Objective
To improve the understanding and diagnosis and treatment level of infant with Takayasu arteritis (TA) by analyzing the clinical features of 14 pediatric patients and reviewing related articles.

Methods
The clinical and follow-up data of infants with TA who were admitted to the Children′s Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics between July 2016 and May 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.By reviewing related articles, the clinical features of this disease were summarized.

Results
The age of 14 patients (including 6 males and 8 females) were between 1 month and 23 days and 28 months.The most common clinical manifestations were fever in 10 cases (71.4%), hypertension in 9 cases (64.3%), weak or no pulse in 5 cases (35.7%). According to the clinical type of lesion vessels, 11 cases (78.5%) were generalized type, 3 cases (21.4%) were brachiocephalic artery type, and there was no thoracic abdominal aorta or single pulmonary artery type in this group.Among 14 infants with TA, 12 cases had common carotid artery, carotid artery, subclavian artery, coronary artery and its branches (anterior descending branch, circumflex branch) involved (85.7%); 11 cases had renal artery involved (78.6%); 9 cases had radial artery involved (64.2%); 8 cases had abdominal aorta involved (57.1%); 6 cases had descending aorta involved (42.9%); 6 cases had thoracic aorta involved (42.9%); 6 cases had superior mesenteric artery involved (42.9%); 5 cases had femoral artery involved (35.7%); 5 cases had pulmonary artery involved (35.7%); and 4 cases had brachial artery involved (28.6%). In those 14 patients, 11 cases were misdiagnosed, and 3 cases had unclear diagnosis, with misdiagnosis duration of 18 days to 2 months.In misdiagnosed cases, 8 cases were misdiagnosed as atypical Kawasaki disease.Among those 14 cases, the ranges of most lesions were gradually decreased, and the slightly involved vessels even completely returned to normal state after treatment in 7 cases.The vascular imaging showed no significant exacerbation or improvement in 4 cases.Nine cases developed hypertension, the blood pressure of whom could be controlled within normal range with hypotensive drugs which could not be interrupted.Physical examination found weak or no pulse in 5 cases who were not improved.Among 14 patients, 7 cases showed normal development, while the height and body mass of another 7 cases were the 25th percentile below those of normal children of the same age.All 14 patients were followed up for 2-22 months and received regular treatment without recurrence.

Conclusions
TA patients aged less than 3 years tend to have more blood vessels involved, be in serious condition and have higher rate of misdiagnosis.The disease can be controlled quickly after treatment, but vascular diseases may be developed easily.Some patients have a poor prognosis.

Key words:
Infant; Takayasu arteritis; Clinical features


Study on enzymatic C 11 α hydroxylation of Steroid(3 oxo 4,6 diene Pregna 17 alpha hydroxy 21 carboxylic acid gama lactone) by Rhizopus stolonifer NG0305 which was stored in the central lab of the college has been conducted in the present paper. The results indicated the supplying method of carbon source seriously effecting on the hydroxylase activity. The complex carbon source composed of glucose and starch with amylase of Aspergillus niger has been applied, with which the inhibition on glucose has been relieved and the culture period has been obviously shorten with higher conversion rate of C 11 α hydroxylation. The product extracted from the mycelial pellets had been determinated by HPLC after enzymatic conversion for 88 hours, the determination showed that the conversion rate of C 11 α hydroxylation reaching 53.0%.


The invention relates to a wideband antenna with reduced dimensions, particularly for portable autonomous stations used in radio communication networks with terrestrial mobile, comprising a substantially planar member (33), said horizontal member, and a short member -Circuit (35) substantially perpendicular to said horizontal member (33), said vertical member (35), said vertical element connecting a first end (34) of said horizontal element (33) to the electrical earth of a processing unit, said microwave signals being conveyed between said processing unit and said horizontal element (33) by a coaxial cable (311) connected to said horizontal member (33), said horizontal element (33) comprising on at least a portion of its length at least two strands (37, 38) substantially parallel to each other and substantially perpendicular to said vertical member (35).


Metal loss in metallic structures, often as a result of corrosion, is a severe problem across multiple industries. Catastrophic consequence of structural failure due to such loss of structural metal requires an accurate determination and assessment of corrosion. Widely used electrochemical methods can only suggest the likelihood of the metal loss due to corrosion while failing to provide a quantitative measure of the accumulated amount of corrosion. Due to its unique advantages such as small size, light weight, resistance to electromagnetic interference and corrosion, fiber optic sensing technique has been emerging as a promising alternative for most sensing applications. In this paper, a novel type of ferromagnetic distance-based metal loss sensor is proposed based on the principle of fiber optic macro-bend loss. The proposed sensor is composed of the bended optical fiber, the magnet and a spring. The magnet is connected to the spring and the fiber bend is attached to the spring in such a way that the movement of the magnet will induce a change in bending radius of the optical fiber. Metal loss in the monitored sample increases the distance between the magnet and the metal surface and thereby reducing the magnetic force. A change in magnetic force will lead to the variation in light intensity loss of the fiber optic macro-bend, thus metal loss, such as in the form of corrosion pits, can be detected by the proposed metal loss sensor. The practicality of the proposed distance sensor for metal loss measurement is validated through scanning the fabricated corrosion samples.


When Lei Jingtian took charge of the chief of ShanGanNing border area's supreme court,combined with the judicial practice in ShanGanNing border area,he explained ShanGanNing border area charter of legal system,the judicial system and the idea about how to remoud the prisonors' ideology.What he had done made a great contribution to the legal system construction of the ShanGanNing border area.


Forty patients with histologically confirmed malignant dysphagia were randomized to either endoscopic intubation or laser recanalization. Age, sex, tumour histology and site were evenly distributed between the groups. Results were analysed on an 'intention to treat' basis. All patients treated by laser achieved patency; there was one failed intubation. The best swallowing grade achieved was significantly better with laser recanalization (median 4 (range 3–4)) than with intubation (median 3 (range 2–4)) (P < 0.001). The median survival was 21.5 (range 4–62) weeks in the group receiving laser treatment, compared with 14.5 (range 7–102) weeks in the intubated group (P = 0.09). The median inpatient stay as a proportion of survival time was 14 per cent in the group receiving laser treatment compared with 15 per cent in the intubated group (P > 0.05). The median weight loss was less in the laser‐treated patients (2.0 (range 2–8) versus 3.0 (range 0–10) kg, P = 0.04). These results indicate that laser recanalization provides better palliation of dysphagia than does intubation, but this is not reflected in an improvement in survival time.


Summary Student numbers are still rising, even in subject areas which find adaptation to such numbers extremely difficult because of scarce, expensive resources, or because of the necessity of individual student demands on staff time. Group work has been with us for a long time, but it is worth systematic formalizing in established and new courses with growing numbers and changing outcomes, just because of the kinds of learning styles it encourages, the development of student independence skills, problem solving and practice skills it encourages, and also because of the management of space and resources. The developments noted in this paper are the use of group‐based assessment, particularly assessment which focuses on the work of tutorless syndicate or peer groups, and, in particular, one method of such assessment, that of the assessment of oral presentations by the groups.


There is evidence that barium ions may be substituted for sodium ions to produce action potentials in crustacean muscle fibres (Fatt & Ginsborg, 1958) and in mammalian B and C fibres (Greengard & Straub, 1959). In these fibres the action potentials are remarkably prolonged in an isotonic barium solution. In mammalian A fibres, however, barium cannot be substituted for sodium, and isotonic barium causes conduction block (Greengard & Straub, 1959). A series of investigations on the excitation and electrical properties of cockroach giant axons has revealed that they resemble in many respects the giant axons of the squid, which have been widely regarded as representative ofnon-myelinated nerve fibres (Narahashi, 1960a). For example, the membrane potential of cockroach giant axons behaves quite similarly to that ofsquid giant axons with various external concentrations ofsodium and potassium (Yamasaki & Narahashi, 1958, 1959a), and the negative after-potential can be explained on the same basis (Narahashi & Yamasaki, 1960a). It is therefore interesting to examine the behaviour of the membrane potential of this non-myelinated nerve fibre under the influence of barium. Attention has recently been focused on the nature of the after-potential as well as on that of the spike potential. There have appeared many publications dealing with the augmentation and prolongation of the negative after-potential under a variety of experimental conditions (see Shanes, 1958). In the giant axons of the cockroach the negative afterpotential is increased by treatment with calcium-rich solutions and the insecticides dicophanum (DDT) and allethrin (synthetic pyrethrin) (Narahashi, 1960a, b; Narahashi & Yamasaki, 1960b, c). Barium also increases the negative after-potential of the giant axon of the cockroach and an attempt was made to elucidate the mechanism of this increase.


Modern network distance education system running on Internet is facing with various network threat and network attacks.This paper researches and discusses the relevant security mechanisms for current network distance education system from user authentication,distance communication insurance and server-side performance insurance.


It is found that CPA can improve disclosure quality,acts the guarder of accounting information,and that CPA auditing is an important reason causing earnings preannouncement change of listed companies.It may happen that listed companies collude with CPA,so securities regulators should exam the performance of earnings preannouncement system of listed companies.


Based on analysing the methods of ranking fuzzy numbers,a new mothod for ranking fuzzy numbers is proposed.Firstly,the ideal boundary is established;then the right and left Leave values of fuzzy numbers are calculated;Finally,integrating the Centroid index,a new method for ranking fuzzy numbers is formed based on the right and left Leave values.


This study explores the influence of the 1994 tax reform on intraprovincial inequality in financing basic education. The empirical analysis finds that the reform has decreased inequality in general, suggesting that the center may attain its policy goal through centralizing its relative fiscal capability and increasing the intergovernmental transfers. The data defy that there is a linear relationship between the fiscal dependency of the province on the center and educational inequality, even though the reform has changed the fiscal dependency of each province significantly. But the study strongly supports that there is a U-shaped relationship between fiscal dependency and inequality. This indicates that when fiscal dependency increases, education in a richer province will be more equal, whereas that in a poorer province will be more unequal.


