Two threads of concerns hold together the extensive library of 20th-century
 life writing on African political leaders: the pursuit of freedom in
 post/colonial Africa and the entanglement of the national story with the
 individual's exemplary life. In many respects, the essays collected in this
 volume grapple with the implications of these two threads and the blind spots
 they produce. The lives and actions of the political figures explored here set
 them apart as distinguished and exemplary, but that singularity is splintered
 by their enmeshment in collectives and institutions which point to the role of
 serendipity in the making of these figures' eminence. This tension between the
 singular life and the fortuitous contexts that produce such singularity is
 further complicated by a third factor: the subsequent postponement of the
 freedom dreams that fueled collective struggles across the continent. Despite
 often strongly opposed ideological stances, the different anti-colonial
 collectives in each country had in common the dream of ending colonial
 unfreedom. What was unresolved, though, was the shape post-colonial freedom
 would take, and how to safeguard it from elite capture.


In the contemporary world, systems and processes of state-sponsored and state-recognized mass education (henceforth, formal education) are based on ideas that liken curriculum to maps. According to such perspectives, one role of curriculum in formal education is to prescribe how large numbers of people might be oriented to regard and live in the world in ways that sustain the sovereignty, prosperity, and influence of the nation-states that govern their lives (Lima, 2007; Pathak, 2013; Ramirez & Boli, 1987). As such, curricula, like maps, validate generalized representations of what constitutes the reality of the world and prescribe desirable and appropriate ways for all its users to know about and navigate through it. Informed by such ideas, processes of formal education typically begin with the articulation of state-defined or state-approved curricular aims, followed by the enactment of systems and procedures to achieve them. This logic of how curriculum ought to (and does) structure formal education operates with striking similarity in modern nation-states across the world despite differences in political systems, socio-economic structures, and cultural practices (DeMarrais & LeCompte, 1999; Meyer et al., 1997). This is reflected in the global ubiquity of phenomena such as curriculum policies, curriculum boards, official syllabi and textbooks, and the various social-political roles and processes associated with them. The notions of curriculum as maps that underpin formal education today were first generated by social and political elites in post-Enlightenment Western Europe. They applied these ideas to institute the first historical instances of mass schooling. In doing so, they sought to facilitate post-monarchic national integration and industrial capitalism at home, as well as resource extraction and colonial expansion abroad (Ramirez & Boli, 1987). Subsequently, the ruling classes of settler colonial, post-colonial, and other transitional monarchic societies across the world adapted these ideas and applied them to enable the consolidation and development of new nation-states (Chilcote, 2002; Irogbe, 2005; Leroy, 2016; Tuck & Gaztambide-Fernández, 2013; Veracini, 2014). With their origins in these socio-historical processes, practices of creating and enacting curriculum for formal education in the modern era are deeply shaped by ruling class anxieties about holding on to power and social control in the context of nation-states. In choosing to approach curriculum in the spirit of drafting maps, social and political elites reveal their desires to define and enforce boundaries that constrain collective experiences in ways that help them secure legitimate power within the state apparatus and in society at large.


The quality of individual colonoscopy procedures is currently assessed by the performing endoscopist. In light of the recently reported quality issues in colonoscopy screening, there may be significant benefits in augmenting this form of self-assessment by automatic assistance systems. In this paper, we propose a system for the assessment of individual colonoscopy procedures, based on image analysis and machine learning. The system rates the procedures according to criteria of the validated Direct Observation of Procedure and Skill (DOPS) assessment, developed by the Joint Advisory Group on GI Endoscopy (JAG) in the UK, a system involving expert assessment of procedures based on an assessment form.


a broader understanding of the operation of the global meat industry in different geographical spaces and at different scales. By providing empirical evidence through case studies and statistical data, we have a clearer understanding of the growth of meat global production, which encourages our questioning the central role of meat in our food system in the twentyfirst century and the types of policies and practices that will need to be established to create a different type of food system. Specifically, this work has drawn attention to three themes that are present within the operation of the food system today: (1) the role of state and corporate entities in contributing to the growth of global meat; (2) the ways global meat production contributes to reduced food security; and (3) the social and environmental consequences of the global meat industry. This chapter will first revisit these three themes, focusing on the ways the chapters in this book speak to these themes. We then turn our attention to possible solutions to tackling some of the complex problems associated with the global meat industry, first focusing on consumer movements, then shifting to broader movements that do not originate from consumers. Finally, we conclude by discussing the role that climate change may play in inducing change to our global food system.


Husserl's "The Crisis of European Sciences and the Transcendental Phenomenology" is more than a simple philosophical treatise. This XX Century's classic can be read as the German philosopher's spiritual testament. The present review briefly illustrates the genesis and main topics of the work: the criticism of objectivism, the sciences' horizon of meaning, the identity and destiny of Europe, the phenomenological method.


This research describes the students' and teachers' illocutionary act in learning Indonesian at state senior high school number 1 of Payakumbuh. The object of the research was the students and teachers at SMAN 1 of Payakumbuh for Bahasa Indonesia subject. The research applied qualitative descriptive method in collecting and analyzing the data. The research shows that the illocutionary acts of students' of 11th grade and teacher's for Bahasa Indonesia subject acquired 61 speech acts, which are (1) 18 assertive, (2) 2 explanatory assertive, (3) 2 reporting assertive speech, (4) 21 directive utterance commanded which is consisted of 17 teacher's utterances and 4 student's utterances, (5) 4 directive requests begging, (6) 3 directive of advice, (7)) 2 directive reminding, (8 ) 2 directive asked for something (9) 6 accused expressive. (10) 4 expressive complained, and (11) 1 commissive promissing. In conclusion, most of illocutionary acts used towards teacher and the students at 11th grade for Bahasa Indonesia subject in SMAN 1 Payakumbuh was directive speech act. The rarely used speech act was commissive.


The union territoty of Andaman and Nicobar Islands is a group of picturesque islands. Divide into 9 chapters, the book systematically covers various areas related to the subject, specially tourism facilities, tourist attractions, population characteristics including tribal population, a profile of the islands, views at he level of stisfaction of the tourists, problems and suggestions for the tourism planning and so on.


Le Nègre et la créole, ou Mémoires d'Eulalie D*** is well worth reading, despite its relatively lengthy and repetitive plot. it turns on the determination of various African men in positions of authority to assign a husband to her, despite her explicit wish to remain unmarried and live alone with her adopted mother Maky. But Paban's work is not only about the personal and romantic life of its protagonist. it is also and perhaps most importantly a book about Africa in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries: its topography, flora and fauna, family life, food, and work as well as its political, military, and religious practices. Moreover, Le Nègre et la créole sheds important light on abolitionist issues under discussion in the 1820s: the illegal continuation of the slave trade; the global geographic and economic context of slavery; racial prejudice; and the blindness of colonists to the nefarious reality of slavery, even two decades after the uprisings in the 1790s (in a phrase that recalls Marie Chauvet's twentieth-century novel La Danse sur le volcan, Paban states, "en vérité, je crois que l'on dort sur un volcan prêt à s'allumer" [215]). Le Nègre et la créole is also interesting because of its Catholic perspective, unlike antislavery writings by Staël, Doin, and other French and English abolitionists, the majority of whom were Protestant. Toward the end of the novel, when Eulalie is removed from the protection of her African mother Maky, it is a beneficent Catholic, le père Félix, who guides and protects her. We can be grateful to Marshall Olds for the effort that went into making such a long and complex work available to us. The few criticisms i have of his edition are minor. Can one claim that antislavery and anti-colonialism went hand in hand (ix) when the noted abolitionist Victor Schoelcher and others supported French colonialism in Algeria well into the second half of the nineteenth century? Are there not significant differences between the relatively conservative attitudes toward slavery held by Victor Hugo and Claire de Duras on the one hand and the more radical views expressed in this novel on the other? (xvii–xviii) Olds places more emphasis on the similarity among writings about slavery from the 1820s than upon their differences. i would instead situate Paban in the same category as such overtly abolitionist writers as Sophie Doin (listed in the "Bibliographie Sélective" but not referred to in the introduction). indeed, near the end of the novel Paban's views take on the tone of the radical abolitionist l'abbé Grégoire, whose activist approach is echoed in the words of le père Félix, who seems to have become the author's spokesperson: "il avait visité dans leur propre pays ces peuples malheureux que les enfants de l'Europe regardent comme leurs esclaves nés: son projet était d'adoucir leur misère et de faire entendre, s'il était possible, la voix de l'humanité à leurs maîtres. " (193) Such small differences do not lessen my conviction that Le Nègre et la créole is a complex and interesting work that will, it is to be hoped, become a serious subject of nineteenth-century criticism in the coming years.


Long Term Evolution (LTE) is a totally IP based cellular network, that only supports packet switching (PS) function, previous cellular networks, such as 2G and 3G, were basically designed to carry voice calls through circuit switching (CS) service, then data service was supported through techniques that basically encapsulated data inside the voice-call connections. In LTE there are many alternatives for offering voice services over LTE to ensure the service continuity over celluar networks, these alternatives include Voice over LTE (VoLTE), also include Over the Top Voice over IP (OTT VoIP) one of the proposed alternatives for voice service over LTE, which is the lowest in cost and complexity. The objective of this paper is, to investigate the quality of the low cost OTT VoIP voice service, as an alternative to VoLTE, especially for those Mobile Network Operators (MNOs), who aren't ready to deploy the highly complex and costly IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) infrastructure of VoLTE . Performance evaluation for OTT VoIP over LTE, compared with VoLTE is provided, from the most important QoS parameters point of view, in different scenarios with different number of users assuming congested and non-congested network states, the analysis for all these scenarios are based on simulations using OPNET 17.5 simulation tool, the results provide a performance template for MNOs who doesn't want to deploy IMS and doesn't have legacy 2G/3G networks.


