: The topic that focused this research was the need of the saxophone students to expand their instrumental and musical knowledge through holistic and interdisciplinary training (cultural, aurally and research) without forgetting the need and importance of motivation through arts.Currently, the results of this didactic experience, which can be observed through the videos of the different class sessions, are being very positive, because these studentshave been aware of the importance of having continuous technical and expressive education with a complete interdisciplinary work including the search of different arts to connect with the emotions to be transmitted, both in the moment of improvisation and the interpretation of the piece or song.


The Draper firm was sui generis and followed none of the set patterns in the textile machinery industry's development. During its formative years it possessed what was unquestionably the most dynamic developmental organization in the industry, an organization quite unmatched in any other textile-machinery firm in any other period in American history [16, p. 117]. Beginning in the 1870s and continuing for over three-quarters of a century, the Draper Company was the dominant force and worldwide leader in shaping mechanical innovations in the cotton textile industry. The Draper Company was the central and directing agency in the development and continued improvement of high-speed ring spinning (the most important spinning innovations of the late 19th century textile industry) in the 1870s and 1880s. The Draper automatic loom, introduced in 1895, was a breakthrough in weaving technology; its fundamental design remained the industry standard and was not rivaled in significance by any 20th century textile innovation, until the post-World War II development of shuttleless looms. The exceptional technical and industrial leadership of the Draper Company and its top owner-managers has been recognized by industry historians [16; 7, pp. 212, 214]. Yet its path-breaking "dynamic developmental organization" has remained largely unexplored and unexplained. What follows is a brief account that in part fills this gap, along with some broader speculations.


Earthquake and rainfall play an important role in the landslide occurrence. Landslide stability and geomorphology coupled model built is a physical deterministic model, that can be easily used in landslide hazard analysis and prediction in GIS. Comprehensive landslide stability analysis criteria is also established .


Innovation in the manufacturing sector has been extensively investigated and has demonstrated a long-standing association with organizational performance, particularly in today sophisticated and technologically driven world. Green innovation has recently attracted attention in the innovation scene, particularly in the apparel industry across efforts. Moreover, green innovation initiatives adopted in the apparel sector have also been researched well, however, their impact on organizational performance is seen as a research gap in the current study. As a result, the study's objectives are to identify the factors that affect organizational performance in green innovation and to assess the impact of green innovation on organizational performance. With the identification of green innovation being a driver of organizational performance, the research conducted through this study has displayed that organizational performance can be explained through a multitude of factors such as financial performance, competitive advantage, environmental performance, operational performance, talent development and organizational culture. Hence it is recommended to be analyzed thoroughly and implement from a governmental level itself to ensure that the relevant support towards sustainability and green innovation is attained. As such, more manufacturing efforts in terms of supplier basis need to be formed which would be sufficient for manufacturers to enable production. This will allow enterprises in achieving economic growth while coexisting in a harmonized manner with the environment.


The producer, director and writer Tim Burton is known for his rather strange films. "Alice in Wonderland" is one of those movies that is easy to play with. Unfortunately, Wonderland wasn't as strange and weird as I expected, given what we mostly see from this producer. Tim Burton could have played a little more with it. However, the characters were great. In fact, all the characters from the real story for kids were present and the actors were good, especially Johnny Depp. I give (...)


This article has found out about the current situation of informatization development of textile machinery industry of Shaanxi Province through surveying, its development situation, obtained corresponding Strength Opportunity strategy, Strength Threat strategy, Weakness Opportunity strategy, Weakness Threat strategy, then carried on phased planning from actual condition and put forward the corresponding implementation main points to Shaanxi textile machinery industry.


The PCT isotherm of ZrCo hydride having fully disproportionated phase in it was studied to measure complex phase equilibrium and/or to compare a difference of deactivated metal hydride from normal hydride in temperature range of 100~300°C. A full portion of disproportionation in ZrCo hydride was measured and was estimated by Sievert PCT isotherm apparatus, XRD, EDX and so forth. As a result, a modification of H/ZrCo atomic ratio in the PCT diagram is necessary to depict a narrow range of PCT isotherm for fully disproportionated ZrCo metal hydride system, while some analytical methods indirectly supplement the effect of disproportionation on PCT isotherm of the ZrCo hydride.


