Oracle Bone Inscription (OBI) is one of the oldest writing in the world, but of all 6000 words found till now there are only about 1500 words that can be explicated explicitly. So explication for OBI is a key and open problem in this field. Exploring the correlation between the OBI words by Association Rules algorithm can aid in the research of explication for OBI.Firstly the OBI data extracted from our OBI corpus are preprocessed; with these processed data as input for Apriori algorithm [1] we get the frequent itemset. And combined by the interestingness measurement the strong association rules between OBI words are produced. Experimental results on our OBI corpus demonstrate that our proposed method is feasible and effective in finding semantic correlation for OBI.


The present paper is concerned with the investigation of the stability of trivial solution of integro-differential equations, when their parameters are supposed as random wide-band stationary processes. With the help of Liapunov's direct method, the condition of the asymptotic stability for distributed parameter systems with respect to perturbations of initial conditions of an arbitrary form is obtained.


The invention discloses a retaining device. The retaining device adopts a form of sheath with a substantially U-shaped section, is used for retaining at least one cable extended along the structure of a flight vehicle and ensuring electrical continuity on the whole length of the cable, is fastened on the structure through a fastening mechanism, and is electrically connected to a return circuit from an equipment part of the flight vehicle. The sheath comprises at least one curve on a longitudinal axis of the sheath, wherein the longitudinal axis is substantially opposite to that of a flight vehicle body frame. The retaining device is arranged on the frame of the flight vehicle made from carbon fibers, and aims to protect an outer layer of the flight vehicle from possible contact with a damaged cable.


Practitioners delivering computer science (CS) education during the COVID-19 pandemic have faced numerous challenges, including the move to online learning. Understanding the impact on students, particularly students from historically marginalized groups within the United States, requires deeper exploration. Our research question for this study was: In what ways has the high school computer science educational ecosystem for students been impacted by COVID-19, particularly when comparing schools that have student populations with a majority of historically underrepresented students to those that do not? To answer this question, we used the CAPE theoretical framework to measure schools' Capacity to offer CS, student Access to CS education, student Participation in CS, and Experiences of students taking CS [1]. We developed a quantitative instrument based on the results of a qualitative inquiry, then used the instrument to collect data from CS high school practitioners located in the United States (n=185) and performed a comparative analysis of the results. We found that the numbers of students participating in AP CS A courses, CS related as well as non-CS related extracurricular activities, and multiple extracurricular activities increased. However, schools primarily serving historically underrepresented students had significantly fewer students taking additional CS courses and fewer students participating in CS related extracurricular activities. Student learning in CS courses decreased significantly;however, engagement did not suffer. Other noncognitive factors, like students' understanding of the relevance of technology and confidence using technology, improved overall;however, student interested in taking additional CS courses was significantly lower in schools primarily serving historically underrepresented students. Last, the numbers of students taking the AP CS A and AP CS Principles exams declined overall. © American Society for Engineering Education, 2022.


The microstructure and the distribution of hardness of Co and A1 alloy powder cladding layer in high carbon 9CrSi alloy steel for roll materials cladded by laser surface cladding were investigated. And, for the evaluation of soundness as the roll materials, we examined the wear resistance of the cladding materials with the wear appratus of pin on disc type. The experimental results showed that the microstructure of laser cladding layer was constituted with the clad surface layer, the alloy layer, the heat treatment layer with base metal. The wear resistance of Ni alloy Powder cladding material was superior to that of Co alloy powder cladding material both at the low speed (0.46m/s) and the high speed(0.92m/s). It seemed that the behavior of wear showed the abrasive wear at the early stage and the adhesive wear at the late stage.


Although uniform distribution of optical power is one of the main requirements for multi-access support in a wireless optical link, Multi Spot Diffusing Configuration (MSDC) provides uniformity along with spatial independence that allows spatial diversity techniques over the link. Independent spatial channels are generated by a multibeam transmitter producing spatially confined diffusing spots, and a multibranch receiver with narrow field-of-view branches. In this paper, we propose an orthogonal spatial coding technique that utilizes the independence of channels to reduce power and bandwidth requirements. The technique is based on treating the m channels between a transmitter and a receiver as an m-dimensional space. Thus, enabling data transmission through varying signal level and its location in space. Our study shows that using 8 channels, the proposed technique enables transmission at rates 10 and 12 times higher than combining when power per channel and user are constrained, respectively.


Recent advances in the Semantic Web community have enabled processing and exploitation of semantically annotated data by a variety of modern reasoning methods. However, there is still a deep mismatch between the requirements for reasoning on a Web scale and the existing efficient reasoning algorithms over restricted subsets. Fulfilment of those requirements can be greatly achieved by applying special techniques, which enable high-performance computing architectures to be included as a part of a sustainable infrastructure for large-scale semantic reasoning, as set up within the LarKC project that aims at providing large-scale reasoning over billions of structured data in heterogeneous data sets. In this paper, the mainstream strategies for overcoming the limitations of today's reasoning systems' scalability and performance by means of applying high-performance computing are discussed.


The present invention is mixed so that the (a) epoxy resin, (b) dicyandiamide, and (c) an imidazole compound having a jolhwan, (c) the (a) O.OO1 to 0.03% by weight of the ingredient content of the component by reacting with more than 70 ℃ less than 140 ℃ temperature in an organic solvent both components a heat conducting heat treatment to commercially available under the solvent-free process water and (d) the varnish for laminate or prepreg comprising the inorganic filler, obtained from these It relates to an electric insulating flame-retardant laminate or a prepreg and a printed wiring board for. Laminate, a prepreg, a varnish, a printed wiring board


The periodic shifting of the bifurcation point of the North Channel and South Channel of the Yangtze river is very important in the estuary. The North Channel is bifurcated from the South Branch by cutting a channel through the submerged sandbanks. Once a bifurcation channel is formed, the differences in flow conditions of the two waterways make it change rapidly and very unstable: the bifurcation point shifts gradually downstream and the bifurcation channel rotates conterclockwise, thus increasing the flow resistance to flow and accelerating the process of channel sedimentation. The range of migration of bifurcation point may reach 20 km or more. When the channel is silted up to such an extent that it is impossible to accommodate the river flow, a new bifurcation channel will be formed at a certain distance upstream. Such changes in the flow field and the channel pattern bring much trouble to navigation. The two channels, as well as the North Passage and South Passage, are all very wide, ranging from several km to more than ten km, and shoals can be found here and there in the passages and channels. The periodic shifting of the bifurcation point influences all these waterways.


ABSTRACT' PreviOUs research has demonstrated. the effectiveness of .using paraprofessional trainers in teaching students with tension headaches torelax, thus reducing the frequenci'of their.headaches. .rtechnique:for'automated self-instructed relaxation training was, . compared to aparaprofessionally trainedgroup and a no-treatment Control.group over a 3-week period, using 15colleqe students as sublects. The results of a simple -mail effects trend analysis shoWed that both paraprofessional And self-instructing groups were effective '1' xn reducing the frequency of their headaches with no: similar changes gontrol group. Follow-up evaluations were completed during final.exam week, the second. week of tbe following new semester, and after termination of the program. The frequency of headaChes for both' experimental groups remained at rates below that of frequencies dutl.ng4ipretreatment,week.. .Self-instruction andAmraprofessional tr4ininfipear to be effective and.effibient alternatives to bratiioers in view of the trend toward physiological monitoring. . .(Author/NRB)


Incremental type high-resolution encoders are widely used in NC machines to detect rotary angle or linear displacement. However, since the maximum speed of the high-resolution encoder is very low due to the limitation of response-frequency, we can not use it for high-speed NC machines. The authors solved this problem of the response frequency by using an encoder of which the wavelength is extremely long but the pitch accuracy is high enough. In general, long wave encoders require high-accuracy, high-resolution interpolators to obtain a high-accuracy, high-resolution pulse. However, the maximum input frequency of high-resolution interpolators is too low to be used for the high-speed NC machine. Therefore, the two-phase type PLL proposed by T. Emura was used to raise the input frequency of the interpolator. This two-phase type PLL has reversible characteristic for phase angle of input signal and strong ability for noise reduction. Using a long-wave, high-accuracy magnetic scale and an induction type magnetic head, we succeeded in detecting the angular position with extremely high resolution at the maximum input frequency of 360 kHz. This paper describes a high-accuracy, high-resolution, highspeed interpolator realized by two-phase type PLL.<<ETX>>


The percentages of protonation were determined for a conjugated Schiff base trans, trans-2,4-heptadienylidene tert-butylamine in the presence of 3-chloropropionic acid (CPR) and dichloroacetic acid...


The WebSocket protocol emerges to supersede existing bidirectional communication technologies that use HTTP as a transport layer. Currently, there are many network application frameworks that support the WebSocket protocol, but have different behaviors in performance of various aspects. To study and compare the performance of common WebSocket frameworks, say Netty, Undertow, Vert.x, Grizzly and Jetty, in this paper, we use concurrency test, flow test, connection test and resource occupancy test. The experiment results show that Netty and Undertow perform better in highly concurrent environments, while Grizzly is suitable for large flow conditions. The results also show that with persistent connection, Netty far outperforms other frameworks, and that Vert.x and Undertow can handle most requests within relatively shorter time. Besides, Netty and Vert.x occupy less CPU and memory resources in comparison with other frameworks.


Quasicrystals remain among the most intriguing materials in physics and chemistry. Their structure results in many unusual properties including anomalously low friction as well as poor electrical and thermal conductivity but it also supports superconductivity, which shows that quantum effects in quasicrystals can be quite unique. Here we theoretically study superfluidity in a model quantum cluster quasicrystal. Using path-integral Monte Carlo simulations, we explore a 2D ensemble of bosons with the Lifshitz-Petrich-Gaussian pair potential, finding that moderate quantum fluctuations do not destroy the dodecagonal quasicrystalline order. This quasicrystal is characterized by a small yet finite superfluidity, demonstrating that particle clustering combined with the local cogwheel structure can underpin superfluidity even in the almost classical regime. This type of distributed superfluidity may also be expected in certain open crystalline lattices. Large quantum fluctuations are shown to induce transitions to cluster solids, supersolids and superfluids, which we characterize fully quantum-mechanically.


