One of the most interesting and widespread biblical type scenes is that of bestowing a name. In fact, there are actually three main variations of this scene: (1) naming at birth, usually by one of the parents but occasionally by others: (2) the renaming of a person by God (i.e., Avram = Abraham) or by some other authority figure (i.e., Hoshea = Yehoshua); and (3) the creation of a nickname meant to accompany the person's main name (i.e., Gideon = Yeruba'al or Esau = Edom). The first two categories are commonly understood to describe the essence of the person. Adam was able to define the core identity of the animals by naming them (1) and an official name that a person receives is likewise meant to define his core identity. This is, for example, what Esau tells us about the name Ya'akov, after he finds that the latter has taken away his blessing: And he said: 'Is he not rightly named Ya'akov? For he has supplanted [which in Hebrew is related to the word Ya'akov] me these two times' (Gen. 27:36). In contrast, when a biblical figure receives a nickname, it simply describes a single event or characteristic and, as such, doesn't attempt to define the essence of who (or what) is named. Hence, it follows that although an essential name and a nickname can coexist, two essential names cannot. In most instances, these categories remain clear and distinct, but that is not always the case. The most significant blurring of this classification occurs in the case of Ya'akov-Yisrael. In that narrative, while Ya'akov appears to be granted a new name meant to supplant the old, it actually ends up being the addition of another name--though in this case one difficult to construe as a nickname. Thus, although Ya'akov is told that his name will now be Yisrael, the Torah continues to use the old name alongside the new. As pointed out by the Talmud (TB Berakhot 13a), it is not just a blurring of categories that is at stake here. The name change here is of a stronger form, similar to that of Abraham, wherein the biblical text seems to prohibit any further use of the name Ya'akov: And God said unto him: 'Thy name is Ya'akov: thy name shall not be called any more Ya'akov, but Yisrael shall be thy name'; and He called his name Yisrael (Gen. 35:10). In fact, this issue is hard to miss - for by occasionally using both names in very close proximity, the Torah seems to be making sure that we notice the coexistence of Ya'akov's old name alongside his new one. This anomaly is well worth our attention. Let us first look at the Talmud's answer to the question it raises about the apparent prohibition in the Bible to use the name Ya'akov once the patriarch's name was changed to Yisrael: "There is a difference in his case, because Scripture restored [the name Ya'akov] to him, as it is written (Gen. 36:2): And God spoke unto Yisrael in the visions of the night, and said, 'Ya'akov, Ya'akov'" (TB Berakhot 13a). In essence, the Talmud doesn't really answer the question that it poses. Rather, it appeals to authority by saying that, in the case of Ya'akov, the Torah itself reverts to the older name--and we must therefore assume that it is acceptable. Both this line of reasoning as well as the Talmud's elaboration, that the new name wasn't meant to replace the old one, appear to be ex post facto explanations. In other words, had we only read the narrative up to Ya'akov's name change, it is very unlikely that we would have had any reason to expect the name Ya'akov to ever reappear. However, once we continue to see the name Ya'akov used along with the newer one, Yisrael, we have no choice but to revise our understanding of the name change. Even more fundamentally, the Talmud doesn't explain why the use of the name Ya'akov is acceptable in view of the Torah's earlier proscription of the name. Thus, on some level, all that the Talmud seems to do is restate the facts without giving us any insight into how it is that these two essential names can coexist in one person. …


The use of neurophysiological tools in the information systems domain has received increased attention over the last decade. The Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences has helped provide a home for rigorously exploring such work through related minitracks and symposia. This paper reports on a panel presented at the 49th HICSS conference held in 2016 during a symposium organized to help orient interested researchers to the usefulness of cognitive neuroscience in IS research. This paper first introduces the rise in the IS discipline for integrating the methodologies and tools of cognitive neuroscience. It then presents individual viewpoints from the varying panel members at the symposium as they addressed questions of longevity, applicability, and next steps for the neuroIS subdiscipline. The four panel members included Alan Dennis, Angelika Dimoka, Allen Lee, and Ofir Turel.


One embodiment provides a method, comprising: receiving a speech input of a user to an audio receiver of an information handling apparatus; Identifying words contained in the speech input of the user using a processor; Determining whether any of the identified words leaves a command contained in the speech input of the user appear unclear using the processor; Accessing context data using the processor; Clearly make the command based on the context data using the processor; and committing a predetermined action according to the command using the processor. Other aspects are described and claimed.


Mammalian nerve growth factor (NGF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) are members of a protein family with perfectly conserved domains arranged around the cysteine residues thought to stabilize an invariant three-dimensional scaffold in addition to distinct sequence motifs that convey different neuronal functions. To study their structural and functional conservation during evolution, we have compared NGF and BDNF from a lower vertebrate, the teleost fi.sh Xiphophorus, with the mammalian homlogues. Genomic clones encoding fish NGF and BDNF were isolated by cross-hybridization using probes from the cloned mammalian factors. Fish NGF and BDNF were expressed by means of recombinant vaccinia viruses, purified, and their neuronal survival specificities for different classes of neurons were found to mirror those of the mammalian factors. The half-maximal survival concentration for chick sensory neurons was 60 pg/ml for both fish and mammalian purifi.ed recombinant BDNF. However, the activity ofrecombinant fish NGF on both chick sensory The basic building blocks of the nervaus system, the neurons, show remarkable morphological and functional similarities throughout the animal phyla. However, the regulatory mechanisms involved in the development of the nervaus systems at different evolutionary Ievels show different characteristics. In invertebrates, the development ofthe nervaus system is generally subjected to a rigid, genetically determined pattem of cell lineage (e.g., Sulston and Horvitz, 1977; Truman and Schwartz, 1982). In contrast, the development ofthe nervaus system ofvertebrates, particularly higher vertebrates, depends extensively on epigenetic mechanisms, i.e., interactions of neurons with other neurons and with nonneuronal cells (JaReceived September II, 1991; revised manuscript received January 8, 1992; accepted J anuary 14, 1992. Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. R. Götz at Max-P1anck-Institut for Psychiatry, Am Klopferspitz 18a, D-8033 Martinsried, F.R.G. The present address of Dr. M. Schart! is Biocenter, Department 432 and sympathetic neurons was 6 ng,lml, 75-fold lower than that of mouse NGF. The different functional conservation of NGF and BDNF is also reflected in their structures. The DNA-deduced amino acid sequences of processed mature fish NGF and BDNF showed, compared to mouse, 63% and 90% identity, respectively, indicating that NGF bad reached an optimized structure later than BDNF. The retrograde extrapolation of these data indicates that NGF and BDNF evolved at strikingly different rates ftom a common ancestral gene about 600 million years ago. By RNA gel blot anaJysis NGF mRNA was detected during late embryonie development; BDNF was present in adult brain.


OBJECTIVES
To develop a theoretical framework for understanding maternal perceptions of overweight and obesity in children.

METHOD
Semi-structured interviews with 12 mothers of overweight or obese children recruited via the paediatrician or local weight management group. Interviews were transcribed and analysed using Grounded Theory methodology.

RESULTS
Using Grounded Theory, a theoretical understanding of maternal perceptions of overweight and obesity in children was developed using the two over-arching core categories of 'Good mum/bad mum' and 'Resilience'.

CONCLUSION
Results supported findings uncovered in previous research and also expand on these findings by offering explanations about the psychological mechanisms that may mediate maternal misperceptions of overweight.


The exponential increase in the use of the Internet and the consequent growing need for higher bandwidth demand that the telecommunications industry expand the laid networks at a much faster rate. Optical fibre is the only transmission medium that has the potential of unlimited bandwidth and the ability to handle very high data rates.


The purpose of the research paper is the importance of branding products bearing one of the quality marks (European Union or national branding) and their recognition on the Croatian market. Marketing Quality Marks promoted by Croatian Agricultural Agency are: "Honey from our beautiful, Controlled quality, Croatian island product, Egg of Croatian farms, Meat of Croatian farms, Milk of Croatian farms". Quality Marks of the European Union for Agricultural and Food Products (Ministry of Agriculture) are: "Protected designation of origin, protected designation of geographical origin, Traditional specialty guaranteed". The Croatian Chamber of Commerce is behind the branding of products bearing the inscriptions "Croatian Quality and Original Croatian". Zagreb trademarks were protected as the intellectual property of a producer association: "Zagreb's fresh cow cheese (ZG sirek), Jagodica purgerica (Strawberry Purgerica), Zagreb pušlek, Zagreb cherry". Branding an agricultural product means creating a certain awareness among consumers, making it recognizable on the market. In order to achieve that, it is important to involve agricultural experts from the beginning of the production preparation process through soil treatments (strict control of chemical substances) and environmental protection. Methodology used is historical, analysis and synthesis as well as quantitative and qualitative primary research. Quantitative method was conducted through questionnaire distributed to random sample of Croatian consumers with response of 920 collected responses. The research shows how many users of quality agricultural products at the EU level or users of marketing quality labels at the Croatian level are familiar with the labels, whether the quality labels are sufficiently commercially promoted and how it influences consumers buying preferences. Qualitative research was conducted by interviewing Assistant Minister at Ministry of Agriculture and Deputy Head of City Office for Agriculture and Forestry at City of Zagreb. The research results show that promotion of national agricultural products with labels of quality is extremely important for consumers but still not sufficient and needs to be improved on all levels; by producers, Ministry of Agriculture, City of Zagreb and all stakeholders.


