The percentage figure given for squat flakes—those whose breadth is equal to or exceeds their length, is as stated in the table, 13-5 per cent for the primary level flakes alone and IO-I per cent if primary, serrated, and utilised flakes are grouped as before. Both types then, blades and squat flakes, occur in roughly the same proportions at Windmill Hill. Comparison with Late Neolithic material from the West Kennet Avenue, which Smith then made, showed that a far lower proportion of blades were present there, namely 2-8 per cent, but there were many more squat flakes, namely 20/7 per cent. The figures recorded above for Windmill Hill were not, however, accepted at their face value in the Durrington Walls report where it is stated that the proportion of blades from the primary level at Windmill Hill was 41 per cent (p. 162) and this figure is then contrasted with a Durrington blade figure of 11 per cent. Obviously this is at variance with the recorded figures and even more so with the recalculated ones. In fact the high figure appears to have been derived by reading the column to the right of the vertical divisions in the Windmill Hill histogram, an interpretation which is regarded by at least one mathematician as 'unconventional'. The same novel method is reflected in construction of the Durrington Walls histograms themselves, leaving an apparently surplus column on the left (fig. 68) whereas the dimensions of a group of flakes on the right apparently exceed infinity. If the entire histogram is shifted one column to the left then a rather less spectacular result appears but one which accords with the figures as stated in the text, namely that blades formed 11 per cent of the Durrington material, in other words roughly the same proportion as occurred at Windmill Hill. In comparing the percentage of squat flakes from both sites, the Windmill Hill histogram is again interpreted Durrington style. This results in Windmill Hill being thought to have only 'insignificant numbers' of squat flakes (p. 62) whereas the true figure is 13-5 per cent, for the flakes from the primary level, in comparison with 21 per cent from Durrington itself. Evidence from several Late Neolithic sites does suggest that a shift to broader flakes is detectable but at Durrington the change is less than might at first appear; moreover the proportion of blades present may not be as reliable a chronological guide as might be hoped. The author is most grateful to both Dr Smith and Dr Wainwright for discussing the figures with him.


Utilizing the properties of the smallest singular value of a matrix, we propose a new, e‐cient and reliable algorithm for solving nonsymmetric matrix inverse eigenvalue problems, and compare it with a known method. We also present numerical experiments which illustrate our results.


1. Intravenous injection of adrenalin, in doses as low as 2 cc. of 1 : 500,000, produced long-sustained pressor effects in Squalus acanthias, together with marked increase of pulse pressure and a tendency toward decrease of heart rate.2. Subsequent doses of adrenalin following doses stronger than 1: 500,000 were ineffective. This is interpreted as being due to already existing maximum pressor action. Doses subsequent to a dose of 2 cc. of 1: 500,000 were effective.3. The pressor effect is interpreted as being due to extra-cardiac factors, peripheral to the gill capillaries, but the region of action of the adrenalin was not located.


Extrauterine Mullerian adenosarcomas (MA) are rare and often associated with endometriosis. We report a 55-yr-old patient seen in consultation for abdominal pain and bloating. Imaging was suggestive of a left adnexal mass and "peritoneal carcinomatosis". Pathological examination of the specimen revealed a MA arising in the left fallopian tube, with sarcomatous overgrowth, diffuse peritoneal involvement and omental "caking". Next-generation sequencing identified a MEIS1-NCOA2 gene fusion, previously unreported in MA.


The present invention relates to monofilaments, yarns, flat yarn or staple fibers, each filament denier of 1-12,000, the draft ratio of 2.5 to 25:1, and is made of a polypropylene composition, the poly propylene composition comprises from about 93 wt% of polypropylene, melt blending the mixture to about 5% by weight of polypropylene / ethylene copolymer and about 2% by weight of additives. Further, the present invention discloses a process for preparing the monofilament yarns, flat yarn or staple fibers.


The AN/FPS-85 is a large fixed-position phased-array radar located east of Eglin AFB in Florida (see Figure 1). The radar consists of separate transmit and receive arrays located in adjoining wedge-shaped buildings facing south toward the Gulf of Mexico. A matrix of separate transmit modules arranged in a 72-row by 72column matrix make up the transmit array for a total of 5,184 transmit elements. The radar transmit beam is steered electronically by phase differentials between adjoining rows and column beam steering signals. Each transmit module is rated for a maximum RF output of 10 kW peak at a maximum duty cycle of 0.005. "Graceful degradation" of performance of the vacuum tubes over time reduces the transmitter output to a mean peak power of about 5-6 kW for a total radar output peak power of about 32 MW'. Design Description: Original Design


In this paper, a new material, called a synthetic elastomer, is presented as a means of actuation. The material displays enhanced performances in terms of electrical as well as mechanical aspects such as dielectric constant, elastic strength and stress relaxation. We begin by developing synthesis procedures for the material, which result in its general recipe with chemical composition. In addition, the effects of respective chemical constituents are studied with regard to the electrical and mechanical characteristics of the actuator. Finally, experimental tests are performed to evaluate the actuation performance of the material, and its advantages are clarified by conducting comparative studies with other existing materials.


Web services have become a key technology to implement distributed systems and perform applications' integration. Service composition involves the development of customised services often by discovering, integrating, and executing existing services. This can be done in such a way that already existing services are orchestrated into one or more new services that fit better to the composite application. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to tackle the dynamic services composition problem. Mainly, we focus on service behaviour formalisation to provide a representation that enables us to perform the analysis of service interaction for service behavioural rewriting and combination. Our approach takes advantage of control flows compatibility and service part-consumption to select, integrate and interleave service processes in order to fulfil the provider's constraints and satisfy the requester's needs. The experimental results show that our proposal can contribute to enhance the dynamic user task realisation, and ensure an efficient and proper web service consumption at the provider and the requester's level.


In order to examine and investigate the relation between the leadership behavior of schoolmasters and teachers' collective efficiency,466 teachers from 37 elementary schools in Jiangsu province are randomly chosen as subjects for the survey.The result shows that firstly the care to people factor is positively related with teachers' collective efficiency,while the care to work factor is not.Secondly,in the regression of teachers' collective efficiency,the care to people factor enters the equation of teachers' collective efficiency and teaching task analysis,while the schoolmasters' leadership behavior,to some degree,can predict teaching competence evaluation.


This paper describes a scalable and hierarchical virtual network creation (HVNC) protocol. The protocol encapsulates network control operations such as signaling and routing. It relies on a hierarchical organization of network resources and their managers. The network hierarchy of HVNC provides network-wide views of network resource status. This enables network-wide decisions such as balancing traffic loads among network domains and traffic isolation in accordance to policies. HVNC enables flexible and dynamic virtual network management including reconfiguration and failure recovery. These advantages come at the cost of higher setup and information storage costs when compared to standard service creation protocols. We characterize the advantages and costs of HVNC by simulation. The relatively high costs of HVNC make it more suitable to create long-lived high-bandwidth virtual networks. This type of virtual networks supports emerging technologies and applications such as grid and peer-to-peer computing and data-intensive e-science applications


Ferroelectric thin films are being integrated into non-volatile memories, thin film capacitors, as well as pyroelectric and piezoelectric devices. In many of these applications, development of a preferred orientation state in the films leads to better homogeneity in the properties as the device size is reduced, and in some cases, superior properties. Thus, in this work, LaNi03 films were explored as orienting bottom electrodes for ferroelectric thin films in order to improve their piezoelectric coefficients. DC magnetron sputtering was used for deposition of the LaNi03. LaNi03 powder was fabricated for preparation of three-inch sputtering targets using the molten salt technique. LaNi03 films were then grown on silicon and quartz substrates by DC magnetron sputtering. The influence of substrate temperature, gas ratio and working pressure on texture was studied and explained by adatom mobility and resputtering mechanisms. Optimal deposition parameters for highly (lOO)-textured LaNi03 films were determined. The structure of the LaNi03 films was analyzed using X-ray diffraction. The full width at half maximum of the 200 reflections for the best (lOO)-oriented LaNi03 films from this work is 6.6°. The as-deposited lattice parameter of the LaNi03 thin films is 3.845 A at room temperature. A thermal expansion coefficient of 163 x 1O-6/oC was determined for temperatures below 800°e. The temperature dependence of resistivity was characterized using a four-point probe. LaNi03 thin films exhibited typical metallic behavior, with a resistivity at room temperature of 8.0x I0-6 n·m.


For the Tracking-Learning-Detection (TLD) for dynamic face tracking has the problem of tracking drift when the face is occluded seriously, this paper proposed an improved method based on TLD. After locating the face successfully, introducing the method of occlusion window to determine the degree of face occlusion. When the face is occluded slightly, using the original learner to solve it. If the face is occluded seriously, adding the direction predictor of Markov model in TLD detector to reduce the detection range and enhance the discrimination ability for similar faces. At the same time, adding Kalman filter in TLD tracker to estimate the area in current frame where the face may exist, which could reduce the number of scanning grids and improve the processing speed. The experiments show that the improved TLD algorithm has a strong robustness in different environments, can track the dynamic face quickly and accurately, and also improve the problem of tracking drift when the face is occluded seriously


The stress-displacement relation of the fiber is analyzed for fiber-reinforced ceramic composites during axial compressive loading (indentation) and unloading on the exposed end of an embedded fiber. An unbonded fiber/matrix interface subject to Coulomb friction and residual radial clamping stresses is considered in the present study. The results show that the stress-displacement curves during loading and unloading can be used to evaluate the magnitude of the clamping stress, the coefficient of friction, and the frictional stress distribution at the interface. Specifically, in the absence of Poisson's effect (i.e., when Poisson's ratio of the fiber is zero), the interfacial shear stress is constant, the loading curve is parabolic, and, after complete unloading, the residual fiber displacement equals half of the maximum fiber displacement at the peak loading stress. In the presence of Poisson's effect, the interfacial shear stress is not constant, and, after complete unloading, the residual fiber displacement is less than half of the maximum fiber displacement at the peak loading stress.


