In order to create high quality campus environment,from landscape design principle,general idea and other aspects the landscape design in new campus of university is discussed.Author points out that good campus environment plays important roles in refining students and teachers' sentiments,building good image for university,preserving historical culture and increase working and learning efficiency.


The paper considers scenarios of head-on impact on vertical obstacles and destruction of hummock subsurface parts represented as a discrete spherical-element medium. The issues analyzed include the 2-phase nature of interaction and destruction of a loose and connected medium and also the cyclic pattern of loading and dynamic effects emerging in interaction with the hummock keel. The contact local stress in the subsurface part is determined by solving the Hertz equation which describes the indent of a sphere into a plane slab. Structural bonds are destructed when cohesion vanishes over the sliding plane. In the initial phase, a frozen ice ridge disintegrates as an perfectly plastic body with small angle of cohesion, while the second phase is viewed as dozing the sliding prism as a loose discrete body. This model allows for spatial effects in distortion of the subsurface part of an ice ridge. The dynamic effect is noted to increase with the size of hummock fragments, hummock speed and size.© 2004 ASME


The Covid-19 pandemic that attacks most countries in the world, including Indonesia, shows an increase over time and causes more casualties and material losses, which have implications for social, economic and social welfare aspects. In accordance with the President's instructions, the policy to prevent the spread of Covid-19 has become the autonomy of each local government in Indonesia. Local governments are expected to realize the urgency of data transparency for the public in their policies because data transparency is one form of government accountability in realizing Good Governance. In this study, the researcher wanted to examine the implementation of good governance in the aspect of data transparency in Central Java province related to Covid-19. Central Java Province is a province that is in the top seven with the highest number of Covid-19 sufferers in Indonesia (update data until July 10, 2020). In this study, researcher's processed big data from 36 online mass media articles from March to June 2020 which contained the statement of the Governor of Central Java. Then processed using the Orange application.


Summary

1. Increasing temperature and invading species may interact in their effects on communities. In this study, we investigated how rising temperatures alter larval interactions between a naturally range-expanding dragonfly, Crocothemis erythraea, and a native northern European species, Leucorrhinia dubia. Initial studies revealed that C. erythraea grow up to 3.5 times faster than L. dubia at temperatures above 16 °C. As a result, we hypothesised that divergent temperature responses would lead to rapid size differences between coexisting larvae and, consequently, to asymmetric intraguild predation at higher ambient temperatures.

2. Mortality and growth rates were measured in interaction treatments (with both species present) and non-interaction controls (one species present) at four different temperature regimes: at an ambient temperature representative of central Germany, where both species overlap in distribution, and at temperatures increased by 2, 4 and 6 °C.

3. The mortality of C. erythraea did not differ between treatment and control. In contrast, mortality of L. dubia remained similar over all temperatures in the controls, but increased with temperature in the presence of the other species and was significantly higher there than in the controls. We concluded that L. dubia suffered asymmetric intraguild predation, particularly at increased temperature. Reduced growth rate of L. dubia in the interaction treatment at higher temperatures also suggested asymmetric competition for prey in the first phase of the experiment.

4. The results imply that the range expansion of C. erythraea may cause reduction in population size of syntopic L. dubia when temperature rises by more than 2 °C. The consequences for future range patterns, as well as other factors that may influence the interaction in nature, are discussed.


This paper evaluates rasterization strategies and the benefit of hierarchical representations, in particular attribute profiles, to classify urban scenes issued from multispectral LiDAR acquisitions. In recent years it has been found that rasterized LiDAR provides a reliable source of information on its own or for fusion with multispectral/hyperspectral imagery. However previous works using attribute profiles on LiDAR rely on elevation data only. Our approach focuses on several LiDAR features rasterized with multilevel description to produce precise land cover maps over urban areas. Our experimental results obtained with LiDAR data from university of Houston indicate good classification results for alternative rasters and even more when multilevel image descriptions are used.


In Crohn's disease (CD), knockdown of Smad7, an inhibitor of Transforming Growth Factor (TGF)‐β1 activity, with a specific antisense oligonucleotide (GED0301) seems to be safe and tolerable and associates with TGF‐β1‐mediated suppression of inflammatory pathways.


We describe a new dual algorithm for the minimum cost flow problem. It can be regarded as a variation of the best known strongly polynomial minimum cost flow algorithm, due to Orlin, and has the same running t ime of O(mlogm(m + n logn) ) . However, in contrast to Orlin's algorithm we work directly with the capaci tated network (rather than transforming it to a t ransshipment problem). Thus our algorithm may be more efficient in practice. Our algorithm can be interpreted as a cut cancelling algorithm, improving the best known strongly polynomial bound for this important class of algorithms by a factor of m. On the other hand, our algorithm can be considered as a variant of the dual network simplex algorithm. Although dual network simplex algorithms a r e quite efficient in practice, the best worst-case running time known so far exceeds the running time of our algorithm by a factor of n.


I have utilized in the title the implicit similarity with the commonly known and indisputable fact – 'water as the primary substance of vital functions'. Thus I hold, that the 'water' for the Patent Law is the legal definition of the term 'invention' as the primary substance for "vital functions" of the Patent Law. The definitions are important enough in traditional life, but in the information arrangement, including in patenting, ones are especially important.At the same time it is reality that unfortunately in majority Patent Laws (Acts) worldwide as well as in international agreements are lacking the legal definition of the term 'invention' as the basic concept in these important documents, not to mention the legal definition of the patentable invention as the legal object, which shall be derived directly from this basic concept.I give myself account that my 'taking the floor' concerns 'works and performances' of many responsible officials of many-featured patent systems, but adequate harmonization of patent systems, at this in first priority the most important terms of the patent laws, is highly desirable not only from the business perspective, but also as Lord Hoffmann has stated: 'Whenever anything inventive is done for the first time it is the result of the addition of a new idea to the existing stock of knowledge'.Altogether my communication contains inter alia my constructive proposal to take into use in patenting the inventions the systematic and idea-centered model of legal thought as the real world (reality considerable world, opposite to the fixed and retentive from traditions one) paradigm. This paradigm makes available to understand very clearly, why we are in need of the legal definition of the term 'invention' for the 'vital functions' of the Patent Law. The mentioned proposal is based on my circa 25 years periodic watch of developments of the leading patent systems.NB! You should acquaint yourself also with my other papers at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=2065060http://ssrn.com/abstract=2171723http://ssrn.com/abstract=2246154


This chapter uses the three key employment relationship objectives identified by pluralist employment relations theory—efficiency, equity, and voice—to define the elements of job quality. This unique approach results in the principle that high-quality jobs are those that deliver efficiency, equity, and voice for workers and organizations whereas low-quality jobs lack efficiency, equity, and/or voice. The resulting job quality measures are new additions to the scholarly literature and policy statements on job quality, especially with respect to efficiency and voice. Notably, the foundational use of efficiency, equity, and voice uniquely indicated that good jobs are not only those that are good for workers, but are also productive jobs that serve organizational and societal interests and that provide multiple channels of voice. Pluralist industrial relations thought is also used to inform strategies for achieving high levels of job quality. In contrast to alternative perspectives that rely on markets or organizational leaders, a pluralist industrial relations approach focuses attention on how to structure capitalist, non-market institutions to promote desirable levels of job quality. Legal interventions in the United States and Europe that can promote job quality by improving efficiency, equity, and/or voice are used as illustrations.


A hardware detector for pi /4 QPSK modulation is described. The digitally adjustable diversity detector integrated circuit (DADD IC) is composed entirely of digital logic circuitry and offers significant size and current drain reductions over conventional DSP-based demodulation techniques. The DADD circuit performs two-branch demodulation with the following key features: post-detection diversity phase combining; long-loop and short-loop frequency control; fast-acquisition decision-directed clock recovery with fade protection, and channel quality estimation. The DADD can be readily configured for various data rates, intermediate frequencies, and reference oscillator frequencies. Moreover, with minor modifications the DADD IC can be used to detect other digitally phase or frequency modulated waveforms. As simulations and bench measurements demonstrate, the DADD IC offers excellent static and faded bit error rate performance for either continuous or burst-mode applications.<<ETX>>


Natural family planning (NFP) is an idea that has come to couples throughout the US through programs sponsored by dioceses parishes the federal government and independent groups. Lawrence Kane executive director of the Human Life and Natural Family Planning Foundation reports that there are 160 diocesan related programs in the country. Some are grassroots groups. Some such as the Couple-to-Couple Program have national connections. Some train their own teachers while others send couples to other areas for teacher training. In New England regional groups come together to benefit from others expertise. The AWARE program of Greater Kansas City has a training parocedure much like the training program of the Twin Cities Natural Family Planning Center Inc. which teaches couples and trains instructors for all over the US. Instructors must use the method for at least 6 months before the can become teachers. AWARE teaches the method to engaged couples and also sponsor a Fertility Awareness program for juniors and seniors in high school. According to Deacon Muraski the only negative feedback comes from people who cannot see positive aspects to abstinence and who cannot gain confidence in the NFP method. The idea of NFP is spreading so much that the Couple-to-Couple program plans to work in 42 states by fall. The program prepares couples who are interested in teaching the method.


