The present invention provides a headlight for a vehicle headlight alignment system for alignment. Aligner comprises means for receiving illumination generated by the headlight beam pattern to generate an image of the CCD camera. The controller receives the light beam from the pattern image aligner to determine alignment correction, the detected movement to a predetermined position of the beam pattern. Adjuster operatively coupled to the vehicle in response to the alignment correction on the adjustment of the headlights. The initial exposure time of the CCD camera used to capture an initial image, the initial measurement corresponds to light accumulation value of the image, in response to the cumulative value of the measured light and the light accumulating a preset value to determine the final exposure time, and exposure time using the final beam pattern captured image.


Basically ultrasonic signal flaw visibility is corrupted by many noises as electric, pulse, ringing, and structure or spurious signals. Ultrasonic noise is usually assumed to be Gauss random variable with zero averaging and a limited band power spectrum function. Various signal processing techniques were investigated to extract useful data and interpret waveform data for diagnostic and predictive purpose. However the complexity of the model order estimation carries on complicated modelling. Wavelet based auto regressive parametric model is a successful processing technique for natural signals, able to withdraw the non stable characteristics of data. In this paper, wavelet multi-scale analysis was investigated with a predictive approach, as a powerful computational tool for noise discrimination and data extraction. The analysis based correlations, residuals and interpolations calculations seems to be a well adapted signal analysis tool for viewing material micro structural dimension scales. This research shows a challenging 3D interface between material properties, calculations and ultrasonic wave propagation modelling, and indicates a linear signal energy distribution at micro structural levels. Which could point to potential outcome of ultrasonic wave signature of micro-structures at different energy scales related to matter phases. Multi-polynomial processing interpolations reveal an attractor that should involve data modelling through chaos theory for a predictive material behaviour purpose.


Structure and closing a photovoltaic concentration module comprising a casing aluminum structure (1), a primary lens parquet (2) and a closure part (3). The closing piece (3) joins sealingly detachable structure (1) with parquet primary lenses (2) avoiding the use of chemical, type sealants or adhesives, which degenerate over time and prevent disassembly module.


Abstract Inaccuracy in the numerical prediction of the moisture content of return-flow air over the Gulf of Mexico continues to plague operational forecasters. At the Environmental Modeling Center/National Centers for Environmental Prediction in the United States, the prediction errors have exhibited bias—typically too dry in the early 1990s and too moist from the mid-1990s to present. This research explores the possible sources of bias by using a Lagrangian formulation of the classic mixed-layer model. Justification for use of this low-order model rests on careful examination of the upper-air thermodynamic structure in a well-observed event during the Gulf of Mexico Experiment. The mixed-layer constraints are shown to be appropriate for the first phase of return flow, namely, the northerly-flow or outflow phase. The theme of the research is estimation of sensitivity—change in the model output (at termination of outflow) in response to inaccuracies or uncertainties in the elements of the control vector (t...


This paper presents the results of the study on the Arabian Sea sub-surface salinity minima (ASSM). The data collected under the North Arabian Sea Environment and Ecosystem Research (NASEER) programme and World Ocean Circulation Experiment (WOCE) has been used in the study. Study of the Arabian Sea water masses is most significant in understanding marine productivity and monsoonal reversal features. Analysis of the data shows that the Arabian Sea sub-surface salinity minima (ASSM) can be found between 25.8 to 26.0 Sigma Theta surfaces. ASSM originates from the south and south east. It is inferred from the results that the salt content of the ASSM varies during different seasons. Appreciable mixing of Arabian Sea salinity minima is observed over Murray Ridge.


The present invention provides a water-repellent, to minute component, heat resistance, water resistance and excellent alkali resistance glass containers, such as (in particular, a medical glass container), and a method of manufacturing the same. A method for producing a glass vessel (in particular, a medical glass container), (1) surface treatment obtained by the inner surface of the glass container in the process and, (2) Step (1) treatment with a silane coupling agent and / or its partial hydrolyzate It relates to a method comprising the step of treating a non-crystalline fluorine-containing resin and the glass container obtained by the method of manufacturing the same.


Ceramics and fiber work well in combination to create a unique area of visual art, one which has provided a great deal of satisfaction to me in the construction of the various art forms presented in my thesis show. Creating with fiber is a stimulating experience dealing with the various textures, colors and nature of such a diverse medium. The natural aspect of clay, being obtained from the mother earth, provides the accent which compliments the many natures of the fiber. In combining these two mediums I hope to have achieved a vital and expressive form of art.


This study explores the influence of corporate attributes on market capitalization, based on the potential relationships between corporate attributes, corporate disclosure, and market capitalization. The study focused on non-financial listed companies in Bangladesh and uncovered several significant influences of corporate attributes, such as asset size, turnover, shareholders, and internationality, on market capitalization. This contribution provides new insights into corporate attributes and market capitalization, and suggests that existing and potential investors should assess corporate attributes while making investment decisions.


The thesis introduces the definition of new decomposition-"ascending subgraph decomposition", the currently-achieved main research achievements and the development direction of research. It solves the problems about ascending subgraph decomposition of graph with 15 edges of node10.


Objective
To explore application effect of hierarchical management based on Intensive Care Nursing Scoring System (ICNSS) in intensive care unit (ICU) patients with brain injury.

Methods
A total of 65 ICU patients with brain injury from June 2013 to May 2014 were treated as control group; another 60 cases of ICU patients with brain injury from June 2014 to May 2015 were treated as observation group. Patients in the control group were implemented with routine nursing, while the observation group with hierarchical management based on ICNSS system. Prognosis, complications, nurse-patient disputes events, nursing risk events, and patient satisfaction of two groups were compared.

Results
In observation group, plant survival rate (3.33%), incidence of complications(6.67%), nurse dispute event rate(3.33%), incidence of nursing risk events (5.00%) were lower than those of the control group(χ2=4.296, 4.720, 4.296, 5.354; P<0.05). Among patient satisfaction of the observation group, scores of health education(3.85±0.45)points, medical environment(3.79±0.53)points, psychological nursing(3.65±0.78)points, service attitude(3.38±0.56)points, operational care(3.49±0.29)points were higher than those of the control group (t=40.821, 36.362, 23.801, 24.972, 43.465; P<0.01).

Conclusions
Based on the ICNSS, hierarchical management model can allocate human resources in ICU reasonably and effectively, improve quality of care for patients with traumatic brain in ICU, reduce the incidence nursing risk events and elevate patient and family satisfaction.

Key words:
Intensive Care Nursing Scoring System; Intensive care unit; Brain injury; Prognosis; Satisfaction


Cystinuria, an inherited error of membrane transport across renal and intestinal epithelium, is an important cause of renal stone disease with a frequency between 1/2500 live births in Israelis of Libyan origin to 1/15,000 in North Americans1. Of all natural amino acids, cystine (the mixed disulfide form) is the least soluble in aqueous solutions, particularly at normal urine pH values between 5.0 and 7.02. Indeed, it is this relative insolubility of cystine that results in morbidity, since recurrent renal stones and infection are the main features of the disorder. It has been recognized since 1966 that there are three distinct variants of this disorder1. Parents of type I patients excrete normal amounts of cystine (0 to 100 mmol/g creatinine), those with type III excrete intermediate amounts (100 to 600 mmol/g creatinine) and type II excrete greater amounts of cystine (990 to 1740 mmol/g creatinine). Moreover genetic compounds of cystinuria, such as type I/III can occur. Historically, it has been difficult to define the clinical features of each type, particularly in terms of propensity to stone formation, since most patients come to medical attention only after a symptomatic stone event and anticipatory genetic markers have not been readily available. Two publications in the current issue of Kidney International present information that helps to better define the clinical features and probability of stone formation in the first decade of life of the various forms of disease, using both a population and genomic approach3,4.


The authors of the much publicized though not yet published Norwegian Vitamin Study (NORVIT)1 of vitamin therapy in coronary artery disease, are widely quoted as saying that vitamin therapy for lowering plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) was harmful, and that "homocysteine is dead." However, the slides of their presentation1 do not show the B12 status of the participants, nor do they indicate whether B12 injections were given to participants with low levels of B12. Commentators2 have called NORVIT "the largest trial to date to test the hypothesis that folate supplementation reduces risk of cardiovascular disease," but because there were 4 treatment arms in NORVIT, each with 900 participants, the number of patients randomized to folate/B12 or folate/B12/B6 was essentially the same as that in the Vitamin Intervention for Stroke Prevention (VISP) trial3 (≈1800). They used a much higher dose of B6 than other studies and cannot exclude the possibility that their results were driven by that choice. As did VISP, they also used a dose of B12 that, as has recently become apparent, was too low for adequate absorption of B12 in elderly subjects (discussed below).