Physical inspection of fishing vessels is part of the flow applied by the Directorate General of Capture Fisheries to verify and confirm the congruence of the actual dimension of the fishing vessel with the official document of fishing license. This inspection includes the calculation of the vessel size measured in Gross Tonnage (GT) which determine the amount of fishery retribution paid as Non-Tax State Revenue (PNBP) in the capture fisheries sector. The purpose of this study is to examine the size discrepancy due to mark down practices by re-measurement and to calculate PNBP based on mooring services at Tumumpa Coastal Fishing Port, Manado. A comparison method using a t-test is applied to investigate the difference between two measurements. Based on the test, there is a significant difference between written and actual measurements of GT which affects PNBP.
Keywords: GT, PNBP, re-measurement, mark down, Tumumpa Coastal Fishing Port.


New operation of interferometric OSNR monitor is investigated to support Nyquist superchannels. Power ratio for estimating OSNR in 10-30dB OSNR of 400G Nyquist DP-QPSK superchannel is largely improved and OSNR error less than +/-1dB with negligible impact from CD and PMD is achieved.


In this paper, we consider power control for a code-division-multiple-access (CDMA)-based satellite cogni- tive radio network where the satellite acts as the common transmitter of primary users and secondary users. Specially, we assume that primary users are willing to share resource with secondary users by means of leasing spectrum, while secondary users have to pay for the shared spectrum. In addition, secondary users are allowed to transmit on any sub-channel provided that the resulting interference to any primary users is below a critical threshold. We focus on the downlink. The objective is to maximize the throughput in the licensed frequency band of the satellite network. We formulate the problem as a game theoretic problem with all users as the players. We propose a tow-phase control scheme that can be accepted willingly by both types of users and can maximize the throughput of the satellite network. In the first phase, the Nash Equilibrium point is calculated with an iterative method, the existence of the Nash Equilibrium point is also proved. In the second phase, Payoff Dominance Selection is used to choose the optimal power allocation under the constraints including quality of service protections of all users and maximum transmission power of the onboard power amplifier. Simulation is performed to study the parameters of the system and of each user. By simulation, we find that the throughput is greatly increased by the proposed scheme compared with traditional satellite networks where fixed power is allocated to only primary users. Onboard complexity is also analyzed.


An experiment is reported in which interference terms from resonant processes ln the reaction Be/sup 9/( alpha ,n)C/sup 12/ reduce to a simple form, allowing a more sensitive test for the stripping mechanism. The results indicale that stripping makes no important contribution to the reaction near 1 or 3 Mev. It seems likely that an amplitude for stripping of 10 or 20% relatlve to resonant processes would have shown up in the measurements as a marked departure from isotropy. (L.T.W.)


We exhibit an infinite class of almost perfect nonlinear quadratic binomials from F2n to F2n with n = 4k and k odd. We prove that these functions are CCZinequivalent to known APN power functions when k 6= 1. In particular it means that for n = 12, 20, 28, they are CCZ-inequivalent to any power function.


(...) When susceptible roots were sequentially inoculated, the race that was inoculate first was reisolated more frequently. When resistant roots were inoculated with an avirulent race 2 hr before inoculation with the virulent race, the number of roots from which P.m. glycinea could be reisolated was reduced. The importance of the response of the susceptible and resistant cultivars to sequential inoculation is discussed


Bangladesh has always been predominantly an agriculture based country. In early days, agricultural production was fully dependent on rainfall. Over the study period of recent 30 years, trend values of monsoon average rainfall in Chittagong, Dhaka and Rajshahi has risen as a consequence of the increase of the increase in rainfall. On the other hand, the trend value in Sylhet has declined with the decrease in rainfall. This paper has measured the correlation coefficients between rainfall and time for four stations: Chittagong, Dhaka, Rajshahi and Sylhet where correlation coefficient for Dhaka station and Sylhet station is maximum and negative respectively. This study indicates that climate change, global warming, destruction of hills etc. have disastrous effects on rainfall which is hampering not only the agricultural production but also the ecosystem. It is hoped that this research may be of help to the concerned organizations and experts working on this problem.


ObjectivesHigh count rate positron emission tomography (PET) systems offer the potential for accurate myocardial blood flow (MBF) quantification during first-pass dynamic imaging in conjunction with standard rubidium-82 (Rb-82) PET myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI). We investigate the feasibility of this using a Siemens Biograph mCT. Materials and methodsCurrent routine clinical PET MPI is performed with 1480 MBq (40 mCi) Rb-82. Dynamic first-pass images from 217 consecutive patients were reviewed for evidence of detector saturation, indicating that count rate limits had been exceeded. Phantom acquisitions in the presence of high count rates were performed to assess the effect of detector saturation on quantitative accuracy. ResultsAccurate MBF quantification and perfusion imaging using current protocols was successful in 85% of clinical cases. Detector block saturation was observed in 15% of cases, and phantom acquisitions indicate that saturation may have an adverse effect on quantitative accuracy. Visualization of transit or pooling of Rb-82 in the vessels in the axilla was the most consistent feature when saturation occurred. Reduction of administered activity to 1110 MBq (30 mCi) and subsequent evaluation of 159 patients ensured successful MBF quantification while maintaining good diagnostic quality perfusion imaging in 99% of cases. ConclusionMBF quantification and good-quality standard perfusion imaging can be performed on a high count rate PET system using a single-acquisition protocol. The administered activity requires optimization and we recommend 1110 MBq for PET MPI with a Biograph mCT.


The study of population movements and abundance are useful to evaluate the reduction of biodiversity due to changes in landscape composition and configuration. These parameters are modulated by the effects of landscape on individuals' behaviours and species' life histories (e.g., specialists and generalists in forest use). We used hierarchical models and tools derived from network theory to evaluate how landscape characteristics affect the abundance and movement patterns of the neotropical dung beetle species Deltochilum mexicanum and Dichotomius satanas with contrasting life histories in a human‐modified landscape of a Mexican cloud forest. Movement and abundance patterns observed for both species and sexes showed opposite responses to the percentage of forest cover and edge density. The specialist species showed a higher abundance, lower movement and spatial distribution limited to the forest, whereas the generalist species showed a lower abundance, higher movement and unrestricted distribution. For both species, males tended to travel longer distances than females, but we observed no difference in the movement metrics between sexes. Our findings highlight the effects of landscape covariables on population structure and dynamics, predict spatial dynamics of species habitat use and could be evidence of functional connectivity at the landscape scale.


Let A be a Frobenius extension of B with a Frobenius system \{x_{k}, y_{k}, h^{*}\} , and define a nlap h by h(d)= \sum x_{k}dy_{k} for each d in D(=V_{A}(B)) . A is a strongly separable extension of B if and only if D is a Frobenius C-algebra with h a Frobenius homomorphism, where C is the center of A . In this case A is an H separable Frobenius extension of B^{*}=V_{A}(V_{A}(B)) .


One of the good tenets of epidemiology is the fact that it offers skeptical disposition. Institutionalized skepticism is important in science and policymaking.In the case of Zambia,skepticism questions why the proponents of COVID-19guidelines and prescriptions have become the ardent violators of the guidelines they espouse. Such practices among political leaders is paralyzing, especially in contexts of information and messages from WHO at this critical juncture that call for pragmatism-especially with the peak of a pandemic curve and surging infection rate, considering that we do not have additional alternative interventions apart from adhering to non-pharmaceutical interventions such as social distancing, staying at home, wearing masks and hand hygiene. Deliberate and unnecessary political and religious gatherings inaction carries the risk of dire consequences, some of which have already led to suspected COVID-19 deaths of members of parliament and hospitalization of a size able number of political leaders.Despite all these the proceedings of parliament remained active as though COVID-19 is history.Such reckless political gatherings question the governance ethos of public health epidemiology instituted by the same people violating them. Religious leaders are not immune to this vice-a number of COVID-19-related deaths have passed through churches with body viewings being conducted. It should be mentioned that such behaviors have led to preventing action against COVID-19 outrunning evidence, or at least helping evidence to catch up.A myopic continued action of ignoring COVID-19 guidelines by politicians and religious leaders isa disservice to epidemiology.


The normal adult human foot is arched in coronal and sagittal planes, and this arched form persists to a greater or lesser degree even when the foot supports part of the body weight in standing. The mechanism by which this is achieved is contro-versial and the theories which have been advanced can be regarded as variations of two general views. On the one hand, it-is held that the arches are maintained by the postural contraction of muscles, and on the other, that the foot is entirely supported by the passive strength of its own tissues. The present investigation was undertaken to study the activity of those muscles of the leg and of the foot which might maintain, or help to maintain, the arches of the foot during standing. the activity of the minor grades of muscular activity, and no of the degree of tension in the tissues, such as deep fascia, which overlie the muscles. However, it is generally that the contraction of a muscle fibre is invariably associated with a change in electrical potential (action potential) in and around the fibre, and that these electrical changes are absent when the muscle fibre is at rest It was considered probable, therefore, that a more accurate assessment of the activity of the muscles of the leg and foot during standing would be achieved by studying the electrical changes occurring in those muscles by means of the electromyograph. The the the


But challenges remain in the form of low trend growth compared with other advanced economies, and persistently high public and private debt levels in a number of euro area countries. Further efforts are therefore needed to strengthen productivity growth and boost productive investments to lift long-term potential growth. In turn, this higher growth will help reduce debt burdens, create fiscal space and raise long-term equilibrium interest rates, bolstering monetary policy's ability to support macroeconomic stabilisation.


