Objective To observe the otoprotective efficacy of adeno-associated virus(AAV) as vector mediated brain derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF) gene on cisplatin-induced ototoxicity for cochlear gene therapy.Methods rAAV-BDNF was constructed,and artificial perilymph,rAAV-BDNF were microinjected into the cochlea respectively.The cochlear function was analyzed with evoked auditory brainstem responses(ABR).The BDNF expression was detected with ELISA,and outer hair cells(OHC) were checked for evaluation.Results There was a statistical significance of difference between the two groups in auditory ability,OHC loss,and expression of BDNF.Conclusion AAV-mediated BDNF expression can preserve the cochlear function from the cisplatin-induced ototoxicity.


The Next Generation Attenuation (NGA) models for shallow crustal earthquakes in the Western United States, like most other ground motion attenuation relationships, predict the geometric mean of horizontal spectral demand. In the near-fault region, the geometric mean spectral demand can be much smaller than the maximum spectral demand for a pair of ground motions. One hundred and forty seven pairs of ground motion records for earthquakes with moment magnitude greater than 6.5 and site-to-source distance smaller than 15 km were selected from the NGA strong motion dataset to study the relationship between maximum and geometric mean demands. The ratio of maximum to geometric mean spectral demand for each pair of ground motions was calculated. The ratio showed clear dependency on period and the Somerville directivity parameters. In a median sense, the geometric mean from the NGA models conservatively predicts the maximum spectral demand at 0.1 and 0.2 seconds and underestimates the maximum demand for periods of 0.5 and greater.


This study is intended to support the REFIT Sectoral Fitness Check of the Construction Sector, undertaken by the European Commission and expected to be published in the spring of 2017. The Sectoral Fitness Check aims at examining how various EU legal acts impact on the construction sector, and at identifying possible areas of improvement, including reduction of regulatory costs and burdens and a better alignment of provisions, if applicable. The analysis included evaluating the efficiency, coherence, effectiveness, relevance and EU added value of most relevant provisions of EU legislation, with respect to the objectives for a more competitive and sustainable construction sector, in particular for SMEs. Particular attention was paid to identifying any synergy or inefficiencies arising from these acts.


This current study is cross sectional design. This research project benefited from the use of quantitative research methods. Every participant completed and on-line questionnaire, from the site www.surveymonkey.com which was used as a means for data collection. The data was later analysed using SPSSv22.0 for windows. The independent variable of this study was gender and the dependent variables were lying (deception), snooping (intrusive behaviour) and cheating (infidelity) .


In this paper, the gains achievable by proper decimation (or puncturing) of the received sample for fast correlation attack are investigated. In particular, the instances in which such an approach is interesting are clearly identified.


With increasing connectivity and autonomy in traffic eco-systems, Autonomous Intersection Management (AIM) has attracted strong attention from the research community. AIM helps optimize traffic by coordinating the trajectory of connected vehicles around intersections. Most of the existing AIM solutions are developed for single-objective optimization problems that are focused on improving traffic flow. A complete AIM solution needs to perform bi-objective optimization that considers both traffic flow and safety. However, the computational complexity for achieving both objectives is significantly high with the existing solutions, especially when traffic demand is stochastic. We address the limitations of the existing solutions using deep reinforcement learning (deep RL) that helps solve complex problems efficiently. Our solution uses two types of RL agents. The first type is intersection-level agents, which generate theoretically sound trajectory plans for individual vehicles approaching intersections. The second type is vehicle-level agents that control vehicles' actual trajectories around the intersections based on the plans. Both agents incorporate traffic flow and safety constraints into their decision making. Our experimental results show that our solution achieves a high safety level with a minimum impact on travel time.


LINA BELL SOARES. An investigation of literature circles and critical literacy: differentiated learning opportunities for high-ability students. (Under the direction of DR. MARYANN MRAZ) This qualitative research study investigated how literature circles provide an optimal differentiated learning context for high-ability (sixth-grade) readers that centered on the connection between critical pedagogy and collaborative reading of sociocultural issues. The research questions focused on the ways that literature circles provide differentiated learning opportunities, how literature circles provide a context to consider multiple viewpoints, the types of new texts and identities that gifted students create, and the types of analytical reasoning and critical thinking skills gifted sixth-grader readers demonstrate in literature circle interactions. This study was conducted in one sixth-grade gifted reading classroom. Data was collected through a number of procedures that included participant observation, field notes, anecdotal records, interviews, questionnaires, audiovisual transcripts, and studentproduced artifacts. Data analysis was conducted using principles of ethnographic coding, grounded theory, and discourse analysis. This study found literature circles provide zones of opportunity for gifted middle school students, a forum for gifted readers to consider multiple viewpoints on issues of social justice, a context to try out new subjectivities and create counter texts, and a forum for gifted readers to apply their analytical reasoning and critical thinking skills by taking a critical stance, creating intertextual connections, and resymbolizing the unfamiliar worlds in texts into understandable worlds through lived experiences.


A radio frequency identification device (RFID) antenna structure includes electrically-conductive material. The antenna structure includes low effective resistance-material areas and high effective resistance areas in regions where there would be little current flow if there were more low effective resistance material. The high effective resistance areas may be spaces within the antenna structure in which there is substantially no electrically conductive material. Alternatively, high effective resistance material in the high effective resistance areas may Nave a non-zero lower electrical conductivity than the low effective resistance material in the low effective resistance-material areas. Conductive material for the antenna structure may include conductive ink. By reducing or eliminating the amount of conductive material in the high effective resistance areas, it will be appreciated that reduced-cost devices may be obtained. ® KIPO & WIPO 2007


The word frpjaKOV occurs in the Odyssey sixteen times. In the passage quoted below it signifies a remedial, sedative or narcotic drug. In other passages it refers either to a poison, smeared on arrows or mixed with food; or to a magic or enchanted drug. The passage quoted occurs in the fourth book of the Odyssey, lines 219 to 230 inclusive; the scene is in the palace of Menelaos at Sparta, years after the sack of Ilium. Telemnachos, son of Odysseus, and Peisistratos, son of Nestor, have set out from Ithaca to find Odysseus if he be still alive, and have come to inquire of Menelaos and Helen. It is at the close of the day, and all are weary:


The computational requirements are investigated of conventional decision-feedback adaptive equalization using the least-mean-square (LMS) algorithm and orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM). This comparison was initiated to determine the least computationally intensive way of countering multipath effects in indoor wireless networks. Data rates examined ranged from 10 Mbits/s to 100 Mbits/s. For these data rates it was found that OFDM presents a significantly lower computational burden.


The clown as sovereign. The moving idea of this article is to compose a manifest by which the sovereignty of the clown can establish itself as text. How to write the text‑clown? Based on the concept of Sovereignty and State of Exception taken mainly by Agamben and Bataille, is established which would be a possibility of confrontation and removal of these conditions starting from the image and constitution of the clown as an open sovereign text. A sovereignty extremely clumsy, delicate and playful, but not less political and trenchant. For this, pieces are structured or, how in the proposed image by Deleuze, conceptual blocks that fit together in various relationships governed by the occurrence and that often establish, delicately and subtly, something that could be called the sovereignty of the clown.


expected to dramatically increase their size with increasing surfactant tail length. Moreover, the coupling between free energy contributions related to surfactant head group and tail with geometrical packing constraints give rise to dominant terms on the form 2 j pH0 , where j p is the thickness of a planar film, in the expressions for kc . In the case of repulsive head group effects that favor a large spontaneous curvature, such as electrostatics, these terms raise kc and thus increase the rigidity of the film. Due to the constraint of constant free monomer chemical potentials, the composition of the film becomes a function of curvature. As a result, the ability of a surfactant film to have different surfactant compositions in differently curved parts ~e.g., inner and outer layer of a vesicle, central parts and end caps of rod or threadlike micelles, etc. ! may considerably reduce kc , whereas k c and kcH0 are mainly unaffected by mixing. The magnitude of the reduction of kc of a binary surfactant film increases with increasing asymmetry between the two surfactants with respect to charge number, head group size, and tail volume. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. @DOI: 10.1063/1.1528910#


Objective To screen the cell-proliferation-associated genes expressed in colorectal cancer by gene chips.Methods The HG-U133 Plus2.0 gene chips were used to analyze gene expression profiles of colorectal adenocarcinoma and normal tissues.The results were analyzed by bioinformatic techniques.Results Compared with normal tissues,a total of 1 200 genes with more than 2-fold differential expression were detected in adenocarcinoma tissues,of which,474 and 726 genes were up-regulated and down-regulated,respectively.Among the 1 200 genes,127 genes were relevant to the biological process of cell proliferation,of which,66 genes were up-regulated and 61 genes were down-regulated.Conclusion The results suggest that 127 cell-proliferation-associated genes expressed in colorectal cancer might be the targets of gene therapy.


Current research on online public opinion regarding the coronavirus disease in 2019 (COVID-19) leverages keyword extraction, sentiment analysis, and topic modeling to analyze online public opinion. The multi-granularity features of online public opinions and semantic relations between the features, how-ever, remain less explored. Reliance on only topics or keywords for measuring public opinion is insufficient as topics are too broad and keywords too narrow. Analysis at an intermediate level, which most studies overlook, is crucial in gaining a clearer insight into public opinion. Additionally, exploring the semantic relationships between components of online public opinion can shed light on the logical connections between them and help understand how they interact in the dissemination of online public opinion, leading to a better understanding of its evolution mechanism. We conducted a public opinion analysis on Worldwide COVID-19 outbreaks via Topic Knowledge Graph. Specifically, we first use the Combined Topic Model to extract public opinion topics. Then multi-dimensions attributes of the topic such as [subject, predicate, object] triples, topic popularity, and topic emotion intensity are extracted. Subsequently, the semantic relations of different public opinion topics are calculated from the two levels of predicates co-occurrence and subject-object sharing. Finally, we applied the constructed framework to the public opinion information related to COVID-19 and analyzed the characteristics in the evolution of online public opinion.


