Abstract Agriculture contributes about 30 % of GDP growth in Cambodia and rice production is the most important agricultural activity. Eighty five percent of rice cultivation is conducted under rainfed lowland conditions, where the soils are typically infertile, sandy and acidic. Traditionally, after the rice crop is harvested the paddy fields are left fallow, due to a lack of irrigation and a lack of awareness of potential post-rice alternative cropping options. With the recent development and adoption of improved, photoperiod non-sensitive rice varieties, the opportunities for post-rice second cropping have increased. Among the second crop options are mungbean and peanut However, there remain significant production constraints to second cropping with legumes in the rainfed lowland rice environment, including infertile acidic soils, poor soil structure, and limited availability of water. To establish the 'best-bet' management options for mungbean and peanut cropping
 after rice in the rainfed lowland environment of Cambodia, this thesis examined a range of planting techniques, irrigation methods and irrigation frequency, and soil amendments (chemical fertiliser, lime, cow manure and mulch). The thesis reports the results from three field experiments and one glasshouse experiment which were conducted during the dry-season (November-March) in 2008-09 and 2009-10. The experiments were conducted at the Cambodian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (CARDI). It was hypothesised that : (i) the growth and grain yield of legumes would be improved by the use of single row raised beds; (ii) higher water use efficiency would potentially come from the use of double-row raised beds under conditions of infrequent water application; (iii) more frequent irrigation (every day, every 4 days) would result in higher total dry matter and higher grain yield, than with infrequent irrigation (every 8, 12 or 16 days); ( iv) the incorporation of cow manure
 into the crop seedbed would improve total dry matter and grain yield; (v) the use of chemical fertilizer, mulches and lime will all potentially improve the growth and yield of grain legumes. The results of field studies in the 2008-09 dry-season indicated that there were significant effects of planting bed formation on root depth and plant height at flowering, and on pod number per plant and grains per pod at maturity; however, these effects did not result in significant differences in final grain yield (GY), which for mungbean averaged 254 kg/ha and for peanut, 431 kg/ha. The frequency of irrigation had a significant effect on the final grain yield of peanut but not for mungbean. The GY and total dry matter (TDM) of peanut was reduced by 37 and 25 %, respectively, when the irrigation frequency was reduced from every 4, 8 or 12 days, to every 16 days. The results of the first field experiment in the 2009-10 dry-season indicated that for mungbean the use of drip irrigation three
 times per week gave the lowest GY (212 kg/ha), while hand-watering every three days produced the highest GY (575 kg/ha). There was no difference between GY for the furrow irrigation treatments every week (449 kg/ha) or every two weeks (453 kg/ha). For peanut, both drip irrigation and furrow irrigation at an interval of once every two weeks resulted in significant reductions in final grain yield of 25-47 % and 26 %, respectively, when compared with frequent irrigation regimes. Although peanut biomass was not reduced with the use of drip irrigation, final GY was low on account of the peanut pegs not being able to penetrate the soil. When compost mix was applied to the seedbed, there was no beneficial impact on crop establishment or final GY of either mungbean or peanut, while it reduced TDM for both legumes in the furrow and drip irrigation treatments. For the drip irrigation treatment with compost mix application, average TDM and GY for mungbean were reduced by 48 % and 57 %,
 respectively, relative to the other irrigation treatments, while under the least frequent irrigation regime (once every 14 days) there was an average reduction of TDM by 18.6 %. A glasshouse experiment conducted in the 2009-10 dry-season found that total dry matter and pod yield of mungbean and total dry matter of peanut of the treatments of omission of rice straw and chemical fertilizer was half of those in the all applied control, while the omission of compost mix and lime did not have any apparent effects on the growth and yield of either legume. A third experiment undertaken in the 2009-10 dry-season gave significantly higher mungbean grain yields (46 and 34 % higher) from furrow irrigation once per week and daily hand-watering, when compared with furrow irrigation once every two weeks. In addition, the water use efficiency in terms of TDM and GY for the furrow irrigation once per week and daily hand-watering, were significantly higher than furrow irrigation once every two weeks
 and hand watering three times per week. In summary, it was concluded that there was no difference in use of single row or double row raised beds in terms of the final grain yield of mungbean or peanut. However, the minimum irrigation frequency for optimising the yield of mungbean or peanut grown during the dry-season in the lowland environment needs to be at least once every week during the growing season. The incorporation of chemical fertilizer was the most important soil amendment for optimising growth and final grain yield for both legumes. The incorporation of lime only had a small effect due to the high initial soil pH. The potential value of the incorporation of compost mix remained inconclusive and probably requires further assessment to clarify the reasons for the apparent negative effect on crop growth recorded in this study. The incorporation of grain legumes into the rice-based cropping systems in the lowland rice environment of Cambodia, have the potential to
 significantly increase the income of smallholder farmer producers. While the GY of the legumes in these field experiments was relatively low (between 200 and 600 kg/ha), the gross value were often significantly better than that from rice. With an average peanut yield of 500 kg/ha the gross value was US$ 893/ha, while for mungbean the return ranged from between US$ 300 and US$ 900/ha, compared with US$ 595/ha for a rice crop with an average yield of 2500 kg/ha. For mungbean, the use of raised beds prevents water-logging, while weekly furrow irrigation was found to be adequate to ensure reasonable final yields. Over the cropping season mungbean required a total water application of approximately 270 mm, while for peanuts the requirement was about 345 mm. Further research is needed on aspects of varietal performance and pest management for both mungbean and peanut in the lowland rice based cropping systems of Cambodia.


Utopian thinking has been a constant in the formulation of political movements as well as in the shaping of individual rights. The revolutions of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries offered notable examples of societies articulated through lofty ideas in which the redistribution of wealth and greater political participation were a common sign. However, these apparent coincidences concealed differences in approach and conception, as we show in the analysis of the ideas of James Harrington and Gracchus Babeuf.
Received: 05.12.2020Accepted: 21.12.2020


In aquaculture hatcheries, egg disinfection is commonly employed as a mortality mitigation and disease management tool. In addition, disinfection protocols are utilized in research facilities, as a means to create axenic and gnotobiotic larval models. For the latter, a complete sterilization of the eggs is warranted. Multiple research groups have tested various disinfectants in fish eggs adopting different protocols and a range of parameters to evaluate their efficacy and safety. However, there is a clear lack of a critical review listing these different studies and stressing the advantages and shortcomings of the protocols and adopted disinfectants. This review provides a commented survey of the findings/experiments on the most frequently used and upcoming disinfecting products, the protocols in which they are included and their purposes with emphasis on decreasing bacterial and/or fungal load, underscoring the benefits and the limitations of each product. Supplemented with a critical note, this review assists both aquaculturists and researchers in making an informed choice. Moreover, it will help stakeholders to identify the gaps in knowledge where future research on egg disinfection is needed.


The prevalence of anaemia among children aged between 6 to 24 months remains relatively high (48%) in Sri Lanka. Identification of the anaemic risk factors among children is important to develop appropriate interventions. The aim of the present study was to identify the risk factors for anemia among 6 to 24 month old children in eastern province. The present study was conducted as a cross-sectional study in Batticalo and Ampara districts. A sample of 456 subjects aged between 6 to 24 months children were selected using a cluster random sampling method. A pre tested structured interviewer administrated questionnaire was used to identify the risk factors associate with anaemia among children. Socio economic (SE), child feeding practices (CFP), mother nutrition knowledge (MNK), communicable diseases on previous month (CDPM), water, sanitation and home gardening practices (WSH), and mother and child nutrition status (MCN) were considered as 6 main indicators to identify the risk factors. The HaemoCue method was used to measure haemoglobin concentration, and anaemia was defined as haemoglobin <11g/dl. Weight and height were taken to assess the nutrition status of the children. A single 24 hour recall was also performed to assess nutrient intake of the children. The overall prevalence of anaemia among the study group was 79% and 4% was severely anaemic. SE, CFP, MNK, CDPM, WSH, MCN indicators were identified as risk factors for anaemia and they were significantly associated (p<0.01) with low hemoglobin levels among the children. Dietary iron intake from the food of non anaemic children was significantly higher than anaemic children. In conclusion Factors that were significantly associated with anaemia were socio economic, child feeding practices, mother nutrition knowledge, communicable diseases, water, sanitation and home gardening , and mother and child nutritional status. CFP and SE indicators were strongly associated with anaemic children than other indicators.


Currently, emerging pollutants (EC) are a topic of interest, because they are compounds of chemical origin and nature other than conventional ones that are not eliminated in the different processes in wastewater treatment plants. These have gone unnoticed by the low concentrations in which they are found and that is why there were no analytical techniques that will detect them, nor regulations that regulate them. In addition to this, the problem generated by emerging pollutants in human health and the impacts it generates on the environment is not known in great depth. Among the emerging pollutants, we find triclosan that is used in a wide variety of personal care products and caffeine that is generally used in energy drinks that in turn are expelled through urine, drains and pipes that eventually end up in the waters domestic residuals. Therefore, not being eliminated in the treatment plants, these pollutants represent threats to human health such as cancer and depression, in terms of environmental damage there is soil contamination, death of amphibious species, among others. In this work, three treatments are carried out, such as conventional SODIS, SODIS/TiO2 and the combination of a reactor with a UV lamp to which the sample is incorporated together with TiO2. Once each of the different treatments is carried out, it is evident that the most representative treatment for caffeine attenuation corresponds to the second, since the COT represents a decrease as well as in the SUVA values of 2.3 mg / L in an exposure time of 6 hours at a temperature of 19 ° C.


Most theories of nationalism presume a causal link between 'culture' and 'identity' in the analysis of nationalism. This article argues for a more contingent linkage while drawing conclusions for the 'globalization of cultures-national identity' nexus in different theoretical domains. It goes on to review core assumptions about transnational identity formation, arguing that a distinctive phenomenon is a tendency to approach identities as strategic resources. This has significant impact on, for example, perceptions of boundaries and images of belonging. Finally, the article addresses central figurations between identity, globalization and European integration, in the context of the European Union viewed as an instrument for proactively handling transnational problems, and it proposes some salient differences between this 'Euronationalism' and nationalism in more traditional formats.


