In this modern era, all activities can be carried out easily because of rapid technological progress. Technology really helps human needs and can't be separated from human lifestyles. The easy of technology and communication that developed has changed the consumption patterns of the people, especially in ordering online food delivery. Now people tend to buy food through digital applications rather than cooking. The highest frequency of food orders is dominated by the use of delivery as much as 2.6 times a week.
This study aims to find out which combinations of attributes that make GoFood choose by consumers, and to find out which attributes are the most dominant. This research is a quantitative study with conjoint analysis techniques. The results showed that the combination of attributes were cheap prices, attractive promotions, safe security, fast time & delivery, and ease of payment using cash. The results of the study also showed that the safety attribute was the most important attribute.


Reduced safety concerns, reduced environmental impact, faster land reclamation, reduced water
consumption and corresponding efficiency improvements are some of the possible benefits of mine disposal
in the form of thickened tails or paste. Transportation of these higher density slurries presents special
challenges for the system designer.
The corresponding yield stress and higher viscosity associated with these higher density slurries often result
in slurry pipeline operation in laminar flow at an elevated pipeline pressure drop. Much research is ongoing
with respect to determination of pipeline friction, as well as solids settling in laminar flow.
Previous work has looked at the economic benefits and disadvantages of rotodynamic (i.e., centrifugal)
versus positive displacement pumps as the motive source for high density, high yield stress tailings. This
work has shown the choice is not always clear cut. Initial capital outlay versus long term operating costs,
pipeline length, slurry concentration, corresponding rheology, corresponding volume flow rate and
corresponding pressure drop are integral factors in the decision making process.
Rotodynamic pumps have been shown to be a viable choice for lower concentration, higher volume flow
rate, shorter pipeline distance, lower pressure drop services. This paper will discuss the application limits of
standard slurry pumps on high yield stress slurries, revisit an often misused method of predicting
corresponding pump performance de-rating, present test data on a modified "flow inducer" equipped
rotodynamic pump with improved high yield stress capability, and finally discuss rotodynamic pump suction
requirements in an effort to explain the observed change in pump performance.


Objective To study the small intestinal absorption patterns of glimepiride in rats. Methods A rat model of small intestinal absorption in vivo was employed in this study. The small intestinal absorption rate of glimepiride was detected by high performance liquid chromatography. Results At the low and high concentrations of glimepiride, the average small intestinal absorption rates were 0.233 6 h -1 and 0.217 8 h -1 , respectively. Conclusion The small intestinal absorption pattern of glimepiride might be passive diffusion.


This work is a revealing combination of biographies and topical essays that describe the outstanding and often-overlooked contributions of women to the science, politics, and culture of the Renaissance. Encyclopedia of Women in the Renaissance: Italy, France, and England is the first first comprehensive reference devoted exclusively to the contributions of women to European culture in the period between 1350 and 1700. Focusing principally on early modern women in England, France, and Italy, it offers over 135 biographies of the extraordinary women of those times. Encyclopedia of Women in the Renaissance provides vivid portraits of well known women such as Catherine of Siena, Joan of Arc, Mary Queen of Scots, and Christine de Pizan. Also included are less familiar but equally important women like Elena Lucrezia Cornaro, the first woman in Europe to earn a doctorate; the renowned Renaissance painter Artemisia Gentileschi; and the acclaimed author of medical textbooks and midwife to a French queen, Louise Boursier. Based on the latest research and enhanced with thematic essays, this groundbreaking work casts our understanding of women's lives and roles in Renaissance history and culture in a provocative new light. Over 135 biographical entries covering the extraordinary women who made significant contributions to the art, science, culture, religion, and philosophy of the Renaissance Over 100 expert contributors, drawn from a range of scholarly disciplines An extensive bibliography pointing readers to the best sources for further reading in print and on the Web An extensive index that makes it easy to follow thematic threads across the portrayals of different women


Performance management is an effective way to improve the efficiency and level of government funded overseas study management.Based on the defining concepts of performance management and government funded overseas study,this paper focuses on the ideas of applying performance management theory in government funded overseas study management,and several specific questions which should be paid attention to.


To assess the associations of folate, homocysteine and vitamin B12 levels of children at birth and their methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) variants with asthma and eczema in childhood.


Modelling is essential in forest management as it enables the prediction of productions and yields, and to develop and test alternative models of silviculture. The allometry of trees depends on a set of factors, which include species, stand structure, density and site. Several mathematical methods and techniques can be used to model the individual tree allometry. The variability of tree allometry results in a wide range of functions to predict diameter at breast height, total height and volume. The first functions were developed for pure even-aged stands from crown closure up to the end of the production cycle. However, those models originated biased predictions when used in mixed, uneven-aged, young or older stands and in different sites. Additionally, some modelling methods attain better performances than others. This review highlights the importance of species, stand structure and modelling methods and techniques in the accuracy and precision of the predictions of diameter at breast height, total height and volume.


Objective To investigate the effects of mild hypothermia on the apoptosis of neurocyte and the expression of Bcl-2 gene at different period in traumatic brains of rats. Methods Immunohistochemistry technique and TUNEL were applied respectively to detect the expression of Bcl-2 and neuronal apoptosis. Results The percentage of TUNEL positive cell was lower in experimental groups with mild hypothermia interference at 0.5, 1, 2 hours than in other experimental groups and control groups. The expression of Bcl-2 gene was higher compared with control groups and 2, 3, 4, 5h groups. Conclusions Mild hypothermia interference can suppress neuronal apoptosis in early period of traumatic brain by accelerating the expression of Bcl-2 gene and protect the injured brain tissue .


In the digital era, it is crucial to explore how digital technologies can be successfully integrated in the mathematics classroom and what their potential impact on learning is. This paper presents some reflections based on data gathered as part of the MiGen project (www.migen.org ) from studies aimed to investigate ways to support the transition to formal Algebra, through the use of a constructionist learning environment and carefully designed 'bridging' activities that consolidate, support and sustain students' algebraic ways of thinking. Our claim is that explicit links need to be made to Algebra through those specially designed activities so that such a digital tool can support students' learning of formal Algebra in order to be successfully integrated in the mathematics classroom.


Based on the method of hydraulic test,the influence of depth of the falling-sill,expansion ratio and the flow Froude number on the characteristic velocity of the falling-sill and expanding bottom-flow energy dissipater was analyzed emphatically. The research results show that choosing the appropriate depth of falling-sill,expansion ratio and the flow Froude number can effectively decrease the maximum underflow speed and the maximum near-sidewall speed. Under the optimum condition,they can keep the maximum speed of the baseplate and sidewall lower to avoid the erosion and cavitation of the baseplate and sidewall.


The stuck-open fault (SOF) is a difficult, hard failure mechanism unique to CMOS technology. Its detection requires a specific 2-vector pair that examines each transistor in the logic gate for an open defect in its drain and/or source. In this work it is shown that this failure mechanism is very alive and relevant to modern technologies. The small nanometer technology capacitances and the increased leakage currents result in faster discharges of the floating high impedance node making fault detection more difficult. A test vector strategy is proposed to improve the detection of this fault for technologies with gate current leakage.


The problem of the study in this research is: how is the procedure for the Malam Bainai process at the Minangkabau community wedding ceremony and what is the meaning contained in the implementation of the Malam Bainai at the Minangkabau community wedding ceremony. The research design used is a qualitative descriptive research method by using Pierce's theory. Then, the informants of this research are people who understand Minangkabau cultures, such as Masters of art and culture who graduated from the University of arts in Padang Panjang, overseas arts, and culture teachers from Padang Panjang, and people who are members of the Minangkabau community in Medan City. The results showed that the Malam Bainai procedure consisted of four series, namely Bamandi, Meniti kain kuniang, Malam Bainai, and Bakameh-kameh. The meaning of the Malam Bainai ceremony is carried out as a form of cultural heritage that has been carried out from generation to generation and as a form of releasing girls from their parents to become brides and companions in other people's lives.Keywords: Linguistics, Semiotics, Malam Bainai, Minangkabau Wedding Ceremony


The article analyzes the reasons that the manual observation station and automatic station have relative large different maximum surface temperatures in Yulin Observation Station,and proposes the processing methods that have practical value for grass-roots observation stations,which is meaningful to the real work in stations.


This paper uses the issue of tourism development in the Mediterranean as a prism through which to look at more general questions of socio-cultural, politico-economic, and environmental processes in the region. The paper is underpinned by a concern with space and spatial transformations (at various levels including those of the town, the countryside, and of the wider area inhabited by both). The starting point is the acceleration of coastal development, engendered, as much of this has been, by tourism. Tourism related shifts of economic gravity to coasts, particularly obvious in the case of islands, has been accompanied by the deepening and extension of more purely capitalist relations of production in the region. Ethnographic signs of this have taken a variety of forms. One has been the urban demographic and spatial transformations which have lead to a continuing rise of urban individuation and the associated further erosion of historic Mediterranean patterns of relationships within and between different sorts of urban collectivities. Another has been the continuing de-coupling of spatial and kinship boundaries. Movements of populations, particularly of young people, to the coast have increased the autonomy of individual members of kinship structures while decreasing the moral authority of elders and other representatives of kin groups as wholes. Interior landscapes have witnessed a continuing decline in the polyculture characteristic of the historic Mediterranean. Such landscapes are themselves influenced by the rise of the coastal monocrop of tourism. One of the most striking manifestations of this is the growing disrepair and degradation of terraces and dry stone walls. Finally, there is the broadening disjunction between, on the one hand, tourist imagery built on rhetorical references to the traditional Mediterranean, to be found in post-cards (of peasant farming and fishing, for example) or internet advertisements (of second homes in 'unspoilt' island bolt holes, for example) and the daily facts of the overuse and the running down of natural resources. Holding in mind aspects of the historical Mediterranean as they come to be measured against contemporary developments in the region, we are left with the question of whether the Mediterranean is being, to coin a term, de-Mediterraneanised.


