The city of Bandung has a variety of culinary places that feature their own characteristics, ranging from luxury culinary venues, traditional uniqueness hangout, to the roadside hangout is available in this city. Amid the rapid development of culinary tourism in the city of Bandung, L'societe Dine and Bar is one restaurant that wrestle in culinary tourism business competition. However, according to sales data, L'societe experienced a decrease in total sales from 2014 to 2016. L'societe requires effective improvement on its marketing mix performance. The study aims to analyze customer satisfaction with L'societe marketing mix. The research was conducted using descriptive statistics method, measuring customer satisfaction index and integration of Importance Performance Analysis and Kano Model.Based on the result of research, there are some attributes of L'societe marketing mix that need to be improved. For price attributes, L'societe should review product prices. This review is conducted through further research on product pricing by analyzing product prices with competitor product price comparison or optimizing production costs. For promotional attributes, L'societe can hold live music on an ongoing basis. In addition to this, it can be proposed packages with attractive discounts to the customer, group or family. This is important to consider because L'societe puts forward a convenient facility to its customers to feel different from its competitors. Keywords: marketing mix, importance performance analysis, integration of importance performance analysis and canoe model, customer satisfaction, Kano model


The following five easthetic characteristics can be found in Zhang Xiao xiang s ci poems: 1) personality of beauty ;2) heroic deeds;3) imayinery beautiful scenery drawings;4) illusory and elegant beauty;5) artistic conception with affection and sights.


700 MPa grade Ti and Nb-Ti microalloyed steels produced by thermo-mechanical control rolled processes (TMCP) were studied to elucidate texture that contributes to delamination and consequent impact toughness. The microstructure of Ti and Nb-Ti steels consisted of ferrite and bainite. Compared with Ti steel, Nb-Ti steel was characterized by a microstructure with finer ferrite and more bainite. The results from tensile and impact tests indicated that there is insignificant change in tensile properties, but toughness was greater in Nb-Ti steel compared with Ti steel. More severe delamination in Nb-Ti steel is attributed to stronger α-fiber (RD ||<110>) texture than Ti steel, especially {100}<110>, {113}<110> and {112}<110> texture. Typical cleavage river patterns were not observed on delaminated fracture surface, instead the cleavage fracture surface indicated some dimples. Interestingly, the impact energy of samples with delamination was greater than samples without delamination in the ductile–brittle transition region. The study suggests that delamination in the ductile–brittle transition zone may also be representative of high toughness.


A study of the interplanetary sector structure at Heliographic latitudes up to 16°N is reported. The study is based on magnetic field measurements made on board Pioneer 11 as the spacecraft traveled along the post-Jupiter-encounter trajectory. Preliminary measurements are used to determine the dominant polarity of the interplanetary magnetic field during 43 successive solar rotations including Pioneer's ascent to its maximum latitude and motion inward from 5 to 3.7 AU. As the latitude of Pioneer increased, the dominant polarity became continually more positive, corresponding to an outward-directed solar interplanetary field. When the spacecraft reached the highest latitude, the usual sector structure had essentially disappeared. A histogram of the field longitude angle, based on data acquired during 1 month at 16° latitude, shows an almost total absence of inward-directed fields. A comparison with interplanetary field polarities in the ecliptic, as inferred from geomagnetic field variations, rules out the possibility that a time variation rather than a latitude dependence is responsible. The Pioneer 11 observations imply that the boundary between adjacent sectors corresponds physically to a current sheet surrounding the sun and lying nearly parallel to the solar equatorial plane. Above this current sheet, in the northern hemisphere, the field polarity at this phase of the solar cycle is outward, and below the current sheet, in the southern hemisphere, it is inward. The Pioneer observations confirm earlier theoretical suggestions regarding the existence and equatorial orientation of this current sheet. The properties of the current sheet and some major implications and questions associated with it are discussed. It is shown that the radial component of the sheet current is compensated by the distributed currents in the northern and southern hemispheres associated with the spiraled interplanetary field.


The following study was performed on 146 married couples who were admitted to University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur, due to parasuicide. Patients were mainly young females who were experiencing short term difficulties with either their marriages or extended families. Indians appear to be over represented, comprising of about 46.6% with Malays appearing to be slightly protected against parasuicide. Approximately 51% of the subjects chose overdosage of prescribed drugs while only 17.1% used physical harm. About 60% had been married for a duration exceeding ten years before they presented with attempted suicide and 60% had two or less children. Marriages were mainly based on love not arrangement. Language: en


Seafood in the adolescent diet has many benefits, yet a number of adolescents do not consume the recommended levels. Despite this the consumption of seafood by younger consumers has received scant attention in the extant literature. Previous studies on adolescents' food-related behaviour tend to focus on general choice mechanisms or perceptions of food and mainly relate to fruit and vegetable intake. The present study seeks to address this gap through investigating the impact of family upon the consumption of seafood by younger consumers through exploring adolescents' attitudes and behaviour in regard to eating seafood. Utilising an exploratory qualitative methodology, seven focus groups of adolescents aged 13–19 years were conducted at two schools in South-West England. Discussions covered a range of issues related to adolescent seafood consumption. The use of thematic content analysis found that the family, and parents in particular, exert high levels of influence over adolescents' consumption of seafood both at home and when dining out. The parent who does the shopping and cooking has the greatest role. Sibling preferences and dietary choices also influence whether seafood is served in the home. Of value to researchers and management are the insights gleaned into the influences on adolescents' attitudes toward and behaviour in regard to eating seafood. In particular encouraging seafood consumption will rely upon interventions aimed at both parents and children and need to take into account adolescents' diet and lifestyle preferences, while also acknowledging the influence of peers and the school food environment.


Justyna TABASZEWSKA Jagiellonian University (Krakow) Threats or opportunities? Ecocriticism – a preliminary survey This article gives an account of the most important theses and concepts of ecocriticism. The author defines ecocriticism and describes the changes it has undergone, such as the transition from the 1st stage of ecocriticism (nature as a the central concept) to the 2nd stage (concepts of habitat, ecojustice and nature as social construct begin to play an impor-


Back ground:Hospital acquired infection remains a major health care problem not only in in India but also in other developed countries.No surveillance system exists in the country to predict and stratify the risk of surgical site infections (SSIs). The aim was to know the performance of NNIS composite risk index score system in Indian general surgical patients at career institute of medical sciences hospital,luck now. Method:This is a prospective observational study conducted over a period of 11/2year fromDecember 2014 to July 2016 at Institute of medical science hospitallucknow. All the cases of department general surgery operated either on elective or emergency basis were included. Their ASA category was noted from anaesthetist chart while operative duration and wound class was determined by operating surgeon. Surgical site infection (SSIs) was assessed by surgeon and NNIS risk index score was calculated. All the data were collected complied, analyzed and following observations were made. Results:A total of268 patients were included in the study. Age ranged from3.3-76 years with mean and standard deviation34.44± 19.16 years. Of 268 cases 151 were males and 117were females. Patients were grouped into ASA category score <3 and ≥3. The incidence of SSIs rate of 20.8%, 22.3%, 41.9% and 50.0% were associated with NNIS risk index score 0, 1, 2 and 3 respectively. There was increasing trend of SSIs with rising NNIS risk index score from 0-3 Conclusion: The findings of the present study validate that NNIS risk index is good predictor of SSIs in general surgical cases. Thus it can be applied for assessment of risk for SSIs in general surgical cases Introduction Surgical site infections (SSIs), pneumonia, wound dehiscence; urinary tract infection (UTI), sepsis and mortality are the most common serious consequences of operative interventions. [1,2]SSIs cause prolonged hospitalization, increase mortality and morbidity and huge economic burden to the patient and the state.[3]Surveillance of SSIs with feedback of appropriate data to surgeons has been shown to be an important component of strategies to reduce SSIs risk. For prediction of SSIs, the traditional wound classification system, which stratifies each wound into one of four categories (clean, clean-contaminated, contaminated, and dirty infected), has been available since 1964.[4]The above system of risk stratification is not out of limitations because by a single factor we cannot predict the overall outcome. Recently 'National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance' (NNIS) system has recommended composite risk index (scoring system) to predict SSIs and stratify the patient in different risk categories. It consists of two host and one operation related risk factors. These are American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score, wound class and length of surgery. The aim of study was to validate the performance of NNIS risk index scoring system in predicting the SSIs, in general surgical patients. Material and methods This is a prospective observationalstudy conducted over a duration of 1.5 years (December 2014-July 2016)) at career institute of medical sciences,Lucknow. All general surgical cases operated on elective or emergency basis and met the criteria of inclusion, were included.Inclusion criteria were , patients who gave consent for participation in the study , survived and came for regular follow up for 30 days in cases without prosthesis and 1 year with prosthesis.Exclusion criteriawere, patients who did not consent for participation in the study, lost in follow up or died <24 hours of surgery. Patients ASA was noted from anesthetist chart while operative duration and wound class was determined by operating surgeon. Patients were followed up to 30 days without and 1 year with prosthesis. Surgical site infection (SSIs) was assessed by surgeon and surgical wound was classified according to the traditional wound-classification system as given in material and method section and NNIS risk index scoring (ASA, length of surgery, wound class) were calculated as given in table 2. Physical Status Classification System refers to the American Society of Anesthesiology(ASA) class and is a numerical quantification of disease severity in patients undergoing general anesthesia which was introduced by the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA, 1999). This classification is a relatively standardized scoring scheme developed to stratify anesthesia risk. Studies have demonstrated that ASA class is a useful indicator of host susceptibility to infection for epidemiological purposes. The stratification of ASA is as follows: 0 – Allocated when the ASA cannot be established, 1 – A normal healthy patient, 2 – A patient with mild systemic disease,3 – A patient with severe systemic disease , 4 – A patient with severe systemic disease that is a constant threat to life ,5 – A moribund patient who is not expected to survive without the operation. ASA score ≥ 3 are allotted 1 point. The length of surgery is demonstrated as a risk factor for SSIs. The > 75th percentile of the allotted time is given as score 1 point. The category of surgical procedure, duration and 75th percentile of assigned is given below in table 1 which was taken for study. Table 1.category of surgical procedure, duration assigned and 75th percentile of assigned time Category of surgical procedures Time (hours) 75th percentile of time of operation (minutes) Exploratory laparotomy 2 90 Lap cholecystectomy 1.5 67 Open cholecystectomy 2 90 Small and Large bowel surgery 3 135 Herniorrhaphy 2 90 Gastric surgery 3 135 Splenectomy 3 135 Mastectomy 3 135 Appendectomy(open) 2 90


PRINCETON, N.J.--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Bristol-Myers Squibb Company (NYSE: BMY) today announced follow-up data evaluating Opdivo (nivolumab) monotherapy and Opdivo in combination with Yervoy (ipilimumab) in patients with plat inum-pretreated metastat ic urothelial carcinoma (mUC). Results from the Phase 1/2 CheckMate -032 trial showed that patients who received the combination of Opdivo 1 mg/kg plus Yervoy 3 mg/kg (O1:Y3) experienced a higher object ive response rate (ORR) compared to those who received Opdivo 3 mg/kg plus Yervoy 1 mg/kg (O3:Y1) or Opdivo alone. Patients in the study were heavily pretreated, with most receiving at least two prior treatment regimens.


Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) is used to identify photoinduced titanium-associated electron traps in TiO2 crystals (rutile). Defect production occurs at low temperature with 442 nm laser light. Spectra with S=1/2 and S=1 are assigned to singly ionized and neutral oxygen vacancies, respectively. These oxygen vacancies have their unpaired spins localized on the two neighboring titanium ions aligned along the c axis. A Ti3+ ion next to a Si4+ ion, a Ti3+ self-trapped electron, and a self-trapped hole shared by two adjacent oxygen ions are also observed. Isolated substitutional Fe3+ and Cr3+ ions serve as hole traps.


The extent to which resistance to leek rust (Puccinia allii) in commercially useful cultivars of leek (Allium ampeloprasum) could be developed by selection within current commercial cultivars or their recent predecessors was investigated. Differences in resistance among commercial cultivars was not great. However, a wide range of resistance levels was found in both half-sib and inbred progeny derived from these cultivars. In a crop simulation, one of the breeding lines showed a reduction in the rate of new pustule appearance of 44% compared to cv. Wintra. It is concluded that selection within modern cultivar level material is a potentially productive strategy for the commercial development of leek rust resistance in the short to medium term.


By using the method of documentary review,this paper investigates the influences of tobacco on the health and also the origin of "World No-Smoking Day" and its relevant theme of "Non-Tobacco Sports".It discusses the causes of "Non-Tobacco Sports" and then ponders over the comments on sports stars' tobacco advertisement in out of the sporting world.The paper has come to a conclusion that "Non-Tobacco Sports" is a kind of sustainable development direction of both sports and health.At the same time,those celebrities like sports stars should take the social responsibilities and bring up self-consciousness and we should also realize the necessities for the establishments of policies and laws for restricting smoking by the government.


The background and nature of changes to the procedure of an open auction in electronic form for public use are investigated.


ABSTRACT Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and the United States each endorse a national objective to protect the safety and well-being of children and preserve families, while dually seeking to re-establish self-governance within indigenous communities. This review presents a collective overview of indigenous peoples' experience with child protection systems and evaluates the different national approaches used to improve child welfare practice and re-establish the sovereignty of indigenous populations within each of these countries. Key strategies for improving child protection, developing cross-cultural partnerships, and increasing the effectiveness of child welfare service delivery within indigenous communities are also provided.


We report a case of a child with beta thalassemia major, whose mother is a carrier of beta thalassemia and father is having hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin. Gene study revealed compound heterozygous for codon 8/9+G and IVS-1-5 G>C point mutation. Another four cases of anemia not responding to iron diagnosed to have alpha thalassemia carrier are also reported here. J Nepal Paediatr Soc 2016;36(2):213-215.


Case Presentation: This case report study was performed in 2020 in a hospital affiliated with Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom City, Iran. A patient with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was examined and received JBSM. Based on the assessment form of JBSM, the relevant interviews and evaluations of subsystems were performed. The required data were collected using JBSM's assessment checklist by observing, interviewing, and conducting physical examinations. Data sources included the client and her medical records, physicians, and nurses. The researcher followed up the patient for two months. In total, three face-to-face interviews were conducted with the patient. After the patient was discharged from the hospital, her condition was followed up via phone calls.


THERE IS ONE THING contemporary Americans do better than most: talk about power. This, I would suggest, is easily explained. As a peculiar and unique kind of country, the United States has had more of this rare political commodity than any other nation for a very long time. And, in spite of several denials to the contrary, most citizens of the last remaining superpower continue to see their identity as being bound up with continuing to be the most powerful nation on earth. One could almost argue that the more power they have, the more relaxed most Americans seem to be. This is why they were especially content in the years immediately following World War II, deeply unhappy after Vietnam and throughout much of the 1970s, when the country seemed to be on the slide, and then much rejuvenated by the collapse of the Soviet Union.2 Interestingly, three of the more serious debates in recent history have been animated by a discussion about how much power the United States is assumed to have. The first – given academic definition by an English import (Kennedy, 1988) – asked whether or not the United States could even be compared to other major powers, and, assuming that it could, whether it was likely to decline in (more or less) the same fashion as all other powerful states had done in the past. With the collapse of the communist project, a second great debate ensued, stimulated this time not by fears of imperial decay but by hopes of American renewal.3 Indeed, with the end of the Cold War and the implosion of the Soviet Union – followed in quick succession by the long US boom of the 1990s and the quite unexpected failure of both Japan and Europe to realize their potential – analysts were now compelled to ask an even more revisionist kind of question: namely, if the United States was not in secular decline, should we not accept that there was something very special about the US system of power? It was argued that, as much one might have resisted the idea before, one had to concede – reluctantly perhaps – that the United States was in effect the exception to the golden rule of great power retreat and would continue for the indefinite future to write the rules of the global game from an unrivalled position of self-evident strength. Some even suggested that the next (21st) century was likely to be just as American as the previous one (Cumings, 1999; Valladao, 1996). But that was not the end to it. Stimulated in large part by the election of George W. Bush and his muscular response to 11 September 2001, some now began to think what, in American terms, were quite Dialogue


Cytohormonal study of the vaginal smear is a simple and inexpensive method of selecting patients with mammary cancer who might benefit from castration in the years immediately following the menopause. It selects the patients in this age group for whom estrogen therapy is advised and also the patients in an older age group for whom hormone therapy other than estrogens is advised. It has a predictive function in selecting postmenopausal patients with mammary cancer for progestin therapy. Those patients whose pretreatment smear shows estatrophy (intermediate cell predominance) have a significantly higher tumor regression rate than those with teleatrophy (parabasal cell predominance). The pretreatment smear does not appear to have a similar predictive function with regard to androgen or estrogen therapy. On the other hand, a marked and persistent change in serial smear patterns during estrogen therapy is associated with a significantly higher rate of tumor regression than is a slight or transitory change. A successful attempt at increasing the estrogen effect upon the vaginal smear by concomitant administration of Methimazole was not associated with an increased incidence of tumor regression.


Sophisticated research of a national security problem permits to disclose its comprehensive nature. In terms of systems analysis I consider it a system S consisting of various subsystems and elements. From the latter environmental subsystem marked as S is going to be studied in detail in this paper. A special analysis of this particular component of the national security problem seems to be very important and timely first of all from theoretical point of view.


Reduced performance in wintering cattle can be caused by cold stress. Windbreaks can prevent such stress and are inexpensive to construct.


Upon Tanzania independence, the ruling TANU party was concerned with the task of constructing national capacity as well as building a unifying Tanzanian identity. Even within the first years of independence fissures were showing within the younger population ascollege-leavers increasingly expected privileged government positions upon their graduation. In 1963, a solution was formulated and pressed forward under the auspices of Vice President Rashidi Kawawa: the Jeshi la Kujenga Taifa, or the National Service. Compulsory for college leavers or for anyone that intended to work for the government, the National Service brought together generations of citizens from across the new state to take part in the construction of infrastructure, militia drills, technical training, and even a strong cultural diversity program. While the construction of economic capacity was worthwhile, by far the more important effect of the National Service was building the human capacity and unity that would characterize the first decades of Tanzania existence. This paper will give attention to the efforts at the building of collective farms and roads, but focus primarily on the efforts of the National Service in building a cohesive and capable core of citizens that embraced the idea of a unified Tanzanian national identity.


The Military Scenario Definition Language (MSDL) is an approved SISO standard for describing components of military scenarios that can be shared across a variety of modeling and simulation systems. However, the "last mile problem" for MSDL development is to have a user interface that represents information flowing to/from C2 and simulation systems. We have developed an open-source Toolset for this purpose: MSDL Scenario Editing Toolset (MSDLSET), providing an easy-to-use graphical user interface to MSDL developers that can serve as a surrogate input/output GUI or alternately to generating MSDL file. MSDLSET is developed using other open-source Tools: Xcentric's JaxFront and BBN's OpenMap. MSDLSET provides easy and efficient means for the end user to edit validate and add MSDL components to the MSDL file. Numerous initiatives are in progress to employ the new Toolset and to realize the benefits of exchanging scenarios files across diverse systems.


The purpose of this work was to assess the reproducibility of diffusion imaging, and in particular the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), intra‐voxel incoherent motion (IVIM) parameters and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) parameters, across multiple centres using clinically available protocols with limited harmonization between sequences.


In
recent decades, self-mention expressions which explicitly show academic
writers' participation in the research process have yielded a lot of attention.
Substantial studies have explored the cross-cultural and interdisciplinary differences
in the use of self-mention, yet few studies have been conducted on the
diachronic changes in frequency of self-mention in academic writing. Based on
Walkova's classification of the rhetorical functions of self-mention personal
pronouns, the authors investigated the interdisciplinary disparities and diachronic changes of the deployment of
rhetorical functions of self-mention personal pronouns. The disciplines
explored in this paper are applied linguistics, sociology, electronic
engineering and biochemistry & molecular biology. By investigating the use
of first person pronouns I, we, me, us and determiners my, our in 108 research
articles published over the past 40 years, this study shows that applied
linguistics is the only discipline that has seen a decline in the use of first
person pronouns. The chi-square analysis also indicates that there is a significant
difference in the use of rhetorical functions among the four disciplines.


