Complex systems such as flexible manufacturing systems and traffic systems typically evolve with alternating periods of transient and nearly steady-state behavior; such systems often show suboptimal performance. Thus, it is desirable to optimize the system's performance on-line by adjusting the system's parameters properly before a performance drop is to occur. To this end, the system's future evolution is assessed in advance repeatedly by means of on-line simulation. However, there are several problems accompanying this approach, particularly the demand of real-time decisions, that have not been sufficiently solved yet. Aiming at studying the dynamics of on-line control as well as its impact on the system's operation, we built a stochastic Petri net model that simulates online control of a simple open queueing network as it performs by means of on-line simulation. The system under control is easy to study since it has known properties and can be considered as part of a manufacturing system; jobs arriving at the system have to be dispatched to one of two machines, each providing a queue for jobs waiting to be processed. The processing times of the machines are deterministic or stochastic, while the jobs' arrival times are stochastic. With on-line simulation, the system's future performance is assessed by virtually dispatching a new job to either of the machines, based on the system's current state; the results are compared and thus lead to the real decision concerning to what machine the new job should be dispatched in order to minimize the work in progress. In this work, we compare the quality of on-line control with that of other policies such as random choice and join the shortest queue. INTRODUCTION


The article covers the problems of the shaping of the environment as well as living conditions in urban areas. Social needs, which are changing in time, make it necessary to adapt urban development to contemporary functional requirements. Such actions are particularly difficult in downtown areas where the interference concerns well located and preserved architectural and urban complexes. Directing attention to the areas of strict center of Czestochowa is not accidental. It is a city of importance to Polish history. It also belongs to the culture-creating sites for the nation. From so well preserved urban complexes there are required solutions arising from the uniqueness of the place and the role it fulfills – in this case: the city of pilgrimage, an academic center and a tourist destination. The search for strategy and tactics of quality raising of the downtown areas should cover both the urban context and historical and contemporary background of the city. The paper presents examples of attempts to acquire urban space in reference to the main urban assumption of the city of Czestochowa.


This essay analyzed the profoundly affection of Internet on population quality,quantity and configuration.Some of them are positive,and the other are negative,but Internet is generally in favor of population development in China.


India's leading women's groups held a noisy demonstration outside the health ministry on World Population day last week against the introduction of contraceptives that they considered hazardous. They also demanded the withdrawal of "coercive" population policies in several states.

It followed the announcement last month by the health minister, C P Thakur, that the long acting injectable contraceptive norethisterone would be introduced on a trial basis in 12 medical college hospitals across India.

But Brinda Karat, general secretary of All India Democratic Women's Organisation, is concerned at the proposals. "The Indian Council of Medical Research had done some trials [of norethisterone] in the early 1980s which were withdrawn precisely because it was found that it was not suitable for Indian conditions," she said

Women's groups …


ABSTRACT Although at the time the zoological establishment had little interest in the smaller planktonic and benthic marine invertebrates, James Ross assisted by Joseph Hooker amassed a large collection of these animals during the Erebus and Terror voyage of 1839–43. These samples perished withoutRoss having carried out his intention of working on them. The only knownmaterial relating to them that survives today consists of a small number of drawings by Hooker in the British Museum (Natural History). These are evidently the remnants of a much larger collection which became dispersed among the experts preparing Challenger reports from 1876 onwards. Undoubtedly Ross and Hooker discovered many new species and genera (an example discussed being an apparently undescribed pycnogonid) which were left undescribed. Their finding of animal life at depths below 300 fathoms was not properly publicized so that Forbes' doctrine of the absence of life in the depths of the sea was able to persist for several more decades.


Nanocrystals of Cs3Cu2I5, a metal halide with promising potential as a perovskite substitute, are successfully grown on graphene nanosheets. An intermediate stage of physically exfoliated graphene nanosheets, concurrent with the formation of copper‐based seeds on graphene surface, is developed, for the first time, allowing for the subsequent growth of Cs3Cu2I5 nanocrystals (CsNCs) to obtain CsNCs‐decorated graphene nanohybrids (CsGNHs). The morphology and properties of the CsGNHs depend on the input amount of graphene nanosheets during the reaction. The photoluminescence intensity of the CsGNHs decreases with increasing graphene content, indicating that graphene facilitates nonradiative energy transfer from the CsNCs in the CsGNHs. The inherent self‐trapping exciton emission of the CsNCs is also affected by the graphene substrate. As the graphene content increases, the emission peaks of the CsGNHs broaden and diminish. The CsGNHs emit a stable solid‐state luminescence with a large Stokes shift (zero self‐absorption) under a high‐energy ultraviolet (UV) light. Consequently, the CsGNHs can act as optoelectronic transducers and selectively generate a turn‐on photocurrent response under specific‐wavelength UV light. Additionally, a new anticounterfeiting strategy is developed using the CsGNHs as a luminescent black ink to fabricate luminescent quick‐response codes with fake pixels.


A census on bird has been carried out in the wetland of Yellow River National Nature Reserve in Henan Province from September 2006 to August 2007.247 species belonging to 53 families and 16 orders have been recorded.The avian species number,avian abundant grade,diversity,as well as similarity in four different habitats(hill,bottomland,water area,manual forest) are analyzed.The avian species number,G-index and F-index are the highest in the bottomland.The avian composition of the hill and the manual forest is similar.


Using methods from dynamical-systems theory, we reexamine the anomalous noise rise that has plagued Josephson-junction parametric amplifiers, devices potentially important for astrophysical measurements in the microwave regime. Our theory explains the puzzling gain-dependent noise temperature, and leads to new predictions which can be readily tested by experiments. Our explanation is based on a general theory of noise sensitivity near simple bifurcations: Thus, the same phenomenon should occur in other parametric amplifiers, e.g., those employing semiconductor lasers.


Following Gibb's interpretation of an interface as a dividing surface, we derive a model for the microscopic dynamic contact angle by writing a force balance for a control volume encompassing the interfaces and the contact line. In doing so we identify that, in addition to the surface tension of respective interfaces, the gradient of surface tension plays an important role in determining the dynamic contact angle. This is because not only does it contribute towards an additional force, but it also accounts for the deviation of local surface tension from its static equilibrium value. It is shown that this gradient in surface tension can be attributed to the convective acceleration in the vicinity of the contact line, which in turn is a direct result of varying degree of slip in that region. In addition, we provide evidence that this gradient in surface tension is one of the key factors responsible for the difference in contact angle at the leading and trailing edge, of a steadily moving contact line. These findings are validated using molecular dynamics simulations.


We introduce a protocol based on blind signatures using elliptic curves that allows to trace those users of any service, traitors, that share their legitimate license with other people, avoiding the abuse or the unauthorized use of legal licenses. We show that our protocol is incapable of implicating innocent users in the illegal distribution of licenses and that tracing produces indisputable proof for the implication of the traitors. We also show that our protocol provides anonymity to users unless they share their private information and compare it to other existing schemes. We also provide an implementation showing its practical application.


Abstract The on-line coupling of HPLC with flame-AAS using a HPF/HHPN system (high performance flow/hydraulic high pressure nebulization) is described. The proposed system is used for speciation of trace metals. High molecular weight species (protein-bound metals) as well as low molecular weight ones (organic acid complexes of metals) are separated and specifically detected. Problems arising from the flow-rate and composition of the mobile phase are discussed and it is shown that these problems can be solved by optimizing the HHP-nebulizer.


The invention provides a fingerprint recognition sensor packaging structure and an ultra-thin glass manufacturing method. The packaging structure comprises a fingerprint recognition sensor, a silicon wafer and ultra-thin glass. The ultra-thin glass is arranged on the fingerprint recognition sensor, and the fingerprint recognition sensor is electrically connected with the silicon wafer. According to the fingerprint recognition sensor packaging structure and the ultra-thin glass manufacturing method, the ultra-thin glass is adopted in the fingerprint recognition sensor packaging structure, when a user conducts fingerprint recognition, the skin of fingers can get closer to the fingerprint recognition sensor, the thickness of the entire fingerprint recognition sensor packaging structure can be decreased, and thus the thickness of electronic equipment using the fingerprint recognition sensor packaging structure can be decreased in the practical application process; in addition, the ultra-thin glass is low in cost, and the cost of the entire electronic equipment can be lowered.


The mechanisms of the breakup and atomization of a three-dimensional viscous liquid jet,which is injected into a compressible gas,are studied by using the method of spatial linear stability analysis.The dispersion relation is obtained which delineates the evolution of a general three-dimensional disturbance on the free surface.The primary parameters that govern the growth rates of the disturbances are the Reynolds number,the Weber number,density ratio which is a ratio of gas density to liquid density and the Mach number of the ambient gas with respect to the frame of reference moving jet.The Reynolds number,density ratio and the Mach number always tend to promote the instabilities of the liquid jets.The influences of the Weber number on the jet stabilities are complex.When the Weber number is in small region,the growth rates of the disturbances decrease with an increase of Weber number;while it is in large region,it promotes the disturbance growth rates of the liquid jets.


Designed to guide local earthquake hazard reduction programs, this study estimates direct aggregate earthquake damage to Davis and Salt Lake County utilities. For making these loss estimates, higher magnitude events are assumed to be generated by the Wasatch fault zone, whereas representative lower magnitude events are modeled within the study area. Studies of surface faults, liquefaction susceptibility, and amplification potential are used to model localized expected earthquake effects. Vulnerability models from previous National Science Foundation (NSF) studies are used along with categorization of a large number of facilities. Direct damage estimates are then produced by utility company and also by microzone (township-and-range section). These estimates permit general comparisons of seismic risks among utility companies, and also among different microzones.