Photoluminescence spectroscopy is used to investigate the size distribution of InAs quantum dots embedded in GaAs quantum wells as function of substrate temperature and InAs coverage. For intermediate InAs coverage, quantum dots of more than one distinct size class coexist with each other. We show that the quantum dot size distribution is bimodal for relatively high growth temperatures ${(T}_{G}\ensuremath{\cong}505\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}\mathrm{C})$ and becomes multimodal for relatively low growth temperatures ${(T}_{\mathrm{G}}\ensuremath{\cong}420\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}\mathrm{C})$ with growth interruptions. We explain this behavior in terms of two distinct thresholds for dot formation: (i) the minimum InAs coverage which can lead to islanding and (ii) the coverage consistent with the optimal dot size for the given growth conditions. Further, thermally activated electron transfer from dots in the smaller size class to those in the larger size class is investigated using the temperature dependence of the photoluminescence.


A process is set forth for previewing a table attachment on a mobile communication device, and upon identifying table content of interest viewing and/or retrieving the entire table from an attachment server. In one embodiment, a small 4x4 row/column preview is presented on the device of every table found in a document attachment, with the cell content textual information limited to the requestingdevice display capabilities. This limitation avoids any requirement to download large amounts of individual cell content to the device. Thus, the user is able to quickly identify which tables are of interest and then request a full table download from the attachment server in an on-demand fashion. In this regard, the preview table itself preferably also functions as a link to the full table stored at the server to facilitate easy retrieval to the device for viewing in a spreadsheet view.


1 Laboratory of Research on Spectrochemistry and Structural Pharmacology, Department of Chemistry, Science Faculty, University of Tlemcen, Tlemcen 13000, Algeria 2 Department of Technology, Institute of Science and Technology, University Center of Naama, Ctr Univ Naama, Box 66, Naama 45000, Algeria 3 Center for Scientific and Technical Research in Physical and Chemical Analysis (CRAPC), PO Box 384 Bousmail Tipaza 42004, Algeria


Three different oriental natural plants (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix, Sanguisorba Officinalis L, Euonymus alatus) were extracted with 70% methanol under refluxing for 4 hr in order to investigate their inhibitory effect on Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) by a modified gelatin zymography, where only euonymus alatus showed the inhibitory effect on the activity of Matrix MMP-9. The fraction was collected by using the mixture of ethyl acetate and hexane on silica gel column. Seven portions were obtained and three fractions of them (first, third and forth) showed inhibitory effect on the zymography. To verify the effect of these substances on cells, human hepatoma, Hep3B cells as a cancer model, and Chang liver cells as a normal model were selected. In order to examine the cell viability, of each extract was treated on cells. Most of the methanol soluble fractions showed negligible toxicity on human liver cell line.


ISAF is a UN-mandated operation under United Nations Security Council resolution (UNSCR's) 1386 and later 1413 and 1444. The mission of ISAF is to assist the Afghan Transitional Authority (ATA) in maintaining security within the area of greater Kabul so that the ATA as well as the personnel of the UN can operate in a secure environment. United Nation's Children Fund (UNICEF) aims at the well being of children. In Afghanistan, the organisation particularly focuses on immunisation of children against measles and polio, provision of clean water and sanitation facilities and the improvement of prenatal, natal and post-natal care coverage.Keywords: Afghan Transitional Authority (ATA); ISAF; Kabul; UNICEF; UNSCR


Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer occurring in women with increasing prevalence in these past few years. Although many targeted therapies have been developed to increase the specificity of the treatment, many patients still suffer from cancer resistance and relapse. Green tea, a common beverage derived from natural plants, has been shown to induce chemopreventive effects and exhibit anti-cancer activity through its catechins and polyphenols content. The main well-known compound that induces these effects is epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG). Green tea also contains other naturally occurring compounds such as catechin (C), epicatechin (EC), epigallocatechin (EGC), epicatechin-3-gallate (ECG), and others. In this study, we assessed and compared the anti-cancer activity of these green tea-derived compounds towards different types of breast cancer cell lines. A total of 15 original research papers from PubMed, Google Scholar, and DOAJ databases were collected and evaluated for the data extraction. The results showed that EGCG was the most potent compound in green tea that was able to reduce cell viability, wound closure, and induce apoptosis even in highly aggressive MDA-MB-231 and lower grade MCF-7 cell lines with ranging concentration. The second potent compound was ECG, followed by EGC and EC that exhibited intermediate effects. Lastly, catechin was shown to have the lowest anti-cancer activity among all other compounds. Flavonols were also shown to exert cytotoxic effects toward breast cancer cells. Moreover, further study is needed to discover the exact mechanism of each compound and determine its relationship toward different types of breast cancer cell lines.


IT is a matter of common knowledge that free gas in the body cavities or tissues tends to be absorbed. No doubt the question "how is it absorbed?" would almost invariably meet with the ready response: "It is taken up by the blood." This is the glib statement of a generally accepted fact, but it actually tells nothing of how the gas is absorbed. Doubtless the gas, or the greater part of it, is taken up by the blood' why and how? Yandell Henderson and Malco'lm C: Henderson attempt to provide an answer.! They deal especially with pneumothorax and atelectasis following blockage of a bronchus, At first glance it would seem that the development of atelectasis and the disappearance of a pneumothorax, resulting in expansion of the lung, are two entirely different processes. Yandell and Malcolm C. Henderson point out that the chemical and physical principles involved are essentially the same in each instance. Each condition is concerned with the absorption of gas: in the one instance from the lung. in the other from the pleural cavity. During normal breathing air passes freely in and out of the lunas' the pressure of gases in the alveoli I:> , • I then is the same as that of the external all', name y, 760 millimetres of mercury. Decreased pressure due to expansion the result of increase in temperature to that of the body, amounts to 50 millimetres of mercury' this is compensated for by the addition of wate:y vapour. The exchange of gases in ~he lungs is due to a difference between the partial pressures in the venous blood and in the. al~eol~r air. Thus the partial pressure of carbon dIOXIde 111 the venous blood is 46 millimetres of mercury, and in the alveolar air 40 millimetres of mercury; the blood then gives up carbon dioxide until equilibrium is established. Similarly, the partial pressure of oxygen in the venous blood is 40, in the alveolar air 100 millimetres of mercury; oxygen then passes from the alveolar air into the blood. The pressure of nitrogen in venous and arterial blood and the alveolar air is constant at 570 millimetres of mer-


Being an important part of culture, literature should be included in foreign language teaching programs. As it is written for the native users of the language, it is an authentic material and presents good examples of target language. Reading literary works gives students great opportunities to improve their language. Nevertheless, students believe that literature is difficult to understand, boring and unnecessary. Therefore, teachers who want to use literature in language classes face a strong resistance of students against studying literature. It is possible to break the resistance of the students by choosing suitable materials to use and finding enjoyable activities. In ELT departments, students are taught how to use literature in EFL situations. This is a descriptive study which shows the ideas of 40 junior students of ELT department of Akdeniz University about the contributions of studying short stories. They were given a questionnaire to learn their ideas about the benefits of short stories. The data were examined through SPSS and the results were interpreted. Their answers showed that they didn't find it boring, difficult or unnecessary any more. They also become aware of the fact that reading short stories has contributed to them in many ways. In the light of the findings, some suggestions were made related to the use of literature in EFL classes.


The aim of this paper is to introduce a symbolic technique for the computation of the principal matrix of the linear system associated to an homogeneous ordinary differential equation with constant coefficients.


Objective: To find out the role of FNA cytology in the diagnosis of liver malignancy especially hepatocellular carcinoma. Material and methods: 35 female patients with age range 25-85 years who visited Gastroenterology Department of Sheikh Zayed Hospital Lahore were included in the study. The space occupying lesions of the liver of patients were diagnosed by ultrasonography. Fine needle aspiration (FNA) is used to perform liver biopsy by special needles of Menghini. About 1-2 ml specimen was collected from each patient under image guidance. Results: It was observed that 77% cases (27 patients) were diagnosed as malignant. Eighteen patients had a space occupying lesion in the right lobe of liver, 05 had lesion in the left lobe and in 04 patients the lesion involved parts of both lobes. Out of 27 malignant cases 70% cases were diagnosed as primary cancer of hepatic cell or HCC, 15% patients had Metastatic Adenocarcinoma, 7% had Metastatic Melanoma, while 4% showed Metastatic Spindle Cell Carcinoma and 4% cases were of Unclassified Carcinoma. Conclusion: FNA cytology in case of space occupying lesions of liver can be relied upon to differentiate between benign and malignant lesions. The results improve considerably with availability of cell block along with relevant laboratory and ultrasound findings. Key word: find needle aspirate, space occupying lesion, liver malignancy.


The theory of postnormal times by Ziauddin Sardar is an attempt to explain the social processes occurring when traditional models, theories, and paradigms seem powerless in the face of looming challenges. Postnormal times are an intermediate period when old ideas, theories, and practices are dying and new ones have not yet been formed, and the whole world seems to be plunged into uncertainty and chaos. Privacy is one of the areas where the situation is considered to be already postnormal. Therefore, the article attempts to outline the current state and prospects related to privacy and personal data protection, based on the methodology developed within the theory of postnormal times.
Complexity, chaos, and contradictions are the main forces propelling postnormal times. All of them are very perceptible in the sphere of privacy. In particular, the outcomes of the major current strategies for the legal protection of personal data are ambiguous and controversial. It relates to the consent of the data subject as one of the main legal grounds for personal data processing, as well as the use of data anonymization and pseudonymization techniques, or the introduction of mechanisms of external risk assessment. In addition, it is argued that in the present world there is a fundamental contradiction between privacy and underlying trends in business and governance, the causes of which are revealed by applying Lawrence Lessig's theory of four regulators.

