Abstract— Optimization algorithms are techniques for solving optimization problems in different areas. Anyone cannot obtain an optimal, precise, and complete solution as those existed in the universe, whether nature behavior in living creatures, cosmic systems, or at the level of the mechanism of systems in the human body. One of these systems is the system of regulation blood glucose levels in the human body. This system maintains blood glucose levels in a stable condition without increase or decrease. There are many medical, biochemistry, bionic engineering, and physiology researches that have studied the mechanism of regulation of glucose in the human body and the crystallization of the mechanism in the form of mathematical models, which greatly facilitate understanding the mechanism of pancreas hormones and regulation mechanism. However, there is a lack in researches that demonstrate the sequential integrative processes between three main sub-systems and the parallel integrative processes between components of theses sub-systems for managing blood glucose level. Therefore, this research aims to expand on the field of regulation mechanisms of blood glucose. It covers the mechanism with thirteen models that mathematically clarify the mechanism of components of the blood glucose levels regulation in the human body to understand the divine system in the process of the regulation, which may be inspired to create a general method that used to solve optimization problems.


Optical second harmonic generation (SHG) has been measured for plasma-deposited thin films of hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a‐Si:H) at different polarization states for pump photon energies between 1.0 and 1.7eV. Distinct resonance peaks are observed in this energy range and it is shown that the SH signal originates from an isotropic contribution at both the film-surface and substrate-interface region. The possibility that the SH signal originates from surface and interface dangling bond states of a‐Si:H is discussed.


ABSTRACT A layered metal sulphide reported in the literature was synthesized in the laboratory and characterized. Its applicability for selective uptake of strontium was studied. The experimental conditions for efficient uptake were standardized. The applicability of the metal sulphide for Sr removal/collection from ground water was tested. This method offers the option of lesser analysis time and removes the interferences of Ca.


A two year concept development and mine design study was performed by The Pennsylvania State University. This Final Report is mainly concerned with the application of the PSU/USBM Underground Generalized Materials Handling Simulator to obtain time and performance data to evaluate new and novel systems for underground coal mines which use continuous miners.


We have performed canal wall down tympanoplasty with mastoid obliteration as a fundamental surgical treatment for patients with acquired cholesteatoma for complete removal of the lesion and prevention of cholesteatoma recurrence. To avoid postoperative gap formation on the posterior canal wall, canal wall reconstruction using bone pate plate was performed after removal of both the anterior and posterior buttresses. Then the mastoid cavity was thoroughly obliterated with cortical bone slices to prevent the recurrent cholesteatoma. No recurrent lesion has been found on long-term observation after these procedures. Canal wall down tympanoplasty with mastoid obliteration is a useful technique for preventing recurrent cholesteatoma and postoperative mastoid cavity problems.


Canada was among the first countries to participate in India's nuclear power program. Not only was CIRUS the first research reactor to be built in India with outside help; it was also Canada's first reactor export and marked a breakthrough for its nuclear industry. But the nuclear relationship foundered when India conducted a peaceful nuclear explosion in 1974. Differences over non-proliferation and Cold War considerations kept India and Canada apart until the turn of the millennium. Then a number of factors coalesced in the first decade of the 21st century to lead the two countries to reconsider their nuclear engagement and sign a nuclear cooperation agreement in 2010. What made this possible? What are the major contours of the agreement? What potential does it hold? And what issues still bedevil the nuclear relationship? This article provides a new perspective on the possibilities and challenges of the Indo-Canadian nuclear relationship and highlights the importance of the nuclear dimension in their larger bilateral engagement. While the paper acknowledges that the relationship was influenced by Cold War considerations, it steers clear of the issues of alignment and non-alignment and deals with the historical context of the relationship only to extrapolate the possibilities and challenges for the future.


The study aims to reveal the relationship of parental acceptance/ rejection by the (father- mother) as perceived by the children and the disorder of Alexithymia among a sample of adolescents with an Autism spectrum, with some demographic variables (gender- economic and social level- the work of the mother). Depending on the descriptive analytical approach The sample of the study consisted of (40) male and female adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Their ages ranged between (15: less than 19 years). A measure of parental acceptance and rejection (the mother-father version) was applied to them (was translated into Arabic by Mamdouha Salama, 2011), Toranto Scale of Alexithymia (translated into Arabic by Aladdin Kafafi- Fouad Al-Dawash 2011), and The Economic and Social Level List prepared (Razan Kurdi, 2012), was applied on the sample of study. The results indicated that a statistically significant correlation between parental acceptance- rejections by the (father-mother), as perceived by the children and between their alexithymia. The results also indicated there are differences between parents in the awareness of children of the acceptance and parental refusal in the direction of the mothers. The results also indicated Parental acceptance and rejection (the image of the mother) differed according to some demographic variables (gender in the direction of males- economic and social level in the direction of the high level- mother's work in the direction of non-working mothers). The results also indicated that Parental acceptance and rejection (the image of the father) differed according to some demographic variables (gender in the direction of female- economic and social level in the direction of the high level). Alexithymia also differed according to some demographic variables (gender in the direction of males- economic and social level in the direction of high level- mother's work in the direction of non-working mothers).


This paper reports the development of nanotechnology for processing vegetables (spicy and carotene-containing ones) into frozen cryoadditives – enrichers with biologically active substances (BAS), as well as natural protein health snacks containing them. An innovative method proposed for obtaining vegetable nano additives involves the use of deep processing of raw materials. The method is based on a complex effect exerted on raw materials by cryo-processing and cryomechanodestruction, making it possible not only to preserve the BAS of fresh vegetables but also to transform them into a nanostructured form in order to fully reveal the biological potential of the raw materials. The resulting nano additives made from vegetables have no analogs. The BAS mass fraction in the produced frozen cryoadditives is 3.0...3.2 times larger than that in the starting fresh raw materials. Vegetable-based cryoadditives that are used in the manufacture of snacks are not only the BAS carriers but also perform the functions of structure-forming agents, gel-forming agents, colorants, thereby making it possible to produce high-quality health products and eliminate the need for food additives.
Applying the vegetable-based frozen cryoadditives enrichers with biocomponents has made it possible to devise a new generation of natural protein snacks for healthy eating. The protein base used included nano additives made from legumes (peas) and soft salt cheese, which are distinguished by a high content of complete protein and are easily digestible. The new protein-vegetable snacks differ from conventional ones in the high content of β-carotene, phenolic compounds, tannins; 100 g of the product may satisfy about 30 % of the daily protein needs. The devised snacks are a new type of natural wellness products that are made without the use of artificial food additives and are recommended for industrial production.


OBJECTIVE To establish a determination method by HPLC of dissolution rate of Methyltestosterone tablets and compare the in vitro dissolution of Methyltestosterone tablets from 4 different pharmaceutical factories. METHODS The dissolution profiles of Methyltestosterone tablets from 4 pharmaceutical factories were investigated in phosphate buffer solution( pH = 4. 5 and pH = 6. 8),water and hydrochloric acid( pH = 1. 0) recommended by FDA,in order to choose the proper dissolution medium,the different dissolution profiles of 4 factories in the same medium were investigated. According to compare the different dissolution profiles of the product got from the same factory in 4 dissolution mediums,product which was suit the needs of the different patients were chosen. the similarity between the reference preparation and test preparation were investigated by calculating AV values. RESULTS The in vitro dissolution of Methyltestosterone tablets from 4 different pharmaceutical factories all fulfilled the requirements of Chinese Pharmacopoeia( 2010 edition),but the differences of dissolution profiles were found among the Methyltestosterone tablets. Only the product of factory D was independent with the pH of dissolution medium and the ones of the other 3 factories were not similar with it accept one product of factory C. CONCLUSION The dissolution of Methyltestosterone tablets from 4 pharmaceutical factories in different medium are different. There is significant difference among the quality of Methyltestosterone tablets from 4 pharmaceutical factories,which should be paid attention in clinical application.


This text is based on Laban's movement concepts, applying them to thematic and skill progression in the three movement forms of dance, games, and gymnastics. The material on teaching and testing fitness and wellness has been updated, making it more relevant to today's thinking and the actual practices in schools.


Breeding performance of Black-throated Diver Gavia arctica was compared to water chemistry, light penetration and density of fish in 122 breeding lakes in Sweden with a total of 184 pairs (1.5 pairs per lake, about 3% of the national population). The breeding lakes were on average nutrient-poor, and 12% of them had a low buffering capacity (alkalinity 90% of the fishing lakes used by Red-throated Diver. Reproduction was related to high abundance of Perch, and the survival of chicks to light penetration. Poor nutrient status in combination with low pH or alkalinity in approximatively 10% of the breeding lakes of Black-throated Diver and probably more than 30% of the fishing lakes of Red-throated Diver, indicate susceptibility of exposure to methylmercury. This finding should be considered in relation to recent reports of increased contents of mercury in freshwater fish.


THE METHOD OF ADMINISTRATION of hormones in the form of subcutaneous im-plants of solid pellets, introduced in 1937 (1) has found many interesting and useful experimental and clinical applications (2–7). One of the disadvantages of the technic is that pellets of some hormones are absorbed too rapidly; this indicates overdosage as wellas insufficient length of activity. Forbes (8) recently studied the absorption of hormone pellets in rats. The pellets were made by compression and weighed 6 to 10 mg. He found that 90% absorption occurred in 27 days withdesoxycorticosterone acetate, in 51 days with stilbestrol, and in 61 days with testosterone propionate. The problem of retarding the absorption of hormone pellets has received attention at the National Cancer Institute since 1939, in connection with experiments on the effect of stilbestrol and other hormones on the development of tumors in mice (9–11).


