Background: Lung cancer for the most cancer deaths in both men and women throughout the in 2004, to the National Cancer Institute) exceed of four other major pancreatic and Objective: To assess the behavior and the approaches of lung cancer in a sample of Iraqi patients. Methods: This descriptive retrospective study was performed using the records of 450 patients proved to have lung cancer that had attending the chest department in ALdiwanyah teaching hospital for the period from January,1 st ,2003 December,31st,2018. The results of this study revealed that 70% of the patients were male, with a mean age of 63 years. The majority of the patients (96%) were smokers, the number of cases increases with the increase in the duration of smoking or the amount of daily cigarette smoking. ,that can be calculated into tow groups(more than 20 pack-year were 80% while less than 20 pack-year were 16%). Lung of in with prominence in male gender; adenocarcinoma is the


The fulfillment of user needs in communication systems to support daily activities is increasing, thus making the development of technology in the telecommunications sector grow more rapidly. The greater the needs of users in telecommunications systems in the current era, the need for data transmission must also be faster with a wide bandwidth. Therefore, 5G technology is present which aims to perfect its predecessor generations and is expected to overcome these problems. One of the important devices to support the performance of this 5G network is an antenna that has a fairly large bandwidth and gain. In this research, a microstrip antenna has been realized using the array method with a 4x2 configuration and the inset feed method for antenna feeding for 5G applications using FR4 Epoxy dielectric material. This antenna design uses the array method to increase the gain value and also uses the inset feed method to make it easier to match impedance. This antenna was made in this 5G application and is successfully realized and is able to work at a frequency of 3.5 GHz, a bandwidth of 100 MHz at a return loss of 10dB, and a gain greater than 9 dB.


A real-space scheme based on density-functional molecular dynamics is presented. Two issues are addressed. One is the use of an {ital exact} finite-difference form of the kinetic-energy operator within a supercell geometry. The second is the introduction of a preconditioning operation in real space. Numerical tests with ultrasoft pseudopotentials show satisfactory accuracy and efficiency of the present real-space scheme.


In a clustered programmable-reconfigurable processor, multiple programmable processors and blocks of reconfigurable logic communicate through a register-based communication mechanism, which reduces the impact of wire delay on clock cycle time. In this paper, we present a circuit-level design for the reconfigurable clusters used on the Amalgam programmable-reconfigurable processor. We outline our interleaved reconfigurable array design, which provides high bandwidth to and from the register file without requiring large amounts of register control logic. We characterize the latency of operations in our array, and present results that show the impact that this latency has on overall system performance in a range of fabrication processes. Finally, we present a pipelining scheme that enables the array to operate at clock rates closer to those of programmable processors and allows for better scaling in future technologies.


PT. Alam Permata Riau is a company that pays little attention to safety. Where in work activities are always accompanied by a potential hazard that could cause accidents at work. This study aims to determine the statistical value of workplace accidents by using Frequency Rate, Severity Rate, and Safety Score, identifying the types of occupational accidents in the production process, identifying factors that could potentially pose a hazard to workers, and propose improvements that need to be taken to minimize workplace accidents PT. Alam Permata Riau with Job Safety Analysis approach. Methodology used in this research is secondary data from the company, direct observation, and identification of occupational accidents. identification using a work accident frequency rate, severity rate, and use safety scor. The survey results revealed that the highest frequency rate was in 2014 as many as 289 accident severity rate is the highest value in 2009 sebabyak 267 days, and the safety scor show that the state of K3 PT. Riau Natural jewel in good condition with a value <= -2.00. Accidents at PT. Riau Natural jewel is caused by not wearing personal protective equipment at the time of the work, and the company should provide infrastructure K3 then conduct safety audits by the JSA against work accidents in order to reduce occupational accidents in the company.


PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a remove tool capable of easily releasing the engagement state of an optical connector in a narrow space.SOLUTION: A tool 40 for releasing the engagement state in which a receptacle side engaging part formed on a side face of a receptacle on a substrate and a connector side engaging part of an optical connector attachable to and detachable from the receptacle are engaged with each other, comprises: a release pawl 41 to be inserted into a gap between a member placed between a pair of engaging side plate parts on which the connector side engaging part is formed and the engaging side plate parts; and a guide part 42 facing the optical connector or the side face of the receptacle. While making the guide part 42 face the side face, the release pawl 41 is slid toward the substrate and thereby the pair of engaging side plate parts are expanded outwardly by the release pawl 41 to release the engagement state.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3


The operation of an optical fiber vibration sensor using two fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) and incoherent light has been demonstrated, based on the intensity-modulation method. One FBG is used to make a narrow-band incoherent light source from a broad-band light source and the other is used for sensing the vibration of a solid. Stable and linear operation of the sensor is realized without optical isolators and fusion splicing. The developed sensor is expected to be temperature insensitive if the temperatures of the two FBGs are kept same during the operation.


Stable isotope (δ 18 O, 8D) tracers are used to investigate the temporal and spatial distribution of groundwater recharge sources, flow patterns and mixmg processes within a proglacial outwash plain aquifer at Skeiðararsandur, southeast Iceland. There are two principal and isotopically-distinct groundwater recharge sources: glacier/ice melt and local precipitation, and a third minor recharge source of lake water. Shallow groundwater typically becomes isotopically heavier with decreasing depth and increasing distance from the glacier margin. This trend varies spatially and temporally due to the superimposition of a number of factors. The proportions of different recharge sources and evolution of the isotope composition of shallow groundwater are controlled by: (1) proximity to spatially restricted recharge sources (icemelt, surface water bodies); (2) groundwater depth; (3) vertical flow patterns controlling the extent of mixing; (4) recharge dynamics in response to local precipitation events; (5) connection to localised flow systems; and (6) seasonal mixing processes through cryogenic turnover.


Complexity and hardware constraints are two essential considerations in applying interference mitigation techniques to practical wireless systems. This paper considers a practical wireless backhaul network composed of several access nodes (AN), each serving several remote terminals (RT), and where the transmit frame structure at each AN is comprised of multiple zones, with different RTs scheduled on different zones. The objective of this paper is to design power control strategies to mitigation inter-AN interference in the downlink. Unlike prior studies, this paper adopts a practical constraint whereby every AN maintains the same power level across the different zones within one transmitted frame. The main advantage of imposing this new constraint, called the one-power-zone (OPZ) constraint in this paper, is that for a class of scheduling policies under which the number of zones assigned to each RT is fixed, the power optimization and the scheduling subproblems are decoupled under the OPZ constraint. This allows the design of efficient power control methods independent of scheduling. Further, it also simplifies the design of radio-frequency (RF) front-end. The main contribution of this paper is a set of efficient algorithms to solve this constrained power control problem based on an iterative function evaluation technique. The proposed algorithms have low computational complexity, and can be implemented in a distributed fashion. Some of these algorithms can be further implemented asynchronously at each AN.


The 2019 coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19), due to the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has caused a sudden and substantial worldwide increase in hospitalizations for pneumonia with multi- organ disease. The aim of this work was to study the demographic, clinical, diagnostic, therapeutic and evolutionary aspects, as well as the study of risk factors associated with an unfavorable evolution of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Our work consisted of a retrospective descriptive and analytical study of 192 cases of COVID-19, collected at the Avicenna Hospital of Marrakech, during a 3-month period from July 26 to October 31, 2021. Our patients were predominantly (65%) male, with a median age of 65 years. Diabetes was the most frequent comorbidity (37.5%) followed by hypertension (28.1%). 62% were vaccinated. Fever was the most frequent symptom in 74% of cases followed by dyspnea which was present in 65.5% of patients. 76.6% of patients had an SpO2%<95%. The biological profile of our study series was diverse, RT-PCR was positive in 68.2%, CRP was increased in 97.9%, LDH was increased in 96.1% of cases, Ferritinemia was increased in 59.4%, extension of lesions on chest CT of 50-70% was predominant in 25.5% of cases. In our study, the parameters of evolution, whose statistical variation was significantly associated with an unfavorable evolution (p<0.05) were age>60 years [p: 0.036], diabetes [p: 0.029], vaccination status [p: 0.004], CRP>100mg/l [p: 0.013]. Treatment in our series was mostly corticosteroid therapy in 94.3%, anticoagulants in 90.1% with a favorable evolution in 83.9% of patients. The second wave of COVID-19 with a rapid recrudescence of cases overwhelmed the health system with a higher proportion of severe COVID-19 cases and higher mortality, thus underlining the need for advance planning, preparation and strengthening of health systems at all levels.


Based on the field survey of 76 automobile and parts enterprise,with industrial enterprise as evaluation unit,applying C2R model of DEA to analyze the validity of land use. The result indicates that the most important reason which causes invalid of DEA is too much input with land. Lack of tax is another reason to cause the inefficiency of land use. Besides,a quarter of the enterprise has the problem of surplus of workforce. So this shows that irrational allocation of labor resources also leads to the poor efficiency of enterprise land use.


Objective To summary the experience of diagnosis and treatment of 40 patients with traumatic intestinal rupture.Methods The clinical data of 40 patients with traumatic intestinal rupture from June 2007 to June 2010 were retrospectively analyzed.Results All 40 cases of traumatic small bowel rupture were diagnosed surgically.Thirty cases were subjected to simple repair and 10 cases to partial intestine resection.All 40 cases were cured and there were no deaths.Three cases were complicated with incisional infection and 3 with adhesive un-complete intestinal obstruction.Conclusion In treating traumatic small bowel rupture,it is recommended to make an overall evaluation,carefully observe the disease conditions of the patients with suspicious abdominal organ damage and repeatedly perform examinations.Once the diagnosis is made,surgical operation is done as early as possible.


On-the-go consumers require dynamic information, particularly "word of mouth, " to make better purchase decisions. A popular genre of mobile map services is travel/cuisine, which is a popular topic for bloggers as well. This study attempts to generate local cuisine hotspot maps through blog content mining. The main obstacle in doing this involves recognizing and extracting restaurants and essential restaurant information (i.e., restaurant dishes) in unstructured content. In contrast to traditional Named Entity Recognition (NER) targets, dish name is a promising target that received little attention in previous studies. This study develops methods for recognizing and extracting restaurant names and dish names from Chinese blog posts and achieves satisfactory performance. The extraction results are arranged into hotspots and presented in map views. The extracted information can be fed back to POI (Point of Interest) databases, and thus a brand-new POI database comprising information extracted from User Generated Content (UGC) can be realized.


