T he study of a small group of periti at the Second Vatican Council might raise some questions, or at least some form of surprise, especially when one is accustomed to reading about the Council's heroes. In terms of self-representation, many periti from the United States themselves expressed that they were more or less experts "in nomine," not "in re."1 Some historians seem to agree. Most stories about the Council focus on its "stars." From an American point of view, John Courtney Murray, S.J., would be the legitimate subject of a true peritus story. Other examples of prominent experts include Pope Benedict XVI, the peritus Joseph Ratzinger during the Council, Yves Congar, O.P., and Henri de Lubac, S.J. The latter two became cardinals before their lives ended. However, beyond due consideration of those with such curricula, the risk remains of falling into the trap of the historians' greatest enemies: teleology. Because certain churchmen became prominent figures in the years after the Council, we tend to believe, perhaps uncritically, that they played a significant role at Vatican II. But it was not only the most prominent participants who decided the Council's agenda, and voted on, promulgated, and implemented its documents. Often others made contributions, either individually or as part of a collective influence. More radically, the possibility for them to voice their ideas is based on their sharing most of their features with the group they belong to: the role they played was made possible because they were part of a collective, social construction of reality.2 This study examines the American periti, or official experts, appointed to the Second Vatican Council, to uncover the sociological and cultural features of this group of theologians and biblical scholars, attempting to measure the cultural, epistemological,


Heart auscultation is a primary and cost-effective form of clinical examination of the patient. PCG signal is used as a diagnostic test for evaluating the status of the heart and it helps in identifying related diseases. There are several limitations and practical problems in the human auditory system when it comes to phonocardiogram (PCG) signal analysis in a clinical environment, despite the cognitive skills and expertise of the medical examiner. Thus, the assessments provided by cardiac auscultation are subjective and sometimes provide an inaccurate diagnosis. The objective of this research is to develop an efficient heart auscultation system by implementing necessary pre-processing and suitable filtering techniques. The problem of controlling the noise level has been one of the research topics over the years. The various filters used are IIR Butterworth and Chebyshev digital filters, FIR filters, LMS filter, Wiener filter, Wavelet transform based filter and cascading of these filters were also done and the filter which gives the highest value of SNR and good tone audibility score is chosen as the most efficient filter for noise removal. Based on the performance comparison of various filtering technique and calculation of heart rate, an efficient heart auscultation system is developed to assist medical practitioners in PCG signal analysis.


Background:Berberine (BBR) is a kind of alkaloid derived from Chinese herbal medicine, which has multiple pharmacological activities including anti-atherosclerosis (AS). However, the mechanism underlying the role of BBR in modulating lipid metabolic disorders is not fully clear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the beneficial effects of BBR on AS in ApoE-/- mice and its potential mechanisms.Methods: Eight-week old ApoE-/- mice with high-fat diet (HFD) and wild type mice were administered eitherBBR (50mg/kg/d and 100mg/kg/d, respectively) or equivoluminal saline. After the 16-week treatment, the blood was collected for lipid evaluation, and aorta and liver were obtained from the mice for hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, oil red O staining and Western blotting. HepG2 Cells were treated by BBR (0, 5, 25, and 50 μg/ml) for 24 hours. Real-time PCR or Western blotting was used to examine the expression levels of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), LDL receptor (LDLR), ATP-binding cassette transporter A1(ABCA1), ATP-binding cassette transporter G1(ABCG1) and scavenger receptor class B type I(SR-BI).Results: BBR significantly decreased serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (LDL-C) and increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level in ApoE-/- mice fed with HFD. Moreover, BBR markedly reduced aorta atheroscleroticplaque, ameliorated lipid deposition in the liver in vivo. BBR could also promote intracellular cholesterol efflux and regulate LDLR and PCSK9 expression via the ERK1/2 pathway in HepG2 cells.Conclusions: BBR could improve lipid metabolism, decrease aorta AS and hepatic lipid accumulation in ApoE-/- mice fed with HFD, which was associated with down-regulation of PCSK9 through ERK1/2 pathway.


Longitudinal cohort studies examining different generations can explain how health problems can be transmitted through genetic and environmental mechanisms and their effects on the health of offspring. This study aimed to present the design and to describe the characteristics of the baseline sample of a second generation cohort.


Two microsporidia have been described infecting honey bees worldwide: Nosema apis and Nosema ceranae. The infecting forms of the parasite are the spores, ingested by the adult host insects. Studies demonstrated that the infection with Nosema spp. range from less than 1 to 100 percent, this disease reduces worker longevity by 22-44% which in turn reduces honey production and causes incomplete crop pollination. However, the used conventional drugs in beekeeping sector has a strong limitation due to the big concern about antibiotics resistance, transmission of antibiotics residues in beehive products and to a lesser extent, unbalancing risk of bee gut microbiota.This review highlights the importance to have healthy bee colonies, which implicitly lead to safety bee products. For this reason, orientation towards alternative treatments without antibiotics and based on natural products with higher antimicrobial effects it is very topical.


Abstract: We propose the utilization of deep learning to create an automated system for classifying medicinal plants, enabling swift identification of beneficial plant species. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are renowned for their exceptional capabilities in extracting and classifying features. Our proposed model, named "deep learning model," is developed by extracting features and employing a CNN classifier, resulting in high accuracy and minimal prediction time when applied to real-time images. The system consists of three modules: image pre-processing, image feature extraction, and image classification. During the initial pre-processing step, we conduct RGB conversion to extract the green band from input images. In the subsequent step, after pre-processing, we extract features such as shape, color, and texture from the pre-processed image. These features are then utilized to classify the image as either medicinal or a regular leaf. Plants have been utilized as a medicinal resource in Ayurveda since ancient times. The identification of the correct plant is a crucial step in the preparation of Ayurvedic medicine, traditionally carried out manually. However, with the need for mass production, it becomes essential to automate the process of plant identification. In this study, we propose the implementation of a technique that employs a CNN algorithm, along with an ensemble supervised machine learning algorithm that considers color, texture, and geometrical features, for the identification of medicinal plants. The Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is utilized for classification and determining the plant class


Resources for understanding Northern Appalachian culture, issues, and challenges. Learn about the indigenous peoples, immigrants, and culture of Northern Appalachia


The specialized Farmers' cooperatives are the important carrier of modern agriculture.Viewd from the neo-institutional economics and the actual conditions of China agriculture and rural economic development,the article reviewd the development process of the cooperatives and probes the restraining factors as well as the operating conditions.Furthermore,it offered the western regions,especially Chengdu Urban and Rural Synthetically Reform Testing District,with constructive opinions and suggestions.


........................................................................................................................................... v LIST OF FIGURES: ............................................................................................................................. vii LIST OF ANNEXURES: ...................................................................................................................... vii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS: .............................................................................................................. vii CHAPTER ONE .....................................................................................................................................


: The paper describes the measurement of cylindrical charge wall velocity profiles at various angles to the surface normal. The wall velocities were measured using simple zero generation photonic Doppler velocimetry (PDV). The detonation velocity was measured simultaneously using fiber optic probes coupled with a digital chronometer. The PDV probe angles were set in the range of -2° to 17° to the surface normal. Powdered pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) and the PETN-based plastic-bonded explosive Semtex 1A were selected as the explosive materials in order to ensure reliable detonation under the measurement conditions. The explosive charges were confined in thin-walled aluminum tubes with an internal diameter of 16 mm and wall thickness of 2 mm. The results can be useful for the characterization of charge expansion phenomena and also for the optimization of cylinder test measurements using PDV. Gurney constants were determined for both explosives.


OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the efficacy of HLA- haploidentical donor hematopoietic transplantation (Haplo- HSCT)for severe aplastic anemia (SAA)by compared with the same period of unrelated donor transplantation (UD- HSCT).

METHODS
Of a cohort of 50 SAA patients between September 2012 and July 2014, 26 patients underwent UD- HSCT and 24 patients Haplo- HSCT.

RESULTS
OS rate was 91.3% with a median follow-up of 9 (2-26)months. According to transplant type, there was no significant difference between UD- and Haplo-HSCT (96.1%vs 86.0%,P=0.30). 3 of 50 (6%)patients had primary engraft failure. Haplo- HSCT developed higher significantly incidence of Ⅱ- Ⅳ aGVHD (37.5%vs 3.83%,P=0.003)and cGVHD (37.5%vs 15.3%,P=0.030)than UD-HSCT. Haplo-HSCT also had significantly higher incidences of CMV viremia (78.2%vs 46.1%,P=0.005)and EBV viremia (43.1%vs 16.0%,P=0.040), respectively than UD-HSCT. But the incidences of hemorrhagic cystitis were similar between two transplant types (39.1%vs 23.0%,P=0.120).

CONCLUSION
This study showed favorable outcome of Haplo-HSCT for SAA, which was comparable with UD-HSCT.


Low impedance, antifouling coatings on gold electrodes based on three new zwitterionic phenyl phosphorylcholine (PPC)-based layers namely 1) reductively adsorbed PPC diazonium salt, 2) dithiocarbamate PPC SAM and 3) lipoamide PPC SAM (PPC coupled to α-lipoic acid) were evaluated. The layers were assessed for their ability to limit nonspecific adsorption of proteins to electrode surface with some significant differences observed compared with previously studied PPC diazonium salts reductively adsorbed on glassy carbon. Fluorescence microscopy and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy results suggest that protein adsorption is sensitive to the difference in the structure of the PPC molecules and the charge neutrality of the layers. The lipoamide PPC SAM was shown to be the most effective at resisting nonspecific protein adsorption and this layer was as effective as the 'gold standard' of oligo(ethylene oxide) SAMs on gold and PPC diazonium salts reductively adsorbed on glassy carbon.


