Presents a theoretically based practical example of an organizational development process in the Austrian public administration from 1987 to 1994/95. Discusses a large scale reform endeavour, Verwaltungsmanagement, on a federal level. Comments on the strengths and weaknesses of the overall project goals and the improvement in effectiveness and efficiency of the chosen project steps. The key words of the project were performance accounting and performance responsibility. Suggests that the term Verwaltungsmanagement indicates that the focus of the reform on a management orientation was necessary as well as fashionable. Discusses the contents, organization, methods and procedures, main results and further outcomes of this important and controversial project.


The fungal disease Cylindrocladium black rot (CBR) was first found in 1965 in peanut in southwest Georgia. It was not until 1975 and 1976 that CBR was first found in peanut in Florida, in Alachua and Columbia counties. In the mid 1980s CBR was found in peanut in the panhandle section of Florida. Since 1975, CBR has been found in alfalfa, clovers, and soybean. Also, CBR has been found in hairy indigo, coffeeweed, and beggarweed in Florida. Among the weed species in the central Florida area, hairy indigo is the weed that is most commonly seen with CBR. In soybean, this disease is sometimes called red crown rot. Other crops reported to be susceptible to CBR are cowpea, bean, blueberry, and tobacco but in Florida CBR has not been found in these four crops. However, in blueberry, a related fungus has caused disease in Florida.


A chronological analysis of the Argentinian insect pests affecting not only native but introduced tree species as well, is presented. The main pests were arranged in accordance with their economical consequences and allocated by taking into consideration their taxonomy (Order, Family and Species). The insect geographical distribution, host species and damages are also described. The families included are: Formicidae, Cerambicidae; Curculionidae, Platipodidae, Chrysomelidae, Tortricidae, Psichidae, Hemileucidae, Megalopygidae, Phycitidae, Pyralididae, Aphididae, Adelgidae and Cercopidae .


The invention relates to a solar photovoltaic heat pump system, which comprises a solar photovoltaic electricity generation system, a recycle cooling system and a heat pump hot water system. A waterside inlet of an evaporator is connected with an inlet branch of a condenser through a branch, a fourth temperature control valve is arranged in the middle part, a cooler is pasted on the back of a photovoltaic component, an outlet of the cooler is respectively connected with a hot water storage tank and a constant-temperature water tank through a second temperature control valve and a first temperature control valve, a left side branch in the lower part of the hot water storage tank is connected with the cooler through a first recycle water pump, a right side branch in the upper part of the hot water storage tank is connected with the waterside inlet of the evaporator through a second recycle water pump and a third temperature control valve, an outlet of the evaporator is connected with the lower right side of the hot water storage tank through a pipe, the waterside inlet of the evaporator is connected with a third recycle water pump and the constant water tank in series through the pipe, a refrigeration loop of the evaporator is connected with a regenerator and is connected with an air entry and an exhaust outlet of a compressor through a liquid storage tank, and the inlet and the outlet of the condenser is connected with the evaporator entry through the regenerator and the electronic expansion valve.


New experimental branching fractions and transition probabilities are reported for 56 transitions in FeII. The branching fractions are measured with a Fourier transform spectrometer and also with a high-resolution grating spectrometer on an optically thin hollow cathode discharge. Highly accurate experimental radiative lifetimes from the recent literature provide the normalization required to convert our branching fractions into absolute transition probabilities. Results are compared with experimental and theoretical values in the literature. Our new transition probabilities will establish the absolute scale for relative absorption oscillator strengths of vacuum ultraviolet lines measured using a new high-sensitivity absorption experiment at the University of Wisconsin. {copyright} {ital 1996 The American Astronomical Society.}


Objective To investigate the effects of rosiglitazone on the expression of adiponectin in early diabetic nephropathy.Methods Eighty patients with type 2 diabetes and early diabetic nephropathy were randomly divided into two groups:rosiglitazone group(n = 40) and control group(n = 40).Patients in rosiglitazone group received rosiglitazone 4 mg/d and other treatment of lowering blood glucose while those in control group were treated without rosiglitazone.The fasting blood glucose(FBG),2-hour postprandial blood glucose(2hPG),HbA1c,fasting insulin(Fins),high sensitive C-reactive protein(hsCRP),adiponectin(APN),urine microalbumin(MA),and urine creatinine(UCr) were measured before and 12 weeks after treatment.Results The FBG,2hPG,HbA1c,Fins,HOMA-IR,and urine albumin excretion ratio(UAER) were significantly decreased in the two groups after treatment(P 0.05).HOMA-IR and UAER were decreased significantly in rosiglitazone group than those in control group(P 0.05).The level of hsCRP was decreased significantly(P 0.05),while the concentration of APN was increased significantly(P 0.05) in rosiglitazone group after treatment,but were not changed in control group.Conclusion Rosiglitazone may play a protective role in diabetic nephropathy by inhibiting inflammatory response.


This report gathers evidence of impacts of the Voluntary Partnership Agreement (VPA) process of the Forest Law Enforcement, Governance and Trade Action Plan (FLEGT) so far, across a sample of three countries (Cameroon, Ghana, and Indonesia) and four thematic areas (Sustainable forest management and forest conditions; Relation and development of the formal and informal forest sector; Jobs and employment; Law enforcement and compliance). One of the first findings of this study is that there is progress on many VPA-related targets and that for most of these observed changes, VPA contribution is generally positive and rarely negative. Using a similar approach in the three selected countries allows us to get a more global picture and provide a useful tool to assess VPA impact more globally, and it allows lessons to be derived for other VPA countries as well as for the VPA process itself.Country desk reviews are also available:IndonesiaGhanaCameroon


PURPOSE
The distally based fasciocutaneous flaps of the leg are very useful for the treatment of skin defects at the lower third of the leg and the foot, but the venous congestion due to the reverse flow can be responsible of necrosis at the distal part of the flap. The anastomosis of the lesser saphenous vein which is included in the flap's dissection to the greater saphenous vein near the defect avoid this venous congestion and the necrosis of the most useful part of the flap for the coverage of these defects.

MATERIAL AND METHODS
From January 1999 to June 2005, 15 patients aged between 22 and 64 years old have benefited for the treatment of soft tissue defects secondary to trauma with a mean diameter of 7 x 10 cm and located in 7 cases at the lower third of the leg and in 8 cases at the posterior side of the heel, from distally based posterior fasciocutaneous flaps where the venous reverse flow has been changed in a physiological one by the terminolateral anastomosis between the lesser and greater saphenous vein. The dissection of these flaps was classical except that the lesser saphenous vein was dissected 6 cm beyond the proximal part of the flap in the popliteal region.

RESULTS
In all these flaps, there was no venous congestion and no arterial problems. With a mean follow-up of 40 months, the coverage's quality of these defects was very satisfactory. No sequellae are reported.

CONCLUSION
The anastomosis between the lesser and the greater saphenous veins seems to eliminate the main source of failure of the distally based fasciocutaneous flap of the leg and can reinforce the indications of these flaps for the treatment of such defects.


Beckmann rearrangement of cyclohexanone oxime with zeolite as catalyst is an very important way of e-caprolactam synthesis.Now,new synthetic route and new kind of catalyst are the aim of research.The progress of e-caprolactam synthesis via Beckmann rearrangement in recent years was introduced in this article in some respects such as the new production methods and technology,the development of new kind of catalyst and its properties,and structural modification of original catalysts etc.And then,an opinion was given about how to achieve greater development on the synthesis of e-caprolactam.


Objective To explore the protective effect of ischemic preconditioning(IPC)and tetramethylpyrazine(TMP)against ischemic reperfusion(IR)injury in brain,and their relationship with extracellular signal-regulated kinase. Methods Forty healthy male SD rats were randomly assigned into 5 groups:control group,IR group,TMP+IR group,IPC+IR group,TMP+IPC+IR group.The IR injury model was established by tetramethylpyrazine and global brain ischemia reperfusion.The rats were executed at preset time.The pathological changes of cerebral cortex were observed by HE.The expression of p-ERK was detected by SP immunohistochemistry. Results ①Histopathological examination showed that the IR damages of cerebral cortex were lessened in TMP+IR group and IPC+IR group.The cerebral ischemic reperfusion injury significantly alleviated in TMP+IPC+IR group.②The p-ERK positive cell numbers in IR group were higher than in control group(P0.01),and also higher than in IPC+IR group,TMP+IR group,TMP+IPC+IR group(P0.01).The p-ERK positive cell numbers in TMP+IPC+IR group were significantly lower than in IPC+IR group and TMP+IR group(P0.01). Conclusion ①Ischemic preconditioning and tetramethylpyrazine can both alleviate cerebral ischemic reperfusion injury.②Tetramethylpyrazine and ischemic preconditioning have a synergetic protective effect on cerebral ischemic reperfusion injury.③Cerebral protective effect above-mentioned is related with ERK.


Proposing a reaffirmation, for musical composition, of imaginative figurational invention as idea within expressive harmonic syntax, this text challenges the tendency in 20th-century music toward systematization and process affording only textural values.


A new technique for signal denoising is presented The method is specifically designed to perform a very accurate filtering of signals corrupted by random-valued impulse noise. The proposed approach adopts fuzzy models in order to estimate the degree of waveform corruption and then apply the appropriate noise correction. The parallel filtering architecture combines effective noise removal and preservation of the signal waveform. Computer simulations show that the proposed method gives better results than using conventional techniques.


In the paper formal models of software systems and their components based on the notion of an abstract machine are discussed. Necessity to model systems with data accumulation sets the problem of study of generalizations of the notion of an abstract automaton. In the paper two generalizations, namely, preautomata and protoautomata, are considered. It is shown that passing from automata via preautomata to protoautomata can be naturally realized using the language and methods of category theory.