Two-mode nonlinear coherent states are introduced in this paper. The pair coherent states and the two-mode Perelomov coherent states are special cases of the two-mode nonlinear coherent states. The exponential form of the two-mode nonlinear coherent states is given. The photon-added or photon-subtracted two-mode nonlinear coherent states are found to be two-mode nonlinear coherent states with different nonlinear functions. The parity coherent states are introduced as examples of two-mode nonlinear coherent states, and they are superpositions of two corresponding coherent states. We also discuss how to generate the parity coherent states in the Kerr medium. PACS numbers: 42.50.Dv, 03.65.Db Typeset using REVTEX email:firstname.lastname@example.com, or email@example.com, Recieved 31. 1. 2000, Revised 30. 3. 2000, Accepted 2. 4. 2000 in Optics Communications by Wolfgang P. Schleich, Editor, Editor's number: WS 1744 1


OBJECTIVES
Under the present liver transplant policy, patients with the highest risk of death receive preference for organ placement. The aim of this study was to evaluate the Model for End-stage Liver Disease (MELD) and seven prognostic derivatives of this test for outcome prediction in cirrhotic patients on liver transplant wait lists.

MATERIAL AND METHODS
The study included 416 patients (65.9% male; age 49 ± 13.9 years) who were entered to liver transplant wait lists from January 2013 to October 2016. Study endpoints were 3-month, 6-month, and 1-year mortality.

RESULTS
All prognostic models had acceptable overall performances (0.12 < Brier score < 0.21). The MELD-to-serum sodium ratio test outperformed its counterparts at all 3 endpoints. Estimated C statistics ranged from 0.77 to 0.83. The largest value at 3 months was for the 5-variable MELD score (0.83), and the largest value at 6 months (0.82) and 1 year (0.83) was for the MELD-albumin score. The Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test and calibration plots revealed underestimation for the entire range of predicted risk (P < .001). With decision curve analysis, the MELD-to-serum sodium ratio and United Kingdom Model for End-Stage Liver Disease scoring tests covered the most extensive range of optimal threshold probabilities.

CONCLUSIONS
Although some derivations, including sodium and albumin, showed effective prioritization of liver transplant candidates, poor calibration statistics highlighted the need for a recalibration process as an inevitable prerequisite before daily clinical use of these tests at the individual level.


The presentation reported preliminary results of a research project to evaluate the current state of book conservation and repair in research libraries. Following a review of the literature, the authors administrated an anonymous, web-based survey to practitioners of general and special collections book conservation and repair in research libraries. The survey requested basic demographic information about the respondents and their institutions, and gathered details about their book conservation and repair practices. The authors analyzed the results and identified which treatments the survey data showed to be standard practice. In addition, some relationships between the demographic characteristics of respondents and treatment practices were noted.


In November or December 1528 a citizen of Lyon was digging the foundations for a house on the northern outskirts of the town. In so doing he turned up the bronze tablet known to us as the Claudian Tablet. This document, copied from the Acta Senatus and displayed in the federal district at Lugudunum, is a verbatim report of the speech pronounced by Claudius in the Senate in a.d. 48 in favour of the admission to that body of certain Gallic chieftains. Forty-one years after its discovery a historian first placed it alongside the literary version of this same speech which we find in the Annals of Tacitus (xi. 24), and we have not yet exhausted the lessons which this vital juxtaposition can offer us. It is not very often that we are able to look over the shoulder of an ancient writer and see how he wields paste and scissors and box of paints. It is therefore with anticipation and relief that we turn to an undeniably authentic document known, in its original version, to Tacitus, and try to measure the historian's fidelity in using it.


: We consider turn-based game arenas for which we investigate uniformity properties of strategies. These properties involve bundles of plays, that arise from some semantical motive. Typically, we can represent constraints on allowed strategies, such as being observation-based. We propose a formal language to specify uniformity properties and demonstrate its relevance by rephrasing various known problems from the literature. Note that the ability to correlate different plays cannot be achieved by any branching-time logic if not equipped with an additional modality, so-called R in this contribution. We also study an automated procedure to synthesize strategies subject to a uniformity property, which strictly extends existing results based on, say standard temporal logics. We exhibit a generic solution for the synthesis problem provided the bundles of plays rely on any binary relation definable by a finite state transducer. This solution yields a non-elementary procedure.


Exponential integrators are explicit methods for solving ordinary differential equations that treat linear behaviour exactly. The stiff-order conditions for exponential integrators derived in a Banach space framework by Hochbruck and Ostermann are solved symbolically by expressing the Runge--Kutta weights as unknown linear combinations of phi functions. Of particular interest are embedded exponential pairs that efficiently generate both a high- and low-order estimate, allowing for dynamic adjustment of the time step. A key requirement is that the pair be robust: if the nonlinear source function has nonzero total time derivatives, the order of the low-order estimate should never exceed its design value. Robust exponential Runge--Kutta (3,2) and (4,3) embedded pairs that are well-suited to initial value problems with a dominant linearity are constructed.


Background: Wheeze is common in early life and often transient. It is difficult to identify which children will experience persistent symptoms and subsequently develop asthma. Machine learning approaches have the potential for better predictive performance and generalisability over existing childhood asthma prediction models. Objective: To apply machine learning approaches for predicting school-age asthma (age 10) in early life (Childhood Asthma Prediction in Early life, CAPE model) and at preschool age (Childhood Asthma Prediction at Preschool age, CAPP model). Methods: Data on clinical symptoms and environmental exposures were collected from children enrolled in the Isle of Wight Birth Cohort (N=1368, ~15% asthma prevalence). Recursive Feature Elimination (RFE) identified the optimal subset of features predictive of school-age asthma for each model. Seven state-of-the-art machine learning classification algorithms were used to develop the models and the results were compared. To optimize the models, training was performed by applying 5-fold cross-validation, imputation and resampling. Predictive performances were evaluated on the test set and externally validated in the Manchester Asthma and Allergy Study (MAAS) cohort. Results: RFE identified eight and 12 predictors for the CAPE and CAPP models, respectively. The best predictive performance was demonstrated by a Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm for both the CAPE model (area under the receiver operating curve, AUC=0.71) and CAPP model (AUC=0.82). Both models demonstrated good generalisability in MAAS (CAPE 8YR=0.71, 11YR=0.71, CAPP 8YR=0.83, 11YR=0.79). Conclusion: Using machine learning approaches improved upon the predictive performance of existing regression-based models, with good generalisability and ability to rule in asthma.


This study investigated thermally stabilized lead-contaminated silica at 300–900 °C, and the heated samples were leached with combined acid (H2SO4 + HNO3, precursors of acid rain). The leached residues were studied with x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) technique to determine the lead speciation therein. The results indicated that after heating at 300 °C, the main lead speciation in the leached residue was PbSO4 (43%), and PbO and Pb3O4 constituted another 53%. For the samples heated at 700 °C and 900 °C, the main lead speciation in the leached residue was PbO (about 77% of the total lead in both leached residues), and PbSO4 only accounted for 22–23% in the residues. No Pb(NO3)2 was detected in the residues due to its high solubility.


The report evidently focuses on global aspects of ozone, and the Antarctic ozone hole is just one part. But it is mainly in the Antarctic, where the extreme cold and unique atmospheric circulation of the southern spring occur, that the evidence for drastic decreases in ozone is unequivocal and where, because of direct measurements of the chemical composition of the statosphere during the Antarctic ozone expeditions, the primary responsibility for ozone depletion can be assigned to CFCs. Small decreases in ozone have been found over the rest of the globe, but they are not yet alarming since they are comparable to natural variations. In fact, most of the decrease in ozone in the Northern Hemisphere from 1979 to 1985 appears to have been associated with the 11-year sunspot cycle and with the reduction in ultraviolet radiation emitted from the sun during that period. As well, previously published reports of much larger decreases in ozone amounts were biased by drift in the calibration of the satellite instruments used, as the executive summary explains.


Background. Hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) recipients who develop coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), have dismal prognosis with approximately 20% mortality. Given the lack of a specific and effective therapy, the availability of various vaccination platforms against SARS-CοV-2 has generated optimism towards the development of a robust herd immunity. Notwithstanding the prioritization of HCT recipients to COVID-19 vaccination, limited information is available on whether and to what extent, they mount an immune response to SARS-CοV-2 vaccination as they were generally excluded from vaccination trials.

 Aim. To gain insights in the immune responses developed to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines under immunosuppression, we studied the humoral and cellular immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in HCT recipients.

 Methods. We prospectively studied (April-July 2021), adult patients who had undergone HCT in our Unit and received two doses of a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (as per international guidelines) after providing written informed consent. Responses were studied before each vaccination dose and 12-51 days later after the second dose. Neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 (CoV-2-NAbs) were measured using an FDA approved methodology for diagnostic use (ELISA, cPass™ SARS-CoV-2 NAbs Detection Kit; GenScript, Piscataway, NJ, USA; cut-off value for a positive result set at ≥30%) and SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific T cells (spike-STs) by interferon-γ Elispot after pulsing peripheral blood mononuclear cells with spike pepmixes.