Abstract : This paper summarizes the current effort at the Air Force Research Laboratory at Edwards AFB in developing a general hybrid model for the studies of multi-scale, non-equilibrium plasmas with high energy density. The software is being designed using Object-Oriented methods for maximal flexibility, portability and easy maintenance. The paper describes the general approach used in the model development, some of the problems to be solved, architecture and parallelization strategies, and some of the methods currently or being implemented. While still a work in progress, the software is rapidly building capabilities and will be applied in fundamental simulations of various plasma discharges.


The Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem (CVRP), is a capacity constrained type of vehicle routing problem, which is widely studied with many real-world applications. Based on this problem there are many researches and proposed papers depend on different types of algorithms. However, genetic algorithm based methods are scarcely proposed in the literature. In this paper, genetic algorithms are examined to routing unmanned aerial vehicles as adapting to capacitated vehicle routing problems. Researches based on this problem with genetic algorithms are discussed and simulation results for CVRP with genetic algorithms are implemented. It is also presented and discussed with the experimental results and compared our method with the some well-known benchmark algorithms.


The 19-nor steroid, RU-486, has an affinity for progestin receptors, and is also a progesterone as shown in animal studies. RU-486 was administered orally in a dose of 200 mg a day for 4 consecutive days to 11 women aged 18-34 seeking 1st trimester abortion. Bleeding occurred, in most cases, on the 1st day, followed by expulsion on the 3rd day in 2 cases, on the 4th day in 3 cases, on the 5th day in 3 cases, and on the 8th day in 1 case. 2 patients failed to abort. There were no complications, and only 1 patient required blood transfusion. Normal ovarian activity resumed in all cases. RU-486 can also be used to induce menstruation when administered in a dose of 50 mg a day for 4 days beginning on the 22nd day of a normal cycle. The use of RU-486 as an abortifacient agent seems to be more effective than the use of massive doses of estrogen or of prostaglandins, and to be certainly less traumatic than curettage or vacuum aspiration. Contraindications to its use and potential side effects, especially hepatic, have still to be established.


Objective To observe the expression of P16 and P27 protein in hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods Immunohistochemical strepto-avidin- biotin-complex method was used to determine the expression of P16 and P27 protein in 61 hepatocellular carcinoma and 53 pericarcinomatous tissues. Results The expression rate of P16 was significantly lower in carcinomatous tissues than their pericarcinomatous tissues (P 0.05); the expression rate of P27 was significantly lower in carcinomatous tissues than their pericarcinomatous tissues (P 0.05). The expression of P16 and P27 decreased as the degree of differentiation decreased. Conclusion The expression of P16 and P27 may have correlation with histology differentiation degree and behavior of hepatocellular carcinoma. And it can be a reference marker to estimate the histology differentiation degree of hepatocellular carcinoma.


An ergonomic pointing device receives commands from a user for controlling an electronic device. The ergonomic pointing device generally comprises a shaft, a roller, and a frame. The shaft comprises a ground spring contact and two direction-sensing spring contacts. The roller is disposed around the shaft so that the roller is free to rotate about the longitudinal axis of the shaft. The inside of the roller comprises a conductive surface that is arranged to remain in electrical contact with the ground spring contact of the shaft throughout the entire revolution of the roller. The conductive surface is also arranged to alternately make and break electrical contact with the direction-sensing spring contacts during an entire revolution of the roller such that the direction and speed of the revolution of the roller can be determined. The shaft is free to move along the Z-axis but not to rotate about its longitudinal axis.


Parpose: to analyze the epidemiologic factors, clinical manifestations and forms of treatment of infection with papiloma virus. Method: all cases of condyloma acuminatum in children and adolescents assisted in the period from 1990 to 1995 in the Service of Children and Adolescent Gynecology were revised. We present the following data: age, diagnosis, clinical manifestations, sites of the lesions, transmission modes and treatment. Results: the average age of the 18 studied cases, was 6 years and 11 months (ranging from 2 to 15 years). The most common clinical manifestation was the presence of warts (61.1%). The lesions were located in the vulvoperineal area in 44.4% of the patients, and perianal and vulvar lesions were observed respectively in 27.8% and 22,2% of the cases. It was not possible to confirm the occurrence of sexual abuse or of condyloma lesions in the parents in 66.7% of the cases. Probable sexual abuse (not confirmed) was reported in 2 cases. The basic therapy was chemical cauterization. Conclusions: sexual abuse in children and adolescents with condyloma acuminatum should be investigated in spite of the existence of other transmission ways including auto- or heteroinoculation. The presentation forms at young age differ from those in adults, and thus an appropriate therapy for this is necessary for this population.


A structural multi-damages identification method was presented based on consensus data fusion, eigenvalue extraction by energy-damage and powerful pattern recognition function of ART2. The method can make full use of structural status information in different sites and recognize structural damages better. The traditional consensus data fusion algorithm was improved. The improved algorithm can overcome the shortcoming of the traditional consensus algorithm with two sensors, which has different confidence distance for different measuring precision. The supporting matrix was fuzzified, which can avoid the subjective error in determining the threshold value. Eigenvectors of multi-sensor measured data after fusion were constructed using eigenvalue extraction technology of energy-damage. ART2 network was adopted as the pattern recognition tool to identify structural multi-damages. The numerical simulation results of a five-layers frame structure show that the method can identify structural multi-damages and it is more robust, stable and adaptive.


Plasma-sprayed duplex thermal barrier coating systems prepared from two Y203-stabilized ZrO 2 powders of different particle sizes, at different substrate temperatures, were investigated. The coated samples were subjected to thermocyclic oxidation. Before and after thermocyclic oxidation, the microstructure and the residual stresses were analysed. Correlations between damage mechanisms and the states of residual stress are discussed. The thermocyclic oxidation caused the development of residual compressive stresses owing to the formation of an oxide layer between the metal and ceramic. This resulted in the initiation of surface-parallel cracks in those coatings with pronounced laminar porosity, whereas in the coatings with finely dispersed, spherical porosity, the formation of segmentation cracks perpendicular to the surface at high temperatures resulted in stress relaxation.


Polypropylene/polyolefin elastomer(POE)/inorganic particle ternary composites were produced by alloying and stuffing composite technology with twin screw extruder.Using POE as toughener,glass beads and nano CaCO3 as reinforcer,traditional toughen way was combined with new nano-inorganic reinforce and toughen technique.Morphogy and mechanical properties of the composites were also studied by SEM.


The present invention is described below: a) 10 to comprise a chain length of carbon atoms between 40, overall, partially neutralized or non-neutralized branched and / or unbranched at least one emulsifier a chosen from the group of saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acids, b) 10 with a chain length of carbon atoms of between 40 and 5 and comprises a 100 degree of ethoxylation between polyethoxylated at least one emulsifier B, and c) 10 to comprise a chain length of carbon atoms between 40 saturated and / or branched and / or unbranched fatty unsaturated selected from the group of fatty acid esters is selected from the group of alcohols, of at least one coemulsifier C, emulsifier system consisting of self-foaming and / or mousse comprising - on the type of cosmetic or dermatological preparations. Preparation may also be a lipid phase up to 30% by weight (relative to the total weight of the formulation), between 1 and 90% by volume (relative to the total volume of the preparation), air, oxygen, nitrogen, helium, argon, at least one gas selected from the group comprising nitrous oxide gas (N 2


The Tratado de Astrologia attributted to Enrique de Villena has been characterized by historians of science and philologists as representative of a period in which castilian astronomy declines. From a cultural approach, we propose to place this work in the context of practices, representations, discourses and objects linked to western esotericism that can be found in this period between christians, jews and muslims. Under this framework, Villena's production can be understood as a discursive tactic aimed at avoiding antimagic polemics in the court of John II of Castile.


Between 1963 and 1975 the annual number of suicides in England and Wales showed a sudden, unexpected decline from 5,714 to 3,693 at a time when suicide continued to increase in most other European countries. This appears to be the result of the progressive removal of carbon monoxide from the public gas supply. Accounting for more than 40 percent of suicides in 1963, suicide by domestic gas was all but eliminated by 1975. Few of those prevented from using gas appear to have found some other way of killing themselves. These findings suggest that suicide is an intentional act designed to bring an end to deep, though sometimes transient, despair, chosen when moral restraints against the behavior are weakened and when the person has ready access to a means of death that is neither too difficult nor repugnant. This view of suicide has implications for its prevention and, by analogy, for the prevention of crime. That blocking opportunities, even for deeply motivated acts, does not inevitably result in displacement has not been so clearly shown before, and the demonstration considerably strengthens the case for opportunity-reducing or "situational" means of crime control.