Preservation of geometrical context of terrains in a digitized format is useful in handling and making modification to the data. Digitization of three-dimensional terrain still proves a great challenge due to heavy load of context required to retain details of topological and geometrical information. Methods of simplification, restoration and multi-level terrain generation are often employed to transform the original data into a compressed digital format. However, reduction of the stored data size comes at an expense of loss of details in the original data set. This article reports on an alternative scheme for simplification and restoration of terrain data. The algorithm utilizes the fact that the terrain formation and patterns can be predicted and modeled through the fractal algorithm. This method was used to generate multi-level terrain model based on NGIS digital maps with preserving geometrical context of terrains.


The qualitative study has been carried out to investigate the effect of axial velocity of unburned gases on the flame characteristics during flame flashback in rotating burner. Our focus of study mainly on the flame shape and its behavior during flashback. It is found that the flame shape has been affected by the unburned gases axial velocity. Two flame shapes have been noticed the plate shape with cusp flame "fish flame" and upset dome flame. The cases that have been studied are flames at rotating speed 1200 rpm and 1620 rpm and several unburned gases axial velocity. Double concentric Bunsen rotating burner has been used in the study.


OBJECTIVE: Status Epilepticus (SE) is one of commonly occurring neurological emergencies and there are about 200,000 episodes of SE in the US with a high mortality risk of around 22%. SE requires rapid effective treatment for optimal response to therapy and outcome and is a frightening experience for untrained physicians. Most of the physician should be comfortable with the management of SE due to its high prevalence and associated mortality and morbidity. BACKGROUND: Using a Hi-Fidelity Mannequin for simulation of SE ensures no harm to the real patients but definitely help improving the skills of the trainees which we wanted to show with our two year data collection and analysis. DESIGN/METHODS: 137 Medical Students in the Neurology clerkship participated in AY 2011 and 2012. Phase 1: Self reading of an Article on SE. Phase 2: Students worked in groups of 3-4 for the management a 35 yr old continuously seizing patient for 3 hrs. Phase 3: Post-Simulation questionnaire and Debriefing by clerkship director along with a survey for feedback. RESULTS: The students performed remarkably well with scoring above 90% in management of SE. About 95% of the students agreed that the simulation will help manage real life patients better; also this way of learning appeared better than the regular didactic session and they will remember the management protocol better. CONCLUSIONS: Hi-fidelity Mannequin simulation enables students to learn, practice, and repeat simulations for complex medical problems as often as necessary in order to correct mistakes, fine-tune skills, and optimize clinical outcomes without jeopardizing patient safety. This way of learning will eventually improve patient care. Disclosure: Dr. Uppal has nothing to disclose. Dr. Nimmana has nothing to disclose. Dr. Lanigar has nothing to disclose. Dr. Lardizabal has received personal compensation for the speakers bureau for UCB pharmaceutical and Cyberonics, Inc. Dr. Sahota has nothing to disclose.


Emphasis in this paper is on the fault ride-through and grid support capabilities of multi-pole permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) wind turbines with a full-scale frequency converter. These wind turbines are announced to be very attractive, especially for large offshore wind farms. A control strategy is presented, which enhances the fault ride-through and voltage support capability of such wind turbines during grid faults. Its design has special focus on power converters' protection and voltage control aspects. The performance of the presented control strategy is assessed and discussed by means of simulations with the use of a transmission power system generic model developed and delivered by the Danish Transmission System Operator Energinet.dk. The simulation results show how a PMSG wind farm equipped with an additional voltage control can help a nearby active stall wind farm to ride through a grid fault, without implementation of any additional ride-through control strategy in the active stall wind farm.


Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in the world. According to WHO, there are 2.3 million women diagnosed with breast cancer. Breast cancer appears more aggressive in premenopausal women. Unhealthy lifestyles such as excessive alcohol consumption, smoking, and eating high-fat foods can increase the risk of breast cancer. Allah SWT advised us to pay attention to our diet, because something excess is not good. Methods: The research is a quantitative research with observational analytic. The population is divided into a case group, 38 women who were diagnosed with breast cancer at the age of 35-47 years and a control group, namely 38 women who didn't suffer from breast cancer, aged 35-47 years. The sampling technique is non-probability sampling with the snowballing method. This research taken using a questionnaire containing identity and Semi-Quantitative FFQ and processed using SPSS, and analyzed using Chi-Square test. Results: A total of 45.8% of respondents aged 41-50 years when diagnosed with breast cancer with P-value (0.342). 71 respondents didn't have smoking habit with P-value (0.165), 75 respondents didn't have a habit of consuming alcohol with P-value (0.314), (73.9%) respondents from the case group had a family history of cancer with P-value (0.006). 55 respondents consumed foods high in saturated fat with a P-value (0.442). Conclusion: There was no significant association between age, alcohol consumption, smoking habits and consumption of saturated fat and the incidence of breast cancer, but there was a significant association between family history and the incidence of breast cancer.


The diffusion of tungsten in {\alpha}-iron is important for the application of ferritic-iron alloys to thermal power plants. These data, over a wide temperature range across the Curie temperature, have been recently reported. We show that these diffusion coefficients can be satisfactory reproduced in terms of the bulk elastic and expansivity data by means of a thermodynamical model that interconnects point defects parameters with bulk qualities.


We have examined the compensation processes in nitrogen doped ZnSe grown by molecular beam epitaxy. Two independent donor–acceptor pair emission processes have been observed in photoassisted grown layers and detailed temperature dependence measurements have allowed us to conclude that a deep compensation donor with a binding energy of 44 meV exists in more heavily doped material. We propose that the compensating donor is a complex involving a native defect such as the (VSe‐Zn‐NSe) single donor and this suggestion is supported by the observation of changes in the carrier concentration profile with time.


Objective
To explore the regulatory effect of miRNA on B-cell activating factor (BAFF) in chronic eosinophilic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyp (Eso CRSwNP).

Methods
Ten nasal mucosal samples were collected from Eso CRSwNP patients who were admitted and treated in our hospital between January 2012 and February 2013. Normal nasal mucosal tissues (n=10) served as control. The miRNA-targeting BAFF was predicted by bioinformatics tools. Immunohistochemistry and real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were used to assess the protein expression of BAFF and the predicted miRNA. The correlation between the predicted miRNA and BAFF was analyzed.

Results
Down-regulated expression of let-a was confirmed in Eos CRSwNP, while the BAFF protein expression was increased. Let-a was positively correlated with BAFF in nasal epithelia.

Conclusions
Let-a might contribute to mucosal eosinophilia in eosinophilic CRSwNP via targeting BAFF.

Key words:
MicroRNAs/PD/ME; Membrane proteins/PD/ME; Nasal polyps/CO/DT/ME; Sinusitis/CO/DT/ME


e22066 Background: The emergence of castration-resistant (CR) PC limits the benefits of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) in controlling recurrent AD PC. ARSVs lacking the ligand-binding domain are frequent in CRPC tissue/cells where they mediate resistance to anti-androgens and androgen synthesis inhibitors by regulation of a mitosis-dependent, ARSV-driven transcriptome program (TP) that differs from the differentiation-driving program of full-length (fl) AR. We postulated that ARSVs emerge as a stress reaction to AR suppression and only later induce the TP changes of CRPC. Methods: We assessed the effects of treatment with the anti-androgen EZ (EZt) over 19 culture passages (cp) on AD LNCaP cells (AD-cells), isogenic androgen-independent (AI) cells (AI-cells) and AI CW22RV1 (RV1) cells: growth in androgen-replete or –deprived medium (RM, DM) (MTT assay, cell counts); flAR and ARSV expression (Q-PCR) and the genome-wide TP (Affymetrix Human Exon microarray using 1.3X differential expression and t-tests ...


We are currently using smart phone sensors to detect physical activities. The sensors which are currently being used are accelerometer, gyroscope, barometer, etc. Recently, smart phones, equipped with a rich set of sensors, are explored as alternative platforms for human activity recognition. Automatic recognition of physical activities – commonly referred to as human activity recognition (HAR) – has emerged as a key research area in human-computer interaction (HCI) and mobile and ubiquitous computing. One goal of activity recognition is to provide information on a user's behavior that allows computing systems to proactively assist users with their tasks. Human activity recognition requires running classification algorithms, originating from statistical machine learning techniques. Mostly, supervised or semi-supervised learning techniques are utilized and such techniques rely on labeled data, i.e., associated with a specific class or activity. In most of the cases, the user is required to label the activities and this, in turn, increases the burden on the user. Hence, userindependent training and activity recognition are required to foster the use of human activity recognition systems where the system can use the training data from other users in classifying the activities of a new subject.


Purpose: Clinical studies still show significant variability in offset and leg length reconstruction after 28mmTHA. Precise restoration of hip biomechanics is important since it reduces wear and improves stability, abductor function and patient satisfaction. There is a tendency to increase offset and leg length to ensure stability of 28mmTHA. This may not be needed with the more stable LDHTHA and hip resurfacing implants, therefore potentially improving the precision of the hip reconstruction. The aim of this study was to verify this assumption. Method: Leg length and femoral offset were measured on standardized digital radiographs with a computer software in 254 patients (49 HR, 74 LDHTHA, 132 28mmTHA) with unilateral hip involvement and compared to the normal contralateral side. Results: Femoral offset was increased in 72% of 28mmTHA (mean +3.3mm), 56% of LDHTHA (mean +1.0mm) and 8% of HR (mean −3.2mm) (intergroup differences p 4mm was greater for 28mmTHA (11%) compared to LDHTHA (2.7%) and HR (2%). Conclusion: The stability afforded by the larger head of LDHTHA reduces the surgeon's tendency to increased leg length and femoral offset to avoid instability as during 28mmTHA. In addition, compared to HR, LDHTHA allows more precise restoration of equal leg length and femoral offset in patient with greater pre operative deformities (low femoral offset and LLI > 1cm). LDHTHA may represent the most precise method of hip joint reconstruction.