 Results. Humoral responses were studied on 65 patients, (50 allo-HCT/15 auto-HCT, Figure A). T cell responses were measured on 38/65 vaccinated patients (32 allo-HCT/6 auto-HCT) with a median of 3 (0.17-31) and 2 years (1.25-8) post allo- and auto-HCT respectively, and 19 healthy, unexposed vaccinees. One patient with prior COVID-19, was excluded from analysis. All patients were vaccinated with the Pfizer-BioNTech, except for 2 vaccinated with the AstraZeneca vaccine. Both CoV-2-NAbs and spike-STs were barely detectable before vaccination but could be detected in both allo- and auto-HCT patients after the first vaccination dose, reaching statistically significant increase after the second vaccination dose (p<0.001 and p=0.036, respectively). Circulating spike-STs in allo-HCT recipients, although present, were lower over their counterparts in healthy volunteers (p<0.001) and auto-HCT patients (p=0.080). In the latter patient cohort, the rather long period post auto-HCT (≥1.25 years for all patients) might have generated unintended bias towards elevated immune responses. The longer time post HCT in all patients was associated with increased CoV-2-NAbs and spike-STs (p=0.004 and p=0.030). Allo-HCT recipients under immunosuppression had lower levels of CoV-2-NAbs and spike-STs after the booster dose compared to patients off-treatment (Figure B and C, p<0.001 and p=0.021 respectively). In particular, only 50% and 40% of patients on systemic immunosuppression reached adequate CoV-2-Nab and spike-ST levels after the second dose, as compared to 98% and 94% of immunosuppression-free patients. One allo-HCT recipient with failure to mount any immune response post booster vaccination, developed 40 days later COVID-19 infection and succumbed. The one allo-HCT recipient off treatment who did not elicit protective immune response after vaccination, was suffering from metabolic syndrome, a potentially immunosuppressive entity. Overall, there was a good correlation between humoral and T-cellular responses (p=0.013), although few cases were observed with sufficient T-cell response but no humoral reactivity and vice versa.

 Conclusion
 . Herein, we report for first time humoral and T cell responses post SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in HCT recipients. Transplant recipients not under active and intense immunosuppression at the time of vaccination may benefit significantly from COVID-19 vaccination even though these responses are blunted compared to healthy individuals. However, for the severely immunocompromised patients it seems highly unlikely that they could be protected by vaccination and for this vulnerable population, different vaccination schemes or therapeutic platforms should be developed along with collateral measures including minimal exposure and immunization of caregivers and health care providers.

 Figure 1

 Disclosures

 Gavriilaki:
 Alexion, Omeros, Sanofi Corporation: Consultancy; Pfizer Corporation: Research Funding; Gilead Corporation: Honoraria. Yannaki:
 SANDOZ: Speakers Bureau; Gilead: Speakers Bureau; Novartis: Speakers Bureau; bluebird bio, Inc.: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding. Anagnostopoulos:
 Abbvie: Other: clinical trials; Sanofi: Other: clinical trials ; Ocopeptides: Other: clinical trials ; GSK: Other: clinical trials; Incyte: Other: clinical trials ; Takeda: Other: clinical trials ; Amgen: Other: clinical trials ; Janssen: Other: clinical trials; novartis: Other: clinical trials; Celgene: Other: clinical trials; Roche: Other: clinical trials; Astellas: Other: clinical trials .


Computational Thinking has recently returned into the limelight as an essential skill to have for both the general public and disciplines outside Computer Science. It encapsulates those thinking skills integral to solving complex problems using a computer, thus widely applicable in our technological society. Several public initiatives such as the Hour of Code successfully introduced it to millions of people of different ages and backgrounds, mostly using Blocks Programming Environments like Scratch that lower the barriers of programming and facilitate learning. In this paper we present our arguments for fostering Computational Thinking skills using a Blocks Programming Environment augmented with a Tangible User Interface, namely by exploiting objects whose interactions with the physical environment are mapped to digital actions performed on the system. Our demonstration includes a working prototype implementing our Tangible Blocks Programming Environment called TAPAS.


Nina S. Roberts, Ph.D., Professor San Francisco State University A dynamic educator and well-known, vibrant speaker, Nina is a professor in the department of Recreation, Parks, & Tourism at San Francisco State University. She is a Fulbright Scholar and experiential educator whose social science research in cultural diversity and parks has been vital to public land managers and community partners. Nina is also director of the Pacific Leadership Institute, an outdoor adventure program in partnership with the Golden Gate National Recreation Area. Her perspectives on diversity, national parks, and use/non-use of public lands have been widely shared through interviews with CNN.com, Boston Globe, L.A. Times, NBC News Bay Area, New America Media, The New York Times, and Public Radio International. She is featured in the landmark book Black and Brown Faces in America's Wild Places, and is well published including numerous journal articles and book chapters about constraints to park use, social and environmental justice, women and girls outdoors, and youth development. Her work provides leaders, park managers and partners with ideas and resources needed to respond more effectively to changing demographics and social trends across the U.S.


Aluminum pigment powders were encapsulated by in-situ polymerization of acrylic acid so as to improve the corrosion resistance. The resulting encapsulated samples were characterized by means of infrared spectroscopy, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and granularity analysis. The influence of the encapsulation extent on the corrosion resistance and luster of the aluminum pigment powders was investigated. It was found that the corrosion resistance of the aluminum pigment powders could be effectively improved by encapsulation with in-situ polymerization of acrylic acid. The optimum condition for the in-situ polymerization was determined as temperature of 98 ℃, time of 1.0 h, initiator amount of 1.0 g, and isopropanol amount of 2.0 g. In particular, the aluminum pigment powders with an encapsulation extent of 10% had good corrosion resistance and luster.


In the paper fatigue specimens are extracted from different regions of cast aluminum cylinder heads produced by two foundries. A high strength region and a low strength region were identified within the cylinder head and the A356-T6 material locally characterized in terms of microstructure and defect population. High cycle fatigue testing according to a reduced staircase method was performed to determine the local fatigue strength at 107 cycles in the cylinder heads of the two foundries. The implications of the experimental observations are discussed.


AbstractAs high speed machining is becoming more and more important in modern machines shops, generating efficient cutter path for high speed machining is highly desirable. For this type of path, it should have the least number of sharp turns as well as the second derivatives along the path is controllable is preferred. Archimedean spirals have no sharp turn, and the step-over between adjacent segments can also be controlled to a predefined value. A clothoid spiral has the property that the second derivative varies linearly with the length of the curve. Therefore, these spiral curves can be used to generate paths with constant cutter engagement values as well as maintain smooth movements while performing cornering and linking movements. In this paper, we will introduce a detailed approach which covers a 2D region in a very efficient manner by using the combination of Archimedean and clothoid spirals.


Objective: To investigate the inhibitory effect of celecoxib combined with pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) on human gastric cancer cell line SGC-7901, and its mechanism thereof. Methods: SGC-7901 cells were treated in vitro with celecoxib (50 and 100 μmol/L),PDTC (50 and 100 μmol/L) and 2-drug combination (25/25 and 50/50 μmol/L) respectively. The methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay was used to measure the growth inhibition rate of cells. TUNEL assay was used to measure the in situ apoptosis of gastric cancer cells. The expression levels of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), nuclear factor (NF)-κB and caspase-3 mRNA were detected by RT-PCR. Results: The growth of gastric cancer cells were inhibited after 72 h treatment with celecoxib,PDTC or 2-drug combination (P 0.05), but there was no significant difference in the growth inhibition rate between combination group (25/25 μmol/L) and celecoxib group (50 μmol/L, P 0.05). There was a higher inhibitory effect in combination group (50/50 μmol/L) than that of single drug group (100 μmol/L, P 0.01). After 24-h treatment by celecoxib (100 μmol/L),PDTC (100 μmol/L) or 2-drug combination(50/50 μmol/L),the apoptosis index was significantly higher than that of negative control,and there was a higher apoptosis index in 2-drug combination group than that of single drug group (P 0.01). The expression levels of COX-2 and NF-kB were decreased (P 0.05), when cells were exposed to celecoxib (100 μmol/L) or PDTC (100 μmol/L) for 12 hours. The expresion level of caspass-3 was increased when cells were exposed to celecoxib(100 μmol/L), PDTC(100 μmol/L) and 2-drug combination(P 0.05). Conclusion: Combination of celecoxib and PDTC can inhibit the proliferation and promote the apoptosis of gastric cancer cells, which may be associated with inhibition of NF-κB and COX-2 expression,and the promotion of the expression of caspase-3.


The background interference can not be neglected during the analysis of trace amount Pu isotopic abundance ratio.Previous works did not indicate perfectly the source of background interference. New interpretation of source has been put forward in this article,which background maybe come from the combination of Re ion with impurity elements Cr,Fe of metal Re filament for sample,and the verification has also been carried out from the theoretical and experimental aspects.Firstly,the structure, potential energy and the thermodynamic parameters of CrRe~+、FeRe~+ ions have been simulated through Gaussian03 Program,and the calculation result means that these ions can exist after forming.Secondly, the spectrum from mass range 237 to 243 has been scanned by TIMS after sampling Cr,Fe respectively, the mass spectrum figures show that the intensities of corresponding peaks from sample filament is larger than those from blank filament.Therefore,a conclusion can be drown that the background interference source in the mass range of 237 to 243 should be the diatomic compound molecule,which are the combination between the metal Re ions and impurity elements Cr,Fe of sample filament during the trace amount Pu isotopic abundance ratio analysis.This study can help us to take measurement to reduce the background interference and increase the accuracy of experimental data.


The article introduces the application of Changxiang rich client technique in resource integration with OPAC system.After "Changxiang" rich client plug-in downloaded and installed,convenient searching of library catalogue,network database and self-established database can be done in OPAC system,which integrates resource of library for readers.


Purpose: Testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT) are the most common solid organ malignancy in young men. It is a largely curable disease, so the extent to which it affects quality of life—including male fertility—is important. Abnormal semen analysis is highly predictive of male infertility. We conducted a systematic review of published studies that reported pre-orchiectomy semen parameters (as a surrogate for fertility) in TGCT patients to evaluate the association between TGCT and semen abnormalities before orchiectomy. Methods: We conducted a systematic review of peer-reviewed publications reporting semen parameters before orchiectomy in adult patients diagnosed with TGCT. Further, we assessed the association between TGCT and semen abnormalities that may lead to infertility. Results: We applied MeSH search terms to four online databases (PubMed, Cochrane Reviews, Web of Science, and Ovid), resulting in 701 potentially relevant citations. After conducting a three-stage screening process, six articles were in...


Summary: The paper examines the normative substance and functional roles of the legal concept of (human) dignity in the jurisprudence of the Constitutional Court of Croatia. In these two aspects, the Constitutional Court's dignity jurisprudence is compared with the jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights, the Court of Justice of the European Union, and high (constitutional and supreme) courts of other European states.