Campus culture,a significant part of the culture of human society,undoubtedly has influence on the psychological soundness of campus members,especially the students of ethnic minority.This article analyzes the characteristics of the psychological soundness of the students of ethnic minority and discusses the influence of campus culture construction on it.The analysis and discussion are meaningful to institute of higher learning in terms of the training of more qualified people,particularly the ethnics,the development of education in regions of minority nationalities,and the prosperity of socialist culture.


There is practically no systematic knowledge of the functional structure of the national taxicab industry in small metropolitan areas, cities with a population of less than 265,000. Using a questionnaire as the basis for this article, the authors examine various dimensions of the taxicab industry in small metropolitan cities. This research documents various facts and test certain hypotheses based on neoclassical economic theory. Results of this study contribute to establishing a rational policy, whereby taxicab service is a complementary and integral part of an efficient urban transport system.


About the life and works of Ottoman poet and literary man, Tevfik Fikret who died on August 19, 1915. He was the head writer in Servet-i Funun review and he published Tanin review in colloboration with Huseyin Cahit and Huseyin Kâzim. He is an important representative of Edebiyat-i Cedide ( New Literature) Wave - 19 Agustos 1915'te olen sair Tevfik Fikret'in hayati ve eserleri hakkinda.


The data channel scheduling algorithm of traditional algorithm in optical burst switch is analyzed.To solve the shortage,a latest available unscheduled channel with smallest void based on calculating coefficient related to burst is presented.The advantages of the algorithm are analyzed in theory,and the performance of the algorithm is validated by simulation.The methods of the combination of theoretical analysis and realized simulation are used to analyze error.The result shows that the algorithm has biggish enhancement than traditional algorithm in channel transport efficiency,reducing burst loss ratio and minishing the congestion in network.


The development of the experimental technique of radio measurements of upper atmospheric ionization during the past few years has greatly enhanced our knowledge of this region of the Earth's atmosphere. This region is now commonly termed the ionosphere. The radio methods of observation are based upon the phenomenon of refraction of electromagnetic waves in a medium containing free charges. The index of refraction of such a medium to the electromagnetic wave is dependent upon the number of charges in the medium, their mass, and the frequency of the propagated wave. The medium is therefore dispersive, and the higher frequencies, which are less deflected, are more penetrating. If the angle of incidence at the medium and the total deflection of the wave is known, the numbers of charges of any given mass required to give this deviation can be calculated, and a numerical value of ionization can be thus obtained. This number is usually expressed in equivalent numbers of electrons, although it must be understood that if particles of greater mass are present, a greater number of such particles will give, in general, similar effects. If the motions of the particles in the Earth's magnetic field are considered, however, a limiting ratio of electrons to heavier particles can be determined. In this way it is also possible to ascertain information concerning the strength of the Earth's magnetic field in the ionized region.


The probability of filling a K-vacancy, created on the incoming part of the collision, before \ensuremath{\alpha}-particle emission is used to time the decay of Yb compound nuclei. These nuclei were produced in the fusion reaction 250 MeV $^{60}\mathrm{Ni}$${+}^{100}$Mo. In general the nuclear decays are too fast to be timed by this clock, however, \ensuremath{\alpha}-particle emitting compound nucleus states have lifetimes sufficiently long for this technique to work when both the \ensuremath{\alpha}-particle has low energy and the compound nucleus spin is large. This supports the existence of last, or near last, chance \ensuremath{\alpha}-particle emission in the deexcitation of high spin compound nuclei.


A case is presented in which regenerative growth of the vas deferens after vasectomy presented as a small tumour at the proximal stump. The histologic picture resembled a low-grade adenocarcinoma. A concomitant inflammatory reaction of granulomatous type was probably caused by extravasated sperm.


We explore the polytope structures for genuine entanglement, biseparability, full biseparability and Bell inequality of multi-qubit GHZ diagonal states. We first show that biseparable GHZ diagonal states make hypersimplices inside the simplices consisting of all GHZ diagonal states. Next, we consider full biseparability which is equivalent to positive partial transpose for GHZ diagonal states, and show that they make the convex hulls of simplices and cubes. We also visualize which part of the simplex violates multipartite Bell inequality. Finally, we compute precise volumes for genuine entanglement, biseparability, full biseparability and states violating Bell inequality among all GHZ diagonal states.


This slim volume provides an orthogonal view of a key mountain ecosystem in South America, the high-elevation grasslands called páramo. Páramo has long been seen by biologists as a classic island ecosystem, and much effort has gone into the use of island biogeography as a paradigm for explaining the development and diversity of these island-like habitats. Sarmiento takes a very different view. His contention is that páramo is a human construct and should not be treated as a pristine habitat; human interventions in páramo and their effects on communities and ecosystems of the Andes must be taken into account in consideration of the future of páramo and its conservation. The book will be difficult reading for many biologists (I found it challenging) because Sarmiento uses languagemore commonly used in the social sciences to describe his vision for analysis of Andean mountain ecosystems. There are many different kinds of biogeography, such as island biogeography, vicariance biogeography, cladistic biogeography, and dispersal biogeography, but the view in the book is characterized as a new field: critical biogeography. In Sarmiento's definition, critical biogeography differs from all of the above in that it involves the questioning of received wisdom. Surely that is what all science is, or should be, about. The general contention is that those studying Andean systems do not take into account the effects of Andean people, past and present, on the systems in which they live, and that the new discipline of critical biogeography will change that. I do have a great deal of sympathy with this view: for a long time, and still today, ''pristine'' or ''untouched'' wilderness or primary forest is spoken of as if those habitats were the only ones worth concerning ourselves about. But the science of today is not the same as that of yesterday and, in the past decade, scientists have come to a much deeper understanding of the interactions between local peoples and their environments in shaping the habitats we see today. Nature, however, is complex and far predated the arrival of our own species Homo sapiens in the mountains of South America. The first evidence for humans apparently crossing the Central American land bridge and settling the continent only dates to approximately 15,000 years ago, a blink of an eye as evolutionary time goes! So, studying the island biogeography of frailejones, the spectacular Espeletia species so characteristic of the páramo habitat in northern South America, is probably not such a crazy idea after all: their distribution patterns are likely to have predated human impact on their environment by quite a long way, and molecular dating studies confirm this. Tropical mountains have always had a hold on the imagination, the idea of the land rising so fast from the ''impenetrable'' forests of the lowland tropics is an image too fascinating to let go. The great geographer Alexander von Humboldt's now iconic illustration of Volcán Chimborazo (Chimburazu in Quechua as Sarmiento points out, he carefully uses the Quechua spellings for Andean place names throughout the book) is an example of the equivalence of altitude and latitude that shaped and still shapes thoughts about how mountain ecosystems work. Sarmiento contends that this is a retrograde step, and the overreliance on temperate zone paradigms for the climate and temperature zonation of tropical mountains has had a retarding influence on the understanding of their true nature. There is much in what he says; in a landscape so heavily influenced by people, leaving them out of the equation is unrealistic at best, and outright idiotic at worst. Imagine discussing the landscape of England, for example, without reference to human alteration of the habitat. Here in northern Europe, we take the human touch for granted after all, we are it. Perhaps when we see a habitat that is not quite the same, we forget those same obvious truths. The grassy páramos are indeed rather like the chalk grasslands of the Downs in England—not on chalk, to be sure, but, according to Sarmiento, maintained by grazing in the same way. Sarmiento uses the language and philosophy of poststructuralism to construct what he calls ''Sarmiento's trilemma,'' a definition of Andean that defines a geo-eco-cultural identity. This involves ''andeanity,'' physical characteristics, ''andeaness,'' cryptic, emergent properties, and ''andeatitude,'' a sort of mystic spiritual axis. I am not entirely convinced that this gets usmuch further in understanding the fascinating and complex landscape that is the northern Andes, but it is the framework for this entire book, so it is worth trying to figure out. I am not sure I managed. Complex and frustrating as this book is at times, it can be irritating too, when Sarmiento assumes that biologists have it all wrong when they call the Andean wolf a wolf when it is really a fox; well, so what, it is only a name! The book does have an important message for those interested in mountain ecosystems anywhere: People matter. They affect the landscape in both positive and negative ways, and the study of geography without taking the effects of our own species into account is only a start. It is so tempting to assume that places far from the completely humanaltered landscapes of the northern Hemisphere are pristine or in some way ''natural,'' but that is not the real story. The geological template of the mountains themselves creates a massive canvas for all the organisms that live there to interact: teasing out what patterns are human-created and what came before humans arrived is not easy. But several patterns do exist, and I think Sarmiento does the scientific community a disservice by suggesting MountainMedia Mountain Research and Development (MRD) An international, peer-reviewed open access journal published by the International Mountain Society (IMS) www.mrd-journal.org


ABSTRACT Recent studies have highlighted the unequal labor market effects of the Covid-19 crisis in advanced economies, while studies focusing on developing economies pointed to increases in poverty. We contribute to these literatures by drawing on a new survey of almost 40,000 adults in 14 advanced as well as emerging economies conducted in August 2020. We show that while labor market impacts are, on average, more severe in emerging markets, these are less unequally distributed than in advanced economies. We document that job losses in emerging markets are also concentrated among the young, less educated and those with lower levels of income before the pandemic. However, we find that the likelihood of job losses falls less sharply with income in emerging markets than in advanced economies. Drawing on a similar survey conducted in 2010 we show that, unlike the Global Financial Crisis, the Covid-19 crisis disproportionately hit women. Job losses also appear to be more concentrated among the young now than during the Global Financial Crisis.


