture right again, so people want to work here for the right reasons."


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Hurricane Epsilon became the 14th storm of the 2005 hurricane season, a season that officially closed on December 1. Epsilon is the first storm since 1998 to reach hurricane-force winds, and is only the sixth December hurricane since record-keeping began back in 1851.
This achievement is just one more feather in the cap of the 2005 hurricane season which boasted 26 tropical storms and 14 hurricanes. Compared to the usual 10 storms per season (6 of which become hurricanes), 2005 was absolutely staggering both in terms of number of storms and the damage they caused. It makes me wonder if there are any plans to stick with 26 names for a season, or compile a longer list—especially given that the ferocity of the hurricane season is on the upswing.
And Epsilon brings the hurricane total to 14, above the forecast of 9 to 11 and the long-term average of just six. "It was the equivalent of more than two entire hurricane seasons over the course of one," said David Johnson, director of the US National Weather Service.
Cooling air and ocean currents suggest that Epsilon is the last storm of the year, but given that Epsilon strengthened when it was thought that it would weaken over cooler waters, it does tend to make one wonder.


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Here's another character for my game. It is about half and half Curvy maps and mesh sculpting - with the mesh sculpts made out of of merged lathes.
The trickiest bit was the shoulder guard, which I made by subtracting two lathes from a disc shape - first to make it hollow, then to cut it in half.
Rendered in Experimental Rendering Engine.
Creature Concept by Mack Sztaba.


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This event is for all new oyster gardeners to get the supplies and training necessary to grow their own oysters. There is a one-time start-up fee of $50 to help offset the cost of supplies.
During the two-hour workshop, you will learn about oyster ecology, the importance of oysters to the Chesapeake Bay, and how to care for your oyster garden. You will also construct four oyster gardening cages that you will use to grow your oysters.
Once the cages are finished, each registered participant will receive two bags (roughly one bushel, approximately 2,000 baby oysters) of oyster "spat on shell" to take home and care for over the fall, winter, and early spring months.
Once grown to adult size, gardeners will return their oysters to CBF for replanting onto a nearby sanctuary reef. The now hardy adult oysters will remain on the sanctuary where they can provide water quality and habitat benefits for the Chesapeake Bay.
If you are an oyster lover who is interested in being a foster parent for a few hundred baby oysters but need a location or the $50 to make it happen, please contact Patrick Beall at 443-482-2065 to learn how you can get involved with CBF's Gardening program though the "Adopt an Oyster Gardener" program.
For more information on water quality requirements and program specifics, please visit our Frequently Asked Questions page. See the complete list of workshop dates and locations. Feel free to choose the distribution location that works best for you.
For further questions and inquiries please reach out to Patrick Beall at firstname.lastname@example.com or 443-482-2065.
* Volunteers understand that all spat-on-shell provided by the Foundation remains the property of CBF and is to be returned at the end of the growing season.
[If you have technical difficulty registering, send an email to email@example.com and we'll get you registered asap.]


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PBA Senior Pepsi Open
Event Dates
From: Saturday, August 14, 2010
To: Tuesday, August 17, 2010
Host Center
Spare Time Lanes
2870 N Jasper Street
Decatur, IL 62526
(217) 875-3141
Tournament Schedule
Tournament Notes
PBA Lane Pattern
PBA Senior Pattern #3
Non-Member Meeting
A mandatory meeting for all non-members will be held 30 minutes prior to the first practice session.
Saturday, August 14
A squad practice from 9 -10 a.m.
B squad practice from 11:30 a.m.-12:30 p.m.
Pro Am squads at 2, 4 and 6 p.m. benefiting Race For The Cure
Sunday, August 15
A squad bowls eight games at 9 a.m.
B squad bowls eight games at 3 p.m.
Monday, August 16
B squad bowls eight games at 9 a.m.
A squad bowls eight games at 3 p.m.
Tuesday, August 17
Players qualifying 17-32 bowl (best of five) beginning at 9 a.m.
Winners and players qualifying 9-16 bowl (best of five) beginning at 11 a.m.
Winners and players qualifying 1-8 bowl (best of five) beginning at 2 p.m.
Round of 8 (best of three) begins at 6 p.m.
Round of 4 (one game) immediately following
Round of 2 (one game) immediately following
Standard Prize Fund
1st Place: $8,000
2nd Place: $4,500
3rd-4th Place: $3,000 each
5th-8th Place: $1,700 each
9th-16th Place: $1,300 each
17th-24th Place: $1,150 each
25th-32nd Place: $1,050 each
Remaining cash spots: $900 each
(10) "Super Senior" cash spots (Age 60+): $700 each
(Based On Entries)
Cash ratio is 1:3. If entries exceed 160 the ratio is 1:4 with a minimum of 53 cash spots.
Motor Home Information:
Parking will be available at the West side of the building. Hookups are not available.
Golf Note
Golf at Red Tail Run Golf Course is scheduled on August 13. The first tee time is at 11 a.m. The cost is $35.25. To sign up, contact Dave or Judy Soutar at (941) 545-3257 or email email@example.com.