Results of investigations into special aluminium bronzes for tools to sheet metal forming of stainless steels are presented. Three melts were made of special aluminium bronzes based on CuAl, CuAlFeMn and CuAlFeNi containing about 13% aluminium. These alloys were put to microscopic examinations at the state of delivery and after heat treatment and some of their cold and hot mechanical properties have been determined


In this paper we analyze a singular heat equation of the form ϑt + �ϑ −1 = f . The singular term ϑ −1 gives rise to very fast diffusion effects. The equation is settled in a smooth bounded domain � ⊂ R 3 and complemented with a general dynamic boundary condition of the form αϑt − β� � ϑ = ∂nϑ −1 ,w here� � is the Laplace-Beltrami operator and α and β are non-negative coefficients (in particular, the homogeneous Neumann case given by α = β = 0 is included). For this problem, we first introduce a suitable weak formulation and prove a related existence result. For more regular initial data, we show that there exists at least one weak solution satisfying instantaneous regularization effects which are uniform with respect to the time variable. In this improved regularity class, uniqueness is also shown to hold.


To determine the prevalence of Temperamental and Behavioural problems in pre-school children and to assess the nature of these problems and their relationship with socio-demographic variables in the schools of Jaipur. A specially designed Performa including the Socio-Demographic data, Pre-School Behaviour Checklist (PBCL) by Richman & Graham (1971) and Temperament Scale of Developmental Psychopathology (DPCL) by Malvika Kapur, Uma H & Girimaje S. R. (1992). was sent to the parents of 300 children between the age group of 3 to 5 years from various schools of Jaipur These children were studying in LKG, UKG, Prep.. Data was analysed by both parametric and non parametric statistics. Deviant behaviours of PBCL were reported in 68(36%) in children. High DPCL scores 65(34%) reported in children. Male children (73%) have more temperamental deviant behaviours as compared to deviant behaviours on PBCL (19%). Deviant behaviours on temperament scale of DPCL were also higher in children who were either first child 19(46%) or last child 44(41%) or only child 28(27%). (x2 =4.1405, p>0.5). Occupation of the mother was found to influence the development of deviant behaviours (71%) on both the scales. Pre-School children do suffer from a high prevalence of behaviour and temperament problems. The existing familial, social and cultural norms directly or indirectly influence the psychosocial development of the child. Thus, it is necessary to have a congenial family environment.


In the lock-down period, the islanding mode of operation with droop controllers has several advantages in the alternating current grid. This study focuses on an improvised droop controller. It consists of an advanced filtering segment embedded with a conventional droop controller, which overcomes the drawback of droop controllers of the non-handling of non-linear loads in an ordinary situation. A selective harmonic elimination technique in grid-connected mode and lock-down mode and an advanced filter embedded with droop control are used so that the proposed controller can also work as an Active Harmonic Filter (AHF). The simulation results in different cases show that the proposed controller can control the active and reactive power in the lock-down period as well as the harmonics in the normal period up to an extent.


Objective To investigate the association between mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), calf circumference (CC) and all-cause mortality in a Chinese population. Design Prospective cohort study. Setting Eight long-term care facilities in central Taiwan. Participants A total of 329 residents age 60 years and older (median 79.0 years, range 60–101; 139 men, 190 women) were enrolled. Methods Anthropometrics and metabolic parameters were measured at the time of enrolment to the study. Mean MUAC and CC were 24.2±3.4 cm and 27.5±4.3 cm, respectively. Mortality data were obtained from the Department of Health in Taiwan. Main outcome measure To identify the association between all-cause mortality and MUAC or CC. Results There were 255 deaths during the 7-year follow-up period. After adjusting for age, sex, cigarette smoking, betel nut chewing, alcohol use, Karnofsky Performance Status Scale score, serum albumin level, hypertension and diabetes mellitus, subjects in the highest tertile of MUAC (27.8±2.2 cm) and CC (32.1±2.6 cm) had a significantly lower mortality rate than did subjects in the lowest tertile (MUAC 20.6±1.7 cm; CC 22.8±1.9 cm). The adjusted HR for all-cause mortality in the highest versus lowest MUAC tertile was 0.64 (95% CI 0.45 to 0.90). The adjusted HR for all-cause mortality in the highest versus lowest CC tertile was 0.51 (95% CI 0.35 to 0.74). Conclusions MUAC and CC are negative predictors for all-cause mortality in older Chinese adults living in long-term care facilities. Participants with higher MUAC and CC had lower all-cause mortality.


Based on the general flexibility planning framework presented by DeGroote(1994),this paper analyzes sources of environmental uncertainty in flexibility planning and proposes a real option approach to solve the general flexibility planning problem.Finally,a case study of single-product,multi-period,capacitated flexibility planning model is reported to illustrate the feasibility of the proposed approach.


This paper proposes a design method for an LCL filter in grid-side PWM rectifier, then it is modeled. The research in single-phase model transfer function of LCL filter is made to obtain the relation between resonance frequency, harmonic current amplitude attenuation factor and factor r—the ratio between grid-side and rectifier-side inductance. The total inductance, capacitance of filter and r can be selected by analyzing the change tendency of the variable relation figures. The analysis results indicate that the lower limit of the total inductance and capacitance of filter are determined by resonance frequency. Finally, a designed example is reported, and the validity of this method is tested by simulation.


Established by the Cherokee Nation in 1851 in present-day eastern Oklahoma, the nondenominational Cherokee Female Seminary was one of the most important schools in the history of American Indian education. Unusual among Indian schools because it was founded by neither the federal government nor by missionary agencies, the school offered a rigorous curriculum from elementary grades through high school that was patterned after that of Mount Holyoke Female Seminary. It offered no instruction in the Cherokee language or culture, but it was open only to full- and mixed-blood Cherokee girls. Many of the seminarians were acculturated Cherokees who welcomed the opportunity to study in an environment where "white ways" were held up as the ideal. More traditional Cherokees found the atmosphere oppressive. Devon Mihesuah explores the school's history, examining curriculum, faculty, administration, and educational philosophy and showing how these elements affected the 2,300 women who were educated there. A number of the seminary's graduates went on to study at colleges and universities across the country, becoming teachers, physicians, businesswomen, and social workers. Even those former students who did not seek careers exerted considerable influence within their families and in civic life. Cultivating the Rosebuds is a study of acculturation, assimilation, and tribal identity, sensitively delving into the differences between progressive and traditional Cherokees and the interactions between them. It also offers insights into the school's role in the tribe's cultural transitions, the changing roles of Cherokee women, and the impact of the students' experiences upon their tribe.


The invention discloses a composite heat generating agent for die steel, which is manufactured by processing the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 14-22% of magnesium powder, 9-11% of sodium nitrate, 22-30% of modified fly ash, 10-21% of brown iron oxide, 10-12% of silicon dioxide, 10-13% of sodium fluosilicate and 6-10% of acidized graphite; and the modified fly ash is formed by sequentially placing fly ash after being burnt in 20-25% sulphuric acid and 16-24% sodium hydroxide solution, stirring for 20-22hours, and then washing the fly ash filtered from a soda-acid immersion liquid with deionized water till being neutral, and determining by using PH test paper to test, and finally filtering and dry processing. The fly ash is modified, the dispersivity and surface area are increased, the heating and heat-insulating properties are further promoted, and simultaneously nano-ore powder further achieves the effect of purifying liquid steel.


In the context of transpiration cooling, a 1D porous medium model consisting of a temperature system and a mass-momentum system is derived from the 2D/3D Darcy-Forchheimer equations. The temperatures of the coolant and the solid are assumed to be in local nonequilibrium. This system is analytically verified to have a unique solution. Transpiration cooling simulations are performed by a two-domain approach, coupling the assembled 1D porous medium solutions with 2D solutions of a hot gas flow solver. A comparison of results obtained by applying the 1D porous medium model with the temperature system either including or neglecting fluid heat conduction justifies the use of the latter simplified system.


Methods of treating liver disease in a subject, including administering to the subject an effective amount of one or more modified green tea polyphenols to reduce, decrease, limit or prevent one or more symptoms of liver disease relative to an untreated control subject are provided. In a preferred embodiment the one or more modified green tea polyphenols are administered at a dose of 400 mg/kg body weight five times weekly. In some embodiments the disclosed methods further include administering to the subject one or more additional pharmaceutically active agents. In one embodiment the one or more additional pharmaceutically active agents is a chemotherapeutic agent.


INTRODUCTION
It remains a challenge to determine criteria according to which patients with asymptomatic carotid stenosis could be properly qualified for revascularization treatment. Carotid calcification assessment seems to be here quite attractive. The aim of the study was the histological analysis of various parameters of calcifications in human carotid plaques in relation to the symptomatic/asymptomatic nature of the lesions.

MATERIAL AND METHODS
The study involved carotid plaques taken from patients who have undergone endarterectomy of the internal carotid artery.

RESULTS
Calcified plaques (with enlarged calcifications) were significantly more frequently asymptomatic than non-calcified plaques. The remaining calcification characteristics played no role. Calcified lesions disclosed the dominance of the fibrous component and the small lipid core significantly more frequently than non-calcified plaques. The percentage of females in the patients group with calcified lesions was significantly higher than in the group with non-calcified plaques. The percentage of males was lower. The former patients group used statins and angiotensin inhibitors significantly more frequently than patients with non-calcified plaques. Enlarged calcifications were independently associated with the asymptomatic nature of the carotid plaques.

CONCLUSIONS
The enlargement of calcifications in carotid plaques is the only calcification parameter important for the clinical outcome of carotid atherosclerosis. Patients with calcified carotid plaques have a significantly lower risk of ischemic stroke than patients with non-calcified lesions.


During the course of product design the industrial designer ought to harmonize the relationships of a lot of systems between product and human being,product and environment,product and civilization,product and economic benefit etc.,then and only then could the designer be able to design a practical,economic,beautiful,safe and comfortable and green environmental new product.Along with the continuous renewal of digital technique,the young designers are more and more depending on the digital facilities to carrying out structural design and model manufacturing.In the transformation from abstractive numerals to virtual formation of product,human being is lacking the real feelings on the formation,thus there will naturally be many unreasonable places in the being designed product.Therefore while the industrial designer is at the same time enjoying the new technique of design and obtaining high efficiency of design should not ignore the fundamental mission of design and must face up to the reasonability of the traditional designing skill.It has been considered by this paper that during the designing stage of product structure,the manufacture of traditional preliminary model is not only the necessary measure for harmonizing the designer's contradictions between rationality and sensibility and between visual sense and sense of touch but also an important channel for lowering the designing cost.