The Holy Roman Empire had an electoral process for choosing the Holy Roman Emperor. The heritage of this unique medieval institution can be traced through from Charlemagne empire to the Ottonians. The Empire of Charlemagne had several serious problems that led to its collapse. In the wake of this collapse, the lords of Germany asserted their power and chose leaders for themselves. Between the fall of the Carolingians and the rise of the Ottonians, Germany moved toward an elected kingship with a ducal power base. Only when Otto I became emperor was there a marriage between the German electoral system and the title of Holy Roman Emperor, resulting in the Holy Roman Empire of the late medieval period.


ed as problematical rationalizations.12 The prose writers I study here would not speak so slightingly of ideas, and this would not do, without modification, as an account of their routine procedures. But theirs is certainly a prose which, at crucial moments, "makes its statement not as an idea but as an experience." To say this is to repeat what I take to be both the premise and the most important lesson of another valuable study, John Holloway's The Victorian Sage, published in 1953, but still a relevant and necessary source for any student of the great Victorian prose writers.13 In examining and illuminating the characteristic procedures of his subjects, who include Carlyle, Newman, Arnold, Benjamin Disraeli, George Eliot, and Thomas Hardy, Holloway shows that their chief instrument of demonstration and persuasion was not argument, as ordinarily understood, but the example of their own personalities, as embodied in their rhetoric, but also in anecdote, narrative, and the creation of character. Through these means the distinctively rendered experience of the author becomes an experience of the reader. Holloway's analysis attends to many things, but particularly to the sentence-by-sentence rhetorical devices through which each of these writers in dozens of small ways creates for the reader the effective illusion of argument. Going beyond Holloway, I would like to examine a series of longer and loudly central passages in which argument is not simulated but explicitly abandonedcrucial passages, often, in which the argument from experience is very clearly all there is. Timothy Peltason 991 This content downloaded from 220.127.116.11 on Sun, 09 Oct 2016 05:10:27 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms For instance, when Diogenes Teufelsdrockh, the clothes-philosopher of Carlyle's Sartor Resartus, comes to describe "the most important transaction in Life," the crucial step forward in his own dark passage through the valley of the shadow, he does so in a paragraph that turns on one mystifyingly abrupt and direct moment of narration: Full of such humour, and perhaps the miserablest man in the whole French Capital or Suburbs, was I, one sultry Dogday, after much perambulation, toiling along the dirty little Rue Saint Thomas de l'Enfer, among civic rubbish enough, in a close atmosphere, and over pavements hot as Nebuchadnezzar's Furnace; whereby doubtless my spirits were little cheered; when, all at once, there rose a Thought in me, and I asked myself: "What art thou afraid of? Wherefore, like a coward, dost thou for ever pip and whimper, and go cowering and trembling? Despicable biped! what is the sum-total of the worst that lies before thee? Death? Well, Death; and say the pangs of Tophet too, and all that the Devil and Man may, will, or can do against thee! Hast thou not a heart; canst thou not suffer whatso it be; and, as a Child of Freedom, though outcast, trample Tophet itself under thy feet, while it consumes thee? Let it come, then; I will meet it and defy it!" And as I so thought, there rushed like a stream of fire over my whole soul; and I shook base Fear away from me for ever. I was strong, of unknown strength; a spirit, almost a god. Ever from that time, the temper of my misery was changed: not Fear or whining Sorrow was it, but Indignation and grim fire-eyed


This study aims to examine the relevance of Muhammad Basiuni Imran's work, namely a book entitled the full Bidāyat al-Tauhīd fī 'Ilmi al-Tauhīd with the Islamic Religious Education (PAI) curriculum in schools. The research method used is literature study, which is an analysis of the contents of this book of monotheism and the PAI curriculum in schools. The results of the study show that this book has great relevance to the PAI curriculum in schools. Muhammad Basiuni Imran's work has a significant contribution to the Islamic Religious Education curriculum at all levels of education. This data can become information for the development of teaching materials and learning methods that are more effective and efficient. This work can be a useful reference for policy makers and educators in developing a more comprehensive Islamic education curriculum.


Enzymatic synthesis of cefaclor by penicillin acylase (PA) was carried out under kinetic control with in situ product removal (ISPR). We present a continuous acyl donor feeding strategy for enzymatic reactions. Using this strategy, the conversion of the antibiotic nucleus was improved from 65 to 91%, and the hydrolysis of phenylglycine methyl ester (PGME) was decreased. Side product (phenylglycine) production was less than half of that in the control batch. The ratio of synthesis to hydrolysis (S/H) in the process was kept stable for longer and at a higher level than in the control. This is a practical method for enzymatic synthesis of cefaclor.


ABSTRACT: This review of the life and works of Sona Rosa Burstein (1897–1971) attests to her well earned niche in the annals of anthropology, poetry and gerontology.


The introduction of expert systems technology into the audit environment has opened a new avenue of auditor legal liability. This paper examines the potential impact expert systems will have on auditor liability. The presentation of this new avenue of auditors' legal liability explores both the potential for litigation under failure of auditor/expert system collaboration to yield prudent decisions and the failure to use an available expert system. The risks evolving from failure to use an available expert system include the possibility that the system could be used against the auditor in the courtroom. While case law will ultimately determine the bounds of this liability, this paper acquaints the reader with the important legal issues involved and the varied outcomes that could emerge. It should also be noted that while the specific example presented in this paper relates to the audit profession, the legal concepts are of equivalent concern to other professions enduring broad implementation of expert systems.


The synthesis principle,material,modification etc.were discussed in this paper about α-cyanoacrylate adhesive.The best synthesis techique to get the more output is 1,3-Dichloropropane as dehydrant,pH around 8~10,temperature around 59~61℃,and influences NBR,PIBMA on viscosity and strength were discussed.


Method for picking articles in the form of individual items and / or packages, wherein the supplied articles are placed and sent in load supports target under orders to prepare, preparing and / or piling up the articles (2) provided to prepare for the order in the pattern of load bearing target (3) on supports transportable auxiliary load (6) respectively provided for preparing an order or part of an order, at least one stations picking (4) and transported the auxiliary load carrier (6), together with articles in layers and / or stacks to a loading station (5) in which the items are automatically moved as a unit articles, to a load-bearing target (3) previously positioned and used as target load supports preferably wheeled containers or pallets and transported brackets c arga auxiliary downloaded (6), if necessary, automatically to the station for picking (4) by the technical return system (7) where they are loaded again, characterized in that in the loading station (5) support auxiliary load (6), driven here by a technical transportation system (8) is collected in a transfer point (U), placing support members beneath and along with its load of articles, and moves and positioned in a state of suspension in a defined direction of transfer (Z), lifting the same time the bottom (11) of a load-bearing target (3) prepared to the bottom bracket suspended auxiliary load (6), and that the articles are passed through lateral displacement of the bottom (9) of the auxiliary load carrier (6) in transfer direction (Z), the load bearing target (3), after which the load carrier target moves down, together with its load of items rec Ibida and separated from the auxiliary load carrier, to reach a transport position and the technical transportation system (10) is conducted to the dispatching station.


It is commonly believed that scale-free networks are robust to massive numbers of random node deletions. For example, Cohen et al. in (1) study scale-free networks including some which approximate the measured degree distribution of the Internet. Their results suggest that if each node in this network failed independently with probability 0.99, most of the remaining nodes would still be connected in a giant component. In this paper, we show that a large and important subclass of scale-free networks are not robust to massive numbers of random node deletions. In particular, we study scale-free networks which have minimum node degree of 1 and a power-law degree distribution beginning with nodes of degree 1 (power-law networks). We show that, in a power-law network approximating the Internet's reported distribution, when the probability of deletion of each node is 0.5 only about 25% of the surviving nodes in the network remain connected in a giant component, and the giant component does not persist beyond a critical failure rate of 0.9. The new result is partially due to improved analytical accommodation of the large number of degree-0 nodes that result after node deletions. Our results apply to power-law networks with a wide range ofmore » power-law exponents, including Internet-like networks. We give both analytical and empirical evidence that such networks are not generally robust to massive random node deletions.« less


Although the prevalence of asthenia is unknown, a retrospective review of 805 cancer patients noted a rate of 40 percent, while five separate studies by Bruera and associates demonstrated a rate of 72 percent to 75 percent. This disparity in rates may relate to many factors, including methods of measurement, definition of asthenia, and pat ient popula t ions s tudied , but , regardless, asthenia is a disabling and debilitating symptom common among terminally ill cancer patients. The significance of asthenia in patients with advanced cancer relates to its deleterious effects on quality of life. Psychological studies have established that cancer patients with fatigue are significantly more functionally impaired, depressed, distressed, and hopeless, as well as more likely to have thoughts of suicide when compared to cohorts without fatigue. Functional impairment can be particularly emotionally injurious, further exacerba t ing depress ion and hopelessness, and precipitating anxiety and adverse behavioral changes. In fact, asthenia can be so consequential that clinicians should consider incorporating it into every medical history since many patients fail to mention it during routine evaluation.


