This section of the report describes the evidence-based programs for which the California Institute for Mental Health (CiMH) provides implementation support. Each case contains a description of the practice, including target population, goals, funding both for training and for service delivery, training protocols and, in some cases, unique implementation strategies. Finally, information is provided on the number of organizations currently implementing and, if known, sites that have dropped out and reasons why.


Village, as one of the centers of administration that has direct contact with the community, certainly has an individual approach in community empowerment. Community empowerment pattern as an effort to improve socio-economic conditions has been carried out. The purpose of this study is to examine the pattern of community empowerment through village-owned companies in increasing joint ventures in gold mining areas in West Sumbawa. This research uses a qualitative approach. Research subjects from the community are: village heads, manager of BUMDes (Village-Owned Enterprises), and recipients who have direct impact on the program. Data collection uses observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis uses data reduction, data disclosure, and conclusions. The results of this study indicate that the patterns of community empowerment through BUMDes are 1) through the pattern of partners, 2) community income, and 3) employment. The presence of the BUMDes program is already running, but it has weaknesses in the field of marketing. Therefore, a sustainable partnership pattern with all parties is required to enable them free from the prolonged poverty.


Cr2−xTixO3 thin films with 0 ⩽ x ⩽ 1.82 were prepared on sapphire substrates by aerosol assisted chemical vapour deposition. The films in the 0 ⩽ x ⩽ 1.6 composition range grow preserving the α-chromite structure with a lattice constant that changes as a function of the titanium concentration [Ti]. However, films with x > 1.6 start to develop a crystalline phase that can be identified as Cr-doped TiO2. For the Cr2−xTixO3 films a Ti3+ → Cr3+ substitution is deduced from the crystalline structure and confirmed by XPS experiments. The increment in the lattice parameter agrees with the reduction in the optical band gap which goes from 3.50 eV to 2.70 eV for films with x = 0 and x ∼ 1.6, respectively. At room temperature the electrical conductivity decreases as a function of the [Ti]. The thermal stimulated conductivity indicates a trap level at ∼0.55 eV inside the gap in all the samples and the behaviour of the σ–T curves at higher temperatures indicates that the transport properties undergo a transition from a variable range hopping process to a more complicated process as the [Ti] increases.


This paper will introduce the torsional vibration test method and signal analysis for a harmonic reducer in industrial robot. The harmonic reducer is generally applied to the fifth and sixth axes of the industrial robots, and the torsional vibration will affect the mechanical performance. To understand the torsional vibration condition of the harmonic reducer, the test device is set up through loading the corresponding moment of inertia. In the study, the curve of torsional characteristic is obtained, and it can be used to assess the mechanical performance; Using zoom spectrum technology on harmonic resonance, the characteristic frequency is identified in detail. The manufacturing defect of the harmonic reducer is diagnosed based on characteristic frequencies of its transmission, and defect elimination is successfully realized by adjustment of components in the harmonic driver; Some nonlinear vibration characteristics caused by stiffness with time periodic dependent, including bi-spectrum and harmonic resonance, etc., are investigated. The experimental results show that the test and analysis of torsional vibration have positive significance for the online quality assembly assurance of harmonic reducer.


Despite earlier awareness of the need for pediatricians to recognize and diagnose developmental delay, the average age at diagnosis of fragile X syndrome (FXS) according to a study by Bailey et al,1 published in this issue of Pediatrics, has remained unchanged at 35 to 37 months of age. Although the survey (given between 2001 and 2007) suggests quicker referral to early childhood intervention (ECI) programs when abnormal development is suspected, the missing step responsible for the delay in the diagnosis of FXS seems to be that pediatricians do not consult a genetics specialist and/or order the test for FXS soon enough. This study reinforces that pediatricians must have a higher level of suspicion for FXS in certain patient populations with developmental delay, especially those with speech delay.


In 2020, the European Commission announced its intention to table a legislative proposal for a Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM), as part of a wider package of laws aimed at implementing the EU Green Deal. It furthermore stated that it would explore various options, such as a so-called "carbon tax" on selected products, a new carbon customs duty, or the extension of the EU ETS to imports. Apart from political and technical challengens, it is generally acknowledged that the main legal hurdle that a CBAM would have to take is to ensure compatibility with the world trade law of the WTO. Against this background, the present policy paper endeavours to explore whether, and if so how, the various CBAM design options that were under consideration could be reconciled with WTO law requirements as developed by panels and the Appellate Body. Different from other publications, we directly compare different CBAM instruments as to their WTO compatiblity, and we moreover also propose certain design modifications for individual instruments so as to strike a better balance with the objective of addressing carbon leakage. At the same time, the paper offers a comprehensive survey of scholarly writings on the topic and potentially relevant WTO jurisprudence. We have furthermore included a small section discussing international political economics. Due to its comprehensive nature, the findings of the paper are also relevant for the actual CBAM proposal of the Commission (published July 14, 2021), and for other jurisdictions contemplating similar measures. This paper has been accepted for publication in the Environmental Law Reporter.


When it proves necessarv to arthroclese the stubtaloid joint in these cases it is ustual to perform a triple arthrodesis. Scich anl extensive obliteration is necessarv when the midtarsal joinlt sturfaces are involved in acldition to the talo-calcaneal. Btut the ankle, subtaloid antI mid-tarsal joints together form a compouind joint equivalent to the engineer's universal joinlt. It is truLe that each portioni of it is capable of separate movement but in poiiir of fact every portioni is uLtilized every time wve move the foot on the leg or the leg on the foot. To excise twvo-thirdls of the joint as is done by the triple arthrodesis operationi 5s not sounld orthopxcdic suLrgerv if onlv one-third is damaged. If the integrity of the mitl-tarsal joint is respected the patienit is left with a mtich more mobile and usefUl foot. It is (dtlite obvious why sturgeons incluLde the mid-tarsal joint in their operation even


Solutions to the technical problems in structural design and element manufacture process of a large-scale steel spiral stair are presented in the paper. How to inosculate design, manufacture and construction parties and the importance of close cooperation of the three parties to the execution of the whole project are discussed.


Abstract We have initiated a theoretical evalution of the nonlinear molecular polarizability of a group of molecules common to the core molecular structure of liquid crystals. The evaluation of three features of the molecular polarizability of these aromatic systems; the effect of bond alternation, the contribution of Coulomb interactions and the modification resulting from substituent groups are reported. We provide theoretical and experimental evidence that for general predictive theoretical calculation, a simple Huckel model Hamiltonian provides adequate information about the effects of molecular structure and chemical variation on the inherent nonlinearity in liquid crystal systems.


Defects detecting layer by layer in arc welding based additive manufacturing (AWAM) is a big challenge as it affects the successive layer quality of the products. Most of the work on layer quality defection were focused on 3D profile measurement and X-ray spectroscopy method but it is inefficient, expensive with poor adaptability. In this work, an online intelligent surface defects detection system for AWAM was developed through deep learning algorithm and support vector machine method. To achieve a reliable surface feature of the welding beads, a vision sensor was used to get the image of the shaped surface synchronously. The system was trained offline and online to acquire knowledge of the welding beads which were classified into five patterns as normal, pore, hump, depression and undercut. An defection test result showed 95.29% accuracy. The system was verified to be practical with high accuracy and efficiency for the surface defects.


Objective To discuss the hemostatic effect of the complete covered esophageal Stent in treating hemorrhage from esophageal varices and explore the new treatment method in emergency state.Methods To confirm the place and scope of hemorrhage and the distance form fore-tooth,taking the cardia ostium as the lower limit of esophageal stent.the stent was placed under fluoroscopy.Results After the stent placement was achieved in six patients with shock,was stopped at once,the vital sign get right through the treatment of fluid infusion and antishock.Conclusions The complete covered esophageal sent placement is a simple.effective..rapid and non-invasive.non-complication and non-contraindication method in treating hemorrhage form esophageal varices.


The disaster caused by the heavy rain results in the greatest damage Among the damages caused by the weather disaster. many previous researches actively analyzed heavy rainfall disasters. The work includes analyzing vulnerability of disaster using characteristics and size of disaster damage in local area, selecting inf luencing factors inf luencing disaster and analyzing its inf luence. Rainfall during the heavy rainfall disaster is concerned with regional vulnerability to rainfall. The disaster-induced rainfall averaged on scale was analyzed by classifying disaster damage scale. The damage per precipitation unit is assumed to be disaster vulnerability, and local vulnerability of disasters is analyzed and the tendency of disaster vulnerability is analyzed using a time series analysis. The total amount of rainfall during the disaster period was analyzed in a large amount of rainfall in the Seoul metropolitan area and Busan city. The analysis shows that The average rainfall per accident case is high, and the region with relatively high stability against heavy rainfall disaster is Seoul metropolitan city. Southwest regions of the Korean Peninsula are analyzed to be affected by a very small amount of precipitation. The damage analysis shows that Busan Metropolitan City and the metropolitan area are relatively safe area against disaster. The analysis of disaster vulnerability based on the precipitation during the heavy rainfall disaster provides a clear classification of vulnerability by region.


In this study, adsorption data for the case of energetically heterogeneous solid surface are modeled using artificial neural network. A neural network with three hidden neurons, including the bias, was able to predict very accurately the temperature dependency of adsorption data. The results were compared with experimental data (over temperature range 273-313 K and 0-2 MPa pressure) and it was found that the predictions of the artificial neural network model fit the experimental data very accurately.