An experiment was conducted to elucidate heat stress alleviating effect of supplementation of Ashwagandha extract (WS) on growth performance, carcass traits, stress parameters and intestinal E. coli counts in commercial broilers reared during hot summer. Day old broiler chicks (n=160) were randomly allocated to 4 groups consisting of 8 replicates with 5 chicks each from 1 to 42 day of age. The four groups were 1. Positive control (PC) (Basal diet +Vit-E 70mg/kg + Se 0.15 mg/kg), 2. Negative control (NC)-basal diet without antioxidant, 3. WS50 (Basal diet + 50 mg WS extract/kg diet) and 4. WS100 (Basal diet + 100mg WS extract/kg diet). Body weight gain, feed efficiency, feed intake, intestinal E. coli counts were affected (P<0.05) by supplementation of WS. Carcass traits were not affected with WS in broiler diets. Lipid peroxidation (LP) in serum decreased (P<0.05), while activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione reductase (GSH-Rx) in serum increased (P<0.05) in WS fed groups. In liver and spleen activities of GSH-Px, GSH-Rx and SOD were not affected, while LP decreased (P<0.05) in WS supplemented groups. Present study results indicated that WS supplementation enhanced performance, antioxidant status and decreased intestinal E. coli counts. However, supplementation of WS did not influence carcass traits in present study.


Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have emerged as a new technology about acquiring and processing messages for a variety of applications. Faults occurring to sensor nodes are common due to lack of power or environmental interference. In order to guarantee the network reliability of service, it is necessary for the WSN to be able to detect and processes the faults and take appropriate actions. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to distinguish and filter the error messages for cluter-based WSNs. The simulation results show that the proposed method not only can avoid frequent re-clustering but also can save the energy of sensor nodes, thus prolong the lifetime of sensor network.


This paper deals with reduction of total harmonic distortion in new Cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverter topology with artificial neural network technique. This topology consists of lower blocking voltage on switches and it requires less number of dc voltage sources, power switches which results in decrease the complexity and total cost of the inverter. Moreover, a new algorithm is used to determine the magnitude of dc voltage sources for generation of all voltage levels. Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is trained by the back-propagation algorithm of the Mean Square Error (MSE) between the output and the desired value. The performance and functional accuracy of the proposed topology using ANN technique in generating all voltage levels for 31-level inverter are simulated using MATLAB simulink. Index terms Cascaded multilevel inverter, H-bridge, Artificial neural network, Multicarrier pulse width modulation. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________


The growth of cloud computing has resulted in uneconomic energy consumption, which has negatively impacted the environment through the generation of carbon emissions. This paper proposes a distributed Locust-inspired scheduling algorithm to reduce cloud computing consumed energy (LACE). LACE schedules and optimizes the allocation of virtual machines (VMs) based on behavior derived from locusts. LACE distributes scheduling among servers; each server is responsible for allocating and migrating its VMs. Hence, the scheduling load is distributed between servers rather than being centralized in one component. LACE was thoroughly evaluated by comparing it with long-standing VM scheduling algorithms: dynamic voltage–frequency scaling (DVFS), energy-aware scheduling using the workload-aware consolidation technique, and the static threshold with minimum utilization policy. The experimental results show that LACE considerably outperforms the other algorithms in almost every area. Most importantly, LACE exhibited significant levels of fault tolerance under heavy workloads that benchmarks were unable to sustain.


The authors purpose in this study was to clarify the difference in terms of clinicopathologic features between gastric cancer (GC) with high numbers of DNA methylated genes and CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP)‐positive GC as originally defined.


Renewable energy is a rapidly growing environmental-friendly alternative for electricity generation, which will supersede using fossil fuels in the near future. Renewable-based generation is usually located at remote areas, and the large-scale generated power is required to be transmitted to the main load centres; thus, the main challenge facing the bulk power transmission is the precise determination of the most appropriate transmission option. This study presents a comprehensive techno-economic study for the selection of the adequate transmission option for large-scale power transmission. The proposed work aims to study different transmission alternatives to transfer 10,000 MW of renewable generated power to the load centres in the central region of Saudi Arabia. Different high-voltage AC (HVAC) voltage levels such as 725 and 500 kV, and high-voltage DC (HVDC) technologies are considered as alternatives, and a techno-economic evaluation of each option is presented. Moreover, detailed comparisons between different HVAC and HVDC technologies are introduced from technical, economic, and environmental perspective. The presented study, comparisons, and the subsequent recommendations are helpful for the network planner to evaluate different extra high-voltage (EHV) and AC/DC transmission options in terms of accessibility, load-carrying capability, efficiency, reliability, stability, environmental impact, and economics.


Summary Adenoma of biliar ducts in Boga (Leporinus obtusidens) of the Parana river Most of the basic pathological conditions diagnosed in land animals are observe in fish. Some factors are identified as responsible for tumours growth, in different ranks. There is an association among environmental pollutants with potential risk for human health and the neoplasm occurrence in aquatic organisms. The neoplasm of liver source from the biliar ducts epithelium, it is not frequently in the animals. Experimentally, they were induced by chemical carcinogens in mammals and fish. In this report, we described the hystopathological characteristic of a liver neoplasm in boga (Leporinus obtusidens) captured in the half tract from Parana river, Argentina. There weren't found injuries in other organs. We pretend to discuss about the presence of melanomacrophages centers related to hosts defense mechanisms considered potential indicators of fish health conditions and rodlet cells connected to toxic sublethal environment conditions, like a main component of pollutant biomarkers.


Space-time radar images of the ocean surface were collected from an airship off the Oregon coast in the fall of 1995, using a coherent, short pulse, HH-polarized X-band system. The radar successfully mapped wind waves, long swell waves and internal wave features. The radar images are converted to two-dimensional spectra of microwave backscatter and the surface velocity field. These spectra are used to examine space-time properties of surface waves. Examples of the radar maps and their corresponding spectra are presented. It is demonstrated that the linear dispersion relation gives the relationship between the time and spatial dependence of the long gravity waves. Also, evident in the spectra are features that don't obey the linear wave theory.


A cool-season turfgrass(Festuca arundinecea cv.Huntdog 5),which has heat-tolerance and high quality,was introduced to study heat-resistance in the pot experiment.The split-split plot design with three factors and three levels was employed to study the effect of different treatments with different phosphorus,potassium,plant growth retardant(PP333) application rates on the stress physiology of tall fescue.The result showed that the contents of malondialdehyde(MDA) and ascorbic acid(AsA)were correlated significantly with the changes of permeability of plasma membrane(PMP),negative correlation was focused on the content of AsA,PMP and content of MDA.Based on the index of active oxygen and PMP,the best treatment for heat tolerance is A2B3C2,as is expected to extend the green time of F.arundinacea and overaestivate rationally in the transitional region.


It is suggested, based on published and experimental data, that inter- and intra-specific cell contact plays an important role in the life cycle of some dinoflagellate species.


Enlightened by the essay Affection of Nutrition Factors On Endemic Fluorosis written by professor Li Guang sheng,and integrated with the contradictory phenomena in three times epidemic investigations,the author thought:in epidemic factors of fluorosis,endemic fluorosis not only is related with fluoride intake per day,but also related with nutritional factors,especially calcium in food.The article discussed on countermeasures of prvention of endemic fluorosis in views of the above.


Smart grid synchronization is an important concern due to the increasing deployment of Distributed Power Generation Systems. Nonlinear estimation techniques based on synchronization algorithm are proposed to track both of the voltage magnitude and phase angle of utility network. Instead of directly analyzing in natural abc coordinate frame, by resorting to symmetrical component transformation, the proposed algorithm separate the positive, negative and zero sequences into the transformed αβ stationary reference frame. Based on the results on the αβ coordinate frame, nonlinear estimation techniques are developed to track both of the in-phase and quadrature sinusoidal voltages. Matlab simulations have shown the efficacy of our proposed nonlinear estimation methods involving the Extended Kalman Filter and the Unscented Kalman Filter. It also shows that the UKF is a more accurate and reliable method for power synchronization.


The purpose of this research was to investigate factors that affect tourists' satisfaction and willingness to pay higher fees for visiting Bangkok. The population sampled in this study consisted of tourists who have visited Bangkok. Data was collected during May and June 2016, and it was analyzed using regression analysis. It was found that the tourists' perceptions of destination image, perceived value, and experience quality had a significant effect on the level of their satisfaction, which in turn has a significant effect on their willingness to pay more on travel. These findings could help tourism sector-based businesses better understand destination competition, and find ways of increasing visitors' satisfaction and their willingness to pay higher fees.


Simulation is a key step during the development phase of Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEV). However, for a given objective of the simulation, several assumptions are made to determine the appropriate model of a HEV. Neglecting the rotating components mass, in comparison with the static mass of a vehicle, is a classical assumption made. In this paper, the influence of the rotating components mass on the fuel consumption of a plug-in parallel HEV is studied. Three models, related to the mass of the vehicle, are considered. In that aims, Energetic Macroscopic Representation is used to organize the different models of the powertrain. The effects on the fuel consumption are then studied. In fact, the fuel consumption of the studied vehicle is 7% lower when the rotating components mass is neglected.


A kind of nonconforming finite element approximation to Generalized IMBq Equation is discussed with semi-discrete scheme.The convergence analysis is presented,and the same optimal error estimates are derived as conforming element methods without Ritz projection.


A radio frequency identification (RFID) tag with a plurality of antennas is disclosed. RFID tag in accordance with one embodiment, a series of encoded signals to program on the basis of the plurality of antennas, when a radio frequency signal received via a plurality of antennas to transmit identification information for the scattering station to a radio frequency (RF) signals that are received respectively and it includes a modulator that can change the intensity of an uplink signal which is backscatter through the plurality of antennas based on the encoded signal input from the digital circuit unit and a memory, and a digital memory and a circuit section for generating and outputting. And modulator operates the intensity of the uplink signal that is backscatter through each of the plurality of antennas irrespective of the type of the encoded signal so as to be equal to each other.


