This study assessed the value of participation in a human sexuality course on a college campus. The experimental group was composed of thirteen males and seventeen females who were enrolled in a human sexuality course at an urban university. The control group consisted of ten males and eleven females who were enrolled in psychology courses other than one on human sexuality. Three different instruments, the Sexual Knowledge and Attitude Test, the Sexual Adjustment Inventory, and the Sexuality Comfort Scale, were administered to both groups as preand posttests. The Reciprocal Cate(/ gory System was used to tally verbal interaction in the human sexuality classes. The major purpose of the human sexuality course was facilitation of normal adjustment, to disp~l the myths, taboos, and stereotypical beliefs related to sexual behavior. The teaching method involved the use of sexually explicit slides and f{lms, lectures by authorities in the field, and a systematic desensitization and resensitization process through small group discussions. The data revealed changes in a positive direction in the experimental group for all of the attitudes tested: abortion, heterosexual relations, autoeroticism, and sexual myths. A statistically significant difference, at the .OS level, was found for only one attitude, heterosexual relations. Gains in sexual knowledge were also significant at the .OS level for the experimental group. Similarly, changes in a positive direction also occurred in the experimental group in a general way on the items measured by the Sexual Adjustment Inventory; statistically significant changes were found on three items: frequency, decision making preference, and situational variables. Changes on the Sexuality Comfort Scale were also in the expected direction with statistically signifi?ant findings for the experimental group on two items: menstruation and sex organs. One item, intercourse, was found to change in a negative direction for the control group. Analysis of the verbal interaction provided a description, a profile, of the class sessions on human sexuality; no statistical test was performed on these tallies. This study appears to provide further justification for the inclusion of human sexuality courses at the college and adult level of education. When a group-centered approach, a non-threatening atmosphere, and a desensitizationresensitization process involving sexually explicit material was used, positive gains were realized in some sexual attitudes, sexual knowledge, and sexual adjustment. The author recommended that further research is needed in the development of valid tests and instruments which could be used to investigate the classroom experience and its relationship to sexual attitudes and behavior. Also, further research should be undertaken using other empirical studies of this nature in order to provide additional evidence of the value of human sexuality courses at an adult level. Selected Results of Participation in a Human Sexuality Course at an Urban University


In our highly globalized but culturally divided world whereby so-called defense industry is implied as both innovative and progressive, as contemporaneously the international legal doctrine is conceived to be static and conservative. This doubly bound narrative itself is almost as old as international law wherein the most striking contradictory moments happened in the era of, and between two world wars: In such a way that our thinking of legal and other fields owe much more thereto than we realize today. In this study, it is purported to call attention to some key understandings which may be termed as militarist humanitarianism, humanitarian militarism, or, optimist scientism, and pessimist humanitarianism. As such, it is intended to examine international issues pertaining to humanitarianism and militarism through the lens of different perspectives, doctrine-itself and their history as enshrined in the Protocol IV on Blinding Laser Weapons, issues which are almost totally neglected in the mainstream media and academia.


This paper sums up and analyzes on the main features of the sci-tech archives differentiating from the common archives, such as the sci-tech property, integration, reality and reusability, and based on this, advances some countermeasures for doing well in the development and utilization of sci-tech archives.


In the field of electronic education, the recommendation of contents with higher levels of relevance may potentially attract the students' attention. In this context, this work considers students' learning styles, delineated with structured questionnaires, as a means of selecting the best content as for the learning-teaching process. The goal is to present a complete systematisation the e-LORS system, which is able to recommend electronic educational content based on the relationship between detected learning styles and stored learning objects. Our contributions include the e-LORS system its multiple-criteria architecture and study case, the methodology based on the Felder-Silverman learning style model and on the IEEE learning object metadata (LOM), and the reporting of experiments conducted in an actual educational context.


To provide Upon separating and hydrate the carbon dioxide contained in the process gas, the separation apparatus and method of carbon dioxide can be separated from 該被 process gas carbon dioxide with high efficiency. A carbon dioxide hydrate generating unit which generates carbon dioxide hydrate the treated gas and water comprising A carbon dioxide as a raw material, a high-pressure gas that has passed through the carbon dioxide hydrate generating unit not hydrate of includes a carbon dioxide absorption section of contacting water and gas-liquid to absorb carbon dioxide in the high pressure gas in water, the water in the said carbon dioxide absorption unit sends as the raw water to the carbon dioxide hydrate generating unit carbon dioxide separation apparatus characterized by being configured to. .FIELD 1


To reduce professional discord among admission and discharge committee members charged with placement and treatment decisions involving exceptional children, a cognitive dissonance paradigm is proposed. The paradigm allows each team member to present assumptions and his interpretations of causes of the problem without critical review by fellow team members. This problem-solving, goal-oriented procedure is advocated to facilitate communication among team members by diminishing the need for each team member to compete for professional supremacy. The subsequent reduction of cognitive dissonance will enhance the admission and discharge committee's ability to determine the essential features of a proposed solution as well as to establish a meaningful delivery system.


This paper describes the study result concerning the influence of heating after wire bonding on the separability of wires for introducing the wire separation technology into the process. This paper also introduces a new CSP (Chip Size Package) manufactured by way of trial by using the separation technology. We examined the separability of gold wires bonded to silver plating on a thin plate of copper alloy. As a result, we found that the bonding temperature should be kept as low as possible to separate wires in close proximity to the contact interface, that the heat processing after mire bonding increased the adhesion and acted to impede separation, and that the silver concentration on the exposed wire surface was lower in this separation method than in the separation method in which the substrate is dissolved by etching. The conclusion from the above results is that the best procedure in CSP assembly is to peel the substrate immediately after molding and to perform post-cure after that. The trial model of the CSP introduced in this paper contains no interposer in its package and has an environmentally sound structure consisting of very small amount of materials. Gold ball bumps are arranged in narrow pitches and they are connected to the wires directly. The bump pitch can be reduced to the level of the wire bonding pitch.


OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Clinical Research Professional (CRP) shortages and high turnover rates directly impact the conduct of studies. A strategy for improving CRP retention is using Stay Interviews (SI), which are intentional exchanges between CRPs and leadership to enhance transparency and trust. Importantly, SIs are entirely separate from performance evaluations. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Representatives from seven academic medical centers formed a collaborative workgroup (WG) as part of the Association for Clinical and Translational Science (ACTS) Clinical Research Professionals Taskforce (CRPT) Special Interest Group (SIG). The purpose of this workgroup was to develop a Stay Interview (SI) toolkit that will empower leadership to retain high quality staff by engaging employees in open and responsive conversations about motivations to stay in their current roles. Tools previously used by collaborating institutions were evaluated and aligned to establish a sharable guide for SI best practices. Training resources to support leaders in effectively using SI tools were also developed to accompany the toolkit. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Discussions of current tool use among group members highlighted 2 categorical use cases: continuous integration to promote workforce engagement and retention; and targeted use to address acute workforce challenges. The WG identified the need for a standardized conversation guide as well as leadership tools to support effective use of the guide. From the examples collated, the group crafted a 14 question SI guide with additional probing questions that can be tailored to the work environment. Questions fell into 4 key themes: likes/dislikes, motivations, workplace influence on work life, and professional development barriers and opportunities. Anecdotally, SI use in other industries suggests that wide adoption is likely to reduce CRP workforce turnover and improve job satisfaction. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE: SIs are designed to build trust and strengthen relationships, fostering positive change by acknowledging issues, understanding motivations, and increasing engagement. Leaders can make immediate actions: clearing obstacles, providing new resources, and increasing recognition. Our next step is implementing a pilot to gather workforce metrics.


The authors study the bifurcations of symmetric heterodimensional cycles with two saddle points in 3-dimensional reversible system when the fixed points space of the linear involution R is 1-dimensional.Firstly the existence and coexistence of R-symmetric hetercclinic loop and R-symmetric periodic orbit are obtained.The double ii-symmetric periodic orbit is also found.Secondly,the authors present sufficient conditions for the existence,uniqueness and coexistence of heteroclinic loop,homoclinic loops,double homoclinic loop and a single-parameter family of periodic orbits.It is shown that infinitely many periodic orbits accumulate along a homoclinic loop.Moreover,the bifurcation surfaces and their existence regions are located.


To the Editor. —The review of Francisco and Ferris on the use and abuse of diuretics published in theArchives(1982;142:28-32) was most helpful. I would only take exception to the historical note on the discovery of organomercurials. To my knowledge, it was not "a diligent nurse" who recorded the increase in urine output after the administration of merbaphen. Rather, it was Alfred Vogl, then a medical student at the Allgemeines Krankenhaus in Vienna, who made this discovery. Dr Vogl escaped to the United States in the 1930s, where he was a distinguished professor at New York University School of Medicine and New York Medical College.


Testis angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) is a unique form of ACE, only produced by male germ cells, and results from a testis-specific promoter found within the ACE gene. We have investigated the role of cAMP-response element modulator (CREM)T in testis ACE transcription. In gel shift experiments, testes nuclear proteins retard an oligonucleotide containing the cAMP-response element (CRE) found at position -55 in the testis ACE promoter. Anti-CREM antibody supershifts this complex. Competitive gel shift shows that recombinant CREMT protein and testes nuclear proteins have a similar specificity of binding to the testis ACE CRE. Functional analysis using in vitro transcription and transfection studies also demonstrate that CREMT protein is a transcriptional activator of the testis ACE promoter. Western blot analysis identifies CREMT protein in the protein-DNA complex formed between nuclear proteins and the testis ACE CRE motif. This analysis also identified other CREM isoforms in the gel-shifted complex, which are thought to be CREMT1/2, CREMci/j3, and S-CREM. These data indicate that CREMT isoforms play an important role as a positive regulator in the tissue-specific expression of testis ACE.