The progress in the time-resolved characterization of HiPIMS discharges performed during the last decade in our group is overviewed. Optical emission and absorption spectroscopy, as well as laser-induced fluorescence-based techniques have been mainly utilized. The results covering such important aspects of the HiPIMS discharge as the density evolution of the discharge species, their ionization and excitation, propagation of secondary electrons in the discharge volume, dynamics of velocity distribution of the discharge species, gas rarefaction, etc. are discussed.


ABSTRACT Bessie is one of the last survivors of a vessel type that once performed essential transport and travel functions on South Carolina rice plantations. Built from a single hollowed out cypress log, Bessie fuses design and construction traditions of dugouts and plank-on-frame boats. This article describes Bessie's construction, discusses propulsion systems, and examines its use in Carolina plantation culture. We propose that Bessie represents a 'canoe boat', a vernacular form largely unique to the southeastern United States and Caribbean.


rT HE article by Ralph P. Rosenberg in a recent issue of this journal gives us an excellent picture of the beginnings of doctoral work at Yale University in i86i.1 A detailed analysis of what has happened since that date is to be found in the comprehensive volume by Bernard Berelson, Graduate Education in the United States.2 Mr. Berelson has written with such insight and understanding and has expressed himself so effectively that any attempt to repeat this story seems quite superfluous. Rather, in this short article I will discuss the meaning of the Ph.D. degree as it is now and may be in the future. By so doing, I hope to give the reader a better understanding of some of the issues in the debate with regard to the character of the program leading to this degree. Often the participants in the discussion suspect that they are misunderstood, or are suspicious that their words are not even heard, and the result is a stalemate. The explanation of this frustration is that graduate schools, and especially deans of graduate schools, have one ideaoften a rather definite one-concerning the meaning of a Ph.D. program, whereas those who wish to change the program have quite different objectives and frequently are unaware of the basic assumptions that motivate the administration of graduate work. We may expect that these arguments will increase in frequency and sharpness as the number of students in graduate schools becomes greater and as the types of employment undertaken by those with a Doctor's degree grow more varied. Suggestions for change come not only from college presidents who employ degree-holders for purely teaching purposes, but also from faculty members in universities, students, government agencies, and industry. Another reason for stressing the meaning of a doctoral program is to help us remember its important and vital features as we attempt to adapt our universities to a rapidly changing society. I will not attempt in this brief article to analyze in detail the arguments for changing the Ph.D. degree or the criticisms of it. Any one of these could well be the subject of an entire paper. Rather, it would seem


In food processes, convection is still the main heat transfer mode and air is the most common heat transfer medium. The heat transfer enhancement at fluid-solid interfaces remains one of the crucial issues of these processes. The electrohydrodynamic (EHD) enhancement by 'ionic wind' is a promising technique that consists in applying an electric field of very high voltage and low electric current. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the performance of EHD enhancement of heat transfer in a square channel. The ionic wind is generated to disturb the air flow and to increase the convective heat transfer coefficient. Numerical and experimental investigations are performed in order to analyse the influence of the key parameters (velocity, geometry, applied voltage) on the heat transfer coefficient. EHD equations are solved by combination between Matlab and Comsol. Experiments are conducted using infrared camera in order to measure the surface temperature and to calculate the local heat transfer coefficient. In the set-up, air is blown at a velocity up to 5 m/s and the ionic wind is generated by a wire electrode located across the channel. We obtain a good agreement between the model and the experiment (maximum discrepancy of 10% on Nusselt number). At Re≈5000 the enhancement of the heat transfer by the electric body force leads to a three-fold increase of the mean heat transfer coefficient. The numerical model permits to determine that multiple wires are required to obtain a significant enhancement over a wide surface. The distance between adjacent wires should be twice the distance between the wire and the ground plate. The modelling approach gives relevant information and basic rules could be derived to design EHD experiments.


Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease in which T-cell activation plays a pivotal role in the induction of articular damage. CD4+/OX40+ T cells accumulate in the synovial fluid (SF) of RA patients, which suggests that they are involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. In this study, we assessed the intracellular cytokine production of peripheral blood and SF CD4+ and CD4+/OX40+ T cells from RA patients in order to evaluate their role in this disorder. Our results show that SF CD4+ cells are predominantly interferon gamma (IFN-γ)-positive and express a Th1-like cytokine pattern. In SF, significantly more CD4+/OX40+ T cells expressed interleukin-4 (IL-4) and IL4/IFN-γ than IFN-γ alone. Our data demonstrate that SF CD4+/OX40+ T cells express a Th2/Th0 cytokine profile, which suggests that they are involved in inflammatory responses in RA joints.