Abstract Using the method of delayed coincidences the lifetimes of positrons from 22Na have been determined in various materials, the 1·28 mev γ-ray of 22Na announcing the emission of a positron. A lifetime of (1·6±0·6 x 10-10 sec) has been deduced in aluminium, and comparative measurements show that it does not differ from this in other metals studied by us and by other writers. A second lifetime of (2·5±0·3 × 10-9 sec) involving (0·27±0·03) of the positrons has been found in distrene at room temperature. This lfetime has been found to increase by about 10% for 115≥c rise in temperature. Three quantum emission from distrene has been found to be small. Experiments have also been carried out in plastic sulphur and magnetized iron.


The utility model relates to a water tower of usefulness is irrigated to water conservancy, which comprises a bracket, a water tank is provided on the support, water tank one side upper end is equipped with the inlet tube, water tank upper end being equipped with to catchment and fighting, and the lower extreme is equipped with first irrigation pipe, a working shaft is provided on the water tank one side, the working shaft is connected with the second irrigation pipe mutually. The utility model discloses a setting is catchmented fill, the first irrigation pipe, working shaft and second irrigation pipe, is provided the farmland edge in the middle of or with the water tank like this, can follow inlet tube water injection toward the water tank in at when used not like this, it fights to catchment simultaneously can collect the water tank with the rainwater in, when needing the when used, when the dried up case in the position of required water supply is near, can irrigate the first irrigation pipe of water delivery pipe connector, when the dried up case in the position of required water supply than far the time, can be with water delivery pipe connector second irrigation pipe, the while working shaft can be selected the water pressure play so as required, the practicality is good, has further guaranteed the output of crops.


Abstract : Tracking performance and reaction time to the appearance of a light (red lights) and disappearance of a light (green lights) of highly trained subjects were measured during four experimental conditions. There were two conditions of 85 dB and 110 dB broadband noise exposure, and two conditions in which these noise exposures were combined with 0.25G vertical vibration at 5 Hz. Duration of exposure for each condition was 19 minutes. Vibration was found to have an adverse effect on both the horizontal and vertical dimensions of the tracking task and on reaction time to both sets of lights. Noise had a significant effect, both with and without vibration, but only on the vertical part of the tracking task. On vertical tracking, the detrimental effect of noise was additive to that of vibration when both noise and vibration were presented simultaneously (110dB noise and 0.25G vertical vibration at 5 Hz). (Author)


Osteopontin (OPN) is a secreted calcium‐binding phosphoprotein produced in a variety of normal and pathological contexts, including tissue mineralization and cancer. OPN contains a conserved RGD (arg‐gly‐asp) amino acid sequence that has been implicated in binding of OPN to cell surface integrins. To determine whether the RGD sequence in OPN is required for adhesive and chemotactic functions, we have introduced two site‐directed mutations in the RGD site of the mouse OPN cDNA, in which the RGD sequence was either deleted or mutated to RGE (arg‐gly‐glu). In order to test the effect of these mutations on OPN function, we expressed control and mutated mouse OPN in E. coli as recombinant glutathione‐S‐transferase (GST)‐OPN fusion proteins. Control mouse GST‐OPN was functional in cell adhesion assays, supporting attachment and spreading of mouse (malignant PAP2 ras‐transformed NIH 3T3, and, to a lesser extent, normal NIH 3T3 fibroblasts) and human (MDA‐MB‐435 breast cancer, and normal gingival fibroblast) cells. In contrast, neither of the RGD‐mutated OPN proteins ("delRGD" or "RGE") supported adhesion of any of the cell lines, even when used at high concentrations or for long assay times. GRGDS (gly‐arg‐gly‐asp‐ser) peptides inhibited cell adhesion to intact GST‐OPN, as well as to fibronectin and vitronectin. In chemotaxis assays, GST‐OPN promoted directed cell migration of both malignant (PAP2, MDA‐MB‐435) and normal (gingival fibroblast, and NIH 3T3) cells, while RGD‐mutated OPN proteins did not. Together these results suggest that the conserved RGD sequence in OPN is required for the majority of the protein's cell attachment and migration‐stimulating functions.


Novel oscillatory behavior has been observed in metal‐oxide‐semiconductor (MOS) capacitors at low temperatures. These observations were made by applying a voltage ramp to an MOS capacitor fabricated on p‐type silicon. The silicon surface was driven from accumulation, through depletion, and into the avalanche regime, repetitively. The surface potential well fills with electrons as avalanche multiplication occurs during ramp‐up, and emits those electrons into the bulk silicon as the well depth decreases during ramp‐down. The filling and emission processes induce displacement current oscillations, which indicates that dynamically quantized two‐dimensional subbands have been observed.


Cloud computing allows for resource management through various means. Some of these include brokering, scheduling, elasticity and
capacity planning and these processes helps in facilitating service utilization. Determining a particular research area especially in terms
of resources management and scalability in the cloud is usually a cumbersome process for a researcher, hence the need for reviews and
paper surveys in identifying potential research gaps. The objective of this work was to carry out a systematic mapping study of resources
management and scalability in the cloud. A systematic mapping study offers a summarized overview of studies that have been carried
out in a particular area of interest. It then presents the results of such overviews graphically using a map. Although, the systematic
mapping process requires less effort, the results are more coarse-grained. In this study, analysis of publications were done based on their
topics, research type and contribution facets. These publications were on research works which focused on resource management,
scheduling, capacity planning, scalability and elasticity. This study classified publications into research facets viz., evaluation, validation,
solution, philosophical, option and experience and contribution facets based on metrics, tools, processes, models and methods used.
Obtained results showed that 31.3% of the considered publications focused on evaluation based research, 19.85% on validation and 32%
on processes. About 2.4% focused on metric for capacity planning, 5.6% focused on tools relating to resource management, while 5.6
and 8% of the publications were on model for capacity planning and scheduling method, respectively. Research works focusing on
validating capacity planning and elasticity were the least at 2.29 and 0.76%, respectively. This study clearly identified gaps in the field of
resources management and scalability in the cloud which should stimulate interest for further studies by both researchers and industry
practitioners.


This vibrant Afropop/Calypso production deftly navigated a tightrope suspended over a chasm between tradition and innovation with joy and élan. Every element of the production, from the impeccable performances to the elaborate costumes that shone in the sparse but seductive setting, facilitated access to this modern twist on an early modern play. As we waited for the late start in the University Theatre adjacent to the Yale School of Drama, the theatre itself seemed to lull the audience into a false sense of calm and security with its projection of deep blue water, moving and reflecting like the surface of a David Hockney pool, as soothing sounds of waves gently caressed an imaginary Illyrian shore. It could have as easily been a meditation class as the preamble to a Shakespeare play. As showtime neared, the waves crashedmore than lapped, and the tension rose with the volume until one lone lightning bolt ripped the screen in two before everything went dark. The programme claimed that Cofield chose to set the play in "Illyria about thirty years from now", but the long, lean, sexy Orsino (William DeMeritt), clad in flowing Aladdin pants that echoed his sexual fluidity and reinforced the water images that abounded in this production, teleported us much further into the future. His "food of love" indeed played on loudly with the highest energy of any first Twelfth Night scene I've seen. A cadre of dancers in white hot pants and hoodies with neon orange reflective trim gyrated and twerked in a number that J.Lo might have choreographed for her backup dancers. The scrim allowed the audience to be privy to the images that Orsino saw through his virtual reality goggles: psychedelic streams of colour punctuated by big, bright images of the object of his affection, writ larger than life on the screen. The amount of real estate Olivia occupied on stage without actually being there effectively represented the amount of real estate she took up in his mind. This level of futuristic feel returned only once as Andrew Aguecheek (Abubakr Ali) and Cesario duelled it out with Jedi-like lightsabers, confusing the programme's claim about how far out in the future the play was meant to take place. The other costumes, set, and staging felt much more neutral and timeless than futuristic. This was one of the few anomalies in the production that I could find. The large blank screen at the back of the sparse, modern sculptural wooden set blazed a hot pink behind Orsino and his entourage, but as soon as they pumped our adrenaline to the point of lifting us from our seats to join them in dance, the screen turned to an oceanic gradient blue–green as a chill, thick mist rolled in far enough to engulf me in the first row, like cool water to soothe a burn. When the fog cleared, Viola (Moses Ingram) appeared. All of Mika H. Eubanks's creative and expressive costumes spoke volumes about the characters even as they engaged and amused us. By affording another way into the play besides Shakespeare's language, they supported and contributed to this production's greatest strength: its accessibility. Viola, in her kente cloth vest beneath a white shantung jacket, deftly ruled the waves of this rollicking production with a carefully crafted and very effective balance of timid humility and sassy self-esteem. We barely had a moment to recover and absorb the impact of the one-two punch of the second scene's plunge into a cold pool after the steamy sauna of the first scene when Olivia (Tiffany Denise Hobbs) entered in a New Orleans funeral parade-style procession, fanning herself with a spray of


Under the circumstance of teaching reform, from the aspects of theoretical attainment, practice, times demand and teaching art, the author holds the view that the ideological and political teachers should focus on the effectiveness, pertinence, life quality and teaching art, which aims to lay a solid foundation of a correct world outlook, outlook on life and values for college students. Keywords—professional qualities; keep pace with times; life quality; teaching art


We use Oberlin, Nazarov, and Thiele's Multi-Frequency Calder\'{o}n-Zygmund decomposition to lower estimates on maximal multipliers in $L^p$. We also improve on classical multiplier results of Coifman, Rubio de Francia, and Semmes.


The application of AutoCAD 2000 in mechanical design is introduced. Integrating VB 5.0 Programming and AutoCAD 2000, the expanding map of skew three connect pipe is made, and a problem in pipe welding is solved.


