In future wireless communication networks, seamless handoff either by vertical or horizontal is an important issue in radio resource management. For a vertical handoff (VHO), each candidate network is evaluated as a function of multiple attributes such as available bandwidth, delay, data rate, and cost, etc. However, the variations of these parameters and distributed VHO decisions might cause the instability of VHO decisions, which is inefficient in utilizing network resources due to frequent handoffs. In this letter, we propose a service history-based VHO algorithm to reduce unnecessary handoffs and call dropping probability in addition to QoS parameter considerations. Simulation results show that the proposed VHO algorithm outperforms existing algorithms.


Aim: This study aimed to describe the clinical characteristics, survival outcome, and its correlation with biochemical parameters in coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19)-infected patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). Materials and Methods: A prospective observational study was on hospitalized patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection from September 1, 2020 to October 31, 2020. Data related to demographics, baseline history of comorbid conditions, dialysis-specific data, details on hospital admissions, COVID-19 treatment regimen, laboratory investigations, computed tomography (CT) severity score, COVID-19 Reporting and Data System score, and clinical outcomes (improved/death), duration of hospital stay, oxygen/vasopressor support were collected. Results: A total of 216 ESKD patients with COVID-19 infection were included in this study. The median age was 48.0 years (74.5% men, 25.5% women). Severe acute respiratory infection (44.7%), hypertension (28.2%), and type 2 diabetes mellitus (22.4%) were the most common comorbidities. Elevated levels of serum creatinine (9.3 mg/dL) and blood urea nitrogen (84.8 mg/dL) were observed in the patients with COVID-19 infection. The change in mean levels of serum creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate from baseline to post-treatment was significant (0.9 [95% CI: 0.7, 1.1; P < 0.001] and 3.4 [95% CI: 3.2, 3.6; P < 0.001], respectively). Approximately, 79.6% (n = 172) of patients improved post-treatment. Serum creatinine (1.786, 95% CI: 1.031, 3.095; 0.039) and ferritin levels (51.959, 95% CI: 7.901, 341.685; P < 0.001) remained significantly and independently associated with survival. The median time to clinical survival was 17.0 days. Conclusion: Serum creatinine and ferritin levels were independently associated with survival.


Plug-in hybrid electric vehicle is one kind of competitive alternatives to Internal Combustion Engine (ICE)-powered vehicles for the aim of reducing emission. This paper hybridizes an ICE-powered truck into a plug-in hybrid electric truck. The backward model of the thermal truck is established and validated referring to VECTO (Vehicle Energy Consumption calculation TOol). The truck is hybridized with an electrical machine mounted on the input of the transmission based on the validated truck model. Finally, the hybridization rate and the battery capacity are optimized by analyzing the total cost of ownership. The study shows that up to 10% of the cost could be saved if there is no battery replacement. Moreover, the plug-in hybrid electric truck would not be more expensive than the ICE-powered truck even with one time of battery replacement with a battery of 40Ah. Meanwhile, 35% of carbon dioxide can be reduced by a hybridization of 50%.


Non-governmental colleges have provided various professionals for China's development,but the colleges have certain problems to be solved,especially the unsound constitution of their faculties,which results from the insufficient conditions of the new-born colleges themselves,the weak points of the faculties themselves and other external elements.Therefore,it is quite necessary to reform the constitution of the faculties in non-governmental colleges.This paper provides the suggestion that the authoritative organs of the government should grant related policy support to the colleges and that the colleges should try their best to keep on improving the whole quality of their faculties by increasing their enthusiasm in work,strengthening the entrance and on-job training of full-time faculties and managing well both the full-time and part-time teachers.


Some main views of the Bundesnetzagentur The Bundesnetzagentur wants grid functions to be separated from market functions. Therefore the "Smart Market" is introduced as a necessary complement to the smart grid. Grid reinforcements should be economically (volkswirtschaftlich) justified. Bottlenecks in the grids cannot be avoided. A main purpose of smart grid functions is a reduction of the need for grid investments. Germany has about 850 grid operators. The transition into smart grids will be an evolutionary process over some decades. The wind power integration will require infrastructure changes including new market, communication and data arrangements. The Bundesnetzagentur does not support the assignment of the responsibility for the new infrastructure exclusively to the grid operators. The Bundesnetzagentur is against the use of variable grid tariffs in the congestion management. This position seems to exclude the use of nodal pricing and price areas in Germany. The Bundesnetzagentur does not find an all-embracing installation of smart meters necessary. Smart meters may be needed for market functions. Therefore they should not be financed exclusively by the grid operators.


ABSTRACTResearch studies employing major theories of behavior change, such as the Health Belief Model, Rogers' Model of Diffusion of Innovation, and other theories, have added to our understanding of the relationship of knowledge and attitudes to food-related behavior. Unfortunately, many of the studies that employed these models have used small, local samples, limiting the generalizability of their findings. The new Diet and Health Knowledge Survey (DHKS), conducted by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, provides nationally-collected data on knowledge and attitudes concerning diet and health. Linked to dietary data collected from those individuals as a part of USDA's Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals, the DHKS data can be used to examine relationships between knowledge, attitudes, and food-related behavior, as postulated by behavior change theories, in a large, diverse, national sample of individuals. This article describes the DHKS, discusses its strengths and limitations as a data source...


Thesis political risk in Finland will explain the real nature of the financial crisis in Finland in the beginning of 1990's. Before 1990's Finland used to be a closed and controlled market. The lib ...


INTRODUCTION
The activation of PI-3 kinase/AKT/PKB signal transduction pathway has implicated in the cell growth regulation and proliferation.

AIM
To determine a role of PI-3 kinase/AKT/PKB signal transduction pathway in the kidney of Angiotensin II-induced hypertensive rats.

METHODS
NZW (New Zealand White) rats have been infused by Angiotensin II using osmotic minipump for six days (n = 8). Control group was untreated rats (n = 6). PI-3 inase and AKT/PKB activities were measured in the presence or absence of different inhibitors.

RESULTS
Angiotensin II elevated mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) to 182 +/- 2 mm Hg (p < 0.001) vs untreated control rats (95 +/- 3 mm Hg). Ras-GTPase and PI-3 Kinase activities were elevated in angiotensin II-treated group. Ras inhibitors FPT III and BMS/191563 attenuated MABP to 122 +/- 2 and 127 +/- 4 mm Hg (p < 0.05) and abolished Ras-GTPase and PI-3 Kinase activities. AKT/PKB activity followed the PI-3 kinase activity.

CONCLUSION
PI-3 kinase/AKT/PKB signal transduction pathway in the kidney is activated and mediates Angiotesin II-induced hypertension.


Conditions of deposition of cadmium from cadmium perchlorate solutions on copper electrodes, leading to the appearance of granular deposit (boulders), have been investigated. It was found that this type of deposit appears in a limited pH range only (pH 3 to 6) in which colloidal cadmium hydroxide is found to appear. The probability of appearance of granules is different at different crystal planes of the copper substrate. The rate of growth of the granules has been determined microscopically. It was found that the size of the granules increases proportionally to the square root of time. This indicates that the rate of growth is controlled by the spherical diffusion of depositing ions from the bulk of solution.


Tmnsnafional terrorism poses a seriou
and prolonged threat to Smgapore
national security. Because of the strong
stand we have taken against terrorism in
Singapore and in the region, and because
of the part we have played in the global
effort against terrorism, Singapore will
remain a prime target for terrorists.


We have developed and tested some prototype ideas, components, and systems for monitoring the relative planar orientations, spacings between, transverse positions and rotations of the multi Muon supermodule layers in a given SDC Muon chamber projective tower. These are described and parameterized from measurements. Their resolutions are given, and long term stabilities have been determined.


Since qualifying its first inspection technique in 2004, ZETEC has continuously worked with the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) to push back the limits of challenging applications. Using lessons learned from years of field experience, we have now qualified an improved solution for encoded phased array UT examination of DM piping welds, using either the ZIRCON ® , our latest portable PA UT system, or the powerful DYNARAY ® instrument. Controlled by the industry-leading UltraVision ® 3 software, ZETEC's state-of-the-art instruments allow for better focusing, improved data quality and increased inspection efficiency. The procedure for encoded, phased array ultrasonic testing (UT) covers flaw detection, length and through-wall sizing in dissimilar metal piping welds from the outside surface. The applied inspection techniques are based on 1.5 MHz 2D matrix array probes. The scope of the procedure ranges from small diameter nozzles up to the heavy-wall safe-end to nozzle welds that connect steam generators to the main coolant piping. The paper will present results obtained on various PDI practice specimens. The performance of the phased array methodology in terms of detection and sizing shall be clearly illustrated. The importance of versatile and powerful software to improve the efficiency of the data analysis process shall be addressed, and various advanced software tools for flaw discrimination, sizing and reporting shall be discussed.


AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
To explore the essence of the illness experiences of middle-aged men with oral cancer.

BACKGROUND
Having oral cancer creates great challenges in the lives of middle-aged men and their families. Understanding patients' experiences provides a sound basis for patient-centred and individualised care. Research is limited regarding the illness experience of middle-aged men with oral cancer with regard to facing both the invasion of disease and the responsibilities of middle age.

DESIGN
A phenomenology approach was used.

METHODS
Nine men diagnosed with oral cancer within one year were recruited during 2009 and 2010. Data were collected through individual in-depth interviews and analysed using Colaizzi's phenomenological analysis procedures.