The purpose of this study is to investigate the mechanical and thermal properties of aquatic wastewater hyacinth plant natural power, ash and fibre reinforced polymer composite samples. This work is primarily concerned with creating sustainable products from this aquatic waste in a sustainable manner. Hyacinth plant fibres, powders and ash particles are used in this work as reinforcement material for composite samples, which are made by utilising the hot press compression moulding technique and epoxy matrix. In this study, new mechanical way of fibre extraction process is used to extract the fibres of the water hyacinth. Mechanical strength and thermal properties thermo gravimetric analysis, differential thermo gravimetric, thermo gravimetric peaks of hyacinth composite samples are evaluated. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction techniques are used to characterise the hyacinth composite. A scanning electron microscope is used to examine the fractured surfaces of hyacinth composite sample samples. By using this technique, fibre clusters, fibre fractures and fibre pull-outs can be identified. Waste management and waste recycling concepts are heavily influenced by this manuscript. The zero-waste concept has been achieved through this work. According to all the findings of this study, the natural plant fibres from the water hyacinth plant and ash particles can be used as reinforcement materials in conjunction with an epoxy resin matrix for making lightweight particleboard products and other lightweight materials in general.


An extension of an earlier paper (see ibid., vol.39, p.1051-4, July 1991) on this subject is hereby developed to allow for the generalization of the Born approximation to account for eddy currents in the column. Also, the relevance to VLF sprites is pointed out; these are ionized columns extending from the cloud tops to the low ionosphere.


Digital transformation has been sounding since 2021 and massive improvement is still being conducted after the outbreak. The transformation cannot be separated from the use of language as the media in linking the demand and supply, given that copywriting skill is urgently needed as many people enjoy content. By organizing workshop on copywriting skill, the goal of supporting side hustler to get the opportunity in this field was gratefully achieved. A day workshop collaborated with Badan Kreatif Denpasar (Denpasar Creative Agency) has raised the confidence of youth as the target to elicit their passion in copywriting. The impact of the workshop is positively encouraging the youth passion in having remote working as their dominant personality trait.


Yannu Zheng: Ph.D. candidate Year of enrolment: September, 2010 Expected final date: May, 2015 Sweden has long enjoyed a good reputation in the world for its openness, advanced technology and strong innovation capability. To maintain its leading position in research and innovation, attracting talented scientists and engineers, especially like inventors, who are strong drivers of technology advance and innovation, from other countries is extremely important for Sweden because of its limited local population resource. Therefore, it is crucial to get a more detailed understanding of demographic and social characteristics of foreign-born inventors, the relation between these characteristics and their invention performance and their role in contributing to technological progress and invention in Sweden. This could help the companies and policy makers adopt more effective policies to attract and inspire their potential inventive passion and promote Swedish technology development. However, until now, very little attention has been paid to foreign inventors by academic researchers. Differing from earlier studies which usually just compare the performance of foreign-born inventors with local ones based on a limited set of variables, case studies and/or surveys in the USA (No and Walsh, 2008; Walsh and Nagaoka, 2009; Hunt and Gauthier-Loiselle, 2010; No and Walsh, 2010), we compare foreign inventors themselves by birth country in this paper. Moreover, we dig into their characteristics and backgrounds which could be strongly related to their performance. This has never been done before, mainly due to lack of data and limited attentions. Thanks to a newly compiled long-run and rich dataset which comprises matched patent information and individual demographics provided by the population register of Sweden 1978-2009, this can be performed. In the new dataset, matching of foreign inventors is based on patents filed at the European Patent Office (EPO) with individual register data maintained by Statistics Sweden using name and address. The basic characteristics of the foreign inventors are described by summary statistics and regression analysis to explore the relationship between characteristics of foreign inventors and their inventive performance. According to the study, over the period 1978-2009, 2557 foreign inventors from ten different country groups were found in Sweden, which amounts to 11.18% of the total share of Swedish inventors (here refer to who reside in Sweden at the time when their patents were filed at the EPO. They may have or not have personal number. It includes both Swedish local and foreign inventors), and they participated in 15.36% of the total Swedish patent applications in EPO. Among them, 37.35% are from EU25 (excluding Denmark, Finland and Sweden), followed by the Nordic countries (excluding Sweden) (28.43%), Asia (14.67%), Europe (except EU25 and the Nordic countries) (9.78%), North America (3.4%), South America (2.11%), Africa (1.96%) etc. By studying their reasons for settlement in Sweden, we found that work, family ties and studies are the top three reasons, which is different from different groups. We also found that their demographic characteristics are quite different. For example, the rate of female inventors from the Asia group reaches 17.39%, while for EU25 and Nordic countries, their rates are only 8.28% and 8.56%. In addition, the average age of inventors from the Nordic countries is 48 years old, while it is only 36 years for the ones from Oceania. Even more discriminating is the gross yearly income. The groups from lowest groups of Oceania and Asia only make up 9.5% and 26.8% of the highest group from EU25. The obvious imbalances in the age and gross yearly income among different groups are partly explained by the variation in shares of the female inventors, whose average age is much younger than the male ones (41.3: 45.7) and whose gross yearly salary is much lower (9562:33159 kr) for all groups.