The status of the Solar Total Energy Large Scale Experiment at the 87,000 troop housing complex at Fort Hood's Main Post area is described. Five building containing 155,560 ft/sup 2/ of floor area are to be served by solar space heating, air conditioning, and domestic hot water. Initial design efforts toward a parabolic trough collector field are described, and the decision by DOE Headquarters that the use of a central receiver solar thermal power system be considered is discussed. A life-cycle cost comparison analysis between the Fort Hood and Shenandoah Solar Total Energy Large Scale Experiments is given. (WHK)


In this paper, we consider the effect of the initial sample size on the performance of a sequential approach that used in selecting a good enough simulated system, when the number of alternatives is very large. We implement a sequential approach on M/M/1 queuing system under some parameter settings, with a different choice of the initial sample sizes to explore the impacts on the performance of this approach. The results show that the choice of the initial sample size does affect the performance of our selection approach. Keywords—Ranking and Selection, Ordinal Optimization, Optimal Computing Budget Allocation, Subset Selection, Indifference-Zone, Initial Sample Size.


In mineral processing projects, it is crucial ensure the equipment efficiency, highly influenced by the intrinsic variability of ore characteristics. To characterize the ore, laboratory and pilot tests are conducted. Pilot tests are generally expensive, so they are performed only for a few samples. Laboratory tests are cheaper, and, therefore, can be carried out using more samples for better representation of the ore reserve diversity. However, the repeatability of results in industrial scale is not defined. In an effort to verify the accordance between these tests and the industrial practices, the results of a plant operation were compared to the results of a dynamic simulation, calibrated with data from laboratory tests, for the period of one year. Initially, the plant ROM (run of mine) was tracked. Then, sample mixtures that represented its characteristics, such as content and size distribution, were obtained. The plant has screening, magnetic separation, desliming, and flotation operations and laboratory tests are available for the last three mentioned processes. Thus, the process was simulated, using the real plant downtime, and a control strategy similar to that practiced in the plant, so that it was possible to determine a theoretical output that would be obtained if laboratory testing accurately represented the operation. It was observed that there was acceptable conformity in the flotation and desliming process and little conformity in magnetic separation


Sraffa's mature work is seen here as a re-discovery and resumption of the 'submerged and forgotten' approach of the 'old classical economists from Adam Smith to Ricardo'. Wages determined by broad economic and social forces entail there product prices determined independently of demand and supply functions. Some main questions raised for the modern economists by this radical reorientation of economic theory are then considered in order to conclude that it is aginst that background that Sraffa's mature work should be set with its three main contributions, of a rediscovery of the approach, of a complete and transparent solution of the problems of price determination it raises, and of its application to the critique of neoclassical theory. Among several developments originating from Sraffa's seminal work, two are singled out for mention: (i) the possibility of deficiencies of aggregate demand in the long period no less than in the short one; this follows naturally from the abandonment of the neoclassical theory of distribution, of which the role of the interset rate in equilibrating savings and investment is a corollary; (ii) the question of the distribution of the surplus between wages and profits in a modern economy where wages are no longer confined to subsistence.


The utility model discloses a reel type multifunctional automatic spraying machine which belongs to spraying machine. The utility model comprises a machine frame, a reel, a PE pipe, a driving mechanism and water spraying vehicle. Wherein, the water spraying vehicle(10) is provided with an automatic drug spraying device which is arranged in line with the main water pipe of a water spraying gun(17) connecting with the outlet of a drug conducting pipe(15). The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, fine spraying effect, low cost, easy and convenient operation, multifunction within one machine, water and drug spraying functions as well as fertilization, etc.


Earthquake mitigation for infrastructure, especially bridges, needs to be done to avoid collapse of the bridge structure under earthquake load. The investigation and rehabilitation of existing bridges against earthquake hazards needs to be carried out through a screening process based on The Bridge Inspection Guidelines (Pd No.005-01/P/BM/2011). Based on the results of the inspection and the screening process, it can be determined whether the bridge is able to resist earthquake loads during its service lifetime or needs to be strengthened. This study aims to determine the strength capacity of Harbour Road bridges in resisting earthquake loads based on SNI 2833 2016 and Peta Gempa Nasional 2017 during its service lifetime. Analysis of the pushover structure was carried out at Pierhead 231 which is located on the WiyotoWiyono Harbour Road,Jakarta. The modeling of Harbour Road bridge structure in longitudinal direction consists of piers and concrete girder separated by expansion joint and bearing, while in transverse direction is modeled as a single pier system. Structural analysis modeling is assumed to behave as a system with single degree of freedom (SDOF). Based on the results of pushover analysis, it can be seen the location and level of plastic hinge that occur when the performance point is reached. During design earthquake conditions, the performance point is obtained in the Immediate Occupancy condition and the plastic hinge occurs first at the bottom of the Pier. Structural performance at the time of the earthquake design is still under life safety conditions so the Harbour Road bridge still meets the strength requirements.


Adopting literature documents,watching and data statistics,the author analyzed skill major in getting score by the way of boxing,kicking,wrestling and using frenquency in SANDA in the second sports meet in Chongqing City.The result shows that boxing get lowest score,straight boxing get highest score.Rush boxing use frequently.Side boxing and outflanking boxing havn't been used as major attack way and disappear gradually because of less effect.Kicking get score lower than wrestling.Side kicking get score higher and be used frequently.Direct kicking is used less,but some one gets higher score.It's a po- tential way.Turing kicking and hack kicking are out of match because of less effect.Wrestling get highest score.


Using a nationally representative and multisource data set, this study examines the mediating role of organisational commitment in the relationship between group incentives and financial performance. The study also investigates the moderating role of innovation in these relationships. The results demonstrate that organisational commitment partially mediates the relationship between group incentives and financial performance. The findings of this study support the hypotheses that the relationships of group incentives with organisational commitment and financial performance are stronger in more innovative companies than in less innovative companies. The results provide implications on how group incentives affect financial performance and which organisations in particular should provide their employees with group incentive practices. Contact: Professor Rhokeun Park, College of Business Administration, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, 107 Imun-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 130-791, Korea. Email: rkpark75@ hufs.ac.kr


This paper explores the role of the private and voluntary sectors in helping to fill gaps in public sector social welfare provision and considers the extent to which this augments or weakens the democratic process. While the public sector has tended to be the major provider in European social welfare systems, since the late 1980s there has been a notable trend towards increasing use of privately provided support and grey services as people (and governments) have sought solutions outside of the state welfare system. This shift has been fuelled by an increasing emphasis on measures that encourage efficiency, productivity and competitiveness as well as pressures on the sustainability of welfare systems which have been exacerbated by the recent global financial crisis. The paper proceeds as follows. First, we discuss the emerging 'disorganised welfare mix' and the implications of restructuring welfare regimes according to quasi-market principles. We ask whether these approaches resolve or exacerbate the 'dilemmas' of welfare provision, particularly in terms of wider democratic goals and social inclusion. Second, we examine empirical case studies from Britain, the US and New Zealand of the Private Finance Initiative, Asset-Based Community Development and the new contractualism to investigate how adoption of neoliberalising welfare strategies is reconstituting democracy in Europe and beyond. Third, we map the current state of welfare provision in Europe through a critical analysis of the European Social Model (EMS) and the Welfare Triangle. Finally, we use further examples from Europe to analyse the contradictions between the goals of social protection and regulation that underpin European social policy and the demands for increased flexibilisation and privatisation promoted by the European Single Market and the rulings of the European Court of Justice.


Income smoothing is a common practice by managers to reduce the change ups and downs ( uc- tuations) in income, which is expected to have bene cial eects for the evaluation of management performance. This study aimed to nd out if there are dierences between the company of income smoothing and not income smoothing and to examine the factors that in uence the practice of income smoothing of Company Size, Return On Assets, Net Pro t Margin, Operating Pro t Margin, Financial Leverage and Bonus Plan. The sample consisted of 74 manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the ve years from 2006 to 2010 with a population of as many as 151 companies. The sampling technique used in this study was purposive sampling judgment. To identify companies that do not practice income smoothing earnings and income smoothing practices by using the Index Eckel. Eckel Index calculation is done through three stages, 2006 to 2008, from 2006 to 2009, and 2006 to 2010. Statistical analysis used consisted of (1) univariate test, to determine the signi cance of the dierence between the company of income smoothing and not income smoothing, in this case using the Independent Samples T-test if normally distributed data and Mann-Whitney U test if data were not normally distributed, (2)multivariate test, using binary logistic regression to determine the factors that aect income smoothing. Based on the results of univariate analysis using Mann-Whitney Test there are dierences in Return on Assets, Net Pro t Margin and Operating Pro t Margin between the companies that make pro ts by income smoothing practice with not practice income smoothing. In multivariate analysis simultaneously or separately on the six independent variables, only the variable Return on Assets, Net Pro t Margin and Operating Pro t Margin signi cant in uence on earnings smoothing.


One investigates the bases of university chiefs' psychological-pedagogic impact on target audience in creating an image. The article deals with the issues of psychological assurance, of pedagogical communication as an impact instrument on an information consumer, referring positive relation to the image of the educational institution, one emphasizes speech impact channels on the recipient, discloses their essence, gives source characteristics of impact. One marks the necessity of the university administration and teaching staff occurrence of such qualities as liability, readiness, involvement, providing process productivity, in the process of communication with image habitat. The Levels of semantic understanding a message by an information consumer are described.


This article describes aircraft DC generator voltage regulation. The basic principles of an aircraft DC generator and a carbon-pile voltage regulator are explained. The experimental part starts with the creation of a mathematical model of both the aircraft generator and the voltage regulator. Then a simulation of the generator-regulator system in the MATLAB-Simulink program was done. The results of this simulation, represented by the generator's external load characteristics and the voltage-time characteristics of the generator-regulator system are then presented in this paper.