Abstract: As we see on global arena most of the political leaders focus us on how to reduce carbon prints and make the planet a safer place to breathe. Though the focus on reducing pollution we hardly have technologies which focusses on reducing pollution, while reducing pollution is one aspect identifying source of pollution is another important aspect. Even though we intent to reduce pollution we still see there is lot of shortcomings. We intend to focus on how pollutants vary over a period of time and if there is any seasonal pattern, We also look forward to vary pollutants to see which pollutants causes variation in particle matter i.e Pm2.5 and Pm10. SARIMA modelling is used which mainly focuses on decomposing the data and giving the residual details. The RMSE is 10.97 which shows the model is efficient enough to predict the pollutants and particulate matter


Sentiment analysis has emerged as a field of study since the widespread of World Wide Web and internet. Opinion refers to withdrawal of lines or phrase in the unprocessed and immense data which express an opinion. Sentiment analysis further recognizes the polarity of the viewpoint being extricated. In this paper it is proposed that the sentiment analysis done by dictionary based approach. The consequence viewpoint is described as very high, high, moderate, low and very low.


A legal placement of Queens is any placement of Queens on an order N chessboard in which any two attacking Queens can be separated by a Pawn. The Queens independence separation number is the minimum number of Pawns which can be placed on an N ×N board to result in a separated board on which a maximum of m independent Queens can be placed. We prove that N + k Queens can be separated by k Pawns for large enough N and provide some results on the number of fundamental solutions to this problem. We also introduce separation relative to other domination-related parameters for Queens, Rooks, and Bishops.


Raman spectrum of diphenylcyclopropenone has been measured in various liquids including room temperature ionic liquids. We found a good linear correlation between the solvent acceptor number and th...


Objective To clarify the relationship between tumor necrosing factor(TNF) receptor-associated factor 2(TRAF2)gene deletion and liver failure and to explore the probable mechanism.Methods TRAF2 gene deficient mice(TRAF2~(lox/lox)/Cre~+,TRAF2~(lox/lox)/Cre~+/TNF~(-/-)) and control mice(TRAF2~(lox/lox)/Cre~-,TRAF2~(lox/lox)/Cre~-/TNF~(-/-))were simultaneously injected with PolyI:PolyC(300μL per injection one for 3 days,3 injections in succession)to induce TRAF2 gene knockout.The gene deletion was verified by polymerase chain reaction(PCR).The dynamic change of sera alanine aminotransferase(ALT)in animal model was investigated.These mice were sacrificed for liver when TRAF2~(lox/lox)/Cre~+ mice were severe sick and dying.Several pieces of liver tissues were speedily frozen,embedded by OCT and sectioned.Then,hematoxylin and eosin staining was performed.The pathological manifestation was investigated by light microscope.Expression of Fas and CD40 on hepatoeytes isolated from these mice' livers was determined by flow analyzers and cell sorters(FACS).The purified hepatocytes incubated with TNF(100μg/L)were stained by thiazolyl blue(MTT)at 30 rain,1 h,4 h和20 h respectively,then optics density values were determined.The proportion of viable hepatocytes was counted.Results TRAF2~(lox/lox)/Cre~+ mice were sick 5 to 9 days after injection with Poly(?):PolyC; and TRAF2 genes were successfully deleted.ALT started to increase at 2 days after injection,peaking at day 4(234.80±12.34)U/L and beginning to decrease before death.In TRAF2~(lox/lox)/Cre~+/TNF~(-/-) mice whose TRAF2 genes were also successfully deleted, although ALT levers also increased(90.30±15.63)U/L,the mice did not show any illness symptom up to day 15.Pathological results showed that there were obvious liver cells necrosis and inflamma- tion cells infiltration in TRAF2~(lox/lox)/Cre~+ mice livers.Moreover,Fas expression increased in TRAF2~(lox/lox)/Cre~+/TNF~(-/-)mice compared with that in control,hut CD40 decreased.Conclusions These results suggest that TRAF2 gene deletion can lead to hepatocytes death,and induce fulminant liver failure in mice.It is probably the reason why depletion of TRAF2 in hepatocytes sensitizes hepatocytes to TNF-mediated death


High‐frequency oscillation (HFO) has been recognized as an effective ventilatory strategy to minimize lung injury during respiratory support. Conventional mechanical ventilation (CMV) compared with HFO was shown to result in an increased number of PMNs and inflammatory cytokines in the lung lavage fluid. However how mechanical forces can be sensed by cells and converted into biochemical signals for intracellular signal transduction is still unknown. In this current study, we sought to determine whether the activation of Nuclear factor‐kappa B (NF‐κB) might be involved in the lung injury caused by CMV. Surfactant‐depleted Japanese white rabbits received 1‐ or 4‐hr CMV or 1‐ or 4‐hr HFO. Then, activation of NF‐κB in the lungs was assessed by conducting electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA). In the experiment with whole lungs, NF‐κB activity was much higher in the 4‐hr CMV lungs than in the 4‐hr HFO lungs. To clarify the origin of the cells in which NF‐κB was activated, we did a second lung lavage at the end of ventilation and washed out the cells that had infiltrated the alveoli. The levels of NF‐κB activity were the similar in the lungs of 4‐hr HFO rabbits and in those of 4‐hr CMV ones. On the other hand, NF‐κB activity was much higher in the 4‐hr CMV lungs than in the 4‐hr HFO lungs in the experiment with the lung lavage fluid cells. These results show that the increase in NF‐κB activity in the lungs of 4‐hr CMV rabbits was due mainly to the cells that had infiltrated the alveoli. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2007; 42:440–445. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


In smart homes, users do not have enough options to express their privacy preferences and decide who can see their data, when their data can be used, and which part of data they want to share and which part they do not want. We propose a framework that uses machine learning algorithms to determine for what purpose, to whom and with what level of details the information will be shared.


The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between monomer compositions and the changes in the degree of conversion in the various layers of composites after additional heat curing. Four types of composites and 3 types of inlay ovens were used in this study. Composite was placed in a 4-mm thick teflon mold, and light cured from the top for 60 seconds. Ten samples were prepared for each composite ; 5 of these were additionally heat cured in an inlay oven as the manufacturer recommended. After light curing or light and heat curing, the samples were sectioned into four parts and assigned to groups A, B, C, or D according to their distance from the light source. These sections were then thinned to 50-, and these wafers were analyzed with a Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer(FI-IR) to determine the degree of conversion. A standard baseline technique was used to calculate the degree of conversion. NMR spectra of bis-GMA, TEGDMA and bis-EMA, were acquired using a Varian Gemini spectrometer operated at 200 MHz. solvent was used for qualitative analysis. The degree of conversion was affected by bis-GMA : TEGDMA ratio but it seemed to be also affected by other factors. When the composites were heat cured, significant increases in the degree of conversion were noted throughout the samples, but the amount of increase differed between materials. Thus, clinical performance of a heat-treated composite inlay may be different depending on materials.


. Let $A$ denote the class of analytic functions $f(z)$ defined in the unit disc satisfying the condition $f(O)=f^{\prime}(0)-1=0$ . Let $\overline{S}^{*}(\beta,\gamma)$ be the class of strongly starlike functions of order $\beta$ and type $\gamma$ , and let $\overline{C}(\beta,\gamma)$ denote the class of strongly convex functions of order $\beta$ and type $\gamma$ . Certain new classes $\overline{S}_{\alpha}^{*}(\beta,\gamma)$ and $\overline{C}_{\alpha}(\beta,\gamma)$ are introduced by virtue of Ruscheweyh derivative and some properties of $\overline{S}_{\alpha}^{*}(\beta,\gamma)$ and $\overline{C}_{\alpha}(\beta,\gamma)$ are discussed.


It has now been >100 years since the seminal observations of Professor Tigerstedt and his medical student–colleague, Bergmann, demonstrated the pressor effects of renal extracts.1 The clinical relevance of these observations became more apparent with the classical experiments of Harry Goldblatt and his colleagues who demonstrated in the 1930s that inducing renal ischemia by ligation of a renal artery could cause hypertension in dogs.2 The identification of renin and angiotensin in the laboratories of Page and Helmer in Indianapolis3 and, virtually simultaneously, by Braun-Menendez and Fasciolo in Buenos Aires, Argentina,4 elucidated the mechanism involved.

The search for human counterparts of the experimental paradigm by which renal ischemia led to hypertension and its potential remediation soon followed with the application of the tedious biological assay for renin to venous blood samples obtained from the kidneys with stenotic lesions in vivo by Judson and Helmer.5 This introduced an era, encompassing the past 40 years, when the possibility of correcting this increasingly recognized secondary form of hypertension became feasible. A variety of techniques have now been devised to detect abnormalities of renal blood flow and to attempt to correct them by surgical means or with a variety of vascular interventions when found.

Although ischemic lesions of the main renal artery have received the overwhelming majority …


This study presents an extension of Niederhoffer's (1967) work on police cynicism, arguing that the effect of officer cynicism on problem behavior should vary by work environment (i.e., police districts, precincts, or similar organizational entities) in concert with differences in the "reality" of police work across those entities. It is argued that officers working in particular environments may experience greater difficulty returning to professional commitment, increasing the likelihood of cynicism taking hold and evolving toward an anomic condition. Furthermore, some environments may tend to "breed" cynicism. Using survey data collected from a sample of Philadelphia police officers, as well as official departmental records, this study examines the effects of officer cynicism and ecological characteristics of police districts on police problem behavior (PPB). Results indicate that although there is significant district-level variation in PPB, and cynicism predicts PPB while controlling for other officer characteristics, the effect of cynicism on PPB does not confirm ecological variation. Implications for theory, policy, and practice are discussed.


