The study purpose was investigation of specimens extracted from Virginia bridge decks for corrosion abatement condition of epoxy-coated reinforcing (ECR) steel. Coating moisture content, coating degree of curing, glass transition temperature, corrosion product color under coating, coating color, coating damage, holidays, coating residual adhesion by the peel test, and coating thickness were the investigated parameters. That during the manufacturing process there was not full curing of the extracted steel sample epoxy coating was shown in the results. The investigated samples additionally presented, with little or no epoxy coating residue present on the bar surface, significant permanent adhesion loss. Analysis shows, furthermore, that corrosion under the coating, even in the absence of chlorides, will proceed unimpeded once adhesion is lost.


Li2MnO3 is one of the most promising electrode materials because of its high energy density. Oxygen vacancy (VO) inevitably appears in Li2MnO3 in the preparation and/or charging process. Thus far, ...


Clastie dikes are present in the upper Fountain and lower Casper Formations (Pennsylvanian) in the southern Laramie Basin. Most of the dikes are roughly planar, and show no preferred orientation. Some of them, however, are circular and branching. Sandstone within the dikes closely resembles in mineralogy, grain size, and texture that found in thc Fountain Formation, and is dissimilar to the Casper Sandstone. The long axes of elongate grains within the dikes commonly arc oriented parallel to the dike wall, causing internal banding. Coarser material is concentrated nearest the center of the dikes. Concentrations o:f coarse grains within a dike are located a few feet or less above coarse zones in the host rock. Small undisturbed inclusions are found within some dikes. A hematite-rich band characterizes the marginal part of each dike, whereas a hematitedeficient zone in the host rock borders the dike. The dikes are enriched in calcite and typically stand in relief on weathered surfaces. We conclude that the dikes formed because of slow upward migration of fluids and sedimentary particles along fractures, joint planes, bedding planes, and zones of greater permeability in the sediment, in response to increasing lithostatic pressure during deposition of additional sediment on the unconsolidated sequence. Fluids that migrated toward the dikes leached iron from a zone adjacent to the margins of the dikes and redeposited the iron as hematite within the dikes. These fluids also enriched the dikes in calcite.


Fire pump drive means (20) for use with a pump and emergency vehicles, comprising attached to the drive (20) shaft PTO gear (32) (34) and attached to the drive on the shaft (34) and the PTO gear (32) adjacent to the Ye Lun clutch drive gear (30). The Ye Lun clutch drive gear (30) can be connected to the multi-plate clutch (38) to rotate the impeller shaft (40), wherein said clutch includes a clutch drive gear Ye Lun and the clutch gear meshing. The transmission mechanism (20) allows the drive Ye Lun does not affect the drive mechanism or speed than in the case of changing the PTO gear, and vice versa. Dual gear on the drive shaft PTO device provides compatibility with the commercially available, the PTO device is mounted to provide power to a variety of devices on the housing of the transmission mechanism.


Epoxidation of technical oleic acid by hydrogen peroxide under phase-transfer catalysis in the presence of peroxophosphotungstate formed in situ was realized. It is shown that no more than two double bonds of linolenic acid in substrate are subjected to epoxidation.


Differential thermal movement between the spacer frame and the glass panes is a key contributor to the aging of insulating glass edge seal and of the insulating glass unit (IGU) itself. Using finite element analysis (FEA) the authors modeled the thermal movements occurring in the edge seal of a large IGU (1.5×2.1 m2) as a result of temperature variations (−30°C to +60°C) for three commercially available spacer bars of different material and design. The model was based on nylon corner keys for the aluminum and galvanized steel spacers and bent corners for the stainless steel spacers. The nylon corner keys were assumed to be solid and firmly bonded to the spacers; whereas the bent corners were modeled as solid, bent metal corner keys, also firmly bonded to the spacers. Since actual bent corners are hollow, the model tends to overestimate the stresses for this corner design. As expected, at the low temperature, the corners are pulled inward, resulting in a bending angle >90°; while at the high temperature, the corners are pushed outwards, resulting in a bending angle


Title: Prevalence of potentially traumatic events in Spanish university stu- dents. Abstract: Aims: The high prevalence of traumatic events among different populations has been shown in several studies. The aim of the present study is to establish the prevalence of potentially traumatic events among Spanish university students. Methods: The sample comprised 1033 under- graduates (M = 21.71 years; SD = 2.63). Data were obtained using the Traumatic Life Events Questionnaire (TLEQ) (Kubany y Haynes, 2001). Results: Ninety-two per cent of subjects (93.4% males and 91.8% females) had been exposed to at least one potentially traumatic event. Males experi- enced a greater mean number of events than females (males = 3.86, SD = 2.60; females = 3.45, SD = 2.40). Sex differences were also found in the appraisal of events as being traumatic and causing major distress. Conclu- sions: Frequency of exposure to potentially traumatic events was higher in this sample of university students than in previous studies with similar samples. The results suggest the need for trauma screening and interven- tion, taking into consideration the substantial gender variation. Also the individual's appraisal for considering an event traumatic underlines the im- portance of taking the individual's perception into account. Key-words: Prevalence; trauma; university students; Spain.


This article describes the E-ZPass electronic toll collection system with focus on its application on the New Jersey Turnpike. It gives an overview of the design and operations of the E-ZPass technology, a review of the history of the New Jersey Turnpike, current operating conditions on the Turnpike, and a discussion on the implementation of value pricing with E-ZPass.


Pyruvic acid is an important intermediate used in organic and medicinal synthesis. Synthesis of pyruvic acid from lactic acid by catalytic oxidation with oxygen was studied. The effect of catalyst composition, amount of catalyst and oxygen, reaction temperature and time on product yield was investigated and the optimum conditions were found. The best catalyst is Pt/Pb(NO 3) 2/C with the weight ratio of 3%∶5%∶92%. When the amount of Pt used is 0.15g (Pt/lactic acid molar ratio, 1.92×10 -3 ) and the amount of oxygen is 2.33 L/h (air, 11.1 L/h), the yield is 66.0% after 2 h on stream.


By determining the lignin contents including Klason lignin and acid soluble lignin, the yield of pulping, the rate of carbohydrate degradation and the rate of delignification, the mechanism of kraft and soda-AQ pulping of the whole cotton stalk were studied. This study indicated that kraft and soda-AQ pulping of cotton stalk have the similar regularity. They have 3 delignification stages:1, the initial delignification stage before 140℃, the rate of delignification reaches to about 45%; 2, the bulk delignification stage, the rate of delignification reaches to about 90% in the period from 140℃ to the maximum temperature 160℃ and for another 30 min at the maximum temperature; 3, the residual delignification stage, the rate of delignification exceeds 98%. It is different from the pulping of straw. The selectivity of delignification of kraft pulping is better than soda-AQ; the time at maximum temperature is necessary for both soda-AQ and kraft pulping.


We introduce apex point map, a simple data structure for constructing conservative bounds for rigid objects. The data structure is distilled from a dense k-DOP, and can be queried in constant time to determine a tight bounding plane with any given normal vector. Both precalculation and lookup can be implemented very efficiently on current GPUs. Applications include, e.g., finding tight world-space bounds for transformed meshes, determining perobject shadow map extents, more accurate view frustum culling, and collision detection.


Road intersections are considered to be bottlenecks for urban transportation whose impacts are longer travel times and wasted human resources. In this paper we focus on vehicle to vehicle communications (V2V) that allow exchanging data between vehicles. Considering that vehicles are controlled by drivers (not autonomous), we do not pretend to take control of them, nor is the goal to avoid collision or improve safety, as is often done elsewhere. By eliminating the potential overlaps of vehicular trajectories coming from all opposing directions at an intersection, our aim is to demonstrate the potential of communication between vehicles in a complex roundabout and test the connexion strength of that network. We test it on a synthetic trace that reproduces a real traffic flow at a roundabout in Creteil (France).