Vibrations due to mechanical excitation and internal and external fluid flow can cause fatigue in pipelines and leaks in fittings. A beam-based dynamic vibration absorber (beam DVA) is a device comprising an L-shaped beam with a concentrated mass at its free end that can be used to absorb and dissipate vibrations in the pipeline. In this paper, a mathematical equation is extracted to design the beam DVA using the dimensional analysis (DA) method and data recorded from 120 experimental tests. In the experimental studies, the pipes are fabricated in 1-inch, 2-inch, and 3-inch sizes. Each pipe is subjected to harmonic excitation at different frequencies, and the amplitude of vibration of the pipe is evaluated by changes in the geometric characteristics of beam DVA and concentrated mass. The proposed methodology is validated using the finite element method and simulation in the SIMULINK/MATLAB. The results showed that, out of the nine effective dimensionless parameters identified in pipe vibration control, mass ratio and stiffness ratio have the highest and lowest impacts on pipe vibration absorption, respectively.


Abstract The SLX1–SLX4 structure-specific endonuclease complex is involved in processing diverse DNA damage intermediates, including resolution of Holliday junctions, collapse of stalled replication forks and removal of DNA flaps. The nuclease subunit SLX1 is inactive on its own, but become activated upon binding to SLX4 via its conserved C-terminal domain (CCD). Yet, how the SLX1–SLX4 complex recognizes specific DNA structure and chooses cleavage sites remains unknown. Here we show, through a combination of structural, biochemical and computational analyses, that the SAP domain of SLX4 is critical for efficient and accurate processing of 5′-flap DNA. It binds the minor groove of DNA about one turn away from the flap junction, and the 5′-flap is implicated in binding the core domain of SLX1. This binding mode accounts for specific recognition of 5′-flap DNA and specification of cleavage site by the SLX1–SLX4 complex.


Solifenacin or a new process for the preparation of compositions containing salts thereof, and obtained by the production method, which contains a compound lower alkyl which may be substituted are added to quinuclidine 2-position of solifenacin, containing solifenacin or a salt thereof providing a composition. The compositions of the present invention, while containing solifenacin in high purity, specific unexpected compound to the preparation of the present invention is not contained only in an extremely low content, very favorable properties as a pharmaceutical bulk a.


We report a semitransparent, two-color, stacked organic light-emitting device (SOLED) with high efficiency, low drive voltage, and minimal color distortion. The SOLED emits light from both device surfaces. The external quantum efficiencies of the green and red stacked elements are 1% and 0.4%, respectively, where only the photons emitted from the substrate surface are collected. The drive voltage for the top stack element is decreased to ∼12 V by using a modified indium tin oxide thin film deposition process. Color distortion and angular dependence of the emission spectra are minimal.


Dedication, iv Acknowledgements, v About the companion website, vi Part 1 The background 1 How to use this book, 3 2 Taking a patient s history, 14 3 An introduction to examining your patient, 31 4 Patient documentation for minor injuries, 45 Part 2 The upper body 5 The neck, 59 6 The shoulder, 87 7 The elbow, 132 8 The wrist and hand, 169 Part 3 The lower body 9 The lower back and hip, 235 10 The knee and leg, 271 11 The ankle and foot, 327 Answers to multiple choice questions, 373 Index, 377


This paper describes Nicotiana plumbaginifolia Viviani as a newly naturalized species of plant to Taiwan. It was found in the northern region of Taiwan, and its population showed to have been increasing. There is a risk for this plant to become a potential ecological pest of the island.


Taking the gas field parts as a system, the uniformity of the gas field is designed hierarchaly. Firstly the structure of the extra-manifold air box is optimally designed so as to get a relatively uniform air input for each cell; then the influence on uniformity of gas channel types(straight, serpentine, interdigitated, single-inlet and mult-inlet), size and flow manner(co-flow and anti-flow), thickness, pore diameter, porosity and distribution of GDL (gas diffusion layer) is expressed in a set of equations; the variables are optimally designed through CFD software. Some conclusions are made as follows: the oxygen concentration reaching to the surface of the catalyst layer of the straight channel is the most uniform; decreasing the width, increasing the channel number and decreasing aptly the porosity and pore diameter of the GDL can improve the uniformity. The conclusions are helpful for the design of PEMFC.


P27 (CDKN1B) regulates cellular proliferation and senescence, and p27 deficiency in cancer is strongly correlated with poor prognosis of multiple cancer types. Understanding the mechanism of p27 loss in cancer and the consequences of restoring p27 levels is therefore critical for effective management during therapy. Here, SIRT1, a class III histone deacetylase (HDAC), is identified as an important regulator of p27 expression. Mechanistically, SIRT1 reduces p27 expression by decreasing p27 protein stability through the ubiquitin–proteasome pathway. In addition, SIRT1 silencing suppresses non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) proliferation and induces senescence in a p27-dependent manner. Furthermore, SIRT1 silencing dramatically suppresses tumor formation and proliferation in two distinct NSCLC xenograft mouse models. Collectively, these data demonstrate that not only SIRT1 is an important regulator of p27 but also SIRT inhibition induces senescence and antigrowth potential in lung cancer in vivo. Implications: SIRT1 is a key regulator of p27 protein levels and SIRT1 inhibition is a viable strategy for NSCLC therapy by means of p27 reactivation. Mol Cancer Res; 13(1); 41–49. 2014 AACR. Introduction Thep27 protein is amember of a family of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors (CDKI) and plays an important role in multiple fundamental cellular processes and in the pathogenesis of human malignancies, with roles in cell proliferation, cell senescence, cell differentiation, migration, and invasion (1). p27 is frequently inactivated in human cancers through accelerated proteolysis, and reduced p27 expression has been shown to be associated with poor prognosis in a variety of human malignancies (2), whereas restoration of p27 levels can inhibit tumor growth and progression (3, 4). Although it has been shown that p27 expression is regulated primarily at the posttranscriptional level (5–7), the mechanism of p27 reduction in cancer cells is still unclear. Identifying new pathways and molecules that regulate p27 expression is therefore critical for developing cancer treatments through restoration of p27 levels. SIRT1 is a NAD-dependent non-histone and histone deacetylase (HDAC) that has been reported to play an important role in a variety of physiologic processes including aging, DNA repair, apoptosis, and cell senescence (8–10). SIRT1 overexpression has been shown to be correlated with advanced stages or poor prognosis in many cancer types (11–13), and recently there is growing evidence strongly implicating an important role for SIRT1 in cancer growth and progression (14–19). In addition, several cellular proteins, such as p53, Foxo3, and E2F, have been identified to play an important role in SIRT1-mediated cancer cell survival (10). p53 has been shown as an important target of SIRT1 to suppress apoptosis (20); however, many studies show that SIRT1 regulates cancer cell growth regardless of p53 status (21–23). The specific mechanism of SIRT1 regulating cancer cell growth and survival is largely unknown. Recently, several studies have indicated that p27 may be a downstream target of SIRT1 (24, 25). In particular, it has been established that p27 downregulation is consistently associated with poor prognosis in non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC; refs. 26–28), and similarly, SIRT1 overexpression is significantly associated with unfavorable clinicopathologic factors, including high pathologic T-stage and lymph node metastasis in NSCLC (29, 30). Studies have also shown that SIRT1 inhibition suppresses NSCLC growth (25, 31–33), and SIRT1 knock-in in transgenic mice facilitates endothelial cell branching to increase vessel density and lung tumor growth (31). In addition, SIRT1 activation sensitizes lung cancer cells to the antitumor activity of cisplatin (34); in contrast, several other studies have shown that SIRT1 inhibition sensitizes lung and several other cancer types to the antitumor activity of cisplatin (19, 23, 30, 35–37). Despite these findings, it is largely unknown for the role of SIRT1 in NSCLC tumor growth and progression, and the relationship between SIRT1 and p27 in the control of NSCLC growth and progression has not been established. This study demonstrates for the first time that SIRT1 is a critical regulator of p27 reduction in NSCLC; it is shown that SIRT1 promotes p27 degradation through the ubiquitin–proteolysis pathway. We find that SIRT1 silencing or inhibition suppresses NSCLC proliferation and induces senescence CancerCenterandDepartmentofMedicine,BostonUniversitySchool of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts. The Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts. Note: Supplementary data for this article are available at Molecular Cancer Research Online (http://mcr.aacrjournals.org/). Corresponding Author: Y. Dai, Cancer Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 East Concord Street, L913, Boston, MA02118. Phone: 617-638-5650; Fax: 617-638-5609; E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com doi: 10.1158/1541-7786.MCR-14-0239 2014 American Association for Cancer Research. Molecular Cancer Research www.aacrjournals.org 41 on January 13, 2018. © 2015 American Association for Cancer Research. mcr.aacrjournals.org Downloaded from Published OnlineFirst August 20, 2014; DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.MCR-14-0239


A novel scheme capable of dynamic wavelength assignment and burst contention mitigation is proposed to achieve efficient optical burst flow grooming in the OpenFlow controlled LOBS-over-WSON network. Simulation and experiment verified its feasibility.