In this issue of Stroke , a substudy of the Vitamins to Prevent Stroke (VITATOPS) trial4 reports that in Singapore, treatment with 2.5 mg folic acid, 0.5 mg vitamin B12, and 25 mg B6 reduced levels of tHcy by 3.8 μmol/L compared with placebo.5 The authors also studied 2 polymorphism …


Snake envenoming is an under-reported health hazard that leads to fatality, especially among the rural populations. The toxicity of snake venoms differs from species to species and individual to individual also depending heavily on the susceptibility of the victim to these complex mixtures. Among the snakes of India, three kinds of clinical venom toxicity predominate in varying proportions: hemotoxic, neurotoxic and cytotoxic effects. Vipers such as Russell's (Daboia russelii) and saw scaled (Echis carinatus) are known to cause local and systemic bleeding with regional variations in neurotoxic effects especially noted for the Daboia russelii. Venom-induced hemorrhage and coagulopathy is considered as an outstanding feature of viper snake envenomation. The treatment of snakebite is in need of improvement in order to increase the probability of good outcomes for envenomed people and livestock worldwide. Rodents are the mainstay models of antivenom efficacy testing. Herein we extend knowledge of an alternative method to study the efficacy of antivenom against the hemorrhagic activity WORLD JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES SJIF Impact Factor 6.647 Volume 6, Issue 5, 779-790 Research Article ISSN 2278 – 4357 *Corresponding Author Maanoj N.S. TCR Multispeciality Hospital and Snakebite Research Centre, Krishnagiri, Tamilnadu, India. Article Received on 25 Feb. 2017, Revised on 17 March 2017, Accepted on 06 April 2017 DOI: 10.20959/wjpps20175-9053


Purpose – The aim of this study was to contribute towards the systematic management of the natural stand bamboo resource at Nami, Kedah, Malaysia and to improve the forest environment rather than leaving it neglected and unmanaged. In addition, the study examines the commercial value of the abundant bamboo culms for a sustained industry in Malaysia.Design/methodology/approach – A one‐hectare experimental plot of Gigantochloa scortechinii (buluh semantan) was established with a split plot design of fertilizer treatments 0, 2 and 5 kg of NPK 15:15:15 and felling intensities of 0, 40, 60 and 80 percent. The experiment was conducted for four years. Parameters such as the number of shoots, culms and basal area were observed throughout the study.Findings – From this study significant results were obtained and management principles were formulated. Due to the effect of fertilizer application, there was an increment of 30 percent of shoots sprouted per clump per application. Thinning should be done selectively an...


By determining Stokes' parameters of light diffracted from a nematic liquid crystal grating fabricated with a grating electrode structure, polarization modulation properties of this LC grating are characterized. The electrically controllable polarization modulations of its diffracted light are demonstrated as well as its diffraction light intensity modulations. A unique property of symmetrical diffraction light intensities but antisymmetrical polarization states in corresponding negative and positive diffraction orders is shown.


Development problems of the information systems analysis and design for monitoring the status of large-scale infrastructural objects in the categorical models systems have been considered at this article. The formal apparatus of a multilevel knowledge representation on the basis of the categorical approach, the theory of computational models, knowledge representation production systems was described including categories of parametric, structural and semantic levels. The multilevel analysis, knowledge processing and forming of knowledge bases methods, in particular, the methods for a multilevel formal representation, recognition and fragments synthesis of the information network were established. These methods are based on a combination of multi-level inductive inference algorithms.


Abstract
This paper explores the search for identity, displacement and belonging in Allen Sawaya's Destined to Fame. The novel destined to fame depicts the world as a site of horror and interrogates the way the notions of identity, displacement and belonging affect an individual. In the novel, Sawaya emphasizes that the notions of identity, displacement and belonging are shaped by social and political situations which in turn result into emotional experiences or attachment to the affected individual. Through the protagonist William Forster- an African adopted child living in the UK, this paper argues that even though an individual can belong to the world but that individual can not belong home. This paper uses
the postcolonial theory because the issues of identity, displacement or unhomliness and belonging are central topics in postcolonial thoughts.


We propose to extend Spitzer's study of massive star formation to the massive cluster Westerlund 1, which at ~4 kpc is the closest and most massive 'Super Star Cluster' known in the Galaxy. Star formation may have proceeded differently in this region, having created a higher overall density of coeval massive stars. The proposed observations will allow us to compare star formation in this region to that seen near the Sun, in the massive Cygnus-X complex, and in the outer Galaxy (coming from the studies of W5, the Cycle-5 SMOG project, and GLIMPSE360), and therefore to complete a more representative view of star formation in the Galaxy.


Quantum physics is not traditionally introduced in high school physics courses because of the level of abstraction and mathematical formalism associated with the subject. As part of the Visual Quantum Mechanics project, activity-based instructional units have been developed that introduce quantum principles to students who have limited backgrounds in physics and mathematics. This study investigates the applicability of one unit, Solids & Light, that introduces quantum principles within the context of learning about light emitting diodes. An observation protocol, attitude surveys, and questionnaires were used to examine the implementation of materials and student-teacher interactions in various secondary physics classrooms. Aspects of Solids & Light including the use of hands-on activities, interactive computer programs, inexpensive materials, and the focus on conceptual understanding were very applicable in the various physics classrooms observed. Both teachers and students gave these instructional strategies favorable ratings in motivating students to make observations and to learn. These ratings were not significantly affected by gender or students' attitudes towards physics or computers. Solids & Light was applicable in terms of content and teaching style for some teachers. However, a mismatch of teaching styles between some instructors and the unit posed some problems in determining applicability. Observations indicated that some instructors were not able to utilize the exploratory instructional strategy of Solids & Light. Thus, Solids & Light must include additional support necessary to make the instructor comfortable with the subject matter and pedagogical style. With these revisions, Solids & Light, will have all the key components to make its implementation in a high school physics classroom a successful one.


Early reading interest in elementary school students is very important to support the achievement of learning. Failure to read means failure to learn various other sciences, so reading skills are the key so that elementary school children are able to learn and develop. A learning media can support a learning process. For this reason, this study wants to examine how the role of media in digital text reading skills in elementary school children. The method used is a systematic literature review. From 172 published articles from various journals, after conducting a screening process using a systematic literature review methodology, 60 articles were selected as the final review. The results of a review of 60 sources found that most of the studies reviewed focused on the role of media in digital text reading skills in elementary schools, followed by general. The results of the role of media on digital text reading skills in elementary schools succeeded in increasing students' interest in learning


This paper discusses the connotation and social value of voluntary identity,and expounds the importance of voluntary identity from the citizen in helping the political system build up its legitimacy.


The transport of particles via intermittent filamentary structures in the private flux region (PFR) of plasmas in the MAST tokamak has been investigated using a fast framing camera recording visible light emission from the volume of the lower divertor, as well as Langmuir probes and IR thermography monitoring particle and power fluxes to plasma-facing surfaces in the divertor. The visible camera data suggest that, in the divertor volume, fluctuations in light emission above the X-point are strongest in the scrape-off layer (SOL). Conversely, in the region below the X-point, it is found that these fluctuations are strongest in the PFR of the inner divertor leg. Detailed analysis of the appearance of these filaments in the camera data suggests that they are approximately circular, around 1–2 cm in diameter, but appear more elongated near the divertor target. The most probable toroidal quasi-mode number is between 2 and 3. These filaments eject plasma deeper into the private flux region, sometimes by the pro...


Obesity appears as fat accumulation in adipose tissue from high energy intake and insufficient energy consumption. It is accompanied by several factors such as genetics, environmental, fetal nutrition, energy intake and expenditure, and culture. These factors stimulate several other mechanisms that contribute to obesity and obesity-related disorders such as hypertension, diabetes, arthritis, hyperlipidemia, coronary heart disease, etc. In the present article, we have examined the main factors, symptoms, and special problems associated with obesity, mechanisms of obesity, and the relation of important parameters with obesity. We have also depicted the various animal models for obesity research. Lastly, we have described the management of obesity.


The universals of the artistic language are fundamentally different from the universals of other language systems. The artistic language itself is opposed to both the so-called "natural" languages and artificial systems since it acts as a secondary modeling system resulting from the removal of such universals inherent in ordinary speech as automatism in the use of already existing statements, an orientation towards ease of understanding, etc. Secondary modeling systems are immanent, unique, and exclusive in each case. The paradox of the universals of the artistic language is that its code uniqueness is created anew every time and does not depend on the thematic content of the statement. At relatively late stages of development, the artistic language creates specific universals that are fundamentally impossible in other language systems. The most significant universal of artistic language is the presence of two co-opposed speech systems - verse and prose - in their various ratios, depending on the genre and direction. A more complex case can be observed in folklore and early literature, where syncretic forms predominate. The universals of the artistic language, as a rule, turn out to be closely tied to the artistic text. The article identifies five pairs of oppositions that claim to be called universals of a literary text: repetition - contrast, symmetry - asymmetry, background - figure, one's own - someone else's, discrete - continuous.


In a recent work Rindani and Sivakumar claim to have found a newspin-3/2 theory with novel properties. It is shown here that thesystem which they consider is equivalent to the conventional Rarita-Schwingerequation. Their approach therefore appears unlikely to succeed in eliminatingany of the long-standing problems associated with the interactingspin-3/2 field.


Owners` efforts to acquire Green building certification, which started in 2002, have been rapidly increasing since 2006. The causes of the increased owners` interests are due to various incentives, legal obligation, and purpose of advertising. As project owners generally are deficient in capabilities and knowledge on how to deal with administrative works on certification, they tend to fulfill the minimum requirements for certification. However, effective administration process need capabilities of identifying individual making decision point and review information. The implementation of green building certification system is expected to provide comfort to both occupants and potential users. Furthermore it contributes to reducing energy costs throughout the phase of O&M. In addition, technology innovation in green industry can be obtained. Therefore, this study is intended to support owners in order that they can clarify certification tasks and make a rational decision-making in time. For this purpose, first of all, the major decision points were selected as the gateways of green building certification process. And then management system based on IDEF3 modeling was developed for supporting owners` decision-making performance. This management system will improve owners` overall capacity in handling all the tasks regarding the certification of Green building.


This study aims to determine the effect of brand image and personal branding "Felicya Angelista" on purchasing decisions in the city of Medan. This research is a research with a quantitative approach. The sample in this study were users of the Scarlett Whitening product in the city of Medan totaling 100 respondents with the sampling technique using purposive sampling technique. From the t-test results, the brand image variable has a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions and the personal branding variable has a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions. Based on the results of the F test, brand image and personal branding variables simultaneously have a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions. In this study, the coefficient of determination (R2) was 30.3%, which indicates brand image (X1) and personal branding (X2) on purchasing decisions (Y), the remaining 69.7% influenced by variables not examined.