Background/aim: Successful eradication of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection after failure of standard triple therapy is difficult. There are no guidelines on second-line therapies for H. pylori eradication failures. In the present study we investigated the efficacy of a 14-day quadruple regimen combining lansoprazole, ranitidine bismuth citrate (RBC), tetracycline and metronidazole as rescue treatment for Helicobacter pylori infection after failure of standard triple therapy combining lansoprazole, amoxicillin, clarithromycin (LAC). Materials and methods: A prospective study was designed consisting 36 patients infected with H. pylori and diagnosed with peptic ulcer or non-ulcer dyspepsia in whom triple therapy with LAC had failed. The patients were treated with quadruple therapy including lansoprazole, 30 mg twice daily, RBC, 400 mg twice daily, tetracycline, 500 mg four times daily, and metronidazole, 500 mg three times daily, for 14 days. Two months after completion of therapy, endoscopic biopsy evaluation was performed to confirm eradication. Results: Five cases who did not attend to the appointment were excluded from the study. With quadruple therapy, the H. pylori eradication rates were 58.3% by intention-to-treat analysis and 67.7% by per protocol analysis. Conclusion: The success rate of quadruple therapy with LBTM was found to be low in patients in whom standard triple therapy had failed in western Blacksea region. This finding may be explained by higher rates of metronidasole resistance in our country. We conclude that further studies about the drug resistance rates and explanation of reasons for treatment failure must be carried out.


Three talpid mutants have been described in the fowl, all of which are characterized by lethal embryonic abnormalities. As explained in a previous paper (Ede & Kelly, 1964), Cole9s talpid and talpid 3 are similar in all essential respects and show striking abnormalities in the head region, whereas talpid 2 has a relatively normal head. In all three, embryos surviving to 11 days and over show the following abnormalities in the trunk region: (1) The vertebral column is shortened. (2) The limbs are extremely short and the number of digits on each is greater than normal. (3) The viscera are ectopic, i.e. they protrude through the ventral body wall, which remains open. (4) Feather development is incomplete. (5) There is much subcutaneous oedema and haemorrhage. Instances of inherited polydactyly have always excited interest on account of the light they may throw on the origins and production of the pentadactyl limb pattern in typical vertebrate embryos.


The collapse mode of open sections is shown to be dependent on the positioning of the applied loads relative to the cross section. Torsion-warping theory provides methods for forecasting behaviour. The shape and magnitude of the energy absorption characteristics are strongly influenced by the collapse mode and the performance may be improved by triggering the mode by appropriate detail design, particularly in relation to the load connection path. For the covering abstract of the conference see TRIS 391197. (TRRL)


In a dietary study of 112 Cambridge families, 191 primary and secondary school children kept 7-day records of measured food consumption. Of 955 weekday lunches recorded, 533 (56 per cent) were school dinners. School dinners provided less than one quarter of the recommended daily amount (RDA) for energy, iron and riboflavin, and less than one third of the RDA for protein, calcium, thiamin and ascorbic acid. School dinners provided a smaller proportion of a day's nutrient intake than did other mid-day meals. Total energy intakes were lower on school-dinner days than on other week-days. Children from lower income families had larger school dinners and obtained a larger proportion of their daily nutrient intake from school dinners than did children from higher income families. School dinners played their most important nutritional role in the lower income families.


Economic and social benefit shouldn't be the only point of consideration for us when developing family farms. In Chinese agriculture progress,utilization of agricultural resources and environment protection has fallen into institutional predicament because of the deficiency of scale,specialization,and marketization,together with its lagging behind economic and social development. Based on rural families and with agricultural earning as main economic income,Family farm as a new type of agricultural subject has instinct characteristic of marketization in its business activities,and this could be a new way to get away from the predicament of agricultural resources and environment. To expand family farms there are four aspects to be considered- namely social need,scale,specialization,and marketization in order to construct economic mechanism. And another four fields- agricultural allowance, legal system,service system,and social environment—should be set up to build and perfect the development system of family farms. Then family farms have the prospect of realizing the trinity development pattern—with economy,society and ecological environment as an organic whole.


The separation and purification of 227Ac, 227Th, 223Ra, and 223Fr were studied by the solvent extraction method using HDEHP (bis(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid) as an extractant. The mutual separation of Ac, Th, and Ra was achieved, and new milking processes for 223Fr and 228Ac are presented.


Objective To establish the method for the detection of host odor selection of fleas using the Y-tube olfactometer, and to learn the host selecting behaviors of Ctenocephalides felis felis, Xenopsylla cheopis and Leptopsylla segnis between white rat and white mice, providing evidence for the study of flea host selection and the relationship of "fleas-host/human-diseases". Methods With X. cheopis used as the test insect and Y-tube olfactometer as the test device, the effect of Y-tube wind speed, the arm-tube position of the Y-tube olfactometer and test room light on the flea host selection behaviors were studied. With this method, the host selection behaviors between rats and mice of C. felis felis, X. cheopis and L. segnis laboratory populations were measured. Results It was found that in the period of detection that lasted for 20 min there was no significant differences in the selection behaviors of X. cheopis when the air flow rate was 0.6-1.5 L/min, neither were the arm-tube position of the Y-tube olfactometer and the changes in light. C. felis felis was found to have significant selectivity for rats by the established method, while X. cheopis and L. segnis had no significantly different behavior response to the rats and mice. Conclusion The host selection behaviors of fleas can be measured with Y-tube olfactometer. Host selection behaviors are helpful in understanding their host specificity and in learning the correlation of "flea-host/human-diseases".


In Rogers (1992a,b) I put forth the convertibility risk hypothesis to explain the seemingly anomalous negative relationship, depicted in Figure 1, between the expected rate of peso depreciation (forward discount) and the dollarization ratio-the ratio of Mexdollars (dollar-denominated demand deposits held in Mexican banks) to peso deposits. Estimation using either VARs (Rogers 1992b) or cointegration equations, single-equation OLS estimates, and error-correction models (Rogers 1992a) produces a statistically significant, negative relationship between the dollarization ratio and expected depreciation, which I took as evidence in favor of the convertibility risk hypothesis. Gruben and Welch (1996) examine the effect of deteriorating bank loan quality, and find (i) a negative relationship between nonperforming loans and the dollarization ratio and (ii) the conventional positive relationship between expected peso depreciation and dollarization. The first result suggests an additional factor influencing money demand in Mexico, the second is evidence against my convertibility risk hypothesis. I find some evidence for their first result, but the preponderance of evidence runs counter to the second result. Using data on the nonperforming loans ratio provided by Gruben and Welch, I reestimated (5.2M) from my paper starting in 1979 to conform with the GrubenWelch data set. The results, displayed in the first column of Table 1, indicate that there is a negative and significant relationship between changes in the dollarization ratio, l\MM, and lagged changes in expected peso depreciation, l\EM (lM is the three-month Mexican Treasury bill rate). Adding four lagged changes of the nonperforming loans ratio, /\(h, reveals that the coefficients on l\EM remain negative and significant, while the coefficients on /\(O are insignificant (column 2). I then reestimated models for the numerator and denominator of the dollarization ratio sepa-


Approximately two decades have passed since collaboration became a household word in printmaking. During that period we have been alternately beguiled, bewildered, and finally benumbed by an extraordinary avalanche of printed art embracing every conceivable outlook and, depending on one's point of view, brightening or befouling every corner of the land. We are witness to prints by sports and film personalities of our time, by comic strip artists and by naifs, by talented and by tasteless illustrators, by decorators and by some unabashed romanticizers of an America that never was. In addition to such popular and topical trivia peddled under the name of "original prints," we have also been astounded by some of the finest achievements in the history of American printmaking made by many of the leading artists of our time. Perhaps the only elements shared by these vastly differing outpourings are the uncommonly high quality of printing and the fact that the majority of these works were executed in professional...


Ibuprofen isobuthanolammonium (Zambon Group, Bresso, Italy), a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug with analgesic and antipyretic activity, possesses antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and fungi 1. We have evaluated the influence of subinhibitory concentrations (1/4 and 1/8 MIC) on several factors affecting interact ions between host and uropathogen Escherichia coli. Seven E. coli strains (MIC and MBC values ranging from 15.62 μg/ml to 31.25 μg/ml) were isolated from patients with UTIs at Laboratory of Microbiology at "L. Sacco" Teaching Hospital (Milan, Italy). Drug concentrations of 1/4 MIC inhibited fimbrial production in all the tested strains, while at 1/8 MIC three strains showed a moderate decrease in fimbriation, which was measured as capability to agglutinate human and sheep erythrocytes and Saccharomyces cerevisiae 2. These results were confirmed by Transmission Electron Journal of Chemotherapy Vol. 14 n. 3 (314-315) 2002


Abstract The ability of coupled GCMs to correctly simulate the climatology and a prominent mode of variability of the West African monsoon is evaluated, and the results are used to make informed decisions about which models may be producing more reliable projections of future climate in this region. The integrations were made available by the Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison for the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. The evaluation emphasizes the circulation characteristics that support the precipitation climatology, and the physical processes of a "rainfall dipole" variability mode that is often associated with dry conditions in the Sahel when SSTs in the Gulf of Guinea are anomalously warm. Based on the quality of their twentieth-century simulations over West Africa in summer, three GCMs are chosen for analysis of the twenty-first century integrations under various assumptions about future greenhouse gas increases. Each of these models behav...