Objective: To evaluate the clinical characteristics between patients with tuboovarian abscess and those presenting with non-tuboovarian abscess in acute pelvic inflammatory disease according to the operation findings. Methods: The patients were divided into 2 groups based on the operation findings at laparoscopic surgery; 56 patients diagnosed with evidence of tuboovarian abscess and 74 patients diagnosed with acute pelvic inflammatory disease without tuboovarian abscess. Those were compared with respect to patient characteristics, clinical and laboratory findings depending on the significant differences. Results: There were no significant differences between the two groups considering the percentage of age, parity, mean abortion rate and rate of the history of previous pelvic inflammatory disease. But there were differences in mean white blood cell count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein level. A higher number of patients having intrauterine devices were observed in the tuboovarian abscess group than in the non-tuboovarian abscess group. Also, statistical significance was noted in hospital stay after operation but there was no difference in number of sick days prior to operation. Conclusion: Our results suggest that some variables noted between the tuboovarian abscess group and acute pelvic inflammatory disease group. These results make easier to calculate diagnostic accuracy of patients prone to developing tuboovarian abscess and prevent subsequent complications from the delay of treatment if sensitivity, specificity, negative and positive predictive values were assessed.


Abstract Routines to facilitate the treatment of disorder in invariom modeling have been implemented in the open-source program MolecoolQt, a visualization program for charge-density work, and InvariomTool, a pre-processor program. Two published structures of an amino acid and a dipeptide and the new structure of cefaclor, a cephalosporin antibiotic, provide examples with increasing amounts of disorder, which can now be successfully modeled with invarioms. Like for ordered structures, these non-spherical scattering factors predicted by density functional theory significantly improve the structural model (figures of merit and standard deviations) also in these cases. Furthermore, they allow rapid calculation and comparison of the electrostatic potential and the molecular dipole moment for the different conformers present in the crystal structures.


1. Hyperglycaemia in the vast majority of humans with diabetes mellitus is the end result of profound insulin resistance secondary to obesity. For patients in treatment, hyperglycaemia is usually not sustained but, rather, occurs intermittently. In in vivo studies of the rat intestinal microcirculation, endothelial impairment occurs within 30 min at D‐glucose concentrations ≥ 300 mg/dL. Endothelial‐dependent dilation to acetylcholine and constriction to noradrenaline is impaired. Vasodilation to exogenous nitric oxide (NO) remains normal.


Considering problems existing in current artificial anal sphincter models, an artificial anal sphincter model based on rectal perception function reconstruction is proposed in this paper. Feature of rectal pressure signal was extracted with wavelet packet transform, then Fisher Linear Discriminant Analysis and defecation prediction was conducted with SVM (Support Vector Machine). The bio-mechanical compatibility of the artificial anal sphincter model was also studied in this paper. The structure of the actuator was designed. For the purpose of testing the bio-mechanical compatibility and the feasibility of the model, finite element analysis was conducted for the contact of the rectum and actuator referring to the bio-mechanical feature of rectum. The simulation results of the pressure cloud chart and the displacement cloud chart show that the pressure in the compression zone is lower than that of the driving pressure threshold value of the normal mesenteric vessels to ensure the normal blood supply of the rectum. The medical mechanism owns good feasibility and bio-mechanical compatibility, which provides an important reference for the solution of the clinical fecal incontinence problems.


Business use internal control to guide their operations, safeguard assets and prevent abuses their system. Management is responsible for designing and applying five elements of internal control. The results from the evaluation of Internal Control in Production Control System and Cost System are the company has a good enough internal control in both their systems, such as, implement the segregation of duties, effective and efficiency in their manual operation procedure, controlling their documents and assets. But one thing the company needs to be done is the using of pre-numbered form. Most of all their forms have not been a pre-numbered form.


Department of Psychology, Seton Hall University, South Orange, New Jersey Correspondence Amy S. Joh, Department of Psychology, Seton Hall University, 400 South Orange Avenue, South Orange, NJ 07079. Email: firstname.lastname@example.com Funding Information This research was supported by Seton Hall University. Abstract This study examined sex difference in spatial reasoning, a type of spatial cognition necessary for everyday activities. An aggregated data set was composed of data from 273 3to 4-year olds who participated in 12 different studies using variants of the same spatial reasoning task. This data set was used to investigate whether and how sex difference is related to learning opportunities through training. The results showed that boys outperform girls in general, but this sex difference was influenced by training.When children received additional training, boys showed improved spatial reasoning ability compared to girls. But when children did not receive additional training, there was no sex difference. The type and amount of training did not influence the sex difference in this data set. These findings add to our understanding of how sex difference in spatial cognition emerges in early development.


While everybody is worrying about when the avian influenza A (H5N1) virus will adapt well enough in human to cause a pandemic, the emergence of a novel swine-origin influenza A (H1N1) virus (S-OIV) has shocked the world. On 29 April 2009, the World Health Organization raised the pandemic alert level from phase 4 to 5. As of 15 May, there have been 7503 laboratory-confirmed cases of S-OIV infections and 65 confirmed deaths globally, with more than 95% of the confirmed cases and all the deaths from the American continent. The S-OIV genome is made up of a unique combination of gene segments that had not been observed in previously known influenza A viruses as a result of genetic reassortment.


The Capacitation and exposition automotive and autopartist center of the 7th of august. Is localizated in the south west corner of the intersection of the calle 72 with carrera 24, in the city of Bogota, Colombia. The project is part of a serie of urban interventions inside the place named the 7th of august. composed between calle 63 and 72, and the Caracas Aveniue and NQS aveniue, these interventions look forward potentialize and improve the ambientals, socials, spacials, healthies and economics conditions of the place. Keeping the use and the vocation characteristic of the place, the automotive mechanic, and the commercialization and fabrication of autoparts.


AN188, a 4-page fact sheet by Matt Hersom and Jeffrey N. Carter, is the third of a three-part series on protein requirements of beef cattle. It applies the knowledge from the first two parts in a realistic example, by providing descriptions of one beef cow in three different productive states, and the nutrient profiles of the corresponding diet. Includes a table showing how changes in diet quantity and nutrient composition affect cow body composition. Published by the UF Department of Animal Sciences, August 2007. Revised April 2010.


Objective:To analyze the changes of health equity in Wuyuan County after the implementation of rural health serviceintegrated management, discuss the practical countermeasures of improving health equity.Methods:The data from the survey of"Building and Evaluating the Appropriate Township-Village Integration Model to Improve Health Service Capacity in Inner Mongolia"were applied by calculating the concentration index so as to analyze the changes of health equity after the implementation of ruralhealth service integrated management.Results:Before and after this integration model, reported health index's concentration indexfrom different income groups went from-0.09 to-0.08, but chronic disease's concentration index went from-0.15 to-0.12.Conclusion:After the implementation of rural health service integrated management, the regional health equity was improved. Moreover, differ-ent health variable had differences in the sensitive degree of health equity.


Quality-oriented education aims to shape sound character and enhance the harmonious development of knowledge,ability,and good qualities in university students.Efforts should be devoted to the upgrading of their ideological and ethical standards,scientific and educational levels,and their legal awareness,as these are indispensable qualities in sound personality.


ABSTRACT This article presents a case study that examines how an online social networking community is constituted through intercultural discourse on the part of one learner sojourning in the US. Using Byram's model of intercultural communicative competence, this study examines the learner's naturalistic communication in a social networking site (SNS). The qualitative analysis indicates that the learner acted upon the affordances of SNSs to reflect on her intercultural experiences and displayed evidence of intercultural understanding during her study abroad years. The learner's intercultural knowledge, attitudes, and discovery are shown to be co-constructed by her and other members in the online discourse. This study indicates that computer-mediated communities like SNSs provide the learner with a space in which she documented her cultural experience and reflected on those experiences in real-time exchanges with multilingual, multicultural users. Pedagogical implications are discussed.


In order to reveal the effect of UV-C irradiation on the base of cell structure among mechanism of inducing disease resistance in postharvest fruits and vegetables,the change of peel cell ultrastructure and infection inoculation of Alternaria in harvested green tomato fruits JIAFEN 15 irradiated by 2.4 kJ/m2 UV-C were studied when storied at 24℃ at the 4th and 8th day.The results showed that disintegration and senescence of the cell organelle such as chloroplast in treated tomato peel cell were delayed as compared to the control.The cell wall and cell matrix of the fruit treated with UVC showed to be thick and had high electron-opaque.Infection inoculation of irradiated fruits by UV-C was reduced 31.67 percentage point significantly compared to the control after inoculation 3 d and was reduced 15.27 percentage point after 10 d,the disease index was reduced 16.90 at the 10th.Disease resistance and defence of cell wall of 2.4 kJ/m2 UV-C treated fruits were enhanced.


ABSTRACT Through the analysis of the studies developed by Mikhail Bakhtin regarding the work of Fyodor Dostoevsky and François Rabelais, this article aims to discuss the boundaries and the relationship between corpus and object. Therefore, we compared two Brazilian editions of Bakhtinian works, with the research on the French author and popular comic culture, with a set of texts involving the Russian original, frame-texts, translations, and other correlated utterances. The reflection is based on a dialogical perspective, particularly on the notion of alterity. The results show that, although corpus and object are a priori amalgamated, it is the essential relationship of the author-researcher with this corpus that gradually detached the object.