In the current discussions on the past and future prospects of industry in Poland, at least four areas require, in my opinion, much more attention and reflection. This means learning from our – not always positive – experiences. Four matters are the most pressing, and I believe that getting answers to the following four questions is of the utmost urgency: 1) What measures to stimulate development, what we sometimes call the "anatomy of growth or development", were applied to the industry in Poland in the initial period of its transformation and during the first 25 years – 1990-2014. Among others, what factors initiated the development, propelled it and contributed conclusively to its further growth, and whether and what changes are currently required? 2) If the state decides to support the development of selected branches and areas of industry that offer the greatest development opportunities – what should be the criteria for their selection and whether they require addenda or corrections? 3) What changes were made in these industries which were recognized as having the greatest development opportunities in the initial period of the abovementioned Polish transformation? What conclusions should be drawn from the changes currently taking place in them? 4) Which branches of industry are and may be the most attractive for development in Warsaw and Mazovia region? In each of these four areas, there have recently been many new addenda to the existing diagnoses and proposals which seem to be worthy of discussion.


Nursing leaders have criticised plans to axe patients from GP lists in England if they have not visited their surgery for five years.


The dead time setting of IGBT converter is a difficult problem.This paper proposes a dead time controlling system of IGBT converter based on the grey predictive model theory,The results prove that the model introduced is feasible, and can adjust the dead time of the IGBT converter effectively.This study provides a base for the application of the grey system theory to power electronics.


The practice of pharmacy offers a myriad of career opportunities. This article presents one individual's experiences in a somewhat unique practice setting: administration of a state Medicaid pharmacy program. Medicaid programs, jointly funded by the federal and state governments, finance the provision of medically necessary services to a defined recipient population. States can optionally cover "prescribed drugs" as part of their program. In one form or another, all have chosen to do so. It is in the design, maintenance and enhancement of the drug benefit program that the pharmacist can use his or her experience—clinical, business and personal—to assure the most cost-efficient and medically appropriate administration of these tax-funded programs. The magnitude of Medicaid programs, and the attendant administrative challenges they present, offer a wide variety of opportunities for a pharmacist's professional growth. The pharmacist in this position deals extensively with formularies and state and federal drug laws. It is not uncommon for the pharmacist to participate in various administrative policy committees and be an integral part of agency decision making pertaining to the Medicaid pharmacy benefit. Federal budget law in 1990 mandated the creation and use of drug utilization review boards by all state Medicaid agencies. Oversight of the functions and coordination with these boards is generally the pharmacist's responsibility.


Abstract Poster session 2, September 22, 2022, 12:30 PM - 1:30 PM Objectives To study an intractable case of phaeohyphomycosis caused by Phialophora verrucosa and the underlying genetic and immunological mechanisms. Methods Clinical and laboratory findings of the patient were studied. The patient's DNA was sequenced for CARD9. Innate and adaptive immunological responses of patient-derived PBMCs were evaluated with ELISA and flow cytometry. Results A 29-year-old Chinese male, born to nonconsanguineous parents, developed an enlarging plaque on his right anterior tibia at 25 years and underwent a 15-month treatment of oral itraconazole at the local hospital. Upon discontinuation of the medication, the plaque spread over his face, upper limbs, and back. Physical examination indicated dark brown verrucous plaques and nodules with surface ulcers and scabs on his right leg, upper limbs, and face. Skin biopsy revealed pigmented yeast cells with budding and yeast cell chain in the dermis. Based on tissue culture, we identified P. verrucosa as the causative pathogen, which was further validated by ITS, BT, and TEF gene sequencing. Thus, subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis was diagnosed, and itraconazole combined with amphotericin B was prescribed. The lesions improved only marginally. We, therefore, gave him oral posaconazole instead, based on in vitro antifungal susceptibility results. After 1 month of posaconazole treatment, the serum BG assay value decreased and the lesions improved markedly. Based on previous reports linking CARD9 deficiency to phaeohyphomycosis, as well as early onset and recalcitrance characters, Sanger sequencing was performed in this patient and identified two compound heterozygous mutations in exon 6 (R373P) and exon 8 (D274GfsX60) of CARD9. We then evaluated the functional effect of the CARD9 mutations by assessing the stimuli-dependent release of proinflammatory cytokines and helper T cell differentiation. Cytokine production was markedly impaired in PBMCs post 24 h of stimulation with LPS, curdlan, TDB, mannan, MDP, β‐glucan, and various fungal ligands. Moreover, the patient showed a significant absence in Th22 and Th17 cell proportions, as well as lower IL-17A and IL-22 production after six days of co-incubation with the stimuli mentioned above. Conclusion Our report highlighted that otherwise healthy patients diagnosed with early-onset, unexplained, and recalcitrant phaeohyphomycosis should be analyzed for CARD9 mutations and immune deficiency. Furthermore, posaconazole may be an alternative worth trying after the failure of other antifungals due to its ideal results achieved in our case.


The present invention discloses a security cloud data written by a much more effective method of auditing public model, cloud security technical field belongs. The method comprising the steps of: (1) Key Distribution Protocol: server key generation algorithm using the key material DO, CS and TPA generate key material; (2) the write protocol: the signature algorithm and the verification algorithm intact complete interaction between the CS and DO, DO i.e. signature data and the signature and its corresponding data correctly stored in the CS; (3) multi-protocol written by audit: the authentication algorithm and the algorithm is complete proof of TPA written by DOs audit data stored in the CS. The present invention can be independent of the number of the data owner, reducing the burden of CS, while enjoying public audit and privacy protection.


Clemens Peterbauer, Food Biotechnology Lab, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna firstname.lastname@example.com Dagmar Brugger, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna Iris Krondorfer, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna Christoph Gonaus, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna Leander Sützl, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna Leonard Stoica, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna


With the quick development of service-oriented network, the services of streaming media and their traffic has become a rather important part in the circumstance of virtual network. However, there hasn't been a unified control mechanism to maintain the qualities of these services. The QoS of streaming media is a great concern of current network, and it'll be vital in future network because of the rapid growth of internet users and traffics. This paper describes a mechanism of maintaining the survivalbility of streaming media service in the circumstance of overlay network. We propose a method to calculate the health value of each path and service. Through this mechanism we can evaluate the current quality of services and provide information for further decisions. As a proof of concept we implement an experimental scenario to assess the functionality and the availability of this mechanism. It has managed effectively in the evaluation of streaming services.


Color-And-Weave is the use of both light and dark threads in both warp and weft in a handweaving. Traditional weaves such as twill, point twill, summer and winter, and shadow weave produce many unusual attractive handweaving patterns with Color-And-Weave that cannot be produced without it. The process of weaving these new patterns is interesting and not unduly complex in most cases of importance. The design of these patterns using paper-and-pencil drafting techniques is admittedly infeasibly difficult. However, this problem has been resolved by the use of an inexpensive microcomputer graphics system. In a forthcoming book [1], the authors present the main results of an extensive computer study of Color-And-Weave effects including complete drafts and woven samples for 700-800 nontraditional handweaving patterns. In this paper, we shall present a theoretical approach to Color-And-Weave and discuss the ramifications in the case of the simplest woven structure; namely, Plain Weave. In a companion paper [2], additional details are given on (i) the computer study of hand weaving patterns that was conducted and (ii) the microcomputer system that was used.


This paper discusses options for Low-Energy Beam Transport (LEBT) systems as part of injectors for highintensity linear accelerators such as proton drivers and similar machines. Building on the demonstrated success of the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) front end, the presented LEBT designs are based on the electrostatic focusing principle, but the arrangement of lenses and steerer elements is modified for ease of operation and to reduce optical aberrations that somewhat affected the performance of the SNS LEBT. After treating two examples of such LEBTs to be applied to proton and deuteron beams, an extraction system for H beams is presented that provides for electron removal at intermediate energy and can easily be integrated into an electrostatic LEBT of the type discussed before. Beam simulation results with output emittances for the three systems are included in the paper.


The innovation of literary research is most importantly the innovation of research thinking.To break the impasse of research thinking and to cultivate the power of thinking is the prerequisite for literary research and its innovation is the integration by taking the subjective perspective as focus.Innovative thinking is not in conflict with academic norms because their spirit is innovation.Moreover,innovation is also identified within the framework of academic norms.


The sourcing of services to manufacturing processes has recently become an important aspect of the global value chain concept sińce services have increasingly been embodied in manufactured products. Despite the ever-closer links between the two sectors, unbundling of many processes and sourcing them from overseas providers due to the cost reduction is vital for many firms in order to compete successfully in the global market. In this paper, we explain the naturę and size of services contribution to global value chains and identify the most important market players. We argue that the increasing importance of services in manufacturing processes resulted in a widespread global sourcing of busi ness services, especially innovation, which is essential for any business. It leads us to the conclusion that there are emerging economies raising and enhancing their position as service vendors next to the former (western) technology giants.


The controversial rule of Quantifier Raising cannot be fully subsumed under the standard definition of the Move operation. We argue that the differences between overt movement and QR can be accounted for if the syntactic computation proceed s top-down (and left-right), rather than bottom-up. In a bottom-up derivation, a phrase must be first merged in argument position, and the remerge position has different properties in the two cases: in particular, the target position of QR is covert, it is not featurally licensed, and it can not freely host a successive cyclic step (whence the clause-boundedness of QR). If we assume instead a top-down + left-right derivation, a radical asymmetry emerges. Overtly moved phrases are first merged in a featurally licensed clausal position, and covertly remerged in argument position. In the case of QR, instead, the computation of the QP in argument position precedes the computation of the remerge position where the QP attaches to its nuclear scope, after the latter has been completely built: thus, QR is necessarily «rightward». The covertness of QR follows from the fact that the system invariably spells out the first merge position; the clause boundedness of QR is shown to be a right roof effect (due to a final phase boundary). The left-right orientation also immediately derives the Leftness Condition on quantifier binding. This rather conservative approach is briefly compared with the continuation-based analysis of quantification outlined i n Barker (2002).