(1971). The Psychology of Maine de Biran. by F. C. T. Moore. Journal of the British Society for Phenomenology: Vol. 2, No. 3, pp. 93-95.


Some characteristic features of UV spectra which can be seen in flares (Brueckner, this Symposium, p. 135) can also be detected in active regions without the presence of typical other flare phenomena like X-ray enhancement. Another distinct difference between these 'flare-like' spectra and flare spectra is the absence of very high temperature ions like Fe xxi in the 'flare-like' spectra. They occur in small areas and can be detected as 'fluctuating Hα bright points' in broad band Hα. Simultaneously, a strong UV brightening can be seen. As reported by the Skylab crews, these brightenings occur more frequently and quasi-periodic prior to flares. Their spectra show the very broad transition zone lines and often strong line shifts toward the blue or red. Figure 1 shows a selection of typical spectra. One notices a very asymmetric Lα profile in one case. Spectra prior to, during, and after a flare are reproduced in Figure 2. One recognizes that the transition zone instability started intermittently prior to the flare and could be seen during short time intervals long after the flare had ceased.


Co-operation is ubiquitous in social life. Here we try to explore how the mechanism of co-operation can generate income among the high-risk, low-income clients. In this paper we have suggested a model of the operation of microcredit institution by analyzing both borrowings & delinquency in the microcredit groups. The paper starts with a brief definition of microcredit and its history in Indian context, the difference of microcredit and general banking, microcredit and microfinance, role of Grameen Bank, women's empowerment, concept of Self-Help Group, loan schemes, process of loan repayment and types of costs associated and afterwards a plan model is demonstrated on target group and organization building. A mathematical model is proposed to understand the break-even point related to loan size and interest rates. We have also proposed a mathematical model of borrowing group creditworthiness. Corresponding risk coefficient is also measured for the entire process.


While the field of language learning motivation has progressed significantly in recent decades, there is still a considerable gap in our understanding about teachers ' motivational practice. Specifically, the focus has been on descriptive accounts of the strategies teachers employ and their perceived effectiveness, but how teachers think about student motivation and their own motivational practice and why teachers do what they do is vastly under-researched. Understanding teacher cognitions on this phenomenon is a crucial component of moving the field forward into real classroom impact. Drawing on stimulated recall interview data, this paper explores the cognitions of English language teachers in Hong Kong, in relation to learner motivation. Findings point to diverse approaches to motivational practice dependent largely on the extent to which teachers' conceptualisations of motivation are static or dynamic and the degree to which they recognize the agentive role of the teacher in shaping and directing motivation. The paper argues the need for an explicit focus on motivational teaching practice in teacher education programmes, equipping language teachers with the tools for socioculturally classroom responsive pedagogical frameworks.


Background McLeod neuroacanthocytosis syndrome is a rare X-linked recessive multisystem disorder affecting the peripheral and central nervous systems, red blood cells, and internal organs. Methods We carried out in silico analysis of structural effect of each SNP using different bioinformatics tools to predict substitution influence on protein structural and functional level. Result 2 novel mutations out of 104 nsSNPs that are found to be deleterious effect on the XK structure and function. Conclusion The present study provided a novel insight into the understanding of McLeod syndrome, SNPs occurring in coding and non-coding regions, may lead to RNA alterations and should be systematically verified. Functional studies can gain from a preliminary multi-step approach, such as the one proposed here; we prioritize SNPs for further genetic mapping studies. This will be a valuable resource for neurologists, hematologists, and clinical geneticists on this rare and debilitating disease.


with randomization to immediate provision of results vs. provision only if clinically necessary. (See Deyo et al., 1987; Djais and Kalim, 2005; Gilbert et al., 2004; Kendrick et al., 2001; Kerry et al., 2002; Modic et al., 2005.) The researchers rated the quality of the trials with the modified Cochrane Back Review Group criteria. Half the trials were rated as having "higher-quality" methodology. They met at least half of the eight Cochrane criteria. Readers can consult the study for details of the meta-analysis, its strengths, and its potential shortcomings. No Shortor Long-Term Benefits


We propose the signed-graph that has signs attached to vertices as well as edges or arcs. We call it "variable-signed graph" (VSG). The algorithm to minimize the number of bipolar as its application is presented. The algorithm is useful not only to minimise the number of inverters in analogue computer programming, but also to solve the sociometry problems.<<ETX>>


The general aim of this work was to add new knowledge on novel hemicellulolytic enzymes involved in the hydrolysis of lignocellulosic materials, considered as a key process for the bioethanol production.
Therefore, it is not only focused on (hemi)cellulolytic enzymes from mesophilic fungi and bacteria but also on newly isolated and characterized xylanase and β-xylosidase from the thermophilic bacteria Geobacillus thermodenitrificans A333 and Anoxybacillus sp. 3M, respectively.
The covered fields involved the production and purification of the novel thermo-alkali tolerant hemicellulases and the characterization of these enzymes by their activity, substrate specificity and hydrolytic potential. The present work was also focused on the definition of enzymatic cocktails through the identification of the enzyme components of bacterial and fungal origin most useful for improving the complete hydrolysis of lignocelluloses and the exploration of the possible synergies among them.
In order to convert lignocellulosic materials from agro-residues into reducing sugars, pretreatments and enzymatic hydrolysis of the biomasses has been performed. Different enzyme cocktails composition were defined by using various commercial and in house developed cellulases, xylanases, β-xylosidases and arabinosidases, to obtain the efficient hydrolysis of Arundo donax, corn cobs and BSG. Since each biomass responds differently to pretreatment methods, an appropriate chemical pretreatment method was used for BSG and two different pretreatments involving chemical and physical methods were tested for their efficiency on A. donax.
Though research about the conversion of biomass to ethanol is vast and this productive process is since long time known, its commercialization is restricted by the elevated costs and the limited efficiency. This research intends to demonstrate that using agro-residues as substrates, high yields of reducing sugars are possible, using the appropriate pretreatments and enzyme cocktails. The removal of the limitation imposed by poor yields after the enzymatic hydrolysis, would result in an increased efficiency for ethanol production, which is a key stepping stone to its commercialization. Also, increasing the recovery of the co-product of (hemi)celluloses hydrolysis, as xylose and arabinose, would also allow an effective utilization of this resource.


The surface expression of the North Anatolian Fault between the Sea of Marmara and the Gulf of Saros, Turkey was determined using Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper (TM) and Système Probatoire de l'Observation de la Terre (SPOT) high resolution visible (HRV) Panchromatic images and a digital elevation model (DEM) based on 1 : 25 000 scale topographic maps. The remotely sensed data had been enhanced to reveal linear details. Between Gaziköy (Marmara Shore) and Saros two small releasing steps were identified, one to the east of Mürseli village and the other between Mürseli and Yayaköy villages. Hitherto, a single straight fault line had been drawn between Gaziköy and Saros on the geological map of this region. Between the Yeniköy and Sofular villages, the fault strike bends ∼7° further to the SE. The course of the fault between the Sea of Marmara and the Gulf of Saros is, therefore, more complicated than formerly believed and this is probably because the fault has utilized the pre-existing structures of the Neo-Tethyan subduction–accretion complex.


A study was conducted to evaluate the effect of graded doses of nitrogen and phosphorus on growth and yield of gladiolus at Horticultural College and Research Institute, Venkataramannagudem in 2012-13. The spike yield was maximum with nitrogen dose of 300 kg ha-1, phosphorus dose of 200 ha-1 both individually and in combination. The total weight of corm per plant was maximum with the treatment combination of nitrogen at 400 kg ha-1 plus phosphorus at 200 kg ha-1. The vegetative parameters like plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, dry weight of leaves, dry weight of flower, growth parameters like leaf area index (LAI), crop growth rate (CGR), net assimilation rate (NAR) and the uptake of nitrogen and phosphorus was recorded highest with a dose of nitrogen at 300 kg ha-1 plus phosphorus at 200 kg ha-1. Even though, the fertilizer dose of nitrogen at 400 kg ha-1 plus phosphorus at 200 kg ha-1 was good at initial crop growth stages, the same was not continued in the later stages with respect to the growth parameters.


This hand book details the process of Cataractogenesis using 'Lens Organ Culture Technique' and the changes in the lens enzymes. Three models were selected viz sugar induced cataract, hydrogen Peroxide induced cataract and steroid induced cataract. A total of 480 Goat lenses, obtained from slaughter house were analyzed. These lenses were subjected to 'Lens Organ Culture Technique'. The cultured lenses were categorized as control group and the experimental groups (Sugar induced cataract H202 induced cataract and steroid induced cataract). It was found that total soluble proteins were significantly decreased in all the three types of experimental cataractous lenses when compared with control lenses. The activity of catalase did not show any significant decrease in sugar cataracts and steroid cataract while a significant decrease was observed in H202 cataract as compared to control lenses. Specific activities of Glutathione peroxidase and Glutathione reductase were found to be significantly decreased in all the three types of cataractous lenses as compared to control lenses. The activity of other enzymes was also measured (lactate dehydrogenase, Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase).


The paper aims to study the variation of cross-shaped columns flexural capacity and curvature ductility ratio.The whole process nonlinear analysis based on band division method is applied.Considering the four factors such asconcrete strength,stirrup size of hoop,axial compression ratio,load angle and three levels of each factor are considered.Nine kinds of cross-shaped columns are combined according to orthogonal tests so as to calculate the anti-bending bearing capability and the curvature ductility ratio.The concrete strength greatly influences the flexural capacity.The tie ratio can greatly improve ductility.During the axial compression ratio increases from 0.3 to 0.5,while the sectional anti-bending bearing capacity decreases rapidly when the anti-bending capacity of section increases from 0.5 to 0.7 gradually;Sectional curvature ductility ratio decreases quite rapidly in the process.With the load angle increasing from 0° to 30°,flexural capacity and curvature ductility ratio have no great changes;while the loading angle increases from 30° to 45°,flexural capacity increases and curvature ductility ratio decreases.The conclusion is drawn that the bending capacity and curvature ductility ratio of cross reinforced concrete column will be influenced grealty by concrete strength,hoop ratio of volume,axial compression ratio and load angle.So the above aspects should be taken into account when designing.