Background: Patient satisfaction is an important component of healthcare quality reflecting health care provider's ability to meet patient's needs and expectations. Aim & Objectives: To identify service domains and parameters to assess patient satisfaction, to design an appropriate tool based on standard guidelines, to assess the satisfaction across the select service domains using the tool and identify the gaps, if any and to suggest measures for improvement based on gap analysis. Methodology: A prospective study using structured questionnaire for the survey to obtain the responses to question items, standardized on selected dimensions. Results: On analyzing the mean value (average) of the average weighted scores of factors of each service domains, it was found that patients are very much satisfied with dietary services over all as it has highest score of 77.1. The other two services housekeeping & linen services have scores of 69.8 & 67.8 over all respectively are far behind. Conclusion: Based on the present study Dietary services are the best among three. Recommendations: There is need to improve housekeeping and linen services. Vandana Mourya D.H.A. Student, SGPGIMS, Lucknow Leela Masih C.N.O., SGPGIMS, Lucknow Dr. Basava Malleswara Rao V Senior Resident, Dept. of Hospital Administration, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Dr. Tulika Gupta MHA Student, Dept. of Hospital Administration, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow Dr. Archana Yadav MHA Student, Dept. of Hospital Administration, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow Dr. R. Harsvardhan, Assoc. Professor, Dept. of Hospital Administration, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow 244 International Journal of Scientific Research tool and identify the gaps, if any. 4. To suggest measures for improvement based on gap analysis. METHODOLOGY The study was conducted from December,2014 to June,2015 among patients who were admitted in all the wards for a minimum of three days period. The study was descriptive study. The sample size was calculated based on the patients admitted in a year with confidence Interval of 95% and acceptable margin of error as 5%. The sample required was found to be 323.The areas of study include service domains Dietary, Housekeeping and Linen services. In-patients of Private ward and Isolation room of the respective wards were excluded from the study. A structured questionnaire was used for the survey to obtain the responses to question items, standardized on selected dimensions. The questionnaire consisted of two parts. Part One has Information capturing demographic details of sample in-patients. Part two has items covering dimensions of attributes representing the services through which the patients transacted. The responses were rated on a five point Likert's scale of measurement as Excellent, Very good, Good, Fair and Poor. In which a score of 5 was awarded to response Excellent, a score of 4 was awarded to Very good, a score of 3 was awarded to Good, a score of 2 was awarded to Fair and a score of 1 was awarded to Poor response. Results: The Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences (S.G.P.G.I.M.S.), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India, a pioneer medical institute and tertiary care super speciality hospital is known for using modern and innovative management techniques. In 2015 hospital catered 91,346 New Patients, 3,73,003 Old Patients, 11,522 Surgeries, 535 Open Heart Surgery, 31,85,816 Investigations, 141 Kidney Transplants and 11 Bone Marrow Transplants. In this study 62% respondents were male & 38% respondents were female with an exact number of 201 & 122 respectively. 133 people were coming from rural areas (41%), 190 people were of urban areas (59%). The distribution of the population was equivalent in terms of proportion of people coming from all these areas. Out of the 323 respondents, 39 were in the age group of 4-18(12%). For 1824 age group, there were 27 respondents (8%). From 25-34 age group, there were 48 respondents and from 35-44 age group 48 respondents, each amounting to 15% & 15% respectively. From 45-54 & 5564 age groups there were 66 & 55 respondents respectively, constituting 21% & 17% respectively. In the age group of 65 & above there were 40 respondents (12%). Satisfaction with Services Criteria for mutual comparison of responses It was done by concept of Weighted Average. Weighted Average is an average in which each quantity to be averaged is assigned a weight. These weightings determine the relative importance if each quantity on the average. Weightings are equivalent of having that many like items with the same value involved in the average. The method of computing is: 1) Multiply each value by its weight. 2) Add up the product of value time weight to get the total value. 3) Add the weight to get total weight. 4) Divide total value by total weight. Comparison of all the parameters under the sub-head of Dietary services Weighted average for: Personal hygiene of the pantry man was 81.5, Timings of the meal served was 84.5, Cleanliness of the utensils & dishes was 77.1, Quality of the food was 66. 3, Quantity of the food was 82.4 and Dietary consultation from dietician was 70.9. Over all higher the weighted average for any parameter the better it is in terms of nearing the ideal situation. But in general, we can say that since all the scores are more than 50, the dietary services rendered to the inpatients are satisfactory. We found that people are most satisfied with the timings of meal served and second highest satisfactory parameter was quantity of food. Here we also found that people are more dissatisfied by the quality of food. Figure 3. Satisfaction with Dietary Services HouseKeeping Services: Comparison of all the parameters under the sub-head of housekeeping services: First impression of the room after entering is highly satisfactory as its weighted score is 83.4 and the second highest parameter of satisfaction is regarding cleanliness if the hospital ward/room as its weighted average was 78.7 while the cleanliness of the toilets & bathrooms not as much as satisfactory as compared to other ones as it weighted average score is only 48.7. Weighted average for cleanliness of the bed where respondent spent most time was 73.3, for number of repeat cleaning & dusting done (including toilets) the score was 64.7. The higher the weighted average for any parameter the better it is in terms of nearing the ideal situation. But in general, we can say that since all the scores are nearly up to 50, housekeeping services are satisfactory. Linen Services: Comparison of all the parameters under the sub-head of linen services: The range of weight is 5(excellent) to 1(poor). As we can see the quality of linen is highly satisfactory as its weighted score is 75.3 while the quality of laundering of linen is not as much as satisfactory as compared to other ones as its weighted average score is only 55.4. Weighted average for Quantity of linen provided to respondent was 72.7 and for Nurse's response towards the complaint for changing of ISSN No 2277 8179 | IF : 4.176 | IC Value : 78.46 VOLUME-6 ISSUE-7 JULY-2017 | | 245 International Journal of Scientific Research linen was 67.9. The higher the weighted average for any parameter the better it is in terms of nearing the ideal situation. But in general, we can say that since all the scores are 50, linen services are satisfactory. Figure 4. Satisfaction with Housekeeping Services Figure 5. Satisfaction with Linen Services Comparison of all the three service domains rendered to the inpatients/respondents: Mean of Weighted average scores of parameters of each service can be used to deduce appropriate conclusions regarding the services. Dietary service is highly satisfactory as its mean of weighted average scores is 77.1 while the housekeeping service scores 69.8 which is the second highly satisfactory service provided by the hospital. Linen service is not as much as satisfactory as compared to other ones as its mean of weighted average is only 67.8, the higher the mean of weighted average for any parameter the better it is in terms of the ideal situation. But in general, we can say that since all the scores are >50, all the three services are satisfactory. Figure 6. Satisfaction with the three support services DISCUSSION: The study was aimed for the assessment of in-patient satisfaction across select support service domains viz. dietary service, housekeeping service and linen services at SGPGIMS, Lucknow. The third objective of this study was gap analysis which will be achieved through this segment. This was analyzed through a questionnaire of satisfaction among in-patients. The sample size of n =323 in-patients include about 62% male & 38% female respondents; the demographic data also reveals that 66% were in the age group of 20 to 59 years which is an economical productive age group. People coming from rural areas are 41% & about 59% people are urban in origin. Researches have shown that female and male have different expectations of the health care system, which may affect their satisfaction with services. Differences in male/female health care providers and patient communication styles may also have an effect on how patients evaluate health care services. Patient satisfaction also varies by age, with satisfaction being highest among people aged 20 or older (66%).The sociodemographic profile itself shows the importance of the hospital because majority of the respondents were in the age group for 20 or more years which is economically productive age group. Rural people do not have large expectations from the hospital besides their medical treatment & provision of basic amenities during the stay at hospital. At least this much is the right of every human being which should be well considered and provided by the Government. The concept of weighted average


The aim of this study is to obtain the mediating role of organizational identification in relationship whith perception of corporate reputation perception and job satisfaction. The sample of the study consists of academic and administrative staff in the university in the East Anatolia Region. The study contains both literature review and field research towards academic and administrative staff among in group, 883 Bu araştırma Metin IŞIK tarafından Yrd.Doç.Dr. Mustafa ZİNCİRKIRAN danışmanlığında gerçekleştirilen doktora tez çalışmasının bir bölümünden üretilmiştir. M. Işık – M. Zincirkıran 8/3 (2016) 89-106 İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi Journal of Business Research-Türk 90 samples have been chosen randomly and the analysis have been made on them. On the acquired data of the study trough "Structural Equational Model" and confirmatory factor analysis have been applied. For this analysis, AMOS 18.0 programme has been used. In the consequence of the research, some findings supporting the suggested hypothesis have been acquired. In this context, positive linear releationship have beeen obtained between perception of corporate reputation and job satisfaction/ organizational identification. The mediating role of organizational identification between perception of corporate reputation and job satisfaction which consist of the main hypothesis of the study has been discovered.


In this paper, a new power converter with redundant topology is proposed to compare the fault tolerance capability in terms of the torque density of a 6/4 conventional switched reluctance motor (SRM) and a synchronous reluctance motor (SynRM) that uses an axially laminated rotor. The simulation of the converter is achieved through an equivalent electrical circuit built into the circuit editor, CIRFLU, coupled to the finite elements model (FEM) of the machine using FLUX 2D software package. A numerical approach by FEM allowsafiner analysis of the phenomena intransient and non-linear mode. Simulations of various defects were used to compare the performance of two machines for fault-tolerant applications. The theoretical results compared with the experimental ones existing in the literature prove the effectiveness of this study.


The test mainly studies some reasons why houses appear cracks,and the influence of blasting vibration to house.We calculated and measured the biggest vibration velocity of villages near the explosion place,and explore the largest quantities of once blasting which made sure the building to be safe.Meanwhile,measures of declining vibration speed were studied when extended explosion scale.


During development of a drug, the requirement of evaluating the proarrhythmic risk and delayed repolarization needs to be fulfilled. Would it be possible to create an alternative to a thorough QT (TQT) study or is there a need to perform a dedicated TQT study? How is an alternative approach generated, what information is available, and which instructions are considered missing today to generate such an approach? This tutorial describes the considerations and path followed to create an early and feasible alternative to a TQT study using experience‐based insights from a successful application to the US Food and Drug Administration for GLPG1972, an ADAMTS‐5 inhibitor, and discusses the approach used in light of the current guidelines and literature.


The main aim of this work was to further develop the method of extended energy-loss fine structure (EXELFS) for the investigation of the structure of binary compounds containing light elements (C, O, S, P, etc.). The local atomic structure in different carbon modifications such as highly oriented pyrolytic graphite and amorphous graphite prepared by milling in a planetary ball mill was studied in an HF-3000 FEG TEM transmission electron microscope equipped with an electron spectrometer for recording electron-energy-loss spectra. The advantage of the EXELFS method for the study of the local atomic structure of binary compounds containing light elements was demonstrated by the example of cementite Fe 3 C in a carbon steel U15.


In this paper, we study the optimization of resource allocation in dual-hop relay assisted multi-user sparse code multiple access (SCMA) uplink network. Based on this, an uplink transmission strategy with the combination of SCMA and orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) is considered, where the user equipments (UEs) transmit information to a relay station (RS) via SCMA codebook assignment and then the RS amplifies and forwards the information to the base station (BS) through OFDMA subcarrier pairing. Under the individual power constraints on both UEs and RS, a problem of maximizing the weighted sum-rate of the system by joint power allocation, codebook assignment and subcarrier pairing is conceived. To tackle the complex issue, a two-step wise algorithm is proposed. Alternatively, we find the optimal power and codebook allocation based on the special feature of SCMA codebook, and then obtain the solution to subcarrier pairing with a new criteria for each possible subcarrier pair. Numerical results verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in both weighted sum-rate and energy efficiency (EE).