Properties of material: Encapsulating these values means understanding that Zahner has built their reputation on knowing the intricacies of metal, its chemical properties, and how they can be manipulated. Following this notion through intensive design research, the form for the façade was derived from metal oxidation patterns inspired by those found on Zahner's campus. The final graphite concept sketch drew inspiration from multiple patterns to create a form that was specific to the proportions and context of the expansion.Articulation of the abstractly based model was closely developed with Zahner's engineers and utilizes a variation of the ZEPP (Zahner Engineered Proprietary Panel) system. The system's key components are vertically oriented DT* fins made from a half-circle shaped aluminum


The Escherichia coli SOS response to DNA damage is modulated by the RecA protein, a recombinase that forms an extended filament on single‐stranded DNA and hydrolyzes ATP. The RecA K72R (recA2201) mutation eliminates the ATPase activity of RecA protein. The mutation also limits the capacity of RecA to form long filaments in the presence of ATP. Strains with this mutation do not undergo SOS induction in vivo. We have combined the K72R variant of RecA with another mutation, RecA E38K (recA730). In vitro, the double mutant RecA E38K/K72R (recA730,2201) mimics the K72R mutant protein in that it has no ATPase activity. The double mutant protein will form long extended filaments on ssDNA and facilitate LexA cleavage almost as well as wild‐type, and do so in the presence of ATP. Unlike recA K72R, the recA E38K/K72R double mutant promotes SOS induction in vivo after UV treatment. Thus, SOS induction does not require ATP hydrolysis by the RecA protein, but does require formation of extended RecA filaments. The RecA E38K/K72R protein represents an improved reagent for studies of the function of ATP hydrolysis by RecA in vivo and in vitro.


mouth and became the theme of preaching, the belief became ever more concrete. Instead of proclaiming "the tomb is empty because Jesus lives in heaven," the preachers now said "Jesus lives in heaven, and the proof is that the tomb was found empty." So in the period between Paul and Ignatius the faith in the Resurrection changed its center of gravity. At the outset the capital element was the certainty of the heavenly life of Christ, and the stories of the appearances and the empty tomb were the outgrowth and expression of this faith. As time went on the faith sought its ground and confirmation in the stories. The thesis is a highly suggestive one, and seems to be borne out by much in the New Testament teaching. One cannot but feel, for instance, that Paul's faith in the living Christ is ultimately independent of mere historical evidence. But M. Goguel would probably himself admit that he has only half solved his problem. Behind the record of the appearances there lies something which evidently impressed the earliest witnesses as a fact. What was it? No psychological theory or analogy is quite satisfying. Here, indeed, we feel most acutely that much of our modern psychology is only an artful method of evading difficulties. But if M. Goguel has not solved his problem, he has placed it in a new light, and carried the discussion of it a great step forward. Apart from its main argument the book is valuable for its detailed criticism of the many separate elements which enter into the primitive tradition. This, perhaps, is the most important part of M. Goguel's work, but no account of it is possible in a brief notice. E. F. SCOTT UNION THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY


Abstract Background Infection with Ureaplasma species has been linked to fatal hyperammonemia syndrome (HS) in lung transplant (LTx) recipients (R). In this retrospective cohort, we sought to characterize the epidemiology of Ureaplasma spp in both candidates and donors and describe outcomes of antimicrobial therapy in preventing and treating HS. Methods We performed a retrospective cohort study of patients who received LTx at Northwestern Memorial Hospital from July 2014 to October 2018. Candidate testing for Ureaplasma spp. was performed with urine culture and PCR testing before LTx but after listing. Positive candidates were treated with levofloxacin for 14 days prior to undergoing LTx. Donor testing was performed with bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) culture and PCR testing at organ implantation. From July 2014 to February 2017 LTxR were treated according to result; from February 2017 to October 2018 LTxR received empiric levofloxacin and azithromycin at the time of LTx until testing returned negative. HS was defined as new-onset altered mental status (AMS) after LTx with ammonia > 100; if no ammonia was tested, LTxR was classified as not developing HS. Summary and comparative statistics were performed using IBM® SPSS Statistics version 25.0. Results 66 patients who underwent LTx and had candidate screening, donor screening, or both were included. 81.8% (n = 54) of patients had negative screening tests in donor and candidate pre-LTx, 7.5% (n = 5) had positive Ureaplasma spp. testing pre-LTx, and 12.1% (n = 8) had positive donor BAL testing at the time of LTx. One had positive candidate and donor screening (see Table 1). 3 patients developed HS a median of 6 days post-transplant; 2 died with HS as attributed cause. None received empiric therapy. LTxR with confirmed donor-derived infection were more likely to have mortality at 1 year when compared with LTxR with negative testing and candidates with positive testing pre-LTx (P = 0.019). LTxR with donor-derived infection were more likely to have AMS, higher peak ammonia, and require renal replacement therapy, although none reached significance (Table 2). Conclusion Donor-derived Ureaplasma spp. in LTxR was associated with increased mortality at one-year. Pre-transplant screening and treatment had no effect on the outcome. There is high concern for donor transmission and we advocate testing in all LTxR. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.


1. An Introduction to Descartes's Materially False Ideas 2. 'Static' Interpretations of Materially False Ideas - A Survey 3. A 'Dynamic' Interpretation of Materially False Ideas 4. The Metaphysical Status of Material Falsity (and of Error) 5. Falsehood, Error and Ethics 6. Conclusion


We investigate the convergence of diabatic scattering representations that make use of the commonly applied closure relation (which eliminates first and second derivative coupling terms from the Schr\"odinger equation for the scattering wave function) to the adiabatic scattering formulations from which they are derived (wherein the internal basis states depend upon the collision coordinate). Numerical examples using a simple model of electron transport in a tapered waveguide are presented. The convergence of the diabatic to the adiabatic results with respect to the number of basis states is extremely slow. We discuss the significance of these findings to atomic and molecular scattering calculations.


Introduction: Heart disease is one of the most common diseases in the world. The aim of the current research was the efficacy of written emotional expression training on adherence to treatment in heart patients. Materials and Methods: The present study was practical and quasi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design and a two-month follow-up with a control group. The statistical population included all patients with heart problems in the west of Tehran city, 40 of whom were selected by available sampling method and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. They completed Medanlo adherence to treatment questionnaire (2013). The data was analyzed using the repeated measurement variance analysis method with the help of SPSSV19 software. Results: The results showed that there was a significant difference in the adherence to treatment variable and all its components (F=7.332 and P<0.01). After the intervention in the variables of interest in treatment (F=7.694 and P<0.01), willingness to participate (F=6.959 and P<0.01), ability to adapt (F=14.113 and P<0.01), integration of treatment with life (F=9.953 and P<0.01), adherence to treatment (F=6.891 and P<0.01), commitment to treatment (F=6.892 and P<0.01), doubt in implementing the treatment (F=19.877 and P<0.01) and adherence to treatment (F=43.134 and P<0.01) of the group.


Evolutionary adaptations and phosphorus - why ANPS fertiliser is phosphorus free. As our natives have evolved in extremely old, leached soils, depleted of phosphorus, they cannot tolerate the high levels of phosphorus needed by plants from overseas. Most plants remove phosphorus from the leaves before they drop and store it in the stem tissues for future use. Putting extra into the soil can easily give an excess.


Participants Women between 34 and 39 weeks of gestation, planning a vaginal birth Intervention 1. Group hypnosis sessions plus hypnotherapist-guided audio CD 2. Hypnotherapist-guided audio CD Comparison No additional antenatal intervention Outcome Use of pharmacological analgesia during labour Study design Randomised trial (1 : 1 : 1 ratio) Findings Antenatal group hypnosis in late pregnancy did not reduce the use of analgesia during labour


The present study entitled 'Studying adaptability of Eucalypts clones to water logged and effluent irrigated environments' was carried out at different locations during 2016 to 2018. Nine Eucalyptus clones were studied under effluent irrigated conditions. Survival varied from 95 to 100 per cent and differences among clones were non-significant. Clone C-413 was observed as most promising clone regarding mean height. In terms of DBH, PE-5 attained the highest and PE-8 got the lowest rank. In the second experiment, eight clones were studied under three different soil types. Out of three soil typesS1 (Normal soil), S2 (Salt affected soil) and S3 (Mixed soil), all the clonal plants raised in S1 soil registered maximum plant height, collar diameter and number of leaves and branches. Significantly lowest values were found under S2 (Salt affected soil). Significant differences among clones were observed for all growth traits recorded at various ages. Clone PE-11 showed the maximum plant height, collar diameter and number of leaves; clones C-405 and PE-11 recorded significantly higher values in terms of number of branches. S1 (Normal soil) showed the maximum values for dry shoot and root biomass. Under salt affected conditions, the relative ranking of Eucalyptus clones for stem biomass were PE-11> C-2169 >P-27> P-23> C405 > C-2135 > P48> C-2013. The third experiment had two clones viz. PE-1 and C-413, were studied under two water table depths (30 cm and 60 cm). The differences between the clones as well as between the water table depths were found to be significant. At 60 cm water table depth, the height and collar diameter were significantly higher. The performance of clone C-413 was found significantly superior to PE-1 in terms of mean height. With respect to collar diameter, non-significant differences were found between the clones. The present study revealed huge variation in Eucalyptus clones for various abiotic stresses.