Abstract Combining the anomalies and environmental monitoring data of the early stage Beidou satellites, the space radiation environment spatial/temporal distribution and space radiation effect risk characteristics are analyzed, and the dynamic characteristics of space environmental factors, such as hot plasma, high-energy electron and solar proton are summarized. The systematic joint monitoring for surface charging, internal charging, single event effect and total dose effect with corresponding space environment factors is proposed. The detector types, measurement parameters range and engineering constraints are allocated, and the engineering application and scientific research of detection data are prospected.


The guided wave fleld excited by a wedge-shaped anisotropic piezocomposite transducer is experimentally investigated with applications to large area structural health monitoring (SHM). This investigation supports the experimental characterization of the Composite Long-range Variable-direction Emitting Radar (CLoVER) transducer introduced by the authors. The multiple advantages of this device over alternative damage interrogation concepts are outlined, and its manufacturing procedure is brie∞y reviewed. The experimental studies include both piezoelectric-based frequency response as well as laser vibrometry measurements in pristine isotropic structures. The results are compared with predictions from an analytical model. A comprehensive set of experimental results is presented that validate the accuracy of the solution in the time, frequency, and spatial domains. The damage interrogation approach proposed with this transducer concept is also experimentally demonstrated using simulated structural damage.


The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the Solution-Focused Therapy philosophy, including some of its basic assumptions and their application in therapy. In doing so, the history of the development of Solution-Focused Therapy will be examined. Covered in this review is a summary of some of the elements borrowed from Social Constructionism and traditional therapies. The underlying assumptions of SolutionFocused Therapy to be examined include its focus on strengths, its particular view of reality (especially in regard to how expectations and the use of language affect outcome), and understanding change. The therapist's conceptualization of the client and the therapist's role will also be examined, as well as purported limitations of Solution-Focused Therapy. Some ways of minimizing these stated limitations will also be discussed. This open access graduate research paper is available at UNI ScholarWorks: https://scholarworks.uni.edu/grp/733 SOLUTION-FOCUSED APPROACH TO THERAPY: AN OVERVIEW OF THE LITERATURE A Research Paper Presented to The Department of Educational Leadership, Counseling, and Postsecondary Education University of Northern Iowa In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Masters of Art by Gail L. Garwood July, 1998 This Research Paper by: Gail L. Garwood Entitled: SOLUTION-FOCUSED APPROACH TO THERAPY: AN OVERVIEW OF THE LITERATURE has been approved as meeting the research paper requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts 1.-1u-1, ~ Date Approved 7/0'it Date Approved Date Approved Advisor/Director of. Research Paper Second Reader cff Research Paper Leadership, Counseling, and Postsecondary Education Vivian R. Jackson


Gives the deduction process dividing refreshment routine atom into EDB refreshment,and abduction refreshment deduction and constraint maintenance deduction to refresh routine atom.


This paper introduces the definition of "intangible cultural heritage",expounds the significance of collecting local"intangible cultural heritage",and probes into the issue of how university library to protect and use the local "intangible cultural heritage".


The authors examined 125 hips in 74 cases of congenital dislocation, which elapsed 5 to 22 years (average 12.3 years) after reduction.The results obtained were as follows:1) Of the cases examined, a majority e, i, 85.6% showed good functional results: in younger age groups under 3 years old at the time of reduction were morc favourable.2) Excellent cases in function were not always normal in roentgenographic findings.In the cases with normal function, 32.23% showed poor roentgenographic findings, and the authors suggested that they had to be followed in future.3) In the cases with epiphysitis and unconcentric position of femoral head at the end of treatment, the results were very poor.


The present invention is intended to include one or more cross-linking agent is selected from the group consisting of acrylic polymer, an organic peroxide-based crosslinking agent and isocyanate-based crosslinking agent, provide an acrylic pressure sensitive adhesive composition that can be efficiently crosslinked. The present invention, (meth) to a cross-linking agent, and, at least one member selected from acrylic polymers, the group consisting of an organic peroxide-based crosslinking agent, and isocyanate-based crosslinking agent formula (1): And contains a compound represented by (wherein, R1 and R2 are, each independently, a hydrogen atom, or, which may contain an oxygen atom, a hydrocarbon residue having a carbon number of 1 to 18) represented by the above-mentioned formula (1) the content of the compound, the (meth) acrylic pressure sensitive adhesive composition, characterized in that deny 0.005 to 5 parts by weight for 100 parts by weight of acrylic polymer.


The disproportionate representation in public care of children and young people from some minority ethnic groups has long been documented, but their subsequent life chances and experiences after leaving care have been largely neglected by researchers. This new study, based on a survey of 261 young people including 36 interviews, by Ravinder Barn, Linda Andrew and Nadia Mantovani at Royal Holloway, University of London, explored the post-care experiences of young people from diverse ethnic backgrounds. The main findings of the study are:


In its most simple terms, traffic calming is about preserving the functions of local streets. As local streets are intended to provide primarily land-access services, hence, when traffic begins to use local streets for through movements, traffic volume and speed levels become incompatible with this primary function. To respond, a study on the effectiveness of traffic calming measures in reducing vehicles speed at Taman Setapak residential area was undertaken. Field observations and spot speed survey were conducted to collect primary data. The field observation was carried out to collect data on road geometrics and design characteristics of the road humps. The spot speed survey was administered to collect vehicles speed at different points near the road humps. The major findings include first, the road humps proved effective in reducing the speed of the vehicles and second the design characteristics of the road humps is an important factor in reducing the speed of the vehicles. The average speed of the vehicles before approaching the road humps was about 30 km/hr and at the road humps below 10 km/hr. The findings showed that the design profiles of the road humps have an impact on the speed of the vehicles; the gentle the design profiles of the road humps especially in terms of its height and slope, the higher the speed of the vehicles near and at the road hump. The findings also showed a clear difference in the average speed of the motorcars approaching the road hump and at the road hump.


The research on perception of motion has important appli- cations for surveillance and autonomous robot navigation in dynamic environments. The issue of estimation of motion in depth is the crucial point of the problem of recognition 3D motion. In this paper, we propose a fixed monocular camera with focus changed cyclically to recognize the absolute translational motion in depth of a rigid object.


Stephen Jay Gould suggests that individual ability has an upper bound in competitive endeavors and tends to improve as a result of that competition. Consequently, over time there is a diminution in the differences in individual performance that will be observed in, and have an impact on, organizational systems. Major League Baseball offers an interesting opportunity for exploring that suggestion in depth. Based on seven performance categories, this article suggests that there has not been any long-term trend toward lessening the talent disparities in baseball. Rather, the bulk of the empirical evidence leads to the conclusion that the disparities have widened. Gould offers his thesis as an explanation for the observed long-term trend of increased competitive balance in the majors. Because the thesis fails the empirical test, the economic explanation of rational profit-maximizing owners who recognize the need to maintain fan interest through competitive games and pennant races retains its pride of place.


In the pharmaceutical arena, the most significant issue is green technology. This is due to the fact that, it decreases the cost of drugs, reducing the environmental influence of the arena and improving the human health and safety. Deep eutectic solvents (DES), a novel kind of green solvent, have some focused attributes such as, low vapor pressure, high thermal stability, low cost, biodegradability, and high viscosity. Green solvent metrics with attention to functionality and environmental, safety, and health influences from a progression and life cycle view are likewise addressed and practical to common and unique solvents.As a developing research field, DESs have previously received important research consideration from chemistry scientists.


Abstract Colesevelam possesses antidiabetic properties, which could potentiate sulphonylurea or insulin‐induced hypoglycemia; clinically significant hypoglycemia, as a side effect to bile acid sequestrants, may be under‐recognized in clinical practice.


This article provides a review of the key political events in Pitcairn from 1 July 2015 to 30 June 2016. It considers the continuing development challenges for this very small territory; the ongoing concerns around child-safeguarding; and the future of relations with the EU in the shadow of 'Brexit'.


Electronic voting support systems should not focus only on ballot casting and recording. Instead, a user-centered perspective should be adopted for the design of a system that supports information gathering, organizing and sharing, deliberation, decision making, and voting. Relevant social science literature on political decision making and voting is used to develop requirements. A design concept is presented that supports extended information browsing using combined filtering from ballot materials and voter profiles. The system supports information sharing and participation in electronic dialogues. Voters may interweave information browsing, annotation, contextualized discussion, and ballot markup over extended time periods.


Tu folk circulates with many unique folk beliefs,the folk beliefs are minority is an important part of traditional culture.Including fertility belief,reproductive worship,home most widely and typical worship god.This paper tries to ethnic psychology,reading from the perspective of representative of folk beliefs of tu folk beliefs,to explore the psychological factors produced.


The invention provides a compound having both inhibitory activity on the production of IL-4 as inhibitory activity PDE (IV), which is represented by the formula (I): (wherein A represents a triazole group; R {sub , 1} and R {sub, 2} may be the same or different and each represents an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical which may have a radical haliciclico or aromatic hydrocarbon or a radical of haliciclico hydrocarbon; R {sub, 3} represents a hydrogen atom or a substituted group and R {sub, 4} represents a hydrogen atom or a protecting group of the hydrogen atom) as well as a pharmaceutical composition, a therapeutic agent or preventive for acute and chronic inflammatory diseases and antiallergic and antiinflammatory agent, each of which comprises an effective amount of compound l and a pharmacological excipient. use of the compound of formula (I) for the production of the mentioned pharmaceutical composition, a therapeutic or preventive agent for acute and chronic inflammatory diseases and an anti-inflammatory anti-allergic agent or as a method of treatment is also supplied and / or prevention and acute and chronic inflammatory diseases.