Simple Summary This study aims to provide an updated Malaysian porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) situation after a knowledge gap of one decade. Molecular detection rates of 83.78% and 83.54% at farm and sample population level were reported, close to previous publication. However, an obvious genotype shift from genotype PCV2b to PCV2d was revealed. Substitution rate for PCV2 cap gene sequences in this study was estimated at 1.102 × 10−3 substitutions/site/year, in agreement with the high substitution rate expected from PCV2 strains. Phylogenetic clustering pattern according to the year of sample origin was observed, suggesting possible nucleotide mutation occurring over time. Concurrent circulation of different PCV2 strains within one farm and within a single individual were also observed. This study also reports detection of PCV2 antigen across all production age groups from fetuses to sows; in abattoir lung samples from clinically healthy finishers; and in the wild boar population roaming Peninsular Malaysia. These observations of high molecular detection rates in farms, clinically healthy abattoir samples and in the wild boar population; and most importantly, a new wave of genotype shift from PCV2b to PCV2d—warrant further attention on the Malaysian PCV2 situation pertinent to the control and management strategy applicable to local swine farming. Abstract This paper aims to update the molecular status of porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) in Malaysia. Firstly, the molecular detection rate of PCV2 in farm and sampled pig population were reported to be 83.78% (31/37 farms) and 83.54% (66/79 pigs) positive for PCV2, respectively. PCV2 was detected across all age groups, from fetuses, porkers to sows. Co-detection of PCV2 and PCV3 antigens was also reported at a rate of 28.77% (21/73). Secondly, PCV2 antigen was also detected in Malaysian abattoir lung samples: 18 out of 19 (94.74%) samples originating from clinically healthy finishers were tested positive. Further, this is the first study to confirm the circulation of PCV2 in the wild boar population roaming Peninsular Malaysia, where 28 out of 28 (100%) wild boar lung samples were found positive. One decade earlier, only genotype PCV2b was reported in Malaysia. This most recent update revealed that genotypes PCV2a, PCV2b and PCV2d were present, with PCV2d being the predominant circulating genotype. PCV2 cap gene nucleotide sequences in this study were found to be under negative selection pressure, with an estimated substitution rate of 1.102 × 10−3 substitutions/site/year (ssy).


A consideration of the way in which recent Irish cinema has represented the city, especially in its re-imagining of the Irish city as a place of conspicuous consumption and sexual abandon.


In this paper, we derive the dynamics of a spherical rolling robot, called BYQ-III, rolling without slipping on an inclined plane through the constrained Lagrange method. We present a state space realization of this constrained system, and develop a control algorithm for stabilizing the robot to track a desired trajectory on the inclined plane based on input-output feedback linearization. The validity of the proposed control scheme is then verified through simulation study.


The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is currently developing sediment quality criteria (SQC) for contaminants that associate with both fresh and marine water sediments and are toxic to those sediment dwelling and sediment dependent organisms. One basis for establishing SQC uses equilibrium partitioning between the sediment and pore water phases in a sediment. This is a viable approach because it deals with varying bioavailability and toxicity affects of chemicals in sediments (Di Toro, 1991). It is known that the aqueous free metal (Cd2+, Cu2*, etc.) is the bioavailable species for heavy metals.


In this study,four cell-counting methods of microscope,Fluorescence Spectrophotography,Visible Spectrophotography and Chla Containing Measurement were used to measure the amount of the exponential phase cell of Prorocentrum lima.The insightful comparison on the interrelations of the last three mentioned cell counting methods was made with the method of microscope,the results revealed the sound 1inear interrelations among them.Different growth phase of P.lima were simultaneously measured,and then growth curves were drew basis on the data from different methods.The results showed good concordance between these measurement methods.Particularly,for Visible Spectrophotography Methods,the operating procedures were simple,fast,suitable for wide cell-density ranges,batch measurements and the test sample cells were not destructed and could be reused for further research after measurement.Therefore,visible spectrophotography was convenient,high-efficiency and reliable approach for cell counting of P.lima.


The analysis of partial discharge (PD) phenomenon to cause long-term degradation of electrical insulation systems is essential to development of electrical insulation technology. The PD pattern on the relation between PD magnitude and the phase of applied voltage is well known one of the electrical insulation diagnosis methods for high voltage equipment. In the general, an acquired PD pattern from equipments is compared with accumulated data base which provides the correlation between the PD pattern and insulation status like degradation or defects. However, clarification for generation of such PD pattern based on physics is not yet of satisfactory. The PD patterns within an internal void generally consist of several PDs of continuance in half cycle within void. It became clear by the past research that the formation of the following PD differs from the first PD within one half cycles in the continuous PD's. It was considered that the following PD seems to turn to the Townsend-like PD from the Streamer-like PD under the influence of first PD. In this study, we studied the first and the following PD more in detail in terms of the PD current waveforms applying a square or triangle wave high voltage. The results suggested that the PD properties depend on applied voltage and its frequency but independent from applied offset voltage. It was also proved that the first PD provides the influence to the following PD.


Arterial smooth muscle Na+/Ca2+ exchanger-1 (SM-NCX1) promotes vasoconstriction or vasodilation by mediating, respectively, Ca2+ influx or efflux. In vivo, SM-NCX1 mediates net Ca2+ influx to help maintain myogenic tone (MT) and neuronally-activated constriction. SM-NCX1-TG (overexpressing transgenic) mice have increased MT and mean blood pressure (MBP, +13.5 mm Hg); SM-NCX1-KO (knockout) mice have reduced MT and MBP (-11.1 mm Hg). Endothelium-dependent vasodilation (EDV) is often impaired in hypertension. We tested whether genetically-engineered SM-NCX1 expression and consequent BP changes similarly alter EDV. Isolated, pressurized mesenteric resistance arteries with MT from SM-NCX1-TG and conditional SM-NCX1-KO mice, and femoral arteries in vivo from TG mice were studied. Acetylcholine (ACh) dilated TG arteries with MT slightly more than control or KO arteries, implying that SM-NCX1 overexpression doesn't impair EDV. In pre-constricted KO, but not TG mouse arteries, however, ACh- and bradykinin-triggered vasodilation was markedly attenuated. To circumvent the endothelium, PE-constricted resistance arteries were tested with Na-nitroprusside (SNP, NO donor) and 8-Br-cyclic GMP (cGMP). This endothelium-independent vasodilation was augmented in TG, but attenuated in KO arteries that lack NCX1-mediated Ca2+ clearance. Baseline cytosolic Ca2+ ([Ca2+]CYT) was elevated in TG femoral arteries in vivo, supporting the high BP; further, SNP-triggered [Ca2+]CYT decline and vasodilation were augmented as NO and cGMP promote myocyte polarization thereby enhancing NCX1-mediated Ca2+ efflux. Conclusion: the TG mouse data indicate that BP elevation does not attenuate endothelium-dependent vasodilation. Thus, in essential hypertension and many models the endothelial impairment that supports the hypertension apparently is not triggered by BP elevation but by extravascular mechanisms.


The coronavirus is menacing thousands of lives and economy. Machine learning is being used in every sphere to fight the coronavirus. It is also critical to predict the pandemic lifetime so to decide on opportune and remedial activities. In this paper, based on public data available of the world and India, the estimation of pandemic parameters and the ten days ahead forecast of the coronavirus cases is proposed using Prophet, Polynomial Regression, Auto Arima and Support Vector Machine (SVM). The performance of all the models was motivating. The four parameters for coronavirus growth in the USA and India, including growth factor, growth ratio, growth rate, and second derivative, are also calculated and compared. This paper also discusses and submits a number of theories about the origins of coronavirus.


Swarming motility,a flagella-dependent surface motility,is migratory of bacterial cells from inoculation point as a group on the surface of solid medium.In the process of swarming,vegetative cells differentiate into swarming cells with dramatic changes in shape,metabolism,and protein expression.In some species,change of pathogenicity is involved in swarming motility.Bacterial density,surface contact and physiological signals are stimulating factors of swarming motility.Key step of swarming motility is biosynthesis of flagellae,and flhDC operon is focal point of regulating net of bacterial differentiation and migration.


Blood cell labelling experiments were carried out with a series of 99mTc and 99m/99Tc nitridotechnetium(V) complexes containing dialkyldithiocarbamates, monoalkyldithiocarbamates or alkylxanthates as ligands. Distribution patterns of the radioactivity between plasma, erythrocytes and leukocytes/thrombocytes were determined suggesting that some of the compounds studied possess a potential as blood cell labelling agents. The chemical nature of the cell-bound technetium was found to be the intact TcN complex initially used.


Occlusion can be described in very simple terms as an intercuspal relationship between the set of maxillary and mandibular teeth. It plays an important role in the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases and traumatic lesions are often manifestation of faulty occlusion. Mc neil defined occlusion as the functional relationship between the components of the masticatory system, temporomandibular joint (TMJ), and craniofacial skeleton. From a research point of view, the TMJ serves primarily as a reference from which mandibular movements are duplicated. Most patients function with the built-in discrepancies in occlusion throughout their life. Periodontal treatment modalities may be required when alterations or abnormalities in the occlusal relationship place undue stress on the periodontium and TMJ, thereby causing dysfunction. The role of trauma from occlusion (TFO) in periodontal disease is still controversial. According to American Academy of Periodontology (AAP), the lesion of TFO may occur in conjunction with, or independent of, inflammatory periodontal diseases. Pathologic occlusion has been proposed as a risk factor for periodontitis. In certain cases, traumatogenic occlusion can cause periodontal destruction, and therefore, occlusal adjustment occasionally is indicated as part of periodontal therapy. The present review focuses on TFO as a risk factor and its impact on the periodontium and its treatment.


Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus is a widely used bacterium for the production of some fermented dairy products. Mild sonication intensity condition is a non-destructive technique that uses sound waves to cause cavitation in aqueous solutions and may improve the permeability of membranes, speed up the transfer of substrates and promote cellular growth and propagation. The objective was to determine the effect of mild sonication intensities at different temperatures on growth, bile tolerance and protease activity of Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus LB-12. The treatments were four sonication intensities (8.07, 14.68, 19.83 and 23.55 W/cm2) randomized at three different temperatures (4℃, 22℃ and 40℃). The energy input (1500 J) was kept constant in all treatments. Control samples did not receive any sonication treatment. Growth and bile tolerance were determined every 2 h for 12 h of incubation. Protease activity was determined at 0, 12 and 24 h. Mild sonication conditions included 1) mild sonication intensities, 2) temperatures and 3) times, all three of which played a role in influencing the desirable attributes of Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus LB-12. Of all the mild sonication intensities studied, 14.68 W/cm2 had the best overall influence at certain time points forimproving the bile tolerance and growth at 4℃ and protease activity at 40℃. Mild sonication intensity of 23.55 W/cm2 had the best overall influence at certain time points for protease activity of at 22℃. Some mild sonication conditions could be recommended for improvement of some characteristics of Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus LB-12.