6 Chapter 1, Introduction to Japanese Culture 7 Nippon 9 Japanese-ness 9 Behavior ideology 10 The Geisha, the Sex Worker, Kyabakura and Kabuki 13 The Japanese Host 14 Can Japanese-ness affect one's mental health? 18 Chapter 2, Methods 19 Kabuki-cho 22 Survey Monkey 28 It's what makes you Japanese 30 What's Private stays private, but at what cost? 31 There's no pill for that here 31 How well do you know these subcultures 33 I have no idea what he's saying to me 35 The Playboys and their shops 36 Ultimate service 51 I look visual kei but I don't really like it 52 It's charisma 53 "I like host clubs, the host image is kawaii, actually not kowai" 54 Is painted eyebrows makeup 55


The steady‐state shape of a finger penetrating into a viscous fluid that fills the gap between two closely spaced parallel plates is examined. Boundary conditions that take into account variations in the thickness of the thin film and both transverse curvature (across the gap) and lateral curvature (along the interface edge) are applied at the leading edge of the interface. These interface conditions, derived from local solutions in the vicinity of the interface edge, depend on μUn/T, where μ is the viscosity of the original fluid, Un is the normal velocity of the interface edge, and T is the interfacial tension. They also depend on e/R, where e=b/a≪1 is the ratio of gap width to cell width and aR is the lateral radius of curvature. The problem is solved by conformally mapping the domain to a circle. By expanding the solution in terms of analytic functions and satisfying the boundary conditions, the shape of the interface edge and finger width λ are determined. The agreement between numerical and experime...


Objective
To investigate the relationship between autophagy and metastasis of nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) cell lines 5-8F and 6-10B after X-ray irradiation and the related mechanism.

Methods
Two substrains, 5-8F and 6-10B, of the NPC cell line SUNE1, with high and low metastatic potentials, respectively, were used in our study. After 4 Gy X-ray irradiation, 5-8F cells were treated with rapamycin (2.0 μmol/L) to induce autophagy and 6-10B cells were treated with LY294002(10 μmol/L) to inhibit autophagy. The autophagy and metastatic activity of NPC cells were determined using qRT-PCR, Western blot, Transwell assay, laser confocal microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy.

Results
5-8F cells showed a lower level of autophagy than 6-10B cells after X-ray irradiation. Rapamycin increased the autophagy and inhibited the metastasis of 5-8F cells after irradiation, while LY294002 inhibited the autophagy and increased the metastasis of 6-10B cells.

Conclusions
NPC 5-8F cells, which have a high metastatic potential, have a lower level of autophagy than 6-10B cells, which have a low metastatic potential. Autophagic inhibition could increase the metastatic activity of NPC cells, while autophagic activation could reduce their metastatic activity. Mechanistic analysis indicates that the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway is involved in this process.

Key words:
X-ray irradiation; Cell line, nasopharyngeal; Autophagy; Metastasis


One way of improving the resolution of particles by size is to minimize the difference in RCF between the top and bottom of the sample. Practically this is achieved by layering the sample as a narrow band over a continuous density gradient. This is called rate-zonal gradient (sedimentation velocity) centrifugation; the conditions are chosen such that ρρ always remains greater than ρl. In a continuous gradient the density increases in a smooth but not necessarily linear fashion and can be generated by a number of methods described later. By allowing the particles to sediment through such a density gradient the resolution and recovery of particles is generally improved. The particles move down through the gradient in the form of discrete zones at a rate that depends principally on their size (see figure below). Resolution between the zones decreases as the radial thickness of the sample increases so the efficacy of rate zonal fractionation is limited by sample size, which is commonly no more than 10% of the total gradient volume. The aim of ratezonal centrifugation is to devise conditions that will allow each zone of particles to move down through the gradient at a more or less constant velocity (isokinetic gradient). In a continuous gradient the particles are decelerated by the increasing viscosity of the medium and the reducing (ρp ρl) factor; ideally the acceleration (RCF) and deceleration forces should balance one another. A discontinuous density gradient (density increases in step-wise fashion) is never used for rate-zonal separations as sudden changes in viscosity and density would lead to irregular separation of the zones of particles as they move from one step to another.


In order to reslove the problem that the traditional placing lines of temperature controling system in the storied building,the text designs a temperature controling system in the storied building that consists of MSP430F2121;temperature sensor and so on.And in this system the cable is replaced by wireless module that can send information to each other.In this controling system the temperature will be not only displayed in the room but also be sent to the computer in the contorling room by wireless module.The computer in the contorling room can receive the datas sent from a room's wireless module and analyse them,and then it sends commands to the wireless module and contorl the temperature in that room.


Drawing on my own research experience, I argue in this paper for the advantages of a middle way in research which brings together the strengths of both qualitative and quantitative methods. This avoids the all too common tendencies in contemporary sociology to argue either from a very small number of individual biographies, or from sets of statistics not supported by in-depth research: research using one eye rather than two. This middle way has long been a familiar approach among historians, and also with a number of distinguished pioneer social researchers—including here Raymond T. Smith, Janet Finch and Peter Townsend—with whom I have recently recorded life story interviews. I also reflect on my own experience of some of the practical difficulties of using life stories drawn from large-scale samples and linked to quantitative studies, and in particular a recent study of stepfamilies based on the National Child Development Study cohort. I conclude that the philosophy of research needs to be changed, so that instead of a hardmethod and a soft method keeping their distance from each other except at the initial or concluding stages of research, the expectation should become a zigzag of mutual exploration: a sociology using both eyes to the full.


Ever since the spread of the Coronavirus pandemic popularly known as Covid-19, researchers have dwelled in finding ways to curtail the spread of this disease. The disease has no known treatment but the best way of reducing its spread is by conducting tests, to identify people with positive cases, and isolate them from the general public. Despite the efforts being made by medical practitioners and media houses to provide public awareness, the general public is still shunning away from the covid-19 tests, because of the sentiments rumored about the disease and the complications of the testing process. In some countries, even the cost of the tests is beyond the reach of common citizens or simply not affordable. Researchers proposed cost-effective deep learning models of detecting covid-19 from the chest x-ray images, to serve as a diagnostics aid or an improvised tool in places where the testing materials are not affordable or available. However, the models are very cumbersome, making them expensive to train, the model also suffers from a long inference time. As the matter of diagnosis is critical, it is necessary to provide a new faster models with shorter inference time. Therefore, this paper proposed a novel covid-19 diagnosis using dataset distillation. The model used only 70 instances out of 3,616 available instances in the X-ray dataset, making the model resource inexpensive, and faster to train. The performance of the proposed model achieved 95% accuracy when tested, the model also outperformed the convolutional neural network (CNN) model trained with a full dataset in terms of accuracy.


It is well known that the Kripke model for the modal logic system S5 can be interpreted as an approximation space in rough set theory. In this paper, we generalize the interpretation to relational granulation. We consider two multimodal logics for reasoning about relational granulation in open world and closed world environments respectively. In an open world environment, two objects are granulated into the same equivalence class only if they have the same relationship with other objects, while in a closed world environment; two objects are granulated into the same equivalence class if and only if they have the same relationship with other objects. Such equivalence relations are represented by derived modalities from modal operators representing the relationships between objects.


Described as a force for peace since its establishment in 1967, asean is now confronted with a slew of political and security issues that has severely challenged its modalities of addressing regional problems, including the internal conflicts of its member states. The continuing political crisis in Myanmar reflects the kinds of dilemmas faced by asean in keeping to its sticky regional norms and practices while being a responsive and effective regional organisation. As asean struggles to become "fit for purpose", the paper argues that a negotiated "asean Way", founded on ideas of positive peace and human security, allows asean to chart a renewed regional agenda for maintaining peace and security in Southeast Asia, while at the same time contributing to comprehensive efforts on managing regional conflicts and preventing atrocities.


On the basis of clamed aim with the help of interview and polling we observed 825 kids from 0 to 14 years inclusively. Among them 29,6% are males and 70,4% ‐ females. Among them the following pathological states were revealed: alimentary organs diseases (gastritis and duodenitis) composed 37,6 %, blood diseases (anemia) – 42%. In the endocrine diseases development: diabetes mellitus was observed in 5,7%, obesity in 30,8 %. Among allergic diseases: frequently occurred disease was atopic dermatitis ‐5% , allergic nettle rash ‐ 5,9 %, allergic dermatitis – 11%, bronchial asthma of allergic genesis – 26,3%. Abovementioned diseases were related closely to irrational and irregular nutrition in 98,6% of cases.


This paper presents an alternative, computational intelligence based paradigm for biological attack detection. Conventional approaches to this difficult problem include sensor technologies and analytical modeling approaches. However, the processes that constitute the environmental background as well as those which occur as the result of an attack are extremely complex. This phenomenological complexity, in terms of both physics and biology aspects, is a challenge difficult to overcome by conventional approaches. In contrast to such approaches, the proposed approach is centered on automatic learning to discriminate between sensor signals that are in a normal range from those that are likely to represent a biological attack. It is argued that constructing machine learning methods robust enough to perform such a task is often more feasible than constructing an adequate model that could form a basis for bioattack detection. The paper discusses machine learning and multisensor information fusion methods in the context of biological attack detection in a subway environment, including recognition architecture and its components. However, the applicability of the proposed approach is much broader than the subway bioattack protection case, extending to a wide range of CBR defense applications.