Alopecia areata (AA) is nonscarring patchy area of hair loss. Platelets rich plasma (PRP) promotes development of new hair follicles. Dermoscopy is a diagnostic tool that helps in evaluation of skin microstructures which are not visible to naked eye.


In this study, a one-dimensional transport model is developed and analyzed, which predicts the inverse signatures obtained in lithium metal batteries. This simple approach's ability to predict inverse signatures stems from the competing interplay between moving boundary rates and mass transfer limitations to yield inverse signatures without modifying the kinetics that describes the deposition and dissolution of lithium on the electrode surface. The numerical scheme used for the present model simulations is presented in detail which has been further used to study the effect of design parameters on the prevalence and strength of inverse signatures. It was found that the proposed model and the analysis is more pertinent to symmetric cells, commonly used for in-depth fundamental studies.


The aims of this study were to compare mRNA levels of melanoma differentiation‐associated protein 5 (MDA5) and retinoic acid‐inducible gene 1 (RIG‐1) in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients in comparison to the healthy controls as well as investigating the effects of IFN‐β 1a on the expression of these molecules. In this study, mRNA levels of MDA5 and RIG‐1 in peripheral leukocytes of 30 new cases of MS patients and 35 healthy controls were evaluated using the real‐time‐PCR method. mRNA levels of MDA5 and RIG‐1 were determined in the MS patients 6 months after treatment with standard doses of IFN‐β 1a. mRNA levels of MDA5 and RIG‐1 were significantly decreased in the MS patients in comparison to the healthy controls. The analysis also revealed that IFN‐β 1a therapy leads to the upregulation of RIG‐1, but not MDA5, in the total MS patients and the female group. MS patients suffer from insufficient expression of MDA5 and RIG‐1, and IFN‐β 1a therapy results in the upregulation of RIG‐1 in the patients, especially in the female patients. Thus, it seems that IFN‐β 1a not only decreased pathogenic inflammatory responses but also modulated the expression of RIG‐1 to protect the patients from infectious diseases and upregulation of IFN‐I in a positive feedback.


The invention relates to the field of intelligent control for preventing overflow and leakage of tap water indoor. As is shown in attached drawings of an abstract, a singlechip A acts as a core component, and the singlechip A receives water flow and flow rate data collected by a sensor C, and stores and processes and the data; a control panel B is used to display parameters and states; the singlechip compares the data collected by the sensor with inputted control parameters, and judges whether the water flow and the flow rate are normal or not; and if the water flow and the flow rate are abnormal, an electromagnetic valve D is started, a water source is turned off so as to prevent occurrence of overflow and leakage accidents. The whole process is controlled through programs without human intervention. The method is simple and effective, and low in cost. The device is simple and easy to manufacture, and high in reliability.


This investigation was concerned with the collection of data by a systematic procedure for the purpose of evaluating the variability present in the manufacture of portland cement concrete for highway pavements. The data were analyzed to provide information concerning the magnitude of the variance components and to provide information and illustrate procedures for the establishment of a quality control programs which could be used by the Indiana State Highway Commission. Plastic portland cement concrete was chosen as the area of investigation. The specific area was limited to concrete paving projects under contract in Indiana during the summer months of 1964. Three paving projects were selected and tests for air content slump and unit weight were made on the concrete. The projects were chosen on the basis of their geographic location in the state and the paving schedule of the contractors. Each project was performed by a different: contractor all of whom were operating under the same specification requirements.


This paper aims at describing a method for the detection of winding deformation in transformer based on the measurement of axial leakage flux. Theoretical background for the proposed method is presented from the fundamental principles. The method is validated through experiments conducted on a specially designed jumping ring model that demonstrates winding deformation in a simple and an effective manner.


tected from seizure by the dowry laws. Likewise, the prohibition against accepting only a part of an inheritance might be circumvented by a daughter accepting her mother's dowry while repudiating her father's debt-burdened estate. Part of such strategies might be to protect the integrity of the kin group from the anancial mismanagement of a member of the previous generation. There were also deceitful uses of repudiation that betrayed the trust necessary for the efacient functioning of the markets and of credit. This type of fraudulent repudiation prompted legislators to attempt to protect the integrity of credit markets, though fraudulent repudiation might also be part of a family's strategy. As Kuehn puts it, "it was a way to stay in the game and score points in relation to their neighbors"(81), allowing a family to recover from the vicissitudes of life in the afteenth century, in which social mobility was as often down as up. Integral to Kuehn's illuminating, magniacently researched book is the conception that inheritance was a process rather than an act by an individual and that the family was not a social unit but "a set of understandings . . . governing relations between kin" (17). These understandings are revealed through inheritance, as much from the point of view of the living heir as from the testator who wanted to control the family from beyond the grave. Kuehn demonstrates once again the strengths of legal anthropology in the hands of a historian. What so many other social historians lack is the precise command of the legal tradition that frames virtually every document employed as evidence. Understanding exactly how the law deaned an issue must be the starting point for understanding how historical actors created strategies for life and managed their affairs. But knowing the law of Renaissance Florence is not enough because its historical signiacance lies in the processes of generational transition in a family, in the thin tissues of trust, and in the sinews of credit across society.


Escherichia coli is one of patogen bacteria that caused nosocomial
infection. Levofloxacin is one of the fluoroquinolones group antibiotics which is a
broad-spectrum antibiotic that works effectively against Escherichia coli. This
study aimed at identifying mutation in gen gyrA among Escherichia coli were
resistant to levofloxacin.


Synthesis of α‐C‐ethylene phosphate and phosphonate as well as α‐C‐methylene phosphate analogues of N‐acetyl‐α‐d‐glucosamine 1‐phosphate is reported starting from the common perbenzylated 2‐acetamido‐2‐deoxy‐α‐C‐allyl glucoside. Anomerisation of the corresponding amino α‐C‐glucosyl aldehyde to the β‐aldehyde was observed. Thus, both amino α‐ and β‐C‐glucosyl methanol were obtained after reduction. †This paper is dedicated to Professor Gérard Descotes on the occasion of his 70th birthday.


The selective deprotection of several N-Bn amino derivatives to the corresponding amines and the removal of S-Bn and O-Bn groups from the protected amino acids with ammonium formate and magnesium is reported.


Microvascular flow phantoms were built to aid the development of a hemodynamic simulation model for treating hepatocelluar carcinoma. The goal is to predict the blood flow routing for embolotherapy planning. Embolization is to deliver agents (e.g. microspheres) to the vicinity of the tumor to obstruct blood supply and nutrients to the tumor, targeting into 30 - 40 μm arterioles. Due to the size of the catheter, it has to release microspheres at an upper stream location, which may not localize the blocking effect. Accurate anatomical descriptions of microvasculature will help to conduct a reliable simulation and prepare a successful embolization strategy. Modern imaging devices can generate 3D reconstructions with ease. However, with a fixed detector size, larger field of view yields lower resolution. Clinical CT images can't be used to measure micro vessel dimensions, while micro-CT requires more acquisitions to reconstruct larger vessels. A multi-tiered, montage 3D reconstruction method with hybrid-modality imagery is devised to minimize the reconstruction effort. Regular CT is used for larger vessels and micro-CT is used for micro vessels. The montage approach aims to stitch up images with different resolutions and orientations. A resolution-adaptable 3D image registration is developed to assemble the images. We have created vessel phantoms that consist of several tiers of bifurcating polymer tubes in reducing diameters, down to 25 μm. No previous work of physical flow phantom has ventured into this small scale. Overlapping phantom images acquired from clinical CT and micro-CT are used to verify the image registration fidelity.


In order to meet the new situation,the literature retrieval lectures should be reconstructed in the aspects of contents,teaching method,faculty members,and teaching material.


By the clutch mechanism and hydraulic force increased mechanism,which are installed on the parallel vice the workpice can be reliable tighted easily.The conversion between the parallel movement and the clamp movement of the moving jaw is finished by the clutch mechanism which is composed by the cylinder body and the sciding key;The strength organization of the hydraulic pressure can complete the hydraulic pressure to increase the strength function which is composed by the mandrel,the piston,the plunger and so on.


The peptide‐substrate‐binding (PSB) domain of collagen prolyl 4‐hydroxylase (C‐P4H, an α2β2 tetramer) binds proline‐rich procollagen peptides. This helical domain (the middle domain of the α subunit) has an important role concerning the substrate binding properties of C‐P4H, although it is not known how the PSB domain influences the hydroxylation properties of the catalytic domain (the C‐terminal domain of the α subunit). The crystal structures of the PSB domain of the human C‐P4H isoform II (PSB‐II) complexed with and without various short proline‐rich peptides are described. The comparison with the previously determined PSB‐I peptide complex structures shows that the C‐P4H‐I substrate peptide (PPG)3, has at most very weak affinity for PSB‐II, although it binds with high affinity to PSB‐I. The replacement of the middle PPG triplet of (PPG)3 to the nonhydroxylatable PAG, PRG, or PEG triplet, increases greatly the affinity of PSB‐II for these peptides, leading to a deeper mode of binding, as compared to the previously determined PSB‐I peptide complexes. In these PSB‐II complexes, the two peptidyl prolines of its central P(A/R/E)GP region bind in the Pro5 and Pro8 binding pockets of the PSB peptide‐binding groove, and direct hydrogen bonds are formed between the peptide and the side chains of the highly conserved residues Tyr158, Arg223, and Asn227, replacing water mediated interactions in the corresponding PSB‐I complex. These results suggest that PxGP (where x is not a proline) is the common motif of proline‐rich peptide sequences that bind with high affinity to PSB‐II.


n this brief note we prove orbifold equivalence between two potentials described by strangely dual exceptional unimodular singularities of type E_{14} and Q_{10} in two different ways. The matrix factorizations proving the orbifold equivalence give rise to equations whose solutions are permuted by Galois groups which differ for different expressions of the same singularity.