Objective of this study was to determine the effects of oral supplementation of indigenous probiotics lactic acid bacteria and tetracycline antibiotics on goblet cells density and aggregated lymphoid nodules in the ileum of broiler chicken. A total number of 90 days old male broiler chickens were assigned randomly into three experimental treatment groups consist of (T1) unsupplemented, (T2) tetracycline antibiotics by drinking water 0.212 g/day/bird, and (T3) supplemented probiotic orally 10 millions CFU/ml/bird/day, respectively. The probiotics were consisted of Lactobacillus murinus, Streptococcus thermophilus, and Pediococcus acidilactici. The results showed that goblet cells density on supplementation of probiotics greater than antibiotic supplementation (p<0.05). The aggregated lymphoid nodules of control (T1), tetracycline (T2) and probiotic supplementation (T3) were 861.4 ± 34.4; 698.78 ± 101.94; and 61833.16 ± 224.72, respectively. It can be concluded that supplementation of indigenous probiotics lactic acid bacteria increased the number of goblet cells density and aggregated lymphoid nodules when compared with others. That those indicated improve intestinal barrier function of broiler chickens.


An imroved standard solar model, with more accurate input parameters and more accurate treatment of plasma physics effects, predicts a solar neutrino flux which is consistent within experimental uncertainties with the solar neutrino observations after 1986.


Objective Ageing process and gravity are the mainstay of etiological factor resulting in facial wrinkles. There are two types of wrinkles on the face; dynamic and static. Most of the wrinkles are distributed on the frontal view of the face and neck and treatment options depends on location and types of wrinkles. The face is divided into three parts; upper, middle and lower third. Invariably, the client desire is to treat these wrinkles non surgically, moreover the surgical procedures do not address these frontal, periorbital and particularly glabellar facial wrinkles. This study aim for various types facial wrinkles distributed on the upper face are dynamic i.e.  forehead area, glabellar or frown winkles and  periorbital wrinkles including crow's feet, nose (bunny lines) etc. The static wrinkles are distributed over the lower part of face includes nasolabial folds, marionette lines, perioral wrinkles etc. 1 The present study therefore aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety and to present results with new innovative office based non surgical cosmetic surgery procedures. Material and Methods We have treated 155 clients in Faisal Hospital, Faisalabad with facial wrinkles during three years period from Jan 2015 to Dec 2017. This is a prospective cross sectional randomized observational study. The treatment modalities applied on these clients includes botulinum toxin, hyaluronic acid dermal fillers. It is quite common in our practice using techniques of platelet rich plasma (PRP), RF microdermabrasion, chemical peelings and photoepilation (LASER/ IPL) etc. for the facial rejuvenation. Results The results achieved with these innovative office based techniques are highly satisfactory in the range of 80-100%, assessed by visual analogue scoring system by client and doctor. Conclusion We recommend these techniques for all age group clients either alone or in combination for the treatment of facial wrinkles.


This study models the incremental radiological risk of transporting NARM to the Hanford commercial LLW facility, both for incident-free transportation and for possible transportation accidents, compared with the radiological risk of transporting LLW to that facility. Transportation routes are modeled using HIGHWAY 3.1 (2) and risks are modeled using RADTRAN 4 (1). Both annual population doses and risks, and annual average individual doses and risks are reported. Three routes to the Hanford site were modeled: from Albany, OR, from Coeur d'Alene, ID (called the Spokane route), and from Seattle, WA. Conservative estimates are used in the RADTRAN inputs, and RADTRAN itself is conservative. INTRODUCTION The commercial low-level radioactive waste (LLW) facility that is located at Hanford, WA is receiving shipments of naturally occurring radioactive material (NARM). All shipments of radioactive material pose some, albeit very small, radiological risk to the population along the transportation route, to crew riding in the transportation vehicle, and to occupants of vehicles sharing the route. The radiological risks posed by shipments to the Hanford LLW facility, which have been going on for about 30 years, are negligible; no adverse effects attributable to these shipments have ever been documented. NARM has been shipped to the facility since 1993. This study models the incremental radiological risk of transporting NARM, both for incident-free transportation and for possible transportation accidents. The model is described below. RADTRAN METHODS Transportation risk is modeled using RADTRAN 4 (1). Although the basic equations of the model, presented in Neuhauser and Kanipe (1), are not repeated here, the main features of RADTRAN are worth noting. Incident-free transportation model RADTRAN models incident-free transportation as a separate module from transportation accidents. When radioactive materials are transported, an external dose, limited by regulation (10 CFR Part 71), is allowed. Figure 1 illustrates the RADTRAN model. Only external gamma radiation is considered, since external neutrons are absorbed by air before reaching a receptor. The radioactive cargo is modeled as a point source. Dose to the receptor is usually inversely proportional to the square of the distance from the receptor. Dose is also inversely proportional to vehicle velocity, and directly proportional to distance traveled and to the number of shipments. 1 This work was supported by the Washington State Department of Health 2 Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin CompAny, for the United States Department of Energy under Contract DE-A04-94AL8500. WM'99 CONFERENCE, FEBRUARY 28 MARCH 4, 1999 Figure 1. The RADTRAN incident-free module. V is the shipment speed. The distance between the shipment and the receptor is r; dose is calculated by integrating from r = -∞ to r = ∞. The radiation source is the external dose rate (in mrem/hr) measured at 1 meter from the cargo surface. RADTRAN models the regulatory limit of external dose for each type of shipment, although experience indicates that the external dose rate is well below the regulatory limit in the majority of shipments, and is undetectably low for many shipments. This conservatism is discussed in Weiner, et al (3). Because the regulatory limit is the modeled dose, the modeled incident-free dose is independent of the isotopic content or radioactivity of the material being shipped. Therefore, in the present study, the modeled incident-free doses for LLW and NARM shipments depend only on the external, measured dose rates. Doses are calculated separately for the truck crew (crew dose), people by the side of the transportation corridor (off-link dose), occupants of vehicles that share the transportation corridor with the radioactive shipment (on-link dose), and people in the vicinity of the shipment when it is stopped (stop dose). The figures in this report reflect the off-link doses, as these are usually of most interest to the public. Other doses are tabulated in the report. Because of similarities in highway vehicle speeds, vehicle densities, and vehicle accident rates, transportation routes may be categorized as rural, suburban, or urban, according to approximate population density. In this study, actual distances and population densities are used, but the rural, urban, suburban classifications are retained and results are reported accordingly. r


Chitin is an abundant polysaccharide found in fungal cell walls, crustacean shells, and insect exoskeletons. The immunological properties of both chitin and its deacetylated derivative chitosan are of relevance due to frequent natural exposure and their increasing use in translational applications. Depending on the preparation studied and the endpoint measured, these compounds have been reported to induce allergic responses, inflammatory responses, or no response at all. Highly purified chitosan and chitin were prepared and the capacity of these glycans to stimulate the release of the inflammasomeassociated cytokine IL-1β was examined. Chitosan was shown to be a potent inflammasome activator in mouse bone marrow macrophages, macrophages polarized towards a M1 or M2 phenotype, dendritic cells, peritoneal cells, and human PBMCs. Acetylation of the chitosan to chitin resulted in a near total loss of IL-1β activity in all cell types tested. The size of the chitosan particles played an important role, with small particles eliciting the greatest activity. An inverse relationship between size and stimulatory activity was demonstrated using chitosan passed through size exclusion filters as well as with chitosan-coated beads of defined size. Partial digestion of chitosan with pepsin resulted in a larger fraction of small phagocytosable particles and more potent inflammasome activity. Inhibition of phagocytosis with cytochalasin D abolished the IL1β stimulatory activity of chitosan, offering an explanation for why the largest particles were nearly devoid of activity. Thus, the deacetylated polysaccharide chitosan potently activates the NLRP3 inflammasome in a phagocytosis-dependent manner. The reason for


The purpose with this study was to understand what conceptions about sex and sexuality are conveyed in sexual health education in schools in Grenada as well as analyze how teachers and guidance counselors relate to those conceptions. Our focus was to understand how sex and sexuality is conducted and portrayed in the educational material and what the respondents believe is important when teaching the subject. We also wanted to understand what aspects of gender are present and what moral- and rights-based assumptions characterize sexual health education. This qualitative study was based on content analysis on educational material that covers sex and sexuality as a topic as well as semi-structured interviews with specially trained teachers and guidance counselors. The theoretical framework consisted of theories drawn from aspects of gender and discourse in order to understand the collected data. We found that sex and sexuality is portrayed through the conservative approach to sexual health education where moral, traditions and values allow a great deal of influence in the discourse. These morals, traditions and values are derived from religious influence and policies in Grenada. Sexual health education conducted in Grenada is heteronormative and presents abstinence as an ideal-typical solution to many sexual health concerns. Furthermore there seems to be a perceived gender-difference during class where boys tend to be more open than girls. There is also a stereotypical view on gender present in the educational material where females are portrayed as responsible and males as the opposite. Moral is heavily influenced in sexual health education in Grenada. A more beneficial approach to sexual health education would be a rights-based approach.


This paper presents a dynamic bidding model of power markets based on the supply function approach, which is composed of difference dynamic system and semismooth equations. Comparing with those existing bidding models, the remarkable characteristic of the new one is twofold: it adopts a process of dynamic adjustment bid where the limit point is the Nash equilibrium point; the transmission constraints of the network are considered. A numerical simulation is also presented to test the model's behaviors with uncogestion and congestion, which includes the computing behavior of the dynamic model; the relationship between the model's parameters and the stability at the Nash equilibrium point. The simulating results show that the new model is valid


We consider a four terminal parallel relay-eavesdropper channel which consists of multiple independent relay-eavesdropper channels as subchannels. For the discrete memoryless case, we establish inner and outer bounds on the rate equivocation region. For each subchannel, secure transmission is obtained through one of two coding schemes at the relay: decoding-and-forwarding the source message or confusing the eavesdropper through noise injection. The inner bound allows relay mode selection. We then apply our results to study the fading Gaussian relay-eavesdropper channel. In this case, we focus on perfectly secure transmission. We establish a lower bound on the perfect secrecy rate. Furthermore, considering individual sum power constraints at source and relay, we study power adjustment among the independent subchannels. We illustrate the results through some numerical examples.