Objective To compare the VEGF-C,HIF-1α and p16 gene expression of cancer and normal tissues in patients with colon cancer to explore the correlation between them and their clinical significance.Methods A total of 100 colon cancer patients were detected by immunohistochemical method to find out VEGF-C,HIF-1α,p16 gene expression,statistics analysis software was applied to analyze their correlation while the relation of colon cancer clinical symptoms.Results The expression rates of VEGF-C,HIF-1α and p16 gene were 70%,65%,69% in colon cancer tissues,higher than normal tissues.The correlation analysis results suggested that VEGF-C,HIF-1α,and p16 genes were related with colon cancer;the relationship was positive between VEGF-C and HIF-1α,negative beteewn p16 and HIF-1α.They all had relations with clinical symptoms.Conclusion The expressions of VEGF-C,HIF-1α and p16 in colon cancer are closely related,and they can reflect the clinical parameters of colon cancer.


We hypothesize that selective lesion of the septohippocampal GABAergic neurons suppresses the altered behaviors induced by an N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, ketamine or MK‐801. In addition, we hypothesize that septohippocampal GABAergic neurons generate an atropine‐resistant theta rhythm that coexists with an atropine‐sensitive theta rhythm in the hippocampus. Infusion of orexin‐saporin (ore‐SAP) into the medial septal area decreased parvalbumin‐immunoreactive (GABAergic) neurons by ∼80%, without significantly affecting choline‐acetyltransferase‐immunoreactive (cholinergic) neurons. The theta rhythm during walking, or the immobility‐associated theta induced by pilocarpine, was not different between ore‐SAP and sham‐lesion rats. Walking theta was, however, more disrupted by atropine sulfate in ore‐SAP than in sham‐lesion rats. MK‐801 (0.5 mg/kg i.p.) induced hyperlocomotion associated with an increase in frequency, but not power, of the hippocampal theta in both ore‐SAP and sham‐lesion rats. However, MK‐801 induced an increase in 71–100 Hz gamma waves in sham‐lesion but not ore‐SAP lesion rats. In sham‐lesion rats, MK‐801 induced an increase in locomotion and an impairment of prepulse inhibition (PPI), and ketamine (3 mg/kg s.c.) induced a loss of gating of hippocampal auditory evoked potentials. MK‐801‐induced behavioral hyperlocomotion and PPI impairment, and ketamine‐induced auditory gating deficit were reduced in ore‐SAP rats as compared to sham‐lesion rats. During baseline without drugs, locomotion and auditory gating were not different between ore‐SAP and sham‐lesion rats, and PPI was slightly but significantly increased in ore‐SAP as compared with sham lesion rats. It is concluded that septohippocampal GABAergic neurons are important for the expression of hyperactive and psychotic symptoms an enhanced hippocampal gamma activity induced by ketamine and MK‐801, and for generating an atropine‐resistant theta. Selective suppression of septohippocampal GABAergic activity is suggested to be an effective treatment of some symptoms of schizophrenia. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


In a nuclear reactor, the problem of the heat transfer from the fuel to the cooler is complicated by the presence of the can, and especially by the surface of separation between the can and the fissile material. The realization of a fuel element resulting from the combination of the fuel and the can has instigated many researches, from which a great number of manufacturing methods have been developed. A review is given of the processes of forming the combustible elements, which are classed in two groups: 1) Independent shaping of two components followed by an assembling (free or semi-free can, mechanical or metallurgical bond). 2) Co-shaping (with mechanical or metallurgical bond). (auth)


In this study we have examined the developmental fate of a population of cells that is located beneath the rostral corpus callosum during the perinatal period. These cells form a distinct slinglike structure along the geographically defined corticoseptal boundary (CSB) and may play a role in guiding callosal axons across the midline. The sling is a transient structure present in fetal and neonatal animals but not in adults.


In this paper, the factors of Canadian homecare professionals' acceptance of mobile homecare systems (MHS) was investigated according to Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and Task-technology Fit (TTF). Firstly, a hypothetical model which was derived from the integration of TAM, TTF, Social Norm (SN) and Proficiency (P) was proposed for the homecare professionals' acceptance of MHS based on literatures about user acceptance of information technology (UAIT).Secondly, a questionnaire was designed for examination of proposed model according to previous related researches. Moreover, the reliability and validity of questionnaire were verified by collected data, and the hypothetical model was tested and coefficients among latent variables were estimated using linear structural equation. At last, discussion and explanation about the result was put forward.


A collection of empirical papers on the petite bourgeoisie is long overdue, and Bechhofer and Elliot's contribution is a timely addition to a continuing debate. Eight chapters are presented, and as Bechhofer and Elliot point out, they are not seriously comparative being drawn from very disparate situations 'to show that xh.t petite bourgeoisie still plays a role in many very different societies, and because such a strategy might be helpful in posing problems which further research could attack' (p.x) The book successfully fulfils both aims. The importance of the petite bourgeoisie in national terms is particularly stressed in the case of Italy (Suzanne Berger) and Poland (Bronislaw Misztal). Other studies are of panicular occupational groups, notably farmers (Newby et al. and Conway) and bakers (Bertraux and Bertraux-Wiame). Not surprisingly what comes over most strongly from such disparate studies is the heterogeneity of the petite bourgeoisie, not only in terms of its own internal economy and 'polity', but also in its relations with other classes and with the state. The difference, for example, between the marginality of Howard Newby's small farmers in Britain and the strength of the petite bourgeoisie sector throughout the Italian economy (Suzanne Berger) is striking. When the heterogeneity is extended to the petite bourgeoisie in socialist Poland (Misztal) and in Third-World Senegal and Colombia (Gerry and Birkbeck) the uneasiness of the stratum itself might be matched by the uneasiness some readers will have with any use of the term 'petite bourgeoisie' u a imifying concept.


Abstract This essay explores the work of C.L.R. James in an effort to rethink the democratic import of dialectical thought. James is best known as a West Indian Marxist and the author of The Black Jacobins, but he is also a deeply democratic thinker and a creative reader of Hegel. Alongside the more orthodox Marxist strand of his thought, James develops a mode of dialectical reflection that is attentive to a sense of democratic uncertainty and that aims to enrich political participation among ordinary citizens. By thinking both with and against James, and by exploiting the ambiguities in his postwar writings on dialectics and American democratic culture, I argue that James inspires a kind of participatory democratic ethos grounded in the language and conceptual resources of Hegelian humanist thought and modern dialectical reflection.


A treatment-related coronary arteriopathy has been observed in the dog following the oral or intravenous administration of 4 potent phosphodiesterase type III inhibiting inodilators at high multiples of their ED50 for periods from 1 day to 6 months. A fifth compound of a similar pharmacological class exhibited limiting toxicity at low multiples of its ED50 and this compound failed to induce coronary arterial lesions. The earliest treatment-related findings observed were medial hemorrhage and necrosis with focal breaks in the internal elastic lamina. Later changes, observed from day 9 onwards, included intimal thickening consisting of smooth muscle proliferation with a mucoid ground substance, variable and inconsistent inflammatory changes involving one or more arterial tunics and adventitial hemorrhage, fibrosis and neovascularization. The changes were restricted to the coronary arteries including the extramural and intramural branches. The distribution of lesions varied from widespread, multifocal involv...


14 Table 3 The results of pedagogical experiment Results of experiment (x±m) Serial number Index Groups The initial The intermediate The final EG 5,4±0,7 7,8±0,8 10,3±0,7 1. Pulling up (quantity of times) KG 5,6±0,42 8,1±0,5 11,0±0,6 EG – 10,7±0,1 10,5±0,1 2. Complex exercise on dexterity (seconds) KG – 10,6±0,2 10,4±0,2 EG 4,3±0,12 5,9±0,2 6,7±0,12 3. Draft of a bar a back (point) KG 4,1±0,15 4,25±0,2 4,5±0,15 EG 3,7±0,6 4,9±0,4 5,7±0,4 4. Lifting of the weight of 24 kg for 1 minute (point) KG 3,5±0,7 4,2±0,6 4,6±0,6 EG 14,5±0,2 14,0±0,15 14,0±0,13 5. Run of 100 m (seconds) KG 14,5±0,3 14,2±0,12 14,1±0,11 801±12 746±15 738±18 6. Run of 3000 m (seconds) KG 799±11 788±20 764±21


OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate white matter microstructural damage and its relationship with cognitive impairment in a large population of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) at different disease stages.
 BACKGROUND: Cognitive deficits are common in PD and can occur even in the early stages of the disease. Cognitive deficits in PD usually involve executive functions and can result in a mild cognitive impairment (MCI) evolving to overt dementia.
 DESIGN/METHODS: We enrolled 168 PD patients (105 without cognitive impairment [PD-ncog]; 48 with MCI [PD-MCI] and 15 with dementia [PD-DEM]), and 41 healthy controls (HC). PD and controls underwent a clinical and neuropsychological evaluation. Tract-based spatial statistics were used to perform a voxel-wise analysis of fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD), adjusted for subject's age.
 RESULTS: All PD patients showed decreased FA and increased MD in the splenium of corpus callosum (CC), right frontal WM and internal capsule. In PD-MCI, WM damage spreads to anterior regions of CC, bilateral frontal, anterior temporal and parietal WM. WM damage increased in severity in PD-DEM, involving frontal and parietal WM . PD-DEM vs PD-ncog patients showed alterations in the body of CC There were no differences in DT MRI metrics in PD-DEM vs PD-MCI subjects.
 CONCLUSIONS: WM damage in PD becomes more severe with worsening of cognitive performance. WM damage spreads in the anterior regions in PD-MCI, showing the maximum severity in PD-DEM patients. Assessing WM alterations may improve the understanding of the mechanisms associated with cognitive impairment in PD.
 Study Supported by: Italian Ministry of Health (#GR-2009-1577482); Ministry of Science and Technology of the Republic of Serbia (#175095). Disclosure: Dr. Galantucci has nothing to disclose. Dr. Agosta has received personal compensation for activities with Biogen Idec and Serono Symposia International Foundation. Dr. Gagliardi has nothing to disclose. Dr. Caso has nothing to disclose. Dr. Stankovic has nothing to disclose. Dr. Petrovic has nothing to disclose. Dr. Stojkovic has nothing to disclose. Dr. Kostic has received personal compensation for activities with Novartis, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Merck & Co., Inc., Lundbeck Research USA, Inc., GlaxoSmithKline, Hoffman-La Roche, Alkaloid, and
AbbVie as a speaker. Cure PSP, Alzheimer9s Drug Discovery Foundation, and the Jacques and Gloria Gossweiler


In this paper a transformer coupled multi-input dc-dc converter (TCMDDC) based solar photovoltaic system for standalone applications is proposed. The proposed TCMDDC can realize maximum power point tracking and battery charge control while maintaining proper voltage level. In the process it allows reduction in number of power conversion stages as compared to the existing standalone schemes. This leads to enhancements in efficiency and reliability of the proposed scheme. Further, it allows the use of low voltage levels for solar PV array and battery thereby eliminating concerns pertaining to the safety of personnel and equipment. A suitable control strategy that allows the TCMDDC to operate in different modes that are encountered in a standalone scheme is also devised. The viability of the scheme is ascertained through detailed analytical and simulation studies.