Chin stands aid is a device designed to reduce fatigue on the chin during the Visual Mechanical Inspection (VMI) task for operators in TT Electronic Sdn Bhd, Kuantan, Malaysia. It is also used to reduce cycle time and also improve employee well-being in terms of comfort. In this project, a 3D model of chin stands aid with an ergonomics approach is created using SOLIDWORKS software. Two different concepts were designed and the best one is chosen based on the Pugh concept selection method, concept screening and also concept scoring. After the selection of concepts is done, a prototype of chin stands aid will be developed and a simulation of the prototype is performed. The simulation has been executed by using Workbench ANSYS software as a tool. Stress analysis, deformation analysis, and fatigue analysis have been done to know the strength and lifespan of the product. The prototype also has been tested to know the functionality and also comfortability for the user to use the chin stands aid.


Luminescent pigments are able to absorb the energy of natural or artificial light sources and release it in the form of a visible glow in the dark. By chemical nature, phosphors are divided into inorganic and organic. Unlike inorganic luminophors, which glow only in the solid state, organic luminophors, in most cases, luminesce in various aggregate states. This difference is due to the fact that the glow is associated with a certain structure of the crystal lattice, which includes activating additives. After the destruction of the crystal lattice, luminescence disappears. In the case of organic luminophors, individual molecules luminesce. It is well known that the quantum yield of fluorescence of organic chromophores usually decreases in the solid state, although they have a high quantum yield of luminescence in solution.


An image segmentation system which uses a connectionist classifier architecture as a central building block is described in this paper. The complete system, which consists of a feature extraction module and the connectionist classifier module, has been designed and implemented in digital VLSl; system architectural aspects as well as the procedure of adaptation of the system to different segmentation problems are discussed. The performance of the segmentation system on real world problems is demonstrated using scenes from industrial inspection, texture recognition, and combustion chamber research tasks.


Insufficient supply of dietary energy to sows may contribute to high mortality rates amongst piglets. In this study the addition of fat and vitamin C to sow diets during late pregnancy resulted in reduced prenatal mortality, increased live litter size and a reduction in subsequent weaning to mating interval. The litter size at weaning was improved by 0.56 pigs at a relatively small cost. The role of vitamin C in sow diets should be further investigated.


High Resolution Range Profile (HRRP) reflects the size and partial structure feature, and is an effective feature for target recognition. A statistic wide-band feature method based on Optimal Path is proposed, and it can extract accurately the statistic feature of HRRP to realize the stable and unstable targets. The method firstly estimates the scattering points for HRRP based on Optimal Path Means, and more calculates the self-relation feature of all scattering points, and utilizes the value of feature to judge the wave characteristic of target movement, finally can recognize stable targets. Simulation examples show that the proposed feature is steady compared with the common wide-band features, such as radial length, central moments feature, and the entropy of HRRP, and can get a well classified result in the low Signal-to-Noise (SNR) condition.


We theoretically demonstrate how cloaks, anticloaks, magnifiers and illusion devices can be devised for the case of static magnetic fields. For some of these devices, we make use of the concept of negative permeability materials. Because these materials can be emulated in practice by sets of currents, our results may provide the recipe for the experimental realization of novel devices for controlling magnetic fields.


strivings and mutual ability to stand up under suffering both sense cosmic and moral chaos, the emptiness of being. In short, both are touched by a nihilistic vision in which existence is seen as chaotic, absurd, meaningless, and destructive of man's hopes. Thus to Macbeth, life is a tale "Told by an idiot, full of sound and fury,/Signifying nothing" (V, v, 27-28), while, to Dewey Dell it is a "wild and outraged earth" that leaves her no time to mourn, the dis orientation once experienced in a nightmare in which she had been unable even to "think what I was" (p. 115). Finally, it is significant that Macbeth's and Dewey Dell's regrets both concern women who are themselves similar. Like Lady Macbeth, Addie Bundren is a fierce and dominating woman. And like her too, her desire to have her way contributes to tragedy and suffering.


Nuclear staining of pollen grains is improved by using an alcoholic HCl-car-mine stain and Hoyer's mediem, a chloral hydrate-gum arabic mountant. This mountant completes differentiation of the pollen and clears cytoplasmic inclusions which may otherwise obscure the nuclei. Fixing anthers in 3:1 ethanol: acetic acid is recommended. Staining time at room temperature varies between 1 and 5 days, but can be shortened considerably by heat. Pollen is differentiated in 45% acetic acid-addition of Hoyer's medium makes the preparation permanent. The darkening of cytoplasm frequently found in acetocarmine slides does not occur. Pollen from carefullydried plants has given satisfactory staining and makes the method of geater use to taxonomists.


In [PIM-SM], assert procedures are triggered by data-plane interaction
with the control-plane when traffic arrives on an outgoing interface.
There are several disadvantages with this in that duplicate traffic is
forwarded downstream until an assert winner is elected and seen by all
routers on the LAN; such dependence on the data-plane to build
control-plane state does not scale well. When [PIM-SM] is used to
setup P2MP LSP trees as in [SURESH-P2MP], it is not always possible to
determine if traffic arrived on an outbound interface . This draft
proposes mechanisms to trigger assert completely in the control plane
by reacting to Joins sent to another router on a LAN. These procedures
are essential when it is not possible to determine if traffic arrived
on an outbound interface. It also helps completely remove the
dependency on data-plane to trigger asserts and eliminates duplicate
traffic resulting from assert scenarios.


A method of manufacturing a fibrous layer for fuel cell applications includes the step of mixing a perfluorocyclobutyl-containing resin with a water-soluble carrier resin to form a resinous mixture. The resinous mixture is then molded to form a molded resinous mixture. The molded resinous mixture has perfluorocyclobutyl-containing structures within the carrier resin. The molded resinous mixture is brought into contact with water (ie, washed) to separate the perfluorocyclobutyl containing structures from the carrier resin. Optionally be added to the perfluorocyclobutyl containing structures protogenic groups and a catalyst.


In order to excavate products evolution characteristic information more effectively and conduct product innovative design more quickly,a product innovative design method based on endogenous function requirements was put forward.Models for the existing products were set up by introducing system function analysis method.From the three perspectives of super system component function correlation,single-component function change within the system,and multi-component function combination within the system,an all-over creative expanding was conducted by using the analysis strategies and tools as function matrices,function trimming,function combination,et al.Aiming at the function requirement information produced by incentives,concept solution and analysis of domain specific were conducted,then the final product improved solution was generated.Based on the creative application process of the incentive model,design function modules in prototype system were developed.An example of the improved design of fridge freezer was used to prove the validity and practicability of the method.


Irradiations of the nanostructured silicon with Si+ and He+ ions were carried out with energies of 200 and 150 keV, respectively. Raman scattering showed destruction of the structure after irradiations and accumulation of defects at different fluences of irradiation. It is shown that monocrystalline silicon films are amorphized under irradiation at 0.7 displacement per atom. However, porous silicon does not completely amorphize at 0.5 displacement per atom, a weak signal is observed in the Raman spectra corresponding to the amorphous silicon phase, and at the same time there is an obvious signal from the crystalline phase of silicon. The size of nanocrystallites in the structure of porous silicon was estimated at different fluences of irradiation.


It is intended to provide a method for evaluating an effect of controlling the activity of proline 4-hydroxyolase; a screening method with the use of the above evaluation method; and a method of screening a compound which is useful in treating or preventing fibrosis or rheumatoid arthritis. A method for detecting an effect of controlling the ubiquitination activity of proline 4-hydroxyolase alpha subunit (P4HA1) by synoviolin; and a method of screening a substance having an effect of controlling the ubiquitination activity of P4HA1 of synoviolin based on the above method. A compound found out by this screening is useful in treating or preventing diseases caused by disorders in the activity of proline 4-hydroxylase such as fibrosis and rheumatoid arthritis.


Abstract Coal-fired diesel engines utilizing coal-water slurries have been intensively investigated by previous researchers. Specialized coal-water slurries injection equipment was developed to handle the slurries, and hard materials were used to handle the abrasion due to coal ash. Charcoal-based water slurries are shown to result in dramatically reduced engine abrasion problems compared to coal. An economic comparison of charcoal-based water slurries to #2 diesel fuel for fueling diesel engines shows promise for the charcoal-based water sluries diesel fuel. In addition, the potential supply of charcoal is adequate to supply 75% of current diesel fuel consumption.


Education is a universal human need for all human beings wherever and whenever. In Indonesia education is the need of all citizens, because education is a means of strategy to improve the quality of a nation. In essence, education is aimed at humanizing humans, changing human behavior maturity and improving human quality for the better so that it is able to challenge the ever changing times. Therefore the progress of a nation can be marked and measured by the progress of its education, because the progress of several countries in the world is started and achieved from education.


Logistics support of a long duration space station will dictate a high degree of space flight activity to rotate personnel and transport supplies and equipment. Systems characteristics and mission requirements for space station logistics have been analyzed within the context of a broad spectrum of space missions. Preliminary concepts for a space shuttle system (space transportation) have been developed. This system can support not only a space station program, but a wide variety of space missions for both NASA and the DOD.