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The MSO evaluation problem on trees is the problem of computing, for any MSO formula φ and any finite tree T , the set of satisfying assignments of φ(X1, . . . , Xk) over T . In [3] we considered the MSO evaluation problem on full binary trees as a Datalog query evaluation problem, and gave a Datalog-theoretic solution to it for any MSO formula φ; we thus subsumed previous results obtained for a restricted class of MSO, namely for unary MSO queries. In the present paper we extend the results of [3] both to r-ary trees and to unranked trees, thus providing a general Datalog-theoretic solution to the problem for the class of finite trees.


The third chapter is about a theogony that had been known to the philosopher Eudemus (fourth century BC), and all of the other fragments that modern scholars have associated with this theogony. The Neoplatonist Damascius (fifth century AD) says that the theogony started with Night, but modern scholars have tried to link this to other early fragments of Orphic poetry. This chapter discusses Aristophanes in the first section, and Plato and Aristotle in the second section, arguing that their scattered references to Orphic poems might not have been from the same theogony. The third section introduces the Orphic Hymn(s) to Zeus that appear in different variations, the earliest of which are from around the same time as these other fragments. The fourth section suggests that early Orphic fragments about Demeter and Dionysus are not from the Eudemian theogony.


ABSTRACT The private information ratio (PIR) is measured by a ratio of abnormal returns of a security, which represents security-j-specific information to the unexpected return of equally weighted Korean Composite Stock Price Index (KOSPI) representing broad stock market information. Price movements after a large price movement are examined in two cases: large security-j-specific information for the top (bottom) 10 percent of the PIR distribution and large market-wide information between 40 and 60 percent of the PIR distribution. Two types of cumulative abnormal returns, and , are computed to see price movements after event days. More supports for return continuations than for return reversals are found, leading to more support for market efficiency.


Using friction hot forming process on hydraulic cylinder ends,hydraulic cylinder can be sealed by itself,which can save two sealing devices of hydraulic parts,avoid the leak of hydraulic parts,enhance the rigidity of hydraulic parts,optimize the structure of hydraulic parts and increase the service life of hydraulic parts.


Some years ago (Gibbons & Hawking 1977) it was suggested that solutions of Einstein's equations with a positive cosmological term should eventually settle down to a state which is stationary inside the cosmological event horizon of any future inextendible timelike curve. This stationary state, it was suggested, would, if no black holes were present, be de Sitter space. The recent work on the inflationary scenario in the early universe has reawakened interest in this topic and the purpose of this article is to review the mechanism whereby a universe dominated by vacuum energy, so that it satisfies the equation


Objective To investigate the correlativity between magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) morphological features and the expression of C erbB 2 in breast cancer. Methods MR scanning was performed on 78 patients with breast cancer and 42 patients with fibroadenoma before operation. The MRI morphological features of breast cancer were analyzed. C erbB 2 expression of the specimens of the patients with breast cancer and fibroadenoma after mastectomy were determined by immunohistochemistry. The relationship between the immunohistochemical results and the MRI morphological features was analyzed. Results Irregular shape or spiculated margin, obscure margin and necrotic center were found more frequently on plain MRI in patients with breast cancer. C erbB 2 positive expression was positively correlated with necrotic center of breast cancer ( P 0.05) but the expression of C erbB 2 was not significantly correlated with spiculated margin and obscure margin of breast cancer ( P 0.05). Conclusion There is correlation between MRI morphological features and the expression of C erbB 2 of breast cancer to a certain degree. MRI features can reflect the biologic behavior and prognosis of breast cancer, which can provide evidence for clinical treatment planning of breast cancer.