H einrich R. Schelbert, MD, PhD, editor in chief of The Journal of Nuclear Medicine (JNM), and his associate editors and editorial board announced in June the articles chosen as the most outstanding contributions to the literature appearing in 2010. The JNM Editors' Choice Awards were presented at the SNM Annual Meeting in San Antonio, TX, on June 6. Authors were given certificates and plaques recognizing their achievements. "Along with my colleagues on the editorial board, I was pleased to recognize these articles as outstanding in what was a year of remarkably high-quality submissions to JNM," said Schelbert. ''The range of topics covered represents not only the extraordinary scope of current molecular imaging and therapy but also the extent to which our field truly integrates science across the spectrum from basic laboratory endeavors to clinical applications to the analysis of outcomes and benefits." In the Basic Science Investigations category, awards were presented to: Delphine Denoyer, Ivan Greguric, Peter Roselt, Oliver C. Neels, Nicolas Aide, Stephen R. Taylor, Andrew Katsifis, Donna S. Dorow, and Rodney J. Hicks, from the Centre for Molecular Imaging and Translational Research Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Center (Melbourne, Australia), for "High-contrast PET of melanoma using 18F-MEL050, a selective probe for melanin with predominantly renal clearance" (J Nucl Med. 2010;51:441–447); to Peng Fu, Baozhong Shen, Changjiu Zhao, and Guomei Tian, from the 4th Hospital of Harbin Medical University (China), for "Molecular imaging of MDM2 Messenger RNA with 99mTc-labeled antisense oligonucleotides in experimental human breast cancer xenografts" (J Nucl Med. 2010;51:1805– 1812); and to Jason P. Holland, Vadim Divilov, Neil H. Bander, Peter M. Smith-Jones, Steven M. Larson, and Jason S. Lewis, from Memorial Sloan–Kettering Cancer Center (New York, NY), for "89Zr-DFO-J591 for immunoPET of prostate-specific membrane antigen expression in vivo" (J Nucl Med. 2010;51:1293–1300). Awards in the Clinical Investigations category were given to Yilong Ma, Chengke Tang, Thomas Chaly, Paul Greene, Robert Breeze, Stanley Fahn, Curt Freed, Vijay Dhawan, and David Eidelberg, from the Feinstein Institute for Medical Research (Manhasset, NY), for "Dopamine cell implantation in Parkinson's disease: longterm clinical and 18F-FDOPA PET outcomes" (J Nucl Med. 2010;51: 7–15); to Andreas Boss, Sotirios Bisdas, Armin Kolb, Matthias Hofmann, Ulrike Ernemann, Claus D. Claussen, Christina Pfannenberg, Bernd J. Pichler, Matthias Reimold, and Lars Stegger, from Eberhard– Karls University Tübingen (Germany), for "Hybrid PET/MRI of intracranial masses: initial experiences and comparison to PET/CT" (J Nucl Med. 2010;51:1198–1205); and to Alexander Thiel, Basia A. Radlinska, Caroline Paquette, Michael Sidel, Jean-Paul Soucy, Ralf Schirrmacher, and Jeffrey Minuk, from McGill University (Montreal, Canada), for "The temporal dynamics of poststroke neuroinflammation: A longitudinal diffusion tensor imaging-guided PET study with 11C-PK11195 in acute subcortical stroke" (J Nucl Med. 2010;51: 191–197). "I am, as in previous years, pleased to note that these outstanding articles come from research centers around the world," said Schelbert. "The continuing high quality of articles submitted from the global nuclear medicine community is encouraging and rewarding for those of us involved in the editorial process." Delphine Denoyer


The liquid crystalline filter exhibiting particular optical properties is presented. Their basis application is the multiresolution image analyzer based on a wavelet transform (WT). In co-operation with the phase shifter such a filter allows to rotate the polarization of the transmitted light. The resulted intensity distribution has been exploited as a tool to span the transmitted image onto the space of the circular Haar wavelets. It provides new possibilities in an optical signal processing. The analysis of the light transmission in considered filter as well as the wavelet space creation are also described.


The paper investigated and analysed the various factors assumed to be responsible for falling quality of education and the necessary data were collected from university students whom were asked relevant questions. Students expressed dissatisfaction on the semester system and BS program. BS program has killed the students because they are bogged down in the vicious circle of plethora of courses which not only affect their health but also their academic performance. MPhil and PhD admissions are reduced to minimum in the light of demand and supply to avert future problems.The most deplorable aspect is TTS which is supposed to have done more harm and damage to the national exchequer than alleged good. Lecturers in universities enjoy the lucrative BPS-18 scale while doctors, engineers, civil servants are inducted in BPS-17.   Step-motherly treatment of other civil servants will certainly add to bad blood. TTS and induction in BPS-18 as lecturer must be stopped once for all. Lack of job opportunities and rapid population growth are potential factors responsible for falling standard of education. When students are aware that their hard labour will not bear fruit, they lose interest in working hard. Social media has added fuel to the fire.


We study the quality of lower stratospheric ozone fields from a three- dimensional global ozone assimilation system. Ozone in this region is important for the forcing of climate, but its global distribution is not fully known because of its large temporal and vertical variability. Modeled fields often have biases due to the inaccurate representation of transport processes in this region with strong gradients. Accurate ozonesonde or satellite occultation measurements have very limited coverage. Nadir measurements, such as those from the Solar Backscatter Ultraviolet/2 (SBUV/2) instrument that provide wide latitudinal coverage, lack the vertical resolution needed to represent sharp vertical features. Limb measurements, such as those from the Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS), provide a finer vertical resolution. We show that assimilation of MIPAS data in addition to SBUV/2 data leads to better estimates of ozone in comparison with independent high quality satellite, aircraft, and ozone sonde measurements. Other modifications to the statistical analysis that have an impact on the lower stratospheric ozone will be mentioned: error covariance modeling and data selection. Direct and indirect impacts of transport and chemistry models will be discussed. Implications for multi-year analyses and short-tern prediction will be addressed.


discontinued and the zinc tablet dosing was increased. At 1 week post-cessation of the penicillamine therapy, he had a left-sided focal seizure associated with extensor posturing of the right limbs and altered sensorium. On clinical evaluation, the patient had a pulse of 66 beats/min and blood pressure of 126/84 mmHg with a right gaze preference, extensor posturing, fixed dilated right pupil, and left pupil at 6 mm with sluggish reaction. Urgent non-contrast computed tomography of the head revealed a large left basal ganglia hemorrhage with an intraventricular extension (13-mm midline shift) and uncal herniation (Fig. 1). Anti-compression measures were initiated with mannitol. He was intubated and mechanically ventilated. Hematology revealed a Hb level of 9.4 g/dl and platelet count of 43 × 10 9 /L with an international normalized ratio of 1.65. The external ventricular drain was placed following neurosurgical consultation, and blood component transfusion was administered with 6 units of random donor platelets


REVIEWS Brendan Smith, Britain and Ireland 900–1300: Insular Responses to Medieval European Change (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 1999) 283 pp. Within the context of a growing interest in British—as opposed to strictly Eng- lish—history, this volume undertakes a survey of the cross-currents between England, Ireland, Scotland, and Wales during the earlier portion of the medie- val period. As Robert Bartlett, one of the book's contributors, has pointed out, the tenth through the fourteenth centuries were a vitally important period in "the Europeanization of Europe"; they were also a crucial period in the nego- tiation of power and culture among the component parts of the British Isles. Considering the complexity and range of this collection, it is a wonder that the book manages to be so remarkably clear and coherent. Containing ten articles by some of the foremost British historians, it is a valuable addition to studies of the period—and to the scholar's bookshelf. The first article in the book is the most problematic, though it is still out- standing. Alfred P. Smyth's "The effect of Scandinavian raiders on the English and Irish churches: a preliminary reassessment" refutes the arguments of revi- sionist historians with regard to the Vikings, who so profoundly changed the course of British history beginning in the late eighth century. Though Smyth is convincing in demonstrating the revisionists' manipulation of historical evi- dence to downplay both the size of the Viking raiding parties and the violence they inflicted, he does, perhaps, protest too much. He dismisses claims that the Viking raids led to a revitalization of the European economy and the expansion of international trade by noting that "the Northmen did not operate charities for the benefit of their victims" (3). Furthermore, he asserts that the Vikings effec- tively destroyed large portions of monastic and church culture in the British Isles, helped to promote the downfall of the Carolingian world, and "acceler- ated the militarization of Christianity in Germany, Francia and the British Isles, resulting in the active participation of churchmen on the battlefield and in the militarization of Christian ideology vis-a-vis non-Christian neighbours" (35). This last statement, which seems to border on blaming the Vikings for the behavior of British Christians in such matters as the atrocities of the Crusades or the persecution of Jews, is rather questionable. And although Smyth is cor- rect in noting that the revisionists ignore or deny the extensive destruction Vikings wreaked on the British Isles, he in turn simply dismisses what can be construed as the positive results of their depredations—economic growth and the emergence of a more global outlook in Britain. In the end, the truth proba- bly lies somewhere between the views of the historians Smyth opposes and his own characterization of the Vikings as "warriors erupting out of the prehistory of the North, whose descendants more than two centuries later were still lan- guishing in a state of bloody barbarism at Old Uppsala" (38). Benjamin T. Hudson's "The changing economy of the Irish Sea province" is an excellent overview of the subject that picks up where Smyth left off, and to some degree counteracts him by describing the role Northmen played in the tenth and eleventh century trade boom, which could "resemble a Scandinavian lake" during that period (43). However, beginning in the early eleventh cen- tury, the increased involvement of merchants from the south resulted in an Irish


Abstract Qualitative sampling for Marstonia pachyta (Armored Snail) and Campeloma decampi (Slender Campeloma), two federally endangered species, was conducted at road crossings on Limestone (n = 13), Piney (n = 10), and Round Island (n = 7) creeks, AL, to determine their distribution. Marstonia pachyta was observed at 9 sites on Limestone Creek and 3 sites on Piney Creek. The species extended upstream to river mile 31 on Limestone Creek and river mile 15 on Piney Creek. Haphazard sampling also yielded a greater overall number of individuals from Limestone Creek than Piney Creek. Marstonia pachyta was not found in Round Island Creek, where it is replaced by M. arga (Ghost Marstonia). Live C. decampi were observed at 12 of the sampled sites (n = 30) in the three streams. Round Island Creek had the greatest percentage of sites with the species (4 of 7) and the highest catch per unit effort. Campeloma decampi extended up to river mile 14.5, 19.3, and 7.8 on Limestone, Piney, and Round Island creeks, respectively. Results extended the known occurrence of M. pachyta and C. decampi upstream of their previously known ranges. However, careful monitoring and more in-depth studies seem warranted considering the rapid urban and industrial growth within the watersheds of the three streams that they inhabit.