Under such conditions, traditional ways of responding to challenges – turning back, increasing control and complexity of measures – not only contribute to normalization, but drive the system even further into a state of postnormalcy. It is accompanied by the exacerbation of identified critical contradictions and revealing of the new ones that increases the likelihood of collapse of the existing system of privacy protection in the near future. Therefore, it is necessary to develop and promote innovative approaches which include both reforms in the field of privacy regulation and efforts to change the external environment.


The increased development regarding Internet of Things (IoT) devices has created various solutions for data transfer, including Bluetooth and Wi-Fi. The release of Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), or Bluetooth Smart, allows for a major improvement in data transfer using IPv6 over BLE, as proposed by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) in RFC 7668. IPv6 through BLE is widely used for IoT devices, however, connection to a raspberry pi 3 device, the most used mobile operating system, is widely underdeveloped. In this paper, we attempt to create a link-layer connection, guided by 6LoWPANs (stands for IPv6 over Low power Wireless Personal Area Networks) from RFC 4919, between two raspberry pi 3s to transfer IPv6 packets. BlueZ, the default Linux Bluetooth protocol stack, is used as the foundation of this data transfer in both PIs.


The elongation of hypocotyls excised from de-etiolated seedlings of beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. British Wax) is inhibited by light, blue and red irradiations being equally effective. Conditions which decrease chlorophyll fluorescence, such as CO2-free air, abolish the inhibitory effect of blue irradiation and enhance the inhibition by red light. Conversely, conditions which increase chlorophyll fluorescence, such as a N2 atmosphere or irradiation through a chlorophyll filter, abolish the inhibitory effect of red light and enhance the inhibition by blue irradiation. The inhibitory effect of blue light is reversible by red irradiation under increased fluorescence as well as by far red. We propose that the chlorophyll fluorescence excited by blue and red irradiations in λF > 660 nm and λF > 720 nm, respectively, is responsible for the inhibitory effect of blue light and the reduction of the inhibitory effect of non fluorescing red light. Both red and blue wavelengths seem, therefore, to control hypocotyl elongation through phytochrome.


The 3D flowfield of a hovering rotor is calculated solving the Euler equations. Performing a grid refinement study it is demonstrated that an Euler method is able to capture the wake and vortices of a hovering rotor without any wake modelling. Accurate prediction of these rotational flow field phenomena needs fine grids with a high resolution in the complete region of the wake system. Additionally, high accuracy for the treatment of all numerical boundaries, which affect the vortex wake, is required. On the other hand, the investigations have shown that airloads are less effected by a more detailed resolution of the wake system. A second part of the study is concerned with wake capturing properties on block boundaries, especially on inner boundaries of overlapping grids. Overlapping grids are very attractive for the computation of a rotor in lifting forward flight or a rotor-body flowfield in hover.


An 820-g, 8-month-old blue and gold macaw (Ara ararauna) was presented for examination because of a 3-day history of a non–weight-bearing lameness of the left leg. The bird was housed in a 6 3 4-foot (1.8 0.9 1.2-m) commercial cage that contained wooden dowel perches and hanging wood and rope toys. A diverse diet was offered, which included pellets, seeds, vegetables, and fruit. The household also included 2 dogs and 3 cats. The cats were maintained as indoor pets. There was no history of trauma that would correlate to the lameness and no record of a previous illness. On physical examination, the only abnormality observed was a non–weight-bearing lameness of the left leg. No evidence of trauma, joint laxity, or fracture was detected by palpation of the leg. The macaw was in good body condition and exhibited an alert attitude. Full-body survey radiographs were taken (Figs 1 and 2).


ADAS (Advance Driver Assistance Systems) is an integrated electronic system that utilizes the latest technologies to provide safety and a comfortable driving experience for automobile drivers. These systems have become very widespread over the recent years, proving their capability in avoiding dangerous accidents. Research in this field has grown, allowing many new technologies to be implemented. The goal of this research paper is to study the existing state of art technologies in this field, presenting a comprehensive classification of the already existing ADAS systems, as well as future technologies that are still pending research, into exclusive categories. Each category is explained in detail for why that technology fell into that specific category.


Agriculture is highly dependent on climate change, and Cyprus especially is experiencing its impacts on agricultural production to a greater extent, mainly due to its geographical location. The adaptation of farming to the effects of global climate change may lead to the maximization of agricultural production, which is an important and desirable improvement. The main aim of this paper is to rank and quantify the impacts of climate change on the agricultural sector of Cyprus, through a multi-round Delphi survey seeking a consensus agreement in a group of experts. A multidisciplinary group of 20 experts stated their willingness-to-pay for various impacts of climate change. By applying this method, the individual impacts of climate change on crop production and water resources were brought into the modeling effort on equal footing with cost values. The final cost impact estimate represents the total estimated cost of climate change in the agricultural sector. According to the results, this cost reaches EUR 25.08 million annually for the agricultural sector, and EUR 366.48 million for the whole country. Therefore, it is expected that in the seven-year programming period 2014–2020 the total cost of climate change on agriculture ranges from EUR 176 to EUR 2565 million. The most significant impacts are due to the increasing level of CO2 in the atmosphere and the burden of biodiversity and ecosystems.


STUDY ON USABILITY OF SOCIAL NETWORKING SERVICES IN JAKARTA: A CASE STUDY OF LINKEDIN - Usability, Heuristic Evaluation, User Testing, LinkedIn


In the above titled paper (ibid., vol. 58, no. 2, pp, 250-257, Feb. 2010), the photograph and biography of R. A. Abd-Alhameed should have appeared as presented here.


This paper explores the effects of product innovation, process innovation and R&D expenditure on job creation, job destruction and churning. The results indicate that product innovation tends to amplify both job creation and destruction, while R&D tends to work in the opposite direction. We also find that churning increases as firms engage in R&D activities, while it decreases when firms introduce product and/or process innovations.


This paper describes a teacher aid programme on the honeybee, which is considered an ideal subject for cross-curricula study. The rationale of development is outlined and the content of the tape, wall charts and handbook are discussed. Examples from the teacher's handbook are given.


Exploring the nature of status and the role of individuals in society is central to understanding social organization. This chapter critically examines current models of how wealth and status were expressed and maintained in Iron Age Europe, and considers evidence for the existence of occupation groups, classes, and specialists. Topics examined include links between status and display of wealth in votive deposition and richly adorned burials, the roles of feasting, conspicuous consumption, and monumentality, and how these may reflect hierarchical or heterarchical forms of social organization. The period saw increasing evidence for specialist roles in spheres such as craftworking, production, mining, and exchange, as well as in ritual and warfare. Some Iron Age communities, however, lacked obvious social specialism and the archaeological evidence points to small-scale modes of household production. Links between gender, age, status, and social roles are also explored.


The etherfication of tert-olefins and ethanol was studied in a small scale fixed-bed reactor using β-zeolite synthesized by microwave radiation as catalyst. The experimental results showed that the total conversion of tert-olefins was 46. 3% under the optimal reaction conditions of a reaction temperature 65 ℃,an ethanol to tert-olefins molar ratio of 1. 2,a reaction pressure of 0. 8 MPa and a LHSV of 0. 8 h -1. The total conversion of tert-olefins holded constant at 44. 0% in the lifetime test for 600 h. The results showed that the catalyst had stable activity and had favorable industrial application foreground.


However, increasing environmental instability, demographic shifts, changes in technology and heightened international or global competition have created imminent role for Human resource planners considering the fact that recruitment and selection process have become more complex in the present time. The article takes a theoretical view of the concept of HR planning in the context of recruitment and selection process; highlights the challenges facing the HR planners and their role in recruitment and selection process. It concludes with recommendations aimed at making HR planning more effective and result-oriented when tied to recruitment and selection process in the organization.


Conversations with recent immigrants from the Soviet Union' often revolve around the theme of druzhba. In Israel and America alike, Russian-Jewish newcomers wistfully and passionately describe their old circles of friends as involved in absorbing conversations about literature, cinema, and news from abroad. As they reminisce, Soviet Jewish immigrants break into smiles and relate the political jokes and critical anecdotes they heard and told in these circles. They tell too of friends pooling scarce resources to help each other purchase a car, an apartment or summer home, a once-in-a-lifetime find on the black market, or, simply, food. Happily they remember birthday and New Year's parties that just seemed to have happened; they describe festive singing and dancing in joyful gatherings that were never formal or prearranged.


Vitamin A deficiency is a global health challenge, particularly in the developing world. Diet based approaches, using locally available foods, are recommended for providing long term, sustainable solutions. The ProFarmer project, initiated in Malawi, encouraged local farmers to re-adopt landrace crop varieties. Orange maize was used as a case study. Over time, reintroducing this carotenoid-rich crop is predicted to increase provitamin A content in the Malawian diet. Furthermore, it is considered a relatively simple, cost-effective approach that has the potential to reduce dependence on food fortification. This study was aimed at evaluating the impact of the reintroduction of landrace orange maize on nutrition knowledge, attitudes and behaviours (KAB) in women of farming families that currently cultivate the crop. Women were selected, as they are largely responsible for food preparation and providing healthy foods for their families. Additionally, the overall diet adequacy in women living in rural Malawi was assessed. A total of 336 females took part in the cross-sectional study. Before the study, the participating farming families underwent a training program run by local Agriculture Extension workers prior to receiving seeds for cultivation. The training included an explanation of the rationale behind reintroducing landrace maize and nutrition education regarding the health aspects of providing provitamin A through locally grown foods. Families that had recently joined the project and families that had already harvested the crop in previous years were included in the study sample. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to determine KAB regarding orange maize. Diet quality was also assessed using the FAO Minimum Dietary Diversity questionnaire (MDD-W) designed for women. Independent t-tests and Chi-square tests were performed where appropriate. Positive attitudes towards growing and consuming landrace orange maize were recorded. However, only 32% of the women understood the nutritional benefits. Dietary Diversity scores, a proxy for nutrient adequacy, were low with only 34% of women consuming a sufficiently diverse diet. Despite low levels of nutritional knowledge, landrace orange maize was well accepted by families in rural Malawi and presents an affordable, sustainable option for increasing dietary sources of provitamin A. Nutrition education emphasizing the advantages of eating orange maize and expanding diet diversity is recommended in Malawi. Key words: landrace orange maize, Vitamin A, nutrition knowledge, Malawi, carotenoids, diet diversity, women, sustainability


Four aspects of the effects of divorce on adolescents are examined in this review. First, some of the recent changes that have taken place in the American family are examined, specifically changes in the number of divorces. Second, the effects of divorce on adolescent development are reviewed, especially possible consequences on intellectual performance and academic achievement. Also examined are the effects of divorce on personality development and social relations. Third, differences in adolescents' reactions to parental divorce are discussed and some factors which either facilitate or retard adjustment to the divorce of parents are identified. Fourth, some suggestions are made for school-based interventions that might help ameliorate some of the negative consequences of parental divorce on adolescent functioning.