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to attempt to highlight the imminent corrosion of the public domain brought about by the pervasive lack of recognition within the public at large regarding what the public domain is, what it stands for, and what it is meant to accomplish.Design/methodology/approach – Utilizing the diverse theories of proponents of the public domain, this analysis proposes a re‐conceptualization of the public domain which acknowledges its significance to the creative process itself, and subsequently stresses the importance of public awareness and participation to its continuing survival.Findings – While remarking on the efficacy of a number of digitization ventures in the promotion of the public domain, it is concluded that mere awareness of the plight of the public domain is not enough. What the public domain desperately needs to subsist is the presence of an active citizenry that is dedicated to preserving its interests. Moreover, the public library is emphasized as the ideal vehicl...


This work presents a simulation model developed with the aim to represent and study the thermal behavior of cyclotron liquid targets. Understanding and improving the thermal behavior of the target system is fundamental to improving the target overall performance, especially when using thick target windows, for which a larger amount of heat generated can be limiting. ANSYS CFX and SRIM software were used to develop a simulation model representing the IBA Nirta® Ga-68 liquid target system, to study the use of thick niobium target windows. The model was validated by comparing the results with experimental data obtained for the same liquid target system. In the present study, simulation results and temperature distributions of the main target components were obtained by studying the main parameters of interests, such as the initial temperature and mass flow rate of the coolants, and also distinct target windows with different thicknesses.


The odd PIMR-type (OPIMR) controller can provide high gains at the fundamental frequency and its odd harmonic frequencies, and it has a wider bandwidth and a faster response speed compared with PIMR controller. However, OPIMR controller with integer order phase compensation may be overcompensation or under-compensation and the performance of tracking and suppression worsens in the face of a low-sampling frequency and a fluctuation fundamental frequency. Therefore, a double-fractional OPIMR (DF-OPIMR) controller is proposed in this paper. The fraction-order approximation of delay liuk $N$ under the fluctuation of grid frequency makes the DF-OPIMR controller more adaptable to the change of power grid frequency. The DF-OPIMR controller with a fractional item zmhas a precise phase compensation. In this paper, the stability of DF-OPIMR controller is analyzed, and the simulation is given to demonstrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the scheme.


Safety Instrument System in High content of hydrogen sulfide of Natural Gas Purification Plant through the full practice test and improve,it achieve the plant automatic monitoring and interlock Protection,this system inspect speedily,judge exactly,let the plant go into the save function without workers' operation.SOE function can lead to the interlock and record the time of action,and to analyze the running trouble quickly.Ensure the safety when the phenol acetone device is in the emergency.


Synthesis of H2O2 through oxygen electro‐reduction is a green sustainable route but suffers from the slow kinetics and limited cumulation of H2O2, because of the exceedingly slow oxygen diffusion and oxygen being directly reduced to water. Here, it has been proposed voltage pulse‐regulated catalysis achieves the continuous accumulation of H2O2 concentrations up to 50 times greater than constant catalysis based on the chain mail catalyst, which is capable of catalysis steadily for 3.6 million pulses (2000 h) at one current level. When using a flow cell, the preparation rate of 39 977 mmol gcat−1 h−1 is achieved, exceeding previous records. Because the applied voltage regulates the adsorption of O2/ H2O2 from the catalyst, as verified by molecular dynamics simulations, the chain mail catalyst exhibits a lower barrier to oxygen adsorption than the direct reduction of oxygen to water, achieving rapid and continuous cumulation. In addition, the direct use of in‐situ produced H2O2 achieves complete sterilization in two minutes demonstrating the potential for application at an industrial level.


I am happy to announce that Language in Society is now accepting manuscript submissions online, at http://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/langsoc. Online submission and review will make the process more efficient and more transparent, as authors can see at any time where their manuscripts are in the review process. From now on, please submit all manuscripts to this site, including book reviews and book notes. (Authors for whom online submission is not possible may continue to send manuscripts as e-mail attachments, or, if necessary, in hard copies.)


Three components one pot synthesis of some novel triazole substituted 1,4-dihydropyridine compounds from the simple condensation reaction of ethyl acetoacetate, 4-amino triazole and aromatic aldehyde has been demonstrated using on low cost and efficient acetic acid catalyst in solvent free condition followed by microwave irradiation method. The newly synthesized 1,4-dihydropyridine compounds exhibit in excellent yield. The synthesized dihydropyridine derivatives are screened for antimicrobial properties and molecular docking study.


A study was carried out on a wild herb Nepeta septemcrenata Benth. (Family: Lamiaceae) in Saint Katherine Protectorate, South Sinai, Egypt to assess the effect of topographic aspect on plant distribution, morphological parameters and soil component. The results show that aspect influence on physical and chemical properties of soil. Water content showed great variation among different aspect directions. Plant traits also affected by these directions. Results found that 26.8% of N.septemcrenata populations' recorded at North aspect and no observation for Nepeta at South aspect. Soil physical properties showed significant variation among different aspect ranks. Results also showed positive correlation between soil total dissolved solids, electrical conductivity, sodium, potassium and chloride. This component show highest degree at east aspect. Soil pH and calcium carbonate showed the highest value at south west aspect, while calcium and magnesium show highest value at North east aspect.


Watch out for goal displacement: Whenever an indicator comes to be used in the reward system of an organization or institutional domain, there develop tendencies to manipulate the indicator so that it no longer indicates what it once did. Now that more and more scientists and scholars are becom-ing acutely conscious of citations as a form of behavior, some will begin, in semi- organized fashion, to work out citation- arrangements in their own little specialties.


The Society has had its attention of late so much directed to the subject of coal, that some apology, perhaps, is necessary for bringing this substance again under notice. I may premise, however, that in doing so, it is not my intention to revive the disputed question as to Boghead gas-coal, nor to take up the time of the Society with what may be considered as unprofitable discussion. I purpose to bring forward a few facts relative to a coal, concerning which there is no dispute, and which presents some vegetable organisms and products calculated, in my opinion, to throw light on the history of carboniferous deposits. Much of the recent difference of opinion on the question of coal has arisen from the mode in which some histologists have chosen to define it. I trust that the result of all our discussions will be to lead to a fuller examination of coal in all its forms,—to a comparison of specimens, both mineralogically and microscopically, from different localities,—and, finally, to an extended report on the subject in which geologists, chemists, and histologists will combine.


Many multi-sensor target tracking systems are developed under the assumptions that data association is too complex and computational requirement is too excessive for centralized fusion approaches to be practical. In addition, it is also assumed that the noise component is relatively small, that there are no missed detection and that the scanning interval is relatively short, etc. Many multi- sensor tracking systems have been shown to be able to perform effectively when tested with simulated data generated under these assumptions. However, careful investigation into the characteristics of several sets of real data reveals that these assumptions cannot always be made validly. In this paper we first describe the characteristics of a real multisensor tracking environment and explain why existing system may not be able to perform their task effectively in such environment. We then present a data fusion technique that can overcome some of the weakness of these systems. This technique consists of three steps: (1) estimation of synchronization error using an adaptive leaning approach; (2) adjustment of measured positions of a target in case of missed detection; and (3) prediction of the next target position using a fuzzy logic based algorithm. For performance evaluation, we tested the technique using different sets of real and simulated data. The results obtained are very satisfactory.


To the Editor: Shinn et al (1), in their recently published article in Critical Care Medicine, completed a prospective cohort study of 100 patients who were intubated and mechanically ventilated in a single ICU. Flexible laryngoscopy was performed less than or equal to 36 hours post-extubation. Moderate-to-severe injuries occurred in 57% of patients. These findings add to the The author replies: We appreciate referring to us the letter by Kawaguchi et al (1), concerning our article (2), recently published in Critical Care Medicine. Reference to the concerns raised in the letter to editor (1), we deeply appreciate these concerns and his/her prudence toward creating a potential trend favoring early tracheostomy in these vulnerable patients population (2). However, we have to mention that some of the criticisms made, despite their importance, were just beyond the scope of this review and would be more relevant should tracheostomy versus no tracheostomy was the study question rather than the mere timing of tracheostomy itself. As clinicians, we are aware of the complexity of the decision of tracheostomy in pediatric population, appreciate the concern raised in your letter about the final message delivered to the readers through the current review; unfortunately, we cannot include data if the study authors do not report on it. We have already included in the discussion the issues surrounding tracheostomy. We have also mentioned clearly that more studies are required to find out precisely about this critical issue in a vulnerable group of population. In addition to inability to include information that has not been mentioned by the authors of the analyzed articles, an input from our side could have led to bias in our analysis. Supported, in part, by grant from the departmental resources. Dr. Abdelaal Ahmed Mahmoud M. Alkhatip disclosed that he does not have any potential conflicts of interest.


A brief review of recent Chinese-Russian joint Z-pinch experiments on Angara-5-1 facility is presented. The experiments showed that the nested wire arrays implosion increased radiation power and decreased X-ray pulse width because of the improvement in the tightness and uniformity of the imploded plasma. The experiments for studying the implosion of a tungsten wire array onto the low-density foams column were carried out. In this paper, an overview of zero- and one-dimensional MHD simulations for the wire array implosion experiments will be presented too.


