In order to extend the application of palm mid-fraction(PMF) in zero/low trans fatty acids margarine,the triglyceride composition,crystallization and melting characteristics of PMF,palm stearin(PSt) and soybean oil were analyzed.The results showed that double and single saturated triglycerides POP,PLP and POO were mainly found in PMF; triple and double saturated triglycerides PPP and POP were predominant in PSt; while triple and double unsaturated triglycerides LLL,OLL and PLL were predominant in soybean oil.The double saturated triglyceride POP tended to form β' crystals in the PMF based margarine blended with PSt and soybean oil.The triple saturated triglyceride PPP provided a skeletal structure for the margarine while the presence of triple unsaturated triglycerides LLL and OLL filled the grid formed by high melting point triglycerides to improve nutritional characteristics of the margarine.The compatibility of PMF,PSt and soybean oil was satisfactory when the mass ratio of PMF to PSt to soybean oil was 50∶ 30∶ 20.The β'and β crystals were found in the margarine prepared with the best mass ratio,and β'crystal was predominant.Therefore,the margarine met the requirements for margarine in terms of crystallization and melting characteristics.


Composites with nanostructured hydrophobic surface comprises a support layer having a first composition, and a plurality of spaced apart nanostructure feature protruding from the support layer surface while being arranged on the same supporting layer, the . Nanostructure features are coated with either formed from a hydrophobic material, or a hydrophobic coating layer. Nanostructure features are formed using a second composition different from the first composition. Surface may be a superhydrophobic.


Producing the novelty, the human unintentionally keeps in his memory the images of his/her past experience. Reminiscence reproduces in the design the images of styles of past epochs. It becomes more and more apparent in the modern graphic design, and it is especially distinctive for post-modernist design. Alongside with other quotation forms, reminiscence moulds the language of post-modernism, for which similar loans are characteristic. However, only the reminiscence as the most creative quotation form, allows not only to rethink the past but also to create the design of the future.


NO reduction with either H2or CO was studied between 773 and 973 K over La2O3and Sr-promoted La2O3. In the absence of O2with H2as a reductant, the specific activity for NO disappearance (moles/s/m2) over La2O3at 773 K was 10-fold greater than that with CH4, and at 973 K it was 19 times higher; however, the N2/N2O product ratio was only 0.27 at 773 K, although it increased to 1.4 at 973 K. With CO as the reductant and no O2, specific activities were 4.4 and 6.5 times higher than with CH4at 773 and 973 K, respectively. In contrast to behavior with CH4, the inclusion of 1% O2in the feed with H2or CO dramatically decreased activities because of direct combustion of the reductants. Specific activities were enhanced by the addition of 4% Sr to the La2O3catalyst, particularly for N2O formation. Adsorption of NO, O2, CO, and H2was determined at 300 and 573 K, and substantial amounts of all but H2were adsorbed at the latter temperature. Based on sites counted by irreversible NO adsorption at 300 K, turnover frequencies on La2O3for N2and N2O formation with H2were 0.074 and 0.059 s−1at 973 K, whereas the respective values with CO were 0.026 and 0.019 s−1. A model is proposed for each reaction in the absence of O2that provides a rate expression that correlates very well with both the well-behaved Arrhenius plot for N2formation and the significant bend-over in N2O formation as temperature increases.


This paper elaborated application domain and application request of the tilt sensor,the present existed question of the tilt sensor was pointed out.This paper analyzed the measure principle and computational method of the tilt sensor,one kind of angle partition algorithm was proposed,and through the zero position demarcation,the inherent zero offset of the micro acceleration sensor has been compensated.The software and hardware system of the SYTS tilt sensor has been introduced.The test on the concrete pump vehicle proves the SYTS tilt sensor is a kind of measurement of inclination angle which satisfies the specific requests of engineering machinery.


Virtualization is one of the hot topics in operating systems. However, virtualization on MIPS servers remains stagnant after the first attempt was done in late 1990s. The previous solutions seem not to meet the needs of modern servers and many aspects of them can still be improved. This paper introduces KVM-Loongson, an efficient virtualization solution for MIPS based on KVM. Paravirtualization is adopted to improve the performance of CPU virtualization and the clock accuracy. It can also reduce the memory virtualization overheads which are caused by three factors existing in virtualization on MIPS. Our experience also reveals that hardware virtualization support for MIPS is still needed on the aspect of efficiency. The whole work is done on boards with Loongson-3A CPUs which are quad core processors based on MIPS64 ISA. Performance evaluations show that programs of SPEC CINT2000 on the virtual machine can achieve averaging 94% their performance on the native machine when running single virtual machine.


In this paper, a scheme is presented for sea ice detection from Global Navigation Satellite System-Reflectometry (GNSS-R) Delay-Doppler Map (DDM). It is found that the DDM of sea ice differs from the one of seawater in the aspect of delay and Doppler spreading. This enables to distinguish sea ice from seawater through studying the number of high-value (greater than 50% of the peak power) DDM pixels. The area associated with a DDM with a number of high-value pixels less and greater than an empirical threshold (12) will be classified as covered by sea ice and seawater, respectively. The proposed method is validated by comparing the DDM-based detection results with ground-truth sea ice data and a detection accuracy of 100% is achieved.


Today's giant-sized image databases require content-based techniques to handle the exploration of image content on a large scale. A special part of image content retrieval is the domain of landmark recognition in images as it constitutes a basis for a lot of interesting applications on web images, personal image collections and mobile devices. We build an automatic landmark recognition system for images using the Bag-of-Words model in combination with the Hierarchical K-Means index structure. Our experiments on a test set of landmark and non-landmark images with a recognition engine supporting 900 landmarks show that large visual dictionaries of size about 1M achieve the best recognition results.


In this study, 131 patients with fractures of the distal end of the radius were treated either by closed reduction and forearm plaster (107 patients), Kirschner wire fixation (14 patients) or application of a Clyburn dynamic external fixator and Fixano external fixator (10 patients). Functional results in the fixators group were 7 excellent, 2 good and 1 fair. The external fixators were effective especially for treating comminuted Colles fractures and maintaining the reduced position, with roentgenographic loss of position during fracture union shown to be minimal.


Volume 1: principles of surgery principles of dentoalveolar surgery management of infections of the jaws principles of management of sinus disease principles of management of maxillofacial trauma. Volume 2: surgical pathology and salivary gland disease reconstruction of the soft and hard tissue of the maxillofacial region implants and preprosthetic reconstruction surgery. Volume 3: principles of orthognathic surgery management of cleft lip and palate facial aesthetic surgery management of facial pain and temporomandibular disorders.


in recent years,natural disasters,safety accidents,public health incidents,terrorist actions have frequently occurred,which has had tremendous impact on the economic growth,social stability,and people's daily life.So the discussion and study of the emergency system of the unexpected incidents has been increasingly the focus for the scholars and government's departments all over the world.The paper in the discussion and study,maintains that it is of great importance to reduce the public pressure,coordinate public actions,raise the ability to meet the emergency,and successfully settle the crisis for the government in dealing with the unexpected incidents to make the information public.


This paper traces the thematic and aesthetic lines that went into the construction of A propos de Nice, only to resurface in later productions. The films mentioned follow in the footsteps of Vigo's film in one or other of its particular traits. Noteworthy among these are the radiography of space and classes, the condemnation of social injustice and its violence, its syntactic and paratactic construction and its placement outside the commercial circuit


An energy-based ecological footprint model was set up to monitor the sustainable development status of a specific marine system. This model used unit energy value and energy density to convert the consumption into ecological productive areas. It can reflect the utilization degree of resources in the regional development. Then, the quantitative analysis of sustainable development was carried out by comparing the sizes of the areas. We defined the concept of energy-based marine ecological footprint and built energy-based marine ecological footprint model. Then we applied this model to the marine ecological system of Shandong Province to evaluate its sustainable development status. The results showed that the ecological footprint of energy-based marine ecological system in Shandong Province was 1.74 ×106hm2in2010, and the energy-based ecological carrying capacity of this area was 1.60 ×107hm2per capita. Thus, the marine ecological system of Shandong Province has strong sustainability.


: Sperm express the To lI -like receptor (TLR) family and have an innate immune function defending against bacterial infection in semen. It has been known that virus infection is also observed in semen with low motility of sperm , suggesting that sperm are also able to respond to virus infection. However , there is little information about the expression and roles of TLRs that recognize virus-released pathogens in semen. The present study cl θ arly showed that sperm express functional TLR9 that recognizes the unmethylated CpG DNA sθ quence. Using a specific antibody , we detected the expression of TLR9 in sperm. However , the positiv θ band was disappeared by progesterone treatment that induced the acrosome reaction. When sper 斤 1 were cultured with the TLR9 ligand , Sp θ rm motility significantly decreased in a time-d θ pendent manner. The treatment of sperm with the TLR9 ligand affected the acrosomal status and suppressed the BSA " induced capacitation of sperm. Additionally , sperm were used for in vitro fertilization and injection into the uterus of super- 桐 ovulated fema/e mice following pre-culture with the TLR9 ligand. The fertilization rates were significantly suppressed both in vitro and in vivo. From thes θ results , we conclude that sperm express and have functional TLR9 that potentially recogniz θs virus infection in semen.


The best-known works on stylistic variation in phonology have been concerned with accents which are susceptible to influence from outside. Typically, a regional accent is modified in a formal situation to display characteristics of a prestige norm. My research was designed to discover what happens as formality varies in English in the case of R.P., a non-regional accent which would not be expected to undergo modification towards some external norm.