In reaction center proteins of photosynthetic bacteria, the amplitude of proton uptake induced by the one-electron reduction of either of the two quinone electron acceptors (QA and QB) is an intrinsic observable of the electrostatic interactions associated with the redox function of the complex. We report here that, in Rhodobacter capsulatus, complete restoration of proton uptake (upon formation of Q A − and Q B − ) to the level found in the wild type is observed in a mutant reaction center in which a tyrosine substitution in the QA environment (AlaM247 → Tyr) is coupled with mutations of acidic residues near QB (GluL212 → Ala/AspL213 → Ala) that initially cancel the proton uptake above pH 8. This result demonstrates that proton uptake occurs by strong cooperation between structural motifs, such as hydrogen-bonded networks, that span the 18 Å distance between the two quinone acceptors.


This paper addresses a leader-following problem for a class of multi-agent systems modeled as general linear systems with matching nonlinear uncertainties under undirected communication topology. The state of the leader is only available to a subset of the followers and the input of the leader is unknown to any of the follower. By parameterizing the unknown dynamics and the input of the leader with some basis functions, we design adaptive control laws for each follower to estimate the parameters and ensure consensus tracking. Parameter convergence is also guaranteed when the regressor matrix satisfies the persistently excitation (PE) condition. Moreover, due to the adaptive tuning of the control gains, no information about the structure of the communication topology, such as the eigenvalues of the Laplacian matrix, is needed in the control design process which makes the controller easier to implement in practice. A simulation example is provided to illustrate the theoretical results.


FLYING FINN ON PERFORMANCE Athletecentred approach is IN! and not a moment too soon. If we ask our athletes what their main goal is from participation in elite sport, it will likely be something about 'peak performance at my next event'. Therefore, everything we do as sports and exercise medicine clinicians should support peak performance when it counts. One could, justifiably, point out the potential to harm the athlete in the pursuit of peak performance. However, it is possible to promote and engage in practices which safeguard the athlete from potential future harm, without compromising their ability to perform at their peak when it matters the most. What risks do athletes face in trying to achieve peak performance? Should training loads be decreased to minimise this risk? Shared decision making in an athletecentred approach allows us to balance the athlete's performance against potential harms. This edition of BJSM explores this topic in various sporting contexts.


Objective hMLH1 was one of DNA mismatch repair genes and located in 3p23~21.3.It was reported that allelic deletion of MLH1 gene was frequent among mismatch repair system.The study was to observe the loss of heterogeneity(LOH) of MLH1 gene in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC).Methods Microsatellite analysis was used to detect the allelic loss of MLH1 in ESCC.Results LOH in D3S1611,a introgenic marker of MLH1,was observed in 66.7% of tumors.Conclusion LOH of MLH1 was common in ESCC.MLH1 may be a target of damage in a fraction of mismatch-repair-deficient in ESCC.


We extend the time-domain ptychographic iterative engine to generalized spectral phase-only transfer functions. The modified algorithm, i$^2$PIE, is described and its robustness is demonstrated by different numeric simulations. The concept is experimentally verified by reconstruction of a complex supercontinuum pulse from an all normal dispersion fiber.


The formula of rotation-vibrational energy levels for a linear triatomio molecule are obtained by using the theory of Lie Groups, when the rotation and vibration arc both considered as the harmonic osoillalors.


One hundred and forty 60-day-old New Zealand White and California rabbits of both sexes were used to determine bioavailability of different inorganic zinc sources, zinc oxide (ZO), zinc sulfate (ZS), and zinc carbonate (ZC), and an inorganic zinc source, zinc quelate (ZQ) in the concentrations of 0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 ppm. The standard curve was also determined. Consumption was higher for 50ZO and 100ZO diets, and lower for 200ZO, 100ZS, 200ZS and 200ZQ (R2= 0.18). Higher weight gains were observed for animals fed on 50ZO, 100ZC, 200ZC, 100ZS, 200ZS, 100ZQ and 200ZQ diets and lower for animals fed on 0ZO and 100ZO diets (R2= 0.23) Higher feed: weight gain ratios were observed for animals fed on 0ZO, 100ZO, 150ZO and 150ZS, and lower for rabbits fed on 200ZS, 200ZQ, 200ZC, 100ZQ and 100ZS diets (R2= 0.26). Rabbits fed on 100ZO, 150ZO and 150ZS diets showed the highest zinc concentrations, and 100ZC and 200ZC diets the lowest concentrations. No differences between sexes were observed but New Zealand White rabbits presented the highest zinc deposition. The equation to predict zinc concentration in the liver () based on basal diet zinc consumption (x1), and zinc oxide (x2), zinc sulfate (x3) zinc carbonate (x4) and zinc quelate consumptions (x5) was estimated as = 1.11 + 0.66 x1 + 0.55 x2 0.57 x3 + 0.56 x4 + 0.56 x5 (R2= 0.59).


Let G be a simple connected graph. For S ⊆ V (G), the weakly connected closed geodetic dominating set S of G is a geodetic closure IG[S] which is between S and is the set of all vertices on geodesics (shortest path) between two vertices of S. We select vertices of Gsequentially as follows: Select a vertex v1 and let S1 = {v1}. Select a vertex v2 ̸= v1 and let S2 = {v1, v2}. Then successively select vertex vi ∈/ IG[Si−1] and let Si = {v1, v2, ..., vi} for i = 1, 2, ..., k until we select a vertex vk in the given manner that yields IG[Sk] = V (G). Also, the subgraph weakly induced ⟨S⟩w by S is connected where ⟨S⟩w = ⟨N[S], Ew⟩ with Ew = {u, v ∈E(G) : u ∈ S or v ∈ S} and S is a dominating set of G. The minimum cardinality of weakly connected closed geodetic dominating set of G is denoted by γwcg(G). In this paper, the authors show and investigate the concept weakly connected closed geodetic dominating sets of some graphsand the join, corona, and Cartesian product of two graphs are characterized. The weakly connected closed geodetic domination numbers of these graphs are determined. Also, some relationships between weakly connected closed geodetic dominating set, weakly connected closed geodetic set, geodetic dominating set, and geodetic connected dominating set are established.


As pregnancy progresses, physical changes may affect physical activity (PA) measurement validity. n = 11 pregnant women (30.1 ± 3.8 years) wore ActiGraph GT3X+ accelerometers on the right hip, right ankle, and non-dominant wrist for 3–7 days during the second and third trimesters (21 and 32 weeks, respectively) and 12 weeks postpartum. Data were downloaded into 60-second epochs from which stepping cadence was calculated; repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to determine significant differences among placements. At all time points, the wrist accelerometer measured significantly more daily steps (9930–10 452 steps/d) and faster average stepping cadence (14.5–14.6 steps/min) than either the hip (4972–5944 steps/d, 7.1–8.6 steps/min) or ankle (7161–8205 steps/d, 10.3–11.9 steps/min) placement, while moderate- to vigorous-intensity activity at the wrist (1.2–1.7 min/d) was significantly less than either hip (3.0–5.9 min/d) or ankle (6.1–7.3 min/d). Steps, cadence, and counts were significantly lower for the hip than the ankle at all time points. Kappa calculated for agreement in intensity classification between the various pairwise comparisons ranged from .06 to .41, with Kappa for hip–ankle agreement (.34–.41) significantly higher than for wrist–ankle (.09–.11) or wrist–hip (.06–.16). These data indicate that wrist accelerometer placement during pregnancy likely results in over counting of PA parameters and should be used with caution.


Ammonium manganous sulfate crystal was synthesized.The thermal decomposition of ammonium manganous sulfate was studied in N_(2) by using TG,DSC and DTG.The number of crystal water was 7. The activation energies (E),order of reaction (n),frequency factor (A) was confirmed, and the linearity pertinence coefficients are all bigger than 0.99. The kinetic consistency is well.Kinetic parameters were verified with the isoconversional method.


Aim To generate m3AChR-G11 fusion protein in baculovirus-Sf9 cells and test the couping function,the interation and the influence factors be-tween m3AChR and G11 protein,as well as screen the specific ligands for m3AChR. Methods m3AChR-G11 fused DNA was generated through a two-step PCR and then expressed in Sf9 cells to produce fusion protein. The total concentration for membrane protein was de-tected by BCA method,[3H]QNB and [35 S]GTPγS binding experiment as perfomed to study the function of m3AChR-G11 fusion protein. Results The expression level of m3AChR-G11 was 7. 76 × 10 -9 mol·g -1. The affinity of GDP to G11 partner changed in the presence of different muscarinic ligands. IC50 values of GDP in the presence of ACh,Pilo,CCh,MCN-A-343,Atro,4-Damp and Dafi were 82. 2,93. 70,12. 10,14. 30, 1. 93,1. 37,0. 72 × 10 -6 mol · L -1 respectively,and that in the absence of muscarinic was 1. 99 × 10 -6 mol ·L-1.Concluslons The m3AChR-G11 fusion protein has the pharmacological specificity of m3 receptor and the efficient coupling interaction of the two partners. Affinity of GDP to ligand-bound fusion protein represents the species of muscarinic ligands. This is helpful in screening and detecting the new specific ligands to muscarinic receptors.


The rotary tools are disposed to weld along two spaced welding lines. The two rotary tools are inserted into respective welding joints and moved at the same time along the respective welding lines. At a position P1 of a portion of a window one rotary tool is withdrawn from the welding joint so that the friction stir welding on that welding joint is stopped although the welding tool continues to move. At a position P3, the rotary tools are gradually withdrawn from their respective welding joints while they continue to move along the welding line. At a position P4, the movement of the rotary tools along the respective welding lines is stopped, the rotary tools are completely withdrawn and the welding is stopped. Next, the rotary tools are inserted into the respective welding joints once again and movement thereof is started again. An insertion amount of the rotary tools at this time is larger than the insertion amount thereof prior to the stopping of the movement of these rotary tools.


The honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) has been used in several studies for monitoring the environmental health status in terms of pollution, due to its wide-ranging foraging flights. Based on this consideration, this study aimed to analyze heavy metal pollution in Molise Region (Italy), by investigating five sites characterized by different levels of contamination. Furthermore, the authors carried out a sampling activity for a long period, in order to obtain a complete dataset. In this way, detailed information about the status of the environments was able to be obtained. The main purpose of this work was to assess the health status of Molise Region and to confirm the suitability of honeybees as environmental bioindicators of heavy metal pollution, by analyzing their variability over time and space. Furthermore, the study compared the health status associated with contamination in terms of heavy metals with that in two different areas of Italy, using hierarchical cluster analysis and principal component analysis, to evaluate the correlation existing among the three different areas of Italy. Following the findings, the authors suggest the use of honeybees as a bioindicator for heavy metal pollution in air quality studies.


Blood is one of the most important parts in the human body because blood has a function to circulate the juice, carry oxygen, circulate hormones, and others. If humans reduce blood caused by accidents or anemia, so that humans lack blood or store dirty blood in the body, then it can cause diseases that endanger the health of even someone. Blood donor activity is an activity of the process of blood transfer from donors to people who lack blood. The process is carried out by those who carry out blood processing processes such as the Blood Transfusion Unit (UTD) under the auspices of the Indonesian Red Cross (PMI).  UTD PMI Pekanbaru City only has a web-based blood donor information system, so UTD PMI Pekanbaru City wants to keep up with the times where many users use smartphones so they want to upgrade from the web version to the Android version. The reason for the improvement of this system aims to reduce hosting costs to be paid when using a web system and Android-based information system does not require typing too much when the user will carry out an order to the system, its use is not limited by space and place, and does not really need a connection that is prime to run the system. Android-Based Donor Information System in the Indonesian Red Cross Blood Transfusion Unit (UTD PMI) Pekanbaru City can help all people to find out about information about blood donations well by using Android-based smartphones as interesting media.


For building high‐energy density asymmetric supercapacitors, developing anode materials with large specific capacitance remains a great challenge. Although Fe2O3 has been considered as a promising anode material for asymmetric supercapacitors, the specific capacitance of the Fe2O3‐based anodes is still low and cannot match that of cathodes in the full cells. In this work, a composite material with well dispersed Fe2O3 quantum dots (QDs, ≈2 nm) decorated on functionalized graphene‐sheets (FGS) is prepared by a facile and scalable method. The Fe2O3 QDs/FGS composites exhibit a large specific capacitance up to 347 F g−1 in 1 m Na2SO4 between –1 and 0 V versus Ag/AgCl. An asymmetric supercapacitor operating at 2 V is fabricated using Fe2O3/FGS as anode and MnO2/FGS as cathode in 1 m Na2SO4 aqueous electrolyte. The Fe2O3/FGS//MnO2/FGS asymmetric supercapacitor shows a high energy density of 50.7 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 100 W kg−1 as well as excellent cycling stability and power capability. The facile synthesis method and superior supercapacitive performance of the Fe2O3 QDs/FGS composites make them promising as anode materials for high‐performance asymmetric supercapacitors.


Experiments were done to investigate the effect of processing conditions on fastness properties of natural dyes on silk fibers. Four types of natural dyes viz. manjista bark, arjun bark, dalim powder and ghabb powder wereused. Haritaki solution was used as premordant and aluminium sulphate was used as mordanting agent. Dyeing carried out at neutral pH for 1-2 hours at 100°C gives better results with respect to both light and wash fastness point of view. Premordanting and mordanting is necessary particularly from the light fastness point of view.


This article, based on research of a population of radical social workers active in the last decades, develops a theoretical framework for assessing radical movements among social service workers. In comparing these recent movements with those of the 1930s and 1940s, the author suggests a three-stage progression in which social unrest led by client groups stimulates groups of social service workers to ally with protesters; a second period characterized as "militant professionalism" in which radical social workers develop strong critiques of professional leadership; and finally a period of "absorbed" radicalism in which relative peace is established with the mainstream of the profession. The author emphasizes key social and economic factors related to the rise and fall of social worker radicalism.


A new metabolite has been isolated from cultures of Pithomyces maydicus. Evidence is presented that suggests its structure is cyclo(L-2-oxy-3-methylbutyryl-D-valyl-D-leucyl-L-2-oxy-4-methylvaleryl-L-2-oxy-3-methylbutyryl-L-N-methylleucyl), 1.


The bunch length and velocity of a beam accelerated with the 432-MHz, 3-MeV JHP-RFQ (Japanese Hadron Project Radio Frequency Quadrupole) linac were measured by using a Bunch Length and Velocity Detector (BLVD) developed by INR. The measured velocity (0.08002r0.00016)c showed a good agreement with the design value. The longitudinal profiles of the bunch have been measured for various setting of the RFQ. The bunch shapes of H beam as well as proton beam (produced by the stripping of H ions) have been studied. Although the BLVD has been designed for measurement of beam core (~99% of particles) the accurate study of a beam halo has been done. An almost uniformly distributed background was observed. The amount of the integrated background signal was about 1% of the beam intensity. A possible source of the background is analyzed.


New IUE observations were obtained of 35 Be stars from a list of stars which show excess infrared fluxes in IRAS data. The IRAS-selected Be stars show larger C IV and Si IV equivalent widths than other Be stars. Excess C IV and Si IV absorption seems to be independent of spectral type for IRAS-selected Be stars later than spectral type B4. This is interpreted as evidence for a possible second mechanism acting in conjunction with radiation pressure for producing the winds in Be stars. No clear correlation of IR excess of v sin i with C IV or Si IV equivalent widths is seen, although a threshold for the occurrence of excess C IV and Si IV absorption appears at a v sin i of 150 km/sec.


Fe40Co40Zr8Nb2B10、Fe40Co40Zr8Cr2B10 and Fe40Co40Zr8V2B10 amorphous ribbons were prepared by the single roller melt-spinning and annealed at different temperatures.Structure and thermal ability of samples were investigated by X-ray diffraction(XRD) and differential thermal analysis(DTA).The results showed that the crystallization activation energies were 302.6,306.6 and 299.3 kJ/mol.The Cr and V elements instead of the Nb element had not much effect on the thermal stability of alloy,but expanded the crystallization temperature zone.The crystallization processes of three alloys were similar:amorphous → amorphous+α-FeCo→α-FeCo+ZrCo3B2+Fe(Co)3Zr.


Noise becomes a very important issue to reach a level of comfort in the room. Many technical efforts are made to reduce noise levels such as by creating materials that are able to absorb sound waves well. The results of the study show that many materials can be used as noise absorbers, one of which is patchwork waste. The research aim to study is to obtain effective results from room dampening by utilizing used fabric waste. This study examined used fabric waste as soundproof partition walls. The method used to determine the value of sound reduction and absorption coefficient is a method of measuring sound from different positions with variations in fabric types and variations in shape of space. Variations in the type of fabric are woolen fabrics, denim fabrics, and cotton fabrics. While the variation of the shape of the wake is the shape of a cube, cone and tube. The optimum results obtained at the side measurement position, cube space shape, and type of fabric are wool fabric with a percentage of noise reduction of 35.38% from 80 dB to 51.7 dB.


The recent Au‐assisted mechanical exfoliation technique has enabled scalable fabrication of millimeter‐sized, high‐quality monolayer 2D crystals. Herein, spectroscopic ellipsometry characterization of as‐exfoliated single‐crystalline monolayer MoS2 is reported. By developing layer‐by‐layer ellipsometry measurements and analysis, the complex dielectric function of monolayer MoS2 is extracted. Compared with bulk MoS2, the A and B exciton peaks in the dielectric function spectrum nearly disappear in the 1L MoS2–Au hybrid system. The charge transfer at the 1L MoS2–Au interface is responsible for this observation and the conclusion is also supported by Raman, photoluminescence, and differential reflectance measurements. These results reveal the impact of the Au substrate on the dielectric response of 2D monolayers with strong excitonic effect and will deepen our understanding of the 1L MoS2–Au interaction.


In 45 rabbits we interposed autologous vein grafts of different length in equivalent defects of the femoral artery. After fixed intervals of six weeks to 12 months functional, histological and angiographic studies were done. Long grafts showed the same thrombus rate as short ones. The histological findings showed a marked thickening of the vessel wall with a maximum between six to eight weeks after operation. After this period this thickening was reduced but was after 12 months still noticeable. The angiography showed no signs of stenosis or narrowing of the lumen. Occasionally we saw bone formation or incrustation which might be induced by intima lesions.


Fluorite mineralization associated with different types of magmatism is common in the Western Transbaikalia. This study deals with Arshan, Yuzhnoe, and Ulan-Ude fluorite occurrences, which are the most significant examples of carbonatite-related fluorite mineralization in the region. The present paper focused on new fluorite geochemistry and fluid inclusion data, is aimed at revealing conditions of the fluorite mineralization formation, highlighting its genetic relationship with magmatism, compared to other deposits of this type. All the three locations belong to the Late Mesozoic Central Asian carbonatite province. Fluorites here are characterized by high rare earth elements (REE), Sr, and elevated La/Yb values. Fluid inclusions data imply that the formation of fluorite mineralization is a long process extending from late magmatic to the hydrothermal stage. Early fluorite crystallized from sulfate-carbonate orthomagmatic fluids at temperatures up to 500 °C. True hydrothermal fluorite was formed from the same fluids that were probably mixed with meteoric waters, which caused the temperature to drop to below 420 °C and led to an increase in the chloride component. The REE compositions of fluorite from the studied locations are similar to compositions of REE-rich fluorites from carbonatite-related deposits around the world.


The system expose the causes and phenemenons of what air compressor happen to shake and implict the DCS pool control methods of how to prevent the shakes.