For the stochastic transient analysis of transmission line with parameter uncertainties under plane wave illumination, a random admittance equivalent circuit model was presented. Based on the polynomial chaos theory and stochastic Galerkin method, the random transmission line equation was cast into the augmented deterministic transmission line equation. By virtue of eigenfunction decomposition and appropriate acceleration of convergence, a SPICE-compatible Foster form of admittance equivalent circuit model was obtained. The random boundary condition for non-linear loads was solved by applying the Gauss quadrature rule. Application examples validate the accuracy and efficiency of the presented methodology.


In Indonesia, there are two forms of dispute resolution over Intellectual Property Rights. The first is through the litigation channel and the second is through the Non-Litigation route. Regarding trade disputes over trademark rights, the resolution is also through these two channels. This research specifically examines the settlement of trademark disputes between Geprek Bensu and I Am Geprek Bensu based on Law Number 20 of 2016 concerning Trademarks and Geographical Indications. This research uses research methods of normative law which is carried out through the collection of primary data and secondary data as well as by the literature approach. Data analysis in this study used qualitative data analysis methods.


Improved method for adding an ESD protection device to the MOS circuit intended for large signal. ESD (protection) devices and MOS devices, respectively, separately, at off-chip, is connected to the rigid voltage points, whereby that MOS devices are additionally capacitively load is eliminated. Improved RFMOS amplifier implementing the method of the present invention is provided. Mutual ESD device comprising a back-to-back diode is connected in off-chip to Vdd node and the GND node, thereby amplifying transistor, degrading the ESD device, a performance due to transient forward biasing is insulated from the action (be protected). The method and apparatus can readily be extended to circuit comprising MOS device of any number.


Background Overweight and obesity in adolescents is associated with persistent obesity and higher risk of morbidity and mortality in adulthood. Objective To determine the occurrence of overweight and obesity in adolescents and to identify the associated risk factors. Methods A cross sectional study was carried out on 600 dlildren aged from 11 to 17 years old. Anthropometric measurements induded body weight, height, and triceps skin fdd thickness. The nutritional status was dassified based on BMI using the WHO standard criteria. Three 24-hour dietary recalls were collected to assess the quality of food. A systematic random sampling was made according to school grade and sex. Results Five hundred and fifty two (92%) children met the indusion criteria, 46% were boys and 54% were girls. Most subjects (64%) had nonnal weight, 12% were underweight, 13% were overweight and 11% were obese. Among overweight group, 49% were boys, while among obese group, 53% were boys. On bivariate analysis, it was found that nutritional status had strong relationship with mother's education. On multivariate regression analysis, it was noted that energy expenditure and mother's education had significant negative correlation with the occurrence of overweight and obesity (8=- 0.235; p<0.001 and 8=-0.171; P=0.006) while energy intake and parental obesity had a significant positive correlation (8=0.498; P<0.001 and B=0.128; P<0.001). Conclusions Energy expenditure and mother's education were inversely related to overweight and obesity, while energy intake and parental obesity were proportionally related to overweight and obesity.


ACE inhibitory activity was decreased after Wenqing carp enzymatic hydrolysate was debitterized by activated carbon. Treating the hydrolysate for 3h with 8% powdered activated carbon,ACE inhibition rate reduced 19.76%. OD220 and OD280 value of the hydrolysate dropped significantly after treating with powdered activated carbon,it indicated that powdered activated carbon adsorbed amino acids and peptides strongly and this resulted in remarkable decrease of ACE inhibition rate. Experimental results showed that debittering the hydrolysate with activated carbon to both improve its flavour development performance and maintain relatively high ACE inhibitory activity was not realistic.


corruption due to expansion of governmental work and business which enable accumulation of wealth in a few hands to be diverted in the form of dowry. Section III deals with minorities and human rights where issues related to development of disadvantaged groups like SCs and STs are also discussed. This section should have been more authentic and micro data-based. A. Khan, however, provides insight in the paper on "Educational Backwardness of Muslims". His 15 proposals for redeeming the situation call for serious consideration, though one cam1ot agree with all. Muslims of certain categories have started mobilisation in favour of securing SC and OBC status and we should respond to the. issue right now or resort to "gate-keeping" (to use Easton's term for a regulatory mechanism to deal with demands from the social or cultural environment). Section IV dealing with environmental and developmental issues is the briefest of all. There are references to issues related to developmental projects, like Sardar Sarovar and the Rengali Dam Projects and also to nuclear plants. The threat of displacement of the oustees, 75 per ent of whom have'SC and ST status, is discussed perceptively as constituting negation to right to life and right to information, and the increasing transfer of community resources from the nation to the multinationals is rightly condemned. Pinto raises a pertinent question: Will human rights groups support local groups who are threatened with their very right to life and survival? (p.243). Similarly, S. Chakraborty's question whether development is destruction (pp.254-262); and his plea for strengthening an indigenous development process (p.265) are thought-provoking. Section V, dealing with human rights education, has already been the focal theme of many seminars organised by the Ministry of Human Resources, SIEMA T, SCERT, etc. A Diploma Course in Human Rights has been started; and many more courses are being planned. Papers in this section do not make a substantial contribution in the field to which they are addressed. T.N. Giri's paper dealing with right to education of refugees is an innovative piece, written in brief. It is not clear why right to self-determination/secede and international terrorism, and India's foreign policy and human rights have been incorporated in the section on human rights education. The editors may choose their replacement for them in the next edition; the papers' right to better placement (and not displacerrierit) is their due. Taken as a whole, the book is useful for both students and activists of human rights as will as for institutions dealing with them. The print and get-up are impressive. Since it is a growing subject, the book may need adding more material to some papers and extracting some from others or eliminating a few at the stage of revision.


The article deals with one of the urgent problems of the modern educational process the formation of students' active citizenship, an essential role in the decision of which must play the lessons of history


An experiment is presented which allows the observation of charge-carrier pair formation that precedes electronic transitions such as spin-dependent recombination or spin-dependent transport. It is based on an electrically detected magnetic-resonance-induced rotary echo sequence. The experimental demonstration is performed on precursor (spin) pairs of electrons in the emitter layer of crystalline silicon/amorphous silicon heterostructures. Precursor pair-generation-rate coefficients extracted from these measurements are studied as a function of light intensity and are found to show only a minor dependence on the illumination level indicating that the pair generation is not determined by charge-carrier densities.


Abstract No Socratic theory of forms is implied by the questions Socrates asks in Plato's Euthyphro. His questions appear to commit him to the existence of a certain kind of paradigm form in the Euthyphro, but there is no place for such a form in his philosophy, and that is a good thing, for such a form cannot exist. As stated, the main question does not have an answer, but it is reasonable for Socrates to ask it in the context of Euthyphro's claims. if they could be supported, Socrates' question would have an answer. But Euthyphro's claims are not supportable. The turn toward a paradigm form for piety is a wrong turn; the turn toward the part-whole relation is another. Piety cannot be a proper part of justice on any view that is plausibly Socratic. Piety concerns the whole of virtue in a way that distinguishes it from primary virtues such as justice, and this point prepares the way for Socrates' defense in the Apology.


Using the means of five cranial indices of three early medieval groups from Austria and four comparative series from neighbouring regions (Southern Germany, CSSR and Hungary) distance measures and similarity relations were computed and the applied methods were compared. In addition, the attempt for a better consideration of the biological conditions was made by combining two known methods at a time (Dendrogram by means of (DD)2 distances; population-composition on the basis of adjacent secured comparative series). The results of this study reveal, that using the above cited simple methods on the only basis of the means of five cranial indices a correspondence with the attributions of the three Austrian series cited in the literature and basing on extensive investigations was obtained. Thus a very strong relation -- especially concerning the males -- resulted between the series from Pitten and the Slavic ones, and between the groups of Zwölfaxing -- more expressed in the females -- and the Avaric series. Of special interest are the results of the mixed population of Zwentendorf were the females resemble quite strikingly the Slavic, the males, however, the Bajuvaric comparative series.


It is significant of the fault diagnosis for electrical equipments to improve the production efficiency.With the increasing of equipments complexity,the fault diagnosis is becoming a more and more difficult task.The neural network structure and its learning algorithm are analyzed,and a method of fault diagnosis for electrical equipments based on BP network is proposed.An example of fault diagnosis for engine,the topic on extraction of feature vector and the training of neural network are expatiated.The testing result indicates the superiority of neural network in the area of fault diagnosis for electrical equipments.


Stiff systems of ordinary differential equations are characterized by an initial phase in which the solution changes rapidly. Often there is no interest in reproducing this transient phase. A method is proposed for modifying the initial value if the system of differential equations is separably stiff, i.e. is characterized by the occurrence of a few (typically one) large negative real eigenvalues which dominate the others. The modified system does not possess a transient phase, and in the constant coefficient linear case its solution does not differ from that of the original one in the nonstiff components.


The diagnosis of nodular melanomas can be sometimes difficult, in case they lack the conventional clinical features of melanoma. Herein, we report a case of malignant melanoma mimicking seborrheic keratosis. The clinical diagnosis was seborrheic keratosis. The histopathologic examination revealed nodular melanoma with features of reticulated form of epidermal hyperplasia, pseudohorn cysts, and irregular hyperkeratosis and acanthosis. The tumor was excised with 2.5 cm margins and no remnant of tumor cells was found in the microscopic examination.