[1] The CO mixing ratio on Mars was mapped in early northern summer (LS = 112°) using the IRTF/CSHELL long-slit spectrograph. The spatial resolution of 500 km is intermediate between those from the Phobos orbiter and the previous ground-based observations. The spectral resolving power of 4 × 104 is high enough to measure equivalent widths of individual lines. The R8-R13 lines of the CO (3-0) band at 1.57 μm and some CO2 lines of comparable strength were observed. This made it possible to determine the CO mixing ratios and to cancel out the effects of air mass and dust opacity. Extraction of the CO and CO2 abundances from the observed line equivalent widths was made using the standard curve of growth approach with a special care for the CO2 lines with high lower level energies. Some formulas, which describe the effects of the low-level energy on weak absorption lines in Mars' reflection spectra, have been derived. The MGS MOLA and TES data on the surface elevation and thermal structure of the atmosphere during the observation were applied to improve the uncertainty of the derived CO mixing ratios, which was equal to 28% for 520 individual points on the disk. Isolines of the CO mixing ratio on Mars' disk and the latitude-longitude map were used to study the local time, elevation, and latitudinal variations of CO on Mars. The CO mixing ratio is constant within ±7% relative to local time from 700 to 1800. A decrease by a factor of 1.18 in the CO mixing ratio from elevation of −6 km to 3 km was observed. Probably, it is due to a systematic error. The most interesting result is the detection of a seasonal (winter-summer) asymmetry in the CO mixing ratio. This asymmetry is displayed as a latitudinal increase in the CO mixing ratio from a constant value of 8.3 × 10−4 northward of the subsolar latitude at 23°N to the south from this latitude where CO reaches a value of 12.5 × 10−4 at 50°S. This asymmetry is explained by the intense condensation of CO2 on the south polar cap at LS = 112°. General circulation models predict a weak meridional circulation in southern winter, which cannot prevent the buildup of the CO mixing ratio. The amount of CO2 ice accumulated on the south polar cap is equal to ≈1 mbar of global-mean CO2 gas according to the general circulation models of the polar processes. If this gas were released and mixed in the southern atmosphere up to the subsolar latitude, then the CO mixing ratio would be equal in both hemispheres. Photochemical accumulation of CO during the southern winter due to freezing out of water vapor does not exceed 4%, that is, an order of magnitude weaker than the observed effect. Further study of seasonal variations of the CO asymmetry should be made by observations and simulated by general circulation models.


Bud blight, caused by Tobacco ringspot virus (TRSV; Genus: Nepovirus; Family: Comoviridae), can significantly reduce the seed yield and seed quality of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. The identification of resistance genes and the development of resistant cultivars constitute an effective strategy for preventing yield loss. The objectives of this study were to identify and map quantitative trait loci (QTLs) conditioning resistance to bud blight and validate their genomic location with two populations derived from the cross of 'Young' (resistant) x PI 416937 (susceptible). One population consisted of 116 F 4:7 lines and was used to map restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) markers associated with resistance to bud blight. The lines were grown in one-row plots in a randomized complete block design with two replications. The plots were naturally infected with TRSV. At maturity, soybean plots were visually scored according to the number of plants that exhibited terminal bud death. A major QTL was identified and mapped on linkage group (LG) F by the RFLP marker K644―1. It accounted for 82% of the variation in bud blight score. To verify the genomic location of the major bud blight QTL, a second population of Young x PI 416937 that consisted of 180 F 2:3 lines was evaluated. In this population, simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers on LG F near the putative genomic location of the bud blight QTL were utilized. The major QTL conditioning bud blight resistance was confirmed and found to be closely linked to the Satt510 marker.


A bearing is interposed between two surfaces in relative motion to minimize the friction. In generally used bearing materials like steels or its alloys depends on the continuous presence of a very thin –millionths of an inch-film of lubricant. Due to restricted lubricant flow or long run increase excessive temperature etc. These are the several reasons of failure of the bearing and this rate of failure of the bearing can be avoided by proper selection of bearing materials and lubricating system. The materials are processed to achieve desirable properties to maximize bearing performance and life. Wet condition lubricants are oils, which produce an oil film between two mating parts i.e. reduce wear and friction. Dry lubricants are materials which, despite being in a solid phase are able to reduce friction between two surfaces against each other without need a liquid oil medium. Over the years, the author has evaluated an P1n-on-d1sk tribometer will be described and discussed as will experimental methods for evaluating Wet conditions and Dry conditions. When evaluating what solid lubrication and hydrodynamic lubrication should be used for a specific application, the only sure way to determine how well it will perform.


Antimicrobial peptides are essential host defense mechanisms that prevent urinary tract infections. Recent studies demonstrate that peptides in the Ribonuclease A Superfamily have antimicrobial activity against uropathogens and protect the urinary tract from uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC). Little is known is about the antibacterial function or expression of Ribonuclease 4 in the human urinary tract. Here, we show that full-length recombinant Ribonuclease 4 peptide and synthetic amino-terminal Ribonuclease 4 peptide fragment have antibacterial activity against UPEC and multi-drug resistant UPEC. RNASE4 transcript expression was detected in human kidney and bladder tissue using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Immunostaining or in situ hybridization localized Ribonuclease 4 expression to proximal tubules, principal and intercalated cells in the kidney's collecting duct, and the bladder urothelium. Urinary Ribonuclease 4 concentrations were quantified in healthy controls and females with a urinary tract infection history. Compared to controls, urinary RNase 4 concentrations were significantly lower in females with a urinary tract infection history. When Ribonuclease 4 was neutralized in human urine or silenced in vitro using small interfering RNA, urinary UPEC replication or attachment to and invasion of urothelial and kidney medullary cells increased. These data show that Ribonuclease 4 has antibacterial activity against UPEC, is expressed in the human urinary tract, and can contribute to host defense against urinary tract infections.


Muskmelon was sprayed by sucrose-based polymers with concentration of 0.3% to study the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD) and catalase(CAT) in the leaves.The results showed that sucrose-based polymers could enhance the activities of SOD,CAT and POD,which had remarkable benefit to improve adverse circumstances and disease resistance of muskmelon.


India signed the United Nations Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment 1984 (hereinafter referred to as the 'Convention') in 1997. However, 15 years since, India is still waiting to implement a domestic legislation that would enable it to ratify the Convention. In 2008, the Government of India made public the Prevention of Torture Bill, 2008 (hereinafter referred to as the '2008 Bill'). The 2008 Bill, after consultation and with some drafting changes was introduced in the Lok Sabha on April 26, 2010 as the Prevention of Torture Bill, 2010 (hereinafter referred to as the '2010 Bill') and passed on May 6, 2010 without any major debate. In light of tremendous public criticism, the 2010 Bill was referred to Rajya Sabha Select Committee (hereinafter referred to as 'the Select Committee'), which has proposed certain corrective amendments for making the 2010 Bill more effective. In this article we examine the fundamental flaws in the Bill and how they fall short of not only India's obligations under the Convention but are also incongruous with various provisions of Indian law. We take a look at the recommendations made by the Select Committee. It is concluded that the Select Committee recommendations are a step in the right direction and necessary amendments in the 2010 Bill need to be effected on proposed lines. However, to effectively combat the use of torture, criminal law reforms — procedural as well as substantive need to be undertaken on a larger scale.


In the summer of 1978 Eric Avery finished a residency in psychiatry and came to the Perm State College of Medicine in Hershey to take up a two-month residency of a different — he would say "opposite" — sort. We in the Department of Humanities appointed him artist-in-residence, based on our admiration of his photographs, some of which we had seen during a previous visit in October 1977. We opened most of the doors in the medical center and invited him to point his cameras where he wished. The results are remarkable. I want briefly to describe them, and the later wood engravings, in the context of what Avery has said about his work during several recent conversations with me. I begin with the earlier work because much of Avery the printmaker is already there in the 1977-78 photographs. Three enduring characteristics of those photographs are espedally clear: first, Avery's astonishing ability to see in medical spaces and in the unself-consdous visual arrangements made by medical personnel meanings hidden from die rest of us; second, die ways in which his mind quite naturally moves toward die various startling, even shocking, borders between life and deatii; and third, the search for images to represent his deep compassion. (A subsequent trip inspired a valuable focus, but more of that later.) A few photos from die series depicting relationships between doctors and patients were taken in the neonatal unit. Two of them have been transformed into the first two engravings of the present group. Another place where Avery came alive diat summer was die anatomical pathology lab. I accompanied him to one autopsy, but I didn't see what he saw. The photographs later developed include an unusual "Still Life" —the shiny lungs, kidneys, adrenals, spleen, and liver of a newly dissected human body. Anodier image, which came to be known as "Death's Head," forces the viewer to look directiy down into die skull of a woman whose scalp


This scrapbook is part of the Harvard University [4] Library's collection on "Working Women, 1800–1930," which is itself part of the Open Collections Program. The print version is located at the Francis A. Countway Library of Medicine. It contains information about the hospital, including articles from newspapers, magazines, and other publications; photographs of the hospital, employees, and special events; lecture announcements; letters and other forms of correspondence; ration cards; tickets; forms; certificates; posters; programs; and playbills. The following is a selection of scrapbook components relevant to embryology [5]. However, because of the length of the scrapbook, other entries may provide insight for future research endeavors. References point to particular pages in the scrapbook.


A method for corresponding the boundaries of two shapes is presented. The algorithm employs a sparse polygonal approximation of one of the boundaries, generated using a critical point detection algorithm. A matching sparse polygon is sought on the second of the two boundaries which is both similar in shape to and has a similar representation error to the rst. Optimisation of a cost function using a greedy algorithm locates the sparse polygon on the second boundary. Results are presented for three classes of shape which exhibit various types of non-rigid deformation. The algorithm is also applied to an automatic landmark identiication task.