In a patient with disseminated Group III mycobacteriosis and associated leukopenia, the diagnosis was established by culturing the organism from bone marrow and liver. The patient was treated with multiple antituberculous drugs and has continued clinically well for 2.5 vears while maintained on a 2-drug regimen. Previously reported cases are reviewed.


Under definite specifications and limitations of conventional interior permanent magnet synchronous (IPMS) motor in existing hybrid electric vehicle (HEV), the early performances of the recommended field excitation flux switching (FEFS) motor in which no usage of permanent magnet (PM) are evaluated based on two-dimensional Finite Element Analysis (FEA). Since the initial performances fail to acquire the target torque and power, design optimization based on deterministic approach of several FEFS motor parameters is presented in this paper to attain the target performances. After a few cycles of design optimization, the enhanced FEFS motor has achieved the target power and torque of 41kW and 70Nm, respectively. In conclusion, the final design FEFS motor has the maximum power density of 1.75kW/kg which is approximately 49% more than power density in existing IPMS motor


We characterize which closed Reeb orbits of a dynamically convex contact form on the 3-sphere bound disk-like global surfaces of section for the Reeb flow, without any genericity assumptions. We show that these global surfaces of section come in families, organized as open book decompositions. As an application we obtain new global surfaces of section for the Hamiltonian dynamics on strictly convex 3-dimensional energy levels.


IT is now more than thirteen years since I devised the operative procedures in the treatment of simple fractures of the long bones which I have systematically emplo; ed since with uninterrupted success. The early and somewhat violent opposition to this method of mine, by which fractured bones can be restored accurately to their original form, has now completely died away and the operative treatment of simple fractures is now recognized as the most efficient means we have at our disposal. The operative treatment of simple fractures is comparatively simple in the large majority of cases, and if due care be taken and reasonable skill be exercised the riek is practi'cally nil. In a certain small proportion of cases the bone may be too friable or too thin or too much broken up, and the surgeon may therefore be unable to restore it completely to its original form. Even in these circumstances he can almost always obtain a much better result by operating than by any -other form of treatment. Many complaints have been made


Three continuous cell lines (GMC-N, GMC-U GMC-Y) have been established from different primary breast cancers. To remove contaminated fibroblasts from epithelial cells, floating cells in the primary culture were serially transferred to a new dish and the resultant cells were cultured in serum-free medium with 8 supplements.GMC-N and GMC-U cells were polygonal and typical epithelial cells, but GMC-Y cells were smaller and rounder than GMC-N or GMC-U cells and tended to pile up.The doubling times of GMC-N, U, Y cells were 18.3, 41.9, 18.2 hr, respectively.Estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PgR) were measured by whole cell uptake method. Both GMC-N and GMC-U cells were ER-and PgR-positive, while GMC-Y cells were ER-positive, but PgR-negative. Estradiol-17β stimulated the growth of all these cell lines at 10-10M concentration.All of three cell lines were tumorigenic to athymic nude mice and solid tumors developed 3 weeks after subcutaneous injection in all mice. Histological examination of the grafted tumors revealed the similar morphology with minute cavities in all cases.These results indicate that these three established cell lines could be useful in studying the biological properties of breast carcinoma cells and the mechanisms of drugs used in endocrine therapy.


The invention provides a sugarcane wine brewing process at home. The sugarcane wine prepared by the invention with sugarcane as a main material comprises sugarcane and double nutritional components generated by biological fermentation: amino acids required by human body and fruit acids special in sugarcane. The sugarcane wine is helpful to the metabolization of human body so as to maintain balance. The sugarcane wine is brewed at home, so that the price is low and the taste is pure, and no additives and preservatives are added, so that people are relieved to drink the sugarcane wine. The brewing process is simple and can be used once learned.


In this paper, we propose an analytical framework for modeling and analysis of hospital emergency departments (ED). Using such a framework, we intend to develop methods that can be used to improve ED performance through redistributing limited resources and through identifying and mitigating bottlenecks. Specifically, the following problems will be addressed: (1) analytical modeling and investigation of patient flow and quality of care (e.g., patient outcome or length of stay) in emergency departments, (2) identifying the factors that impede ED performance in the strongest manner and obtaining optimal distribution of limited resources for the best quality of care, and (3) determine optimal workforce configuration and resource allocation to achieve desired performance. A system-theoretic method is proposed to model ED as a complex network with split, parallel, closed, and re-entrant structures, for performance analysis, bottleneck mitigation and resource allocation.


Having stepped into the era of information explosion, storing, processing and analyzing the vast data sometimes are quite intractable problems. However, it is impossible for personal computer or devices to tackle with such heavy workloads. Then, companies that provides cloud computational services come into business. From the perspective of companies, the cost for providing fog computing services is much higher than the traditional computing services. Consequently, the price for real-time requests is more expensive than the reserved services. Aiming at minimizing the expenditures, the most important part is how many cloud services the customers should reserve in advance because different amounts they consume will yield different expenses and both of insufficient and excess consumption result in wastes. The emerging machine learning method provides a powerful tool to address such a prediction problem. In this paper, we propose a hierarchical Pythagorean fuzzy deep neural network (HPFDNN) to forecast the quantity of requisite cloud services. On account of obtaining the better interpretations of original data, beyond the employment of fuzzy logic, the neural representation is also utilized as a complementary method. The information or the knowledge acquired from fuzzy and neural perspectives are coalesced as the final transformed data to be put into the learning systems, so that the useful information concealed in the enormous contents can be effectively described. On the basis of the anticipation of the deep neural network, the consumers are able to decide the amount of cloud services to purchase. Numerical results based on the real data set from Carnegie Mellon University demonstrate that the proposed model yields the economical predictions and outperforms the prediction by the traditional deep neural network.


Bennett [1] gave a generalization of Schur's theorem in order to study various momentpreserving transformations. Recently, Su [5] confirmed a monotonicity conjecture of Bennett which is related to the generalized Schur's theorem and Haber's inequality. In this paper we present a short proof of this result which is based on a combinatorial identity. Moreover, we show that the function in Bennett's conjecture is not only monotonically decreasing but completely monotonic. Furthermore, we give its explicit representation as a Laplace integral which implies the complete monotonicity. Finally, we prove a multivariate version of the above-mentioned combinatorial identity. Mathematics subject classification (2010): 26A06, 44A10, 05A19.


Psych verbs, i.e. verbs that express specific mental states, changes of state or psychological processes, have consistently been an intriguing subject for traditional grammarians and linguists alike (Cuervo 1895, Bello 1898, Belletti & Rizzi 1988, Melis 1999, Vazquez Rozas 2006, 2012 among many others). They constitute a general class, with cross-linguistically identifiable semantic and syntactic characteristics, comprising verbs of feeling (like, love, appreciate, fascinate), perception (see, feel), cognition (know, think, believe), and choice (decide, prefer, choose).1 In Spanish, verbs such as gustar 'to like' exhibit a patterning of syntactic and semantic roles that is different from their English equivalents. The English construction casts its arguments as a nominative subject and an accusative direct object, thus English 'to like' as exemplified in (1) seems a typical transitive construction just like 'I eat apples'.


Biology is a challenging and complicated mess. Understanding this challenging complexity is the realm of the biological sciences: trying to make sense of the massive, messy data in terms of discovering patterns and uncovering underlying general rules. Among the most powerful mathematical tools for organising and helping to structure complex, heterogeneous and noisy data are the tools provided by the family of multivariate statistical analysis (MSA) approaches. In electron microscopy (EM), MSA was first introduced to in 1980, to help sort out different views of macromolecules in a micrograph. After almost 30 years of continuous use and developments, new MSA applications are still being proposed regularly. The speed of general computing has increased dramatically in the three decades since the first use of MSA in electron microscopy. However, we have seen an even more rapid increase in the size and the complexity of the EM data sets we wish to analyse. Therefore, the speed of the MSA computations has become a very serious bottleneck limiting its use. The recent parallelisation of MSA programs open whole new possibilities by making the process to run orders of magnitudes faster exploiting the capacity of hundreds of CPUs simultaneously. The purpose of this paper is to not only intuitively explain the basic principles of multivariate statistical eigenvector-eigenvalue data compression to the novice in the field, but also to provide the more experienced researcher in structural biology with the formulas associated with the various MSA approaches.


The gut microbiome has been increasingly recognized as contributor to the development of obesity and associated disorders such as cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus and several forms of cancers (1,2).


We present SMORS, the first Soft fully actuated MultirOtoR System for multimodal locomotion. Unlike conventional hexarotors, SMORS is equipped with three rigid and three continuously soft arms, with each arm hosting a propeller. We create a bridge between the fields of soft and aerial robotics by mechanically coupling the actuation of a fully actuated flying platform with the actuation of a soft robotic manipulator. Each rotor is slightly tilted, allowing for full actuation of the platform. The soft components combined with the platform's full actuation allow for a robust interaction, in the form of efficient multimodal locomotion. In this work, we present the dynamical model of the platform, derive a closed-loop control, and present simulation results fortifying the robustness of the platform under a jumping-flying maneuver. We demonstrate in simulations that our multimodal locomotion approach can be more energy-efficient than the flight with a hexarotor.