In her article "More Migrants with Nowhere to Go?", Mary Theis reframes the stories of the Tai Dam and discusses this group of people, who migrated from Vietnam and Laos to Thailand and then to Iowa in 1975 after the wars in Southeast Asia when they virtually had nowhere to go. It is based on interviews with some of the 1,200 Tai Dam who were invited by Governor Robert Ray to resettle in Des Moines, Iowa, and nearby cities. The stories are contextualized by research on U.S. policies on immigration and the current precarious fates of other migrants in the United States to reflect not only upon just how many in the United States appear to be retreating from its raison d'être but also upon potential reactions to the inevitable, not-so-distant demographic consequences of climate change. Mary Theis, "More Migrants with Nowhere to Go?" page 2 of 9 CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture 20.5 (2018):  Special Issue Voices of Life, Illness and Disabilities in Life Writing and Medical Narratives. Ed. I-Chun Wang, Jonathan Locke Hart, Cindy Chopoidalo, and David Porter


We describe two methods for correcting for omitted variables in discrete choice models: a fixed effects approach and a control function approach. We apply the methods to disaggregate data on customer's choice among television options including cable, satellite, and antenna. Estimates are similar for the two methods, and the estimated price response rises substantially when the correction is applied with either method.


RATIONALE
Common genetic variants have been associated with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF).

OBJECTIVES
To determine functional relevance of the 10 IPF-associated common genetic variants we previously identified.

METHODS
We performed expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) and methylation quantitative trait loci (mQTL) mapping, followed by co-localization of eQTL and mQTL with genetic association signals and functional validation by luciferase reporter assays. Illumina MEGA genotyping arrays, mRNA sequencing, and Illumina 850k methylation arrays were performed on lung tissue of participants with IPF (234 RNA and 345 DNA samples) and non-diseased controls (188 RNA and 202 DNA samples).

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS
Focusing on genetic variants within 10 IPF-associated genetic loci, we identified 27 eQTLs in controls and 24 eQTLs in cases (false-discovery-rate-adjusted p<0.05). Among these signals, we identified associations of lead variants rs35705950 with expression of MUC5B and rs2076295 with expression of DSP in both cases and controls. mQTL analysis identified CpGs in gene bodies of MUC5B (cg17589883) and DSP (cg08964675) associated with the lead variants in these two loci. We also demonstrated strong co-localization of eQTL/mQTL and genetic signal in MUC5B (rs35705950) and DSP (rs2076295). Functional validation of the mQTL in MUC5B using luciferase reporter assays demonstrates that the CpG resides within a putative internal repressor element.

CONCLUSIONS
We have established a relationship of the common IPF genetic risk variants rs35705950 and rs2076295 with respective changes in MUC5B and DSP expression and methylation. These results provide additional evidence that both MUC5B and DSP are involved in the etiology of IPF.


The utility model discloses a sample transfer device of a full-automatic blood cell analyzer. The sample transfer device comprises a sampling assembly and a vertical motion system. The sampling assembly comprises a sampling needle pressing block and a sampling needle. The vertical motion system comprises a second stepping motor and a guide rail pressing block. The second stepping motor and the sampling assembly are separated. The sampling needle pressing block comprises a guide column, and a hole matched with the guide column is formed in the corresponding position of the guide rail pressing block. When the sampling assembly is in contact with the guide rail pressing block, the guide column is contained in the hole, and the sampling assembly and the pressing block are in close contact. The stepping motors of the sample transfer device are both fixed to a rack of the analyzer, motion is easy, cost is low, the structure is compact, and meanwhile the functions of open sampling and closed puncturing sampling and the function of conveying samples to the specified position are achieved.


The lack of integrity in China's securities market,which occurs repeatedly,is rooted in imperfect legal system,absence of direct legislation,and lack of relevant legal content in the existing laws and regulations.Too difficult enforceability,higher cost for trustworthy behavior,and lower price for dishonesty have also played a fueling role in the dishonest behaviors by the market players.Therefore,it's an urgent task to develop a unified national Credit Law,a Credit Information Law and Dishonesty Penalty Act,to improve relevant supporting legal system for the integrity in China's securities market,and to improve the mechanisms for "subjecting to penalty for dishonesty while gaining benefit from integrity".


This study investigated the different modes and sources used by organizational newcomers when seeking information. Newcomers were found to follow predictable patterns of seeking behavior, and to use modes and sources differentially depending on the type of information that they were trying to obtain.


The magnetic and thermal properties of the ordered bimetallic chain CoNi(EDTA)⋅6H2O in the very low‐temperature range are reported. The magnetic behavior does not exhibit the characteristic features of 1D ferrimagnets, but a continuous decrease of χmT towards zero at absolute zero. This 1D antiferromagnetic behavior results from an accidental compensation between the moments located at the two sublattices. This behavior, as well as the specific‐heat results, are modeled on the basis of an Ising‐exchange model that considers both alternating spins and Lande factors, and a zero‐field splitting on the Ni site.


1-INTRODUCTION Living in a big city and being part of a supposedly modern society, we are certainly exposed to a daily bombardment of communication that brings us the most varied information. Also, considering the natural evolution of the worldwide economy to a more competitive stage, where the companies which survive will be those that demonstrate the greatest capacity to react to the changes in their respective markets, it becomes clearer and clearer that "information" exerts and will exert a decisive influence on societies and organizations in covering decades. In this context, the telecommunication sector becomes more important among the main and more profitable businesses of the modern world. This trend is demonstrated by the growth of the telecommunication sector's share of the worldwide GNP, which increased from 1.8% in 1980 to 2.1% in 1985, and to 2.3% in 1990. Moreover, the recent research conducted by Trevisan Consultants among businessmen (figure 1) shows that telecommunications facilities weight more heavily than tax benefits or other factors offered by Brazilian States when companies are making decisions about building their factories. FIGURE 1 Decisions Process About Building Factors %


The authors propose a new method for the speckle filtering of polarimetric interferometry data. Polarimetric interferometry is a new research area that has great potential for vegetation characterization and tree height estimation. As in other SAR applications, speckle is a problem. The commonly applied 5/spl times/5 boxcar filter has the undesirable effect of blurring both amplitudes and phases. The phase terms from the cross-correlation between two polarimetric SAR data sets contain the important interferometry information. The new method emphasizes not introducing cross talk, preserving polarimetric and interferometric information. Comparison will be made with the commonly applied 5x5 boxcar filter. Repeat-pass polarimetric interferometry data is used for illustration.


Aims. The clustering properties of a large sample of U-dropouts are investigated and compared to very precise results for B-dropouts from other studies to identify a possible evolution from z=4 to z=3. Methods. A population of ~8800 candidates for star-forming galaxies at z=3 is selected via the well-known Lyman-break technique from a large optical multicolour survey (the ESO Deep Public Survey). The selection efficiency, contamination rate, and redshift distribution of this population are investigated by means of extensive simulations. Photometric redshifts are estimated for every Lyman-break galaxy (LBG) candidate from its UBVRI photometry yielding an empirical redshift distribution. The measured angular correlation function is deprojected and the resulting spatial correlation lengths and slopes of the correlation function of different subsamples are compared to previous studies. Results. By fitting a simple power law to the correlation function we do not see an evolution in the correlation length and the slope from other studies at z=4 to our study at z=3. In particular, the dependence of the slope on UV-luminosity similar to that recently detected for a sample of B-dropouts is confirmed also for our U-dropouts. For the first time number statistics for U-dropouts are sufficient to clearly detect a departure from a pure power law on small scales down to ~2" reported by other groups for B-dropouts.


Mechanical forces play important roles in fetal lung development, therefore, pulmonary hypoplasia is an expected response to Oligohydramnios (OH) due to the decrease of fluid pressure. Amniotic sacs were punctured in pregnant mice with untouched fetuses serving as controls. Fetuses were delivered, and lung tissues collected. Histological sections were imaged and analyzed at the tissue level and the cellular level. Various morphometric descriptors of size, shape and differentiation were used to compare tissues from OH and untouched controls. Our results show that OH leads to smaller, less developed air spaces when compared to controls. Furthermore, cells from OH fetuses are smaller and less regular in shape compared to controls. There is also a defect in the differentiation of Type I alveolar epithelial cells. Here, we show a significant change in the morphometry of the fetal lung as a result of OH. These changes are consistent with the observed pulmonary hypoplasia and are important objective parameters that help in elucidating mechanisms of lung development and potential management of OH induced pulmonary hypoplasia.


Objective To establish an efficient and non-invasive method for analyzing human scent in underclothing.Method The headspace solid phase micro-extraction(HS-SPME) and GC-MS(SIM) detection were adopted.The four main volatile substance groups of alcohols,aldehydes,ketones and esters in underclothing were detected at the same time.The chromatograms obtained were statistically analyzed by the fingerprint similarity technique,which compares the difference in relative peak area ratios of common and uncommon compounds in samples.Results The volatile components extracted from each subject's underclothing in the study are different.Therefore,the scent in the underclothing of these subjects could be distinguished by the above four main components.Conclusion The established method is sensitive and stable,and can be applied in the discrimination of human scent in underclothing.


Influence of the kinetics of osmotic pressure variation on yeast viability was related to the rate of water transfer across the yeast membrane. A very high value of membrane hydraulic permeability ( Lp >6 × 10−11 m s−1 Pa−1) of the yeastSaccharomyces cerevisiae implies the presence of aqueous pores in the yeast membrane and explains the yeast resistance to a very high osmotic flow. The high water flow rate can not explain, by itself, the cell mortality following an osmotic shock. Experiments performed at different osmotic pressure levels show that the yeast death under osmotic shifts was related to the coupled effects of the kinetics of osmotic pressure variation and of the total osmotic pressure level of the medium. © 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.