Abstract Products and services based on some form of Artificial Intelligence are beginning to represent an ever-increasing presence in consumers' daily lives. Already, technologies such as algorithms based on machine learning, digital personal assistants, chatbots, smart devices generically labeled as the Internet of Things, and ultimately physical robots, are all becoming a daily presence in consumers' lives, conscientiously or unconscientiously, all incorporating a certain degree and level of development and application of Artificial Intelligence. Artificial Intelligence is not without controversy and the debate around it concentrates on several aspects. From the get go, even attempting to define AI will lead to unavoidable debates about what it is and what it is not, how broad can the definition be, so as to cover many of the things we presently call Artificial Intelligence. Once a definition is agreed, usually a broad one, several categories emerge that could represent current applications of Artificial Intelligence, such as recommender algorithms, intelligent assistants, chatbots, and intelligent robots – with respect to the latter, autonomous vehicles are perhaps the most common occurrence. All of these applications of AI have many things in common, but none like the fact that their success depends on being able to feed on enormous amounts of consumer generated data. This opens the door to how this data, largely personal in its nature, is used and the underlying privacy issues that accompany it. To compound the problem, some promote the idea that Artificial Intelligence could advance to a level called AGI where machines would develop self-conscious attributes capable of escaping human control with all accompanying perils to the very existence of humanity. Equally important is how AI may impact on people's lives, at present, but especially in the future, and how individuals eventually perceive, position themselves and are willing to accept Artificial Intelligence. This paper presents the results of a survey conducted among Romanian drivers in 2021 aimed at revealing how they position themselves in relation to the emergence of autonomous, self-driving cars. It identifies both potential benefits which drivers may associate with self-driving cars, as well as risks and concerns they might have. The balance between the two is critical in driving up acceptance of these technological advancements in our vehicles which are set to become the norm in a nearer or more distant future.


(99, 134), "1962" for "1862" (125), and "canon" for "cannon" (151). These are minor deficiencies in what is otherwise a fine addition to West Virginia Civil War literature, the author smoothly navigating the complex currents and shifting eddies of statehood and Reconstruction-era politics. West Virginia historians are in general agreement that support for statehood was strongest in northwestern Virginia, where the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad and the National Road transformed the Ohio Valley's economy. Support for the Confederacy was conversely strongest in the Greenbrier and New River Valleys, though there were Confederate troops raised in Wheeling as the secession crisis turned into armed conflict. Therefore Shaffer's analysis of the contested central West Virginia country is welcome and his conclusions promising, though the small sample size begs for additional similar rigorous study of other counties before his results are persuasive.


The deep mesa process for pixel isolation with ICP-RIE (Inductively Coupled Plasma – Reactive Ion Etching) was studied to develop InAs/GaSb type-Ⅱ superlattice (T2SL) LWIR photodetector with nBn structure. To reduce the lateral diffusion current component of the dark current components, it is essential to accomplish a proper deep dry etching process that can completely isolate absorption layer. In this work, ICP-RIE dry etching was studied to implement the smooth, vertical and isolated pixels. By increasing substrate temperature and adjusting the ratio of Ar in BCl3/Ar gas, it was found that the etch rate was largely increased and mesa shpae has become perpendicular and smooth. It was also found that dark current density was increased as the surface roughness increased. For the best sufrgace roughness, the dark current density of 15 μm pitch device fabricated exhibited 4.92x10-6 A/cm2 at and applied bias of -0.1 V and a temperature of 80 K.


Fluid properties in states near a vapor-liquid critical region are the most di cult to measure and to predict with EOS models. The principal model di culty is that near-critical property variations do not follow the same mathematics as at conditions far away from the critical region. Libyan NC98 eld in Sirte basin is a typical example of near critical uid characterized by high initial condensate gas ratio (CGR) greater than 160 Bbl/MMscf and maximum liquid drop-out of 25%. The objective of this paper is to model NC98 phase behavior with the proper selection of EOS parameters and also to model reservoir depletion versus gas cycling option using measured PVT data and EOS models. The outcomes of our study revealed that, for accurate gas and condensate recovery forecast during depletion, the most important PVT data to match are the gas phase Z-factor and C7+ fraction as functions of pressure. Reasonable match, within -3% error, was achieved for ultimate condensate recovery at abandonment pressure of 1500 psia. The smooth transition from gas-condensate to volatile oil was fairly simulated by the tuned PR-EOS. The predicted GOC was approximately at 14,380 ft. The optimum gas cycling scheme, in order to maximize condensate recovery, should not be performed at pressures less than 5700 psia. The contribution of condensate vaporization for such eld is marginal, within 8% to 14%, compared to gas-gas miscible displacement. Therefore, it is always recommended, if gas recycle scheme to be considered for this eld, to start it at the early stage of eld development (at P higher than Pdew).


Experiments were conducted to study the effect of soil solarization on soil nematode, weed, yield contributing characters, and grain yield of transplanted aman rice and also to observe the residual effect of the treatments on the following wheat crop. The treatments were, untreated control (T1), Furadan 5G (Carbofuran) @ 18 kg/ha (T2), soil solarization using transparent plastic (25µm) for 4 weeks and spaded after solarization to disturb the soil (T3), soil solarization using transparent plastic (25µm) for 4 weeks and not spaded after solarization (undisturbed) (T4), and plastic mulch (land covered by transparent plastic (25µm) throughout the aman rice season) (T5). The application of plastic mulch (T5) significantly increased plant height, number of tiller per m2, and number of panicles per m2 reduced weed, galling incidence, and parasitic nematode population in soil. The highest increase of grain yield (26.77%) was observed in T5 over control. Residual effect of those treatments of aman crop was also effective in reducing nematode in soil and root gall in wheat crop. Those residual effect of treatments also significantly increased yield of wheat. Seven parasitic nematode species, Tylenchorynchus sp., Hirschmaniella sp., Heterodera sp., Pratylenchus sp., Tylenchus sp., Xiphinema sp. and Meloidogyne sp. were found both in rice and wheat field. Different parasitic nematode species decreased due to the treatments over control in aman and wheat fields. Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 32(4) : 533-540


This paper critically investigates the dialectics of myth and tradition in Beman ya Buthayn Taluthin ? / Who Will Secure a Safe Haven for Buthayn? (2002) by the female Emirati poet Saleha Obeid Ghabesh in order to locate this poetic collection in its appropriate place within the context of the Arabic literary canon . Utilizing contemporary literary theory as analytical framework, the paper explores the poet's reconstruction of myth and tradition as aesthetic dynamics to articulate significant topics integral to the UAE community and the Arab world in an era of enormous transformations. In an attempt to interrupt the cultural mythology of a patriarchal society and encounter a world battered by humiliating defeats, the poet resurrects the Arabo-Islamic history in Andalusia to navigate contemporary issues rooted in the collective memory of the Arab nation. Confronting a web of decadent traditions which draw the Arab world backward and subverting politics of oppression which aim to silence Arab women during the era of gender consciousness, the poet engages intertextuality as a sophisticated technique linking the past with the present in a subtle poetic context.


Ten members of a 3‐generation pedigree with 7 showing Tourette syndrome/chronic tic phenotype (TS‐CTD) were evaluated with whole exome sequencing. We identified 3 novel, nonsynonymous single nucleotide variants in the MRPL3, DNAJC13, and OFCC1 genes that segregated with chronic tic phenotype. These variants were not present in 100 control subjects or in dbSNP/1000 Genomes databases. A novel variant in the 5′ untranslated region of the OFCC1 gene was found in 2 TS‐CTD patients from a different pedigree. Further studies will clarify the importance of variants in MRPL3, DNAJC13, and OFCC1 genes in TS. Ann Neurol 2011;69:901–904


The SEG Near-Surface Geophysics Technical Section (NSTS) enjoyed a successful 2021 in which it witnessed a doubling of its membership from the previous year and the recognition of several of its members for prestigious awards. To follow are some NSTS highlights from 2021 as well as a look toward 2022 and beyond.


Original Research Ar cle Manandhar R et al 1. Departmentof Microbiology, KIST Medical College and Hospital , Lalitpur, Nepal affliated to Tribhuvan University. © Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publica on with the work simultaneously licensed under Crea ve Commons A ribu on License CC BY 4.0 that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and ini al publica on in this journal. * Corresponding Author Dr. Ruchee Manandhar Lecturer Department of Microbiology KIST Medical College and Hospital, Lalitpur, Nepal Email: firstname.lastname@example.com ORCID ID: h ps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3997-5094 Affilia on A R T I C L E I N F O Received : 23 July, 2019 Accepted : 24 December, 2019 Published : 30 June, 2020


To build a better model for the water resource management, the rural community-based natural resource management(CBNRM) was applied in the water resources management on the rising issue about the management in rural community mainly consisted of Karst.The model was expected to improve the status quo which the community residents using of water resources beyond its normal biological capacity threshold and unreasonable use-pattern,relieve the contradiction amongst each stakeholder in rural community water resources management, balance the economic development of rural community against the resource utilization and promote the sustainable utilization of natural resources of rural community.


(57) Abstract: The present invention alkoxylated as emulsifier, preferably using a polyisobutene ethoxylated, fuel - on water emulsions. Thus, the preferred emulsion leads to advantageous properties when used as a fuel in internal combustion engines, especially diesel - it is possible to produce a water mixture.