CD90 is a glycoprotein involved in leukocyte homing and cell differentiation. In human endometrium CD90 is described on endothelial and stromal cells. If pregnancy occurs, the tissue is infiltrated by immune and trophoblast cells, which cooperate to remodel the tissue. The process requires a fine regulation of cell adhesion and migration. The expression of CD90 on cultured decidual stromal cells and its modulation by trophoblast cells from JAR and JEG-3 cell lines via soluble factors are investigated by flow cytometry. Some of decidual stromal cell lines showed ubiquitous expression of CD90 but in others a coexistence of CD90(high) and CD90(low) decidual stromal cells was observed. Further, a reduction of CD90 expression on decidual stromal cells was defined when decidual stromal cells communicate with trophoblast cells via soluble factors. The results sugguest a trophoblast guided differentiation of decidual stromal cells that could influence immune cells migration and tissue distribution.


The present invention relates to an optical fingerprint sensor, comprising: a backlight unit which emits light; a first pinhole lens which has a hole, transmits the light emitted from the backlight unit and reflected from a fingerprint of a user in a position vertically symmetrical to the hole, and blocks other light except for the light transmitted therethrough; and a photo-sensor unit disposed under the first pinhole lens to sense light transmitted through the hole of the first pinhole lens.


immigration system is broken. However, a divisive and angry debate rages as to what to do. Some call for closed borders, building massive walls, and deportation of "those people" who come to take away jobs from Americans. Others call for humane reform, including total amnesty and the recognition of mobility as a human right. Most Americans find themselves somewhere in the middle –descendents of immigrants (this author has ancestors from Ireland and Poland), sympathetic to those striving for a better life for their families, interested in new cultures, but fearful of the impact on overburdened local schools, hospitals, social services, and jobs. The result is that no one is happy with the current system, including employers, state officials, anti-immigrant forces, immigrant rights advocates, and immigrants themselves (Sherer, 2010). In this environment, the Obama administration's approach has been to mandate greater enforcement of immigration laws since 2009 while calling for comprehensive immigration reform. The president's argument is that strengthening the enforcement of our nation's laws can set the stage for a rational discussion of immigration reform; that once members of Congress see improved actions against lawbreakers, they will be more confident about discussing reforms that may create a lawful path to citizenship. Unfortunately, Congress has resisted passing comprehensive immigration reform, and so the actual result of Obama's policy has been simply a massive enforcement push by the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE). This has not solved the issues, but instead has shown the


Macquarie Island researchers will no longer wake to the night time scrabblings of rodents around their field huts, with the pests now officially eradicated from the island.


In this paper, motivated by the utility of partial metric space applications, the author discussed whether they are a appropriate tool for asymptotic complexity analysis of algorithms. Solidly, the author demonstrates that the fixed point theorem does not constitute, on a basic level, a proper implement for the previously mentioned reason.


(57) Abstract: The present invention provides a polypeptide comprising for use in a method of treatment by therapy of the human or animal body, the transcription factor Brn-3a or a derivative thereof.


Chapter 1: An Introduction To The Theory of Evolution. Chapter 2: Human Genetics. Chapter 3: Population Genetics and Evolution. Chapter 4: Human Adaptations and Variation. Chapter 5: People's Place in Nature. Chapter 6: Comparative Studies: Anatomy and Genetics. Chapter 7: The Social Behavior of Nonhuman Primates. Chapter 8: Human Behavior in Perspective. Chapter 9: The Record of The Past. Chapter 10: The Early Primate Fossil Record. Chapter 11: Australopithecus. Chapter 12: The Genus Homo. Chapter 13: Homo Sapiens. Epilogue.


The concept of the Weak-lindelf property is defined in LF-closure space.The several equivalent conditions and some basic properties of its are discussed.Moreover,it proves a weak-topology invariant property.


Objective Trying to apply optical scanning technology to modernize the older paper medical records in our hospital management.Methods All archived death medical records scanning,there are medical records about 26425.Scan the contents of medical records: Home,hospital records,medical records,course records,course records for the first time,informed consent,order form,supplementary information inspection reports,medical imaging,pathology reports,temperature.Results All archived death medical records have been scanned,and burn a CD.Conclusion ⑴ Changed the way medical records access,facilitates the reproduction of medical records;⑵Increase the security of medical records,reducing wear and loss of medical records;⑶An intensive management,saving storage space;⑷Disc of original historical style,the long-term safe storage;⑸Back-to-back with the hospital HIS systems,medical data can be shared within the hospital.


The effect of the length of inflation on the power spectra of scalar and tensor perturbations is estimated using the power-law inflation model with a scale factor of a(t) = t^q. Considering various pre-inflation models with radiation-dominated or matter-dominated periods before inflation in combination with two matching conditions, the power spectrum of curvature perturbations at large scales is calculated. Comparison of the derived angular power spectrum with the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) data reveals a possibility that the WMAP can be explained by the finite length of inflation model if the length of inflation is near 60 e-folds and q>200.


The first (not necessarily typical) performance measurements on Ga0.5In0.5P/GaAs/Ga0.5In0.5P double-heterojunction bipolar transistors are reported. The measured cutoff frequency and maximum oscillation frequency are 25 and 35GHz, respectively. From various measurements of fT under various bias conditions, the value of the electron saturation velocity in GaInP is determined to be 4.4 × 106cm/s.


RMS may be applied to manufacturing systems for large volume production, such as those used in the auto industry, and can be applied to a small cell of machines, or even to a single machine. The concept in all these applications is the same – purchase exactly the equipment that you need, with the option to change it exactly when your needs will change. Changes may be in the functionality of the equipment or system (i.e., features), and in their capacity (products per day). Changes may be also needed in the reallocation of tasks among machines. All these types of changes require reconfiguration, of hardware and software. The reconfigurable system and reconfigurable machines as well as their software must be designed at the outset to be reconfigurable, quickly and cost-effectively.


Final transport schemes for HIF are examined, with emphasis on transport for p≳10−3 Torr and Z≳1 since this should simplify the reactor design and reduce the length of the accelerator. Specifically the question of charge neutralization is addressed. We find (1) the fractional neutralization f needed scales as fi=(1−Z−2) which means fi≳0.89 is needed for Z≳3; (2) axially‐trapped electrons limit the net beam potential to eφmin=α(1/2 mevi2) with 1≤α≲4; (3) radially‐expelled plasma ions increase fi especially near the pellet; (4) radially‐oscillating plasma electrons have and adiabatic limit of fi≊0.5; and (5) as fi approaches unity, plasma particle trajectories may involve drift motions along and radially away from the ion beam. Also, criteria are given for the maximum Z/A allowed for transporting very large currents. For the HIF parameters used, it appears that neutralization will probably be adequte for Z≲3.


Consider the Cauchy problem _ x(t) = Ax(t), where A is the innnitesimal generator of an exponentially stable C 0-semigroup T(t) on a Hilbert space H. A method is introduced for constructing semidiscrete Galerkin approximation schemes which preserve (uniformly in the dis-cretization parameter) the exponential stability of the system. The method is based on using an inner product which is equivalent to the energy inner product. Some theoretical results pertaining to the method are given, and the ideas are applied to a model of an elastic string with boundary damping.tion of stability under approximation.


A new identification scheme is developed to determine model parameters of vibrating structures from experimental data. The eigensystem realization algorithm, which forms the basis for a rational choice of model size determined by the singular values and accuracy indicators, is exploited and extended here to identify the mass, damping, and stiffness matrices directly from the singular value decomposition of the Hankel matrix. This approach provides a closed-loop identification framework that feeds back the output of eigensystem realization algorithm (ERA) and modifies the elements and the dimensions of the matrices accordingly by incorporating the model reduction and model refinement algorithm developed in this paper.


Orthogonal experimental on the system of n-octylic acid and magnesium sulfate were carried out to investigate the relationship among temperature,reaction time and the amount of water in the system.The results show that temperature is the critical factor in the process of the formation of organic sulfides,which gives contributions of 59% to the experimental results.The second is the amount of water,26 percent,and reaction time gives less effect.And also,the thermal simulation experiments and kinetics for systems of n-octylic acid with magnesium sulfate and n-octane with magnesium sulfate were carried out.It is shown that solid magnesium sulfate could react with n-octylic and n-octane gas to produce magnesium oxide,hydrogen sulfide,coke,carbon dioxide,and organic sulfides as the main products.With the increasing temperature,the conversion of inorganic sulfur to organic sulfur especially to thiophene sulfur increases.The values of apparent activation energy for n-octylic acid with magnesium sulfate and n-octane with magnesium sulfate are 45.23 kJ·mol-1and 48.6 kJ·mol-1.