Preface Prologue 1. To the threshold, 1625-1650 2. Apprenticeship of power, 1651-1653 3. The first task, 1653-1654 4. The man of thought 5. Consolidation of the 'True Freedom', 1654-1660 6. The challenge of Stuart and Orange, 1660-1664 7. The humbling of the foe, 1665-1667 8. A snarling peace, 1665-1667 9. The reversal of alliances, 1667-1670 10. Against the tide, 1670-1672 11. Collapse of the 'True Freedom', March-August 1672 12. The worst of days, July-August 1672 Epilogue A bibliographical essay Index.


Abstract An updated statistical scheme for forecasting seasonal tropical cyclone activity in the Atlantic basin by 1 December of the previous year is presented. Previous research by Gray and colleagues at Colorado State University showed that a statistical forecast issued on 1 December of the previous year could explain up to about 50% of the jackknife hindcast variance for the 1950–90 time period. Predictors utilized in the original forecast scheme included a forward extrapolation of the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) and two measures of West African rainfall. This forecast has been issued since 1991 but has shown little skill because of the as yet unexplained failure of the West African rainfall predictors during the 1990s. The updated scheme presented in this paper does not utilize West African rainfall predictors. It employs the new NCEP–NCAR reanalysis data and involves predictors that span the globe. Much experimentation has led to the choosing of conditions associated with the El Nino-Southern Os...


Objectives: To analyze possible risk factors for premature birth (PB).
 Study Design: Case-control study.
 Setting: Maternity Ward of Hospital Santo Andre, Leiria.
 Participants: Mothers and newborn children in 2010.
 Methods: We analyzed the clinical files of mothers giving birth in 2010. We defined the cases as births occurring before 37 weeks gestational age. The controls were births occurring at 37 or more weeks gestational age and were selected by systematic random sampling. Variables studied included maternal age, duration of pregnancy, gender of the child, birth weight, type of delivery, smoking habits, maternal hypertension, previous premature birth, time from last pregnancy, maternal body mass index, maternal infection, drug abuse, previous cervical intervention, diabetes, thyroid dysfunction, twin pregnancy, alterations of amniotic fluid, cervical incompetence, placental disorders, and uterine malformation. Multivariate logistic regression model was used to calculate odds ratios (OR) with significance set at α = 0.05. PASW v.18 software was used.
 Results: Among 2279 childbirths in 2010, the proportion of premature births was 6.32%. The final sample had 136 cases of PB and 316 controls. There was a higher percentage of smokers amongst the cases of PB (11.8% vs 7%), with an OR=2, but this was not statistically significant (p=0.069). In the selected logistic regression model, the determinants of PB with statistical significance were placental disorders (OR 33.7), previous PB (OR 5.8), arterial hypertension (OR 5.1), maternal infection (OR 4), and maternal age (OR 1.1).
 Conclusions: The risk factors for premature birth found were consistent with those described in the literature. The association with smoking was not statistically significant probably due to the small sample size.


In the context of the TAQP project (a systematic action plan for productivity and health; the German acronym TAQP stands for technological innovation, work organization, training and prevention), two new engineered systems have been introduced for airport use: three vacuum lifters in the baggage handling centre, and eight rollertrack conveyors on the airport ramp. The project is being conducted jointly by Fraport AG and the DGUV.


In the article, the author examines the peculiarities of the normative consolidation of the principle of glasnost in the legal monuments of various historical stages of the formation of the Ukrainian state, attention is drawn to the approaches to society's perception of norms regarding certain elements of glasnost judicial proceedings in different periods in the history of the development of Ukrainian law. It was established that the reflection of the idea of the publicity as a value and need of society dates back to ancient times and through certain aspects can be traced in legal sources from Kyivan Rus. Attention is drawn to the fact that the legal sources that extended their influence to Ukrainian lands established the requirements of "publicity", "publicness", "openness", orality of judicial proceedings, the implementation of which influenced the formation and further development of society's ideas about the court and the judiciary, contributed to the strengthening of the request society for a fair trial, and therefore the development of the idea of transparency of the judicial process.
At the level of constitutional and legal regulation, the publicity of the judicial process for a long time did not find its full and comprehensive recognition, legal consolidation precisely as one of the main principles of the judiciary, because the principle of "openness" of the consideration of cases was consistently proclaimed in the studied constitutional acts, which cannot be considered a complete reflection of all aspects of the principle of judicial transparency. Instead, the category of "glasnost" of the judicial process is studied at the level of legal doctrine, mostly actively researched in scientific works devoted to issues of procedural law, the judicial system and the judiciary. Although the constitutional norms did not contain a reference to the concept of "openness", in many scientific works, researchers defined the openness of judicial proceedings as a fundamental constitutional principle, relying on the constitutional norms on the openness of court hearings.
 With the adoption of the Constitution of Independent Ukraine, the publicity of the judicial process as a broader constitutional and legal requirement for the administration of justice was enshrined in the system of the basic principles of the judiciary.


Reconstruction of the bioluminescent source information in small animals in vivo is the inverse problem of Bioluminescence tomography (BLT), which is proved severely ill-posed. Regularization plays an important role in BLT, and choosing the right amount of regularization is crucial to get a meaningful result. However, automated methods to choose a regularization parameter have not been sufficiently considered to date. In this paper, we present an adaptive parameter selection method and compare it with three existing methods: L-Curve Generalized cross-validation (GCV), and Normalized Cumulative Periodogram (NCP). The proposed method was validated by numerical simulation of a heterogeneous phantom experiment. The reconstructed results suggest that the adaptive parameter choosing method perform best and combined with Tikhonov regularization it can achieve accurate localization of bioluminescent source.


Perhaps the most important example of non-logical a priori knowledge is knowledge as to ethical value. I am not speaking of judgements as to what is useful or as to what is virtuous, for such judgements do require empirical premises; I am speaking of judgements as to the intrinsic desirability of things. If something is useful, it must be useful because it secures some end; the end must, if we have gone far enough, be valuable on its own account, and not merely because it is useful for some further end. Thus all judgements as to what is useful depend upon judgements as to what has value on its own account.1


Large-size sapphire crystals are grown by the temperature gradient technique. In order to address current applications, (0001)-oriented boules have been put into production and the quality is analyzed.


Creep damage is one of the main failure factors of high temperature vessels. In this paper, the creep damage calculation program is developed on the Lab Viewplatform. At the same time, in the ANSYS finite element program, the constitutive model with damage parameters is introduced into the ANSYS finite element program by modifying the user-defined creep material subroutine. In this paper, the correctness of the method is verified by comparing the solutions of beam and rectangular plate bending problems based on the Ritz method. Various numerical tests show that the creep analysis of the vessel wall structure can accurately predict the creep damage of the vessel wall structure.


Haptic device includes a substrate, the substrate, so that it can give rise to shearing forces on the finger or an object of a user on the device, with adjustment of the friction reducing vibration, in one or more degrees of freedom , exposed to lateral movement, such as lateral vibrations. .The


The internal and external structures of large insects can not be obtained without any destroy of the specimens using traditional method of dissecting or histological serial sectioning. As the development of X-ray computed tomography(CT) and phase contrast tomography, 3D structures of insect in different scales are observed in high spatial resolution. We can also get the 3D information of soft tissues in elaboration without any destruction of the specimen. The newly technology greatly improved the studies of insect morphology, and also promoted the studies of insect fossil, real time process and insect evolution. We reviewed the application of X-ray tomography in insect fossils, real time process and dissection structures.


ASTRO-D is the next X-ray mission in Japan. The main instrument of ASTRO-D is 4 sets of thin foil conical mirrors with focal plane detectors of CCDs and Imaging Gas Scintillation Proportional Counters (IGSPC). The total effective area of the 4 mirrors is about 500 cm2 at 6 - 7 keV, with energy resolutions about 2% (FWHM) and 8% (FWHM) at 6 keV for CCD and IGSPC, respectively. The spatial resolution of the mirror is 2-3 arcmin in half power diameter, having a field of view of about 30 arcmin diameter. ASTRO-D will provide us with a unique and powerful capability to study high energy astrophysics in the early 1990s.


A LC-MS/MS method was developed for the simultaneously determination of 11 benzoylurea insecticides residues,including forchlorfenuron,diflubenzuron,chlorbenzuron,triflumuron,hexaflumuron,lufenuron,teflubenzuron,fluazuron,flufenoxuron,diafenthiuron,chlorfluazuron,in vegetable samples.The sample was extracted with acetonitrile and cleaned up on column filled with PSA and C18.The 11 benzoylurea insecticides residues were separated on C18 column with gradient elution employing methane(A)-5 mmol/L ammonium acetate(B) as mobile phase,and detected with negative-ion electrospray ionisation-mass spectrometry(ESI-MS) under multiple reaction monitoring(MRM) mode.The calibration curves were linear over the concentration in the range of 3-200 μg/kg for 11 benzoylureas.The recoveries of benzoylureas in vegetable sample at three spiked concentration levels of 10,20 and 50 μg/kg ranged from 69 % to 109 % with relative standard deviations(RSDs) less than 16%(n=5).The limits of quantitation(LOQs) of benzoylurea insecticides were 10 μg/kg,and limits of detection(LODs) were 3 μg/kg.The method is simple,rapid,accurate,and could be applied in the determination of multi-class benzoylurea insecticides in broccoli and kidney beans samples.


There are many stakeholders in the information technology (IT) domain, including the business community and software development and support staff. A high degree of collaboration and knowledge sharing is required to take a system from business concept to production implementation in complex organizations where numerous teams are involved in the software engineering process. Much of historical knowledge management strategy has a technology focus with knowledge collected, organized, and disseminated with a push or pull approach. An approach that considers common technology implementations, such as intranets, document management systems, and email, and how those can be exploited with little or no introduction of new processes or tools to promote knowledge sharing is suggested. Human and social aspects are considered fundamental to the success of a solution that leverages current technology implementations and capitalizes on the relationships that exist and are created among individuals in the context of software engineering work.