A dairy cattle breeding is one of the main directions of modern animal husbandry all over the world. The state of the industry is of great importance for the economy and food security of our state. The basis of dynamically developing dairy cattle breeding is the rearing of healthy young animals that will be able to realize their genetic potential and give high productivity. The purpose of the research was to study the effectiveness of the use of whole and fermented milk in feeding of heifers. The research was carried out in LLC "Agrofirma Zarya" of the Kurgan region on heifers of Blackand- White breed. The feeding of the calves of the experimental groups was the same, according to the feeding standards. Immediately after calving colostrum were given to the calves on the farm. Drinking the fi rst portion of colostrum was carried out during the fi rst 1,5–2 hours after calving and lasted for 10 days. Then the animals of experimental group were transferred to drinking fermented milk. During the studies the calves of the control group were given whole milk, and the animals of the experimental group received fermented milk. Fermented milk was drunk until the heifers reached a live weight of 84 kg. It was found that the diff erence in live weight between the control and experimental groups of heifers was 3,9 kg at 3 months of age, 11,2 kg (p ≤ 0,05) at 6 months of age, 7,2 kg at 10 months of age, 11,2 kg at 12 months of age in favor of the experimental group. Thus, drinking fermented milk to heifers has advantages over whole milk such as during the period of preweaning rearing, young animals are healthier due to the preliminary splitting of proteins with acid, which minimizes the occurrence of diarrhea in calves, in this regard, the live weight gain of calves increases and their livability improves.


The purpose of this essay is a critical investigation of Immanuel Kant's Zum Ewigen Frieden as a metaphysical and transcendental rather than political project. The essay argues that this project, despite Kant's protestations to the contrary, necessarily produces the `peace of the graveyard'. Eternal Peace needs to be understood not only as a guide to the creation of peaceful relations between states — a common interpretation reflected in the misleading translation of the treatise as `Perpetual Peace' — but also as a philosophical response to the problem of Difference in international politics. As such, it establishes many of the metaphysical tenets through which Liberalism has ever since attempted to establish the conditions for Eternal Peace via the ontological eradication of Difference and the operation of an ethnoand temporocentric epistemology. Consequently, Eternal Peace depends on the death, rather than affirmation, of the Political as the agonistic engagement with the Other.


In the present invention, a data storage unit (12) stores control content setting information (123), which is setting information in which home electrical appliances to be controlled and the control contents thereof are set, according to the control levels (multiple stages of control levels) corresponding to discomfort indexes. A control unit (13), upon calculating a discomfort index, refers to the control content setting information (123), and provides a control content instruction to the home electrical appliance according to the corresponding control level. The control unit (13) provides a control content instruction to the electrical appliance according to the control level one lower than the corresponding control level or quick control depending on whether a user is present or absent in the room.


Disruptions have direct implications on the curriculum of higher education. Some disruptions are more subtle yet chronic such as longer-term impact from ideological changes to the national agenda and societal values relating to the purpose of higher education. There are also disruptive events such as the recent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The combined challenges due to these disruptors have impacted the curriculum and adaptations in Malaysian higher learning institutions (HLIs). This paper aims to analyse the impact of chronic and acute disruptors on the university curriculum in Malaysian higher education. Our findings from semi-structured interviews with academics and focus group discussions with students suggest that while HLIs demonstrated rapid reactions to acute needs in the case of COVID-19 restrictions, the existing structural frameworks for curriculum design and implementation provide limited flexibility in longer-term adaptation to both acute and chronic disruptions. A series of questions are posed for various stakeholders to consider in navigating these disruptions in higher education.


Efficient video representation models are critical for many video analysis and processing tasks. In this paper, we present a framework based on the concept of finding the sparsest solution to model video frames. To model the spatio-temporal information, frames from one scene are decomposed into two components: (1) a common frame, which describes the visual information common to all the frames in the scene/segment and (2) a set of innovative frames, which depicts the dynamic behaviour of the scene. The proposed approach exploits and builds on recent results in the field of compressed sensing to jointly estimate the common frame and the innovative frames for each video segment. We refer to the proposed modeling framework by common and innovative visuals (CIV). We show how the proposed model can be utilized to find scene change boundaries and extend CIV to videos from multiple scenes. Furthermore, the proposed model is robust to noise and can be used for various video processing applications without relying on motion estimation and detection or image segmentation. Results for object tracking, video editing (object removal, inpainting), and scene change detection are presented to demonstrate the efficiency and performance of the proposed model.


This book provides a rare and authoritative glimpse at the splendid decorative military art of the Ottomans, and art that is both insufficiently known and insufficiently appreciated. Professor Zygulski describes in detail masterpieces from collections around the world, including the Topkapi Saray Museum in Istanbul, the National Museum In Cracow, the Freer Gallery of Art in Washington D.C., the Nationalbibliothek in Vienna, and elsewhere.


A SEM study of the structure associated with the outlet of the epiphallus in the atrium genitale of three arionid species (Arion hortensis s.s., A. distinctus and A. owenii) is presented. The structures are described and compared, and the specific differences are outlined. Preliminary notes on the same structure in A. intermedius, as well as on the spermatophores of A. hortensis s.s. and A. distinctus, are also provided. It is concluded that A. owenii stands somewhat apart in relation to the latter two species, since it may be more related to A. intermedius. Although it is generally accepted that the genus Arion is characterized by the absence of a penis, it is suggested here that the described structure at the outlet of the epiphallus is nothing but a remnant of an ancestral penis; anyhow, it is at least functionally allied to a penis.


The research was designed to determine if night vision goggles (NVGs) with white phosphor displays would enable better object recognition and contrast sensitivity than with green phosphor displays. Thirty-six Maryland National Guard members served in the research. Each performed an object recognition task and a contrast sensitivity task using two binocular NVGs (AN/AVS-9, Model F4949G) that were matched in all respects except that one was fitted with white phosphor displays (P- 45W), while the other had the yellowish green phosphor displays (P-43). Results indicated an overall advantage for the white phosphor for object recognition, but no difference between the phosphors for contrast sensitivity. Questionnaire data indicated a strong preference for the white phosphor NVG.


While rotavirus infections have been called a winter disease in the temperature zones, we found that their incidence peaked in winter primarily in the Americas and that peaks in the fall or spring are common in other parts of the world. In the tropics, the seasonality of such infections is less distinct and within 10˚ latitude (north or south) of the equator, eight of the ten locations exhibited no seasonal trend


English and Chinese both have strong cultural features.In the process of translating idioms,relations between language and culture must be properly approached so as to interpret the original idioms' connotation and image as well as nationality and regional features.This article focuses on the approaches to translating English and Chinese idioms from pragmatic perspective.


Microgrids are becoming increasingly popular with consumers. In the near future, many microgrids will be installed for consumers with widely varying energy needs. The most challenging of the requirements for these microgrids is finding a suitable protection scheme that is able to protect the microgrid in both grid-connected and islanded modes of operation. The purpose of this paper will be to provide a review of existing protection schemes and coordination techniques for protection of microgrids. Protection schemes should be capable of detecting short circuits and that faults are cleared by the devices that protect the microgrid system and isolates the faulted equipment. A combination of protective algorithms ensures the successful operation of protective devices and helps to develop different ways to take on issues related to the protection of microgrid distribution systems. Outlined in this paper are the protection issues, existing techniques of microgrid protection and the coordination techniques of microgrid protection.


Abstract Everyone wants to see their name in print when a special award or honor is won. And such releases bring praise to the news staff. But preparing these individualized news articles for just one or two papers is time-consuming and detracts from writing other releases that have mass market appeal. Assigning students to write the articles and seek addresses for papers requires a lot of supervision. To address these needs, a form was created on the World Wide Web to generate automatic news stories for award winners. The form allows the recipient of the award to share in the responsibility for accurate dissemination.


Let R be an associative ring with identity and let M be a unitary left R-module. In this paper, we introduce a ⊕-Jacobson-supplemented module (for short ⊕-J-supplemented), as a generalization of J-supplemented module. We state the main properties of a ⊕-J-supplemented modules and supplying by examples and remarks for these module and several properties of this modules are given. Also we introduce weakly ⊕-J-supplemented modules and give a characterization of weakly ⊕-J-supplemented modules a conditions under which the direct sum of weakly ⊕-J-supplemented modules is weakly ⊕-J-supplemented are given. We define a cofinitely ⊕-J-supplemented modules (for short, cof-⊕-J-supplemented) and some type of modules that are related to cof-⊕-J-supplemented module and prove properties of this type of modules. Also we discuss the relation between them with examples and remarks.