RESULTS
The following five themes emerged from the patterns of categorised interview data: the psychological journey in facing oral cancer, the question of how patients can control their disease as well as the sequelae of cancer treatment, the continuous disturbance and turmoil resulting from the disease, the appreciation of the support from family and friends, and the ability to learn to actively face the future.

CONCLUSIONS
Patients with oral cancer experienced tremendous physical, psychosocial and financial challenges. Although burdened with multiple stressors, these middle-aged men were able to learn from their experiences and exhibit positive growth in life.

RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE
Patients with oral cancer have to constantly adjust to the impact of their disease. The study results may serve as a reference for improving clinical practice and the quality of care among patients with oral cancer. Cancer care is multidimensional and holistic. Healthcare professionals should develop a set of plans by which patients receive complete medical care and support, as well as assistance from professionals and family members, as their treatment progresses to help patients face the challenges of cancer.


Blowing up a point p in a manifold M builds a new manifold M' in which p is replaced by the projectivization of the tangent space of M at p. This well-known operation also applies to fixed points of diffeomorphisms, yielding continuous homomorphisms between automorphism groups of M and M'. The construction for maps involves a loss of regularity and is not unique at the lowest order of differentiability. Fixed point sets and other aspects of blownup dynamics at the singular locus are described in terms of derivative data; continuous data are not sufficient to determine much about these issues.


Each Vehicle is an assembly of almost 40 to 45 sub-systems like brakes, steering, seating, powertrain, exhaust, etc. When all these aggregates or sub-systems are sandwiched in to a Monocoque body shell (BIW) it forms a vehicle. Different type of vehicle is designed for different applications, Cars designed for Comfort & Safety whereas, commercial vehicles are designed for Load carrying capacities & durability. Vans are designed for all of these aspects and treated as MUV (Multi utility vehicles). Each vehicle with their own set of aggregates behaves differently to the driver's command. Vehicle (Vans in our case) reverts the reactions to drivers as per their design sophistication. Such a reactions subject the drivers physically & mentally. There are almost 2250 critical parameters, which need to be evaluated for each van class vehicle. All these vehicle parameters categorized into effort related parameters, Ambiance related parameters (Noise, Visionary field), Road induced vibration related parameters, Ergonomic parameters & Government regulations. Van design parameters must be within the limit, in order to ensure Driver's stresses & ultimately Driver's fatigue within the limits. As per the Company market survey Van class drivers are subjected to rough roads & higher speeds for Ambulance kind of application, whereas intermittent city people pickup for mini bus type of applications. Driver's Physical fatigue is the transient inability of a muscle to maintain optimal physical performance. This project is an attempt to evaluate most critical Van parameters, which directly affect the Driver's Physical & Psychological Fatigue. Keywords-Van, Fatigue, Steering Ratio, Driver's Field of Vision, Interior Noise, Engine mounts stiffness, Ground angles.


This paper is focused on a study of the interfacial tension between selected oxide and metal phases. The experimental research on the interfacial tension was performed in a horizontal resistive graphite Tamman furnace using an original method of measuring. This method consists of fixing both liquid phases in a horizontal position using a mandrel made of tungsten wire in a corundum cover. In this work the influence of the carbon content in the steel on the interfacial tension was studied. For this purpose a steel with 0.411 % of mass fraction of carbon and a steel with 2.64 % of carbon were used. Because of the wide variety of oxide systems used in industry, a characteristic system of casting powder was chosen for this study. This system contains dominant components, i.e., SiO2, CaO, Al2O3 and MgO, as well as a range of attendant mixtures, e.g., Fe2O3, TiO2 and Na2O. Simultaneously, the influence of SiO2 on the temperature dependence of the interfacial tension was observed. For this reason a concentration series with gradual additions of SiO2 was created. It was found that an increasing content of carbon in the steel significantly decreases the interfacial tension between the oxide system and the steel. The interfacial tension was found to decrease slightly with an increase in the content of SiO2 in the oxide system.


1. Taylor CB. Panic disorder. BMJ 2006;332:951‐5. 2. Locke AB, Kirst N, Shultz CG. Diagnosis and management of generalized anxiety disorder and panic disorder in adults. Am Fam Physician 2015;91:617‐24. 3. Ransing RS, Patil B, Grigo O. Mean platelet volume and platelet distribution width level in patients with panic disorder. J Neurosci Rural Pract 2017;8:174‐8. 4. Asoglu M, Aslan M, Imre O, Kivrak Y, Akil O, Savik E, et al. Mean platelet volume and red cell distribution width levels in initial evaluation of panic disorder. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2016;12:2435‐8. 5. Jablonski M, Mazur JK, Tarnowski M, Dolegowska B, Pedziwiatr D, Kubis E, et al. Mobilization of peripheral blood stem cells and changes in the concentration of plasma factors influencing their movement in patients with panic disorder. Stem Cell Rev 2016. DOI 10.1007/s12015‐016‐9700‐6. [Epub ahead of print]. 6. Gul IG, Cumurcu BE, Karlidag R, Turkoz Y. Ghrelin and lipid levels in panic disorder before and after treatment and their relationship with agoraphobia. Psychiatr Danub 2015;27:250‐8. 7. Gottschalk MG, Cooper JD, Chan MK, Bot M, Penninx BW, Bahn S. Serum biomarkers predictive of depressive episodes in panic disorder. J Psychiatr Res 2016;73:53‐62. 8. Koudouovoh‐Tripp P, Sperner‐Unterweger B. Influence of mental stress on platelet bioactivity. World J Psychiatry 2012;2:134‐47. 9. Boksa P. A way forward for research on biomarkers for psychiatric disorders. J Psychiatry Neurosci 2013;38:75‐7. Panic disorder, a type of anxiety disorder is characterized by recurrent, unexpected panic attacks that are not related to a particular situation. It is a common and debilitating psychiatric condition, which may or may not be associated with agoraphobia and other anxiety disorders.[1] Panic disorder is often confused with medical emergencies such as angina, myocardial infarction, and asthma, in emergency settings. The diagnosis of panic disorder primarily relies on clinical history, as currently there is limited or no role of genetic, laboratory tests, and imaging in diagnosing panic disorder.[2]


The software developed for the analysis of data from the Cloud Absorption Radiometer (CAR) is discussed. The CAR is a multichannel radiometer designed to measure the radiation field in the middle of an optically thick cloud (the diffusion domain). It can also measure the surface albedo and escape function. The instrument currently flies on a C-131A aircraft operated by the University of Washington. Most of this data was collected during the First International satellite cloud climatology project Regional Experiment (FIRE) Marine Stratocumulus Intensive Field Observation program off San Diego during July 1987. Earlier flights of the CAR have also been studied.


Article about problems of Institutionalization of the payment environment of e-commerce. The author analyzes tendencies of development of payment institutes and prospect of creation of the International financial Centre in Russia on the basis of primary development of e-commerce in spheres B2C and C2C. The author proves, that in the conditions of globalization of the consumer markets the analysis of a role and a place of transboundary private payments in structure of National payment system of the Russian Federation become especially current.


This study examined the role of relative age on leadership behaviors among male house league ice hockey players. Athletes completed an online survey that solicited their birthdate along with their responses to the leadership scale for sport. As expected, the results of our analyses revealed no relative age effects. Captains scored significantly higher on the training and instruction, democratic behavior and social support dimensions of the leadership scale for sport. While there were significant multivariate differences between birth quartile and the dimensions of leadership, a relative weight analysis revealed that quartile of birth did not differ significantly on any of these dimensions. Thus, male house league hockey players are not (dis)advantaged in terms of their leadership behaviors as a consequence of relative age.


Background  Recent studies have shown that patients with single vessel coronary artery disease (CAD) suffering from acute coronary syndromes (ACS) have increased coronary sinus (CS) blood temperature compared with the right atrium (RA). The aim of this study was to investigate whether there is a correlation between systemic inflammatory indexes and CS temperature and whether there is a difference in CS temperature between patients with single vs. multivessel disease.


tologic features except for epidermal disappearance in our patient. It is possible that the encapsulation was occurred as a result of the exaggerated border formation in atypical PNs. However, the real mechanism and frequency of the encapsulation in PNs are unknown now, and further reports are required. The ratio of Ki-67–positive cells in our case agrees with the previous report that atypical PNs have higher ratio of Ki-67– positive cells than that of typical PNs, but it is lower than that of MM. Alternatively, PNs have been classified into some types by their cell appearance.3 Our case might be classified into Spitz nevus-like forms, since the nodules were mainly consisted of large epithelioid cells. In summary, we report a case of CMN presenting with 2 subcutaneous encapsulated PNs. Although PNs are benign proliferations, they can be more than one and have asynchronous presentations; thus, long-term follow-up is recommended.


EDITOR,--In December 1993 all 25 anaesthetic registrars and senior house officers at Glasgow Royal Infirmary answered a questionnaire after working shifts compatible with the new deal for three months. The trainee department was fully staffed. Only two respondents wished to continue working such shifts, which were consequently rejected.

In November 1994 a similar questionnaire was sent to the 1725 members of the group of anaesthetists in training of the Association of Anaesthetists of Great Britain and Ireland. Altogether 758 (44%) responded. Only 73 were working partial or full shifts alone or in combination …


Fake news has caused sensation lately, and this term is the Collins Dictionary Word of the Year 2017. As the news are disseminated very fast in the era of social networks, an automated fact checking tool becomes a requirement. However, a fully automated tool that judges a claim to be true or false is always limited in functionality, accuracy and understandability. Thus, an alternative suggestion is to collaborate a number of analysis tools in one platform which help human fact checkers and normal users produce better judging based on many aspects. A stance detection tool is a first stage of an online challenge that aims to detect fake news. The goal is to determine the relative perspective of a news article towards its title. In this paper, we tackle the challenge of stance detection by utilizing traditional machine learning algorithms along with problem specific feature engineering. Our results show that these models outperform the best outcomes of the participating solutions which mainly use deep learning models.