BRAVE NEW WORLDS WALKER ART CENTER MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA OCTOBER 4, 2007-FEBRUARY 17, 2008 Viewing "Brave New Worlds" is an arduous experience, but worthwhile, for it is the most intellectually and emotionally courageous show I have seen in years and all the more bold for its emotive aspects). Although Doryun Chong and Yasmil Raymond rightfully laud the creative bravery of these twenty-four artists from seventeen countries who are "responsible to the 'world,'" these two Walker curators are no less daring visionaries. Not only for proffering an "antidote" to Aldous Huxley's terrifyingly efficient future, but for eschewing the museum world's decades-long dependency on semi-shocking or incomprehensible spectacle as a means of attracting an audience. These seventy political, and poetical, artworks justly implicate the viewer. Rather than shame us, however, their subtle potency convinces us that we must be responsible to the world too. [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] The exhibition is monopolized by the moving image, but this is no cheap attempt to mesmerize viewers. Instead, the incessant use of film, video, and televisual footage functions as a crystalline mirror of our world's most preferred mode of obtaining information. Erik Van Lieshout's Guantanamo Baywatch, Parts 2 and 3 (2007) is an anarchic video road show that follows the artist and his editor through New Mexico and Israel, and one cannot help but view these two holy fools as the artworld version of Beavis and Butthead. Accordingly, their ostensibly infantile banter is revealing in its vulgarity, and such inane refrains as "Hothead Arabs, Jews, all is line!" may very well scream what the mannered world cannot. Sex and violence also collide within their expanded cinema's entranceway, where Van Lieshout's mixed media drawings of scantily clad women, the words Israel and Iraq scrawled across their breasts, resemble a twenty-first century DeKooning weaned on cable, crystal meth, and American Apparel Ads. Inside, the "boys in the basement" sensation is heightened by a random arrangement of thrift-store chairs. Stuck kamikaze style on the slanted floor, they force one along for a wild ride. In Schema (Television) (2006-2007), Sean Snyder more cynically proves Marshall McLuhan's belief that the medium becomes the message, but questions whether a universal penchant for cheesy game shows is really proof that we are all one global village. Snyder edits together seconds-long segments from hundreds of television networks around the world, accrued via satellite, then intersperses them with such seemingly cliched platitudes as "Television always speaks the truth not the whole truth because there is no way to say it all." As they rapidly interrupt one another, a clip of a cow under a shower becomes no more significant than Vladimir Putin on a fighter plane: all is equalized. More frightening, however, is the recognition that this is precisely the same way and speed at which so many of us amass our own knowledge about the world's diverse cultures: we are all flicking through a thousand channels, considering each for no more than a millisecond. This superficial homogeneity brought on by globalization is perhaps the saddest aspect of the "world" illustrated within these heterogeneous works. As most capital cities now seem a standardized amalgamation of concrete and commerce, it is only the predominance of Arabic calligraphy or Chinese characters that indicate a place other than where you already are. Perversely, then, the images that lack such specificity become all the more powerful for their universality. One such series, "The Sleepers, Tangier 2006," by Yto Barrada, initially appears to be comprised of photos of homeless men, all of whom lie prone upon grassy, trash-strewn public spaces. Their holey socks and ill-fitting shoes are the first universal iconographic element suggesting all is not right. And it is not. …


The purpose of this study is to investigate the concentration levels of particle materials (, asbestos), gas materials (, CO, , HCHO, Rn, VOCs) and total suspended colony (TSC), and the correlations among these materials in indoor air quality of 54 multiple-use facilities and 15 public-use facilities of Gwangju. The highest mean concentration of was at indoor parking place, followed by childcare facilities, large commercial building and subway station building. The highest mean concentration of CO was 2.7 ppm at indoor parking place and that of was 604.1 ppm at medical service facilities. The highest mean concentration of was 0.036 ppm at indoor parking place. The geomean concentration of HCHO was in all facilities and the highest was at art gallery. The geomean concentration of VOCs (5 species) was in all facilities and toluene was the highest material of , followed by xylene, ethylbenzene, benzene and styrene. The highest mean concentration of TSC was at jjimjilbang, followed by childcare facilities, medical service facilities and large commercial building. The highest of asbestos was 0.0072 each/cc at childcare facilities and that of radon was 1.41 pCi/L at art gallery. PM10 showed positive correlations to TSC with by lognormal equation at childcare facilities. CO2 showed positive correlations to CO at childcare facilities and indoor parking place. Lognormal equation fitted to the VOCs data more than normal equation in all facilities.


In this paper we study a generalization of the homology of the Spivak fiber of a 1-connected space over any field and deduce consequences concerning Poincare complexes, Gorenstein spaces and finiteness properties on fibrations.


Objective Carbon emission per unit of natural rubber product and per area in Hainan State Farms in 2002-2009 was measured to study the important influencing factors and their decomposition for carbon emission. Method The in-put-output data of natural rubber in Hainan State Farms were used for calculation and decomposition based on Kaya identical equation. Conclusion Fertilizer, fuel, pesticides, and electricity were the most important inputs. Carbon emission per unit area was higher than that of agricultural land. Carbon emission per unit product was strongly related to natural disasters. Production efficiency improvement was the dominant factor for carbon emission reduction, and the scale effect was the main reason for increasing, while the structure effect was a critical factor. SuggestionTo cut carbon emission from rubber production, it is proposed to reduce fertilizer use, optimize processing technique of primary natural rubber products, use less power, and strengthen the wind resistance of rubber plantation.


Nowadays,with the continuous improvement in the economic level in the northwest China,colleges in this region actively developed tennis,which had a profound impact on the construction of campus sports culture.This article studies on tennis campus sports culture in the northwest region.It found that the lack of campus tennis facility affected the passion and exercises of students in northwest universities;Active practice of tennis in the northwest universities could facilitate the facility building and school management system.Tennis teaching and competition and extracurricular tennis activity mobilized the participation enthusiasm of students,enriched northwest campus sports culture and life experience,and created active sports exercise environment.Tennis has been involved in establishing positive health of college students in the northwest region,cultivating the sports ethic of honest,fair play and free from arrogance and rashness,and the quality of competition,will,dedication and patriotism.


EN As a union of 25 states with over 450 million people producing a quarter of the world's Gross National Product (GNP), the European Union is inevitably a global player... it should be ready to share in the responsibility for global security and in building a better world. No single country is able to tackle today's complex problems on its own


Maths Homework for Key Stage 2 is a unique resource for busy teachers - a selection of 'pencil-free hands-on activities that teachers can use as extension activities or give to pupils as homework to do with members of their family or friends. Each of the activities encourages the pupils to learn through discussion and through practical activities utilising everyday resources.


Let $G=(V,E)$ be a connected infinite and locally finite weighted graph, $\Delta_p$ be the $p$-th discrete graph Laplacian. In this paper, we consider the $p$-th Yamabe type equation $$-\Delta_pu+h|u|^{p-2}u=gu^{\alpha-1}$$ on $G$, where $h$ and $g$ are known, $2<\alpha\leq p$. The prototype of this equation comes from the smooth Yamabe equation on an open manifold. We prove that the above equation has at least one positive solution on $G$.


We resolve redundancies in the characterizations of the Banzhaf value suggested by Haller (1994, Int J Game Theory 23, 261-281) and Malawski (2002, Int J Game Theory 31:47-67). In particular, we show that the collusion properties employed by them are equivalent. Combined with the dummy player axiom, any of the collusion properties has strong symmetry implications whenever the cardinality of the player set exceeds two. Finally, we establish that the Banzhaf value is non-redundantly characterized by the dummy player axiom and any of the collusion properties, provided that the player set is as above.


Frequency modulated continuous wave synthetic aperture radar (FMCW SAR) is a new radar system, which has a series of advantages such as small volume, light weight, high resolution, low power consumption and low interception. At present, FMCW system is widely adopted in small or micro SAR. FMCW SAR transmits signals in the whole sweep period (PRT), and the duty cycle of the signal is more than 80%. Ignoring the instantaneous range change of the target caused by the continuous movement of the radar platform in the process of transmitting the signal will lead to the distortion of the received echo signal. In order to improve the antenna isolation and enhance the application of the algorithm in practical engineering, this paper adopts the same orbit forward dual satellite mode with the space of 10km and the side view of the transmitting satellite, and models the echo signal of FMCW SAR under the dual satellite system, The signal characteristics are analyzed. This paper explains that the continuous motion of the dual satellite platform produces a Doppler frequency shift in the range direction. Firstly, frequency scaling is performed in the azimuth frequency domain, and then the residual video phase (RVP) compensation is completed in the two-dimensional frequency domain. An improved frequency scaling (FS) algorithm suitable for dual satellite FMCW SAR imaging processing is given, The correctness and feasibility of echo model and imaging algorithm are verified by point target simulation.


The high reproductive potential of the greenbug, Schizaphis graminum (Rondani). causes damaging populations before limiting number of parasites become sufficiently active. For this reason it may be necessary to release large numbers of parasites to obtain adequate early-season greenbug control. To be assured of large numbers of parasites at the proper time for release, it may be helpful to store parasites.


Figure 1, the concept of differential holography is similar to edge scans that are widely used to obtain the profile of a narrow beam. While fine slits are difficult to make, a sharp edge produced by very crude fabrication method can deliver surprisingly high resolution beam profile scans. Shown on the left is the schematics of a typical slit scan whose resolution is determined by the slit width, where as shown on the right, the edge scan resolution is determined by the edge sharpness.


Accurate and efficient short-term traffic flow prediction is critical for intelligent transportation systems. Traffic flow data has characteristics such as non-stationarity, dynamics, and spatial correlation, no particular method significantly outperforms all others. This paper focuses on the ensemble learning models which can benefit from multiple base models. Firstly, the spatiotemporal cross features are obtained through feature engineering strategies and feature selection strategies, and the lightweight decision tree algorithm LightGBM based on GBDT is used to combine these features to mine spatiotemporal correlation information. Secondly, graph convolution network (GCN) is used to mine the spatial correlations of traffic flow from different observation locations. Thirdly, long short-term memory network (LSTM) is applied to extract the temporal features of the traffic flow. The blending ensemble learning algorithm gives out the prediction results by integrating above three models. This proposed method is validated by using the PeMS04 dataset, and the results show that proposed method performs better than other methods in traffic flow prediction.