This article argues that Beethoven's Arietta Variations inscribe the activity of listening in their own melodic and harmonic processes. The argument proceeds from two observations: (1) that tonality anticipates the listening subject in the form of a "desire" to progress from dominant to tonic; (2) that the temporal representation produced by analysis is always minimally dislocated from the time of music's sonic unfolding. A notion of "the time it takes to listen" describes the time it takes for the ear to bring to its completion the analytical representation of time and thereby accounts for this gap. An analysis focusing on the role of the trill demonstrates how the Arietta Variations reflect this supplementary temporality in their own unfolding.


A disease‐specific quality of life questionnaire is not available for patients with periampullary carcinoma, although cancer‐specific questionnaires and the Gastrointestinal Quality of Life Index (GIQLI) have been used. The aim of this study was to validate the GIQLI for patients with periampullary tumours and to evaluate if subscales of the GIQLI could be identified to allow a more detailed assessment of the patients' quality of life.


With the increasing demand of multi-purpose use of coastal and offshore zone, the floating breakwaters are being constructed as a good and cost effective substitute for the conventional type of breakwaters. In the case of deep water areas, floating breakwaters are easier to build than gravity type breakwaters made of concrete caissons. It has gained significance in recent years because of its basic advantages, such as flexibility, easy mobilization, installation and retrieval. A rectangular-shaped floating breakwater is proposed here to reduce the transmitted wave height and to control the incoming wave energy. An experimental study is carried out in a two-dimensional wave tank to evaluate the performance of the proposed breakwater. Three different types of mooring systems, with three different inclination anchorage of each system, are adopted in this experimental study. Two of them are perforated wooden plates. The other one is chain mooring system that was adopted for comparison. The experiments are carried out for 3 different water depths, 3 different wave steepnesses and 10 different wave periods, that result a total 810 cases of experimental runs. The reflected and transmitted wave heights, water particle velocities and the displacements of the floating body (sway, heave and roll) are measured during the experiment. It is observed that a good amount of the incoming wave energy is dissipated by the breakwater in most of the cases. Comparisons among the performances of the floating body with three different types mooring systems with various inclination of the mooring anchorage are done. All the results and analyses are presented in this paper. The very good performance of this type breakwater to absorb the incoming wave energy, its easy installation and mobilization characteristics and less construction and maintenance cost demand and justify its use in the real field of coastal engineering.


Abstract We prove Graham conjecture for some cases only by elementary methods in basic number theory. Extensive notes and remarks on new results on searching for the elementary proof of Graham conjecture are presented and discussed, e.g., by induction or directed graph.


UC Irvine Previously Published Works Title Changes in West Antarctic ice stream dynamics observed with ALOS PALSAR data Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0db3r20j Journal Geophysical Research Letters, 35(12) ISSN 0094-8276 Author Rignot, E Publication Date 2008-06-28 DOI 10.1029/2008GL033365 Supplemental Material https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0db3r20j#supplemental License CC BY 4.0 Peer reviewed


Quenching properties of gas mixture in a resistive plate chamber operated with streamer mode were investigated using optical image taken by the CCD camera and signal pulse waveform recorded by the digital oscilloscope. We have tested four quenching gases: C2H2F4, C2F6, CBrF3 and SF6. Streamer size, brightness and induced charge linearly depend on the ratio of Ar to quenching gas and their slopes are a function of electron affinity for each quenching gas. r 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.


This study explores the connection between changing scope and requirement, project team involvement, and benefit management practices to perceived benefit. Using single case study in a regional software delivery company, it uncovers the practices that influence perceived benefit by evaluating scope management, project team involvement and benefit management. The study used survey and focus group to gather information in the case company and frequency analysis to analyze survey result. The study showed that flexibility to changing scope and requirement impacted perceived benefit positively. Additionally, project team involvement, especially from customer side, impacted changes in scope and requirement. This study shows that practices in accepting change in scope and requirement influence project ability to meet expected benefit.


. We show that the principle of maximum entropy, a variational method ap-pearing in statistical inference, statistical physics, and the analysis of stochastic dynamical systems, admits a geometric description from gauge theory. Using the connection on a principal G -bundle, the gradient flow maximising entropy is written in terms of constraint functions which interact with the dynamics of the probabilistic degrees of freedom of a diffusion process. This allows us to describe the point of maximum entropy as parallel transport over the state space. In particular, it is proven that the solubility of the stationary Fokker–Planck equation corresponds to the existence of parallel transport in a particular associated vector bundle, extending classic results due to Jordan–Kinderlehrer–Otto and Markowich–Villani. A reinterpretation of splitting results in stochastic dynamical systems is also suggested. Beyond stochastic analysis, we are able to indicate a collection of geometric structures surrounding energy-based inference in statistics


Objective To report some cases of misdiagnosis caused by electrocardiogram(ECG) artifact and to investigate the reasons of it.Methods To analyse the ECG of the 18 cases who were diagnosed as VT/VF(7 cases),AF(2 case),SSS(7 cases) and Morbiz Ⅱ type(2 case) based on the ECG,and combined the symptoms at the time of abnormal ECG.Results Although 2 cases had vertigo or similar vertigo histories,all cases would not feel uncomfortable at the time of ECG artifact.In 9 cases ECG artiface was caused by upper limbs exercise,brushing the teeth,electromagnetic treatment,rapping Holter recorder and body tremors separately,in another 9 cases ECG artifact is may be caused by electro-cardiogram dysfunction.Conclusion For VT/VF or other dysrhythmia ECG with symptoms or not,we should analyze ECG to exclude artiface and avoid misdiagnosis carefully.


A previously developed biological cell model, based on liquid-filled dielectric spheroid membranes, is used to investigate characteristics of electrofusion and electroporation. In particular, the radius dependence of dielectric breakdown is manipulated so as to reduce that dependence. This is accomplished by varying the decay time of a DC capacitive discharge impulse and by varying the resistivity of the model suspension medium. A slight adaption to the model shows that it is possible to cause dielectric breakdown of a balloon within a balloon at the same threshold levels. This is indicative of an organelle such as a nucleus inside a cell.


The paper investigates multichannel switching as a promising alternative to traditional single-channel switching where virtual paths established in a switch are between a single input channel and a single output channel. A particular non-blocking condition is derived for flip networks, which is exploited to realize a multichannel switching architecture that supports an arbitrary number of channel groups. The architecture is internally nonblocking and bufferless. Using one flip network recursively a number of times based on the number of channel groups, the resulting architecture becomes efficient in the sense that the cross point complexity is O(N log/sub 2/ N) for N inputs. Other distinguishing features are the abilities to provide multicasting, superrate switching (i.e., rates that exceed the capacity of a single channel are accommodated), multirate switching (i.e., bit pipes of different rates are supported simultaneously), multiple performance requirements (i.e., services with different performance requirements are treated accordingly), and fair access to all inputs (i.e., no input is systematically discriminated against). In multichannel switching, cells belonging to a single session can traverse multiple channels. Providing the cell sequencing integrity becomes a challenging issue. The architecture proposed in the paper accomplishes the task without employing any cell resequencing mechanism. >


. In this paper we discuss issues related to the theoretical as well as the computational
format of gradient-extended crystal viscoplasticity. The so-called "primal"
format uses the internal variables and the displacements as the primary unknown fields.
An alternative format is coined the "semi-dual format", which in addition includes microstresses,
thereby defining a mixed variational problem. We compare the primal and
semi-dual variational formats in terms of pros and cons from a modeling as well as a
numerical viewpoint. We perform a set of numerical benchmarks to investigate the rate
of convergence for errors in different norms.


INTRODUCTION
Nurses play an important role in improving the physical health of individuals with serious mental illnesses. The literature on the attitudes of mental health nurses towards physical healthcare provides a small amount of data. Assessing trends in nurses' attitudes through suitable surveys is important to ensure holistic care.

AIM/QUESTION
This study sought to examine the Turkish version of the Physical Health Attitude Scale's (PHASe) validity and reliability and to survey Turkish mental health nurses' attitudes towards physical healthcare.

METHOD
The sample consisted of 174 nurses working in acute psychiatric wards. Firstly, the psychometric properties of the scale were analyzed using factor analysis and measures of internal consistency and reliability. Then, the survey results of the attitudes of mental health nurses towards the physical health of patients with serious mental illnesses were determined using the Physical Health Attitude Scale (PHASe).

RESULTS
The translated PHASe scale functioned best as a 24-item version and 4-factor solution that explains 51.3% of the variance. The internal consistency value was .83. The respondents' attitudes were generally positive about their role. There was less agreement for the involvement of nurses in practices of health promotion, such as sexual health, eye and/or dental examinations. The nurses surveyed also tended to use smoking for therapeutic purposes.

IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE
Mental health nurses' knowledge and attitudes should be enhanced by additional training in the ways of meeting patients' biopsychosocial needs. Obstacles to physical healthcare can be removed by implementing standard protocols nationwide. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


The application of deep learning methods has brought improvements to the accuracy and automation of landslide extractions based on remote sensing images because deep learning techniques have independent feature learning and powerful computing ability. However, in application, the quality of training samples often fails the requirement for training deep networks, causing insufficient feature learning. Furthermore, some background objects (e.g., river, bare land, building) share similar shapes, colors, and textures with landslides. They can be confusing to automatic tasks, contributing false and missed extractions. To solve the above problems, a background-enhancement method was proposed to enrich the complexity of samples. Models can learn the differences between landslides and background objects more efficiently through background-enhanced samples, then reduce false extractions on background objects. Considering that the environments of disaster areas play dominant roles in the formation of landslides, landslide-inducing attributes (DEM, slope, distance from river) were used as supplements, providing additional information for landslide extraction models to further improve the accuracy of extraction results. The proposed methods were applied to extract landslides that occurred in Ludian county, Yunnan Province, in August 2014. Comparative experiments were conducted using a mask R-CNN model. The experiment using both background-enhanced samples and landslide-inducing information showed a satisfying result with an F1 score of 89.08%. Compared with the F1 score from the experiment using only satellite images as input data, it was significantly improved by 22.38%, underscoring the applicability and effectiveness of our background-enhancement method.