Objective
To provide new evidence to avoid overdiagnosis of acute pancreatitis (AP) and unnecessary long-term fasting treatment in diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) pediatric patients.

Methods
Children under the age of 18 suffered from DKA combined with elevated trypsin were enrolled in the Department of Endocrinology, Genetics and Metabolism of Beijing Children′s Hospitalfrom January 2015 to January 2019. Clinical data, including symptoms, serum amylase, lipase, lipid levels, pancreatic imaging, treatment options and clinical outcomes were analyzedretrospectively. The data were represented with median (upper and lower quartile).

Results
Among 330 DKA children admitted in 4 years, there were 38 (11.5%) DKA patients combined with elevated trypsin, 22 (6.7%) children whose trypsin were elevated more than 3 times. Sixteen (4.8%) patients with negative pancreatic imaging were defined as suspected AP, among which 14 patients in the absent of abdominal pain prognosed well without AP treatment. 1 out of 16 patients developed abdominal pain, which was relieved the next day after routine DKA treatment. Another patient presented abdominal pain received 12 days of AP treatment and despite having blood trypsin level increased when oral feeding began at the 14th day, she continued oral enteral nutrition withoutrelapse of AP symptoms. Six patients (1.8%) with positive imaging changes were defined as confirmed AP, among which 4 patients having abdominal pain received regular AP treatment and recovered from abdominal pain in 2-19 days respectively and their blood trypsin levels went below less than 3 times in 2-15 days. All of 6 patients had no recurrence of AP in the 5-32 months of follow-up.

Conclusion
Increased trypsin is common in children with DKA and it is usually associated with low incidence of AP and good prognosis.

Key words:
Diabetic ketoacidosis; Pancreatitis; Diagnosis; Prognosis


The recently introduced saw tooth gradient protocol for high-resolution polymer HPLC was further improved and optimized in terms of total runtime and separation performance.


Optimization in control of electric drives is hardly possible without considering hardware constraints of the system. For servo drives working in exact tracking mode the motion profile should be formed so that all of reference values of drive variables do not exceed the constraints to prevent precision or even system stability can be lost. In the paper a software tool for drive system internal and external constraints analysis is presented. It enables to predict the achievable performance for a drive composed of the components (motor, servo amplifier, position sensor, etc.) being selected from a user extendable library. This enables to predict if the system is capable of tracking a desired motion profile, analyze if sophisticated control algorithms, such as field weakening techniques are able to increase drive performance. As a result, the hardware layout as well as control system design can be facilitated reducing time to market.


An instationary polymerization system with constant chain initiation is prevented from attaining a final stationary state by the occurrence of a highly efficient quench reaction which deactivates all radicals present at a certain time t m . The set of differential equations was used to derive the radical spectrum as a function of polymerization time. These, the numerically calculated polymer chain length distributions and the convolutes of both were analyzed in order to determine the chain lengths of the extrema of the first and the second derivatives. These values were found to be proportional to k p [M]t in . The values were recalculated by using already derived correction factors and the deviations from the input parameter were in most cases smaller than 1% but became more pronounced as soon as the total polymer concentration was bigger than the total radical concentration.


The rheology of crystal‐bearing magma and lava depends on both the shape and volume fraction of the suspended crystals. We present the results of analogue rheometric experiments on monodisperse suspensions of solid particles in a Newtonian liquid, in which particle volume fraction ϕ and aspect ratio rp are varied systematically. We find that the effect of ϕ on viscosity is well captured by the Maron–Pierce model, and that this model is valid across the range of particle aspect ratios investigated (0.04 ≤ rp ≤ 22, i.e., strongly‐oblate to strongly‐prolate) when the maximum packing fraction ϕm is treated as a fitting parameter. The value of ϕm derived from fitting to our experimental data depends strongly and systematically on particle aspect ratio; hence, ϕm represents an effective proxy for the influence of particle shape on suspension rheology. We present a simple relationship for ϕm (rp) which allows the viscosity of a suspension to be calculated as a function of ϕ and rp only. We investigate the impact of accounting for crystal shape when modelling volcanic flows by simulating the eruption of magma carrying crystals of different aspect ratio, and conclude that the effect of crystal shape should not be neglected.


The first total synthesis of the furo[3,2-a]carbazole alkaloid furoclausine-A is described using an iron-mediated construction of the carbazole framework and an acid-catalyzed annulation of the furan ring as key steps.


The 100-F-26:14 waste site includes underground pipelines associated with the 116-F-5 Ball Washer Crib and remnants of process pipelines on the west side of the 105-F Building. In accordance with this evaluation, the verification sampling results support a reclassification of this site to Interim Closed Out. The results of verification sampling show that residual contaminant concentrations do not preclude any future uses and allow for unrestricted use of shallow zone soils. The results also demonstrate that residual contaminant concentrations are protective of groundwater and the Columbia River.


This study aims to determine the quality of the test on multiple choice questions in mathematics for Year End Assessment (PAT) class VIII SMPN 2 Bangkinang Kota for the 2019/2020 academic year based on the level of question validity, reliability level, difficulty level, distinguishing power, and option effectiveness cheater). This research is an evaluation with a quantitative descriptive approach. The research was conducted with a sample of 30 student answer sheets. Techniques for collecting data are documentation techniques. After the data is collected, the data will be analyzed with the help of Excel. Judging from the results of this analysis, it can be seen that the End of Year Assessment (PAT) questions for class VIII SMPN 2 Bangkinang Kota for the 2019/2020 academic year were not carried out by quantitative reviewers. Judging from the level of validity, it consists of 14 valid questions, while the other 16 questions are said to be invalid. The PAT questions have a high level of reliability. As for the difficulty level of the questions, there are 7 items (23.33%) difficult, 18 items (60%) moderate, and 5 items (16.66%) easy. The distinguishing power is 8 questions that are bad (26.66%), 7 questions with sufficient criteria (23.33%), 7 questions with good criteria (23.33%), and 8 questions with very good criteria (26.66%) ). For the effectiveness of the option, 4 items (13.33%) were very good, 15 items (50%) were good, 9 items (30%) were bad, and 2 items (6.33%) were very bad. So that based on the results of the quantitative test, it turns out that most of the items were not of good quality for Class VIII Year End Assessment (PAT) for the 2019/2020 school year.


Hereditary non‐polyposis colorectal cancer is characterized by mutations in one of the DNA mismatch repair genes, primarily MLH1, MSH2, or MSH6. We report here the identification of a genomic deletion of ≈ 11.4 kb encompassing the first two exons of the MSH2 gene in two generations of an Ohio family. By Southern blot analysis, using a cDNA probe spanning the first seven exons of MSH2, an alteration in each of three different enzyme digests (including a unique 13‐kb band on HindIII digests) was observed, which suggested the presence of a large alteration in the 5′ region of this gene. Mouse–human cell hybrids from a mutation carrier were then generated which contained a single copy each of human chromosome 2 on which the MSH2 gene resides. Southern blots on DNA from the cell hybrids demonstrated the same, unique 13‐kb band from one MSH2 allele, as seen in the diploid DNA. DNA from this same monosomal cell hybrid failed to amplify in polymerase chain reactions (PCRs) using primers to exons 1 and 2, demonstrating the deletion of these sequences in one MSH2 allele, and the breakpoints involving Alu repeats were identified by PCR amplification and sequence analysis.


An elastic-recoil detection (ERD) technique is developed and successfully applied in the simultaneous, nondestructive multielement depth-profile studies of thin films with thicknesses up to 2 μm, used in various material technologies. In this technique, the light elements are knocked out of the target by using an energetic heavy-ion beam obtained from the Tandom Accelerator Facility of the Nuclear Physics Laboratory. A time-of-flight method is used to separate the masses and the energies of the recoiled elements as well as the Rutherford backscattering incident ions. Using 30 MeV35Cl as the beam probe, we get an observed surface resolution of better than 100 A at a 30° detection angle. Typical mass resolutions for energies >5 MeV are 0.2 amu in the C region and 0.7 amu in the Si region. The factors related to the mass and depth resolutions, probing depth, and approximate detection limit are systematically studied using 19F, 35Cl, and 79Br as incident beams. This newly developed ERD method, along with the ...


Objective To value the expression of MHC class I chain-related gene A(MICA)on breast tumor cellular membrane and the expression of soluble MICA(sMICA)in serum of patients with breast tumor for investigating the roles MICA in anti-breast cancer.Methods Flow cytometry(FCM)was performed to identify the expression of membrane MICA(mMICA)on breast tumor tissues and cell lines,and the expression of NKG2D on NK cells.The effects of mMICA and sMICA on the expression of NKG2D were observed by FCM.Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression and distribution of the sMICA and mMICA on breast tumor tissues.The reactionshipe between MICA and NKG2D was evaluated by purified-antibody blockade.Results mMICA was not detected on normal breast tissues,but(38.5±7.5)% on benign breast tumor or(53.2±5.6)% on malignant breast tumor.sMICA was not detected in the serum of healthy person,but(76.8±22.3)pg/mL in benign breast tumor patients or(205.36±71.27)pg/mL in malignant breast tumor patients.Cytotoxicity of NK cells was decreased because of NKG2D or MICA antibody blockade.The expression of NKG2D was decreased after the NK cells were cultured with sMICA.Conclusion MICA is expressed on lots of breast tumor cellular membrane and would be regarded as tumor associated antigen(TAA),thus MICA-expressed malignant cells were recognized by NK cells.MICA-NKG2D plays a critical role in tumor immune surveillance via NK cells.sMICA reduces the expression of NKG2D and leads to immune escape of breast tumor.