Animal lectins are proteins that have the ability to bind monosaccharide or oligosaccharide carbohydrates. They were classified into five families according to their primary structure. Galectins, one of the members of this group, were previously known as S-type lectins or S-Lac. The galectin family is a phylogenetically conserved lectin family which shared amino acid sequences and a carbohydrate recognition domain. All galectins bind lactose and other β-galactosidic oligosaccharides. Fifteen mammalian galectins have been identified, being designated as Gal-1 to Gal-15. We have previously demonstrated that porcine spleen Gal-1 interacts with resting human platelets and after activation with thrombin (Tr) demonstrating the presence of receptors, a necessary condition in order to exert functional roles. The discovery of endogenous Gal-1 and their potential ligands/receptors, suggest an autocrine mechanism acting in HPlt (human platelets) to produce different functional roles. The information available is very poor which demonstrates the need to deep other aspects, some of which have already been addressed (localization and ultrastructural changes, protein associations


Abstract The mechanism of cationic styrene polymerization with the AlEt2Cl/RCl (R = alkyl or aryl) catalyst-cocatalyst system has been investigated. Polymerization initiation, i.e., cocatalyst efficiency, is apparently determined by the relative stability and/or concentration of the initiating carbonium ions provided by the cocatalyst RCl. Whereas n-butyl, isopropyl, and sec-butyl chlorides exhibit low cocatalyst efficiencies because of low ion concentrations, triphenyl methyl chloride is a poor cocatalyst because the stability of the derivative triphenyl methyl ion is much higher than that of the propagating styryl ion. Alkyl halides that give ions of intermediate stability are efficient cocatalysts. Isobutyl chloride and benzyl chloride seem to be exceptions and the reasons for this are discussed. A general simple scheme of the polymerization mechanism is proposed.


Detecting SPIT (Spam over Internet Telephony) is an urgent demand with growing voice communication services. Chaisamran et al. proposed a trust-based SPIT detection scheme and it is superior to other trust-based schemes since it is valid for unknown users. However, this scheme might misdetect a call from low-frequent users as SPIT gradually in time, since they seldom call and thus their social trusts get decreased with time. In this paper, we propose a two-stage SPIT detection scheme using BC (Betweenness Centrality) and social trust to decrease misdetection of a call from low-frequent users as SPIT. BC indicates user's centrality in the entire network and the value of BC against legitimate users gradually increases with time even if users seldom call, whereas it does not increase against spammers since the connection between a legitimate caller and a spammer is hardly established. As a first stage, we use BC as a feature to correctly identify a call request from a low-frequent user. Then we judge whether a call is from a legitimate caller or a spammer by using social trust. By the computer simulation, we show that our scheme improves the false positive rate while maintaining high true positive rate.


Robert S. Lopez and Irving W. Raymond once praised "La pratica della mercatura by Francesco Balducci Pegolotti as a work which holds in its field as important a place as Bede, Villehardouin, or Machiavelli in other branches of history"1. On the other hand, Armando Sapori and Fedeligo Melis, the Florentine historians and the great pioneers in the exploitation of business management records such as account books, did not highly value this genre as documents of economic history. According to them, the accounts in them are vague, inexact2. Since then, it seems that the estimation of practica di mercatura as documents of economic history has somewhat fallen. Such estimation of Sapori and Melis seems to have been based on the fact that Werner Sombart and Alfred Doren had independently asserted absurdly high transport expenditure based on this genre of documents already published at their time (see below). Those documents are "La pratica della mercatura" of Pegolotti (compiled in the 14th century)3 and of Da Uzzano (compiled in the 15th century)4, both published in 1766 in Florence by Pagnini. The former was criticized later very carefully and republished in 1936 by Allan Evans5, but the latter has not yet been criticized. Sapori and Melis found fault with the view presented by Sombart and Doren after completing their own research using business management records


ABSTRACT In this work, we introduce a self-adaptive algorithm, based on viscosity approximation methods, to solve split common fixed point problems of demicontractive operators in real Hilbert spaces. Besides, the strong convergence theorem for the algorithm is established under some additional assumptions. On top of that, numerical results on image restoration problems are given. It shows that our proposed algorithm is efficient and outperforms the other algorithms for this experiment.


Reductive methylation (the Eschweiler-Clarke reaction) was used as a route for the synthesis of differently deuterium labelled variants of trimethylamine with the ultimate aim of preparing labelled variants of choline and acetylcholine. Combinations of unlabelled and labelled formaldehyde and formic acid yielded symmetrically labelled trimethylamines of high isotopic purity. The labelled congeners to acetylcholine and choline that were prepared subsequently provide suitable internal standards and tracers to be used in mass spectral analysis and in the evaluation of the pharmacokinetics of the parent compounds.


Because of the existence of the local pressure drop,the Liquefied Petroleum Gas(LPG) from manifold to other pipes will generate the phenomenon of the cavitations and will generate the tiny bubbles.When the bubbles break,these bubbles will form the maximal impact of pressure and micro jet.And it will form the cavitations and damage the denudation of the pipeline extremely.A numerical simulation on through the various affecting factors of the cavitations for liquefied petroleum gas(LPG) the tubes was conducted.The results of the simulation showed that,under the external conditions which would remain unchanged,with the increase of the pressure drop in pipes,the turbulent kinetic energy in the weld seams would become stronger,the numbers of the cavitations would become weaker,the scope of the cavitations would become wide,and the effect of the cavitations would be stronger.The larger diameter of the pipe was,the greater the intensity of the cavitations wass,and the smaller the number of the cavitations would be,the higher the ratio of the including gas would be.The results of the simulation agreed with the actual coudition,it would be able to provide certain theoretical guidance for maintenance of manifolds.


The Uranium Recovery Plant, over the life of the operation, will be required to attain maximum recovery of stored uranium and to produce aqueous waste in a volume equivalent to the volume of stored uranium waste which, after acidification, constitutes the feed stream for the process. Due to variations in the composition of the feed stream, the waste stream does not consistently have a volume equivalent to the volume of the stored metal waste. This variation volume equivalence impedes tank farm scheduling because of the necessity for return of the process waste to underground tanks made available by the recovery operations. A plant test, using nickel ferricyanide to remove Cs-137 and Sr-90 from the Uranium Recovery Plant wastes has been completed and this memorandum has been prepared to summarize and report the results obtained from this test.


Background and Rationale: Stem cell transplantation using alternative sources of stem cells from haploidentical relatives is an established therapy for high risk leukemia patients who lack a matched related or unrelated donor. Although efforts have been made to improve the engraftment rate in haploidentical stem cell transplantation, approximately 10–20% of these patients fail to achieve primary engraftment. The causes for this higher rate of graft failure are currently unknown. We hypothesized that anti-HLA antibodies directed against donor specific antigens (DSA) are a possible cause for graft failure in such patients. Materials and Methods: Twenty-two consecutive patients who received a T-cell depleted haploidentical graft at our institution after 9/2005 were evaluated prospectively for presence of DSA. The patients received a conditioning regimen consisting of fludarabine, melphalan and thiotepa previously described, and megadoses of CD34+ cells. The presence of antibodies against DSA was determined by testing the patients' sera with a panel of fluorescent beads coated with single HLA antigen preparations using a Luminex™ platform; results were interpreted as fluorescence intensity (FI) against DSA mismatch. FI less then 500 was considered negative, while positive FI ranging 500–1500, 1500–3000 and >3000 were classified as weak, intermediate and strong, respectively. HLA A, B, C, DRB1, DRB3/4/5, DQB1 and DPB1 were typed by high resolution methods. Results: Of the 22 treated patients, 6 experienced primary graft failure (PGF). Five of these patients, all females with median age 39 years (range 26–50), were identified to have intermediate or strong FI anti DSA. The anti-HLA antibodies identified were directed against both HLA class I and II antigens, most commonly anti-HLA DRB1 (Table 1). After the first patient was identified to have graft failure in the presence of DSA, treatment with rituximab and plasma exchange was initiated in an attempt to decrease DSA titers and achieve engraftment. Subsequently, four patients were treated in this fashion, two of which had a significant decrease in antibody titers and achieved engraftment. The remaining 2 patients experienced also PGF. All 3 patients who had PGF underwent a second transplant from the same donors. In one of these patients who experienced two graft losses, the DSA was strong before the first transplant decreased significantly a few days after transplantation and returned to the intermediate FI range before the second transplant. Overall, 4 of 6 (67%) haploidentical transplants performed in the in the presence of DSA, and 4 of 4 (100%) transplants performed in patients with moderate to high DSA titers failed to achieve engraftment. Rituximab and plasma exchange appeared to decrease the DSA in 2 of 4 patients with moderate titers, enough to allow engraftment (Table 1). No significant differences were found in the number of CD34+ cells infused, number of allele mismatched, and number of bone marrow blasts present at the time of transplant between the PGF and the control group. The fact that all patients with DSA were females prompted a review of the pregnancy history. The median number of pregnancies was 3 in the PGF group (N=5) as compared with 0 in the control group (N=6) (P=0.1). In addition, a review of the transfusion history to explain a possible alloimmunization at least in one patient without prior pregnancies, identified a median of 37 units (range 17–65) transfused in the PGF group (N=5) as compared with 15 the control group (range 4–38) (N=16) (P=0.007). Conclusion: Donor specific anti-HLA antibodies appear to play an important role in preventing engraftment in patients receiving a (T-cell depleted) haploidentical stem cell transplant. Figure 1. Relationship between HLA antibody titers and engraftment in 5 patients who received a total of eight haploidentical transplants at MDACC.


It is difficult to imagine that a Royal Institute of Physics would organize an annual lecture series on the theme 'conceptions of physics'. Similarly, it is quite improbable that a Royal Institute of Astronomy would even contemplate inviting speakers for a lecture series called 'conceptions of astronomy'. What, then, is so special about philosophy that the theme of this lecture series does not appear to be altogether outlandish? Is it, perhaps, that philosophy is the reflective discipline par excellence, so that the very nature of philosophy is a topic that belongs to its domain of investigations? Or is there something more serious at issue? Let me first tell you how the question concerning the nature of philosophy arose for me as a young student, and how I tried to answer it, quite naively, by endorsing Edmund Husserl's programme of turning philosophy into a rigorous science. In a second section, I shall offer three diagnoses of the fact that all such attempts seem to have failed. Finally, I'd like to say a few words on my own research agenda in philosophy and on a public function of philosophers.