Lygus spp. were collected from near and inside vegetable greenhouses during three years in the lower Fraser Valley, British Columbia (BC) and in Leamington, Ontario (ON). In BC, the dominant species was Lygus shulli , followed in abundance by L. elisus and L. hesperus ; L. lineolaris was not collected in the lower Fraser Valley. In ON, only L. lineolaris was collected. In BC, L. shulli was generally distributed throughout the region, whereas L. hesperus was captured in sweep net samples only in coastal areas. Lygus hesperus appeared to be univoltine in BC. All other species in ON and BC were apparently bivoltine. In ON, numbers of adults collected outside of greenhouses correlated with numbers collected inside greenhouses whereas this was not the case in BC. Differences in flight behaviour, abundance and greenhouse construction may account for this latter difference. Our results highlight the need for different approaches to IPM of pest Lygus species in the ON and BC greenhouse industries.


Introduction: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a disaster disease characterized by obliterative vascular remodeling and persistent increase of vascular resistance, leading to right heart fa...


On 28 June 2022 the apex or Constitutional Court (CC) handed down a much-awaited judgment which impacts upon Muslim marriages concluded purely in terms of Islamic law in South Africa. Does the judgment mean that such Muslim marriages are now fully recognised for all purposes in the South African legal context? The simple answer is "no". The rationale for this conclusion is to be found in the two-pronged judgment. The first part of the judgment is wholly suspended and will only and automatically come into effect if remedial legislation is not enacted in 24 months. The second part of the judgment pertains to an interim order which takes effect immediately and applies retrospectively to all Muslim marriages that subsisted on 15 December 2014 (when the case was first launched by the Women's Legal Centre in the Western Cape High Court) and to Muslim marriages which, although terminated before that date, were still subject to ongoing legal proceedings at that date. While the case note briefly refers to the first part of the judgment, the main purpose of this case note is to highlight some of the practical problems that could be encountered by couples when effect is given to the orders pertaining to the interim relief granted in terms of the second part of the judgment. The problem areas are highlighted by looking at the CC judgment in the light of three fictitious scenarios. The case note provides a few critical comments on the judgment and ends with a few concluding remarks. Past experience leads us to expect that tangible progress will take place only by 2024, a date which coincides with South Africa's next presidential election. Until then the non-recognition of Muslim marriages will continue to prove burdensome to Muslim women and children.


Generally, singularity analysis of 6-DOF parallel manipulators is very difficult and, as a result, the velocity relation has many uncertainties. Many researchers have reported that the forward position kinematics can be solved more easily with extra sensors. However, the relation of the velocity kinematics with extra sensors has not been fully studied yet. In this paper, an alternative method using the local structuralization method (LSM) for the analysis of singular configurations is presented. With LSM, the velocity relation can be represented in a simple form, and the result is totally equivalent to the conventional velocity relation. The velocity relation suggested in this paper gives a closed-form solution of singularities.


This paper presents a novel tool oriented to upper limb therapy and rehabilitation and a new wireless sensors technology application in rehabilitation robotics destined to post-stroke patients. Design was based on Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs) communicating trough of a ZigBee Network. This Body sensor network allows kinematics register and electrical activity quantification in muscles during rehabilitation therapy. The IMU implementation was based on a direction cosine matrix. The validation technique was represented by a kinematics measurement of tridimensional videography. Simultaneous registers, from cameras of kinematics videography and IMUs were compared on the gesture of reaching and grasping repetitions.


Summary form only given. We report on the accurate measurement of the Newtonian constant of gravity G, using an atom interferometry gravity-gradiometer. The probes of the gravitational field are two clouds of laser cooled 87Rb atoms vertically separated. Their differential vertical acceleration is measured for different positions of nearby source masses. After preliminary results obtained with lead masses, the gravitational signal is generated now by heavier, well-characterized tungsten masses. The systematic effects affecting the accuracy of the measurement have been carefully evaluated.


© 2023 Kikuchi, Nanishi, Yi and Yasuoka. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. Editorial: Challenges of maternal and child health after the COVID-19 pandemic


Code for America is a San Francisco nonprofit organization that develops "e-government" applications in partnership with U.S. municipalities seeking to change their existing approach to "e-governance." Curiously, hardly anyone affiliated with this organization, including government employees, invoke either of those "e-gov" terms. They instead use "government." As a cultural anthropologist researching how people experience the design of e-government programs, I find this difference in terminology reflects an underlying distinction in approach to government. That is, for these civic innovators, technology is integral to government, while they also acknowledge that solutions to public sector challenges are not technological alone.


This chapter examines how things come into the world and how the morality conveyed by advertising delineates how the things of the world make themselves into objectified happiness. Anthropology defines commodities as a function of the possibility of becoming an exchange object. From this point of view, anything can become a "commodity," one that continues to exert its power (and to have social value) after it has passed through an exchange. The good may be conceived as perfectly commensurate with the things of this world, a supposition that links morality with cosmology. This chapter also asserts that advertising is distinct from economics, deeper than the very facts of economic life; its focus is on things and their capacity to morally transform human life. Finally, it discusses the role that things play in the establishment of shared political and moral space.


: Blended learning is a combination of online integration and face-to-face learning that complement one another to enhance and support learning. It is widely used across disciplines and in the EFL classroom as well. This paper aims to outline the significance of using a blended learning approach as a supplement to the face to face learning in English language teaching and to understand the perception, the at-titudes, and the challenges of the EFL teachers from tertiary education in Republic of Macedonia regarding blended learning in English language teaching. The paper looks at the reasons for applying multimedia technology to English language teaching, the possibility of enhancement of ELT through technology, the benefits of incorporating technology in the language learning and teaching process, and presents the findings of an empirical research conducted in nine universities from R.N. Macedonia conducted in 2019. The empirical research relies on the descriptive method and it was conducted through an online survey consisting of a 22-question questionnaire answered by twenty EFL teachers from tertiary education. The questionnaire was designed in such a manner to be able to collect data to answer the research questions regarding the use of the blended learning approach in the EFL classroom. The findings suggest that the blended learning model is used in the EFL classroom in tertiary education in R.N. Macedonia. However, several challenges need to be addressed in order to fully and systematically implement the model and observe the opportunities it offers.


sir .—Beriberi, or thiamine (B 1 ) deficiency, is commonly believed to be extremely rare in the United States today except among alcoholics. We treated a Southeast Asian (Hmong) youth with multisystem organ failure whose symptoms and metabolic abnormalities resolved after administration of thiamine. The low level of suspicion delayed the diagnosis, highlighting the necessity to incorporate nutritional assessment into the management of our patients. Patient Report .—A 17-year-old Hmong refugee boy had a one-week history of anorexia, emesis, epigastric pain, weakness, dizziness, calf tenderness, and lowerextremity pain. He was moderately dehydrated and was admitted to the hospital for rehydration. The Hmong are a Southeast Asian ethnic group who reside in the northern mountainous regions of Laos and Thailand. The patient had been in the United States for seven years, and had 11 previous admissions for dehydration secondary to nausea and vomiting that initially was thought to be secondary to psychologic


ABSTRACT A study was undertaken to compare the postharvest properties of organically and conventionally grown bananas. The effects of ethrel treatment on the skin colour of organic and non-organic bananas (Musa AAA group Cavendish subgroup, Robusta) were determined during ripening at 22–25°C. In addition, pulp temperature, impedance (at 100 Hz, 500 Hz, 1 kHz, 10 kHz), gravimetric and volumetric pulp: peel ratios, fruit density, total soluble solids (TSS) and major (N, P, K, Ca and Mg) minerals of ripe fruit were also compared for organically and conventionally grown bananas. Organic bananas ripened faster than non-organic bananas as measured by peel colour change (reflectance, chroma and hue angle). Hedonic scale values showed that ethrel treatment promoted uniform skin change from green to yellow. Visual colour values had strong positive correlation against reflectance, chroma or hue angle, but was more closely related to hue angle. Organic and non-organic bananas had no significant difference in TSS contents. Impedance decreased with rise in frequency and pulp temperature and showed strong negative correlation against reflectance, chroma and hue angle of organic and non-organic banana at 100 Hz. Ripe nonorganic bananas had both higher gravimetric pulp: peel ratio and impedance compared with organic fruits. In all fruits, the peel had higher N, P, K, Mg and Ca than the pulp. The peel of non-organic fruits had higher N and lower P contents than organic fruits. Differences in mineral content between the pulp of organic and non-organic fruits were much less than those between the peel. This study shows that production methods of bananas has a significant influence on the postharvest behaviour of bananas and this in turn must influence their subsequent management in order to optimize quality for the consumer.


Born in Oklahoma in 1937, William Campbell moved to Oklahoma City when his father was drafted into the military during World War II. For two years, Campbell lived in a barber shop with his mother and sister and depended on his grandparents for financial support. After college, Campbell got a job with the Lockheed Corporation and moved to Georgia. He recorded his oral history interview at Kennesaw State University in April 2017.


Abstract The spectrum of the signal is often so rich in information that it is difficult to process. To reduce the quantity of information to a restricted set of relevant parameters, two descriptors from both the temporal and the frequency domains are presented: the Spectral Center Tc and the Spectral Range Tr. The first, Tc, describes the speed of the signal in the temporal domain, and the center of gravity of the spectrum in the frequency domain. The second, Tr, indicates deviation of the signal from a sinusoid in the temporal domain, and measures spectral dispersion in the frequency domain, a kind of bandwidth. Changes in these parameters as a function of variation in the shape of the temporal curve are presented via simulations of activity by "mechanical"; mice defined with simple mathematical functions.