By cytokine-induce method dendritic cells(DCs) generated from bone marrow of BALB/c mouse were cultured in complete RPMI 1640 medium containing 10 % FBS,rmGM-CSF and rmIL-4.Lactobacillus exopolysaccharide,lipopolysaccharide LPS and RPMI1640 were added to cells,respectively.Level of NO was detected by NO analyzing Kit.The level of mouse IL-12p70,IL-10 and RANTES in culture supernatant was determined by sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Lactobacillus exopolysaccharide could increase the secretion of NO,proinflammatory factor IL-12p70,anti-inflammatory factor IL-10 and chemokines RANTES,were 110%,194%,76% and 133% of the control group respectively,and expressing dose-dependent effect.Lactobacillus exopolysaccharide could promote the secretion of murine bone marrow-derived.


This addition to the New Ways series from TESOL offers dozens of short articles, both conceptual and practical, on the teaching of culture in an ESL/EFL context. The book begins with the premise that "language and culture are dimensions of each other, interrelated and inseparable" (p. 4). Fantini goes on to equate communicative competence with language itself, which is a much more tenuous position. However, this equation lends only an underpinning to the material that follows.


We examine a dynamic, durable goods model. A monopolist faces two types of consumers who value the monopolist's goods differently. The quality of the good improves over time and an improvement is only valuable to consumers if they have previous improvements. In each period, the monopolist can sell any possible bundle of previous improvements along with the current improvement. The firm cannot condition its prices or bundles that it offers an individual consumer. Thus, we are in the anonymous purchasing framework as defined by Fudenberg and Tirole (1998). Furthermore, the firm cannot commit to either future prices or bundles. Our main application is the software market, but the model also addresses issues important in other markets such as those for video games. We characterize the subgame perfect Markov equilibrium. Our results include the following. The equilibrium will exhibit cycles in the sense that the distance between the qualities of goods held by high and low types will grow from an initial level and then the low types will "catch-up" to the quality distance at the beginning of a cycle. This generates an underlying stationarity of the equilibrium. We interpret this catching up phase as an introduction of a new generation of software as opposed to an upgrade. We also show that the equilibrium can be "non-Coasian" in the following sense: there can be periods where there are no sales of an improvement to the low value consumers in a period, even though all high value consumers already possess the improvement. The reason that the firm may engage in such a strategy is that not selling to low value consumers today makes it more costly for high value consumers to mimic low value consumer's behavior and obtain information rents. This allows the firm to charge a higher price for the current improvement to the high value consumers. In other words, the intertemporal incentive compatibility constraint for the high value consumers is relaxed by not selling to low value consumers. We relate our work to the bundling literature where consumers can have many different preference parameters.


The calibration of radiocarbon dates on marine materials involves a global marine calibration with regional corrections. Data from well-associated marine and terrestrial materials in archaeological artifacts from northern Chile indicated that the calibration is valid for the period ad 200–900 and suggest that coastal upwelling intensities during that period were similar to those of the early 20th century.


William M. H. Sijabat, 2013: Pengaruh Kepemikan Manajerial, Kepemilikan
Institusional, dan Komite Audit terhadap Kualitas Laba.
Pembimbing : (I) Marsellisa Nindito SE., Akt., M. Sc.; (II) Choirul Anwar SE.,
Akt., MBA., MAFIS.
This research aimed to examine the influence of managerial ownership,
institutional ownership, and the audit committee on the quality of earnings
through tests simultaneously and partially. This research uses secondary data
obtained from the site for the Indonesian Stock Exchange in 2009, 2010, and
2011. The data collected in this research include corporate financial statement
data for the years 2009, 2010 and 2011. The number of samples collected is thirty
nine (39) companies that go into the rating from IICG. From the data that has been
collected and then processed and analyzed using multiple regression analysis at a
significance level of 5%.
The results at the 5% significance indicates that the audit committee is
statistically positive effect on earnings quality and managerial ownership and
institutional ownership sodium absorption ratio affect the quality of earnings.
Simultaneous test proves that managerial ownership, institutional ownership, and
audit committee affect the quality of earnings. The coefficient of determination
(R2) shows the number 0,193 which indicates that the model is able to explain the
effect of independent variables on the dependent variable of 19,3%.
Keywords: managerial ownership, institutional ownership, audit committee,
the quality of earnings.


Friction stir welding (FSW) has produced a great impact in several industries due to the advantages that this process presents. In particular, the automotive industry has developed a variant of the original process, called Friction Stir Welding (FSW), which has a strong interest related to the welding of aluminum alloys and dissimilar materials in thin sheets. Aluminum welding is an actual challenge, being FSW an alternative to produce these joints. However, the information available related to the influence of process parameters on the characteristics of aluminum joint is scarce. The aim of this work was to study the effect of different welding tool and its depth, during friction stir welding (FSW) of overlaps joints of commercial aluminum and then optimize the process parameters of Friction Stir Welding. FSW was done on drilling machine which never done before. MS tool is used for this study without pin. From the welded specimen Tensile Strength was obtained. It was concluded that the maximum Strength was found 149.5 MPa. The efficiency of FSW at optimum parameters was 79%. IndexTerms Friction Stir Welding; Mild Steel pin less tool; Hardness; Strength; Microstructure.


Therapies are termed as Complementary when used in addition to conventional treatments and as alternative when used instead of conventional treatment. These therapies are less researched than conventional therapies & some therapies have been continuing same concepts from ancient times.
  Both psychiatrist & physicians can use these therapies in conjunction with conventional treatment. In recent times, research has escalated in various modalities of complementary & alternative medicine, but further research is required testing their effectiveness & efficacy.(1) This review article aims at delineating various modalities of complimentary & alternative medicine.


Propofol and sevoflurane as frequently used general anesthetics can affect postoperative pain. Our study explored whether the incidence of postoperative pain differed among patients with chronic pain undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) anesthetized with sevoflurane or propofol.


User modeling is an integral part of any personalized information retrieval system. The user model should be adaptable in order to capture the change in information needs of the users. In this paper, we present an ontology based user modeling strategy in the context of personalized information access. We have adopted a hybrid approach by capitalizing on the features of static and dynamic user profiling strategies. Static user profile specifies the user's interest in a very focused manner and dynamic user profiling adds the feature of adaptability into it. The dynamic user profiling strategy make use of the data sources like usage log and mouse operations that are performed by the users during the browsing sessions. Experiments have performed to evaluate the proposed method for user profiling.


In this wonderfully entertaining and instructive book Michael Schmidt gives us a history of English poetry from its beginnings to 1500. The book divides into two halves - the first is a history of the poets' lives, the times during which they were writing, and an account of their works; and the second is an anthology of poetry from the first English poem by Caedmon, which can be dated to about 657AD, to Langland, Gower, Chaucer, Lydgate, Dunbar, and Hawes. Schmidt shows how language and the poetic imagination are shaped by politics and history, and brilliantly describes the workings of Old and Middle English, using modernised texts to render it unintimidating to our modern ears. This is an invaluable book for all readers of poetry and students who will find no other competing volume available. This is the first book in a major four-volume project to provide the most comprehensive history of English poetry.


American Family-Owned Business Act - Amends the Internal Revenue Code to exclude from the gross estate specified portions of the adjusted value of the qualified family-owned business interests of the decedent.


The title compd. crystallizes in orthorhombic space group Pbca with a 13.9570(14), b 16.3850(9), c 16.6910(16) A�; Z = 8; R = 0.0560 for 2131 reflections. The 1,4-dihydropyridine (1,4-DHP) ring has a flat boat conformation. The mols. are linked into chains by N-H···O bonds. [on SciFinder(R)]


A description of a meagerly known whip-scorpion species, "Trithyreus sawadai KISHIDA, 1930", which is now regarded as a species of the genus Schizomus, is given for the first time. In spite of insufficient original treatment which was presented only by figures, the specific name has still validity in the Zoological Nomenclature. Originally this animal was found from "the Bonin Islands", but this time it was exclusively discovered from Chichi-jima Island in the same Islands. It may be allied to "Trithyreus" luzonicus HANSEN known from Luzon in the Philippines, but can be distinguished by the shape of flagellum of both sexes from all the other "Trithyreus" hitherto known.


Following the Screw-worm Fly Emergency Preparedness Conference held in Canberra in 2001 numerous recommendations were made. They included enhancing surveillance, undertaking essential research to improve the potential of the sterile insect technology (SIT), updating the bio-economic model for a possible screw-worm fly incursion and resolving the management and coordination of the screw-worm fly preparedness strategy. It is now four years since this seminal meeting and an appraisal of some of the key recommendations and their implementation is considered timely.


The present invention addresses the problem of providing a cell line having a novel resistance mechanism that is completely different from the resistance mechanisms in conventional hormone therapy, a screening method using the cell line, and a method for determining whether or not a breast cancer patient has acquired the aforesaid resistance mechanism.
Provided are: a method for preparing androgen receptor activity-dependent breast cancer cells, said method comprising a step for culturing T47D-TE8 cells in an estrogen-depleted medium in the presence of androgen; a screening method using the breast cancer cells; and a method and a kit for determining the presence or absence of the acquisition of androgen receptor activity dependence in a breast cancer patient with the use of at least one member selected from the group consisting of KLK3, DDC and AR as an indicator.


(57) comprises a buffer solution which can slightly be fixed to the alkaline pH of the Abstract medium, glycerol is added, and the divalent metal cation or an alkaline cation is not applied, comprises an adenoviral particle liquid and frozen composition.