BOTH THE QUEEN and Harriet Harman sent a telegram to my grandmother on her 100th birthday. But it would have been more useful if someone had sent us information about the realities of caring for elderly people - 15 years ago.


CF3-CF-CF-O-CF (CF)-CF-O-ICF (CF)-COF where n is the number of -CF (CF)-CF-O-units in the molecule and n--2 is the degree of polymerization. In accordance with the present invention, the polymeri Zation of hexafluoropropylene epoxide is carried out by a process which comprises contacting hexafluoropropylene epoxide at a temperature of -80 to --50° C. with a catalyst/diluent system selected from the group consist ing of:


Grass's Tulla Pokriefke from "Katz und Maus" und "Hundejahre" is like Oskar Matzerath an immortal character, and that in a double sense: She is one of Grass's most fascinating figures, appearing in several of his works from 1959 to 2002, and she has the immortylity of a demon. In "Katz und Maus", more explicitly in "Hundejahre", Grass portrays her as a mermaid and nymphet and invents for her a seven days' descent into Hades during which the young girl, mourning for her drowned brother Konrad, acquires lethal qualities. Instead of having Tulla drowned in the "Gustloff"- catastrophy, as is rumoured in "Die Rattin". Grass, while writing "Im Krebsgang", decides to let her survive and turn the letal demon of his early writings into the herald of the biggest manmade catastrophe in naval history. So Tulla passes on her hatred of world and mankind to her grandson Konrad, thus prolonging forever the chain of evil which started with Adam's fall.


BACKGROUND
The capillary microsampling technique was scaled down to enable repeated PK sampling of blood, plasma and serum from mice for the determination of the 14-kDa protein α-synuclein using the Gyrolab™ immunoassay platform.

RESULTS
4-µl plasma, serum or blood samples were taken from 36 mice, in total 648 samples were successfully collected and analyzed. Following intravenous administration of human α-synuclein to mice, the elimination of α-synuclein was rapid, with a half-life in plasma of 1.1 h. High endogenous levels in red blood cells in combination with some hemolysis led to a challenge in the evaluation of α-synuclein exposure in plasma and serum.

CONCLUSION
The small sample volumes and flexibility in choice of liquid matrices using the capillary microsampling technique enable repeated sampling in mouse studies, as well as multi-matrix analysis if needed. Liquid microsampling is well suited for micro- and nano-liter scale immunoassays.


Insulin-like growth factor I (somatomedin C or mature IGF-I) is an anabolic factor and its overexpression in skeletal muscle promotes muscle mass. Today, a paracrine loop of IGF-mediated cell signaling is seen as the default mechanism for control of muscle mass ([14][1], [34][2]). Concern on this


To develop guidelines for conducting statistically valid clinical n-of-1 (single-subject) trials, we compared actual clinical decisions with statistically based decisions about treatment efficacy. A series of n-of-1 trials involving methylphenidate (MPH) and placebo were conducted for clinical purposes on 11 hospitalized children and adolescents with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The original clinical data were retrospectively analyzed using standard statistical methods for n-of-1 trial data. Statistically based decisions were compared to decisions made by five child psychiatrists after inspection of the clinical data in two types of graphic display. In this study, clinicians' treatment decisions appeared to be based on the size of treatment effects rather than on statistical significance. Clinicians' decisions were frequently made in response to statistical artifacts before the collection of sufficient data to permit a sound decision. Data interpretation by graphic inspection resulted ...


()()+1.2 mol% ceramics doped with iron oxide () were prepared by a conventional mixed oxide method. And then, their piezoelectric and dielectric properties were investigated as a function of addition. X-ray diffraction studies reveal that diffuses into the NKN lattices to form a solid solution with a pure perovskite structure at room temperature. At the sintering temperature of , when 0.2 mol% was doped, the piezoelectric constant (), electromechanical coupling factor (Kp), and mechanical quality factor () showed the excellent values of 131.67 pC/N, 0.436, and 696.36, respectively. Results show that deped ()()+1.2 mol% lead-free piezoelectric ceramics are a promising lead free material for piezoelectric transformer applications.


In order to reduce the aviation emission and noise pollution in the terminal area, in this paper, we considered constraints including obstacles, restricted areas, and flight performance, and used the minimization of the impact of aviation air and noise pollution as the optimization goal. We established a terminal arrival route optimization model for emission and noise abatement, designed a non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm with an elite strategy, and performed case verification by using actual operation data of the Shanghai terminal area. The calculation results showed that, by using the optimized terminal arrival routes, the emissions of NOX, HC, and CO were reduced by 31.4%, 29.5%, and 30.2%The population affected by noise over 65 dB from terminal arrival routes decreased from 444,200 to 227,000, a decrease of 48.7%. At the same time, the total fuel consumption were decreased by 31.4%. Therefore, the optimization model effectively reduced the impact of terminal aircraft operation on the environment.


This well maintained holiday complex offers accommodation which is situated in a quieter area of Paphos. With a wide range of activities, including two swimming pools, this popular hotel is ideal for families and couples.Outside games area with pool table..


On-board data of detected vehicles play a critical role in the management of urban road traffic operation and the estimation of traffic status. Unfortunately, due to limitations of technology and privacy issues, the sampling frequency of the detected vehicle data is low and the coverage is also limited. Continuous vehicle trajectories cannot be obtained. To overcome the above problems, this paper proposes an unscented Kalman filter (UKF)-based method to reconstruct the trajectories at signalized intersections using sparse probe data of vehicles. We first divide the intersection into multiple road sections and use a quadratic programming problem to estimate the travel time of each section. The weight of each initial possible trajectory is calculated separately, and the trajectory is updated using the unscented Kalman filter (UKF); then, the trajectory between two updates is also obtained accordingly. Finally, the method is applied to the actual scenario provided by the NGSIM data and compared with the real trajectory. The mean absolute error (MAE) is adopted to evaluate the accuracy of the proposed trajectory reconstruction. Sensitivity analysis is provided in order to provide the requirement of sampling frequency to obtain highly accurate reconstructed vehicle trajectories under this method. The results demonstrate the applicability of the technique to the signalized intersection. Therefore, the method enables us to obtain richer and more accurate trajectory data information, providing a strong prior basis for future urban road traffic management and scholars using trajectory data for various studies.


Battery packs in Electric Vehicles (EVs) need highly accurate measurement and controlling equipment for safer operation. However, the cost and lifetime of this equipment must be balanced so that customers can afford EVs. One major challenge in designing a battery pack is the reduced lifetime. As battery packs are placed in EVs in a fixed and closed manner and other than during maintenance the pack is not opened, it becomes difficult to ensure an extended lifetime by manufacturers. In this paper, an intelligent controller for a battery pack with Li-Ion 18650 cells in EV has been developed to increase the lifetime of battery cells. Sensing and Switching Circuits (SSC) as a part of the Battery Management System (BMS) have been redesigned and implemented. The concept of reserve cells in the battery pack has been introduced. An experimental demonstration has been done for the validation of the proposed concept and is discussed in the paper.


Based on the analysis of network structure of supervision and control system for power and environment, this article introduces the application example of supervision and control system for power and envivonment in local network in Guiyang telecom branch.


To investigate the reactivity of monoclonal anti–citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA) obtained from peripheral blood B cells of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients with human autoantigens as well as environmental proteins by determining the essential epitope for the ACPA.


Organic agriculture is increasingly of interest. The first organic farm in the Netherlands was established 70 years ago. Since then, the practice of this type of agriculture has grown. Although still relatively small scale, organic farming has a potential that is recognized in practice, in agricultural policies, and by the public.


Ross, HILDY S., and KILLEY, JANET C. The Effect of Questioning on Retention. CHILD DEVELOPMENT, 1977, 48, 312-314. 30 fourth-grade children were exposed in pairs to a series of slides and invited to take turns asking questions. Each child's questions were answered. Retention was significantly better for information acquired through the child's own questions, as opposed to information acquired through his partner's questions. The children also asked significantly more questions related to their own rather than their partners' previous questions. A second study replicated this phenomenon with 24 children while eliminating the possibility that it was due to turn alternation and a concern with the generation of the next question.


To provide a better programming experience, live programming environments allow changes to the code of running programs. These changes are usually made by editing the source code. In this paper, we introduce live programming by example which enables updates to the code by direct manipulation of the program's user interface. Besides a formal definition of live programming by example, we also present a concrete prototype implementation for JavaScript that enables the programmer to change string literals in the source code by direct manipulation of the HTML output based on a dynamic string origin analysis. While this prototype only supports light-weight synthesis, future live program synthesis algorithms could support a wider range of program edits.


The biological characteristics of farm animals depend on their species and breed differences, but at the same time they are subject to certain variability due to individual heredity. In this regard, from the number of first-calf cows (daughters of different bulls) eight groups of the same age cows were organized and examined. In addition, a group of 65 animals was formed to assess the exterior by the method of random sampling without taking into account their heredity. The current research is aimed to evaluate the first-calf cows in the following options: milk productivity, functional properties of the udder, body type and the main disadvantages of the exterior. As a result of the analysis, Alta Genetics cows showed the best milk productivity among other breeds. The cows of Alta Gost and Alta Samuari breeds turned out to have the best indicators for a number of economically useful traits. The AltaGost cows were characterized by the best milk yield. When assessing the exterior features and constitution, it was found that the greatest number of conformation defects is associated with the limbs: close hocks (35%); wide interdigital cleft (71%); narrow hoof (22%). Nevertheless, a visual assessment of a complex of features allows to refer all the examined cows to a good body type.


With finals looming, you would expect students in their last year of medical school to be revising hard and meeting up for the occasional last orders at the hospital social club. The one thing at the forefront of our minds should, as in previous years, be the exams that we have been working towards all our academic lives. However, the subject most talked about at attachments is jobs. Not surprising, you may think. But what is surprising is that not only do we talk, we also speculate and repeat rumours that we have heard while wondering if we will be able to work in England.