In order to enhance the performance of axial flow check valve, the nozzle and disk structures are improved. Contrast four different kinds of valve structure by CFD and get the valve structure of minimum flow resistance. By UDF and dynamic grid technology the whole process of the valve opening is simulated and the motion characteristics of the valve are achieved. It can verify the dynamic characteristic of the valve is improved, and the relative error is less than 2%. By analyzing dynamic characteristics of different inlet pressure, the axial flow check valve with optimized structure has reduced flow resistance, improved stability and longer service life.


A survey was performed on the basis of 1160 clinical histories in our Service in the year 2000 by means of a descriptive study. The aim of this survey was to know the fre- quency of Sarcoptic Scabies in the canine population that is taken for their attention to our Service. The stories chosen were those with a certain and/or therapeutic diagnosis of Sarcoptic Scabies. The results were as follows: frequency 4, 8%, male dogs 65, 5%, which shows a bi modal age tendency (2 months and 1 year), 18, 2% of cases in October and 27, 3% showed positive scrapping. The data are compared with the casuistry of other countries and their importance is analyzed on behalf of Public Health.


Objective
To investigate the relationship between Klotho and autophagy in sepsis-induced acute kidney injury mice model.

Methods
The male healthy Balb/c mice were used to establish the model of sepsis-induced acute kidney injury by using cecal ligation and puncture(CLP). Mice were sacrificed at 3 h, 6 h, 12 h, 1 d, 2 d, 3 d, and 5 d after CLP (n=12 for each interval) and on 1 d 6 mice in sham group as well as 6 mice in normal group were sacrificed at the same time. Scr and BUN in the blood serum were detected. The HE and PAS staining were employed for observation on the histopathological changes in kidney tissues under light microscope. The autophagosomes were observed under transmission electron microscope (TEM). The renal protein of Klotho, LC3 and P62 were detected by using Western blot and Immunohistochemistry. Statistical analyses were performed using Student's t-test by SPSS 23.0. software.

Results
Scr and BUN increased significantly after CLP, especially on 1 d, respectively (165.64±20.56) μmol/L and (45.51±4.05) mmol/L. HE and PAS staining showed renal tissue was damaged obviously 1 d after CLP, as indicated by desquamation of the brush border of proximal tubular epithelial cells, appearance of bare basement membrane, and interstitial inflammatory cell infiltration. Under TEM, autophagosomes and phagocytosis were observed. Compared with sham group, the expression of Klotho protein decreased gradually from 3 h to 1 d and dropped to the trough at 1 d (t=51.851, P<0.01), then resumed gradually from 2 d to 5 d. On the contrary, the activation of autophagy increased as indicated by the expression of LC3-II/L3-I and p62. Autophagy was induced gradually from 3 h to 1 d and reached peak at 1 d, then declined gradually from 2 d to 5 d (P<0.01). The protein of Klotho and LC3-Ⅱ mainly distributed in renal tubular cytoplasm, and Klotho was reduced significantly (t=-8.371, P<0.01)and LC3-Ⅱappeared in high density remarkably (t=4.995, P=0.001)on 1 d after CLP.

Conclusions
Klotho protein reduction and autophagy protein increase were observed in sepsis-induced acute kidney injury, and the expressions of Klotho and autophagy acted out in certain extent of time dependence.

Key words:
Sepsis; Acute kidney injury; Klotho; Autophagy; CLP; LC3-Ⅱ; P62; Mice


We theoretically investigate the control of high-order harmonics cut-off and as-pulse generation by a chirped laser field using a metallic bow tie-shaped nanostructure. The numerical results show that the trajectories of the electron wave packet are strongly modified, the short quantum path is enhanced, the long quantum path is suppressed and the low modulated spectrum of the harmonics can be remarkably extended. Our calculated results also show that, by confining electron motion, a broadband supercontinuum with the width of 1670 eV can be produced which directly generates an isolated 34 as-pulse without phase compensation. To explore the underlying mechanism responsible for the cut-off extension and the quantum path selection, we perform time–frequency analysis and a classical simulation based on the three-step model.


A dual-chamber hydro-pneumatic suspension, a modified version of the traditional hydro-pneumatic suspension, can provide enhanced isolation performance. In this article, we use two very different t...


With a variation in reaction conditions, 1, 4-bis (2-(2-chloroethoxy)ethoxy)-calix[6]arene (3) and l,3,5-tris(2-(2-chloroethoxy) ethoxy)-calix [6] arene (4) or 4 and 4-chloroethoxyethoxy-calix[6]crown-3 (5) were selectively synthesized from p-tert-butyl-calix [6] arene and 2-(2-chloroethoxy)ethyltosylate. l,3–4,6-p-tert-butylcalix[6]-bis-crown-3 (6) with (u,u,u,d,d,d) conformation and 1,3–4,5-p-tert-butylcalix[6]-biscrown-3 (7) with self-anchored (u,u, u, u, u, d) conformation were synthesized through an intramolecularly ring-closing condensation of 1, 4-bis (2-(2-chloroethoxy)ethoxy)-p-tert-butyl-calix[6]arene (3) in 25% and 15% yield, respectively. Using 5 instead of 3, only 7 was obtained in 65% high yield. 6 and 7 show different complexation properties toward alkali metal and ammonium ions.


This paper offers a synthesis of the positions in the literature regarding controversies about the multiverse. After re-viewing some simple elements of modern cosmology and its observational limitations, we will present the history ofthe ideas that led, first, to the proposal of the anthropic principle and, years later, to the possible existence of causallydisconnected domains, eventually endowed with their own laws and fundamental constants, not all compatible with theexistence of observers, which were globally baptized with the confusing name of parallel universes or multiverse.


In real estate registration measurement, we will encounter area calculation problem of some special graphics. In this article, based on an actual example, we deduced conventional formula for the calculation of ring-shaped real estate area at first. And then, we carried out comprehensive analysis and discussion on the deduced formula and came to the conclusion of area calculation about the ring-shaped real estate, which has widespread significance.


The factors of seedless expression in Citrus kinokuni hort. ex Tanaka 'Mukaku Kishu', 'Southern Yellow' {'Tanikawa Buntan' pummelo (an uncertain hybrid with C. maxima (Burm.) Merr.) · 'Mukaku Kishu'}, and the hybrid seedling BSY lines of 'Southern Yellow' · Bu1-7 pummelo (chance seedling of 'Suisho Buntan' pummelo (C. maxima)) were investigated histologically. 'Mukaku Kishu', 'Southern Yellow', BSY18, and BSY21 are completely seedless, whereas others are seedy. The percentage of abnormal embryo sacs and fertilization in seedless cultivars and lines showed no differences from seedy ones, indicating that the seedlessness of 'Mukaku Kishu' and its progenies was not involved in abnormal embryo sacs and unfertilized ovules. In seedy cultivars and lines, embryos developed to the cotyledon stage by 14 weeks after pollination. In the seedless cultivars and lines, however, embryos only developed to the early stages of zygote or embryo development. These results indicate that the seedless expression of the seedless progenies of 'Mukaku Kishu' coincides with 'Mukaku Kishu' and is caused by an arrested seed development at the early stage.


It is frequently held forth, within the area of virtual pedagogical characters, that such characters are beneficial for learning as they strengthen the social dimension of electronic learning environments. This article presents more details on this proposal together with a survey of corresponding empirical evidence. In addition, materials from a recently conducted empirical study are presented. Ninety school children, 12‐15-year-old, were asked (i) to grade the idea of virtual characters in electronic learning environments and (ii) to chose between a strictly task-oriented, socially 'shallow' and a more socially oriented pedagogical character. The participants were also asked to articulate the reasons behind their answers, and to share their thoughts and opinions on the issues. The results of the study, as well as of several of the studies reviewed, indicate that responses and attitudes towards social aspects of virtual pedagogical characters are highly divergent. In particular, the notion that social dimensions of virtual characters increase learners' motivation and engagement may be less generally applicable in a student population than is sometimes hypothesized. An ensuing design guideline suggests interface solutions with an emphasis on flexibility regarding social orientation and communicative style in virtual characters.


Several years ago we published a review of forty cases of Ulcer. In this review we referred especially to the frequent association of ulcer with hyperhlorhydria, hypersecretion and gastrosucchorea, and endeavored to draw some conclusions as to the relation between them all. It appeared that there was no symptom common to these disorders always present, and no condition in any which might be considered path ognomonic of ulcer. But we believed then, and still are of the opinion, that ulcer is no more an entity than is any other disease of the stomach or duodenum, and that even as a clinical entity its existence may be questioned. However, be fore an intelligent idea can be formed as to the relation be tween two or more concurrent diesases we must first have definite knowledge of each separate disease,' and must also be sure that what is classed as disease is something more than a phase or an epoch of disease. Tn any event a study of Ulcer cannot be comprehensive which does not take into account each distinct process which may predispose to it or which may be present with it. Experimental production of Ulcer has taught us much of value. But experiment cannot prove everything about any thing. Art cannot create the conditions which develop as a sequence of orderly physiological perversion. Surgery has given us a closer view of the morbid anatomy of Ulcer and of the deformities which often follow it. But


This study is concentrated on the relationship between training and work environment on job satisfaction in Ranhill Water Services Sdn. Bhd ("RWS"). Measurement was completed through two independent variables which are training and work environment. And the dependent variable given for this research was job satisfaction. A survey questionnaire has been used on this study to collect the data. In RWS, there have 420 staff in total. The researcher used Krejcie and Morgan (1970) table to find out the sample size to distribute the questionnaire. From that table, the researcher needs to distribute 217 sets of questionnaire and the researcher received 100% completed questionnaire. The researcher also used non probability sampling which is convenience sampling technique. The reason of researcher chooses this technique because responses from the respondents are more convenience to obtain.
Based on the findings, the score of Cronbach's Alpha shows the three most reliable variables which are training, work environment and job satisfaction which each of them was indicated at 0.875, 0.828 and 0.714 respectively. These alphas score showed that the reliability are preferable since 0.5 and above are considered as reliable. The relationship has been discovered between training and work environment on job satisfaction were positive and moderate.