The island of Newfoundland is very important to the Canadian mining industry. It houses some of Newfoundland and Labrador's (NL) major mining operations and exploration activities. Commercial mining, which began in 1864 on the island, has historically impacted the sustainability of communities. Using a mixed methods case study approach, the study first employed a three capitals sustainability assessment model, the 'Telos framework', to assess the current state of community sustainability in the Town of Baie Verte. The study then examined the impacts of mining on the assessed state of sustainability in Baie Verte and explored the role of government and corporate policies in these impacts.
The study findings indicate that the Town of Baie Verte has had two mining eras (the old era from1960s-1996, and the new era from 2010-present). The mining operations in the old era, on the one hand, made significant contributions to the economic and socio-cultural capital of Baie Verte, but were environmentally destructive with adverse impacts on health and safety. The mining operations in the new or current era, on the other hand, seem to have good environmental performance so far, but have made fewer contributions to the economic and socio-cultural capitals of Baie Verte compared to the previous era. In terms of the role of policy, overall, both government and corporate policies seem to have played more of an environmental role than an economic or socio-cultural role in enhancing the sustainability of mining communities in NL; but in the case of Baie Verte, corporate policies have made significant socio-economic contributions as well. Two recently launched federal and NL provincial government sustainable mining policy initiatives, namely the Canadian Minerals and Metals Plan (CMMP) and Mining the Future 2030, a Plan for Growth in the NL Mining Industry, have the potential to supplement other existing policies and plans and to enhance the overall sustainability of mining communities in NL, including Baie Verte. In order to achieve this, collaboration will be needed between stakeholders in government, industry, and local communities for implementing these plans.


Performance testing of direct-tapped PVC pressure pipe was conducted at the Utah Water Research Laboratory to verify and document its capabilities under cyclic pressure condi tions. Twelve samples of nominal six-inch diameter, pressure class 150 PVC pipe, manufactured to satisfy the requirements of A WWA Standard C900, were obtained from four Uni-Bell Member producers. Five pipe samples were tapped and fitted with 3/4 inch corporation stops under a line pressure of 80 + 5 psi. Another five pipe samples were tapped and fitted with olle-inch corporation stops under a pressure of 150 psi. Only corporation stops complying with AWWA Standard C800 were used. The remaining two pipe samples were not tapped, for use as controls. All twelve pipe samples were subjected to 1.5 million pressure cycles ranging from 100 to 200 psi. A continuous record of the pressure cycles was kept and a red dye was added to the water in the test pipes so that even the smallest amount of leakage could easily be detected. These cyclic tests represent an extreme condition that pressure class 150 psi, C900 PVC pressure pipe, would rarely be subjected to in service. To reach 1.5 million pressure surges, the pipe would need to be in service 171 years if such surges occurred once every hour on the average. A nearly instantaneous 5.7 fps flow velocity change would be needed to increment the internal pressure by 100 psi. This velocity change would occur, for example, if a flow rate of 525 gpm were stopped by complete closure of a valve in a nominal six-inch diameter PVC pipe line. No leakage or seepage developed around any of the threaded corporation stops during the testing through 1.5 million cycles of pressures varying from 100 to 200 psi at two second intervals.


This paper exploits a natural experiment to estimate the impact of segregation policy on the rate of interregional marriage in China using data from China census 2000. The identiflcation strategy is based upon difierences-in-difierences caused by a policy change in August 1998, which reduced the legal barrier for native men to marry migrant women, but did not directly afiect native women's propensity to marry migrant men. This legal change increased urban men's propensity to marry migrants by 80%. The magnitude of the increase is larger for urban men from areas with above-average migration population (117.1%), and for urban men with below-high-school education (137.0%).


Nowadays, the fast growing of the automotive sector is one of the main social and environmental risks in the world. "Green" solutions in an automotive sector are included in designing, production, exploitation and the final utilization of vehicles. The reduction of harmful impact of vehicles on the environment might be achieved by the use of ecological construction materials or by the assembly of systems which influence the fuel consumption. Construction innovations, especially the application of biodegradable and recycled materials in an automotive sector, were showed in the first part of article. This paper presents the technologies which influence the operation of the engine. The aforementioned solutions in conjunction with the eco-driving can limit the harmful impact of the automotive sector on the environment. The initial economic analysis associated with the application of ecological innovations in vehicles and their impact on the annual cost of the acquisition of fuel was also presented.