This research examines the history of gender representations in television programs designed for adolescents to discover how these portrayals have developed and changed over time in order to determine the perceived messages about stereotypical gender norms and roles for adolescents. These messages are important to decode as adolescent males and females can learn gender roles and behaviors from the teen programming that they watch on television. The study investigated the most popular teen television programs from each of the last three decades including Beverly Hills 90210, Buffy the Vampire Slayer, Smallville, One Tree Hill, Pretty Little Liars and Teen Wolf. The first part of the study completed was a textual analysis of the episodes. Secondly, a content analysis was performed on all of the examples from the episodes. The codes used for this study include Language, Sex Roles, Emotionality, and Traditional Roles. Although the majority of gender messages present were normative in that they reinforced gender roles and stereotypes, the findings also suggest that gender representations are becoming less normative as the genre continues to grow and develop. Introduction Every day people all around the world are bombarded with messages from various forms of media. Television is one medium in particular that has become an integral part of the lives of people around the world. The early development of the medium was started in the 1920s, but has grown into an American staple within the last century (Jost, 1994). A statistical analysis completed in 2012 found that 104,841,846 households or 88.83% of American households own at least one television set (Conquest Statistical Datasets). This study also found that 53,447,374 households or 45.28% of American households watch prime time television during the week, from Monday to Sunday (Conquest Statistical Datasets, 2012). This data demonstrates the need to examine the messages that are being portrayed on television, as the medium is so popular among Americans. Although it may only be thought of as an entertainment medium, television can be used for a variety of different reasons such as an "escape" from reality, companionship, The History of Gender Representation in Teen Television Sandonato 2 or just out of habit (Rubin, 1983). Alan Rubin completed a study and found that participants exhibited two main viewing patterns in their motivations to watch television (1983). Although the first type of user focused on television as an entertainment medium, the second type of user was a participant that used television for information seeking (Rubin, 1983). The second type of viewers are "obviously not trying to escape from an information environment, but rather, are using television – and specific genres of informational programming – in order to learn about people, places and events and to instrumentally use this information in interpersonal interaction..." (Rubin, 1983, p. 50). Not only can viewers learn from television, but they actively use this information in their everyday lives. What if, however, a television user is not seeking information; can he or she still be affected by the messages that are being portrayed? One model of television research describes a process in which the creation of programming is not a reproduction but an intentional construction of a world and reality (Wren-Lewis, 1983). Wren-Lewis (1983) describes the encoding/decoding model of television programming as "...a product of a specific set of signifying practices (encoding) whose meanings are ultimately fixed by a second set of signifying practices (decoding)" (p. 179). This is a two-step model in which both the creation of the television show and how the viewer interprets those messages have equal weight (Wren-Lewis, 1983). Recent research (Jesnse, Bernat, Wilson & Goonewardene, 2011; Taylor & Setters, 2011) supports the idea that television messages can be used to create meaning as well as shape attitudes and behaviors. One study found that small effects of television viewing on a person's attitudes and behaviors "can still be meaningful, especially if they The History of Gender Representation in Teen Television Sandonato 3 occur in key-decision making situations. But the present study identified a somewhat larger effect that may happen with some frequency" (Jensen, Bernat, Wilson, & Goonewardene, 2011, p.523). The researchers explain that the more a person is exposed to media that he or she derives meaning from, the more likely the media will have an effect on the person's views and or behaviors (Jensen, Bernat, Wilson & Goonewardene, 2011). Adolescents in particular, consume a great amount of television programming. The Kaiser Family Foundation Study in January 2010 found that 8to 18-year-olds had spent an average of four and a half hours of viewing television in a typical day (Rideout, Foehr, & Roberts, 2010). If the average adolescent spends more than four hours a day viewing television, what affect does this have on the individual's development? Scripts, like those used in television and film, allow people to understand the cues and appropriate responses to certain scenes or situations. An adolescent's formation of gender roles and scripts may be influenced by television portrayals. According to researcher Lionel C. Howard, gender scripts are created from the messages that adolescents receive from different sources such as peers and adults about "appropriate and inappropriate gender behaviors and characteristics" (2012, p.105). Howard also claims that gender scripts are informed by an adolescent's "socio-cultural milieu" and the scripts foster "stereotypical notions and ideals" (2012, p.105). Therefore these scripts give adolescents an idea of what they should and should not do according to their gender. Researchers Laramie Taylor and Tiffany Setters (2011) describe how past studies have shown that presentations of traditional gender stereotypes or presentations that go The History of Gender Representation in Teen Television Sandonato 4 against these stereotypes can affect the beliefs of the viewers. They state that "one type of cognition influenced by exposure to stereotypical media content is gender role expectations (GRE), or those behaviors and attitudes expected of or held as a standard for members of a particular gender" (Taylor & Setters, 2011, p.36). As adolescents watch television programs they develop gender role expectations which can shape their views of gender for the rest of their lives. Therefore, it is important to research the portrayals of gender to determine what messages about femininity and masculinity are being displayed. The problem addressed in this study deals with how these gender stereotypes, specifically on teen television shows, may be affecting the attitudes and behaviors of adolescents. This study examines the history of these representations to determine how they have developed over time and reflected as well as reinforced the gender norms and roles of those times. There have been many studies that indicate television's affect upon adolescents' views, but these studies do not focus on teen programming. For example, the researchers L. Monique Ward and Kimberly Friedman found in their study that "more frequent viewing of talk show and of 'sexy' prime-time programs, and viewing TV more intently for companionship, were each associated with greater endorsement of sexual stereotypes" (2006, p.133). The researchers focused on prime-time shows and other talk shows that are not specifically aimed at adolescents. However, they also found that "laboratory exposure to specific stereotypical content lead to greater acceptance of gender and sexual stereotypes" (Ward & Friedman, 2006, p.133). This particular conclusion indicates the need for further research into how teen programming with specific stereotypical content The History of Gender Representation in Teen Television Sandonato 5 could affect the views and behaviors of adolescents. It is important to focus on this genre of television as it has a target audience of adolescents and therefore is constructed for the teenagers of our society. The teen television shows Beverley Hills 90210, Buffy the Vampire Slayer, Smallville, One Tree Hill, Pretty Little Liars and Teen Wolf were used to identify gender stereotypes present within the shows in order to determine how the portrayals of gender have changed over time and the effect that they may have on the attitudes and behaviors of adolescents. These shows were chosen as they were the most popular teen television shows of their decades. The more popular a show is, the more likely it will be viewed by a larger audience and act as a model to a larger population of adolescents. Background to the Problem Professor and author of Television and American Culture, Jason Mittell, describes how gender stereotypes have been a part of television since the creation of the medium (2010). He states, "Television emerged in the postwar era of suburbanization, the baby boom, and a return to more traditional gender roles of female domesticity..." (Mittell, 2010, p.412). These stereotypes reflect the cultural context of the country at the time of television's creation, when the solitary role of women was to take care of their children and the home. Researcher Andrea Press (2009) describes how the depictions of women on television reflected this idea and also how they developed over time as the culture of American society developed. She states, "Early television confined women to the home and the family setting. The increase in working women in the 1960s and 1970s was reflected in television's images of women working and living nontraditional family lives" The History of Gender Representation in Teen Television Sandonato 6 (Press, 2009, p.139). As the role of women in society was developing, the depiction of women was reflected as well. These working women, however, were still stereotyped in the kin


Abstract
Under a 2-year project that began last July, the Department of Pediatrics at Dalhousie now receives an annual sum totalling almost $5 million to pay for clinical activities provided by staff members. The money is used to pay salaries to all but one of its 38 members, who now forgo fee-for-service payments. However, the move hasn't pleased members of some other specialties, who say it has taken money out of their pockets.


In modern age, the technology is continually becoming more advance rapidly. The new materials are required in many technological fields. In manufacturing many engineering components, there is requirement of materials which has high strength at high temperature, good resistance to chemical degradation, good resistance to wear and having low density. Advance structural ceramics such as silicon carbide, silicon nitride etc. fulfill these requirements. These materials are used in many engineering applications to make various components. There are certain other parameters which are essentially required such as good surface finish and low surface damage. Grinding with superabrasive is one of the method to acquire good surface finish considering the factors such as grinding forces and material removal rate. In the present work ceramic is chosen to perform various experiments and variables were grit size, depth of cut and feed using CBN grinding wheel to study the effect of control factors on grinding forces. Multiple regression method has been used to develop the model for grinding force. Further, optimization has been done to achieve minimum grinding forces.


Large time behavior of solutions to the linearized compressible NavierStokes equation around the motionless state in a cylindrical domain is investigated. The Lp decay estimates of the associated semigroup are established for all 1 < p < ∞. It is also shown that the timeasymptotic leading part of the semigroup is given by a one dimensional heat semigroup. Mathematics Subject Classification (2000). 35Q30, 76N15.


Integral equations of nonuniform lossy lines are presented. Parameters of the line vary according to arbitrary, sufficiently smooth functions. The iterative method (successive approximations) of solution of integral equations for some classes of the line is presented. It gives a closed form of first-order approximation of the voltage and current distribution along the line. Power and cosine lines are considered as examples.<<ETX>>


ABSTRACT Self-Determination Theory and Flow Theory propose that perceived autonomy fosters the positive qualities of motivation and flow-experience. Autonomy-support can help to maintain students' motivation in very interesting learning activities and may lead to an increase in the positive qualities of motivation in less interesting learning activities. This paper investigates whether autonomy-supportive or controlling teaching behaviour influence students' motivation and flow-experience in biology class. In study 1, 158 students of grade six worked on the adaptations of Harvest Mice (Micromys minutus) with living animals. The 153 sixth graders of study 2 dealt with the same content but instead worked with short films on laptops. Previous studies have shown that students perceive film sequences as less interesting than working with living animals. Students' intrinsic motivation and flow-experience were measured at the end of the first and the third lesson. In study 1, autonomy-supportive teaching behaviour led to significant differences in students' intrinsic motivation and flow-experience when compared to controlling teaching behaviour. In study 2, motivation and flow-experience were not always in line with theory. The positive effects of autonomy-supportive and the non-beneficial effects of the controlling teaching behaviour seem to be dependent on the interestingness of the teaching material.