The Limits and infinitesimal numbers were invented by the fathers of Science like Newton and Leibniz. However, a hypothetical being from another star system could have developed more realistic mathematics [in my opinion the mathematics should be defined via numbers of our fingers and the actions (like adding) with them]. In this note, I am showing the paradox of the current version of ``highest mathematics''.


This paper presents a study on potential instability and vertical structure of unstable disturbance in rain clusters.Firstly,we develop a non-axisymmetrical linearized mathematic model for rain clusters in circular cylindrical coordinates with consideration of nonconstant humid stratification coefficient.Secondly,we Abstract three typical vertical distributions of humid stratification coefficient for heavy rain,and obtain the corresponding unstable criterion and variation range of unstable growth rate or stable disturbed frequency.Finally,we get the analytic solution when humid stratification coefficient represents two different constants.Main conclusions are as follows: there are spiral structures in rain clusters of this model.Before heavy rain occurs,the aerosphere is unstable.The more the volume of spiral band and the smaller the radius of rain clusters are,the greater the upper bound of unstable growth rate is.When heavy rain develops strongly,the aerosphere is weakly stable.The less the volume of spiral band and the bigger the radius of rain clusters are,the greater the lower bound of stable disturbed frequency is.After heavy rain occurs,the aerosphere is strongly stable.The more the volume of spiral band and the smaller the radius of the rain clusters are,the greater the upper bound of stable disturbed frequency is.When humid stratification coefficient represents two different constants and its value in lower atmosphere is minus,the aerosphere is potentially unstable.The vertical structure of unstable disturbance represents approximate sine wave form in unstable layer and its wave length increases with the increase of unstable layer thickness.In stable layer,the vertical structure of disturbance represents exponential function form and its disturbed amplitude is very small.The amplitude rapidly changes to zero with the increase of unstable layer thickness.The simpler the vertical structure of disturbance is,the greater the unstable growth rate is.


The article aims to analyse and explain the relationship between ethical leadership, organisational deviance. We proposed a theoretical framework arguing a mediatory role of situational factors including psychological safety, psychological attachment, distributive justice, and Leader-Member Exchange (LMX). We also argue that utilitarian based ethical reasoning make employees more responsive towards the ethical decision by the leadership making them less deviant. Empirical validity was established by conducting a survey using a close-ended questionnaire. Data was collected from 254employees and analysed using confirmatory factor analysis and structured equation modelling. The measurement and structure model were assessed using AVE (average variance extracted), Composite Reliability (CR), Cronbach's alpha, discriminant validity through the Fornell-Larcker Criterion, and Collinearity methods in PLS-SEM. The results suggested a significant and positive effect of ethical leadership on Leader-member-exchange, psychological attachment, distributive justice, and psychological safety. Moreover, apart from distributive justice, all other factors seem to decrease Organisational Deviance, however, their effect remained insignificant. Surprisingly, ethical leadership (EL) seems to be directly instigating Organisational Deviance (OD), as well as through the mediation of distributive justice. However, EL seems to significantly reduce deviance through including Utilitarianism ethical reasoning amongst its followers, as EL seems to positively affect utilitarianism, which in turn negatively affects deviance. Utilitarianism also seems to complement EL in reducing OD directly as the result showed significant and negative complementarities amongst EL and Utilitarianism in explaining OD. The results imply that EL and OD nexus is more affected by ethical reasoning rather than situational factors.


Abstract A proportional sampler for large-volume liquid flows has been designed, installed, and tested at the White Oak Creek Dam. The basic unit consists of a circulating pump and a collecting vessel controlled by an overflow pipe which varies in height in proportion to the head of the stream. The sampling period is normally 10 minutes and can be adjusted for optimum conditions by regulating the timing mechanism. It is adaptable to wide variations in stream head, requires little maintenance, and minimizes clogging resulting from debris, incrustation, and algae formations.


T his article is dedicated to the countless volunteers and their supporting employers who donate their valuable time and money to work on IEEE Industry Applications Society (IAS)-sponsored standards. My inspiration for this topic came from three articles in the July/August issue. One was by Editor-in-Chief Lanny Floyd, titled "The Power of Gratitude," and the second was by IAS President Tomy Sebastian, "Standards Are Vital." Lanny very eloquently conveyed how deeply critical these helpful participants are, stating, "The IAS is completely dependent on volunteers." This is especially true in terms of standards. Tomy emphasized the importance of standards by declaring, "Standards are a vital part of industrial growth," and "I believe there is potential for significant standards activity in each of our technical committees." The third article was by Peter Magyar, who provided interesting and timely statistics about our Society. The IAS, he said, is the fifth-largest IEEE Society, with almost 15,000 members worldwide. Roughly 50% of IAS members are from industry. North America accounts for 42% of the membership. Almost 25% of members come from the Asia and Pa cific regions, and ap proximately 40% of new members come from these areas. At the IEEE IAS Pulp, Paper, and Forest Industry Conference held this past June in Appleton, Wisconsin, the Pulp and Paper Industry Committee responded to Tomy's challenge by deciding to start a standards program. During the discussion, one of my mentors emphasized, "Standards is the language that engineers use to transfer knowledge." According to information on the IEEE Standards Association (SA) website, IEEE standards are classified as the following: ● standards: documents with mandatory requirements ● recommended practices: documents in which procedures and positions preferred by the IEEE are presented ● guides: documents in which alternative approaches to good practices are suggested but no clear-cut recommendations are made ● trial-use documents: publications in ef fect for not more than three years; they can be any of the three categories of standards publications listed previously (consult the IEEE SA website for additional details). The IEEE SA staff mem bers provide helpful guidance throughout the standards preparation process, but all IAS standards are created exclusively by volunteers. The IAS has 76 active standards and 40 standards with active work groups involved in preparing new standards or revising the existing ones. IAS standards reflect the scope of the IAS, i.e., the "advancement of the theory and practice of electrical and electronic engineering in the development, de sign, manufacture, and application of electrical systems; industry leadership in energy conservation and environmental, health, and safety issues; and the creation of voluntary engineering standards and recommended practices."


The article is concerned with the existing methods of DC motor diagnostics. The requirements to the method of DC motor diagnostics are described. The authors believe that the signature analysis can be used in combination with the classical methods of diagnostics.


For any administered or implanted biomaterials in contact with blood tissue, they first and unavoidably encounter plasma components and blood cell membranes, and immediately strong or weak interactions between them will be initiated. Therefore, the safety issue of the biomaterials for blood tissue should be given a full consideration. In this study, the effects of the gene carrier polyethyleneimines (PEIs) differing in molecular weight and shape (branched or linear) on plasma proteins and blood cell membranes were investigated in detail. On one hand, the structure, conformation, and biofunction of fibrinogen as an important plasma protein were examined by UV-vis, fluorescence and circular dichroism spectroscopy, and fibrin polymerization test, respectively. Furthermore, the rheological behavior of whole blood containing the PEIs was also evaluated. On the other hand, the morphology, surface roughness, membrane proteins, and enzyme activity on erythrocyte membrane after the PEIs-treatment were also examined by using atomic force microscopy, electrophoresis, and enzyme activity test, respectively. The results reveal that, the PEIs alter the struture and conformation of fibrinogen and then modify the fibrin polymerization process. As a result, the clotting function of the PEIs-containing blood is also affected. Additonally, the PEIs also have severe impact on the morphology, roughness, and membrane proteins, and inhibit acetylcholinesterase activity of erythrocyte membrane. These findings shed light toward the design of safe PEIs and other biomedical materials by comprehensive preconsideration of their interactions with plasma proteins and blood cell membranes.


Dr Emma Pead looks at the development of an artificial intelligence system for the detection of age-related macular degeneration (C76731, one distance learning point suitable for optometrists and dispensing opticians)


The article shows the opposite development trends of the agrarian economy in Russia, divided in paradoxical pairs. Among them: reduced reproductive capacity of agriculture and simultaneous increase of agricultural production efficiency; deterioration of the material and technical and natural base, combined with increase in agricultural production; degradation of the Russian countryside and rural social development, as well as several others. The reasons for these paradoxical phenomena are analyzed.


Background: The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of participants' nostalgia for the before COVID-19 DFA experience on their future participation continuation intention. To achieve this purpose, nostalgia, cognitive emotion regulation (CER), coping flexibility (CF), resilience, and participation continuance intention (PCI) were set as major variables and the structural influence relationship between them was explored. Methods: A survey was con-ducted on 557 "dance for all" participants (DFAP's) who joined public sports facilities, academies, and clubs in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province in South Korea. Data analysis was performed on Windows PC/SPSS 26.0 and AMOS 24.0 ver. frequency analysis, correlation analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling were used to analyze the survey results. Results: First, all sub-factors of the nostalgia of DFAP's has a statistically significant effect on CER. Second, CER of DFAP's has a statistically significant effect on CF. Third, CER of DFAP's does not have a statistically significant effect on resilience. Fourth, CF and resilience of DFAP's has a statistically significant effect on PCI. Conclusions: Therefore, this study's novelty is that it provides practical implications for the application of nostalgia as an alternative to satisfying the desire to participate in physical activities such as DFA during the "post COVID-19"era.


This study concerned the joint effects of the richness of the feedback environment and task complexity on the development of goals, information search strategies, and performance improvement. A decision-making experiment found interactive effects of feedback and complexity on the number of personal goals, information search, and performance improvement. Further, goals and information search mediated the effect of feedback and complexity on performance over time.