Final year students must apply for jobs through the Multi-Deanery Application

The noble aim behind MDAP—to move medicine away from its image as an old boys' network—has created a completely new set of tribulations

Process (MDAP). Online, they must answer a series of questions on topics ranging from academic performance and personal achievements to the qualities of a good doctor. But each question must be answered in just 75 words. Students are not called to interview, but ranked depending on their application form score (out of 48). In this year's first round, thousands applied, each selecting their top 40 jobs. Many obtained identical scores, leaving some students who applied for the more popular jobs unplaced.

Understandably, most students apply for jobs at the deanery where they have trained—so it's bad luck if you trained in London. Jobs in the capital are oversub-scribed now with equal opportunity laws giving any European Union applicant the same chance of employment. Royal Free and University College Medical School (RUMS) students seemed to come out the worst, making up 87 of the approximately 600 students without jobs. This has been put down to "RUMS-centric jobs" being among the most highly prized, such as those at the newly opened and publicity friendly University College Hospital.

In a letter to the Times newspaper on 4 March a group of leading medical professors protested against the application method. An adjoining article focused on how a few doctors allocated by this system last year were not able to fulfil their duties, detracting from the amazing achievement of those students who did obtain a job through this ridiculous system.

Last year, when a similar system was in place, some less popular hospitals had burnt fingers after employing large numbers of overseas graduates, who tended to have lower application form scores. As a result, some doctors fell below required language and clinical experience requirements and hospitals had to employ locums to supervise their work. Consequently, many UK students with impeccable medical school records now face further interviews to check their ability to speak English as well as their commitment to working in the United Kingdom, as a result of a poor score on their forms. Surely this further assessment is not required of a student who has trained in the UK and passed their finals?

It was recently discovered that if you simply added the word "admin" to the MDAP web address you could access the internal administration pages. Word spread rapidly as his or her references—easily accessible, changeable, and not even requiring a password to do so. And now, as some of my fellow students talk to employment lawyers about the validity of the application process, others speak to the press, in the hope that public embarrassment will push MDAP to improve its system.

I never thought I'd say this, but at this point in the year I'd rather be revising pathology than reapplying. But it is difficult for students to focus on revision when we have lost all faith in MDAP. We are taught communication skills and told to respect patients, yet we are shown little respect ourselves when it comes to obtaining information about our futures. On some of my attachments, not a single student has a job. What if we do not get a job in round two? What will happen in the clearing process that follows this stage? We can ask the administration, but the fact is, no one knows. This is not something that has yet been decided.

You can find numerous faults with the system, most of which we are resigned to accept. For example, we can't find out about the jobs that we are applying to, meet the teams we will be working with at interview, or, in many cases, visit the hospitals or even areas that we are now choosing to live and work in for a year. The noble aim behind MDAP—to move medicine away from its image as an old boys' network—has created a completely new set of tribulations for medical students.


Interpretation of the results of a gauge repeatability and reproducibility (R&R) study relies on two key metrics - the combined gauge R&R as a percent of specification and the discrimination ratio. These metrics are useful in terms of the rules of thumb..


It is known that matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‐11 has a role in tumour development and progression, and also that immune cells can influence cancer cells to increase their proliferative and invasive properties. The aim of the present study was to propose the evaluation of MMP11 expression by intratumoral mononuclear inflammatory cells (MICs) as a useful biological marker for breast cancer prognosis.


The popularity of multimodal large language models (MLLMs) has triggered a recent surge in research efforts dedicated to evaluating these models. Nevertheless, existing evaluation studies of MLLMs primarily focus on the comprehension and reasoning of unimodal (vision) content, neglecting performance evaluations in the domain of multimodal (vision-language) content understanding. Beyond multimodal reasoning, tasks related to multimodal content comprehension necessitate a profound understanding of multimodal contexts, achieved through the multimodal interaction to obtain a final answer. In this paper, we introduce a comprehensive assessment framework called MM-BigBench, which incorporates a diverse range of metrics to offer an extensive evaluation of the performance of various models and instructions across a wide spectrum of diverse multimodal content comprehension tasks. Consequently, our work complements research on the performance of MLLMs in multimodal comprehension tasks, achieving a more comprehensive and holistic evaluation of MLLMs. To begin, we employ the Best Performance metric to ascertain each model's performance upper bound on different datasets. Subsequently, the Mean Relative Gain metric offers an assessment of the overall performance of various models and instructions, while the Stability metric measures their sensitivity. Furthermore, previous research centers on evaluating models independently or solely assessing instructions, neglecting the adaptability between models and instructions. We propose the Adaptability metric to quantify the adaptability between models and instructions. Our paper evaluates a total of 20 language models (14 MLLMs) on 14 multimodal datasets spanning 6 tasks, with 10 instructions for each task, and derives novel insights. Our code will be released at https://github.com/declare-lab/MM-BigBench.


In this study, we examined medical records and the iris images of 16 dementia patients using an iris analysis program (Askeye Iris Analysis AI Solution). The most common feature of patients identified using the iris analysis program was a sign of pancreatic weakness in the iris (shown in 14 out of 16 patients). The discovery was significant because metabolic diseases are a major risk factor for dementia, and the pancreatic weakness sign in the iris has been linked to metabolic disorders such as diabetes. However, due to the small number of patients in this study and the lack of a control group, larger, controlled studies are needed to generalize the findings.


A new proof is given of a method whereby records of the transient vibrations of linear systems can be analysed to give the damping factor and frequency of each mode of vibration associated with the motion. The method is applicable to acceleration, velocity or displacement records, and as the amplitude of each mode can be found, by using a suitable number of pickups, the normal modes of continuous systems may also be determined. Obvious applications lie in the analysis of flight flutter test data, and of the transient responses of servomechanisms.


"Hot channel factors" are additional factors which compensate for thermal uncertainties in the design of an atomic reactor. These uncertainties arise from physical and technical peculiarities, such as the distribution of the neutron flux, its local deviations which cannot be calculated exactly in advance, the tolerances in the dimensions of the core subassemblies, material qualities which are not known exactly, the distribution of the cooling agent on the various cooling channels, and other effects. The physical proportion of the hot-channel factors is not discussed. It varies considerably from one reactor type to the next, and can be determined quite accurately in individual cases, especially by experiments. The technical factors, too, naturally depend a lot on the reactor type, or more accurately, on the type of fuel elements and cooling channels, respectively. Almost all fuel elements, however, can be traced back to the geornetry of the plate or the cylinder, so that the technical factors can be calculated in a relatively simple way. If the physical factors are then known, there are two methods for calculating the temperature at the hot spot, the product method and the statistical method. The sum of the individual dev:ations resulting from the lastmentioned method formore » calculation gives a third possible value of maximum temperature on a certain spot of the hot channel. (auth)« less


Due to the differences in the contributions of land use types to ecosystem health and human wellbeing, there is a trade-off and a coordinating relationship between ecosystem health and human wellbeing, which affects the sustainable development of a river basin. To explore the impacts of the responses of ecosystem health and human wellbeing and the combined effects under land use change, this paper, taking the Manas River Basin (MRB) as an example, evaluated the health status of the MRB by the model: Vitality (V), organization (O), resilience (R), and services (S). From a sustainability perspective, an index system of human wellbeing was constructed, which included society and the economy, health and safety, materials and resources, and ecology and the environment. On this basis, the coupling coordination relationship and sustainable development status of the basin was assessed. The results showed that as land use changed, the ecosystem health showed a downward trend, and human wellbeing grew exponentially. The sustainable development index and the coupling coordination degree of the MRB were similar, indicating that the level of balance between ecosystem health and human wellbeing was the key to the sustainable development of the basin, and the overall situation was in a state of moderate imbalance and moderate unsustainability. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out sustainable management of the whole basin.


Introduction Systems approaches in agricultural development have in recent years drawn considerable attention. The rationale as well as the advantages in improving cultural and other management practices through systems analysis, in the context of sustainable production practices with minimal inputs, have been well documented in the literature (Kropff and van Laar, 1993). Many crop-weed competition models have been developed for crops such as maize, soybeans, rice, pineapples and other field crops. Crops vary in their cultural requirements and competitiveness. Optimising crop growth under different weed scenarios with single and multispecies situations requires a thorough understanding of the complex fac-: tors that determine competitiveness between the interacting species. Competitive ability of plants vary depending on ini-. tial seed weight, earliness of emergence, relative growth rate, photosynthetic rate, plant height incremental rate, leaf angle' and water and nitrogen use efficiency. Weed-Crop competition models can be useful as a quantitative tool in understanding the competitive mechanisms between species, both under homogeneous as well as patchy weed distribution often encountered in the field. Analysis and identification of parameters that significantly influence competitive ability of, species under various scenarios that maybe readily simulated could provide useful information to breeders in their search for more efficient plant types. Validated models are also useful for predicting crop losses as well as designing improved crop management practices.


Proposed a modified BVP oscillator model based on the BVP equation,and investigated the discreted chaos behavior.Appling Matlab in numerical simulation,plotted the bifurcation diagram of the discreted model,the phase portraited with the different parameters and Lyapunov exponent diagram,the result confirmed the theoretical analysis.


The finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method is a powerful electromagnetic wave simulator. Recently, it has been extended to include lumped device and active device to provide field simulations for microwave active circuits. For active circuits, the performance of the entire circuit depends dominantly on the active device. For accurate analysis, the interaction between the active device and electromagnetic field appears to be important in the simulation. In this paper, the implementation of the equivalent current sources in the FDTD method to model the interaction of three-terminal active devices and electromagnetic fields is investigated.