We report results of electron paramagnetic resonance, magnetization, and optical absorption studies of bulk GaN crystals doped with Mn and, for some samples, codoped with Mg acceptor. The experiments performed show that the charge state of the Mn ion in GaN depends on the Fermi level position in the crystal. In n-type samples Mn stays as an ionized acceptor A - center of Mn 2 + (d 5 ), while in the investigated highly resistive samples with lowered Fermi level, in a different charge state, most probably corresponding to neutral configuration A°. Optical absorption spectra of GaN:Mn and GaN:Mn,Mg show characteristic absorption bands related to Mn, which may be interpreted as resulting from photoionization of Mn 2 + (d 5 ) to GaN conduction band (in n-type samples) and photoionization of neutral Mn A 0 to GaN valence band (in highly resistive samples). The absorption spectra are discussed in terms of a configuration coordinate model. The location of the Mn acceptor level is derived as 1.8 eV below the bottom of the GaN conduction band. The magnetization experiments performed reveal Brillouin-type magnetization with Mn spin S=5/2 in n-type crystals, while the investigated highly resistive samples show magnetic anisotropy characteristic for nonspherical transition-metal configurations. The nature of the Mn ion in GaN is discussed.


Proposes a stable control rule to find a reasonable target linear and rotational velocities ( nu , omega )/sup t/. The stability of the rule is proved through the use of a Lyapunov function. The rule contains three parameters, K/sub x/, K/sub y/ and K/sub theta /. Although any set of positive parameters makes the system stable, a condition on the parameters for the system being critically damped for a small disturbance is obtained through linearizing the system's differential equation. This method was successfully implemented on the autonomous mobile robot Yamabico-11. Experimental results obtained turn out to be close to the results with the velocity/acceleration limiter.<<ETX>>


The fundamental boundary layer equations for the flow, temperature and concentration fields are presented. Two dimensional symmetrical and unsymmetrical and rotationally symmetrical steady boundary layer flows are treated as well as the transfer boundary layer. Approximation methods for the calculation of the transfer layer are discussed and a brief survey of an investigation into the validity of the law that the Nusselt number is proportional to the cube root of the Prandtl number is presented.


In this paper, we give a rigorous proof of the renormalizability of the massive [Formula: see text] theory on a half-space using renormalization group flow equations. We find that five counterterms are needed to make the theory finite, namely, ϕ2, ϕ∂ z ϕ, [Formula: see text], ϕΔ x ϕ, and ϕ4 for [Formula: see text]. The amputated correlation functions are distributions in position space. We consider a suitable class of test functions and prove inductive bounds for the correlation functions folded with these test functions. The bounds are uniform in the cutoff and, thus, directly lead to renormalizability.


In the recent years, consequence of technology improvements, a new kind of art has appeared. It is called GPS art and consists in drawing on a digital map by recording the path followed using a GPS device. The fact is that not everyone is able to make the drawing of a certain figure. Just the so-called GPS artists come up with the path, so it makes this kind of art not reachable to some people. The idea of this thesis is to enable people to create GPS art without relying on imagination to come up with a path for a certain figure. In order to achieve that, a system that finds that path in a map for a given figure as input has been developed. In order for people to use this system, it has been integrated within a mobile application, so users are able to find the path to follow easily.


Maximum likelihood adaptive subspace estimation (MALASE) is a new method to deal with fast adaptive eigen decomposition problem. We use it for our subspace based speech enhancement algorithm to realize subspace tracking. The tracking results are the eigen values and eigenvectors of noisy speech covariance matrix, and the estimated eigenvectors are strictly orthogonal. In our proposed algorithm, the noise eigen value estimation with speech presence probability in subspace domain can be calculated by recursive smoothing. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm achieves a better speech enhancement under different noise environment and input SNR with lower speech distortion than the classical algorithm and MCRA algorithm.


Purpose : Although Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae) infection can cause wheezing in non-asthmatic children, the mechanisms of this symptom remain unclear. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a major mediator of angiogenesis and vascular permeability, and is also known to be elevated in cases of chronic pulmonary disease such as asthma. We hypothesized that VEGF may increase in children with acute M. pneumoniae pneumonia and wheezing. Methods : Nine patients with clinical and laboratory evidence of acute M. pneumoniae pneumonia were enlisted from children admitted to Korea University Hospital. They had had more than one episode of wheezing during the illness, which was confirmed by a physician; they comprised the wheezer group.■The individuals with M. pneumoniae pneumonia without wheezing were 63 in number, and they comprised the non-wheezer group.■Patients with a history of asthma or who had received asthma medications were excluded. Serum concentrations of VEGF, total IgE, eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), and peripheral blood eosinophil counts were measured. Results : The serum VEGF concentrations were higher in the wheezer group (mean±SD; 650.2±417.9 pg/mL) than in the non-wheezer group (376.5±356.2 pg/mL, P=0.049). M. pneumoniae antibody (1:1,380 vs. 1:596, P=0.048) and serum total IgE (591.8 IU/mL vs. 162.2 IU/mL, P=0.032) were higher in the wheezer group than in the non-wheezer group. There were no differences between the two groups in terms of serum ECP concentration or blood eosinophil count. Conclusion : In the presence of wheezing, serum VEGF concentrations were higher in the children with M. pneumoniae pneumonia. This finding suggests that VEGF may associate with wheeze-related symptoms in children with acute M. pneumoniae pneumonia.


, the double-stranded RNA nuclease Rnt1p andthe H/ACA snoRNA pseudouridylase complex participate in the transformation of the nascent pre-rRNAtranscript into 35S pre-rRNA. Here we demonstrate the binding of a component of the H/ACA complex (Gar1p)to Rnt1p in vivo and in vitro in the absence of other factors. In vitro, Rnt1p binding to Gar1p is mutuallyexclusive of its RNA binding and cleavage activities. Mutations in Rnt1p that disrupt Gar1p binding do notinhibit RNA cleavage in vitro but slow RNA processing, prevent nucleolar localization of H/ACA snoRNA-associated proteins, and reduce pre-rRNA pseudouridylation in vivo. These results demonstrate colocalizationof various components of the rRNA maturation complex and suggest a mechanism that links rRNA pseudouri-dylation and cleavage factors.


Tests were conducted on ten concrete beam-interior column frame assemblies subjected to static cyclic loading simulating the effect of severe earthquake loading. The frame members were near full-scale and contained a range of proportions of prestressing steel and nonprestressed steel. Information applicable to seismic design concerning inelastic flexural deformation capacity and degree of damage was obtained. A central prestressing tendon at mid-depth in the beam passing through the joint was shown to be effective in contributing to joint core shear strength. Several design recommendations are proposed.


In order to study central government how to induce local government pay great effort to developing recycling economy,this paper designs a incentive and monitor model of them as information is asymmetrical,draw into economical benefit factor and environmental benefit factor,and analyzes central government and local government how to make the optional contract as information is asymmetrical,as well as central government how to select the effective and feasible monitoring effort.The result provides theory support for central government to design the policy to inspirit and monitor local government to develop recycling economy.


An enhanced version of hardware accelerated QoT estimation tool in impairment-aware optical network is demonstrated and evaluated against the different number of lightpaths and wavelengths per link. It outperforms the software version by 28 times in the order of millisecond.


A Multidimensional Health Locus of Control scale was used to identify motivational differences between 89 participants, 27 dropouts, and 32 non-participants from a corporate physical fitness program. Results indicated more internality in program participants.


Biphasic oily/water nanoemulsions have been proposed as delivery systems for the intranasal administration of curcumin (CUR) and quercetin (QU), due to their high drug entrapment efficiency, the possibility of simultaneous drug administration and protection of the encapsulated compounds from the degradation. To better understand the physicochemical and biological performance of the selected formulation simultaneously co-encapsulating CUR and QU, a stability test of the compounds mixture was firstly carried out using X-ray powder diffraction and thermal analyses, such as differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analyses (TGA). The determination and quantification of the encapsulated active compounds was then required being an essential tool for the development of innovative nanomedicines. Thus, a new HPLC–UV/Vis method for the simultaneous determination of CUR and QU in the nanoemulsions and their evaluation in stability studies in simulated biological fluids was developed and validated. The X-ray diffraction analyses demonstrated that no interaction between the mixture of active ingredients, if any, is strong enough to take place in the solid state. Moreover, the thermal analysis demonstrated that the CUR and QU are stable in the nanoemulsion production temperature range. The proposed analytical method for the simultaneous quantification of the two actives was selective and linear for both compounds in the range of 0.5 – 12.5 µg/mL (R2 > 0.9997), precise (RSD below 3%), robust and accurate (recovery 100 ± 5 %). The method was validated in accordance with ICH Q2 R1 "Validation of Analytical Procedures" and CDER-FDA 2validation of chromatographic methods" guideline. Furthermore, the low detection (LOD < 0.005 µg/mL for CUR and <0.14 µg/mL for QU) and quantification limits (LOQ < 0.017 µg/mL for CUR and < 0.48 µg/mL for QU) of the method were suitable for the application to drug release and permeation studies planned for the development of the nanoemulsions. The method was then applied for the determination of nanoemulsions CUR and QU encapsulation efficiencies (> 99%), as well as for the stability studies of the two compounds in simulated biological fluids over time. The proposed method represents, to our knowledge, the only method for the simultaneous quantification of CUR, and QU in nanoemulsions.


The need for VSL in a modern society. Past, modern and future uses. Methods and models for the calculation of VSL. A meta-aAnalysis study on Variables affecting VSL. Governing Agencies and VSL applications in the US. Value of a statistical life: world differences. Value of statistical life in third world countries. Proposed value of statistical life model.