The findings from the time-of-flight (TOF) experiment for strained silicon nanowires are reported in this article, in combination with numerical simulations demonstrating new physical features involved in the quasi-quantum regime. The drift velocity of valence holes is demonstrated to exceed greatly that of conduction electrons. These experimental data are accurately reproduced by our simulations, revealing a dramatic reduction in the hole's effective mass as well as a significant extension of the mean-free time between two consecutive random scattering events due to combined effects of both quantum confinement and biaxial strain. Many-body theory is further introduced for calculating elastic-scattering rate of impurities with the inclusion of static screening under the random-phase approximation. Dark current, photo-current and photoluminescence spectra are all measured in our experiments, in addition to direct TOF experiment by employing a Ti-sapphire mode-locked femtosecond laser, and their data are fully analyzed and physically explained by using both simulations and many-body theory. Our observation that the Einstein's relation does not hold true for 1-D transport under a strong electric field is supported by a quantum-statistical calculation. Our discovery with a very large hole mobility is expected to play a key role in establishing a much more straight-forward technical path towards high-performance CMOS and radio-frequency amplifiers than current ones.


Objective To understand the personnel psychological stress and their needs in a sterilization and supply center then seek to ease the pressure countermeasures. Methods A questionnaire survey with self-administered questionnaire was applied to 56 sterile supply personnel in two Tianjin hospitals. Results There is a big pressure amount the sterile supply staff, the main sources of stress were: fear of mistakes, work stress, occupational exposure to large, low paid, poor physical condition, low acceptance, more inspection, etc. In addition, the survey also indicated that psychological pressure is directly proportional to person's age and the length of nursing period: the older and longer nursing age, the greater the pressure. Conclusion The psychological pressure source of these personnel is mainly from the nature of the work and working environment. Managers should pay attention to the maintenance of the physical and mental health of the nurses working in the center, thereby reducing pressure on nurses and improve the quality of sterilization and supply center.


The Diethylene Glycol Dibenzoate(DEDB) as the main plasticizer of polyvinyl chloride(PVC) is composed by Diethylene and Benzene monocarbonic acid under the catalyst with P-methyl Benzene sulfonic acid.The Experiment research indicates that the method is simply workable and the receiving rate is more than 90%.This new technology products fits completely the standards of SG76-73.The function is close with DOP.


OBJECTIVES
To verify in exclusively breast-fed, term infants the incidence of hypernatremic dehydration and identify possible maternal and/or infant factors that interfere with successful breast-feeding.

STUDY DESIGN
We prospectively included all healthy breast-fed neonates referred to our Neonatology Unit between October 1999 and March 2000. All neonates with a weight loss > or = 10% of birth weight had a breast-feeding test and a determination of serum sodium, urea, and base excess. Student t test and chi-square test were used for statistical analysis of the data.

RESULTS
Of 686 neonates, 53 (7.7%) had a weight loss > or = 10% of the birth weight, and 19 also had hypernatremia. These 53 neonates had a significantly higher incidence of caesarean delivery and lower maternal education than neonates with a weight loss < 10%.

CONCLUSION
Our prospective study demonstrates that a weight loss > or = 10% during the first days of life is frequent. Daily weight evaluation, careful breast-feeding assessment, and early routine postpartum follow-up are effective methods to prevent hypernatremic dehydration and promote breast-feeding.


Accurately predicting mechanical stresses in knee bones is critical in the design of total knee replacement (TKR) implants. Subject specific finite element (FE) models can be particularly helpful in developing implants for individuals requiring non-conventional implants. Capturing the complex 3D knee bone geometry is a crucial first step in generating such FE models. Such geometry can be reconstructed from computed tomography (CT) images using voxel mesh techniques (Keyak et al., 1990). However, the subsequent models contain jagged edges and lack a clearly defined endosteum, potentially compromising the accuracy of stress predictions. Alternatively, surfaces can be reconstructed by skinning with NURBS surfaces. However, problems have been encountered with bifurcating geometry such as in the femoral condyles (Viceconti et al., 1999).


Adolescents tend to face many anxieties in the process of identity constructions. The trouble maker can be observed in the process of school days. The paper discusses empirically in terms of the mental health of students. A mental survey is conducted on the basis of psychiatry and clinical psychology. Fuzzy reasoning model is applied as an intelligent information processing for in-depth psychological analysis. Furthermore, the study constructed a diagnosis model for the trouble making in school attendance based on the evaluation of personality disorder diagnoses as well as internal problems. The possible solutions to the university attendance problem for students are analysed empirically.


The Dempster-Shafer theory of evidence (DS theory) is one of the major approaches for reasoning under uncertainty. Although in most of cases, the theory is regarded as a new terminology for dealing with uncertainty , it has been proved that DS theory is closed related to probability theory Fagin and Halpern, 1989]. In this paper, we discuss a probabilistic background of mass functions under Dempster's framework. This discussion suggests that the mass function comes out of probabilities and Dempster's framework implies the prototype of mass functions.


The article sets up the objective weights of multiattribute estimation using the entropy theory, and confirms its synthetical weights with the subjective judgment, so that a multiattribute estimation model is built up. Then using this model, it analyses the 5 typical student loan scheme in the world of Hong kong, China, USA, Canada, Thailand,and calculates the synthetical weights of every attribute as well as the total estimation result of every country student loan scheme, which indicates the arrangement of every attribute weights in student loan scheme. Based on the arrangement, it also proposes some material policy suggestions to improve the student loan scheme in our country.


Fish meal and soyabean meal were evaluated as protein sources for mature ewes suckling twin lambs in a series of experiments. In all experiments, a basal diet was formulated from roughage, concentrates and molasses. A total of 258 individually penned ewes contributed data. The first experiment compared soyabean meal and fish meal as protein supplements at a metabolisable energy (ME) intake of 22.5 MJ and at protein to energy ratios of 11, 14 and 17 g crude protein per MJ ME. In the second experiment, the same protein sources were evaluated at two ME intakes and at protein to energy ratios of 13, 16 and 19 g crude protein per MJ ME. In a third experiment the roughage content of the diet was varied. In all experiments, the effects of diet on lamb growth rate during the first 6 to 7 weeks of lactation and on ewe liveweight change were observed. Milk yield and composition were studied


Taiwan is not known as a country of much labor activism or of any special pattern of class politics, and thus its labor movement has received little attention in the literature. Ming-sho Ho's Working Class Formation in Taiwan will be a valuable addition to this scant literature on Taiwan's labor movement. The purpose of the book is to analyze ''how Taiwan's workers in state-owned enterprises (SOEs) managed to change their subordination and dependence in the 1945–2012 period'' (p. ix). The focus of the study is on the SOE workers, not on the entire working class, and within the SOE sector, on two groups of workers: petroleum and sugar workers. This delimitation of the study population is justified, given the large size of SOEs and their leading role in Taiwan's labor movement in recent years. The author has conducted intensive interviews with workers in the petroleum and sugar industries. This book demonstrates that Taiwan's labor history was indeed characterized by a remarkable degree of labor docility and ''industrial peace'' during the period of rapid industrial development since the early 1960s. Hardly any significant labor conflicts or unionization struggles occurred until the late 1980s. The phrase ''working class formation,'' thus, appears somewhat unfit to describe Taiwan's labor situation during the industrial era. The active unionization movement did occur, however, following political liberalization in 1987. But the militant union movement of this period did not last long; it began to recede in the early 2000s as Taiwan's economy was transformed under the impact of neoliberal globalization. Preoccupied with their own job security, which was being threatened by privatization and neoliberal labor market reform, rank-and-file workers quickly abandoned their union activism and returned to their usual passivity. The highly politicized union movement that emerged in the post-1987 period, which the author calls ''social movement unionism,'' quickly declined and gradually turned into the narrow ''economic unionism'' by the early 2000s. But the main concern of the study is not really with this larger picture of working class formation or its absence. Instead, the author's primary interest is in capturing diverse forms of worker resistance under the fac xade of labor submission and passivity. Three substantive chapters of the book are concerned with these mundane forms of resistance (''everyday resistance''), while only one chapter is devoted to describing the rise and fall of militant unionism since the late 1980s. The major thesis of the book is that intraclass division can play a more important role in promoting labor activism than interclass division. ''The experience of Taiwan's SOE workers,'' the author argues, ''offers us a case in which the intraclass rather than interclass divide gives rise to workplace contentions. . . . it is their internal difference [sic] that fuel labor activism'' (p. 186). He stresses three forms of intraclass division among the Taiwanese workers: ethnicity (between the Taiwanese and the mainlander Chinese), party (KMT) membership, and job position within the workplace. He regards these three bases of division as ''institutions'' and stresses historical institutionalism as his principal theoretical approach. Having identified these internal cleavages among the workers, the book describes in detail how workers adapted to the authoritarian industrial structure. The following paragraph summarizes the main finding of the study:


Institutions of higher education do not only act as media for the educational process but must also become learning organizations. Various learning support facilities are widely available in this age of technology. One means that can be used is the Internet. The internet is a useful tool for accessing information in various formats from all over the world. The internet provides convenience in the world of education as a learning medium. Based on these conditions, online lecture training is conducted with the aim of improving the learning process during lectures. The training is carried out with Google classroom application material and the creation of learning video content. Using Google classroom can give students access to online learning. The training is carried out by direct practice using each lecturer's notebook. The results obtained during the training showed very high lecturer enthusiasm. The training makes the lecturers have the ability to better manage the lecture material, the skills of lecturers also increase by doing the practice directly. The ability of lecturers in interpersonal communication also increases with class collaboration. Through training can make changes in cognitive abilities, motor skills, values ??of affection, emotional values, and spiritual values.


Approximate query processing can help reduce response time for aggregate queries in exploratory data analysis. In this study, we describe basic query transformation rules for processing approximate queries using synthetic data tables or inferential models. Based on the preliminary experimental results, we confirm that ML models can be used to provide approximate query results in response times acceptable for applications.