Abstract Gender and agency are consistently equated with maleness in Indo‐European languages. It is argued that linguists must concern themselves with the cultural biases which underlie their grammatical conventions. The familiar Indo‐European categories are not "natural"; in any universal sense.


This report surveys time series methods that have been used and can be applied in predicting end-to-end delay of the Internet. ARIMA scheme and state-space approach are discussed and compared. Although state-space approach has the advantages in structure and computation, ARIMA modeling is still useful in identifying systems due to the complexity and uncertainty of the Internet. A practical example of using ARMA models to do prediction is given in the report. By converting the time series models (ARIMA or ARMAX) to state-space representation, linear prediction and control theory can be applied more directly. Furthermore, by regarding the network as a hybrid system, multiple-model approach, whose algorithms are mainly based on state-space representation and Kalman filtering, can be used to study the dynamics of the Internet.


India and Russia are successfully developing cooperation in the UN, G20 and BRICS. Our countries share common views on international issues of mutual interest and to national traditions and cultural heritage of peoples. Cooperation between Russia and India is developing in such priority areas as the military industry, machinery manufacturing, petrochemical, nuclear power. The peculiarity of Russian-Indian cooperation is an equal partnership and co-financing projects. However, in the future, Russia and India will raise the interstate dialogue to new heights.


The year 1981 marks an approximate decade of activity associated with the development of the nickel-hydrogen battery system primarily for replacement of the nickel-cadmium battery in space power systems. It is the purpose of this paper to briefly review and summarize the major events and milestones associated with this successful effort.


M e t h o d s Design: Randomized controlled trial (The Enoxaparin and Thrombolysis Reperfusion for Acute MI Treatment−Thrombolysis in MI [ExTRACT-TIMI] 25 study). Allocation: Concealed.* Blinding: Blinded (clinicians, patients, {data collectors, outcome assessors, and manuscript writers}†.* Follow-up period: 30 days. Setting: 674 centers in 48 countries. Patients: 20 506 patients ≥ 18 years of age (median age 60 y, 77% men, 87% white) who had ≥ 20 minutes of ischemic symptoms at rest within 6 hours before randomization, and ST-segment elevation ≥ 0.1 mV in 2 limb leads, or 0.2 mV in ≥ 2 contiguous precordial leads, or left bundle-branch block. Exclusion criteria included cardiogenic shock, contraindications to fibrinolysis, receipt of low-molecular-weight heparin in the previous 8 hours, and renal insufficiency. Intervention: Enoxaparin (n = 10 256) or UFH (n = 10 223). The enoxaparin group received placebo UFH plus intravenous (IV) enoxaparin bolus, 30 mg (omitted for patients ≥ 75 y) and 1.0 mg/kg subcutaneously every 12 hours for patients < 75 years; or 0.75 mg/kg every 12 hours for patients ≥ 75 years; or enoxaparin, 1.0 mg/kg per day for creatinine clearance < 30 mL/min, for 8 days or until discharge. The UFH group received placebo enoxaparin plus IV UFH bolus, 60 U/kg body weight, and 12 U/kg per hour infusion for ≥ 48 hours. All patients received fibrinolysis and aspirin. Outcomes: A composite endpoint of death or nonfatal MI at 30 days. Secondary outcomes included major bleeding and various composite endpoints. Patient follow-up: 99.9% (20 479 in the intention-to-treat analysis).


Light in the optical environment is not just coloured, but it is polarised. The visual system of many insect species is polarisation sensitive which allows them to use the polarisation pattern of skylight for navigation purposes. There is also increasing evidence that mayflies and other aquatic and semiaquatic insects are able to detect water bodies on the base of the water-reflected horizontally polarised light using it as an environmental cue to detect suitable habitats. In a pilot experiment we constructed and tested light trap pairs emitting unpolarised and horizontally linearly polarised light with the same intensity and spectrum to record potential polarisation-sensitive species from various insect orders. Aquatic insects are assumed to use horizontally polarised light for habitat detection. Thus, we expected that these species will be captured in significantly greater numbers by the trap emitting horizontally polarised light than by the trap emitting unpolarised light. Trappings were carried out at each night from April to October during 2001 and 2002 at two sites in Hungary. One of the trapping sites was at the edge of the flood basin of a river with some smaller ponds. The other trapping place situated in a protected sand dune area scattered with ephemeral alkali lakes. The same mayfly species were collected by the traps emitting polarised and unpolarised light. From the recorded five species four species were caught in greater numbers and more frequently by the trap emitting horizontally polarised light. Caenis horaria and Cloeon dipterum mayflies were attracted significantly stronger to the polarised trap, thus they are likely to use positive polarotaxis in habitat detection. Ephoron virgo and Caenis macrura also showed a tendency for polarotaxis, but they were represented with too low numbers of individuals in the samples to produce significant differences.


Objective: Previous findings of increased neurological abnormalities in schizophrenic patients and their non‐psychotic siblings raise the question of possible causes. The purpose of the present study was to examine the role of perinatal trauma in the aetiology of neurological abnormality.


This research was supported by the Division of Industrial Science and Technological Innovation of the National Science Foundation under grant #IS1-8304340.


Eloquence is an essential element to success in college students' job interviews in which five possible misunderstandings exist nowadays.College students should get rid of these misunderstandings and devote themselves to various aspects of eloquence training,including understanding the enemy and yourself,simulation training,cultivating good habits,increasing knowledge and drawing lessons from the past.Meanwhile,only after mastering the skills such as taking up the minor topic to avoid the major one,transforming passivity into initiative,innovative thinking,responding to the dilemma ambiguously and getting out of an awkward situation humorously can one stand out in the fierce job competition.


Many sugar industry programs, such as BSES's SmartCane program and the Reef Rescue ABCD Framework, promote progressive cane-growing practices. While the economic implications of transition towards progressive practices are starting to be understood, less is known about the environmental implications. Here, we use environmental life cycle assessment (LCA) to assess the eco-efficiency of different practice-change scenarios, across a range of impact categories - fossil energy input, greenhouse gas emissions (carbon footprint), water use, and water quality indicators. The recently developed CaneLCA Eco-efficiency Calculator was employed to compare progressive practices against conventional practices for Wet Tropics, Central and Southern regions, using published descriptions of practice change. The results show that many progressive practices, such as those currently described by the ABCD framework, can lead to improved environmental efficiency across all impact categories. However, others may come with some environmental trade-offs. This work provides a preliminary examination of the environmental implications of practice change. It also demonstrates how CaneLCA can be used to understand and manage such trade-offs so that practice change can optimised to maximise the benefits while minimising the trade-offs.