Summary

Measurements of total organic C, δ13C and δ14C are given for topsoils taken from six experimental sites in southern England. At each site, some of the samples were collected before and some after the thermonuclear tests of the early 1960s, so that pre- and post-bomb samples could be compared for radiocarbon content. The current Rothamsted model for the turnover of organic C in soil gave an acceptable fit to the data from five of the sites, apart from one aberrant radiocarbon measurement. The annual input of C to the topsoil was calculated for the five sites from these fits; the values obtained were: 0.15 t C ha−1 a−l for a site on silty clay loam, kept bare by hand weeding since 1870; 0.2 for unmanured spring barley growing on a sandy loam; 2.95 for a fertilized all-arable rotation on a loamy sand; 1.9 for the same fertilized all-arable rotation on a silty loam and 2.5 from this rotation on a calcareous silty loam. The corresponding values for Net Primary Production at the five sites were 0.15, 0.76, 5.16, 5.71 and 5.46 t C ha−1 a−l. In fitting the model to the radiocarbon data it was necessary to postulate that all these sites contained substantial quantities of biologically-inert organic matter, ranging from 2.2 to 10.0 t C ha−1.


The POLDER (polarization and directionality of the earth reflectances) instrument, to be launched in 1996 on the Japanese ADEOS platform, includes a channel which covers the 910 nm water-vapor absorption band (near IR), as well as a channel at 865 nm. It is expected that the ratio of the two reflectance measurements can yield an estimate of the total atmospheric water vapor content. The major uncertainties on this estimate result from (1) the surface reflectance spectral signature, (2) scattering by atmospheric aerosol, and (3) the water-vapor vertical profile. A radiative transfer model has been developed in order to quantify these uncertainties. From radiative transfer simulations, an uncertainty on the order of 10% is expected on the total water vapor amount. Moreover, an airborne version of the POLDER instrument has been developed and flown over various targets. These targets include semi arid surfaces (Sahel), bog, coniferous and deciduous forest (Boreal forest) and the ocean. Water vapor measurements from radiosondes, concomitant with the POLDER measurements, are available. These data are used for the method validation.


Summary Neither penicillin nor streptomycin, separately or combined, caused demonstrable inhibition of the mumps virus in vitro or in vivo. Maximum virus infectivity occurred in 7-day-old embryos 4-6 days after inoculation; hemagglutinative capacity reached a maximum in like embryos after 8 days of incubation. The concentration of virus containing chorio-allantoic fluid used as inoculum had no apparent effect on growth of the virus in eggs. The range of optimum pH stability was 5.65 to 7.9, but the virus was relatively unstable under any conditions.


The photochemical reactivities of 1,1-diarylspiropentanes 1a–c have been investigated under various photolysis conditions. Upon direct photolysis or acetone-sensitized photolysis, 1 underwent skeletal rearrangement to afford methylidenecyclobutanes 2, 3 and 4. A mechanism involving diradical intermediates has been proposed. Also studied were the photochemical and thermal reactions of the electron donor–acceptor (EDA) complexes of 1 with tetracyanoethylene (TCNE). Photoirradiation of the charge-transfer (CT) absorption bands of the EDA complexes resulted in the skeletal rearrangement of 1 to 2 and 3, with concomitant formation of TCNE adducts 11b,c and 12a–c. The X-ray structure of 11c is reported. A mechanism involving ion radical pairs [1˙+, TCNE˙–] is proposed for the photoreaction. In contrast, no skeletal rearrangement was observed in the thermal reaction of the EDA complexes although 11b and 11c were produced.


The European mink Mustela lutreola is the focus of extensive conservation programmes whereas the American mink M. vison is exotic in Europe and a possible cause of European mink decline. Since both species, together with the European polecat M. putorius have similar hair and produce similar faeces, molecular techniques are essential for reliable species identification when disturbance is not appropriate. In this report a simple, cheap and reliable molecular method for the genetic distinction of mink is provided based on the amplification of the microsatellite locus Mel 08 that results in a longer PCR product (436 bp) in American mink than in other mustelid species, such as the European mink (221 bp) and the European polecat (221 bp). Sequencing these PCR products revealed, in the microsatellite-flanking region of American mink, a CAN-SINE insertion of 213 bp that was absent in 22 species of the Canoidea superfamily tested. When the Mel 08 PCR product is cut with restriction enzyme Aci I and then run in an agarose gel, the restriction pattern observed is different in the three Mustela spp. The method was successfully tested with DNA amplified from a large sample of hair roots, thus making it suitable for non-invasive sampling.


Allergic respiratory conditions have been associated with increased susceptibility to viral infection due to impaired interferon (IFN)‐related immune responses, but the mechanisms for reinforcement of mucosal immunity against viral infection in allergic diseases are largely unknown.


Up until now,the key issue to the practical applications of three-dimensional magnetotelluric(MT) inversion is the insufficiency in computing resources.By further analysis and understanding on data-space inversion approach of 3D MT,we develop a massively parallel inversion scheme on the basis of frequency division and matrix decomposition,and implement its procedure by using MPI on TC5000A high-performance computing platform.The algorithm we develop includes the parallel calculation of three dimensional forward modeling,and sensitivity matrix and cross-product matrix,as well as the update of model parameters.The algorithm has the advantages of higher efficiency in computation and lower memory storage in which the storage amount of sensitivity matrix in every single computing node is 2/N times that on a PC(N is the number of nodes included in parallel computation).Furthermore,we test the implemented scheme with synthetic data from two 3D theoretical models and analyze the computational efficiency under multiple-nodes computing.The numerical experiment results show that the 3D data-space parallel inversion algorithm is feasible and efficient.Compared with the implementation on single PC,the parallel scheme is not only able to improve the computing speed and shorten the computation time,but also enlarge the calculational scale,which would advance the practicality of three dimensional magnetotelluic inversion.


The density of electron‐spin angular momentum (erg‐sec/cm3) at a point x, y, z in a paramagnetic molecule is ℏ Szρ(x, y, z), where Sz is the z component of the total electron spin angular momentum in units of ℏ. If the exact wave function for the molecule Ψ is built up from one‐electron basis functions ψi, then the normalized spin density function ρ(x, y, z) can be expressed in terms of the ψi and the spin density matrix ρij ρ(x,y,z)= ∑ ijρijψj*ψi. If the ψi are molecular orbitals, then ρij is the molecular orbital spin density matrix; if the ψi are atomic orbitals, then ρij is an atomic orbital spin density matrix. The equation of conservation of spin is Tr(Sρ)=1 where S is the non‐orthogonality matrix, Sij=〈ψi|ψj〉.The elements of the spin density matrices are sensitive to overlap and electron correlation effects. This is illustrated by calculations of the spin density matrices of the ethylene positive ion radical, and of the allyl radical. The spin density matrix for the latter molecule is calculated us...


The cultures of white shrimp (L.vannamei) in Indonesia have highly developed Since its introduction on the beginning of 2000's. This species which is originated from Central America has successfully triggered shrimp cultures in Indonesia due to its high productivity. White shrimp has several advantages such as high survival rate (SR), high density, high disease resistance, low feed conversion ratio (FCR) as well as lower feed cost. The aim of this research was to study the performances of white shrimp and black tiger shrimp (P. monodon) cultured intensively in semi plastic pond including yield, SR, FCR, and average daily gain (ADG). Method of this research was case study of white shrimp and black tiger cultures in The Province of Lampung. Data were taken from 20 of 0.5 ha-shrimp ponds respectively. Results showed that the average productivity of black tiger shrimp was 3,147kgs per pond with initial stock of 255,451 pl's, SR of 54%, FCR of 1,46 and ADG of 0,17 gram per day. While the average productivity of white shrimp was 7,503 kgs per pond with initial stock of 514,035 pl's, SR of 83%, and ADG of 0,14 gram per day. Key words : Black tiger shrimp, white shrimp, semi plastic pond


This paper researches the influence of the total amount of tradable shares on the average price of tradable shares in China's securities market. We choose the total amount of tradable shares for the explana- tory variable and the average price of tradable shares for the explained variable. According to the relevant theories and methods of econometrics, in order to research the influence, we establish econometric models by using ways of long-term analysis and detail analysis. Our research shows that there is a long-term balance re- lationship between these two variables. In the short-run, the total amount of tradable shares depresses the av- erage price of tradable shares, and when the scale of the total amount of tradable shares becomes large, the depression becomes more and more significant as the total amount of tradable shares grows.


Creative Arts Educ Ther (2017) 3(1):79–86DOI: 10.15212/CAET/2017/17/9
Book Review – Francois Jullien, The Great Image Has No Form, or On the Nonobject through Painting: A Review
弗兰科瓦·于连 《大象无形,或从绘画论非客体》读后感
Nadia Chaney
European Graduate School, Switzerland

Abstract
In The Great Image Has No Form, or On the Nonobject through Painting, Francois Jullien attempts to find a way to describe the meaning of undifferentiation in traditional Chinese painting. In every chapter, he re-examines the relationship of the painter to the arising-essence of the object and the painter's desire to go upstream from the arising in order to paint with the object as the object would come to appear in the world. He describes the tradition of Chinese literati painting as an unbroken search for the non-object and the "foundation-font" of existence. In particular, the idea of the non-object is obscured, he says, by the dichotomy of presence and absence. Rather than this dichotomy, he tells us that presence and absence are a continuum in Chinese thought, and that they indicate the arising from and returning to (which is constantly occurring) of the world to an undifferentiated fount. This book may point toward a way out of the subject-object dichotomy, by offering access to a philosophy and creative tradition that does not compartmentalize time in terms of what is gone and what does not exist, but is in a constant state of emergence and transformation, so that time is part of space, and part of matter, and is not imaginary, but is material.
摘要
在《大象无形,或从绘画论非客体》一书中,弗兰科瓦·于连意在描述中国国画中"无分别"的用意。在书本的章节中,作者一次次剖析画家与物体所浮现的本质间的关系以及他想追随这种浮现至其发源处并与浮现一同来到世上的渴望。于连把中国文学界的作画传统比作一次不间断的对非客体和存在的"基础本质"的探寻。他说,有和无之间的对立掩盖了非客体这一观点。于连告诉我们,在中国哲学思想中,有和无并非对立,而是一个连续体。有和无指示这个世界接连不断地从混沌中浮现而又回到混沌中去的现象。本书向我们介绍了这样一个哲学和创作的传统,它也许能解决主体与客体间的对立:它不把时间放在过去和不存在的束缚中,而把它看作不断发生和衍化的,使时间成为空间、物质的一部分:它有实体,而非想象。


The article is based on report of Professor Lassi Heininen at the international conference "Ensuring security and sustainable development of the Arctic region, the preservation of eco-systems and traditional lifestyles of indigenous peoples of the Arctic", which was held in the framework of the V International meeting of representatives of the Member States of the Arctic Council, observer States and foreign scientific public on 15-16 September 2015 in the city of Arkhangelsk. During the period in after the Cold War has been carried out successfully transition from military confrontation to the political stability and increasing international cooperation. New circumstances and uncertainty may jeopardize the stability of the existing. Lassi Heininen believes that none of us would like to open a new front in the Arctic we are experienced and wise enough not to do so.