. Cerium is one of the rare elements with high abundance and has been widely used in sensor applications. In this study, electrochemical DNA biosensor has been developed to detect mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of Sus scrofa using a screen-printed carbon electrode-cerium (SPCE-Ce). The surface of the SPCE electrode before and after modification with cerium was characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and cyclic voltammetry. The design of the pig nucleotide sequence as probe DNA was determined using NCBI blast and t-coffee programs. The probe DNA was immobilized onto SPCE-Ce through electrostatic interactions between the cerium surface and the phosphate backbone of DNA. Furthermore, the hybridization probe-target DNA process was characterized using voltammetry differentiation pulse (DPV). The SPCE and SPCE-Ce surfaces in SEM show morphological differences, which are smoother and uniform surfaces after the carbon surface is covered by cerium. The cyclic voltammograms showed a redox current peak rise from the electroactive ferric cyanide species at SPCE-Ce. The probe sequence is 5'-TATTIATACCAATCACTAIC-3' has an identity of 100% with cytochrome b (Cyt b) mtDNA of Sus scrofa . Hybridization probe-target DNA characterized using voltammetry produce peak oxidation of guanine range potential to be at 1.20 V to 1.22 V. The optimum experimental conditions were carried out at 30.0 µg/mL for probe concentration, 20 minutes for immobilization time, and 20 minutes for hybridization time. The linear equation of the target concentration against was I = 0.0303[target]+3.947 for the target DNA concentration range 5.0 to 30.0 µg/mL. Determination of analytic parameters showed that the values of sensitivity, LoD, LoQ, and precision were 0.0303 µg/mL, 1.44 µg/mL, 4.81 µg/mL, and 98.99%, respectively. This biosensor can be used to determine pig mtDNA concentrations in real samples.


Analysis of slanted beam MEMS capacitive accelerometer structures has been presented in this paper. A new structure has been proposed to be used for high g applications up to plusmn30 g. The proposed new structure has been compared with three other different structures. All the four structures were simulated using CoventorWare TM 2005 and their performance characteristics were compared. It has been found that other three structures are found suitable only for low g applications up to plusmn2 g. One among the four designs known as single beam structure was successfully fabricated in a single step anisotropic wet chemical etching in aqueous KOH solution using <111> plane as physical etch stop.


Taking the water conservancy building in Agricultural University of Inner Mongolia as the example,the paper explores the key technique for the establishment of the virtual campus,introduces the adoption of 3D Max to create the three-dimension model and of ArcMap to undertake the digitalization of the two-dimension geographic elements,and indicates the technical points for realizing the partial virtual campus landscapes in ArcScene,so as to achieve the users to appreciate the campus landscapes staying at home.


This paper considers the asymptotical synchronization of coupled nonlinear impulsive partial differential systems (PDSs) in complex networks. The cases of both complex networks with fixed topology and switching topology are studied. Based on the Lyapunov–Krasoviskii functional method, sufficient conditions are presented to guarantee the asymptotical synchronization of nonlinear impulsive PDSs, under the cases of fixed topology or switching topology. The effect of the spatial domain is exhibited in these sufficient conditions. Moreover, these sufficient conditions provide a method for selecting a suitable impulsive strategy for the coupled PDSs to achieve the asymptotical synchronization. Finally, numerical examples are given to illustrate the correctness.


BACKGROUND
Identifying the cause of renal allograft dysfunction is important for the clinical management of kidney transplant recipients.

PURPOSE
To evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) for identifying allografts with acute rejection (AR) and chronic allograft nephropathy (CAN).

STUDY TYPE
Prospective.

SUBJECTS
Seventy-seven renal transplant patients (aged 42.5 ± 9.5 years), including 29 patients with well-functioning stable allografts (Control group), 25 patients diagnosed with acute rejection (AR group), and 23 patients diagnosed with chronic allograft nephropathy (CAN group).

FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE
1.5 T/T2-weighted imaging and DTI.

ASSESSMENT
The serum creatinine, proteinuria, pathologic results, and fractional anisotropy (FA) values were obtained and compared among the three groups.

STATISTICAL TEST
One-way analysis of variance; correlation analysis; independent-sample t-test; intraclass correlation coefficients and receiver operating characteristic curves. Statistical significance was set to a P-value <0.05.

RESULTS
The AR and CAN groups presented with significantly elevated serum creatinine as compared with the Control group (191.8 ± 181.0 and 163.1 ± 115.8 μmol/L vs. 82.3 ± 20.9 μmol/L). FA decreased in AR group (cortical/medullary: 0.13 ± 0.02/0.31 ± 0.07) and CAN group (cortical/medullary: 0.11 ± 0.02/0.27 ± 0.06), compared with the Control group (cortical/medullary: 0.15 ± 0.02/0.35 ± 0.05). Cortical FA in the AR group was higher than in the CAN group. The area under the curve (AUC) for identifying AR from normal allografts was 0.756 and 0.744 by cortical FA and medullary FA, respectively. The AUC of cortical FA and medullary FA for differentiating CAN from normal allografts was 0.907 and 0.830, respectively. The AUC of cortical FA and medullary FA for distinguishing AR and CAN from normal allografts was 0.828 and 0.785, respectively. Cortical FA was able to distinguish between AR and CAN with an AUC of 0.728.

DATA CONCLUSION
DTI was able to detect patients with dysfunctional allografts. Cortical FA can further distinguish between AR and CAN.

EVIDENCE LEVEL
2 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 2.


Abstract This study examined interpersonal heterosexist discrimination by examining self-reported anti-gay behaviors of heterosexual college students. Respondents were 226 college students; 94.9% had perpetrated some form of discriminatory behavior and 32.7% had committed a behavior that was rated as moderately harmful or higher. A higher amount of self-reported discriminatory behavior was associated with being male, having more homophobic attitudes, and having lower GPAs. Discriminatory behaviors were not related to political ideology, religious influence, or interaction with gay men and lesbians. Neither discriminatory behaviors nor homophobic attitudes were related to academic year, age, membership in a social fraternity/sorority, or membership on an intercollegiate athletic team.


Prepared for Seventh Graduate Student Conference in Political Science, International Relations and Public Policy at Hebrew University of Jerusalem on December 14-16, 2011. This is a preliminary precis for a new project about the regulation of protest in market democracies. It suggests that the process of global economic liberalization necessarily produces dislocation and heightens the risk of angry protest, which if poorly managed threatens political destabilization and a retreat from the project of liberalization itself. Over time, market democracies develop regulatory regimes -- constituted of rules, organizational capacities, and technologies -- for controlling mass protests. Regimes evolve in response to periodic "law and order" crises and also the shifting tactics of protesters themselves. Over time, regimes becoming increasingly stringent, so that the possibility of a "crowd politics" -- a kind of politics in which protests play a significant role in determining policy outcomes -- becomes increasingly remote.


wHO is being reassured? 'Patient reassured' is almost certainly the commonest concluding remark of a consultation, especially one involving a parent of a sick child. In this review of qualitative studies about parents presenting with sick children I show that what parents want and need from healthcare practitioners is assurance they are good parents and confidence they will be able to manage when they are back home with their sick child. By reflecting on my experience of watching a trainee GP consult in a GP outof-hours clinic, I believe that reassurance is often for the clinician's sake. The confidence building given to parents also needs to be explicit:


In this study, we studied the drying process, grinding characteristics and physicochemical characteristics of broccoli sprouts (BS). The seeds of broccoli were germinated at 20 °C for 3 and 6 days. Then, the seeds were air- and freeze-dried, and the Page model was used for prediction of drying kinetics of broccoli sprouts. It was observed that the drying time of BS decreased about twofold as the air-drying temperature increased from 40 to 80 °C. An increasing the air-drying temperature from 40 to 80 °C decreased the drying time by approximately twofold. Freeze-drying of sprouts took the longest drying time. Germination of seeds significantly decreased the value of grinding energy requirements, and the ground sprouts exhibited a different grinding pattern in comparison to ground non-germinated seeds. In terms of color parameters, the highest lightness and yellowness were found for freeze-dried sprouts. Redness and yellowness of sprouts increased with an increase in the air-drying temperature. The lowest total color difference was obtained for the freeze-dried sprouts. Higher drying temperature resulted in lower total phenolics content (TPC) and decreased antioxidant activity (AA). The highest TPC and AA were observed in air-dried sprouts (40 °C) and freeze-dried sprouts after 6 days of germination.


Introduction: Acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) is responsible for almost 90% of all strokes. Large vessel occlusion is mainly responsible for AIS. Earlier treatment of AIS is associated with improved outcomes. Multimodal imaging methods such as MRI and CT provide information that can help in diagnosing it. These methods are helpful in the prognosis of AIS and in the selection of patients who can be subjected to thrombolytic therapy. Objectives of the Study: The present comparative study has been conducted to understand whether MRI images are better for the diagnosis of AIS than CT, to assess the efficacy of tPA in the recovery of patients, and to explore the role of advanced imaging in acute stroke. Methods: The present study was conducted with 40 patients, aged 18 years and above who presented to the Emergency Department of Uppal Neuro Hospital, Amritsar, Punjab with a history of acute ischaemic stroke or hyperacute stroke between September 2017 and March 2018. All patients were examined using 32 slices CT and 1.5T MRI scanner. Among all cases, 17 patients had suffered a hyperacute stroke and 23 had suffered an acute ischaemic stroke. Results: It was observed that AIS-associated changes are detectable sooner with MRI as compared to CT. MRI has a higher interobserver and intraobserver reliability as seen with diffusion-weighted imaging MRI as compared to CT in the diagnosis of AIS. Patients who were treated with tPA were found to recover quickly as compared to those who were not treated with tPA. Conclusion: Sophisticated techniques such as perfusion imaging and non-invasive vascular imaging are becoming more effective tools for guiding prospective endovascular treatment or extending therapy windows in the case of patients with acute ischaemic stroke.


Early this year, January, is when I posted the availability of Acer Iconia Tab A200 but it will be shipped to all interested people who wanted to buy this tablet with Android OS version 3.2 (Honeycomb).  However, according to Acer if you buy their Acer...


The most widely used procedure for finding the value of a quantity from data obtained from interlaboratory comparisons involves calculating the inverse-variance weighted mean of the laboratories' estimates. This method produces adequate results if the data are consistent. However, sometimes a consistency test reveals the possible existence of outliers that nevertheless have to be included in the evaluation task. In this paper the Bayesian understanding of probability is used to derive three methods that may be applied in the case when the data appear to be inconsistent. The performances of these methods are compared through a simulated example.