This paper examines mainstream U.S. media coverage of immigration during three periods: the Proposition 187 debate in California in 1994, the proposed guestworker program between the U.S. and Mexico in 2001, and after the September 11th attacks on the World Trade Center. Immigration is an extremely salient issue because of growing immigration flows, increasing economic integration between states and the violation of international human rights agreements as states deny basic rights to non-citizens. Immigrants are subject to abuses in the workplace and along the U.S-Mexico border, and post-911 have been indefinitely detained and denied legal rights. The media has a potentially powerful role in the immigration debate because it chooses how to cover the competing discourses that frame the issue. Immigration, during the mid-90s, was framed as an economic threat by public officials, while post-September 11th it has been predominantly framed as a national security issue. Meanwhile, activists have attempted to frame the treatment of immigrants as a human rights issue. I engage in a content analysis of L.A. Times newspaper articles to analyze the coverage of competing discourses during three periods and then correlate these findings with changes in immigration policy. How does the media portray the issue? How does this impact the public's understanding of immigration? Is there a correlation between changes in immigration policy and the dominant discourse portrayed in the media? Auli Harju University of Tampere, Finland Inspiring in theory, difficult in practice? Citizens' experiences of participation and public debate Citizen participation has gained much attention in the past few years in Finland. This results from policy reforms, which have taken place for instance in Finnish land use legislation. Changes have been positive: Local projects have been opened to residents, participation has been made possible with the help of new technology and of new practices of local administration. Citizens have been allowed to participate via the Internet as well as in organized face-to-face meetings with local municipalities. Participatory practices can be seen as a means of trying to activate citizens to get more interested in politics. Increased possibilities for participation have raised citizens' expectations on their ability to actually influence the local affairs. However, real effects of citizen participation have largely remained minor, which has led to distrust and other difficulties in the dialogue between civil servants and citizens. Adopting new means to the tradition of representative democracy in local administration has been problematic. This situation calls for new research approaches. In my paper I will explore the field of public discussion and citizen participation and also make more visible the problems and the obstacles built in the ways of local conversation. Other important focus is the role of the media in initiating and sustaining public discussion on locally important issues. I will also discuss to what extent participation actually produces empowerment among citizens. The research material consists of interviews made with citizens and active members of different types of NGOs. Citizens' voice is often ignored in the media, which relies more on the opinions of authorities. Also in projects using participatory methods citizens may be considered to be a means to achieve the legitimation for the actual goal not the ones defining that goal. Against this background it is interesting and important to illuminate the experiences that citizens themselves have of participation projects, the difficulties they have met trying to have an effect on the things that are important to them. Furthermore it is worthwhile to pay attention to their ideas of what kind of public dialogue should exist on these issues. Bethany Lynn Letalien The University of Texas at Austin Suellen Adams The University of Texas at Austin Interactivity and Democracy: Towards an Understanding of Political Participation in Digital and Virtual Spaces Democracy requires the participation of people from all walks of life. Many believe that electronic media -the Internet, the World Wide Web, all kinds of purportedly convergent media -are increasingly enabling such participation on the part of ordinary citizens, while others claim that newer media are simply falling into the old top-down patterns of the mass media (Norris, 2001). In this paper, the authors contend that underlying many of the arguments on both sides is the contradictory and ambiguous concept of interactivity. In the context of increasingly digital media and as convergence apparently remains just below the horizon, understanding what is meant by "interactive media" grows more critical. Likewise, it is necessary to consider how these media are conceptualized regarding the ways in which they enable and discourage different kinds of action. The relationship between interactive technologies and democracy, then, has as much to do with how we negotiate what this interactivity means as it does with enabling political participation via interactive or digital means. Furthermore, political actions and political life cross local and national boundaries. Not only have members of social movements that range in scope from the very local to the transnational been hailed as great users of the Internet, but also new social systems emerge in new places or spaces that are not as restricted by physical geography. Some of these new systems, such as massive multiplayer games, resemble "real life" political systems in significant ways. This paper takes a critical look at the concept of interactivity in digital media vis-`a-vis political participation in digital and virtual spaces, including these play spaces. Reference: Norris, Pippa. (2001). Digital divide: Civic engagement, information poverty, and the Internet worldwide. New York: Cambridge University Press Yow-jiun Wang University of Stirling, Scotland Democratising gay identities: A case study on Taiwanese discussion boards The research paper is based on one of the case studies in the presenter's doctoral project on collective identities. It looks into the contribution of discussion boards to the democratisation of gay identities in Taiwan. It highlights the parallel developments of gay activism and discussion-board culture since 1993-4 and enquires into the way in which the latter becomes the major resource for the former. Methodologically the paper triangulates the discursive approach to identity and Butler's formulation of performative identity while linking the project to sociolinguistic theories concerning speech acts. Accordingly the participations in discussion boards devoted to gay community are viewed as discursive practices via which the collective identities of community members are formulated, negotiated, and performed. The discussion boards are examined at three levels: firstly, as the sites of activism and tools for social mobilization; secondly, as discursive fields where discourses concerning homosexuality are articulated and contested; thirdly, as sites of linguistic performance through which the individuals carry out identifications. The emphasis is placed upon the building and decentring of discourses on homosexuality in discussion boards, as well as the process of interaction and negotiation between the community members. It is argued that the discussion boards do not only work as alternative media for the marginalized social groups, but in addition, their open, nonhierarchical and decentralised communicative mode has facilitated radically democratic discursive constructions. Due to this, a solid, homogeneous, and 'authentic' gay identity has not arisen with the growth of activism. Instead, the gay identities represented in online discourse are grass-rooted, allowing space for individual interpretation and contestation. Nevertheless, the discussions remain elitist due to the higher educational level of membership and thenceforth marginalize those who are not equally advantaged by the ICT. It suggest that the popular argument of empowerment among Internet researchers needs to taken with discretion and in this case may be better understood in relation to the discourse of digital divide. Mihaela Popescu The Annenberg School for Communication University of Pennsylvania Lemi Baruh The Annenberg School for Communication University of Pennsylvania Keeping it dirty: Defining and redefining obscenity in American judicial discourse The prohibition of obscenity is a practice widely enforced in the United States. Although interdictions against obscenity are not the province of a sole institution, nor do they always take the same form, they are especially consequential for the media when issued as a matter of law. A court's decision of whether or not something is "obscene" for legal purposes effectively filters what is allowed to pass as acceptable media content in the public sphere. The legal regulation of obscenity, to the extent to which it arguably represents a form of antidemocratic censorship, continues to be a site of wide-ranging political conflicts. At the core of judicial debates about obscenity are deep conceptual disagreements between legal adversaries such as state agencies, media agents and private groups, on what constitutes obscenity, as well as hidden assumptions about fairness, public morality and the role of the media. In a society that values free speech, the difficulty for judges themselves in defining obscenity illustrates the tensions involved in balancing social acceptability with fairness. A look at the legal definitions of obscenity developed over time suggests the image of a legal system in an uneasy balance with evolving standards of decency in the society at large. On the one hand, discursive institutional retention in legal discourse carries forward assumptions about social acceptability that may no longer be shared by s


This paper presents the development of and RF-MEMS relay for space applications. The integration of a large force electrostatic actuator has permitted dramatic improvement of the switch fabrication yield and reliability. The device does not suffer from well-known RF-MEMS issues such as drift in control voltage, temperature sensitivity. The device could be held in the down state for several days, at 70°C, without significant changes in the static characteristics and several devices have been successfully cycled up to 50 million cycles, with stable contact resistance.


In this research, three different time-varying mean-variance portfolio optimization (MVPO) problems are addressed using the zeroing neural network (ZNN) approach. The first two MVPO problems are defined as time-varying quadratic programming (TVQP) problems, while the third MVPO problem is defined as a time-varying nonlinear programming (TVNLP) problem. Then, utilizing real-world datasets, the time-varying MVPO problems are addressed by this alternative neural network (NN) solver and conventional MATLAB solvers, and their performances are compared in three various portfolio configurations. The results of the experiments show that the ZNN approach is a magnificent alternative to the conventional methods. To publicize and explore the findings of this study, a MATLAB repository has been established and is freely available on GitHub for any user who is interested.


Bamboo slips of Qin and Han dynasty are important ancient literature of phonology,Phonology study with silks and bamboo slips in these twenty years have gotten many harvests.And some new methods are used.


This paper studies methods for determining the major electrical loads that contribute to aggregate electric energy consumption for a household or similar unit. It provides an alternate formulation of a well studied general problem and a framework and prototype implementation to address it. The focus is on methods that do not require any instrumentation or data beyond hourly (or similar low frequency) records of aggregate energy consumption, as is often easily available from power utility companies due to the increasing prevalence of smart meters. As well, the focus is on pragmatic approaches that are likely to provide useful information for typical household electricity consumption in contrast to methods more suited to industrial environments. Another notable feature is that disaggregation is performed not centrally at the utility company or similar entity with data from a large number of households but instead in a distributed and independent manner at each household. This feature provides two key benefits: (1) It permits the injection of information known to a household but not (easily) by others in order to simplify the problem. (2) It provides better privacy protections for such data.


Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is considered as a potential technique to relieve the congestion due to concurrent access from massive devices in machine-to-machine (M2M) communication system. However, the cochannel interference caused by NOMA, and the energy budget of machine-type devices (MTDs), become the bottleneck to further improve the system performance. Given above issues, we formulate the joint user scheduling and energy management problem as a stochastic optimization problem. Specifically, the goal of the problem is to maximize the long-term average sum rate under the constraint of all MTDs' quality-of-service (QoS) requirements. For tractability, the stochastic problem is firstly transformed into two static subproblems based on Lyapunov optimization. Then, using successive convex approximation (SCA) method, we design an effective algorithm to deal with the joint user scheduling and power allocation subproblems, which is a mixed integer and non-convex programming (MINCP). Simulation results demonstrate that our proposed algorithm has a good performance in convergence and outperforms other schemes in terms of user satisfaction.


Artivism is a movement inclusive of art and activism that has flourished through the United States for decades. Multiple forms of artivism are responsible for initiating dialog amongst demographically distinct groups of people. The present study focuses on two community mural projects completed by justice related youth and adults in Florida and Washington states. Data analyzed entailed field observation notes, semi-structured interviews, and questionnaires from mural participants to address how artivism impacted their learning of social justice materials. The aim of this analysis was to identify the methodology of artivism, and how it was used to foster a deeper educational experience for youth and young adults. This research demonstrated how artivism has the ability to represent the multi-faceted nature of complex social issues not easily discussed in open dialog. Ultimately, this study revealed how the process of artivism transformed insight into scholastic knowledge when applied directly in criminal justice settings.


This paper presents a general approximation framework for the computation of optimal feedback controls in linear quadratic regulator problems for nonautonomous parabolic distributed parameter systems. This is done in the context of a theoretical framework using general evolution systems in infinite-dimensional Hilbert spaces. The authors discuss conditions for preservation under approximation of stabilizability and detectability hypotheses on the infinite-dimensional system. The special case of periodic systems is also treated.


Acute and chronic inflammation play critical role on various disease development including atherosclerosis and heart disease. Green tea polyphenols possess potent antioxidative properties and have been shown the beneficial effects on heart health. The present study was carried out to determine if polyphenols found in green tea (Polyphenon E, generously provided by Polyphenon E International Inc., New York, NY) reduce dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)‐induced inflammation via their antioxidant capacity in atherogenic diet (high fat, cholesterol and sugar)‐fed rats. Green tea diet lowered total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol and increased HDL‐cholesterol (P<0.01). Green tea diet group also increased serum antioxidant capacity (P<0.01) and decreased C‐reactive protein (CRP) inflammation marker by 50% (P<0.01). Interestingly, green tea diet‐fed rats had lower amount of epididymal body fat (P<0.01). The data suggest that green tea polyphenols may contribute to a decreased risk of cardiovascular disease and atherosclerosis by its antioxidant activity, improved blood lipid profile and reduced inflammation. Supported by SDSU UGP and SDSU NUTR 302L class.


Excerpt Localized or unusual depositions of fat are classified as lipomatosis to distinguish them from the ordinary form of obesity. There have been few articles concerning them because of their la...