A rapid analysis of 5- to 6-g specimens (with Ra/sup 226/ content 7 x 10/ sup -12/ g and Th/sup 232/ 0.7 x 10/sup -6/ g) in a corundum crucible for specimen analysis with sodium peroxide and citric and hydrochloric acid for stabilizing the solution is described. Tabulated data for various rock specimens indicates a sufficient accuracy of the method. (R.V.J.)


Cadmium sulphide (CdS) nanorods were prepared by a single precursor thermal decomposition (SPTD) method. The formation of CdS nanorods and their structure, morphology and elemental composition were studied by means of FT-IR, XRD, FE-SEM, HR-TEM and EDAX analysis. Photoluminescence (PL) and lifetime measurements were recorded to study the luminescence properties of the material. The PL spectrum of the CdS nanorods showed one broad peak and four shoulders and the cause for this emission was discussed. The PL emissions from the band edge and deep trap state of the CdS nanorods were studied by lifetime measurements. Further, the synthesized CdS nanorods showed an increase in efficiency of photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) and rhodamine B (RhB). The increase in the photocatalytic activity was attributed to the mixed phase of the CdS nanorods.


Through the investigation in the 10 high school,we find that 10%of middle schools in Lincang have the educational course for the union of the ethnic groups,another 30% designed similar courses,and 80%have some activities related to the course.The reason for those without this kind of course is that there is too much teaching load,and they have no specialists and time for this course.Another reason is that there are few minority students in these schools. Therefore it is necessary for some schools to realize the importance of the course for the union of the ethnic groups.


To predict depression or mental health using smartphone-based sensor data is an ongoing research problem in the domain of mobile health (mHealth). We have created a scale, Depression Severity Index (DSI) to measure the level of depressive symptom of a set of students using their responses to the Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ9) and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). A secondary dataset of 48 college students collected over a 10-week period from the study StudentLife is used. It comprises smartphonebased global positioning system (GPS) data and various survey data on personality, depression, loneliness, sleep quality, stress etc. Further, we have developed two predictive model one using logistic regression and other using K-Nearest Neighbour (KNN) classifier to predict depressive symptom severity in the students based on the characteristics of their movement as derived from the GPS data. Depressive symptom severity is estimated from their responses to the survey questionnaire. The prediction result is validated using k-fold cross-validation method. The results show that the characteristics of their movements are significantly correlated with their mental health scores like PHQ9, and PSS. The findings in this study are consistent with those reported in the literature. It points to a novel application of the smartphone sensor data to develop an early warning system for mental health issues.


The paper is devoted to analyze of the witness institution in criminal legal proceedings in Russia. In particular, some of the problems of citizen participation as witnesses in the investigative actions limiting their constitutional rights are reflected. On the bases of carried out research study the authors position is expressed, as well as the suggestions about the need for changes in the fourth part and add the fifth part of article 60 of the current version of the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation.


The purpose of this study was to evaluate the proction and composition (solid non fat and lactose) of crossbred Ettawa goats' milk raised at Genggelang Village, East Lombok district by giving gliricidia septum leaf as a sole diet. This study used fresh milk of 6 crossbred ettawa goats does (The third lactation period l with the average initial body weight of 40.7 ± 4,3 kg and 2,5-3 years old. Milk productions were measured by hand milking for one month and milk compositions were analyzed using AOAC method (1970) Each sample was a mixture of 6 does in each week. The data were analyzed using Arithmatic mean, and then discussed Deskriptvely The results showed that average milk production per goal per day was 867 ± 74 ml, with 2,14 ± 0,94% lactose dry matter without fat 11,99 ± 2,44%. These results were slightly lower than generally published value although, dry matter consumption exceeded requirement based on value recommended by Kartadisastra (1977). However this results in accordance to standard of milk quality as recommended by SIN, Dirjenak and Milk Codex.


Although Australia is a nation of great opportunity, this is not always the case for many Pacific high school students from low socio economic status (low-SES) backgrounds in Logan City, Australia. Many Pacific Island young people continue to be under-represented in tertiary education and over-represented in low skilled, low paid employment (Kearney & Glen, 2017; Ravulo, 2015, 2018, 2019; Ravulo, Said, Micsko, & Purchase, 2020). This qualitative study explored the lives and experiences of Pacific high school students that shaped their (a) aspirations for university study, (b) pursuit of these aspirations, and (c) participation at university.
Thirty-one students participated in six semi-structured year-level-specific focus groups referred to as talanoa circles. Of this group, eight students participated in semi-structured interviews three years later which provided rich data on their lived experiences that supported, or not, their participation at university. Van Manen's (1990) phenomenological approach was applied to better understand the essences of participants' lived experiences. It also examined the relationships and experiences influencing student aspirations, aligned with Bronfenbrenner's (1995, 2005) bioecological model.
The study found that while participants aspired to attend university to fulfil their parents' migrant dream, their sense of responsibility to the collective group, more specifically their family and community, outweighed their aspirations. This greatly influenced the decisions and pathways young people pursued on completion of high school, many times at the expense of their participation at university. The learnings from this study contribute to the very limited literature on Pacific high school students' experiences in Australia and adds to the body of knowledge available on the influences of aspiration for Pacific students. It also provides practical contributions for families, schools/universities and government to better support more positive outcomes for Pacific young people.


In 2011, the March 11 event in Japan (a major earthquake, tsunami, and nuclear accident) has entirely reversed the sense of reality and values of Japanese people. In an attempt to deal with this catastrophe, scientists, medical experts, politicians, sociologists, and journalists have taken concrete and effective measures. With regard to humanities, what effective contribution can be made by this discipline, which, in different ways, aims to question the activities of humanity? Catastrophic events constitute historical moments in which the limits between humans and nature, humans and civilization, and humans and history are the most exposed, thus forcing us to radically rethink these concepts and our reality. Indeed, language and imagination are powerless against catastrophes. However, it is only after being exposed to the experience of powerlessness that we can turn to a reality that cannot be responded to without language and image.


We describe how to create a continuous global index of the surface of the Earth. The index is based on a hierarchical subdivision of the surface into triangular regions in which each region is assigned a numerical label according to a spacefilling curve. Sequential labels are assigned to adjacent regions, so labels can be sorted to create a continuous one-dimensional index. Benefits of continuity include the implicit preservation of adjacency information, and the ability to vary resolution at different locations. Previously suggested schemes based on similar models produce indices that are discontinuous. Unfortunately, discontinuities degrade the usefulness of an index, as we show by comparing continuous and discontinuous schemes based on performance criteria such as the ability to preserve spatial adjacency. The best index appears to be the continuous one based on the Sierpinski spacefilling curve.


As a new faculty member, the author has approached development of course lectures and assignments as a research project. The goal of the project was to explore the current literature in engineering education, identify the attributes of a graduate engineer most desired by industry, and then design a teaching plan with these attributes as the desired outcomes. Presented for consideration is the idea of Systems Based Learning (SBL). Motivation for the SBL approach comes from discussions with engineering managers Who describe their most valued engineers as people who can think and communicate from a systems point of view. The most sought-after engineers have an ability to identify the big picture and the possible solution trajectories, pulling together information and ideas from any field, integrating design parameters from many disciplines, and using feedback to guide their work. In an innovation-driven global economy on a resource-limited planet, effective engineers must think along many trajectories simultaneously. A systems-oriented educational approach is proposed, and a .conceptual model for teaching SBL is presented. Experience with implementation of the methodology for courses in Mechanical Engineering is given.


For non-obese IGT, frequency of 1st degree DM relatives was 29.9%, a rate higher than normal. NIDDM development rate was higher in IGT with family history of DM (86.9/1000 PY) than in IGT without family history (75.4/1000PY). For IGT-2 (2hr. PG > or = 170 mg/dl), the rate was higher in the group with family history (140.1/1000 PY) than that without family history (113.6/1000 PY). The odds ratio for NIDDM was 1.76 with obesity and 1.55 with family history. With regard to the natural course, plasma glucose (PG) increased slowly with rising of IRI over a long period, then PG increased suddenly without rising IRI and reached NIDDM onset. From these results, intervention trials for prevention of NIDDM are possible during long glucose-intolerance period.


Abstract. True wireworms (Coleoptera: Elateridae) and false wireworms (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) are common pests of cotton (Gosssypium hirsutum L.) on the Texas High Plains. Wireworms as larvae damage cotton by feeding on the roots, hypocotyl, and cotyledon and reducing plant stand. A field study was done with the objective to determine how seeding rate in the presence of wireworms affects plant stand and yield of cotton lint. Seeding rates evaluated per 0.3-m row were 1.5 seeds (48,433/ha), 2 seeds (64,583/ha), 3 seeds (96,865/ha), and 4 seeds (129,167/ha). Increasing seeding rate resulted in significantly greater plant density. The percentage of seeds that established into plants, however, did not vary significantly among seeding rates. In 2018 and 2019, 28-38 and 60-63% of seeds of all seeding rates established plants. Seeding rate did not significantly affect the plant height, number of main-stem nodes, position of 1st fruiting node on the main stem, or lint yield. Results of the study indicated increasing seeding rate in wireworm-infested fields might increase plant stand in cotton, but not necessarily the lint yield. Lint yirld ranged from 354.35 ± 29.65 to 398.46 ± 12.48 kg/ha in 2018 and 615.66 ± 33.70 to 735.05 ± 79.40 kg/ha in 2019.


Stable breakstone of cement has the fine mechanics function and board body quality,water is stabilized merit such as nature and freezing resistance,quilt being used to build express highway road surface grass-roots unit or underlayment broadly.Though there were so many advantages of cement stabilized breakstone,the usage range was widely.If we can't control the quality well,it will leave project hidden trouble,brings about terrible result.The auther mainly discuss the cement stabilized breakstone basic constructia from such sioles as original material quality control;the problem that must be mentioned in the design and construction.