Sb is an effective additive to modify eutectic Si of Al-Si alloys and the modification mechanism has not yet been studied very clearly. In this paper, computer aided cooling curve thermal analysis and microstructure assessment were carried out to investigate the modification effects of Sb on Al7SiMg alloy. The results show that the Sb addition amount of 0.1~0.25% has improvement effect on eutectic Si morphology, which can be further confirmed from the thermal analysis results. The addition of Sb decreases the eutectic growth temperature by 5 °C to 7.8 °C, indicating an undercooling effect resulted from Sb modification. Compared to that of short rods, a better eutectic Si morphology of nearly granular particles can be obtained in a faster cooling rate. The length of silicon has been gradually shortened as holding time increased to 2.5 h from 0.5 h, which means a long period modification effect of Sb in Al-Si alloys. Owing to undercooling resulted from Sb addition in Al-Si alloys, the refinement structure of eutectic silicon can be achieved.


Fireballs in the Sky is an innovative Australian citizen science program that connects the public with the research of the Desert Fireball Network (DFN). This research aims to understand the early workings of the solar system, and Fireballs in the Sky invites people around the world to learn about this science, contributing fireball sightings via a user-friendly augmented reality mobile app. Tens of thousands of people have downloaded the app world-wide and participated in the science of meteoritics. The Fireballs in the Sky app allows users to get involved with the Desert Fireball Network research, supplementing DFN observations and providing enhanced coverage by reporting their own meteor sightings to DFN scientists. Fireballs in the Sky reports are used to track the trajectories of meteors – from their orbit in space to where they might have landed on Earth. Fireballs


AbstractRetroreflective screens are used in many areas of photography. Where it is required to view an image projected in the plane of the screen, the resolution can be limited by the structure of ...


AN iron-deficiency anemia associated with chronic dysphagia and glossitis in women between forty and fifty years of age is now known as side-ropenic dysphagia. Historically, the entity has borne th...


In this paper we study the H# tracking problems with preview for a class of linear continuous-time systems with impulsive effects. The systems include linear continuous-time systems, linear discrete-time systems and linear systems with the input realized through a zero-order hold. The necessary and sufficient conditions for the solvability of the H∞ tracking problem are given by Riccati differential equations with impulsive effects and terminal conditions. Correspondingly feedforward compensator introducing future information is given by linear differential equation with impulsive parts and terminal conditions. In this paper we focus on the derivation method of noncausal compensator dynamics from the point of view of dynamics constraint. We derive the pair of noncausal compensator dynamics and impulsive Riccati equations by calculating the first variation of the performance index under the dynamics constraint.


In order to investigate structure‐activity relationships in the antiproliferative darpone series, the derivatives 8a and 8b lacking the aryl substituents in either 2‐ or 4‐position were synthesized and evaluated for cancer cell growth inhibition. Since both 8a and 8b were devoid of noteworthy antiproliferative activity, both aryl substituents can be considered as part of the darpone pharmacophore.


Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) is a life-threatening dermatological emergencies. It is a rare, acute mucocutaneous disorder that usually occur secondarily as an idiosyncratic reaction to certain drugs. Prompt identification and discontinuation of the causative drug is mandatory along with adequate supportive care like proper hydration, minimize the number of skin manipulation, prevention of secondary infections. Many immunosuppressive modalities have been tried with variable results. In this manuscript, we reported 12 consecutive cases of TEN presented to our hospital over a period of 2 years from 2017 to 2019. All the cases presented with varying percentage of skin blistering and mucosal involvement secondary to an offending drug. The incriminated drug was discontinued, supportive care was initiated along with combination therapy of cyclosporine and corticosteroids as immunosuppressants. The clinical presentation, etiological drugs and treatment protocol followed and its efficacy will be described in details.


The blueprint of building up well-to-do society entirely has been planned by the16th CPCC,in which the insufficiency of farmer's income is a main problem to be solved.This paper starts with the existing condition of farmers and it also analyzes the reasons of this problem.At last it launches the solutions to the problem to realize well-to-do society earlier.


Realistic mathematics education (RME) has been gradually asserting its influence on the development of many mathematics education in the world, including Vietnam. Through decades of application and development, RME is increasingly proving itself to be an effective approach in improving the quality of teaching and learning mathematics. The article focuses on clarifying some similarities between RME theory and authentic education method. The combination of the main ideas of these two approaches can help teachers in designing and selecting appropriate learning tasks to improve the effectiveness of teaching and learning mathematics in the new curriculum context.


Cheng brothers founded the Luoyang School and became the founders of the School of Rationality, which is profound in the development of philosophy in China. In recent years, scholars criticized sharply their consciousness of absolute hierarchy and sprite-oriented nature, leaving their positive aspects unearthed. After a careful study, the paper discovered initiative and dialectic wisdom in depth of Luoyang School, where the social and historical responsibility of Cheng brothers were embodied. All this displays the modern valuation and positive significance.


Integrated full electric propulsion systems are being introduced across both civil and military marine sectors. Standard power system analysis packages cover electrical and electromagnetic components but have limited models of mechanical subsystems and their controllers. Hence, electromechanical system interactions between the prime movers, power network, and driven loads are poorly understood. This paper reviews available models of the propulsion drive system components: the power converter, motor, propeller, and ship. Due to the wide range of time constants in the system, reduced-order models of the power converter are required. A new model using state-averaged models of the inverter and a hybrid model of the rectifier is developed to give an effective solution combining accuracy with speed of simulation and an appropriate interface to the electrical network model. Simulation results for a typical ship maneuver are presented.


Risk assessment using artificial intelligence techniques can reduce costs and confer agility to the decisions. When knowledge is intricate, fraught with uncertainties or little known about the inter-variable relationships, Fuzzy Expert Systems can be useful at gathering disperse information and accumulating certainty about a fact. Frequently the knowledge of professionals as well as field observations are the main source of information to establish a knowledge base capable of evaluating critical situations. This work presents the technique of Fuzzy Logic used in the Expert System HgEx developed to diagnose mercury bioaccumulation risk from gold mining operations. It is shown how the system accommodates imprecise data input for variables, such as background level as well as how measurements are transformed into linguistic expressions with respective Degrees of Belief to be handle in a heuristic model (neural equations - Weighted Inference Method). Linguistic terms to express risk levels have the same practical effect as complex mathematical models which usually demand high costs, much data and skill to quantify the relationships between each factor and bioaccumulation.


In order to improve the cancer-targeting and selective activity of 5-fluorocracil(5-FU),a novel drug delivery system(DDS),pullulan acetate(PA) conjugate,was synthesized by a dialysis method.5-Fu was loaded into the self-assembled nanoparticles by the same method.The drug-loaded self-assembled nanoparticles were successfully obtained and characterized in terms of particle size,morphology,drug loading efficiency and release profile.The results showed that the mean diameters of the self-assembled particles were approximately 100nm,with a uniform size distribution and good sphere morphology.The nanoparticles showed good stability at various environment conditions.The total release volume was nearly 70% within 18 hours,showing great controlled release.The nanoparticles showed better controlled release with lower pullulan acetylation degree,but the drug loading efficiency slightly decreased.The PA nanoparticles are promising for loading 5-FU in anti-cancer drug delivery system.


The cell cycle (nuclear division cycle) of a multinucleate green alga, Boergesenia forbesii (Harvey) Feldmann was studied using microspectrophotometry and BrdU incorporation techniques. Mitosis was observed frequently 1‐4 h after the beginning of the light period, on a 16:8 h LD cycle at 25°C. Mitotic nuclei formed discrete patches. Other nuclei remained in the G1 period. The DNA synthetic phase (S phase) was estimated to last about 12 h from microspectrophotometric study using aphidicolin inhibition just before the S phase and release from it. The G2 period was estimated to be about 2 h, because a labeled prophase nucleus could be detected when the samples were labeled with BrdU continuously over 3 h. The incorporation pattern of BrdU changed through the S phase nucleus. In early S phase, BrdU staining was detected as many dots in the entire nucleus, while in late S phase, it was detected as several discrete regions along the nuclear membrane. Almost all nuclei in B. forbesii were in the G1 stage after nuclear division, and the nuclei in several patches of the cell simultaneously initiated DNA synthesis. Once the nuclei entered into S phase, these nuclei continued into G2 and mitosis. In other words, the cell cycle regulation of entrance into S phase from G1 is an important factor in the growth and morphogenesis in B. forbesii.