This study explores the challenges facing instructors in distance learning programs during the first semester of the 2021-2022 academic year. Participants in this study are instructors from the university of Baghdad ibn Rushd college. A descriptive method research design was used to collect the survey data and a questionnaire was used as an instrument. The study generates survey data from 40 instructors to determine teachers' perceptions of the challenges, they face. The findings of the study suggest that instructors are willing to use technology but lacked technological and pedagogical knowledge and were not prepared for making the sudden shift to distance learning. The study highlights the importance of instructors' professional development in distance learning. This study has implications for colleges and policymakers who are policymakers revert to distance learning during a pandemic.


To test whether and how morphological traits are linked with growth responses of plants to temperature and CO2 is important for understanding the mechanism underlying how plant growth will respond to global warming. In this study, using closed-top chambers to mimic future elevated CO2 and temperature, the growth response, morphological traits of Minjiang fir (Abies faxoniana Rehd.et Wils.) and the relationship of the two were investigated after two years of exposure to the single and combined elevation of CO2 and temperature. The results showed that biomass of Minjiang fir was 21%, 31%, and 35% greater than the control in elevated CO2, elevated temperature and the combination of elevated CO2 and temperature treatments, respectively. Elevated CO2 and temperature significantly affected the morphology of Minjiang fir, and a few morphological traits were highly correlated with growth responses. Larger branch angles at the upper layer, crown volume, and relative crown length contributed to positive growth responses to elevated CO2, while decreased specific leaf area (SLA) constricted any further growth response. Leaf morphological traits were more closely correlated with the response ratio than crown did in the elevated temperature, while in the combination of elevated CO2 and temperature, crown was more correlated with the response ratio than the leaf morphological traits. Thus, our results indicate that morphological traits may contribute differently to growth responses under different experimental conditions.


Diabetic Ketoacidosis in Childhood and Adolescence. Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in childhood and adolescence is the result of relative or total insulin deficiency. DKA is the most dangerous complication of diabetes in this age group. The development of cerebral oedema during DKA treatment is a serious threat in chil-


Six mutants obtained by gamma-ray irradiation and post-irradiation chemical treatment were selected on the basis of seed size, branching pattern and period of maturity and analy~.ed for seed yield, oil content, protein content and fatty acid eomposition. Increase in the seed size was associated with ah increase in protein contentas well as erucic acid content in oil but not with oil content. As compaxed to controls, the increase in erucic acid content was found in all the mutants~


Pathogens are treated with antibiotics from years, bacterial pathogens are either resistant or sensitive to antibiotics. Regular administration of antibiotic to pathogen produces drug resistance strains. Most of the bacterial pathogen already acquires multi-drug resistance characteristics. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is resistance to almost all antibiotics for example; tetracycline,kanamycin, chloramphenicol , vancomycin etc..the MIC study of these antibiotics shows the concentration at which these pathogens can be inhibited. For pseudomonas, vancomycin MIC is 32 μg/ml, penicillin is 8 μg/ml, chloramphenicol 16 μg/ml. so also for proteus mirabilis vancomycin 16 μg/ml penicillin 4 μg/ml


The bionlogys of M.testulalis Geyer' larvae was studied.The results showed that M.testulalis had 6~7 generations per year in Changsha region.M.testulalis had five stadia altogether.The helmet breadth of M.testulalis for the 1st instar,2nd instar,3rd instar,4th instar,and 5th instar larvae were determined respectively as 0.197±0.001 mm,0.325±0.009 mm,0.536±0.003 mm,0.889±0.006 mm,1.471±0.004 mm.The ratio of the neighboring helmet breadths was 1.64. At 18 ℃,the developmental durations of the 1st~5th larvae were 3.15±0.81 d,3.0±0.8 d,2.5±0.7 d,3.7±0.9 d and 5.7±1.5 d,respectively.At 32 ℃,those were 1.7±0.6 d,1.1±0.3 d,1.2±0.5 d,1.2 ±0.5 d and 1.3 ±0.6 d.The developmental threshold temperature of M.testulalis larva was 9.9 ℃,and the effective accumulated temperature was 187.2 ℃.The investigation on population dynamics of M.testulalis was studied by field investigation.The results showed that the occurrence peaks of M.testulalis in flowers and pods were May 22nd to June 11th and August 19th to September 8th respectively.


The purpose of this research is to define attributes of effective Project Managers and explore and further iterate the different leadership styles found in modern day managers as well as their dependent competencies. While these dependent competencies can be associated with specific leadership styles it is often the case that leaders possess competencies from multiple leadership styles. Meredith & Mantel (2012) define certain attributes of effective project managers as well as three specific leadership styles: Intellectual, Managerial, and Emotional. Individuals will not just only possess attributes for one leadership style, but normally a combination of two or more. This is exceedingly important to identify because in today's corporate world, project manager or leaders/managers alike, must be flexible in every aspect of their job. No matter what the type of industry is, project acquired, or team members they are assigned, these leadership styles and competencies define the type of person and leader they are. What type of leader are YOU?


In recent years, geological environment evaluation has become a key issue in the engineering construction. Combined with geological engineering condition at Xirangpo of Badong new tow in Three Gorges reservoir, fuzzy mathematics is used to evaluate geological environment of the site. References are available for engineering construction in this area.


The IJPP has come a long way to its 56th year since its inception in 1958. It was started during the period when basic medical sciences in India were in their infancy. They needed support, conducive environment and a lot of efforts to nurture them. Our journal did serve this purpose to a great extent. It steered through the difficult times keeping its pace moving ahead. Throughout its journey the credibility of IJPP has been upheld by our valued authorship, contribution and enthusiastic readership. It has represented the face of Indian Physiology and Pharmacology. It has been the official journal of APPI and it has always given a very strong platform to a large number of scientists, teachers, physicians and our budding authors to express their scientific creativity and research.


This paper examines the effect of subsidized entry of electricity generation capacity on the outcome of centralized capacity auctions. Subsidized entry suppresses capacity prices and induces an inefficient allocation of capacity. Subsidized entry also alters the generation portfolio determined by the capacity auction, leading to lower expected electricity prices in subsequent market interactions. These effects reduce total industry profit, but may increase consumer surplus. Consequently, the effect of subsidized entry on the overall level of short-term expected social welfare is ambiguous. Subsidized entry has longterm adverse impacts. The suppressed capacity and electricity prices reduce unsubsidized firms' incentives to undertake generation capacity investments. The long-term resource adequacy issues associated with insufficient capacity investment may dominate the potential short-term benefits of subsidized entry.


Model reference adaptive system (MRAS) has become a widely used sensorless control strategy in motor drive application. This paper focuses on the sensorless control for the permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) based on MRAS and presents a compensation method that can eliminate steady-state position error caused by full-digital control, which is essential for high-performance control of the high-speed PMSM. The primary MRAS control method is introduced first in this paper. Meanwhile, this article puts forward the problems existing in the traditional digital control process and analyses the cause of the issues. In response to the above problems, an improved MRAS control strategy is proposed, which considers both the existence and the absence of one-beat-delay in the process of modulation. The proposed compensation method can eliminate the steady-state angle error and achieve the accurate control of the machine. Simulation studies verify the validity of the proposed strategy.


Question: A 23-year-old pregnant woman at 27 weeks gestation presented with 10 weeks of persistent nausea, emesis, and a 20-pound weight loss. On examination, she appeared ill and had epigastric tenderness. Laboratory assessment was notable for anemia (hemoglobin level, 7 g/dL). Hyperemesis gravidarum was entertained, but upper endoscopy revealed circumferential, edematous narrowing of the gastric antrum with ulceration (Figure A, arrow). Gastric biopsies were obtained (Figure B). Computed tomography showed intrauterine pregnancy (Figure C, thin arrow) and a thickened gastric wall (Figure C, thick arrow). What is the diagnosis? Look on page 323 for the answer and see the Gastroenterology web site (www.gastrojournal.org) for more information on submitting your favorite image to Clinical Challenges and Images in GI.


To the Editor:— The occurrence of lymphadenitis in human toxoplasmosis is well recorded by Siim. 1 However, the mode of transmission and time course of the disease remains far from clear. Most of our knowledge of acquired toxoplasmosis is based on infections in laboratory workers and on occasional cases of accidental inoculation. 2 It has been suggested that insect vectors may play a role, but this is inadequately proven. 3,4 In the case recorded here a pathologist became acutely ill with toxoplasmosis two months after the autopsy of a patient who died with Hodgkin's disease and toxoplasmic ventriculitis. Histological studies of a lymph node from the pathologist were not specific, but the organism was isolated in two laboratories. The value of serological studies, culture of biopsy material, and the rationale for therapy are discussed. Report of a Case:— A 35-year-old pathologist was seen in June 1965 because of an unexplained


This paper introduces the status quo of important home overseas water transfer projects, gives the bases and principles of safety monitoring of the projects, proposes the monitoring items and automatic monitoring method, and offers several suggestions.