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Avondale Auto Glass – What Should I know?
Simply put, this is glass that you would find in an automobile. Not too many know that in Avondale there are two major forms of auto glass. Each one is used on certain windows in the automobile. Both types of auto glass are more impact resistant and stronger than regular glass.
What Are the Different Kinds Of Windshield Replacement Avondale Services that are Available?
Laminated safety glass-this glass is generally used on a car's windshield. It is comprised of a couple of pieces of glass that has a slim layer of vinyl. The glass is then heated and pressed together in an autoclave, which is a type of oven. When this glass receives a tough impact it will shatter also but usually the shattered pieces will stick to the vinyl and not fall on the ground.
If the windshield just has a tiny vein or nick, the auto glass professional may be able to repair the tiny vein or nick to keep it from spreading further. The repair will generally take fewer than thirty minutes in Avondale. The vein or nick is cleaned thoroughly and dried. Resin is injected and a material like Mylar is used to hold it in place. The professional cures the resin by using an ultraviolet light.
What Should You Look For in a Windshield Service Specialist?
Automotive window replacement can be done by the novice if he or she takes their time and has some instruction. It doesn't require any special knowledge or expensive tools to replace car glass, but it does take patience! Here we will talk about replacing a fixed car glass that is bonded to the car body instead of being set into a removable frame.
If you are going to replace car glass that is not set in a frame, then you will basically have to "cut" the old glass out of the car. This procedure requires a few inexpensive tools that are often not in a common tool collection. You need a piece of piano wire to use as a saw, and a couple of inexpensive suction cup handles to lift out the old glass (if it is still in one piece) and to place the new glass into position without touching the edges of the glass.
The first step is to remove any molding that goes around the window. Molding can be attached in several different ways. It may be attached with some sort of clips, glued on, or may be just pushed onto a lip on the car body. This is one place where factory service information comes in handy! Some glass is flush-mounted with the exterior surface of the body and does not have any molding to remove. You also may need to remove one or more trim panels inside the car. Before starting to cut out the broken car window, apply tape to the car body all the way around the window to protect the paint. Next, use an awl to create a hole through the adhesive between the glass and the body. Then push a piece of piano wire through the hole, grab a helper to work the other end of the wire, and use a sawing motion to cut the adhesive all the way around the window. Once you have completely sawn all the way around the broken car window, use the suction cup handles to pull the glass out of the car body.
After the new adhesive has been applied and any recommended curing times have been observed, use the suction cup handles to install the new glass into position. Evenly press the glass into the adhesive until it is fully seated all the way around. Do not disturb the vehicle for several hours according to the adhesive instructions, and then be careful not to slam the doors and or drive on any excessively rough roads for several days until the adhesive has had time to fully bond with both surfaces.
That covers the general procedure for auto glass installation. Automotive window replacement can certainly be done by a driver that doesn't have any experience or training in this area, but some jobs are definitely easier than others! If this procedure doesn't sound like something you want to tackle yourself, there certainly isn't any shame in taking your car to an auto glass shop for a replacement, and most shops will even come to your home or workplace to do it for you.
Should You be Fixing Windshield Cracks?
Were you aware that the windshield provides up to 30% of a vehicle's structural strength. In the event of a crash or rollover, the windshield supports the roof and assists the airbags in deploying. Maintaining the windshield will help to ensure safety while operating the vehicle.
In everyday driving conditions, a chipped windshield can quickly turn into a safety hazard if the chip cracks suddenly. It is impossible to determine whether a chip will crack and cause greater issue, but if it is a large chip, chances are it will eventually cause a crack if it goes unrepaired.
A chipped windshield does not mean that the windshield needs to be replaced, but the chip should be repaired as soon as possible. There are several reasons why windshield chips should be repaired rather than ignored:
Glass repair may not be covered by all car insurance policies; avoiding the need for full replacement is the best choice. Repairing a chipped windshield in relatively inexpensive, with do-it-yourself kits starting around $10. Many places offer windshield chip repairs while you are getting an oil change. This can be a convenient way to repair a chipped windshield while having other work completed on the car.
There is no way to know for sure how long a chipped windshield will go without cracking, however it is best to avoid taking chances and have windshield chips repaired as soon as you notice them.