In recent years, new digital technologies have significantly changed the way we live and work, as well as the way organizations operate. These new technologies caused the need for a serious approach to modification of higher education processes in the areas of business, especially business informatics. If they are to effectively direct strategies of modern organizations in the changed environment, managers, as key products of education in these areas, first and foremost must understand the occurring transformations (what is driving them, where they are headed). In addition to that, managers themselves need to become digital innovators, actively involved in these changes. Relatively inexpensive, easy-to-use digital infrastructure consisting of computers, mobile devices, broadband network connections, application platforms, etc. creates an opportunity for all business professionals to be a part of the innovation process and contribute to the success of their organizations. Digital innovations that are embodied in or enabled by information technologies (IT) are very broadly defined and include products, processes and business models. Such innovations require an analytical approach to both core and elective courses of business informatics curricula, as well as to and their purposeful modification. This paper briefly presents the characteristics of digital innovation as the basis for changes of curricula in the field of business informatics. Content of courses made necessary by digital innovations are particularly highlighted. A detailed analysis of competences and course contents was carried out based on a selection of existing curricula in this area that are implemented within several highest ranked universities in Europe. Lastly, this paper presents a preliminary proposal of an up-to-date business informatics curriculum which is in line with trends initiated by digital innovation.


Abstract Electric conducting polymers have been a center of scientific interest and the object of very active multidisciplinary research during the last decade. Polymers as plastic materials have been known and used in numerous technological applications for their low cost, light weight, and flexible properties. The discovery of electrical and optical activities in a certain class of polymers resulted in the development of one of the exciting areas of condensed matter science nowadays. The main characteristic required for electrical and optical activity in a polymer is a conjugated backbone which can be subject to oxidation or reduction by electron acceptors or donors, resulting in what are frequently termed p-type or n-type doped materials, respectively. Via the formation of a complex between the polymer and the dopant, a considerable increase in the electron mobility and, therefore, the electrical conductivity is obtained.


In Reply: We thank Dr. Caruso for his comments related to our observational study reporting a substantially increased risk of postoperative residual paralysis in patients having qualitative train-of-four (TOF) monitoring of eye muscles compared with those monitored at the adductor pollicis.1 Reversal of neuromuscular blockade before extubation was assessed clinically as per routine care. Due to the observational nature of the study, we did not standardize what clinical tests that may have been used. We agree with Dr. Caruso that subjective assessment of the response to nerve stimulation, and of clinical tests, is inadequate to confirm successful reversal. Although the presumed mechanism behind the association of monitoring site and residual paralysis would be a more generous administration of neuromuscular-blocking drugs to patients with monitoring of eye muscles, we did not observe differences in neuromuscular-blocking drugs dosing. It is conceivable that patients in the eye muscle monitored group would have had lower adductor pollicis TOF-counts at the time of neostigmine such as tidal volume may explain this finding. While most patients will not be harmed (as shown in this study) by extubating with a train-of-four ratio less than 90, these patients are likely at increased risk of respiratory complications.4 As such, we encourage practitioners to confirm that the reversal drug has had the desired effect. To not do so makes an assumption which will be incorrect in a small but real percentage of patients.


Objective To investigate the effect of combination of hemoperfusion with continuous veno-venous hemofiltration in rescuing patients with acute severe poisoning.Methods We have choised 28 patients,admitted by emmergency department from 2007-8 to 2009-9 for treatment of acute severe poisoning.In the base of routine medical treatment we adopted HP+CVVH trerapy.A contrast analysis was carried out on indexes of blood coagulation,liver function,renal function,serum enzymology and oxygenation before and after therapy.Results After treatment there was an explicit decrease in indexes of blood coagulation,liver function,renal function and serum enzymology(P0.05),and vital signs improved remarkably;platelet was decreased slightly,but the bleeding wasn't happen.Conclusion HP+CVVH plays an important role in rescuing patients with acute severe poisoning;it can eliminate the poison(drug) in the short time and improve markedly toxic symptoms,liver and renal function and indexes of serum enzymology and coagulation,and it can stabilize inner environment of organism to be favorable to improve prognosis of patients.


The present invention relates to an air conditioner touch screen, comprising a light transmissive display panel, LED display circuit board and touch response, display panel disposed directly on the light-transmitting opening key, cooling key, hot key system, key dehumidification, wind key, key wind speed, temperature + key, the temperature - or a bond area of a plurality of operation keys basic function of the air conditioner, the inside surface of the light transmissive display panel with respect to each key area close to the ITO conductive film of a touch by health, in the upper end of each of the ITO conductive film is provided with a toner layer regions, LED display panel and the touch response circuit board is fixed to the mounting structure, the mounting structure of the display panel and the transparent plate is fixedly connected to the response circuit of the toner layer in the touch region is provided between the conductive spring. The present invention implements a function key touch and key emitting prompts the user in the air-conditioning Standby, direct functional operation key operation on the display panel, so that the user needs quick access to the air conditioner operating state, also improves touch key sensitivity.


The development and expression of gout depends on three key steps: (1) chronic hyperuricemia, (2) the growth of monosodium urate (MSU) crystals, and (3) interaction between MSU crystals and the inflammatory system. Epidemiological studies have continued to improve our understanding of the environmental and genetic factors which influence chronic hyperuricemia and gout. The influence of obesity, alcohol, race, sex, age, and specific dietary components will be discussed below. The primary mechanism of hyperuricemia is insufficient renal clearance of uric acid which in turn is dependent on transport of uric acid in the proximal renal tubule. Knowledge of the transport mechanisms has improved understanding of the genetic influences on gout and is relevant to understanding of the effects of drugs which can increase or decrease renal uric acid clearance. The application of established principles of management including diagnosis through crystal identification, the gradual introduction of hypouricemic therapy with the use of prophylaxis to reduce the risk of flares, identification of a suitably low target of plasma urate, a progressive increase in therapy to achieve the target and taking steps to encourage good compliance, has the potential to improve outcomes for patients with this very common affliction. The potential role for new therapies will also be discussed. The epidemiology and treatment of gout This review will initially address the epidemiology of gout and then discuss developments in the management of this very common disorder. An excellent review of the epidemiological studies relevant to gout has been recently published. 1 The nomenclature used in this review is based on the fact that uric acid is a weak acid with a pKa of approximately 5.8. Thus, in plasma it exists predominantly as the ionized urate ion. Logically therefore the plasma measurement should be referred to as " urate " rather than " uric acid ". Plasma and serum urate concentrations are equivalent and in this review " plasma urate " will be used, regardless of whether the original publication used plasma or serum. The crystals which form in joints to produce gout are mono-sodium urate monohydrate (MSU), not uric acid, crystals. In acidic urine about 50% of uric acid exists in its non-dissociated state and the crystals which may form in urine are composed of uric acid. Thus, when referring to urine or urinary calculi, the appropriate term is " uric acid ". The development of gout requires three distinct steps: (1) prolonged hype-ruricemia, …


NATO troops are leaving Afghanistan in 2014, a quarter of a century after Soviet troops ended their occupation. How comparable are the two retreats, and will Afghans suffer fighting and destruction similar to what happened when foreign troops last left? Mikhail Gorbachev, who took the withdrawal decision in 1985, felt the war had become an expensive stalemate. The USSR opted to base its exit strategy on diplomacy and the idea that the Afghan government should pursue peace talks with its armed opponents. This emphasis on negotiations differs from Obama's policy, which remains predominantly military and rejects compromise with the Taliban. Obama and NATO claim progress on the battlefield and argue that combat duties can safely be "transitioned" to newly trained Afghans. But most Afghans are gloomy. Although they do not expect Kabul to fall to the Taliban, they believe that the insurgents will capture large parts of southern Afghanistan. Many also fear that ethnic tensions will grow throughout the country, perhaps leading to conflict between warlords from the Tajik and Uzbek minorities and the Pashtun majority.


In this work, we investigated the optical switching process for two shapes of femtosecond pulses (Soliton and Gaussian) propagating inside a symmetrical dual-core non-linear directional coupler by simulating their propagation via the coupled non-linear Schrödinger equations. In all simulations, we considered the dispersive effects of second and third order, besides the self-phase modulation, self-steepening non-linear effects and added Raman scattering. The critical power increased for a Raman factor varying from 1 to 10 fs, and the two pulse shapes reached thresholds above 150 W from a 5 fs factor.


The form of the display mediated the meaning of decorative objects in the encounter of 'Arts and Crafts' and 'Art Nouveau' at the First International Exhibition of Modern Decorative Art held in Turin in 1902. Most European displays featured model interiors with architectural fittings or the arrangement of furniture ensembles that located the decorative art in the private, domestic sphere. For example, Siegfried Bing recreated the dressing room designed by George de Feure, familiar from his popular 'Art Nouveau Bing' pavilion at the Paris exposition of 1900, in the French section. This article suggests that this type of display reaffirmed the pre-eminent status of the consumer. In contrast, the English section organized by the painter and designer Walter Crane under the auspices of the Arts and Crafts Exhibition Society adopted a museum paradigm for their display. With objects hung on the gallery walls and arranged in vitrines, the Arts and crafts display focused on production and offered decorative objects as public works rather than private objects. As contemporary critics revealed, the rhetorics of these displays underscored the cultural and political tensions surrounding decorative objects and their meanings in this moment.


111.86. Can't we imagine people having a geometry of colours different from our normal one? And that, of course, means: can we describe it, can we immediately respond to the request to describe it, that is, do we know unambiguously what is being demanded of us? The difficulty is obviously this: isn't it precisely the geometry of colours that shows us what we are talking about, i.e. that we are talking about colours?