It is natural that the medical advertisement should be guaranteed as part of the basic commercial activities of medical institutions. However, the general public are non-specialist and they have less informed about medical care than medical specialists, and it is not easy to judge and select medical information. Also, if someone damaged by illegal medical advertising, it cannot be recovered to the original. In this regard, medical advertising has been legislated so that medical organizations can pre - screen the medical laws. However, In December 2015, after the Constitutional Court ruled unconstitutional preliminary censorship, it became virtually impossible to pre-screen. In recent years, illegal medical advertisement have been on the rise, and false and exaggerated medical advertising are increasing the damage to medical consumers. Therefore it is urgent to take countermeasures about this. Thus, this paper try to analyzes the characteristics of general commercial and other medical advertisements and looks for alternatives that can minimize the damage caused by illegal medical advertisements and institutional weaknesses by analyzing the regulatory trends in medical advertising.


On the application of computational group theory to the theory of groups by R. F. Morse A classification of certain maximal subgroups of alternating groups by B. Benesh On the nonabelian tensor squares of free nilpotent groups of finite rank by R. D. Blyth, P. Moravec, and R. F. Morse Investigating $p$-groups by coclass with GAP by H. Dietrich, B. Eick, and D. Feichtenschlager Homological algebra programming by G. Ellis Groups with a finite covering by siomorphic abelian subgroups by T. S. Foguel and M. F. Ragland On some subnormality conditions in metabelian groups by D. Garrison and L.-C. Kappe Normalizer calculation using automorphisms by A. Hulpke Group theory in SAGE by D. Joyner and D. Kohel Simultaneous constructions of the sporadic groups $\mathsf{Co_2}$ and $\mathsf{Fi_{22}}$ by H. K. Kim and G. O. Michler Constructing simple groups from irreducible subgroups of $GL_n(2)$ by G. O. Michler Dickson polynomials and the norm map between the Hecke algebras of Gelfand-Graev representations by J. G. Rainbolt On orbit equivalent, two-step imprimitive permutation groups by A. Seress and K. Yang.


A decade ago you might have heard the question asked, "Is the SMAS of value in rejuvination of the face and neck?"Today there is no doubt that the SMAS vector components, used in a carefully planned manner, can achieve the restoration of a beautiful neck and face. Utilization of the SMAS to return the fat to a more superior, youthful position is essential to achieving a youthful appearance. In addition to using the sling of the SMAS in a vertical direction for support in the submental area, careful planning of the vectors is necessary to change the diagonal nasojugal groove to the youthful horizontal position, flatten the upper and lower portions of the nasolabial fold, give support to the orbital septum and periorbital fat, and takes tension off the skin closure, which is of great assistance in minimizing the detectability of surgery. This article discusses the precise artistic goals necessary in using the SMAS and how the detailed anatomical planning of the SMAS vectors can achieve the contours of youth.


Stress-related variables were analyzed as possible predictors of role strain among a sample of married college women. The exploratory study was conducted among married women students in an urban university's home economics-related department. Findings are suggestive of potentially stressful concerns to women students which advisors and counselors may wish to pursue both in counseling sessions and additional research studies.


Objective: Several studies have examined the association between the GCK -30G>A polymorphism and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, inferences from these studies are hindered by their limited statistical power and conflicting results. The aim of this meta-analysis is to provide a relatively comprehensive picture of the association of the GCK -30G>A polymorphism with GDM and T2DM risk. Methods: A literature search for eligible studies published before August 15, 2013, was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure). Pooled odds ratios with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals were used to evaluate the strength of the association under a fixed- or random-effect model according to heterogeneity test results. All analyses were performed using Stata software, version 12.0. Results: Eighteen case–control studies from 17 published reports were included in this meta-analysis wit...


Acoustic model combination (AMOC) is an active research area. Model combination techniques are critical for many automatic speech recognition (ASR) scenarios, and provide frameworks to combine diverse acoustic models to boost ASR performance. We scope this work in the broad framework of AMOC, and present static and dynamic state combinations of acoustic models. We motivate and rationalize the benefits from our combination techniques, and present many applications and extensions. We apply our work in the context of combining a generic and a scenario-specific (dedicated) acoustic model; we train the proposed model with an ASR objective to best align with ASR performance. We conduct our experiments on large-vocabulary ASR task with over 30k hours of training data. Compared to generic model, we demonstrate a strong 6% word error relative reduction (WERR) in average across a variety of tasks, and specifically 25% and 8% WERR for far-field speaker and an emerging car scenario.


The quadratic force field of the formamide molecule was calculated by the RHF and MP2(full) methods using basis sets from 6-31G(d) to 6-311G(3df,2p). For the first time, the IR spectra of six gaseous and matrix-isolated formamide isotopomers available from the literature were analyzed on the assumption of C s molecular symmetry using the Pulay scaling procedure. Fitting theoretical frequency values to a set of 43 fundamentals was performed by refining 11 scale factors for seven quadratic force field models. A reliable matrix of formamide force constants could only be obtained taking into account electron correlation and using an extended basis set including polarization f functions for heavy core atoms. For out-of-plane vibrations, the inclusion of electron correlation was much less important than the introduction off functions into the basis set.


Aiming at the building noise problems nowadays people pay more attention to,this article launches elaborations on the production reasons and diffuse mechanism and the harms in architectural water and wastewater system and so on,and proposes the corresponding control countermeasures to the different production sources.


Major Cardiovascular Events Men who received testosterone therapy for an average of about 22 months did not experience a greater number of major adverse cardiac events compared with those who received a placebo, based on results from a randomized clinical trial that enrolled 5246 patients aged 45 to 80 years. All participants had low levels of testosterone as well as symptoms of underfunctioning gonads—such as decreased libido, low mood, or loss of body hair—in addition to a preexisting or high risk of cardiovascular disease.


As a polling method,residents' sense of security investigation is a quantitative and qualitative research methods for recording fear feeling of crime victimization. Carried out successfully,residents' sense of security investigation is conducive to the police decision-making concerning " police for the people" and has realistic meanings in making the police a service-oriented one and following the mass line. But the current residents security investigation still faces many problems such as lack of knowledge and experience,work motivation,professionals and effective supervision,which seriously affected the residents' sense of security. Therefore,the public security should pay attention to talent training and the monitoring mechanism in order to slove those main problems in the residents ' sense of security.


The dramatic change in some important aspects of this country after the collapse of New Order Regime, primarily in the political aspect, provided larger opportunity to Indonesian Chinese in constructing their real identity, included to the Indonesian Chinese Muslim. In one hand, Indonesian Chinese Muslim tended to re-strengthen their cultural identity shown by articulating some features of their ethnic identity, and they show more the involvement in developing discourse of national building and the life of majority group by using their Islamic identity in the other hand. At this point, they then could not be categorized as 'peranakan' and 'totok', the binary category which is often used to refer to the asimilated and unasimilated Chinese into the cultural system practized by the native majority. After the state launched the new regulation of citizenship No. 12/2006, they were then positioned by the state as the 'real' citizen who had the same civil rights before the law as well as the other groups. The implication of this legacy in the social and cultural context is that they then developed the inclusive identity, such as absorbing the categories and features of identity of other group, involved in the activities of majority group, and occupied the same kind of majority group profession, until they felt that those had become part of their own identity. By sharing their identity with non-Muslim Chinese and majority group, they could take a strategic role as cultural mediators, political brokers and bridge builders. Keywords:  Chinese Muslim, Identity, Peranakan, Totok, Hibridity, Post-New Order Indonesia.


Zanna robusticephalica sp. nov. (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Fulgoridae: Zanninae: Zannini), representing the third species of the planthopper genus Zanna Kirkaldy, 1902 from China, is described and illustrated from Yunnan in southwestern China. Scanning electron micrographs of the antennal sensilla, rostral apex, hind tarsal segments, gonoplac and wax glands of the new species are provided. The generic diagnostic characters of Zanna are redefined and the autapomorphies are proposed to support the monophyly of the genus. A check-list of the Oriental Zanna species is included.


The Andean blackberry ( Rubus glaucus Benth.) is a promissory fruit crop for Colombia with potential to become an international commodity due to its high nutritional and nutraceutical value. Farmer genotypes from the national R. glaucus collection were selected from eight outstanding accessions according to their nutritional and agronomic value, for distribution among local producers. The goal of this work is to evaluate the genomic fingerprint by AFLP analysis of these elite genotypes using three primer combinations. From 179 total amplified loci produced by the three combinations, 20% resulted polymorphic. The  EAGG/MCTT combination was the most informative with a 32% polymorphism and greater discrimination power. The genotypes tested showed a high average similarity (96%) and the accessions San Antonio and ILS-1863 formed independent groups with good statistical support in the clustering analysis. The remaining accessions did not form discrete groups with good support (


Intergranular exchange fields in CoPtCr granular media materials were quantified through ferromagnetic resonance measurements in various magnetic states. The data indicate that the exchange field in CoPtCr granular films with no oxide segregant is comparable to the saturation magnetization of the films. With an introduction of a SiO2 segregant, however, the exchange field decreases. A 30% volume fraction of the segregant reduces the strength of the intergranular exchange coupling to zero.


Neoalbatrellus subcaeruleoporus is described as a new species. Its systematic position is supported by molecular and morphological analyses, and a key to the three Neoalbatrellus species is provided. A revised key to American and European species of Scutiger sensu lato (Albatrellopsis, Albatrellus, Laeticutis, Neoalbatrellus, Polypus, Polyporoletus, Polyporopsis, Scutiger s.s., Xanthoporus, and Xeroceps) is appended.