Dodgy, meaning someone or something that seems not quite right, perhaps broken or dangerous in appearance, used when we speak English in Australia


The investigation was carried out to evaluate the effect of two types of amino additives on the stripping resistance of bituminous mix due to environmental factors by means of Immersion Marshall Stability tests and qualitative stripping assessment. From the laboratory and field investigations, the use of amino additives in bituminous mixes is found to effectively increase the stripping resistance


Using Matlab's data-acquisition feature and a computer sound card, the author describes a method to obtain voltage and current data to plot the I-V characteristics of a semiconductor diode and a plasma Langmuir probe glow discharge without installing any additional hardware.


A general description is given of the Alpha facility which receives current discharges within its toroidal vacuum chamber. A condenser lank of energy 1.5 x 10/sup 6/ joules supplies an impulse of 2 to 3 msec duration for a discharge in hydrogen with pressure 2 x 10/sup -4/ mm Hg in an external magnetic field of 180 to 720 gauss. General results are presented on ths electric and magnetic character of the discharge, insertion of probes, microwave and spectrographic investigation, and flow of emitted neutral particles. The character of the discharge in Alpha did not corform to the usual performance of a self-compressing quasi-stable discharge. Several effects were noted in particular: the absence of the formation of kinks, the presence of significant azimuthal current and azimuthal discharge about the magnetic axis, the presence of oscillations and irregular collective movements in the discharge, uneven density distribution in the plasma, and a large number of protons of 10-kev energy. It was felt that an anisotropic-conducting plasma could give appearances of instability and accelerating mechanisms of various types. (TTT)


This paper presents results from an interdisciplinary cooperation within the Collaborative Research Centre on Multilingualism. First results of this cooperation were published in an earlier paper (BAUMGARTEN et al. 2007) concentrating on an investigation of functional characteristics of coordinating elements in English, German, Old Swedish and Turkish corpora. The aim of the second part of the cooperation was to develop corpus linguistic methods in order to be able to examine word order change in subordinate clauses in older Swedish and Danish texts in comparison to Old West Norse. The starting point for the investigation was the observation that the word order in Swedish main clauses is rather stable from the earliest written sources up to contemporary Swedish, whereas in subordinate clauses, from a diachronic perspective, far-reaching changes can be observed. Starting from the hypothesis that language contact triggered this change, a comparison of an Old Swedish, an Old Danish and an Old West Norse version of the Story of Charlemagne was performed. The West Norse version almost exclusively shows verb second order and no examples of verb late order. In the Danish and the Swedish versions, verb second is also the main option, but more examples of the finite verb in a later position can be found in both texts. In our opinion it seems to be reasonable to suggest that the development of new text types based on Latin models triggered the change that can be observed in the East Norse texts.


In 1991, the A.M. Best Company changed the schedules and procedures for assigning ratings to property-liability insurers. An explanation of this change is of interest to consumers, regulators, and management. This study uses ordered probit to test for a downshift in the average ratings. The results of the analysis show that there has been a movement toward lower ratings and that the return on surplus is more important with the new ratings. The results are robust with respect to alternative estimation procedures.


Pressure-sensitive paint (PSP) is an optical measurement technique based on the photo-chemical reaction between oxygen and luminescent molecules, and has potential as a diagnostic tool for pressure measurement in the high Knudsen number regime. However, the application of PSP to micro flow measurement is not straightforward, because conventional PSPs are too thick owing to their polymer binder. In our previous work, we fabricated pressure-sensitive molecular film (PSMF) by using the Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) technique. In this study, we investigated the temperature dependency of Pt(II) Mesoporphyrin IX (PtMP) based PSMF, and found that the temperature dependency of the pressure sensitivity is very small. Moreover, we have applied PSMF to the pressure measurement of micro gas flows through the 170μm width micro channel and the 100μm width micro nozzle, and the pressure distributions were successfully obtained.Copyright © 2011 by ASME


Future communication systems are drawn at the concept of always being connected all time and everywhere. This is not only limited to medication. Wireless medical area communications assist people who work and replacing wires in a hospital are the applying wireless communication in medical health system. The growing number of use of wireless networks and the constant miniaturization of electrical devices has empowered the development of wireless body area networks (WBANs).In these networks many sensors are attached on cloths or on the body that are attached under skin. These devices give continuously health monitoring and real-time reviews to the users or medication assistance. The wireless communication of the network and the variety of sensors provide number of new, practical and unique applications to improve healthcare and the quality of life. The sensor measures parameters of human body, may be externally or internally. This include measures of the heartbeat, body temperature and recording a long-term electrocardiogram (ECG).


In the Pieniny Volcanic Arc (Miocene), the northernmost volcanic arc of the West Carpathians, hydrothermal activity produced some ore-bearing veins associated with moderate-size andesite intrusions. They were subjected to prospecting and mining for gold, silver and lead for a short period at the beginning of the 18th century. K-Ar dating of secondary chlorine-biotite from the mineralized zone at Mt Jarmuta, yielded a K-Ar date of 11.35±0.45 Ma. This K-Ar date fits well with the average K-Ar age (11.34±0.50 Ma) obtained on unaltered andesite sills exposed at Mt Jarmuta. It indicates a close age-relationship between the emplacement of the andesite intrusion and the subsequent ore-mineralization during Miocene (Sarmatian) time.


Questions addressed by law often resemble those addressed in other disciplines. The methodology of law, however, is different. Law is more likely to rely on precedent, to use syllogistic logic, and to deploy burdens of proof and evidentiary devices, to be preoccupied with rules and policy analysis. These methods have been fruitful in philosophy, history, and other discipline. Yet, the specialization of legal study has cut it off from easy communication with other disciplines. In this light, it is especially striking to find an explosion of legal scholarship using nonlegal methodologies and insights. Here, indeed, three seemingly different developments converge.


Alkyl polyoxyethylene(AEO0.8、AEO3.0),whose the average number of Ethylene Oxide(EO) was 0.8 and 3.0 respectively,were used to react directly with glucose,and glycosylation product of alkyl polyoxyethylene were purified by technology of supercritical CO2 extraction,then alkylethoxyglucoside(AEG08、AEG30)were produced respectively,whose composition were analysized quantitatively by gas chromatography.Surface tension、cmc、wetting ability、emulsification stability and foaming power of the complexes prepared from AEG and AES or BS-12 were studied.The results showed that complexes of AEG+ AES have certain positive synergistic function of surface tension、cmc、and foaming power,but wetting ability and emulsifying ability of AEG+ AES systems show negative synergistic effects;Surface tension、cmc、wetting ability、emulsification stability and foaming power of AEG+BS-12 systems all show positive synergistic effects.


In food research, temperature is one of the variables that must be controlled at all times; household electric ovens are often used for this purpose. The aim of this study was to determine whether an electronic temperature controller (ETC) – an electronic apparatus with a solid-state switch and sensitive sensor – can provide improved temperature control, and consequently sustained food quality, compared with a capillary thermostat in a household electric oven. It was found that the ETC is indeed able to provide better temperature control in household electric ovens. It can, therefore, make a valuable contribution to food research, where consistency during replication is vital for the reliability of research results.


Immediately after the invention of 'Click Chemistry' in 2002, the regioselective 1,2,3-triazole scaffolds resulted from respective organic azides and terminal alkynes under Cu(I) catalysis have been well recognized as the functional heterocyclic core at the centre of modern organic chemistry, medicinal chemistry, and material sciences. This CuAAC reaction has several notable features including excellent regioselectivity, high-to-excellent yields, easy to execute, short reaction time, modular in nature, mild condition, readily available starting materials, etc. Moreover, the resulting regioselective triazoles can serve as amide bond isosteres, a privileged functional group in drug discovery and development. More than hundreds of reviews had been devoted to the 'Click Chemistry' in special reference to 1,4-disubstituted triazoles, while only little efforts were made for an opposite regioisomer i.e., 1,5-disubstituted triazole. Herein, we have presented various classical approaches for an expeditious synthesis of a wide range of biologically relevant 1,5-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazole analogues. The syntheses of such a class of diversly functionalized triazoles have emerged as a crucial investigation in the domain of chemistry and biology. This tutorial review covers the literature assessment on the development of various synthetic protocols for the functionalized 1,5-disubstituted triazoles reported during the last 12 years.


Everything evolves according to the needs of culture and time. At all times, solutions are created by adding more and more to civil construction. In this context, the Insulated Concrete Forms (ICF) construction method appears as an option for regions with aggressive climate, however, as important as the thermal properties are, the acoustic properties are too since they provide comfort and quality of life for the resident. Thus, the present article aims to carry out a comparative analysis of the acoustic insulation properties between the ICF method and the conventional masonry method through data collection performed by a digital sound level meter while its analysis is performed with the aid of Excel. As it is a work based on the volume of collected data, it has a quantitative nature and as the study target is an underexplores topic and focused on a specific case, it is possible to define that the present work is also a case study of an exploratory nature, being that, after carrying out the experiment, the results indicated that the conventional masonry presented an average Leq reduction superior to the ICF by 8.16% compared to the environment.


The mean convergence rate of derivative approximation by quasi-Hermite interpolation operators based on the zeros of extended Chebyshev polynomials of the second kind is obtained.


ABSTRACT Integral to a versatile automated expert diagnostic system is the ability to detect rolling contact bearing wear without specific knowledge of the type or geometry of the bearings in the machine component. The fact that rolling contact bearing faults generate harmonics and sidebands lends itself to the application of Cepstrum analysis. An algorithm is described in which bearing fault related peaks in machinery vibration signatures are identified without reference to predicted bearing tone frequencies. This information is provided as input to an expert diagnostic system and used to identify and quantify rolling contact bearing faults. Several examples of automated expert diagnostic system reporting and results of subsequent machinery inspections are presented.