A traffic light is an information-showing device,which is often seen in traffic control system.This paper introduces the source of yellow light,and also discuss the effection with time of yellow light.At last,the author presents a model to solve the time of yellow light.


Caisson disease is an important condition that can be seen in diver. It is an important form of decompression illness that requires proper therapeutic management[1,2]. The problem can be sporadically seen in any coastal country. In Thailand, as a country with a long coastal line of more than one thousand kilometers, this problem can be seen. According to the recent report, this condition is an important consideration in maritime occupational health[3]. However, there are limited numbers of publications in caisson disease. Gold et al. published a paper on the illness in local diver but it is not specific to the caisson disease[4]. Here, the authors try to summarize the published paper on caisson disease in Thailand and try to find out the death rate in the cases. The authors use search engines as PubMed and Thai index medicus for searching. According to the searching, there are only 2 local publications on caisson disease[5,6]. In addition, the incomplete information can be seen in the published paper (due to the nature of local publication with low academic quality). Of interest, on the cases with available data, overall death rate of caisson disease in Thailand is equal to 100%. In fact, there are many explanations for the observed extremely high death rate. First, as note, due to the incomplete record and report, the available data might be only on the death cases. In fact, case recording and reporting is the critical step for proper disease surveillance for caisson disease[7,8]. Second, this might reflect the poor technology for management of caisson disease in Thailand. In fact, there are only few medical centers in Thailand that can care caisson disease. In Thailand, the available hyperbaric oxygen therapy is routinely used for other purposes, not for the management of caisson disease[9-11].


The forms of occurrence of vanadium metal are determined by the major chemical reactions in the aquatic environment such as hydrolysis, oxidation, reduction, and precipitation. Depending on pH, potential and total concentration of inorganic ions and organic ligands, vanadium compounds may undergo various transformations to produce a whole range of chemical forms in aqueous systems. In this paper, a novel approach has been applied for calculating potential-pH (Pourbaix) diagrams, based on the developed thermodynamic analysis of chemical equilibria in the V–H2O system. On the basis of currently revised thermodynamic data for V(III), V(IV) and V(V) hydrolysis and original thermodynamic and graphical approach used, the repartition of their soluble and insoluble chemical species has been investigated. By means of ΔG–pH diagrams, the areas of thermodynamic stability of V(IV) and V(V) hydroxides have been established for a number of analytical concentrations of vanadium in heterogeneous mixtures. The obtained results, based on the thermodynamic analysis and graphic design of calculated data, are in good agreement with available experimental data.


In the department of Narino, the area cultivated in cereals has no rotation alternatives that allow farmers to improve their incomes, in addition to breaking pathogen cycles and diversifying their production systems. A possible option could be shrub pea. In SENA's Lope Farm sectional Narino, the effect of sowing season and training systems on five genotypes of shrub pea was evaluated. The sowing season corresponded to march (season I), april (season II) and may (season III). A randomized complete block design was used in each period in divided plots. The main plot corresponded to vertical training system (TV), horizontal training system (TH) and any training system (ST), and the subplots to five genotypes of shrub pea. The variables evaluated were: days at flowering, days at harvest in green, pod weight, number of pods per plant, yield and percentage of healthy pods. The viability of the treatments was determined using the partial budget analysis. The results indicated higher yields in seasons II and III. The TV and TH systems exceeded the ST in percentage of healthy pods (%VS). Lines UN6651 and UN5174 stood out in pod green weight and yield. UN6651 got the best response for % VS. The greatest economic viability at seasons I and III was for the any training system and at season II for the systems vertical training and horizontal training.


The basic UPS characteristic of control system in the metro is introduced in brief,and the new style modularized UPS can help to improve the dependability and applicability of UPS.Based on the power supply request of metro weak electricity system,the possibility of UPS concentrated power supply in the metro stations is analyzed.


In this paper, a theoretical model of EM-MWDis set up based on the numerical mode matching method (NMM) and source equivalent principle. The model may consider radial and axial inhomogeneities, facilitate analysis of the influence of casing, mud, high conductivity layer, high resistivity layer on signal transmission. The correctness of this theoretical model is proved by calculation and field test. The effect of formation resistivity, working frequency, casing, drilling mud, pillar, high conductivity layer and high resistivity layer on the signal transmission is analyzed.


This paper summarized the basic principle of the working model using RTK technology,analyzed the resources of error of RTK technology and its countermeasures.Then it discussed the application of RTK technology for the control survey and component survey in digital city administration.


The article attempts to analyze the impact of distance learning to young people who learning and studying. The area of interest embrace a communication between student and teacher, issues related to the methodology and organization of teaching, technical aspects of online education and psychological consequences of the introduced sanitary restrictions.


The ultrastructural changes occurring in porelne epithelium across the mucogingival Junction were studied. Passing from attached gingiva to alveolar mucosa the most striking change in the deeper epithelial layers was a marked decrease in cytoplasmic tonofilaments. There was a gradual reduction in the thickness of the stratum corncum and also in the number of cells contained in this layer. Attached gingiva cells in the upper stratum spinosum and stratum corneurn displayed few interdigitations but as the junctional region was traversed interdigitating cell processes became common in these strata. Intercellular spaces became wider. There is no well defined line which represents vhe mucogingival junction. Rather there is a transitional zone where features of attached gingiva coexist with features of alveolar mucosa. These changes occurring across the mucogingival junction can be correlated with the functional requirement for attached gingiva to be relatively immoveable whilst alveolar mucosa remains flexible. Copyright


Noise pollution ranked second among the environmental stressors for public health impact. In silence zones such as hospitals and school area adults and children are in significant number. In many silence zones sound level is not maintained as per the specified rules which causes bad impact on people's health. The main objective of this paper is to propose a prototype that will detect the silence zone and automatically turn off the DJ system and also warn the respective authority if sound level is above the specified level in areas other than silence zones. It will help in providing an automated solution to reduce the sound pollution using a microcontroller and RF module, GSM. RF module is used to detect the silence zones and GSM used for sending the message to concerned authority when sound is beyond permissible level. Basically, the system will detect the silence zone with the help of RF transmitter and receiver pair and turn off the DJ system. If sound goes above the limit then with the help of GSM message is sent. This prototype was successfully implemented and tested with different conditions of sound and can be used to help the society to overcome the sound pollution to some extent.


0. Operations of Multiple Stage Translation (MST) are applied in this paper to a portion of a text known as Shawnee Laws. The format followed is in the main that suggested by Voegelin.1 Before the stages are outlined, some comments are made on a specific problem which became apparent in the course of making the translation. It is one of the desiderata of MST that as many of the operations as possible be carried out without appeal to the meaning of the text on which the operations are performed. But in order to have materials upon which to perform these operations someone must make initial semantic judgements, i.e., must identify equivalent stretches of speech between two languages. In the practice of anthropological linguistics it is the bilingual informant who is in a position to supply such stretches. The accuracy of the informant's TL responses is increased by constant rechecking.2


The study of the experience of home education in Poland is driven by the need for its scientific analysis with the prospect of further implementation of valuable achievements in the educational practice of Ukraine, where interest in this form of education is growing rapidly for various reasons. The Polish conditions for the development of home education were more in line with those of countries where home education was not favored. Therefore, the formation of home education in Poland took place in the context of a transformation of public attitudes towards it: from rejection, which is typical of countries with a certain monopoly of public schools, to widespread tolerance, due to the democratization of society, the establishment of civic values and the worldview mission of the Catholic Church. The positive role of the Catholic Church is reflected in its advocacy of the priority right and responsibility of parents, rather than the state, in raising children. The peculiar liberalization of educational law regarding home schooling can be considered an indicator of revolutionary changes in its public perception. Quantitative indicators of student involvement in home education demonstrate a significant interest in it not only during the pandemic, but also after the situation has normalized. A wide network of institutions, foundations, and resources has been created to ensure the effective existence of home education, providing subject-related, pedagogical, and methodological assistance to parents and students. The most controversial issues in the process of organizing homeschooling are those related to the obligation of students to take annual classification exams. Homeschooling meets the requirements of modern demand for educational services in terms of distance, mobility, and individual educational trajectory, and also contributes significantly to the formation of digital competencies, as its nature most fully encourages students to self-education. Rethinking the Polish experience can be a good basis for its creative use in domestic educational practice. Keywords: home education, home education in Poland, homeschooling, Polish educational law, classification exam.


Based on the Wheeler model,a hydro-mechanical coupling model of unsaturated porous media is presented.The formulation of capillary hysteresis with internal state variables is adopted as the soil-water characteristic curve in this model.The effect of capillary hysteresis in the hydraulic history on the deformation of unsaturated porous media and the effect of deformation of unsaturated porous media on the flow processes can be simulated by this new model.The strength of unsaturated soil is related to suction and the saturation degree.Although the soil experienced drying and wetting have the same suction value,the saturation degrees are different.So the strengths of unsaturated soils are different too.The irrecoverable change in volume fraction of water and the plastic volume deformation are used to be hardening parameters.The new model can be used to describe the effect of the saturation degree on strength and deformation,in addition to the hardening effect of matric suction on the unsaturated soils.The comparisons between the model predictions and test results confirm that the model can simulate the main features of unsaturated soil behavior.The theoretical framework is developed for the isotropic loading condition;so its generalization to a more general stress space is needed in the future.