This article is a reflection that takes place within the framework of the social work intervention in the problem of malnutrition, it covers concepts from the multiple factors which determine it as a result of biological and social factors; it also deepens the concepts of food culture and early childhood, the first one as an important factor to interpret the method of collection, preparation and consumption of food and the second as the crucial stage for the full development of the human being in all its aspects: biological, psychological, cultural and social; finally there is a review of the regulatory aspects found in the Colombian legislation about nutrition in infancy.


Digital Mapping Practice is one of the most important professional courses for department of surveying and mapping,and it will have obvious effect for students' behaviour on their productive practice.Work Breakdown Structure(WBS)is a useful tool for project management.With resolving the process and content of digital mapping practice,WBS can make it works smoothly,and achieve it successfully.


We have studied spin dephasing in a high-mobility two-dimensional electron system confined in a GaAs/AlGaAs quantum well grown in the [110] direction, using the resonant spin amplification (RSA) technique. From the characteristic shape of the RSA spectra, we are able to extract the spin dephasing times (SDTs) for electron spins aligned along the growth direction or within the sample plane, as well as the g factor. We observe a strong anisotropy in the spin dephasing times. While the in-plane SDT remains almost constant as the temperature is varied between 4 and 50 K, the out-of-plane SDT shows a dramatic increase at a temperature of about 25 K and reaches values of about 100 ns. The SDTs at 4 K can be further increased by additional, weak above-barrier illumination. The origin of this unexpected behavior is discussed. The SDT enhancement is attributed to the redistribution of charge carriers between the electron gas and remote donors.


The detrital modes of sandstones in the Japanese convergent margin show distinct temporal variations since the Paleozoic. Lithic sandstones generally contain much more volcanic rock fragments than quartzose/feldspathic sandstones, and typically developed in response to episodic activation of arc volcanism which has been controlled by fluctuation in oceanic plate motions in the Japanese convergent margin. The temporal variations in the sandstone composition, mainly represented by fluctuation in the relative ratio of total lithic fragments, show a mode very similar to that in the sediment accumulation rate since the Triassic, and may be a sensitive record of sedimentary basin evolution in the Japanese convergent margin. The general trend of temporal variations in the sandstone composition follows the one we can observe for the fluctuation in the rate of landward migration of coastal onlap curves of HAQ et al. (1987). Further the general mode of the temporal variations in the strontium isotope ratios and the preservation rate of sedimentary carbonate are also largely similar to that of the temporal variations in the sandstone composition in the Japanese convergent margin. The temporal variations in the sandstone composition in the Japanese convergent margin, therefore, appear to memorize flucutuations in sea levels and global chemical cycles through the Phanerozoic, which may also have been controlled by fluctuating plate motions.


OBJECTIVE To investigate the characteristics of bacterial spectrum and the results of drug sensitivity test of pharyngeal fistula after laryngocarcinoma operation in our hospital,so as to provide evidence for antibiotic use,and summarize experience of conservative treatment of pharyngeal fistula.METHODS There were 8 cases of Pharyngeal fistula after laryngocarcinoma operation from Jan 2006 to Dec 2009 in hospital.The results of bacterial culture,susceptibility test and conservative therapeutic measure of pharyngeal fistula after laryngeal cancer surgery were analyzed.RESULTS Of 8 specimens,bacteria were found in 7 cases(87.5%).5(71.4%) cases of Gram-negative bacilli,which were 1 Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate,2 P.aeruginosa isolates and 2 Serratia odor isolates and 2(28.6%) cases of Gram-positive cocci were streptococcus.Drug susceptibility results showed that the most pathogens were sensitive to levofloxacin,bacillosporin and amikacin.5 cases of Gram-negative bacilli were resistant to penicillin and cephalosporin.The occurrence time of pharyngeal fistula varies from 7 to 14 days after operation.All cases were cured by conservative treatment such as anti-infection,debridement drainage,pressure dressing,and nutritional support in 12 to 31 days.CONCLUSIONS The key to prevent the formation of pharyngeal fistula is to apply sensitive antibiotics to control infection,combining with the conservative treatments,including debridement drainage,pressure dressing and nutritional support therapy,which can finally cure pharyngeal fistula.


Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability of mitral regurgitation color M‐mode regurgitant flow propagation velocity (RFPV) in grading mitral regurgitation (MR). Methods: We prospectively examined 52 consecutive patients with grades of MR mild in 10 patients, moderate in 19 patients, and severe in 23 patients with quantitative pulse Doppler echocardiography. MR was evaluated by vena contracta diameter (VCD), regurgitant jet area (RJA), and RFPV. These qualitative and quantitative methods were compared with the pulsed Doppler quantitative flow measurements and concordance of these three methods was determined. Results: The mean RFPV for mild, moderate, and severe MR were 26.4 ± 7 cm/sec, 43.3 ± 7 cm/sec, and 60.3 ± 7.3 respectively (P < 0.001). RFPV is highly sensitive and moderately specific in differentiating mild and severe MR from other subgroups. Sensitivity and specificity were 92.1%–64.3% for mild and 100%–68.5% for severe MR, respectively. Significant correlation was observed between pulse Doppler quantitative grades, RFPV, VC, and RJA (P < 0.0001, r = 0.87; P < 0.0001, r =−0.84; P < 0.0001, r = 0.76, respectively). Conclusion: This results show that RFPV is a reliable and simple semiquantitative new method that can be used for determining severity of MR.


The focal point is to present the areas where the technology in buildings can be supported by proper motivation and take substantial advantage measurable in technical units. The need to understand the integration between ecology, society, economy and technology is crucial when global improvements are the targets. These targets should consider urban environments as natural human settlement, in the understanding that accepts human psychological needs for wide and deep education, acquiring highly professional satisfaction without resigning from family style of life and leisure as natural. It is necessary to accept human production also in its advanced levels as a natural human activity and to combine it with the other afore-mentioned components of integration. Attention has been directed to clean energy certification in newly constructed objects and refurbished buildings, formation of owner's responsibility for the possessed goods and their best use in sustainable development. Particular attention has been drawn to the increasingly popular manner of using resources only if it is justified by proportionally very high advantages to the society. This has been presented with the examples of energy savings in low energy and passive buildings. Moreover, the examples show the ways of sustainable development which include the use of renewable energy, using coal only in collective industrial systems very restricted in terms of protection against pollution and uncontrolled use of energy, and similarly, of other conventional fuels, water and land.


Abstract Variation of the Italian agricultural landscape in relation to the evolution of the agronomic techniques.- The agricultural activity and the practices that are connected with it more or less directly, have been transformed during the history of mankind according to the evolution of the various societies and policies. These variations are with no doubt the most "responsible" of the evolution of the agricultural landscape. The agronomic techniques that were used in the ancient agricultural societies were initially rough, the land being used temporarly by nomadic people and then abandoned when fertility or weather were not favourable to crop growth and replaced with new fertile areas. Therefore the impact of ancient agriculture on the landscape was very limited, also because of the low population density. The permanent agriculture developed with the beginning of the great civilisations when the rural environment begun to assume a more stable aspect. During the Reinassance the diversification of agri...


The Haobugao Pb-Zn deposit is a typical skarn deposit in Inner Mongolia. The main strata exposed in the mining area are the Permian Dashizhai Formation of marine sedimentary and continental-volcanic sedimentary rock series, and also the main host rock of the Haobugao Pb-Zn polymetallic deposit. Based on the analysis of ore-forming elements of different rocks in the boreholes of the deposit, the metallogenic elements As, Zn, Cu, Pb, Sn, etc. have relatively high abundance value in the formation surrounding rock (slate, marble, granite, etc.), which are obviously higher than the clark value; The mineralization elements in the surrounding rocks were activated by the hydrothermal fluid and the formation surrounding rock, which provided a certain amount of material source for the formation of the deposit.


10008 Background: Activating mutations of the Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK) receptor could be responsible for most familial neuroblastoma cases and for up to 15% of somatic cases. The objective of the present study was to further investigate the role of ALK activation in neuroblastoma.

METHODS
Tissue microarrays were constructed containing 101 primary tumors and 56 paired normal tissues. Sections were immunostained with anti-ALK or anti-P-ALK antibodies, and with antibodies directed against the ALK ligands: PTN (Pleiotrophin) or MDK (Midkine). The Wilcoxon signed rank test was applied for comparison of paired data. Associations with prognostic factors were analyzed using t-tests. Effects of the ALK inhibitor TAE684 (Novartis) on cell proliferation and signaling was evaluated in wild-type or mutated ALK neuroblastoma cell lines and xenografts.

RESULTS
ALK was expressed in about 100% of tumors and normal tissues, while phospho-ALK was detected in 5% of normal tissues and 50% of tumors. Sequencing of the kinase domain of ALK showed that its phosphorylation was largely independent of mutations and we found that MDK and PTN ligands were expressed in 66% and 50% of tumors, respectively. Interestingly, ALK, P-ALK, and MDK were expressed at higher levels in tumors as compared with paired normal tissues (p < 0.0001), while PTN showed an inverse tendency, being more expressed in normal tissues (p = 0.07). In tumors, P-ALK was associated with good-prognosis factors, including favorable stages (p = 0.01), absence of MYCN amplification (p = 0.05) and a younger age at diagnosis (p = 0.03). Inhibition of cell proliferation by TAE684 was detectible in all neuroblastoma cell lines, regardless of ALK status. However, TAE684 failed to demonstrate antitumor activity in advanced stage neuroblastoma xenografts expressing either a wild-type or a mutated ALK. Interestingly, ALK pathway activation (P-STAT3, P-AKT) was weak or barely detectible in these xenografts.