Learning Objectives • To describe the cognitive processes and brain regions associated with visual attention. • To compare the brain regions associated with visual attention to working memory and long-term memory. • To describe the cognitive processes and brain regions associated with visual imagery. • To compare the brain regions associated with visual imagery to working memory and long-term memory. • To list the two primary brain regions associated with language processing and name two ways in which language processing is relevant to memory. • To identify the two regions that interact to enhance memory for emotional information. Attention is focused on the contents of all explicit memories. The experience of detailed recollection seems similar to the experience of vivid imagery. This chapter compares the cognitive processes and brain regions associated with memory to the cognitive processes and brain regions associated with attention, imagery, language, and emotion. Section 8.1 reviews the brain regions that have been associated with attention, which include sensory processing regions in addition to dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and parietal cortex control regions. These regions are similar to the regions that have been associated with working memory and long-term memory (except for the additional dependence of long-term memory on the medial temporal lobe; see Chapters 3 and 6). In section 8.2 of this chapter, the brain regions associated with imagery are reviewed, which also include sensory processing regions, the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and the parietal cortex. The cognitive processes and brain processes associated with visual imagery are compared to the cognitive processes and brain processes associated with working memory and long-term memory. Section 8.3 details the regions of the brain associated with language processing, which include the left inferior dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and the left posterior lateral temporal cortex. These regions are of relevance to memory studies, which often use words and meaningful objects as stimuli that have language/conceptual representations. The final section, 8.4, considers the brain regions that have been associated with emotion, which include the amygdala (a region just anterior to the hippocampus) and the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex.


AbstractThis study quantifies the skill of the National Weather Service's (NWS) flash flood guidance (FFG) product. Generated by River Forecast Centers (RFCs) across the United States, local NWS Weather Forecast Offices compare estimated and forecast rainfall to FFG to monitor and assess flash flooding potential. A national flash flood observation database consisting of reports in the NWS publication Storm Data and U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) stream gauge measurements are used to determine the skill of FFG over a 4-yr period. FFG skill is calculated at several different precipitation-to-FFG ratios for both observation datasets. Although a ratio of 1.0 nominally indicates a potential flash flooding event, this study finds that FFG can be more skillful when ratios other than 1.0 are considered. When the entire continental United States is considered, the highest observed critical success index (CSI) with 1-h FFG is 0.20 for the USGS dataset, which should be considered a benchmark for future research that ...


AIM
To discuss the application of the principles of participatory action research (PAR) in a project that developed and evaluated a mentor-mentee support programme for women with anorexia nervosa.

BACKGROUND
A programme was developed and implemented in which mentors and mentees participated in workshops, social activities and focus groups that sought to support and develop resilience for those experiencing anorexia nervosa.

DISCUSSION
PAR principles were mirrored in the programme, paying respect to the views and needs of each participant, an open trajectory to possible conclusions and a continuous feedback cycle. Mentees had a sense of empowerment, ownership of the programme and hope that recovery was possible. It allowed their voices to be heard and provided them with belief they could begin new relationships and friendships.

CONCLUSION
The principles of PAR suited a project aimed at developing self-determination and resilience in women with anorexia nervosa.

IMPLICATIONS FOR RESEARCH/PRACTICE
PAR would be readily transferable to a number of mental health settings where empowerment is of paramount concern.


For the ethnic villages in China's Guizhou Province, fire hazards have always been a nightmare. Presently, they are at the root of a complex dilemma: should traditional wooden houses be recovered? Or should one, instead, pursue a "safer" dwelling in concrete houses? In light of this, this research aims to uncover the factors that influence people's dynamic decisions in their housing material choices. Moreover, this research presents a contradiction between social-scale heritage preservation and the individual rights for development in the context of disaster risk and modernization. Analyzing 134 surveys and 29 interviews collected during an ethnographic fieldwork, this research raises issues hitherto insufficiently addressed by the predominant indigenous literature. Indigenous societies, as opposed to conventional wisdom, are not always resistant to development: especially since modern architecture and the pursuit of urbanized life are becoming popular in many communities, the popular notion of heritage protection as something unanimously agreed is also challenged. The findings of this research offer advice not only for the post-disaster reconstruction of historical settlements in China but also for the sustainability of vernacular architecture and indigenous societies — a global


OBJECTIVE
To determine availability of nutrition information for cancer patients and survivors from Irish healthcare organisations, cancer charity and support groups and assess its quality and readability.

DESIGN
Cross-sectional.

SETTING
The National Health Service Executive websites were searched, as were the sites of the ten largest cancer charities/support groups identified through the Benefacts website. An additional internet search was conducted to ensure no large organisations/support groups were missed (February 2019). Quality of nutrition content was assessed using an evidence-based checklist and readability assessed using two validated formulas.

RESULTS
Thirty-two websites were identified, five contained nutrition information for cancer patients (15.6%), and three for cancer survivors (9.3%). The quality of the nutrition content ranged from 19.5 to 29/40 (mean ± SD, 23.2 ± 3.2; median = 21, interquartile range (IQR) = 7). There was a lack of practical strategies for implementation. Only 40% of material had an acceptable readability level (sixth-seventh grade level). Readability scores (mean ± SD) were 68.5 ± 6.0 for Flesch Reading Ease Score and 7.8 ± 1.1 for Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level Score.

CONCLUSION
There is limited nutrition information on Irish health and cancer websites and in particular very few tailored to cancer survivors. Irish health and cancer organisations should consider providing nutrition information that is easily accessible to all.


As climate change continues to cause more frequent weather shocks such as droughts and floods and increasingly erratic rainfall, people in developing regions are threatened by crop failures and hunger. In this study, the researchers describe how climate change influences food security in Central Java, seen from the frequency of floods, rainfall, and rainy days. This study also added another variable, i.e., economic growth, reviewed through GRDP and the amount of rice production. Using the Common effect model, the study results revealed that rainy days and population were the variables significantly influencing food security in cities/regencies in Central Java Province. Meanwhile, two other variables, i.e., rainfall and GRDP, had no significant effect on food security in cities/regencies in Central Java Province.


Background/Aims: Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a common disease affecting adult women. It is a result of the vaginal wall disorder as well as damage of the supportive structures contributing to the integrity of the pelvic floor. Mitochondrial disorders may have an important role in the vaginal wall degeneration leading to POP. The goal of this research is to examine if POP is associated with an altered expression of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes. Methods: Samples of vaginal tissue were collected from 16 postmenopausal women: 10 had POP and 6 had other forms of benign gynecological disease. Using western blot, samples were analyzed to assess the expression of mitochondrial proteins including citrate synthase (CS), individual complexes of the mitochondrial respiratory chain and alpha smooth muscle actin (SMA). Results: A significantly reduced expression of SMA and complex II in vaginal tissue of women with POP was found, compared to the control group (p < 0.05), with a tendency for a reduced expression of CS (p = 0.06) and other complexes in the POP group. Conclusions: Our results indicate that there is a decreased quantity of the smooth muscle and a decreased expression of mitochondrial markers in the vaginal wall of women with prolapse suggesting their possible role in the pathogenesis of POP.


This paper deals with the way alternative economic models interpret important aspects of modern capitalism. What is to be explained is the clear tendency of capitalist societies to generate vast quantities of goods and services-both public and private while social life falls into progressive decay. WAork remains bureaucratic, fragmented, and unfulfilling; communities are rendered architectural, social, and ecological monstrosities; the natural environment is destroyed; cultural activity becomes a mere passive consumption item in our daily lives; education remains unequalizing and unliberating; and the list continues. The three alternative "paradigms" I shall discuss are the traditional neoclassical, the widely held Galbraithian, and the more heterodox "radical," with its heavy debt to Karl Marx. The neoclassical view takes social outcomes as the reflection of individual preferences, constrained by available resources and knowledge of technologies, perhaps distorted by ultimately correctible organizational "inefficiencies." For instance, the undesirability of work reflects the nature of technology and the preferences of individuals for yet higher levels of consumption rather than creative work. The fragmentation of communities reflects the individual's preference for private expenditure over increased tax dollars for community development. And so on. The Qalbraithian views social outcomes partly as the result of the direct power of those who control large productive organizations, and partly as the result of consumer choices manipulated by those who control production. In short, while neoclassical theory holds that "citizen, worker, and consumer sovereignty" obtain, Galbraith replaces them with a theory of "producer sovereignty." In contrast, radical theorists hold that social decay is a normal result of the development of capitalism and cannot be reduced to the irrationalities of consumer preferences or the autonomous and socially irresponsible exercise of power by controllers of production. This radical paradigm involves two basic assertions. First, the choice-set of socially feasible options in the areas of work, technology, and public policy does not extend over all technologically feasible alternatives, but is constrained to those compatible with the reproduction of the social relations of capitalist production. In this sense, worker and citizen sovereignty fail to hold, and social outcomes tend to follow the requisites of capitalist accumulation rather than the preferences of individuals. Second, observed consumer behavior in capitalist society is a rational reaction to the structure of available alternatives for social activity open to the individual. No theory of "con* Lecturer and research associate, Graduate School of Education, Harvard University. This paper was made possible bv massive doses of advice from Samuel Bowles, as well as helpful arm twisting by Keith Aufhauser, Andrew Barlow, Steve Marglin, James Medoff, and Ellen Willis.


The article discusses the concept of the Crimean text in relation to the autobiographical story of I.S. Shmelev "The Sun of the Dead" (1923). Attention is paid to the image of the multinational space of Crimea; the description of the peoples represented in the story (Russians, Tatars, Greeks, Ukrainians) is correlated with the concept of "national image of the world". Shmelev's interpretation of the mentality of the Crimean Tatars is analyzed in the context of religious priorities, details of the landscape, life, food, and external portrait. Interethnic parallels are drawn at the level of the storylines of the characters, points of intersection of cultures of different peoples are found. The conclusion is made about the similarity of the fates of characters of different nationalities, their opposition to the Red Army punishers, whose characteristics are non-national.


Thank you for downloading the age of surveillance the aims and methods of americas political intelligence system. As you may know, people have search numerous times for their chosen books like this the age of surveillance the aims and methods of americas political intelligence system, but end up in malicious downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they juggled with some infectious bugs inside their laptop.