Dr. Doris Howes Calloway opened the meeting by defining nutritional status in a functional context. The impetus for arriving at such a definition has been the difficulties inherent in measuring food intake in individuals in the field, in the problem of setting criteria for intake or tissue levels of many nutrients that are predictive of disease symptoms due to incipient deficiencies, the uncertainties of food requirements during periods of stress, and the multiplicity of factors other than nutrition that affect growth and anthropometric measures. Functional indicators with sufficient sensitivity, precision, and reproducibility are not yet sufficiently validated. The relationships between nutritonal status and cognitive abilities, social and behavioral attributes, work capacity, reproductive function, and immunologic capacity are currently being evaluated. However, functional adaptations do occur in response to restricted food intake, and there is a need to distinguish between physiologic adaptation and pathologic maladaptation. Dr. William R. Beisel discussed the concepts of synergism and antagonism of nutrition and infection; these are the situations in which malnutrition either augments severity of infection or affords protection from clinical illness. Previous studies lending support to these constructs are largely descriptive and cannot establish a cause-and-effect relationship. It is unlikely that this relationship can be readily demonstrated for humans, given the large number of uncontrollable variables. For example, parasitic infections are usually multiple, infecting doses are unknown, exposure can be recurrent or continuous, and infections are chronic. Furthermore, determinants of the apparent synergy or antagonism include the species and virulence of the parasite, its own nutritional requirements, the nature and severity of the host's malnutrition, and the functional capacity of immune mechanisms and other host factors. Drs. Gerald T. Keusch and R. K. Chandra re-


Today in 21st century the things are changing from old traditional methods to new modern technology. Most of the things are being computerized. But the process of meter reading and generation of bills has not been changed yet. Meter reading and billing are complex tasks of electricity, water and gas supplier companies. The current technology of billing process uses manual process of meter reading, updating the server with reading and billing customer. We have planned to implement a technology that includes android application and web application to get reading, updating server and inform consumers about bill units and amount. Android application we develop will be used to get the readings from the meter automatically by simply capturing the image of the meter. The customer will receive a mail regarding the bill as soon as the bill is generated. With the help of web application customer can view his bill. For building our project, we have used Android studio which supports Android Software Development Kit. To get readings from the image, OCR(optical Character Recognition) is used. We are using Tesseract OCR engine for it.


A novel kind of multifunctional retention aids for rosin sizing under neutral papermaking conditions was introduced in this paper. Their preparation method, properties, and especially the effects on their performance were illustrated.


A good environment of campus culture is one of the main factors that affect the study and health of university students of our time. Music- with its unique charming- is closely related with the aesthetic judgment and the quality of body and soul of university students. Therefore universities should create an excellent environment of campus music culture to promote the construction of campus culture by carrying out colorful music education activities.


Abstract Biologists are beginning to combine biomimetic and robotic methods to generate and test biological hypotheses about animal function and evolution. Notable progress has been made studying aquatic vertebrate systems and their locomotor mechanisms, with self-propelled physical models improving our ability to simulate complex behavioural and mechanical systems. As biomimetic robots gain popularity as model simulations, it is essential to characterize explicitly the investigator's scientific intent and method of evaluating the robot in regards to testing hypotheses. Intent and evaluation can be characterized using Webb's seven-dimensional hyperspace for biorobotic model simulations. After reviewing this hyperspace approach, it is used to discuss three different kinds of biomimetic, swimming robots that differ in their accuracy, concreteness, and specificity with regard to their biological targets. Although each robotic system occupies a different position in Webb's hyperspace, because of the investigators' choice of biological target and method of evaluation, explicit justification of the robot's position makes it clear that no single position is better than another. Thus, biomimetic robotics is a flexible modelling methodology, addressing different kinds of biological questions and, in addition, providing engineers with plausible biological mechanisms and a library of implemented biorobotic designs.


To identify risk factors for lower limb loss after arterial embolectomy a cohort of 1189 patients was studied. Detailed data were obtained for 165 patients who underwent a major amputation within 30 days of embolectomy and for 165 matched controls. The amputation risk was increased in patients with two or more myocardial infarctions (odds ratio (OR) 3.1, 95 per cent confidence interval (CI) 0.8–11.2), chronic ischaemia (OR 2.1, CI 0.9–4.9), long duration of symptoms (OR 4.3, CI 1.9–9.6, for ⩾25 h versus ⩽6 h) or postoperative heart failure (OR 3.4, CI 1.8–6.5). Reduced risks were found in association with acute myocardial infarction (OR 0.3, CI 0.1–0.9) and postoperative anticoagulation treatment with warfarin (OR 0.3, CI 0.1–0.9). The independent prognostic value of chronic ischaemia and symptom duration, and the beneficial effect of postoperative anticoagulation gained additional support in multivariate analysis. We conclude that the risk of early amputation after arterial embolectomy or thrombectomy can be predicted by several clinical characteristics.


This study documents the construction of the Waynesboro Route 340 Bridge with low-maintenance corrosion resistant steel girders, cross-frames, and stainless steel bolts. This includes documenting the fabrication of the ASTM A1010 steel plate, girder and secondary members, erecting the girders, and completion of the construction process. The types of stainless steel materials used to fabricate the girders are reported with a comparison to traditional materials. Information on the material properties was documented. Cost analysis was performed and guidance was provided to the Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT) about how this type of plate girder will benefit the DOT. Overall, the design, fabrication, and construction of the A1010 steel girder Route 340 bridge was a success. This is the first bridge in the United States to use A1010 haunched girders, completely stainless steel bolted splices, and A1010 cross frames. To that end, it was concluded that a conventional steel bridge fabricator can successfully fabricate an A1010 steel bridge. Through detailed testing of the stainless steel bolts, it was also shown that acceptable utilization of stainless steel structural connections can be achieved. VDOT was also able to successfully demonstrate fabrication of A1010 steel cross frames utilizing bent plate shapes. It is recommended to continue to evaluate improved welding processes for the A1010 base metal and to consider the use of A1010 as a repair material for in-service structures located in corrosive macro-environments, such as near saltwater or industrial sites, or those which contain aggressive micro-environments such as steel beam ends under joints.


This paper summarized dioscrea plant resources dispersed,chemical component,application value and production technics status,analysed actuality of study and production,indicated foreground of this industry.


Sports medicine has taken centre stage in the media and in many professional sporting codes over the past six months. Whether they like it or not the role pharmacists play in providing supplements medicines is under the full glare of the public spotlight.


The article reveals the urgent issues of the formation of physical and mental health of a person in different environments caused by the rapid development of modern global civilization. The authors argue that the goals of immense global mass consumption in the face of acute global problems distort the person him/herself. The way out of this crisis may be the development of an integral person in the conditions of noospheric civilization. In a developed society, the education system of the younger generations plays a leading role in shaping the body, soul, and spirituality of a person, which is able to harmonize social and environmental relations in turn. Physical culture forms a healthy body, humanitarian culture, including the culture of teaching foreign languages, promotes mutual understanding and friendly communication of representatives of different nations, the general cultural and philosophical preparation of youth strengthens the spiritual world of a person. The formation of an integral person with good physical and mental health is necessary to overcome the growing crises of modern civilization.


Aming at the shortcomings that conventional detection methods can only be practicable for a special Virtual Machine(VM), this paper presents, a VM detection method based on time-overhead of Virtual Machine Monitor(VMM). Executions of some special instructions produce remarkable additional Virtual Machine Monitor-overhead. It produces different time-overheads while VMM executes different instruction sequences. By making use of the relative time-overhead, the method implements VM detection. Experimental results show that OVD can detect three kinds of popular VMs accurately.


An esterified pillar[5]arene has been incorporated into a PVC electrochemical membrane. The resulting pH-responsive sensor functions in the range of pH 1 to 4 in a non-linear manner.


A novel type of mercaptobenzothiazole disulfide (MBTS) modified carbon paste electrode (CPE-MBTS) was developed in the present study. DFT calculations identified an enhanced electrophilic character, and conductance of the modified...


In this work, the auto-correlation function of the center of mass velocity has been used to deduce the mass diffusion coefficient (D) of water diluted in nitrogen using the Classical Molecular Dynamics Simulations (CMDS). The calculations have been performed at room temperature (296 K) for different mixtures of H2O in N2 and 2.107 molecules from a five-sites potential. The results show that the auto-correlation functions expected exponential decay behavior [i.e. v v t exp( ) τ      ] and from the decay times τv , the mass diffusion coefficient and the velocity changing collisions frequency have been determined. The comparison between the CMDS results and experimental results are presented and discussed.


BACKGROUND
Practice effects, which are improvements in cognitive test scores due to repeated exposure to testing materials, may provide information about Alzheimer's disease pathology, which could be useful for clinical trials enrichment.

OBJECTIVES
The current study sought to add to the limited literature on short-term practice effects on cognitive tests and their relationship to amyloid deposition on neuroimaging.

PARTICIPANTS
Twenty-seven, non-demented older adults (9 cognitively intact, 18 with mild cognitive impairment) received amyloid imaging with 18F-Flutemetamol, and two cognitive testing sessions across one week to determine practice effects.

RESULTS
A composite measure of 18F-Flutemetamol uptake correlated significantly with all seven cognitive tests scores on the baseline battery (r's = -0.61 - 0.59, all p's<0.05), with higher uptake indicating poorer cognition. Practice effects significantly added to the relationship (above and beyond the baseline associations) with 18F-Flutemetamol uptake on 4 of the 7 cognitive test scores (partial r's = -0.45 - 0.44, p's<0.05), with higher uptake indicating poorer practice effects. The odds ratio of being "amyloid positive" was 13.5 times higher in individuals with low practice effects compared to high practice effects.