In this paper an attempt is made to analyse factors affecting supply issues at different functional nodes of Wheat Value Chain (WVC), flow of commodities and roles of cooperatives and other institutions in supply issues. Sources of primary data include input suppliers, service providers, wheat producers, traders, cooperatives, wheat processing industries. Interview schedules, informal group discussions and observations were used to collect primary data from actors in wheat value chain. The sample design was multiple sampling stages, zones as first stage sampling unit, districts as second stage sampling unit, kebeles as third stage sampling unit and key WVC actors as fourth stage sampling unit. Factors of supply issues in wheat industry has been analyzed with the help of descriptive statistics, qualitative methods and stepwise multiple regression (OLS). The result indicates that cooperative as actor has failed to supply adequate input, namely pesticide and herbicide caused input retailers to manifest their opportunistic behavior and exploit asymmetric information on input quality at small shops and spot market, which in turn, declined wheat productivity. Wheat producer's marketed surplus significantly increased with land size, fertilizer, extension service, and distance from main road, producer's WVC function, and decreased with crop rotation. About 90% of wheat processing industries ranked shortage of raw materials as the number one barrier for wheat product supply. Concerned body should work on technology and extension service supply and coordination to address low raw materials and final products supply at each functional node of wheat value chain.


The Reorientation Program of the Health Professional Training (Pro-Health) was launched in November 2005 by the Ministry of Health and Education. Relying on the cooperation of the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), they have assumed the responsibility of giving technical and financial support for the courses they choose for facing the processes of change on the basis of professional formation, inserting the students in real scenarios of practice, with emphasis on primary care since the beginning of their formation.


The proliferation of social networks and their popularity among web users has lead a lot of researches on their analysis. One of the social network classes is trust networks in which the links indicate trust or distrust. There are some challenges for these networks like interaction with anonymous users, inaccurate equations, time sensitivity and etc. Due to huge number of users, the first challenge has a high level of importance and one of its solutions is predicting trust and distrust values. In this manuscript we proposed a new method for trust and distrust prediction. To implement our method, first of all we constructed a multiplex network for our problem which consists of two layers and the relations in each layer have different concepts; one layer indicates trust relations and the other indicates similarity relations. We then ranked the nodes of this multiplex network using a degree ranking method specialized for this kind of networks and used these ranks to obtain optimism and reputation, which constructs our feature vectors for a logistic regression predictor. Our experiments on Epinions real data set, showed that accuracy of our proposed method in predicting trust and distrust relations is higher than the previous methods including the cluster-based collaborative filtering and some methods based on social theory, balance theory, and machine learning framework.


In this second part of a review of the IMProved Reduction of Outcomes: Vytorin Efficacy International Trial (IMPROVE-IT), we discuss the findings in relation to patients with stroke, the ACS phenotype, history of coronary artery bypass graft surgery, heart failure, concurrent polyvascular atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and diabetes mellitus, and different levels of expression of selected cardiovascular biomarkers. The combination therapy was proven safe, and drug discontinuation rates were not increased by adding ezetimibe. Since both statins and ezetimibe are now almost globally generically available, we can conclude that for secondary prevention of ASCVD, adding ezetimibe to high-intensity statin therapy further reduces low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and cardiovascular risk cost-effectively.


The invention relates to a device for preparing macromolecule nano-fibre, and a spinning method. The device comprises: a nozzle which is connected with a fibre spraying tube and is electrically connected with the anode or the cathode of a high-voltage generator, wherein, a conductive receiving board is electrically connected with the cathode or the anode of the high-voltage generator; a drain sleeve, the lower port of which is sealed together with the upper port of the fibre spraying tube; and a heating coil which is arranged outside the fibre spraying tube and enwraps the fibre spraying tube tightly, wherein, a temperature transmitter is positioned between the heating coil and the fibre spraying tube and is attached to the fibre spraying tube, and a temperature feedback controller is electrically connected with the temperature transmitter and the heating coil respectively. A signal which is measured by the temperature transmitter is received and the working of the heating coil is regulated and controlled, to lead the contained macromolecular solution to reach the preset temperature. In the spinning method, the macromolecular solution which is prepared by polymer material is contained in the fibre spraying tube, and is heated until the temperature reaches the preset temperature through the temperature feedback controller; pressure is loaded, the macromolecule nano-fibre flows out from the nozzle under the action of the electric field force and is collected on the receiving board.


MP No general consensus exists regarding the definition of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) heterogeneity. That being said, Dr Otto Metzger Filho and colleagues at the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute presented a definition of HER2 heterogeneity, used in a phase 2 trial of neoadjuvant ado-trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1; Kadcyla, Genentech) plus pertuzumab (Perjeta, Genentech) in patients with HER2-positive breast cancer, at the 2019 annual meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO). The trial investigators defined intratumoral HER2 heterogeneity as at least 1 of 6 areas of a biopsied tumor demonstrating either (1) HER2 positivity by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in more than 5% and fewer than 50% of tumor cells or (2) an area of tumor testing negative for HER2. As is frequently the case when attempts are made to define cutoffs for variables that are continuous rather than dichotomous, a concern regarding the first part of the definition is that in a rapidly proliferating tumor (eg, with a high Ki67 level), some percentage of the cells may be undergoing DNA synthesis in S phase in which the DNA at the HER2 locus has been copied but the chromosome 17 centromere (control probe sequences) DNA replication is incomplete. In this situation, one might see a fraction of cells (perhaps >5% and <50%) with HER2/ CEP17 ratios that are slightly greater than 2, and approximately 4 copies of HER2 by FISH. This finding is clearly not an example of HER2 heterogeneity, but rather of pathophysiologic DNA synthesis during S phase in non– HER2-amplified tumor cells that are proliferating rapidly. A precise definition of intratumoral HER2 heterogeneity probably must await further technological breakthroughs. One example of such a breakthrough would be the application of single-cell sequencing technologies when or if this breaks the cost threshold. Nearly all oncologists who treat patients with breast cancer have seen cases in which the HER2 gene is focally (geographically) amplified in some of the tumor cells but not all—a classic example of heterogeneity in HER2 alteration. This more general descriptive definition that we see on pathology reports from time to time, however infrequently, falls within the second part of the definition of HER2 heterogeneity used in the Dana-Farber study.


Request from the Norwegian Food Safety Authority (NFSA) In September 2013, the Norwegian Food Safety Authority requested VKM to update relevant parts of the benefit-risk assessment of fish in the Norwegian diet published by VKM in 2006. The background for the request was new knowledge and data on the content of some nutrients and contaminants both for wild and farmed fish since 2006. The proportion of vegetable ingredients used in farmed fish feed has in recent years increased, and new national dietary surveys for adults and children have been conducted. The Norwegian Food Safety Authority referred to VKM's report from 2006, which pointed out that the positive impact of fish consumption on public health was especially due to the content of polyunsaturated fatty acids and vitamin D in fish. Further, VKM concluded that the contaminants that could pose a potential risk to public health through fish consumption mainly were methylmercury, dioxins and dioxin-like PCBs (dl-PCBs). Grey Literature Skare et al.; EJNFS, 5(4): 260-266, 2015; Article no.EJNFS.2015.023 261 The request included a reassessment of fish consumption in Norway with focus on specific nutrients; n-3 fatty acids (eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), vitamin D, and the minerals iodine and selenium, and on specific contaminants; mercury, dioxins and dl-PCBs. VKM was asked to address the main changes in the use of raw materials in farmed fish feed and how these affect the levels of nutrients, mercury, dioxins and dl-PCBs and in fish feed. Further, VKM was asked to address to what extent levels of nutrients and contaminants in fish have changed since 2006, to describe these changes and estimate the human intake of the substances in question on the basis of recent dietary data. VKM was also requested to consider the benefits of eating fish with regard to the intake of nutrients and the risks associated with the intake of mercury, dioxins and dl-PCBs and comment on whether this change the conclusions from the report in 2006. Additionally, on the basis of updated knowledge, VKM was asked to comment whether other substances, like pesticide and residues of veterinary medicinal products, could affect the conclusions with regard to the impact on public health. The Norwegian Food Safety Authority and the Directorate of Health will use the updated assessment as a basis for public recommendations concerning the consumption of fish and fish products. How VKM has Addressed the Request The VKM appointed a working group consisting of VKM members and external experts to answer the request. Several of the scientific panels of VKM reviewed the report during its preparation. The Scientific Steering Committee of VKM has given their final assessment and approval of the current report. In the current report, VKM has mainly used data from national surveillance and monitoring programs for nutrient and contaminant concentrations in fish feed, farmed fish and wild caught fish, but occurrence data have also been derived from peer reviewed articles. VKM has estimated fish consumption in three population groups (2-year-olds, adults and pregnant women). The estimated fish consumption was compared to national dietary guidelines. To assess health effects of fish consumption, the current estimated fish intakes were also compared with assessments done by recognised international bodies and results from epidemiological studies addressing possible associations between fish consumption and specific health outcomes. Literature searches were done to identify relevant epidemiological studies. VKM has not systematically assessed reviews or meta-analyses nor individual studies for weight of evidence, but merely summarised the studies retrieved from the literature search. It was considered being beyond the scope of this assessment to review individual studies included in reviews or meta-analyses. Furthermore, based on current fish consumption in the various population groups, intake of nutrients and exposure to contaminants from fish were estimated. For benefit characterisation of the specific nutrients the estimated nutrient intake was compared with national recommendations of nutrients intake and for EPA and DHA a comparison was also done with European recommendations. For risk characterization of contaminant exposure from fish, VKM used health based guidance values set by international risk assessment bodies (WHO, EFSA). VKM noted that the request from NFSA was restricted to fish, whereas the VKM report in 2006 included both fish and other seafood. VKM focused on specific nutrients and contaminants as requested by the NFSA. In addition, VKM also commented on other substances that could affect the risk assessment, such as residues of veterinary medicinal products including residues of antibiotics, new contaminants from fish feed like the pesticide endosulfan, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), mycotoxins, the synthetic antioxidants ethoxyquin, butylhydroxyanisole (BHA) and butylhydroxytoluene (BHT), as well as environmental contaminants like brominated flame retardants and perfluorated organic compounds. Skare et al.; EJNFS, 5(4): 260-266, 2015; Article no.EJNFS.2015.023


The focus of this study was exploring the effects of several contextual factors on training motivation. Participants (N = 245) from 12 organizational training groups were given surveys designed to measure pretraining motivation, expected job and career utility of training, peer and supervisor training transfer climate, involvement in decision to be trained, and decision-maker credibility. Structural equations modeling indicated that (a) perceived job utility of training significantly predicted training motivation, (b) decision involvement resulted in higher perceptions of job and career utility, (c) decision-maker credibility affected job and career utiflity, and (d) supervisor training transfer climate affected anticipated job utility. Implications of the findings for increasing the effectiveness of training are discussed.