We study the problem of tracking a random walk observed with noise when the variance of the walk increment is unknown. We describe a sequence of estimators of the random walk and we design an algorithm to choose the best estimator among all the sequence. We give also a bound for the mean square error of this estimator. Finally some simulations are presented and we compare our algorithm with the Kalman filter when the variance of the walk increment is estimated.


Non-bullous congenital ichthyosi-form erythroderma is an autosomal recessive congenital keratinization disorder. We present the only one registered case of congenital non-bullous ichthyosiformerythroderma in North Macedonia. Our patient now is a 29-year old man from Gostivar. He was born with low birth weight and a low Apgar score (5/7). After birth, the skin was so cracked, that there were bleeding in certain places. Furthermore, the entire body, especially the head, was covered with yellow-green scales of varying size, which were firmly attached to the substrate. There was no history of similar or same illness in the family. Little is known about the oral manifestations of this disorder. The prognosis is variable. The disease has a strong impact on the quality of life due to altered physical appearance, problematic symptoms and treatment restrictions.


Background: Prediction of accessory pathway (AP) location before radiofrequency ablation has become increasingly important for patients with AP; this is especially true for posteroseptal (PS) APs.


We introduce and study a new system of generalized nonlinear quasi-variational-like inclusions with -cocoercive operator in Hilbert spaces. We suggest and analyze a class of iterative algorithms for solving the system of generalized nonlinear quasi-variational-like inclusions. An existence theorem of solutions for the system of generalized nonlinear quasi-variational-like inclusions is proved under suitable assumptions which show that the approximate solutions obtained by proposed algorithms converge to the exact solutions.


Human health risks due to consumption of vegetables from contaminated sites. Towards a protocol for site-specific assessment. RIVM has developed an approach which allows human health risks of vegetable consumption from contaminated sites to be assessed. A tiered approach was used to guarantee the scientific basis and efficient use in practice. The underlying principle is: simple when possible and complex when necessary. If the risk can be eliminated in an early step, the assessment can be stopped. If not, assessment continues in the next tier, becoming more site-specific with each tier. This results in a more realistic, but also more time-consuming, assessment. The approach consists of four tiers that are laid out as follows. Tier 0, which precedes the calculation and measurement tiers, investigates the possibilities for experiencing adverse human health effects due to vegetable consumption. Subsequently, the soil concentrations of pollutants are measured in Tier 1 and compared with so-called Critical soil concentrations (for which vegetable consumption from contaminated sites is safe). Tier 2 offers the possibility for a detailed assessment of the site-specific risks for human health on the basis of calculation. Finally, Tier 3 shows a standardized measurement protocol. This protocol offers guidance and advice on the type and amount of crops that can be sampled in the field, thereby providing an indication for human health risks.


This study aims to determine the mechanism of material failure analysis carried out on aircraft wings. The analysis was carried out in the form of visual inspection, macro-fractography, and SEM fractography. The analysis used composition assays with X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy and Oxford Instruments X-MET 5100, macroscopic analysis with a Nikon SMZ 1500 digital camera and stereo microscope, and higher magnification fractographic analysis was performed using the FEI XL40 SFEG SEM. Based on the analysis carried out, it was found that failure occurred in the components of the aircraft wing, intergranular cracks due to microstructure weakness, were the cause of material failure. Material failure analysis is very important to know and reveal the causes and countermeasures of the components that failure. The form of failure can be in the form of cracks, fractures, corrosion, and others .


Anomaly detection plays an essential role in hyperspectral remote sensing. Various widespread detectors, such as ReedXiaoli (RX), sparse representation, or deep learning-based methods, have been developed by using the original spectral or spatial-spectral features. However, most of the existing methods cannot adaptively extract spatial-spectral information by integrating traditional and deep learning methods. In this paper, we propose a variational mode decomposition (VMD)-inspired bidirectional long short-term memory (termed as VbiLSTM) for anomaly detection of hyperspectral images (HSI). The VbiLSTM consists of three main modules, i.e., noise reduction module, intrinsic feature extraction module, and anomaly detection module. First, wavelet transform is performed on the original HSI datasets to reduce the noise. Second, VMD-guided biLSTM is proposed for intrinsic feature extraction of the denoised image. Finally, a one-class support vector machine (OCSVM) is adopted for anomaly detection by feeding the extracted features and the final detection results are an ensemble of detection results over all the features. Experiments performed on two HSI datasets demonstrate that the VbiLSTM achieves superior detection results compared with current state-of-the-art methods.


PURPOSE
This study investigated histochemically the elastic fibers in human temporomandibular joint (TMJ) discs with varying degrees of tissue degeneration/regeneration to determine whether there are differences that correlate with the histologic findings.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
Ten diseased human TMJ discs and 2 control specimens were studied histochemically by staining with Weigert's resorcin-fuchsin after oxidation with peracetic acid. This technique selectively stains elastic, elaunin, (pre-elastic), and oxytalan fibers.

RESULTS
In TMJ discs with an abnormal collagen fiber arrangement, an increased number of oxytalan fibers could be observed, contrary to discs with scar-like tissue transformation in which oxytalan fibers were decreased in number. In discs showing tears and clefts, the oxytalan fibers run perpendicular to the defects, whereas elaunin and elastic fibers were mainly circumferentially arranged. In discs with chondroid metaplasia, elastic, elaunin, and oxytalan fibers were extensively detected.

CONCLUSIONS
It is hypothesized that the elastic, elaunin, and oxytalan fibers found in severely damaged discs appear to ensure biomechanical compliance by reinforcing regions devoid of collagen bundles and thus function as shock absorbers of stretch and compression.


Comparisons of high‐resolution extended range CCN spectra measured at 100 m altitude with cloud and drizzle microphysics in the Rain in Cumulus over the Ocean (RICO) aircraft field project are presented. CCN concentrations, NCCN, active at supersaturations, S, >0.1% showed positive relationships with cloud droplet concentrations, Nc, measured at intermediate (606–976 m) and very high altitudes (1,763–3,699 m). These correlation coefficients, R, progressively increased with S while the two‐tailed probabilities, P2, progressively decreased with S to < 10−6 at 1.6%S. More important were the positive relationships between NCCN active at S < 0.1% and drizzle drop concentrations, Nd, at high (977–1,662 m), very high and high‐very high altitudes combined (977–3,699 m). All of these relationships were consistent for eight different cloud liquid water content, Lc, thresholds (for Nc) and Lc bins (for Nd) ranging from 0.0002 to 0.3 g/m3. Negative relationships between CCN modality and low altitude (76–475 m) cloudiness coupled with no relationship of NCCN active at any S with Nc of these low clouds indicated a cloud effect on ambient aerosol. This is a demonstration of clouds causing bimodal aerosol.


The four-story masonry structure of a primary school in Shanxi Province,the seismic fortification intensity of which is 8 and is needed to be strengthened,is regarded as an background project to discuss the computational analysis method,construction technology and corresponding key technology of seismic strengthening of multi-story masonry buildings using isolation technology.The analysis results show that the base isolating method can decrease the seismic force acting on the above building structure effectively, and increase the structure safety in some degree.In high earthquake intensity regions,the isolation method has superiority to general seismic strengthening method of masonry structure.Relevant achievements for strengthening the seismic resistant capacity of masonry structure of primary and secondary schools have important reference value.


The invention provides a stereoscopic image generation method and a stereoscopic image generation device. The stereoscopic image generation method comprises the following steps of: taking a right eye image along a first direction; taking a left eye image along a second direction; and cutting off a part of the right side of the left eye image according to a preset distance and cutting off a part of the left side of the right eye image according to a preset distance to enable the size of the cut-off left eye image to be consistent with the size of the cut-off right eye image.


Hospital Central laboratory sample collection room is responsible for controlling and monitoring the laboratory investigation and ensures the timely process of the sample and report preparation and delivery of the report. This study aimed to optimize the management of studied sample collection room by developing suitable queuing theory and simulation technique. A descriptive-analytical study conducted in IMS & SUM Hospital, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India in 2014. A sample of 220 patients referred to the central laboratory of the hospital in two periods, busy and causality, was selected to collect the necessary data to determine the arrival rate, service rate, and other data needed to calculate the patients flow and queuing network performance variables. After the initial analysis of collected data using the software SPSS 17, the central laboratory sample collection room queuing network performance indicators were calculated for both periods. Results showed that the queue characteristics of the studied sample collection room during the situation analysis were very undesirable in busy and causality periods. The simulation results showed that reducing the staff in the morning the receiving prescriptions stage didn't change the queue performance indicators. Increasing one staff in labeling could cause a decrease the average waiting time.


Abstract The dynamic compaction method was used to analyze the consolidation of the railway foundation. Based on the physical characteristics of sands, an extended model was proposed by soil tests. This model is powerful for investigations of mechanical behaviour of sands under the dynamic compactions. By comparing with the experimental results, it is indicated that the dynamic compaction was an effective method for understanding the consolidation of railway foundations, moreover, the numerical model based on the infinite element analysis was a powerful tool to find the practical conditions without boundary reflection under the dynamic compactions.