CONCLUSIONS
Short-term practice effects over one week may be predictive of progressive dementia and serve as an affordable screening tool to enrich samples for preventative clinical trials in Alzheimer's disease.


Purpose – Expert evidence is a contentious area with a number of high profile cases highlighting unreliable "scientific" expert evidence, leading to appeals and acquittals. The purpose of this paper is to argue for improvement in the assessment of expert evidence reliability to avoid such difficulties. Design/methodology/approach – A review of the area focused on the history of developing legal criteria for admitting "scientific" evidence. It examined the benefits and difficulties of approaches, and proposes an amendment to criteria for increased transparency and evidenced decision making. Findings – The review indicated a range of difficulties with "expert" evidence admissibility, including inconsistency, an over-focus on narrow elements of evidence, difficulties in interpretation, and the potential to unfairly restrict evidence. An alternative to current approaches is proposed. This takes the form of a two-stage approach to consider whether or not to admit expert evidence. It comprises a preparation and...


We have fabricated superconducting composites composed of Y_1Ba_2Cu_3O_7–δ, copper oxide, and metallic silver. Sharp superconducting transitions were observed well above the liquid nitrogen temperature. The normal state resistivity of these composites was much lower than that of the pure ceramic Y_1Ba_2Cu_3O_7–δ. The critical current density was measured and it was comparable to that of ceramic superconductors. A substantial improvement of the mechanical properties has been achieved over those of the ceramic Y_1Ba_2Cu_3O_7–δ material.


This paper argues that neoliberalism, as a common threat for social justice and
environmental concerns, can create mutual consensus for political action across diverse
interest groups. The paper highlights neoliberial trends towards the commodification of
community and the marketisation of the environment. It identifies three characteristics of
commercialisation, depoliticisation and cosumption. The paper finds that many proposed
solutions remain within the neoliberal paradigm and seek to capitalise on the crisis rather
than provide for transformative social change. It therefore explores how counter-hegemonic
sollutions might be developed through effective alliances between community development
and the environmental movement. It maps out the diverse spaces where consensus for
political action might be achieved, highlighting examples in marginalised and pollution
affected communities, communities promoting sustainability and communities resisting
unsustainability. The paper suggests that processes of dialogue and alliance building can
support more effective engagement between community development and
environmentalism. This paper has implications for how the social professions responds to
environmental issues at a time when climate change is increasingly affecting communities
with whom they are concerned and with whom they work for social justice.


Traditional data access control schemes only prevent unauthorized access to private data with a single owner. They are not suitable for application in a Multi-Level Data Processing (MLDP) scenario, where data are processed by a series of parties who also insert new data. Hence, the accumulated dataset should be protected through access control handled by hierarchically-structured parties who are at least partial data owners in MLDP. Existing multi-owner access control schemes mainly focus on controlling access to co-owned data of multiple entities with the equal ownership, but seldom investigates how to apply access control in MLDP. In this paper, we base the off-the-shelf Trusted Execution Environment (TEE), Intel SGX, to propose an Efficient and Secure Multi-owner Access Control scheme (ESMAC) for access authorization in MLDP. Moreover, to prevent unauthorized data disclosure by non-root data owners aiming to gain extra profits, we further introduce undercover polices to supervise their behaviors. Specifically, we design a data protection scheme based on game theory to decide the payoffs and punishments of honest and dishonest data owners, which motivates data owners to behave honestly when claiming ownership over data. Through comprehensive security analysis and performance evaluation, we demonstrate ESMAC's security and effectiveness.


This research investigated the effect of interface region relative humidity (IRRH) on the bond between CFRP and concrete using computer simulation technique. After FRP is peeled off concrete substrate, there is a layer of residue concrete on the detached FRP if the bond is sound. The experimental program related to this research found that the residual thickness of concrete (RTC) was directly related to the IRRH. A constitutive equation, which calculated the RTC from IRRH, was proposed in this research based on the experimental data. The calculated RTCs were used to build a series of finite element models and the virtual crack closure technique (VCCT) was used to calculate the bond fracture energy Gr for debonding. Through the R TC, the bond fracture energy Gr was related to the interface region relative humidity (IRRH). The model and FEM results had excellent agreement with the experimental data. These models can be used to simulate the bond degradation for CFRP bonded concrete specimens suffering from moisture attack.


With the help of multi-media teaching,it greatly promotes the interaction between teacher and students. The enlightenment and guidance of teachers is the important means in improving interactive teaching. The combination of multimedia's flexibility and teachers'initiative can achieve favorable effects in teaching the coures.


Objective To analyse the effect of operation of ankle fracture with the anatomic plate of distal fibula.Methods Fifty-three cases of clinical data were reviewed and based on its efficacy in patients with subjective feeling,function tests,X-ray to be assessed.Results Following-up peried range from 7 months to 3 years in 53 cases,33 cases had excellent results,16 cases good,3 cases fair,1 case of poor quality.Excellent rate was 92.4%.Conclusion Ankle fracture surgery should follow the physical characteristics of the ankle,and stressed that the resumption of the length of the lateral,reconstruction and stability of the ankle joint,rational and effective internal fixation and early functional exercise.The application of distal fibula anatomic plate is more effective than other fixations.


In this study, we explored the electronic and thermoelectric properties of the Na-based Quaternary Heusler Alloys (QHAs) NaHfXGe (X=Co, Rh, Ir) using DFT. We performed the spin-polarized DFT calculations at the GGA level and confirmed the ground state non-magnetic configuration of NaHfXGe. The mechanical and thermodynamical stabilities are analyzed and discussed to validate the stability by calculating the elastic constant and phonon dispersion curve. A thorough investigation on the electronic properties are carried out by performing the GGA, GGA+U, and GGA+SOC formalism where we report the semi-conducting characteristic of NaHfCoGe and NaHfRhGe QHAs. However, NaHfIrGe is predicted to be a non-magnetic metal. From the calculated optical properties we found that the most active optical absorption occurs within the Vis-UV region with α>105 cm-1, therefore the studied QHAs are proposed to be a promising optoelectronic materials. The results of the thermodynamic properties have shown that NaHfXGe follows Debye's low-temperature specific heat law and the classical thermodynamics of the Dulong-Petit law at high temperatures. The calculated thermoelectric efficiency using GGA+SOC formalism at T=1200 K are ZT 1.22 and 0.57 for NaHfCoGe and NaHfRhGe, suggesting that these materials are potential thermoelectric materials to operate at high temperature. .


1. SCENARIO The 'science' of computers and computing has grown out of several diverse disciplines, notably mathematics, electronics and information science. The associated technology has developed at a phenomenal rate, and as with most practical subjects a proper, reasoned basis for computing did not start to emerge until after many systems had been built and successful results achieved. One consequence of these factors is that the subject is plagued with clashes of terminology (and there are some inconsistencies even across the papers to be found in this issue*). There are also differences in the way that computer users and professionals view the wide spectrum of activities that fall within 'computing'. In particular their perception of what is theory and what is practice or application, and the understanding of what constitutes Formal Methods, differs widely.


We have developed a thin (35, 50 and 65 angstrom) gate oxidation process for Lucent's sub-0.25 micrometer technologies and their enhancement modules. These oxides have significantly improved quality (defect density < 0.3/cm2, Ebd > 18 MV/cm, log Nbd > -0.3 C/cm2 and Dit and Of < 2 X 1010/cm2-eV) as a result of stacking and nitridation. Impacts of stacking and nitridation on leakage (Do), breakdown (Ebd), wear-out (Nbd) and charge trapping behavior (Dit and Qf) are more dramatic for thinner (35 and 50 angstrom) oxides where Si/SiO2 interfacial sub-structure plays a dominant role. Stacked oxide generates a planar and stress-free interface due to stress modulation during densification/oxidation. These stress- budgeted oxides are more resistant to process/induced damage that causes variability in MOSFET parameters and degradation during hot-carrier and Fowler-Nordhaim stressing. Light nitrogen incorporation (less than 5%) improves thickness uniformity, charge-to-breakdown (Nbd) and endurance, nitrogen incorporation also reduces Si-H bonds by replacing with Si-N bonds resulting in a reduction traps and increased interface resistance to current stress.


This paper outlines the research conducted in community homes located in the municipality of Pereira in 2014, whose purpose was to characterize the processes of formation of educators based on the guidelines established in the National Policy for Early Childhood. The research is framed within the qualitative paradigm, which seeks to interpret the experiences of those involved in a natural context, for which we opted for a methodological design case study, which focused on the analysis of the discourses and practices of agents educational managers comprehensive early childhood care in the light of their
formation processes in a Public Policy for Early childhood. The information was collected
through the application of techniques such as structured interview to 15 educators and
non-participant observation 3 of them. The scope of this investigation identified the characteristics of the formation processes of
educational agents community homes, as part of the Public Policy on Childhood, for which
they were identified, categorized and interpreted in the light of theoretical and political foundations, emerging categories that support the comprehensive care of children from
first childhood, such as educational experiences that agents considered significant
conception of Early Childhood early childhood public policies, tendencies that underpin
practice the field of early education and finally the formation of educators. The findings indicate that the formation processes of educational agents community homes, do not have the conceptual knowledge about early childhood public policy however, the demonstration of important aspects considered in public policy and strategy of zero evidence like always, the guiding activities, the exercise of citizenship and participation and promote healthy and safe environments, outputs and structuring; likewise evident that agents conceive early childhood as subjects of law, framed in general on aspects of pedagogical models, progressive or activist (new school) and the cognitive model. With regard to training and educational qualifications agents have conceptual gaps in the knowledge of the public policy of early childhood in relation to concepts such as integrated care, subject of law, equity and inclusion goals of early childhood education and conceptual aspects of strategy always zero, as the embodiments, structuring and governing activities at a conceptual level.