The wind loading on most structural elements is made up of both an external and internal pressure. Internal pressures are also important for the design of naturally ventilated buildings. The internal pressure is the interaction between the external pressure propagating through the building envelope and any internal plant causing building pressurization. Although the external pressure field can be well defined through a series of wind tunnel tests, modeling complexities makes accurate prediction of the internal pressure difficult. For commercial testing for the determination of design cladding pressures, an internal pressure coefficient is generally assumed from wind loading standards. Several theories regarding the propagation of internal pressures through single and multiple dominant openings have been proposed for small and large flexible buildings (Harris (1990), Holmes, (1979), Liu & Saathoff (1981 ), Vickery (1986, 1994), Vickery & Bloxham (1992), Vickery & Georgiou (1991))...


Since 1995 the Commission has repeatedly reviewed the operation of directive 87/102/EEC for the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the member states concerning consumer credit. This was regarded to be necessary mainly for two reasons: firstly, even at the time of the enactment of the original directive its level of protection was lower than in most member states; secondly, the Commission repeatedly emphasised several changes, which had taken place in regard to the credit services sector in recent years. Whereas the previous directive was targeted at the two most common "products" at that time, namely hire purchase agreements and instalment credit and reflected the cash-based society of that time, the range of products presently offered is much more colourful.


Testing a fetus to determine its sex should be banned, and the marketing practices of manufacturers and private companies offering the tests should be more closely monitored, a report has recommended.1

The Nuffield Council on Bioethics' report on non-invasive prenatal screening (NIPT), a method of testing for genetic conditions by taking a blood sample from the mother at nine or 10 weeks of pregnancy, said that sex determination should not be offered unless it is being used to diagnose a medical condition. The tests are carried out by private sector providers, and some evidence shows that sex selective terminations do occur in the UK, the report said.

A consultation by the council found that many respondents thought that sex selection was "sexist and wrong." …


that respiratory failure is as cause of in Covid-19 but the mechanism of death in non-hypoxic patients remains incompletely understood.


The study was carried out to assess contamination and seasonal variations in bioavailable forms of trace metal (Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb, Ni, Zn, Mn) concentrations in bed sediment. Sediment samples were collected from five sampling points during dry and rainy seasons along Mada River, Nasarawa state, Nigeria. The samples were extracted using HCl/HNO3 (3:1v/v) and Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). Trace metal levels in the extracts were quantified using atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS). Enrichment factors (EF) and Geochemical index (IGeo) were also determined. Acid leachable metal concentrations in bed sediment were higher than the EDTA extractable trace metal levels during the rainy season. Sediments were enriched with Fe and Mn. Igeo index revealed class 0 – uncontaminated for the sediments during both seasons. Acid leachable Cu, Pb and Zn concentrations correlated positively and strongly for both periods of analysis; indicating same source and mechanism. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated significant differences (P<.05) between acid leachable and EDTA trace metal concentrations. Metal concentrations, though higher during the rainy season, were below the Consensus-Based Sediment Quality Guidelines (CBSQG), the threshold and probable effect concentrations. Original Research Article British Journal of Applied Science & Technology, 4(19): 2808-2820, 2014 2809 The moderately to strongly contaminated nature of surface sediment could be as a result of anthropogenic source of metals entering the coastal zone through river inputs. Further study on the impact of trace metal contents in bed sediment on the quality of the overlying water column of the river is recommended.


Dear Sir, E lectroconvulsive therapy (ECT) andmedication is a more efficacious treatment to reduce depression in the elderly than medication alone. Although the benefits of ECT in the geriatric population are established, the ophthalmological risks of ECT are less well researched. During ECT, there is an initial drop in intraocular pressure (IOP) after administration of propofol and a subsequent rise in IOP after administration of succinylcholine and seizure initiation. The literature regarding this topic is scare, but concludes that ECT in the setting of ophthalmologic pathologies or recent eye surgeries is safe. We present a case of a geriatric man with prior retinal detachment referred for ECT for treatment refractory depression. Mr. A is a 76-year-old man admitted to inpatient psychiatry for ECT by recommendation of his outpatient psychiatrist for treatment refractory depression. He has a history of thyroid cancer complicated by thyroid eye disease, subsequent retinal detachment repaired three times (15 years ago), andmajor neurocognitive disorder. He has a psychiatric history ofmajor depressive disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder. He is aVietnamwar veteran and recently retired. He has no previous psychiatric hospitalizations and was taking alprazolam 0.25 mg. In addition to his psychiatric medication, the patient was prescribed simvastatin, 40 mg,; levothyroxine, 75μg;vitaminD,3000units; andvitaminB12, 3000 μcg. Mr. A began seeing a psychiatrist 2 years before admission. He has poor insight into his depression. His wife reports that he has been increasingly withdrawn, watching TV all day, and not playing with his grandchildren, who typically bring him joy. According to his psychiatrist, his depression has hindered his daily function. His family reports his depression is at its worst. The patient believes he is overall "fine," with "50–50 mood: bored and down."His sleep has been poor, awakening at 3:00 AM. He has few hobbies, including exercise, which he has stopped. He mostly sits in his recliner and spends time with his wife, recently diagnosed with cancer. His appetite and energy are decreased. He references a decreased level of concentration while driving, saying that he misses turns and has to stop to think about where he was going. Onmental status examination, he is an elderly male, comfortably sitting in a chair, neatly dressed,well groomed, appearing stated agewith marked psychomotor slowing, and a soft voice. His is oriented to person and date with word finding difficulties, describing our location as a "processing center for the mind." He scores a 21 on the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D). He denies passive death wish, suicidal ideation, and homicidal ideation. He denies obsessions, compulsions, paranoia, delusions, visual or auditory hallucinations, depersonalization, and derealization. He denies alcohol and recreational drug use. He has a 60-pack year history, presently smoking 5 to 6 cigarettes daily. He endorses occasional flashbacks to Vietnam. On admission, his vitamin B12, folate, and thyroid-stimulating hormonewerewithin normal limits. Syphilis was nonreactive. His electrocardiogram was a normal sinus rhythm. His vision is at baseline because of his eye surgery 15 years ago. He wears glasses for myopia. His family reports his exophthalmos resolved after thyroid cancer treatment about 20 years ago. After obtaining medical and ophthalmology consultations, the patient underwent 8 right unilateral ECT treatments without adverse ophthalmologic outcomes and with remission of his depression. Although limited data are available, this case highlights that patients with psychiatric need for ECT should not be denied due to the risk of retinal detachment.


For driven and adjustment attitude shortcomings of the existing vascular robot, a jet-driven vascular robot is designed, consists of the upper and lower shell, micro-batteries, variable pump, radio control block, 12 suction nozzles, 24 2/2-way solenoid valves and operation mechanism. The propel force of jet-driven, pressure in elastic capsule, propulsive efficiency and other parameters of vascular robot are analyzed, the propulsive efficiency is 41.6% in initial calculation. The flow path control method of robot posture adjustment in vascular is obtained. CFD technology is used to analyze the flows with capsule contraction and expansion of variable pump and the external flow field characteristics of vascular robot under the moving mode and the posture adjustment. The results show that the contraction and expansion of the variable pump can jet and suck the fluid, to drive vascular robot go straight in blood vessel, in the same time, the pressure field and velocity field under condition of pitch and roll, is met to the movement trend of the robot correspondingly.


In the context of environmental pollution and energy resources in the growing tension, solar energy as a new type of green and renewable energy has been paid for more and more attention. The most attention focuses on photovoltaic. But the stability of PV (photovoltaic) system output is poor, the grid will seriously affect the power quality. To ensure the normal operation of photovoltaic power generation system, energy storage is indispensable. This paper studies the dispatchable grid-connected PV systems with energy storage system. Bi-directional DC / DC converter as the main control circuit, a practical control charging and discharging strategy is presented, and by simulation to verify. The results show that the proposed control method can effectively stabilize the PV system output power fluctuations and the DC bus voltage, meet the requirements of charging and discharging, and increased charge speed and prolong the service life of battery.


Tumor tracking and progression analysis using medical images is a crucial task for physicians to provide accurate and efficient treatment plans, and monitor treatment response. Tumor progression is tracked by manual measurement of tumor growth performed by radiologists. Several methods have been proposed to automate these measurements with segmentation, but many current algorithms are confounded by attached organs and vessels. To address this problem, we present a new generalized tumor propagation model considering time-series prior images and local anatomical features using a Hierarchical Hidden Markov model (HMM) for tumor tracking. First, we apply the multi-atlas segmentation technique to identify organs/sub-organs using pre-labeled atlases. Second, we apply a semi-automatic direct 3D segmentation method to label the initial boundary between the lesion and neighboring structures. Third, we detect vessels in the ROI surrounding the lesion. Finally, we apply the propagation model with the labeled organs and vessels to accurately segment and measure the target lesion. The algorithm has been designed in a general way to be applicable to various body parts and modalities. In this paper, we evaluate the proposed algorithm on lung and lung nodule segmentation and tracking. We report the algorithm's performance by comparing the longest diameter and nodule volumes using the FDA lung Phantom data and a clinical dataset.