This paper provides a general solution for a multiply-layered cylinder made of functionally graded materials. The Young's modulus is assumed to be an arbitrary function of r, and the Poisson's ratio takes a constant value. The first step is to study the single-layer case (a < r < b). A transfer matrix is defined, relating the values of radial stress and displacement at the initial point (rD a) to those at the end point (rD b). The matrix is evaluated on the basis of two fundamental solutions, which are evaluated numerically. The final solution is obtained by using many transfer matrices for layers, continuation conditions between layers, and boundary conditions at inner and outer boundaries. Several numerical examples are provided.


Photovoltaic (PV) power is attracting more and more concerns. Power output prediction, as a necessary technical requirement of PV plants, closely relates to the rationality of power grid dispatch. If the accuracy of power prediction in PV plants can be further enhanced by forecasting, stability of power grid will be improved. Therefore, a 1-h-ahead power output forecasting based on long-short-term memory (LSTM) networks is proposed. The forecasting output of the model is based on the time series of 1-h-ahead numerical weather prediction to reveal the spatio-temporal characteristic. The comprehensive meteorological conditions, including different types of season and weather conditions, were considered in the model, and parameters of LSTM models were investigated simultaneously. Analysis of prediction result reveals that the proposed model leads to a superior prediction performance compared with traditional PV output power predictions. The accuracy of output power prediction is enhanced by 3.46–13.46%.


Objectives: To evaluate the results of surgically treated patients with isolated subscapularis tendon tears. Patients and Methods: Twelve patients with isolated tears of the subscapularis muscle tendon surgically treated by the between June 1987 and April 2005 were evaluated. Ten patients had traumatic lesions. Eight patients were male and four female. The period of pre-operative symptoms ranged from three days to 72 months. Seven patients were submitted to arthroscopic procedures and five to open surgical ones. Seven had complete and five had partial tendon tears. There was 33,3% of associated lesions of the long head of the biceps tendon. Results: The mean range of motion of the patients has improved from preoperative to final evaluation from 135o to 150o of forward elevation, from 60o to 50o of lateral rotation and a medial rotation from T12 to T9. Six patients returned to their pre-injury level of sports activity. Using the UCLA score, 11 patients had excellent or good results. Conclusion: Surgically treated isolated tears of the subscapularis tendon lead to good results and patients satisfaction.


Introduction Doors and windows routes to engagement Doing less, being more counselling and aphasia A time of transition Changing places reflections of therapists and group members on the power and potential of groups Still life of a chameleon aphasia and its impact on identity Time please! Temporal barriers in aphasia 'Cebrelating' aphasia and poetry celebrating the difference and diversity Do I have green hair?'Conversations'in aphasia therapy The Internet and aphasia crossing the digital divide Talking to ourselves dialogues in and out of language Aphasia centres and community more than just the sum of parts Directions without words References Index.


A review of the design considerations of 1/2-in. cassette-based Y/R-Y/B-Y component recording system for broadcast applications. Physical characteristics (size, weight, etc.) were related to electromechanical design requirements such as writing speed, drum diameter, loading mechanism, power requirements, and tape carrier. Electrical characteristics included were the basic recording format, a time compression/division multiplex encoding technique for the color component signals, and the adaptability of equipment currently in use in a component system. The application of CCD technology to the encoding and decoding of component signals to improve recording density and chrominance component isolation is discussed.


Deep convolutional neural networks have shown outstanding performance in several speech and image recognition tasks. However they demand high computational complexity which limits their deployment in resource limited machines. The proposed work lowers the hardware complexity by constraining the learned convolutional kernels to be separable and also reducing the word-length of these kernels and other weights in the fully connected layers. To compensate for the effect of direct quantization, a retraining scheme that includes filter separation and quantization inside of the adaptation procedure is developed in this work. The filter separation reduces the number of parameters and arithmetic operations by 60% for a 5 × 5 kernel, and the quantization further lowers the precision of storage and arithmetic by more than 80 to 90°% when compared to a floating-point algorithm. Experimental results on MNIST and CIFAR-10 datasets are presented.


Microstructure control in thin-layer multilayer ceramic capacitors (MLCCs) is one of the nowaday challenges for increasing capacitive volumetric efficiency and high voltage dielectric properties. In this paper, the ultrafine-grained BaTiO3 dielectric ceramics with uniform grain size distribution were prepared by chemical coating approach. The doping effects of rare-earth element (Ho) on the microstructures and dielectric properties of the ceramics were investigated. The addition of Ho in nano BaTiO3-based ceramics was found to improve the temperature coefficient of capacitance (TCC) performance, which could be attributed to a significant reduction in the grain size. Moreover, the effects of two-step sintering (TSS) method on the microstructures and dielectric properties, compared with conventional sintering (CS) method, were also discussed. The dielectric constant of ceramics sintered by the TSS method was higher than that of ceramics prepared by CS method. The results reveal that the adoption of TSS method could control the grain size and suppress the abnormal grain growth more effectively, which improves the TCC characteristics.


e state intervention and expropriation of 51% of YPF, the historical national oil company, by the government of Cristina Fernández de Kirchner in April 2012, constituted a transformation of structural character, of the most felt and claimed throughout the kirchneristsgovernments cycle. is work addresses a set of relevant aspects: the format and design adopted to recover state control over YPF; certain economic indicators that reflect the performance of the flag oil company, within the framework of the hydrocarbon production circuit and in relation to the role of its dominant agents; the state economic policies deployed around its new management and the bet on non-conventional hydrocarbons that was sustained to alleviate one of the weakest flanks of the neo-developmentalist accumulation model, the "energy crisis";and the economic and geopolitical implications of this bet on the "non-conventional". Finally, there is evidence of the limitations of a development strategy oriented predominantly in favor of local economic groups, within a framework of retrenchment of the kirchnerist political project, going from the so-called "deepening of the model" to only "enduring it".


The present study is an attempt to examine the role of locus of Control in adherence to medication in Type 2 Diabetes. The research sample consisted of 100 subjects (both males and females) with age range 25-60 years. All the subjects were administered on Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale and Medical Adherence Rating Scale. Correlation and Regression analysis revealed significant results.


The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the feasibility of grammatical evolution (GE) in combining meteorological models into more accurate single forecast of rainfall amount. A set of GE experiments was performed comparing six proposed ensemble forecast grammars on three benchmark problems. We also proposed a manner of designing benchmark problems by creating arbitrary combinations of meteorological models, as well as modeling the effect of weather patterns over models as explicit functions. The results showed that the GE algorithm obtained a superior performance relative to three traditional statistical methods for all the benchmark problems. A comparison among the developed grammars showed that our most complex grammar, which allows non-linear combinations of models and an unrestricted use of patterns, turned out to be the overall best performing proposal.


The renewable energy generated from wind reduces the expenditure of electricity production. According to the variation and the nonlinearity of the wind data, the precise speed of the wind forecasting regrading as a major role in renewable energy systems. A great amount of wind speed forecasting algorithms were proposed to improve the forecasting reliability. In this paper, a hybrid forecasting model is presented based on Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) combined with Support Vector Regression (SVR) called WOA-SVR model to select the optimal hyper-parameters value of Gaussian/ Radial Base Function (RBF) and penalty factor for forecasting purposes of wind speed. In order to assess the performance of the proposed model, this paper uses daily average wind speed data of OpenEI wind speed dataset as a case study. The results are analyzed and compared with genetic algorithm (GA) and traditional SVR. Eventually, the obtained optimization results revealed that the WOA-SVR model is very competitive for wind speed prediction.