In this note we give an index theory for Toeplitz operators on the Hardy space of the Shilov boundary of an arbitrary bounded symmetric domain. Our results generalize earlier work of Gohberg-Krein and Venugopalkrishna [12] for domains of rank 1 and of Berger-Coburn-Koranyi [1] for domains of rank 2. Bounded symmetric domains (Cartan domains, classical or exceptional) are the natural higher-dimensional analogues of the open unit disk. Each such domain is homogeneous under a semisimple Lie group of biholomorphic transformations and has an (essentially unique) realization as a convex circular domain which is conveniently described in Jordan algebraic terms: The underlying vector space Z « C n carries a Jordan triple product, denoted by (uyV^w) •-• {uv*w}, and the bounded symmetric domain D is the open unit ball of Z with respect to the "spectral norm" [7]. The basic example is the space Z = C of rectangular matrices, with Jordan triple product {uv*w} := (uv*w + wv*u)/2) giving rise to the "hyperbolic matrix ball" D = {z G Z: spectrum (z*z) < 1}. The symmetric domains of rank 1 are the (smooth) Hilbert balls in C n . For domains D of higher rank r, the boundary dD forms a nonsmooth "stratified space". In Jordan algebraic terms, the structure of dD can be described as follows: An element e € Z satisfying {ee*e} = e is called a tripotent. For matrices, the tripotents are just the partial isometries. Every tripotent e induces a splitting of Z into the "Peirce spaces" Z\(e) := {z G Z: {ee*z} = Xz} for A = 0 , ^ , 1 . The set


Irrigation systems are still traditionally dimensioned and managed considering that the cultivated area is homogeneous, thereby not taking into account the spatial variability of soil physical and hydraulic parameters, potentially limiting productivity. The aim of this work was to estimate the yield losses of second season maize crops when comparing the application of constant and variable complementary irrigation depths along the area, in scenarios with distinct rainfall indices, for an irrigated area in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Data of the soil parameters bulk density (ρ b ) and available water capacity (AWC) were analysed and maps of spatial variability were generated using geostatistical tools. In the sequence, water balance for the average values of ρ b and AWC and individual water balances for each pixel generated in the interpolations were determined, allowing the estimation of production losses due to the application of water depths. The water demand of the second season maize was estimated with precision for the three scenarios studied. Traditional irrigation management resulted in deficit areas and excessive depths up to 54 mm for both cases, leading to a reduction in productivity of up to 12.5%.


What is the proper relationship between physician and patient? This question sits at the heart of "A Rose by Any Other Name: Pain Contracts/Agreements." Payne and colleagues (2010) provide an exemplary explication of the challenging balance in both practice and policy of the need to avoid prescription pain medicine diversion and abuse while not making it more difficult for persons struggling with chronic pain to receive the medications they need. Physician/patient agreements are implicit and sometimes explicit within all physician/patient relationships, but deserve special attention within the context of chronic pain management. Explicit agreements or contracts are rarely utilized in acute or terminal pain management. As the authors point out, there is ample evidence opioid therapy is effective treatment for short and intermediate duration use in pain of nonmalignant origin (Eisenberg, McNicol, and Carr 2005). Opioids are also foundational therapy for pain near the end of life, and no patient should be forced to suffer on the journey towards death because of either misguided public policy or opiophobia of the physician, nurse, or pharmacist. Perhaps the relatively short duration of opioid use in these cases leads physicians to conclude that explicit agreements or contracts are not warranted. However, chronic pain management is different. The data on the effectiveness of opioid therapy in chronic pain are less robust, though many practitioners (including this physician) can report more examples of success than failure with long-term opioids for chronic pain. But unlike the acute pain patient who will cease to need opioids once the immediate cause of pain is resolved or the terminally ill patient who is destined to die relatively soon, patients requiring chronic opioids likely face an increased risk of medication error or other harm merely due to the duration of therapy (as with any chronic drug). It is less certain what role duration of therapy plays in risk of addiction as compared to other risk factors such as family history or comorbid psychiatric disorders. The possibility of drug diversion may happen anytime that opioids are prescribed (I've seen cases in which a hospice patient's opioids were taken by family members for recreational purposes), but the mere duration of chronic pain increases the opportunities for drug diversion, and thus harm to others. Although the authors point out that there is uncertainty as to how much drug diversion happens after the drug is prescribed and dispensed to the patient, there is little doubt that recreational use of opioids


The effect of temperature on biofilm formation and nitrate removal capacity of a submerged filter inoculated with activated sludge for the denitrification of polluted groundwater was studied. Tempe...


Buried Wire Gages operated from a Constant Temperature Anemometer System are among the special types of instrumentation to be used in the Boundary Layer Apparatus for Subsonic and Transonic flow Affected by Noise Environment (BLASTANE). These Gages are of a new type and need to be adapted for specific applications. Methods were developed to fabricate Gage inserts and mount those in the BLASTANE Instrumentation Plugs. A large number of Gages were prepared and operated from a Constant Temperature Anemometer System to derive some of the calibration constants for application to fluid-flow wall shear-stress measurements. The final stage of the calibration was defined, but could not be accomplished because of non-availability of a suitable flow simulating apparatus. This report provides a description of the Buried Wire Gage technique, an explanation of the method evolved for making proper Gages and the calibration constants, namely Temperature Coefficient of Resistance and Conduction Loss Factor.


METHOD FOR FORMING COLOR IMAGE IN WHICH SENSITIVE MATERIAL WITH COLORED LAYER ON A TRANSPARENT MEDIA, WATER SOLUBLE AND TO BE insolubilized BY THE LIGHT IS TREATED BY THE FOLLOWING OPERATIONS: 1 MADE ON EXPOSURE CONTACT EXHIBITOR IN THROUGH THE ORIGINAL NEGATIVE LIGHT SENSITIVE MATERIAL ACTING ON HER, THEN ON dISSOLVED AND eLIMINATED ON THE PORTION NOT FACING LAYER cOLORED IN wASHING THE MATERIAL WATER TO FORM AN IMAGE; 2 ON AND COLOR IMAGE AND FORMED WITH WATER SOLUTION OF COLOR.


The invention relates to a system and method for wirelessly extending photographing and recording functions of portable terminal. The system comprises the portable terminal and is characterized by also comprising an external photographing and recording system, wherein the external photographing and recording system is connected with the portable terminal by a wireless mode; the portable terminal is used for carrying out previewing of video recording or static photographing and sending a photographing or recording instruction; and the external photographing and recording system actuates the photographing or recording instruction, and static images or videos are stored on the external photographing and recording system. The system and the method provided by the invention have the advantages that the photographing and recording functions can be extended for the portable terminal without the photographing and recording functions; for the portable terminal with the photographing and recording functions, people can extend and upgrade the photographing and recording functions of the portable terminal without replacement of a new portable terminal on the basis of the existing portable terminal, so that the cost is greatly reduced and the requirement for high-pixel photographing and recording pursued by people is met.


We present a new formalism for describing solutions of the one-dimensional stationary Schrodinger equation in terms of the Lie group SL(3, C) and its Lie algebra. In this formalism, we obtain a universal expression for the Green function which can be used in any representation of SL(3, C) and also expressions for various quantities involving products of Green functions. Specifically, we introduce an infinite-dimensional representation of SL(3, C) that provides a natural description of multiple scattering of waves. Using this particular representation, we can derive formulas which are useful for the analysis of the Green function.We present a new formalism for describing solutions of the one-dimensional stationary Schrodinger equation in terms of the Lie group SL(3, C) and its Lie algebra. In this formalism, we obtain a universal expression for the Green function which can be used in any representation of SL(3, C) and also expressions for various quantities involving products of Green functions. Specifically, we introduce an infinite-dimensional representation of SL(3, C) that provides a natural description of multiple scattering of waves. Using this particular representation, we can derive formulas which are useful for the analysis of the Green function.


UDC 94 SOCIAL, POLITICAL AND CULTURAL LIFE IN GDR IN 1989 Vyacheslav Viktorovich Nefedov, Moscow State Pedagogical University, Moscow, Russia, Candidate of History, Fond of Help of Russian Culture Development, Vice-president; Library named after M.A. Sholokhov, referent, e-mail: email@example.com In the article the author describes the influence of "reconsruction" in USSSR on political and cultural life in GDR in 1989. The main period in eastern Germany was the resignation of the head of GDR Erich Honecker in the autumn of 1989. The author uses primary sources including the records of private diary of E. Krentz. The importance of the article is added by eyewitness testimonies.


Random amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD)methodology was used to tentatively identify DNA markers linked to cap color in four white and four brown strains of Agaricus bisporus.Three random primers(S33,S438 and S485)that amplified four specific bands(300~2000bp in size)from the four brown test strains but not the four white test strains were screened out from 500 random primers.After cloning and sequencing these specific bands,four SCAR(Sequence Characterized Amplified Regions)primer pairs were designed accordingly and used to detect SCAR markers specifically associated with brown cap color among 48(24brown,24white)A.bisporus strains.Distribution of the amplified fragments generated by the SCAR4 primer pair revealed a band approximately 1200 bp in size(designated SCAR41200)in 22 of the 24 brown strains that was absent from all the 24 white strains,indicating that SCAR41200 was closely linked to alleles responsible for the brown cap color gene in A.bisporus.


The mechanism of the polarographic reduction of griseofulvin was elucidated. The first wave is due to the 4′-carbonyl group reduction, and the second to the C′2-C′3 ethylenic linkage reduction. Substitution into the 2′- and 3′-positions of griseofulvin or isogriseofulvin C ring, shifts appreciably the half-wave potential values.