513 Background: N1, HR+ EBC patients are routinely treated with both ET and chemotherapy (CT). Identification of N1 patients with good outcome who may be spared CT remains an elusive goal. In a combined analysis of 2 randomized trials, Prosigna (PAM50) risk of recurrence (ROR) score identified low risk N1 patients with outcome equivalent to N0 disease. We examined the ability of ROR to predict 10yr DR for patients with 1, 2 or 3+ nodes in a comprehensive nationwide cohort from Denmark to identify N1 women who may be spared overtreatment with CT. Methods: Using the population based DBCG database primary FFPE tumor blocks and follow-up data were collected from all Danish women diagnosed from 2000-2003 with HR+, postmenopausal, N1 EBC treated with ET alone (N = 1,480). PAM50 on the NanoString nCounter Analysis System categorized patients as Low, Intermediate, or High risk using pre-specified cutoffs varied by number of positive nodes. Multivariate analyses were performed to assess the ability of PAM50 to pre...


INTEREST in esophageal hiatal hernia has increased considerably since the classic publication of Allison, 1 who demonstrated a simple and effective method of curing the affection. However, problems in diagnosis of small hernias continue to be appreciable. By routine palpation of the esophageal hiatus at the time of abdominal exploration, we have discovered many hiatal hernias, in which we could insert up to two fingers to the distal interphalangeal joint, which we could not demonstrate subsequently by conventional radiological techniques. To perform an adequate radiological examination one must locate the position of both the hiatus and the esophagogastric junction. Several investigators 2-4 have demonstrated, by inserting metallic clips into the edge of the hiatus at the time of surgery, that ordinary roentgenological techniques are comparatively inaccurate in localizing the region even when bony structures are used for reference. It has been demonstrated 4 that the hiatus can be located accurately


A recurring theme in the work of Japanese writer Tawada Yōko is metamorphosis, intended first and foremost as body transformation, as the introduction in the story of an element of magic, and used to question the monolithic notion of identity in the global dimension of migrant citizenship. On the other hand linguistic metamorphosis - i.e. morphological, grammatical and syntactical hybridization between Japanese and German language - is another strategy frequently used by the writer to improve her textual expressive potential. This paper aims at presenting a brief analysis of the use of metamorphosis, both in its narrative and linguistic dimension, with reference to Tawada Yōko's Das Bad (1989), Opium fur Ovid ( 2000) and Abenteuer der Deutschen Grammatik ( 2010).


Through silicon vias (TSVs) have a significant impact on the area and timing performance of a 3D-SOC. Performance aware design partitioning is required to reduce delay by placing gates on critical paths close to each other on the same or adjacent dies in the 3D-SOC. Also, pre-bond test of dies in the 3D-SOC is required to insure correct functionality of the dies before bonding. Additional design for test (DFT) logic for pre-bond test also depends on the design partitions used. In this work we propose a hypergraph based multi-objective netlist partitioning scheme to improve timing performance of 3D-SOC while keeping additional DFT cost low. Accurate interconnect estimation models are incorporated during partitioning to reduce delay and interconnect length variations across dies. Results on ISCAS89 and ITC99 benchmark circuits demonstrate the improved timing performance and reduced DFT cost using the proposed approach.


The collateral source problem, that prickly game of three-cornered catch that occurs when an injured person has received compensation from a source independent of the injurer, remains one of the most troublesome in the modem law of damages. The focus of concern has been mainly the effect of the collateral source benefit on tort recovery, so much so that the collateral source problem is widely thought of as exclusively a tort problem. Indeed, in other areas it has led little more than a shadow existence. One of these other areas is contract claims, the subject of the present study. Largely neglected in the scholarly literature', the problem of the effect of collateral source payments on contract damages has evoked few responses that might give direction to a principled approach. This Article begins with a brief explanation of the collateral source rule and its justifications, and argues that the difference in the policies underlying contract and tort does not by itself justify a different application of the collateral source rule in the two areas. In an attempt to develop some guiding principles for contract, the Article proceeds to analyze the existing case law, asking whether the outcome did turn or should have turned on (1) the type of breach, whether willful, negligent or innocent; (2) the type of damage, whether personal injury, property damage, or economic loss; and (3) the type of benefit and availability of subrogation. What emerges from this investigation of the cases is that most often the choice before the court is not between conferring a windfall on either plaintiff or defendant but of determining which of two obli-


This paper presents part of the results of an ongoing laboratory study carried out to study on strength and durability characteristics of ternary concrete made with and without ternary mixtures of cement-fly ash- silica fume. In the present work an attempt has been made to study the strength properties of ternary concrete in compression, tension and flexure and also durability aspects of ternary blended concrete. In the investigation, M25 Grade concrete mix is designed with different percentages of cementitious materials (5%, 7.5%, 10% & 12.5%) and tests are conducted for compressive strength, split tensile strength and flexure strengths at 7, 28 and 56 days. Test results indicate that the replacement of cement by 10% had attained a maximum strength in M25 Grade concrete. The results obtained thus are encouraging for partial replacement.


Undergrowth,one important component of the forest ecosystem,plays an important role in maintaining the forest structure and soil quality.The effect of forest at different age on undergrowth has been well documented in a few previous studies.However,those studies,thosen aregarding forest age as time scale tended to neglect the interactions between tree population growth and its undergrowth,thus overlapping inevitably the heterogeneous response of the undergrowth to tree population itself.In this paper,we investigated plant composition,diversity,biomass and nutrient accumulation in the undergrowth of Pinus tabulaeformis forest using a time scale of development rhythm:the height rapid growth,diameter rapid growth,volume slow growth and volume rapid growth.Results showed that it was at the height rapid growth stage when the competition between Pinus tabulaeformis and its undergrowth was severest and abundance,diversity,biomass and nutrient accumulation in the undergrowth were lowest.Therefore,severe thinning should be proposed to be adopted at this stage to relieve the strong competition between them.The slightest competition between Pinus tabulaeformis and its undergrowth occurred at the diameter rapid growth stage,when the aboveground biomass and nutrient accumulation of both the shrub and herb layers reached the maximum and the Gleason,Shannon-wiener and Pielow indices of herb layer have increased from 7.817,2.222 and 0.769 at the height rapid growth stage to 19.978,3.470 and 0.907 at the diameter rapid growth stage,respectively.Accordingly,forest can be relatively extensively cultivated during this stage.When entered the volume stages,the competition between Pinus tabulaeformis and its undergrowth became daily intensive.The biomass of shrub and herb layer decreased from 2 262.61kg/hm2 and 461.92 kg/hm2 at the former stage to 1 549.85 kg/hm2and 220.84 kg/hm2 at the volume slow growth stage,respectively.While the Gleason and Shannon-wiener indices of the shrub layer increased to the maximum at the stage.Compared with volume slow growth,the diversity indices and nutrient accumulation of both shrub and herb layers were lower at the volume rapid growth stage.While the aboveground biomass in the shrub and herb layers was slightly enhanced further.Moderate thinning or cutting should be taken at the volume rapid growth stage.These results indicated that the development of undergrowth could be regarded as an indicator as growth rhythm of the arbor of pure plantations.And It is of reference values to select forest management ways according to the development of undergrowth.


T he overlap syndrome (OS) of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is common but often missed in clinical practice. Different clinical COPD phenotypes influence the likelihood of co-existing OSA with the predominant emphysema phenotype being protective whereas the predominant chronic bronchitis phenotype promotes the development of OSA. The management of OS differs from COPD alone, particularly the use of nocturnal positive airway pressure (PAP), and patients with OS not treated with PAP have a worse prognosis, which underlines the importance of correct diagnosis.


Lateral thinking is a latent power that requires only a change in mental attitude and is mostly described as a type of thinking that is unconventional. The nature of lateral thinking inspires marketers, mostly retailers, to use lateral techniques in order to find innovative marketing offerings, especially in the area of recreation of consumers' leisure times. Eatertainment, one of the lateral retail offerings, is the most popular idea in the Turkish Entertainment Sector. Eatertainment, which covers dining and entertaining needs at the same time with the same cost to the customer, fits consumers' desires for maximizing their utilities. The purpose of this chapter is to understand the eatertainment business and view previous innovative offerings to visualize the future strategies due to consumer trends. An in-depth interview is conducted with one of the important eatertainment retailers, which is supported by a situational analysis of the Turkish Eatertainment Sector.


The goal of an estimator is to approximate the unknown distribution of the language from its partial evidence. In this thesis, a rank consistent estimator is defined as an estimator that preserves the ranking frequencies of all the full parse trees in the treebank proved to be rank consistent with respect to the training treebank. The rank consistency property adopts Laplace's Principle of Insufficient Reason for statistical parsing: a rank consistent estimator assigns the same probability to all trees that occur the same number of times in the training data. This thesis presents the first non-trivial DOP estimator where the treebank is not only considered as a stochastic generating system but also a sample of the stochastic process. In this thesis, the existing DOP definitions of probability and derivation of full parse trees are generalized to subtrees. Fragments in the treebank's fragment corpus are assigned weights so that their probabilities are proportional to their relative frequencies. The estimator is proved to be rank consistent. The theoretical property of the model is substantiated by empirical results. The new estimator outperforms the DOP1 estimator on the OVIS corpus.


Using the strain gauge technique, the magnetostriction constants λS have been measured on sintered polycrystalline specimens of titanomagnetites with Fe2.4-δ Ti0.6 A𝓁δ O4 compositions (0.05 ≤ δ ≤ 0.20) in the temperature range between 25°C and Tc. The cell-edge, saturation magnetization, and Curie temperature decrease with increasing aluminium concentration. The room-temperature λS values are 95.7, 70.6, 52.9 and 25.2×10−6 for δ=0.05, 0.10, 0.15 and 0.20 respectively. A linear relationship is found between the magnetostriction constant and the aluminium content at room temperature. The constant λS(T) is proportional to approximately the third power of the saturation magnetization MS(T). The values of the index n in λS (T) ∼ MSn(T) are 2.72, 3.16, 3.35 and 3.60 for δ=0.05, 0.10, 0.15 and 0.2 respectively. This if the first reported measurement of λS(T) at elevated temperatures for A𝓁-substituted titanomagnetites. Such data are urgently needed in theoretical and experimental magnetic domain structure studies in rock magnetism.