Inflammation and pro‐inflammatory cytokines (e.g., TNFα, IL‐13) induce airway smooth muscle (ASM) hyper‐reactivity and remodeling characteristic of asthma. We hypothesized that exposure to TNFα (and IL‐13) increases isometric force generation in porcine ASM via several underlying mechanisms: 1) increasing sensitivity to ACh stimulation; 2) enhancing the cytosolic Ca2+ ([Ca2+]cyt) response to ACh; 3) increasing the Ca2+ sensitivity of force generation; 4) enhancing the Ca2+‐dependent phosphorylation of myosin regulator light chain (rMLC); 5) promoting expression of non‐muscle rMLC; 6) increasing actin and myosin heavy chain (MyHC) content (i.e., the number of contractile units); and/or 7) promoting cytoskeletal remodeling (actin polymerization). Studies were performed on intact ASM strips (~1 mm wide × ~5 mm long) dissected from porcine tracheas obtained from a local abattoir. The ASM strips were placed in PSS with and without TNFα (100 ng/ml) for 24 h. The ACh concentration dependence of force generation ASM was determined (ACh range from 10 nM to 1mM), and the EC50 (i.e., the ACh concentration that produces 50% of maximal ASM force) was determined. In control, untreated ASM, the EC50 for ACh was 2.6 μM compared to 1.3 μM following TNFα treatment. We found that across all ACh concentrations, ASM force increased after TNFα treatment with an ~50% increase in maximum ASM force. The [Ca2+]cyt response induced by the EC50 [ACh] was similar in control and TNFα treated ASM. Thus, with an increase in force and no effect on [Ca2+]cyt, there was an apparent increase in Ca2+ sensitivity of force after TNFα treatment. However, in both control and TNFα treated ASM, the extent of rMLC phosphorylation induced by ACh stimulation was not affected by TNFα treatment. Importantly, the extent of rMLC phosphorylation at the ACh EC50 was comparable between control and TNFα treatment indicating no change in Ca2+ sensitivity. The expression of non‐muscle rMLC (determined by 2D gel electrophoresis) was also unaffected by TNFα treatment. Total actin and MyHC concentrations increased by ~45% following TNFα treatment; thus, the number of contractile units contributing to force increased. This was reflected by a marked increase in the Ca2+ activation of ATP consumption (cross‐bridge cycling) of ASM following TNFα treatment. Cytoskeletal remodeling was evaluated by ACh‐induced actin polymerization (F‐/G‐actin ratio) but was found to be unaffected by TNFa treatment. Together, our results show that two primary mechanisms underlie the marked increase in ASM force generation induced by 24‐h TNFα exposure: 1) an increase in ACh sensitivity, and 2) an increase in actin and MyHC concentrations (number of contractile units).


Xenopus laevis oocyte maturation is induced by the steroid hormone progesterone through a nongenomic mechanism that implicates the inhibition of the effector system adenylyl cyclase (AC). Recently, it has been shown that the G protein βγ heterodimer is involved in oocyte maturation arrest. Since AC is the proposed target for Gβγ action, we considered of importance to identify and characterize the Gβγ regulated AC isoform(s) that are expressed in the Xenopus oocyte. Through biochemical studies, we found that stage VI plasma membrane oocyte AC activity showed attributes of an AC2 isoform. Furthermore, exogenous Gβγ was capable to activate oocyte AC only in the presence of the activated form of Gαs (Gαs‐GTPγS), which is in agreement with the Gγβ conditional activation reported for the mammalian AC2 and AC4 isotypes. In order to study the functional role of AC in oocyte maturation we cloned from a Xenopus oocyte cDNA library a gene encoding an AC with high identity to AC7 (xAC7). Based on this sequence, we constructed a minigene encoding the AC‐Gβγ interacting region (xAC7pep) to block, within the oocyte, this interaction. We found that microinjection of the xAC7pep potentiated progesterone‐induced maturation, as did the AC2 minigene. From these results we can conclude that a Gβγ‐activated AC is playing an important role in Xenopus oocyte meiotic arrest in a Gαs‐GTP dependent manner. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


For three consecutive years (2015–2017), two deficit irrigation (DI) strategies were used in a 12-year old vineyard (cv. 'Crimson Seedless') to implement a sustainable irrigation protocol according to the available water for the farmer. Four different irrigation treatments were assessed: (i) Control (CTL), irrigated to satisfy the maximum crop water requirements throughout the entire growing season; two DI treatments irrigated as CTL except during post-veraison, when the vines were irrigated at 50% CTL: (ii) Regulated Deficit Irrigation (RDI); and (iii) Partial Root Drying (PRD), alternating the wet and dry sides of the root zone, and (iv) irrigated according to the criteria followed by the farmer (FARM), and conditioned by the availability of water each season. The DI strategies resulted in a 50% increase in water use efficiency in the first two years and 81% during the third year. Weekly deficit irrigation protocols are proposed, which specify a maximum difference of 0.22 MPa of midday stem water potential with respect to well-watered vines for a range of irrigation water availabilities between 4000 and 7000 m3 ha−1. An applied water prediction model based on the Gaussian regression using day of the year and maximum temperature of the day is also proposed.


The objective: to study the long-term changes (1991-2020) in tuberculosis mortality in population of Altai Kray and assess the impact of certain categories of citizens on the formation of this rate.Subjects and Methods: Statistical Forms no. 8, 30, and 33, statistical compilations, and medical scientific publications.Results. In order to analyze the curves reflecting changes in tuberculosis mortality in Altai Kray and Russia, these curves have been divided into three conventional periods. General trends have been identified but there are some peculiarities: a significant excess of the average longterm value of the rate versus this rate for whole of Russia; this rate increased faster in the conventional period of 1991-2005. Using the statistical method, it has been established that the formation of tuberculosis mortality rate in the population of Altai Kray was influenced by tuberculosis mortality rate in the Federal Penitentiary Service in 1997 and 1998 and in homeless people in 2005-2008.


An Arabidopsis male sterile mutant pollen mitosis 1,pmi1 was obtained through ethyl methane sulfonate(EMS) mutagenesis on wild type accession Col-0.Genetic analysis indicated that the male sterility phenotype of the mutant was inherent through gametophyte.Cytological observation suggested that the development of mutant pollen was abnormal,and its nucleus degraded before it entered into pollen mitosis I stage(PMI).Map-based cloning using F2 population from the crossing between the pmi1 and wild type Ler had localized the impaired gene PIM1 to the chromosomal region between two molecular markers,T19L18 and T1D16 which are 55Kb apart.A single base substitution was found at the 3067bp locus of ERECTA open reading frame in this 55Kb region.Taken together,our results suggested the ERECTA gene might play an important role in the development progress from uninucleate microspore to binucleate pollen in Arabidopsis.


Local fibrinolytic activity in leg veins has not been completely explored. Since the blood in the right atrium is a mixture of venous blood supplied from the whole body, the fibrinolytic activity in the right atrium may be used as a reference value to which local values can be compared in order to identify local hyperfibrinolysis or hypofibrinolysis. We compared fibrinolytic parameters [tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA), plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1), euglobulin clot lysis time] measured in the femoral vein with those in the right atrium. The blood samples were obtained during right heart catheterization of 51 patients. No differences in t-PA antigen [9.6 ng/ml (6.6–11.9 ng/ml) versus 8.1 ng/ml (6.7–11.3 ng/ml)] [median (interquartile range)] and PAI-1 antigen [9.3 ng/ml (7.1–16.0 ng/ml) versus 8.4 ng/ml (5.5–14.3 ng/ml)] levels were found, whereas t-PA activity was significantly higher [183 IU/ml (39–1097 IU/ml) versus 92 IU/ml (5–680 IU/ml), P < 0.05], PAI-1 activity significantly lower [7.2 IU/ml (5.1–10.2 IU/ml) versus 7.9 IU/ml (5.8–10.3 IU/ml), P < 0.05], and the euglobulin clot lysis time was significantly shorter [6.2 1000/min (4.8–10.0 1000/min) versus 5.5 1000/min (4.1–9.1 1000/min), P < 0.05] in the femoral vein compared with the right atrium. In conclusion, our results show that local fibrinolytic activity in the femoral vein is higher than in the right atrium, and thus demonstrate that increased local fibrinolysis is present in leg veins.


Aspergillus flavus Link ex Fr., was used to evaluate the relative nutritive value in a set of breeder's material involving 2 rye, 5 wheat and 33 triticale samples ranging in protein content from 12.6 to 21.9%. The samples were tested at equal nitrogen level. Total dry weight of the mycelium produced after 72 h of shaking was used as the index of biomass. The biomass showed a negative correlation with protein content and dye-binding capacity, and a positive correlation with protein index and lysine in protein. The fungus was able to pick up an "unusual" sample which had high protein and high lysine content. In addition, the effects of initial inoculum concentration, pH value and excess soluble starch on biomass production were studied. Initial spore concentrations of 106 and 108/ml and pH values of 3.5 and 6.2 did not make significant changes in biomass. However, the presence of excess soluble starch increased the mycelial yield without basically altering the results. Lysine dependent strains of Neurospora crassa and Aspergillus nidulans did not grow well in shake cultures and it appeared that the carbohydrate energy source was left unutilised. This "left over" starch was considered to be a possible source of error in biomass determination.


Theta phase precession is thought to confer key computational advantages (e.g. temporal compression suiting spike-timing related plasticity, cognitive relations as phase distances, and population-level coding for directions and sequences). However, direct evidence speaking to: 1) its widely-theorised role in enhancing memorability; 2) its dependence upon sensory input, is lacking. We leveraged the Vector trace cell (VTC) phenomenon to examine these issues. VTCs in subiculum show a simple, unambiguous memory correlate: VTCs remember the distance and direction to a cue after the cue is removed, with a new 'trace field' which was not present before the cue was inserted. Regarding memorability, here we show that subsequently-remembered cue fields (those which become trace fields) exhibit higher levels of phase precession than subsequently-forgotten cue fields (those which produce no trace). Thus, phase precession does appear to enhance memorability, consistent with long-established theory. The second issue concerns the extent of phase precession in sensory-elicited vs memory-dependent firing. Phase precession in CA1 is strongly disrupted following deprivation of its Entorhinal, but not CA3, inputs; this could indicate that theta phase precession is largely sensory-driven and absent in memory-dependent fields. Here, however, we show that phase precession is robust in subicular VTC trace fields, i.e. when the cue that originally elicited the new vector field is no longer present. Thus, the much-theorised benefits of phase precession likely apply to memory-dependent fields. These findings have wide implications for oscillatory-based models of memory.


The OvershadOwed Preacher is a revision of Jerusha Matsen Neal's dissertation; as such, it is thoroughly researched, with extensive footnotes and a robust bibliography. Neal's thesis gives contemporary homiletical discourse much to consider, and readers will certainly find in its pages the resources needed if they wish to pursue further the various emphases and areas that the book seeks to integrate.