The assumption that stock rctums are normally distributed has long been disputed by the data. In this article we test (and clearly reject) the normality assumption using time series of stock retums for each of the four Scandinavian markets during the first half of this decade. More importantly, we fit to the data four altematiw specifications, find empirical support for the scaled-t distribution, and quantify the magnitude of the error that stems from predicting stock retums by lIsing a Nom1al distribution. Ke)


Solid Particle Erosion is one of the major problems in pump industry, since operation in erosive environment could cause performance alterations of pumps with consequent increased maintenance and running costs, mainly due to the lower efficiency. The research work aimed to study the erosion phenomenon in vertical multistage submersible pumps and develop new coatings as means to prolong their operating life through the reduction of the erosion rate. The mechanical properties of various coatings were examined using nano-indentations, impact tests, 3D-surface topography and Finite Element Analysis. Following a computational performance analysis of a pump stage using CFD software was completed and the experimental results were utilized to calculate the erosion factor k which has been introduced in the Finnie Erosion Model to computationally determine the erosion rate of the pump stage.Copyright © 2009 by ASME


This research aims to analyze and explain the effect of consumption values
on behavior intention through perceived beneficial image as mediator. The object
of the research was English tour in English Village Pare, while the subjects were
Tourists from outside Pare who are also students in English Village Pare and all
their graduate. The sample size of the research was 197 respondents. The
sampling technique used in the research was purposive sampling. The data was
analyzed technique using structural equation modeling with AMOS as analysis
tool.
Based on the result of analysis, it showed that consumption values has
positive and significant influence on perceived beneficial image tourists and
language students in English Village Pare. Consumption values has not
significant influence on the behavior intention tourists and language students in
English Village Pare. Perceived beneficial image has positive and significant
influence on behavior intention tourists and language students in English Village
Pare. Perceived beneficial image has mediator the influence of consumption
values on behavior intention tourists and language students in English Village
Pare.


scholars, who are usually careful practitioners. But for the most part the articles have the distinct flavor of local history done by archivists, with relatively little analysis. Several notable exceptions make it worthwhile to examine the volumes in more detail. Volume 8 is entitled "Contributions to the History of Prices in the Czech Lands." Three of its five papers contain primarily nonanalytical listings of prices in various towns in various periods. The titles of two articles should suffice to give the reader the flavor of the volume: Jaroslav VaniS, "The Prices in Louny in the 2nd Half of the 15th Century," and Quido Kastner, "The Prices of Houses in Roudnice nad Labem in the Years 1600-1650." Two other articles in the volume present more in the way of analysis. The paper by Jan Hajek on the prices of grain in the late seventeenth century attempts to relate the rising grain prices to an economic boom, and in turn to a resultant increase in mercantilist ideas in the region. Milos Kreps's article on prices and costs of iron manufacture in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries is of particular value in discussing the origins of manufacture on the nobles' estates, and in describing the transition from charcoal to mineral fuels and the resultant changes in the structure and location of industry.


Computer has changed the modes of cultivating new talents,which is playing an important role in developing the people's creative mind, tempering their will power, improving their abilities to analyze and solve problems.


On the Importance of Medical History Writing
Manizheh AbdollahiDepartment of Persian Literature & Language, Paramedical College, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IranCorrespondence: Manizheh Abdollahi; Department of Persian Literature & Language, Paramedical College, Meshkinfam Street, Shiraz, Iran; email@example.com; firstname.lastname@example.com
Received: 28 Jan 2012; Accepted: 29 Jan 2012; Online published: 31 Jan 2012 Research on history of Medicine/ 2012 Feb; 1(1): 21-22


Considering the high order and model complexity for rigid-flexible couple system, this paper will use characteristic modelling theory to simplify the modelling process. Besides, this paper will use goden-section adaptive control for the system. As it is difficult to adjust the parameters of goden-section adaptive control, this paper will use quadratic optimization control to realize self-tuning of goden-section adaptive control parameters. Compared with traditional PI and fuzzy PI, the results of physical experiments show that the proposed control has smaller overshot and better vibration suppression effect.


This article provides an overview of (a) accident generation, (b) the ensuing investigation process, and (c) the types of prevention measures that will be employed to ultimately decrease the probability of similar mishaps. The stages of the accident generation process include ubiquitous hazards which lead to occasional incidents that in turn result in less frequent accidents. Steps in the investigation process included fact finding, information analysis, and authority review. The use of comparison data sources and mishap data bases are important collateral-investigation activities. The basic classes of accident-prevention measures included environmental-hazard exposure limitations, equipment safety features and/or warning device, and establishing procedural safeguards. Human factors problems are associated with 50% to 90% of all accidents, whereas system safety principles provide the logical framework for deciding which type of countermeasures to apply in ameliorating such problems. This article describes...


The Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights ("TRIPS Agreement") is the first WTO agreement requiring Members to establish a relatively detailed set of substantive norms within their national legal systems, as well as requiring them to establish enforcement measures and procedures meeting minimum standards. The TRIPS Agreement is sometimes referred to as the first WTO agreement that prescribes "positive law". This factor alone might account for a more than typical level of controversy as Members deal, in many cases, with adopting rather far-reaching changes to their national legal systems.However, added to the uniquely "positive" aspect of the TRIPS Agreement is a negotiating history that for a long time was highly contentious, particularly as between developed and developing Members, and the fact that the TRIPS Agreement touches upon sensitive and important social issues. In the final analysis, it should not be surprising that the TRIPS Agreement has generated a considerable amount of controversy among WTO Members, even if to date much of that controversy has not resulted in formal dispute settlement proceedings.The TRIPS Agreement addresses a wide range of intellectual property subject matter areas (copyright, trademark, patent, and so forth). It also covers competitive markets, enforcement measures, dispute settlement, and transitional arrangements. This Module provides an introduction to these various aspects of the TRIPS Agreement, and seeks to focus on the kinds of questions that should be asked when approaching dispute settlement. In some areas, the questions are answered, but the entire field of intellectual property rights protection, including enforcement measures, cannot be covered in a single Module or short course. Moreover, the questions will change along with the technologies that form the subject matter of intellectual property rights protection. The objective of this Module is to provide sufficient background so that as specific issues arise, the diplomat or lawyer understands how to approach them.This Module begins by discussing some general principles or concepts applicable to the field of TRIPS dispute settlement. It then deals with the various substantive subject matter areas covered by the agreement. It turns to enforcement measures, and afterwards to specific aspects of the WTO dispute settlement process. Finally, the existing WTO jurisprudence is described.


THIS meteorite was found in March, 1894, by Mr. S. B. May a few hundred yards from the Olarkson gold mine, two and one-half miles east of Oherokee Mills, and about five miles S.W. of Oanton, Oherokee 00., Ga. Mr. May was plowing new ground when he discovered the meteorite, only partially covered with soil. It was of a rough lense shape with one side flattened and weighed 15t pounds. With the aid of an old axe the mass was finally separated, and the smaller part was carried away, mislaid, and apparently lost beyond recovery by a party who did not appreciate its value. The larger portion, weighing 8i pounds, was secured by Mr. S. W. McOallie, Assistant State Geologist of Georgia, and obtained by me in an exchange with the State Museum. This mass has evidently been materially reduced in size and weight by oxidation, leaving, however, a solid mass after the oxidize.d portions were removed. The Widmanstiitten figures are strongly marked and distinctive, the special feature being the large masses of plessite which are shown in Plate IV printed direct from an etched section. The following is an analysis for which I am indebted to Mr. H. N. Stokes by the courtesy of Prof. Olarke, Ohief Ohemist of the U. S. Geological Survey; it shows nothing unusual in composition. Fe ________ . ______ _ NL ___ .. ___ . ______ _ Co _______________ _ Cu _______________ _ 8i _______________ .


Stainless-steel-fiber filled ABS (ABS/SSF) conductive plastics is prepared. The shielding effectiveness (SE), network structure, mechanical properties and processing properties of the conductive plastics are studied. The results show that the larger slenderness ratio and contact area of SSF, the more uniformly SS joins and disperses, and the conductive plastics can get higher conductivity and interference shielding. The interference shielding increases markedly while the processing and impact strength decrease with the increasing of SSF content.


Current HDTV codec technology has provided the link to enable successful delivery of HDTV to the home. Similar technology is being used to help make exciting applications such as Electronic Cinema a reality. These implementations differ: so what are the considerations that need to be made. After providing a brief overview of HDTV and a standards update, this paper will focus on the implementation considerations necessary when applying current HDTV codec technology to ATSC, DVB, and Electronic Cinema.


The utility model relates to a hair-cleaning and impurity-removing device which is arranged at a hair-falling opening at the top of the hair bank. The hair-cleaning and impurity-removing device comprises a hair-clotting device, a hair inlet blast pipe communicated with the hair-clotting device is arranged at the top of the hair bank, an impurity-removing blast pipe communicated with a dust-removing bag is arranged on the side wall of the hair-clotting device, and a fan used for removing impurity is arranged at the middle of the impurity-removing blast pipe. In the hair-cleaning and impurity-removing device, the fan draws air at one side of the hair-clotting device so as to form negative pressure to ensure that the hair is drawn to one side of the hair-clotting device so that grass seeds, dust and other impurities in the cleaned hair can be separated from the hair, the impurity can be conveniently removed through operation, processing load of subsequent procedures can be reduced, therefore, moisture regain of the cleaned hair is even, and convenience is brought to quality control of slivers.


Juliet's monologue, "That which we call a rose/By any other word would smell as sweet…" in Romeo and Juliet, Act Ⅱ, scene 2 evokes some postcolonial problems of symbolic order of colonial modernity. Her rhetoric of subjunctive mood tries to express her domesticated desire and envisages her wish for the transformation of the Father's law in Verona. Colonial discourses became the Father's law constructed for the exploitation of the colonized, manipulating the difference of name, race or nationalty. A post-imperial text, Indian Ink appropriates some postcolonial arguments and intends to compromise 'ethics of empire.' Its plot mimics a post-imperial irony that needs circulating responsibility between the colonizer and the colonized. Flora, an English poet, plays the role of Juliet in Indian Ink, asking Das, an Indian painter, in a subjunctive mood to become more Indian and to draw her portrait with more Indian ink. Her rhetorical condition imposes the pronoun 'you' as the subject of her subjunctive needs, having Das meet the Imperial imperative. This kind of ironic compromise for the ethics of empire, however, rationalizes the historical violation of colonial modernization. Go is a film about Korean-Japanese of the 3rd generation who cannot but suspend confessing his nationality to his girl friend who is from one of Japanese elite families. Heroine of the film is a postcolonial Juliet of an age whose father has made her believe that the blood of Korean or Chinese people is rotten. And her spontaneous question should be where he was born and bred, however, she generates the subjectivity of ethics, not of ethics of empire. The plot of subjunctive mood develops the evolutionary desire of colonized Korean-Japanese boy and Japanese girl, attempting to lift certain pressures and limits of colonial domestication.