Although bats can serve as reservoirs for several viruses and bacteria, there is limited knowledge regarding the diversity of apicomplexan protozoan belonging to the Piroplasmida and Haemosporida orders within this group of mammals. The present study aimed to investigate the occurrence and phylogenetic assessment of piroplasmids and hemosporidians in spleen samples collected from 229 vampire bats (228 Desmodus rotundus and 1 Diaemus youngii) in the states of Pará, Roraima, Amapá, and Amazonas, northern Brazil. Out of 229 bat spleen samples, 43 (18.77%) tested positive in a nested PCR for piroplasmids based on the 18S rRNA gene. Thirteen sequences (ranging from 474 to 828 base pairs) of the partial 18S rRNA gene showed 91.04–100% identity to Theileria sp., Babesia sp., and Piroplasmida previously detected in deer, tapirs, opossums, and crab-eating raccoons. The phylogenetic analysis based on the near-complete 18S rRNA gene positioned the obtained sequences from three D. rotundus in distinct clades (Theileria sensu stricto, Tapirus terrestris, and "South America Marsupialia"). All bat spleen DNA samples tested negative in a nested PCR assay for hemosporidians based on the cytB gene. The present study reported, for the first time, the presence Babesia sp. and Theileria sp. DNA in D. rotundus. The distinct positioning of the 18S rRNA gene sequences within different clades demonstrates the occurrence of different piroplasmid species in vampire bats.


PO-CHUAN CHEN, MD, WEN-CHAU CHEN, MD, SHEAU-CHIOU CHAO, MD, BO-WEN LIN, MD, SHAO-CHIEH LIN, MD, CHIA-JUNG CHEN, RN, JENQ-CHANG LEE, MD* Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital and College of Medicine, Tainan City, R.O.C., Taiwan Department of Emergency Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital and College of Medicine, Tainan City, R.O.C., Taiwan Department of Dermatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital and College of Medicine, Tainan City, R.O.C., Taiwan


Utilization of soluble protein recovered from surimi wastewater using calcium powder of cuttle bone were examined. The crude ash content of the heat-induced surimi gel was increased linearly by increasing substitution ratio of recovered protein-ATC toward commercial surimi. Moisture (approximately ) and lipid contents were not change, but their protein contents were decreased 15.7 to depend on increasing of substitution ratio. The white index of the heat-induced surimi gel by color meter was increased up to of substitution ratio. There were no difference between substituted surimi gel in the gel strength. The sensory score on white index and texture of the heat-induced surimi gel did not change in 0 to as a substitution ratio of recovered protein-ATC toward commercial surimi, while decreased in more The optimal substitution ratio of recovered protein-ATC as a bulking agent was The heat-induced surimi gel prepared with substitution of recovered protein-ATC was similar to the content and composition of total amino. acids, and superior to calcium content and the ratio of calcium and phosphorus toward those of commercial surimi.


Most species of the primitive orders of branchiopod Crustacea, the Anostraca, Notostraca and Conchostraca, occur only in temporary fresh-water pools. It was not known how these animals survive in this environment so the mechanisms that enable the species Limnadia stanleyana King to exist in the habitat were studied. L. stanleyana is a conchostracan that inhabits some temporary, rain-water pools which form in depressions on sandstone rock near Sydney, Australia. Its eggs can withstand long periods of drought though its free-swimming stages are killed by desiccation (Bishop 1967). Post-embryonic development can only occur when pools contain water, but the distribution of rainfall throughout the year near Sydney is highly irregular and it is impossible to predict when a pool will fill or for how long it will contain water. Desiccation frequently kills the free-swimming stages and pools are not recolonized when this happens (Bishop 1967). The species has to cushion the effects of repeated 'population crashes' to survive. This is achieved by several mechanisms that maintain a reserve of resistant eggs in the mud of pools which L. stanleyana inhabits. The present paper describes how eggs are prevented from hatching during the cool months of the year when they have least opportunity of giving rise to sexually mature conchostracans. The weather influencing an animal has cyclical and aperiodic components. Adaptations of L. stanleyana to the aperiodic components that result in drying and filling of the pools will be described in a later paper. Such adaptations are essentially different from those discussed here. Many animals with a relatively short generation time show fluctuations in abundance that are correlated with season and some species are tided over an unfavourable season by a diapause stage. Shelford's (1929) use of the term 'diapause' has been adopted by many reviewers. Andrewartha (1952), for example, followed Shelford's suggestion 'that the term be restricted to cases where development is arrested "spontaneously" and does not respond to any ordinary amelioration of the external environment'. Both Andrewartha and Lees (1955) qualified this statement and noted that diapause may be 'traced back to the action of the environment although it is "spontaneous" in the sense that the response may later become independent of the primary stimulus'. Andrewartha and Lees consider that diapause is a timing mechanism. It synchronizes the life-history so that the active stages of the organism occur when food is plentiful and temperature and moisture are most suitable for development. Diapause stages are frequently more resistant to unfavourable conditions than non-diapause stages. Students of Crustacea have used the word 'diapause' loosely. Earlier workers, who


Objective To probe into appropriate health education for elder patients with chronic renal insufficiency.Methods A total of 46 chronic renal insufficiency patients were divided into two groups.Patients in control group received traditional way of health education.Patients of test group were carried out health education by applying clinical nursing pathway.Then the grasp on related knowledge,self-emotional control of patient sand satisfaction degree of patients toward nursing staff were compared.Results There were statistical significant differences between control and test group in terms of the grasp on related knowledge,self-emotional control of patients and satisfaction degree of patients toward nursing staff(P0.05).Conclusion Application of clinical nursing pathway for patients with chronic renal insufficiency could enhance the grasp on related knowledge,control their emotion well.and enhance the satisfaction degree of patients toward nursing staff.


This study was conceived in response to a desire to uncover the transformative process of healing from primal wounding. Twelve volunteers who self-assessed that they had experienced personal transformation after overcoming childhood trauma gave retrospective accounts of their healing process in order to shed light on its nature. The volunteers were all trained counsellors or psychotherapists and were members of the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP). It was assumed that this community would be skilled in self-reflection. A grounded theory approach was taken so that the basic socio-psychological process (BSPP) involved in healing from primal wounding could be identified and theory could be raised from the data. Data collection was through semi-structured interviews which were recorded and transcribed. Discussion during the interviews was minimal in order to ensure that the data was clean and that the researcher's experience or interpretations were not projected onto the meaning of the accounts. The BSPP identified was that of 'becoming'; an emerging process leading to a 'fully-functioning' being. The main findings from the research indicate that there is indeed a process that is common to those seeking health after having experienced a primal wound in childhood. Although a significant proportion of this process relies on the cognitive, sense-making channel and is mirrored in Mezirow's theory of transformative learning, much of it is drawn through other channels such as the intuitive, visceral, somatic, psychic, conative and creative. The process comprises seven phases after the initial trigger is felt. Although they are represented sequentially they are not encountered so, as there is much to-ing and fro-ing between the phases. The phases comprise (0) Trigger, (1) Coping Strategies revealed, (2) Disintegrating, (3) Finding voice and being validated, (4) Meaning-making, (5) Controlling, (6) Integrating and (6) Distancing. A substantive theory emerged from the research that focused on women overcoming primal wounding through a healing process that embraced transformative learning. Further research would be necessary to convert this into a formal theory, specifically amongst men, whilst extending the primal wounding definition.


THE NEW SERIES III IS JCB'S FINEST RANGE OF AGRICULTURAL LOADALLS TO DATE. WITH FEATURES INCLUDING A STATE-OF-THE-ART CAB AND DUAL TECH TRANSMISSION, THE VEHICLES ARE SET TO BE GO-TO MACHINES FOR ANY AGRICULTURAL APPLICATION


Every year many human beings lose their lives because of fatal road injuries round the arena and drowsy driving is one of the number one causes of avenue accidents and demise. Fatigue and micro sleep at the using controls are often the basis reasons of significant injuries. But preliminary signs of fatigue may be detected earlier than a vital scenario arises and therefore, detection of driving force's fatigue and its indication is an ongoing research subject matter. Most of the conventional strategies to hit upon drowsiness are based on behavioral aspects while some are intrusive and might distract drivers, at the same time as some require costly sensors. Therefore, the development of a lightweight as well as affordable driver's drowsiness detection system has become necessary. The major aim of this project is to develop a drowsiness detection system by monitoring face features. It is believed that the symptoms of driver fatigue can be detected early enough to avoid a car accident. In such a case when drowsiness is detected, a warning signal is issued to alert the driver. This detection system provides a noncontact technique for judging different levels of driver alertness. The implemented system records the video and detects the driver's face in every frame by employing image processing techniques and sends a warning message to the driver about his/her improper driving and raises the alarm (in case of drowsiness). Machine learning algorithms (like SVM and YOLOV5) have been employed to test the efficacy of the carried-out technique. Due to the COVID pandemic, usage of the mask is mandatory. So, the application also includes face mask detection which means this application can keep track of whether the driver is wearing a mask or not. Driver's drowsiness can be detected using different gestures and postures such as yawning. So, the whole system is comprised to detect driver's drowsiness as well as mask usage.


Designers have used Corporate Visual Identity Systems (CVIS) to widen the communications mix. Using name, symbol and/or logo, typography, colour and slogan, a CVIS helps transmit a company's visual identity through fixed assets, such as buildings, vehicles and other business collateral. This wider view of business communications adds an eighth P, publications, to the seven Ps of service marketing: product, price, place, promotion, participants, physical evidence and process. Managerial literature suggests that firms who standardise their CVIS anticipate communications benefits beyond the usual marketing mix. A comparison of multinational companies with and without standardised CVIS supports this view.


The nitration of m-dichloroazoxybenzene and the fractional crystallization of the nitrated products is described. Evidence for the structural formula of each is given. The reduction of some of the nitro derivatives with sodium arsenite to form azobisazoxy and trisazoxy compounds containing chlorine is also discussed.


Computer science (CS) curriculum reform across the UK has been subject to substantial scrutiny, as it has in many other countries around the world. However, in Wales -- one of the four nations in the UK -- various political, geographical and socio-cultural issues have historically hindered major educational policy interventions or reforms for CS. In this poster, we highlight the activities and impact of Technocamps, a pan-Wales university-based schools outreach programme founded in 2003. We showcase its wider impact on CS education, practitioners, schools, and learners in Wales over the past 20 years; especially with the start of the new bilingual Curriculum for Wales (Cwricwlwm i Gymru) from September 2022, which includes major reform of CS alongside digital competence as a statutory cross-curricular skill for all learners aged 3-16.