1. Mauri T, Lazzeri M, Bellani G, Zanella A, Grasselli G. Respiratory mechanics to understand ARDS and guide mechanical ventilation. Physiol Meas 2017;38:R280–H303. 2. Bellani G, Grasselli G, Teggia-Droghi M, Mauri T, Coppadoro A, Brochard L, et al. Do spontaneous and mechanical breathing have similar effects on average transpulmonary and alveolar pressure? A clinical crossover study. Crit Care 2016;20:142–152. 3. Navalesi P, Longhini F. Neurally adjusted ventilatory assist. Curr Opin Crit Care 2015;21:58–64. 4. Foti G, Cereda M, BanfiG, Pelosi P, Fumagalli R, Pesenti A. End-inspiratory airway occlusion: a method to assess the pressure developed by inspiratory muscles in patients with acute lung injury undergoing pressure support. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1997;156:1210–1216. 5. Amato MB, Meade MO, Slutsky AS, Brochard L, Costa EL, Schoenfeld DA, et al. Driving pressure and survival in the acute respiratory distress syndrome. N Engl J Med 2015;372:747–755. 6. Grieco DL, Chen L, Dres M, Brochard L. Should we use driving pressure to set tidal volume? Curr Opin Crit Care 2017;23:38–44. 7. Brochard L, Slutsky A, Pesenti A. Mechanical ventilation to minimize progression of lung injury in acute respiratory failure. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2017;195:438–442. 8. Bellani G, Grassi A, Sosio S, Foti G. Plateau and driving pressure in the presence of spontaneous breathing. Intensive Care Med 2019;45:97–98. 9. Mezidi M, Guérin C. Complete assessment of respiratory mechanics during pressure support ventilation. Intensive Care Med 2019;45:557–558. 10. Vaporidi K, Prinianakis G, Georgopoulos D, Guérin C. Assessment of respiratory mechanics during pressure support ventilation? Caution required. Intensive Care Med 2019;45:299–300.


Intercalation reactions are the central to lithium-ion and sodium-ion batteries where the intercalating ions (e.g., Li, Na) are driven along the van der Waals gaps of the layered materials with the application of externally applied electrical bias (Whittingham, 2004). Subsequently, these ions move out of the materials with the generation of electrical currents. Movement of the alkaline ions within the 2D-materials also promotes solid-state reactions in the host materials and followed by subsequent phase and structural transformations (Carter & Williams, 1972; Chen, et al., 2018; Li, et al., 2017). Understanding of these nanoscale phase transformations are quite important to develop safer cathode materials with higher capacities. Direct observation of the in-situ reactions inside the TEM takes a major role in understanding the mechanism of these localized structural transformations (Carter & Williams, 2016; Williams & Carter, 2009). In the present study, in-situ solid-state reactions between Li and the 2D materials MoS 2 , WS 2 and Graphite have been carried out inside a Tecnai F30 (S)TEM using a Nanofactory TEM-STM holder with the application of external bias (Ghosh, Post-lithiation analysis of the intercalated materials have been performed in an image-aberration-corrected Titan ETEM using a camera sensitive to a low electron dose and having a large field of view (Gatan/Ametek K3-IS).


This study aims to evaluate the incidence and impact of cardiorenal anaemia syndrome (CRAS) on all‐cause mortality in acute heart failure (AHF) patients stratified by left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) status in the Middle East.


Globalisation is a major driving force why companies today need to engage in international business and find partners across borders. One method to collaborate abroad is through foreign direct in ...


A three-dimensional elastoplastic constitutive model, also known as a UH model (Yao et al. 2009), was developed to describe the stress-strain relationship for normally consolidated and over-consolidated soils. In this paper, an acoustic tensor and discriminator of bifurcation for the UH model are derived for the strain localization of saturated clays under undrained and fully and partially drained conditions. Analytical analysis is performed to illustrate the points of bifurcation for the UH model with different three-dimensional stress paths. Numerical analyses of cubic specimens for the bifurcation of saturated clays under undrained and fully and partially drained conditions are conducted using ABAQUS with the UH model. Analytical and numerical analyses show the similar bifurcation behaviour of overconsolidated clays in three-dimensional stress states and various drainage conditions. The results of analytical and numerical analyses show that (1) the occurrence of bifurcation is dependent on the stress path and drainage condition; and (2) bifurcation can appear in either a strain-hardening or strain-softening regime.


Since the beginning of the space age in 1957, matters related to outer space have been pursued in international forums along two separate lines: those related to peaceful application of space technology and those related to the prevention of an arms race in that environment. These issues have been discussed by States Members of the United Nations, particularly in the General Assembly, in the Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space (COPUOS) and its subsidiary bodies, and in the Conference on Disarmament. The discussions have contributed to the conclusion of a number of international agreements concerning both peaceful and military aspects of the use of outer space.


Based on the recent research by Ghajar et al., special attention should be given to the pressure sensing diaphragms for the measurements of friction factor in micro-tubes. In their research, they focused on how the micro-tube diameters influenced the transition region. This study complements their study. Using their suggested diaphragm selection method, micro-tubes with diameters around 1000 μm and five different surface roughness values ranging from 0 to 4.3 μm were used to study the friction factor characteristics across the laminar, transition and turbulent regions (800<;Re<;7000). Moreover, the influence of surface roughness on the start and end of the transition region was observed. It was concluded that a narrower transition region can be seen with an increase in the surface roughness.


A SDMA mobile radio system based on the estimation of spatial covariances has been proposed recently. The beamforming vectors of all users are jointly calculated such that all terminals receive their required signals with a given signal-to-interference-andnoise ratio (SINR). This approach may suffer from the frequency gap between the uplink and downlink mode in 3rd generation FDD systems. To this end, in this paper we consider the combination of a least squares approximation of beampatterns and the proposed power minimization beamforming to overcome the difficulties of FDD in mobile communication systems. Simulation results of an artifical scenario are presented. I. DOWNLINK BEAMFORMING BASED ON SPATIAL COVARIANCES The proposed concepts for third generation mobile radio systems, which has been selected by ETSI SMG recently, are the TD-CDMA concept for time-division duplex (TDD) and the WCDMA concept for f equency-division duplex (FDD) systems [1]. Adaptive antenna arrays exploit the inherent spatial diversity of the mobile radio channel and perform spatial interference suppression. In [2] a robust SDMA system was proposed which is based on the estimation of spatial covariance matrices at the base station (BS) rather than on the explicit knowledge of the different directions of arrival (DOAs) of the user signals. The k-th user-specific covariance matrix Ck = E [ |x̂kx̂ | ] (1) is estimated by means of the array receive vectors


AECL has developed the design for a next generation of CANDU® plants by marrying a set of enabling technologies to well-established successful CANDU features. The basis for the design is to replicate or adapt existing CANDU components for a new core design. By adopting slightly enriched uranium fuel, a core design with light water coolant, heavy water moderator and reflector has been defined, based on the existing CANDU fuel channel module. This paper summarizes the main features and characteristics of the reference next-generation CANDU design. The progress of the next generation of CANDU design program in meeting challenging cost, schedule and performance targets is described. AECL's cost reduction methodology is summarized as an integral part of the design optimization process. Examples are given of cost reduction features together with enhancement of design margins.Copyright © 2002 by ASME


Radio frequency (RF) energy harvesting is a promising technique to sustain operations of wireless networks. In a cognitive radio network, a secondary user can be equipped with RF energy harvesting capability. In this paper, we consider such a network where the secondary user can perform channel access to transmit a packet or to harvest RF energy when the selected channel is idle or occupied by the primary user, respectively. We present an optimization formulation to obtain the channel access policy for the secondary user to maximize its throughput. Both the case that the secondary user knows the current state of the channels and the case that the secondary knows the idle channel probabilities of channels in advance are considered. However, the optimization requires model parameters (e.g., the probability of successful packet transmission, the probability of successful RF energy harvesting, and the probability of channel to be idle) to obtain the policy. To obviate such a requirement, we apply an online learning algorithm that can observe the environment and adapt the channel access action accordingly without any a prior knowledge about the model parameters. We evaluate both the efficiency and convergence of the learning algorithm. The numerical results show that the policy obtained from the learning algorithm can achieve the performance in terms of throughput close to that obtained from the optimization.


Responding to the paucity of information on oral health and dental care in older Asian Americans, the present study examined the status and factors associated with dental health insurance, self-rated oral health, and use of preventive dental service. Data were driven from 533 older adult participants (aged 60 and older) in the 2015 Asian American Quality of Life Survey conducted in Central Texas. The criterion variables of interest were selected based on the Andersen's behavioral model of health services: enabling (dental health insurance), needs (self-rated oral health), and utilization (use of preventive dental service) variables. Using a sequential design, the predictive model of each outcome was built, and sociodemographic and immigration-related variables were used as common covariates. More than 60% of the sample had no dental insurance, 45% reported that their oral health was either fair or poor, and 44% had not had dental check-up in the past 12 months. A series of logistic regression analyses identified the factors posing a significant risk to oral health and dental care. For example, those who had limited English proficiency were three times more likely to lack dental health insurance (enabling) and to have a fair/poor rating of oral health (needs). The odds of not using preventive dental service (utilization) were six times higher among those with no dental insurance coverage (enabling). The overall findings demonstrate substantial inequality in oral health and dental care outcomes in older Asian Americans and suggest strategies to promote their access to dental services.


Shortwave non-orthodox frequency-hopped signal selection by improved time correlation arithmetic is introduced. Because of the complexity of shortwave signal environment, the detection of frequency-hopped signal in shortwave is affected and the durative time of frequency-hopped signal is not gained correctly, so time correlation arithmetic is improved by some methods such as the increase of detective veracity about frequency-hopped signal and the settlement of "frequency-collision"problem etc, which make the correct probability of signal selection improved. The selection of four non-orthodox frequency-hopped network station signal is completed by improved time correlation arithmetic in proper SNR.


Abstract : This report pertains to the Department of Defense's (DoD) contracts with Aegis Defence Services, Limited (Aegis), in furtherance of a mandate in Section 842 of the National Defense Authorization Act for 2008 (Public Law 110-181), which requires the Special Inspector General for Iraq Reconstruction (SIGIR) to develop, in coordination with other audit agencies, a comprehensive plan of audits of private security functions in Iraq. A major provider of security services to DoD in Iraq, Aegis had received $624.4 million for those services, as of November 2008. From May 2004 through November 2008, approximately $612.8 million (98% of those funds) was received for services rendered under three Reconstruction Security Support Services (RSSS) contracts. This report focuses on those three contracts, examining their costs, the government s process for awarding them, and the government s oversight of Aegis s bills, inventories, performance, and operations, including the reporting of serious incidents and compliance with the requirements of the Government of Iraq. The report also examines Aegis s personnel screening, selection, and training processes to determine whether they meet contract requirements. The RSSS-I contract (W911S0-04-C-0003) was awarded in May 2004 and ended in November 2007. The RSSS-II contract (W91GDW-07-D-4021) was awarded in September 2007, but the start of performance was delayed to February 2008 because the award was protested with the Government Accountability Office. Because the RSSS-II contact was delayed, a separate contract (W91GDW-08-C-4003) was awarded to bridge the period during which the protest was Over the years, several organizations have been involved in managing the RSSS contracts.