The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a transcriptional factor that regulates multiple functions following its activation by a variety of ligands, including xenobiotics, natural products, microbiome metabolites, and endogenous molecules. Because of this diversity, the AhR constitutes an exposome receptor. One of its main functions is to regulate several lines of defense against chemical insults and bacterial infections. Indeed, in addition to its well-established detoxication function, it has several functions at physiological barriers, and it plays a critical role in immunomodulation. The AhR is also involved in the development of several organs and their homeostatic maintenance. Its activity depends on the type of ligand and on the time frame of the receptor activation, which can be either sustained or transient, leading in some cases to opposite modes of regulations as illustrated in the regulation of different cancer pathways. The development of selective modulators and their pharmacological characterization are important areas of research. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Volume 62 is January 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.


B a c k g r o u n d : The Korean-Boston Naming Test (K-BNT) is a popular measure of the confrontational naming ability. It is particularly sensitive to the early cognitive changes in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Vascular dementia (VaD). The current study was conducted to develop parallel short forms for the K-BNT used in repeated assessments as well as in situations where the administration of the complete K-BNT is not practical. M e t h o d s : Four 15-item short forms were newly constructed based on the item difficulties of the K-BNT measured from 565 normal elderly aged over 55. The KBNT was administered to 130 dementia patients (75 AD, 55 VaD) and 130 healthy community-dwelling elderly whose age, sex, and education level were matched with the dementia patients. Scores for the short forms were derived by dividing up the items of the K-BNT. R e s u l t s : On each short form, normal elderly performed better than dementia patients, and scores on each could be extrapolated to a complete 60-item K-BNT score. Significant correlations were found between short forms and the K-BNT. To compare the probabilities of correctly identifying dementia, the areas under Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves of each form and the K-BNT were compared. It was found that all the short forms were as efficient as the 60-item K-BNT in identifying dementia. C o n c l u s i o n s : These results confirm that the four 15-item short forms developed in the current study are parallel and valid as the short forms of the K-BNT. J Korean Neurol Assoc 18(2):144~150, 2000


Despite the fact that the distribution systems usually operate radially, they show possibilities of changing the topology by opening or closing the switching equipment [1]. This change can occur in two situations. In the first one, when one tries to maximize the networks' electric configuration, aiming to achieve lower voltage drop and loss indexes, as well as increased reliability. In the second one, when one needs to transfer load from a feeder to another one, as a result of some contingency or a planned disconnection. In both situations, one should take into account that multiple switchings in the networks should cause some disconnections at customers, during a short period of time, specially when the feeders are served by different-source substations. These interruptions cause undesirable energy continuity levels for customers, who are more demanding in relation to the electric power supply quality. This context has motivated the present paper, whose proposal is the development of a methodology to analyze the technical feasibility of parallelisms in distribution networks by using the ATP program (Alternative Transient Program), thus avoiding disconnections at customers. As a result, case studies in AES Sul's concession area will be presented.


Abstract : The low temperature thermal expansion of l5 miscellaneous substances has been measured. Literature data for several other materials of possible interest have also been collected. The length changes between 300 K ana 0 K are reported in tabular form as an aid in the engineering design of cryogenic devices. References to the literature on low temperature expansion studies, covering the last 50 years, are given in an appendix.


A 24-year-old woman with discoid lupus erythematosus developed systemic lupus erythematosus after 6 years. One of the clinical features was Raynaud's phenomenon in the fingers and toes, and furthermore Raynaud's phenomenon appeared in the tongue when exposed to cold and windy weather.


In this paper, we present a machine learning algorithm to classify product listings posted to anonymous marketplaces. We classify these listings according to the type of product being sold. The categories are derived from the 12 product categories on a popular anonymous marketplace, Agora. Our algorithm is a combination of TF-IDF for feature extraction, PCA for feature selection, and SVM for classification. We compare our algorithm to simpler models, including multinomial-event naive bayes and a baseline algorithm that uses simple string pattern matching. We achieve an accuracy of 79% on a withheld test set compared to an accuracy of 62% our baseline model.


Objective To investigate the effects of exopolysaccharides(EPS) purified from an Antarctic psychrotrophs Pseudoalteromonas sp.S-15-13 on the S180 of mice.Methods After different doses of EPS-Ⅱwere injected into abdominal cavity of mice implanted with sarcoma 180 cells for 10 days.The tumor and spleen of mice were weighed and the positive expressions of PCNA,FHIT and S-100 were measured by immunochemistry.Results(1) EPS-Ⅱcould significantly increase the weight of spleen and inhibit the growth of S180 of mice with highest percentage inhibition of 45.1%.(2) Immunohistochemistry analysis showed that EPS-Ⅱcould significantly inhibit the expression of PCNA and enhance the expressions of FHIT and S-100 protein.Conclusion EPS-Ⅱmight inhibit the growth of S180 through modulating the expressions of PCNA,FHIT and S-100.


In dental sector, PEEK is a new material used in the injection process of fixed partial dentures (FPD). The design of the feeding system is one of the most important stages in the injection process. This study simulates different locations of the feeding system in fixed partial dentures of PEEK, varying number of the injection points, using the software Moldflow. Variables used to compare simulations are the complete filling of the FPD mould cavity, the filling time, the minimum amount of rejected material of the feeding system, defects due to air traps, welding lines, etc. As results, depending on the geometric complexity, and the number and position of the injection points, it is possible to reduce the rejected material and to improve the filling time of the FPD. © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of MESIC 2015.


Restoration historiography has so far remained silent regarding the alliance between the exiled royalists and the recusant religious houses in the Low Countries. This article examines the assistance provided to the royalist cause by Abbess Mary Knatchbull of the English Benedictine cloister at Ghent. The correspondence of Charles's leading advisers, most notably Sir Edward Hyde, reveals the extent to which the conspirators relied upon the nuns' mail service to communicate with their supporters in England and abroad, and upon the abbess's ability to obtain funds from local financiers. While the nuns were not central players in the conspiracies of the late 1650s, their activities reveal the royalists' dependency upon the networks established by Catholic exiles. The article also explores Mary Knatchbull's motives for devoting so much of her community's temporal and spiritual resources to the royalist cause. The rewards she sought from the king after 1660 suggest that she had a definite religious and political agenda which aimed ultimately at Catholic toleration. Therefore the article raises several important issues about Charles II's and his ministers' links with English Catholics and, in particular, it points to the important role of women in the hitherto masculine territory of royalist conspiracy and politics.


The influence of temperature, soil moisture, and light intensity on the tolerance of spring wheat, durum wheat, and spring barley to imazamethabenz and safened fenoxaprop-p-ethyl was determined in growth chamber experiments. Imazamethabenz at 500 g/ha reduced plant height and shoot fresh weight of durum and spring wheats grown under prolonged 70% shade. The height of durum and spring wheats was reduced by imazamethabenz under a low temperature regime. Compared to the plants grown under standard conditions, the shoot weight of spring and durum wheat plants was not reduced by imazamethabenz under drought, or high and low temperature conditions. Barley tolerance to imazamethabenz was not affected by environment. All three spring cereals were tolerant to fenoxaprop-p-ethyl plus a safener at 92 g/ha; and such tolerance was not greatly affected by various environments examined.


There should be about 10,000 stellar hierarchical systems within 100 pc with primary stars more massive than 0.5 M ⊙, and a similar amount of less-massive hierarchies. A list of 8000 candidate multiples is derived from wide binaries found in the Gaia Catalog of Nearby Stars where one or both components have excessive astrometric noise or other indicators of inner subsystems. A subset of 1243 southern candidates were observed with high angular resolution at the 4.1 m Southern Astrophysical Research Telescope, and 503 new pairs with separations from 0.″03 to 1″ were resolved. These data allow estimation of the inner mass ratios and periods, and help to quantify the ability of Gaia to detect close pairs. Another 621 hierarchies with known inner periods come from the Gaia catalog of astrometric and spectroscopic orbits. These two nonoverlapping groups, combined with existing ground-based data, bring the total number of known nearby hierarchies to 2754, reaching a completeness of ∼22% for stars above 0.5 M ⊙. Distributions of their periods and mass ratios are briefly discussed, and the prospects of further observations are outlined.