Interprofessional education (IPE) is crucial for students in healthcare professional programs as they learn the roles and responsibilities of different professions within the healthcare system. However, most IPE studies focus on professional identity; very few focus on whether students are learning the professional roles of their own profession and colleagues'. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate whether first‐year allied health students could adequately identify the roles of occupational therapists (OT), physical therapists (PT), and physician assistants (PA) following an interprofessional anatomy course.


One kind of vortex spurting cleaning machine with hot vapor was introduced. It contains air compressor, storage water jar, injector, vortex tube, and so on. It used the thermal effect of vortex tube and the drawing effect of injector, the compressed air is separated into cold and hot air currents, drawing clean water with steam and forms the hot water vapor convenience at once washing the car. It is saving energy and water, being light in weight and reliable convenience.


The supercritical CO2 (SCO2) cycle has been extensively studied as the next power generation system because it has lots of advantages, compared to existing power generation systems. The advantage of the SCO2 power generation system is the moderate operating temperature which can be used in various heat sources. In addition, the system has the compact size, because the SCO2 cycle is operated above the critical point (31.1 C, 73.8 bar). Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI) has started to develop the SCO2 power generation system [1-3]. Various experimental and theoretical conditions with different main components have been analyzed for optimizing cycle operation techniques. Recently, KAERI has started a project which develops the SCO2 power generation system for waste heat recovery [4]. The target of turbine inlet temperature is around 450C. Figure 1 shows the P&ID of the SCO2 power generation system. The system consist of a simple-recuperated cycle. The first target of the project is to verify the performance of the SCO2 compressor. After the SCO2 compressor performance test, the power generation system will be installed. The present study shows the experimental setup for the SCO2 performance test facility.


Drift scanning images from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey`s 54 CCD camera are displayed on eight screens in real-time during data acquisition. This real-time visual feedback provides an observer the means to quickly check data acquisition and telescope operations. The hardware and software used to accomplish this display are presented.


The present invention provides a granulated agricultural composition in which the stability of an organophosphorus compound as an active ingredient is improved. The present invention relates to a granulated agricultural composition comprising an organophosphorus compound and calcined clay, relates to a process for producing the above granulated agricultural composition comprising an organophosphorus compound as an active ingredient, which comprises compounding calcined clay to improve stability of the active ingredient, and relates to a method for improving stability of an active ingredient comprised in a granulated agricultural composition, comprising compounding calcined clay, wherein the active ingredient is an organophosphorus compound.


This paper studies the performance of cache-enabled dense small cell networks consisting of multi- antenna sub-6 GHz and millimeter-wave base stations. We first derive the successful content delivery probability by accounting for the key channel features at sub-6 GHz and mmWave frequencies. In general, the optimal content placement is unknown when the base stations have multiple antennas. Then we propose a simple yet effective probabilistic content placement scheme to maximize the successful content delivery probability, which could balance caching both the most popular contents and achieving content diversity. Numerical results demonstrate that our proposed content placement scheme yields significantly better performance than only caching the most popular contents. The comparisons between the sub-6 GHz and millimeter-wave systems reveal an interesting tradeoff between caching capacity and base station density for the millimeter-wave system to achieve similar performance as the sub-6 GHz system.


Analytical results for oscillating flow in a channel indicate regions of high shear stress close to the wall along with the flow reversal in the central portion of the flow at certain frequencies of actuation. To obviate the large number of computational labor and complexity necessary for an accurate CFD model of the micropump, this work describes the formulation of a system model from macromodel extraction of CFD simulations for compressible and incompressible flows in a no-moving parts diffuser valve for actuation frequencies ranging from 100Hz to 1MHz. Based on the results from these CFD models and results reported in literature – system models were formulated for compressible and incompressible flow regimes for the micro-pump. The model was used to predict the optimum frequency of operation from the calculations for flow rate as a function of frequency of actuation of the diaghpragm.


The paper presents a simulation approach for mask proximity printing. The simulation steps include image formation in air and in photoresist, post-exposure bake, and chemical development and analysis of resist profiles. The intensity distribution in air and in resist in proximity distance from the mask is described by a fast frequency domain method that is based on scalar diffraction analysis. The accuracy and the performance of the method are compared with rigorous electromagnetic field computations that take mask topography effects and the finite conductivity of absorber materials into account. The computed intensity distributions inside the resist are coupled to an established standard simulation flow, which is also used in the simulation of projection printing. The resulting resist profiles can be evaluated in terms of linewidth, sidewalls, and other parameters. Finally, an application of the simulation procedure for the simulation of process windows and optimization of linewidth biasing is shown.


This book purports to be "about the relationship between history and politics" (p. 1), particularly how the historical origins of representative institutions have "determined" (p. 92) the contemporary problems with which they can best deal. Early on we discover that the "writing of history" is indistinguishable from "history" more generally. For anyone who (still) believes the distinction between "past events" and "accounts of past events" is an important one, this is worrisome. Building on previous work, Ankersmit argues that political representation and historical representation both require aesthetic interpretation. The historian must aesthetically interpret the past. The politician, similarly, must aesthetically interpret the values that she wants to pursue. Political representation emerges out of this process of interpretation. An aesthetic account of political representation is, of course, quite different than the predominant one in Anglo-American theory, offered by Hanna Pitkin over 30 years ago. The fact that Ankersmit does not engage Pitkin is a shame because of the stark difference in approach and the prominence of her account. Ankersmit's approach could possibly solve an unnoticed problem in Pitkin's argument: the concept of "political representation" that she presents is undifferentiated from the concept of "legitimate political representation." Thus the qualities that render a political representative "legitimate" are instead the conditions that, for Pitkin, define a case of political representation—inter alia authorization and accountability—and a substantive dimension of "acting for" the interests of her constituents. In cases where these qualities fail to obtain—say, where there are no structures of accountability—Pitkin rejects it as a case of representation at all (as she did in the case of Hobbes's sovereign). Yet we can identify political representatives in our own day who fail to meet any reasonable criteria of legitimacy: Saddam Hussein and Nikita Krushchev come to mind. By Pitkin's account we should not call them representatives at all. This, I believe, is a significant error. Ankersmit's account of political representation could solve the problem of legitimacy that emerged in Pitkin with an appeal to aesthetics: "To put it metaphorically, when a population unfolds itself into a group of people that is represented and another group of people representing the former one, legitimate political power wells up, so to speak, in the hollow between the two groups. Hence, the origin of all legitimate political power must be situated in the aesthetic gap between voter and representative (the state). This would justify, to begin with, the probably amazing and certainly unorthodox conclusion that in a representative democracy all legitimate political power is essentially aesthetic" (p. 118). If he were successful, Ankersmit would account for illegitimate political


The significance of catalytic conversion on Methane was summarized, the methods and mechanism of catalytic partial oxidation on Methane were elaborated, and the advance in catalyst application on Methane in the process of catalytic conversion was discussed and summarized.


The invention provides a pre-mix material for polypropylene foam, which comprises: using the polypropylene random copolymer of 100 weight shares with 3.5~6.5% content and 3.0~9.0 MWD and polypropylene of 5~10 weight shares with 1~4g/10min fusion index and 0.3~0.6N fused mass strength as base resin, and fusing with organic foamer. This product has well foam pore structure, even pore diameter, and high foaming ratio with 7~12 foaming multiplying power and 75~129Kg/m3 foam bulk weight, and has wide application.


Firstly,the proof of the density of set is given .By the lemma and the conditions which maps are continuous, a necessary and sufficient condition of a kind of the convexity of the sets is given .Thus the verification of the kind of convexity becomes the problem which is right or not and the verification of the kind of convexity is simplified.


We demonstrate an electrostatic trap for indirect excitons in a field-effect structure based on coupled GaAs quantum wells. Within the plane of a double quantum well indirect excitons are trapped at the perimeter of a SiO2 area sandwiched between the surface of the GaAs heterostructure and a semitransparent metallic top gate. The trapping mechanism is well explained by a combination of the quantum confined Stark effect and local field enhancement. We find the one-dimensional trapping potentials in the quantum well plane to be nearly harmonic with high spring constants exceeding 10 keV/cm^2.


The cover picture shows that improved titanium catalysts based on calixarene ligands can display high activity for the production of ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE). Both the coordination mode of the titanium and the conformation of the calixarene ligand have been found to be significant for the catalytic performance. Details are discussed in the article by M. Taoufik, I. Bonnamour et al. on p. 1349 ff.


The "Integrated Data Warehouse Architecture for Financial Institutes with Security Levels" is proposed data warehouse architecuture for overall Indian Finacial System [1][2][3][4][5]. The performance of architecture has been measure in SQL Server Management Studio by observing results[5]. The paper focus on the performance of architecture results and proved the executed queries have been given satisfactory performance. The performance of result is functionally correct because it behaves according to its stated functional specifications and gets the result according to our proposed expectation because it does not produce dangerous or costly failures [6]. It is used in a reasonable manner, that is, in a manner that a typical user expects is normal [7].


We prove the existence of a ground state positive solution to a Brezis-Nirenberg type critical semipositone $p$-Laplacian problem. The proof uses concentration compactness arguments and uniform $C^{1,\alpha}$ a priori estimates. Our result is new even in the semilinear case $p = 2$.