Mention to someone who has lived in Japan even briefly the implications of apology and you are apt to provoke a smile if not an effusion of tales of apologies given or received to expiate both slight and serious offenses. Differences between the use and effect of apology in Japan versus in the United States, Europe, and apparently even other parts of East Asia quickly become familiar to even the most temporary expatriate. Nevertheless, apology has remained one of the few unexplored social phenomena of Japan. It receives scant attention by all but a handful of the burgeoning number of experts-real or imagined-writing on that society, including the Japanese themselves. For the most part the study of the cultural implications of apology has been relegated to dinner table or cocktail party anecdotes. Except for a few scholars concerned with the legal process and law enforcement in Japan, apology has been treated as if an inconsequential, albeit interesting, quirk of Japanese social life. There is no anatomy of apology. Hiroshi Wagatsuma and Arthur Rosett (1986) at last give apology the undivided attention it deserves. It is perhaps not coincidental that it has taken the joint efforts of both an anthropologist and a legal scholar, one Japanese and the other American, to examine the subject. The effects of apology are most clearly manifest in the area of law enforcement. Hence those most sensitive to its importance have been lawyers or social scientists concerned with various facets of this aspect of Japanese society. What the lawyer observes is perhaps best left to the anthropologist or sociologist to explain. In Wagatsuma and Rosett we have an ideal team.


The understanding of data is highly relevant to how one senses and perceives them. The covering learning algorithms can always simulate human visual cognition to represent the data distribution in the low dimension space. The advances in the area of covering based classification algorithms are summarized. Specially,the Hyper Surface Classification is introduced and analyzed in detail. Moreover, the future research directions are pointed out.


Tobacco thrips and reniform nematode are important pests of cotton production systems. Both pests have the potential to cause early season damage to cotton seedlings and stunt growth and delay maturity resulting in lower yields. Field studies were conducted in 2015 and 2016 in Hamilton, MS to evaluate treatments for the control of tobacco thrips and reniform nematode. A randomized complete block design with a split-split plot arrangement was used. Treatments consisted of no-till and conventional tillage; at-planting applications of imidacloprid plus thiodicarb, imidacloprid, thiamethoxam plus abamectin, thiamethoxam, aceptate plus terbufos, aldicarb, and an untreated control; and no nematicide and 1, 3dichloropropene. There were no significant three way interactions of any factors. In regards to nematode populations, there were no differences for any main effect treatments until the post-harvest sample where there was a two way interaction between tillage and nematicide that resulted in a reduction of the population in the conventional tillage where a nematicide was used. Treatments containing acephate plus terbufos or aldicarb had the lowest thrips densities, and damage rating with the highest plant vigor at the 3-4 leaf stage. Thrips damage and densities were also reduced in no-tillage treatments compared to the conventional tillage. While early-season plant responses were measurable, due to optimal fall conditions the crop had the ability to compensate for early-season stresses, resulting in no significant difference in yield with tillage or at-planting applications, however no nematicide treatments yielded higher than nematicide treatments.


Interferon Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by sensitivity to ultraviolet radiation (UVR). UVR triggers cutaneous and systemic disease flares, yet mechanisms driving this are not fully characterized. Type I interferons (IFNs) are highly expressed in non-lesional SLE skin and promote increased death of SLE keratinocytes (KCs) after UVR, but the manner in which they do so is currently unknown. This study explores activation and regulation of cell death pathways in KCs exposed to type I IFNs and UVR. We treated immortalized human KCs (N/TERTs) overnight with IFN-alpha (IFN-a) prior to a 50 mJ/cm 2 UVB exposure. Four hours post UVB, IFN-a priming significantly increased the percentage of cleaved-caspase-3 + (CC3 + ) and Annexin V + propidium iodide - (AV + PI - ) cells compared to treatment with UVB alone. Inhibiting RIPK1, RIPK3, or caspase-1 had no effect on death suggesting this enhanced death does not involve necroptosis or pyroptosis. Use of a pan-caspase inhibitor or a caspase-8 inhibitor significantly reduced cell death following IFN-a and UVB treatment while caspase-9 inhibition did not, suggesting enhanced activation of the extrinsic apoptosis pathway. RNA-sequencing identified pro-apoptotic genes XAF1, TNFSF10 (encodes TRAIL), and IRF1 as highly upregulated by IFN-a treatment, and more so in SLE compared to healthy control KCs. Intriguingly, neither knockdown of XAF1 nor neutralization of TRAIL blocked the IFN-mediated increase in UVB-induced apoptosis. Future studies will determine if IFN-induced upregulation of IRF-1 is responsible for UVB-enhanced keratinocyte apoptosis. Together, these data suggest that photosensitive responses exhibited by SLE patients may be due to type I IFN priming of KCs that sensitizes cells to undergo increased extrinsic apoptosis after minimal exposures to UVB. Continued investigation into mechanisms by which this occurs will provide important prophylactic options to prevent SLE flares. Fibrosis is characterized by collagen deposition, fibro/myofibroblast accumulation, and extracellular matrix remodeling. Fibrosis can also be seen in autoimmune diseases, where it may be widespread and affect organs beyond the skin, with high morbidity and mortality, and no effective treatment. In cutaneous lupus, scar formation after discoid lesion eruption may evolve from enhanced fibrotic phenotypes. Our research has shown that epidermal-directed overexpression of murine Vgll3 causes severe lupus-like skin lesions suggestive of discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE). Given the apparent fibrotic nature of the skin lesions in transgenic (TG) Vgll3 mice, we wanted to determine whether Vgll3 induces fibrosis. We analyzed male and female TG and wild-type (WT) mice aged 2-3 months. Fibrotic biomarkers of human DLE and scleroderma were analyzed. Epidermal Vgll3 overexpression resulted in development of not only cutaneous inflammation, but also severe fibrosis characterized by significant expression of fibrotic biomarkers found in human DLE and scleroderma lesions. Overall, lesional Vgll3 TG skin exhibited higher expression of Col1a1, Col1a2, Tgfb1 and Ctgf. ScRNA-seq of Vgll3 TG lesional skin vs. WT size signaling pathway genes were upregulated across all conditions, with relatively more up-regulation in SLE in comparison to healthy controls. Genes differentially expressed included genes in the chemokine (C-X-C motif ligand) CXCL family, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand (CCL) family, interleukins, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF). These results indicate that while exposure to inflammatory cytokines is able to successfully up-regulates inflammatory pathways in both healthy and SLE fibroblasts, the effect is magnified in SLE. Pathway analysis revealed that genes in the interleukin-10 (IL-10) pathway were significantly differentially expressed between the scarring and non-scarring states, especially specific to stimulation with TGF- 𝛃 , a known fibrotic factor involved in myofibroblast activation. Interestingly, non-scarring patients have stronger upregulation of proinflammatory signatures, including genes in the chemokine (C-X-C motif ligand) CXCL family, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand (CCL) family, and interleukins. We also found that genes in the collagen trimer pathway were significantly differentially expressed between the scarring and non-scarring states. In particular, COL17A1 was up-regulated in the scarring state, especially after inflammatory signals like TGF- 𝛃 , TNF-ɑ, and IL-1 𝛃 , while COLQ, COL21A1, and COL4A3 were down-regulated in the non-scarring states across most inflammatory stimulations. This suggests that while all SLE fibroblasts are associated with elevated inflammation, pathological scarring involves upregulation of collagen pathways. Together, these findings provide important insight into the mechanisms of scarring in CLE and the involved pathways with potential targets for intervention. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a devastating systemic inflammatory disease, with prominent female bias. Recent literature suggests the OX40/OX40L costimulatory pathway may play an important role in development of SLE. GWAS have identified TNFSF4 (OX40L) as an SLE susceptibility locus. OX40L stimulation of T cells through the OX40 receptor has been shown to promote a T follicular helper (Tfh) phenotype, and Ox40l knockout has been demonstrated to ameliorate the SLE phenotype in transgenic and induced lupus mouse models. transcription a VGLL3 interactor. OX40L and OX40 expression via immunofluorescence and single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq), we found increased expression of OX40L on KCs and OX40 on CD4+ T cells and SLE skin compared to controls. ScRNA-seq showed that OX40+ T cells in K5-Vgll3 and lupus skin were skewed towards a Tfh/T peripheral CRISPR-Cas9 has been proposed as a treatment for genetically inherited skin disorders. Here we report that CRISPR transfection activates STING-dependent antiviral responses in keratinocytes, resulting in heightened endogenous interferon (IFN) responses through induction of IFN-κ leading to decreased plasmid stability secondary to induction of the cytidine deaminase APOBEC3G. Notably, CRISPR-generated KO keratinocytes had permanent suppression of IFN-κ and IFN-stimulated gene (ISG) expression, secondary to hypermethylation of the IFNK promoter region by the DNA methyltransferase DNMT3B. JAK inhibition via baricitinib prior to CRISPR transfection increased transfection efficiency, prevented IFNK promoter hypermethylation and restored normal IFN-κ activity and ISG responses. This work shows that CRISPR-mediated gene correction alters antiviral responses in keratinocytes and has implications for future gene therapies of inherited skin diseases using CRISPR technology and suggests pharmacologic JAK inhibition as a tool for facilitating and attenuating inadvertent selection effects in CRISPR-Cas9 therapeutic approaches. Long-noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been shown to have regulatory functions in skin, and studies based on bulk RNA-seq data have demonstrated that lncRNA can have disease specificity and cell-type specificity. Psoriasis, a chronic inflammatory disease, is enriched in pro-inflammatory genes as well as numerous lncRNAs of unknown functionality. We studied lncRNA expression profiles in scRNA-seq of lesional (PP)skin and non-lesional (PN) skin samples from 6 psoriasis patients as well as 5 control samples. Differential gene expression analysis yielded cell-type specific up-regulated lncRNA, mainly in keratinocytes, which constitute >50% of all lncRNA expressing cells. We performed an in silico analysis to determine DNA binding affinity for 121 differentially expressed lncRNAs in 12 cell types from (FDR<=5%), to understand their potential functional roles of lncRNA. This analysis identified 5,570 potential protein-coding gene targets. For example, LncRNAs MALAT1 (FC=1.42 and FDR<1x10 -16 ) and NEAT1 (FC=2.88 and FDR<1x10 -16 ) were significantly up-regulated within PP keratinocytes, and their predicted downstream targets (only correlated with MALAT1 and NEAT1 in PP) include PPP1R15A, ZFP36, and SFN, which control cell cycle progression in the epidermis. Interestingly, NEAT1 promotes activation of the inflammasome as well as influencing innate immunity, whereas MALAT1 has been shown to be involved within the pathology of diseases by mediating alternative splicing, autophagy, and nuclear organization. In addition, MALAT1 and NEAT1 were negatively correlated with DMKN (pro-inflammatory), and FABP5 (proliferation inducing) (R<= 0.4, p<2.2e-16), suggesting a regulatory role to control hyperproliferation. These findings allow us to contextualize the role of lncRNAs within psoriasis and infer functionality within a gene regulatory network. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are defined as being over 200 nucleotides in length and have been found to regulate gene expression and splicing. Our previous research showed lncRNAs are differentially expressed in psoriasis and atopic dermatitis lesional skin, however their biological roles are often unclear due to lower expression levels than protein-coding genes. To help elucidate the functions of lncRNAs in skin, we combined GENCODE v29 with Broad's Human Body Map and our own novel skin-expressing transcripts, to increase the number of cataloged lncRNAs by 31%, then measured their expression levels in over 800 RNA-seq skin samples from psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, hidradenitis suppurativa, Netherton syndrome and keratinocytes under cytokine stimulations. Using a random forest classifier in 10-fold cross validation, and averaging predictions over 100 trials, we identified 918 lncRNAs as belonging to cytokine IFNa, IFNg, IL17, IL4/IL13 and TNFa signaling pathways. We then clustered lncRNAs according to their k-mer profiles and found one cluster to be enriched among lncRNAs predicted to be involved in TNFa and IL4/IL13 signaling, while another was more enriched among IL17 an