Terahertz pulse shaping technique is used to adaptively design terahertz waveforms of enhanced spectral correlation to particular materials among a given set of materials. In a proof-of-principle experiment performed with a two-dimensional image target consisted of meta-materials of distinctive resonance frequencies, the as-designed waveforms are used to demonstrate terahertz substance imaging. It is hoped that this material-specific terahertz waveforms may enable single-or few-shot terahertz material classification when being used in conjunction with terahertz power measurement. Far-infrared time-domain spectroscopy with terahertz beams of dielectrics and semiconductors, " J. Non-destructive terahertz imaging of illicit drugs using spectral fingerprints, " Opt. " Shaped pulse optimization of coherent emission of high-harmonic soft X-rays, " Nature 406, 164-166 (2000). 8. D. Meshulach and Y. Silberberg, " Coherent quantum control of two-photon transitions by a femtosecond laser pulse, Strong-field two-level two-photon transition by phase shaping, " Phys. Use of coherent control for selective two-photon fluorescence microscopy in live organisms, " Opt. Terahertz waveform synthesis via optical rectification of shaped ultrafast laser pulses, " Opt. Femtosecond optical pulse shaping for tunable terahertz pulse generation, " J. Tailoring the spectra of terahertz emission from CdTe and ZnTe electro-optic crystals, " Jpn. Terahertz waveform synthesis via optical pulse shaping, " IEEE J. Sel. Tunable terahertz generation using femtosecond pulse shaping, " Appl. Tuning and focusing THz pulses by shaping the pump laser beam profile in a nonlinear crystal, " Opt. Terahertz pulse shaping via optical rectification in poled lithium nio-bate, " Appl. Terahertz wave generation in nitrogen gas using shaped optical pulses, " J. Opt. Soc.


The egg production and development of Amphibolus venator (Klug) were investigated at five temperatures (25, 27.5, 30, 32.5 and 35°C), 70% r.h. and 16L–8D photoregime. The optimum temperature for multiplication and development of A. venator was around 32.5°C. Pre-oviposition period decreased with increasing temperature. Temperature in the range 25–35°C had no effect on oviposition period. The average numbers of egg laid per ovipositing female increased with increasing temperatures, however differences were not significant. The percentages of ovipositing females at 32.5 and 35°C were the same (95.8%), but higher than in other temperatures. Total oviposition number was highest at 35°C. Egg incubation period decreased with increasing temperature, however, hatchability was not affected. The development period of nymphs decreased with increasing temperature. The lower developmental thresholds and total effective temperatures were calculated as 16.9°C and 126.6 degree-days for eggs, respectively. The corresponding values for nymphs were 20.7°C and 714.3 degree-days.


The issues of construction and analysis of the topological model in reliability analysis of main electric schemes connections in power plants and substations are considered in this article. The multi-matrix method for reliability analysis is proposed in this article for different electric schemes: two operating systems of built-up wires and one bypass system of built-up wires; two operating systems of built-up wires; one operating system of built-up wires and one bypass system of built-up wires by the obtaining multi-states. The main conclusions were made on the further direction of research.


For an effective medical application of therapeutic siRNA, a safe and an efficient delivery system are required. Herein, magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have been successfully used as siRNA delivery vehicles. Firstly, MNPs were coated with gold (Au) nanoparticles and then capped with PEI. To improve the biocompatibility of nanoparticles, hyaluronic acid (HA) was coated onto the surface of PEI-Au/Fe nanoparticles. The prepared HA-PEI-Au/Fe3O4 nanoparticles were characterized and found to be uniform and well segregated in TEM analysis. FTIR analysis confirmed that HA was successfully conjugated to PEI. The polymer content in these nanoparticles was relatively higher than PEG coated nanoparticles. Cell viability assay demonstrated that the nanoparticles were relatively biocompatible in nature. ADAM10 siRNA was loaded into the HA-PEI-Au/Fe3O4 nanoparticles and cytotoxicity to prostate cancer (PC3) cells was analyzed. The results indicate that ADAM10 siRNA loaded HA-PEI-Au/Fe3O4 suppress the PC3 cells growth in vitro. Clearly, it could be confirmed that HA-PEI coated Au/Fe3O4 nanoparticles with higher biocompatibility appear to be suitable for intracellular siRNA delivery.


Compared with fan-out wafer-level package (FOWLP), fan-out panel-level package (FOPLP) has the characteristics of high efficiency, low cost, and good electrical performance. However, the panel-level package panel will warp due to the shrinkage of the epoxy molding compound (EMC) during curing and the mismatch of the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) between the constituent materials in cooling and heating. For panels with larger size, the maximum warpage will increase, which will make the followed processes and handling more challenging. Heterogeneous integration refers to the combination of different chips through packaging technology, which can improve production efficiency and make the packaged chip more powerful, but the thermally induced warpage of the chip will be more complicated. In this work, we used a high-precision projection moire device with a maximum measuring range of $600\text{mm}\times 600\text{mm}$ to measure the warpage after heating of a $510\text{mm}\times 515\text{mm}$ fan-out panel-level package panel. The panel contains large chips of $7\text{mm}\times 7\text{mm}$ and small chips of $2\text{mm}\times 2\text{mm}$, which are arranged in a matrix at a certain interval using chip-first die down process. The large chips and small chips in the panel are close to each other, while the same chips are far away. Based on the panel material, geometry, chip arrangement and process conditions, a finite element model was established using ABAQUS to simulate the panel-level package panel warpage after heating. The difference between the simulation result and the experimental result is only 0.023mm, and the error is only 6.4%. The simulated warpage results are in good agreement with the experimental results.


Aim: To detect the degree of carotid stenosis and stability of the carotid plaques in ischemic cerebrovascular diseases. Methods: 112 cases were divided into 3 groups according to carotid ultrasomic examination: normal carotid artery group,stable plaque group, and unstable plaque group. The counts of focuses of cerebral infarction were compared as well as the degree of luminal stenoses in stable and unstable groups.Results:There were 33,38,and 41cases in normal carotid artery group,stable plaque group,and unstable plaque group,respectirely.There were significant differences in the counts of focuses of cerebral infarction among the 3 groups( P 0.05).In stable and unstable groups,there were 7,16,and 56 cases in high ,mid ,and low grade carotid stenoses group. Conclusions: The counts of focuses of cerebral infarction can reflect the instability of carotid plaques; most of stable and unstable groups are low grade carotid stenoses cases,and its proportion is 70.89%.


After comprehensive research the cultural relics and ancient literatures,this paper discusses the main reasons of a prosperous woodblock printing in Tang Dynasty.The conclusions are that the Buddhism becomes more and more prosperous in the process of spreading to China,the total amount of collecting books has increased quickly, the education and culture has made progress,the interchange between China and foreign country has been frequently and the skill of papermaking and inkmaking becomes consummate.


The volcanoes have brought to the surface of Earth, heat, water and a great mixture of chemical compounds fundamental for the origin of life. Phosphoric anhydride (P4O10) produced by volcanic activities, and its cyclic derivatives such trimetaphosphates (TMP), obtained by addition of water to P4O10, can be used to obtain very important biochemical molecules such as proteins, nitrogen heterocyclic bases, nucleosides, nucleotides (AMPs) isomers, oligonucleotides ( pre-RNA and pre-DNA) and ATP, very rapidly in prebiotic conditions, in water at room temperature and without catalyst. In addition, some results demonstrated that it is possible to generate, with high chemio-, regio-, and stereoselectivity, adenosine monophosphates AMPs and their oligonucleotides together with small amounts of ATP, by mixing in a one-pot reaction, equimolar amounts of D-ribose, adenine and TMP in aseptic water as a solvent. If the amounts of TMP is in excess the yields in ATP is very high. This process explains the spontaneous generation of pre-RNA. In similar manner pre-DNA was obtained. The preferred formation of the double helix in DNA compared to RNA was explained. This is due to the great instability of the N-glycosidic bond of the DNA compared to the same RNA bond. It follows that to have life in the universe it is sufficient to have, on a planet, liquid water and volcanoes, and with a super simple chemical processes activated by cyclic molecules of phosphorus, as phosphoric anhydride generated by volcanoes, it is possible to obtain all molecules which are essential for life. It is not necessary to have first the formation of RNA (genetic process), thus overcoming the RNA World hyphothesis which now it is considered the most reliable even obtaining a Nobel Prize. Life follows from the laws of chemistry, then, it is an inevitable consequence that may occur throughout Universe when we have liquid water and volcanoes.Then a World with simultaneous formation of proteins, nitrogen bases, ATP and Pre-RNA and Pre-DNA is more probable than a first RNA world hypothesis, which is very improbable. Shapiro puts the problem this way: "The sudden appearance of a large self-copying molecule such as RNA was exceedingly improbable. ... [The probability] is so vanishingly small that its happening even once anywhere in the visible universe would count as a piece of exceptional good luck".


In the present study novel nonionic surfactants were synthesized, characterized, and tested as corrosion inhibitors for carbon steel in 1 M HCl solution. The inhibiting performances of these surfactants were studied by weight loss, potentiodynamic polarization, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The adsorption of these inhibitors was well described by Langmuir adsorption isotherm, and the kinetic parameters were calculated and discussed. The inhibition efficiency (IE) was found to rise with increasing the concentration of these inhibitors. Polarization measurements revealed that the inhibitors acted as mixed-type inhibitors. The efficiencies obtained from the impedance measurements were in good agreement with those obtained from the weight loss and potentiodynamic polarization techniques which prove the validity of these tools in the measurements of the tested inhibitors. The surface parameters of the synthesized nonionic surfactants were investigated and the results showed that these surfactants have lower values of surface tension and are effective as wetting and emulsifying agents.


In this work, combining both advantages of potassium‐ion batteries and dual‐ion batteries, a novel potassium‐ion‐based dual‐ion battery (named as K‐DIB) system is developed based on a potassium‐ion electrolyte, using metal foil (Sn, Pb, K, or Na) as anode and expanded graphite as cathode. When using Sn foil as the anode, the K‐DIB presents a high reversible capacity of 66 mAh g−1 at a current density of 50 mA g−1 over the voltage window of 3.0–5.0 V, and exhibits excellent long‐term cycling performance with 93% capacity retention for 300 cycles. Moreover, as the Sn foil simultaneously acts as the anode material and the current collector, dead load and dead volume of the battery can be greatly reduced, thus the energy density of the K‐DIB is further improved. It delivers a high energy density of 155 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 116 W kg−1, which is comparable with commercial lithium‐ion batteries. Thus, with the advantages of environmentally friendly, cost effective, and high energy density, this K‐DIB shows attractive potential for future energy storage application.