Aiming at improving the poor face recognition accuracy under occlusion, a multipose block occlusion face recognition method based on feature point location is proposed. Face segmentation is carried out according to the location results of face feature points and occlusion areas. The local features of each face block are extracted by deep convolution neural network. The dynamic adaptive weighting method is used to give different weights to the face block information, and the occluded face recognition is completed according to the results of face segmentation, which effectively reduces the impact of pose change and occlusion on face recognition. The experiment is analyzed from two aspects: frontal occlusion and multipose face occlusion. The results show that fewer blocks in the frontal occlusion experiment are conducive to maintaining good local integrity and relatively good recognition performance; When the proportion of frontal occlusion reaches 50%, the recognition rate of our algorithm can still be up to 92.68%, which is significantly better than other algorithms.


This article discusses a discourse of Islamic Law in the context of nationality. This focuses on some efforts to bring Islamic Law back in to a system and regulatory pattern of a pluralistic modern society, socially and culturally. This is inspired by the current phenomenon that there has been an increased appreciation of society on Islamic Law significantly. This article argues that it is necessary to reintroduce Islamic Law in a discourse of nationality, and therefore, every product of Islamic Law thought should be able to positively interact with the system of power and politics. Keywords: Islamic Law, nationality, reintroduce, power and politics.


In this paper, we show that a module implemented in the MCNP transport code to perform sensitivity analyses can be diverted to perform topology optimizations of nuclear equipment. Component design with this approach leads to sophisticated solutions that outperform their human-designed counterparts.


A microfluidic paper-based analytical device (µPAD) was created by wax printing on a single piece of Whatman N. 1 chromatographic paper (1.5 cm x 4.5 cm, 0.18 mm thick) and combined with an anti-D-dimer capture antibody and conjugates of anti-D-dimer antibody with 40 nm gold nanoparticles. The design comprises: i) a circular area (ID 0.5 cm) for sample addition (S), ii) a linear channel (2.6 cm long), iii) circular areas where test (T) and control (C) reactions take place (ID 0.5 cm) and iv) a rectangular reservoir (1.0 cm x 1.4 cm). The μPAD on the top was used to test a sample with 1 x 10 5 ng/mL D-dimer (12 μL), whereas the μPAD on the bottom was run with a control (no D-dimer) sample. The video clearly shows the capture of the D-dimer:antibody-AuNP complex by the antibody immobilized in the circular test zone in the top μPAD. This capture is signaled by the formation of a red spot, which is absent in the test zone of the bottom µPAD, which was run with a control (no D-dimer) sample.


This paper presents a simp1e example in which incomplete asset markets create incentives for buyers and sellers to sign contracts that specify a price function which differs from the spot market equilibrium price function. The price function can exhibit downward stickiness in nominal prices, In the sense that a fall in the money supply reduces nominal prices less than proportionately and reduces real output. This equilibrium dominates spot market equilibrium in terms of expected utility.


clinical isolates of Candida spp were examined by FT-IR in order to compare identification using FT-IR with biochemical identification (bioMerieux ® ). FT-IR revealed itself as a fast and effective method for identification of the strains tested as all were placed into the appropriate species, including one which was misidentified by the biochemical method.


EuS nanoparticles were synthesized by solution-phase thermolysis of the diethylammonium salt of the anionic europium dithiocarbamate complex, [Eu(S2CNEt2)4]−. Oleylamine and triphenylphosphine were used as surfactants to prevent nanoparticle agglomeration and stabilize particle growth. By varying the synthetic parameters such as reaction temperature, heating time, and the [surfactant]:[precursor] ratio, nanoparticles of different sizes were obtained. The size-dependent magnetic properties of these nanoparticles were studied, and it was observed that a decrease in the ferromagnetic ordering temperature occurs with decreasing particle size.


Advanced processes, which are alternatives to ordinary distillation, are essential to dehydrate azeotropic alcoholic mixtures for biofuel production. In that regard, this work focuses on the analysis of heterogeneous azeotropic distillation for the separation of a 2-propanol + water mixture in order to recover the alcohol with a sufficiently low water content. By comparing the performances of various entrainers on the basis of ternary maps, isooctane was selected for further process analysis. An advantage it poses is related to the fact that traces of it within the recovered dehydrated alcohol are highly welcome with a view to its subsequent use as a fuel. Aspen Plus® V11 software was employed for the simulation of the process, thus filling the gap existing in the literature due to the lack of studies on the process analysis of the heterogeneous azeotropic distillation of the 2-propanol + water system using isooctane as an entrainer.


Totally 85 turf plots on campus of Huazhong Agricultural University were investigated regarding invasive species,and then 17 typical plots with different light conditions,ages and management levels were used to determine the important value of each species in order to identify the statue and competition ability in community.The results showed that there were about 141 invasive species that belongs to 39 families.Those species from Compositae,Papillionaceae,Pmbelliferae and Caryophyllaceae became dominants through competition.The competition ability and distribution for the invasive species were affected by sunlight,soil,species characteristics and turf management level.All management approaches,such as shading,irrigation,soil loosing,fertilization and weeds controlling,were the direct factors affecting competition ability of invasive species.


In October 2015, the Law on the Prohibition of Owning, Editing, Publishing and the Usage of Materials, which come from Illegal Communications' Surveillance (Zakon za zabrana za poseduvanje, obrabotka, objavuvanje i raspolaganje so materijali koi proizleguvaat od nezakonsko sledenje na komunikaciite) was proposed by two Members of Parliament from the ruling majority. The law aims to prevent the media from publishing wiretapped conversations of the most senior politicians, which may reveal their heavy criminal activities


Introduction: the social determinants of health have gained significance and importance over the past half century as the World Health Organization has identified health as determined by the conditions in which people are born, grow up, live and work. Objective: to characterize the state of the social determinants that have the greatest impact on under-five mortality in patients who have died in this institution. Methods: a qualitative and quantitative study was carried out on the deaths of children under five years of age at the Jose Luis Miranda Hospital during the period January 2016 to December 2018. The study variable was operationalized in structural indicators (socioeconomic level, schooling and place of residence), individual (skin color) and health system (accessibility, timely and adequate therapy and cause of death). Age and sex were included as population descriptors due to their interest. Results: the highest incidence (41.5%) was found in the age group between one and four years old, with a predominance of males (58.4%); a medium socioeconomic level (66.1%) and a rural origin (64.15%). Accessibility to the health system was regular (52.8%) and the main cause of death was infectious diseases (30.1%). Conclusions: there are important reservations about improving health indicators for the under-five population in Villa Clara Province when institutional management takes into account the state of the social determinants of health.


(57) Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel substituted cyano-phenyluracils of the general formula (I), wherein Further, a process for preparing these compounds and novel intermediates, their use as herbicides and pesticides have been disclosed.


The slow component of the auditory evoked potential in man was investigated under various conditions which produced an increase in stimulus repetition rate. The left ear received a 1000 Hz tone once each 5 sec. Intervening stimuli, also of 1000 Hz, were presented to (1) the right ear, (2) both ears, and (3) the left ear. Their relative influence on response amplitude to periodic left ear stimulation was evaluated.

The results indicated that: (1) intervening right ear stimulation reduced significantly response amplitude to left ear stimulation; (2) presenting the intervening stimuli to both ears simultaneously caused no further decrement in response amplitude; (3) presenting the intervening stimuli to the left ear alone brought about a further and significant decrease in response amplitude to left ear stimulation.

These findings imply that habituation of the auditory evoked potential is greatest when the same pattern of neural activity is repeatedly initiated. When the intervening stimuli elicit a different pattern of neural excitation, habituation is less, even though stimulation rate remains unchanged.


This study presented numerical study on the motion of drug delivery vehicle (DDV) in blood vessel based the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect due to the tumor-defective blood vessel. Instead of traditional particle tracing, the arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian Algorithm (ALE) was employed in this study to account for the force coupling between the moving DDV and blood flow. The ALE and Navier-Stokes modules facilitated by COMSOL software were employed to carry out the numerical simulations. The computational domain was treated as two-dimensional containing three trans-cellular holes caused by the tumor tissue growth. Motions of both spherical and rod-like DDV were considered in this study. The DDV was considered to enter the tumor tissues when it traveled through the defective opening gaps. The simulated results indicated that the initial locations and size played importation roles on governing the motion of DDV. The DDV had greater chance to travel through the opening gaps when its initial location was close to the vessel wall and its diameter ranged between 20 and 100 nm. The numerical simulations also demonstrated that there was significant difference on the DDV trajectories between ALE and particle tracing computations. The motion characteristics of the rod-like DDV was similar to that of its spherical counterpart except the inclusion of rotational motion. The rod-like DDV had less chance of entering the tumor tissue as compared with the spherical DDV because of its rotational motion.


A logically consistent set of definitions of the electromagnetic field quantities is extremely difficult to find in the literature. Most textbooks either evade the problem, or present definitions that are applicable only to special cases. A philosophy of this problem is presented, and a consistent system developed.


In this article the effect of indium impurity on tin oxide layers sensitivity have been studied. Tin oxide thin films without impurity and with different impurities are deposited by spray pyrolysis method and their structural layers have been characterized by x-ray diffraction spectrum and SEM technology. In different temperature we have calculated layer sensitivity. It is found that the most sensitivity is in the sample of 6% impurity at temperature of 200 °C. With increasing of impurity concentration the work temperature is decreased until in the 15% impurity sample the work temperature is decreased to 100 °C.


Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of determining serum soluble transferrin receptor ( sTfR) by rate nephelometry and investigate the significance of differentiating iron deficiency anemia ( IDA) from other types of anemia. Methods sTfR was detected by rate nephelometry in patients with IDA,in patients with other anemia and in healthy subjects. The reproducibility,recovery rate,linear range and the influence of interference on sTfR detection by hemolysis,blood lipid and bilirubin were analyzed according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute( CLSI) documents. Results The good linear range was between 0. 73-8. 23 mg/L ( the linear regression equation:Y = 1. 031X -0. 12,r = 0. 997 8). Both of the within-run coefficient of variation ( CV) and the between-run CV were 4%. The recovery rates were 94. 2% and 98. 6% respectively. The results of interference test were bilirubin 325 μmol/L,triglyceride 19. 8 mmol/L and hemoglobin 5 g/L. There was no obvious interference on the results of the detection. The levels of sTfR were ( 2. 89 ± 1. 31) mg/L in patients with IDA,( 1. 53 ± 1. 42) mg/L in patients with other anemia and ( 0. 84 ± 0. 15) mg/L in healthy subjects. The level of sTfR in patients with IDA was obviously higher than that in patients with other anemia and healthy subjects. Its area under receiver operating characteristic ( ROC) curve ( AUC) was 0. 939 ( P 0. 01). Conclusions Rate nephelometry is a simple and rapid method for detecting sTfR with wide linear range and high resistance to hemolysis,blood lipid and icterus. It could be used to diagnose and differentiate IDA from other anemia.


The closely related B‐subunits of cholera toxin (CTB) and Escherichia coli heat‐labile enterotoxin (LTB) both bind strongly to GM1 ganglioside receptors but LTB can also bind to additional glycolipids and glycoproteins. A number of mutant CT B‐subunits were generated by substituting CTB amino acids with those at the corresponding positions in LTB. These were used to investigate the influence of specific residues on receptor‐binding specificity. A mutated CTB protein containing the first 25 residues of LTB in combination with LTB residues at positions 94 and 95, bound to the same extent as native LTB to both delipidized rabbit intestinal cell membranes, complex glycosphingolipids (polyglycosylceramides) and neolactotetraosylceramide, but not to non‐GM1 intestinal glycosphingolipids. In contrast, when LTB amino acid substitutions in the 1–25 region were combined with those in the 75–83 region, a binding as strong as that of LTB to intestinal glycosphingolipids was observed. In addition, a mutant LTB with a single Gly‐33→Asp substitution that completely lacked affinity for both GM1 and non‐GM1 glycosphingolipids could still bind to receptors in the intestinal cell membranes and to polyglycosylceramides. We conclude that the extra, non‐GM1 receptors for LTB consist of both sialylated and non‐sialylated glycoconjugates, and that the binding to either class of receptors is influenced by different amino acid residues within the protein.


eralized sexual mores, and the desire for family planning. They also note that Fromm's self-image as a thoroughly German citizen-innovator did little to save him from Hitler's grand plan. From exile in England, he watched the theft of his life's work. Many of his relatives died in the camps. This readable book presents its findings economically and with a fine narrative flair. O riginally published in Hebrew as Mul har haGa'ash, David Engel, a professor of Holocaust Studies and European History at NYU, provides us in Historians of the Jews and the Holocaust with a brilliant " historio-graphic study of the tendency of historians of the Holocaust...and historians of the Jews...to construct their fields as two separate realms, each with its own rules and practices, whose border is not readily crossed. " Trained as a historian of Modern Europe with emphasis on Poland, Engel explains in this work his growing interest in " Holocaust Studies " and his realization that the divisions that separated the two camps were not passing ones " born of momentary circumstance, but [rather] the product of principled posi-tion[s] deeply rooted in the professional discourse of Holocaust scholars and historians of the Jews alike. " Engel shows that " reasons for this counter-intuitive situation lie in the evolution of the Jewish historical profession since the l920's. " Here he draws on the writings and professional activities of such scholars as Salo Baron and and the non-Zionist Raul Hilberg to reach his conclusions. Engel's discussion of Yad Vashem's refusal to publish Hilberg's " The Destruction of the Jews " (1961) throws new light on that affair. Engel also discusses with great insight and erudition the inability of non-Zionist writers such as Hannah Arendt and Bruno Bettelheim to influence their Israeli and American and British Zionist counterparts as well as the larger Jewish public following the Eichmann trial. It will prove to be important to both senior scholars and beginning doctoral students in modern Jewish history. CJR A t the age of sixty, Helen Waldstein Wilkes opened a box that contained letters her parents had received when she was a child. Written by members of her extended family who remained in Europe after Wald-stein Wilkes and her parents left Strobnitz, and later Prague, to join her aunt and uncle in Canada in 1939, this deeply personal collection of letters describes the effects of Nazism on everyday life, the …


eleven of our families-69 individuals in all.9 Kalow's observations were largely confirmed, and at this hospital we now determine as a matter of routine the "dibucaine number" of every plasma with a pseudocholinesterase level below 30 Warburg units (normal 65-120). This decides whether the low result indicates loss of liver function or is due to an inherited defect. For example, a level of 29 units indicates in the normal a considerable loss of active liver tissue, and in the heterozygote a much milder condition. It is hoped that Dr. Adrianvala's observation and conclusion will not be interpreted as contradicting the article and letter by Dr. L. Kaufman and his colleagues.5 10 Examination of families of patients who exhibited suxamethonium apnoea with pseudocholinesterase deficiency is not merely an academic exercise but can be of great importance to hitherto undiscovered homozygotes. They are not only hypersensitive to suxamethonium but also to pseudocholinesterase inhibitors used in agriculture, in the car and aircraft industry, as well as in many other fields of twentiethcentury endeavour.-We are, etc.,


A new numerical technique for testing and evaluation of quenching media and quenching systems is outlined. The measured time-temperature samples as a result of cooling curve test are analyzed by the new software developed, in order to characterize quantitatively the quenchants. The method applied is based on Fourier analysis. Examples for evaluation and comparison of cooling performance of quenchants are presented the applicability of the computational technique.


FIELD: engines and pumps. SUBSTANCE: invention refers to warming method of steam turbine including intermediate pressure partial turbine and/or low pressure partial turbine. Intermediate pressure turbine includes the supporting device on its outlet side; at that, during the start-up process, the steam flowing through intermediate pressure partial turbine is supported at the outlet by means of supporting device so that steam pressure in intermediate pressure partial turbine increases. The steam leaving intermediate pressure partial turbine is supported, due to which steam pressure and temperature increases. Heat transfer of steam to thick-wall structural elements located in intermediate pressure partial turbine, as well as to the shaft of intermediate pressure partial turbine increases. EFFECT: invention allows reducing the start-up time of steam turbine.


By analyzing the deficiencies of two sub-swarms exchange particle swarm optimization based on different evolutionary models,an improved two sub-swarms exchange particle swarm optimization algorithm is proposed.The algorithm divides the particles into two sub-swarms of the same size,the first sub-swarm using the standard PSO evolutionary model and the second sub-swarm using the Cognition Only evolutionary model.When the particles evolve to a stable state,part of the particles from the first sub-swarm are randomly selected to exchange with particles with the worst fitness values from the second sub-swarm.The above-mentioned operations are repeated until the optimal solution is found.Experiment results show that the proposed algorithm has better global search capability and optimal convergence rate.To verify the practicality of the algorithm,the improved algorithm is applied to Shearlet image denoising.According to the distribution characteristics of Shearlet transform domain coefficients of different scales and directions,the method uses the improved algorithm to adap- tively determine the optimal thresholds of different scales and directions,to achieve image content-based adaptive denoising. Experiment results show that the method can effectively filter out image noise and better retain edge information,and the denoised images have higher Peak Signal to Noise Ratio(PSNR).


Aims. We present first results and tests of a time-dependent extension to the general purpose model atmosphere code PHOENIX .W e aim to produce light curves and spectra of hydro models for all types of supernovae. Methods. We extend our model atmosphere code PHOENIX to solve time-dependent non-grey, NLTE, radiative transfer in a special relativistic framework. A simple hydrodynamics solver was implemented to keep track of the energy conservation of the atmosphere during free expansion. Results. The correct operation of the new additions to PHOENIX were verified in test calculations. Conclusions. We have shown the correct operation of our extension to time-dependent radiative transfer and will be able to calculate supernova light curves and spectra in future work.


Ecological security is defined as the undamaged and unthreatened conditions of living space and ecological environment which support regional sustainable development.The major aim of evaluating ecological security is to provide a reference for decision-making on resource protection and regional sustainable development.The middle and lower reaches of the Liaohe River are an old industrial base in China's northeast,and are important in terms of heavy industry,energy and marketable grain.Recently,with increasing population and continuous expansion of agricultural land,large areas of forest,grassland and wetland have been converted to other uses,leading to serious environmental problems such as soil erosion,water shortages,and declining water quality.In order to understand the effect of environmental problems on ecological security,it is important to evaluate the ecological security conditions in the study region.This paper established an indicator system for evaluation of ecological security,determined the weight of indicators using expert scoring,evaluated the ecological security of the study area,and compared findings for 1986 and 2000.The results showed that the ecological security index for the middle and lower reaches of the Liaohe River was 5.86 in 1986,which was at the level of 'pre-warning'.The total area of the region considered to have 'relative security' was more extensive than the other categories,totaling 4.0 million hm~2 or 62.8% of the study region.By 2000,environmental activities were strengthened and ecological security conditions had improved,with an increase in the ecological security index of 0.08.The area classified as 'secure' also increased to(751 424) hm~2,or 11.7% of the study area.However,the overall conditions of ecological security were not satisfactory.The area considered 'relatively secure' decreased substantially,by 22.15% of the entire study area,while the area classified as 'pre-warning' increased greatly,to 17.85% of the whole area.Natural and human factors both affect the ecological security of the Liaohe River,but human factors are dominant.Compared with human factors,the changes in natural factors are relatively stable.