According to the complexity and nonlinearity characteristics of short-term traffic flow,the application of classification and regression tree model in freeway traffic volume prediction was investigated,and its including growing,splitting and pruning of the model was studied.The real traffic volume data of the freeways in Portland State of US was tested and verified.Afterwards,the experimental result of model was compared with the traditional ARIMA model and Kalman filtering model by using the error analysis methods of RMSE and MAPE.Comparison result indicates that the RMSEs of tree model are 42.1% and 13.1% lower than ARIMA model and Kalman filtering model,respectively.


Blast science concerns the processes by which the energy of an explosion source becomes propagated into its surrounding environment, then interacts, loads, and damages materials, structures, and systems. Although explosive events have been chronicled for over 2000 yrs, and good empirical insights regarding blast phenomenology were established prior to WW‐II, the advent of the nuclear bomb drove the first rigorous and concerted efforts to understand the detailed physics of blast propagation. Blast science merges with classical acoustic sciences in its far‐field limits including phenomena such as atmospheric focusing. However, in the interaction of blast with composite structures including the human body, a wide range of transmitted, coupled, or overdriven mechanical waves of many types can be generated. There has been a significant resurgence of R&D in protective technologies against modern blast threats such as terrorist bombings and IED attacks against our armed services. The current paper presents a rev...


The mining sector in Malawi is very small and contributes only 3 per cent to GDP. The few existing mines are of small and medium sizes and their linkages with the manufacturing sector are weak. Apart from industrial mineral production, which services local demand, Malawi does not have a well-developed minerals industry, although there are potential heavy mineral sand, bauxite, phosphate, uranium and rare earth element deposits.


A laser Doppler velocimeter (LDV) was used in conjunction with a quiescently seeded ambient enclosure to study the mean and transient flow field induced by a 7.1-crtrtoluene pool fire. Radial and axial mean veiocity data are presented in the form of a vector plot to elueidate the flowpatterns. A component of the vorticity deduced from the velocity field shows a rapid increase near the masimum location of the visible flame interface. The reaufts show that the mass of air sat in motion by the fire is much larger than the mass that is erttrainad into the visible flame and the vortiaty interfaces. The results highlight the need for use of a specific unambiguous definition of entrainment when comparing experimental data and correIatir3na.?lte _fitY density funetiotts (pdfs) Ofradial and axiaivelocities reveai both outward and inward instantaneous motion of air asweftas reeirettiation. The outward motion is caused by espatrsion and the inward motion is caused by the vordeity generated by the density gradiic. A net inward motion is caused leading to entrainment. The transient measurements are of value to the development of improved understanding and anaiysea of fire indtteed flows.


Intravenous urography was performed in 114 asymptomatic patients who had been treated with methysergide maleate for six months or longer. There were 13 abnormal urograms; 5 revealed congenital anomalies, and 5 showed medial deviation of the ureter but no other abnormalities. In three there was the characteristic picture of retroperitoneal fibrosis; two of these showed marked roentgenographic improvement after methysergide therapy was stopped, while in the third there was only partial improvement. Withdrawal of methysergide did not affect the medial deviation of the ureter. We recommend that a urogram be obtained at the start of methysergide therapy, and that urography be repeated at six-month intervals during therapy. Early recognition of silent ureteral obstruction may prevent renal damage, since the fibrosis usually regresses with drug withdrawal.


As the national capital and one of the largest cities in the world, environmental conditions and land use in Jakarta have changed a lot in the last twenty years. Economic growth and high population growth in Jakarta have resulted in massive development of infrastructure and residential areas in Jakarta. Economic growth and an increase in population are become problems, especially with the decreasing of green areas due to the development process carried out without paying attention to the surrounding environment. Environmental problems such as water pollution, land subsidence, coastal erosion and flooding often occur in the Jakarta area, especially in the coastal areas of North Jakarta. The research from 1998 to 2018 show that from the observations area of mangrove land cover has increased by 79 hectares during that period. The same trend applied on area of built and open land that increased by 292 hectares and 887 hectares respectively. Meanwhile, the area of land for vegetation, water bodies, and fishpond has decreased from 1998 to 2018 by 393 hectares, 797 hectares and 309 hectares respectively. Development and reclamation have changed land use in the Northern area of Jakarta. However, it is also necessary to pay attention to the impact of development on environmental and social conditions in the North Jakarta area.


NA62 is a fixed target experiment to measure very rare decays of Kaons at CERN Super Proton Synchrotron accelerator. The NA62 experiment line comprises several large detectors installed inside a vacuum vessel with a length of 250 m and an internal diameter of up to 2.8 m. The vacuum installation consists of 170 remote controlled pumps, valves and gauges. The operational specifications of NA62 require a complex vacuum control system: tight interaction between vacuum controllers and detector controllers, including pumping or venting vetoes, and detector start-stop interlocks; most of the valves are interlocked, including the large vacuum sector gate valves; the vacuum devices are driven by 20 logic processes. The vacuum control system is based on commercial Programmable Logical Controllers (Siemens PLC: S7300 series) and a Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition application (Siemens SCADA: WINCC OA). The control software is built upon the standard framework used in CERN accelerators vacuum, with some specific developments. We describe the control architecture, and report on the particular requirements and the solutions implemented.


Entrepreneurship education is one of the keys to achieving employment creation and sustainable poverty reduction in Nigeria. It entails the philosophy of self-reliance. It creates a productive economic environment for small scale businesses to thrive. The development process of any country is determined by the way the production forces in and around the economy is organized. For most countries, the development of industry has depended a great deal on the role of the private sector. Entrepreneurship plays a major role in this regard. Entrepreneurial development, achieved through entrepreneurial education should be seen as a catalyst for private sector development in Nigeria. This study is therefore set to examine the impact of entrepreneurial education on productive employment and sustainable poverty reduction in Cross River State, with particular reference to the Central Bank of Nigeria Entrepreneurial Development Center in Calabar. Descriptive design was adopted to describe the phenomenon under study, gather and collate data for statistical analysis. The study relied on primary and secondary data. Primary data was obtained from a sample population of 60 respondents randomly selected among beneficiaries of the Central Bank of Nigeria Entrepreneurial Development Center (CBN-EDC), Calabar. Findings obtained in the study established that there is a significant relationship between entrepreneurial education and employment creation as well as poverty reduction in the state.


By HERBERT FRIEDMANN Department of Biologp, Amherst College IF ONE were to enumerate the main features characteristic of birds, the chances are that the habit of nestbuilding would be among the first to be mentioned. This indicates in no uncertain fashion the universality of this habit in this large group of vertebrates, and in turn, this very utliversality immediately focuses our attention on those relatively few species that neither build nests nor care for their eggs or young. These birds lay their eggs in occupied nests of other species, to whose care they are left, and because of this habit are, for want of a better term, said to be parasitic. The habit is not true parasitism in the real biological sense, and may be called social or breeding parasitism. Few problems in the study of animal behavior have aroused more interest for a longer period of time, and from Aristotle to the present time there is an unbroken series of attempts to explain the origin of this peculiar habit. In the early days of biological science this question was limited to a single species, the well known European cuckoo, Cuculus canorus, and it was of this bird that Aristotle wrote, ending his discourse with the cautious sentence, "People say that they have been eye-witnesses of these things." Since his time a great many individuals have also claimed to have been eye-witnesses of these and similar things, but it is only within the last century that accuracy and precision have been brought into play in these observations and the facts separated from the interpretations. Less than two centuries ago it was found that many cuckoos in Asia were also parasitic, but the habit was still supposed to be confined to the one family of birds. In the early days of the last century it was discovered that the cuckoos were not the only birds with parasitic breeding habits, and that the cowbird of North America, Molothras ater, a bird belonging to an entirely different order, also exhibited this remarkable mode of reproduction. Later, workers in southern South America found that some of the neotropical cowbirds were likewise parasitic, and observers in Africa announced that the habit was also found in some of the honey-guides. Quite recently a few of the African weaverbirds were shown to be parasitic, and just a few years ago a South American duck, Heteronettag atricapilla, was found to possess this habit as well. At present, this manner of reproduction is known to occur in five widely separated and distantly related families of birds: the cuckoos (Cucalidae), the hangnests (Icteridae), to which group the cowbirds belong, the weaverbirds (Ploceidae), the honey-guides (Indicatoridae), and the ducks (Anatidae). Of the cuckoos about seventy species are known to be parasitic; of the hangnests, only the cowbirds and the rice grackle, half a dozen species in all; of the weavers, only three; of the honey-guides, all the species of whose breeding habits we have any knowledge, less than half a dozen; and of the ducks, a single species. The entire number of parasitic species forms but a