an essence of religion beneath various religions, he is inclined to emphasize mutual understanding and appreciation between adherents of the world religions. Even more important to him is the conviction that he is contributing to the knowledge of truth. Such understanding comes only through identification with convinced believers in other religions. As Marcus Bach has put the question, "Suppose I had been born in another faith?" Until one sits for a while where they sit, he cannot understand really their faith. The author considers first the scope and relevance of religious phenomenology in his introduction. Then he divides his work into two parts. Under the national, social, and theological scope, he examines religion and the stature of nations, how religions live, and the idea of God in reIation to the history of religions. In part two he considers the relevance of phenomenology to the history of religions. This involves a study of the major world religions from this viewpoint: Hinduism, Buddhism, Islam, Judaism, and Christianity. His closing chapter treats of modern rivals of living faith: scien tism, nationalism, secularism, historicism, and communism. As the reader comes to the postscript, he feels the author's deepening appreciation of the "values" in other religions. "This volume applauds the effort toward better communication and cooperation among world religions." Jurgi feels that Barth is reluctant to take seriously the crisis precipitated by the fact of world religions. In contrast, the author is convinced that the science of religion requires at least a minimum recognition that in all "high religions" a certain wrestling with the idea of the holy does occur. He closes his study with an emphasis on "the essential characteristic of all religious phenomena: an experience of an encounter with the holy, and correspondingly a response from the holy received in faith." The mature student of religion will recognize in this volume an interesting contribution to the theological discussion of general revelation. This book is on the side of such broad appreciations as to tend toward syncretism as is so much of contemporary study. In his enthusiasm for the values of identification, the student would do well to remember that Jurgi himself wrote an earlier book entitled T h e Inteypetation of Religion; in it he took his stand within the Christian faith and wrote a theological interpretation of religion as seen from this perspective. Hendrick Kraemer, himself a distinguished phenomenologist of religion, continues to weigh heavily on the other side of the scales with his insistence on the uniqueness of the Christian faith. Hugo Culpepper


It is well-known that any substitution in intuitionistic propositional logic can be seen as an endomorphism between free Heyting algebras. For a given substitution σ : F (n)→ F (m), (where F (n) is the n-generated free Heyting algebra, n ∈ ω), the theory of σ is the filter σ−1(>). The theory of σ is finitely axiomatizable if σ−1(>) is a principal filter. The formula which generates this filter (axiomatizes the theory of σ) is called an exact formula. It is an immediate consequence of Pitts' uniform interpolation theorem, that for any substitution σ, the theory of σ is finitely axiomatizable, and hence axiomatized by an exact formula. Exact formulas can be characterized purely semantically (in terms of finite Kripke models). We say that a formula φ has the extension property if any disjoint union of finite rooted Kripke models validating φ can be extended to a Kripke model validating φ by adding a new root to the disjoint union. It was proved by Visser (see e.g. [1]) that if φ is exact, then it has the extension property. The more difficult converse has been proved by Ghilardi (see [4]). We investigate n-universal models, the so-called dual models of n-generated free Heyting algebras. n-universal models are, in a sense, the smallest models in which all finite n-models can be p-morphically embedded. A nice description of the formulas with the extension property can be given in these models, especially in the two-variable case. This, by Visser's and Ghilardi's theorems, leads to a characterization of (the infinitely many) exact formulas in two variables. (Note, that as it was shown by de Jongh [2], there are only five exact formulas in one variable.) Using the structure of the n-universal model we will give a relatively simple proof of Ghilardi's (and Visser's) theorems and show that there are exactly n! automorphisms of the n-generated free Heyting algebra.


Dielectric ribbon waveguide supporting the /sub e/HE/sub 11/ dominant model can be made to yield an attenuation constant for this mode of less than 20 dB/km in the millimeter/submillimeter-wavelength range. The waveguide is made with a high-dielectric-constant, low-loss material such as alumina or sapphire. It takes the form of thin dielectric ribbon surrounded by lossless dry air. A detailed theoretical analysis of the attenuation and field extent characteristics for the low-loss dominant /sub e/HE/sub 11/ mode along a ribbon dielectric waveguide was performed using the exact finite-element technique as well as two approximate techniques. Analytical predictions were then verified by measurements on ribbon guides made with rexolite using the highly sensitive cavity resonator method. Excellent agreement was found. >


There is a limited amount of research on drinking behavior of non-whites and almost none on the subject of drinking and driving. Most of the studies have been based on hospital admissions for alcoholism. The U.S. Fatal Accident Reporting System does not consider race of drivers. This study by the Highway Safety Research Center examines the involvement of North Carolina (NC) non-white drivers for the period of 1980 through 1988 and reports on trends in driver licensing, arrests for drinking and driving, SV nighttime and A/R crashes and measured blood alcohol levels in fatalities. It identifies an emerging driving-while-impaired (DWI) problem for non-white, particularly non-white males above the age of twenty. For ages twenty five and higher, rates of non-white males are at least twice those of white males. Similar trends exist in A/R crash involvement rates. Significant trends pertaining to the involvement of non-whites will have implications for the design and implementation of educational, deterrence, enforcement and rehabilitation programmes. (A) For the covering abstract, see IRRD 866577.


Failure analysis of a large forged flange was carried out by fracture observation,chemical composition analysis,metallurgical examination,hardness test,tensile test and impact test.The results show that coarse Widmanstatten structure is the direct cause of the flange brittle fracture.The effect mechanism of the coarse structure on brittle fracture was explained.This metallurgical defect was proved to be related to overheating in the final heat treatment process of flange and can be eliminated by appropriate normalizing process.Correct heat treatment process was adopted.And the impact energy of the material was improved by two orders of magnitude.Finally,the brittleness of the forged flange was solved.


ABSTRACT In this study Lolium perenne plant species was selected for the purpose of investigation of its phytoremediation potential for soil anthracene removal (at 60, 120, 180 mg/kg concentrations) with the aid of growth-promoting bacteria (Bacillus aerophilus) and bacteria population after 45 and 90 days. Results showed that the enhancement of anthracene disappearance is caused by an increase in the microbial community inoculation and microbial activity compared to that in un-inoculated soils. Enhanced dissipation in inoculated versus uninoculated soil with bacteria for Lolium perenne was 77.0–156.5 ppm (for 180 ppm anthracene). Our results show Lolium perenne is suitable candidates for the phytoremediation of soils contaminated with recalcitrant pollutants.


There are nominal compounds in Tshivenḓa but unlike in other languages, there are no verbal compounds. Some nominal compounds are formed by combining two nouns (Noun + Noun) while other nominal compounds are formed by the noun followed by other word categories. Compound nouns formed by Noun + Noun can be divided further into two main types: compound nouns formed by compounding two nouns: and compound nouns formed by compounding two elements where one of the morphemes is a root. The latter category can be further classified into: compound nouns formed by root and noun, compound nouns formed by noun and root and compound nouns formed by root and root. The article investigates the structure of such root compound nouns. It shows that root compound nouns have a structure that is similar to noun compounds, however, each of the three types of root noun compounds exhibits a specific tendency as regards the behaviour of the class prefixes of the original nouns and/or that of the root compound noun.


The selection of a model structure is an essential part of the hydrological modelling process. Recently flexible modeling frameworks have been proposed where hybrid model structures can be obtained by mixing together components from a suite of existing hydrological models. When sufficient and reliable data are available, this framework can be successfully utilised to identify the most appropriate structure, and associated optimal parameters, for a given catchment by maximizing the different models ability to reproduce the desired range of flow behaviour. In this study, we use a flexible modelling framework to address a rather different question: can the most appropriate model structure be inferred a priori (i.e without using flow observations) from catchment characteristics like topography, geology, land use, and climate? Furthermore and more generally, can we define priori probabilities of different model structures as a function of catchment characteristics? To address these questions we propose a two-step methodology and demonstrate it by application to a na-tional database of meteo-hydrological data and catchment characteristics for 89 catchments across the UK. In the first step, each catchment is associated with its most appropriate model structure. We consider six possible structures obtained by combining two soil moisture accounting components widely used in the UK (Penman and PDM) and three different flow routing modules (linear, parallel, leaky). We measure the suitability of a model structure by the probability of finding behavioural parameterizations for that model structure when applied to the catchment under study. In the second step, we use regression analysis to establish a relation between selected model structures and the catchment characteristics. Specifically, we apply Classification And Regression Trees (CART) and show that three catchment characteristics, the Base Flow Index, the Runoff Coefficient and the mean Drainage Path Slope, can be used to predict which model structure is more appropriate. first step to enhance choice of model structures in modeling across with interesting applications for predictions in ungauged that was by the analyses of large datasets.


In this thesis the preparation of some new types of unsaturated ethers, thioethers and selenoethers is described. ... (Zie: Samenvatting)


Canine parvovirus(CPV) and canine adenovirus(CAV) were detected rapidly and handily by electron microscopy andhemagglutination test(HA). The result showed that there were some similar in the two methods, but they were characterized respec-tively. The growth condition of aim virus, integrality of virus particles and whether or not contaminated by disaim viruses, bacteria,mycoplasmas and so on, could be directly shown , especially in electron microscopy. It was very important that the qualities of thevaccine seed virus of animal was detected by election microscopy .


Mental health is increasingly being recognized as both a leading cause of disability worldwide and an important area of opportunity for biological breakthroughs. A major limitation in the current d...


The reverse flotation of iron ores is preceded by a desliming stage whose ef ficiency increases with the use of reagents that promote the dispersion of the pulp. The present study addressed the influence of the type and of the concentration of the dispersant on the dispersion efficiency and on the flotation results. The results were


AIM
The clinical value of two-dimensional ultrasound in examining the menisci of the knee compared to other methods is controversial. We studied the utility diagnosed by three-dimensional sonography in evaluating meniscal tears.

METHOD
96 menisci with standardised artificial lesions were examined in a bath of Ringer solution. Two-dimensional ultrasound was compared to three-dimensional ultrasound, which creates three-dimensional reconstruction of sequential ultrasonographic images.