CONCLUSIONS
ALK activation occurs during neuroblastoma oncogenesis, along with a concomitant switch between the expressions of PTN and MDK. However, ALK may not be a relevant therapeutic target since in vivo inhibition showed no antitumor activity. [Table: see text].


Combined with the actual situation of Gudong Oilfield, the paper introduced the machine production system test result of Shengli Oilfield Gudong Oil Production Plant during the first half year of 2008. The rod pump system efficiency composition and calculation method was summarized. Test results data and the main factors impacting mechanical oil production pump efficiency was analyzed. It provided to improve the mechanical oil pump rod system efficiency measures, as well as the focus of the next steps will be taken.


A new species of free-living marine nematode, belonging to the genus Micoletzkyia
Ditlevsen, 1926 (Phanodermatidae Filipjev, 1927), is described from the deep sea off the coast of Hokkaido, northern Japan. Micoletzkyia mawatarii sp. nov. resembles M. magna
Vitiello, 1970 and M. longispicula
Huang and Cheng, 2012 in the shape of the tail and gubernaculum, but differs from the former in body width and in length of the cephalic setae, and from the latter in body length, proportional length of the tail, position of the nerve ring, and shape of the precloacal supplement. Micoletzkyia mawatarii sp. nov. also resembles M. parelegans Allgen, 1954 in its large body size, but differs from it in esophagus length, shape of the gubernaculum, size and position of the precloacal supplement, and in having a longer tail.


We study several variants of coordinated consensus in dynamic networks. We assume a synchronous model, where the communication graph for each round is chosen by a worst-case adversary. The network topology is always connected, but can change completely from one round to the next. The model captures mobile and wireless networks, where communication can be unpredictable.
 In this setting we study the fundamental problems of eventual, simultaneous, and Δ-coordinated consensus, as well as their relationship to other distributed problems, such as determining the size of the network. We show that in the absence of a good initial upper bound on the size of the network, eventual consensus is as hard as computing deterministic functions of the input, e.g., the minimum or maximum of inputs to the nodes. We also give an algorithm for computing such functions that is optimal in every execution. Next, we show that simultaneous consensus can never be achieved in less than n - 1 rounds in any execution, where n is the size of the network; consequently, simultaneous consensus is as hard as computing an upper bound on the number of nodes in the network.
 For Δ-coordinated consensus, we show that if the ratio between nodes with input 0 and input 1 is bounded away from 1, it is possible to decide in time n-Θ(√ nΔ), where Δ bounds the time from the first decision until all nodes decide. If the dynamic graph has diameter D, the time to decide is min{O(nD/Δ),n-Ω(nΔ/D)}, even if D is not known in advance. Finally, we show that (a) there is a dynamic graph such that for every input, no node can decide before time n-O(Δ0.28n0.72); and (b) for any diameter D = O(Δ), there is an execution with diameter D where no node can decide before time Ω(nD / Δ). To our knowledge, our work constitutes the first study of Δ-coordinated consensus in general graphs.


This collection of stories, examples and narratives about exceptional leadership by design provides tangible, examples of how the design process can be applied to leadership practice. It uses evidence-based organizational, behavioral, and leadership science to inform a framework that will equip leaders and organizations to be more effective.


The invention provides a drawing tool box, and relates to a drawing tool box which has a folding easel and can be equipped with a canvas or a sketchbook with larger size than that of the box. The drawing tools cannot be attached to the box, so that dirt cannot be adhered on clothes when the drawing tool box is carried out. The drawing tool box can be accommodated in a bag easily. The drawing tool box comprises a main body, a cover plate, a supporting member for holding the cover plate at a preset angle, and a sliding body. The box main body is a flat box, and an aperture on the upper surface is closed by the cover plate or by the cover plate and a plate-shaped supporting member. The sliding body is configured to be guided by a guide member disposed in a front-back direction of a side edge or a bottom surface of the box main body, so that the sliding body can move toward the back of the box main body. The rear end of the supporting member can be pivotally installed at the rear end of the sliding body in a manner of rocking around an axis parallel to the rear edge of the box main body, and the front end of the supporting member can be pivotally installed at a middle position in the front-back direction of the cover plate in a manner of rocking around the axis parallel to the rear edge of thee box main body.


To November, 1910, there came under my care 194 patients with diffiuse septic peritonitis from appendicitis of whom 138 recovered, a recovery percentage of 71, and fifty-six died, a mortality percentage of 29. In this series there were at times as many as fifteen consecutive cases without a death. All patients were operated on except six who were actually moribund. An attempt has been made through a study of the 188 cases with operations to reach some conclusion as to the value of the different methods of treatment in diffuse septic peritonitis following appendicitis. It is interesting to note that in eighty-three cases in which treatment consisted of the administration of fluids by mouth, saline enemas every three or hour hours, with the Fowler position, sixty patients recovered, a recovery percentage of 72.3, and twenty-three patients died, a mortality percentage of 27.7. In a series of thirty-nine patients treated by


Many effective automatic surface simplification algorithms have been developed in order to produce approximations from a complex polygonal model. However, previous algorithms often have difficulty identifying and preserving important geometric features such as high-curvature regions when the model is simplified to a very low level of detail. In this paper, we define a new feature constraint quadric error metric and propose a user-controlled geometric feature preserving simplification that aims to improve this weakness. We apply quadric fitting method to estimate the parameters and the local geometry of the surface; then we present adaptive weighting of the quadric which is associated with each vertex, relying on the discrete differential-geometry properties of the vertex. Before the simplification process is executed, our algorithm requires users to specify several global parameters to control the quality of approximations and overall processing time, and then our algorithm can adaptively control the relative importance of different surface regions to implicitly reorder the edge collapses sequence. We also propose additional feature constraint quadrics to control the selection of new vertices' optimal positions for preserving geometric features and properties of the surface. This paper shows, with very little effort, our algorithm can preserve various geometric features of the original model and produce approximations with smaller differential-geometry errors than previous algorithms.


With two million active participants, the Traditionalist Gaucho Movement (MTG) in Brazil claims to be the biggest popular culture movement anywhere in the West. Set up in 1948 at Porto Alegre by secondary school students from the pasture lands of Rio Grande do Sul, the Center of Gaucho Traditions has served as a model for more than a thousand organizations, scattered throughout this Brazilian state and affiliated with the MTG. Life in the livestock-raising latifundia provides the values underlying this traditionalism, as diffused by these intellectuals. The gaucho


The pathways of terminal and subterminal propane oxidation have been
investigated in a propane-utilizing R. rhodochrous PNKbl. NTG-generated
pleiotrophic mutants, characterized by their inability to utilize
propane have been isolated. Several classes of mutants have been
obtained which are unable to metabolize potential propane oxidation
intermediates, e. g. propanol (alcA- or alcB-), propanal (ald-), acetone
(ket-), propanoate (oate-) and acetate (ace-). Only ket- mutants
retained the ability to metabolize propane. Mutants defective in the
first step of propane metabolism (aik-), were also unable to metabolize
acetol (a potential subterminal intermediate). Mutant analysis suggests
that propane is oxidized via terminal and subterminal pathways in
R. rhodochrous PNKbl. However, acetone (a potential subterminal
intermediate) does not appear to have a role in propane metabolism.
A propane-specific 86 kDa NAD+-dependent secondary alcohol dehydrogenase
has been purified to homogeneity. This enzyme oxidizes a range of
primary and secondary aliphatic alochols (C2 to C8). It is also
responsible for both propan-l-ol and propan-2-ol dehydrogenase
activities measured in cell-free extracts of propane-grown cells.
Western-blot analysis has shown that it is induced during growth on
propane, propan-2-ol, acetol and acetate (subterminal intermediates);
but not propan-l-ol, propanal propanoate (terminal intermediates) or
acetone. This technique has also demonstrated that a conserved NAD+-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase was induced in Rhodococcus - Nocardia
bacteria after growth on propane.
SDS-PAGE revealed proteins specific to cells grown on propane and
acetol, which may be components of a novel propane/acetol oxygenase
system. Oxygenase activity, as demonstrated by the epoxidation of
propene, was induced after growth on propane and acetol. NADPHdependent
acetol oxygenase activity was also detected. These results
suggest a relationship between the metabolism of propane and acetol.
Mutants unable to utilize propan-l-ol or propan-2-ol (aicA- and aicB- respectively)
were examined by assaying for NAD+-dependent propan-l-ol
and propan-2-ol dehydrogenase activities, by using SDS-PAGE analysis of
cell-free extracts and comparing the pattern and distribution of
pol peptides with the wild-type, and by Western-blot analysis of the
NAD -dependent secondary alcohol dehydrogenase synthesized by aicmutants.
Results demonstrated the aic- mutants had generally lower
NAD+-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase activities altered polypeptide
patterns and that alcB mutants synthesized NAD-dependent secondary
alcohol dehydrogenase which had altered electrophoretic mobility after
non-denaturing PAGE. The latter result may explain the inability of
these mutants to utilize propan-2-ol as a growth substrate.
The development of a plasmid transformation and gene transfer system for
R. rhodochrous PNKbl based on previously published methods has also been
assessed.
Finally, a model for the pathway of propane oxidation in R. rhodochrous
PNKbl is also presented showing oxidation via terminal and subterminal
carbon atoms.