A composite material with improved sustained release properties, based on hybridization of sodium alginate(SA) and acidified-attapulgite(H+-ATP), was prepared by solution mixing and was developed for drug carrier. Diclofenac sodium(DS) was selected as the model drug to obtain release data from the composite-based matrix tablets in phosphate buffer solution(PBS) in vitro. The morphology and structure of the composite were characterized by FTIR, SEM and XRD. The effect of content of acid modifier, H+-ATP content and mixing time on the slow release properties of the composite were investigated to obtain optimum process condition. The composite with 60% H+-ATP treated by 12 mol·L-1 HCl exhibited perfect release properties. Compared with pure alginate tablets, the burst release of 42.6 % in 2 h decreased to 23.7% for the prepared composite. The drug release process of the composite was better fitted by the Ritger-Peppas model and the rate of drug release was governed by both diffusion and swelling mode. The introduced H+-ATP improved the release properties of alginate significantly.


This article focuses Cardinal Angelo Bagnasco's presidency of the Italian Bishops' Conference from 2007, when he was appointed by Benedict XVI, to 2017, under the pontificate of Francis. Several issues that have characterised his thinking and work are considered here, such as the family, the job urgency, the value of Christian education, immigration and the importance of human life, particularly his position against abortion and on the 'end-of-life' laws. Relationships between Bagnasco, Benedict XVI and Francis are also explored.


Introduction Section I Transatlantic security: Joint venture at risk? 1. Maintaining European security: Issues, interests and attitudes 2. Instability and crises: Risks and challenges for European security 3. The changing role of NATO 4. Perspectives: European security and the future of transatlantic relations Section II Transatlantic responses to global challenges 5. European-American cooperation through NATO and the European Union 6. American-European global cooperation Section III Emerging security challenges 7. Combating terrorism in transatlantic relations 8. Transatlantic cooperation against organised crime and drug trafficking Conclusion Bibliography


This article discusses the methods and means of forming geometrical representations younger students, based on the technology used by the activity approach. The material is relevant, since introduces primary school teachers with some forms of training sessions in the study of geometric shapes and their properties.


The book describes the present status of the theory of laser matter interaction. Starting from classical Fourier equation for transport phenomena induced by ultrashort laser pulses quantum theory is developed. It is shown that for ultrashort laser pulses the new transport equations are hyperbolic quantum equations-Klein -Gordon and thermal Proca equation The following problems are discussed: transport phenomena in Minkowski space time, relativistic diffusion and wave mode of the heat transport.


Glutaric aciduria type I is an autosomal recessive disorder resulting from glutaryl-CoA de- hydrogenase(GCDH) deficiency. Untreated patients commonly present with severe striatal degeneration and ex- trapyramidal sequelae during encephalopathic crises. GCDH deficiency leads to accumulation of glutaric acid and 3-hydroxyglutaric acid in tissues and body fluids (especially in brain), which are neurotoxic. There is no correla- tion between residual enzyme activity caused by mutations in GCDH and phenotype. The pathogenesis of glutaric aciduria type I is complicated. Previous studies have demonstrated that glutaric and 3-hydroxyglutaric acids are synthesized in central nervous system and trapped because of limiting transport across the blood-brain barrier. The studies on metabolite-mediated neurotoxicity mainly focus on excitotoxicity,impairment of energy metabo- lism and oxidative stress. In addition, activation of astrocyte, vascular derangements,inflammatory processes may be a synergism of neurotoxicity.

Key words:
Glutaric aciduria;  Neurotoxicity;  Excitotoxicity;  Impairment of energy metabolism;  Oxida- tive stress


Photosynthesis, Water/oil interface, Pd nanoparticles, Interfacial filmsMetal nanostructured materials have been the focus ofmuch scientific research for decades because of theirunusual electronic, optical, magnetic, thermal, catalytic, andother properties that are distinctly different from their bulkcounterparts, and therefore, considerable attention from bothfundamental and applied research has been paid to thesynthesis and characterization of these materials.


Experimental tests involving model steel piles embedded in frozen sand provided data showing that change in a given test variable can alter the numerical value for some of the creep parameters. The test variables included static, incremental, and dynamic loading; pile surface roughness. soil ice content; and sand particle size. Changes observed included the apparent effect on creep rate when a small dynamic load was superimposed on the static load


Observational series of winter precipitation in the eastern part of the Cantabrian coast in the northern Iberian Peninsula are studied. This rather small area shows a clearly different interannual variability to the rest of the Peninsula. Series of winter precipitation for the whole area are defined using principal component (PC) analysis and they reflect the variability that can be attributed to changes in atmospheric circulation around the area. This variability is physically explained on the basis of the structure of baroclinic activity and vertically integrated moisture transports over the area derived from the NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis project. According to them, the leading PC of winter precipitation represents the overall precipitation over the area. Wet phases of this PC are associated to an increase of baroclinic activity leaving the eastern part of the Atlantic storm track and entering the Mediterranean basin. Conversely, dry phases show a strong reduction of baroclinic activity over the region. The second PC is linked to meridional water vapour transports over the area, which are affected by the topography of the region. Copyright © 2001 Royal Meteorological Society


A new species of parasitic copepods, Sabellacherer aenigmatopygus, belonging to the family Gastrodelphyidae, is described. It was found fixed to the branchial crown of Potamilla reniformis (Polychaeta, Sabellidae) near Tulear on the west coast of Madagascar. The male genital segment has ventral chitinous formations which are very peculiar.


In 1969, the legal terminology revision project was launched for localization, and the scope of the project has been expanded to Japanese terms and sentence components since 2006. Based on these efforts, the "Easy-to-Understand Law" examination system was formalized in 2007.
The aspect of the revision can be considered diachronically by comparing the changes in the past versions of the . In particular, it is possible to capture the recent trend of terminology maintenance through analyzing 50 Japanese terms selected in 2020. Also, it is necessary to be more careful in selecting the terminology to prevent confusion under the situation of frequent law amendment.
As a result of reviewing the terminology maintenance process, it is concluded that the revision of Japanese legal terminology led to the development of democracy from the representative political ideology of breaking away from Japan's influence.


There are, I believe, three distinguishing characteristics of scientific journals that increase their attractiveness to researchers. These are a Medline listing, a shorttime lag from acceptance of a manuscript to final print publication, and a respectable impact factor. Recently, the European Journal of Sport Science (EJSS) has recorded significant success on all three fronts. In March 2013, we learnt that the EJSS had been successful in its application to receive a listing on Medline. This represents a crucially important development for the journal because it means that the research articles published in EJSS are now more visible and accessible to researchers around the world. This would be expected to translate into increased citations for articles published in EJSS (and therefore a higher impact factor for the journal in the future) as well as an increased number of submissions of high-quality articles. A search on 'Eur J Sport Sci' in http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ pubmed brings up all the articles accepted for publication in EJSS since March 2013. In 2014, in addition to the regular issues of EJSS, we will publish a 496-page supplementary issue. This was agreed by the executive board of the European College of Sport Science to enable us to significantly reduce the backlog of accepted papers. Near the beginning of my tenure as Editor-in-Chief, the time lag from the acceptance of an article to its print publication was 18–20 months, which was unacceptably long. Following the publication of the supplement, this time lag will be reduced to 5–6 months which is similar to, or better than, other leading international journals in the sport and exercise sciences. We have also introduced new procedures to expedite the processing of manuscripts such that authors can receive decisions more rapidly. This has inevitably resulted in increased selectivity and presently only about 15% of the articles submitted to EJSS are accepted for publication. With this continued approach, I expect that the time lag from acceptance to print publication may be reduced still further. Faster decisions and faster online and print publication of accepted articles would be expected to attract scientists seeking to publish their best work rapidly, creating a 'virtuous circle' both for the journal and the authors who publish in it. Last year, the impact factor for EJSS increased to 1.146 (for 2012), ranking it a respectable 48th out of 84 journals in the sport sciences. Since its inception, the EJSS has consistently increased its impact factor. The impact factor is a crude and, in many ways, unsatisfactory index of journal quality, but it is increasingly used by authors when selecting a reputable outlet for their research. Although the publication of the supplementary issue this year could result in a short-term fall in impact factor, the developments described above (in particular, the Medline listing) should, in the longer term, result in a sustained increase in impact factor for EJSS. In summary, the EJSS has enjoyed perhaps its most successful year ever and appears poised to go from strength to strength. I sincerely thank the editors of our five sections, all manuscript reviewers and our esteemed authors for their dynamic contributions to the journal's progress.


Investigating the anti‐angiogenic effect of bevacizumab on chronic schistosomiasis mansoni in a trial to hinder the Schistosome‐induced angiogenesis and porto‐systemic shunting complications.