While the impact of demographic factors on postoperative outcomes has been examined, little is known about the intersection between social vulnerability and residential diversity on postoperative outcomes following cancer surgery.


The increasing number of traffic accidents from year to year requires serious attention and mitigation. Because considering that traffic accidents are a high enough killer factor. The dominant factor that causes the accident is difficult to know, because the driver's error factor is still the benchmark, especially on Jalan Lintang Kampung Kemili. Bebesen District, Central Aceh Regency. The Apriori method works by finding the frequent item set from a data stored in a large database. Aims to find out the dominant causes of traffic accidents. The basic idea of the Apriori algorithm is to find a combination of items that meet the minimum requirements of the support value in the database. The support value of an item is obtained Frequent itemset which shows the itemset that has a frequency of occurrence more than the specified minimum value. The results of the multiplication between the support and confidence factors that caused accidents that often occurred during 2018 were caused by drivers under U (age) who often violated traffic and the physical condition of the drivers causing a high accident rate with a support value of 16% and a confidence value of 50%.


This article presents the design and test of a receiver front end aimed at LMDS applications at 28.5 GHz. It presents a system‐level design after which the receiver was designed. The receiver comprises an LNA, quadrature mixer and quadrature local oscillator. Experimental results at 24 GHz center frequency show a conversion voltage gain of 15 dB and conversion noise figure of 14.5 dB. The receiver operates from a 2.5 V power supply with a total current consumption of 31 mA. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 52: 736–740, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.25010


The system is configured to optimize your internet marketing channels for multi-channel marketing campaigns. The system includes an optimization model storage unit for storing a plurality of optimization models for optimizing your Internet marketing channels. The system also includes a statement unit determining an estimated miniature P & L for each item of the Internet marketing channel. Thereby miniature P & L is connected with the income and profit estimates for potential investment in a potential investment in the item relating to each item. Import response unit generates profit response data for each item based on the basis of the miniature P & L for each item generate revenue response data for each item, profit response unit is in the miniature P & L for each item. Efficiency frontier response unit for generating the efficiency frontier response data from the revenue response data and the profit response data, wherein the efficiency frontier response data identifies a point that returns is reduced with respect to each item based on tujaryang for each item.


Abstract This article describes the experience of a family therapist working in a family with an adolescent child suffering from a terminal illness. This work was undertaken in the framework of the Mexican Institute of Social Security. In dealing with patents afflicted with incurable diseases such as renal deficiency, osteosarcoma or leukemia, which will eventally lead to death, it is important to know about the successive stages in this progression from life to death and to understand them. Some authors have studied in general the reactions of the dying and their families. Kubler-Ross (1970) reports denial, resentment, bargaining, depression and acceptance; Eric Lindemann (1944) mentions pain, anxiety, tension and guilt as the main components of mourning. Psychotherapy with the terminal patient and their family is intimately concerned with the separation process, which is always accompanied by anxiety; this can become so acute that it feels like death or total annihilation. The family responds in many wa...


experience can arise. Nevertheless, the refutation of intuitional ontologism (127) clings to notions like perception, feeling, intuition, experience (of values) which have notions like knowledge and cognition for synonyms (117, n. 448). Pointing to these synonyms and stressing them, the Augustinist could deny the contradiction which the Thomist tries to indicate (122), in other words that it is the same feeling having to be recognized and being unable to do so. The complex of gnoseological elements includes, according to Hessen, some intellectualism, and controversy is just what it must have to guarantee a correct acknowledgement of values. This is the first alternative to which the problem can be reduced. On the other hand, for Mynarek a very direct mystical experience like that of Tberesia de Jesu can convey the absolute certitude of the conviction that God Himself is present (127-142). But this is possible only on the two highest ranks of supernatural impressions (who knows the hierarchy of religious feelings to be able to define its lower ranks?). Whereas for Hessen in every religions experience and life is undoubtable objective-ontological knowledge of God. Only because Mynarek silently demands Hessen to admit that hierarchy as a canonical one, he can reproach Hessen with the substitution of a part (the two highest ranks) for the whole (mystical-religious life in general). Anyhow we will follow Mynarek in saying that either in the whole of religious life including intellect and subsequent faith or in its utter ecstatic heights, and supposedly then, without any rational frame (bu~ is this true for the examples quoted: Moses, Paulus, Augustinus, Tberesia?), religion founds itself. If we do really have here the totum, or if a pars is set pro toto (166), that is the other alternative to which the problem can be reduced. There may be readers who for other reasons than either opponent ever faced did not become aware of the importance of these alternatives until now, and for them the discussion presented with this book, however exact it may be, will remain strange and stale. CARSTEN O~LPE Berlin, Germany


Wood-ceramic composites which demonstrate some unique characteristics have attracted scientists' research attention lately.A modified sol prepared through the methyl triethoxy silane(MTES) hydrolysis process was impregnated into the wood cells with vacuum-pressure cycles.The alternate pressure cycles overcame some barriers of slow and incomplete impregnation that the previous processing method presented.The results indicate that wood-ceramic composites made with the METS modified sol through the alternate pressure cycles exhibit improved water-repellency and plasticity,and the mechanical property is also enhanced.


Injection of imbibition fluids or CO2 during hydraulic fracturing is an effective stimulation method for tight oil reservoirs. Selecting appropriate agents is significant to optimize the integrated scheme of fracturing and production in tight oil reservoirs. In this study, a series of lab experiments, including spontaneous imbibition, dynamic imbibition, and huff and puff, were carried out using real tight cores, water absorption apparatus, and core flooding equipment. The EOR performances of imbibition fluids and CO2 in fractured tight cores were compared. The mass transfer of imbibition fluids and CO2 in tight oil reservoirs and its influence on the sweeping volume and EOR mechanisms were discussed. The results show that (1) the spontaneous imbibition rate of imbibition fluids in tight cores is slow, and the oil recovery factor by spontaneous imbibition in cracked cores is relatively high, up to 13.42%. (2) In the dynamic imbibition experiments, the final oil recovery by CO2 injection was significantly higher than that by injecting imbibition liquids. Because of the excellent miscibility effect of CO2, oil production by CO2 injection mainly occurred in the primary displacement stage. Comparatively, the EOR effect of imbibition fluids mainly played its role during production after well shut-in, which can increase the oil recovery factor by 7.35%-11.64%. (3) The influence of the huff and puff mode of CO2 on EOR performance is greater than that of imbibition fluids due to its more sensitive compressibility and mass transfer rate. Generally, a high oil recovery factor can be obtained if the depletion production is conducted first, and a huff and puff operation is followed. (4) Comprehensively understanding the mass transfer characteristics of CO2 and imbibition fluids in tight oil reservoirs can guide the fracturing parameter design, such as the order of fracturing fluid slugs, the optimal soak time, and fracture spacing.


This work describes the main revision content of the power industry standard (DL/T 5486-2020) (Technical specification for the design of steel supporting structures of overhead transmission line). And the effects of the new revision standard (DL/T 5154-2012) Technical code for the design of tower and pole structures of overhead transmission line (DL/T 5154-2012), on the general design of 35kV~750kV steel towers are analyzed in depth. Subsequently, the optimization suggestions of general design of the steel tower are proposed.


In major depression, hypoactivity of the mono-amines serotonin, noradrenaline and dopamine can be found in the midbrain. This is mostly caused by polymorphisms of the serotonin, norepinephrine or dopamine transporter genes. Moreover, two presynaptic inhibitory neurotransmitters gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate are involved in pathophysiology of the disease, these neurotransmitters show hypo- and hyperactivity in some brain regions. In treatment of major depression, selective serotonin or noradrenaline reputake inhibitors or dual-binding antidepressants are administered. The different antidepressants have comparable effects, noradrenaline selective antidepressant improve the "decreased positive effect". Triple reuptake inhibitors are being examined in clinical trials. In the midbrain, the following neuronal network can be described. Serotonergic neurons in the dorsal medial raphe nuclei transmit a postsynaptic excitatory impulse upon GABAergic neurons via 5-HT1A receptors. The GABAergic neurons in their turn inhibit presynaptically noradrenergic neurons via GABAB receptors. The latter neurons transmit a postsynaptic activating impulse upon glutaminergic neurons via alpha1 receptors. The glutaminergic neurons inhibit serotonergic neurons via the subtype 5 of metabotropic glutaminergic receptors (mGlu5). GABAergic neurons of this center inhibit presynaptically other GABAergic neurons of the center of the circadian rhythm via GABAB receptors and glutaminergic neurons other glutaminergic neurons in the mentioned center via mGlu5 receptors. In major depression, serotonergic and noradrenergic neurons show a decreased activity due to an increased presynaptic inhibition by GABAB and mGlu5 receptors. The question that arises is whether, in addition to the conventional antidepressant treatment, antagonism at GABAB and mGlu5 receptors might improve depressive symptoms.