Summary This paper aims, on the one hand, to determine the valid span of the diagram of unequal hours and, on the other, to find a mathematical expression for the error. It is found that the diagram is valid for the two days of the equinoxes and for the times when the sun is on the horizon or on the meridian. This subject has previously been treated by Delambre in 1819 and Drecker in 1925, but not comprehensively.


500 ndescended testis (UDT) is defined as a testis which cannot be brought into a stable scrotal position. We hereby present the UDT mimicking an inguinal lymph node in a patient with lymphoma. A 59-year-old man with Non-Hodekin's lymphoma (NHL) underwent F-18 FDG PET/CT scan to evaluate the chemotherapy response. F-18 FDG PET images showed a mild F-18 FDG uptake focus suggesting a residual lymph node in the right inguinal lymph node area (Figure 1). On CT and fusion PET/CT images, there was an ovoid lesion mimicking a lymph node (3 x 3 x 5 cm in size, SUV 2.3) in the right inguinal region. When examined carefully, right testis was absent in the scrotum and the lesion suggesting lymph node was the undescended right testis located in the inguinal canal (Figure 2). On clinical examination, the right testis was nonpalpable and there was a mass (3 x 5 cm in size) in the right inguinal region mimicking an inguinal lymph node.


The dormitory, a common facility for college students, is being deployed and used in terms of both efficient use of space for students and comfortable living. Among them, I was in charge of the rest of the students in the dormitory and investigated and analyzed the dormitory bed which occupied the largest portion of the indoor space. The purpose of this study is to investigate the present condition of bed arrangement and the use condition of the university dormitory in Seoul, and finally to design the bed design which is practical and maximize storage for the students in the dormitory space that accommodates a large number of people, Respectively.


Present study was conducted to know the dietary pattern, physical activity and management of osteoarthritis in males and females of 60-80 age groups. Osteoarthritis complications were majorly age related.


Basic education is the single most powerful weapon against poverty. It is also a fundamental human right. Yet today, 125 million primary aged children are not enrolled in school, and almost 900 million adults are unable to read or write. The European Commission is the world's fifth largest donor, while the EU member states account for two thirds of total bilateral aid to basic education. The combined influence of the EU and its member state governments on the educational prospects of the world's poorest children is potentially enormous. But too often education development policy has been fragmented, incoherent and weakly coordinated. This lack of coherence and internal efficiency has been reflected in a lack of international policy influence, and in a limited positive impact on poverty. This paper identifies some of the key problems in EU aid to education.


A description of the plate evaporator is given with particular reference to the A.P.V. products. The difference between the plate evaporator and plate heat exchanger is pointed out. The advantages and disadvantages of this method of evaporation are discussed. The specific requirements of the plate evaporator in dealing with heat sensitive materials are considered.


Family quality of life literature suggests that families with a member with an intellectual/developmental disability frequently face major difficulties in building social connections with others. They experience low levels of social support, face challenges in community inclusion, and are at risk of social isolation. These challenges may also be faced by other types of marginalized families. Families experiencing serious illness, families experiencing intrafamily violence, and migrant families or those seeking political asylum, for example, may also become isolated and find themselves without pathways to connections with others. We present practical suggestions intended for families and professionals interested in action and intervention at the personal, community, program, and policy levels to encourage the growth of social connections and prevent isolation of families experiencing social exclusion. The suggestions will come from families with a member with a disability and the findings of a study examining the social support of families as it relates to quality of life.


Courgette and brie soup, meatballs in tomato sauce, lamb and apricot casserole, coq au vin - these dishes are part of the repertoire for graduates of the Cooking with Chris course run by the Hospice of St Francis.


We consider an algebraic multilevel preconditioning technique for SPD matrices arising from finite element discretization of elliptic PDEs. In particular, we address the case of non‐M matrices. The method is based on element agglomeration and assumes access to the individual element matrices.


A new principle for resonance measurement based on injecting resonant frequency signal is presented in this paper. By this principle, the grounding capacitance and grounding resistance can be measured on-line in ineffectively grounding power system. Based on it, Petersen-coil automatically tuning is implemented, and 100% stator grounding fault protection for generator stator windings is also proposed. The prototype for Petersen-coil tuning has been tested on the network for many years. As well as the new method for generator stator grounding fault is verified by simulation.


The memory subsystem for computer vision and image processing applications must sustain high memory bandwidth to keep processors busy. This paper advocates the use of stream descriptors, a mechanism that allows programmers to indicate data movement explicitly. Stream descriptors enable the compiler to organize memory transfers more efficiently by matching data movement to the capabilities of the underlying hardware. Stream descriptors are used in this paper on an image sensor interface to describe the deterministic movements of objects in segmented image regions. The paper shows how stream descriptors reduce the bandwidth requirements for a set of computer vision applications.


Although Remote Direct Memory Access (RDMA) has become one of the most promising networking technologies in data centers, it is prone to link failures and several schemes have been proposed to utilize redundant network paths in RDMA for mitigating the problem. However, they still do not scale well since their schemes rely on a connection-based transport mode which uses more cache memory than a datagram-based mode in RNICs. In this paper, we propose a novel UD-based multi-path transport in RDMA (MPRUD). MPRUD not only addresses the scalability problem by employing UD QPs which occupy only a small amount of cache memory but also obtains robustness with failure detection and recovery algorithms. Our evaluation shows that MPRUD can achieve the line rate bandwidth with utilizing multi-paths and successfully recover from link failures about 72x faster compared to a default single-path flow, significantly decreasing data loss to 0.12% (from 4.5GB to 5.6MB).


D.J. acknowledges financial support from MECD under Grant No. UAC-2004-0052. J.F.R. acknowledges financial support from Grants No. FIS200402356 (MCyT) and No. GV05-152, and the Ramon y Cajal Program (MCyT). J.J.P. acknowledges financial support from Grant No. MAT2005-07369.


Touch screen system (110) has a touch area (156). At least one transmitter (152, 154) is positioned near the outer edges of the touch area (157), transmitting the first beam in the first direction. At least one beam splitter (162, 164) is positioned near the outer edges of the touch area, the first beam is divided into at least the second and third beam, the second and third beams in the touch area, respectively through it sent to at least second and third directions. At least one beam splitter has a plurality of deflection elements (169). Receiver (158, 160) is positioned near the outer edges of the touch area, receiving at least the second and third beams.


This report summarizes efforts to characterize the measurement of conductive mesh and smooth surfaces using proximity measurements for a dielectric resonator. The resonator operates in the HEM11 mode and is shown to have an evanescent field behavior in the vicinity of the sample surface, raising some question to the validity of measurements requiring near normal incidence on the material. In addition, the slow radial field decay outside of the dielectric resonator validates the sensitivity to the planar supporting structure and potential radiation effects. Though these concerns become apparent along with the sensitivity to the gap between the dielectric and the material surface, the basic concept of the material measurement using dielectric resonators has been verified for useful comparison of material surface properties. The properties, particularly loss, may be obtained by monitoring the resonant frequency along with the resonator quality factor (Q), 3 dB bandwidth, or the midband transmission amplitude. Comparison must be made to known materials to extract the desired data.


The paper considers the problem of optimizing the composition of food mixtures intended for feeding individuals with a predisposition to diseases associated with impaired bone mineral density (BMD) by selecting the ratio of the main and additional raw materials in the mixture. The mathematical formulation of the problem was carried out and the result of its solution was obtained using a computer program. The formation of the optimal composition of the mixture was calculated taking into account two criteria - restrictions on the ratio of the main and additional raw materials and taking into account the specified requirements of the standard for the amount of basic nutrients that will provide nutritional support for people with a predisposition to BMD impairment.


A QRT(Quad-Rotor Type) hovering robot system is developed for quick detection and observation of the circumstances under calamity environment such as indoor fire spots. The UAV(Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) is equipped with four propellers driven by each electric motor, an embedded controller using a DSP, INS(Inertial Navigation System) using 3-axis rate gyros, a CCD camera with wireless communication transmitter for observation, and an ultrasonic range sensor for height control. The developed hovering robot shows stable flying performances under the adoption of RIC(Robust Internal-loop Compensator) based disturbance compensation and the vision based localization method. The UAV can also avoid obstacles using eight IR and four ultrasonic range sensors. The VTOL(Vertical Take-Off and Landing) flying object flies into indoor fire spots and sends the images captured by the CCD camera to the operator. This kind of small-sized UAV can be widely used in various calamity observation fields without danger of human beings under harmful environment.


Designing
highly efficient heterogeneous catalysts for the Friedel–Crafts
acylation (FCA) reaction is a very significant subject for the development
of green chemical industry. Herein, a series of nanosized iron carbide-encapsulated
N-doped porous carbons (FexC/NC-n) have been prepared through high-temperature pyrolysis
of the Fe-Zn bimetallic organic framework for the catalytic application
in FCA of aromatic compounds with acyl chlorides. A variety of characterization
results demonstrated that the nanosized iron carbides (FexC), which are wrapped inside of the graphitic carbon
shell, are the main active sites for the FCA reaction. Changing the
ratios of Fe/Zn can considerably influence the particle size of FexC and the thickness of the graphitic carbon
shell. The composition-optimized catalyst, named as FexC/NC-0.05, exhibited the highest activity and excellent
recyclability for the reaction. The relatively thin graphitic carbon
shell allows rapid penetration of reagents and, meanwhile, can also
provide effective protection for the active FexC particles against leaching by space confinement and electronic
effects, thus resulting in the formation of highly active and stable
FexC/NC-n catalysts for
the FCA reaction.


In the paper 'Viking 1975 Mars Lander Interactive Computerized Video Stereogrammetry' by Sidney Liebes, Jr., and Arnold A. Schwartz (Journal of Geophysical Research, 82 (28), 4421–4429, 1977), Figure 8 on page 4426 is printed upside down. The stereo pair and legend are reproduced correctly below.