Forty-eight week old Japanese quails were utilised for quantifying the lipase content in the pancreas and small intenstine. The enzyme in a particular region was studied in 24 birds (12 males and 12 females). Pancreatic lipase activity in the male and female Japanese quails were 73.37±7.78 and 38.40±3.39 LU/g of tissue, respectively and the overall lipase activity when values in both sexes were pooled was 55:88±5.52 LU/g of tissue. Intestinal mucous membrane of adult male and female Japanese quails showed a mean lipase activity of 38.80±10.93 and 12.44±4.1S LU/g of tissue and the overall value was 25.62±6.34 LU/g of tissue. The male birds exhibited a higher lipase activity than their counterpart females. The pooled values in both region when compared, pancreatic lipase activity was higher indicating that pancreas was the major site of lipase origin in Japanese quails.


ABSTRACT Continuing education is vital for new librarians to gain skills and knowledge beyond library school. Professional development offered free in an online environment is often the best option for staying current on the issues and trends necessary for young librarians to grow and flourish. This paper presents a case study of an online professional development series for new librarians implemented by the Online Programs Committee of the American Library Association's New Members Round Table.


The Grid is a heterogeneous collection of resources providing a reliable admittance to all of the users thus enabling scalable virtual organizations for resource sharing between the geographically distributed communities. Grid monitoring involves the monitoring of the available resources and the network. The grid resources may dynamically join and leave that leads to monitoring of resources a momentous task. The existing monitoring strategy will significantly increase the system overhead when the size of the computing facility grows (Zanikolas and Sakellariou 2005).


The static stability of single layer spherical lattice shell was analyzed with finite element program ANSYS,the whole process curve under concentrated force,half-span uniform load and whole span uniform load bending was obtained and analyzed.The analysis result indicated that the reticulated shell bending deformation was small under concentrated force,the asymmetric load effect had large influences on reticulated shell stability bearing capacity.


[Abstract] In the present work a numerical study of pressure oscillation frequencies and amplitudes in Ariane 5 MPS P230 boosters will be presented. The study has been conducted by means a commercial CFD package. Validation of the adopted approach has been made on the basis of a cold flow test case. Numerical results have been compared and validated against experimental data, showing in all cases an impressive numerical accuracy. In the case of numerical simulation performed on P230 SRM pressure oscillation amplitude shows a difference lower than 5% when compared with averaged flight data.


Inelastic collisions between helium atoms in 31P and 11S states can result in radiationless transfers of excitation. Measurements were made to determine the cross section of the excitation transfer and its variations with the relative velocity of interacting atoms. The collision process was investigated in low density (1015–1018 atoms/cm3) helium gas at four different temperatures between 296°K and 22°K. A 30 KeV electron beam provided primary excitation of the 31P state. The cross sections were found to be 1.6(± 0.3)× 10−15cm2 at 296°K, 1.3(± 0.8)× 10−15cm2 at 214°K, 1.1(± 0.2)× 10−15cm2 at 82°K, and 1.7(± 0.3)× 10−15cm2 at 22°K. A comparison of the experimental results with the predictions of the Stueckelberg theory for imperfect resonance excitation transfer was made. Results indicate possible dipole‐quadrupole and quadrupole‐quadrupole interactions.


The effects of elasticity on the breakup of liquid filaments and the spray drop distribution are investigated for low viscosity elastic liquids that have a constant shear viscosity. The spray characteristics are observed in multiple positions within the spray. We find that the increase in elasticity in the moderate to high molecular weight polymer solutions) hinders the breakup of fluid exiting the nozzle, reducing the spray angle and the coverage and resulting in liquid filaments. With an increase in elasticity, the distance from the nozzle where the fluid breaks up, and the filament length before breakup, increases. The suppression of fine spray drops is observed with elastic non-Newtonian fluids in vertical as well as horizontal locations within the spray. We also study the effects of airflow and a shield, coupled with elasticity, on spray characteristics and find that the use of a shield stabilizes the motion of the spray and reduces the drift of the satellite drops.


Key resources for completing your first literature review on a topic in genetics or genomics Reference books to help you research your topic


of the new emphasis which permeates the work so consistently, he will nevertheless be grateful for the wealth of concrete material which is made available under one cover. If he has read much of the blatant criticism which has recently appeared against our marketing system, the student of marketing will find much to praise in this dignified, scholarly evaluation of that system. Several early chapters deal with the family as the main consuming unit; how standards of living shape consumer choice; the problems of the consumer as a buyer. The author laments the fact that, as contrasted with consumer-buyers, sellers are specialists who study consumer behavior by high grade talent for the purpose of devising ways of confusing rather than enlightening; selling goods not to benefit users but because larger sales lead to increased profits. She refers to the great array of goods for sale; the magnifying of superficial differences through advertising; the selling pressure that confuses the consumer, distorts his reasoned judgment and makes it important that advice from impartial sources be secured. "Consumers meet the economic system in the retail market. What lies beyond is a complete mystery." This statement serves to suggest the author's justification for correlating her study of the problems of the consumer with a rather full descriptive treatment of marketing practices and policies. A painstaking attempt is made to show how the consumer's problems can be reduced in difficulty by changes in those practices and policies and by the improvement in the information on which to base decisions. The project thus outlined calls for a long succession of chapters which depict the shortcomings of our present market in which producers attempt to control demand rather than to follow it. The various forms of waste and inefficiency are attributed to "the ideology of a business world which seeks private profit on a short-time basis and fails to interest itself in efficiency in the widest sense." It is in connection with this rather caustically critical section of the book that the reviewer is tempted to maintain that due recognition has not been given to several 209


The point of origin for this paper of Prof. Dr. Seer is the ECJ's judgement on the Meilicke case in 2005. This case had something special to it: the Advocate General's Opinion, which was that the previous German corporate income tax imputation system violated the right to free movement of capital in Art. 56 EC Treaty, was limited to a specific period of time. Therefore this article deals with the restrictions of legal consequences. Part of this examination by Prof. Dr. Seer is stating the functions of the ECJ in general with special regard to the Manninen case. In addition the limits to Community Law are analyzed in the Meilicke and Banca di Cremona case. Lastly, Prof. Dr. Seer refers to the Principle of Coherence and comes to the conclusion, that the ECJ should not create "a lottery of legal consequences".


To facilitate the effective use of butter clam shell as a natural calcium resource, we determined the optimal conditions for calcium lactate (BCCL) preparation with high solubility using response surface methodology (RSM). The polynomial models developed by RSM for pH, solubility and yield were highly effective in describing the relationships between factors (P<0.05). Increased molar ratios of calcined powder (BCCP) from butter clam shell led to reduced solubility, yield, color values and overall quality. The critical values of multiple response optimization to independent variables were 1.75 M and 0.94 M for lactic acid and BCCP, respectively. The actual values (pH 7.23, 97.42% for solubility and 423.22% for yield) under optimization conditions were similar to the predicted values. White indices of BCCLs were in the range of 86.70–90.86. Therefore, organic acid treatment improved color value. The buffering capacity of BCCLs was strong, at pH 2.82 to 3.80, upon the addition of less than 2 mL of 1 N HCl. The calcium content and solubility of BCCLs were 6.2–16.7 g/100 g and 93.6-98.5%, respectively. Fourier transform analysis of infrared spectroscopy data identified BCCL as calcium lactate pentahydrate, and the analysis of microstructure by field emission scanning electron microscopy revealed an irregular form.


The invention relates to a method for preparing praziquantel, which is a one-pot method and comprises the following steps: performing an ammonolysis reaction of chloroacetaldehyde dimethyl acetal and an ammonia aqueous solution to generate aminoacetaldehyde dimethyl acetal; performing a condensation reaction of beta-phenylethylamine and chloroacetyl chloride in an organic solvent in alkaline environment to generate an intermediate 1; performing a condensation reaction of the intermediate 1 and the aminoacetaldehyde dimethyl acetal in an organic solvent to generate an intermediate 2; performing cyclization of the intermediate 2 in the presence of an acidic catalyst to generate an intermediate 3; performing a reaction of the intermediate 3 and cyclohexanecarboxylic acid chloride in an organic solvent in alkaline environment, and performing solvent crystallization to obtain the target product of praziquantel.


Tritium labeled isotopomers of (2S,3R)-3-[(2-carboxyethyl)thio]-3-[2-(8-phenyloctyl)phenyl]-2-hydroxypropionic acid (SK&F 104353) with high specific activity were prepared by catalytic tritiation of the corresponding halogenated and unsaturated precursors. These precursors were synthesized from their respective benzaldehydes using a core sequence (Darzens Condensation, epoxide opening and base-induced retroaldol reaction) to generate the required alpha-hydroxy propionic acid moiety. Upon tritiation, the halogenated substrate provided the dimethyl ester derivative having a specific activity of 55 Ci/mmol, while the unsaturated precursor led directly to [3H]SK&F 104353 with a specific activity of 138 Ci/mmole.


This study aims to prove the impact of skepticism and professionalism on the fraud detection ability of internal government auditors in East Java Province. Primary data is used to obtain data from respondents, namely 102 APIP taken with saturated samples. The collected data were then analyzed using SEM PLS version 3.0, where the results prove that scepticism and professionalism has an positive impact on Fraud Detection Ability.


OBJECTIVE To study the tolerance of the positive pathogenic bacteria developing biofilm against common disinfection.METHODS First,all the pathogenic bacteria producing biofilm were tested,and secondly,the positive and negative bacteria were divided into two different groups the positive bacteria and the negative ones.Lastly,test the tolerance of one group by using thimerosal of 1∶200 "84" and the other by using 2% glutaraldehyde.RESULTS The Staphylococcus aureus,Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa had the positive rates of 38.4%,47.0% and 52.8%,which showed that the tolerance of the positive pathogenic bacteria developed from biomembrane is obviously greater than that of the negative ones(P0.01).disinfection 2% alkaline glutaraldehyde than thimerosal of 1∶200 "84"(P0.01).CONCLUSIONS The tolerance of the pathogenic bacteria developed from biomembrane against is greater than that of pathogenic bacteria which are not developed from biomembrane;and the effect of disinfection by using 2% glutaraldehyde is better than that by using thimerosal of 1∶200 of "84" disinfectant.