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|System: Xbox 360, PS3*, PC
|Dev: Spark Unlimited
|Pub: Capcom
|Release: August 27, 2013
|Players: 1
|Screen Resolution: 480p-1080p
|Blood, Mild Language, Violence
What puzzles me further about Lost Planet 3 is the fact that, with the exception of some janky minor animations, the visuals are quite good. The desolate landscape is littered with convincing weather effects, character models are detailed, and the camera appropriately positions itself as Jim makes his way through the wastes of E.D.N. III. Even the cockpit of the Rig is surprisingly detailed; a picture of Jim's wife attached to the window and hula-girl figure bouncing around as you defend yourself from the Akrid, among the other mechanical bells and whistles of this futuristic machine, bestows a sense of life upon the space. Cutscenes are especially well done, lending a little more credibility to the story of the game.
Also adding to the overall narrative experience is some pretty solid voice acting, at least from the main characters. Although there are a few minor characters that give laughable performances, for the most part, this section of the story formula is very well done. However, I did encounter one sound issue that was off-putting. During any fully rendered cutscene, the sound is weirdly grainy and thin, something that is not present in the rest of the game. The sound of any character in a cutscene is totally different from what they sound like in-game. It kind of took me out of the whole experience. But, outside of that, that audio of Lost Planet 3 is capable and does its job well.
The truly bewildering conundrum of Lost Planet 3 is that it could have easily been so much more. Aside from the borrowed gameplay mechanics, the story is solid and well acted, Visuals are above average, sound is mostly well done, and the switch between first-person mech and third-person keeps gameplay fairly fresh. Add to that boss fights with giant crab-like creatures in your mech, Pacific Rim style, and you would think that you would be playing a great game. But, alas, the adept portions of Lost Planet 3 never truly come together to deliver the experience that was so clearly intended, thus never achieving greatness. But, it ends up being a good experience if you have the patience to put up with the hindrances, which are many.
So, should you rush out and buy this game today? Probably not. But it does offer a fair amount of gameplay and a pretty well-rounded story that may be worth your time between other, more polished titles. However, you might want to wait for the price to drop, which it is sure to do.
Joshua Bruce
Contributing Writer
Date: August 30, 2013
Game Features:


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Adv Legal ResearchSLN #: 75322
Course Prefix: LAW-736
Course Section: 001
Credit Hours: 3
Instructor(s): DiFelice
Course Description:
This course will focus on a rigorous review of the basic print and electronic resources and strategies for conducting legal research, federal and state. Case law, statutes and legislative history, administrative rules and procedures and finding tools will all be covered. This course is labor intensive. The best way to learn to conduct effective legal research is to use the full range of tools available and then practice, practice, practice! Students will be in class two hours per week. The third class hour is given to account for the time you will spend on the various homework assignments.
Additional Information:
Credit Hours: 3
Grading Option: Letter Grade Only
Written Assignment: Yes
Graduation Writing Requirement: No
Flexible Writing Requirement: No
Skills Requirement: Yes
Experiential Learning: No
Special Withdrawal Course: No
Limited Enrollment Number: 15
Final Exam Given: No
Paper Or In-Class Presentation: No
Participation Points: No
Attendance Policy: Per Statement Of Student Policies
Additional Attendance Policy: No
* The law school has a policy that Is used To calculate credit hours. Please see the Statement of Student Policies.