RESULTS
The three-dimensional ultrasound had a higher sensitivity of 88% vs 69% with a specificity of 83% vs 94% for the diagnosis of meniscal tears compared with the two-dimensional method. The sensitivity in imaging was 54% in each case for longitudinal tears, 63% vs 96% for horizontal tears, 67% vs 37% for oblique tears and 54% vs 0% for radial tears. The difference of these results, however, was not statistically significant. Radial tears were more frequently diagnosed by three-dimensional sonography.

CONCLUSION
In our model, sonographic diagnosis of meniscal tears was improved only partially by using three-dimensional ultrasound. Whether in vivo other factors alter the minimal differences between the two techniques is the subject of ongoing investigation.


To extract two-dimensional principal components from image samples while being insensitive to outliers, we propose a robust model for two-dimensional principal component analysis (robust 2D-PCA) by regularizing sparse penalty term. Moveover, we develop a novel iterative algorithm for robust 2D-PCA via alternating optimization, learning the projection matrices by bi-directional decomposition. To further speed up the iteration, we develop an alternating greedy approach, minimizing over the low-dimensional feature matrix and the sparse error matrix. Experimental results on dynamic background subtraction are evaluated to show the effectiveness of the proposed model, compared with conventional 2D-PCA and robust PCA algorithms.


Estimating the panel gravity model with bilateral pair and country-by-time fixed-effects separately for each seafood product, we found that food safety regulations have differential effects across seafood products. In all three industrialized markets, shrimp is most sensitive, while fish is the least sensitive to changing food safety policies. The enforcement of the US HACCP, the EU Minimum Required Performance Level and the Japanese Food Safety Basic Law caused a loss of 90.45%, 99.47%, and 99.97% to shrimp trade in these markets, and a reduction associated with fish trade was 66.71%, 82.83%, and 89.32%.


March 2005, Vol. 95, No. 3 SAMJ There is growing international agreement on the need to strengthen health systems in all countries and that financing of health care should be seen as an investment rather than merely expenditure. The recent World Health Organization (WHO)hosted Ministerial Summit on Health Systems Research held in Mexico City on 16 20 November 2004, attended by a delegation from the Department of Health led by the Minister of Health, Dr Manto Tshabalala-Msimang, was the latest forum to urge countries to take steps to strengthen their health systems as part of the strategy to achieve the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) for health.


The Advanced Synthetic Aperture Radar (ASAR) selected for the ENVISAT-1 mission of the European Space Agency, represents a sensor of paramount importance for the remote sensing community due to its enhanced flexibility with respect to the ERS AMI synthetic aperture radar. The unique combination of different spatial resolutions, incidence angles, swath width sizes and polarisation diversity will reflect in an increased number of operational modes tailored for a large set of scientific and operational applications. The use of an active antenna concept for tailoring the transmit and receive elevation beams to different mode geometry, a digital generation waveform technique for obtaining variable time-bandwidth products and a block adaptive quantization compression scheme are among the innovative design features of this radar. In this paper, the status of the ASAR instrument development are described, the accomplished project milestones are highlighted together with preliminary instrument performances.


which human B lymphoid cells invade type I collagen gels. Examination of a panel of cell lines reveals that those lines not expressing syndecan-1 invade and migrate within collagen. In contrast, cell lines expressing syndecan-1 fail to invade. To directly assess the effect of syndecan-1 on invasion, ARH-77 cells, which do not express syndecan-1 and readily invade collagen, were


Foreshock transients upstream of Earth's bow shock have been recently observed to accelerate electrons to many times their thermal energy. How such acceleration occurs is unknown, however. Using Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms (THEMIS) case studies, we examine a subset of acceleration events (31 of 247 events) in foreshock transients with cores that exhibit gradual electron energy increases accompanied by low background magnetic field strength and large‐amplitude magnetic fluctuations. Using the evolution of electron distributions and the energy increase rates at multiple spacecraft, we suggest that Fermi acceleration between a converging foreshock transient's compressional boundary and the bow shock is responsible for the observed electron acceleration. We then show that a one‐dimensional test particle simulation of an ideal Fermi acceleration model in fluctuating fields prescribed by the observations can reproduce the observed evolution of electron distributions, energy increase rate, and pitch angle isotropy, providing further support for our hypothesis. Thus, Fermi acceleration is likely the principal electron acceleration mechanism in at least this subset of foreshock transient cores.


Identification of a counterstructure for the human cytomegalovirus‐encoded major histocompatibility complex class I‐related gene product, UL18, has led to the discovery of a novel family of immunoreceptors, termed leukocyte immunoglobulin‐like receptors (LIRs). The LIRs are differentially expressed in cells of the dendritic cell, monocytic and lymphocytic lineages, and appear to mediate diverse roles in immune regulation. This review summarizes the expression, distribution, and signaling capacities of the LIRs and discusses possible roles of the LIRs in both inhibition and activation of the cellular responses. J. Leukoc. Biol. 66: 231–236; 1999.


Let A = kΔ be the path algebra of a finite quiver without orientedcycles. The set of isomorphism classes of multiplicity free tilting modules is in a natural way a partially ordered set. We will show here that T A uniquely determines Δ if Δ has no multiple arrows and no isolated vertices.


Recently shock wave phenomena in living tissues are being widely applied in the fields of medical and chemical engineering, such as extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, bioprocess for environmental protection and tissue engineering. In the field of tissue engineering, the bone therapy to regenerate the bone by extracorporeal shock waves shows the possibility for new therapy. In this paper, to investigate the effects of shock waves on the endothelial cells in vitro, the cells by plane shock waves are observed by microscope and the growth rate and others are measured by image processing. The peak pressure works on the endothelial cells in water at the test case is 0.4 MPa. After working shock waves on suspended cells and fixed cells, the disintegration, shape and growth are investigated. It is found that the younger generation cells have small differences of shape index, and the growth rate of the shock‐worked cells from 0 to 4 h are clearly high compared with control ones. It is concluded that once shock...


A washing apparatus of solar cell and a control method for the same are provided to maximize the generation efficiency of the solar panel by automatically outputting washing solution on the solar panel to cooling the solar panel. While a cleaning unit(30) moves in contact with the upper side of the solar panel(10), the washing solution is sprayed. A lavation supply unit supplies the washing solution to the cleaning unit. A cleaning unit mobile tool operates the cleaning unit to wash the upper side of the solar panel while spraying the washing solution in the cleaning unit. The cleaning unit mobile tool comprises a roller adhered to both ends of the cleaning unit and a guide rail installed at one side of solar panel.


The significance of the virtual experiment in remote education and the test items in SDH system are introduced in this paper.Taking the average emitting optical power measurement for example, this paper describes in details the implementation process of the SDH system virtual experiment in remote education.


Parallel Proceedings and the Doctrine of Lis Pendens in International Commercial Arbitration : A comparative study between the common law and civil law traditions


Hematoxylin is a kind of commonly used traditional Chinese medicine,and it has the effect of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis,and detumescence and relieving pain.It may play an anti-tumor effect by regulating the immune mechanism,but with the stage of disease progress hematoxylin antitumor and antimetastatic effects will gradually weaken,the relevant mechanism is not very clear.Some progress has been made in clinical application and experimental study for how hematoxylin effects on immune system as an immunomodulator in recent years.This article would review its effects on thymus,spleen and the peripheral blood immune cells and immune molecules to guide the future studies.


*Correspondence, Darren Shu Jeng Ting: email@example.com BACKGROUND/AIM: Infectious keratitis (IK) is a major cause of corneal blindness worldwide. This study aimed to develop potent human-derived hybrid host defense peptides (HyHDPs) with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activities for IK.

METHODS
HyHDPs were rationally designed through combination of human cathelicidin (LL-37) and human-beta-defensins (HBDs), and with guidance from molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Efficacy of HyHDPs was determined against a range of bacteria, fungi and Acanthamoeba. Risk of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) was evaluated using multipassage AMR assay. Pre-clinical murine studies were performed to examine the in vivo efficacy and safety of HyHDPs in methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA)-related keratitis.

RESULTS
Hybridisation of LL-37 and HBD-2 led to the development of HDP23, which demonstrated good efficacy against S. aureus and MRSA [minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)=12.5-25.0 µm/ml], but not against fungi or Acanthamoeba. MD simulations provided atomistic insights into the key membrane-active residues and accelerated the discovery of HDP56. Compared to HDP23, HDP56 exhibited 4-32 times improved efficacy against S. aureus, MRSA, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Fusarium solani (MIC=3.1-6.3 µm/ml). At 100 µm/ml, HDP56 exhibited good anti-Acanthamoeba trophozoites efficacy (99.8%) and anti-encystation efficacy (80.9%). S. aureus did not develop any AMR against HDP56 after 15 treatment passages/days but developed significant AMR (32 times increase in MIC) against levofloxacin after 13 passages/days. Pre-clinical murine studies demonstrated strong efficacy and safety of HDP56 (0.5 mg/ml) in treating MRSA-related keratitis (93% reduction in bacteria, which was equally effective to levofloxacin (5 mg/ml).

CONCLUSION
Rational hybridisation of HDPs, with guidance from MD simulations, has enabled the development of a novel HDP-based therapy for IK.