There is a serious threat to Australian scholarship from the new collecting policy of the National Library of Australia. Not unexpectedly, this disturbing change has provoked widespread criticism from people who understand the adverse implications for Australian intellectual competitiveness and expertise in the wider world.


"Technology is changing the way people (insert virtually any verb here) today." The previous sentence, combined with the idea that technology itself is neutral but can be used for good or bad, has become the formula for the majority of current counseling and therapy literature focusing on the impact of technology. Unfortunately, many scholars settle for generic ideas that could have applied to the telephone or television in bygone eras. Our profession is ready to upgrade from this one-dimensional conception of technology use to a model that merges technology with an understanding of human nature. Farley Gillispie and Gackenbach begin their book by rejecting previous good/bad technology dichotomies and setting a framework exemplified by the question, "How do we negotiate wellness through the maze of online interactive media effects that we have largely ignored offline?" (p. ix). Before discussing any specific technology, Farley Gillispie and Gackenbach point out that the contrast between offline and online behaviors is not as great as people initially may think. They note, "[T]here is harm online. It's the same as offline but it feels bigger when projected into cyberspace because we can't control it . . . " (p. ix). In their introduction, Farley Gillispie and Gackenbach present two tools that they use throughout the text. First, they provide a four-step model for evaluating the impact of any online behavior. Step 1 involves gaining knowledge, and Step 2 requires understanding what would create problem use (adapted from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders [4th ed., text rev.; American Psychiatric Association, 2000] addiction criteria). In Step 3, online use is assessed. In Step 4, the offline impact of online behavior is considered. Second, the authors offer a metaphor. They recommend that parents think of parenting in this technology-rich age like teaching a child to cross the street. The parent begins with the child completely depending on the parent for safety, then the parent helps the child learn to recognize safe and unsafe situations and act appropriately. Once the child gains this awareness, the child completes the task completely independent of the parent. These two tools distinguish Cyber Rules from other similar texts.


Ruminants are an integral part of smallholder farming systems in Indonesia. However the extent and continuous nature of cropping on densely populated islands such as Java leaves little land available for grazing. Most livestock are therefore permanently housed and fed indigenous forages cut from field margins and roadsides. Cut-and-carry feeding is labour-intensive and the supply of forage is often the most expensive input to ruminant production. Surprisingly, farmers collect quantities of forage greatly in excess of the appetites of their livestock. In Experiment 1, indigenous forage dominated by Axonopus compressus, was offered to sheep at increasing rates: 25, 50 or 75 g DM/kg liveweight (W) daily (d). The results showed that although DM intake and W rose with increasing offer-rate, the incremental improvements from 50 to 75 were non-significant (P>0.05) and less than from 25 to 50. Rice bran is a cheap and readily available feed. It could be used to substitute for a large proportion of the expensive forage on offer. In Experiment 2, rice 252 Ruminant Feeding Strategies in Mixed Farming Systems of Indonesia bran was fed to sheep at 0, 15 or 30 g DM/kg W0.75.d in combination with indigenous forage offered at 30 or 60 g DM/kg W.d. Sheep fed the lowest cost 30/30 (forage/rice bran) diet achieved similar total DM intakes as those receiving the 60/0 diet and W gains as those receiving the 60/15 diet (P>0.05). Even when using supplements Javanese farmers persist in offering excess levels of forage to their livestock. It is unlikely that they justify this excess feeding on the basis of marginal gains in animal productivity alone. The rationale for excess feeding may lie in greater yields of manure-compost produced from a mixture of refused forage and excreta which accumulates in pits beneath the slatted floors of their animal barns.


A sensitive spectrometer system capable of reproducing faithfully the line shape in NQR has been shown. Several types of regen 巴 rativeoscillator have been examined and it was found that th 邑 Kushidatyp 日 oscillatoris v 邑 rysupeno r. Magnetic field modulation of on-off current or 呂 ntisymmetrichalf-sine one was utilized in order to obtain the absorption line shape. W 巴 developeda frequency marker circuit , which produces pips on a pen recorder at predetermined frequency increments. This circuit can also trigg 邑 ra digital voltmet 巴 rand a printer in order to record the spectrogram with a suitable frequency interva l. Using th 日 spectrometer syst 叩 1 , a very good S/N ratio has been obtain 巴 dfor 35CI NQR 1i nes in Cu(CI0 3 )2 ・ 6H , O and ρ-dichlorobenzene. From thes 日 r 日 sultsit has be 巴 nfound that this spectromet 巴 rsystem is useful to investigate the line shape of NQR line


An automated, continuous flow system for the online, multivariable optimization of a chemical reaction is presented. Time and material required for an optimization trial are minimized by performing reactions in an integrated silicon microreactor and incorporating an HPLC for inline monitoring of the reaction performance. We use the system to optimize two different reactions to describe the potential impact of this system for reaction development. First, we demonstrate the broad operation capabilities by incorporating several feedback algorithms to optimize a weighted objective function involving the yield and the throughput of a Knoevenagel condensation reaction. After illustrating how system operations can be adapted for individual reactions, we perform a multiparameter optimization to maximize the yield of benzaldehyde in the oxidation pathway of benzyl alcohol to benzaldehyde to benzoic acid. A significant feature of the automated system is the ability to perform "black-box" optimization where no a pri...


Coparenting among heterosexual parents is associated with child behavior. Less is known, however, about coparenting and its associations with child adjustment in adoptive families with lesbian and gay parents. • In this study, associations among coparenting and child adjustment were explored among adoptive families headed by lesbian, gay, and heterosexual couples using multiple assessments, including observational data. • Although significant differences in coparenting were found across couple type, all couples on average demonstrated more supportive than undermining coparenting behavior. • Couples who were more supportive than undermining also had children with fewer behavior problems, regardless of family type. • In sum, parental sexual orientation was associated with differences in parenting interaction, but not with differences in child outcomes. Introduction • Coparenting describes the ways in which two parents accomplish the tasks of childrearing together (McHale et al., 2000). • In heterosexual-parent families, qualities of coparenting have been found to be associated with child adjustment such that more supportive coparenting behaviors are related to fewer child behavior problems (e.g., McHale et al., 2002; Schoppe-Sullivan et al., 2009). • To date, coparenting and associations with child outcomes have not been extensively studied among adoptive families and families with lesbian and gay parents. Little observational data in this area exists. • The purpose of this study was to examine coparenting and child behavior in adoptive families headed by lesbian, gay, and heterosexual couples with young children. Method • Participants were 104 families (25 lesbian, 29 gay, and 50 heterosexual couples) with at least one adopted (via domestic, infant adoption) child (Mage = 3 years). Demographic information is presented in Table 1. • Observational data of family interaction were collected. Both parents and child engaged in a videotaped, free play session lasting ten minutes. • Dimensions of supportive and undermining coparenting behavior demonstrated during family play were analyzed using the Coparenting Behavior Coding Scale (Schoppe et al., 2001). • To assess child behavioral adjustment, parents completed the Child Behavior Checklist for 11⁄2 to 5 year olds (Achenbach & Rescorla, 2000). • Hypothesis 1: Couples would differ in coparenting across family type, since previous coparenting literature on division of labor indicates that same-sex couples are more likely than heterosexual couples to report sharing rather than specializing in childcare (Peplau & Fingerhut, 2007). • Hypothesis 2: Regardless of family structure, more supportive coparenting interactions would be associated with better adjustment among children. Table 1. Demographic Information about Adoptive Families Figure 1. Coparenting behavior among adoptive parenting couples. Table 2. Correlations among Coparenting and Child Behavior Problems Note. Values represent Pearson r values. †.05 < p < .01. *p < .05. Results • Results showed that, overall, all couples demonstrated significantly higher levels of supportive rather than undermining behavior during family play (see Figure 1). • Several significant differences, however, were found among couples in coparenting (see Figure 1). Lesbian couples were the most supportive, and gay couples the least. Heterosexual couples were the most undermining, and lesbian couples the least. • Thus, a unique profile of coparenting dynamics emerged for each family type. • Despite these differences, parents who demonstrated more supportive behaviors also had children with fewer problems, regardless of family type (see Table 2). • In particular, greater pleasure and interactiveness among parents were associated with fewer child externalizing problems. Greater interactiveness was also associated with fewer internalizing and total behavior problems among children (see Table 2). • In contrast, greater competition demonstrated by parents was associated with greater externalizing behavior problems among children (see Table 2). • These associations were not significantly different across family types. Discussion • In conclusion, families led by lesbian, gay, and heterosexual adoptive couples differed in coparenting behaviors. These findings may indicate how parental sexual orientation, as well as parent gender, may be linked with differences in parenting experiences of adoptive families. • For all families, however, supportive coparenting was significantly related to fewer behavior problems among children. • Taken together, the results suggest the importance of family processes to child outcomes in adoptive families with lesbian, gay, and heterosexual parents, over and above the influence of family structure and parental sexual orientation. • These findings contribute new information to developmental and family systems theory about how parental sexual orientation is related to family dynamics and child outcomes. The results may also inform policy and law regarding controversy about the adoption of children by lesbian and gay adults.


Sixty-seven closing wedge arthrodesis procedures of the first metatarsocuneiform joint were performed in 41 females and 12 males. Follow-up averaged 28 months (range 16–49 months) and was performed in 51 of 53 patients with a questionnaire, clinical examination, and comparison of pre- and postoperative weightbearing radiographs. The average hallux valgus angle was 34.5° (range 20°–75°) and was corrected to 13.0° (range −10°–22°) postoperatively. The average intermetatarsal angle was 14.3° (range 9.5°–34°) and was corrected to an average of 5.8° (range 0°–12°) postoperatively. Complications included seven superficial pin tract infections, three symptomatic dorsal bunions, one of which required repeat surgery, seven nonunions, one of which was symptomatic, one hallux varus, and three neuromas of the deep peroneal nerve. The range of motion of the hallux metatarsophalangeal joint was 85% of normal postoperatively. A total of 77% of the patients were totally relieved, 15% partially relieved, and 8% not relieved with respect to pain, comfort, appearance of the foot, and shoewear following surgery. The specific indications for performing this operation are discussed.