This document shows an analysis of different possible topologies for rural areas offering a methodology for the optimal implementation of solar generation systems leading to the best use of current technologies and end uses of photovoltaic energy, as a tool for integral and sustainable development of rural areas in Colombia. The document also applies an optimization technique for each of the proposed topologies. The results are very promising, since the control strategy is able to mitigate the increase in voltage with a better minimization of power loss and consumption of conventional energy. The proposed methodology was validated with several simulations that included a test with a simulator in real time.


State-of-the-art frequency-agile technologies such as semiconductors, micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) and ferrites are briefly overviewed and compared with the emerging ferroelectric techniques such as Ba/sub x/Sr/sub 1-x/TiO/sub 3/ (BST) that are becoming an attractive candidate for designing low-cost and miniaturized tunable integrated microwave devices such as filters and phase shifters. Particularities of ferroelectric materials are summarized and difficulties in connection with the use of BST thin-films in RF monolithic circuit design are addressed. On the basis of a commercially available sol-gel process, BST thin-films have successfully been deposited on alumina substrate to fabricate metal-insulator-metal (MIM) tunable capacitors. Early results of such capacitors at the room temperature indicate that a tunable ratio (C/sub max//C/sub min/) as high as 3.5 can be obtained over 1-6 GHz with 20 biasing voltage (34 V//spl mu/m) even though the ohmic loss remains high. This research also shows a 7% weak effect of hysteresis.


Based on experiments of four model joints under low reversed cyclic loading,the failure patterns,characteristic loads,hysteretic model,ductility,energy dissipation and deformation restoring capacity of the prestressed concrete spatial joints were systemically studied.Studies show that pinching could obviously be observed in the horizontal shear versus shear angle hysteresis loops,which exhibited reverse-S shape.More and wider cracks could be observed,which appear early in spatial joints.The restraints applied on the circumferential beam and the prestress could significantly improve the ductility of spatial joints.The seismic performance such as horizontal shear capacity,ductility,energy dissipation and deformation restoring capacity of model joints was larger under bidirectional low reversed cyclic loading,but less than the planal joints.The shear capacity of the two principal axes of joints under spatial loading was lower than that of the corresponding joints under planal loading.


Angiotensin II (Ang II) activates multiple signaling pathways leading to hyperplasia of cardiac fibroblasts. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by Ang II stimulation are assumed to play pivotal roles in this process. Here, we show that ROS mediate Ang II-induced activation of nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) in rat cardiac fibroblasts. Ang II-induced NFAT activation was suppressed by diphenyleneiodonium (an NADPH oxidase inhibitor), dominant negative (DN)-Rac, DN-p47phox, and an inhibitor of Gα12/13 (Gα12/13-specific regulator of G protein signaling domain of p115RhoGEF, p115-regulator of G protein signaling (RGS)). Stimulation of Ang II receptor increased the intracellular ROS level in a Rac- and p47phox-dependent manner. Because p115-RGS suppressed Ang II-induced Rac activation, Ang II receptor-coupled Gα12/13 mediated NFAT activation through ROS production by Rac activation. Ang II-induced nuclear translocation of the green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged amino-terminal region of NFAT4 (GFP-NFAT4) was suppressed by p115-RGS or BAPTA but not by diphenyleneiodonium. The expression of constitutively active (CA)-Gα12/13, CA-G translocation α13, or CA-Rac increased the nuclear of GFP-NFAT4. These results suggest that NFAT activity is regulated by both Ca2+-dependent and ROS-dependent pathways. Furthermore, activation of c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) induced by Ang II stimulation is required for NFAT activation because Ang II-induced NFAT activation was inhibited by SP600125, a selective JNK inhibitor. These results indicate that Ang II stimulates the nuclear translocation and activation of NFAT by integrated pathways including the activation of Gα12/13, Rac, NADPH oxidase, and JNK and that Gα12/13-mediated ROS production is essential for NFAT transcriptional activation.


Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench (2n = 20) is an important crops in the world because of its adaptation to a wide range of ecological conditions, suitability for low input cultivation and diverse uses (Doggett, 1988). Sorghum occupies fifth position after wheat, rice, maize and barley at world level, both in area and production. The crop is widely grown for food, feed, fodder, forage and fuel in the semi-arid tropics (SAT) of Asia, Africa, America and Australia. It occupies 58.20 m ha area in the world with an annual grain production of 68.87 m tones and productivity of 1535 kg/ha (FAO, 2015). In India, it covers about 5.82 m ha with an annual grain production of 5.39 m tonnes and productivity of 926 kg/ha (FAO, 2015). India is largest producer of sorghum in the world (FAO, 2015). The major sorghum growing states in India are Maharashtra, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh and Gujarat. In Rajasthan, it is grown for dual purpose with high emphasis on fodder, mainly it is grown International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 9 Number 9 (2020) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com


This morning we will discuss the concept of transition in an economic perspective and present two complementary approaches: one is based on the macro perspective of the DIAL team in partnership with the General Statistics Office of Việt Nam (GSO); this team is made up of François Roubaud, Jean-Pierre Cling, Nguyễn Hữu Chí and myself. The other is the micro perspective of the socioeconomist, Christophe Gironde. This "double entry" study allows us to establish a parallel between our approaches and methods. We will see if it is possible to establish dialogue, to bring out synergies, to perceive divergence and convergence of our respective analyses. This session will also form an introduction to the workshop "How is Economic Transition Experienced and Perceived by the Population? Analysis of the Complementarity Between Quantitative and Qualitative Approaches", which will benefit greatly from the presence of the socioanthropologist, Christian Culas.


The studies on IgG-3 subclass in the course of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in children were performed. The presence of this IgG subclass was not shown, using chromatography on AGP-Sepharose for its isolation and Protein A-Sepharose for its identification. The possibilities of excretion of this IgG subclass with urine and proteolytic digestion in neutral pH by serum enzymes were excluded. Acid alpha-1-glycoprotein (AGP) isolated from serum of children with ALL interacts with IgG-3 of normal serum.


Abstract This paper proposes a novel data hiding scheme that aims to prevent certain regions from modifying. These regions are specified by users, and a location map is generated to indicate where the changeable pixels are located. To reduce the size of this extra information, the location map is compressed using modified Huffman coding, and the compressed code is embedded into cover images. The Huffman code and the secret information can be separated automatically during the extracting procedure, without knowing the size of the compressed code in advance. The experimental results show that our proposed scheme has flexibility in data hiding capacity and stego image quality control, and the regions can be preserved well. Thus, the proposed scheme can be applied to a wide variety of applications.


A two-dimensional persistence random walk model with two states is considered. In the immobile state, the particle chooses a new direction according to some probability function, while in the mobile state it persists on its direction and performs a ballistic motion. Starting from a master equation, we are able to calculate the diffusion constant for this model. The model was developed to explain Monte Carlo simulations of photon diffusion in two-dimensional dry foams. While it gives the leading term in the diffusion constant D, it fails to reproduce the details in D which depend on the amount of disorder in foams. This might show that diffusing photons probe local structural correlations in foams.


Often due to physical limitations, there is a gap in the very-near-field and near-field (NF) measurements of antennas. However, to compute the complete far-field (FF) pattern, near-field data over the whole measurement sphere are required. In this letter, an iterative extrapolation-based machine learning algorithm is presented to expand the region over which the calculated far-field is more accurate. In each iteration, the well-known analysis of variance test is used to check the overall feasibility of the regression model and derive the coefficients of the extrapolation function. To validate the method, three examples with a folded dipole antenna at 1 GHz, a vivaldi antenna at 5 GHz and a dual-frequency planar antenna are presented using both simulated and measured full and truncated near-field data.


One nanomanufacturing concern is the precise, controlled deposition of materials at the nanoscale, commonly referred to as nanolithography. One promising technique, dip-pen nanolithography (DPN), can deposit a multitude of organic and inorganic materials. Simple and accurate, DPN uses an atomic force microscope (AFM) cantilever to deposit inks under ambient conditions. However, from a manufacturing perspective, DPN's main drawback is its inherent serial nature. Another more promising technique is microcontact printing (μCP), which can repeatedly cover larger areas in a parallel fashion. As interest in nanomanufacturing processes increases, the demand for user-friendly, automated nanolithography processes become a priority. This paper presents a nanolithography process that begins with a design plan and ends with a manufactured product using a unique progression from design environment to serial nanolithographic technique to parallel nanolithographic technique. The process begins with the creation of a design template using conventional CAD software. The design template is then transformed into a vector signal that serves as input to the AFM used in the DPN process. A custom AFM has been designed for nanometer scale precision in three axes using real-time, digital feedback methodologies. Using the appropriate DPN 'ink' coated on the AFM cantilever, the design template is automatically reproduced onto the substrate, where the appropriate features are filled in with predetermined chemical functionalities. Specifically, alkanethiol chemistry is used as a resist for wet chemical etching of a gold substrate to create raised surface features which mimic the original design template. This substrate is used as a positive mask for the creation of polymeric stamps for μCP. These stamps are then used to create replicas of the original design template in a parallel fashion and qualitatively examined for their completeness and reproducibility.© 2004 ASME


To improve the automatic classification accuracy of remote sensing images, this study raises a high-resolution remote sensing image classification model that combines deep transfer learning and multi-feature network. In this paper, deep transfer learning is the core technology of remote sensing image classification model, and VGG16, Inception V3, ResNet50 and MobileNet are used to build a fusion classification model through serial fusion. By testing the fusion model, the Transfer Learning ResNet50-MobileNet (TL-RM) model with the best performance was obtained. Finally, experimental analysis verified its significant stability: the average accuracy of TL-RM on a small sample high-resolution remote sensing image dataset was 96.8%, and the Kappa coefficient was 0.964, both of which were the highest values among all models. The accuracy of this model shows a slight upward trend and then stabilizes as the iterations increases. The training and testing sets accuracy ultimately stabilizes at around 100% and 98%, and the loss value ultimately stabilizes at around 1%. Moreover, TL-RM only has a low classification accuracy for residential areas in remote sensing images, with a classification accuracy of over 97% for other categories. The experiment shows that the TL-RM model has significant accuracy and stability, providing a reliable theoretical and experimental basis for remote sensing image classification research.