text:
Read more about this artist:
(Croix des Bouquets)
Recycled steel oil-drum (16 1/2" h. x 18" w.), c.1970
Product Status:
I will be out of town for ten days beginning on July 24th. I will be receiving orders and responding to queries during that time but will not be shipping out before August 4th.
The Indigo Arts website has remained active during the widespread (and now intermittent) shutdowns due to the COVID-19 virus. We have had to limit our activities since the March 23rd "Stay at Home" order in Philadelphia. Under current rules I have been able to resume most operations but still must limit visitors to the gallery, by appointment only. I will be monitoring orders and responding to inquiries. I am now able to pack and ship most orders within a few days. Please stay safe!
(Croix des Bouquets)
Recycled steel oil-drum (16 1/2" h. x 18" w.), c.1970


text:
Reese Custom Daybed
1 Fabric
- Fabric Type: plain-weave
- Fabric Content: 100% polypropylene See fabric details and order free swatch
Narrow By:
2 Leg Finish:
Current Selections
A small-scale daybed with sophisticated style, Reese adds refinement with details like button tufting, precise welting and tall, tapered legs.
Details of Reese 85" Daybed
Product Details
- Dimensions: 85"w 34"d 24"h
- Inside Width: 75"w
- Seat Height: 19"h
- Seat Depth: 34"d
- Leg Height: 8"h
- Legs: all are removable
- Construction: benchmade hardwood frame with
- Seat Cushion: wrapped foam
- Back Cushion: foam and fiber
- Cushion Care: foam cushion
- Cushion Style: 2 seat, loose; tight back
- Warning: California residents Proposition 65
- Product Origin: made in Virginia
- Material Origin: United States and imported
- Item Number: 10009780
Material Details
- Leg Finish: Maple with charcoal stain
- Order free photo card
- Leg Finish: Maple with charcoal stain
- Order free photo card
- Colors may vary depending on your monitor and printer. For color accuracy, request a swatch.
Receive unlimited items for only $99 within 100 miles of our stores or $139 anywhere else in the contiguous United States. Plus enjoy free UPS shipping on hundreds of select items. Learn more: www.roomandboard.com/delivery
Cushion Details
Wrapped foam
- Eco-friendly, high-resiliency foam core wrapped in fiber padding, encased in ticking
- Offers a structured, supportive sit
- Creates a neat, tailored appearance
- Will soften with use, but designed to retain its shape
Made to the same high standards as all of our furniture, each one of our upholstery frames is built to last.
Kiln-dried, engineered hardwood
We use kiln-dried, engineered hardwood in all of our upholstery frames. Often used for structural beams, engineered hardwood is made by pressing thin layers of solid wood together. Kiln-drying removes moisture, minimizing seasonal expansion and contraction. This stable hardwood material resists warping and cracking for lasting durability.
Reinforced joinery
We reinforce every joint in our frames for added stability. Precision-cut parts interlock like puzzle pieces and are reinforced with eco-friendly glues, screws or staples and corner blocks. Reinforced joinery ensures your seating holds together, even with years of frequent use.
Sinuous coil
A sinuous coil suspension consists of s-shaped metal springs that are stretched across the frame. The coils are securely attached with clips that allow the metal to flex while still remaining supportive. Because each coil is independently attached to the frame, you'll barely feel it when someone sits down next to you.


text:
From now until April 9, you can win a free copy of the NEW GMAT Enhanced Score Report and the GMATPrep® Exam Pack 1 valued at US $74.94.
With diagnostics in GMAC's prep materials, score preview on test day, and now the Enhanced Score Report, you have the control to get the score you want.
The enhanced diagnostics in GMATPrep Exam Pack 1 will give you detailed information about your performance on your practice exams – from format and timing to section content and study tips, before you take the real exam.
Score Preview gives you more control reporting your score to schools. Preview your unofficial GMAT score at the test center, before deciding whether to report your score to schools or cancel it.
The new GMAT® Enhanced Score Report provides detailed analysis of your test performance, and makes it easy to see what question types you're spending the most time on, pinpointing your strengths and weaknesses by subject and section. Every test taker can use their report differently. If you're considering retaking the GMAT exam, your GMAT Enhanced Score Report can give you the information you need to reach your personal goals.
Enter to win your free copy today.