Hourly and nightly catches of Heliothis armiger (Hb.) and H. punctiger Wllgr. at a site adjacent to 2000 ha of commercial cotton in the Namoi Valley of New South Wales, were analysed in relation to various environmental factors and showed that wind speed, temperature, night-length and ( H. armiger only) moonlight exerted a significant influence on trap-catch. For H. punctiger and H. armiger respectively, these factors accounted for 80 and 60% of the deviance in hourly catches but only 70 and 40% of the variation in nightly catches. Wind speeds of more than 1·7 m/s suppressed the catch of both species but had a greater effect on H. punctiger than H. armiger . Whereas with both species, the optimum temperature for trapping was about 27°C, temperature had a greater influence on the catch of H. punctiger than of H. armiger . Bright moonlight was estimated to reduce the catch of H. armiger by 49%, but no significant effect was detected for H. punctiger . The analysis revealed a number of occasions for both species in which the hourly distribution of catch and/or the change in catch between successive nights was aberrant. With H. armiger , these inconsistencies appeared to be associated with changes in population due to adult emergence, whereas for H. punctiger the most likely cause seemed to be changes due to movement. The combined effects of wind speed, temperature, night-length and moonlight were used to adjust the nightly catches of each species according to the environmental conditions prevailing on a ' standard' night. This was defined as a typical summer's night with temperatures decreasing from 28·8°C at dusk to 20·6°C at dawn and ideal catching conditions, i.e. no moon and wind speed never exceeding 1·7 m/s. As such, the adjusted catches could be taken as indices of moth abundance. These showed that H. armiger had three discrete periods of abundance, characterised by the presence of large numbers of young moths and spaced at intervals suggesting successive generations. A similar pattern was lacking in H. punctiger , which was abundant only during the first half of the season. Except during periods of emergence ( H.armiger ), or once when spraying occured during daylight, the aerial application of insecticides to the cotton adjecent to the light-trap resulted in marked reductions in the populations of both species.


Based on the technology acceptance model (TAM), this paper discusses how the functional attributes and design characteristics of sports wearable devices affect users' attitude and behavior. In order to estimate the relationship between variables, structural equation model (SEM) was used to analyze the data from questionnaire. By analyzing the relationship among data analysis, real-time monitoring, appearance design, simple operation, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, use attitude, and use behavior, it is found that data analysis and real-time monitoring has a significant impact on the perceived usefulness of sports wearable devices. The simple operation and appearance design have a significant impact on the perceived ease of use of sports wearable devices. The perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use of sports wearable devices further affect users' attitude and behavior. The result means all study hypotheses were accepted. Therefore, providing perfect data analysis function, developing accurate real-time monitoring function, introducing friendly appearance design, and simplifying product operation mode can improve the use value and operation convenience of sports wearable devices and enhance the acceptance of users.


Circumferential stresses were measured on 5-ft flat circular block-constructed solid cloth and ringslot parachutes in a wind tunnel during inflation under infinite mass condition and at steady state. Five Omega senors placed along gore centerlines and a force link measured stresses and the parachute force versus time. Radial stresses were measured on a 3-ft solid flat circular block-constructed parachute at steady state. Stress measurements were evaluated in view of maximum and steady-state stresses versus location and time, as well as in respect to the parachute force. The measurements indicated strong stress variations, being different for both types of parachutes. In the 3-ft solid cloth parachute, the radial stress was, at certain locations, greater than the circumferential stress.


Although the livestock excretion is a significant resource in providing nutrients to the crops as it is recycled, it has been perceived as the cause of environmental pollutions for its inappropriate treatment and quality control issues. The study is aimed to develop an integrated management system for efficient management of livestock excretion using the Ubiquitous technology, and the user requirements are analyzed for development of such system. As the result of analysis on the requirements, it has been proved that such system is perceived to be necessary and the demand for several main functions can be seen as well.


Background: Studies have shown that mini-αA can protect retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells from apoptosis. However, no in vivo study concerning the anti-apoptotic function of mini-αA has been conducted yet. Methods: MTT assay, HE staining and TUNEL assay were used to assess levels of cells, and an animal model was established to examine the protective effects of mini-αA against NaIO3-induced RPE cell apoptosis. Western blot analysis and RT-qPCR were performed to explore the possible mechanism of mini-αA's protective function against NaIO3-induced RPE cell apoptosis. Results: Results from in vivo and animal experiments showed that mini-αA antagonized NaIO3-induced RPE cell apoptosis. Further investigation into how mini-αA provided protection against NaIO3-induced RPE cell apoptosis showed that mini-αA reduced NaIO3-induced RPE cell apoptosis and autophagy. In addition, unfolded protein response was also involved in the protective effects of mini-αA against NaIO3-induced RPE cell apoptosis. Conclusions: mini-αA can antagonize RPE cell apoptosis induced by NaIO3. A possible mechanism is by inhibition of apoptosis by repressing autophagy and endoplasmic reticulum stress.


Problem: Argus Chemical, a division of Witco Chemical Corporation in Brooklyn, NY that produces PVC stabilizers and other specialty chemicals, needed an efficient system to recover condensate from low pressure steam. Condensate from high pressure steam was pumped back to the boiler room, but condensate from drip legs and pipe tracing was being discharged to the sewer system. Low pressure steam condensate had also been collected and returned to the boiler plant for many years with electric drive pumps, but recovery was discontinued due to the high cost of maintaining the pumps, motors and electric controls. The plant was concerned about the steadily increasing cost of fuel and decided to investigate alternatives to electric equipment that could economically return the condensate to the boiler room. Solution: A pressure-powered, float-operated trap that can collect condensate and other liquids from low level, low pressure or vacuum lines and transfer the fluid to an elevated or higher pressure outlet was installed in August 1983. Steam, air or other suitable gases at pressures from 5 to 125 psi are used to pump the liquid, and operating costs are negligible when the exhaust is vented back to a closed system. The self-contained, non-electric unit hasmore » no seals that can leak, and assures safe, trouble-free operation in areas with flammable fluids. The compact trap/pump can handle up to 11,300 lb/hr or 22.5 gpm, and transfer 1000 lb of liquid with about 3 lb of steam. Corrosion-resistant stainless steel internals are standard, and body choices are cast iron or ASME-labeled welded galvanized steel.« less


This paper introduces the process for creating the Sydney York Morphological and Acoustic Recordings of Ears (SYMARE) database. The SYMARE database supports research exploring the relationship between the morphology of human outer ears and their acoustic filtering properties-a relationship that is viewed by many as holding the key to human spatial hearing and the future of 3D personal audio. The SYMARE database is comprised of acoustically measured head-related impulse responses for 61 listeners (48 male/13 female), multiple high-resolution surface mesh models (upper torso, head and ears) for these listeners obtained from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data, and the corresponding simulated HRIR data for these listeners generated using the Fast Multipole Boundary Element Method (FM-BEM). In this work, we compare acoustically measured HRIR data for 61 listeners with the listeners' corresponding simulated HRIR data generated using the FM-BEM.


This article discusses some possible roles for self-access pathways, particularly in cultures which have no tradition of self-study. It suggests how pathways might influence the design and running of self-access centres, and gives an illustration of how pathways were designed and employed in a centre in China. Feedback is based on a mini-survey distributed to thirty users.


Soil carbon is the main part of terrestrial carbon pool, and the total amount of soil organic carbon is about 1 270 Gt C globally. Climate changes influence plant production and decomposition rate of plant debris in/on soils, which contributes to the alterations of carbon fluxes between soils and the atmosphere, and can make great impacts on concentration of atmospheric CO 2. Soil organic matter model is the only practical tool for the carbon cycle researches at ecosystem level, many kinds of which have been developed up to now. A great number of studies suggest that 14 C measurement is an important method for the research on constitution of soil organic carbon and residual times of different components, soil organic carbon is composed of a series of components with different residual times. Grain size, mineral composition and soil texture are the main characteristics of soils controlling the amount and occurring states of soil organic carbon, and exert great impacts on the turnover of soil carbon with long residual times. Studies on the amount and dynamics of soil organic carbon could provide valuable theoretical bases for the predictions about alterations of agricultural and forest ecosystems under the influences of global changes.


This paper considers problems that arise when transforming TCP models developed using the ns simulator, to the TeD meta-language. The raison d'être for this project is to evaluate the potential of TeD as the target of an automated simulation model transformation system, so as to exploit the considerable existing modeling work that has already been conducted using ns. By transforming ns models to TeD we hope to provide high performance parallel simulation to detailed and accurate network models.


We report theoretical results for the nonequilibrium spin current and spin‐transfer torque in voltage‐biased SFNFS Josephson structures. The subharmonic gap structures and high voltage asymptotic behaviors of the dc and ac components of the spin current are analyzed and related to the spin‐dependent inelastic scattering of quasiparticles at both F layers.


The invention relates to a multifunctional rotating device, which comprises a pedestal, a support bar, a swing head at the top of the support bar, and a fixing device. A control circuit and a first stepper motor connected with the control circuit are placed in the pedestal, and the first stepper motor drives the support bar to rotate left and right through a first driving device; a second stepper motor connected with the control circuit is placed in the support bar, and the second stepper motor is connected with the fixing device through a second driving device and drives the fixing device to rotate vertically at an opening of the tail end of the swing head; and the fixing device comprises a panel, a telescopic bracket positioned at the lower part of the panel, and telescopic clamps positioned at two sides of the panel respectively. The multifunctional rotating device can conveniently fix a mobile phone or a product with similar volume, can rotate horizontally and vertically, is provided with an LED lamp and a mobile phone charger, and has the function of receiving and monitoring the rotating control command of the mobile phone; therefore, simultaneously, the device has the functions of mobile television reading, monitoring a mobile phone holder, product exhibition, writing desk lamps, mobile phone chargers, and the like.