A collisional-radiative model is applied to investigate the physical kinetic processes of hydrogen plasma arcjet. The results show that in the constrictor region of arcjet, the electron impact excitation and ionization are dominant. In the downstream region of arcjet, it is found that electron impact de-excitation and recombination processes are dominant. For low lying excited states, radiative processes are very important, while for high lying excited states, electron impact processes are dominant.


Tea is one of the three beverages in the world, Yaan is the famous tea region with long history, it has deep details of tea culture. By investigating and analyzing the clime, illumination, rainfall and breed resource of tea in Yaan. The tea cultivated regions are programmed: the most suitable, more suitable, suitable, non-suitable cultivated regions and tea culture-areas, fragrant flave-area and organic tea garden in Yaan. This is the theory to establish high quality and high yield tea garden.


Results of experiments on the plasmolysis of f ucoid eggs were reported by NAKAZAWA1). According to him, the permeability of NaCI and saccharose generally decreases after fertilization, and plasmolysis is much more liable to take place at or near the pole where the rhizoids are to be formed than in other regions. These facts seem to be related to the phenomena that the vital staining appears more promptly after fertilization with various dyes and that it begins at or near the rhizoid pole. The present writer repeated similar experiments on Coccophora eggs and, as a result, could obtain some new observations especially as to the regional change in the physical properties of the cytoplasm occurring with development after fertilization. The material was Coccophora Langsdorfii, collected at Asamushi in April, 1959. Eggs liberated in glass vessels were fertilized artificially, and tested at five developmental stages: (a) after liberation but before fertilization (Fig. 2A), (b) transformation stage (Fig. 2B), (c) just after the first nuclear division but before occurrence of segmentation (Fig. 2C), (d) just after the first segmentation (Fig. 2D), and (e) just before occurrence of the second nuclear division (Fig. 2E). Eggs at each stage were immersed in hypertonic solutions of NaCI and of saccharose at various concentrations. The plasmolysis pattern which occurred was inspected.


In this article, we consider a discrete-time risk model with insurance and financial risks. We derive some refinements of a general asymptotic formula for the finite-time ruin probability under the assumptions that the net losses follow a common distribution in the intersection between the subexponential class and the Gumbel maximum domain of attraction, and the stochastic discount factors of the risky asset have a common distribution with extended regular variation. The obtained asymptotic upper and lower bounds are transparent and computable.


In order to investigate the characteristics and causes of mercury distribution in multimedia environment in Lanzhou,the content of mercury in air,soil and water were measured by means of outdoor sampling and indoor analysis.The annual average concentration of total gaseous mercury in Lanzhou was 28.62 ng·m-3.In heating season,the average concentration of total gaseous mercury was 48.48 ng·m-3,much higher than 9.42 ng·m-3 in non-heating season.Mercury content in soil profile layers in Lanzhou varied considerably,was the highest in topsoil with a peak value of 0.117 mg·kg-1,and decreased to the background value as the depth increased.The total mercury concentration in water of Huanghe River was mainly composed of dissolved Hg in summer but included both dissolved Hg and particulate Hg in winter.Human behaviors,especially industrial activities,had significantly affected Hg concentration in air.Though the content of mercury in air and soil in Lanzhou didn't reach the pollution level,in most waters of Huanghe River,it exceeded Surface Water Environment Quality Standard Level Ⅲ.


Cochlear‐implant simulations have shown that good speech intelligibility in quiet can be obtained with very poor spectral resolution and no temporal fine‐structure information. It is not known how robust speech is to such processing in the presence of complex interfering sounds. This study examined speech reception for sentences in the presence of four types of interference (broadband noise, broadband noise modulated with a speech envelope, a single male talker, and a single female talker) and three processing schemes (24‐ and 8‐channel cochlear‐implant simulations and unprocessed). The spectral resolution in the 24‐channel condition was designed to be comparable to that of normal hearing, but the original temporal fine structure was replaced by noise in both the 24‐ and 8‐channel processing conditions. Performance with 24‐channel processing was substantially poorer than in unprocessed conditions, despite the relatively good frequency resolution. Eight‐channel processing produced the poorest performance. ...


In order to evaluate the accuracy in the analysis of a probe forming system, an average error of trajectories in a probe beam is defined. That is, taking the current weight into account, the error of individual trajectory passing through a small aperture is averaged. With this error, the accuracy of the paraxial and aberration theories and the suitability of these theories for the electron guns are discussed


Summary A standardized impregnated filter-paper bioassay technique was specially developed for screening insecticides against adults of the whitefly Bemisia tabaci Genn. (Homoptera, Aleyrodidae). It was found that the most suitable exposure period, after which mortality counts should be made, was 11·7 ± 2·1 h. Two different techniques for applying the insecticide solutions to the filter paper disks were tested and verified.


In the work, the results presented, gathered in the multicenter study ESSE-RF, and characterizing factors associated with insufficient control of blood pressure (BP) in arterial hypertension (AH) patients. Aim. Evaluation of the factors associated with insufficient BP control in Russian males and females age 25-64 y. o., with AH, by the ESSE-RF data. Material and methods . Representative selections were assessed of 13 regions of Russia, males (n=5563) and females (n=9737) 25-64 y. o., investigated in 2012-2013 y. Systematic stratified multistage random selection was applied. Response about 80%. All participants were surveyed with a standard questionnaire (demography, anamnesis, wealth). Mean values were calculated (M±m), quintiles and ranges. Methods of analytical statistics were applied: dispersion-co variation, logistic regression, odds ratio. Results . Two groups were revealed, with raised BP, that differ basically. Group one, those with BP higher than 140/90 mm Hg, not taking antihypertensive medication, and group two  — those who take medications, but do not reach target BP. Group one consists of men almost 2 times more, with risk factors, but no cardiovascular diseases in anamnesis. Only the heart rate (HR) and alcohol overconsumption significantly positively correlate with the treatment absence in men — OR=1,49 (p<0,001) and OR=1,47 (p<0,0001), respectively, as in women — OR=1,41 (p<0,003) and OR=1,62 (p<0,0001). Group two is characterized by higher level of the risk factors, and complete model of logistic regression has revealed positive associations of high HR, general obesity, high triglycerides and glucose with ineffective treatment in males; in females — high HR, general obesity. Conclusion. It is necessary to apply various approaches to increase the number of persons with controlled BP. Broad informing on healthy lifestyle, incl. target BP levels in those who do not visit physician office. Screening in AH is necessary, esp. for antihypertensive medication intake control.


The role of the immune response during Influenza H1N1 virus infection is not yet fully established, but it is believed that it decisively participates in the severity of the disease as well as in the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome. The role of immunomodulating therapies in the control of viral infections is not a consensus either, and data from the literature defining the indications for their use are lacking. The present report is, to our knowledge, the first on a heart transplant patient who developed H1N1 virus infection and had a favorable outcome, thus generating discussion on the real role of immunosuppressive therapy as a risk factor for the severe form of the disease.


The paper introduces a web-based Graduation Design management system.Via analyzing management of Graduation Design for the moment,describing method and researching result of web management,the paper points out that we carry out web management is not only available but essential.Meanwhile,the paper brings forward some advice on how to enhance the quality of Graduation Design by make good use of web management.


Background: Inflammatory biomarkers are associated with adverse cardiovascular events during ST-elevation acute myocardial infarction (STEMI). We aimed to investigate the role of inflammatory biomarkers, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and soluble ST-2 (sST2), for prediction of adverse cardiovascular events in STEMI. Methods: This was a prospective cohort study that consecutively enrolled patients with STEMI. Subjects were observed during hospitalization until discharge or fatal events happened. Adverse cardiovascular event was a compilation of cardiac mortality, acute heart failure, cardiogenic shock, reinfarction, and malignant ventricular arrhythmia. Blood samples were withdrawn on admission and inflammatory biomarkers (hs-CRP and sST2) were measured. The receiver operator characteristics curve and multivariable analysis were performed to determine which inflammatory biomarkers predict in-hospital adverse cardiovascular events and mortality. Result: Of 166 subjects, the in-hospital adverse cardiovascular events occurred in 41 subjects (24.6%) and mortality occurred in 16 subjects (9.6%). Subjects with in-hospital adverse cardiovascular events and mortality had a significantly higher hs-CRP level, but comparable sST2 level than subjects without events. The hs-CRP level was the most precise biomarkers to predict in-hospital adverse cardiovascular events (hs-CRP cut-off ≥2.75 mg/L) and mortality (hs-CRP cut-off ≥7 mg/L). Multivariable analysis indicated hs-CRP ≥2.75 mg/L as an independent predictor for in-hospital adverse cardiovascular events (adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 2.79, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.05-7.39, P = .039) and hs-CRP ≥7 mg/L for mortality (adjusted OR: 5.45, 95% CI: 1.13-26.18, P = .034) in STEMI. Conclusion: On admission, hs-CRP level independently predicted in-hospital adverse cardiovascular events, at cut-off level ≥2.75 mg/L, and mortality, at cut-off level ≥7 mg/L, in STEMI patients.