text:
Tommy Lou - Giraffe Pu55y [Unsigned Hype]
T reports "STRAIGHT TO YOUTUBE VIDEO TOMMY LOU "GIRAFFE PUSSY" PRODUCED BY HUSTLE BOI DIRECTED BY DOT INK "
Please click the "Report" button below if the video on this page is not working properly.
Comments will only be displayed by verified emails. No Spamming or Racism.


text:
'55' remains prime number for Seau
Do you think the Chargers should retire Junior Seau's No. 55 jersey?
Yes 97% (280)
No 3% (9)
289 total votes.
When: 6:30 p.m. Friday,
Gates open: 4:30
Parking lot opens: 2 p.m.
View the photo gallery: Junior Seau NFL 2
Bob Wick is a committee of one. He is the judge and jury of Chargers jerseys, the equipment manager responsible for submitting the orders and distributing the merchandise.
He's got your number and, if you're good enough, he's got your back.
Junior Seau was plenty good enough. Nearly 10 years since the iconic linebacker played his last game for the Chargers, on Dec. 29, 2002, Wick refuses to issue No. 55 to anyone else.
"First of all, he was a Hall of Fame player," Wick said. "He was probably the best defensive player the Chargers ever had. It was just (a matter of) respect for him being a great player, knowing he was going to be in the Hall of Fame eventually."
On the eve of the communal celebration of Seau's life at Qualcomm Stadium, Dan Fouts' No. 14 and Lance Alworth's No. 19 were the only numbers officially retired by the local football franchise.
That list ought to be longer — Ron Mix's No. 74 was once retired but pettily reissued after the Hall of Fame tackle signed with the
Barring an explicit order from upper management, Wick says Seau's No. 55 and LaDainian Tomlinson's No. 21 will remain off-limits at Chargers Park. Wick, whose tenure with the team dates to 1979, also wants to withhold No. 18 in honor of Charlie Joiner and is observing at least a temporary moratorium on issuing No. 68 (
Given the circumstances of Seau's death, and the important questions it has raised, the topic of numeric tributes seems almost trivial. If uniform numbers carried any intrinsic importance, the New York Yankees would not have assigned Babe Ruth's No. 3 to at least nine other players before belatedly removing it from circulation in 1948.
Yet short of a statue, the custom of retiring a uniform number comes pretty close to the pinnacle of athletic achievement on the local level. The modern athlete might play for several teams, and the great ones sometimes attain Hall of Fame status without a strong attachment to a single place. A retired number says you were not only special, you were ours.
Junior Seau spent three seasons with the
If Seau blindsided his hometown by signing with the Patriots four days after a bloated "graduation" ceremony at Chargers Park, if his personal flaws sometimes surfaced on police blotters, his fans were too grateful to bear grudges.
The tremendous outpouring of affection following Seau's suicide — the impromptu monuments that arose outside his home and his restaurant; Sunday's surfside "paddle-out" in Oceanside — suggested that the wandering linebacker had never really left his hometown; that he had been estranged but never a stranger; and that he was a Bolt to the bone.
"Probably my greatest moment with Junior was at the '94 Super Bowl," Bob Wick said. "The team came out of the tunnel (before the game) and Junior was the first guy out. He was twirling around, dancing. ...
"He was such a good guy: always positive, always smiling, always asking, 'What's up?' He was a nice guy about signing autographs, a hard worker. He'd be there early in the morning."
Seau could be vain. He liked his jerseys cut short to expose his muscular midriff, and he favored tight sleeves to enhance his biceps. If he was inclined to carry himself like the Big Man On Campus, though, that's what he was. Lesser Chargers would no sooner seek No. 55 than they would park in Dean Spanos' space.
"Veteran players, they would never ask for his number," Wick said. "Even if they did want that number, they knew it was Junior's. It's tough with 90-some players in camp — you have to double up on some numbers — but I don't even have any practice jerseys with that number on it."
Numerology is more superstition than science — and that may be generous — but
astronlogia.com ascribes mystical powers to No. 55, calling it a "combination of origin and annihilation." It says ancient Spartans used to sculpt the number onto metal boards before battle to signify victory and the death of enemies.
Here in San Diego, No. 55 signifies the life and the death of a legend. Junior Seau should take it with him.