The Lomond gold digging mania occurred in May 1852, and lasted about a month. There was a daily average of 300 diggers—at least 5000 to 6000 in all. Many of them were coal and iron miners, who were earning 15s. per week or upwards, and who had thrown up their employment to embark in the alluring lottery of gold seeking. The excitement extended over an area of twenty miles, including the opposite shores of the Forth and Tay. The origin of the mania was the statement of a convict, a native of Kinnesswood, who wrote from Australia to the friends he had in the Kinross-shire village, that he had often seen gold at home at the lime quarries above Kinnesswood, in the Bishop's Hill, similar to what was being dug in Australia. At this particular time the public mind was in a condition of great excitement produced by the brilliant auriferous discoveries in California in 1847, intensified and revivified by the no less splendid results of gold digging in Australia in September 1851; added to which, there were certain floating local popular traditions or proverbs which gave a spurious weight or significance to the convict's rash and inconsiderate assertion. The centre of attraction to the Fifeshire diggers—the chief scene of their labours—appears to have been a quarry of carboniferous limestone, known in the district as the ‶Clattering,″ or ‶Clattering Well.″ This quarry is situated ‶right above the village,″ and north-west of Kinnesswood in Kinross-shire, ‶about a gunshot back from the brow of the Bishop Hill″ near its summit. Its locality is on the south base of the West Lomond Hill, overlooking Loch Leven. Superjacent to the limestone, which is richly fossiliferous, is a bed of ochre, abounding in globular masses of iron pyrites, known to the quarrymen as ‶fairy balls,″ from the size of a fist to that of a man's head. Incredible as it may appear, these iron pyrites were dug out and carried away in large quantities in the mistaken belief that they were lumps of gold.


1-Vinylimidazole is grafted onto Poly(ethylene-alt-tetrafluoroethylen (ETFE) by means of pre-irradiation technique with electron beam doses between 50 and 150 kGy. The degree of grafting is significantly increased to values of up to 115% by addition of 20-50 mmol/L of an Fe 2+ salt that facilitates the decomposition of the peroxide structures within the irradiated films. The obtained mechanically stable and flexible ETFE-graft-poly(i-vinylimidazole) membranes exhibit a homogenous distribution of the graft polymer for degrees of grafting greater than 50 wt.-% and show thermal stability up to 250 °C. The applicability of these membranes as anhydrous proton conducting material when doped with phosphoric acid and the complexation capability for Cu 2+ ions is demonstrated.


Abstract Borohydride supported on an ion exchange resin in methanol reduced aryl azides and arylsulfonyl azides to the corresponding aromatic amines and aryl sulfonamides in excellent yields. The isolation of pure products by simple filtration and evaporation is an important feature of this method.


In this paper, we present an approach to microadaptivity, i.e. to adaptivity within complex learning situations as they occur, e.g., in game-based learning. Integrating the competence-based knowledge space theory and the information-processing theory of human problem solving we developed a sound model as a basis for microadaptivity and continuous competence state monitoring. The architectural design of a first demonstrator is


Abstract Parkinson's disease is the most common basal ganglia disorder that is caused by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. This article reviews the normal physiology of the basal ganglia in the normal state, as well as the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease (PD) and other movement disorders associated with the basal ganglia. Also discussed is the pathophysiological basis for the surgical treatment of PD.


In this work, we study the long time asymptotics of a coagulation model which describes the evolution of a system of particles characterized by their volume and surface area. The aggregation mechanism takes place in two stages: collision and fusion of particles. During the collision stage, the two particles merge at a contact point. The newly formed particle has volume and area equal to the sum of the respective quantities of the two colliding particles. After collision, the fusion phase begins and during it the geometry of the interacting particles is modified in such a way that the volume of the total system is preserved and the surface area is reduced. During their evolution, the particles must satisfy the isoperimetric inequality. Therefore, the distribution of particles in the volume and area space is supported in the region where $\{a\geq (36\pi)^{\frac{1}{3}}v^{\frac{2}{3}}\}$. We assume the coagulation kernel has a weak dependence on the area variable. We prove existence of self-similar profiles for some choices of the functions describing the fusion rate for which the particles have a shape that is close to spherical. On the other hand, for other fusion mechanisms and suitable choices of initial data, we show that the particle distribution describes a system of ramified-like particles.


A hypothetical transition-metal superconductor having a narrow {ital d} band and a sublattice of filled-shell negative ions is studied. The transverse collective vibrations of the last-filled negative-ion shells (e.g., {ital L} shells for O{sup 2{minus}} or {ital M} shells for S{sup 2{minus}}) are invoked to mediate an interaction between the Bloch states of a nearly localized {ital d} band. The coupling constant {lambda}{sub {ital c}} that determines the critical temperature is surprisingly large. {Tc}{similar to}{ital w} exp({minus}1/({lambda}{sub {ital c}}{minus}{mu})), where {ital w} is the {ital d}-band width and {mu} is the unreduced Coulomb parameter (i.e., not {mu}{sup *}). The explicit expression for {lambda}{sub {ital c}} provides guidelines for selection of potential superconducting compounds.


In May, Middle Eastern leaders met with President Obama at Camp David for a meeting of the Gulf Cooperation Council. While many conservatives have criticized the summit as a failure for the lack of a U.S. commitment to Sunni states against the potential threat from Iran, Harry C. Blaney argues that these critiques are ideologically-driven and do not reflect the realities on the ground. He writes that what is now needed is a larger region-wide security framework for all countries in the region and continued efforts towards solving long-term conflicts.


On the basis of analysis about the concept of eco-economic urban and meaning,this paper summarized the overall layout and basic features of the eco-economic urban by taking Jilin province as an example.And then the construction standard and implementation ways of eco-economic urban in Jilin province were proposed.The main masterstroke was to develop eco-environment economy.To control the population scale and consummate function compartmentalization can realize the resource optimized configuration and the reasonable layout of productivity.All those above were the development strategies.


Organic fertilizer preparation was developed with organic materials to improve growth and qualities of cool-season turfgrass species. Organic fertilizer preparation were contained with essential macronutrient elements and organic matter for growth of cool season turfgrass. Four preparations of organic fertilizers were tested on creeping bentgrass (Agrostis palustris Huds) cultivar Penn-A1 and Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) mixed cultivars (Midnight 33%, Moonlight 33%, and Prosperity 33%) by one time application on fifty days after sowing. Two species of cool season turfgrasses were evaluated on turfgrass coverage, growth on NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) and qualities from fall season to spring season in sod producing farm. It were found significantly difference found on turfgrass coverage, turf color, chlorophyll contents and growth increase on two species of cool season turfgrasses. Turfgrass coverage, chlorophyll content, turf color and growth increase of organic fertilizer preparation were significantly increased on creeping bentgrass cultivar and Kentucky bluegrass mixed cultivar for six time investigation in spring season. These results may indicate that the use of some preparation is beneficial for sod producing sod and turfgrass management.


This is a study of the ground beetle fauna of different habitat types in peat bog remnants. Its aim was a breakdown into different carabid assemblages and to verify whether a typical peat bog assemblage exists. Based on these results, we would then try to evaluate habitat quality. The study was conducted in three peat bog remnants in Northwest Germany (North Rhine-Westphalia). Carabids were sampled with pitfall traps between May and July 2008 in 21 study sites. A total of 4,201 individuals belonging to 75 species were captured. By using nonmetric multidimensional scaling, we were able to define five carabid assemblages. For each assemblage, indicator species were defined with the IndVal procedure. The definition of a peat bog specific community was controversial. However, the occurrence of the tyrphobiontic species Agonum ericeti showed that at least some parts of the study area had a high habitat quality. With suitable peat bog management the unique character of these peat bog remnants could be preserved or advanced.


The variation with water content of dc conductivity and Na diffusion coefficient for the Na/sub 2/O x 4SiO/sub 2/ and Na/sub 2/O x 2SiO/sub 2/ glass systems was found to be similar to that of the Na/sub 2/O x 3SiO/sub 2/ series reported earlier. The conductivity was estimated for the ternary system Na/sub 2/O-H/sub 2/O-SiO/sub 2/ by combining the present results with the previous data on the Na/sub 2/O X 3SiO/sub 2/ system. When the conductivity of those glasses with a constant (Na/sub 2/O) + (H/sub 2/O) content was plotted against water content, a pronounced mixed ''alkali'' effect was demonstrated. The Haven ratio, calculated by comparison of the dc conductivity to the Na diffusion coefficient at 100/sup 0/C for each of the three glass systems, was found to increase toward unity with increasing water content. This suggests that the addition of water reduces the number of sodium charge carriers. The subsequent increase in conductivity beyond the minimum with the introduction of larger amounts of water is, probably, due to an increase in the mobility of the Na+ ions.


The ability to create nulls in the transmit pattern of a phased array antenna has many applications for communication and radar systems, including interference and clutter mitigation. Most nulling techniques introduce small perturbations in amplitude and phase, or phase-only, at each element of the phased array. For ease of implementation, phase-only perturbations are usually desired and provide acceptable null depths. However, the phase shift at each array element will vary with the frequency of the transmitted signal. As a result, the depth and pointing accuracy of the transmit null will not be uniform over the bandwidth of the transmitted signal. A more robust transmit nulling approach is to insert a tapped delay line (TDL) behind each array element instead of a phase shift. As shown in this paper, the null depths achieved over wide signal bandwidths are far superior to conventional phase-only approaches.


Designing secure systems is a major problem for researchers. Security critical systems must perform at the required security level, make effective use of available resources, and meet end-users expectations. Balancing these needs, and at the same time fulfilling budget and time-to-market constraints, requires developers to design and evaluate alternative security treatment strategies. Incomplete design of security system may cause failure of that system. So here we are presenting a security methodology for developing secure systems. This methodology begins with designers defining system assets, identifying potential attacks against them, and evaluating system risks. When a risk is unacceptable, designers must mitigate the associated threat by incorporating security mechanisms methodically into the system design. Designers next formally evaluate the resulting design to ensure that the threat has been mitigated, while still allowing development to meet other project constraints. Here we are presenting security methodology which involves two steps, 1) Security analysis and 2) trade-off analysis. This eases the trade-off by making it possible to swap treatment strategies. The trade-off analysis is implemented using BBN, and fitness score is computed by estimating a set of variables de-scribing properties of a treatment strategy.