In this paper, a stub printed dipole antenna (SPDA), the operation principle of which is based on the transmission line theory, is designed for 3.5 GHz operation. The SPDA makes a directional pattern in conjunction with the cube (80 x 80 x 20 mm3) that is forced by a system. Measured bandwidth of VSWR ≤ 2 is about 530 MHz, ranging from 3310 MHz to 3838 MHz. Pattern measurements at the frequency of 3500 MHz shows the maximum gain greater than 7.9 dBi.


To promote the work capacity and efficiency in a weakly structured logistics sorting scene, a pick-and-throw method based on reinforcement learning is proposed. First, a D N-based learning algorithm is used to obtain a picking feasibility distribution map for guiding an optimal picking action. Second, Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (DDPG) algorithm is utilized to train a throwing policy. The throwing policy outputs a throwing velocity of the end-effector of a robot to throw the picked object to a target area. In addition, a memory pool optimization algorithm is also proposed to enhance the convergence of the throwing policy. Experiments are conducted in both simulation and real scenarios and results demonstrate that the proposed method can improve the sorting efficiency and expand the sorting space significantly.


A modification of the Perturbed-Hard-Sphere-Chain equation of state is used to describe vapor-liquid (VLE) and liquid-liquid equilibria (LLE) of mixtures containing newgeneration refrigerants and a lubricant oil. For refrigerants, pure-component parameters are obtained from thermodynamic data. For the oil, they are predicted by a group-contribution method, and the calculation is checked on liquid density values of polyol-ester lubricants. Extension to mixtures is performed by using conventional one-fluid mixing rules with binary interaction parameters regressed from vapor-liquid equilibrium experimental data. VLE calculations are reported for mixtures containing a refrigerant and a polyolester lubricant over wide temperature and concentration ranges. The thermodynamic condition for LLE is checked. If two liquid phases are present, LLE is calculated and compared with experimental measurements. Introduction and Scope In engineering practice there is a strong current need for a molecular thermodynamic model suitable to represent both volumetric and equilibrium properties of new refrigerants. In most cases these new refrigerants are mixtures of hydro-fluorocarbons and hydrocarbons. Mixtures are required because no pure fluid alternatives exist that can provide as high performance as those attained by refrigerants to be phased out because of environmental laws. In a refrigeration cycle mutual solubility may occur between refrigerant and lubricant oil. This solubility can reduce dramatically the efficiency of a refrigeration plant. Lubricant oils modify the equilibrium pressure and the refrigerant composition, and may induce an undesired liquid-liquid phase split. Therefore, the thermo-physical properties of mixtures of new refrigerants and lubricant oils are essential for proper design and operation of new refrigeration systems. The phase equilibria of such mixtures has been addressed in the open literature only recently. Among others, a Flory-Huggins type model has been proposed by Thomas and Pham [1], who concentrated on the R134a-Polyalkylene Glycol system. These authors correlated vapor-liquid equilibria (VLE) by introducing a temperature and composition dependence in the Flory parameter; Martz et al (2] compared the performance of sever~l excess Gibbs energy (GE) models for VLE calculation of systems containing Polyol Ester oil (POE). However, the best model for representing such systems is an equation of state (EOS). An EOS suitable to this purpose should be able to: describe both volumetric and equilibrium properties of pure components and mixtures; take into account the effect of long-chain molecules and; represent simultaneously VLE and liquid-liquid equilibria (LLE). The poor volumetric behavior of cubic equations of state and their inherent difficulties for describing both long-chain molecules and LLE is well known as discussed in a previous paper [3] where models based on perturbation theories were shown to be more reliable due to their theoretical basis. In this work the Modified Perturbed-Hard-Sphere-Chain equation of state (MPHSC EOS) proposed by Song et al. [4] is used to establish oil-refrigerant equilibria. This equation has been tested by Fermeglia et al. [5] on a large database of hydro-chlorofluorocarbons, hydrocarbons and their mixtures, with reference to both volumetric and equilibrium properties. 2 To apply the MPHSC EOS to mixtures containing lubricant oils, a method for the calculation of pure oil parameters is required. For refrigerants, parameter values are obtained from experimental data. For oils, however, PVT data are available only at atmospheric pressure. Extension to mixtures are discussed here; binary interaction parameters (kij) are introduced to describe VLE and LLE of mixtures containing new-generation refrigerants and a lubricant oil. The correlation presented in this work may be useful for improved design of new refrigeration systems. Model According to the MPHSC EOS, the Chiew [6] expression for hard-sphere chains is taken as the reference term, while the perturbation is described by the van der Waals attractive form:


Powder properties are an amalgam of many different factors, which uniquely combine to determine not only the performance of the constituent particles, but the behaviour of groups of particles when stored, transported or ultimately react in the final purpose for which they were designed. Particle size, particle size distribution and moisture content are well known for their ability to affect powder rheology, but particle shape is being increasingly recognised as an important parameter. The main reason is that a combination of computer power and the development of high performance digital cameras has enabled particle images to be captured, stored and analysed at hitherto unimaginable speeds. Indeed, most of the major players in the field of particle size analysis now offer some device for particle image analysis.


This paper intersects at the early stages of the Kurt Schwitters Studentship at the University of Cumbria and an ongoing involvement with Littoral Arts Trust's Merzbarn Project, based in Elterwater in the Lake District National Park. It frames the starting point of a formal art practice-based exploration of selected aspects of Kurt Schwitters' one-man art movement - Merz. With an underlying theme of movement in both the research and the practice, the research asks if Schwitters' legacy of Merz can be considered as a nomadic entity and transformative site for affecting change to social, subjective and economic relations through art practice. Schwitters made art on the move, fleeing, being interned during WW2 and finally making the locational choices of London then Elterwater. He scoped out a conceptual, autonomous space in which to develop his practice. Thinking around this in terms of a nomadic, shifting space rather than a fixed utopian place better accommodate ideas of the uprooted individual. The methodology adopted in relation to the nomadic, is an adaptation of a 'see-saw mechanism' with art practice and the other subject area of academic research as critical counter balances, mobilising and energising each other in turn. This could be visualised as an airborne railway handcar minus the tracks. The research aims to contribute to efforts which hold the problem of Schwitters' Merz ajar and debates open. Learning to better understand the problem by developing a generative art practice alongside a personal art practitioner philosophy, the study aspires to augment his proliferating influence by creating and connecting relevant dialogues. The problem of Schwitters' Merz is that the UK currently lacks a place to coherently demonstrate and proffer Schwitters' legacy. This demands a dynamic methodology orbiting around the problem and finding strategies for seeking out points of entry, enabling ways with which to worry at it. The problem is how to ensure that it remains problematic and therefore, alive.


Yarn tension is one of the most important parameters; it affects the structure transferring trend of the yarn and the quality of the spinning. So far, there isn' t any control system which can be not only used for measuring, but also used for the yarn tension control. If so, it can be used in the spinning fields widely. It analyzed the control system of the yarn tension in this paper. Based on the designing of the hardware, it designs the software module of the system. The function and the interface of the system are useful.


Along with climate change, the continuing loss of the earth's biological diversity ( biodiversity) is a major contemporary environmental concern (Barnosky et al., 2011; Wilson, 2013). At the 1992 Rio Earth Summit, the world's governments established the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) to address this issue at a global level. The text of the CBD provides a definition of biodiversity that includes diversity within species, between species, and of ecosystems, thereby broadening the scope of previously narrower concerns relating to species conservation and protected areas…


Risk measures are important key figures to measure the adequacy of the reserves of a company. The most common risk measures in practice are Value-at-Risk (VaR) and Expected Shortfall (ES). Woerner and Egger (2019) introduce quantum based algorithms to calculate them. Their procedures are based on the so-called quantum amplitude estimation algorithm. This can lead to a quadratic speed up compared to classical Monte-Carlo based methods. Based on their ideas, we construct algorithms to calculate alternatives for VaR and ES. These risk measures are the so-called expectiles and the Range Value-at-Risk (RVaR). We discuss their desirable properties and explain the construction of our quantum algorithms. These algorithms are also based on amplitude estimation. In a case study, we compare their performance with the one for VaR and ES in Woerner and Egger (2019). We find that all of the algorithms perform sufficiently well on a quantum simulator. Further, the calculations of expectiles and VaR are robust against noise on a real quantum device. This is not the case for ES and RVaR.


This short review highlights recent results on the use of nanoclusters of gold protected by a monolayer of functional ligands in both molecular recognition and catalysis. Particular emphasis is given to the multivalent properties of these systems and, in the case of catalysis, to the cooperativity between functional groups present in the ligands of the monolayer. The outstanding catalytic efficiency of some of the functional nanoparticles synthesized led us to call them nanozymes by analogy with the activity of catalytic polymers (synzymes).