Abstract— The excited state behavior of the red light‐absorbing form of phytochrome (Pr) was studied on the femtosecond time scale. After excitation of Pr with 75 fs laser pulses at 616 nm the kinetics of the transient absorption changes was recorded at selected wavelengths probing mainly the bleaching of the Pr ground‐state absorption and the stimulated emission. The kinetic data obtained indicate the population of an excited state with a 3 ps lifetime immediately after excitation. This state precedes the formation of another excited state with a 32 ps lifetime. The decay of the latter state is followed by the appearance of a first product state that is assumed to represent lunii‐R. In addition, 2,3‐dihydrobiliverdin, which is considered to be an adequate model of the Pr chro‐mophore, was included in the femtosecond studies. The absorption difference spectra recorded at various delay times show an immediate bleaching of the ground‐state absorption. Simultaneously with bleaching a broad transient absorption appears between 410 and 525 nm. The data analysis yields similar kinetic components as they were observed in the decay of Pr. It is suggested from this finding that within the first tens of picoseconds after excitation the excited‐state properties of Pr are mainly determined by the properties of the chromophore itself.


Class can be regarded as major position of educational reform and important platform of quality education. In order to implement these ideas to each stage and provide new paths to improve education quality, this paper proposed ecotypic classes, provided classes with clear structures and abundant functions. It elucidated how to promote thinking, reforming, converting, developing by common efforts of teachers and students. Harmonious education can have them feel make progress with times, the same fate with reform and profound development with motherland.


This research aims to produce mathematics problems based on PISA level with valid and practical content of change and relationships and has potential effect for Junior High School students. A development research method developed by Akker, Gravemeijer, McKenney and Nieveen is used this research. This development research consists of three stages; analysis, design, and evaluation. In the first stage, the researcher analyzed students, algebra material in school based curricula (KTSP) and mathematics problems of PISA 2003 of change and relationships content. The second stage, the researcher designed 13 problems with content of change and relationships. The last, the researcher used formative evaluation design developed by Tessmer which includes self evaluation, one-to-one, expert review, small group, and field test. The data collect by walk through (step of expert review) to get valid problems in aspect of content, construct, and language; interview (steps of one-to-one, small group,and field test) to know problems practicality; questionnaire (step of field test) to know problems' potential effects. The result of this research indicated that 12 mathematical problems based on PISA level of change and relationships content that developed have validity, practically, and potential effects for Junior High School students.


The study of the hypothetical fractal structure of the vacuum energy offers evidences that before the Big Bang existed a state where the Universe decided its geometric configuration and the nature of the matter and the quantum.


In addition to Sn3+ and Pb3+ centres previously reported, the following have been detected in a range of tin(II) and lead(II) salts after exposure to 60Co γ rays at 77 K: Sn+[in Sn(OAc)2]; Pb+[in Pb(OAc)2]; SnH2+(in SnSO4): PbH2+[in Pb(ClO4)2]; CO2–(Pb2+)[in Pb(HCO2)2]; H2ĊCO2–(Pb2+)[in Pb(MeCO2)2]; and ClO2(Pb2+)[in Pb(ClO4)2]. After attempting to justify these identifications, the electronic structure of these centres is discussed in the light of the e.s.r. parameters.


Background: Postpartum depression (PPD) is a severe health issue and is considered to have a negative effect on the wellbeing of mothers and on the physical and cognitive growth of children.Literatures on postpartum depression were confined in Egypt.The goals of this study are to establish the prevalence of postpartum depression as well as the underlying risk factors. Objective: to assess the prevalence of postpartum depression and the risk factors that contributed to PPD. Subjects and methods: From February 2019 to July2019 a crosssectional study was conducted involving 120 women whose youngestchild(ren) was less than 1 year old from obstetric outpatient clinic in Al-Zahraa University Hospital, Cairo, Egypt.The PPD symptoms were measured using an Arabic version of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Results: Postpartum depressionprevalence among 120 mothers (above the age of 18) was 27.5% in the first year after birth. Women who had suffered of domestic violence [OR: 6.4, 95% CI: 2.5, 15.3], previously diagnosed with postpartum depression [OR: 5.5, 95% CI: 1.6, 17.9], experienced stressful life events [OR: 3.6, 95% CI: 1.4, 8.1] and difficulty in interaction with others when struggling [OR: 4.1, 95% CI: 1.7, 9.1] had greater odds of reporting PPD. Conclusion: Postpartum depression (PPD) is a widespread, postnatal mental illness.Many factors may cause PPD to occur.Early detection of such factors can help in predicting PPD development.


Simulation analysis program of 3-dimensional finite Element for compute two kinds of the compacted concrete cofferdam projects were used in this study,for which the concrete contains and not MgO contains in order to discusses the characteristic of thermal stress field of the mass concrete with MgO.The result show that the concrete mixed with MgO can obviously compensate for thermal stress of the foundation restraint section and it is the useful way to simple temperature control measures and reduce thermal stress to use the concrete mixed with MgO.The conclusion may provide important reference for the further research in future.


Concept-Based Semantic Video Retrieval(CBSVR) usually uses semantic representations of videos to handle user's retrieval requests. It is obvious that the accuracy of semantic video retrieval depends on results of concept detectors, but the detection results are usually imprecise and uncertain . In this paper, we propose a multi-information fusion approach (MIF) which is dedicated to solving the problem of uncertain semantic representations of videos for improving retrieval accuracy. This approach is based on a novel two-phase framework that involves the inferring phase and the fusing phase. In the inferring phase, the most relevant concepts to the user's query are chosen by exploring both contextual correlation among concepts and temporal correlation among shots. In the fusing phase, the inferred probabilities of the related concepts are fused together with the detection results via minimization of potential function to refine the detector prediction. Experiments on the widely used TRECVID datasets demonstrate that our approach can effectively improve the accuracy of semantic concept detection.


A new and improved polyester fiberfill, wherein the polyester polymer with a small amount of trimellitic acid, such as benzene, trimesic chain branching, and the tricarboxylic acid or a derivative thereof or preparation of tetraethyl silicate for such chain the polyester fiberfill branched.


The performance characteristics of charcoal samples of five tropical plants were evaluated for the production of black powder for blasting, sporting and firework purposes. The charcoal produced from each of the tropical plants was used in combination with potassium nitrate and sulphur to produce black powders in the ratio of 2:3:0.5. With the foreign black powder as control, the produced black powders were subjected to ignition/deflagration field tests. The results show that the flame from the ignition of the black powder of trema orientalis were similar to that of foreign black powder. They were reddish in nature intermixed with yellowish colour and, therefore, would be suitable for blasting purposes. Also, that of manihot esculentas would do well for use as gunpowder for sporting purposes while that of cajanus cajan would be an ideal ingredient for the making of fireworks and Christmas "bisco" light. The performances of that of bambusa spp and tectona grandis were too poor for efficient blasting, sporting or firework purposes.


Today, more and more invest ment strat e gies are not only led by profi t con sid er ations but, also by the incor po ra tion of envi ron men tal, social and gov ernance fac tors and their eff ect on our planet and society. Sustainable invest ment strat e gies are not only lim ited to the rela tion ship between cli ent advis ers and inves tors but also need to be con sid ered in other busi ness areas, such as lend ing / bor row ing and securitisation / collateralisation. Achieving an eff ec tive incor po ra tion of sus tain abil ity risks and oppor tu ni ties to the reg u la tory frame work requires col lab o ra tion between global and national policy mak ers, reg u la tory and indus try bod ies. This paper pro vi des the cur rent sta tus regard ing global devel op ments — geo graph i cally, reg u la tory and indus try driven — in incor po rat ing ESG fac tors to the secu ri ties lend ing busi ness / pro cess, the cur rent holis tic reg u la tory envi ron ment and the cur rent data require ments and chal lenges, together with suggested guid ance for com pli ance per son nel. As a fi nal remark, all fi nan cial ini tia tives and reg u la tions require data — key fac tors are gen er a tion, col lection, enrich ment, processing and dis tri bu tion in a timely man ner and of top qual ity — not only as part of the inves tor ' s advi sory pro cess, but also when it comes to the inte gra tion of ESG into the secu rities lend ing pro cess. Jacob Gertel


Objective To establish and optimize the procedures of fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH), and evaluate its clinical value in rapid prenatal diagnosis of fetal numerical abnormality of chromosomes 21, 18, 13, X, Y. Methods Amniotic fluid or fetal blood was sampled by routine invasive procedures. After the amniotic fluid cells or fetal blood cells were separated and sequentially processed with hypotonic solution, fixation solution, smear and high temperature, they were hybridized in situ with two panels of specific fluorescence probes to detect numerical abnormality of chromosomes 21, 18, 13, X, Y. All the samples were also cultured and analyzed for their karyotype by conventional methods. Results When it was used as a diagnostic criterion of chromosomal number that the fluorescence signals were observed in ≥90% cells, GLP 13/GLP 21 probe panel showed 2 green/2 red fluorescence signals and CSP18/CSP X/CSP Y probe panel showed 2 blue/2 yellow (female) or 2 blue/1 yellow/1 red fluorescence signals (male) under normal condition. The test reports of all 196 cases were sent out in 72-96 hours, and 7 cases of Down syndrome, 2 cases of trisomy 18 and 1 case of sex chromosomal numerical abnormality were detected, which were accordant with karyotype analysis results reported one month later. Conclusions FISH has potential for clinical application, and is applicable to rapid prenatal diagnosis of fetal numerical abnormality of chromosomes 21, 18, 13, X, Y. The rapid FISH, together with conventional karyotyping, offer a valuable means for prenatal diagnosis of fetal aneuploidies.