While academic discourse communities have been extensively studied as social contexts of forms/ functions, and teachers, lessons, and students have been researched from every imaginable angle, the prevailing view of academic writing conventions is still quite normative. The conventions of the academy are often regarded as a stable collection of formal rules and objects that can be taught explicitly. For novices, however, learning such conventions constitutes a curriculum in the use of cultural objects. And while there might be general agreement that all curricula are cultural, how they are has not been so closely considered in the literature. Few studies of teaching and learning academic writing consider the unspoken, taken-for-granted assumptions and competencies that underlie conventional objects (e.g., thesis statements, main ideas, evidence, etc.). Using naturalistic inquiry, this study describes the efforts of a group of international undergraduate students and their teacher (the researcher) as they undertake the first assignment writing a summary in an introductory college-level writing class. Findings suggest that when faced with following instructions for writing tasks that are riddled with cultural assumptions, some novices may need to write their way into making sense of their lessons before they can recognize the curriculum of judgments that underlie them.


The utility model discloses a limb interventional therapy postoperation catheter fixing device, and belongs to the technical field of medical instruments. The device comprises a fixing belt and a pressurization air bag, wherein a catheter insertion hole is formed in the middle of the fixing belt; two air storage bags are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the catheter insertion hole; the air storage bags are movably connected with the pressurization air bag through a gas guide pipe connector; an air inlet is formed in one end of the pressurization air bag, and a gas guide pipe is arranged at the other end of the pressurization air bag; a switch is arranged on the gas guide connector; and a sticking buckle is arranged on the outer surface of the fixing belt. Compared with the prior art, the limb interventional therapy postoperation catheter fixing device is simple in structure, reasonable in design and easy and convenient to operate; the catheter can be fixed through the fixing belt and pressurized properly through the pressurization air bag, and firmness and safety for catheter fixing are increased; pains of a patient can be relieved, the stability of the built-in catheter can be enhanced as well, the catheter is prevented from swinging, and pains and infection of skin of the patient are avoided; and the limb interventional therapy postoperation catheter fixing device is applicable to catheter fixing after a limb interventional therapy operation.


This paper critically reviews a vast array of literature on the costs of crime and common violence. Using a simple economic model of crime as a theoretical benchmark, we conceptually discuss the estimates available and their potential use as inputs for public policy. We present current methodologies, explore their main results, discuss their limitations, and suggest directions for further research.


To the Editor In a recent case report, Gardner and Royster describe airway collapse during general anesthesia in a 19-yearold with a large anterior mediastinal mass. Although their suggestions of immediate availability of a rigid bronchoscope and consideration of access for cardiopulmonary bypass seems justified by their experience, I was left wondering why this 19-year-old with a likely curable disease was subjected to such a treacherous and nearly lethal procedure in the first place when an extrathoracic node was available for excision under local anesthesia, and which in fact was accomplished the following day. Anesthesiologists are physicians, not merely technicians, and a thorough preoperative evaluation by a physician experienced in the management of anterior mediastinal masses should have revealed the accessibility of the cervical lymph node. A discussion with the surgeon and referring physician regarding the possibility of performing a cervical lymph node excision under local anesthesia would have been a well-reasoned and safer course of action. Clearly, some patients with a large anterior mediastinal mass do not have extrathoracic adenopathy and will require consideration of intrathoracic biopsy and the possibility of invasive circulatory support, but this course of action is not supported or warranted for the patient described in the case report.


Polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS) is a common disease of women in childbearing age. The pathogenesis of the disease is still not very clear as so far, it may be associated with genetic, environmental factors. The article reviewed from etiology, diagnosis and treatment of PCOS for summary in clinical progress.


The invention discloses a pressure buckle structure used for jewelry connection and a bracelet. The pressure buckle structure is provided with two to-be-connected parts used for connecting a jewelry body; one side of each to-be-connected part is provided with a tongue extending into an adaptive cavity at the other side of the to-be-connected part, and the tongue is in buckling connection with the adaptive cavity; and the rear end of each tongue is provided with an extending part fixed in a notch of the to-be-connected part at one side through a hinged shaft, and a button part which is arranged on a part body at the notch is used for driving the tongue to rotate a preset angle around the hinged shaft so as to release the buckling connection between the tongue and the adaptive cavity. According to the pressure buckle structure used for the jewelry connection and the bracelet, a tongue-turnable structure is adopted, so that the adaptive angle and simplicity in assembly of the two to-be-connected parts are increased, the processing efficiency is improved, and the high-quality feeling of jewelry products is promoted.


Abstract : The dynamic subgrid scale model is used in large-eddy simulation of the stratified Ekman layer. Results from direct numerical simulations (DNS) for the neutral Ekman layer were used to test model efficacy. Three dimensional test filtering was employed in the dynamic calculation. A significant increase in accuracy was observed in the neutral layer when this filtering was employed, as compared to filtering only in planes parallel to the surface. The model shows the ability to model both unstable and stable regions, and its effect vanishes where stratification strongly quenches the turbulence.


The present study was to evaluate diversification of crayfish populations based on length and weight measurements. Crayfish were collected from natural stock with fyke-net at five different populations of Turkey in the lakes Iznik (IL), Egirdir (EL) and Sera (SL) as well as Hirfanli Dam Lake (HD) and Keban Dam Lake (KL) from June to July, 2008. The mean length, weight and hepatopancreas moisture content (HM, %) of the individuals sampled from different regions were found in order from largest to smallest as EL>HD>KL>IL>SL, EL>HD>KL>SL>IL and IL>KL>HD>KL>SL, respectively. In this study the median value of b coefficient, describing growth type from length-weight relationship, of five populations was 3.08, and fifty percent of the values were fell between 2.72 and 3.75. The growth types in these populations were determined as isometric, except in Keban Dam Lake (positive allometric). DFA (Discriminant Function Analysis) showed that there were no significant differences among the populations, meanwhile 53.06 % dissimilarities between populations was driven by length and HP with the contribution of 60.18% and 39.82% (based on SIMPER analysis), respectively. Although results from b coefficients, HM values and DF analysis of populations may reveal that their environmental conditions and growth types were similar in a certain extent, many more data taken from at least one-year sampling period is highly recommended for better understanding on factors that influenced the growth of its crayfish structure.


additional information about findings in the whole study (not all the studies do this) and Chapter 7 excels in its practical applications section. By focusing on EFL, this book helps to bridge a gap in a field full of ESL focused studies and reminds readers of the broad reach that CA has. With a focus on learning, teaching and testing, this volume provides unique case studies, which inform teachers, administrators, as well as language policy, which ultimately benefits the learners in EFL contexts.


Using contemporary people as proxies for ancient communities is a contentious but necessary practice in anthropology. In Southern Africa, the distinction between the Cape KhoeSan and eastern KhoeSan remains unclear as ethnicity labels are continually changed through time and most communities were extirpated. The eastern KhoeSan may reflect an 'essentialistic' biological distinction from neighbouring Bantu-speaking communities or it may not be tied to 'race' and instead denote communities with a nomadic 'life-way' distinct from agro-pastoralism. The BaPhuthi of the 1800s in the Maloti-Drakensberg, Southern Africa had a substantial San constituency and a life-way of nomadism, cattle raiding, and horticulture. The BaPhuthi heritage could provide insights into the history of the eastern KhoeSan. We examine for the first time genetic affinities of 23 BaPhuthi to distinguish if KhoeSan ancestry reflects biologically distinct heritage or a shared life-way. Data were merged with 52 global populations. The Principle Component Analysis, ADMIXTURE clustering and F3 tests show no support for a unique eastern KhoeSan ancestry distinct from other KhoeSan or southern Bantu-speaking communities. The BaPhuthi have strong affinities with Nguni communities, as the non-Nguni show strong evidence of recent African admixture possibly related to late-iron age migrations. The BaPhuthi may have an interesting connection to the early iron-age Bantu-speaking communities as MALDER detected no signals for late-iron age admixture. We demonstrate how the 'essentialistic' understanding of references in historic literature creates misconstrued notions of ethnic/biological distinctions when 'San' and 'Bushman' may have reflected ambiguous references to the non-sedentary polities and practices.


Objective To detect the allergen spectrum characteristics in asthmatic bronchitis infants,and provide scientific basis for clinical treatment of asthmatic bronchitis.Methods:EIA(enzyme immunoassay) was used to detect both specific serum inhal and ingest antigen individually.The data were analyzed with statistics.Results:(1)The total positive rate of asthmatic bronchitis infants,healthy infants and pneumonia infants were 100%,76.7% and 6.7%(χ2=118.484,P0.05),respectively;(2)There was significant difference in different aged infants to inhaled allergens,especially the rate of todder(3岁) was higher(χ2=15.749,P0.05),but there was no significant difference in food allergy positive rat.(3)The positive rates of elm,willow,poplar,wormwood,artemisia genus combination in wheezy toddler were higher than wheezy infant;The positive rates of milk,egg yolk and egg white were the highest in food allergen,the positive rate of milk in infant was higher than toddler.Conclusion:Elm,willow,poplar,milk,egg yolk and egg white were the common allergen in our area.With the increase of age,food allergy reactions decreased,inhalation allergy reactions increased.Allergen spectrum characteristics was different with area and age.【


Provided is a composition containing a crosslinking agent and at least one type of resin comprising a polyimide precursor, a polyimide, a polybenzoxazole, and a polybenzoxazole precursor, said composition having an excellent storage stability. Further provided are a cured film using the composition, a method for manufacturing a cured film, a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device, and a semiconductor device. The composition contains: at least one type of resin comprising a polyimide precursor, a polyimide, a polybenzoxazole precursor, and a polybenzoxazole; a crosslinking agent; a first solvent that dissolves the resin in a proportion of at least 5 mass% at 25°C, said first solvent being selected from alcohols, esters, ketones, ethers, sulfur-containing compounds, carbonates, and ureas; and a second solvent that has a solubility parameter distance of 3.0-11.0 from the first solvent.