The purpose of this guidebook is to help Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) staff evaluate proposals for using new or existing highway right-of-way (ROW) for high-speed intercity passenger rail (HSIPR) or dedicated freight transportation systems. This guidebook is intended to provide the foundation for a new manual covering such evaluations. This guidebook consists of the following sections: section 1 introduction; section 2 reviews the legal and administrative considerations of using existing highway ROW; section 3 describes the design requirements for different HSIPR and freight technologies, a feasibility analysis methodology, and the conditions of approval needed for projects; section 4 presents highway and road design criteria that accommodate potential co-location with HSIPR or dedicated freight transportation systems; section 5 identifies procedures used by other state departments of transportation (DOTs) for use of ROW for innovative transportation systems; and section 6 synthesizes information from DOTs, past reports, and published literature regarding capturing revenue, matching grants or entering into private-public partnerships for use of state DOT ROW for HSIPR and dedicated freight transportation systems.


The article discusses the use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) in the pre-flight visual inspection of the aircraft. The pre-flight inspection process is performed by the aircraft maintenance technician or the pilot-in-command before the flight is performed. It defines the application of modern concepts, connecting UAV and common activities in aircraft operation. Result of such connection is elimination of the negative impact of the human factor on safety in aircraft operation. Equally important is the possible reduction of time required to perform the pre-flight inspection itself, which will increase the efficiency of aircraft operations. The main idea of the research is to reduce of the negative effect of the human factor during the pre-flight inspection of the aircraft.


In order to meet the requirement of velocity measurement of projectile with large cross-section in indoor shooting ranges,a kind of large sensor area laser screen using semiconductor lasers with linear flare as light source and L-shape arranged photoelectric diode arrays as receiver is put forward,and energy distribution of this laser screen is discussed theoretically and experimentally.Light energy distribution of single linear flared semiconductor laser is analyzed theoretically,and experiment is conducted in order to verify the validity of the theoretical analysis.Light energy distribution experimental research of a 1 m×1 m laser screen using two linear flared semiconductor laser joining together as light source is conducted and experiment results are analyzed.The research can provide theoretical guidance and reference data for practical design of larger area laser screen.


Summary In order to destroy every egg in each grasshopper ovariole, with the exception of the most advanced, it was necessary to irradiate the total body with 350 r (200 kv) x-rays, 420 r Co60 gamma rays, or 22.5 rep of fast neutrons. Thus, the relative biological effectiveness of Co60 gamma rays: 200 kv x-rays: fast neutrons, for this specific effect, is 1.0: 1.2: 19. This is correlated with relative specific ionization and linear energy transfer. It is suggested that damage to the grasshopper ovariole could be used as a biological dosimeter for fast neutron doses in the range 10-50 rep.


Gravitationally bound objects, such as galaxies, that collapse from a cosmological background can exhibit both a correlation bias and, as shown here, a significant bias in their peculiar velocity dispersion with respect to the density field. The detailed simulations of a cold dark matter cosmology reported here indicate that together these two kinds of bias can reconcile a galaxy correlation length of 5/h Mpc and a peculiar velocity dispersion of approximately 300 km/s with an Omega = 1 cosmology, for a range of correlation biases. For the adopted star formation algorithm, the galaxies in the simulation are found to have properties similar to those of the dense cores of dark halos. 23 refs.


Disagrees with AVMA stand on foie gras production I read with dismay (but no surprise) the conclusion of the AVMA to forgo making a stand against foie gras production (JAVMA, September 1, 2005, pp 688–689). Rural farms with caretakers who honored the moral contract with their animals were displaced long ago by operations geared toward whatever gives the most profit. In my opinion, our AVMA has gone right along with this trend, nodding and rarely ever saying anything against industrial practices. Time and time again our committees debate and then fail to decry practices abhorred by anyone who truly cares about animals (we who regularly anthropomorphize are continually disappointed). Like most AVMA members, I am a small animal veterinarian. Our whole professional lives are geared toward trying to prevent and treat disease; educate clients on proper (if not pampered) housing, diet, and care for their pets; and finally, provide for a peaceful, painless, and dignified death at the end. You cannot convince me that our food animals do not deserve the same. Sadly, our AVMA is a puppet to big industry, afraid to say the emperor has no clothes. Who do you represent? Do not assume that all who pay dues agree with the organization's direction or conclusions. Gretchen Yost, DVM Santa Cruz, NM


Fouling on heat transfer surface is an intractable problem in industrial heat exchangers and several techniques have been suggested to inhibit scale deposition on surfaces. Surface coating is one of such methods which can decrease the surface free energy and thus reduces the adhesion force between scale and surface. In this paper, liquid phase deposition technique was applied to coat titanium dioxide (Vs. TiO2) thin films on red copper substrates with film layer thickness in nanometer order. Coating thickness, contact angle and topography were measured with x-ray diffraction (Vs. XRD), contact angle analyzer and scanning electron microscopy (Vs. SEM), respectively. Surface free energy of coating layers was calculated based on the contact angle. It is around 20 mJ·m 2 for layer thickness less than 100 nm. Heat transfer and fouling characters in pool boiling of distilled water and calcium carbonate (Vs. CaCO3) solution on coated surfaces were investigated experimentally. Heat transfer enhancement was observed on coated surfaces compared to untreated or polished surfaces. Coated surfaces with thickness in nanometer order extend the fouling induction time by about 4~9 times longer than untreated surfaces. There may be an optimum range of coating thickness and microstructure for heat transfer enhancement and fouling prevention. Corrosion resistance behavior of coated surfaces under extreme environments of acid, alkali and salt solutions at room temperature was also explored qualitatively by soaking the coated samples into the corrosive media including sodium chloride, hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide solutions a few hours with the concentrations of 25%, 30% and 30%, respectively. The results indicate that coated surfaces can resist corrosion in alkali solution when soaked in 200 hours. However, it was eroded in the acidic solution after 100 hours. In salt solution, it was eroded until after 600 hours. The present work may open a new nanometer coating route to inhibit fouling deposition and corrosion on heat transfer surfaces in industry evaporators, which is very important for energy saving in the process industries. INTRODUCTION Fouling accumulation on heat transfer surfaces in heat exchangers, especially on boiling surfaces in industry evaporators, is a troublesome problem because it can lead to a drastic increase of heat resistance and therefore result in a decreased heat-transfer efficiency of heat exchangers (Branch and Müller-Steinhagen, 1991; Steinhagen, et al.,1993; Müller-Steinhagen and Zhao,1997; Yang, et al.,2004; Müller-Steinhagen, et al.,2005; Liu, et al., 2007; Herz, et al., 2008; Bansal, et al.,2008). Several approaches towards reduction of fouling adhesion or occurrence on heat transfer surfaces have been suggested in the past years. One of the most potential techniques is to lower the surface free energy by surface engineering methods. The reason is that on a surface with high surface free energy, excess adsorption force exists and fouling is easy to adhere (Müller-Steinhagen and Zhao, 1997; Foerster et al., 1999; Liu, et al., 2007). There are four types of surface engineering routes (Liu, et al., 2007a). First one is named surface coating characterized with a certain thickness of film layer on the surface to be modified, such as electroplating, chemical plating, physical vapor deposition (sputtering and vacuum evaporation etc.), chemical vapor deposition and sol-gel. Second one is called surface modification by which only chemical compositions of the surfaces are changed and there is not obvious thickness of film layer on the surfaces, such as ion implantation. The third one is called surface treatment by which the texture structure and stress of the surfaces are altered without additional film layer and variation of chemical compositions, such as blasting shot and quenching. The fourth one is the combination of the above three types. Sometimes, all of them are called surface modification (Santos, et al., 2004). The most recent crucial work about fouling inhibition on heat transfer surfaces in heat exchangers by surface modification techniques including ion implantation, sputtering, plasma arc deposition, plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition, autocatalysis and sol-gel methods was done by Müller-Steinhagen and his multinational research group (Santos, et al., 2004; Rosmaninho, et al.,2007;2008a;2008b;). The modified surfaces were characterized with different surface analysis instruments. Fouling experimental results in convective, pool or flow boiling system with typical fouling solutions including simulated milk ultrafiltrate demonstrate that lowenergy surfaces, such as the surface with Ni-P-PTFE Proceedings of International Conference on Heat Exchanger Fouling and Cleaning VIII 2009 (Peer-reviewed) June 14-19, 2009, Schladming, Austria Editors: H. Müller-Steinhagen, M.R. Malayeri and A.P. Watkinson


A calculation of the energy of complete and partial misfit dislocations has been made. This suggests that the misfit between an (001) silver film and a palladium substrate will be accommodated by partial misfit dislocations. The extrinsic stacking faults associated with these partials are expected to lie in the silver film and modify its crystal structure. To test these predictions silver films were grown in ultrahigh vacuum (2 × 10−9 Torr) on cold (−5 to −105 °C) palladium surfaces prepared inside the chamber. Transmission electron‐diffraction patterns from these specimens showed that the silver films contained a high density of stacking faults.


Recently, domestic and foreign studies on the unmanned order payment system of the restaurant industry, which are rapidly growing recently, are insufficient. Therefore, there is a lack of understanding of users' perception of unmanned order settlement system. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of user experience factors of unmanned order payment service of fast food restaurant on satisfaction . Through this study, we can understand the psychology and behavior of users who use unmanned order settlement service and prepare a strategic foundation that can be used in various industries.