Let Z be a non-compact two-dimensional manifold obtained from a family of open strips R × (0, 1) with boundary intervals by gluing those strips along their boundary intervals. Every such strip has a foliation into parallel lines R× t, t ∈ (0, 1), and boundary intervals, whence we get a foliation ∆ on all of Z. Many types of foliations on surfaces with leaves homeomorphic to the real line have such "striped" structure. That fact was discovered by W. Kaplan (1940-41) for foliations on the plane R by level-set of pseudo-harmonic functions R → R without singularities. Previously, the first two authors studied the homotopy type of the group H(∆) of homeomorphisms of Z sending leaves of ∆ onto leaves, and shown that except for two cases the identity path component H0(∆) of H(∆) is contractible. The aim of the present paper is to show that the quotient H(∆)/H0(∆) can be identified with the group of automorphisms of a certain graph with additional structure encoding the "combinatorics" of gluing.


This paper presents descriptions of the calls and visual displays of the cardinal, Richmondena cardinalis, and suggests some motivational factors behind the displays. Of the several calls, some occur in highly specific situations as exemplified by the piping call of the male during courtship feeding. Others occur in more than one context, an example being the chitter call used in intense situations of agonism or alarm. In agonistic encounters, several calls of similar structure occur together.Among the displays the most interesting are those used in courtship, namely, song-flight, song-dance, lopsided, and courtship-feeding displays. All of them share components with non-display actions, but the motivations behind them appear to be complex.The displays of the cardinal are similar in some cases to those of other richmondenine finches and to those of birds in the related subfamilies Emberizinae and Carduelinae.


This study reports the effects of seed treatment with Cordyceps fumosorosea on seed germination, growth, colonization of eggplant (Solanum melongena), and growth of Bemisia tabaci (feeding on fungal colonized eggplant leaves). Germination rates of eggplant seeds were similar among different treatments. The growth parameters such as root length, shoot length, and number of leaves) differed significantly after 15, 30, and 60 days of seed treatment. The total dry weight of eggplant in response to treatment with C. fumosorosea isolates increased significantly when compared with the control. Both isolates of C. fumosorosea colonized different plant tissues, although the extent of colonization decreased during the experimental period. The colonization of eggplants by both C. fumosorosea isolates resulted in a significant reduction of B. tabaci incidence. This study possibly provides the first report of increased plant growth and increased insect mortality in eggplants inoculated with C. fumosorosea isolates.


During the corrugated tube heat exchanger design process,corrugated tube is usually treated as straight tube with same size, and tubesheet intensity analysis is performed by the method given in GB 151—1999(Tubular heat exchangers).However,the tube-bundles of corrugated tube heat exchangers are different from those of common heat exchanger,since the stiffness of common straight tubes are much higher than those of corresponding corrugated tubes,thus their supports to the tubesheet are different from each other.Since the axial stiffness of corrugated tubes are much lower than those of corresponding straight tubes,so the calculation method mentioned above brought obvious uncertainty to the result.In this paper,the method of change the corrugated tube to a dummy straight tube was obtained.The geometry parameter of the dummy straight tube can be input to the design and calculation software of process equipment(SW6-1998) for the calculation of the tubesheet intensity.A suit of engineering calculation method of tubesheet intensity in corrugated tube heat exchanger was well founded.


Up to now the limits of eligibility of extreme necessity were not the subject of independent research. The problems of definition of the time limits of p eligibility are considered in this article based on the scientific and monographic literature analysis. Relevance of the considered matter is defined by the fact that the correct establishment of time limits of eligibility of act is of great importance in the law enforcement activity in order to establish the non-delinquency of act in state of extreme necessity. The purpose of this research is the analysis of definition of time limits of extreme necessity eligibility and drawing proposals on this basis for improvement of legislative regulations and existing laws enforcement efficiency with regards to extreme necessity. Research methods: dialectic, formal-logical, system. The author empha-sizes the eligibility limits of admissible harm and the temporary limits. When determining the time limits the author emphasizes the following criteria: the value of danger, intensity of actions, and also identifies an "initial" and "final" moments in the defense of legally protected interests. The improvement of the existing legisla-tion was proposed based on the carried-out analysis.


Greater integration of optical devices is required in microfluidic systems for on-chip functionality, with lenses being key components. In this paper several candidate lens types are compared and simulations are presented which show that the paraxial kinoform lens offers optimum performance for efficiency and compactness in weak guiding systems


The systematic prescription for the construction of the tree-level multi-string amplitude on general non-Abelian orbifold is given. The method is applied to some typical examples with the special interest in the three-point amplitudes on the Sg-orbifold. The general formula for the N-point amplitude with two twist points is also given.


The invention discloses an A/B shaft parallel mechanism, comprising a fixed platform, a movable platform, a first branch and a second branch, wherein the first branch and the second branch are connected between the fixed platform and the movable platform; the movable platform comprises a main platform and four connecting rods; four connecting rods are connected through a revolute pair to form a plane parallelogram structure; a first driving arm, two first driven arms and the movable platform form a group of plane parallelogram structures inside the first branch, so as to prevent the movable platform from translating along the axis direction of the revolute pair on the driving arm; a second driving arm, two second driven arms and the movable platform form another group of plane parallelogram structures inside the second branch, so as to prevent the movable platform from translating along the axis direction of the revolute pair on the second driving arm; and the two-dimensional rotation of the movable platform is achieved by controlling rotation of the first driving arm and the second driving arm. The A/B shaft parallel mechanism is simple in construction, compact in structure, small in motion mass, convenient to assemble, and easy to control, and can be used for robot joints or machine tool accessories.


We develop a general approach to constructing a deformation that describes the mapping of any dynamical system with irreducible first-class constraints in the phase space into another dynamical system with first-class constraints. It is shown that such a deformation problem can be efficiently explored in the framework of the Batalin-Fradkin-Vilkovisky (BFV) formalism. The basic objects of this formalism are the BRST-BFV charge and a generalized Hamiltonian that satisfy the defining equations in the extended phase space in terms of (super)Poisson brackets. General solution to the deformation problem is found in terms of a (super)canonical transformation with a special generating function which is explicitly established. It is proved that this generating function is determined by a single arbitrary function which depends only on coordinates of initial dynamical system. In principle, such a function may be non-local, but the deformed theory may nevertheless have a local sector. To illustrate the developed approach, we have constructed a non-local deformation of the Abelian gauge theory into a non-local non-Abelian gauge theory whose local sector coincides with the standard Yang-Mills theory.


A new kind of copper alloy (Cu-Ni-X) for electric contact material is developed and effects of heat treatment on its microstructure and hardness are discussed. The results show that under solution heat treatment at 1160?℃×8?h, the mono-phase Cu-Ni solid solution is obtained, the hardness of the copper alloy is decreased and its formational process enhanced. Then, under the ageing heat treatment at 500?℃×4?h,the hardness rises owing to new phases dispersed, which leads to the increase in both strength and wear resistance of the alloy, able to meet the service demands.


Survey results of mass sports of year 2000 in China were analyzed through mathematical statistics. Results showed that "low sports consumption" was the mainstream of mass sports consumption in China. The principal part of consumption was purchase of sports things. Young people tended to spend a lot on sports but not often. While old aged people tended to spend less but very often. Promoting sports consumption through price and sales strategies could provide theoretical reference for mass sports industry.


This research is based on the results of observations of students of chemistry education class of 2020, where students have difficulty in identifying the Benedict and Seliwanoff tests because the test results are similar. This study aims to determine the feasibility level of animated video practicum instructions on carbohydrate material and to find out the response of 2020 class chemistry education students to the animated video media developed. This research is a development research with a modified 4-D model (Define, Design, Development). The subject in this study was an animated video media of practicum instructions on carbohydrate material, which was tested on chemistry education students batch 2020. The data collection instruments consisted of material validation sheets, media validation sheets and student response questionnaires. The developed media obtained material validation results with an average percentage value of 89,5% (very feasible) and material validation with an average percentage value of 92% (very feasible). The test results of the chemistry education student response test class of 2020 to the animated video developed obtained an average percentage value of 90,33% (strongly agree). Based on the results of the research and discussion, it can be concluded that the animated video of carbohydrate practicum instructions is very suitable to be used to overcome the problem of the concept of determining the Benedict and Seliwanoff test.


A strain of Pythium spp.was isolated from the soil of tobacco field,and was identified as Pythium aphanidermatum.Inoculation experiment results indicated that Pythium aphanidermatum could infect tobacco,cucumber and pepper.An excellent Trichoderma harzianum isolate TGY040604 was screened based on their inhibitory activities against Pythium aphanidermatum through dual-culture experiment,the inhibitory effect of TGY040604 on the growth rates of P.aphanidermatum reached 80%,and the secondary metabolites of Trichoderma spp.also had inhibitory effect on P.aphanidermatum.The pot experiment results showed the control effect of TGY040604 on tobacco damping-off reached 65%,and was better than metalaxyl-mancozeb.


A novel technique combining the advantages of the laser-rf double-resonance scheme and a fast-beam collinear laser spectroscopy has been applied to a detailed study of the hyperfine structure of /sup 235/U II. The experimental results are analyzed with use of ab initio Dirac-Fock calculations of the reduced radial parameters of relativistic hyperfine structure theory. The analysis results in a new value for the nuclear dipole moment ..mu..(/sup 235/U) = -0.38(3) ..mu../sub N/ and a determination of the spin density a/sup 10/(7s) = -2880(75) MHz of the 7s electron.