There is a real need in biomechanics to provide objective quantifiable parameters associated with free swimming to enhance the swimming performance of elite athletes. Active drag and propulsion profiles, with synchronised video footage of performance, are used at the Australian Institute of Sport (A.I.S.). The A.I.S. ATM assisted and resisted active drag system is used to achieve the above goal in real time. An active drag workshop was held at the A.I.S. to investigate the protocols and procedures that are used in the system and provide recommendations which if implemented would improve the system's accuracy and efficiency. This paper addresses the suggestions provided by those world leaders of active drag research who were in attendance, in order to improve the capabilities of the A.I.S. ATM active drag system.


An inverse recall neural network model and a feedback pattern recognition method based on the model are proposed. The inverse recall neural network model is trained by the same method as that used for a typical multilayer feedforward model. The model can produce an inverse mapping of the trained feedforward mappings to show the parts of an input pattern. The model is applied to the feedback recognition method which can extract features from input patterns and discriminates between them by the inverse recall neural network model. The feedback recognition method adjusts feature extraction parameters so as to detect the important parts shown by the neural network model in order to present them to the network, and to produce more certain recognition results. This method is examined on handwritten alpha-numerics. It is found that rejection ratio can be reduced by half at the same error ratio.<<ETX>>


At the time of the writing of this book rheumatic diseases were second in the United States only to diseases of the heart in causing loss of time from work. Dr. Cobb assembles in this volume a summary of the epidemiologic information on this group of ailments.


The effect of pH on the denaturation profile of sardine ordinary and dark muscle myofibrils un der various storage conditions was investigated by measuring Mg2+-ATPase activity and solubili-ty. Storage at O℃ for 2 days gave rise to two activity maxima both in the presence and of Ca2+, one at pH azound 7.5 and another at pH and the highest Ca-sensitivity at pH of muscle type. days of storage , the remaining activities were maxi- mal pH around either in the Ca2+,while extremely 5.5 and 7.5 for both myofibrils. When myofibrils were incubated 35℃ 30 min ,Mg2+-ATPase activities in the presence and absence of Ca2+were both increased with the maximum values at pH 7 for ordinary muscle and at pH 7.5 for dark muscle myofibrils . Ca-sensitivity of ordinary muscle myofibrils almost disappeared while that of dark muscle to some extent remained , especially in alkaline pH range. There was no marked change in solubility and SDS-PAGE pattern of soluble protein fraction throughout pH examined with both myofibrils stored either at 0 or-20℃. The solubility of ordinary muscle myofibrils decreased SDS-PAGE pattern showed myosin chain in the soluble protein The solubility of dark muscle myofibrils also decreased considerably,


Carbonate reservoirs contain a significant amount of the world's oil reserves but recoveries are typically less than 50%. It is now well accepted that some of the remaining oil can be recovered by diluting, or modifying, the ionic composition of the injection brine in a process termed controlled salinity waterflooding (CSW). However, the underlying physical mechanisms responsible for CSW are still ambiguous and there remains no universally applicable method to identify candidate reservoirs, predict or model additional recovery or optimise the ionic composition to maximise recoveries. The zeta potential is a measure of the electrostatic force at an interface. Recently, there has been significant interest in the changes in the electrostatic forces at both the mineral-brine and crude-oil brine interfaces during CSW, and many of the models suggested to control CSW are predicted to cause changes in the zeta potential. Here we report on a large suite of Zeta potential data obtained using the streaming potential method. This method allows for measurements on intact rock cores at reservoir representative conditions of brine salinity, temperature and wetting state. The method can also be adapted for coreflooding experiments to directly link measurements of zeta potential, to observations of improved oil recovery (IOR). In formation brines, the zeta potential is typically positive and small in magnitude. Of all the samples we have tested, only one has exhibited a negative zeta potential in formation brine. In seawater, low salinity brine or diluted seawater, the zeta potential is typically negative and increases in magnitude with increased dilution. Temperature has an inconsistent effect on the magnitude of the zeta potential and how it changes during dilution, and the above observations apply regardless of temperature. We conclude that dilution of the injection brine, as in conventional low salinity waterflooding, yields a more negative zeta potential at the carbonate-brine interface. Wettability alteration with crude oil causes a measurable change in the sample zeta potential. Some samples become more positive whilst others become more negative, although the magnitude and direction of change depend on the specific sample, aging brine and temperature. The direction of change correlates with the oil-wetness of the sample and we interpret the change in zeta potential to be reflective of the polarity of the crude oil-brine interface: if the sample zeta potential becomes more positive after aging then we interpret a positive zeta potential at the oil-brine interface, and vice-versa. During conventional CSW, where increasingly dilute brines are injected yielding a more negative zeta potential at the carbonate-brine interface, we find that samples interpreted to have a negatively charged oil-brine interface invariably yield IOR whereas samples interpreted to have a positively charged oil-brine interface do not. We conclude that IOR is observed only if the change in zeta potential at the carbonate-brine interface is of the same polarity as the oil-brine interface, creating an electrostatic repulsive force that acts to stabilise a thin water film between the carbonate surface and the oil droplets. Stabilisation of the water film leads to more water-wet mineral surfaces and IOR. Reversing the injection brine sequence to inject increasingly more concentrated brines yields a more positive carbonate-brine zeta potential, and we observe IOR in those samples where the oil-brine interface was interpreted to be positively charged, further supporting this conclusion. We correlate the amount of additional oil recovered upon injection of a modified salinity brine with the change in zeta potential caused by CSW, the change in zeta potential caused by wettability alteration, and the oilwetness of the sample. Across all the samples and crude oils we have tested, only one experiment has been inconsistent with the hypothesis that IOR correlates with increasing electrostatic repulsion between carbonate-brine and oil-brine interfaces. This sample was aged in low salinity brine and the sample zeta potential became less negative after wettability alteration, implying a positively charged oil-brine interface. Upon injection of a more concentrated brine, no IOR was observed. However, the sample zeta potential was initially negative, so it is possible that the oil-brine zeta potential was also negative, but of smaller magnitude than the mineralbrine zeta potential, thus yielding a less negative sample zeta potential after aging. This highlights a potential ambiguity in the interpretation of the oil-brine zeta potential via the streaming potential method as applied here. We observe certain crude-oils that exhibit both positive and negative polarities depending on the aging conditions used. The polarity of the oil-brine interface can change depending upon the crude oil, the aging brine, the temperature and in some instances, the core sample. We highlight the importance of the zeta potential of the oil-brine interface and the need for new methods to determine the oil-brine zeta potential at conditions relevant to CSW.


Although the Counseling Evaluation Inventory and the Counselor Rating Form are frequently used among researchers studying clients' perceptions in counseling-therapy, few data are available on the relationship of these measures to outcome with real-life clients and on their relationship one to another. 49 clients of a university consultation center serving a broad community were seen by 25 practicum therapists for an average of 20 sessions. Clients completed both measures and a 21-item improvement measure at the conclusion of therapy. All test dimensions showed significant positive association with perceived improvement; therapeutic climate and perceived trustworthiness and expertness yielded the highest correlations. Among treatment variables examined, number of sessions correlated significantly with perceived improvement but not with test dimensions. Clients' and therapists' ratings of improvement were compared and indicated significant moderate agreement. Intrascale correlations indicated all dimensions of each measure were significantly interrelated. In general, the Counselor Rating Form variables were more highly interrelated than variables of the Counseling Evaluation Inventory. Interscale correlations indicate some interdependence of variables on the tests particularly with regard to perceived expertness, satisfaction, climate, and trustworthiness. Further study of common dimensions underlying the two scales seems warranted.


If one can learn all of medicine from the detailed study of one disease, may we not also learn some truth about all of medical practice from careful study of the changes in medical practice concerning one disease? The intervention of over 80% of the state legislatures into the patient-doctor relationship, with legal directions to the physicians, has produced interesting changes, worthy of juxtaposition for analysis. Consider who is the better physician—the one who recognizes signs of retarded development in a young, fair-haired child and selectively orders laboratory studies to establish the diagnosis of phenylketonuria; or the physician who receives a note in the mail that one of his newborn patients has hyperphenylalanemia and who then refers his patient to a doctor at a special center for diagnosis and treatment of phenylketonuria? Who would argue with the conclusion that the diagnostician is the better physician since the second physician's referral


Tumour recurrence in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) occurs in 50% of patients and is a leading cause of mortality in these patients. To understand the biological determinants of tumour recurrence, tumour initiation in a xenotransplant NOD/SCID mouse was used. The investigation of tumour initiation for 6 HNSCC cell lines found tumour initiation was highly inefficient, requiring 1x104 to 3x105 cells to form a tumour. To understand the observed inefficiency in tumour initiation, the major biological determinants of tumour initiation were investigated. The major biological determinants include i) the inherent tumour initiating activity of the tumour cells and ii) the influence of the tumour microenvironment. By using the NOD/SCID mouse the immune system was excluded as a microenvironmental constraint in tumour initiation. Moreover, no effect on tumour initiation was observed with the addition of normal stromal cells such as human dermal fibroblasts (HDF) and normal epithelial cells, human epidermal keratinocytes (HEK). These findings indicated that factors other than the immune system or the presence of human fibroblasts or keratinocytes were responsible for the poor tumour initiating efficiency of the HNSCC cells. Therefore, cell based models of tumour initiation were investigated to determine whether the inherent tumour initiating activity of the cells was responsible for inefficient tumour initiation. To examine the inherent tumour initiating activity of the cells, the cancer stem cell (CSC) model and the clonal evolution (Stochastic) model were used. It was found that the HNSCC cell lines all expressed putative CSC markers however, the expression of these markers did not relate to the tumour initiating activity of the cell lines. To determine whether a rare population or most cells could form a tumour, clonal populations were isolated from 3 HNSCC cell lines. These clonal populations of cells were all able to form a tumour in a cell number dependent manner. However, the Detroit 562 and SCC 15 clones varied in their ability to form tumours, being both more and less tumourigenic than the parental cell line. Further investigation of the Detroit 562 clones demonstrated the functionally distinct clones were genetically distinct and able to interact with one another. The clonal populations were found to interact with one another to enhance the inherent tumour initiating activity of the clones. Moreover, the differently tumourigenic clones had a unique genetic profile. The most tumourigenic of the clones was found to up-regulate GPx2 and Ceacam6 and down-regulate interferon (IFN) responsive genes when compared to the least tumourigenic of the clones. Investigation of the differential expression of these genes indicated only Ceacam6 expression was able to modulate tumour growth in vivo. Moreover, Ceacam6 expression was detected in HNSCC patient samples indicating the expression of Ceacam6 in the HNSCC cell lines was representative of patient HNSCC. Therefore, tumour initiation in the HNSCC cell lines is a complex interplay between the clonal populations present within the cell line and the expression of Ceacam6 also plays an important role in the behaviour of the cells.