The invention relates to a method for separating BTX (Benzene-Toluene-Xylene). The method is mainly used for solving the technical problem in the prior art that during the separation of the BTX, a rectifying separation process is long in flow, large in investment and high in energy consumption. Through adopting the technical scheme that the method comprises the following steps of enabling a raw material (101) containing the BTX to enter a feed side I of a bulkhead section of a bulkhead rectification tower, and carrying out separation, so as to obtain a benzene-containing material flow (102) from the top of a common rectifying section II, obtain a toluene-containing material flow (103) from a product side III of the bulkhead section and obtain a xylene-containing material flow (104) from the bottom of a common stripping section IV, the technical problem is better solved, and the method can be applied to the industrial production for separating material flows containing the BTX.


In this article, the validity of a numerical simulation of a basin solar still coupled with a condensation chamber was analyzed, before being cooled through a cooling water system. The system contained a serpentine pipe combined with a rectangular sheet of galvanized steel. The model was validated by comparing calculated and then experimental results mentioned in previous research for a typical day in the month of June 2013, the comparison of results showed a good agreement between the experimental and numerical tests. The model was developed to evaluate the performance of the system with optimum mass flow and compared throughout the typical day of each month of the year with that of a solar still without cooling. The model was investigated numerically according to meteorological data of the Algerian city, Khemis Miliana using the model of Capderou. The equations are modeled by the finite difference method, the Gauss–Seidel iterative method was used to solve the resulting algebraic equation. The highest productivity of the year was 6.7 Kg/m2 during the typical day of august with 60% higher productivity than the still without cooling. It was observed that the productivity of the solar still was sensitive to the flow mass of cooling water. Both the condenser chamber volume and the area from the opening of the evaporator to the condenser chamber have a significant effect on distillate production of the system. © 2019 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 38:e13146, 2019


on the flies occurring from dung of wild brown bear, Ursus arctos yezoensis Lydekker, in Hokkaido, Japan. Since then, we have further investigated on these flies in Hokkaido. Recently, as we determined four more species emerged from two dung samples collected in 1981, we report on these species. Materials and method: Two freshly dropped dung samples ef wild brown bear were collected at Mt. Hidaka ranges and Mt. Taisetsu ranges of Hokkaido, respectively. Some data en these dung samples are shown in Table 1. Rearing method of adults was the same as described by Nishijima and Iwasa (1979). Two muscid species, Huckettomyia watanabei Pont et Shinonaga, 1970 and Azelia


AbstractRecently, a national evaluation report points at some possible risks with an increasing individualization in Swedish pre-schools, like failing to pay attention to childrens function in soci ...


Department of Ophthalmology and Columbia University, New York, New York, United States Schepens Eye Research Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States Department of Ophthalmology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States


1. A comparison of the distribution of radioactivity in rat tissue lipids after oral administra- tion of [5-Me-14C]-α-tocopherol showed that spleen and adrenal lipids have a relatively high uptake of radioactivity. 2. Absorbed α-tocopherol and its metabolites appeared not to re-enter the lumen of the gut in significant amount through the bile or by the secretion from the stomach mucosal cells within the 24 h experimental period. 3. After ingestion of [5-Me-14C]-α-tocopherol by rats, analyses of their liver and spleen lipids showed that most of the radioactivity in the lipids was due to the presence of unchanged α-tocopherol. Radioactive tocopherolquinone was found in both spleen and liver lipids; in the liver lipids there was some evidence that a second oxidation product of α-tocopherol, compound O, had been formed.


The risk of musculoskeletal and low back pain among 3rd and 6th grade schoolchildren both females and males in private and public schools in Jordan was studied. The percentage of bag weight to body weight (BTSW%) was measured as a risk index. In addition, the effect of carrying a schoolbag for 0, 5 and 10 minutes on Heart Rate (HR) and Blood Pressure (BP) was investigated. The results indicate significant differences of BTSW% between private and public schools, females and males and 3rd grade and 6th grade classes. All schoolchildren included in the study were exposed to risk, since their BTSW% exceeded the recommended limit of 10%, especially females in the 3rd grade in the private school. HR was significanly different between private and public schools and class grades but not between genders. It increased non-linearly by 18 bpm for 5 minutes carriage duration and 24 bpm for 10 minutes. HR regression analysis produced an R2 equal to 0.71 and included carrying duration, class grade and carrying duration interaction and and class grade and school interaction as predictors. HR is proposed as an alternative risk factor, such that if HR increases by more than 15 bpm after carrying the schoolbag for 5 minutes or more than 20 bpm for carrying it for 10 minutes, then the schoolchild is at risk.


Analyses of physician-patient roles have tended to emphasize a particular normative pattern in which the patient relinquishes his rights and the physician takes full responsibility for the treatment decision and the patient's fate. This study of the decision to hospitalize points to a second normative power pattern-the family-centered relationship-in which the patient's relative retains responsibility for the decision. These two normative role patterns have implications both for the outcome of referrals to psychiatric hospitals as well as for the sociological theory of roles and deviance.


In this study, the first and second law analysis of vapor compression refrigeration cycle with two-stage and economiser were carried out. R134a was used in system as refrigerant. The necessary thermodynamic values for analyses were calculated by Solkane program. The coefficient of performance (COP), exergetic efficiency (ηex) and total irreversibility rate of the system in the different operating conditions were investigated for this refrigerant. As a result, the highest coefficient of performance value and exergy efficiency value was obtained in the condenser temperature 25 oC and evaporator temperature 5 oC in the refrigeration system with two-stage and economiser. The highest irreversibility value was obtained in the condenser temperature 45 oC and evaporator temperature -15 oC in the refrigeration system


Geomorphic study on Wujiahe segment of Serteng piedmont fault, Inner Mongolia is made. Through analysis of the available data in combination with the results of predecessors( studies it can be obtained that average vertical displacement rate is 0.48~0.75 mm/a along the Wujiahe segment since the late Pleistocene (14.450~22.340 ka BP) and 0.56~0.88 mm/a since the early-middle Holocene (5.570~8.830 ka BP). Analyzing paleoseismic phenomena revealed in the excavated 5 trenches in combination with the results of predecessors( studies of paleoearthquakes on the fault, we determine five paleoseismic events on the Wujiahe segment of Serteng piedmont fault since 27.0 ka BP and the recurrence interval to be about 4.300~4.400 ka. A cluster of paleoearthquakes occurred probably during 8.000~9.000 ka BP and two paleoseismic events in 10.000~20.000 ka BP may be missed. A comparison between height of fault scarps and sum of displacement caused by paleoseismic events revealed in trenches, and recurrence interval of paleoseismic events obtained from average displacement rate along the fault and the dislocation by one event suggest that three paleoseismic events are absent in Alagaitu trench. Two paleoseismic events may be absent on the whole active fault segment.


The Lena-Vilyuy oil-gas basin of Western Yakutia occupies an area of about 600,000 sq km. It is the southeast part of the Siberian platform and is bordered on the east by the Mesozoic Verkhoyansk fold system. See Fig. 1. Within it are the Vilyuy synclize and Cis-Verkhoyansk foreland downwarp. The sedimentary section consists of Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic deposits, maximum thickness of which exceeds 10 km.


Ecological interactions among phytoplankton occur in a moving fluid environment. Oceanic flows can modulate the competition and coexistence between phytoplankton populations, which in turn can affect ecosystem function and biogeochemical cycling. We explore the impact of submesoscale velocity gradients on phytoplankton ecology using observations, simulations, and theory. Observations reveal that the relative abundance of Synechoccocus oligotypes varies on 1–10 km scales at an ocean front with submesoscale velocity gradients at the same scale. Simulations in realistic flow fields demonstrate that regions of divergence in the horizontal flow field can substantially modify ecological competition and dispersal on timescales of hours to days. Regions of positive (negative) divergence provide an advantage (disadvantage) to local populations, resulting in up to ∼ 20% variation in community composition in our model. We propose that submesoscale divergence is a plausible contributor to observed taxonomic variability at oceanic fronts, and can lead to regional variability in community composition.


The paper considers the problem of two-commodity network flows and generalizes a result of Hu on integral flows in networks with integral capacities. The main result of the paper is a max-flow min-cut theorem for two commodity networks. The method of proof involves a particular type of separation process. This leads to an algorithm for finding the maximal flows. Several counterexamples to certain possible generalizations are given at the end of the paper.


Drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB), and especially multidrugresistant (MDR) TB (i.e. resistance to isoniazid and rifampicin with or without resistance to other drugs) or extensively drug-resistant (XDR) TB (i.e. MDR resistance plus resistance to the fluoroquinolones and one of the second-line injectables - kanamycin, amikacin or capreomycin), has very important implications for affected children and the TB control programme.


Finite element analysis (FEA) has been carried out on 2D carbon/carbon (C/C) laminates containing a central circular hole utilizing the ANSYS software package. The stress concentration factor obtained from the existing empirical relation is comparable with the FEA result. Utilizing the stress concentration factor and the un-notched tensile strength of the 2D carbon/carbon laminates, the notched tensile strength estimates are found to be highly conservative. Modifications are made in one of the stress fracture criteria of Whitney and Nuismer known as the point stress criterion to estimate the notched strength close to the test results.