The invention discloses a scanning electric-eye fixing device, which comprises an L-shaped first connecting bracket and an L-shaped second connecting bracket, wherein the head part of the first connecting bracket is provided with a detachable first driving motor, the tail part of the first connecting bracket is provided with a detachable second driving motor, the head part of the second connecting bracket is detachably connected with the second driving motor, the tail part of the second connecting bracket is provided with a detachable third driving motor, and a detachable electric-eye installing frame is arranged on the third driving motor. A user can randomly adjust the position of an electric eye on a three-dimensional space by utilizing a pair of L-shaped connecting brackets which are connected end to end and the driving motors at both ends of the connecting brackets of the scanning electric-eye fixing device disclosed by the invention, so that the application range of the electric eye is greatly increased. The scanning electric-eye fixing device has the advantages of compact structure, convenience in assembly and strong practicability.


Osthole and isoimperatorin are two of the major bioactive components in Libanotis buethorimensis, an effective traditional Chinese medicine. A method of microwave-assisted extraction followed by high performance liquid chromatography was developed for simultaneous determination of osthole and isoimperatorin in Libanotis buethorimensis. The conditions for extraction were formulated by using the response surface method, and the chromatographic condition was optimized. The calibration curves were linear from 10.0 to 800.0 μg mL−1 for osthole and from 1.0 to 200.0 μg mL−1 for isoimperatorin. Results showed that the proposed method is reliable and a potential tool for the quality assessment of Libanotis buethorimensis materials.


Thermogravimetric analysis experiment to understand thermal decomposition behavior of water hyacinth during the pyrolysis has been performed. Water hyacinth was taken randomly from 2 places, i.e., Selorejo and Sengguruh Dam, district of Malang, Indonesia. Those raw materials were thoroughly cleaned by using the water, then cut and dried in an oven with a temperature range of 80-90 °C for 6 hours. Subsequently, the dried samples were crushed and then filtered to a mesh size of 60. Thermal behavior of the sample was observed through the instrumentality of thermal analyzer at a constant heating rate of 10 °C/min with a nitrogen flow rate of 100 ml/min and a temperature range of 25-1000 °C. The kinetics of active pyrolysis zone were evaluated by Coats-Redfern integral method. The thermogravimetric test results show that the water hyacinth biomass decomposed into four stages during the pyrolysis process. The kinetic parameters in term of activation energy ( E ), logarithmic frequency factor (log A ) and reaction order ( n ) were 60.74 kJ/mol, 4.77/min and 1.9, respectively.


The backbone cleavages for three series of protonated N-benzoyl tripeptide ions were studied in a hybrid tandem mass spectrometer: (i) benzoyl-Gly-Gly-Xxx, where Xxx = Gly, Ala, Val, Leu, Ile, Phe, Tyr, Met, Glu, Pro and Trp, (ii) benzoyl-Gly-Xxx-Gly, where Xxx = Gly, Ala, Leu, Phe, Tyr, Met and Trp, and (iii) benzoyl-Xxx-Gly-Gly, where Xxx = Gly, Ala, Val, Leu, Ile, Phe, Tyr, Met, Pro and Trp. C-Terminal y-type ions and N-terminal a- and b-type ions were noted in all three cases. For benzoyl-Gly-Gly-Xxx, a linear relationship between log (y1/b2) and the proton affinity of the C-terminal amino acid substituents was found: as the proton affinity of the C-terminal residue increases, the fraction of y1 ion formation increases. A similar relationship was noted for the benzoyl-Xxx-Gly-Gly tripeptides between log (y2/b1) and the proton affinity of the N-terminal amino acid substituent: as the proton affinity of the N-terminal residue increases, the fraction of b1 ion formation increases. For the series benzoyl-Gly-Xxx-Gly, these relationships did not hold true. These observations point to similar reaction pathways throughout the benzoyl-Gly-Gly-Xxx series and also similar pathways throughout the benzoyl-Xxx-Gly-Gly, but pathways that are substituent dependent for benzoyl-Gly-Xxx-Gly. The increased correlation coefficients for benzoyl-Gly-Gly-Xxx and benzoyl-Xxx-Gly-Gly when compared with the free tripeptides, suggest that fewer interfering competitive reactions exist, as fewer possibilities for internal hydrogen bonding exist in the N-benzoyl derivatives versus the free compounds.


Purpose: To develop a 4D Monte Carlo method that simulates continuous beam and patient motion using the EGSnrc Monte Carlo code. Methods: The simulation method links the collimator and gantry settings on a particle‐by‐particle basis to the respiratory phase of the patient at which it is delivered. This synchronization was achieved by implementing two novel particle sources into the defDOSXYZnrc Monte Carlo code which calculates dose in a deforming patient geometry. Validation in a virtual lung phantom was performed for static and tracking beam scenarios. Dose delivery of a RapidArc plan on a commercial dynamic thorax phantom was simulated using RPM and linac log files from the plan delivery. The effects of interplay between the beam and phantom motion were quantified by performing simulations with and without motion synchronization. Results: Simulations in the virtual phantom demonstrate recovery of the static dose profile when the MLCsequence tracks the tumor motion. Simulations of the RapidArc plan delivery showed dose variations of up to 9% of the prescribed dose between plans calculated with and without interplay effects. Conclusions: A 4D Monte Carlo method for EGSnrc has been developed which can calculate dose for combined beam and patient motion. Unlike discretized approaches, this method can calculate the dose distribution in a single simulation. Using treatment log files, this tool can reconstruct the dose actually delivered to a patient, accounting for respiratory motion and interplay effects.


In this paper, we proposed a sealing method of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) in pressure sensors using electroless nickel-plating. The sensor is designed to be used in harsh environments of thermoelectric power plant engines. In order to be applied in the engine injector nozzle, the FBG has just a single attached point in the pressure sensor and the combustion chamber pressure will freely compress the FBG. The fixation material used to seal the FBG in the pressure sensor is the key for the sensor performance considering the engine environment used in thermoelectric power plant. Typical level of pressure in the engine monitoring point is around 200 bar and the temperature exceeds 300 °C. We detailed the method of fabrication and the characteristics of this method. Next, the FBG pressure sensors using electroless nickel-plating sealing were studied and submitted to laboratorial and field trial evaluation. In addition, we evaluated the signal characteristics of the FBG pressure sensor and we compared it with a standard pressure sensor used in this application.


The utility model provides an electric three-wheel passenger vehicle which belongs to a means of transportation. The passenger vehicle comprises a vehicle head, a vehicle frame and vehicle wheels, wherein a base cylinder is arranged at the middle part of the vehicle frame; a power supply device is arranged in the base cylinder; at least one vehicle wheel is provided with a power device which is connected with the power supply device and a brake device; the rear end of the vehicle frame is provided with a chair; the chair comprises a supporting body connected with a vehicle frame; baffles are symmetrically arranged in the front of the two sides of the supporting body; armrests are symmetrically arranged at the two ends of the top surface of the supporting body; a backrest is arranged behind the supporting body; and a storage box with an opening at the top end is arranged behind the backrest. The electric three-wheel passenger vehicle can not only be used for passengers, but also be used for storing objects; therefore, more convenience can be obtained.


Connecting with many years' scientific research practice,this paper expounds the management requirements and technical points in the production process of edible fungus' stocks for reducing the pollution rates in the production,purchase and storage of edible fungus' stocks and providing high-quality and qualified edible fungus' stocks for the cultivation of edible fungus.


The interval eigenproblem in max-min algebra is studied. A classification of interval eigenvectors is introduced and six types of interval eigenvectors are described. Characterization of all six types is given for the case of strictly increasing eigenvectors and Hasse diagram of relations between the types is presented.


The addition of adipic acid to increase the gas clean-ing efficiency of lime water in brown coal power plants is the state-of-the-art approach. In hard coal power plants, functional considerations mean that adipic acid is used less frequently. In Block 3 of the Nordjyllandsvaerket hard coal power plant, maleic acid was used over an 8-year period with great success, improving the desulphurisation capacity and simultaneously reducing operating costs. The greatest advantage of maleic acid as opposed to adipic acid is its exceptional biological stability in the flue gas desulphurising plant.


An on-line anodic stripping voltammetric (ASV) flow cell was employed for the preconcentration and signal enhancement of transition metals, which exhibit relatively high detection limits in inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry but which are also responsive in ASV. Signal enhancements of over 60-fold for 20 ml samples of thallium(I) and lead(II) were obtained in much less time than enhancements previously reported for cadmium using this method. The precision was acceptable and plots of peak heights and areas versus mass of analyte were linear for thallium and lead. Plots of enhancement factor versus sample volume were also linear for both metals.


An HPLC method was established for the determination of baicalein in plasma and tissue of mice. The pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of baicalein in mice after iv were investigated.The calibration curve was linear in the concentration range of 0.05-50μg/ml.The extraction recoveries were 74.2%-104.2%and the method recoveries were 88.9%-113.5%,with the intra-and inter-day RSDs less than 15%.The concentration-time curve of baicalein after iv was in accordance with a two-compartment model and the main pharmacokinetic parameters were as follows:t_(1/2β)16.42 min,AUC_(0-∞) 128.97 mg-min·I~(-1),Cl 0.14 L·min~(-1)·kg~(-1).Baicalein was mainly distributed in liver and lung,less in heart,kidney and muscle,and least in brain and spleen.


The flow characteristics of NASA Rotor37 transonic axial-flow compressor from choke to near surge working condition are numerically simulated and validated in this paper.With the flow analysis of near surge condition,tip injection and bleeding are utilized to interact on tip leakage vortex and passage shock and the corresponding influences are investigated.Results reveal that with tip injection and bleeding,passage choke caused by fluid of low energy and tip clearance flow can be improved,thus compressor surge point can be effectively delayed.Results also show that with the injection and bleeding method used in this paper,the working range of NASA Rotor37 compressor is increased by 24%.