Reminiscence bump refers to the increased recall of events from adolescence and early adulthood. It is a robust phenomenon for personal events, while the evidence for the bump has been inconsistent for public events. The present study addressed lifespan distributions of public events in a nationally representative sample of adults (N = 1200) in Turkey. We demonstrated a robust recency effect in the temporal distribution of public event memories. When we examined the bump in the most frequently reported events, the recency effect persisted. The only exception was the bump for the military coup in 1980, a relatively more distant event among the most frequent events. Findings suggested that high-impact events in Turkey's recent past may overshadow the past events. Inline, we discuss the role of the context and age distribution of the sample to explain the inconsistency in the evidence for the reminiscence bump in public events.


With advances in sensor technology, three dimensional (3D) face has become an emerging biometric modality, preferred especially in high security applications. However, dealing with facial occlusions is a great challenge, which should be handled to enable applicability to fully automatic security systems. In this paper, we propose a technique to deal with occlusions at the classification stage: A masking strategy, which we call masked projection, is proposed to enable the use of subspace analysis techniques with incomplete data. Furthermore, a regional scheme suitable for occlusion handling is incorporated in classification to improve the overall results. Experimental results on two databases with realistic facial occlusions, namely, the Bosphorus and the UMB-DB, confirm that the masked subspace analysis offer an occlusion robust face recognition system.


First we survey generating function methods for obtaining useful probability estimates about random matrices in the finite classical groups. Then we describe a probabilistic picture of conjugacy classes which is coherent and beautiful. Connections are made with symmetric function theory, Markov chains, potential theory, Rogers-Ramanujan type identities, quivers, and various measures on partitions.


The Ladrang Crispy Business of Mrs. Ni Kadek Indra Puspita is a home industry business located in Kenderan Village, Gianyar Regency. Indra's mother has been running the business of making ladrang chips for approximately 2 years since the onset of covid-19 which caused Indra's mother to be dismissed from work. During this 2 year period, the production of Ladrang Chips produced by partners is erratic every month depending on orders from small shops / stalls, which Indra usually entrusts to sell Ladrang chips which are produced by partners, and there are orders from relatives and partners, resulting in income uncertain partner. Customers owned by partners come from the partner's village of residence and there are also some from villages around the partner's residence. Therefore, the marketing area of Mrs. Indra's Kripik Ladrang business is not wide. Based on this, the goal to be achieved in this community service activity is to help solve the problems faced by partners by helping to develop Instagram and Facebook marketing media, so that the businesses owned by partners are more easily known to the public. The result of this service is that Instagram and Facebook marketing media training can run well and smoothly and can achieve the expected results. Based on the results of the evaluation using a questionnaire, the results of the index category are very good with an index value of 92.5%.


Increasing body of evidence shows that perinatal outcomes in MC twins are strongly associated with the complications resulting from the unique angioarchitecture in MC placentas, in particular the placental vascular anastomoses. Due to the extensive application of prenatal ultrasound examination, an increasing number and types of complication dedicated for MC twins are being diagnosed. Delineation of the placental characteristics classified by specific complications may shed light on the pathophysiology of various complications in MC twins. One of the great successes in fetal therapy is the introduction of fetoscopic laser coagulation of vascular anastomoses for the treatment of twin–twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS). The investigation on postoperative complications in TTTS placentas is crucial for the further improvement of fetoscopic laser surgery and improvement of perinatal outcome. Since 2002, all MC placentas delivered at the Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC) are consecutively being examined and injected with colored dye. This large database of MC placentas (n=940 in 2016) allows detailed investigation of the pathogenesis and clinical outcome of these rare diseases.


The popular parameter methods will bring the diversity of results in style investment analysis.Subdominant ultra-metric space is provided with the exactly defined topology sequence. Firstly,based on the correlation coefficient between every two stock prices,Euclidean distance of ultra-metric space is calculated.Secondly,subdominant ultra-metric space of portfolio is constructed based on minimum spanning tree of Kruskal.Finally,index hierarchical structure is mapped from subdominant ultra-metric space.Via daily data of listed companies in Liaoning Province from July,2005 to December,2007,industry style,event style,performance style and cash flow style are found in the results.It is shown that method of subdominant ultra-metric space is effective.


Modern sea-warfare is a typical complex adaptive system. it is important for research on the warfare system to measure whose complexity. Several measuring methods and the application of complexity metrics in recent years were introduced at first. Then some common features of the methods and the application were summarized, some key points needed to be noticed when we measured complexity were discussed. At last a new idea was put forward to measure the complexity of modern sea-warfare.


Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (G.F.A.P.) is characteristic of astrocytes. Its estimation in a tumour fragment removed surgically may be used to confirm whether or not a cerebral tumour is glial in nature. This was confirmed here by study of 6 cases. G.F.A.P. levels were normal only in the 2 patients whose cerebral tumours were not glial. It remains to be determined whether this estimation may be used to define a particular treatment or prognosis.


Only by pre-empting yield issues at an early stage can future designs come in under budget - an emerging breed of tools and modeling techniques may hold the answer. Yield-aware synthesis tools provide an opportunity to perform a more wholesale logic optimization and restructuring, maximizing yield concurrently with other design goals.


Reproduction is the noblest and most reverent of all human powers. God has given this precious gift to the woman. Motherhood is the cherished desire deep down in the heart of every woman. Failure to achieve conception is known as Vandhyatva (Infertility). Even in the computer age, it is estimated that nearly 10-15% of couples are infertile in India. The ancient system of Ayurvedic medicine advocated variety of medication, which provides good results without any harmful effect. The main causes of infertility are tubal block, PCOD, PID and endometriosis. The drug Chitrakadi ghrita was selected which Sushruta mentioned in the management of Vandhya. The Chitrakadi ghrita was given in the dose of 10gm once in a day empty stomach at 6 am with 100ml of lukewarm water for the duration of 3 months with the result assessment recorded at every 1 month. It proved that Chitrakaadi ghrita is very effective in management of Vandhyatva with Yonidosha .Â


To rationally develop low permeability reservoir, enhanced oil recovery, Changqing Oilfield launched a special low permeability oil field development studies. Based Changqing oilfield Yanhewan block this typical ultra-low permeability reservoir, use the numerical simulation method simulate the instability of water injection and gas injection alternating different effects of the development. The simulation results show that injection cycle in the early development of poor results, but the technique ultimately better results in the development of continuous injection; Gas-water cycle alternating six months of the development of better results in alternating cycles of three months, After the first injection of gas injection in better after the first injection of gas injection development effect, the study of the block for the rational development of a new approach.


Grenz examines the topography of postmodernism, a phenomenon everyone acknowledges, but has difficulty describing with precision. Of particular significance is his discussion of the challenges this cultural shift presents to the church.


1. Introductiot.. Solutions of the magnetohydrostatic equations for a medium of large conductivity are of interest in connection with problems in cosmic physics. In this paper a general class of axially symmetric solutions is found to satisfy a single partial differential equation of the second order containing two arbitrary functions. From this equation a family of solutions depending on two parameters a, ,B and belonging to the force-free field class is constructed in which the toroidal field is in general a nonlinear function of the magnetic stream function, but the equation satisfied by the magnetic stream function can be reduced to the solution of a linear partial differential equation. For ,B = 0, the solution reduces to the wellknown force-free field solution suitable for simply connected domains discussed by Chandrasekhar [1], [2] and Woltjer [3]. The equipartition of energy theorem between the poloidal -and toroidal energies is shown to be valid for any simply connected region for which the normal component of the magnetic field vanishes on the boundary. This result was established for the case of the sphere without the assumption of axial symmetry by Chandrasekhar and Kendall [4]. For a = 0, a representation is found suitable for malultiply connected domains in which there is a tripartition of the total energy, the toroidal energy being twice the poloidal. An explicit solution is determined for the case in which the meridian curve is a rectangle, and finally it is shown how the new class of solutions may be characterized by a variational principle.


The relative freedom from interference by other elements makes the reaction of molybdate with thiosulphate'.' attractive for the determination of molybdenum. The earlier method3 of photometric determmation employed the reaction only for pure molybdenum solutions and did not recognize the influence of temperature, the decomposition of thiosulphate in the solvent phase, and the effect of other ions on the extraction of molybdenum. A mixture ofsolvents was used for extraction. and required drying before the photometric measurement. .Therefore. a reinvestigation of the method was considered of interest in view of the usefulness of the method for analysis of natural and industrial samples.


A review of the methods for balanced experiments for establishing of the metabolizable energy and the amino acids digestibility for waterfowl has been made. Systemizing the former experience in this fi eld, the author submits some innovations, regarding to the adaptation of the methods for experiments with geese. The results for metabolizable energy and true digestibility coeffi cients of some basic for the feeding of geese forages (established using the adapted methods) are given. A using of specifi ed for the different birds data for the nutritive values of the forages has been recommended. The offered innovations could be used for further efforts for establishing of standardizing methods for balanced experiments with waterfowl.


Copolymers of higher methacrylates (propyl, pentyl, hexyl, cyclohexyl, heptyl, octyl, and dodecyl) with triallyl cyanurate were synthesized by free-radical polymerization using benzoyl peroxide as initiator. The properties of the copolymers such as thermal stability, Tg, Vicat softening temperature, hardness, refractive indices n D , chemical stability, density, and shrinkage on polymerization were studied. The influence of the alcohol alkyl chain length in methacrylates and the content triallyl cyanurate in copolymers on their properties is discussed. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.