The author distinguishes four historical avenues of approach to electoral research which sometimes tend to run into one another. The first is the geographie électorale of André Siegfried which is heavily oriented toward geography. A second approach, close to the first, is called by Diederich &dquo;political ecology&dquo; and exemplified by Key's Southern Politics. A third school is American public opinion research from Merriam and Gosnell to the Survey Research Center studies which is characterized as interested chiefly in the processes of opinion-formation and the polling and statistical techniques conducive to the meaningful processing of data. A fourth orientation is attributed to the Nuffield College studies in Great Britain where the emphasis rests on the unfolding of contemporary political history. These approaches and schools of electoral study have also found disciples outside the countries of their origin, such as in Germany and in many other countries. Diederich's description of the different contributions to electoral research is generally sound, although minor objections might be raised here and there. His criticism of the French reluctance to use polling techniques and consultation with party officials is a point well taken, as is his mention of the failure of French schol-


This paper evaluates some of the valuable medicinal forest plant roots commonly used by various ethnic groups in Kaduna State, Nigeria. A set of sixty (60) structured questionnaire was purposively administered to traditional healers, herbs traders, civil servants, and other herb users in Lere Local Government Area of Kaduna State. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis. Results showed that age, sex, marital status, educational status and occupation of respondents have no significant relationship (p>0.05) with the uses of herbs. It also showed that there are a total of thirty seven (37) families of forest plant roots comprising of 60 different plants identified in the survey for treating various diseases or symptoms. These plants include Vitex doniana (Dinya), Anona senegalensis (Gwandan dabi), Khaya senegalinsis (Madaci). Opilia celtidifolia (Rufan gada), Moringa olifera (Zogale), Mangifera indica (Mangoro), Pisidium guijava (Gwaiba) Zimenia Americana (Tsada) Pakia biglobosa (Dorawa). Some of the uses cannot be proven scientifically. Efforts should be made to develop herbal medication to serve as an alternative to orthodox medication.


Results Scans were available at both baseline and 12-months in 82 participants. On comparing DRIL severity by location, a gradient was observed with a higher frequency of more severe DRIL in the foveal scan compared to those further from the fovea. Following treatment, the horizontal extent of mean DRIL at the fovea at baseline reduced from 1332.7 μm (SD. 786.4) to 923.7 μm (SD. 713.5) at month 12. The weighted baseline severity score (range 7 to 48) improved after treatment with the greatest reduction in DRIL severity observed in the foveal scan. Eyes with a reduction of > 20 in weighted DRIL score had a median VA of 67 letters (SD 7.8) at baseline compared to those with worsening DRIL (change > + 10) with a median VA of 62 (SD 11.6)


The transition to online mobile teaching and learning during the COVID-19 pandemic required more than access to mobile digital technologies, particularly in South Africa, a country trying to address the injustices and inequalities of the pre-democracy period. The argument advanced in this research is that the transition to online mobile teaching and learning could be used as leverage to promote active participation, quality inclusive learning, develop relevant and responsive content and achieve mobile digital equity. This interpretative case study was conducted at a South African teacher-training institution. The primary aim of this study is to explore the following question: How did postgraduate STEM students use mobile digital technologies to facilitate teaching and learning under COVID-19 conditions? Data was obtained from 20 purposively selected postgraduate STEM students enrolled for their Bachelor of Education honours degree. They participated in online discussion forums and maintained reflective journals. Due diligence was taken to ensure all the required ethical protocols were observed. Mishra and Koehler's Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge (TPACK) model framed this study. The constructs of the model were used during the analysis of data. The findings highlight that mobile digital technologies were used for translanguaging, supporting students in developing disciplinary science understanding through exposure to practical work and linking cross-cutting concepts in STEM subjects. The findings of this study are significant as they indicate how to operationalize STEM teaching in developing countries; how to address issues of access and social justice; and how to leverage mobile technologies to improve practice in STEM subjects, post-COVID.


Increasing attention is attached to manpower capital investment on education with the overall improvement of Chinese education.A mathematic model for comparing the contributions of education investment to economic growth with that of material capital investment is established.By this model, results of different policies on education and material investments are simulated.


In the ArF lithography for sub-100nm, PSM (Phase Shift Mask) has been considered as one of the basic RETs (Resolution Enhancement Techniques). Nowadays, besides attenuated PSM, alternating PSM and CPL (Chromeless Phase Lithography) containing Cr patch is widely studied for targeting sub-100nm. Since 2nd process using 365nm laser tools for Cr patch has been a wide gap between the reality and the demands, various candidates using 254nm laser or e-beam exposure tool have been presented to overcome the current 2nd process limitation. And, the Cr patch operate as an assist pattern to control the transmittance of mask, therefore, the CPL mask with Cr patch have advantages of improving process margin such as dose margin and its applicable flexibility for various layers, dense or isolated pattern in the memory and logic device. In this paper, we scrutinize the feasibility of 2nd alignment using 10keV e-beam. Process issues such as the charging effects caused by 2nd e-beam exposure on the 1st Cr etched substrate were evaluated as well.


Objectives: The primary objective was to clinically verify the symptomatology of Cassia fistula as observed during its proving conducted by the Council earlier. The secondary objective was to ascertain the clinical symptoms. Methods: In this multicentre study, a total of 129 patients from all age groups and of both sexes were drawn from the OPDs of respective institutes and units of the Council, following the inclusion and exclusion criteria as per protocol and obtaining the written consent from the patients. Their presenting signs and symptoms were recorded in a predefined case recording proforma. Special attention was paid to the circumstances of appearance of symptoms and all the physical/ mental generalsas per the homoeopathic point of view. Thereafter, on repertorizing the symptoms, if Cassia fistula was found to be the nearest similimum for the enrolled cases, it was prescribed in different potencies like 6C, 30C and 200C in ascending order, according to the need of the case and following homoeopathic principles. The progress was noted in follow up sheets to determine the effect of the medicine. Result: It was found that many of the symptoms of the proving of the drug conducted by the Council were found to be present in the patients, which were removed subsequently by the administration of the remedy and thus verified clinically. Apart from these, some additional clinical symptoms also emerged during the study, exploring the wider area of the medicine for its therapeutic use. Conclusion: Cassia fistula may be considered as a remedy for various clinical conditions like anorexia, confusion, constipation, coryza, earache, fever, headache, lethargy, nasal obstruction, pain in abdomen, sneezing, sleeplessness, stiffness of joints, arthritis, cervical pain, tonsillitis and weakness etc. The symptoms of drug proving were also amply verified by this study and the clinical symptoms revealed in the study have widened its scope for use in various therapeutic conditions.


It is known that classical Coulomb blockade effects of SET devices are disturbed by the tunneling effects of higher order denoted as macroscopic quantum tunneling of charge (q-mqt) or co-tunneling. The influence of an external electromagnetic environment modelled by an additional impedance in the circuit on the mean q-mqt current is studied in the high-impedance limit. This is important especially for devices containing only two SET junctions, for instance the SET electrometer, where the influence of the environment on the Coulomb blockade is remarkable. It can be shown that the Coulomb blockade is only partly destroyed producing a new, lower "quantum" Coulomb blockade. This holds as well in the case of the incoherent as of the coherent q-mqt. Furthermore, a method is presented on how to regularize the logarithmic singularities in the q-mqt current using line width effects.


IN ONE OF HIS numerous working notes, collected and published posthumously in 1869 as Aphorismen und Fragmente, Heinrich Heine remarked upon the correspondence between life and poetry in the culture of the ancient Greeks, a correspondence which, in Heine's opinion, accounted for the Greeks having produced no writers as great as those of modern Europe, "wo das Leben oft den Gegensatz der Poesie bildet." "Shakespeares grosse Zeh," Heine goes on, "enthalt mehr Poesie als alle griechischen Poeten (mit Ausnahme des Aristophanes) " (7: 423) ("where life often opposes itself to poetry." "Shakespeare's big toe contains more poetry than all the Greek poets [with the exception of Aristophanes]").' This paper is dedicated neither to upholding nor to refuting Heine's remarkable proposition, but rather to suggesting what may allow the classical Athenian comic dramatist Aristophanes to hold his ground against the Elizabethan poet, at least in the standoff staged by this nineteenth-century cultural critic. For if Aristophanes manages to escape the charge of drab mimesis Heine levels at the rest of the classical canon, it is clearly in part because his measured grotesquery is as singular and inimitable, in its limited way, as the irregular and capricious style fashioned by Shakespeare. But Aristophanes' ascendancy in this historical period is perhaps also due to his specific methods of satire and allegory, his ways of discovering the comic in the tragic and vice versa, which seemed to be particularly in tune with the political undecidabilities and cryptic style of modernism's various forerunners. During a century of European ferment and counterrevolution, one which saw turns of the literary wheel through romanticism, idealism, and back to a revitalized realism, the comic


A study was conducted at Upper Hill Dipterocarp forest in Malaysia to assess the impact of commercial timber harvesting on suspended sediment (SS) accumulation in the stream. Suspended sediment assessment was conducted based on current harvesting practice (Selective Management System) and improved harvesting protocol. The assessment was made before, during and after timber harvesting. It was found that total SS accumulation in catchment under selective management system higher compared to new protocol during harvesting processes. The accumulation of sediment decreased about two to seven fold on the following year after harvesting processes completed at both catchments.


This report considers children's educational attainment in English and mathematics at the end of primary school (age 11). Children's educational attainment in English and mathematics was derived from their national Key Stage 2 assessments. The analyses have considered the child's level of Key Stage 2 attainment in terms of the effects of child, family, home environment and preschool experience variables as well as the child's ability at the start of primary school.


acter like himself, a permanent outsider. But by positioning the ideology of race outside the US, he is less likely to let white American readers off the hook. Overall, Reddy's book is as accessible to general readers as it is valuable to scholars. The only shortcoming is Reddy's too-brief synopsis of the theories of whiteness as a social and political construct. Particularly in the first chapter where the conceptual slipperiness of whiteness is acknowledged, nonspecialists will find the text's brief focus on court decisions insufficient, although Reddy does expand on the theories in the textual analyses that immediately follow. And in demonstrating the tendency of both black and white writers to treat race as a biological fact, much as readers are likely to do, she marks the conservatism of novels that replace the usually white main character with a person of color.