Break junction tunnelling measurements were performed on YBa2Cu3O7– and Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8–single crystals and on polycrystalline (Bi, Pb)2Sr2Ca2Cu3O10–samples. In the case of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 the superconducting gap as evaluated from the peak-to-peak distance is Δab = (21.2 ± 2.8) meV, i.e. 2∆ab/kBTc = (5.5 ± 0.8). The differential conductance curves are similar to those of conventional strong coupling superconductors but with a much larger smearing, that cannot be explained with any of the theoretical models proposed so far. The measurements on YBa2Cu3O7 show a strong linear background in the conductance. After subtraction of the background, peaks are discernible at ±21 meV, which yields 2∆ab/kBTc ≈ 2.8 if SIS tunnelling is assumed. The conductance curves of the (Bi, Pb)2Sr2Ca2Cu3O10–polycrystals are dominated by the appearance of sharp minima below the superconducting transition temperature. The temperature dependence of these minima can be fitted well by the BCS behaviour.


Since the accurate prediction of porosity is one of the critical factors for estimating oil and gas reservoirs, a novel porosity prediction method based on Imaged Sequence Samples (ISS) and a Sequence to Sequence (Seq2Seq) model fused by Transcendental Learning (TL) is proposed using well-logging data. Firstly, to investigate the correlation between logging features and porosity, the original logging features are normalized and selected by computing their correlation with porosity to obtain the point samples. Secondly, to better represent the depositional relations with depths, an ISS set is established by slidingly grouping sample points across depth, and the selected logging features are in a row. Therefore, spatial relations among the features are established along the vertical and horizontal directions. Thirdly, since the Seq2Seq model can better extract the spatio-temporal information of the input data than the Bidirectional Gate Recurrent Unit (BGRU), the Seq2Seq model is introduced for the first time to address the logging data and predict porosity. The experimental results show that it can achieve superior prediction results than state-of-the-art. However, the cumulative bias is likely to appear when using the Seq2Seq model. Motivated by teacher forcing, the idea of TL is proposed to be incorporated into the decoding process of Seq2Seq, named the TL-Seq2Seq model. The self-well and inter-well experimental results show that the proposed approach can significantly improve the accuracy of porosity prediction.


Elastic magnetic electron scattering was used to determine the lg9/2 neutron valence orbit of 87Sr. The rms radius founded is 3.8 % smaller than that theoretically predicted. This result is compared with the data for lg9/2 proton orbit of 93Nb.


Seedlings of Alnuscrispa (Ait.) Pursh, Alnusrubra Bong., Eucalyptuspilularis Sm., and Betulaalleghaniensis Britt. were grown in plastic pouches and subsequently inoculated with Alpovadiplophloeus (Zeller & Dodge) Trappe & Smith (two different strains), Pisolithustinctorius (Pers.) Coker & Couch, and Laccariabicolor (R. Mre) Orton, respectively, to form ectomycorrhizae insitu. Alnus seedlings were inoculated with Frankia prior to inoculation with the mycosymbiont. The interface established between A. crispa and A. diplophloeus was complex, involving wall ingrowth formation in root epidermal cells and infoldings in Hartig net hyphae. Alnusrubra – A. diplophloeus ectomycorrhizae had an interface lacking epidermal cell wall ingrowths but with infoldings in Hartig net hyphae. The interface between E. pilularis –. tinctorius consisted of branching Hartig net hyphae between radially enlarged epidermal cells lacking wall ingrowths. Ectomycorrhizae between B. alleghaniensis and L. bicolor developed unique interfac...


The electro-mechanical drive proposed comprises an electric motor (15), a transmission (17) and a restoring spring. In order to improve the ability of a drive of this kind to close the door, particularly in the event of a power failure, a large coil spring (25) is used as the restoring spring, the electric motor (15) being short-circuited when it is not powered in order to create a generator effect.


Interlanguage and its fossilization is an important subject in second language acquisition research. This paper intends to present some exploration of interlanguage and its fossilization from the following aspects: the features of interlanguage, the major causes of its fossilization and the implication to teaching.


Aligning the alignment device is provided with a light source for emitting alignment light, such as a built-in camera. Further, alignment of optical axis of light source, for example, detected by the camera coaxially with the alignment light is emitted. Aligning a mask and light is irradiated to the substrate, the reflected light is detected by the camera. There is also a microlens array for exposure between the mask alignment mark and the substrate alignment mark, thereby, the reflection from the substrate alignment mark erect equal-magnification image is imaged on the mask. Furthermore, the camera detected by the mask alignment marks and substrate alignment marks reflected light, the control means of the mask alignment substrate. Thus, the alignment of the substrate and the mask can be performed with high accuracy.


The leader is the person who leads. While the leader is his position. In another sense, etymologically the term leadership comes from the basic word "lead" which means guidance or guidance. Brodjonegoro (2018) workers in all fields in the era of Industrial Revolution 4.0 are required to have digital skills, both technical and managerial workforce. In addition to the demand for appropriate skills, it turns out that social skills are also very much needed in working in the era of the Industrial Revolution 4.0. The results of studies in several developed countries indicate that there is an increasing need for analytical non-routine skills and interactive non-routine skills. While the need for routine cognitive skills, non-routine manuals, and manual routines has decreased. Ideal leadership is leadership that follows the demands of the 4.0 industrial revolution. leaders who follow technological developments leaders must have skills in influencing, encouraging, guiding, directing, and mobilizing others who have to do with the implementation and development of education and teaching in the industrial revolution era 4.0.


This thesis presents a systematic approach to solving the problem of large deflections in the ZBee vehicle, proposing feasible insert solutions while reducing weight and increasing efficiency were ...


Ruptures of the middle and lower part of the rectus femoris muscle are seen essentially in the footballer during a shoot at goal. Often unrecognised initially, they warrant surgical treatment in the sportsman. The anatomical appearances of these complete or partial ruptures are described. The authors propose a new technique of reinsertion, relying upon the posterior aponeurotic layer, using non-absorbable sutures. Results were satisfactory in 10 cases out of 11.


Workers' sports is an important part of National Health Plan.This article analyzes the current sports situation of workersin Yongkang City,points out the situation and features.In the future,Yongkang City will mainly focus on the development of units,the system sports,to develop community sports,pay attention to sports for old,form the pattern of the Trinity,the same frequency with the vibration.It plays a key role for developing sports planned and step by step.


specific agent employed. It is also well recognized that carefully controlled double blind studies of therapeutic agents used in angina pectoris have often failed to reveal that any significant benefit has been derived from the use of these drugs., Since frequent sympathetic examinations alone appear to be of significant benefit to patients with angina pectoris, the evaluation of drugs used in the treatment of this disease requires a controlled


We propose an enhanced mechanism for selecting partners for multi-attribute negotiation. The mechanism employs possibilistic case-based reasoning. The possibility of successful negotiation for each potential partner is predicted on the basis of its behaviour in previous multi-attribute negotiations. The qualitative expected utility for each potential partner is derived and the agents are ordered according to the values of these utilities. The order determines who is more and who is less desirable partner for negotiation. The proposed approach allows choosing the most prospective negotiation partners based on small sample of historical cases of previous interactions even if the previous situations are different from the current one. A simple example of calculations is presented to demonstrate the proposed approach.


Knowledge of Diverse Learners (KDL) is increasingly recognized as an essential component of knowledge base for effective teaching as in today's schools, teachers must be prepared to teach a diverse population of student (Banks et al. 2005). In other words, teachers need to be aware that their students in a classroom are and always have been different from one another in a variety of ways. KDL refers to an understanding of diversity of students in terms of their abilities and interests and how they respond to diverse situations; an application of different teaching strategies; and how various types of classroom activities might be managed. Although KDL has come to be seen as important, details of its development, depth and quality among pre-service teachers (PSTs) has remained something of mystery, as has the capability of PSTs to adapt and employ KDL into their actual teaching. As an effort to develop coherent understanding of the feature of prospective teachers regarding KDL, this paper addresses three questions. First, to what extent are the PSTs prepared for KDL as they are finishing the teacher education programmes? Secondly, how do the PSTs apply the KDL in their teaching practices? Thirdly, how do PSTs reflect on their practice in undertaking the elements of KDL during the teaching practices? This paper illustrates the results of a study involving a sample of 74 PSTs at a university in Malaysia. At the beginning of the study, 74 PSTs were given a questionnaire. 11 PSTs have been observed and interviewed. Result indicates that PSTs were able to develop KDL and show their understanding of it, yet not readily apply such knowledge in modified situations


In this session, the authors discussed the two opposing views they have found in the Information Security literature and have confirmed through their research. On one side is a belief that in conjunction with a global infrastructure (i.e., the Internet), global solutions (i.e., the rules for privacy and personal data protection) should be used. On the other side is a belief that even in the globally connected world, it may be appropriate for each country to establish customized solutions that are in accordance with its economy, sociopolitical structure and culture. However, it seems that looking at privacy and security issues through such a binary lens may be counterproductive for opening a much-needed discourse on these important topics.