Objective:To study the risk factors of elderly patients with abnormal glucose metabolism and cardiovascular disease.Methods:168 cases of elderly patients with abnormal glucose metabolism were divided into two groups,81 cases in the control group patients without cardiovascular disease,the observation group 87 cases were accompanied by varying degrees of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.To compare and analyse the clinical data of two groups.Results:The age,course of the disease and the prevalence rate of hypertension in the observation group were higher than that of the control group,the difference was significant(P0.05).Conclusion:Age,hypertension and hyperlipidemia in aged patients with abnormal glucose metabolism occur cardio-cerebral vascular disease are independent risk factors,to control the risk factors,to prevent patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.


Assessing the mechanical stability of soils used as heat storage media is vital in the design and wellbeing of sensible heat storage systems, which are typically designed below ground level or as part of the sub-structure of buildings with load bearing capabilities and subjected to frequent water table fluctuations. Nevertheless, considering the importance that moisture and temperature factors have in building a mechanically sound heat storage media, a careful study of such effects has not been given adequate attention in past studies. On this basis, the mechanical performance of two heat storage sandy soils at different moisture contents and temperature conditions is studied in this research. The results show a significant dependence of the mechanical behavior of the investigated soils on moisture content and temperature, which when unaccounted for can result in the inaccurate design of the overall storage system.


In the present investigation, cultivation of pearl millet and cluster bean under neem tree plantation was undertaken at Western Regional Research Station, ICAR-IGFRI, Avikanagar. A field experiment was laid out in RBD in which one year old saplings of ten promising neem strains in 6 × 6 m plant geometry were planted. The inter spaces of plantation were used for growing of pearl millet and cluster bean during kharif 2011–13. Significant difference among the neem strains were observed for growth parameters viz., tree height, stem diameter, number of primary branches, width of leaflet and leaf biomass production. Strain-5 showed better performance for growth parameters. Average per year growth rate of strain-5 as compared to local strain for tree height was 1.43 and 1.07 m, for DBH 3.77 and 3.10 cm, for leaf biomass production 18.6 and 15.0 kg/tree, respectively. Fodder and grain yield of pearl millet and cluster bean under neem trees decreased significantly at the age of 5 years irrespective of neem strains as compared to control (crops without neem trees). Study indicated that there was sufficient genetic variability among neem strains for selection and improvement. But planting of neem trees in 6 × 6 m geometry was not sufficient for cultivation of the pearl millet and cluster bean crops beyond 5 years age of plants.


lightweight concrete is concrete that has a lighter weight than concrete in general. The weight of lightweight concrete is less than 1800 kg / m³, the advantages of lightweight concrete are mainly the weight of the concrete so that when used in high-rise buildings can significantly reduce the building's own weight, which in turn has an impact on the calculation of the foundation. In this study, using added ingredients foam agent with a variation of 10%, 12.5%, and 15% with a fc plan of 16.9 MPa. This test includes slump test, concrete specific gravity and concrete compressive strength. To find out the compressive strength of concrete, a concrete compressive strength test was performed on each mixture composition at the age of 3, 7, 21 and 28 days with a 5cmx5cmx5cm cube specimen, using SNI 03-6825-2002 method.


The technology we used in this project was once a dream dreamt by several people, wondering whether they could bring their imagination into reality. This report gives us detailed information about using a three-dimensional printer to create an object. The method we have used here is FDM(Fused Deposition Modelling).


In the maritime environment, tracking underwater target is a very challenging task. The desire is to track the target in underwater without knowing the range measurements. Modified Gain Angles-only Extended Kalman Filter (MGAEKF) and Unscented Angles-only Kalman Filter (UAKF) are non-linear filters used to estimate the position of target and reduce noises in the measurements. The aim is to analyze the performance of both filters by utilizing bearing and elevation measurements. Observer performs S-Maneuver for better observability of target. This work distinguishes the UAKF algorithm from MGAEKF algorithm in terms of accurately tracking target in underwater.


This research has two aims, they are (1) to describe comissive speech act of children to their parents in Javanese, (2) To describe the politeness of utterance between children and their parents in Javanese. The type of this research isdiscriptive qualitative. The strategy in this research uses content analysis. The resourch of the data in this research is The researcher used intervieiew, observation and documentation to collect the data. The different social background also used for analyze the form of comissive speech acts. The observations done to deepen social context as well as that behind of speech act. While the photographs of the child and parents when they were communicating, are used to indentify the comissive utterance. Kind of comissive atterance isintending,promissing, swearing, threatening and vowed. The result shows that comissive utterance between children and parents can beformedwords and context thatstated comissive. Based on the results and discussion, the researchers founds that conversation between children and perents in Javanese there are commissive speech acts. There are 28 data of intending, 5 data of promissing, one dantum of swearing, 2 data of threatening and 2 data of vowed.


. For the spaces ϕ ( X 0 ,X 1 ) p 0 ,p 1 , which generalize the spaces of means introduced by Lions and Peetre to the case of functional parameters, necessary and sufficient conditions are found for embedding when all parameters (the function ϕ and the numbers 1 ≤ p 0 , p 1 ≤ ∞ ) vary. The proof involves a description of generalized Lions–Peetre spaces in terms of orbits and co-orbits of von Neumann–Schatten ideals (including quasinormed ideals).


The article describes issues related to both technological and economic aspects of the functioning of cryptography, which are important in terms of economic security. The author analyzes the process of the emergence of cryptographic literature, proving that it is a logical link in a rather long process of development of the so-called electronic money. Incidentally, Ukrainian scientists (in particular, prof. V. Glushkov) were involved in this development, but for various reasons they failed to implement their workings out.
With regard to security aspects, first and foremost, attention is paid to the speculative nature of operations, which leads to a sharp increase in the price of cryptocurrency (in the first place, bitcoin) and the emergence of a regular "financial bubble" in the market. This, in turn, greatly exacerbates the risks that may lead to a new financial crisis. Also, significant risks arise from the possibility of using cryptocurrency as a tool for money laundering, illegal capital flight, corruption, etc. As the main threat, it is indicated to undermine the monetary sovereignty of the state in cases where cryptocurrencies begin to claim the status of legal tender. This is precisely due to the cautious attitude of central banks towards this new phenomenon.
At the same time, the author proceeds from the fact that in general, the latest technological developments, which underlie the cryptocurrency, are progressive achievements and will not have any meaning in the future. In particular, he points out the possibility of using blockchain technology to improve the money issue mechanism of central banks, which will increase the level of transparency of money circulation.
These issues are considered in the global context (taking into account the point of view of leading Western experts and international financial organizations), but in the same time within linking to the realities of the Ukrainian economy and the problems of Ukraine's national economic security.


The regenerative capacity of young mdx muscle after a denervating and devascularizing injury (DD) was examined in extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and compared with that of age‐matched control mouse EDL. DD of the right EDL was produced at the age approximating the onset of dystrophy in the mdx model, and mice recovered for 2 weeks. Contralateral unoperated EDLs from mdx and control mice served as internal controls for histopathology, myofiber cross‐sectional area (CSA), and ultrastructure of fiber regeneration in DD‐EDL. Mdx DD‐EDL were composed of small, uniformly mature myofibers with mostly peripheral nuclei. This contrasted with control DD‐EDL in which fibers were centrally nucleated. In addition, the unoperated mdx EDL exhibited the central nucleation of spontaneous recovery from dystrophy. The CSA distribution of mdx DD‐EDL myofibers was significantly shifted toward smaller CSA compared with unoperated mdx EDL, although mean CSA did not differ between the two mdx muscle groups. The CSA distribution of control DD‐EDL was significantly different and shifted toward smaller CSA from both unoperated control EDL and from mdx DD‐EDL distributions. Ultrastructural features of dystrophy were present in both mdx DD‐EDL and in the unoperated mdx EDL, although they appeared more prevalent in the latter. These results suggest that short‐term plasticity of mdx muscle recovery from imposed injury may be greater than that of normal muscle in establishing a regenerating fiber population.


CD36 is a fatty acid transporter expressed in various tissues including adipose, heart, and skeletal muscle tissues. The elevated fasting triglyceride levels,intermediate-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, and postprandial hyperlipidemia observed in human CD36 deficiency have been suggested as being due to abnormal fatty acid metabolism and insulin resistance (1,2). Lipid abnormalities and insulin resistance in CD36 deficiency are atherogenic; however, the association between CD36 deficiency and atherosclerosis …


Natural abundant isotopes of carbon and nitrogen are frequently used to elucidate food webs and trace energy flows in aquatic ecosystems. Seasonal events such as leaf fall and algal blooms can infl ...


This paper discusses relative merits of three types of air filtration systems used by Sui Northern Gas Pipelines Ltd. (Pakistan), on its gas turbine compressor packages. These Filtration systems are: (i) Two stage inertial plus auto oil bath type multi-duty filters by AAF used on Saturn Mark-1 packages manufactured by Solar Turbines Inc. (ii) Three stage high efficiency barrier filters by AAF used on Centaur packages by Solar. (iii) Single stage pulse-jet self-cleaning filter by Donaldson again used on a Centaur package. The selection is primarily based in package performance data collected over a 15 month period analyzing power loss due to fouling effects and related operation and maintenance costs for the three systems. The Company's operating experience indicates that on new installations the pulse clean system offers the best advantage both in terms of filtration costs as well as availability of additional horse power when operating under moderate to severe environmental conditions.


An arrangement for monitoring a battery condition and a battery sensor (30) are presented. The battery sensor (30) is designed to detect a battery condition (34). A control device is designed to carry out energy management. A battery manager (36) is additionally implemented separately from the energy management.