Objective To evaluate the feasibility of laparoscopic anatomical splenectomy . Methods From Oct. 2004 to Jan. 2006 , Total laparoscopic splensctomy was performed in 20 cases including 10 cases of thalassemia ,8 cases of portal hypertension because of liver cirrhosis and 2 cases of primary hypersplenism . The splenic artery was ligated before manipulation of the spleen and the hilar vessels were resected by dissecting and ligating respectively . Results The total laparoscopic procedure was successful in all cases . The splenic artery was ligated in 18 cases and the hilar vessels were ligated and resected after disection . The operation time averaged(110±35)min and the average intraoperative blood loss was (160±87) mL. Conclusion Total laparoscopic splenectomy is feasible.It is crucial to the intraoperative blood loss control to perform early splenic artery ligation and hilar vessels resection.


This paper studied the bouncing trajectory of the near space hypersonic vehicles,and discussed the trajectory of the near space hypersonic vehicles that belongs to the category of non-Keplerian orbits.Firstly,its cruising phase dynamics equations,its reentry phase dynamics equations,and reentry-moment dynamics equations of non-Keplerian orbits were presented;next,and the question of the reentry-moment position vector of the near space hypersonic vehicles was researched;the concept of bouncing modulus was presented;lastly,the simulation was analyzed,the results was showed that the validity of dynamics equations of non-Keplerian orbits and the veracity of the bouncing modulus.Consequently demonstrates that the method of non-Keplerian orbits' bouncing flight is a new valid approach of the near space hypersonic vehicles.


Ocean acidification is a process driven by the ocean uptake of anthropogenic CO2 emissions. Because this uptake happens at the ocean-atmosphere interphase, ocean acidification is presently foremost a surface ocean phenomenon. A recent study (Lauvset et al., 2020) shows that away from the surface ocean pH changes primarily due to organic matter remineralization, and in ocean depths between 500–1500 m this process enhances ocean acidification by on average 28 ± 15%. Presently, this signal is very weak, and not detectable outside calculation uncertainties. However, as time passes the ocean overturning circulation will transport all carbon chemistry perturbations on and near the surface into the interior ocean, which can already be seen in the deep North Atlantic. Our hypothesis is that if CO2 emissions, and thus ocean acidification, continue in the future then this remineralization enhancement will become significant and lead to some regions and habitats being more vulnerable to continued ocean acidification than others. Here we evaluate this enhancement over the 21st century using the Norwegian Earth System Model (NorESM), to assess which oceanic regions are made more vulnerable to future ocean acidification from this enhancement, and at what timescales the enhancement becomes important.


Case Report Cervical herniation during pregnancy is a extremely rare event requiring emergent decompressive surgery in the majority of cases to prevent permanent neurological damage. Therefore, there is little data in the literature regarding anesthetic management of cervical localization during pregnancy. The potential for difficult airway management with the patient under general anesthesia is one of the major concerns that needs to be addressed to prevent further cord compression. Anesthesic management should also include measures to maintain the mean arterial pressure to improve spinal cord perfusion. Furthermore, spine surgery in pregnant patients needs special consideration in terms of positioning and in the postoperative period. We present a case of a 28-year-old white woman at 18 weeks of gestation with a cervical disc herniation. Fiberoptic bronchoscope-guided nasal intubation was a safe option to ensure a higher rate of successful endotracheal intubation while minimizing the risk of aggravating the injury. Her care posed other multiples challenges that required a multidisciplinary team approach. Conclusions: The case of our patient serves as a reminder of this rare condition and its implications regarding anesthesia.


It is shown by Mentagui (ESAIM :C OCV9 (2003) 297-315) that, in the case of general Banach spaces, the Attouch-Wets convergence is stable by a class of classical operations of convex anal- ysis, when the limits satisfy some natural qualification conditions. This fails with the slice convergence. We establish here uniform qualification conditions ensuring the stability of the slice convergence under the same operations which play a basic role in convex optimization. We obtain as consequences, some key stability results of epi-convergence established by Mc Linden and Bergstrom (Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 286 (1981) 127-142) in finite dimension. As an application, we give a model of convergence and stability for a wide class of problems in convex optimization and duality theory. The key ingredients in our methodology are, the horizon analysis, the notions of quasi-continuity and inf-local compact- ness of convex functions, and the bicontinuity of the Legendre-Fenchel transform relatively to the slice convergence.


Fiber optic data communication networks face unique requirements for applications such as disaster recovery of multiterabyte and petabyte databases. We present experimental results from several enterprise computing testbeds that evaluate dense wavelength-division multiplexing (DWDM) performance in metropolitan area datacom networks. Many networking issues can be addressed through the components used within the DWDM platform; we discuss how current and emerging requirements can be addressed by new packages for 10-Gbit/s links, clock recovery circuits, and wavelength lockers. A comparison of three DWDM platforms evaluated in these testbeds is given, including features such as network bandwidth, scalability, performance over distance, and ease of management. We also report performance of datacom protocols such as enterprise system connection (ESCON), fiber connection (FICON), and FICON Bridge, when extended beyond industry standard distances using DWDM.


We demonstrate ultrabroadband THz-wave generation and detection in a compact system based on a femtosecond fiber laser at 1560 nm and optical rectification in organic electro-optic crystals DSTMS. Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy with a spectrum extending up to 20 THz with a maximum bandwidth exceeding 70 dB is possible with this system.


The present invention provides a feed network of wideband array antenna which is used for wireless communication field. The present invention comprises of microstrip antenna radiation cell, radiation antenna medium substrate, microstrip mirrored unit, coaxial line feed cell, grounding board, feed network medium substrate, microstrip feed network and feed port from top to down in turn. Feed port is connected with microstrip, grounding board and feed network are set on upper surface and lower surface of feed network medium substrate, microstrip feed network is separated with radiation antenna medium substrate by grounding board and air microstrip, microstrip antenna radiation cell, microstrip mirrored unit and microstrip feed network are connected by coaxial line feed cell. The present invention can work efficiently on ku wave band (11.75-12.75GHz), and the array antenna has merits of high plus, low sidelobe and steady structure.


Since 1918 AkzoNobel produces salt by means of solution mining from the bedded Triassic Rot Evaporite deposit in the eastern part of the Netherlands. In this technique water is pumped into the rock salt layer through a well and dissolves the halite in situ. Subsequently the brine is pumped to the purification plant at surface level where the NaCl is extracted from the brine after several impurities have been removed. Near the city of Hengelo, the Hengelo Brine field has been exploited by AkzoNobel since 1933 and based on the technological progress during the years it can be divided into five phases: 1. 1933-1958, 53 wells, 42 caverns; 2.1959-1975, 226 wells, 94 caverns; 3.1976-2005, 213 wells, 72 caverns; 4.2006-2013, 37 wells, 36 caverns; 5.2014-present day, 31 wells, 31 caverns. The area corresponding to the first phase comprises 42 caverns which have been developed from 50 production wells. The production wells have been drilled between 1933 and 1958 and during later stages 3 appraisal wells have been drilled. Present-day AkzoNobel pursues stable caverns at the end of their production life. This is achieved by leaving a sufficient thickness of salt in the roof above the cavity. The result is a ductile boundary between the void and the overburden material. The directly overlain anhydrite layer is much stiffer and shows brittle behavior. When this anhydrite layer is not supported by a sufficient amount of rock salt underneath it can potentially collapse. This roof failure occurs when the span of the exposed anhydrite is large enough. The fragments of the collapsed roof layer will deposit on the bottom of the cavern leaving the next roof layer exposed. With each roof layer collapsing the cavern top and bottom attain a new depth. This process is called cavern migration, which continues until the cavern reaches a status where the roof layer is stable either by sufficient support or strength. Most of the 42 caverns of the phase 1 area have migrated and in five cases this led to significant surface subsidence. Currently AkzoNobel prepares abandonment of the last open wells in the phase 1 area. In order to proof long term safety after closure, the caverns have been examined, simulated, reconstructed, and modelled. By analyzing the available data and scrutinizing a few caverns where extensive migration did occur, the cavern migration behavior and its influential parameters were identified. This report clarifies how the caverns have been reconstructed and how the maximum migration potential is determined with the model. The phase 1 area comprises the oldest part of the Hengelo Brine field. The wells were drilled between 1933 and 1958. During this phase some of the wells were positioned close to each other, intentionally allowing interconnections. The motive was to complete these wells as doublets, while the rest were setup as single completion caverns. Despite these intentions, the leaching during this phase was performed in a less restrained manner than what is acceptable today. The majority of the caverns in the phase 1 area have established unintentional connections and were completed as series of caverns. Due to this lack of control overmining occurred at some of the caverns and as a result most of the caverns have migrated upwards through the overburden and some induced significant subsidence at the surface. As the amount of data and especially measurements of these phase 1 caverns is scarce, the caverns needed to be reconstructed to enable a comprehensive analysis. In order to reconstruct the cavern development and final dimensions, the caverns have been simulated based on their historical production and on interpretations of the geology and logbooks. After cross-correlating the dimensions with the available data, the dimensions are used in an analytical model. Considering multiple influential parameters the post-production 'residual' volume and dimensions of the caverns are deduced. Thereafter the maximum potential migration is determined using a migration model.


This study aimed to identify changes in the physical properties of artificial mineral-fiber materials used as building insulation that had been installed in the outer walls of buildings for a long time. To achieve this goal, glass fiber and rock wool were collected from outer walls in actual buildings and their acoustic and thermal performances were measured. These were compared with measurements from similar products manufactured recently. The results showed that old, used samples had a lower sound absorption coefficient compared to recently manufactured materials. The old samples also displayed increased compressibility compared to new materials. For example, the compressibility difference for glass wool was 7.32 mm. Old samples had a dynamic stiffness 1.28 MN/m3 higher than new material samples. The thermal conductivity of both old and new samples increased within creasing temperature. They showed similar results at temperatures between 0 and 20 ℃.