Yttrium oxide Y2O3 films are prepared by rf sputtering on to silicon substrates and characterized by current‐voltage I‐V, capacitance‐voltage C‐V and capacitance‐time C‐t measurements. Relative permittivity increases with substrate heating from room temperature to 600 °C. As‐deposited films show large flat‐band voltage and interface trap density, which improve upon annealing in oxygen or hydrogen ambient up to 600 °C. However, film resistivity degrades by about 1 order of magnitude. Large hysteresis is observed in the C‐V curves, particularly for films deposited at high substrate temperature. This observation is attributed to the interfacial polarization at the Y2O3/SiO2 (native) interface. By monitoring the device capacitance over time for a given applied voltage, the resultant curves can be fitted to an exponential time dependent relation: C(t)=α0−α1exp(−t/τ). The time constant is further found to exhibit a dependence on the applied voltage of the form τ=τ0exp(−V0/V). Comparison with electron‐beam depos...


Kanisorn Wongsrichanalai explores perceptions of national loyalty held by college-educated northern men during the war. His work draws on the writings of a group of New England graduates, whom he labels the New Brahmins. He highlights how their sense of moral duty as educated elites, along with their commitment to the Union, compelled them to enlist into the army. Focusing on McClellan's leadership, the controversy of emancipation, and the election of 1864, Wongsrichanalai shows how these men viewed military and political issues through nonpartisan lenses. Holding military success and union victory as the priority, these soldiers were quite critical of partisan devotionand unquestioned support of the government. According to the author, the New Brahmins reflect an understudied northern honor or nationalism, in which elite young officers pursued the greater good of society without fear of individual consequences.


Taylor et al. (1999) studied the fossil crayfish from the Upper Jurassic Yixian Formation of Jehol Group, Liaoning Province, China. Very recently more specimens were found from these sites. One of these is worthy of special remark and illustration. Specimen 126354 appears to be a molted exo skeleton (Plate Ⅰ). Much research has been conducted on the taphonomy of crustaceans (e. g., see Hof and Briggs, 1997). In all cases, these experiments have involved the death and preservation of intact animals. The processes of bacterially modulated phosphatization commence almost immediate after death, and distinctive stages in the process have been recognized for both the cuticles and soft tissues therein. Actual molts in the fossil record are rare. The entire mineral and much of the organic material of an arthropod exoskeleton are reabsorbed prior to ecdysis. What is cast off then is very thin and friable, and these breakdown very readily. Furthermore, crustaceans often eat the shed exoskeleton to recycle the unabsorbed materials back into laying down the layers of the new skeleton. Consequently, molted skeletons do not remain in the environment for long in order to be buried and fossilized. This specimen appears to us to be a molt for three reasons. First is its apparent lack of a carapace. As crayfish molt, the exoskeleton typically splits down the dorsal midline to allow the animal to step out of the shell. The carapace is attached to the rest of the exoskeleton by thin arthrodial membranes in the branchiostegal region and at the front of the cephalon. These readily separate from the remains of the sternites and endoskeletal apodemes along the ventral surface. Second, the thoracic limbs are partially disarticu lated and splayed in a manner of a molt, and the fractosternal suture rather evident. The arthrodial membranes between leg and body segments are very thin in a molted skeleton and can easily part. Third, there is little or no evidence of internal phosphatized soft tissue in the specimen at hand. Crayfish of the Jehol biota almost always have remains of the soft tissue preserved, and indeed pre sence of this material often complicates interpretation of the fossilized structures on these animals. There is some indication of spot phosphatization of the cuticle in this specimen, akin to that documented by Hof and Briggs (1997), but we see no remnants of phosphtized muscles beneath the cuticle. This specimen probably is a post adult individual some 11.5 cm in length, and may be a female with an annulus ventralis. It may belong to Cricoidoscelosus aethus rather than Palaeocambarus licenti based on its flagellate pleopods. The recognition of these molts adds to the unusual and distinctive preservation now becoming recognized from the various localities and strata of the Jehol biota of northeastern China.


AIM: To investigate whether Naoxueling granule can inhibit the inflammatory cascade reaction after intracerebral hemorrhage in rats.METHODS: Male SD rats received an infusion of 50 μL autologous blood into the right basal ganglia.The rats were randomly divided into sham operated group,model group,Huatuozaizao bolus group and Naoxueling granule group.The(expressions) of TNF-α,IL-1β,iNOS were observed by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization.RESULTS: The expressions of TNF-α,IL-1β,iNOS all increased on 7 d after modeling.Naoxueling granule markedly decreased the expressions of TNF-α,IL-1β,iNOS at the protein and mRNA levels.Compared with the model group,Huatuozaizao bolus group had no significant difference in the expressions of TNF-α,IL-1β and iNOS.CONCLUSION: The mechanism of Naoxueling granule against intracerebral hemorrhage may be related to the effect of inhibiting inflammatory cascade reaction.


The use of an Identity Management Architecture is emerging as a key concept in meeting the requirements for an effective information security architecture. This paper describes some of the results of a recent case study of the current designs for Identity Management Architecture within the Australian Public Sector and extracts the common elements of these architectures. The major elements of Identity Management are described and a new definition for an Identity Management Architecture is proposed. Identity Management Architecture is a new research area where further research is required. This work should contribute to the further development of Identity Management models.


The article by Bass et al titled, ''A review of pre-analytical factors affecting molecular, protein, and morphological analysis of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue: how well do you know your FFPE specimen?'', found in this issue, is a very ambitious review of preanalytic factors and their potential effects on tests performed to detect proteins, RNA, and DNA from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue. It's easy to be frustrated by this article, because it shows how little we know of preanalytic factors that could affect further testing. Preanalytic factors are important; this is highlighted every time someone processes tissue that is not sufficiently fixed. The next day, a proper tissue section for glass mounting cannot be cut adequately, and if cut, those sections are poor and possibly uninterpretable using traditional histochemical stains, not to mention immunohistochemical methodologies. Should we not be worrying about the condition and availability of RNA and DNA integrity in FFPE specimens? FFPE was primarily developed and used for its ability to preserve tissue indefinitely for morphologic examination. At its inception, many special (chemical) stains were developed that have served us well for decades. It is worthwhile to pause for a moment to appreciate that the value of these histochemical stains was rooted in their ability to identify and tinctorially discriminate various subcellular components (eg, mucin, iron, glycogen, collagen, keratin, amyloid, reticulin, basement membrane, myelin, etc), and as such, represent the surgical pathologist's initial foray into the molecular biology of the cell. This was followed by direct examination of cellular ultrastructure using electron microscopy and, beginning in the 1980s, by immunohistochemical methods. This expanded our ability to identify the expression and location of various protein antigens. Typically, these antigens are first studied using frozen sections, acknowledging that very few antigens survive formalin fixation unscathed. With time, however, we invented more sensitive detection schemes and learned how to ''retrieve'' these masked antigens so that they can be reliably detected. In the 1990s in situ methods were adopted to detect specific RNA and DNA targets in FFPE tissues. For all of these new technologies, we have adapted them to perform well with established tissue fixation protocols that ensured consistent histology.


Homotopy-based algorithms for solving the systems of nonlinear equations which arise in DSP when pole-zero models are used are proposed. Applications include autoregressive-moving average (ARMA) estimation for spectral estimation and system identification and optimal infinite-impulse-response (IIR) filter design. Nonlinear defining equations for the optimal system parameters result in a multimodal performance surface. Current numerical methods for solving these systems of nonlinear equations use gradient-based numerical methods which cannot distinguish between local and global minima or solve related suboptimal problems and which may not converge. Homotopy-based continuation methods are globally convergent numerical methods from which algorithms for finding the global minima of these nonlinear parameter estimation problems can be formed. A review is presented of homotopy continuation methods and digital signal processing using pole-zero structures, the homotopy functions proposed for solving these problems are discussed, and an illustrative example is provided.<<ETX>>


In the first part of this paper (abstract 46-11-502) the author discussed differentia t e closed curves K of real order w + 1 in Rn by means of a certain single-valued correspondence of the K. He proved that S^w + 1, 5 = ^ + 1 (mod 2) if 5 is the sum of the multiplicities of the singular points, and he characterized the case S = n-\-l. Extending a simple remark on rotation numbers to multi-valued correspondences, the author discusses a two-valued and a three-valued correspondence defined on certain arcs of the K and on the whole K respectively, and connected with the projections of the K from its osculating (n— 2)-spaces and (n— 3)-spaces respectively. The study of these two correspondences yields: (1) the first estimates of the number of osculating (w—2)-spaces which meet the K again; (2) the classification of the K with S — n— 1; (3) the classification of the K', (4) a more systematic access to the classification of the K (previously obtained by the author). (Received January 24, 1941.)


BACKGROUND
To detect DNA adduct in lung cancer tissues and analyze the factors influencing formation of DNA adduct.

METHODS
DNA was extracted from the tumor tissues derived from 34 patients with lung cancer. DNA adducts were analyzed using 32P-postlabeling method with P 1 nuclear modification.

RESULTS
DNA adduct level was significantly higher in smoking patients than that in non smoking patients(P < 0.05). DNA adduct level was related to the histological classification, degree of cell differentiation and lymph node metastasis, but not to age and sex.

CONCLUSIONS
DNA adduct level might be used as a potential marker to estimate malignant degree for lung cancer.


For the series of alloys based on iron metal group the temperature dependences of the Hall coefficient, electrical resistance, saturation magnetization in the amorphous and crystalline states are investigated. Within the Kondorsky-Vedyaev-Granovski theory framework the relationship between anomalous Hall coefficient Rs, electrical resistivity and saturation magnetization Js was determined. The change mechanism for some physical parameters of amorphous alloys was revealed both in the case of the heat treatment and for the transition to the crystalline state as well.