Contact angle measurements, by providing information on the properties of a surface, such as wettability and surface energy, are of growing importance in countless branches of science and technology. Unquestionably, the most accurate means of measuring the contact angle of a sessile drop is by computerized drop shape analysis, known as DSA or ADSA, which has been described in great detail by Neumann [1] and to which the authors have also made a contribution [2]. It should be noted that while most of Neumann's work relates to drops viewed in profile, he does also report the use of drop-shape analysis when viewed from above, i.e. the approach discussed here. However, the software used by him is not in the public domain, and it is not clear how to access it. Over two centuries since the work of Young [3], scores of methods have been proposed for contact angle measurement, many of which today are no more than scientific curiosities. However, a small number deserve a reappraisal, because the need remains for easy-to-use, low-cost techniques, not least those which can be used by operatives on the shop floor. Developments in open-source computer software and lowcost digital imaging devices are drivers for such a reappraisal. In 1941, Bikerman [4] proposed a novel method of measuring the contact angle of a sessile drop. This was based on viewing the droplet from above and measuring the diameter of the droplet, on known volume. For small volume spherical drops, he derived the equation : d3/v = (24sin3 θ) / (π(2 – 3cos θ + cos3 θ)


Using the Bragg X-ray diffraction method, the linear polarisation of quasi-molecular K radiation was determined for 1.3 MeV 24Mg+ to Mg and 1.7 MeV 31P+ to Si collisions. Polarisation values between +8% and +40% were found for X-ray energies between the separated and united atom K alpha energies. The measured values are compared with recently published calculations for N to N2 collisions at the same scaled velocity. The anisotropy values derived from the polarisation measurements agree well with anisotropies reported in the literature.


This study discovers the effectiveness of modular distance learning as an alternative learning modality and proposes a home-school link: a tutor's capacity-building enhancement training. The study examines the perceived level of competence and tutoring experiences of the parents while administering the self-learning modules (SLM) at home. The study determines the relevance of parents' tutoring competence and experiences to the learner's academic achievement, which were identified using a mixed-methods approach through conducting both surveys and interviews. The study used a purposive sampling technique to select the participants. This study reveals that parents are only proficient in administering the module, which demonstrates their need to undergo capacity-enhancement training. Facilitating the SLM emphasizes the significance of the delivery of instruction, employing the student-centered method, appropriate teaching strategies, student motivation, behavior management strategies, and time management. In this connection, the training specifically provides opportunities for the home tutors to acquire the knowledge and skills that they need to deliver a high-quality education to the learners. Moreover, this study reveals the different interventions and challenges encountered while administering modular distance learning. Conducting the teaching-learning process at home can be difficult for home tutors who do not possess the necessary competence to facilitate the SLM, which imposes a risk of producing high-quality outcomes in learners' academic achievement. Hence, it is crucial to implement the home-school link: a tutor's capacity-building enhancement training to nurture the necessary competences of the home tutors as partners in education. Implementing the enhancement training ensures the quality education our learners wholly deserve.


The 3rd International Conference on Open Magnetic Systems for Plasma Confinement, July 3-6, 2000, was organized by the Plasma Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan, in cooperation with the Japan Society of Plasma Science and Nuclear Fusion Research and the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science. It was a repeat of the former International Conference on Open Magnetic Systems for Plasma Confinement, July 27-31, 1998, Novosibirsk, Russia. Because a similar conference was held in Novosibirsk in 1993, this conference was named the 3rd International Conference. The conference included the topics of plasma confinement, plasma heating, transport phenomena, magnetohydrodynamic stabilization, mirror-based neutron sources, plasma diagnostics in open systems, systems for direct conversion of energy, prospects of mirror-based reactors, modeling of processes in divertors by plasma fluxes from mirrors, and application of mirror plasmas. Delegates from seven countries took part in the meeting. The conference program included 10 invited review lectures, 8 topical review lectures, 20 topical lectures, and 54 poster presentations. The scientific program and paper selection were the responsibility of the International Program Committee. All papers were reviewed by members of the committee and are published in the final camera-ready versions provided by the authors. It has been agreed that this conference should be repeated every two years. The 4th International Conference is planned to be in Taejeon, Korea, in 2002. The members of the organizing committee are grateful to the publishers for their cooperation.


Atomically thin 2D materials have drawn great attention due to their many potential applications. We herein report two novel structures of 2D C4N identified by first-principles calculations in combination with a swarm structure search. These two structures (with symmetry of Pm and P2/m) are almost degenerate in energy (with only 4 meV/atom difference) and exhibit quite similar structural topologies, both consisting of alternative arrays of C–N hexagon and arrays of C–N pentagon–octagon–pentagon. The Pm structure is semiconducting with a direct band gap of 90 meV at HSE. In contrast, the P2/m structure is a zero-band-gap semimetal and possesses the distorted Dirac cone, showing the direction-dependent Fermi velocity and electronic properties. Thus the predicted C4N monolayers are promising for applications in nanoelectronics.


A method for the Cu-catalyzed cross-coupling of both aryl and alkylboranes with aryl bromides is described. The method employs an inexpensive Cu-catalyst and functions for a variety of heterocyclic as well as electron deficient aryl bromides. In addition, aryl iodides of varying substitution patterns and electronic properties work well.


This article considered examples of sanctions in the history of Russia. On the basis of statistical data analysis of the impact of sanctions on international road transport.


Different type of fibers which is EFB and KC were liquefied in phenol with the presence of sulphuric acid as a catalyst. The liquefied residue was characterized by using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) to determine the functional groups presents in both residues, X-ray diffraction (XRD) to determine the degree of crystallinity in the residue, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) to analyze the thermal properties of the residue and scanning electron microscope (SEM) to investigate the structure and morphology of the residue. Phenol-to-EFB/KC ratio shows great effect on the amount of residue in the liquefaction process. Peak appearance can be observed in the FTIR analysis at 810 and 750 cm-1 which is attributed to the para and meta benzene, respectively or to be specific its associated to the p-alkyl phenol and m-alkyl phenol. In the XRD analysis, CrI of lignocellulosic materials increased after liquefaction process. Liquefaction process caused chemical penetration across the grain of the fiber, thus the fiber bundles started to separate into individual fibers shown in the SEM micrograph and the weights lost curve for both liquefied EFB and KC experienced three region decompositions.


Nowadays marketing is one of the most important activities of the organizations and when marketing department works productively, the organization will be more profitable. The purpose of writing the current paper is to prioritize the driving affecting factors on success in E-Commerce in Central Bureau of Mellat Bank (a great one in Iran). The research is applicable from goal view and descriptive from data collection. Also data collection method is library and fieldwork. For measuring the driving affecting factors on success in e-commerce, four main dimensions include efficiency, innovation, ability to valorize by colleagues and consolidating relation with customers were utilized. The results of applying fuzzy TOPSIS technique showed that "loyalty plans", "marketing, sale and advertising" and "horizontal goods" are the most important sub criteria and "Dependence of business model structure to copy right laws and business secrets" is the last one.


A kind of impulsive delay difference equation is studied and the sufficient conditions are obtained for the oscillation or nonoscillation of the solutions,and the conclusion is suitable also for the difference equation without impulsion.


Simultaneous recording of impedance and spontaneous electrical activity of the spinal cord was accomplished by use of a roving electrode. the method for this double monitoring in cats and in human surgery is described. the impedance method revealed a significant and well‐delineated difference between the gray and white matter of the spinal cord which can be seen clearly on the recording. Well‐localized high electrical activity was observed in the anterior horn.


Abstract Disclosure: V. Taqi: None. P. rimal: None. J.L. Gilden: None. Background: Hirsutism (HIR) is a common disorder of women of reproductive age, often due to polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). During post menopause (PM), there is usually diminishment of androgenizing hormone levels and symptoms associated with PCOS. However, rapidly progressive HIR and symptoms of virilization in PM women should always raise the question of androgen-secreting tumors, whether of ovarian or adrenal origin. Other rare causes include ovarian hyperthecosis and Leydig cell hyperplasia. We present a rare case of hyperandrogenism with endometrial carcinoma, associated with increasing hirsutism and normal ovarian imaging and pathology. Clinical case: A 56-year-old woman G3P3 PM for 2 yrs, with Type 2 Diabetes, obesity, HTN, hypercholesterolemia, IBS, Factor S Leiden, menarche at age 12-13 yrs, and PCOS s/p laser HIR removal, and previous regular menses, was referred to endocrine clinic for increasing HIR with diffuse hair loss for 6 months and suprapubic/abdominal discomfort. She also had prior corneal melanoma treated with radiation and cardiac ablation for arrhythmia. Her paternal grandmother had uterine cancer. Physical Exam: VS BP=121/78; HR=66; BMI=31 Kg/m²: (Ferriman-Gallwey score 16/36) with HIR on face, abdomen, chest and back, but no other virilization or cushingoid signs. Initial labs: elevated total and free testosterone (59 ng/dl, n<45), (9.3 pg/ml, n<6.4) respectively, unconjugated DHEA (55 ng/dL, n 77-85) low DHEA-S (29 mcg/dl, n 35- 430 mcg/dl) 17-OHP (50 ng/dL, repeat 44 (n≤ 45) with normal prolactin (5.4 ng/mL, n 0.7-31.6) ACTH (7 pg/mL, n 0-47), salivary cortisol <0.03 mcg/dL, FSH (50.3 mIU/mL ;n=5.9-72.8), LH (29.7 mIU/ml, n 1.1-52.4), estradiol (21.71 pg/mL (n <11-32.2). CT abdomen-hepatic steatosis, normal adrenals. US- heterogenous mass uterine fundus 1.1 x 1.0 x 1.0 cm with subendometrial calcifications, subcm follicles in ovaries. MRI-hypoechoic 0.7X0.8X0.7 cm uterine lesion, normal ovaries; Endometrial biopsy-disordered proliferative endometrium. Hysteroscopy with biopsy confirmed grade I endometrial adenocarcinoma. A total laparoscopic abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral oophorectomy (TAH/BSO) was performed. Pathology-endometrial carcinoma, endometroid type F1GO stage 1A with positive estrogen and progesterone receptors, normal ovaries. By 3 months postop, the HIR significantly decreased with normalized total and free testosterone levels (14 ng/dl), (1.8 pg/ml). Conclusion: This is a rare case of hyperandrogenism associated with endometrial cancer in a postmenopausal woman causing hirsutism with the resolution of symptoms and normalization of androgen levels following TAH/BSO. Clinicians should be aware to thoroughly evaluate postmenopausal women who develop sudden increasing signs of androgenization, particularly if it is of recent onset, and consider other rare diagnoses. Presentation Date: Saturday, June 17, 2023


Behaviors for other people's benefits is a voluntary society-friendly behavior aiming at helping others.Strengthening the cultivation of college students' behaviors for other people's benefits is significant to both college students' development but also the construction of the harmonious society.We should conduct the work by helping college students set correct view of value,conducting training of shifting feelings,setting good examples,and strengthening behaviors,so as to strengthen college students' behaviors for other people's benefits.