Kralj-Fiser et al. recently reviewed the lack of evidence in favor of the aggressive spillover hypothesis, an animal personality/behavioral syndrome explanation for pre-copulatory sexual cannibalism. In doing so, they evaluated past tests of the hypothesis, set forth their ideas for criteria that need to be met to accept the spillover hypothesis, and conclude that the hypothesis is not generally supported. Here, I comment on several aspects of their position. In doing so, I identify areas in which we differ and point out several strengths of past tests of the spillover hypothesis. In particular, I suggest that researchers testing the spillover hypothesis have done an excellent job of studying sexual cannibalism in the broader context of a movement within behavioral ecology to understand where an animal's behavior falls along a continuum of plasticity.


A multi-scale model has been successfully applied to the simulation of the effects of pressurisation rate on damage accumulation in carbon fibre/epoxy plates and composite pressure vessels. The results of the simulations agree with experimental results and reveal that the point at which the structures become unstable in a monotonic pressurisation test depends on the speed of loading. The faster the loading rate the higher the applied stress at which the composite structure becomes unstable. The mechanism which governs this behaviour is seen to be the viscoelastic nature of the matrix material through which stresses are transferred from broken to neighbouring intact fibres. At loading rates that allow greater relaxation of the resin around fibre breaks neighbouring fibres are subjected to increased loads over a significantly greater length, leading to further earlier breaks.Copyright © 2013 by ASME


Switched point-to-point interconnection networks provide the high bandwidth and low latency required by current distributed applications. When the topology changes, a reconfiguration of the routing tables is performed to maintain network connectivity. In order to prevent deadlock, traditional reconfiguration schemes discard application traffic during the reconfiguration process. The consequence is that the network cannot provide the bandwidth demanded by user applications. In order to solve this problem, we proposed two deadlock-free schemes that allow traffic through the network while the reconfiguration is being performed By using these schemes, the network is able to fulfill the applications requirements. In this paper, we evaluate these traditional and novel reconfiguration schemes. In particular, we analyze the impact of network size and load on their behavior. Application traffic has been modeled by means of a self-similar pattern. Simulation results clearly show the large performance degradation associated with the traditional approach and the significant benefits that can be obtained by using dynamic reconfiguration techniques.


Reports of rapid delamination of Asian (lauan) plywood substrate used in the construction of fiberglass boats prompted this study to investigate the potential for bacterial degradation of melamine-fortified, urea-formaldehyde resin. Since Douglas-fir plywood bonded with phenol-formaldehyde had not shown similar delamination in comparable boats, it was compared to the lauan plywood using an American Plywood Association (APA) bacterial test. Results ofthe tests showed no significant differences in total heterotrophic bacteria from the glueline regions of Douglas-fir or lauan. Shear testing revealed consistently lower strength values for the lauan compared to Douglas-fir, but no differences as a consequence of wet-chamber bacterial exposure. This standardized test may have excluded marine bacteria with a preference for melamine-fortified, urea-formaldehyde resin.


The following project research is aimed to establish an impact of cost System in the profitability of printing "Graficas Nuevo Mundo" Company in the city of Latacunga, Cotopaxi Province, in order to set alternative solutions. Will track in managing cost in printing presses and the disadvantage that carries not having to face of the wide demand for competition in the market. The project will show a great assistance for making decision that focuses on the correct allocation and control of production costs, establishing an accurately register costs of each product, leaving aside the hand working, to contribute the performance of available resources and achieve a profitability for economic growing and local location in the cantonal, provincial and national market. Through the research carried out at the printing press showed that it does not have a cost system for managing of inventories. In addition to obtain feasible information were used interviews techniques, the observation was made to the manager as well, with the information collected made and analysis, it helps to establish if it is achievable to implement a cost system done by order productions, this one Will provide reliable information for the successful making decision process that leads to the growth and development of the printing press "Graficas Nuevo Mundo".


Abstract In this paper, we explore potential surplus modelling improvements by investigating how well the available models describe an insurance risk process. To this end, we obtain and analyse a real-life data set that is provided by an anonymous insurer. Based on our analysis, we discover that both the purchasing process and the corresponding claim process have seasonal fluctuations. Some special events, such as public holidays, also have impact on these processes. In the existing literature, the seasonality is often stressed in the claim process, while the cash inflow usually assumes simple forms. We further suggest a possible way of modelling the dependence between these two processes. A preliminary analysis of the impact of these patterns on the surplus process is also conducted. As a result, we propose a surplus process model which utilises a non-homogeneous Poisson process for premium counts and a Cox process for claim counts that reflect the specific features of the data.


in identifizierten (idealerweise) Kontrollbedingung Effektivität 6-Monats die Zyban-Gruppe gegenüber allen anderen Gruppen die höchste Abstinenzquote aufweisen. Schlussfolgerung: Die Ergebnisse soll-ten Hinweise auf Möglichkeiten einer bedarfsgerechten, optimier- ten vorhandener Maßnahmen Tabakentwöhnung allgemeinärztlichen liefern. Abstract Smoking cessation in primary and optimized Background / aim of the study: Although a number of efficacious smoking cessation measures and medications do exist, only a small number of smokers (tobacco users) make use of them. A stronger engagement of general practitioners (GPs) in the field of smoking cessation might help to improve health care in this important area. The study will investigate feasibility and effectiveness of different readily available smoking cessation measures under routine conditions in primary health care practices. Method: In phase I of the study patients' health status and tobacco consumption are assessed by means of questionnaires provided on a nationwide appointed date in more than 800 general practices in Germany. In phase II selected practices offer smoking cessation treatments to identified smokers. Participants recruited will be randomly assigned to four groups ideally consisting of 250 subjects each: A bupropion SR (Zyban © ) condition, a nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) group, a cognitive-behavioural treatment (CBT) group and a control condition. Treatments will be conducted by GPs in their practices under supervision of study monitors offering therapeutical and organisational support. Expected results: Acceptance, feasibility, and effectiveness of smoking cessation treatments offered will differ depending on GP and patient characteristics. Overall, success-rates (while success is primarily defined as abstinence from tobacco use) should be higher in all therapeutic conditions as compared to controls. In the 6-month follow-up abstinence rates are expected to be highest in the bupropion SR group. Conclusion: Results should yield indications for an improved allocation of available smoking cessation measures in primary care.


The main productive activity in the Emiliano Zapata micro-watershed (EZMW), municipality of Tamuin, in the eastern portion of the State of San Luis Potosi, is livestock. Ownership of the land is private, and productive units do not include trees in the pastures dedicated to grazing. For this reason, it is considered that the absence of trees and livestock could impair the soil conditions, threatening biodiversity and reducing the forage available to the livestock during the dry season. Because of this, there are strategies to integrate native tree species with qualities useful for grazing systems. The aims of this study are to assess the current status of livestock production systems in the EZMW and propose silvopastoral management options from the watershed perspective, that promote the conservation of natural resources and biodiversity, without affecting productivity. The focus of analysis for this study, is part of the proposals for managing forestry that have been developed in the Center for Research on Sustainable Agricultural Production Systems CIPAV, Colombia, as well as work carried out in other investigations, that they served as a basis for proposals for management of herd, soil and pastures that occur in relation to the results obtained by means of the evaluation of the practices and current conditions of productive units devoted to cattle. Different management options are proposed that include local knowledge?s about various native tree species that show useful qualities to consolidate a livestock activity that allows preserving the structure and function of the Micro-watershed.


This paper deals with the body posture Classification from EMG signal analysis using artificial neural network (ANN). The various statistical features extracted from each EMG signal corresponding to different muscles associated with the different body postures are framed using LABVIEW software. Further-more, these features are taken as the input towards the ANN classifier and thus the corresponding output for the respective classifier predicts the postures like Bowing, Handshaking, and Hugging. The performance of the classifier is determined by the classification rate (CR). The outcome of result indicates that the CR of Multilayer Feed Forward Neural Network (MFNN) type of ANN is rounded up to a percentage of 71.02%.


A general investigation of the nature of an iterative, LC lattice structure, shown to function as a transmission channel capable of carrying two distinct wave modes, is carried out. Both a uniform system and an inhomogeneous case where the capacitor values vary slowly down the lattice structure are considered. Emphasis is placed on a formal and numerical investigation of basic wave properties and their significance with regard to signal transmission, crosstalk suppression, plus the particularly interesting phenomenon of one mode converting to the other which is found to occur in the inhomogeneous case. Potential uses of the lattice such as simulated wave studies, among others, are suggested. Relations for termination impedances are derived, and special cases involving different combinations of excitation and termination conditions are considered.


The effect of proteinases, from Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei NCDO151 and from Bacillus licheniformis (Alcalase, NOVO Nordisk), on the ripening of dry sausages was compared. Increased levels of starter bacteria, d-lactic acid, a sharper pH-drop and changes in chromatographic profiles (by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry) indicated that the enzyme from Lactobacillus paracasei accelerated the dry sausage ripening. This effect was not detected in sausages with the Alcalase enzyme. Higher sensory scores on maturity flavor, color, hardness and others, confirmed that sausages containing proteinase from L. paracasei showed the same maturity after 14 days as those without enzymes or with the Alcalase enzyme after 28 days.