A new paradigm is explored for controlling free-flying robots using a robot-centered coordinate strategy. The use of "dynamic" tool vectors for controlling manipulator motion is key to the development of this new approach. Variable tool vectors allow the arms to function in multiple roles, including camera positioning and self-maneuvering of the vehicle. In addition, these concepts are embodied in a resolved-rate architecture for controlling manipulators in robo-centric operations. The ranger neutral buoyancy vehicle, currently under development at the University of Maryland Space Systems Laboratory, is used to illustrate the application of this approach.


The design theory of impact crusher was introduced in brief.The development of main domestic impact crusher produced at home and ACM-AB impact crusher were described.


A few species have evolved resistance to paraquat after repeated selection. As paraquat still inhibited NADP reduction, we hypothesized that resistance might be due to (a) detoxification of the paraquat-generated active oxygen species and (b) that resistant plants would have some cross resistance to other xenobiotic oxidants as well as to photoinhibition, which we subsequently demonstrated. The levels of plastid isozymes of the oxygen detoxification pathway: (CuZn) superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase were genetically higher in the resistant than in the sensitive biotype of Conyza bonariensis through the F2 generation. Resistance was suppressed by chelators of copper and/or zinc. Intact chloroplasts from resistant plants had less membrane damage with and without paraquat, than those from sensitive plants. Resistant Conyza plants recover from paraquat inhibition of photosynthesis in 3-4 h in high light, whereas sensitive plants died. Both resistant and sensitive plants recovered from paraquat in 3-4 h in low light intensities. Paraquat-resistant Conyza plants were cross-tolerant to SO2, atrazine, acifluorfen and to photoinhibition. Drought-tolerant maize inbreds were cross-tolerant to paraquat, SO2 and acifluorfen (compared to sensitive lines) and they also possessed higher levels of (Cu/Zn) superoxide dismutase and glutathione reductase. The tolerance to oxidant stresses in Conyza and maize increases with plant age, suggesting that the shift to resistance is a constitutive, earlier expression of the genes normally expressed later in development.


With cisco 7206 router and according the material structure,how to strengthen the security of campus network.by using access control list is discussed in detail. Then bringing forward two new examples of ACL:the virus filtering and time controlling on ACL,and followed by the detail configuration.


BACKGROUND
Up to 50% of child abuse (CA) victims exhibit evidence of traumatic facial or intraoral injuries. Dental health professionals (DHPs) are therefore well-positioned to detect and report incidences of CA. This study aimed to assess the knowledge and attitudes of Western Australian DHPs towards identifying and reporting CA.

METHODS
General dentists, specialists, hygienists and oral health therapists completed an online questionnaire which assessed their knowledge and experience in identifying and reporting CA.

RESULTS
A total of 228 participants completed the questionnaire (representing 7% of DHPs, 60% of paediatric dentists and 11% of all dental hygienists and therapists in Western Australia). The majority of participants (66.2%, P<0.05) felt they were unlikely to recognise a patient with physical abuse, or detect signs of sexual abuse (90.8%, P<0.001). Uncertainty around diagnosing abuse was a barrier towards reporting cases (86.4%, P<0.05) and most participants (78.0%, P<0.05) felt that they did not have adequate safeguarding training to report CA.

CONCLUSIONS
Self-reported confidence in identifying and reporting CA cases was low; with the majority of the dental professionals unlikely to recognise signs of CA. Inadequate training and knowledge around correct reporting protocols were identified as barriers, which warrants an appropriate change to improve child safeguarding.


We focus on estimating size of a hydraulic fracture using analysis of tube waves generated by the action of an external seismic field. External seismic field excites not only tube waves at the intersection of the fracture with the well, but also generates slow eigenmode by squeezing the fracture tips. Slow mode propagates along the fracture and converts into tube wave upon reaching the wellbore. Time delay between primary and secondary tube waves allows to estimate fracture size. This study concentrates on describing the secondary tube wave. Using averaging procedure we present the non-uniform pseudo-differential wave equation for slow eigenmode in the fluid-filled fracture. This equation is derived in space-time representation assuming long-wavelength approximation. Derived wave equation takes into account strong dispersion of slow wave and contribution of incident external seismic field. We state and solve the boundary problem describing slow mode excited at the fracture tips and estimate the amplitude of the secondary tube wave generated when slow mode hits the intersection with the well. Numerical calculations show that amplitudes of the secondary tube wave can reach several percents of the primary tube wave amplitudes and hence be detectable in a field experiments and used for fracture size characterization.


Precipitation‐induced sensible heat (HPR) which is transferred between the land surface and rainwater can be extremely large during a heavy precipitation event. Thus, the local surface temperature can be sharply altered on an hourly to daily timescale. However, HPR is commonly neglected in current land surface models because of its small magnitude on long timescales. As a consequence, the simulated land‐surface air temperature (TLSA) may be biased. In this study, we use satellite and reanalysis data sets to estimate HPR on the global scale, and we use CESM1 (with CAM4 physics and the prescribed sea surface temperature) to investigate the effect of HPR on TLSA simulations over the second half of the 20th century. Our results show that the reanalysis‐estimated HPR is largest over Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) regions, with seasonal mean values of −0.22 W m−2 (−2.31 to 0.29 W m−2) in DJF and −0.28 W m−2 (−2.89 to 0.24 W m−2) in JJA. These values are consistent with the model‐simulated HPR patterns. In DJF, the HPR leads to a weaker equator‐pole surface heating difference and therefore, weakens northern stationary waves. The consequent changes of the heat and moisture advection result in noticeable TLSA warming effects (for example, +0.53 K over northern Eurasia and +0.46 K over central North America) and cooling effects (for example, −0.62 K over Alaska and −0.42 K over central Asia) at regional scales. These temperature changes help to reduce the TLSA biases in the model. In JJA, the TLSA changes slightly because of the weak stationary wave responses during the northern summer.


The Teaching Awards continue to throw the spotlight on some of the nation's greatest teachers. Jane Wharton meets David Torn, a man who likes to body-pop with strangers


Objective To compare the efficacy of citalopram and amitriptyline on the quality of life in senile depression patients.Methods Eighty-six inpatients with senile depression were assigned randomly to citalopram group or amitriptyline group for 8 weeks.The quality of life,efficacy and side effect were assessed with Generic Quality of Life Inventory-74(GQOLI74),Hamilton Depression Rating Scale(HAMD)and Treatment Emergent Symptom Scale(TESS) before and 8 weeks after the treatment respectively.Results The efficacy of citalopram was similar to that of amitriptyline(P0.05),but citalopram had fewer side effects(P0.01).Citalopram′s healthy dimensionalities of body,mental and social function were superior to that of amitriptyline(P0.01).Conclusion Compared with amitriptyline,citalopram can improve the quality of life in senile depression patients.


Although terminal ileitis was only described by Crohn and his collaborators in 1932, reports of non-specific similar inflammatory lesions of the intestinal tract had been appearing for many years before this, and as Thorek (1941) recently assured his American audience, an excellent description of the condition was given by Combe and Saunders at the beginning of last century before the Royal College of Physicians in London under the title of " A Singular Case of Stricture and Thickening of the Ileum." It is very interesting to note that


First of all I would like to thank God for giving me the ability and strength to complete this work, as without his will none of this would have ever been possible.
This thesis would not have been possible without the people who chose to participate in it, and for that I am eternally grateful for their willingness to share the stories and experiences with me. I would like to thank each and every one of them for their input. I know opening up and sharing personal stories is never easy, especially to someone who was a relative stranger to them at first. I wish them the best of luck for their futures and hope this thesis lives up to their expectations and makes them feel like their time spent during the research process was worthwhile.
 I will forever be in gratitude to my supervisor Dr. Ahsan Ullah. From his willingness to be my supervisor, to his patience throughout the entirety of my work and his readiness to help me through this process, I am forever grateful. Without Dr. Ahsan's advice and assistance I am positive I would have not seen this work through. I would also like to thank Dr. Ann Lesch and Dr. Ibrahim Awad for taking the time to read my research and participate as committee members in this process. I am sure both are faced with busy schedules and the fact that they have taken the time to be a part of this process means a lot to me.
 I would not be where I am at today if it were not for the support of my family. Words cannot describe how important they are to me and their patience and support of my work has been essential to the completion of this thesis. Thanks to my mother who pointed out the CMRS program to me when I was struggling to figure out the next step in my life after graduating university. Thanks to my father who has been the most understanding and patient parent a son could ask for throughout my post-graduate studies and especially during the process of writing this thesis. I could not have done any of this without their support and for that I am thankful.