This paper presents a method to compute an approximate explicit model predictive control (MPC) law using neural networks. The optimal MPC control law for constrained linear quadratic regulator (LQR) systems is piecewise affine on polytopes. However, computing this optimal control law becomes computationally intractable for large problems, and motivates the application of reinforcement learning techniques using neural networks with rectified linear units. We introduce a modified reinforcement learning policy gradient algorithm that utilizes knowledge of the system model to efficiently train the neural network. We guarantee that the network generates feasible control inputs by projecting onto polytope regions derived from the maximal control invariant set of the system. Finally, we present numerical examples that demonstrate the characteristics and performance of our algorithm.


We propose a tilt interferometer to search for gravitational wave (GW) signals at high frequencies. The torque caused by a cross-polarized gravitational wave passing through the mirrors in an interferometer can result in a tilt motion, which generates a TEM10 transverse mode of the cavity. The GW signal can then be detected as a beating between the TEM00 and TEM10 modes. There are two types of mirror motion that are relevant: the aforementioned rotation, as well as a translation in parallel to the front surface of the end mirror, in the local reference frame of the input test masses. We estimate that possible implementations could achieve a strain sensitivity of ∼ 7 10−22 Hz−1/2 in the frequency band of 100-500 kHz, limited by thermal and shot noises. A preliminary design for a prototype detector with a 74m optical cavity is presented.


At the Institute campus, plantations of Rauvolfia serpentina (Linn.) Benth. ex Kurz, a herbaceous crop of medicinal importance, suffered heavily from a leaf spot disease, caused by Corynespora cassiicola (Berk. & Curt.) Wei, whose pathogenicity was proved by inoculation experiments. Following initial screening of fungicides, fixing the dosage to be used and time of application as to whether they should be applied as prophylactic or curative, field trials were conducted using chemicals at 0.25% solution in water as prophylactic sprays applied six times at monthly intervals from June to November. Of the 4 fungicides tested in the field, only Captan proved effective in controlling the leaf spot disease resulting in significant increase in root yield. The net increase in root yield per acre in terms of money value was found to be about Rs. 85, Rs. 601 and Rs. 2,222 at the end of first, second and third year respectively.


In a laudable effort to trace the roots of the racist ideas and practices that continue to plague our society, numerous scholars, during the past few decades, have undertaken to expose the racism and ethnocentrism of some of our most revered culture heroes. For American historians, favorite targets have been two of America's founding fathers, Benjamin Franklin and Thomas Jefferson;1 for intellectual historians, favorite targets have been those two cynosures of the empiricist tradition, Locke and Hume.2 Thus, for example, when the 250th anniversary of Jefferson's birth was commemorated at the University of Virginia in October 1992, one of the contributors, speaking on Jefferson and slavery, "brought a prosecutor's zeal to the conference...to the point where some scholars present wondered what he was hoping to accomplish."3 Similar zeal has been evident in some recent discussions of Hume's prejudices, with both Hume's philosophy and his moral character being vigorously—not to say, viciously—attacked. Thus, in John Immerwahr's discussion of Hume's racism we are told that Hume is "infamous as a proponent of philosophical racism" and that racism "seriously stains Humef's] character."4 I take it that the phrase "philosophical racism" here should be read as the claim that at least some of Hume's central philosophical doctrines are logically implicated in his racism. Immerwahr never even attempts to sustain this claim, which few of Hume's detractors want to defend. Richard Popkin, for example, asserts that "I do not think that...Hume's racism...follows from his theory of knowledge."5 I shall say little more about


PURPOSE: A thin film type silicon solar cell is provided to be capable of reducing the contact resistance between a P type silicon thin film and a high concentration P type silicon thin film for minimizing the resistance loss of current, restraining the recombination loss of electron-hole pairs, and improving light capturing ability. CONSTITUTION: A thin film type silicon solar cell is provided with an insulation substrate(4) and a semiconductor device. The semiconductor device includes a high concentration P type silicon thin film(6), a P type silicon thin film(8), and an N type silicon thin film(10). At the time, the thin films are formed in the shape of convexo-concave type structures. The thin film type silicon solar cell further includes an insulating layer(14) partially located between the high concentration P type silicon thin film and the P type silicon thin film for connecting the high concentration P type silicon thin film with the P type silicon thin film, a base contact portion(16) formed on the surface of the high concentration P type silicon thin film, and an emitter contact portion(18) formed on the surface of the N type silicon thin film.


Worldwide, the majority of laying hens are beak trimmed to prevent injurious pecking. However, a ban on beak treatments has come into force in some countries, while others are discussing instituting such a ban. European legislation also prohibits beak treatment of organic flocks. When beak trimming is not practiced, farmers face the challenge of preventing injurious pecking behaviour in their flocks. Many environmental factors have been identified as affecting the onset and severity of feather pecking, and good management of these factors can prevent the onset of feather pecking or help to prevent escalation once feather pecking starts. In this chapter we review types of feather pecking and consider the origins of the behaviour. We then offer detailed discussion of management techniques for the prevention of feather pecking, during both rearing and the laying period.


Copyright © Address correspondenc Shanghai Eye & ENT University, Shanghai, Ch This study was not sup The authors disclose n DOI: 10.1097/MAO.0 rosing disease (IgG4-RSD) is a present, which indicating the possib IgG4-related scle recently identified immune-mediated disease. When affecting the head and neck, it commonly involves the lacrimal glands, salivary glands, orbits, lymph nodes, pituitary stalk, and sinonasal cavity (1). We here report a case of IgG4-RSD involving middle ear, a really rare affected location, focusing on describing its radiologic presentations.


The problem of environment pollution in today's society is attracting more and more attention from all walks, Dyestuff wastewater is one of the "high energy consumption and high pollution" industries because of its relatively complex water quality components and relatively large amount of water, Its governance has become one of the key factors restricting the development of the industry. Choosing suitable wastewater treatment process is very important for the stable operation of dye wastewater treatment system and the stable discharge of tail water. Taking a dyestuff group as an example, from the aspects of raw water quality and water quantity, treatment process, selection of equipment parameters of advanced treatment facilities and effects of each process, the overall operation status of the renovation project is comprehensively discussed, and the operation effect of "air floatation + filtration + adsorption + membrane treatment" process in deep treatment of dyestuff wastewater is discussed.


The increased adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) has led to the development of vehicle-to-anything (V2X) technologies, including vehicle-to-home (V2H), vehicle-to-grid (V2G), and energy trading of EVs in the local grid. The EV coordination can provide value to the grid and generate benefits for EVs. However, network constraints and uncertainties in renewable energy and demand pose significant challenges to EV coordination and restrict the realization of these benefits. This paper develops a rolling-horizon optimization problem for V2X value stacking to fully unlock the value of EV coordination, considering power network constraints (such as voltage limits) and uncertainties in the energy system. By coordinating EVs to perform V2H, V2G, and energy trading, our approach exploits the most valuable services in real-time. We also analyze the expected extra costs caused by the prediction errors to evaluate the impact of uncertainties on V2X value stacking. We validate our value-stacking model using real data from Australia's National Electricity Market (NEM), ISO New England (ISO-NE), and New York ISO (NY-ISO) in the US. The results show that V2X value stacking achieves significant benefits to EVs through energy cost reduction. The uncertainty in the load has a higher impact on the value-stacking performance than PV generation, indicating the importance of load prediction.


According to Amundson, Zamkotowich's installation ritualizes the relationship between man and nature. Includes an artist's statement and biographical notes. 3 bibl. ref.


Objective: To clarify a possible role of prostatic trace elements in an etiology of age-dependent gland diseases such as benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer. Methods: The variation with age of the 54 trace elements concentration in prostatic parenchyma and the relationship of these trace elements with basic histological structures of nonhyperplastic prostate glands of 65 subjects aged 21–87 years was investigated by an instrumental neutron activation analysis combined with inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry and a quantitative morphometric analysis. Results: A significant trend for increase with age in Bi, Cd, Co, Fe, Hg, Sc, Sn, and Zn concentration as well as for increase with age in relative volume of stroma and decrease in relative volume of epithelium was found. It was demonstrated that the glandular lumen and, therefore, prostatic fluid is a main pool of Zn accumulation in the normal human prostate, for the age range 21 to 40 years. For age above 40 the redistribution of trace elements between prostatic cells and fluid begins. In this period of life stroma is the main pool of Al, Br, Cd, and Th accumulation in the normal human prostate. Conclusions: For ages above 40 years conclusive evidence of a disturbance in prostatic trace element concentrations and their histological distribution was shown.


The main aim of this paper is to introduce multilinear versions of the Stockwell transforms (also named S -transforms) by using the fact that S -transforms can be written as convolution products. Further on we extend the multilinear S -transforms from the Schwartz class of rapidly decreasing functions to the space of tempered distributions. In the sequel we give a relation between multilinear S -transforms and multilinear pseudo-differential operators.We also state and prove some boundedness results regarding multilinear S -transforms on the Lebegue's spaces L p (R n ) and also on the Hormander's spaces B p ,k (R n ), where p ≥ 1 and k is a temperate weight function. In the end, a weak uncertainty principle for multilinear S -transforms and for its adjoint is also given.