PurposeIn recognising the weakness of trade unions and the lack of an institutional framework designed to enforce employee rights in an African context, the purpose of this paper is to examine the extent to which human resource (HR) practitioners are perceived to play the role of employee advocate.Design/methodology/approachThe quantitative data set is derived from a sample of 305 respondents (95 HR practitioners, 121 line managers and 89 employees) from Malawi.FindingsDespite the challenges of the context, HR practitioners are perceived by key stakeholders (including line managers and employees) to be playing the role of employee advocate. Standard multiple regression results indicate that the main factor contributing to the perception that HR practitioners are playing this role is their contribution to "motivating employees".Research limitations/implicationsThe study was conducted in Malawi. Further research is necessary to explore the generalisability of the findings to other contexts.Originality/valueThe findings provide an empirical base for future studies which explore perceptions of the employee advocacy role undertaken by HR practitioners in Africa.


Amorphous polymers below their glass-transition temperature are inherently not at equilibrium. As a result, their structures continuously relax in an attempt to reach the equilibrium state. The current models of structural recovery can quantitatively describe the process. One of the parameters needed for the models is the nonlinearity parameter x. It has been proposed that x can be obtained from experimental data with the so-called peak-shift method. In this work, we use the Tool–Narayanaswamy–Moynihan model to identify the factors that determine the accuracy of the peak-shift method and to quantify the errors in the value of x obtained from the peak-shift method. In addition, we determine the influence of the error in x on the evaluation of the nonexponential model parameter β. Finally, the peak-shift method is compared with the traditional curve-fitting method for model parameter determination. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 40: 2027–2036, 2002


Abstract The aim of this research is to understand the description of Business model canvas and to create a design of business transformation. The reseach held at CV. OAG Makassar, It is one of a company that produced spinach chips. In order to complete a valid data, researcher were conducted a participatory action reseach method, where the researcher also involved for more than two months in the company.  The general description of the company was explained in descriptive by describing the company resources position and their performance. Business model and its business transformation model were analized using business model canvas approach and customer emphaty map. The development strategy result of CV AOG business transformation is to improving the preserves of customer segment and so as their resource key. The improvement on value propositions like customer customization services, websites and social media in its value on channels and customer relationship produce a revenue streams from new product selling which made from spinach and other veggies. Improvement also needed in social activities on key activities, increasing partners such as event organizer and delivery services as key partners, also cost added for customization and social activity on cost structure. Keywords : development strategy; bussiness model canvas;  spinach chips.


Issues on solid waste management in the most Asian developing countries is not recent. Unfortunately, Malaysia is still practicing landfilling method to dispose the solid wastes. The apparent consequence of this method is the production of highly polluted wastewater called leachate, which can cause several inconveniences and issues. The characterization of landfill leachate is merely important because it can guide towards the possible appropriate treatment. The main focus of this study was to analyse the leachate characteristics at Simpang Renggam Landfill Site, Johor, Malaysia for five consecutive months from January to May of 2018. There were 16 analyzed parameters; namely temperature, pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), conductivity, suspended solids (SS), colour, turbidity, ammonia (NH3-N), dissolved oxygen (DO), chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), BOD5/COD ratio, as well as heavy metals (iron (Fe), chromium (Cr), arsenic (As), lead (Pb)). All parameters were analyzed according to the Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, and have followed the procedures of respective instruments. Leachate in SRLS could be classified as stabilized ones, by considering the characteristics and the age of landfill. SRLS is recommended to upgrade its management system for better waste disposal and leachate treatment.


The Japanese art films of the mid-1960s, also known as the so-called Japanese New Wave, are often praised by film scholars, but its formal elements and common characteristics are not often discussed. Thus, through the use of directors representative of the period, such as Hani Susumu, Matsumoto Toshio, Oshima Nagisa, and Teshigahara Hiroshi, this talk analyzes the features of outstanding examples of mid-1960s film, focusing especially on Avant-Garde, Documentary, and Allegory as common characteristics.


This study employs panel data for 58 countries from 1980-2010, to investigate the dynamic relationship between economic freedom and income inequality. Both linear and non-linear (Panel Smooth Threshold Regression) cointegration estimation methods are used to identify a long-run equilibrium relationship between the overall economic freedom index and its components, and income inequality. The linear long-run parameter estimates for the entire panel of countries show that the association is negative, while the non-linear long-run parameter estimates indicate that above a threshold point the association between economic freedom and income inequality is negative, while below this threshold point the association is positive.


It seems hard to believe that homeopathic solutions, often diluted so much as to contain no molecules of the active ingredient, could have any therapeutic effect. However, results of several recent studies have suggested otherwise, leading Scottish investigators to undertake this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled …


Directed against the complicated but not structuralized geographic environment,a kind of new typed moving platform based on planet gear train was developed.The calculation and analysis of structural design have been carried out on the transmission system of this platform.The platform prototype was manufactured by adopting the result of calculation.Experiments have been carried out in various kinds of complicated topography,and the result showed that this platform possesses very strong functions of surmounting obstacles,striding ditches,climbing stairs,climbing steep ascent and of their complex,thus explored a direction for the research of the new mechanism of moving platform that possesses the composite functions of wheels and legs.


Successful decision-making by transportation agencies lies in enabling communication and dialogue with the public, stakeholders, and technical specialists. In the summer of 2007, the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT), in collaboration with the RAND Corporation and NuStats, conducted a pilot program to test the use of an "online jam," a web-based online discussion venue, and assess its potential for informing policy and program decision-making. The use of Internet websites has become a popular tool to educate and inform the public about transportation issues, but typically, it has been a one-way communication flow from transportation agency to the stakeholder. In recent years, however, online surveys, blogs, podcasts, and polling have made web-based, two-way communication more commonplace for gauging public sentiment and gathering input. An online jam uses collaborative software to enable group interaction in a computer-mediated, virtual environment. Unlike traditional public involvement techniques such as in-person meetings, where ideas or thoughts are offered one at a time in a very linear and structured manner, the online jam enhances the free flow of ideas among many persons at once. The venue allows public agencies, like TxDOT, to move beyond using the worldwide web as an information sharing vehicle for posting content to creating online communities for targeted, analytical dialog to inform decision-making. Still, there are some impediments to its practical use. For instance, the topic must be of clear interest and importance to the stakeholders in order to successfully recruit sufficient participants to create a meaningful dialogue. Second, it is important to identify situations in which online jams would clearly be a better choice than other engagement tools. This paper introduces the role of online dialogues in engaging the public and others in policy transportation decision-making by sharing the TxDOT Online Jam experience. It describes the process for conducting the online jam and offers a set of considerations in deciding to incorporate an online jam into your public involvement program.


Deformable medical image registration is a fundamental and critical task in medical image analysis. Recently, deep learning-based methods have rapidly developed and have shown impressive results in deformable image registration. However, existing approaches still suffer from limitations in registration accuracy or generalization performance. To address these challenges, in this paper, we propose a pure convolutional neural network module (CVTF) to implement hierarchical transformers and enhance the registration performance of medical images. CVTF has a larger convolutional kernel, providing a larger global effective receptive field, which can improve the network's ability to capture long-range dependencies. In addition, we introduce the spatial interaction attention (SIA) module to compute the interrelationship between the target feature pixel points and all other points in the feature map. This helps to improve the semantic understanding of the model by emphasizing important features and suppressing irrelevant ones. Based on the proposed CVTF and SIA, we construct a novel registration framework named PCTNet. We applied PCTNet to generate displacement fields and register medical images, and we conducted extensive experiments and validation on two public datasets, OASIS and LPBA40. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and generality of our method, showing significant improvements in registration accuracy and generalization performance compared to existing methods. Our code has been available at https://github.com/fz852/PCTNet.


This paper investigates whether minorities always benefit from financial inclusion. We show that the Freedman's Savings Bank, established in 1865 after the Civil War, collected deposits from recently freed enslaved people through an intensive marketing campaign based on coercive language and false claims. The advertising intensified when the bank started offering fraudulent loans to white businessmen, contributing to the bank failure in 1874. Our findings support a predatory view of financial inclusion: the negative effects of the large fraud and abuse of trust at the bank led to significant losses for Black depositors.


This paper expounds the generation and development process of animation and the appearance of animation industry, analyzes the appearance, nature and expression form of cosplay, and according to the category systems of Chinese Library Classification (Fifth Edition), studies the classification of cosplay from a new angle, making the classification of cosplay works and animation works concentrated.


If Congress has delegated lawmaling authority to an agency and has not specifically addressed an issue covered by the statute, the Supreme Court's Chevron doctrine requires judges to defer to reasonable agency interpretations.1 Justice Scalia maintains that deference is grounded, at least in part, in the executive branch's own lawmaking authority; hence, judges should defer to virtually all agency interpretations not inconsistent with statutory plain meaning.2 This Symposium reveals that Scalia's reading is gathering academic support.3 Yet the Court continues to reject his understanding of Chevron, as illustrated by the recent decision of Gonzales v. Oregon.4 The Federal Controlled Substances Act of 1970 (CSA) makes it a crime to possess or distribute addictive or psychotropic drugs.' The Act requires doctors to register before they can issue such controlled substances, and the Attorney General has the authority to deny registration when it would be in the "public interest."6 In 1994, Oregon's legislature enacted a statute authorizing doctors to administer lethal drugs to terminally ill patients.7 Concluding that Oregon's


By single factor randomized block design,effects of spraying different concentrations of "total nutrient fruit and vegetable fertilization" on quality and yield of rape under greenhouse cultivation were studied.The results showed that spraying concentrated full nutrient vegetable and fruit fertilizer could remarkably improve the greenhouse rape plant height,chlorophyll content,vitamin C,soluble sugar and yield.At the concentration of 1∶1 000 treatment,rape plant height,leaf chlorophyll content and yield were the highest;concentration of 1∶4 000 treatment,the vitamin C,and soluble sugar content were the highest.