Oregano (Origanum vulgare) is considered to be a good and cheap source of phenolic compounds with favorable biological activities, especially antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. Hypothesis/Purpose: The current work explored the optimization of the process conditions of solid–liquid extraction from Origanum vulgare to obtain extracts with high antimicrobial activity. We investigated which parameters promoted different efficiencies, leading to the maximum extraction of phenols and the consequent highest level of biological activity. Design-Expert Pro 11 was selected to design and analyze the experiments. The extracts were obtained by maceration as a simple method to recover value-added compounds from plant material, and supercritical fluid extraction was carried out as a green method with a high selectivity to obtain the compounds of interest. Pressure, temperature, and time were varied to obtain extracts with high antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. According to the results obtained using Design-Expert, the optimal conditions for maceration were at a temperature of 83 °C. The 1,1′-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrase method was used for the determination of antioxidant potential, while microdilution methods were used to determine the antimicrobial potential with regard to Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans. A level of antioxidant activity of 87.21% was achieved. Supercritical fluid extracts showed higher antioxidant activity at a higher temperature of 60 °C and higher pressure of 25 MPa, although the results at 40 °C and 25 MPa were similar. The lowest minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values were 0.147 mg/mL for S. aureus, 0.728 mg/mL for E. coli, and 0.311 mg/mL for C. albicans. Overall, the optimal conditions for supercritical fluid extraction were 25 MPa and 40 °C. On the other hand, amounts of 0.208 mg/mL for S. aureus, 1.031 mg/mL for E. coli and 0.872 mg/mL for C. albicans were obtained using maceration. The MIC values of extracts obtained by supercritical fluid extraction were comparable to the minimum inhibitory concentration values obtained by different conventional techniques, such as those of Clevenger and Soxhlet.


This paper discusses the development of a low temperature gate oxide deposition process using remote plasma chemical vapor deposition which, unlike other plasma-assisted gate oxide deposition processes, does not require a preoxidation step, a significant limitation of those processes. An important factor in the development of this process was the discovery that the background water concentration in the deposition chamber plays a crucial role in determining the electrical properties of the oxide films. A likely mechanism is proposed for this effect. It is shown that by carefully controlling the background water concentration, it is possible to develop a process which does not require preoxidation, while yielding films whose electrical properties are comparable to those reported for other processes and, in the case of some parameters, comparable to the properties of furnace-grown oxides. The process has been verified to be scalable down to at least 30 A.


Palmoplantar pustulosis (PPP) is one of the most difficult chronic dermatoses to treat. Topical treament with potent corticosteroids, anthralin, and


In multicellular animals, cell communication sometimes serves to orient the direction in which cells divide. Control of division orientation has been proposed to be critical for partitioning developmental determinants and for maintaining epithelial architecture. Surprisingly, there are few cases where we understand the mechanisms by which external cues, transmitted by intercellular signaling, specify the division orientation of animal cells. One would predict that cytosolic molecules or complexes exist that are capable of interpreting extrinsic cues, translating the positions of these cues into forces on microtubules of the mitotic spindle. In recent years, a key intracellular complex has been identified that is required for pulling forces on mitotic spindles in Drosophila, C. elegans and vertebrate systems. One member of this complex, a protein with tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) and GoLoco (Gα-binding) domains, has been found


Fourier transforming the virtual photon transverse momentum in \gamma*(q)+N \to f processes allows new insight into hadron dynamics as a function of impact parameter b. I discuss how previous analyses of charge density based on elastic and transition form factors (f=N, N*) can be generalized to any multi-hadron final state (f=\pi N, \pi\pi N, \bar D \Lambda_c,...). The b-distribution determines the transverse positions of the quarks that the photon couples to, and can be studied as a function of multiplicity, the relative transverse momenta, quark masses and polarization. The method requires no factorization nor leading twist approximation. Data with spacelike photon virtualities in the range 01/Q_{max} in impact parameter.


High quality graphene oxide was synthesized using expanded graphite following a modified Hummer's method. This method is facile, inexpensive and avoids use of strong acids.To exfoliate, the Graphene Oxide (GO) sheets were thermally exfoliated by rapid heating at 1050C for 30 seconds under an Argon atmosphere.Further the antileukemic enzyme Asparaginase was isolated from a bacterial source, Bacillus cereus strain BHU-MBU BC1 (ACCESSION No. KJ472206). The isolated enzyme was further purified in a single step through DEAE-Sepharose column (2.0 X 10.0 c.m) at 4 °C. Kinetic parameters of the as purified enzyme were thoroughly studied. As purified enzyme was further attached to graphene. It was observed that graphene conjugated enzyme showed the enhanced activity and the reusability of the enzyme was found to be 12 times retaining activity upto 80%. The temperature optima of the immobilized enzyme were also found to be improved from 45 o to 60o C.


Increasing traffic accidents arise because of the blowout.This article discusses the causes of the wheel blowout.Using conductive rubber as pressure sensors,it proposes a feasible explosion-proof early warning plan,which involves signal gathering,launching and receiving.


For any $n$-ary associative algebra we construct a $\Z_{n-1}$ graded algebra, which is a universal object containing the $n$-ary algebra as a subspace of elements of degree 1. Similar construction is carried out for semigroups.


In Western culture, we effortlessly use numerical concepts and symbols in our everyday lives – especially the positive integers. These convey a notion of preciseness and objectivity, and we readily assume that almost everything can be expressed as a numerical value. For instance, intelligence is 'measured' using IQ-scores, and popular magazines frequently provide tests to quantify your happiness or sex-appeal in a scale from, say, 1 to 20. Enumeration is so much part of our daily life, that we tend to take the sophisticated symbolic skills and numerical competence that underlie this capacity for granted. Here I would like to address some questions about the cognitive basis for our ability to count and quantify almost anything. In other words, what cognitive skills are necessary for counting? First, I will give some examples of counting in other animal species. Next, I will discuss how counting develops in human infants and children. Subsequently, I will ask what makes human counting unique, and how this ability could have evolved. Finally, I will discuss its implications for the philosophy of mathematics. I will draw on cognitive archaeological research to provide an answer to the questions when did human counting arise, and how can it be explained as a biological adaptation.


In answer to Patrick Taylor in Forum (Eos, April 16, 1991) I will not pursue the question further if it is defeated democratically in Vienna in August.

Two years after Exeter the proposal is no longer a "shock to the system" of the scientific establishment. It has been put formally to IAGA, and the Executive has not moved to oppose it. Instead IAGA recognizes the merit, the legality, and the operational viability of the principle I have raised by proposing an amendment which is completely acceptable to me. The turnaround reflects opinion in the international community.


This article proposes a low cost, high gain and wideband Fabry-Perot Cavity antenna with circular array of square parasitic patches on a superstrate layer. The antenna structure consists of a microstrip antenna, which feeds circular array of 18 square parasitic patches fabricated on a low cost FR4 superstrate. The patches are at the bottom of superstrate and suspended in air at 0.5λ0 height. The structure provides gain of 16.5 dBi with 3 dB gain bandwidth of 14.6% and impedance bandwidth of 13.5%, which covers 5.15-5.875 GHz ISM band. Radiation patterns are nearly stable over the entire frequency band. The antenna provides more than 85% antenna efficiency, Side Lobe Level (SSL) less than -20 dB and Front to Back lobe ratio (F/B) of 20 dB with cross polarization less than -18 dB. The measured VSWR is less than 2 over the frequency band of interest. The proposed antenna is an attractive solution for several wireless communication systems.


Elastocaloric cooling and heating is an alternative cooling technology that has the potential to be highly efficient and environmentally friendly. Experimental results are reported for two elastocaloric regenerators made of Ni–Ti alloys in the form of parallel plates in two plate thicknesses. For the regenerator made of 0.2 mm plates, a maximum no-load temperature span of 17.6 K was achieved for an applied strain of 4.3%. For the regenerator with 0.35 mm plates, a maximum temperature span of 19.9 K was reached for a strain of 3.5%. The 0.2 mm regenerator failed after approximately 5200 cycles and the 0.35 mm regenerator failed after approximately 5500 cycles.


Abstract Farmer surveys were conducted in the Yaqui Valley, Sonora, Mexico during 1983 and 1985 to investigate the relationship between agronomic practices used by the farmers and the incidence of Karnal bunt (Tilletia indica) disease of wheat. The variables investigated included soil type, land preparation, origin of seed, irrigation, nitrogen fertilizer, weed control and crop rotations. None of these variables were found to have a significant influence on the disease. This indicates that although management practices may have some effect on the incidence of the disease they are not the primary factor. The coincidence of rainfall and/or high humidity at flowering time appears to be of more importance than agronomic practices.


Activation induced cytidine deaminase (AID) is required for somatic hypermutation and immunoglobulin class switching in activated B cells. Because AID possesses no known target site specificity, there have been efforts to identify non-immunoglobulin AID targets. We show that AID acts promiscuously, generating widespread DNA double strand breaks (DSB), genomic instability and cytotoxicity in B cells with diminished homologous recombination (HR) capability. We demonstrate that the HR factor XRCC2 suppresses AID-induced off-target DSBs, promoting B cell survival. Finally, we suggest that aberrations affecting human chromosome 7q36, including XRCC2, correlate with genomic instability in B cell cancers. Our findings demonstrate that AID has promiscuous genomic DSB-inducing activity, identify HR as a safeguard against off-target AID action, and have implications for genomic instability in B cell cancers. Development of functional adaptive immunity is driven by a series of genomic DNA rearrangements in lymphocytes that are required for the generation of antigen recognition diversity, receptor editing, and lymphoid effector function 1. In mature, naïve B lymphocytes, immunoglobulin class switch recombination is initiated by Activation induced cytidine deaminase (AID) (2. Mutations in the gene encoding AID (Aicda) lead to immunoglobulin class switching and somatic hypermutation defects in mice and humans, and underlie human hyper IgM syndrome 3. Within the immunoglobulin heavy chain (Igh) locus, AID-dependent DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) primarily occur in transcribed, repetitive sequences, termed switch (S) regions, upstream of isotype-specific coding exons. Unlike site-specific recombination activating gene (RAG) activity, AID is target sequence independent 4. In this context, two recent studies found evidence that AID can induce rare point mutations or DSBs, respectively, in select non-Ig genes 5 , 6. These findings have spurred efforts to identify off-target AID activity and other putative non-Ig AID targets. Users may view, print, copy, download and text and data-mine the content in such documents, for the purposes of academic research, subject always to the full Conditions of use: It has recently been reported that AID can exhibit off-target point mutation activity in stimulated B cells 5 , 7. Moreover, the identification of chromosomal translocation breakpoints in or near Igh S regions in some B lymphoid cancers has suggested that AID could potentially stimulate ectopic chromosomal rearrangements, leading to oncogene activation 8. Consistent with this notion, it was recently found that AID can generate potentially oncogenic DSBs at the Myc proto-oncogene locus, albeit very rarely and at a substantially lower rate than class switch recombination (CSR)-initiating …


— By using various sampling windows, morphological wavelets are generalized in order for efficient image compression and video coding. In the case of morphological wavelets which are based on max-plus algebra, the approximation signal is corresponded to the minimum (or maximum) element among the elements of sampling window, and the detailed signals are corresponded to the subtraction of the fixed element and other ones of the sampling window. Therefore, the proposed wavelets can be generalized without any restriction with respect to the sampling window. Through the coding experiments by using test images/videos extracted from standard image/video database, the performance and properties of the morphological wavelets by using 5 different sampling windows are shown.