The classification of hand-written digits with invariance under translations, rotations and scaling using neural networks is discussed. Two approaches are considered. First, Zernike moment expansions are used to produce invariant representations of the image. Secondly, the image is coded using triplets of pixels grouped into similarity classes of triangles. Both types of coding form the input into a multi-layered perceptron classifier. Methods of reducing the dimensionality of the ensuing image representations are discussed, and the performances of both coding methods are assessed and compared. Third-order networks result in a generalisation success rate of 79% under all transformations combined. >


The research interest to study a one of the important topics in the administrative and accounting fields of knowledge the subject is financial and administrative corruption, and depends upon the foundations of ethics among workers and based systems within the structural core of the institution. To understand the influence of the state-level factors on regulatory tools accounting as ethical moral during the anti-corruption should be more attention to judicial efficiency and level of moral development on anti-corruption of financial and administrative. These factors include the adoption of a questionnaire to sample of workers in Najaf reconstruction, the results supported the hypotheses of research a found positive impact of the ethics tool on anti-corruption and by (R²) coefficient was 73%, in addition having the moderation role of judicial efficiency on the positive relationship between the ethical dimension anti-corruption degree by (R²) coefficient was 92%. these results explain that factors have a high economic importance of showing weaknesses in the anti-corruption of financial and administrative, and support the ethical dimension, which in turn is an important tool in the control of state institutions.


AIMS
To investigate changes in alcohol consumption during the first months of the COVID-19 pandemic in Europe as well as its associations with income and experiences of distress related to the pandemic.

DESIGN
Cross-sectional on-line survey conducted between 24 April and 22 July 2020.

SETTING
Twenty-one European countries.

PARTICIPANTS
A total of 31 964 adults reporting past-year drinking.

MEASUREMENTS
Changes in alcohol consumption were measured by asking respondents about changes over the previous month in their drinking frequency, the quantity they consumed and incidence of heavy episodic drinking events. Individual indicators were combined into an aggregated consumption-change score and scaled to a possible range of -1 to +1. Using this score as the outcome, multi-level linear regressions tested changes in overall drinking, taking into account sampling weights and baseline alcohol consumption [Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT-C)] and country of residence serving as random intercept. Similar models were conducted for each single consumption-change indicator.

FINDINGS
The aggregated consumption-change score indicated an average decrease in alcohol consumption of -0.14 [95% confidence interval (CI) = -0.18, -0.10]. Statistically significant decreases in consumption were found in all countries, except Ireland (-0.08, 95% CI = -0.17, 0.01) and the United Kingdom (+0.10, 95% CI = 0.03, 0.17). Decreases in drinking were mainly driven by a reduced frequency of heavy episodic drinking events (-0.17, 95% CI = -0.20, -0.14). Declines in consumption were less marked among those with low- or average incomes and those experiencing distress.

CONCLUSIONS
On average, alcohol consumption appears to have declined during the first months of the COVID-19 pandemic in Europe. Both reduced availability of alcohol and increased distress may have affected consumption, although the former seems to have had a greater impact in terms of immediate effects.


Nowadays, ecologization is one of the important tasks for agriculture. Microbiological preparations based on nodule bacteria application in agriculture is a significant part of organic crop production. Symbiotic efficiency of 13 nodule bacteria strains from the Crimean collection of microorganisms of the FSBSI "Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea" (http://www.ckp- rf.ru/usu/507484/) was studied in our research. In laboratory conditions, we established that four strains of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viceae and five strains of Bradуrhizobium japonicum have high symbiotic efficiency to Pisum sativum L., Lathyrus sativus L., Glycinе max L.(Merr.). These strains are recommended for identifying highly effective ones to modern cultivars of these legumes in the conditions of the steppe zone of Crimea.


The Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine at Houston Methodist Hospital hosted the Cancer Biomarker Conference (CBC) on March 22, 2014, at the Houston Methodist Research Institute in association with the department's Houston Methodist Diagnostic Laboratories. The CBC was inspired by the work of the Cancer Biomarker Reporting Committee (CBRC) of the College of American Pathologists (CAP), which cosponsored the conference. In organizing this conference, our goal was to offer a utilitarian program that addressed practical issues in cancer biomarker testing for pathologists and other physicians involved in everyday care of cancer patients. In contrast to methodology, we focused on how to provide a cancer biomarker service; test selection, interpretation, reporting and reimbursement issues for biomarker testing; tissue management; and biomarker test selection and interpretation for specific solid cancers. The faculty was composed of members of the CBRC and other prominent experts from other CAP committees. In addition, future visions were provided by Dr Gene Herbek, President of the CAP; Dr Ed Uthman, President of the Texas Society of Pathologists (TSP); and Dr Peter Yu, President of the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO). The articles in this second part of a 2-part special section are derived from lectures at the CBC as well as contributions from other members of the CBRC. Other cosponsors of the CBC included the TSP, the Association for Molecular Pathology (AMP), the American Society for Investigative Pathology, the Chinese American Pathologists Association, the Florida Society of Pathologists, the Oklahoma State Association of Pathologists, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, the University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, the University of Texas Medical Branch Galveston, the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas, the University of Arkansas for the Medical Sciences, the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, and Baylor Scott & White Healthcare—Central. Specific individuals whom we would like to recognize include:


Dr Ponseti developed a method for treating congenital clubfoot that uses manipulation and casting followed by percutaneous Achilles tenotomy (PAT). 1 This method is successful in almost 90% of cases 1,2 and PAT should be included in almost 85% of cases. 3 A small number of feet are left with residual equinus despite PAT. We present a technique first described by Dr Miroslav Zhivkov (at the International Clubfoot Conference in Manchester, November 2003) that can be used as an adjunct to PAT in the management of resistant equinus deformity. or a


This research paper summarises the educational research underpinning Department of Management Studies (DMS), Christ University (CU) framework for supporting academics to learn about teaching. It is for those who want to know more about teaching and learning practices in higher education in knowledge based economy. Becoming better teachers not only helps student learning but can enhance careers, develop a sense of community and provide personal satisfaction for academics. Learning to teach well at university is complex. Academics differ in the skills and experience they bring to teaching, as they differ in the students and courses they teach. Despite these differences, there are commonalties to learning and improving teaching across disciplines. In this presentation an attempt has been made to familiarize the teaching and learning practices initiated by the department to compete at global level especially in offering undergraduate programme Bachelor of Business Administration (BBA). Keywords Learning Organisation, Knowledge Based Economy, Joint Teaching, International course, Mentoring.


Wide distribution of separate representatives of the section Xiphidium Bunge in the area of North Asia and the diversity of habitat conditions encouraged the appearance and formation of a variety of vegetative and reproductive structures. However, no special research in morphology of most Astragalus L. species of the section Xiphidium has been conducted up to now. Peculiarities of life forms of 16 Astragalus taxa growing in Asian Russia were studied. According to I.G. Serebryakovs classification of life forms most of species of the section Xiphidium are represented by dwarf semishrubs (7 species and 1 subspecies), smaller number of herbaceous plants (5 species) and shrubs (3 species). Dwarf semishrubs prefer open habitats with high insolation and dryness of soil substrate. A. austrouralensis Kulikov, A. ceratoides Bieb., A. compressus Ledeb., A. macroceras C. A. Meyer, A. macropus Bunge, A. pseudomacropus Knjasev et Kulikov and A. stenoceras C.A. Meyer belong to them. Herbaceous perennial plants are limited in the composition of life forms and only represented by caudex ecomorph. In some herbaceous forms the trend is to pass to semiherbaceous type. Their dissimilarity from semiarborescent ones (semishrubs and dwarf semishrubs) is that they have annual lignified monocarpic overeground shoots. A. angarensis Turcs. ex Bunge and A. palibinii Polozhij belong to such species. Considerable distinctions of morphological structure may be observed in widespread species in different parts of their ranges in connection with the habitat conditions. A. cornutus Pallas and A. arbuscula Pallas are shrubs in the northern part of their area and in the southern one where they grow on poor subsalsuginous soils in meadow-steppe phytocoenoses they are represented by lower shrubs. Life form of A. suffruticosus DC. with a wide area (from southern regions of West and Middle Siberia to Central Yakutia) may change from dwarf shrub to shrub.


Objective: To explore the methods for diagnosis and treating cerebral venous thrombosis(CVT) around gestation period.Method: We reviewed 14 patients' clinical symptoms,character of radiology and the methods of treatment with CVT around gestation period.Result: After the treatment,9 patients were completely recovered,one was hemiplegy,one was blindness,one was sight decline,two cases were dead.Conclusion: Cerebral venous thrombosis(CVT) around gestation period was rare and serious danger.To terminate the gestation,treat with thrombolysis and anticoagulation were the keys to reduce the maternal mortality rate and improve the prognosis.


An optimal reactive power dispatch strategy is proposed to minimize the total electrical losses of a wind farm (WF), including not only losses in the transmission cables and wind turbine (WT) transformers, but also losses inside wind energy generation systems. The reactive power dispatch inside a WT uses optimal splitting strategy over the stator and the grid side converter (GSC), which aims to minimize the total loss of the wind energy generation system, including the generator, the converters, and the filters. Optimization problems are formulated based on established loss models and WT reactive power limits. A WF is carefully designed and used for case studies. Wake effect is considered when calculating the active power at each WT. The total losses of the WF are calculated by implementing the proposed strategy at different wind speeds and reactive power references. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed strategy.