Abstract Objective To evaluate patterns of physical activity (PA), the prevalence of physical inactivity and the relationships between PA and sociodemographic, clinical and biochemical parameters among Sri Lankan adults. Design Descriptive cross-sectional study. Setting Nationally representative population-based survey conducted in Sri Lanka. Subjects Data on PA and associated details were obtained from 5000 adults. PA was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (short-form). A binary logistic regression analysis was performed using the dichotomous variable 'health-enhancing PA' (0 = 'active', 1 = 'inactive'). Results Sample size was 4485. Mean age was 46·1 (sd 15·1) years, 39·5 % were males. The mean weekly total MET (metabolic equivalents of task) minutes of PA among the study population was 4703 (sd 4369). Males (5464 (sd 5452)) had a significantly higher weekly total MET minutes than females (4205 (sd 3394); P < 0·001). Rural adults (5175 (sd 4583)) were significantly more active than urban adults (2956 (sd 2847); P < 0·001). Tamils had the highest mean weekly total MET minutes among ethnicities. Those with tertiary education had lowest mean weekly total MET minutes. In all adults 60·0 % were in the 'highly active' category, while only 11·0 % were 'inactive' (males 14·6 %, females 8·7 %; P < 0·001). Of the 'highly active' adults, 85·8 % were residing in rural areas. Results of the binary logistic regression analysis indicated that female gender (OR = 2·1), age >70 years (OR = 3·8), urban living (OR = 2·5), Muslim ethnicity (OR = 2·7), tertiary education (OR = 3·6), obesity (OR = 1·8), diabetes (OR = 1·6), hypertension (OR = 1·2) and metabolic syndrome (OR = 1·3) were all associated with significantly increased odds of being physically 'inactive'. Conclusions The majority of Sri Lankan adults were 'highly active' physically. Female gender, older age, urban living, Muslim ethnicity and tertiary education were all significant predictors of physical inactivity. Physical inactivity was associated with obesity, diabetes, hypertension and metabolic syndrome.


For support stable optical axes of diagnostic system and exception of temperature source and receiver dependence is advantageous to both functions coincidence in one elements. This possibility is enable due to semiconductor lasers feedback effect. The semiconductor laser performance with external feedback is described by complex resonator.


Historically, anomalous cosmic rays (ACRs) were thought to be accelerated at the solar-wind termination shock (TS) by the diffusive shock acceleration process. When Voyager 1 crossed the TS in 2004, the measured ACR spectra did not match the theoretical prediction of a continuous power law, and the source of the high-energy ACRs was not observed. When the Voyager 2 crossed the TS in 2007, it produced similar results. Several possible explanations have since appeared in the literature, but we follow the suggestion that ACRs are still accelerated at the shock, only away from the Voyager crossing points. To investigate this hypothesis closer, we study ACR acceleration using a three-dimensional, non-spherical model of the heliosphere that is axisymmetric with respect to the interstellar flow direction. We then compare the results with those obtained for a spherical TS. A semi-analytic model of the plasma and magnetic field backgrounds is developed to permit an investigation over a wide range of parameters under controlled conditions. The model is applied to helium ACRs, whose phase-space trajectories are stochastically integrated backward in time until a pre-specified, low-energy boundary, taken to be 0.5 MeV n−1 (the so-called injection energy), is reached. Our results show that ACR acceleration is quite efficient on the heliotail-facing part of the TS. For small values of the perpendicular diffusion coefficient, our model yields a positive intensity gradient between the TS and about midway through the heliosheath, in agreement with the Voyager observations.


During the shelf life of truss tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.), the fruit firmness, flesh firmness and pectin content declined; the soluble pectin content increased; the activity of PG presented peak variation which was less than that of the normal tomatoes.


Special issues of Journalism Studies are intended to highlight expansive areas of study within the broader field, provide a cogent set of essays clustered around cognate themes and provide opportunities for subject specialist editors to convey their knowledge and enthusiasm for their subject to a wider audience. This issue of the journal devoted to Language and Journalism offers no exception to these ambitions. I am extremely grateful to Guest Editor John Richardson for identifying and reminding me of the significance of the study of language and journalism for the discipline of journalism studies. He has gathered together an extraordinarily engaging and high-quality crop of comparative essays by an internationally distinguished group of scholars which, he suggests, although ''necessarily selective, collectively . . . represent some of the breadth and depth of work being written on the language of journalism''. Reading this collection has certainly set this editor thinking afresh about the importance, relevance and consequences of research focused on language and journalism for journalism studies more generally. I believe these essays will become a reference point within the literature and a ''must read'' collection of work for all students of journalism. As Editor, I would like to thank Colleen Cotter (Queen Mary, University of London) for her careful reading of the essays presented here and her supportive and insightful comments upon them. I would also like to encourage journalists and scholars of journalism studies to contact me (firstname.lastname@example.com) to discuss ideas for possible future special issues of Journalism Studies. Other themed issues are already planned or in press including a collection of selected papers analysing ''The Future of Newspapers'' deriving from the conference held at the Cardiff School in September 2007 as well as a special issue edited by Henrik Ornebring focused on the theme ''Questioning European Journalism''.


In artificial intelligence, knowledge representatio n is a combination of data structures and interpretive pro cedures that leads to knowledgeable behavior. Therefore, it is r equired to investigate such knowledge representation technique in which knowledge can be easily and efficiently represented in computer. For better result knowledge should be organized in better way. Hence, a structure for that knowledge is required. The knowledge representation techniques are divided in to two cat egories declarative and procedural .This research paper com pares various declarative knowledge representation techniques and proves that predicate logic is a more efficient and more accura te knowledge representation scheme.


Many famous doctors and representative works appeared in the rule of the Qing Dynasty in Fengtian area.They did a lot of contributions to the basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine,pharmacology,traditional Chinese and Western medicine,pediatrics and medical science,and they were the precious wealth and the most important component in Liaoning culture of TCM.We should make further efforts for exploring the full protection of them.


Summary form only given. The design procedure, fabrication details and experimental results of a high-energy capacitor bank is reported in this paper. The bank consists of 8 capacitors connected in parallel, each having a capacitance of 178 muF giving a total of 1424 muF. The bank is charged at 15 kV using a 28 kV power supply which charges the capacitors in 65 seconds utilizing full wave-charging technique. The total energy of the bank is 160 kJ at 15 kV. A modeling of power supply was done so that all the components involved are utilized to their operating limits safely. Moreover, to give fault protection to the capacitor bank we have implemented neutral control technique in the power supply. The capacitor bank is discharged to the inductive load through an ignitron switch of very high Coulomb rating and capable of withstanding high voltages at its electrodes. We have also successfully tested our fiber optic isolated voltage diagnostic system on this high-energy capacitor bank. The cables used for connecting capacitor bank with ignitron switch are used in parallel to give them collective capability of bearing bank discharge currents. These cables are capable of holding high DC voltages (40 kV), which appear at the time of charging of the bank. To check the current delivering capability of bank, it is discharged through a small inductive load made of thick copper wire. The bank is fabricated for various plasma applications requiring production of high magnetic fields


The invention discloses a door and window handle lock, which comprises a handle, a lock body with a rotating part and a rotating shaft with a polygonal section. The polygonal rotating shaft is inserted into polygonal installation holes of the handle and the rotating part to connect the rotating part with the handle, and spring sheets capable of clamping the rotating shaft into the polygonal installation holes are arranged at inner corners of the polygonal installation holes of the handle and the rotating part. As the spring sheets are installed in gaps among the rotating shaft and the installation holes, the rotating shaft is clamped in the installation holes, loosening due to the gaps is prevented, and the door and window handle lock is firm and reliable in assembly, simple in structure and convenient in assembly, and has fewer parts.


This chart documents several aspects of the men who voted at Lynchburg on February 2, 1836. The chart notes the following about each voter, and whether they appear in the following records: Veteran of San Jacinto who received land for military service; 1830 Census of Texas; Harris County probate; Harris County deeds; and other vital records.


The experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of varying levels of ratio of nitrogen to sulphur(N/S)on nutrient utilization,wool production and relative blood indices in Angora rabbit.The dietary levels of N/S were 9.99:1,7.91:1 and 5.97:1.Twenty-four adult Angora rabbits were allocated to three groups randomly,with eight Angora rabbits per group.9.99:1 N/S groups showed higher acid detergent fiber(ADF) apparent digestibility,apparent digestibility of dry matter(DM) and organic matter(OM) had the highest value when N/S was 7.91:1.When the N/S value decreased,nitrogen apparent digestibility,nitrogen retention(RN,g/d) and the efficiency of digestible nitrogen converted into retention nitrogen(RN/DN,g/d) dropped(P0.05).Nitrogen apparent digestibility,RN and RN/DN were 62%,1.24g/d and 50% when the N/S value was 9.99:1.Wool production was the highest in 70 days when N/S was 9.99:1,the estimate yearly wool yield was 862.67g,the average wool length was 5.44cm and serum urea nitrogen concentration was 131.11mg/DL.When the N/S value decreased,serum urea nitrogen concentration dropped(P0.05).The effects of varying levels of N/S values on serum cholesterol concentration did not show regular pattern.


With New Orleans and the Gulf Coast still suffering from the devastation of Hurricane Katrina, the NSB wants to reduce vulnerability to future storms through increased research.