C O R O N A R Y complications. Because CTO PCI became relatively common and carries a lot more challenges and complications, it is imperative for patients with CTO to be identified in clinical trials. This implies that modifying our techniques, upgrading our practice and education promoting should be emphasized in future, which may further shorten the time of CTO PCI and reduce the hazards it carries.


This article introduces the innovation points and achievements in the financial intensive construction in Qinghai Electric Power Corporation.Enterprise Service Bus(ESB) integrates system platforms.Standard activity-based cost management and real cost allocation for operation and maintenance work,overall management of project reserve stock,and contract payment planning are realized based on ERP system.Corresponding topics of information construction and intensive management are studied.


Bonding condition between adjacent layers is complicated in semi-rigid asphalt pavement,which can directly affect the road performance.By using a multi-layered elastic analysis program(GAMES) superior to BISAR,a study is conducted to analyze the mechanics response when changing the bonding condition between asphalt layer and semi-rigid layer.The results indicate that the bonding condition has the most significant effect on the tensile strain at the bottom of asphalt layer and the shear stress between the asphalt and semi-rigid layer,followed by the tensile strain at the asphalt layer surface as well as the bottom of base layer.Relatively,the shear stress in asphalt layer and the surface deflection are not sensitive to the change of the interlayer(asphalt-semi-rigid) bonding condition.


A hyperbolic-type potential with a centrifugal term is solved approximately using the path integral approach. The radial Green's function is expressed in closed form, from which the energy spectrum and the suitably normalized wave functions of bound and scattering states are extracted for (1/2) − (1/4 ) − (ℏ2α2 /2μD ) l(l + 1 ) < σ < (1/2) + (1/4 ) − (ℏ2α2 /2μD ) l(l + 1 ) . Besides, the phase shift and the scattering function Sl for each angular momentum l are deduced. The particular cases corresponding to the s-waves (l = 0) and the barrier potential (σ = 1) are also analyzed.


The article analyses Spanish and Portuguese verbal periphrases that express the beginning of a process (ingressive manner of action). It analyses stylistically marked and stylistically unmarked ingressive constructions in order to determine similarities and differences between the two languages. The study is primarily based on the comparable web corpora Aranea which makes it possible to see the frequency of use of Spanish and Portuguese periphrases in contemporary language, compare them and determine semantic restrictions for auxiliated verbs in each construction. As a result of this corpus analysis, it is possible to trace the main systemic correspondences between Spanish and Portuguese ingressive verbal periphrases and see the relationship between the original meaning of a concrete semi-auxiliary verb and the group of infinitives that can appear in a periphrasis introduced by that verb.


In this paper we present IndicBART, a multilingual, sequence-to-sequence pre-trained model focusing on 11 Indic languages and English. Different from existing pre-trained models, IndicBART utilizes the orthographic similarity between Indic scripts to improve transfer learning between similar Indic languages. We evaluate IndicBART on two NLG tasks: Neural Machine Translation (NMT) and extreme summarization. Our experiments on NMT for 12 language pairs and extreme summarization for 7 languages using multilingual fine-tuning show that IndicBART is competitive with or better than mBART50 despite containing significantly fewer parameters. Our analyses focus on identifying the impact of script unification (to Devanagari), corpora size as well as multilingualism on the final performance. The IndicBART model is available under the MIT license at https://indicnlp. ai4bharat.org/indic-bart.


Replication kinetics of 2 genomically different strains (BLUV-H and BLUV-A) of bluetogue virus serotype 1 (BLUV 1) was studied in BHK 21 cell culture by sequential harvesting of the infected cells. In addition, cytopathic effects (CPE) in the infected cells were also observed on differnet intervals post infection (PI). Analysis of comparative profiles of these 2 strains in respect of cytopathic changes and electrophoretic migration pattern of genomic RNA segments provided significant differences between these strains. BLUV-A was more cytopathogenic compared to BLUV-H in BHK 21 cells. RNA-polycrylamide gel electrophoresis indicated presence of extra segments in BLUV-H. Though there was not much difference in the cell culture titres of these 2 strains at different intervals PI, variation in the nature of cytopathic effects was noticeable. Electrophoretic analysis of the viral genome revealed that extra bands in BLUV-H started appearing only after 12 hr  PI. This study also provided idea about the peak time for harvesting of the virus as maximum titre of the virus was observed at 28 hr  PI which started declining 32 hr PI if kept in incubator at 37 o C, The study suggsted that the 2 strains were not only different in genomic profile but also differed in their cytopathogenicity in BHK 21 cell culture. Genomically different strains of the same serotype might account for the differences in cytopathogenicity or clinical disease in susceptible species. Futher studies are warranted to characterize these strains in terms of their genomic sequence variation, virulence and immunogenic attributes which could help in development of a suitable vaccine based on the local strains.


The hitting match is another trial by ordeal that is common among the three tribes. This is usually used for cases of theft/robbery for the Tuwali tribe. The study was conducted to investigate how the hitting match was executed to settle cases of theft, ownership, problem, slander, false accusation and the like among the Ayangan tribe. Results show that hitting match is still used by some of the Ifugao tribes. It is recommended that local ordinance may be considered to ensure that these traditions be honoured and respected without sacrificing its sacredness through adoption of all barangays of Ifugao in their settling of disputes.


The study of morphogenesis has increasingly entailed the use of computer simulations to predict intricate behaviours from these systems, which has led to the development of tools for computational biologists to build their own simulations. However, uptake of these tools by experimental biologists has been slow and concerns remain over the assumptions underlying such tools, which are not readily explicable to a domain expert without prior programming knowledge. To demonstrate how these concerns might be addressed, we propose the creation of a domain-specific language (DSL) of one such simulation, the MemAgent-Spring model (MSM). By designing this DSL around regimented biological concepts identified by observing discussions between experimentalists and modellers, we hope to better understand how the usability and reproducibility of the MSM might be improved, therefore potentially increasing its usage by experimentalists.


Objective To investigate the expression of p16 and Ki-67 and detection of high-risk HPV in the diagnosis and grading of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia(CIN). Method Immunohistochemical staining was used for detection of p16 and Ki-67 protein expression in 160 cases of various cervical lesions.Quick nuclear hybridization method was used for detection of high-risk HPV.The data were analysed by SPSS software.Result(1) In CINⅠ,p16 and Ki-67 expression rates were 85.7% and 67.8% respectively,which were significantly higher than that of benign cervical lesions(P0.001).In CINⅡ-Ⅲ,p16 and Ki-67 expression rates were 100% and 98.3% respectively,which were significantly higher than that of CINⅠ(P0.001).In addition,p16 expression was strongly associated with Ki-67 expression in CINⅡ-Ⅲ.(2) High-risk HPV infected rate was 75.7% and 93.3% in CINⅠand CINⅡ-Ⅲ,respectively, which is significantly higher than that of benign cervical lesions(30.6% P0.01).In addition,high risk HPV infected rate was strongly associated with expression of p16 protein.Conclusions p16 and Ki-67 can be used as important markers to distinguish CINⅠfrom benign cervix lesions as well as CINⅠfrom CINⅡ-Ⅲ.High-risk HPV infection is closely related with CIN,and thus detection of high-risk HPV is of great importance in screening high risk group and evaluating the prognosis of cervical diseases.


Due to the instantaneous input and output power unbalance in two-stage single-phase photovoltaic(PV) grid inverter, its front-end Boost converter tends to draw a current ripple with double grid frequency. In this paper, the low frequency current ripple reduction method is proposed, based on a duty ratio compensation model to control duty ratio of the boost converter without any extra cost. The duty ratio compensation model is built and derived, which is verified in SABER environment. The simulation proves that the duty ratio compensation method can effectively reduce and even eliminate the low frequency input current ripple in two-stage single-phase PV grid inverter.


This report describes findings from a soil and land suitability investigation undertaken during 2017-2018 to assess irrigated agricultural potential on Aboriginal lands in the Beswick area, south of Katherine. The soil investigation specifically targeted landscapes within the Beswick Aboriginal Land Trust area where commercially viable groundwater resources, adequate road access and deep well-drained soils were likely. The investigation covers an area of 1 160 ha, and has identified 265 ha of versatile land suited to a range of irrigated agricultural cropping options.


Abstract : This report examines issues arising from the presence of conflicting goals among decentralized controllers. Of primary interest is the role that the Stackelberg strategy can play in the decentralized control problem. A sampled data Stackelberg coordination scheme is developed in which both conceptual and computational issues are dealt with. Conditions which are sufficient for guaranteeing the existence of a stabilizing Stackelberg equilibrium solution are derived for a simple form of the Stackelberg strategy. Also, the role that the information structure can play in the decentralized control problem is demonstrated and a form of the Stackelberg strategy is developed for designing improved information structures. (Author)


Basing on the modified Mason's equivalent circuit of an ultrasonic transmitting-receiving probe [3], [4] the influence of con1pensating inductances, a coaxial cable, wire conductors and parallel resistance on the probe immitance and the reflected pulses is discussed. The influence of the wire conductors connecting a transducer with a coil or a coaxial connector for large diameters (i.e. 20mm) and high frequencies (i.e. 10MHz) on the probe immitance should be taken into account. The influence of the coaxial cable on the probe immitance and the reflected pulses depends on the electrical impedance of a probe. The compensating circuit containing three inductances - two in series and one parallel is discussed. The influence of the parallel resistance on the reflected pulse is shown and compared with the influence of transducer backing. It was shown that the length of transmitting burst should be chosen depending on the frequency band-width of the probe.


Purpose – This article is intended to stimulate theoretical reflection in international comparative studies in library and information science (comparative LIS). Design/methodology/approach – The need for theory is emphasized and shortcomings in comparative LIS in respect of theory are identified. On the basis of literature from other comparative disciplines, a framework for examining issues of metatheory, methodology and methods is constructed. Against this background the role of theory and metatheory in the literature of comparative LIS is evaluated. General observations are illustrated using examples selected from comparative studies in LIS. Findings – Much of the literature of comparative LIS is atheoretical and based on assumptions that reflect naive empiricism. Most comparativists in LIS fail to link their work to that of colleagues, so that no body of theory is built up. Insufficient use is made of theory from other social science disciplines. There is a little evidence of awareness of metatheoreti...