In this sequel (to [Phys. Rev. Res. 3, 023044(2021)],
arXiv:2006.10072), we study randomly driven
(1+1)(1+1)
dimensional conformal field theories (CFTs), a family of quantum
many-body systems with soluble non-equilibrium quantum dynamics. The
sequence of driving Hamiltonians is drawn from an independent and
identically distributed random ensemble. At each driving step, the
deformed Hamiltonian only involves the energy-momentum density spatially
modulated at a single wavelength and therefore induces a Möbius
transformation on the complex coordinates. The non-equilibrium dynamics
is then determined by the corresponding sequence of Möbius
transformations, from which the Lyapunov exponent
\lambda_LλL
is defined. We use Furstenberg's theorem to classify the dynamical
phases and show that except for a few exceptional points that do not satisfy Furstenberg's
criteria, the random drivings always lead to a heating phase with the
total energy growing exponentially in the number of driving steps
nn
and the subsystem entanglement entropy growing linearly in
nn
with a slope proportional to central charge
cc
and the Lyapunov exponent \lambda_LλL.
On the contrary, the subsystem entanglement entropy at an exceptional
point could grow as \sqrt{n}n
while the total energy remains to grow exponentially. In addition, we
show that the distributions of the operator evolution and the energy
density peaks are also useful characterizations to distinguish the
heating phase from the exceptional points: the heating phase has both
distributions to be continuous, while the exceptional points could
support finite convex combinations of Dirac measures depending on their
specific type. In the end, we compare the field theory results with the
lattice model calculations for both the entanglement and energy
evolution and find remarkably good agreement.


The multiple-object tracking (MOT) task, proposed by Pylyshyn and Storm (1988), requires participants to simultaneously track the positions of several visual objects as they move among identical distractors. Yantis (1992) found that participants used perceptual grouping strategy when tracking multiple moving objects, indicating that moving objects with different identities could facilitate using of grouping strategy to help tracking. In this present study, we used facial expressions of emotions as object identities to investigate grouping strategies during multiple-identity tracking (MIT). With facial expressions of emotion playing an important role two experiments: (1) grouping improved tracking performance significantly, compared with homogenous condition; (2) targets with negative expression improved tracking performance significantly, compared with either positive targets or homogenous conditions, indicating an attention bias to negative expression; (3) shared identities between targets and distractors impaired tracking performance, compared with homogenous condition; (4) absence of eyebrows in facial images did not affect processing of negative expressions. In conclusion, we examined grouping strategy in MIT using facial expression as object identities. Our results showed that targets with negative expressions improved tracking performance significantly compared with positive and neural expressions, indicating an attention bias to negative attention. People can not only effectively use location and physical properties information of objects during multiple objects tracking found in previous studies, but also more ecological facial expression information. Our study also provides a new way of investigating perception of facial expressions of emotions in dynamic scenes.


Preface * Introduction * Mining, Processing, and Enrichment of Uranium Ores * The Industrial Complex for Uranium Enrichment * Nuclear Fuel Production * Nuclear Power Plants * Naval Application of Power * Nuclear Research Reactors and Nuclear Research Centres * Plutonium Production and Radiochemical Reprocessing of Spent Nuclear Fuel * Nuclear Weapons Production * Nuclear Explosions * Storage and Reprocessing of Nonreactor Radioactive Wastes and Spent Ionizing Radiation Sources * Conclusion * Appendices * Index


In this paper, a new scheme for biometric data security has been proposed.Fingerprint minutiae have been hidden in face templatesat feature level rather than image level.Facial templates areconstructed by extracting small block of coefficients matrix resulting from applying DCT on face images. First, we propose a new encryption algorithm based on arithmetic coding to encrypt the fingerprint minutiae points. Then, minutiae codes are embedded in facial feature vectors using a new embedding method based on XOR to produce a stego-template. The influence of hiding process on the performance of face recognition system was tested. The experiments showed that the degradation was not raised in system accuracy. So, the proposed scheme can be implementedto secure the sensitive data in a multibiometric system that combines face and fingerprint to authenticate individuals.


Wind power is renewable energy and plays a critical role in the carbon emission peak and carbon neutrality plan. As wind speed and direction is unstable, the generated electricity power fluctuates, and therefore cannot directly accepted by the power grid. A common solution is to forecast the wind power generation and adjust the power generation and dispatching strategy to improve the stability and acceptance when provided to the power grid based on the forecasting results. The accurate forecasting of wind power is the key to this scheme. Common forecasting methods include physical approach and statistical approach. For physical approach, the Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) model forecasts the wind speed and direction, so that the power is directly calculated. For statistical approach, the wind power is forecasted according to historical time series and predicted weather. The forecasting model including statistical autoregressive models, support vector machines, and neural networks, etc. However, the single model prediction lacks robustness, so we propose to ensemble multiple models to achieve robust short-term wind power forecasting. Based on supercomputing, we propose a large-scale parallel forecasting of various methods and models and a statistical method to assign reasonable weights to various models, achieving the large-scale ensemble of various models. In order to adapt to real-time data distribution changes, we update the models and corresponding weights online. The experiments are conducted on a dataset of wind power generation and meteorology from a province in China. The experimental results show that compared with the single model, the proposed large-scale ensemble model achieves better forecast accuracy and robustness.


In the reinsurance market, the risks natural catastrophes pose to portfolios of properties must be quantified, so that they can be priced, and insurance offered. The analysis of such risks at a portfolio level requires a simulation of up to 800 000 trials with an average of 1000 catastrophic events per trial. This is sufficient to capture risk for a global multi‐peril reinsurance portfolio covering a range of perils including earthquake, hurricane, tornado, hail, severe thunderstorm, wind storm, storm surge and riverine flooding, and wildfire. Such simulations are both computation and data intensive, making the application of high‐performance computing techniques desirable.


This paper introduces a new schema to build mini call center and presents the corresponding software designing architecture and depicts the designing of core module.The strongpoint for this technical solution is small investment,simple software development and easy soft extension,which is very suitable for the mini call center.


In order to use semantics more effectively in natural language processing,a semantic relevancy calculating model of natural language is proposed,and the k-pruning algorithm is proposed for solving the model.In the model,the best parsing process for a clause could be determined by the value of semantic relevancy of the clause.The two-level semantic structure of a clause are analyzed,and two grammar rules are used to describe the two-level semantic structure.In the process of solving the model,a state tree would be generated;the k-pruning algorithm could be used to delete the states with less semantic relevancy when searching the state tree,and the computational complexity is effectively reduced and the approximate solution could be accurately acquired.In the experiments,the results demonstrate that the algorithm is effective in solving the model.


The AAO membrane was modified by immersion within Zn(NO3)2 solution. Zinc-containing film would be formed over the inner surfaces of membrane. Using this as template, ZnO film-coated carbon nanotub...


The author attempts to determine the extent to which ethnic group differences in U.S. metropolitan settlement patterns are influenced by religion and ethnicity as opposed to economic and social factors. Patterns of settlement and expressed preferences for urban or suburban living among European ethnic groups in the United States are examined. Data are from the 1970 census and a 1966 attitudinal survey conducted in three mature metropolitan centers in Connecticut (ANNOTATION)


Parkinson's Disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorder with increasing prevalence in the world. Many studies have been conducted to detect or diagnose PD. Recently, voice signal based PD detection has been conducted rapidly. However, the performance of the detection still not excellent, hence the need for excellent detection still an open issue in PD detection. In this study, PD detection based on voice signal was conducted using public dataset. Since the dataset consist of many features, the proposed method combines feature selection mechanism and classification based on Gradient Boosted Tree (GBT) algorithm. Feature selection was conducted by using feature weighting from GBT. The experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms prior research with the accuracy about 0.92 with the minimum number of features. This result proves that GBT able to perform feature selection and good classifier. This concludes that the proposed method is promising as PD detection based on voice signal analysis.


The resolution of a new subdivision technique proposed in our previous studies, directly subdividing grating stripes by using the combination of CMOS microscopic imaging and image processing, was theoretically discussed and experimentally tested. The relations of resolution to the parameters, such as subdivision number, grating period, magnifying power, included angle, etc., were discussed in theory on the basis of resolution equations derived from subdivision principle and the object - image relation. And it was concluded that the resolution is higher as the subdivision number is more, the grating period is shorter, the magnifying power is higher or the tilt angle is smaller. Five subdivision systems with various resolutions were constructed with two kinds of metrological gratings and CMOS arrays and their performances were tested on an Abbe comparator with a minimum scale mark of 1 μm in the distance range of one grating period. The conclusion that subdivision system performs better under the higher resolution can be drawn from experimental results. At present, the maximum displacement error is 0.2 μm for the subdivision system with a resolution of 0.04 μm.


A new combination system of thermogravimetry/differential thermal analysis(TG/DTA)-Cambridge filter-absorption bottle trapping unit-high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)was established and applied to analysis the seven volatile phenols in evolved pyrolysis products and the reliability of the new system.Firstly,the main weight loss temperature(MWLT)of pipe tobacco was obtained according to the TG and DTG curves at 10 ℃/min heating rate and 300 mL/min of nitrogen flow,which was from room temperature to 600℃,then the seven volatile phenols was trapped and analysed qualitatively and quantitatively using the combination system in MWLT.Results indicated that volatile phenols in evolved gas was trapped selectively by the two different trapping ways,cambridge filter was more inclined to trap hydroquinone,resorcinol and catechol while absorption bottle was more inclined to trap phenol,p-cresol,m-cresol,o-cresol.Yields of each polyphenol in evolved gas was different in the same condition:phenol and catechol was higher than others,which was 1.858 and 1.675 mg/g respectively;While resorcinol was the lowest,which was 0.032 mg/g.This combination system had high reliability as the relative standard deviation(RSD)of each volatile phenol in 5 parallel experiments were all bellow 10%and it could be used to study the generation of volatile phenols in the pyrolysis process with temperature programming.


In this paper, we give an overview of some advanced computer applications developed in the Computer Vision Laboratory which we used in several art presentations and art installations on the Internet.

Already in 1995 we presented on the Internet the Slovenian Virtual Gallery which was a typical first generation web multimedia presentation consisting of an interconnected set of texts, images, and video clips. An alternative way of exploring this set was by ``walking'' through a virtual gallery space. This multimedia concept, in combination with our module for video observation over the Internet, was later used by the video artist Sre\v co Dragan for several of his art-Internet installations. By adding the possibility to get real-time video from any physical point, which can be connected to the Internet, one can effectively blend actual and virtual spaces.