People often take reinforced concrete piles as uplift piles,the ratio of cross-section reinforcement in reinforced concrete piles is decided by the crack resistance,the tensile strength of the pile is excessively greater than needed,and it is uneconomic.The prestressing force technology not only can satisfy the cross section tensile strength,but also can control the concrete rift,another,thinking of raising frictional resistance around the pile body,the squared pile is better than the circular pile,but there is not an example of the pretensioned prefabricated squared piles used as uplift piles at present.Through example calculation,this article compares the mechanical property and the crack resistance between pretensioned prefabricated squared uplift piles and reinforced concrete uplift piles,approves the technical feasibility and economic superiority of appling pretensioned prefabricated squared piles as uplift pile.


The growth of Islamic insurance in Indonesia has experienced significant growth. On the other hand, the market share of Islamic insurance in Indonesia is still at 5%. As a country with a Muslim majority population, it is essential to know the factors that influence the interest of Muslims to adopt Sharia insurance in Indonesia. In this study, the author tries to analyze the factors that influence a Muslim's interest in adopting Sharia insurance in Indonesia. This study uses the theory of the planned behavior approach. The study results show that the variables of attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control have a positive and significant influence on the interest of a Muslim to adopt Sharia insurance in Indonesia. The theory of planned behavior is the main factor for Muslim communities to use sharia insurance. Islamic insurance companies need to pay attention to subjective norms, perceived moral control, and public attitudes in promotions to increase the number of new customers.Pertumbuhan asuransi Syariah di Indonesia mengalami pertumbuhan yang signifikan. Pada sisi lain, market share asuransi Syariah di indonesia masih di angka 5%. Sebagai negara dengan penduduk mayoritas muslim, maka penting untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi minat seorang muslim untuk mengadopsi asuransi Syariah di Indonesia. Pada penelitian ini, penulis mencoba menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi minat seorang muslim untuk menagdopsi asuransi Syariah di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan theory of planned behavior. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwasanya variable sikap, subjective norm dan perceived behavioral control memengaruhi secara positif dan signifikan terhadap minat seorang muslim untuk menagdopsi asurani Syariah di Indonesia. Theory of planned behavior merupakan faktor utama masyarakat muslim menggunakan asuransi syariah. Perusahaan asuransi syariah perlu memperhatikan subjective norm, perceived bahvioral control dan sikap masyarakat dalam melakukan promosi untuk menambah jumlah nasabah baru.


Development of prediction methods for NOx emission is very important for the modem combustion system design. Here CFD analysis and chemical reactor networks(CRN) model was used for the NOx emission prediction. This study shows the way of chemical reactor networks(CRN) from the computational fluid dynamics(CFD) results for a simple combustor reactor. The information from CFD modeling for combustor is analyzed and represented as an arrangement of chemical reactor elements. The NOx emissions predicted by the modeled CRN. GRI 3.0 mechanism is used for the NOx prediction. The results of NOx emissions by CFD analysis and CRN model are compared to the test emissions data for model test combustor.


Evaluating supercomputer performance is more difficult than evaluating performance for other types of computers because of the wide range of performances encountered. Depending on the purpose of the evaluation, methods of evaluation can be used that trade off level of effort and accuracy, including rules of thumb, analytical models, testing, and simulation.


Quantifying how animals use key habitats and resources for their survival allows managers to optimise conservation planning; however, obtaining representative sample sizes of wildlife distributions in both time and space is challenging, particularly in the marine environment. Here, we used unoccupied aircraft systems (UASs) to evaluate temporal and spatial variation in the distribution of loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) at two high-density breeding aggregations in the Mediterranean, and the effect of varying sample size and survey frequency. In May–June of 2017 to 2019, we conducted 69 surveys, assimilating 10,075 inwater turtle records at the two sites. Optimal time interval between surveys to capture the dynamics of aggregations over the breeding period was <2-week intervals and >500 turtles (from the combined surveys). This minimum threshold was attributed to the core-area use of female turtles shifting across surveys in relation to wind direction to access warmer nearshore waters and male presence. Males were more widely distributed within aggregations than females, particularly in May when mating encounters were high. Most males were recorded swimming and oriented parallel to shore, likely to enhance encounter rates with females. In contrast, most females were generally stationary (resting on the seabed or basking), likely to conserve energy for reproduction, with orientation appearing to shift in relation to male numbers at the breeding area. Thus, by identifying the main factors regulating the movement and distribution of animals, appropriate survey intervals can be selected for appropriate home range analyses. Our study demonstrates the versatility of UASs to capture the fine-scale dynamics of wildlife aggregations and associated factors, which is important for implementing effective conservation.


Clinical staging of early head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCCHN) is often inaccurate, leading to elective neck dissection to detect the 30% of patients with micrometastatic disease. Sentinel node biopsy accurately stages the regional lymphatics, but intraoperative pathology is only moderately sensitive, and final pathology takes several days to complete. To facilitate immediate neck dissection where necessary, we have identified several promising marker genes of SCCHN metastasis and developed a rapid, accurate, and automated quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (qRT‐PCR) assay for intraoperative use.


This title provides up-to-date information on computer-aided manufacturing from selection and installation to operation in a world-class manufacturing environment. It includes a wide range of process planning applications and shows how to use computer-automated process planning data.


To purify Cd0,95Mn0,05Te ingots a modified travelling heater method (called «dry zone») was applied. Even one pass of the zone decreased essentially Te inclusions (size and density) in the ingot. The p-type conductivity and others electrical characteristics of the material almost didn't change, however the concentration of shallow (А ≈ 0.05 еV) acceptors reduced and the compensation degree of deeper acceptors (А ≈ 0.17 еV) increased. Such transformation of a defect-impurity system was manifested in decreasing of the ionized centers' concentration and in reducing of impurities absorption coefficients both at 0.1-0.5 eV and near the edge of fundamental band.


This research was performed with the purpose of evaluating socio-economic factors influential on outlook of women in the county of Ahvaz relative to gender inequalities so while demonstrating the present situation, appropriate strategies can be presented for improvement.  In this research, after review of the pertinent literature and theoretical background, theoretical model and hypotheses of the research were formulated. Statistical sample included 498 women which were estimated using the Cochrane formula for survey study.  Sample selection was performed randomly and they were requested to complete research questionnaire.  Results of questionnaires were analyzed with the help of SPSS software at a P<0/05 level using Spearman correlation coefficient.  Research findings showed that meaningful correlation exists between education, income, occupation, and family education of women with their outlook towards gender inequalities. Yet, meaningful correlation did not exists between occupation of their spouses, occupation of their fathers, occupation of their mothers, and family income with their outlook regarding gender inequalities.  Ultimately, considering the research findings suggestions were made for improvement of women's outlook relative to gender inequalities in the county of Ahavaz.


A study of nonlinear optic characteristics for a mixture of photoengraving glue with ammonium dichromate is presented. Third order nonlinear optic behavior is shown in both media: dissolution and individually. Self-diffraction and nonlinear refractive index are shown.


Taiwan was the first country in Asia to announce "Nuclear-Free Homeland" in 2002. In 2008, the new government released the Sustainable Energy Policy Guidelines to lower the nationwide CO2 emissions some time between 2016 and 2020 back to the level of year 2008, further abatement of CO2 emissions is planed in year 2025 when CO2 emissions will decrease to the level of year 2000. Besides, under consideration of the issues of energy, environment and economics (3E), the new government declared that the nuclear power is a carbon-less energy option. This study analyses the effects of nuclear power generation for CO2 abatement scenarios in Taiwan. The MARKAL-MACRO energy model was adopted to evaluate economic impacts and energy deployment due to life extension of existing nuclear power plants and build new nuclear power units in CO2 abatement scenarios. The results show that CO2 abatement effort is expensive. On the other hand, nuclear power is a cost-effective choice. The GDP loss rate in the case of building new nuclear power plants is around two thirds of the Nuclear-Free Homeland case. Nuclear power generation has the capacity to provide large-scale CO2 free electricity. Therefore, the results show that nuclear power is not only an option for Taiwan, but also a requisite for Taiwan's CO2 reduction strategy. Keywords—Energy model, CO2 abatement, nuclear power, economic impacts.


Being one of the most popular soft wares and a new media tool,Blog has exerted significant influence on distance instruc- tion.This article explores the author's experience on how to use Blog in teaching design in modem distance learning and teaching.It holds that Blog can help to improve after-class activities,learning method,learning environment,teaching and learning resources,and instant teaching feedback and personalized learning.


The present invention relates to a configuration inputs (101-107) of the microcontroller wiring method and apparatus, wherein the apparatus is constructed so that at each configuration input (101-107) capable of setting at least two a signal state of possible signal states, characterized in that respectively one energy source (121-127) connected to each configuration input (101-107), the energy source (121-127) can be taken at least two states, so as to set at least two signal states on each configuration input, which is provided with a setting means (109), each energy source is so controlled by the setting means (109) state, so that the presence of predetermined signal status for each input is arranged.


The integrated control station of power supply and distribution system in oil refining plant was rectified for automatization with the integrated technology of monitoring, remote viewing and interlock, which thereby realized centralized dispatching and unified management. This paper introduced the composition, technological characteristics and applying effects of the automatization system in the integrated control station.


To reduce the low speed torque ripple of permanent magnet synchronous motor based on direct torque control(DTC),according to the principle and structure of PMSM DTC,the paper analyzed the reasons for the existence of large torque ripple of low speed,and set up the sub-modules of PMSM DTC based on torque prediction system by MATLAB/Simulink.Simulation results show that the torque ripple was effectively reduced and the performance of low-speed operation is improved.