Objective To enhance the diagnosis and treatment level and ECG knowledge on hypothyroidism.Methods Adopt thyroidin tablet therapy on 80 patients with hypo thyroidism.Results Most patients were complicated with heart function.After treatment among 80 cases 68 cases(85%) ECG restore to normal,12 cases(15%) still have ST-T change and conduct block.Conclusion Using thyroidin tablet can improve the basic metabolism and allieviate the symtom of hypothyroidism,the heart damage were lessened and their ECG restore to normal.


in neonatal care. With improvements in the overall survival rate of newborn infants, it was natural that attention would shift to intact survival and good neurodevelopmental outcomes. It is widely acknowledged that neonatal brain injury is the result of the complex interaction between pathological processes, the developmental trajectory, genetic susceptibility, and environmental influences. Hence, no single intervention can have a significant effect on outcomes for the infant. Rather, a coordinated, interdisciplinary approach combined with precise clinical care is needed to facilitate new neuroprotective approaches to the phenomenon. This understanding has been translated into several concepts of neonatal care. Two distinct examples are the "Small Baby Unit"1 and the "Neuro-Intensive Care Nursery" ("Neuro NICU").2 The two NICU modalities advocate for the implementation of uniformly standardized care guidelines, adherence to evidencebased practices, and the creation of comprehensive and multidisciplinary teams. However, while the target of the "Small Baby Unit" is the unique population of Extremely Low Gestational Age (ELGA) infants, the target population of the "Neuro NICU" includes all newborns at risk of brain damage, including full-term infants with Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy (HIE) or suffering from strokes or seizures, as well as ELGA infants. Furthermore, the concept of the "Small Baby Unit" focuses on optimization of care for these uniquely vulnerable infants in the context of parent-centered care principles. The "Neuro NICU", for its part, relies on the use of advanced technology such as modern neuromonitoring and neuroimaging, as described in the target article. So, despite the common goal of improving developmental outcomes, the two models for preterm infant care differ greatly. Severe intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) and white matter injury are associated with a significant risk of adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes and remain a persistent challenge for preterm infants. The first 72 hours after birth present with the greatest risk of brain injury and is considered "the critical window" for intervention and preventing neurological damage. Many quality-improvement (QI) projects aimed at preventing IVH focus on this critical period. The study by Deshpande et al., "Combined Multimodal Cerebral Monitoring and Focused Hemodynamic Assessment in the First 72 h in Extremely Low Gestational Age Infants", is a prospective observational cohort study investigating the feasibility and safety of advanced cerebral and hemodynamic monitoring in this population of vulnerable infants during this sensitive period.


Understanding the change of cabbage biomass and nitrate accumulation process in cabbage under conditions of different irrigation schemes and nitrogen fertilization provides the framework for reasonable irrigation and fertilization to achieve efficient utilization of nitrogen and nitrate security vegetable products.Cabbage,main vegetable varieties planted in Beijing,was studied by field split block experiment.1 800,3 000 and 4 800 m3/ha,three levels of the main irrigation rate were applied,followed by 0,150,300,and 450 kg/ha nitrogen treatments.The yield of harvest period was evaluated,and nitrate content in Cabbage at rosette stage,heading stage harvesting time was analysed.Result shows,Cabbage yields under the irrigation levels in the lower(1 800 m3/ha)or the higher(4 800 m3/ha)in the interactions of different amount of nitrogen were significantly lower than the one in 3 000 m3/ha irrigation;yield increased with the first increase of nitrogen amount,and declined under the higher nitrogen treatment(450 kg/ha),even which was lower than that of the treatment of 150 kg/ha.Growth of the first half of the cabbage is more nitrogen absorption period,nitrate content of cabbage at rosette stage under the treatments of the interactions of different amount of irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer are much higher than national limit standards of nitrate((3 000 mg/kg.FW,GB19338-2003),are relatively lower level under the conditions of the lower irrigation or higher irrigation in the interaction of different amount of nitrogen,and are relatively higher under the irrigation of 3 000 m3/ha in the interactions of 300,450 kg/ha.With Cabbage developing stages extended the nitrate content was significantly decreased to the national limit standards of nitrate when it was 60 d,which there were no significant differences among the different amount of nitrogen fertilizer.The conditions of lower,or higher consumption of water in the interactions of nitrogen were not conducive to the growth and the absorption and utilization of nitrogen,there was an increase of nitrogen loss of environmental pollution risks;While the irrigation of 3 000 and 300 kg/ha nitrogen fertilizer were conducive to the growth of cabbage,nitrogen absorption and utilization,and reduce the risk of nitrate pollution of groundwater in vegetable field;increase output,and can provide the vegetable products up to the national standard of nitrate at the appropriate period of harvest and obtain a better product economic benefits.


The electronic structure of a molecular system is investigated by using the idea of molecular orbitals. The behavior of the separate molecular orbitals and the orbital energies under the influence of the substitution of one or more heteroatoms, considered as perturbations, is examined. A series of quantities, separate charge orders, bond orders, and mutabilities are introduced, giving information about some characteristic physical and chemical properties of the compound. The perturbation scheme is carried out explicitly to the second order in the energies and to the first order in the orbitals, and special attention is paid to the treatment of degenerate levels. The overlapping problem is fully discussed. The basic results are independent of any empirical parameters, and they may be used either in the naive semi‐empirical theory or in a more elaborate theoretical approach based on an antisymmetrized molecular wave function.As an example, numerical applications are carried out in detail on benzene. Separat...


Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) provide a powerful platform for generating functional hematopoietic cells for blood disease modeling and therapeutic testing. However, the quantity and quality of hPSC-derived blood cells remain to be improved. Here, by performing extensive single-cell transcriptomic analyses to map fate choices and gene expression programs during hematopoietic differentiation of hPSCs, we construct the first hematopoietic landscape of hPSCs at the single-cell level and identify strategies to promote hematopoietic progenitor (HP) generation from hPSCs with functional T cell potential.
 By focusing specifically on cell populations and molecular events involved in endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition (EHT), we compared the difference of early hematopoiesis between hPSCs and human embryos (Yang Zeng et al. Cell Research. 2019) and found aerobic metabolism was dysregulated during in-vitro-directed differentiation. The decreased oxygen metabolism program was further deciphered as a key molecular event occurred during the EHT. Providing hypoxia at the stage of EHT enhanced hematopoietic differentiation of hPSCs via specifying arterial programs, including arterial hemogenic endothelium (AHE) and arterial endothelium cells (AE).
 To further determine the effect of AE on hematopoietic development, we isolated AE, venous endothelium and mesenchymal cells identified in our single-cell transcriptomic analyses and cocultured them with AHE respectively for HP generation. AE were finally validated as a critical regulator of definitive HP specification with more T cell potential. T cells generated from AE-primed HPs (AE-T) were highly functional and exhibited polyfunctional production of interferon (IFN)-γ, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and IL-2 in response to phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and ionomycin. To further evaluate the function of AE-T, we engineered T cells with CD19-CAR. The in vitro cytotoxicity of CAR-engineered AE-T was performed both in CD19+ cell lines (Nalm-6 and Raji) and human primary B-ALL samples. The efficacy of CAR-engineered AE-T in vivo was evaluated in a mouse xenograft model inoculated intravenously with luciferase-expressing Nalm-6 cells. Similar to CD19 CAR-transduced peripheral blood T cells, the AE-T potently inhibited tumor growth both in vitro and in vivo.
 Collectively, our study provides benchmark datasets to understand the origins of human hematopoiesis and presents an advance for guiding the generation of functional T cells in vitro for clinical applications.

 No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


Research purposes: Through doing research on theory system of similarity,the analysis is made for the characteristics and future similarities of economy and transportation between Hainan and Taiwan for the purposes of learning the construction experiences of integrated transportation in Taiwan,especially railway transportation,predicting the volumes of freight and passenger traffic rationally,and verifying the necessity and feasibility of construction of Eastern Loop Railway in Hainan. Research methods:The summary is made for the different subsystem and different levels of transportations from general to concrete by adopting theory system of similarity and systematic analysis technology. Research conclusions:According to the analysis,now the transportation similarity between Hainan and Taiwan is only 0.4,but that will be 0.805 after island-loop railway being formed.It shows the formation of island-loop railway is the key point to improve the overall service level of transportation,so it is very necessary to build island-loop railway.


TPS434 Background: At diagnosis, 10 to 15% of testicular pure seminomas have a stage II defined by the presence of retroperitoneal lymph node metastases. The optimal choice of treatment modalities are associated with excellent efficacy but also acute and late toxicities. De-escalating treatment for seminoma patients with stage IIb, IIc and III and good prognosis according to IGCCCG (International Germ Cell Cancer Collaborative Group) based on negative FDG-PET (Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography) after 2 cycles of EP (etoposide, cisplatine) chemotherapy seems feasible and safe according to SEMITEP cohort 2 results (Loriot Y, and al GETUG SEMITEP Trial: Eur Urol. 2022 Aug;82(2):172-179). Serum levels of microRNA (miR)-371a-3p (miRNA-M371) have been significantly associated with clinical stage and response to treatment in testicular germ cell tumors, with sensitivity and specificity higher than those of classic markers. The aim of the study NCT05529251 is to propose a new therapeutic approach for the stages IIa/IIb. Methods: This phase II, multicenter, prospective, randomized, non-comparative, de-escalation study will include patient with primary testicular seminomatous germ cell tumor with stage IIa/IIb < 3 cm in largest diameter seminoma, histologically proved after orchiectomy and good prognosis according to IGCCCG and LDH (Lactate DesHydogenase) < 2.5 x Upper Limit of Normal (ULN). They must have progressive disease and no prior treatment with radiotherapy or chemotherapy. In case of negative week-3 (after 1 EP cycle) PET-scan, patients will be randomized according to 2 arms ARM A: Boost of radiotherapy 20 to 30 Gray (Gy); ARM B Carboplatin AUC7 chemotherapy. In case of positive week-3 PET-scan: 3 courses of EP chemotherapy (ARM C). Primary outcome will include progression-free rate at 36 months. Secondary Outcome Measures will be serum level of miRNA M371, correlation with response to treatments and PET scan results, overall survival (OS), quality of life and tolerance to treatment. Blood samples (miRNA-M371) will be collected at screening, at the time of randomization before second cycle of chemotherapy or radiotherapy, at the end of treatment and at relapse. Enrollment has started in October 2022. A total of 90 patients will be included in the interventional study, leading to approximately 60 patients with negative FDG-PET randomized. Clinical trial information: NCT05529251 .


FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: present invention refers to powder catalyst support and related exhaust treating catalyst. There is disclosed powder catalyst support containing cerium dioxide and zirconium dioxide where molar concentration (mol. %) of cerium dioxide on powder catalyst surface under measurements of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to molar concentration (mol. %) of cerium dioxide in source material is within 1.0 to 1.5. Besides, in the present invention there is disclosed exhaust treating catalyst containing said powder support with coated platinum. EFFECT: higher thermal stability and catalytic activity of the catalyst. 10 cl, 3 dwg, 2 tbl


Our previous study revealed that students of junior high schools with photovoltaic (PV) systems tend to increase environmentally conscious behavior. In particular, students in schools that install PV systems and are enthusiastic about environmental education, have a high tendency to engage in environmentally conscious behavior. In order to verify the above possibility, questionnaire surveys were conducted with children of 26 elementary schools in Yokohama city. Children were asked about their electricity-saving behavior and the reason for it, interests in PV systems and environmental issues, experience of environmental education, and so on. The present article describes the results of the questionnaire survey, and preliminarily analyzes the influences of the existence of the PV systems and environmental education on electricity-saving behavior of children using simple statistical methods.


The following article ''Music Therapy Practice: Relative Perspectives in Evidence-Based Reviews'' by Barbara Else and Barbara Wheeler, published in Nordic Journal of Music Therapy, Volume 19 Issue 1, March 2010 DOI: 10.1080/08098130903377407 pp 29–50 was published without the accompanying abstract. The fully abstracted version of the article appears online here: http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/content*db1⁄4all*content1⁄4 a919705849*frm1⁄4titlelink and is reproduced below:


OBJECTIVES
Daily uric acid excretion is an essential index for patients with gout/hyperuricemias. We identified alternative indices most correlated with 24-hour uric acid clearance (Cua 24h) and 24-hour uric acid excretion (Eua 24h) using data from the reference interval of urinary clearance and excretion of urate study.

METHODS
The subjects were indoor workers aged 20 to 65 who met the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute Guidelines C28-A3c. Alternative indices using spot urine were urine uric acid creatinine ratio, uric acid clearance - creatinine clearance ratio (Cua/Ccr), uric acid excretion - creatinine clearance ratio (Eua/Ccr), estimated uric acid clearance (eCua), and estimated uric acid excretion (eEua). eCua and eEua are the values obtained by multiplying Cua/Ccr and Eua/Ccr by the estimated glomerular filtration rate.

RESULTS
The final number of subjects analyzed was 739. Among the indices using spot urine, eCua and eEua showed the highest correlation with Cua 24h and Eua 24h, respectively. Compared with Cua 60min and Eua 60min obtained from 60-minute urine collection, eCua and eEua showed lower root means squared error, lower bias, and significantly higher accuracy of within 30% and within 15%.

CONCLUSIONS
The newly proposed eCua and eEua may be appropriate from a practical perspective.


D uring a transmitter hunt, the strength of the received signal can vary from roughly I20 dBm at the starting point. to 0 dBm when you're very close to the transmitter. To find the transmitter, your receiver must be capable of providing accurate signal-strength readings throughout the hunt. Most hand-held transceivers provide a signal-strength indicator (either a meter or an LCD bar graph) with a usable range of 120 to --YO dBm. 4lthough this ma; be tine lor normal operating. it's totally inadequate ior tranamilter hunting! Inserting a passive attenuator between the antenna and the receiver reduces the received-signal strength. By selecting various levels of attenuation. you'll see peak signal readings as you search for your target. More precise readings and greater ease of use would result if the attenuation was ~.wnrinuousI.v variable. However, the usefulness of a variable attenuator is limited by how well the receiver is shielded. Modern band-held transceivers often lack adequate sh~elding. allowing srrone, s~rnals ro ciie.Wely "leak around" ihe atlenuator. !'his can result in siputicant d~rectional errors. I've desiened an active attenuator that creases according to the conversion loss of the diode mixer. By monitoring the miwing products, you can obtain accurate headings even in the presence of a strong received signal. As a result, any hand-held transceiverregardless of how poor its shielding may be--can be used for transmitter hunting. a 2N2222A transistor (see Fig 1). Trimmer capacitor C1 adjusts the oscillator's operating frequency. Oscillator frequency stability is only a minor concern; a few kilohertz of drift is tolerable. Ql's output is fed to an emitter-follower buffer comprised of 42, a 2N3904 transistor. R6-a Linear-taper potentiometerachiet,er chtinuously var~able arrenuarion \'ary~ng ihe letel of the oscdlaror signal ionuols [he oscillator s~gnal evel present hv mixing ihc rcce~ved simal wlth a s a n d provides !he extra ad~anrage of controlling at [he cathode of our miwing diode. Dl. Dl from a simple lrsoillator circuit. This process creates mixing products above and below the input t'requency. The spacing of the closest products from the input frequency is equal to the local oscillator frequency. If the input signal is at 146.52 MHz, for example. and the oscillator is running at 500 kHz, the closest mixing products will appear at 147.02 and 146.02 MHz. By increasing or decreasing the oscillator signal, the strength of the mixing product signals decreases or inthe strength of the input s&nal as it passes through the mixer. So as you close in on your target, you have the choice of monitoring and controlling the level of the input signal or the product signalswhichever provides the best results. (Although 1 used 2-meter frequencies in the previous example, the attenuator will function elsewhere in the VHF or UHF range.)


This article is devoted to a well-known doctor and writer A.P. Chekhov. It shows the influence of his doctor's activity on the creative literary process and concept of humanism in his literary works.


: The purpose of this paper is to study the variation of the magnetic properties of non-oriented electrical steel sheets with the fatigue state during cyclic mechanical loading. The obtained results are central to the design of variable drives such as traction drives in electric vehicles in which varying mechanical loads, e.g. in the rotor core (cen-trifugal forces), alter the magnetic properties. Specimens of non-oriented electrical steel are subject to a cyclically varying mechanical tensile stress with different stress amplitudes and number of cycles. The specimens are characterised magnetically at different fatigue states for different magnetic flux densities and magnetising frequencies. The measurements show a variation in magnetic properties depending on the number of cycles and stress magnitude which can be explained by changes in the material structure due to a beginning mechanical fatigue process. The studied effect is critical for the estimation of the impact of mechanical material fatigue on the operational behaviour of electrical machines. Particularly in electrical machines with a higher speed where the rotor is stressed by high centrifugal forces, material fatigue occurs and can lead to deterioration of the rotor's stack lamination.


Records of densely spaced shots along the Sino‐US reflection line INDEPTH II at offsets between 70 and 130 km parallel to the main profile provide an image of the crust straddling the Indus‐Yarlung suture. The major features are prominent reflections at about 20 km depth beneath and extending out to about 20–30 km north and south of the surface exposure of the suture, and north‐dipping reflectors north of the suture. Various interpretations for the reflections are possible. (i) They represent a decollement, possibly of the Gangdise thrust system. In this scenario, the surface expression of the Gangdise thrust as mapped in eastern south Tibet is a splay with the decollement continuing southwards and either ending as a blind thrust or ramping up as one of the thrusts within the northernmost Tethyan shelf sequence. (ii) The reflections represent fabrics within gneisses, partly obliterated by intrusions reaching various levels of the crust. The reflection bands may be interpreted in terms of deformation or sedimentary structures belonging to the Indian crust, the accretionary complex, and the basement of the Gangdise belt. The intrusions could be related to the Tethyan leucogranites south of the suture (Rinbung leucogranite), and to the Gangdise magmatic arc to the north of the suture. (iii) The reflections represent a fortuitous coincidence of different features north and south of the suture. South of the suture, the reflections may record the basement–cover interface of the Indian crust or a thrust system in the Tethyan shelf. North of the suture, they may comprise different levels within the Gangdise belt and its basement. Although it is not possible to discriminate between the suggested scenarios without additional information, the seismic mapping points to the importance of post‐collisional (Oligocene–Miocene) tectonics, which reshaped the suture.


THE changing pattern of medical care in recent years has resulted in a tremendous expansion of the activities of the clinical laboratory. In my personal experience, which I know is not unique, the ...


Abstract Dividend policy is among the most debated topics in corporate Finance. Determinants of corporate dividend, most commonly firm specific determinants, have attracted much attention of the researchers. This paper mainly investigates the external determinants of dividend policy in Tanzania. The study also checks the influence of firm-specific factors that determine dividend decision of non-financial firms listed in Dar es Salaam Stock Exchange using a panel data analysis for a period 2008–2017. The paper reports that gross domestic product (GDP) and inflation have both statistically negative signifant relationship with the firm payout ratio. This implies that in a country where GDP is high, firms are less likely to consider paying dividends. During high GDP levels, the economic environment is potentially conducive for potential investment, and therefore re-investing the corporate profit is relatively a wise decision than distributing it back to owners as dividend. Also in an inflationary environment, funds generated are often are not sufficient to replace a firm's assets as they become obsolete. Under these circumstances, a firm may be forced to retain a higher percentage of earnings to maintain the earning power of its asset base that is why during this time less dividend is expected by shareholders. Furthermore, the paper reports that firm-specific factors such as profitability, liquidity, firm size, leverage and firm growth are also influencial in determining corporate dividend policy. More specifically, large-sized firms, highly profitable firms are more likely to consider paying dividend. However, payment of dividend will all depend on whether the firm is liquid enough to afford that. On the other hand, high-growth and leveraged firms would not probably consider paying dividend, and will therefore, save money to finance their expansion and honor their debt obligations.


We have developed a highly targeted custom next generation sequencing-based test targeting JAK2 exons 12 and 14, CALR exon 9, and MPL exon 10, which are implicated in Philadelphia-negative chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms. The assay is capable of ultra-high sequencing depth and producing mutational detection sensitivities of 0.5% and below. We have validated the performance of the test through orthogonal testing and demonstrated a high degree of multiplexing with up to 50 samples in a single run. We show the clinical utility of this test through the description of a couple of cases with myeloproliferative disorders with Type-II and Type-II-like mutations in exon 9 of the CALR gene.