In this world, Intrusion Detection is more popular for preparing the network security systems. In current trend of increasing security system, there is a demand for Intrusion Detection. With these clarifications need to find a huge Data measurement, high speed traffic's and frequent forms of threats. In this work, Intrusion Detection is done by Deep Auto-Encoder network (DAEN) and Modified BAT algorithm (MBA). Our approach improves the Deep Auto Encoder (DAE) classifier by manipulating the benefits of an additional process encourage through the atmosphere of microbats (Bat Procedure). The core aim of this work is to select the features based on Modified Bat Algorithm. Towards examine the model, using the NSL-KDD data's and the survey of Modified Bat Algorithm will be discussed. Moreover, these methods do well to improve DAEN classifier and get reliable performance in standing of accuracy (96.06%), attack detection rate (95.05%)


Headlamp future vehicle, for example, to provide city lights, country road lights, highway lights, high beam, a light function such as bad weather lights. Therefore, to provide a method and apparatus for controlling the light functions of the vehicle headlamp in a reliable manner. Device is essentially a front head lamps with low beam and high beam, and at least one variable actuator, thereby, it is possible to realize a different light function. To select the write function, a variable actuator, set to a predetermined fixed position. In this case, can not select a write function in the region between the low beam and high beam, there is no means for locking the actuator in an intermediate region between the position and the high beam position of the low beam of the actuator. Therefore, it is possible to only write function that can be selected in compatible with the operating conditions and reliable way.


Casual observation and common sense reveal that wayfinding and travel can be difficult and time consuming for persons with visual impairments. Researchers still have little understanding of what the various degrees of difficulty are for various tasks, and how they affect travel and activity behavior. This paper summarizes a "real-life" field experiment at a large urban terminal where 30 blind participants performed travel and transit tasks using their regular navigation skills and also when using auditory signage technology. Pre-test interviews showed a low rate of activity participation outside the home, and a high degree of difficulty when performing many necessary transit tasks, which lead to a low occurrence of making transfers to save travel time. The field test data showed that people using the additional cues obtained through auditory signage were able to complete the tasks much faster, with less errors, less assistance from others, and with a higher degree of safety. Post-test evaluations showed that, when provided with accessible environmental cues, transit tasks were no longer rated as difficult. This group anticipated participating in many more activities outside the home and traveling more often and to more places, they anticipated making many more transfers than currently made, and they exhibited highly improved spatial knowledge of this environment and the ability to make shortcuts through it. Comparisons between regular travel and travel with auditory cues showed that participants thought the additional cues would greatly increase their travel options and mitigate many of the problems inherent in travel without sight. Finally, a "relative access measure" is discussed to empirically derive the degree of difficulty for various types of wayfinding activities. Combined, these data strongly argue the case that it is the lack of accessible cues in the environment that can cause limited access to activities and travel, and that the addition of accessible cues would greatly enhance the lives and productivity of persons with visual impairments.


THIs article undertakes to trace historically the development of grades and departments in the public schools of Memphis, Tennessee, and in so far as possible to relate the causes underlying successive changes. Public education was first established in Memphis in 1848. The early schools were housed in rented buildings, such as vacant stores, rooms in public buildings, or basement rooms of churches. Such schools, as is indicated in Table i, may be described as sex-segregated, ungraded, oneroom, and one-teacher schools. During the first four years of the life of the system, the schools were purely elementary in character. The records show a course of instruction embrac-


Luminescence properties of Er in GaN combined with the structural properties were studied by photoluminescence measurements and X-ray diffraction measurements. It was found that Er atoms occupy two kinds of incorporation sites in GaN and only one kind of site is suggested to be active for the light emission. The maximum luminescence intensity was obtained with the Er concentration at around 4 at%. The concentration quenching was observed and the cause of the quenching is related to the degradation of crystal quality rather than the formation of the segregation. (© 2008 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


Land liquefaction triggered by huge earthquake occurs repeatedly at the same area (Wakamatsu, et.al., 2006). Therefore, it is important to grasp the land liquefaction occurrence area in the past for taking measures against land liquefaction disaster. (Wakamatsu, 2011) produces the map data for historic liquefaction sites in Japan based on recent field survey and historical document from the 8th century to 2008. Also, though (Relief Liaison Conference of Archaeological Artifacts and Archaeological Artifacts Research Society, 1996) completed information on land liquefaction vestiges found on archaeological ruins in Japan at that time, later information on land liquefaction vestiges isn't made into database, except for Kanto district, Japan. Therefore, we created a geographic information system (GIS) dataset about information on archaeological ruins with land liquefaction vestiges in Niigata Prefecture, Japan, and analyzed a characteristic of spatial distribution of the ruins by associating with landform classification and/or distance from river by GIS. The result of this analysis indicated a clear trend, and it has great significance because the distribution tendency of land liquefaction in ancient period, which is not included in the "Maps for historic liquefaction sites in Japan", was comprehended.


An analytical solution is presented for the atomic displacements in the steady motion of a dislocation in the modified Frenkel‐Kontorova model. The phenomenon of the breakdown of regular dislocation motion as the dislocation velocity approaches the speed of sound, found by Earmme and Weiner in the same model for γ=1/2 is seen to exist in this model for any γ<1/2, where γ is a measure of the critical shear stress of the perfect crystal, varying from zero to one‐half in units of the shear modulus. It is found that for sufficiently low γ a mode of dislocation motion can exist in which the dislocation moves at a high constant speed without exciting any lattice waves and with no applied stress required to maintain the motion. A thorough investigation of the analytical solution for γ=1/2 (and for sufficiently large values of γ<1/2) shows that for some range of dislocation velocity v the dislocation motion is unstable. Furthermore, it appears that for sufficiently low v there does not exist a steady‐state soluti...


The relevance of the article due to the fact that threatening disasters modern cultural and political reality exacerbates interest in history and, particularly, to the archaic past peoples. Processes modernization, largely contributed to the blurring of a national character that has always been true Russian culture and traditions. Did it and the processes occurring in the area of screen culture. In this context, consideration of problems of national or, to use a cliche, «charismatic» hero, can be considered as a sign-symbol of national identity. Modern screen culture requires deep thought occurring in mass culture processes. Consideration of the cultural and national hero are part of this global problem, which, remaining still unexplored, will help solve some urgent Culturology issues.


ABSTRACT The geographic origin of the fifteenth-century illustrated Shahnama manuscript Or. 1403, held at the British Library, has been the subject of unresolved scholarly debate. Stepping away from the binary alternatives that have been suggested for the attribution of the manuscript in the past (Iran versus India, and Delhi versus the Deccan), this essay focuses on text and image and their potential relationships in its preface-frontispiece set and how these would have addressed the manuscript's possible audiences. Evaluating the ways that the preface and frontispiece reimagine the established visual and textual conventions of Shahnama manuscripts in the fifteenth century, the study explores the manuscript's engagement with a range of possible socio-historical settings, all of which reflect the complex circulation and reception of Persianate modes of culture between Iran and India in this period.


In this paper we report on a numerical study of the blast flowfield generated by a supersonic projectile released from the open-end of a shock tube into ambient air. The Euler equations, assuming axisymmetric flows, were solved using a dispersion-controlled scheme implemented with moving boundary conditions. Two initial test cases were calculated. One of them is for validation of the numerical method and the other for verification of the moving boundary conditions. After good agreement was achieved, four further cases were calculated for examining effects of various projectile speeds and different release times of the projectile after the precursor shock wave was discharged. The present numerical study confirms that complicated transient phenomena exist in the initial stages shortly after projectile release, and that the blast flowfield is much more complex than that which can be inferred from muzzle blast studies where combustion products obscure the flow.


Objective This study aims to explore the application effect of the digital human virtual anatomy system in the teaching of "Human Computed Tomography Anatomy."  Methods Students from the Medical Imaging major of the School of Medical Technology, Xi'an University of Chinese Medicine, from the 2019 and 2020 cohorts, were selected as the research subjects. They were divided into a control group (n=113) and a study group (n=124). The control group received conventional teaching methods, while the study group utilized the digital human virtual anatomy system for instructional purposes. The teaching effects were compared between the two groups. Results The study group achieved higher scores in theoretical assessments, skill assessments, completion of assignments, and participation compared to the control group, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). Conclusion The teaching reform based on the digital human virtual anatomy system is beneficial for cultivating students' learning and problem-solving abilities. It demonstrates significant teaching effectiveness and can be widely promoted and applied in future teaching processes.


Abstract Self propagating high temperature synthesis is a simple, fast and energy efficient process with a wide range of applications, one of which is the coating of the internal surfaces of steel pipes using a centrifugal thermit process. The process involves a highly exothermic reaction between powder reactants distributed around a steel tube rotating at high speed. Although the process has been widely studied, important features, particularly how the reaction propagates, have not been completely revealed due to extremely high reaction rates and temperatures. In the present work, Fe2O3–Al and, to a lesser degree, Cr2O3–Al reactions were studied under stationary (non-rotating) and rotating conditions using a high speed video camera by which the centrifugal thermit process was, for the first time, recorded optically. Video recordings clearly demonstrate that, in contradiction to current belief, the reaction does not always propagate in a well ordered (spiral) pattern, but involves multiple, randomly distributed ignition sites.


The objective of this study was to identify the conduct of community health agents (CHA) of the Family Health Strategy in cases of suspected or confirmed family violence. This qualitative, descriptive study was performed by interviewing CHAs. The content analysis of the data revealed two categories. The first refers to tracking domestic violence against women. In this category, community health agents reported suspected or confirmed cases and their form. The second category consists of reports regarding the conducts that were adopted, revealing the possible approaches used with victims and the limitations of the service. Results showed that community health agents identify domestic violence, thus indicating the need to establish strategies that contribute with improving women's care and preventing family violence. Descriptors: Health Personnel; Domestic Violence; Violence Against Women; Family Health Program.