The Main Injector (MI) at Fermilab is planning to use multi-batch slip stacking scheme in order to increase the proton intensity at the NuMI target by about a factor of 1.5.[1] [2] By using multi-batch slip stacking, a total of 11 Booster batches are merged into 6, 5 double ones and one single. We have successfully demonstrated the multi- batch slip stacking in MI and accelerated a record intensity of 4.6E13 particle per cycle to 120 GeV. The technical issues and beam loss mechanisms for multi- batch slip stacking scheme are discussed.


Maintenance of assets particularly a building is an important as to maintain the high moral of soldiers and to uphold their standard of well-being. Poorly maintained buildings will somehow tarnish the image of Malaysian Armed Forces (MAF). Recently, the maintenance works carried out were questionable as there were many complaints among the occupants. This research was conducted with the aim to identify the management approach on decision making focusing on the servicemen and servicewomen who are lived in the military married quarters (RKAT) under 4 Briged Mechanize, Kem Batu 10, Kuantan, Pahang. The research objective is to identify the management approach on decision making and to evaluate the existing maintenance process, ultimately determine the relationship between independent variable and dependent variables. This study will focus on the management, housing condition and the maintenance work particularly on a military organization. This research aims to improve the value of buildings through a proactive maintenance and management system that is based on the concept of value for money. The methodology has made use of questionnaires to get the feedback from respondents for data collected to be unbiased and shared a common interest. The study come across useful information from data analysis that all the variables; decision making, building maintenance, quality maintenance and budget allocation have a degree of relationship, and the variables indicates that there are positively and negatively correlated each other's. Thus, it signifies a moderate to strong positive relationship related with effective decision making.


Using the homotopy invariance property of the degree and a newly introduced concept of interior-point-"-exceptional family for continuous functions, we prove an alternative theorem concerning the existence of certain interior-point of a continuous complementarity problem. Based on this result, we develop several suucient conditions to assure some desirable properties (nonemptyness, bounded-ness and upper semi-continuity) of a multi-valued mapping associated with continuous (non-monotone) complementarity problems corresponding to semi-monotone, P(; ;)-, quasi-P-and exceptionally regular maps. The results proved in this paper generalize well known results on the existence of central paths in continuous P 0 complementarity problems.


Streptococcal Agglutination In I929 Cecil and his colleagues observed that the sera of patients with rheumatoid arthritis had the property of agglutinating a specific strain of haemolytic streptococcus in high titre, and as this property was not present in the sera of control subjects, concluded that it was a specific manifestation of the disease (Cecil et al., 1929, I931). Later it was found that other strains of haemolytic streptococcus were also agglutinated by a high proportion of rheumatoid sera, but agglutinins were not found in cases of degenerative or other arthritis (Nicholls and Stainsby, I93I). The agglutinins were thought to be antibodies to a non-type-specific haemolytic streptococcal antigen, and their presence in rheumatoid sera was widely confirmed (Dawson et al., I932a; Gray and Gowen, I931; Kalbak, 1948; Keefer et al., I933; Wainwright, 1934). Soon afterwardsagglutinins active against R strains of pneumococci (Dawson et al., I932a and b; Wallis, I946b) and staphylococci (Oker-Blom, 1952a) were also found to be present in rheumatoid sera. It is generally accepted that the presence of agglutinins is related to the duration and severity of the arthritis, about 68 per cent. of patients having them at some time in the blood (Cecil and de Gara, I946) and also in the synovial fluid (Levinthal, I939). These observations naturally led to a search for the presence of other streptococcal antibodies in the blood in rheumatoid arthritis, but significant titres of antistreptolysin 0 and antifibrinolysin, though present in proven haemolytic streptococcal infections and rheumatic fever, could not be found in rheumatoid arthritis (Myers and Keefer, '934; Myers et al., '935; Perry, 1940; Ouchterlony and. Palmborg, '949; Bunim and McEwen, I940). Antihyaluronidase and antihaemolysin (Harris et al., 1950; Faber, 1953), and antistaphylolysin (OkerBlom and Widholm, 1952) were similarly absent. Oker-Blom (I947a and b; Oker-Blom and Widholm, 1952), as a result of absorption studies of rheumatoid sera with streptococci, staphylococci, colloidal aluminium silicate and specific antibacterial immune sera, showed that agglutinating activity is specific for neither of the above organisms, and cannot be correlated with the serum concentrations of antibodies to them. It is clear that the phenomenon of bacterial agglutination in rheumatoid arthritis is nonspecific with regard to the organisms agglutinated and that a bacterial antigen is not involved. In confirmation of this, Dawson et al. (1934) noted a tendency of rheumatoid sera to precipitate haemolytic streptococci in parallel to their ability to agglutinate them, and Chasis and McEwen (1936) also found non-type-specific precipitins in rheumatoid sera active against crude streptococcal extracts, independently of the presence of agglutinins. Further light was thrown on the problem by Wallis (I946a), who showed that rheumatoid sera can agglutinate suspensions of collodion particles unsensitized with antigen. The collodionagglutinating factor is often present in high dilution, is not found in normal sera in significant amounts, is thermolabile, and appears to be a globulin. For some time the properties of streptococcal. and collodion agglutination were used as diagnostic tests for rheumatoid arthritis, but have now been largely abandoned because of their failure in about one-third of cases, and technical difficulties involved in preparing stable and uniform test preparations.


Density fluctuations in supercooled liquids near the glass transition relax in multiple steps. The short time relaxation is known as β-relaxation and the final long time relaxation is called α-relaxation. It is believed that the long time α-relaxation is a cooperative phenomena associated with a growing length scales, whereas the short-time β-relaxation is often attributed to spatially local processes involving the rattling motion of a particle in the transient cage formed by its neighbors. Using molecular dynamics simulations of few model glass-forming liquids, we show that the β-relaxation is also cooperative in nature and the length scale extracted from the detailed finite-size scaling analysis of β-relaxation is found to be the same as that of the length scale that describes the spatial heterogeneity of local dynamics in the long-time α-relaxation regime. These results provide a clear connection between short-time dynamics and long-time structural relaxation in glass-forming liquids.


Treatment of Anthranilic acid with chloroacetylchloride in presence of sodium acetate gave 2-(chloromethyl)-4H-benzo[d] [1,3]oxazin-4-one [1], that fused with ammonium acetate to give 2-(aminomethyl)quinazolin-4(3H)-one [2]. The compound 2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrazino[2,1-b]quinazoline-4,6-dione [3] was prepared from cyclization of [2] with ethyl chloroacetate in presence of fused sodium acetate . Treatment of [3] with 1 mol and/or 2 mol of aromatic aldehydes in presence of pepridine yielded the corresponding 3-(arylidene)-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrazino[2,1-b]quinazoline-4,6-dione [4] and 1,3-diarylidene-2,3-dihydro-1Hpyrazino[2,1-b]quinazoline-4,6-dione [5], respectively. Acetylation of [4] and [5] by the reaction with acetic anhydride gave the corresponding 2-acetyl-3-(arylidene)-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrazino[2,1-b]quinazoline-4,6-dione [6] and 2-acetyl-1,3-diarylidene2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrazino[2,1-b]quinazoline-4,6-dione [7] respectively. The electron impact mass spectra of the above series of compounds have also been recorded and their fragmentation pattern is discussed. The prepared compounds also exhibited antimicrobial activity.


Anxiety commonly co‐occurs with bipolar disorders (BDs), but the significance of such "co‐morbidity" remains to be clarified and its optimal treatment adequately defined.


7559 Background: GL-ONC1 is an attenuated vaccinia virus genetically engineered with the insertion of RUC (luciferase)-GFP, LacZ (beta-galactosidase), and gusA (beta-glucuronidase) genes. We invest...


Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of low-dose intracarotid urokinase in the treatment of progressive cerebral infarction. Methods A total of 40 patients with progressive cerebral infarction were randomly divided into treatment group and control group,with 20 patients in each group.All patients received conventional treatment, including aspirin,citicoline and mannitol. On this basis,patients in treatment group were given low-dose urokinase. Chinese stroke scale(CSS)scores,infarct volume,clinical efficacy,death and cerebral hemorrhage were observed before and 3 hours,24 hours,3 days and 15 days after treatment.Results Compared with control group, urokinase treatment decreased CSS scores at 3 hours,24 hours,3 days and 15 days after treatment, reduced infarct volume at 24 hours,3 days and 15 days after treatment,and increased total effective rate at 30 days after treatment(P0.05 or P0.01).Conclusion Low-dose intracarotid urokinase is safe and effective for progressive cerebral infarction.


8 ASUBTITLE: HAVING CUT ITS TEETH ON CIVIL AND MILITARY OVERHAUL WORK, SINGAPORE AEROSPACE IS NOW EXPANDING INTO RISK-SHARE PROGRAMMES AND OVERSEAS TAKEOVERS...


Nowadays,the environmental safety issue,especially the food safety issue becomes a serious problem that put impact on China's legitimate rights and interests of consumers.It also becomes a restricting factor that hinders the Chinese enterprises into the world market.How to take measures to protect consumer's legitimate rights and interests become a very important problem.The essay analyzes the transfer of pollution and the impact on the consumers and offers some suggestions.


In order to achieve better results in real estate investment and environmental protection planning, and also in order to have an eternal commercial building landmark to load our era into the history ; so such is human nature that kings, prime ministers, presidents, and chairpersons in different political systems , party committee secretaries and investors, they all hope to build an eternal commercial landmark in their country. However, where does the concept of eternal in the design diagram of this eternal landmark come from?


We present a model-based approach using two dimensions to propagate security restrictions: along the lifecycle and along the architectural levels. We apply security patterns to perform this propagation. We believe that this double propagation can be very effective for security and reliability. This approach can also facilitate the security analysis of the system and can be used to verify compliance with regulations. We have developed a methodology to apply these ideas and we are extending it to make it more powerful, in particular to increase its level of security and to add to it also reliability concerns. The extensions include two new metamodels for security requirements and a validation approach.