There contain abundant coal resource in Shuidong village of Nanjiang county of Sichuan province. and its quality is fine, so it is salability. mining economyprimary coal mining is rather upgrowth in this section at present. There have about ten coal mine enterprises include stateoperated and privately operated, and its coal mining mode is all underground gallery coal mining. Because coal mining have already process several ten years, especially since twenty century 80', mine produce scale increasingly accretion, great acreage minedout area having come into being underground, this years, many evidence, such as building distortion ,building craze, and so on ,have appeared in colliery mine extension, and geological disasterlandslide and collapse have manifold trend in this section, because of this solicitate more entanglement between local people and mine enterprise. therefore we must find out relation between the earth's surface architecture distortion, geological disasterlandslide and collapse and underground coal mining. On the one hand it is easy to settle entanglement scientific, equitably, reasonable; on the other hand it is also easy to guide exploitation of mine, to avoid geological disaster which induce by mining. So we must estimate geological environment influence for underground coal mining. This paper recite how to put up integration evaluate to geological environment which influence by underground coal mining in Anjiaping, Hunjiaping of Shuidong village by method of divide zone for minedout area roof distortion and method of guideline discriminance of ratio between deep and thick.


The present paper investigates the stability,cooling characteristics and the effecting factors of a muddy quenching medium,a mixture of water and fine clay powders.Comparisons show that the cooling rate of the muddy quenching medium is higher than that of wind cooling,while lower than that of oil,thus it can be used for quenching certain high alloy steels,solution treatment of aluminum alloys,and also for isothermal normalizing of structural steel components.Two new quenching methods are proposed as follows:1.Interrupted quenching,whereby the work-piece is first cooled in water or a water-based solution,then cooled in the muddy quenching medium,2.The work-piece is first cooled by swinging in the muddy quenchant for fast cooling,then kept still to avoid cracking.The muddy quenching mendium is environmentally non-pollutant,the costs of its use are especially low,therefore its use is worth advertising.


Freshwater aquaculture has played key roles in the livelihood development of farm households in the Red River Delta through freshwater fish ponds, rice-and-fish, and marine cage culture. A market-driven approach is being addressed more and more in promoting new production. This study aimed to analyze the marketing channels of freshwater aquaculture fish in Hai Duong province. The study was conducted with 151 farm households belonging to three fish production system: Fish system engaging fish production only (FS); animal fish system combining animal and fish production (AF) ; and new garden-pond-animal house system (VAC) in the province. The attained results reveal that fish farmers diversified their marketing strategies to obtain a marketing margin of about 87% of the retail price of the finfish along with their value distribution while the remaining portion of the marketing margins belonged to the intermediary market actors. The cost of the purchased fish commodities accounts for the majority of the total cost for all actors. The cost of dead fish presented the highest proportion of the total marketing cost. A large portion of the marketing costs represented wages, fuel, and the rent of a business place. The marketing margin for the intermediary stakeholders in both the studied channels was 12.7%, in which marketing costs accounted for approximately 5.0%. The results will be used for designing better promotion strategies for freshwater fish production and providing good lessons for small-scale fresh aquaculture development towards livelihood diversification and development in rural areas.


On the basis of an inorganic concept of the petroleum origin, the phase relationships of crystalline kerogens of black shales and liquid oil at the physicochemical conditions of a typical geobarotherm on the Texas Gulf Coast are considered. At the conditions of the carbon dioxide (CO2) high fluid pressure, the process of oil transformation into kerogens of varying degrees of "maturity" (retrograde metamorphism) takes place with decreasing temperature and hydrogen pressure. Kerogen generation in black shale rocks occurs by the sequential transition through metastable equilibria of liquid oil and crystalline kerogens (phase "freezing" of oil). The upward migration of hydrocarbons (HC) of oil fluids, clearly recorded in the processes of oil deposit replenishment in oil fields, shifts the oil ↔ kerogen equilibrium towards the formation of kerogen. In addition, with decreasing of the hydrogen chemical potential as a result of the process of high-temperature carboxylation and low-temperature hydration of oil hydrocarbons, the "mature" and "immature" kerogens are formed, respectively.
The phase relationships of crystalline black shale kerogens and liquid oil under hypothetical conditions of high fluid pressure of the HC generated in the regime of geodynamic compression of silicate shells of the Earth in the result of the deep alkaline magmatism development. It is substantiated that a falling of hydrogen pressure in rising HC fluids will lead to the transformation of fluid hydrocarbons into liquid oil, and as the HC fluids rise to the surface, the HC ↔oil ↔ kerogen equilibrium will shift towards the formation of oil and kerogen.
It is round that both in the geodynamic regime of compression and in the regime of expansion of the mantle and crust, carboxylation and hydration are the main geochemical pathways for the transformation of oil hydrocarbons into kerogen and, therefore, the most powerful geological mechanism for the black shale formations.


Many people use the Internet for their health information needs. Individuals searching for health information can bombarded with resources. Some of these resources can me poor or give misinformation. It is important for individuals to be able to understand what resources are reputable and give the most accurate information. eHealth Literacy Scales (eHEALS) were developed to address some of these challenges. This study examined how eHealth literacy (direct and indirect) and affected the eHealth literacy on colon cancer screening test using Structure Equation Modeling (SEM). This study also analyzed what other factors, such as socioeconomic characteristics (SES) and Internet usage, influenced eHealth literacy and the colon cancer screening. The study examined the data of 108 adult participants. Among SES, race has a direct affect on the Internet usage and also a direct affect on the eHealth literacy. However, eHealth literacy does not directly affect on colon cancer screening.


It is shown that the Schr\"odinger equation for the helium atom does not have a Frobenius-type solution in the variables ${r}_{1}$, ${r}_{2}$, and ${r}_{12}$.


Cationic Pd(II) -complexes with weakly coordinating ligands were used for the olefin addition polymerization of strained polycyclic olefins. The cyclic structure of the monomers remained intact during the reaction which contrasts with products obtained from the olefin metathesis polymerization. The Pd(II) -catalyzed polymerizations showed the features of a "living" polymerization, when norbornene and selected exo-substituted norbornene derivatives were used as the monomers. Endo- and exo-dicyclopentadiene, exo-1,2-dihydrodicyclopentadiene, endo, exo-1,4,5,8-dimethano-1,2,3,4,4a,5,8,8a-octahydronaphthalene and endo, exo-1,4,5,8-dimethano-1,4,4,a,5,8,8a-hexahydronaphthalene were converted into the corresponding rigid polymers. The exo-substituted monomers were found to polymerize at a higher rate than the corresponding or similar endo-substituted monomers. The polymerization of norbornadiene and the subsequent thermal elimination of cyclopentadiene resulted in the formation of polyacetylene.


We give continuity properties of bitraces on (possibly non-commutative) Banach *-algebras based on the Closed Graph Theorem, leading to a simplified proof of the Theorem of Varopoulos in the commutative case.


The estimated production of world electronic waste until 2017 is approximately 6 Gt. Despite this enormous problem, there are no clear regulations regarding the orientation for disposal or treatment of this type of residuals in many countries. There is a federal public policy in Brazil that supports a network of Computer Reconditioning Centers—CRCs. These CRCs train young people and recover or recycle electronic equipment. Through this work, CRCs produce interlocking plastic pavers for application on pavements from recycled electronic industry waste. This article presents the characterization of these interlocking paver's mechanical properties when applied on the pavement. This characterization is a necessary step to show the effectiveness of this product. We show that the plastic pavers behave similarly to the artifacts manufactured in concrete, thus creating commercial opportunities for this initiative, and contributing to the Brazilian Solid Waste Policy.


The free energy of the solid and fluid phases of the Girifalco C60 model are determined through extensive Monte Carlo simulations. In this model the molecules interact through a spherical pair potential, characterized by a narrow and attractive well, adjacent to a harshly repulsive core. We have used the Widom test particle method and a mapping from an Einstein crystal in order to estimate the absolute free energy in the fluid and solid phases, respectively; we have then determined the free energy along several isotherms, and the whole phase diagram, by means of standard thermodynamic integrations. The dependence of the simulation's results on the size of the sample is also monitored in a number of cases. We highlight how the interplay between the liquid–vapor and the liquid–solid coexistence conditions determines the existence of a narrow liquid pocket in the phase diagram, whose stability is assessed and confirmed in agreement with previous studies. In particular, the critical temperature follows closel...


This article describes the most important features on how councils of the five largest municipalities of Puebla during the 2008-2018 period came about, This is in order to analyze the political changes that occurred and to see their impact on politics, as well as their democratic implications, in order to link them with some interpretations that highlight the empowerment of women, as well as to find the circulation and renewal of the political elite or to see if there was a political change.


1. The origin of the large solitary sporangium is marginal. 2. The sporangium wall and tapetum arise from segments cut from a dolabrate apical cell. 3. The primary sporogenous cell by three successive divisions gives rise to sixteen spore mother cells. 4. Subsequent to the formation of the spore mother cells and the tapetal plasmodium there is rapid increase in the sporogenous mass. 5. A striking feature is the formation of multinucleate spore mother cells, which is not uncommon. 6. Two features render additional support to the relationship of Schizaeaceae to Marsileaceae proposed by Campbell and supported by Bower: (a) The spore output of S. rupestris has advanced to 64 per sporangium as compared with the prevailing number of 128 in most species. This reduction in spore output has reached the upper limit of Pilularia (64-32). (b) Multinucleate spore mother cells resulting from a failure of wall formation following nuclear division is a step toward the heterosporous condition of the Marsileaceae.