A new University of Belize (UB) was created through the assimilation of several smaller institutions and was only two years old at the time of this study. The authors recognized that the creation of this most-recent university would bring different expectations of leadership on the part of faculty and administrators. As higher education changes, particularly at the UB, the need for persons in leadership positions who can bring groups together in spite of differences, will be critical. According to Machiavelli (1961), there is nothing more difficult to plan, more uncertain of success, or more dangerous to manage than the establishment of a new order. This study utilizes the Leader Behavior Description Questionnaire developed by The Ohio State University to measure the ideal behavior faculty members expect of administrative leaders at the University of Belize, using three research questions (descriptive and comparative for statistical analysis) and two open-ended questions. The survey results show no significant statistical differences between the two dimensions of leader behavior for any of the three research questions asked, leading the authors to conclude that faculty members want a balanced relationship with department chairs. The open-ended questions indicate faculty expect administrative leaders to be effective in setting and achieving departmental goals and that they value a relationship built on mutual trust and respect, desire a leader who listens, who is open to suggestions for problem solving and who fosters a spirit of teamwork and cooperation Introduction According to the Belize Times (May 28, 2000), the University of Belize (UB) officially opened on August 1, 2000. The university was established by the merger of five Belizean postsecondary institutions, the University College of Belize, and other government-sponsored, twoyear, associate-degree granting institutions, including the Belize School of Nursing, Belize Technical College, Belize Teachers' College, Belmopan Junior College and Belize College of Agriculture. At the time of this study, the university had been in existence for almost two years. The authors recognized that the creation of a new UB, through the assimilation of several smaller institutions, would bring different expectations of leadership on the part of faculty and administrators. As higher education changes, particularly at the UB, the need for persons in leadership positions who can bring groups together in spite of differences will be critical. According to Machiavelli (1961), there is nothing more difficult to plan, more uncertain of success, or more dangerous to manage than the establishment of a new order. Extensive research has been conducted on leadership inside and outside higher education. Belize; however, has little research on this topic. This study seeks to contribute data and analysis on the expectations of faculty members of department chairs' leader behavior at the UB. In the following section, a review of the relevant literature will provide background to help determine whether faculty expectations of administrators as leaders are conducive to the effective workings of an institution. This information will be useful to the academic community at the UB as they work to make it one of the premier institutions in the region. Journal of Research Initiatives Vol. 3 No. 1 November 2017 ISSN: 2168-9083 digitalcommons.uncfsu.edu/jri 2 Literature Review Bolman and Deal (1997) state that change inevitably creates conflict. It spawns a hotly contested "tug of war" to determine who is in control. Too often, conflicts are submerged and smolder beneath the surface. Occasionally, they burst into the open as outbreaks of unregulated warfare. Administrative leaders and faculty members must be able to openly discuss their expectations of leadership styles and behavior, with a willingness to compromise on differences, whether the differences are cultural, based on leadership type, or based on work habits (Bolman & Deal, 1997). Only through these two groups working cooperatively will the UB develop its full potential as a competitive institution in Central America and the Caribbean regions. Good leadership is vital to the continued success and existence of any organization. In accordance with Bolman and Deal statement above faculty have expectations of leaders' behavior, if these expectations of good governance is exhibited in leaders' performance, an institution will operate more efficiently and productively. As is true for the entire country, the staff of the UB is comprised of Belizeans from different institutional, ethnic and cultural backgrounds. In addition to how individuals are taken out of their comfort zones by the change to a national university, the symbols, rituals, and culture of these different groups must be taken into account. The importance of symbolism cannot be overemphasized. "Our links to yesterday and tomorrow depend also on the aesthetic, emotional, and symbolic aspects of life, on saga, play and celebration. Without festival and fantasy, man would not be a historical being" (Cox, 1969, p. 13). According to Senge (1990), the only way to encourage members of a learning organization to invest in the new order is to produce what is expected, modeled by one or more members. For the University of Belize, administrators must recognize that faculty and staff will be dedicated to and buy into the institution when their leaders meet expectations. To help readers understand the context of the research, the authors provided historical background of the country of Belize and people. Historical Insight into Belizean Culture Belize is a Central American nation created out of the British colony of British Honduras. The Rio Hondo River, along the Northern border, and the Gulf of Honduras gave British Honduras its name, which was changed to Belize in 1993. Belize is believed to originate from the Mayan word Belix or Beliz (meaning muddy water). The name was changed by the people in anticipation of the country's independence (Barry, 1992). Belizeans tend to view persons in administrative positions, especially elected officials, with guarded suspicion. Bolland (1986) wrote that the Belizean public's present view of administrative leaders may be attributed to the undermining actions conducted by plantation owners immediately post slavery. Plantation owners, assisted by the British government, upheld laws keeping the masses poor and dependent on their former masters, even after slavery was abolished (Bolland, 1986). According to Bolland (1986), one way the settler minority (British) maintained control was by dividing the African slaves from a growing population of free Blacks given limited privileges. By the time of legal emancipation in 1838, the essential nature of Belize—as a rigidly hierarchical and authoritarian colonial society in which people were ranked according to race and class in a structure of great inequalities—was well established. The act to abolish slavery in the British colonies was passed in June 1833 but it did not produce radical change, which was never its intention. In fact, the act included two generous measures for slave owners: first, a system of apprenticeship calculated to extend control over former slaves, so that they continued to work for Journal of Research Initiatives Vol. 3 No. 1 November 2017 ISSN: 2168-9083 digitalcommons.uncfsu.edu/jri 3 the same masters, without pay, to compensate for property losses; and second, the measure helped ensure that the majority of the population remained poor and landless, dependent for work upon their former owners who still monopolized the land (Bolland, 1986). In the next section the article will examine Belizean culture in the 21 century. 21 Century Belizean Culture Today, there are Belizeans who continue to misuse political power in ways similar to their former slave masters. For example, political aspirants dangle the possibility of land ownership for votes. Elected officials dismiss government employees (who are alleged opposition supporters) to fill positions with their own supporters. One of the authors has witnessed many Belizeans losing their jobs when they said something against a governing political party or one of their political representatives. There were times even family members would be affected (Ramos, 2015). Belizean citizens continually voice skepticism of persons in leadership positions, whether elected or promoted. Academia has not escaped public suspicion, for example, in his 2000 address to University of Belize faculty and staff on the amalgamation of five government institutions, the Minister of Education said, "We recognize that a university must be autonomous, such autonomy provides the environment for excellence in scholarship, research and scholarship" (Tun, 2004, p 58). However, when the UB Act 2000 was officially passed, The Minister was given ultimate control of the university. This led Tun (2004) to conclude that while the amalgamation brought together five different institutions, each with their own cultures, all institutions shared a common reality: they were all dependent on government for financing their institutions and their missions were inextricably tied to that of their sponsor. Thus, in this situation, the substantive autonomy (the mission) of the new university was compromised. Cunningham (1985) affirms that in turbulent times, individuals seek the right kind of leadership to help them survive. As higher education undergoes changes in Belize, with enrollment of more students and a growing need for more involvement of postsecondary education institutions in community development, leading institutions will become more complex. As previously mentioned, combining different institutions to form the UB is a major change. There are new administrative positions; rules and regulations are established; and employees are appointed to positions with new responsibilities. All of the


The non-specialist might have assumed that the main objective of a QSAR study is to predict whether an untested compound will be active or inactive (or to do virtual screening, i.e., predictions about a whole virtual library of compounds). In practice, much work has been devoted to "explanatory" QSAR, relating changes in molecular structure to changes in activity, and only recently has there been considerable interest in predictivity; QSAR is now being used for virtual screening, to find biologically active molecules. There are many reasons why models fail [1,2]: bad data, bad methodology, inappropriate descriptors, domain inapplicability [3], etc. In this article we can address only a few of the issues. Vendors are supplying models that may or may not be applicable to a corporate virtual library [2] and many (in-house approved) models are now available to non-experts on corporate intranets. How are these users to judge applicability?


CdZnTe has been characterized by means of polarization-field hysteresis and current–voltage measurements. The CdZnTe is shown to be ferroelectric with polarization endurance up to 107 poling cycles. The polarization is significantly influenced by free carriers and can be switched by light illumination. The capacitance of CdZnTe consists of ferroelectric and depletion components. On the other hand, electrical conduction in the CdZnTe is modulated by the polarization, leading to hysteresis in the current–voltage characteristics. Writing and reading measurement has shown a reading-current difference of 0.015 mA at a nondestructive voltage for the binary digits.


We present a new lightweight, cat-inspired, quadrupedal, cordless robot featuring two-segment limbs with passive compliant hip joints. Each limb has two degrees of freedom-hip and knee joints are actuated using servomotors. Simple electronics to command the actuators from a desktop computer have been embedded on the robot in order to test it. Both the inverse kinematics and the Central Pattern Generation (CPG) approaches have been used to produce stable crawl gaits, ranging from 13 cm/s to 50.2 cm/s, reaching a minimum Cost of Transport (CoT) of 3.12 J/N/m. Our passive compliant hip design was compared with traditional rigid hips and fared better in terms of the CoT overall and of the mean forward speed starting from a swing frequency of 21 rad/s.


They enter quietly, knowing that this is a sacred space. They enter wearing hats, wigs, or half-inch-long hair. Some come with professional caregivers, or a family member or a friend. It is time for the weekly restorative Yoga class at the local Cancer Center. With nothing but mats, blankets, and bolsters, a clinical multi-purpose room becomes a sanctuary.The class is filled with people who have realized their mortality, and have lived with illness, the pity of others, and the sideways glances at their bald heads or emaciated bodies. They have come to this weekly sanctuary with courage, to inquire...


The influence of uniaxial pressure (0-1000 bars) applied parallel to the ac electric field on the dielectric properties of PLZT-x/65/35 ceramics (x = 9.75 and 10) was investigated. The results show that the applied stress has a significant influence on the dielectric properties of PLZT ceramics. Applying uniaxial pressure leads to the reduction of the electric permittivity (ϵ) peak and the frequency dispersion. Moreover, the peak of ϵ becomes diffuse and shifts to a higher temperature with increasing pressure. The results show that applying uniaxial pressure induces similar effects as the increase in Ti−ion concentration in the PZT system. We interpreted our results based on the domain switching processes under the action of combined electromechanical loading.