Abstract Performance ethnography provides exciting possibilities for engaging new audiences in research. This paper argues that some performance ethnographers have underestimated the importance of the theatrical/performance aesthetic in their conceptions of the area. Verbatim theatre has decades of experience staging research for diverse audiences and has aesthetic insights that could support the development of performance ethnography. This paper presents some of that theatrical expertise from two verbatim theatre practitioners. The paper argues that partnerships between verbatim theatre practitioners and performance ethnography researchers have the potential to create productive and innovative research partnerships.


Sorghum is one of the five most important cereal crops  in the world, due to its multi-beneficial usages and wide adaptability, so it has the high potential to be developed. One of the current efforts to develop sorghum is through a modern technique, molecular-based. Thus, in vitro culture is an indispensable basic technique, especially in the callus formation process. In addition to commercial synthetic chemicals, various organic materials found in nature have the potential to be used as PGR in initiating callus formation, one of which is honey. This study aims to obtain the optimum concentration of honey as a substituent of sorghum callus induction medium. The research design used a completely randomized design with one factor (honey concentration), which consisted of 5 dffrent levels (0, 5, 15, 25 and 35 gL-1). Observation variables consisted of callus formed (hsi), percentage of callus formation (%) and callus morphology. Data were analyzed using the F variance test and DMRT test at the 5% level. The test results of this study indicate that the two variables are significantly different. The fastest callus formation was in the M0 medium (0 gL-1.), while in the percentage of callus formation. The best results were in the M4 honey treatment (35 gL-1) of 77.78%. Thus it can be seen that the administration of honey as a substituent of in vitro culture media can help increase the success of sorghum callus formation.


The preparation of baby Hami melon chili sauce involves material selection,blanching,crushing,frying and seasoning.In this study,the crispness preservation as a key process control point was optimized using response surface methodology based on a three-variable,three-level central composite design.A crispness value of 15.449 mJ was obtained under the optimized conditions: 33% of water content in Hami melon,0.19 g/100 mL of CaCl2 concentration,17 min of soaking time.Meanwhile,the optimal sterilization condition was determined to be 1400 W and 2 min.


Abstract : Unsteady interactions of a moving vortex with a stationary airfoil have been calculated using three different numerical methods based on the thin layer Navier-Stokes, Euler and transonic small-disturbance (TSD) equations. All three methods use a perturbation-form of an implicit numerical algorithm. Results are presented for both subsonic and transonic flow conditions and for weak and strong interactions. Results from these methods and from the other available numerical methods show qualitatively similar behavior for weak interactions. However, the stronger interactions considered proved to be beyond the capabilities of the transonic small-disturbance codes. In general, the results show a tremendous influence of the vortex on the flow field around the airfoil. The most dramatic results of the interaction seem to occur when the convecting vortex is within one chord of the airfoil. Even the weak interactions produced vortex/shock induced boundary-layer separation.


1 ] Although a few DDSs such as inorganic gold nanoparticles and magnetic nanoparticles can be tracked by their inherent signals in a non-invasive way, it is still diffi cult to monitor DDSs directly in real time. Generally, appropriate imaging probes are utilized to visualize the DDSs for under-standing the bio-distribution, pharmacokinetics, pharmacody-namics and action of the carriers.


The invention discloses a method for improving seriously saline-alkali land of an oasis area and planting a high-quality lawn, which relates to a soil improving method and the technical field of lawn planting. The method for improving seriously saline-alkali land of the oasis area and planting a high-quality lawn comprises 1 to 18 steps. The method disclosed by the invention has the advantages offast desalination, no salt accumulation in the surface soil, soil fertility improvement, water conservation, high salt absorbing efficiency of plants, and the like.


The most popular and traditional method for measuring sound insulation of partitions, as described in ISO 10140, is performed through a sound level meter with a broad band random excitation signal. Additionally, the reverberation time in the receiving room must be measured, frequently through the interrupted noise method. However, alternative ways for evaluating the sound pressure level in source and receiving rooms, and for measuring the reverberation time, are available for decades. Some of these alternatives are based on the measurement of transfer functions through correlation or deconvolution techniques, which supposedly lead to more precise results. This paper presents the foundations for using a deconvolution technique in such a context, and comparisons from experiments performed with the traditional and the deconvolution technique. Such experiments were designed to introduce different background noise conditions and the presence of air flow (which should violate the system's invariant condition for using the deconvolution technique). Results show that the uncertainties associated with the alternative method tend to be slightly lower than those observed from measurements performed with the traditional method. Comparison from a repeatability investigation shows that the alternative method is significantly more precise than the traditional one in regard to this aspect.


Let $\Omega$ be a perfectly normal topological space, let $A$ be a non-empty $G_\delta$-subset of $\Omega$ and let $B_1(A)$ denote the space of all functions $A\to\mathbb{R}$ of Baire-one class on $A$. Let also $\|\cdot\|_\infty$ be the supremum norm. The symbol $\chi_A$ stands for the characteristic function of $A$. We prove that for every bounded function $f\in B_1(A)$ there is a sequence $(H_n)$ of both $F_\sigma$- and $G_\delta$-subsets of $\Omega$ such that the function $\overline{f}\colon\Omega\to\mathbb{R}$ given by the uniformly convergent series on $\Omega$ with the formula: $\overline{f}:=c\sum_{n=0}^\infty\left(\frac{2}{3}\right)^{n+1}\left(\frac{1}{2}-\chi_{H_n}\right)$ extends $f$ with $\overline{f}\in B_1(\Omega)$ and the condition ($\triangle$) of the form: $\|f(A)\|_\infty=\|\overline{f}(\Omega)\|_\infty$. We apply the above series to obtain an extension of $f$ positive to $\overline{f}$ positive with the condition ($\triangle$). A similar technique allows us to obtain an extension of Baire-alpha function on $A$ to Baire-alpha function on $\Omega$.


Key points • Early PEG-asparaginase discontinuation is common in young adults with ALL treated with pediatric-inspired regimens• Early PEG-asparaginase discontinuation may lead to inferior survival in young adults with standard-risk ALL


It has been widely accepted that regardless of cultural and linguistic background, a common concern among adult language learners is not having direct control over their own learning. This concern has been further emphasised by research that has considered not only the inherent benefits associated with independent learning, but also the value of student-centred evaluation. The implications of student-centred learning and evaluation in the second or foreign language context have been researched and reported in numerous studies (e.g. Candy 1989; Esch 1994; Nunan 1994). In each case, varying degrees of student empowerment were achieved through the establishment of a sense of personal ownership among learners. It was based upon this assumption that our study was carried out and implemented among postgraduate students at the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology.


The acoustic emission signal is wavelet transformed to remove the noises and then dealt with Butterworth filter.It is compared with a threshold voltage to find the maximum as the first peak.The time that the sensor reaches the peak is then taken as the point to position the fault.The experimental results show that the method can effectively check the noises and the position accuracy is higher than that of the Gabor method.


key findings of this paper. Over the next decade or so, dairy producers throughout the world will adopt new production systems, management practices and business relationships in response to growing competition for expanding food markets – as incomes, population and urbanization increase. Moreover, dairy producers along with the firms in the dairy supply chain must make these changes in ways that improve the nutritional value of dairy products as well as reduce the impact of dairy production on environmental quality. This is a tall order, but one that can be addressed, in part, by developing and adopting production systems that significantly increase the efficiency of feed conversion by dairy cows. Feed efficiency is not a well-established performance measure in the dairy industry – particularly in the United States. For the most part, the dairy industry has focused on increasing output per cow and herd size – in response to high capital costs and cheap feed. No longer. Delivered feed efficiency will be the key determinant to achieving the dual goals of increased output and reduced environmental impact. As a consequence, the dairy industry must develop and adopt innovative production systems that capture the inherent productivity of the dairy cow and the resource base that supports her.


Antigen-specific peptide immunotherapy is a booming treatment strategy for autoimmune diseases and designs to restore immune tolerance against self-antigens. Published research findings and our previous study using peptides derived from type II collagen with chemical modification such as glycosylation and fructosylation as therapeutics showed promising outcomes in the reduction of arthritis progression[1,2]. However, the optimal choice of peptide doses in the rheumatoid arthritis (RA) murine model and its therapeutic effect on human samples still awaits to be investigated.The present study further investigated the optimal dose and therapeutic potential of our novel collagen-derived peptide P90578 in the arthritis murine model and RA patient serum samples.Male 8-week-old DBA/1 mice were immunized s.c. at the base of the tail with 0.1 mg bovine collagen II and s.c. at the left flank with 0.2 mg human fibrinogen, each of which was separately emulsified in a 1:1 ratio with complete Freund ́s adjuvant. On day 21 after the immunization, mice were boosted with 0.2 mg human fibrinogen in incomplete Freund ́s Adjuvant s.c. at the left flank. Peptide P90578 or NaCl was intraperitoneally administered three times weekly at 3-day intervals starting on days 7, 24, and 42. Hind paws of the mice were examined for macro-anatomical pathology. Right hind paws of the mice were prepared post mortem and fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde, and embedded in OCT compound. Sagittal sections of 7 μm were cut with an interval of 500 μm and stained with H&E using standard protocols. A histological score was determined based on microscopically pathologic changes of the ankle and tarsal joints. Antibody level against assayed peptides was measured in the serum collected on days 0, 14, 35 and 56 by ELISA assay. Competitive ELISA assays were done by pre-incubation of 10 mg peptide P90578 with sera from RA diseased mice (day 56) and RA patients. Then, the mixture of peptide P90578 and sera was cultured in the plates coated with each of the assayed peptides.We administered peptide P90578 at a concentration of 1mg/kg, 3mg/kg or 5mg/kg to the arthritic mice. Among the three test groups, the dose of 5mg/kg P90578 revealed the most optimal outcome on arthritis treatment with a reduced severity of tarsal and carpal joint swelling and a lower mean arthritis score compared to the NaCl control (Figure 1A). Hence, we applied the dose of 5mg/kg P90578 in our following experiments. In order to confirm the observation of our findings, we then performed a detailed microscopic examination on the right hind paws. The NaCl-treated mice showed signs of inflammatory cell infiltration, cartilage & bone erosion and typical pannus formation. In contrast, the mice receiving peptide P90578 had structural intact cartilage and minimal infiltration of lymphocytes in the subchondral bone. P90578-treated mice also showed a lower histological score of the joint sections (Figure 1B). Autoantibody levels in all three measurements represented a consistent trend toward decreased antibody titers in the serum of mice treated with peptide P90578 (Figure 1C). Considering the diversity of autoantigens in RA, the cross-reactivity of peptide P90578 binding to each epitope-specific autoantibodies was determined by competitive ELISA. The recognition of autoantibodies against the measured peptide epitopes was reduced by the peptide P90578 about an average of 20% in the RA diseased mice and by approximately 10% in the sera of RA patients, in some cases even exceeding 30% (Figure 1D).Our study provides evidence showing this novel therapeutic peptide P90578 (5mg/kg) alleviated arthritic burden in the arthritis murine model. Also, autoantibody levels against CCP and peptides derived from collagen and fibrinogen were also reduced after peptide P90578 treatment. Moreover, peptide P90578 can effectively block the binding of autoantibodies in the serum from RA diseased mice and RA patients to the autoantigens.[1]Balik D.et al.J Immunol. 2006; 176 (3):1525–1533.[2]Wenhart, C.et al.Sci Rep. 2021; 11:17345.NIL.None Declared.