Remote sensing is one of the promising technologies in nondestructive evaluation (NDE) and structural health monitoring (SHM) for civil infrastructures, in view of its convenience and flexibility in field data collection. Among existing remote sensing techniques, laser doppler vibrometer (LDV) is an ideal tool for periodic inspection of building-type and bridge-type structures. In this paper, application of LDV on extracting modal frequencies and damping of a building model on a shake table is investigated to study the effects of mass distribution on characteristic damping of the building model. A commercially available LDV (Short Wave InfraRed (SWIR) laser, range = 1.7m 300m, OptoMET) was used on a building model excited by ground motion generated by a shake table in the frequency range of 1Hz and 10Hz. Sinusoidal ground motion was adapted to produce non-trivial initial conditions (displacement and velocity) in the vibration of the building model. Free vibration response of the building model with different configurations (e.g., location of introduced mass) was measured by the LDV. A metal block was used as introduced mass and a target reflector for the LDV. Effects of excitation frequency on the measurement accuracy of modal frequencies and characteristic damping were also studied. From our experimental result, it is found that the measurement accuracy of LDV is not vulnerable to the change in excitation frequency. In-plane displacement appears to be more reliable than out-of-plane displacement for extracting modal frequencies and characteristic damping of the building model.


BackgroundRichardson's syndrome (RS) and progressive supranuclear palsy–parkinsonism (PSP–P) are the most common subtypes of PSP syndrome. The clinical features, responses to levodopa, and progression are relatively different but overlap. Determining whether combined molecular imaging studies of dopamine transporter and D2 receptor are helpful for further differentiation of these two subtypes is important. MethodsTen patients with PSP (six suffering from RS and four from PSP–P) were studied. We also enrolled 10 patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) as disease control and seven healthy individuals as normal controls. Each individual underwent two sets of single photon emission computer tomography imaging, [2-[[2-[[[3-(4-chlorophenyl)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3,2,1]oct-2-yl]methyl](2-mercaptoethyl)amino]ethyl]amino]ethanethiolato(3-)-N2,N2′,S2,S2′]oxo[1R-(exo-exo)])-[99mTc] Technetium (99mTc-TRODAT-1) dopamine transporter (DAT) and 123I-iodobenzamide D2 receptor. The specific uptake ratio was calculated as (basal ganglia counts–occipital cortex counts)/occipital cortex counts. ResultsIn DAT scan, the mean striatal uptake was reduced in the RS group compared with that in the PSP–P group, although it did not reach statistical significance. The putamen-to-caudate nucleus ratios were significantly different between PD and all PSP patients (P<0.001), but no difference in putamen-to-caudate ratios was found between the RS and PSP–P groups. In the 123I iodobenzamide scan, striatal uptake was significantly reduced in the RS group (−22.62%, P=0.022); on the contrary, it was mildly increased in the PSP–P group. ConclusionThe studies showed different alterations of DAT and D2 receptor function between the RS and PSP–P groups. Different DAT imaging might be helpful to distinguish PSP–P from PD in the early stage.


This thesis deals with the occurrence of microorganisms in water. The first part deals with the microbiological requirements for water, treatment (disinfection) and provides an overview of important microorganisms in drinking water. The second past of the work describes Legionella spp., Aeromonas spp., Vibrio cholerae, Mycobacterium spp.


Place branding is a discipline at the intersection of geography and communications, devoted to the process by which places become brands, understood as devices for managing a desired identity presented to the outside world, and also for internal consumption by the residents of the place. This paper intends to explain the conceptualization process of a place brand, and to present the methodological framework for building a brand that takes into account all audiences and stakeholders, thus strengthening the identity of the place. The case presented here is Masquefa, a municipality in the Barcelona province. The methodology has been structured in three phases: first, an initial diagnosis and data gathering; next, fieldwork and public participation (interviews, surveys, and discussion in focus groups); and third, construction of the story. The conclusions of this article show how a municipality without any significant tangible and intangible assets to truly identify it can build a brand story accepted by all agents, both public and private, which will help it grow sustainably in the future.


Background and Objective: Epidemiological study in Oral lesions and diseases can help to identify risk factors for preventing diseases. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the frequency of salivary gland lesions in a pathology laboratory of Hamedan dental school and Besat Hospital. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study all records of patients from 2006 to 2017 were reviewed by referring to the Department of Pathology of Hamadan Dental School and Archives of Besat Hospital. The required data including histopathologic diagnosis and anatomic location of lesions, age and gender were recorded and the data were analyzed using SPSS v.16 statistical software. Results: The results showed that salivary lesions comprise 6/63% of total head and neck lesions, of which 65.4%, 24.3% and 10.3% of lesions were non-neoplastic and benign and malignant neoplastic lesions respectively. Also, the forecasting of the incidence of cases for the next three years was at least 6.20% and a maximum of 10.36%. Conclusion: The results of this study suggested that future studies with more emphasis on clinicians will provide more accurate information about patients. Also, extensive studies are suggested in other cities and provinces with a longer period of time.


Purpose
The author discusses the challenges of implementing a digital ecosystem, a way of transcending the boundaries of a firm to include additional producers to provide more value to customers and also by making customers active partners.

Design/methodology/approach
An ecosystem is intentionally organized to generate, facilitate and benefit from interactions rather than transactions.

Findings
The author explains how firms can make the customers active participants in creating and evolving the network by embracing the dynamic concept of an ecosystem.

Practical/implications
The ecosystem becomes more valuable to users as more users join.

Originality/value
Essential reading for executives experimenting with corporate digital platforms.


The authors contemplate the forms of student science and their role in training engineers based on the documents of the International Labor Organization for Human Resources Management and Vocational Training: a case of technical universities in the Volga Federal District of the Russian Federation. The articles gives the dynamics of innovation-driven growth of Volga State University of Technology (Volgatech), students' publication activity, students' participation in the "UMNIK" programme and the number of incentives that the students were awarded at the Olympiads and competitions (with a breakdown by engineering professions). Based on monitoring, the authors defi ne the tendency of Volgatech graduates' employment (with a breakdown by integrated groups of majors of engineering graduates).


In this paper, the two signal separation methods of broadband radio navigation system (RNS) with the separated data channel are considered. The discussed methods allow providing the required signal dynamic range of the reference stations of broadband RNS with the medium wave range in conjunction with the perspective MSK and MSK-BOC modulation types.


Thread level parallel processing is one of the most important problems for high speed packet processing. This paper proposed a packet processing engine architecture called NRS05, that promotes the efficient dynamic thread scheduling for hiding long latency operations and coping with pipeline stalls. A dynamic thread scheduling scheme is presented by a mixed-grained multi-thread mechanism. Not only the performance of single packet processing is satisfied, but also the processor occupation probability for all threads are the same. And then data dependence and control dependence resolving methods and zero overhead context switching mechanism are also included. Finally this micro-engine is synthesized and verified, and the results suggest that the architecture of NRS05 is an attractive prospect for use in packet processing.


Vegetable is an important agricultural export products of China. Japan is the one of main export countries of Chinese vegetable trade. Over the past few years, the technical barrier trade becomes the main reason to prevent our agricultural products from the exports to Japan. The paper employs the gravity model to do an empirical analysis using the data of Japan and Chinese from 2003 to 2006, then applies to Chinese vegetable exports trade and puts forward some policy suggestions. The domestic manufactures need to raise product quality as much as possible, and the government also needs to work out quality standard beneficial to protecting consumer actively. The higher the standard of China, the closer the Chinese standard with import countries, the more can China promote export.


Exposure to outdoor particulate matter (PM2.5) represents a ubiquitous threat to human health and, in particular, the neurotoxic effects of PM2.5 from multiple sources may disrupt neurodevelopment. Studies addressing neurodevelopmental implications of PM exposure have been limited by small, geographically-limited samples and largely focus either on macroscale cortical morphology or postmortem histological staining and total PM mass. Here, we leverage residentially-assigned exposure to six, data-driven sources of PM2.5 and neuroimaging data from the longitudinal Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study (ABCD Study®), collected from 21 different recruitment sites across the United States. To contribute an interpretable and actionable assessment of the role of air pollution in the developing brain, we identified alterations in cortical microstructure development associated with exposure to specific sources of PM2.5 using multivariate, partial least squares analyses. Specifically, average annual exposure (i.e., at ages 8-10 years) to PM2.5 from biomass burning was related to impaired neurite development across the cortex between 9 and 13 years of age. Teaser Pollution from biomass burning is linked to altered neurite density changes across the cortex between ages 9 to 13 as shown by novel neuroimaging markers.