According to feature point detection algorithm with large computation of blood pressure measurement based on ECG and PPG,a feature point detection algorithm w as proposed based on an improved difference method. The efficiency of the improved algorithm and the accuracy of the feature point detection had been largely improved. Through correlation analysis and regression analysis of the sampling data,the SBP( systolic blood pressure) had a strong correlation w ith PWTT( pulse w ave transmit time),but DBP( diastolic blood pressure) had a moderate correlation w ith PWTT. The experimental results indicated that using the improved algorithm,the PWTT could be calculated accurately, and then the SBP could be obtained. Also the deviation requirement could be met to noninvasive blood pressure measurement of AAMI.


This paper is concerned with the existence and uniqueness of random periodic solutions for stochastic differential equations (SDEs), where the drift terms involved need not to be uniformly dissipative. On the one hand, via the reflection coupling approach, we investigate the existence of random periodic solutions in the sense of distribution for SDEs without memory, where the drifts are merely dissipative at long distance. On the other hand, via the synchronous coupling strategy, we establish respectively the existence of pathwise random periodic solutions for functional SDEs with a finite time lag and an infinite time lag, in which the drifts are only dissipative on average rather than uniformly dissipative with respect to the time parameters.


Smart environments (homes, factories, hospitals, buildings) contain an increasing number of IoT devices, making them complex to manage. Today, in smart homes when users or triggers initiate routines (i.e., a sequence of commands), concurrent routines and device failures can cause incongruent outcomes. We describe SafeHome, a system that provides notions of atomicity and serial equivalence for smart homes. Due to the human-facing nature of smart homes, SafeHome offers a spectrum of visibility models which trade off between responsiveness vs. isolation of the smart home. We implemented SafeHome and performed workload-driven experiments. We find that a weak visibility model, called eventual visibility, is almost as fast as today's status quo (up to 23% slower) and yet guarantees serially-equivalent end states.


Nowadays the environmental, social and economic problems have been great challenges, as resource use and environmental degradation, human population and consumption growth. The argumentation about circular economy conceptualization and impllementation has been intensified recently and it is considered useful to understand how resources can be used most efficiently. A large amount of waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) is generated worldwide, causing a problem for their disposal and an alternative use has become an important challenge. High Impact Polystyrene (HIPS) is one of the most common and abundant polymers in the WEEE. The reinforced polymer matrices are receiving attention because of the good mechanical and thermal properties. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the material circularity index (MCI) of the composites of recycled HIPS and clay. The complexity of calculation of MCI was observed, considering all the material losses during production steps. The recycled HIPS can be reused multiple times, but is eventually discarded as waste. However, the circularity approach would promote a high contribution to sustainable resource use.


Description A combustion-powered soft actuator takes microrobots to new heights and speeds Mobile robots have the potential to be useful, intelligent partners, assisting in needs as diverse as exploration in high-risk environments, domestic service, infrastructural maintenance, and health care. However, building robots to match the nimbleness and efficiency of living organisms, as these applications demand, is difficult owing to the challenges of meeting the energy costs of autonomy. The essential elements of robotics—actuation, perception, and control—pose energy inefficiencies and system-integration constraints that can hamper robot capabilities. Shortcomings in portable energy supplies also hinder the development of deployable mobile robots. At small scales, these challenges are compounded by performance losses from component miniaturization and the limitations of microfabrication and manufacturing (1). On page 1212 of this issue, Aubin et al. (2) describe a chemically powered microactuator that generates rapid, high-force actuation for centimeter-scale robots. It uses the energy released from combustion reactions to bring impressive maneuverability and jumping abilities to insect-scale machines.


Excessive HRAS signaling in Costello syndrome accelerates Ras-specific astroglial development and extracellular matrix accumulation, resulting in premature cortical circuit maturation. Perineuronal nets close the door on brain development Creating a brain is exceedingly complex, so mutations in many different genes can cause the process to go awry. Mutations in one sensitive pathway, Ras signaling, cause a family of neurodevelopmental disorders called RASopathies. Krencik et al. have used patient-derived iPSCs and mutant mice to demonstrate that the mutation in HRAS that causes one RASopathy—Costello syndrome—acts by accelerating astrocyte differentiation. The authors examined astroglial development from patient iPSCs in vitro and, similarly, astroglial development in vivo in mice carrying the same mutation as that found in Costello syndrome patients. The authors suggest that premature formation of perineuronal nets around neurons may close the experience-dependent development of the brain, producing the typical intellectual disability in Costello syndrome patients. Astrocytes produce an assortment of signals that promote neuronal maturation according to a precise developmental timeline. Is this orchestrated timing and signaling altered in human neurodevelopmental disorders? To address this question, the astroglial lineage was investigated in two model systems of a developmental disorder with intellectual disability caused by mutant Harvey rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (HRAS) termed Costello syndrome: mutant HRAS human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and transgenic mice. Human iPSCs derived from patients with Costello syndrome differentiated to astroglia more rapidly in vitro than those derived from wild-type cell lines with normal HRAS, exhibited hyperplasia, and also generated an abundance of extracellular matrix remodeling factors and proteoglycans. Acute treatment with a farnesyl transferase inhibitor and knockdown of the transcription factor SNAI2 reduced expression of several proteoglycans in Costello syndrome iPSC-derived astrocytes. Similarly, mice in which mutant HRAS was expressed selectively in astrocytes exhibited experience-independent increased accumulation of perineuronal net proteoglycans in cortex, as well as increased parvalbumin expression in interneurons, when compared to wild-type mice. Our data indicate that astrocytes expressing mutant HRAS dysregulate cortical maturation during development as shown by abnormal extracellular matrix remodeling and implicate excessive astrocyte-to-neuron signaling as a possible drug target for treating mental impairment and enhancing neuroplasticity.


Mrs. Deri, after stating that in Hungary today there is a satisfactory number of women students in higher education, splits up the total figures for women students at university into fields of study and shows which ones women usually prefer. She then reviews briefly the results of a sociological survey concerning various questions related to women in higher education, before and after graduation, their professional choices and career opportunities Mrs. Vera Deri is attached to the Pedagogical Research Centre for Higher Education, Budapest, Hungary


The brown rust susceptible sugarcane genotype B4362 was subjected to in vitro tissue culture and physical and chemical mutation induction procedures. Five brown rust resistant mutants with hypersensitive response to Puccinia melanocephala were selected out of a total population of 11 167 regenerated plants. High selection frequency was obtained with both mutagenic treatments, although chemical mutagenesis (NaN3) resulted in higher selection frequencies for brown rust resistance than gamma irradiation (60Co). The brown rust resistant mutants showed variations in molecular, morphological, and agronomic traits. Traits such as internode shape, bud shape, leaf sheath hairiness, outer auricule shape, intensity of flowering, stool growth habit, number of stalks per stool, and smut susceptibility were modified in brown rust resistant mutants. In addition, sugar yield was improved in two mutants with increments in stalk length, stalk number, and stalk diameter. Mutation induction proved to be suitable for the generation of new sources of brown rust resistance in sugarcane.


For high precision and low cost, the heart rate monitor system by using NodeMcu was invented which can be used in several applications such as patient treatment and monitoring in places away from the center of cities for the initial diagnosis purpose, elderly health care or sport training. in this paper a new system for detecting and remote monitoring cardio-vascular pulse wave was invented which depends on the NodeMcu board which is built-in a Wi-Fi module with an easy pulse sensor. In this proposed system the easy pulse sensor which has been used for detecting of heart rate and send it to NodeMcu board which transmits such data to the intended destination using the internet. The basic work of heartbeat Sensor used in this design depends on the principle of photo plethysmography to obtain vital information of the heartbeat from the skin surface. the calculation of heart beat was done using two methods, first by tracking the peaks in the PPG waveform while the second way by calculate the frequency of the digital output wave form which is simultaneous to the heart rate pulse. The preliminary result show that the new system is more reliable and lower cost compare with other system based on IOT Microcontroller and gives good and optimum results.


Population growth has created an expanding gap between the supply and demand of both energy and chemicals. Nonrenewable fossil sources, such as coal, natural gas, and petroleum, are the source of nearly 86 % of the world's energy and 96 % of its organic chemicals. Diminishing reserves of these sources, rising atmospheric CO2 levels, and socioeconomic concerns require a reduction of our dependence on these sources. Furanics, such as 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural (HMF), hold special promise because their carbon skeletons are identical to those in cellulose and hemicellulose, which are the most abundant organic molecules on our planet. HMF could serve as a sustainable source of liquid fuels and chemicals (Scheme 1).


This study aims to determine the effect of the PjBL learning model on students' problem-solving abilities on the material of Static Fluids at MA Sabilurrasyad in Class XI MIA 1 and XI MIA II. The type of research used is a quasi-experimental which aims to determine the problem solving ability of students who learn to use PjBL and conventional models. Data analysis was obtained from the results of the pretest and posttest of students using SPSS. Based on the results of the one-way ANOVA analysis, F-count 182.34 was obtained with a P-value (0.000 < 0.05) which means that there is a very significant difference in problem solving ability between the experimental class and the control class. The percentage score of problem solving ability at the logical solution level is 50% in the experimental class. While the percentage in the control class at the level of students' logical physics solutions is 0%. Students still have difficulty at the stage of connecting some physics concepts and determining solutions.


Zn-30%Al alloy was taken as study object,Zn-Al alloys of different content of RE(La,Ce) are cast.Their electrochemical performances are tested with constant current method.Microstructures are also observed and analyzed by metallographic microscope,in order to study the alloy surface dissolution conditions affected by the type and content of alloying elements.Conclusions as follows: the corrosion potential and open circuit potential becomes more negative and less the rate of self-corrosion in Zn-Al-Re in 3.5%NaCl solution after mixed with rare earth(La,Ce) addition.Also,the same result was revealed in 1 mol/L HCl solution,Zn-Al alloy with 1.0% Re content shows the best corrosion resistance,which surface produce a dense passive film.