With the wider availability of computed brain tomography (CT) not only is it possible to predict which patients are likely to suffer adverse effects from lumbar puncture (LP) (Gower et al. 1987) but it has also become unnecessary to puncture several categories of patient who required this investigation in the pre-CT era. Thus LP is unnecessary both in patients with an intracranial mass lesion and in the majority of patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH, Macdonald and Mendelow 1988). Indeed, it is probably unwise to LP some patients with SAH as there is evidence that prolonged CSF drainage leads to an increased risk of aneurysmal rupture (Hasan et al. 1989). However, LP is essential in the management of CNS infection and valuable in excluding SAH, so long as it is done within 21 days of the ictus (Walton 1956; Vermeulen et al. 1983); in addition, it is useful in the investigation of certain vascular, toxic, inflammatory, degenerative and immunological disorders of the CNS.


ObjectiveTo study the effects of pregnancy psychological intervention on postpartum anxiety and depression.Methods One study group included 270 pregnant women,and the other group included 268 relations .The study groups received psychological intervention .The compared group included 269 pregnant women receiving normal health care.All groups were evaluated with SDS,SAS at the pregnancy and 1 week,1 month and 6 month after parturition.ResultsThe incidence rates of postpartum depression and anxiety were significantly different between the study groups and the compared group.Conclusion Psychological intervention on pregnant women and their relations should help to stable emotion of the postpartum women,and reduce the incidence rate of postpartum depression and anxiety.


Abstract Background and aims The family of serrated polyps (SP) includes hyperplastic polyps (HP), sessile serrated adenomas/polyps, and traditional serrated adenoma. We investigated whether SP synchronous with adenoma at index colonoscopy is associated with metachronous advanced colorectal neoplasia (CRN). Methods Patients with ≥ 1 adenoma on index colonoscopy and who had undergone a follow-up colonoscopy were included. The patients were divided into four groups according to the presence of SP and advanced adenoma (AA) on index colonoscopy (non-AA, non-AA + SP, AA, AA + SP). The cumulative incidence of metachronous advanced CRN at surveillance colonoscopy was compared between groups. Results Among a total of 2209 patients, the numbers of patients in the non-AA, non-AA + SP, AA, and AA + SP groups were 922, 441, 625, and 221, respectively. The cumulative incidence of metachronous advanced CRN was higher in patients in the AA + SP group than that in the AA group (P<0.001), and there was no significant difference between the non-AA + SP group and the non-AA group (P = 0.06). The cumulative incidence of metachronous advanced CRN at 3 years was 17.9 % [95 % confidence interval (CI) 8.0–27.6], 10.7 % [95 %CI 7.7–3.6], 3.5 % [95 %CI 1.3–5.6], and 3.4 % [95 %CI 2.0–4.7] in the AA + SP, AA, non-AA + SP, and non-AA group, respectively. In a multivariate analysis, overall SP [hazard ratio (HR) 2.24; 95 %CI 1.38–3.64, P = 0.001], proximal SP (HR 2.31; 95 %CI 1.32–4.08), and HP (HR 2.19; 95 %CI 1.35–3.57) were risk factors for metachronous advanced CRN in patients with AA on index colonoscopy. Conclusions Coexistent AA and SP on index colonoscopy significantly increased the risk of metachronous advanced CRN compared with AA alone. Further large prospective studies are needed to confirm whether more intensive follow-up improves outcomes in these high risk patients.


-To test the hypothesis that absence of song-perches limits use of habitat by breeding grassland birds, we placed artificial 1-m tall song-perches in two experimental plots in Maine. We found no evidence to support this hypothesis. Although these artificial songperches were used frequently as singing perches, species composition and territory densities on these plots were nearly identical to those found on two reference plots. Furthermore, we found no differences in territory densities between species that sing flight-songs and species that sing from fixed perches. Our results indicate that: (1) the absence of song-perches did not limit grassland birds at this site, and (2) that a variety of habitat parameters probably influence the habitat selection process. Thus, it appears unlikely that the long-term population declines reported for many species of grassland birds in eastern North America can be mitigated by simple measures such as adding artificial song-perches to grassland habitats. It is more likely that a variety of factors, possibly on both the breeding and wintering grounds, are involved in these long-term declines.


We developed an ELISA for the detection of thyroglobulin antibodies of MTP. With the test the determination of Tab is simple and has a high sensibility and a high specificity. It was carried out estimations of titres, which give informations for the diagnostic of autoimmune diseases of the thyroid.


The stomach or intestines may be distended with gas and the patient then complaints ofwind' or flatulence or in America, `gas'. The wind may be belched through the mouth or passed per rectum. Chamberlain and Ogilvie (1967) have observed that flatulence is common in many types of digestive disorders, but even more in functional than in organic diseases. The gas in the great majority of cases of gastric flatulence is often swallowed (Maddock, 1952), but both in the stomach and in the intestines excessive fermentation may be responsible for its accumulation. When air is injected into the stomach, it will pass through the small intestine to the caecum in 10 minutes and results in the passage of flatus in 30 minutes. The resulting indigestion or dyspepsia has no sharply defined meaning. Some authorities restrict the term to a multitude of symptoms aside from outspoken pain. It is in these symptoms of various digestive disorders that tablet Gasex has been used. Gasex is a combination of indigenous drugs, and has been used sporadically by workers like Massa (1959) and Eis (1969) with good results. A well-planned study was undertaken by the authors of this article to evaluate the efficacy of the drug in common abdominal complaints such as heartburn and acid regurgitation, nausea and vomiting, gaseous distension and belching and the various forms of distress such as a feeling of fullness or pressure that cannot be catalogued strictly as pain, in 50 patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS Fifty patients were included in the ppresent clinical trial of Gasex (a product of the Himalaya Drug Co.). The patients were selected from those who either attended the medical Out-patient Department or were admitted to various medical wards of P.B.M. Group of Hospitals, for various disorders with gastrointestinal complaints. Each patient was given 3 tablets of Gasex, three time a day for 2 to 3 weeks and the effect of the drug in the form of relief of symptoms was observed.


Natural language processing can assist scientists to leverage the increasing amount of information contained in scientific bibliography. The current trend, based on deep learning and embeddings, uses representations at the (sub)word level that require large amounts of training data and neural architectures with millions of parameters to learn successful language models, like BERT. However, these representations may not be well suited for the scientific domain, where it is common to find complex terms, e.g. multi-word, with a domain-specific meaning in a very specific context. In this paper we propose an approach based on a linguistic analysis of the corpus using a knowledge graph to learn representations that can unambiguously capture such terms and their meaning. We learn embeddings from different linguistic annotations on the text and evaluate them through a classification task over the SciGraph taxonomy, showing that our representations outperform (sub)word-level approaches.


The semiconductor device includes a first storing the data input through the first pad in synchronization with the test data strobe signal or a first data strobe signal to the first cell block, and the print data stored in the first cell block to the first pad, data input and output unit; A second data input and output for storing the data input through the second pad in synchronization with the test data strobe signal or a second data strobe signal to a second cell block, and outputs the data stored in the second cell block to the second pad part; In the test mode, and it comprises a connecting portion for connecting the second pad to the first pad.


The precipitation of calcium laurate from solution has been studied using a stopped-flow spectrophotometric technique. From measurements of turbidity at two different wavelengths, particle radii and number concentration were calculated using Rayleigh-Debye theory, the results being checked by electron microscopy and laser counting. The change from heterogeneous to homogeneous nucleation was observed on increasing the supersaturation above 5. Chronomal analysis indicated two possible rate determining steps in the growth of particles, and a diffusion coefficient (D= 6.4 × 10–6 cm2 s–1) and an interfacial tension (σ= 34.4 mN m–1) were obtained. Finally, the influence of micelles on the precipitation process was investigated using the calcium salt of sodium dodecyl sulphate. The results indicated that the micelles merely acted as reservoirs of Ca2+ and surfactant, the dissociation or breakdown of the micelle not being rate-determining.


Congenital syphilis is still considered an important public health problem, even though it is a disease that is easily diagnosed and totally preventable. Objective: To identify the knowledge of pregnant women in relation to syphilis during pregnancy. Methodology: This is an exploratory-descriptive field study with a qualitative approach, applied to 15 pregnant women in a Family Clinic in the west of the city of Rio de Janeiro - RJ, Brazil. Results: Low level of education making it difficult to understand the disease and, in most cases, pregnant women undergo treatment, but in contrast, partners do not perform it for several reasons: they are not informed of the disease by their partner or do not take medication for fear. Conclusion: Pregnant women claim to have entered prenatal care easily, but there are still gaps in the performance of appropriate treatment and awareness of partners to embarrass the treatment, in addition to little knowledge about the disease.


. Two hundred and twenty-one adult patients were splenectomized for various hematologic disorders, including immunologic thrombocytopenia (80 cases), hereditary spherocytosis (15 cases), autoimmune hemolytic anemia (20 cases) chronic lymphatic leukemia (27 cases), lymphosarcoma (27 cases), myelofibrosis (11 cases) and pancytopenia/aplastic anemia (14 cases). Complete and lasting remission was achieved by 72 % of patients with immunologic thrombocytopenia and by 60% of patients with autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Improvement was seen in 74 % of patients with lymphosarcoma, in 55% of those with chronic lymphatic leukemia and in 63 % of those with myelofibrosis, whereas only one of 14 patients with pancytopenia/aplastic anemia had any benefit of splenectomy. Of 8 postoperative deaths (3.6 %), 6 were caused by septicemia and 2 by hemorrhage. Non-fatal complications, mainly infections and hemorrhages, occurred in 49 patients (22 %) and were most frequent in cases with massive splenomegaly (>1000 g) or severe thrombocytopenia (<20 × 109/l). Also, more complications occurred in chronic lymphatic leukemia and myelofibrosis than in other diseases. Late postsplenectomy fulminant infection was seen in 8 patients (3.6%), the type of infection being septicemia in 6 and meningitis in 2, and 6 of them died. We conclude that splenectomy is often of considerable benefit in the various hematologic disorders presently studied and sufficiently well tolerated to make it applicable as a therapeutic modality. The present results confirm the current view that splenectomy has little if any effect in patients with aplastic anemia.