This study analyzed the deformation mechanism of timber houses caused by liquefaction, occurring on reclaimed land. First, a questionnaire survey was conducted among residents in an area of liquefaction damage, and then the groundwater–level distribution of this area and the questionnaire result tendencies were analyzed. Next, a detailed soil investigation was conducted in the stricken area, and a one–dimensional effective–stress analysis was performed. Finally, the effect of excess pore water pressure propagation due to liquefaction on the deformation behavior of spread–foundation structures was verified with a simple model test. According to questionnaire survey results, the groundwater level may have risen nearly to the ground level at the time of the aftershock in phases where the groundwater level was as shallow as GL-1.0 m. The seismic response analysis validated that the excess pore water pressure was generated on the boundary between reclamation soil and holocene sand stratum, and spread to the upper layer. Furthermore, the possibility that effective stress directly under housing foundations was lost by the propagation process at the time of the aftershock was considered. According to the model experiment result, settlement behavior was observed when the effective stress directly under the structure foundation decreased to 60 %. From the above results, the excess pore water pressure generated by the reclamation soil and holocene sand stratum spread to the upper layer, and it was concluded that timbered houses subsided and inclined due to liquefaction, upon receiving an aftershock where the effective stress was lost.


Abstract:Analyzing projects for union between the Armenian and Orthodox Churches in tsarist Russia, this article explores and problematizes the boundary between Orthodoxy and so-called foreign confessions. After considering plans for incorporating non-Orthodox believers into Orthodoxy from the 1820s to the 1870s, it examines discussions of Armenian-Orthodox union based on the supposition that differences between the two churches were trivial and based on "misunderstanding." The article identifies two main factors in these projects' failure: an emerging national ideology that promoted the religious reclamation of historically Orthodox communities (not including Armenians), and the foreign policy advantages of upholding the Armenian Church as a "foreign confession."


A series of criteria to evaluate exhibits used by visitors, animals and zoo staff was proposed based on the review of evaluation methods of zoo exhibits. The use of three exhibits: elephant, chimpanzee and waterbirds in Zoo Harbin was evaluated before moved by the methods of observing, interview and questionnaires. The results showed that the synthetic score of exhibit elephant was 84.1 while exhibit waterbirds got 83.5 and exhibit chimpanzee only got 58.8. Exhibit elephant and waterbirds were used effectively, but exhibit chimpanzee had problems on layout, winding, lighting and drainage, and cannot attract visitors, suit for the operation of staff and health of animals. Some suggestions on new exhibit design were proposed, such as setting up natural habitat exhibits, taking the comfortable environment and effective education of visitors into account.


This article discusses the role of cooperation between Russia and China in the energy sector in the conditions of de-dollarization. Trends in the development of relations between the two countries are formulated. Finally, it is concluded that the partnership between Russia and China is united by a common goal to resist the international system, which is dominated by the West. Their relationship is tactical and opportunistic, but increasingly compatible with economic, political and security interests.


Koridor Slamet Riyadi street becomes the main area for develop city branding the spirit of java. Its presence as the main gateway into the city to lead directly to the center of the city of Surakarta increasingly strengthened characterized as Java. The aim of this study is identify the characteristics that form and find out the role of the stakeholders that involved in develop Solo the spirit of java in the corridor Slamet Riyadi street. The result showed that the characteristics of the spirit of java formed Slamet Riyadi street consists of eight physical characteristics and four non-physical characteristics. Then from characteristics analysis are use meassure the role of stakeholders, the result is that the government in the physical characteristics indicate the role of full control, the government in non-physical characteristics indicate the role of shared control. Private sector in a physical characteristics indicate a role in the consultative and non-physical characteristics indicate the role of shared control. Then citizen in the physical characteristics indicate the role of none, while in the non-physical characteristics have a role shared control.


International climate change agreements may allow carbon stored as a result of afforestation and reforestation to be used to offset CO2 emissions. Monitoring the carbon sequestered or released through forest management activities thus becomes important. Estimating forest carbon storage is feasible even for nonindustrial private forestland (NIPF) owners, and the necessary tools are available.We developed a methodology for estimating forest carbon storage at the management unit scale and tested the impacts of hypothetical management scenarios on carbon sequestration over time. We demonstrate the procedure on two military installations in the southeastern United States and discuss some practical considerations.


In the article the results of research of quality of decision ability in judoists of various qualification are submitted. The influence of decision ability on behavior of a sportsman at competitions and results of competitive activity is shown.


Retinoic acid (RA), a well-known vitamin A metabolite, mediates inhibition of the IL-6-driven induction of proinflammatory Th17 cells and promotes anti-inflammatory regulatory T cell generation in the presence of TGF- b , which is mainly regulated by dendritic cells. To directly address the role of RA in Th17/regulatory T cell generation in vivo, we generated vitamin A-deficient (VAD) mice by continuous feeding of a VAD diet beginning in gestation. We found that a VAD diet resulted in significant inhibition of Th17 cell differentiation in the small intestine lamina propria by as early as age 5 wk. Furthermore, this diet resulted in low mRNA expression levels of IL-17, IFN regulatory factor 4, IL-21, IL-22, and IL-23 without alteration of other genes, such as ROR g t, TGF- b , IL-6, IL-25, and IL-27 in the small intestine ileum. In vitro results of enhanced Th17 induction by VAD dendritic cells did not mirror in vivo results, suggesting the existence of other regulation factors. Interestingly, the VAD diet elicited high levels of mucin MUC2 by goblet cell hyperplasia and subsequently reduced gut microbiome, including segmented filamentous bacteria. Much like wild-type mice, the VAD diet-fed MyD88 2 / 2 TRIF 2 / 2 mice had significantly fewer IL-17–secreting CD4 + T cells than the control diet-fed MyD88 2 / 2 TRIF 2 / 2 mice. The results strongly suggest that RA deficiency altered gut microbiome, which in turn inhibited Th17 differentiation in the small intestine lamina propria. The Journal of Immunology , 2010, 184: 6799–6806.


1. Three cases of hyperostosis of the skull associated with intra-osseus meningioma in the absence of gross, tumor have been presented.

2. Two of these 3 cases, represent examples of familial meningioma.


These comments are my first effort to think through, in public, some very difficult, controversial and complex questions about the transformations of American society. Because thinking is a public activity, it has to always be offered tentatively, acknowledging and even embracing the possibility of being wrong. I hope you'll think that the questions I'm raising are important ones, because I think that it is just as important to ask why they are not being raised elsewhere in our society as it is to provide answers to the questions themselves. Let me start by explaining the war referred to in my title. I want to use the image of the war to point simultaneously to two different but interconnected events, operating on different levels of abstraction. First, the war refers to the sweeping transformation of American society that has defined the last quarter of the twentieth century, a transformation, even a revolution, that has apparently enabled neoliberals and neoconservatives to work together in some unnamed common cause. It is, I believe, a potential revolution on a grand scale, a second secular reformation, as the sociologist Zygmunt Bauman describes it. The Nobel Prize-winning economist Paul Krugman puts it this way:


The 53 female herring used in this study ranged from 139 to 220 mm. standard length, and their ages, as determined on 48 fish from their scales, varied from 2 to 8 years. In this work, a two-year-old fish was one that was just starting its third season of growth. The second annulus was in the process of formation at the periphery of the scale. Most of the fish were from 2 to 4 years of age, with only a few in the 5- to 8-year age classes. These herring had been collected before any spawning had taken place. The eggs were removed from the ovarian tissue and were dried over a steam radiator until no further loss of weight could be detected with an analytical balance. The dried ova were weighed to the closest milligram. Then a subsample of about a gram was weighed accurately and the number of ova in this sub-sample was counted. Knowing the weight of the total sample, the weight of the sub-sample, and the number of ova in the sub-sample, the total number of eggs in the ovaries of each fish was calculated by direct proportion. THE RELATIONSHIP OF FECUNDITY TO LENGTH


In recent judicial reform,a clear trend is to increase Adversary system factor in civil litigation structure of our country,strengthen the position of the main parties,while,it is not difficult to find that a new trend appeared from the recent civil reform in two Law Families.Judge' directing in civil suit has played a key role.Seen from global extent,the trials have common rules to be followed;we should try ours best to take advantages of the advantages ourselves,to find the short-cut to the rule of law.Indicating obligation provide a good opportunity for reform.


Procedure for the cultivation of microorganisms of the species Thraustochytriales, wherein losmicroorganismos grown in a fermentation medium having CaCO3 as essential means laestabilizacion pH value, which is presented containing 3-15 g / l in the medium fermentation, you siendoentonces CaCO3 an essential means for the stabilization of pH value if the sum of differences of pH values, which can be measured with or without addition of acids, - in each case with addition of CaCO 3 according to the invention - esmenor or equal to 1.


Abstract Objective. This study investigated the correlation between the operation time and the stone size as determined by multiple modalities and the computed tomography (CT) densities of bladder calculi using holmium: yttrium garnet (Ho:YAG) laser lithotripsy. Material and methods. A total of 68 patients underwent cystolithotripsy from March 2010 to October 2011. Thirty-six of these patients underwent cystolithotripsy using a Ho:YAG laser for bladder calculi by a single surgeon. The stone size was assessed by six modalities: sum of the stones' diameters: stone burden; maximum stone's diameter; number of stones; sum of the area using axial CT; sum of area using kidney–ureter–bladder (KUB) films; and volume using CT. In addition, the stone's CT density was measured by: the mean CT density of the maximum stone's whole area; maximum CT density of the maximum stone's whole area; and mean CT density of the maximum stone's center area. Correlations between the operation time and the stone size and the stone CT density were assessed. Results. A total of 36 patients (30 male and six female) who underwent cystolithotripsy using a Ho:YAG laser for bladder calculi were enrolled in this study. Spearman correlation showed that the area and volume were strongly correlated with the operative time. The multipliers between the stone size and stone CT density showed no advantages based on the stone area or volume alone. Conclusion. The area and volume of the stones correlated more closely with the operation time than the stone burden for bladder calculi lithotripsy using a Ho:YAG laser.