Quantum well states in thin metal films are strongly influenced by the electronic and geometric structure of the underlying substrate. This impedes a comparison to ab initio calculations generally based on free-standing films. Here we show that Pb films deposited on single-crystalline, epitaxial graphite are an excellent approximation to free-standing metal films. We find Pb islands of four monolayer height to be most stable, followed by other even-numbered islands, in excellent agreement with theoretical predictions for the formation of preferred island heights.


It is unable to be neglected that judicial tissue is bureaucratizing with the coming of the society ruled by law.Bureaucratization of judicial tissue and structure is the outcome of change of the judicial aim,the view of procedure value and society situation.The bureaucrat has obvious advantages as follows: improving the unification of applying to law,intensifying the supervisal to authority,making the jurisdiction withstand interference easily.On the other hand,excessively bureaucratizing will makes for many questions,such as going against the social request to judicial democracy,discouraging the trial system work normally,producing new the crisis on justice,and decreasing wholly the efficiency of judgement.Under the circumstance,to renew the traditional judicial must deepen the reform on professionalism,specialization,and standardization.On the other hand,resolves the problems following with the excessively bureaucratizing,such as democracy,hierarchy and so on.These tracks include to flat the judicial tissue,improve the democratic participation,decentralize power scientifically for sharing equally in all steps in trial system.


The echocardiographic findings from six patients with ruptured chordae tendineae from the posterial mitral valve leaflet and three with ruptured chordae from the anterior leaflet are reported; in all cases the diagnosis was later proven by open-heart surgery. The constellation of echocardiographic findings suggesting ruptured chordae tendineae to the posterior leaflet are: (1) The appearance of echoes within the left atrial chamber, representing prolapse of the posterior leaflet and flail chordae tendineae. This finding, although not consistently observed, is the most pathog-nomonic echocardiographic sign. (2) Increased amplitude of systolic excursion of the left atrial wall, in most cases associated with normal or only mildly increased left atrial diameter. (3) Recognition of thin, low-intensity (noncalcified) mitral valve leaflets. (4) The anterior leaflet may also manifest increased amplitude of motion, and may not coapt normally with the posterior leaflet in systole. (5) Increased amplitude of motion ...


Tofacitinib is an oral, small molecule JAK inhibitor for the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC). Tofacitinib induction and maintenance therapy has previously been shown to improve health-related quality of life (HRQoL) outcomes. Here, we present HRQoL data from patients (pts) with UC who received tofacitinib 5 or 10 mg twice daily (BID) in the Phase 3 open-label, long-term extension (OLE) study (OCTAVE Open; NCT01470612), up to Month (M)72.

 Proportions of pts with an Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (IBDQ) total score ≥170, and EuroQol-5D (EQ-5D) and Short Form-36 Health Survey (SF-36) scores were analysed up to M72 in 4 subpopulations in the OLE study: 'maintenance remitters' completed OCTAVE Sustain in remission and received tofacitinib 5 mg BID in the OLE study; in contrast, 'maintenance treatment failures' (induction responders who experienced treatment failure), 'maintenance non-remitters' and 'induction non-responders (IndNR)' received tofacitinib 10 mg BID in the OLE study (Figure 1). Data were analysed for each subpopulation overall and stratified by prior tumour necrosis factor inhibitor (TNFi) failure, prior immunosuppressant failure and baseline corticosteroid use.

 Baseline demographics and clinical characteristics for each subpopulation are shown in Table 1. Among the 163 maintenance remitters, HRQoL outcomes were maintained up to M72: 80.0% of pts had an IBDQ total score ≥170 (Figure 1); changes from baseline in EQ-5D scores up to M72 and SF-36 scores up to M33 were minimal (eg M72 EQ-5D utility score -0.07 [standard deviation 0.10]; M33 SF-36 physical functioning score -1.3 [8.3]). Among pts continuing long-term tofacitinib treatment, improvement in IBDQ total score was maintained/achieved by M2 (first post-baseline assessment), and was stable up to M72, with maintenance treatment failures and IndNR subpopulations experiencing the largest improvements from baseline (Figure 1). Similar trends were observed for improvement in EQ-5D and SF-36 scores. Improvements in HRQoL outcomes were independent of prior TNFi failure, prior immunosuppressant failure or baseline corticosteroid use, eg in maintenance remitters with prior TNFi failure, 90.9% of pts had IBDQ total score ≥170 at M60 vs 88.9% of pts without prior TNFi failure.

 Sustained beneficial effects in HRQoL were observed among pts continuing long-term tofacitinib treatment in OCTAVE Open. In maintenance remitters, improvements in all HRQoL outcomes were maintained with tofacitinib therapy. In pts who entered the OLE study not in remission and received tofacitinib 10 mg BID, HRQoL improvements were observed within the first 2 months, and were maintained up to M72, regardless of treatment history including prior TNFi failure.


Frank Marshall Davis, LIVIN' THE BLUES: MEMORIES OF A BLACK JOURNALIST AND POET, (edited, with an introduction, by John Edgar Tidwell), Madison and London: University of Wisconsin Press, 1993, 373 pp., £22.00. Veit Erlemann, AFRICAN STARS: STUDIES IN BLACK SOUTH AFRICAN PERFORMANCE, Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press, 1991, 214 pp., npl.


The unique Czech identity played a role in the country's joining the European Union. There are a number of distinct characteristics of the Czech identity that are actually quite compatible to membership in the Union. The history of the Czech nation which has a significant impact on the national identity of the country is discussed along with an explanation or definition of national identity. The Czech identity and the European identity are compared and contrasted. Finally, management implications of the Czech identity are discussed. COUNTRY DESCRIPTION ocated southeast of Germany, the Czech Republic is a landlocked country in Central Europe. The Czech Republic is bordered by Germany, Austria, Poland, and Slovakia. The country has over ten million inhabitants boasting a 99 percent literacy rate. The Czech Republic is considered one of the more successful former Communist states of Central and Eastern Europe with an estimated GDP per capita of over $20,000 dollars per year, slightly lower than the EU average. The country has a stable, parliamentary democracy. The capital is Prague and the country celebrates its national holiday, Czech Founding Day, on the 28 th of October; the holiday commemorates the founding of the Czechoslovak state (https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/theworld-factbook/index.html).


Modern packaging is a key method of constructing enterprise's brand visual identity from the cognitive psychology and Kansei engineering.Some problems of the packaging design of domestic knitted un- derwear were discussed from image and identity.Advices were put forward for practical packaging design through analysis of customer's taste preference.It was concluded that a good packaging design must combine the customer's apperception,and increase the packaging effect from evaluating their design.


A radiochemical-radiometric prccedure is described for determining bone- seeking fission products in milk. The prccedures permit completion of a few samples by a single technician in 6 to 8 hours. (C.J.G.)


A Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor samples the wavefront in the pupil. The wavefront shape will be undersam pled, since although the wavefront average spatial spectrum is a rapidly decreasing function of spatial frequency, it contains frequencies higher than the Nyquist limit : this well-known phenomenon is known as aliasing. The impact of aliasing in adaptive optics is difficult to estimate. Some methods have been proposed, that aim at optically filter out high wavefront frequencies ; some authors gave an estimate of this error, but most of the time these estimations are based on Monte-Carlo simulations of wavefront sensor. We propose in this paper an analytical study of the aliasing effect, and study how the aliasing error distributes over temporal frequencies. An analytical expression of the temporal spectrum of the aliasing error maybe of importance for system modeling or performance prediction in adaptive optics.


We present a method to determine the two-dimensional 2D distribution G(W,lnto) of the relaxation time t5t oexp(W/kBT) using an inversion of temperature-dependent broadband dielectric data. In contrast to the usual evaluation of 1D distributions g(t), the 2D analysis reveals whether the broadening of a relaxation peak has its physical origins in a variation of the activation energy W, or the preexponential factor t o , or both. A study of the b relaxation of a polymer blend demonstrates the validity of the analysis. We compare the distribution obtained from dielectric ac data ~5 Hz‐300 MHz, 100 K‐300 K! with the results of a thermally stimulated depolarization currents sampling technique. The contour line of G(W,lnto) is shown to follow the compensation law. @S0163-1829~98!05815-9#