In order to solve the problem about the combination of the IPv4 and IPv6 before the new protocol has been applied completely,this paper lists some goods and faults of the current transition methods,and introduces the structure and design of the IPv6 network's simulator based on SNMP,proposes the structure model of the simulated system.Anyone who uses the simulator can build a real IPv6 network situation easily,if he makes use of the method that merge recording from real IPv6 network element and simulating a NE(network element) manually.The accomplishment of the module prevent IPv6 from being depent on IPv4.Someone can do effective test on IPv6 network management system developed.The cost will be cut down because any IPv6 network element can be simulated with this module.Also you can change various test situation to make test effective and easy.


The authors analyze the problems arising while ensuring the RF territorial integrity in light of the events that occurred in recent decades on the territory of CIS and far abroad. Processes caused by the aggressive foreign policy of Western countries led by the USA, from the Soviet Union collapse until recent anti-constitutional coup d'etat in Ukraine, are investigated. The threat to the RF territorial integrity posed by terrorist organization "Islamic State", which grows in power and influence and threatens to invade the Northern Caucasus, is estimated. The events that happened in Pskov region are estimated, their further development from the perspective of the RF territorial integrity is predicted. The reasons for imposing criminal law ban on public calls for violation of the Russian territorial integrity, including foreign and domestic premises of this act criminalization, are established and analyzed. The key concepts are studied and interpreted: "territory", "state territory", "territorial integrity", "public calls", "extremist activity", "non-violent extremist actions", "non-violent actions aimed at violating the RF territorial integrity". The interrelationship between public calls for violation of the RF territorial integrity and extremist activity is analyzed. The problems of law enforcement practice from the standpoint of objective element of the crime provided by Article 280.1 of the RF Criminal Code as well as the revealed gaps in legislation are discussed. In this regard the authors raise the question of compliance of the RF Criminal Code Article, providing criminal liability for public calls for violation of the Russian territorial integrity, with the Russian Constitution provisions.


Background. The term "joint contractures" is used to describe the loss of passive range of motion of diarthrosis joints, the most common and mobile type of a joint. Measuring passive or active range of motion in a joint with contracture is key to assessing the severity of joint contractures. The purpose of the study: to determine the impact of immobilization on the development of movement limitation in the knee joint of laboratory animals (rats) and to evaluate the possibility of restoring mobility in case of using low-frequency vibration during and after immobilization. Materials and methods. The experimental study was conducted on 30 non-linear white male rats aged 6 months. Immobilization of the pelvic limb was performed at an angle of 140° in the knee joint. The animals were randomly divided into 3 groups: I — immobilization and free restraint after immobilization, II — immobilization and vibration development of the joint after immobilization, III — immobilization and vibration development of the joint during and after immobilization. Vibration development of the immobilized knee joint was performed daily in the mode of 20 Hz with an amplitude of 1.5 mm and a duration of 10 minutes. The range of motion and real contracture were determined as the difference between the measured range of motion and the range of motion before the start of the experiment for each animal individually. Results. It was found that a rapid increase in movement limitation occurs starting from the 2nd week of immobilization. A decrease in the range of motion in rats of the groups I and II under conditions of immobilization occurred the same way. After the end of immobilization, a slow increase in the range of motion was observed in the group I; in the group II, the growth was almost linear and after 4 weeks, the indicator was close to the norm. In the group III, the limitation of the range of motion after immobilization was significantly less; therefore, accordingly, recovery took place already 2 weeks after the removal of the immobilization bandage. Immobilization of the knee joint in rats of groups I and II caused a contracture of 60°, while in the group III, the restrictions did not exceed 25°. And, accordingly, the recovery in the groups with vibration development was rapid; in the group III, a full recovery was achieved, in the group II — a recovery of up to 5° of the residual contracture. In the group I, we observe a residual contracture of almost 35°, which is more than the formed immobilization contracture in the group III. Conclusions. Low-frequency vibration allows reducing the impact of immobilization and significantly accelerate the recovery of mobi-lity (range of motion) of the joint after its completion. If it is impossible to carry out vibrotherapy during the period of immobilization, it should be started as early as possible after immobilization. To date, there are few studies considering the effect of low-frequency vibration on the development of immobilization contractures and their treatment. The obtained data require further research with longer periods of immobilization and those examining immobilization options and modes of vibration impact on the joints.


Riccardin C 1, naturally occurring 18-membered macrocyclic bisbenzyl and NO synthase inhibitor has been isolated from Primula macrocalyx Bge in our experiments. A series of modifications is described for compound 1 via the interaction with various halogenides and chloroanhydrides of acids in the presence of bases with obtaining ethers and esters of riccardin C (4n15). The structure of the latter has been established with the use of spectral methods and a mass spectrometry technique.


For the Fall Semester 1999, new freshmen and new transfer students entering the College of Engineering and Applied Science at the University of Colorado at Boulder, were advised to register for their courses via a web-based registration system. This registration was completed prior to meeting with a faculty or staff advisor, and prior to an on-campus orientation program. Previously, the College utilized a telephone-based registration system with mixed results. Today the development of a web-based system provides a more visual and user-friendly registration system. This study comes from a College interest in securing a better understanding of the new student registration experience. A telephone log was maintained for this study by faculty and staff advisors and a follow-up e-mail survey was conducted of our new students once the Fall Semester was underway. This survey secured new student comments on the registration experience and their level of satisfaction with the web-based registration system. Overall, most students registered successfully and were satisfied with this registration process. However, a few students did find it necessary to meet with an advisor to answer specific questions prior to registration. Also, some problems were encountered early on the first day of new freshman registration, when the web-based registration system was overloaded and new freshmen were directed to the original telephone-based registration system. A small number of our new students also found our registration instructions to be vague and incomplete in select areas, prompting a number of calls to departmental faculty and staff advisors. Minor new student schedule adjustments were required once these new students were on campus for the Fall Semester. 1. Past Registration Practice


193Background: The local staging of prostate cancer relies on systematic or targeted biopsies and multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI). The role of prostate-specific membrane antigen ...


The role of unsaturated soil mechanics is considered to be indispensable for different field situations such as the design of waste containment liners and covers, modeling subsurface drainage, natural slopes etc. For defining the transient behaviour of unsaturated soil, it is essential to determine a characteristic curve known as soil-water characteristic curve (SWCC), which is a graphical representation of water content versus negative pressure (soil suction) relationship. There are different factors influencing the uniqueness of SWCC for a particular type of soil due to different direct and indirect methodologies for determining SWCC, issues of hysteretic behavior of SWCC associated with wetting and drying of soil etc. Hence, there is a need to understand the influence of variations in SWCCs on the results of unsaturated soil behaviour modeling. With this in view, this study attempts to perform unsaturated seepage modeling of the same soil with different statistical variations in SWCCs (representing errors) to understand its influence. The sensitivity of seepage modeling results due to the variations in SWCCs are presented in this paper.


CFD and 4DOF system-based are performed for free-running ONR Tumblehome for turning circle and zigzag maneuvering in calm water and waves. The preliminary results are validated against experiments executed in IIHR wave basin and investigated with consideration to the mathematical model of ship motions. The maneuvering coefficients are predicted by sign constrained least square method using CFD outputs to evaluate the mathematical model in component level and in overall. The CFD and systembased time histories show fairly good agreement with experiment. The estimated maneuvering coefficients from the sign constrained least square method show some discrepancy from experimental data. In future, the CFD model will be improved adding all appendages and possibly the discretized propellers. The system-based also will be improved for wave forces. In addition, other types of calm water maneuvering such as random/sinusoidal rudder deflection tests which might help avoiding simultaneous drift problem should be used for system identification. Moreover, better system identification techniques such as extended Kalman filtering will be taken into account to accurately estimate the maneuvering coefficients from CFD outputs in calm water and then from more complicated cases such as broaching in waves.. For EFD, the release system and local flow measurement system will be installed to improve the tests. Also, the stability of the tracking system will be investigated and enhanced.


Abstract : Purpose-TRAIL (TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand) is a protein that induces apoptotic cell death by activating a cascade of cell death caspases. TRAIL is a potential candidate for treatment of prostate cancer. However, it is clear that the majority of prostate cancer cell lines are either insensitive or only partially sensitive to this agent. The purpose of this proposal is to understand the nature of the resistance to this agent and to develop biochemical mechanisms to overcome this inhibition of cell death. Scope-This proposal focuses on TRAIL resistant human prostate cancer cell lines including LNCaP, PC-3 and DU- 145. Major Findings-We find that TRAIL induced cell death can be markedly enhanced by the proteasome inhibitor PS-341. The mechanism of action of PS-341 includes increases in the TRAIL receptor, and increases in the BH3 proteins, Bik and Bim. This combination kills cells in the presence Bcl-xL and the absence of Bax but appears to require the Bak protein for activity. Results and Significance-This result suggest that this combination of agents will have significant activity in the clinic. It also suggests that changes in the level of the TRAIL receptor, Dr5, and the protein Bik can be markers of the mechanism of actions of PS-341.


An analysis of the use of the arXiv by a group of active physicists: those who presented research at the Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft (DPG) conference in March 2008. The simple analysis shows that the ArXiv is not a universally accepted publication medium in Physics but that participation varies significantly from subdiscipline to subdiscipline.


The department of anesthesia has made strides commensurate with those made by any other department of medicine or surgery, and the reasons for administering a certain anesthetic in a definite manner are now based on experimental as well as clinical findings. During the past twelve years I have dwelt on four points as important to anesthesia, all of which are now generally accepted. 1. Chloroform must be considered as a dangerous anesthetic even in the hands of an expert. 2. Ether is administered best by what I have termed "ether-air-anesthesia by the drop method," 1 that is. administering warm ether, drop by drop, on an open mask. the same as is used in giving chloroform, thereby mixing it with quantities of air, inducing anesthesia gradually. By this method ether can be used more universally than any other known anesthetic. 3. From 1/200 to 1/100 grain scopolamin (hyoscin) hydrobromid, 2 combined