Abstract : Maps of sedimentary physical properties are essential to a complete understanding of processes shaping the continental shelf. We have demonstrated that measurements of electrical resistivity can provide exciting new insights into shelf structure, and aim to make electromagnetic (EM) surveys a routine component of seafloor classification programs. The first objective of this research is to image, in terms of electrical properties, buried paleo-channels within two regions surveyed in 3D by the Huntec seismic system (Davies et al., 1992; Davies and Austin, 1997). These Huntec surveys identified several buried channels at a depth of around 10m below the seafloor. Channels found in the northern survey area and one set at the western end of the southern Huntec area are carved in a surface that is thought to represent an erosional surface exposed during a sealevel low-stand. A prominent channel surface that has also been mapped in 3D appears at the eastern end of the southern Huntec area, but this channel sits above the seismic reflector R and may mark a separate sealevel low-stand. The second objective is to investigate the porosity structure within the prominent current-carved sandbar features seen in bathymetry and also in sidescan data. The third objective is to characterize the electrical signature of several regions of notably high acoustic backscatter which lie at the northern tips of topographically high sandbars.


Vegetable wastes were an-aerobically digested in a lab scale batch reactor at ambient temperature. The organic loading was maintained at 0.08 - 0.09gmVS in one reactor and 0.15-0.17gmVS in another reactor with hydraulic retention time of varying from 20 to 56 days. The amount of total biogas produced from the reactors was found to be in comparison with the amount of biodegradable fraction (BDF) added, ie., on an average 1.3 lit for 1.4gm of BDF and 2.5lit for 2.6 gm of BDF.


conditions is atrophy of the oral mucosa and this I believe to be the most important premalignant condition in the mouth and not necessarily the disease which is superimposed upon it. This atrophy, sometimes associated with diminished flow of saliva, again is the basic common denominator to the predisposition of malignancy in the upper alimentary tract in women with long-standing iron deficiency anmmias. Whereas rarely are carcinomata arising from white patches seen in the mouth, apart from the lips, there are few carcinomata which are not associated with an atrophic mucosa. This atrophic mucosa is identified by its satiny, smooth dry appearance with loss of normal landmarks and subject to excoriations and ulcerations from the slightest trauma or infection. The etiology of this atrophy is, therefore, really more important than the etiology of the superimposed white patch, be it resulting from trauma, smoking, or other causative agents.


The purpose of this study was to evaluate various cues on a background display format that depicted attitude information. A combined head-down display format was evaluated where the central rectangular area focused on tactical information and the background border presented attitude information. The attitude information, in essence, framed the tactical display format. A comparison was conducted among variations of the original background attitude indicator (BAI) created by General Dynamics personnel. Three types of cues were investigated: color shading, color patterns, and pitch lines with numbers. These cues were tested individually and in combination with one another. Results showed that in terms of initial input time, the combination of color shading and color patterns performed the best.


Our study focuses on the physical chemical and biological effluent characterization and evaluation of cultivated soil surfaces (viticulture and citrus) for tertiary treatment of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content in the secondary effluent of the sewage treatment station (STEP) east of the city of Tizi-Ouzou Algeria. The results of physicochemical analyzes, performed over a period of three years, show that the treated effluent, has a slightly alkalinity (pH = 7.52), annual average concentrations of 20.15 mg/l total nitrogen from 11.30 mg/l total phosphorus and 19.35mg/l of total potassium. The determination of the parameters measured pollution indicators gives average: BOD5 = 28.32 mg/l, COD = 44.50 mg/l, MES = 14.20 mg/l. The concentrations of heavy metals in sludge from these waters are: Cr = 74.2 mg kg DM, Cu = 115 mg/Kg DM, Ni = 10.5 mg/kg DM, Pb = 6.8 mg/Kg DM and Zn = 400 mg/kg DM. They are lower than the accepted standards in the agricultural use of these effluents. The concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the sludge are 11.75 g/kg DM, 8.18 g/kg DM respectively, and 16.06 g/Kg DM g/kg DM. The results of the laboratory tests also show the total absence of parasites or their eggs may limit agricultural reuse of the effluent. The area planted for tertiary treatment obtained experimentally for vineyards and citrus cultivation, applied to the treated effluent of the STEP East Tizi-Ouzou with a capacity of 120,000 population equivalents are measured at 909 ha to 983 ha. The nitrogen inputs, phosphorus and potassium in the annual volume of irrigation are respectively 148.20 kg / ha / year, 81.69 kg / ha / year and 139.88 kg/ha / year for viticulture and 134 58 kg / ha / year, 75.47 kg / ha / year and 129.24 kg / ha / year for citrus. The respective averages nutrient equivalent inhabitants by hectare by year are respectively 132 EH / ha / year and 122 EH/ha / year for viticulture and citrus. The annual flows of 132.385 tonnes of total nitrogen, total phosphorus 74.241 tons and 127.129 tons of potassium with a year cumulation from 6 570 000 m of water.


Traditionally, for the planning and assessment of solar power plants, the amount of solar radiation incident on the Earth's surface is assumed to be invariable over the years. However, with changing climate and air pollution levels, solar resources may no longer be stable over time and undergo substantial decadal changes. Observational records covering several decades indeed confirm long-term changes in this quantity. In a previous study (Wild et al. 2015, Solar Energy)1 we examined how the latest generation of climate models (CMIP5) projects potential changes in surface solar radiation over the coming decades, and how this may affect, in combination with the expected greenhouse warming, future power output from photovoltaic (PV) systems. In the present complementary study, we use the CMIP5 model projections to estimate possible future changes in power output from Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) systems due to changing climate and air pollution levels up to the mid-21th century. The results indicate a pote...


BACKGROUND
The purpose of this study was to provide updated estimates of the average lifetime medical cost per infection for chlamydia, gonorrhea, and trichomoniasis.

METHODS
We adapted a published decision tree model that allowed for 7 possible outcomes of infection: (1) symptomatic infection, treated, no sequelae; (2) symptomatic infection, not treated, sequelae; (3) symptomatic infection, not treated, no sequelae; (4) asymptomatic infection, treated, sequelae; (5) asymptomatic infection, treated, no sequelae; (6) asymptomatic infection, not treated, sequelae; and (7) asymptomatic infection, not treated, no sequelae. The base case values and ranges we applied for the model inputs (i.e., the probability and cost assumptions) were based on published studies.

RESULTS
The estimated lifetime medical cost per infection for men and women, respectively, was $46 (95% credibility interval: $32-62) and $262 ($127-483) for chlamydia, $78 ($36-145) and $254 ($96-518) for gonorrhea, and $5 ($1-14) and $36 ($17-58) for trichomoniasis. Cost estimates for men were most sensitive to assumptions regarding the probability that the infection is symptomatic, the probability of treatment if asymptomatic, and the cost of treatment of infection. Cost estimates for chlamydia and gonorrhea in women were most sensitive to assumptions regarding the probability and cost of subsequent pelvic inflammatory disease (PID).

CONCLUSIONS
These estimates of the lifetime medical cost per infection can inform updated estimates of the total annual cost of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in the United States, as well as analyses of the value and cost-effectiveness of STI prevention interventions.


3-D Navier-Stocks equation with multi species and chemical reaction process was applied with CFD method on the chemical oxygen iodine laser(COIL) model using nitrogen as diluents gas to investigate the detailed flow field and the coupling between physical and chemical process, especially the appropriate mixing technique. It is found that mixing by jet in the subsonic section is inapplicable to the N2-COIL without primary buffer gas; jet in supersonic is necessary and with the appropriate flow rate ratio, the small signal gain could reach 1.5% cm-1 in the position of cavity; the efficient area of gain is widened since the thickness of boundary layer is reduced as the result of mixture weight increase.


The reform of every stage was opened by significant innovation and making a breakthrough in theory by holding a comprehensive view of the course of the reform in the economic field since our country had reformed and opened to the outside world.These theoretical innovation and making a breakthrough established important theoretical basis for promoting the reform to go deep into constantly.The process of the reform of our country in the economic field was a process of interaction of theoretical innovation and making a breakthrough and exploring of practice again and again.


In this paper we investigate the use of SAR and multispectral sensors on board of the ENVISAT-1 satellite for urban remote sensing applications. We are interested mainly on the mapping capabilities of these two sensors and provide results for urban land use extraction using ASAR data and urban area definition using MERIS bands


The present invention relates to microarrays of immobilized biomolecules, which have at least two spatially separated surface portions B, which are arranged on a surface, each area comprising a plurality of spatially separate places P on which the biomolecules are immobilized, and wherein the extent of the regions in the middle corresponds to a distance the boundary line of each region B to its centroid in the range of 10 microns to 250 microns. The invention also relates to a process for preparing Mikrobioarrays, in which either - by means of spotting techniques biomolecules spatially resolved is applied to a suitably patterned die surface so that each spot a plurality of the raised portions of the die surface, for example, column-shaped projections covering, and then brought into contact, the stamp surface with the surface on which the biomolecules to be immobilized and optionally excess, that is, non-immobilized biomolecules removed (variant 1); or - means μCP technique, hereinafter referred to a corresponding to the array pattern of connections V, which cause immobilization of biomolecules on a surface as a coupling agent V, applied to the surface to give an array of a plurality of spatially separated places P which are coated with the compound V, then a solution of biomolecules to the so ...