Mobilizing public support is key to a movement's success. Little is known, however, about how movements can achieve this goal and whether involving advantaged group members is beneficial for a movement's cause. In a set of five experiments with convenience samples collected in the United States and Germany (total N = 1,625), we examined whether protests (e.g., against racism and sexism) with and without advantaged group members affect politicized identification among observers. We expected that the presence (vs. absence) of advantaged group members at a protest will increase politicized identification among advantaged group observers, which was confirmed in Studies 1A– 1C. In contrast, we expected that the disadvantaged group observers will increase or decrease their politicized identification depending on the role advantaged group members have at a protest (i.e., supportive vs. leadership role). Studies 2A– 2B revealed that when advantaged group members had a supportive role, disadvantaged and advantaged group observers increased their politicized identification, but this effect was absent when they had a leadership role. Moreover, including advantaged group members in a protest increased the belief that solidarity is a normative behavior and the expectations that a protest will be peaceful among observers. Implications for research on allyship are discussed. "In the


This paper describes work performed for the Connecticut Department of Transportation (ConnDOT) to automate the evaluation of pavement distress images. A new image processing algorithm using iterative clipping combined with logistic regression modeling is proposed. In 1983, the ConnDOT began developing a comprehensive pavement management system for state-maintained highways. The basis for the pavement rating system is ConnDOT's photologging system in which a series of photographs of the pavement surface is stored on laser videodiscs and later used to assign pavement condition scores for maintenance. Many researchers have proposed image processing algorithms to process images of pavement surfaces. The two most commonly used methods are regression based statistical techniques and gradient based techniques. However, these methods are generally not viable for the ConnDOT images due to excessive noise caused by features such as shadows and lane markings. In this paper, we present an image processing algorithm for isolating distress features in the presence of excessive background noise. In our approach, an iterative clipping algorithm is used to obtain an accurate and consistently reliable map of the distress features. This algorithm also incorporates a logistic regression model to minimize problems with images that contain extreme and abrupt changes in contrast level.


This brief is focused on the closed-loop control of postprandial glucose levels of patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus after unannounced meals, which is still a major challenge toward a fully autonomous artificial pancreas. The main limitations are the delays introduced by the subcutaneous insulin pharmacokinetics and the glucose sensor, which typically leads to insulin overdelivery. Current solutions reported in the literature typically resort to meal announcement, which requires patient intervention. In this brief, a disturbance observer (DOB) is used to estimate the effect of unannounced meals, and the insulin pharmacokinetics is taken into account by means of a feedforward compensator. The proposed strategy is validated in silico with the UVa/Padova metabolic simulator. It is demonstrated how the DOB successfully estimates and counteracts not only the effect of meals but also the sudden drops in the glucose levels that may lead to hypoglycemia. For unannounced meals, results show a median time-in-range of 80% in a 30-day scenario with high carbohydrate content and large intrasubject variability. Optionally, users may decide to announce meals. In this case, considering severe bolus mismatch due to carbohydrate counting errors, the median time-in-range is increased up to 88%. In every case, hypoglycemia is avoided.


PURPOSE: To obtain a salt of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid with an aminoalcohol, having antithrombotic action and thrombolytic action and a pharmaceutical composition containing the salt. CONSTITUTION: This salt of a 20-22C omega-3 polyunsaturated acid with an aminoalcohol is represented by the formula R-COO - R'R" 2 N + -(CH 2 ) n -OH {R is a 20-22C omega-3 polyunsaturated alkenyl group; R' is hydrogen atom or 1-2C alkyl group; R" is R' as above defined or a (CH 2 ) n -OH hydroxyalkyl group [(n) is 2 or 3]}. COPYRIGHT: (C)1996,JPO


Sao Paulo state's vitiviniculture ranks second in Brazil, being characterized by the production of table grapes and wines derived from American and hybrid varieties. Despite its economic, social, and environmental benefits, the state's vitiviniculture has witnessed an increasing dependence on grapes produced in other states over the last decade. Besides adding to the cost of producing wine in Sao Paulo, grape imports from the state of Rio Grande do Sul compromises not only product quality, but also the process of creating an identity for the product. To give a new impetus to the production of grapes and wines in Sao Paulo, the State of Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) developed a project called "Revitalizing Sao Paulo's Vitivinicultural Chain," a joint effort by the state's Agriculture and Supply Secretariat, Federation of Industries, municipal governments, and main unions and cooperatives of the industry. Data about vitiviniculture was gathered from specific questionnaires given to grape growers and wine producers in the municipalities of Jarinu, Jundiai, Sao Miguel Arcanjo, and Sao Roque. This information enabled the creation of an original database for the state's sector. The analyses of Sao Paulo's vitivinicultural chain conducted through this project allowed us to address policy issues focused on reinforcing special product attributes related to specific territorial resources. This process resulted from the valorization of the characteristic cultural diversity of the state, including the social values constructed by people of Italian, Japanese, and Portuguese heritage over the course of the region's history. From this perspective, the project proposed differentiation strategies based on specific territorial resources, primarily typical grape varieties such as the Niagara and the IAC 138-22 "Maximo." Thus, the strategies aimed at building an identity for the state's wines include recovering the traditional cultural attributes of Sao Paulo's vitiviniculture and developing the production of the local wine grape varieties.


The European Community (EC) seems headed toward monetary union, either with "permanently" fixed exchange rates or with a common currency. Ceteris paribus, the breakup of the Soviet empire in Eastern Europe makes monetary union less desirable. One can expect further shocks from the East. Analyzing stock markets' reactions to events in the East from late 1988 to early 1990 shows that these shocks typically differentially affect EC members, particularly Germany. These differential shocks often call for adjustments in relative national price levels, which can be accomplished most easily with exchange-rate adjustments. The likelihood of such pressures reduces the credibility of a system of pegged rates and makes the system more vulnerable to speculative runs. A common currency is more credible by its nature but may give an inflationary bias to the European Monetary Union. Copyright 1991 Western Economic Association International.


PM304 coating comprised of 60% Ni80Cr20 and self-lubricating additives of 20% Cr2O3, 10% Ag and 10% BaF2/CaF2 eutectic has been prepared by high-energy ball milling and powder metallurgy. Experimental results showed that the sizes of Cr2O3 and BaF2/CaF2 in PM304 coating sintered at 1100℃for 2 h are about 100 nm and 1μm, respectively, and that of Ag particles is below 5μm, the relative density of the coating is 94%, and the mean tensile strength is 47 MPa, 33% greater than that of PS304 coating prepared by plasma spraying. The mean thermal expansion coefficient of PM304 is about 12.6×10-6℃in the temperature range of 200-800℃. The friction coefficient of PM304 coating is lower than that of PS304 coating at temperatures from 20 to 650℃.


Guizhou is typical karst plateau, about 1.3×10~(4 )km~2 which has been changed into rock-desert, with an area of 73% of its hand. The fragility of agro-ecological environment is the result of co-impact by human activities and natural proceed. The (vicious) circle among the increase of population, poverty and environment degradation (PPE circle) is a serious problem in Guizhou's karst mountainous areas which restrict the sustainable development of regional economy. Therefore, comprehensively tackling the fragile environment, reconverting reasonable ecological environment and matching the necessary social measures are the only way to get rid of poverty. The paper discusses the case study of Shapo village, Shuicheng county, analyses the conditions of agricultural (production) and characters of main natural resources that include soil, water, vegetation in karst mountainous areas. Finally the paper stated fundamental models, the effective way and measure of agroforestry ecosystem rehabilitation in west karst mountainous areas of Guizhou.


. In order to reduce digestive degradation of vaccines against vibriosis when administered orally to fish, two methods of protecting the antigens were tested. Lyophilized vaccine was either incorporated into a slow-release pellet or coated by an acid-resistant film. These vaccines were compared to both oral vaccination by an unprotected vaccine as well as to standard vaccination methods of immersion and injection. However, mortalities after an artificial challenge showed that the efficacy of the protected vaccines was lower than that of the unprotected vaccine given orally and the standard vaccination procedures. The reason for this is probably that the important antigens of vibriosis vaccines are lipopolysaccharides which are little affected by gastric digestion, and the coating of the vaccine or incorporation into slow-release pellets resulted only in reduced absorption of the antigens.


The present experimental study adds to the emerging line of psycholegal research focusing on true and false intentions. It is the first to examine mock suspects' (N = 120) counter-interrogation strategies in investigative interviews in which they anticipate questions on their intentions. As planning is an inherent part of many intentions, mock suspects were, in addition to questions on their intentions, asked a set of questions that pertained to the planning phase in which they formed their intentions. Besides ratings of the anticipation and difficulty of the questions, participants were asked to provide their principal strategy for being perceived as truthful. Both truth tellers and liars perceived the questions on the planning phase as significantly more unanticipated than the questions on their intentions. Furthermore, liars perceived the questions on the planning phase as more difficult to answer than did truth tellers. Liars and truth tellers differed with respect to their principal strategy employed for being perceived as truthful. Liars' most commonly used strategy was to stick to the cover story, whereas truth tellers' most common strategy was to be honest. The results are discussed in relation to the unanticipated questions approach and psychological concepts such as the illusion of transparency. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


The present invention provides a dual media storage device. Two separate non-volatile mass storage device into a single system, wherein the two separate non-volatile mass storage device and the other one has a faster access time, compared and lower capacity. Depending on various conditions (which may include a mass storage device is unavailable or for a particular cache scheme), the memory controller may be introduced into the data stream in one device or another device.