Batch verification can improve efficiency when the verifier has to verify a great deal of signatures. With the rising interests on pairing-based cryptography, many researches on identity-based signatures have been proposed. Furthermore, some new researches on enhancing performance of verifying identity-based signatures by a batch verification have also been reported. Another possible weaker but faster batch checking of signatures, named as the batch screening, has been considered in the literature. This paper considers the security of recent batch verification schemes, and a new attack on one identity-based signature scheme with batch screening is proposed. Then, we point out that a previous attack on another identity-based signature scheme with batch screening is inappropriate due to the misunderstanding of the difference between batch screening and verification.


For linear processes, QDMC has proven to be an effective way of systematically handling both input and output process constraints. This note describes an analogous extension of QDMC for nonlinear, constrained Processes. Based on Newton-type methods implemented in a moving horizon framework, a multi-step algorithm is derived that solves a single quadratic program (QP) over each time horizon. Sufficient stability properties can be invoked through the concept of descent directions, and these conditions can also be checked on-line. Finally, the method is illustrated on a small reactor example with state and input time delays.


Persistent infections with mumps virus were established in several human lymphoid cells of T‐cell origin (Molt‐4, TALL‐1, and CCRF‐CEM) and human monocyte cells (U937 and THP‐1). 2′,5′‐Oligoadenylate synthetase (2–5AS) activity was demonstrated to be only slightly induced by interferon (IFN) or TPA (12‐O‐tetradecanoyl‐phorbol‐13‐acetate) treatment in these cells. Treatment of the persistently infected cells with IFN or TPA did not stimulate an increase in the amount of synthetase mRNA. Induction of cell differentiation and augmentation of IFN production by TPA were demonstrated in U937 cells persistently infected with mumps virus (U937‐MP). Similar results for IFN production were obtained from differentiated U937 cells. It is suggested that cell differentiation of U937 cells might be associated with the development of IFN inducibility.


This paper reviews the educational research related to student understanding uf water and water resources. The literature is drawn primarily from science and environmental education literature and is divided into student knowledge of: physical and chemical properties, biology, earth systems and water resources. The majority of work has been in the area of physics and chemistry and indicates: very low levels of student comprehension, a direct relationship to atomic and kinetic molecular theory and a large number of misconceptions. Children's biological knowledge related to water, although studies are limited to diffusion, osmosis and circulation, appears similarly incomplete with numerous misconceptions. Earth systems knowledge related to water centers around the concept of the water cycle which is poorly understood by all students. The least amount of student knowledge in any area is related to water resources and may reflect the complex interdisciplinary nature of this subject. Finally, multiple studies have drawn the conclusion that older students who have taken science courses have similar level of knowledge as elementary students and they possess more misconceptions about water and water resources. Contains 51 references. (Author) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. *********************************************************************** Student Understanding of Water and Water Resources: a review of the literature*


Technological advancement of the past years such as Fog computing has led divers attacks on personal and corporate data and information via network systems as the cloud. Fog computing enhances cloud computing by stretching out the edge of the network to diminish the inertness and network obstruction. Fog computing, deals with an exceedingly decentralized and conceivably virtualized environment that gives computers and system benefits among sensors and cloud servers.
These attacks have yielded easy access to data and information in real time using networks and other services, due to the ease in accessing and modifying such decentralized data on a network. There is therefore an urgent need to be able to trace and put an end to the attacks by denying access to the perpetrators and providing access to authentic users. This paper proposes a cryptographic blockchain method using the md5 hash algorithm to verify and validate decentralized data in a network centric fog computing environment. The approach makes it challenging for decentralized data to be tempered with without detection and adopts a distributed approach coupled with blockchain.


Poland has a relatively short history of immigration compared to other member states of the European Union. However, in recent decades, the number of foreigners in Poland has increased significantly. Intercultural relations may take the form of hostility, conflict, antagonism, segregation, separation, neutral co-presence, partial social adaptation, avoidance, withdrawal, alienation, marginalisation, integration, assimilation or acculturation. This paper is dedicated to an integration model. The author describes the phenomenon of migration and social inclusion of foreigners in Poland. The author also distinguishes factors and entities, which are important for the process of social inclusion. At the end of the paper the author highlights the different needs of Polish society. They cover, dialogue with foreigners, the creation, and an increase in social awareness, of an integration policy for foreigners learning about multiculturalism and allowing foreigners the opportunity to participate and play active roles within all areas of Polish society.


An investigation on the influence of foetal factors on the size and the appearance of epiphysis centres in the foetal knee is performed in 222 cases with well-defined duration of amenorrhoea. While the weight and the length of the infants show a significant influence at least on the size of the femoral centres, sex does not have any influence on the diameter. The time of the echographic appearance of epiphysis centres does not depend on any of the investigated foetal parameters.


CVP-analysis in the conditions of multiproduct manufacturing as a tool of operational controlling The peculiarities of CVP analysis in conditions of multiproduct manufacturing are revealed, comparing methods of its implementation are carried out. The possibilities of application the results of analysis when making managerial decisions in the operating system are determined. The problem of distribution of general constant retained expenses on separate types of products by various methods, as well as the definition of a break-free level of production and realization of certain types of products based on weighted average margin profits, are investigated. The impact on the profit of changing the level of constant costs and specific variables of expenses through an operating lever within the production enterprise is investigated. Keywords: CVP analysis, variable costs, fixed costs, marginal profit, break-even point, operational analysis, operational controlingl.


In addition, the remarkable post-crisis recovery in the Irish economy means that we are approaching full employment and there has been a parallel uplift in asset prices, such that cyclical risk is more elevated than a few years ago. Indeed, the recent downgrade in the euro area growth forecast suggests that a pull back in growth performance is a material cyclical risk factor. Again, I will not focus on cyclical risk, which is relatively well-understood.


Acute onset of diplopia with proptosis in case of primary CNS lymphoma has not been reported yet in the literature. Blurred vision, reduced vision, and floaters are the commonest reported presentations. We report a case of a 41-year-old HIV positive male who presented with diplopia in left eye for two weeks with proptosis of left eyeball. CT Scan study of head and orbit showed heterogeneously enhancing large soft tissue calcified orbital mass pushing the left eyeball out of orbit. Right fronto-temporo-orbito-zygomatic (FTOZ) osteoplastic craniotomy with gross total excision of tumor was performed. Histopathological evaluation was suggestive of Non-Hodgkins Lymphoma. Immunohistochemistry confirmed the diagnosis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, non-germinal center type. Five months follow-up showed good recovery with no evidence of recurrence.


X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF) is a common analytical technique found in many laboratories. The instrumentation for this technique is rather large and does not lend itself to on-site examinations. Recent innovations in solid-state technology make portable instruments available that can be used outside the laboratory in museum galleries or at archaeological sites. The use of such an instrument, however, has practical limitations that are different from laboratory models. This study relates experience with an Innov-X Systems portable X-ray fluorescence spectrum analyser and examines the practical limits of analysis done with that system. Selected glass, gold, and bronze objects from museum collections as well as standards and materials previously analysed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry with laser ablation (LA–ICP–MS) were used in these tests. This study was meant not to present the theoretical limitations of XRF but to document the practical concerns of on-site XRF testing.


The generation and migration of space charge packets in low-density polyethylene (LDPE) materials have been investigated in recent papers. A large number of measuring results indicate that space charge behavior show great difference in the course of formation and movement due to the difference of applied field and material characteristic. This gives difficulties to study the feature of packet-like charge behavior in LDPE. In order to give a reasonable explanation for various kinds of packet-like charge behaviors, a simple numerical simulation is proposed which is based on the analysis of experimental results. The model is considered the influence of the electrode injection and carrier velocity as well as trap level caused by the electric field distortion. Based on the idea that the hole mobility will be expected to decrease as the increasing field causes more disorganization of polyethylene chains, we give a hypothesis that a negative differential mobility curve could be utilized to describe the relation between the migration velocity and electric field. By considering such a model, we simulated various kinds of packet-like charge behaviors and the results of simulation show a good agreement with the experimental results from different groups.


Malaysia was reported as having the highest overweight and obesity rates across Southeast Asia. It is recognized that there are many contributors to this epidemic. Given that restaurants are popular places when eating out and restaurant foods are generally high in calories, there is concern that restaurants may be a contributor to this epidemic. To help consumers make healthful dietary decisions when eating at restaurants, the Malaysian government plans to enact a nationwide menu labeling law by 2025. Mixed findings have been reported in the literature about the outcome from labeling foods in restaurants. In Malaysia, research on menu labeling is limited and at the present time, there have been no known studies in Malaysia examining the influence of menu labeling on consumers' actual purchase behaviors. Therefore, researchers examined the influence of consumers' intentions to use menu labeling on their actual purchased behaviors. Researchers also assessed the differences in consumer characteristics (e.g. age and income) for those noticing and using menu labeling in Malaysian restaurants. The theory of planned behavior (TPB) with an additional construct of health consciousness was used as an underpinning theory. Data were collected from consumers at a chain restaurant in Malaysia using an online survey displayed on an electronic tablet and a paper-based checklist of the restaurant menu items. Two steps structural equation modeling and multivariable binary logistic regression were used to analyze 580 surveys. Based on the results, the TPB constructs: consumers' perceived behavioral controls, attitudes, subjective norms, and the additional construct health consciousness positively and significantly influenced consumers' intentions to use menu labeling. However, the influence of