Standard real business cycle models predict a rise in employment following a technology shock. In contrast, numerous empirical studies show that a technology shock leads to a decline in labor input. In this paper, we demonstrate that a flexible price model enriched with interpersonal comparison of consumption expenditures is able to generate a fall in employment in response to a technology shock. The negative labor response is robust to different values assigned to the inverse Frisch elastictiy of labor supply and integrating capital adjustment cost into the model.


This is a work that will delight its readers. Barbara Kingsolver writes "I've been waiting nearly all my life for a book like this-as it turns out, literally! I am thrilled that the Historical Thesaurus is now a reality. The only problem is that I may dive in and never come out again. This is a word lover's dream". Randolph Quirk describes it as follows. "Fortyfive years of exacting scholarship by a well-led team have had a triumphal outcome. This book is a magnificent achievement of quite extraordinary value. It is perhaps the single most significant tool ever devised for investigating semantic, social, and intellectual history".1 It is hard to imagine what more a reviewer can say! What I will therefore do in this review is provide a brief overview of the contents, the organization, and some of the (many) uses of the Historical Thesaurus of the Oxford English Dictionary (hence HTOED). The two volumes include 920,000 words/meanings and weigh over 15 pounds. Volume 1 contains the actual thesaurus and volume 2 the index. The thesaurus is divided into three parts, the external, the mental, and the social world, quite common since e.g. Roget's 1852 Thesaurus. The HTOED is unique in that it traces the chronological development of lexical items from Old English to the current period. It has two goals: (a) "to give a history ... of the words used to express the concept or object ... including losses, additions, and straightforward replacements", and (b) "to act as a thesaurus for any period in the past"


Background  Breastfeeding is undisputedly preferable to formula feeding for infant nutrition because of its nutritional, immunological and psychological benefits. However, studies on the association between breastfeeding and development of atopic dermatitis (AD) have shown inconsistent results.


Oral hygiene is an important aspect of dental health and is considered to be an essential field as it involves both the oral and general health of the individual. Maintaining proper oral hygiene is essential and requires knowledge that should be imposed on people by a well-trained health educator. Oral health is not only implied by proper brushing, but also through frequent and regular visits to the dentist which helps in early detection and diagnosis of both oral and general diseases. The present study was conducted to assess the knowledge about oral hygiene and to determine the need to spread awareness on the same. A self-administered questionnaire consisting of 9 questions was circulated and the results were interpreted. The present study inferred that most of the people were aware of maintaining proper oral hygiene but however felt that there was a lack of established dental clinics around the urban areas. Further, there was a need to instill the importance of regular dental check-ups and spread awareness on the illeffects of improper oral hygiene. The study concluded that there was a need to enhance the knowledge of the population on the importance of good oral hygiene and dental check-ups. Original Research Article Kishore et al.; JPRI, 32(27): 106-115, 2020; Article no.JPRI.59735 107


SUMMARY INTRODUCTION: the increase of the senior citizen population in the world and the proportional widespread of late appearance illnesses, especially different kinds of mental-illnesses (dementia) who demands especial care required carry out epidemiological studies in multiple contexts to give health comities and governmental organizations the needed tools to planify the resources and media attention to the ones who have already served the country as full time workers. OBJECTIVES: to describe and quantify the socio-demographical and clinical features of elderly people over 60 years of age in Neiva, and finding out the prevalence index of mental disorders (dementia) in this population and the related factors that might be considered as possible risk ones. METHODS: it's about a descriptive quantitative transversal study carried out in two consecutive phases by a multidisciplinary group applying in evermore of them the tests and criteria worldwide used in these cases; the total population of elderly people of Neiva according to the already set projection in the year 2005 was 25.142 and the sample was 643 taken in random testing. RESULTS: in a significant sample of 60 years of age and more randomly selected according to the socio-economical status we found a global dementia prevalence of 23.6 por ciento and many risk factors related to this being the low study level (more than 80 por ciento), harsh living conditions (over population of the lowest status 92 por ciento) and some illnesses the most frequents (Acta Neurol Colomb 2006;22:243-248).


Map shows Fort Ontario, port configuration and lighthouse for Oswego Harbor on Lake Ontario. Depths shown by soundings. Scale [ca. 1:2,670].


Peeter Torop Department of Semiotics, University of Tartu "The Tartu School as a School" The paper addresses the question in what sense the Tartu school of semiotics constituted and still constitutes a coherent research community, and in what sense it can be called a school. The author discusses especially two aspects of this question: first, the Tartu school as a trend in semiotic research, and secondly, as a semiotic doctrine. The leading role of Yuri Lotman, the evolution of his thought, and his influence on the school during his lifetime and after his death are exposed as well as the contribution and impact of the school abroad.


Marine sediments may easily accumulate contaminants, posing a high risk to human health and biota. Beneficial use applications exist for natural sediments and sediments contaminated with organic and inorganic pollutants. In this research, the term marine sediments (MSs) was used to refer to all marine sediments, which could be clean, natural marine sediments, as well as contaminated marine sediments and dredged materials, as the main focus of this research. Sediment remediation often involves costly and time-consuming processes. Assessment frameworks are essential for selecting suitable remediation alternatives for MSs. This research aims to provide regulatory frameworks for the sustainable beneficial use of all marine sediments. No studies have been reported on this issue in Colombia until now. The current states of marine sediments on the Colombian Caribbean Coast were mainly investigated. Concentrations of specific harmful heavy metals (HHMs) in Colombia's sediments were higher than the environmental standards of various nations. Ex situ remediation technologies were evaluated through cost–benefit analysis and environmental feasibility to be adopted in Colombia. The results identified solidification/stabilization (S/S) as promising technologies. Sustainable remediation of MSs may offer ample opportunities for environmental enhancement and economic benefits. Continuous research and adopting appropriate environmental regulations, such as the London Protocol 1996, would contribute to effectively managing all marine sediments in Colombia. More innovative and cost-effective remediation technologies with beneficial uses would still be needed. Decision makers may use the proposed frameworks to select optimal remediation alternatives and implement sustainable MSs management by achieving their beneficial uses.


Starting with the incident now known as the cow's head protest, this article traces and unpacks the events, techniques, and conditions surrounding the representation of ethno-religious minorities in Malaysia. The author suggests that the Malaysian Indians' struggle to correct the dominant reading of their community as an impoverished and humbled underclass is a disruption of the dominant cultural order in Malaysia. The struggle is also among the key events to have set in motion a set of dynamics—the visual turn—introduced by new media into the politics of ethno-communal representation in Malaysia. Believing that this situation requires urgent examination the author attempts to outline the problematics of the task.


This paper deals with the demand for money, including narrow money (M1) and broad money (M2) in China. We use the cointegration and error-correction model to formulate the function of money demand and merge the short-run and long-run equations to give forecasts over different horizons. In particular, we combine very simple artificial neural networks (ANNs) with the cointegration and error-correction model to give a nonlinear model. These models are quarterly models, sampled from the first quarter of 1980 to the fourth quater of 1994, and the multi-step forecasts are from the first quarter of 1990 to the fourth quarter of 1994. Both the fitted values and predictive values for M1 and M2 are satisfactory. Finally, we give forecasts for M2 from the first quarter of 1995 to the second quarter of 1996.


The majority of books, studies, and publications on adolescence are written by adults, whose frequent focus on unbridled adolescent sexuality, adolescents in crisis, or immature adolescents does not seem to correspond to the self-image of adolescents. All authors agree that adolescence is the period between childhood and adulthood beginning at puberty, but opinions differ as to the termination of adolescence and entrance into adulthood. The most significant consensus about adolescence is its tendency to become prolonged. The majority of authors regard adolescence as a preparation for adult life and hence as a natural phase necessary and indispensable to human existence. Ethnographic studies of societies that do not acknowledge adolescence demonstrate, however, that it is not a natural phase. It is also evident that comparatively few roles in modern society require lengthy periods of preparation such as adolescence. It is therefore difficult to regard adolescence as a time of preparation for adult life. From a historic perspective, adolescence emerged with the socioeconomic transformations of industrialization. Mechanization and automation excluded numerous types of workers, especially young workers, from the labor force. Adolescence represents marginalization of young people in response to socioeconomic exigencies rather than a period of preparation for a better adult life. The marginalization is internalized in the consciousness of adults and youth alike and in their hierarchical relations. The marginalization of young people is expressed in the domain of sexuality by the fact that, although physiologically mature, adolescents are not viewed as psychologically mature enough to have children. Adolescents have sexual relations at increasingly young ages, but unlike adults they are not permitted by society the choice of having a child. Contraception, an option for adults, becomes obligatory for sexually active adolescents. The refusal of contraception or failure to use it correctly on the part of some adolescents may be signs of rebellion against this constraint on their sexuality.


Research that defines the role of fire in upland red oak-pine ecosystems in central Ontario is being conducted by the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence Silviculture program. Site-specific fire histories are being developed that document fire frequency, fire behavior, fire effects on forest regeneration and grwoth, and the influnce of human activites on fire disturbances. This information will provide an ecological basis for developing silviculture prescriptions that use prescribed burning to promote oak regeneration, and to maintain or restore fire dependent forests by emulating natural disturbance processes.


Mapping the energy distribution of Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) devices operating in the Very High Frequency (VHF) and Super-High Frequency (SHF) range provides a quantitative indicator of energy confinement, a core parameter when addressing low loss filters or high quality factor resonators. We here demonstrate the use of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) for mapping Rayleigh wave acoustic field and shear transverse wave (STW) propagating on quartz. Furthermore, the availability of Focused Ion Beam (FIB) for milling the piezoelectric substrate allows for creating obstacles on the acoustic path and hence tune the acoustic wave propagation direction by reflecting the waves along directions which might otherwise exhibit poor electromechanical coupling.