The paper presents experimental investigation of the heat dissipation from stationary brake discs concentrated on four disc designs, a ventilated disc with radial vanes, two types of ventilated discs with curved vanes - a non-drilled and cross-drilled disc, and a solid disc. The experiments were conducted on a purpose built Thermal Spin Rig and provided repeatable and accurate temperature measurement and reliable prediction of the total, convective and radiative heat dissipation coefficients. The values obtained compare favourably with Computational Fluid Dynamics results for the ventilated disc with radial vanes and solid disc, though the differences were somewhat pronounced for the ventilated disc. The speeds of the hot air rising above the disc are under 1 m/s, hence too low to experimentally validate. However, the use of a smoke generator and suitable probe was very useful in qualitatively validating the flow patterns for all four disc designs. Convective heat transfer coefficients increase with temperature but the values are very low, typically between 3 and 5 W/m2K for the disc designs and temperature range analysed. As expected, from the four designs studied, the disc with radial vanes has highest convective heat dissipation coefficient and the solid disc the lowest, being about 30% inferior. Convective heat dissipation coefficient for the discs with curved vanes was about 20% lower than for the disc with radial vanes, with the cross drilled design showing marginal improvement at higher temperatures.


The successful realization of a Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) requires innovative solutions to meet the energy consumption budget of the autonomous sensor nodes. The radio interface is a major challenge, since its power consumption must be reduced below 100μW (energy scavenging limit). The emerging Ultra-WideBand (UWB) technology shows strong advantages in reaching this target. First, most of the complexity of an UWB system is in the receiver, which is a perfect scenario in the WBAN context. Second, the very little hardware complexity of an UWB transmitter offers the potential for low-cost and highly integrated solutions. Finally, in a pulse-based UWB scheme, the transmitter can be duty-cycled at the pulse rate, thereby reducing the baseline power consumption. We present a low-power UWB transmitter that can be fully integrated in standard CMOS technology. Measured performances of the pulse generator are provided, showing the potential of UWB for low power and low cost implementations.


Dear Sir, May I comment on your interesting review of The Futures of Europel This was an edited version of the Europe Plus Thirty Report, which was produced by a team of forty people from nine nations under my direction for the Commission and Council of the European Community (Cambridge University Press, 1976). Your reviewer is right in saying that it reads "like a play in search of a last act". The last act will, or should, be the new permanent forecasting instrument to be set up by the European Commission and Parliament. Your reviewer also complains of the lack of "ideological component" when compared with, for instance, the admirable Swedish publication "To Choose a Future". If we had been writing for a homogeneous national society with a single government like Sweden we could easily have provided one of those, but for the nine nations of the European Community an "ideological component" was out of the question.


At present,China is actively and steadily to push forward new urbanization,and strives to improve the quality of urbanization. However,due to the intersection of the multiple interests,contradiction in the process of urbanization does not receive timely and effective ease resulting in outbreak size of rural mass incidents and number showing a rising trend. It makes the task of new urbanization face severe challenges. Therefore the paper analyzes of the status quo and causes of new period rural mass incidents,the establishment of effective prevention and governance mechanism are a strong guarantee for the smooth progress of the new urbanization and important content.


Uracils bearing substituents at N1 react rapidly with bromine in aqueous acidic solutions to give "HOBr" addition products, which undergo slow acid-catalysed dehydration to 5-bromo-uracils (4). Uracils bearing only hydrogen at N1 react rapidly with bromine to give sequentially (4) and then the 5,5-dibromo-derivatives (6). This rapid reaction is suppressed, however, in strong acid, where N1 of the intermediate (7) may be protonated. Mechanisms to accommodate these observations are suggested, including one involving a trasient N-bromo species (2; R1= Br).


Piezoelectric wafer active transducers (PWaTs) play an important role for smart structures. Typically, they are bonded on the surface of structures to excite and sense mechanical vibrations or waves. The resonant characteristics of the surface bonded PWaT is very different from those of the free-standing PWaT. Since the resonances of the PWaTs strongly influence the transducer efficiency, it is important to understand their resonant behaviors. In this paper, an analytical model of the surface bonded PWaT is implemented to study the resonant characteristics of surface bonded PWaT in details. The study reveals that the PWaT supports two modes that have very different propagation constants below and above a cut-off frequency, leading to different resonance behaviors. These resonance behaviors can be explained with respect to the propagation of these two modes in the PWaT and the mode conversion at the edges of the PWaT. These fundamental understanding will benefit the design and optimization of the PWaTs.


In order to improve the employment competitive ability to the students of marketing major in technology institute, this article exerts the thought of the project management to carry on the reform to the traditional marketing, proposes a set of marketing teaching project management pattern of the technology institute. I hope it may have the certain significance to the technology institute teaching.


The paper deals with the problems of improving the sources of financing sports. It focuses on some market sources like ticketing, broadcasting, lottery, sports betting. These sources depend on creativity of sport organizations and their ability to use the market environment to increase revenue for sport purposes.


The Climate Adaptive Skin is one of the first of a new generation of façades. No longer is the building skin a separator of inside and outside, with building services catering for the indoor climate while the façade shields the interior from outdoor influences, but an intermediary between both climates. By utilising changes in the outdoor environment, the façade is able to create a comfortable climate its bordering (office) spaces. By doing so, the need for large building services such as air conditioning is reduced or even abandoned, saving energy, money and valuable space. The façade will be able to do so using and integrating technologies such as PCM, thermotropic and electrochromic glazing and an innovative ventilation system. By giving more control over the indoor environment to the user, and allowing larger temperature fluctuations related to the outdoor environment, the user feels more comfortable, stimulating productivity.


This paper updates some news of TWSTFT activities at the Telecommunication Laboratories (TL) in Taiwan. We provide the detail TWSTFT data analysis, including PTBTL, USNO-TL, and NICT-TL TWSTFT links. We also address recent studies on signal interference. INTRODUCTION The computation of the International Atomic Time (TAI) is based on the time comparison links among national time-keeping laboratories around the world. In the past decade, the two-way satellite time and frequency transfer (TWSTFT) technique has been widely employed to achieve a high precision of time comparison links. By means of two-way reciprocal paths via the geostationary commercial satellite, the TWSTFT can provide 1 ns uncertainty of time accuracy and a few 10 level of frequency stability at the averaging time of one day [1][2]. TL currently maintains four earth stations for TWSTFT experiments. Table 1 shows these TWSTFT facilities at TL. The TL01 station was employed for the Asia-Pacific TWSTFT links. TWSTFT measurements in the AsiaPacific area were performed by using the 8-receivechannel NICT modems [3]. Hourly data were available until 2013/6/20 (MJD 56463) when the NICT modem retired. Now, the station is used for the research purposes. The regular Europe-Asia TWSTFT links, e.g., PTB-TL links, are performed hourly by employing SATRE modems with TL02 station. In 2012 and 2013, the satellite for Europe-Asia TWSTFT links is Express AM-2. The satellite operation time was only 10 hours per day until April 11, 2013. Now, the operation time extends to 12 hours. Currently, two laboratories in Europe (PTB and VNIIFTRI) and five laboratories in Asia (They are NICT, NIM, NPLI, NTSC, and TL) are participated in regular Europe-Asia links. Figure 1 shows the TWSTFT Links that TL has joined in November 2013. The TL03 station was employed for the TWSTFT test link of dual pseudo-random noise codes (DPN) between NICT and TL [4]. Now, the station is also used for design and test on software-defined time transfer receivers. Since April 2012, TL has joined the Asia-USNO TWSTFT links through the relay station in Hawaii, i.e., the KPGO station. The TL04 station is currently employed for the Asia-USNO TWSTFT links. On April 17, 2013 (MJD 56399), we replaced the Codan up/down converter by Comtech converter. The new converter that can lock the reference frequency will enable us to perform the TWSTFT carrier phase observations. Our reference signal UTC(TL) is based on an active Hmaser (i.e. currently iMaser-3000) and steered by a microphase stepper (AOG-110) with reference to TA(TL) and UTC. The time scale TA(TL) is a clock ensemble generated by 12 high performance Cs clocks (5071A). In recent months, frequency stabilities of USNO-TL, PTBTL, and NICT-TL links are around 3×10 at one-day averaging time. The data analysis will be provided in the following session. The precision of the TWSTFT highly depends on the residual non-reciprocity and unstable delay variations. Recently, reference clocks of many TWSTFT stations have changed to hydrogen masers (which provide better short-term stabilities) and the TWSTFT measurements are performed more frequently. Therefore, the influences of unstable sources in TWSTFT have emerged from the clock noise and become an important issue. We have investigated some potential sources of non-reciprocity, such as earth station delays [5], Sagnac effect [6], ionospheric delay [7], and satellite motion [6]. This paper will address some recent studies on signal interference.


It discloses a liquid cosmetic composition comprising a calcium silicate which absorbs sebum. These cosmetic compositions provide coverage zone of effective sustained for facial cosmetics, causing discoloration or fading typically caused skin after a period of continuous use of the conventional cosmetic compositions It has a very high resistance to degradation caused by sebum. The present cosmetic compositions, creams, lotions, gels, semi-solid, a dispersion, a suspension, a foam can be in the form of mousses or sprays.