text:
QODE™ Ultimate Keyboard Case for iPad (4th & 3rd Gen) and iPad 2
Reinvent your iPad experience
Sign up to receive more product information and to find out when the Ultimate Keyboard Case for iPad is available for purchase.
Thin, Lightweight Aluminum Design
With a base made of specially machined aluminum alloy, our iPad case with Keyboard offers outstanding durability while maintaining a slim profile. The keyboard is only 6.4 mm thin and the keyboard case weighs only 17 ounces to help maintain and highlight the iPad's thin, lightweight design.
Comfortable, Well-Spaced Keys for Faster Typing
The wireless keyboard for iPad employs large well-spaced TruType keys to deliver a laptop-like typing experience, helping you minimize errors and increase typing speed. With the Ultimate Keyboard Case, you'll make quick work of your emails, word processing, messaging, and other typing-intensive work. The keyboard also has built-in shortcut keys that allow for easy media control.
Folds Flat for Comfortable
Handheld Use
The Ultimate Keyboard Case snaps securely to your tablet, giving you a protective cover with iPad keyboard in one thin package. The case has AutoWake magnets that turn on your iPad when you open the cover and put it to sleep when you close it.
This iPad keyboard case also has innovative precision-hold magnets that secure your iPad in three different positions, so you can find the optimal angles for viewing and typing. When you don't need the keyboard, simply fold the cover back and you can use your iPad comfortably in handheld media mode for reading, watching movies, or playing games.
Bluetooth® Keyboard for iPad
The wireless keyboard pairs with your iPad via Bluetooth® 2.0, so you don't have to worry about plugging it in. It also turns on as soon as you place your iPad in one of three viewing positions and turns off when you're done using it, which saves battery life.
The built-in rechargeable battery runs for up to 160 hours between charges and up to 1,900 hours (or 6 months) when in standby mode. When you do need to charge it, the included USB-to-micro-USB cable makes charging easy.
SoundFlow Design Enhances Sound Quality
The keyboard's SoundFlow design directs your iPad's sound toward you, making the audio of music and movies more powerful and clear.
At A Glance:
- Wireless iPad keyboard and protective case in one
- Folds flat; the keyboard is only 6.4mm thin
- Three viewing angles with precision-hold magnets for stability
- TruType keys provide a laptop-like typing experience
- Offers 160 hours of battery life between charges
- SoundFlow design enhances iPad's audio clarity
Package Includes:
- Ultimate Keyboard Case
- USB-to-micro-USB Cable
- Quick Installation Guide
- Wireless iPad keyboard and protective case in one
- Bluetooth 2.0
- Folds flat; the keyboard is only 6.4mm thin
- Thin, Lightweight Aluminum Design weighs in at only 411 grams
- TruType keys provide a laptop-like typing experience
- Offers 160 hours of battery life between charges, 80 days at 2 hrs/day
- SoundFlow design enhances iPad's audio clarity
- Compatible with iPad 2, 3rd and 4th Generations
- 1-Year Limited Warranty
PC Magazine
Today's iPhone
The Gadgeteer
TIME.com Tech
Apple Insider
Harry McCracken
Fat Duck Tech
0 linksys.product.review.title.customer
- iPad 4th gen
- iPad 3rd gen
- iPad 2


text:
The Escape Hunt Experience Gold Coast is the first live escape game in Gold Coast. It is exciting, addictive, challenging, educational and above all, fun! Voyage back 100 years in time and play the part of a famous detective solving mysteries set in Gold Coast.
Can your team solve the mystery and escape the room in time?
You would need to use all your skills and wits as you go about gathering clues and solving puzzles in order to escape before time runs out! It's fantastic fun for all ages and ability levels, giving you memories you will treasure for many years!
Do book online or call in advance as their rooms could be fully booked!
|Cost AUD
|Valid From
|Indicative Prices
|$42 - $42
|Minimum of two people required. Discounts offered for 3 people and more.
|Opening Hours
|All year
|10am - 10pm
Note: Information on listed products and services are provided by the operator and were correct at the time of publishing. Rates are indicative based on the minimum and maximum available prices of products and services. Please visit the operator's website for further information. All prices quoted are in Australian dollars (AUD).