A study was conducted on the features,curriculum systems and modes of teaching in the discipline of philosophy of science at ten universities as listed among the top 50 in an authoritarian 2007 international ranking of universities.It was found that the studies of philosophy of science at these universities emphasize original research and adopt multiple approaches centered on the discipline,students and society.The findings may shed meaningful light on the studies of philosophy of science in China.


As per our discussion of the other day, we are enclosing some of the experience that we have had in manufacturing the above alloy, so that the representatives of the Du Pont Company and the American Foundry and Machine Company might be assisted in the design of the equipment which they will need in their production. All of the alloy which we have been manufacturing has been melted and cast in a vertical type furnace equipped with a Kinney mechanical pump. No oil or other type diffusion pumps are used to supplement the vacuum provided by the mechanical pump. No traps have been used in the vacuum line, an ordinary Hoffman type air filter being the only medium used to trap particles from the vacuum stream. Our furnace, of which we can supply a blueprint, consists essentially of a micarta tube mounted with adequate seals to a straight carbon steel water-cooled top and a carbon steel bottom with extension. Ordinary large diameter pipe connects the mechanical pump to the vacuum furnace. An induction coil is mounted inside of the micarta tube, and it is insulated from the crucible by a zircon ramming mix. High vacuums, in the technical sense, aremore » not attained at any time during the melting operation. Pressures of the order of 200 to 400 microns are ordinarily developed.« less


The poem is also notable for its competent handling of an intricate verse form and a sure sense of rhythm unusual for its time. The line is a septenary with double internal rhyme, and six lines are combined to form a stanza aaaabB, with a recurrent refrain. The form is found in Latin in the thirteenth century, and often in English from the fourteenth century onwards.6 In contrast to much other verse at the end of the fifteenth and beginning of the sixteenth century, the rhythm has a sure A ow. The basic pattern is iambic, but variety is introduced by substituting two unstressed syllables for a single unstressed syllable in any position. Only in four places (ll. 83,gg, 104, and 1 5 3 ) do headless part-lines occur, and these could be the result of textual corruption?


The Fluidized Catalytic Cracking (FCC) is one of the most used transformation processes in petroleum refining industry, which objective it is the conversion of heavy petroleum fractions into light products with more demand in market and more added value, as is the case of gasoline. However, in last years the demand for gasoline has decreased while propylene demand has increased, a raw material of petrochemical industry. For these reasons, there is the necessity to increase the conversion of heavy hydrocarbons in light olefins, mainly in propylene and butene, which has resulted in a modification of the FCC process in refineries. FCC process that uses zeolite catalysts to promote the molecular cracking reactions, so it is considered a heterogeneous catalytic process. The FCC catalysts have as main component the Y zeolite, which pores and crystalline structure is very well defined. This zeolite is responsible for the cracking of high weight molecules. The other type of zeolite used in FCC catalysts is ZSM-5, generally used as an additive. This one has smaller pores than Y zeolite and it is responsible for the selectivity in light olefins. It is through the increase of the concentration of ZSM-5 and through the development of the new catalysts that it will be possible to maximize the propylene production. Thus, it is necessary to study the FCC process and optimize its conditions. Therefore, the objective of this work is to develop a FCC catalyst deactivation process, more specifically, a deactivation process of ZSM-5 additive, that is used in the catalyst composition to promote the selective cracking. This way it is intended to simulate real operating conditions of the refinery in laboratorial level. So in the future it will be possible to study the effect of different FCC variables in propylene production with the objective to maximize it. Key-words: FCC, catalytic cracking, propylene, catalysts, zeolites, ZSM-5, deactivation.


Mitigating the adverse effects of climate change and worldwide urbanization is one of the main tasks of local authorities and city managers. As a long-term solution, urban and periurban forests have the potential to mitigate the impacts of climate change by providing ecosystem services such as removing air pollutants, mitigating the urban heat islands, storing carbon, regulating local climate, limiting the risk of flooding, reducing noise levels, and improving the physical and mental health of citizens and their welfare. To promote, conserve, and enhance the benefits offered by the periurban forests, it is needed to adequately describe the forest ecosystems state, and understand well their structure and functionality. The objective of this study was to investigate the structure, diversity, and health status of one of the main periurban forest in Bucharest. In 2015 and 2020, biophysical measurements (diameter at breast height, total height, wood quality, cenotic class) and assessments of forest health status were conducted in a permanent sample monitoring network (PSMN). This PSMN consists of 46 sample plots located in the periurban Stefănești forest near Bucharest, Romania. The calculation included tree characteristics and stand volumes, while the tree species diversity was characterized using the Shannon (H) and Gini (G) indexes. Our study confirmed that higher diversity indexes of tree species and variability amongst the biometric characteristics at forest stand level sustain ecosystem resilience and adaptability to climate change, simultaneously bolstering their capacity to provide various ecosystem services. The gained insights are critical in helping forest managers, policymakers, and any stakeholders in the effort to evaluate and model the ecosystem services.


In this paper we have studied the compound ultra-hyperbolic equation of the form ∑ c r r u(x) = f(x),


changes of chronic pyelonephritis when they developed their acute pyelonephritis. Unfortunately the quality of many of the old radiographs, when they exist, is too poor to prove this assumption. An acute upon chronic pyelonephritis in a young woman would appear to be disastrous. In conclusion, I would like to encourage more sympathy and attention for the young woman with symptoms of frequency and dysuria: even when the urine is sterile, these symptoms are a sign that something is wrong. We may not be able to find what is wrong but at least we should try.


A 3-dimensional nonlinear method for the analysis of underwater line structures is presented. This analysis method is formulated by the finite element method and the dynamic behaviour of the structures is solved by the time domain. The motion equations are solved by Newmark time integration scheme. The method can handle all nonlinearities relating to the dynamic motion of the line structures such as hydrodynamic nonlinearity, geometrical nonlinearity, nonlinear boundary condition and so on. The Newton method is employed to improve stability of iteration solution when a dynamic equilibrium condition is obtained. The computational methods has been verified through comparison with model tests conducted by the authors. These tests required the development of a general purpose ultrasonic ranging system, which is described briefly. Usually high accuracy is required for the ranging system because of small size of models used in basin test, and high frequency is employed. By this system, co-ordinates of maximum 16 points can be determined at accuracy of 1 mm.


We use coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations to perform tensile test deformation on glassy and rubbery polymer samples using two types of driving for the deformation. We compare the outcome from a standard homogeneous deformation procedure with that of a boundary driven procedure in which the sample is driven by the nanometric equivalent of grips. No significant difference is observed in both uniaxial and triaxial tensile experiments. Implications for testing the behavior of nonhomogeneous polymer materials are briefly discussed.


Oxidation of 1,3-thiazole-5(4H)-thiones with meta-chloroperbenzoic acid (mPCBA) in ether at 0 °C leads to the corresponding thionoxides (sulfides) in very good yield. The structure has been established by X-ray crystallography.


By providing an in-depth analysis of contemporary urbanization, an understanding of the dimension of the phenomena and its cause-effect mechanism, this book maps how ecologically-compatible planning in the contemporary city may successfully design a healthier environment.


Objective To study the effects of manganese chloride on morphological testis of mice,and explore the dose-effects,and time-effects.Methods The mice were randomly divided into three treatment groups with manganese chloride(7.5,15.0,30.0mg/kg) and 1 control group with NS,after 5 different periods(3,7,14,28,56d) i.p.administration MnCl2(7.5,15.0,30.0mg/kg),the morphological changes of mice testis,were observed,cross section area of seminiferous tubule and quantity of seminiferous epithelium cells were investigated after 56d of manganese exposure.Results As compared with control group,damage of mice testis was serious with increase of dose and time exposed to manganese;After 56d of manganese exposure,cross section area of seminiferous tubule and quantity of seminiferous epithelium cell as compared with control group,the difference had statistical significance(P0.01).Conclusions It was suggested that MnCl2 might damage testis tissue of mice,It was the most serious in 30mg/kg group after 56d of manganese exposure;7.5mg/kg.manganese chloride might damage seminiferous tubule and seminiferous epithelial cells.


THE EGGSHELLS' PHYSICAL CONDITION OF BROWN CHICKEN EGGS AT PINASUNGKULAN MARKET MANADO. A study was conducted to examine the eggshells' physical condition of fresh-brown chicken eggs (table eggs) at the Pinasungkulan market, in Manado city. The variables taken were egg weight in three general size categories (small, medium and large) and eggshells condition (cleanliness, smoothness/ texture and color). The averages egg weight of the fresh-brown chicken eggs in three size categories made by egg sellers were 51.57 grams for small size eggs, 62.03 grams for medium size eggs and 70.68 grams for large size eggs, respectively. The eggshells' condition values of freshbrown eggs were from slightly clean to clean (3.58 3.82) on cleanliness; from slightly smooth to smooth (3.64 3.85) on texture; and from slightly faded to brown (2.79 3.85) on color. T-test paired was showed that the eggshells' physical condition of small size eggs was better than that of medium size and large size eggs seen from their eggshells' cleanliness, smoothness/ texture and their color, It found also that the egg seller in Pinasungkulan Market, Manado had not been carefully made and well standardized the egg size or egg weight categories.