School social work practice decisions have been the focus of local and national surveys for several decades, most recently in 2014. The need to better understand these findings, particularly school social workers' practice decisions that appear counter to what the field's evidence base indicates is sound practice, led to the current qualitative study. Our inquiry focused on developing a deeper understanding of the impact of professional models (particularly the multitiered systems of support), training, and school context on practice. Data from 16 focus groups (N = 60) revealed that practitioners struggled with contextual constraints upon their work and encountered limited learning opportunities and support, to the extent that they could not consistently implement contemporary practice models. Implications for school social work policy, training, and practice are considered.


This paper examines recent developments in the growth and distribution of Welsh speakers within Cardiff-the capital city of Wales. Of particular interest is the relationship between the incidence of Welsh speakers and selected socio-economic attributes. The study highlights a significant and highly distinctive resurgence of interest in the language within a longanglicized metropolitan region. The patterns that emerge suggest a reversal of Hechter's classic model relating to a 'cultural division of labour', for these Welsh speakers are characteristically upwardly mobile professionals, and not members of a disadvantaged proletariat.


Transjordan as a part of Belad Esham was subject to the Ottoman authority dominated the area from 1516 G up to the Call of Sherif Mecca (Al Hussain Bin Ali) for the revolution on the Ottoman Authority in 1916 after being promised false promises many times, such as the promise given to Sherif Hussain for replacing the Turkish rule by the Arab rule, during that period Britain was making conspiracies with the big Greedy powers in the area through bilateral negotiation with France ended by signing a new treaty called Sykes-Picot Treaty where the Arab map was divided between the two Countries. Where Arabs found themselves after the 1 st world war after the defeat of Turkish state in 1918 G became under the rule of a news colonial powers, under what called the mandatory system which was established by the colonial powers to achieve their economic and social ambitions.


This thesis takes the typical cases of Anji bamboo industry cluster innovation as example in the ecological and cultural perspective to make the countermeasures of the development of independent innovation of bamboo industry cluster in the cultural,ecological and economic synergy.What's more,by promoting the bamboo's eco-cultural,learning bamboo spiritual values,enhancing the ecological value of bamboo,and promoting the bamboo industry cluster in the eco-rich concept,we can optimize and upgrade the core competitiveness of bamboo industry's in order to promote the sustainable development of China's bamboo industry cluster.


From time to time, public areas, like public transport stations or squares, have to transform in order to suit changing social circumstances and the resulting infrastructural requirements. Motivated by high financial costs, it is desirable to evaluate the expected reactions of the users of a site as early as in the planning stage, a purpose for which agent-based simulations have proved to be of high potential in the past. Therefore, this paper presents a method to model usage patterns of a multi-functional public place by simulating pedestrian behavior. This enables to evaluate the amount and spatial distribution of potential usage conflicts, and assess the suitability of the area. The method is applied to the example of the infrastructural situation of the Koenigsplatz in Augsburg, Germany, for which the situation prior to and after massive reconstruction measures is compared.


The most widely deployed distributed data servers are web servers, and more web servers are being deployed over the Internet, serving a wide range of both public and private users. Since these servers are exposed over the Internet with the intention of sharing information, the security of the information stored is a major concern. Most of the existing security mechanisms focus on external users who are connecting to servers over the Internet. Apart from external threats, security and intrusion threats from internal networks are also persistent and conventional protective measures are not able to handle such intrusions and security threats. This paper presents the design and implementation of an intrusion tolerant web server with CIA (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability) goals. The intrusion tolerant architecture is developed by considering diversity, redundancy, intrusion detection and IP reputation based filtering. Redundancy is added and a load balancer ensures that the server is available to serve users continuously. Diversity is included in the architecture to increase the system's resilience to attacks by use of multiple flavours of operating systems. Integrity is achieved by checking the message headers with the help of an intrusion detection system. The intrusion tolerant functionality is implemented and tested with two servers running windows and Linux operating systems. A sample file uploading application is developed with reputation based IP filtering. Snort is configured in both servers to detect attacks and alert users. The performance of the developed architecture is compared against standalone server. The web server temporarily blocks requests from the address from which an attack appears to originate. In a 5 minutes 28 seconds long test, the total hits received for the web sites are 106468 with peak transfer speed of 1.1 Mbps, and only 1 page request failed. The application can further be developed as an applet which can be used on all web servers to perform the reputation based blocking.


In this paper, we construct and analyze an energy stable scheme by combining the latest developed scalar auxiliary variable (SAV) approach and linear finite element method (FEM) for phase field crystal (PFC) model, and show rigorously that the scheme is first-order in time and second-order in space for the L 2 and H -1 gradient flow equations. To reduce efficiently computational cost and capture accurately the phase interface, we give a simple adaptive strategy, equipped with a posteriori gradient estimator, i.e. L 2 norm of the recovered gradient. Extensive numerical experiments are presented to verify our theoretical results and to demonstrate the effectiveness and accuracy of our proposed method.


OF THE DISCLOSURE A method of enhancing enzymatic reactions of organic amino acid amide compounds, esters thereof, and peni cillins, by conducting such reactions in frozen aqueous Systems. This invention relates to the control of enzymatic reac tions by selection of novel reaction media. More particu larly, the invention relates to the control of enzymatic re actions of organic chemicals by conducting Such reactions in frozen aqueous solutions. The possibility of performing organic chemical reactions in frozen aqueous solutions; i.e., in ice, has already been demonstrated and the potential advantages of such reac tions has already been recognized. Thus, several studies have been published which indicate that chemical reac tions, may, surprisingly, proceed much more rapidly in ice than in liquid water. For example, in the article, "Imidazole-and-Base-Catalyzed Hydrolysis of Penicillin in Frozen Systems,' N. H. Grant, D. E. Clark and H. E. Alburn, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 82 (1961) 4476; it was dem onstrated that the hydrolytic opening of the beta lactam ring of penicillin catalyzed by imidazole and histidine, pro ceeded at a more rapid rate in ice medium than in water. It was suggested by the authors that the exceptionally high proton mobility in ice might be the reason for the facilita tion of fast proton transfer in either nucleophilic or general base catalysis of beta-lactam cleavage. The similar phenomenon of increased rate of reaction in aqueous frozen systems was found with respect to the acid-catalyzed dehydration of 5-hydro-6-hydroxyuridine in ice, as reported by W. H. Prusoff in his article entitled "Low-Temperature Reversal of the Ultraviolet Photo chemical Reaction Product of 2'-Deoxyuridine," Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 68 (1963) 302. The author concluded that the phenomenon could be of value in performing, by acid catalysis reactions of compounds which are unstable to the high acid strengths. required in non-frozen systems. Thus, it was conjectured that reactions in the frozen state might be conducted at about A000 the acid concentration, in extrapolation of the theory that the ice-reaction medium has holes in which minute amounts of liquid water are present, thereby to provide highly concentrated solutions in each hole in the solid ice medium. Following the foregoing teachings, A. R. Butler and T. C. Bruice attempted a quantitative comparison of reac tions in ice and in water media, respectively, as reported in their two papers; namely, "Catalysis in Water and Ice-A Comparison of the Kinetics of Hydrolysis of Acetic Anhydride, 3-Propiolactone, and p-Nitrophenyl Acetate and the Dehydration of 5-Hydro-6-Hydroxy Deoxyuridine in Water and in Ice," J. Am. Chem. Soc., 86 (1964) 313; and "Catalysis in Water and Ice (II)The Reaction of Thiolactones with Morpholine in Frozen Systems," J. Am. Chem. Soc., 86 (1964) 4104. In none of the prior work in this art, exemplified by the foregoing, has there been any Suggestion whatsoever that the activity of enzymes can be influenced beneficially by carrying out the enzyme reactions in other than the usual O


Abstract For monitoring (homogeneous) agricultural crops, a quantitative analysis of aerial photography tends to favour black and white multi-spectral aerial photography. For monitoring natural vegetation on the other hand, a visual interpretation may be of primary importance, necessitating false colour photography. If an additional quantitative analysis of false colour photography is required, e.g. for biomass assessment, application of a red filter (FCR) provides a considerable simplification of the analysis, resulting in broad-band red and near-infrared reflectance factors. The reflectance factor in the near-infrared shows a decreased contrast compared with black and white multi-spectral aerial photography. In practical applications, this decrease in contrast with FCR has to be weighed against the possibilities of a visual interpretation.


In this paper I discuss a set of puzzles arising from belief reports containing proper names. In section 2 I present the linguistic data, the scenario in which the puzzles arise, and the puzzles themselves. In section 3 I outline how a naive descriptivist theory of names could deal with some, but not all of the puzzles. In section 4 I show that Kripke's (1972) theory of names offers different solutions to some of the puzzles, but also fails to account for at least one of them. These sections are not intended as serious presentations or critiques of the two positions, but as a way of laying out the properties of the puzzles in more detail. In 5 I argue that the version of Kripke's theory developed by Soames (2002) offers potential solutions to all of the puzzles, primarily in virtue of its differentiated conception of meaning and information. Section 6 sketches a linguistic analysis of the puzzles that is similar in spirit to the philosophical solutions offered under Soames's theory, but differs in technical detail and formulation. Finally, section 7 discusses some open ends and variations on the puzzle.