The potential of different plant based organic fertilisers (PBOF) to substitute animal based organic fertilisers (ABOF) in organic vegetable production were investigated in incubation, pot and field experiments. PBOFs have the potential to replace ABOFs. Particularly legume seed meals show fast net N-release even at low soil temperatures. Considerable differences in nitrate contents of vegetables can be found between the different fertilisers although fresh matter and N yields are nearly identical.


Remarkable prevalence of in-car entertainment systems empowers vehicular users to download multimedia-enabled contents in transit and creates a new business opportunity for content providers (CPs). However, the timely delivery of requested content is a major concern for CPs to improve the quality of service (QoS) of their subscribe users. Roadside unit (RSU)-based caching appears as a promising solution for CPs wherein CPs proactively store their content at the RSU to reduce the content delivery time. Since the RSUs are enabled with limited storage capacity, the competition among multiple CPs for storage space is unavoidable. Further, the CPs are connected with RSUs using capacity limited backhaul links. Hence the allocation of RSUs' storage among CPs becomes a fundamental issue in RSU-based caching networks. In this paper, we design a market scenario in which the set of CPs competes for the storage space of RSUs. In the unavailability of utility and cost functions of the CPs and the RSUs, we introduce a market maker to manage the marketplace. Further, we employ iteration-based double-sided auction mechanism to compute the optimal storage allocation and corresponding payment transfer for CPs which maximizes the social welfare of the networks. The simulation results demonstrate the proposed auction mechanism improves the social welfare of the network by at least 29.3% compared to the benchmark schemes. Further, with the help of both analytical and numerical analysis, we show that the proposed auction mechanism also holds vital economical properties.


Visceral adipose fat has been claimed by many studies to be the link between obesity and insulin resistance through the released adipokines. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of obesity and exercise on expression of vaspin as one of the recent adipokines in abdominal subcutaneous and visceral fat of diet-induced obese (DIO) rats and DIO rats performing 3 weeks swimming exercise (DIO+EXE) compared to control and control+exercise (C+EXE) groups and to evaluate vaspin's correlation with the visceral fat weight, insulin resistance and serum leptin level. Vaspin mRNA expression was detected in the obese and not in the control group. Moreover it was frequently detected in the DIO abdominal visceral fat compared to the subcutaneous one positively correlated with the body weight and insulin resistance, suggesting a role of vaspin in obesity induced insulin resistant states. Vaspin expression was absent in C+EXE group. Also visceral vaspin mRNA was unchanged in DIO+EXE rats (26.7% versus 40% of cases in DIO), in spite the significant improvements of insulin resistance parameters and serum leptin compared to DIO group denoting that vaspin expression is not related to exercise but rather to the increase in body weight which was not significantly changed by exercise alone. In Conclusion: Visceral vaspin expression increases in obesity associated with insulin resistance and is unchanged by exercise. Further investigations into the molecular links between vaspin and obesity may unravel innovative therapeutic strategies in people affected by obesity-linked insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, and type 2 diabetes.


Carbon fiber composites are self-healed by advance embedding of repairing agents in the composites. However, the repairing agent will influence the mechanical properties of the carbon fiber composites. In this study, poly(ethylene-co-methacrylic acid) (EMAA) filaments were stitched into carbon fiber-epoxy laminates to create a three-dimensional (3D) self-healing fiber system. Specimens with unmodified and self-healing laminates were manufactured. The mechanical properties of the carbon fiber-epoxy composite stitched with mendable polymer fiber for self-healing and unmodified laminates were compared experimentally. Results from the double cantilever beam test revealed that the stitched EMAA fibers increased the mode I interlaminar fracture toughness of the laminate by ∼120%. However, short-beam shear (SBS) strength of the composite laminates with the healing agents was slightly degraded, with a 37% reduction in the average SBS strength. The compressive-after-impact assessment showed that the strength was reduced by 6.6%. C-Scan revealed the 3D inter-connected self-healing EMAA network within the composite laminates.


Objective To seek effective emergency care means for patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).Methods Fifty cases with AMI were taken perfusion and thrombolytic therapy,and set up the nursing care of preoperative complications in accordance with sections on basis of conventional nursing care.Results There were 42 cases (accounted for 84%) of recanalization,1 case (accounted for 2%) of death for invalid rescue;7 cases (accounted for 14%) of complications,in which 2 cases (accounted for 4%) of hematuria,3 cases (accounted for 6%) of gingival hemorrhage,2 cases (accounted for 4%) of skin and mucous hemorrhage.Conclusion The means and process of rapid rescue and effective nursing of emergency nurse are the key to improve the success of AMI rescue matching up with doctor.


Background: Ancient and medieval herbal books are often believed to describe the same claims still in use today. Medieval herbal books, however, provide long lists of claims for each herb, most of which are not approved today, while the herb's modern use is often missing. So the hypothesis arises that a medieval author could have randomly hit on 'correct' claims among his many 'wrong' ones. Methods: We developed a statistical procedure based on a simple probability model. We applied our procedure to the herbal books of Hildegard von Bingen (1098– 1179) as an example for its usefulness. Claim attributions for a certain herb were classified as 'correct' if approximately the same as indicated in actual monographs. Results: The number of 'correct' claim attributions was significantly higher than it could have been by pure chance, even though the vast majority of Hildegard von Bingen's claims were not 'correct'. The hypothesis that Hildegard would have achieved her 'correct' claims purely by chance can be clearly rejected. Conclusion: The finding that medical claims provided by a medieval author are significantly related to modern herbal use supports the importance of traditional medicinal systems as an empirical source. However, since many traditional claims are not in accordance with modern applications, they should be used carefully and analyzed in a systematic, statistics-based manner. Our statistical approach can be used for further systematic comparison of herbal claims of traditional sources as well as in the fields of ethnobotany and ethnopharmacology.


Memristors have attracted considerable attention as next-generation devices for logic and neuromorphic computing applications, owing to their high on/off current ratio, low power consumption, and high switching speed. Despite the various excellent characteristics of memristors, they suffer from unstable conductive filament-based switching when applied in real-world applications. To address this issue, the effects of Schottky barrier modulation on device performance, in terms of conduction and failure mechanisms of an Ag/WOx/p-Si memristor, were investigated in this study by varying the silicon (Si) doping concentration. Through the temperature analysis of I–V characteristics, different conduction mechanisms are observed according to the doping concentration and resistance state. Moreover, endurance failure with several doping concentrations is analyzed by using filament overgrowth phenomena. The results of this study are expected to help in the development of devices with characteristics suitable for application.


There are many factors influencing the thin-film NiCr resistor's TCR(temperature coefficient of resistance),such as the vacuum degree during sputtering,sputtering rate,substrate temperature,film thickness and temperature and its holding time in heat-treatment.Discusses the relationships between TCR and these factors in view of the sputtering/depositing process and heat-treatment technology,thus providing necessary conditions for improving the stability of such resistors and lowering their TCR values.


Phosphor thermometry has been used for many years for non -contact temperature measurements. Aerospace systems are particularly prone to adverse high temperature environments, including large blackbody background, vibration, rotation, fire/flame, pressure, or noise. These environments often restrict the use of more common thermocouples or infrared thermometric techniques. Temperature measurements inside jet turbines, rocket engines, or similar devices are especially amenable to fluorescence tech niques. Often the phosphor powders are suspended in binders and applied like paint or applied as high temperature sprays. Thin coatings that are less than 50 µm thick are used on the surfaces of interest. These coatings will quickly assume the same temp erature as the surface to which they are applied. The temperature dependence of phosphors is a function of the base matrix atoms and a small quantity of added activator or "dopant" ions. Often for high temperature applications, the selected materials are refractory and include rare earth ions. Phosphors like Y 3Al 5O12 (YAG) doped with Eu, Dy, or Tm, Y 2O3 doped with Eu, or similar rare earth compounds, will survive high temperatures and can be configured to emit light that changes rapidly in lifetime and i ntensity. Recently, a YAG:Cr phosphor paint emitted fluorescence during short duration tests in a high Mach number hydrogen flame at 2,200 °C. One of the biggest challenges is to locate a binder material that can withstand tremendous variations in temper ature in an adverse aerospace environment. This presentation will give research results applicable to the use of phosphors for aerospace thermometry. Emphasis will be placed on the selection of phosphor and binder combinations that can withstand high tem peratures. Evidence for light pumping for Y 2O3:Cr/YAG:Ce mixture and preliminary triboluminescence results for ZnS:Mn will also be presented. These results are the first step towards the development of a smart material damage sensor.