The Wind Energy Division at Sandia National Laboratories recently completed a point design based on the 34-m Vertical Axis Wind Turbine (VAWT) Test Bed. The 34-m Test Bed research machine incorporates several innovations that improve Darrieus technology, including increased energy production, over previous machines. The point design differs minimally from the Test Bed; but by removing research-related items, its estimated cost is substantially reduced. The point design is a first step towards a Test-Bed-based commercial machine that would be competitive with conventional sources of power in the mid-1990s. 11 refs., 12 figs., 4 tabs.


The purpose of the present s t i~dy is to answer with objective data two questions about the current state of psychology. T o what extent d o current research articles in psychology cite recent publications? Has single auchorship of psychology articles decreased? Data were gathered by recording the age and the number of authors contributing to all articles cited, excluding self-references, in the following journals: 1. camp. physiol . Psychol., 1958, 51 ( 1 3 ) ; Amer. J. Psychol., 1958, 7 1 ( 1 4 ) ; J . exp. Psychol., 1958, 56(1-6) ; 1. Pers., 1958, 2 6 ( 1 4 ) ; 1. nbnwm. soc. P.cychol., 1958, 56( 1 3 ) ; J. conszdt. Psychol., 1958, 22 ( 1 5 ) . As can be seen from Table 1, a large majority of the articles cited in these journals are recent publications. Additional analysis showed that 43% of all articles cited were less than 6 yr. old and 70% were less than 11 yr. old. The modal age of the articles cited was 3 yr. and the median age was 7 yr. Thus, the evidence strongly suggests that the present research in psychology is based not upon the older "classical" research but upon recent work. Table 1 also shows that there is a general crend over the past 20 yr. for single authorship of articles in psychology to decrease. T h e producc-moment correlacion between the age of the articles cited and the per cent of the articles having single authorship is .69 ( p = ,001) . Thus it appears that single authorship in psychology has been decreasing for the past several decades.


INSTRUCTIONS Recently, the author proposes the cutting process on glass materials with small diameter carbide ball endmills. The milling process on brittle materials requires only a numerical controlled machine tool, which enables safer and easier operation. In previous cutting experiments, it was shown that brittle materials could be machined without brittle cracking using the proposed cutting method as shown in FIGURE 1 [1] . However, if the glass milling is performed by a poly-crystal diamond (PCD) coated carbide milling tool (in FIGURE 2 (a), (b)), many cracks are left on the machined surface ((c)). This problem is considered to be caused by the roughness of the tool edge shape, because the stress distribution at the cutting point is partially changed with edge roughness as shown in FIGURE. 3. The author has therefore tried to observe the effect of tool edge roughness on brittle cracking by "edge shape controlled" tools which is redressed by the focused ion beam (FIB) process. In the previous research [2] , the size of the brittle crack is changed by the amplitude of wave tool edge because of the change in the stress distribution of the material. This report discusses the effect of an inclination angle of oblique cutting on the brittle cracking. A typical ball end mill has a helix angle which corresponds to the inclination angle of the oblique cutting in the shaping process. In other researcher reported that characteristics of brittle cracking are c h a n g e d b y t h e d i s t a n c e o f a d j ac e n t indentations in the indenter testing on the glass [3] due to the tensile stress produced by the stress interference among adjacent indentations. Based on this report, it can be assumed that the br i t t le crack ing is changed by the edge inclination when the shaping is performed by the waved cutting edge. Because the direction of the cutting force is not only changed by the edge inclination, but also the stress distribution is changed by change in the distance between ver texes of the edge roughness of the perpendicular direction to the cutter feed. This report discusses about these effects by the results of cutting experiments.


The nematic-isotropic (N-I) transition of nematic polymers with semiflexible spacers was examined. The pseudo second order phase transition temperature,T*, of this transition was analytically expressed as a function of length of mesogens and spacers, persistence length of spacer chains and the interactions of andbetween mesogens and spacers. The hinge effect on T* of mesogens and spacersalong nematic polymer chains was envisaged, based on above theory. The predictions were in agreement with experiments.


ABSTRACT. 4‐year‐old boy presented with physical signs of the Silver‐Russell syndrome. He further had low‐set, large protruding ears, ptosis, broad nasal base, thick protruding lips, pronounced caries, malalignment of teeth, micrognathia and mental retardation. Chromosome examination showed deletion of the short arms of chromosome No. 18. It is concluded that considering the previous findings of chromosome No. 18 aberrations in some patients with Silver‐Russell syndrome such patients should always have chromosome examination made.


This study presents effects of downstream control point by coupled operation of dams and multi function weirs in the Geum River. Geum river basin that study area did authoritativeness high quality data to acquisition possibility. We applied the flow duration curve, flow regime coefficient, impounded flow index analysis to investigate the quantitative changes in natural flow regimes. In sphere that water supply is possible, this study applied believability that satisfy 95% at estimation year. Impounded flow index was calculated 0.292 by dam coupled operation and 0.297 by dam-weir coupled operation. The results indicate that the storage amount is increased by 29.7% as being added. Duration flow of downstream control point was improved because became coupled operation by regulation of dam and weir in the geum river.


The role of counselors and counselor educators in promoting social justice values in their clients, students, and larger society has become a recent focal point for the profession (Constantine, Hage, Kindaichi, & Bryant, 2007; Council for Accreditation of Counseling and Related Educational Programs, 2009). One particular area of importance is the fight against heterosexism, as lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) issues are coming into the national spotlight through the Don't Ask, Don't Tell Repeal Act of 2010 and the passing or rejection of same-sex marriage laws in several states, which are directly affecting many of the LGBT clients with whom counselors work. The development of heterosexual allies among counseling clients, students, and society is a central way that counselors can contribute to this social movement and act as change agents. It is, therefore, critical that counselors and counselor educators have an understanding of the social and psychological processes that either facilitate or hinder heterosexuals' developmental trajectory toward becoming allies to the LGBT community. Broido (2000) defined allies as "members of dominant social groups (e.g., men, Whites, heterosexuals) who are working to end the system of oppression that gives them greater privilege and power based upon their social group membership" (p. 3). To become an LGBT ally, a heterosexual individual must learn to recognize the structure of privilege and heterosexism (Washington & Evans, 1991), validate the experiences of LGBT individuals (Goodman, 2001), challenge heterosexist attitudes and behaviors, and work to create social equality for LGBT individuals (Reason, Roosa Miller, & Scales, 2005). * Interventions to Create LGBT Allies Research has identified a number of ways that counselors and educators can facilitate heterosexuals' trajectory toward LGBT-ally status. The most common processes include interpersonal contact with LGBT individuals, an LGBT-supportive environment, and educational workshops and courses. For example, one of the most successful interpersonal-contact interventions is an LGBT speakers' panel, where speakers discuss their experiences as members of the LGBT community; this has been a key component of multicultural counselor education (Geasler, Croteau, Heineman, & Edlund, 1995; Nelson & Krieger, 1997). Research has also highlighted the importance of community-based or educational workshops and course work in developing LGBT allies. Athanases and Larrabee (2003) found that 47% of students who had enrolled in a cultural diversity course committed to combating homophobia and supporting the LGBT community after exposure to readings on the history of homophobia and hearing personal experiences of LGBT individuals. Similarly, Waterman, Reid, Garfield, and Hoy (2001) found that many heterosexual students were more interested in becoming LGBT allies after completion of a college course on LGBT issues involving multiple teaching modalities such as guest speakers and movies. Similarly, Iasenza and Troutt (1990) had success facilitating ally development by hosting workshops that used many techniques from traditional counseling, such as helping heterosexuals explore their own stereotypes, engage in problem-solving scenarios involving prejudice, and develop action plans to combat prejudice. Finally, Broido (2000) has combined these various approaches to suggest that ally development arises from formal and informal interactions, courses and workshops, and the messages that educational institutions send to their students. Attitude Change and Behavior Change One commonality of the LGBT ally-development interventions cited previously is that they initially target attitude change, often attempting to reduce heterosexuals' levels of prejudice and increase their awareness of heterosexual privilege. This is a very similar process to counseling, in which counselors help their clients develop more adaptive and accurate attitudes or cognitions surrounding the personal issues they bring into counseling. …


Acute type B aortic dissection (TBAD) is a rare condition that can be divided into complicated (CoTBAD) and uncomplicated (UnCoTBAD) based on certain presenting clinical and radiological features, with UnCoTBAD constituting the majority of TBAD cases. The classification of TBAD directly affects the treatment pathway taken, however, there remains confusion as to exactly what differentiates complicated from uncomplicated TBAD.


Let $A^{lev}_{11}$ be the moduli space of (1,11)-polarized abelian surfaces with level structure of canonical type. Let $\chi$ be a finite character of order 5 with conductor 11. In this paper we construct five endoscopic lifts $\Pi_i,0\le i\le 4$ from two elliptic modular forms $f\otimes\chi^i$ of weight 2 and $g\otimes\chi^i$ of weight 4 with complex multiplication by $Q(\sqrt{-11})$ such that ${\Pi_i}_\infty$ gives a non-holomorphic differential form on $A^{lev}_{11}$ for each $i$. Then the spinor L-function is of form $L(f\otimes\chi^i,s-1)L(g\otimes\chi^i,s)$ such that $L(g\otimes\chi^i,s)$ does not appear in the L-function of $A^{lev}_{11}$ for any $i$. The existence of such lifts is motivated by the computation of the L-function of Klein's cubic hypersurface which is a birational smooth model of $A^{lev}_{11}$.