The mechanical deformation of thin films and membrane carbon electrodes during galvanostatic charge-discharge cycles has been measured by a simple optical technique. We have considered the deformations of coke and of graphite membrane electrodes to be due to the variations in the volume of grains and to the surface forces resulting from the electrochemical double layer. For such composite electrodes the minimum stress can be associated with the potential of zero charge of the electrode. The results show that the stress is due mainly to variations of volume in nonporous electrodes, to surface forces, and to the presence of passivating layers in very porous electrodes. The stress observed in the membrane electrodes after Li + intercalation consists of an irreversible compressive tension and results in a permanent deformation of the electrodes


This paper introduces a new version of multivalued generalized F-Suzuki-Contraction mapping and then establish some new common fixed point theorems for these new multivalued generalized F-Suzuki-Contraction Mappings incomplete strong b-Metric Spaces.


Objective To study the effect of dismantled Shenqi Pill on the content of adrenal cortex ultrastructure in kidney-"Yang" deficient rats.Methods The rats were injected with cortisone at the dose of 25 mg·kg-1·d-1 for 12 days and administered with dismantled decoction at the same time.On the 21th day,the rats were killed and the adrenal gland was isolated.The changes of adrenal cortex ultrastructure were observd by JEM-120ExDJD electron microscope.Results Compared with model group,the damaged mitochondria and lipid droplet in adrenal cortex cytoplasm in the first group of invigorating "Yin",the second group of invigorating "Yin",the first group of invigorating "Yin"-"Yang" and the second group of invigorating "Yin"-"Yang" was improved significantly.The second group of invigorating "Yin" was superior to the first group of invigorating "Yin",groups of invigorating "Yin"-"Yang" were superior to groups of invigorating "Yin",the second group of invigorating "Yin"-"Yang" was superior to the first group of invigorating "Yin"-"Yang".Groups of invigorating "Yang" did not improve significantly.Conclusion All groups of invigorating the kidney,especially groups of invigorating "Yin" can improve the damaged adrenal cortex ultrastructure to different extents.The effect of invigorating "Yin"-"Yang" is the most significant.It provides experimental evidence for the research of the compatibility of Reinforcing "Yang" from "Yin"" theory and the methods of invigorating "Yin" is superior to that of invigorating "Yang".


This thesis is a sociolinguistic study about compliment responses strategies used by the female basketball players in my club in Surabaya. The compliment responses I discussed are in daily conversation of Bahasa Indonesia. To find the strategies of my respondents using those ways, and to find the influence of culture and custom in using the compliment responses, I take three respondents in my research. My respondents are my friends in the basketball team; they are Marry, Ann, and Katty, who have different characteristics. I use a qualitative research to do my study, in order to observe the topic deeply, not just observing the surface data. Although my observation is in Bahasa Indonesia, I use Herbert?s theory as the main theory on the types of compliment responses strategies. In the findings, I can show that my respondents, who are female, tend to use `no acknowledgement? strategies in responding to the compliment on ability, and they have their own reason to do that. While in responding to the compliment on appearance, they tend to use `praise upgrade? strategies, as their special characteristics of the basketball players who live in a `mess?. Culture, society, and mood may have influenced people in using the types of compliment responses. Besides, there are social factors (external factors) and conditions such as relationship, status, and even internal factors such as mood, age, which influence them in responding to the compliment. It depends on the purpose and the intention of the speaker in using the compliment responses strategies.


Fractional-order differential and integral operators and fractional differential equations have extensive applications in the mathematical modelling of real-world phenomena which occur in scientific and engineering disciplines such as physics, chemistry, biophysics, biology, medical sciences, financial economics, ecology, bioengineering, control theory, signal and image processing, aerodynamics, transport dynamics, thermodynamics, viscoelasticity, hydrology, statistical mechanics, electromagnetics, astrophysics, cosmology, and rheology [...]


Cloud storage services have changed the way used to manage and interact with data outsourced to public domains. With these services, multiple subscribers can collaboratively work and share outsourced data without any concerns about their data consistency, availability and reliability. Examples of these services include Dropbox, Box.net, UbuntuOne or JungleDisk. Although these cloud storage services offer seductive features, many customers are not rushing to move their data into these services. Since data stored in these services is under the control of service providers which makes it more susceptible to security risks. Therefore, using cloud storage services for storing users data depends mainly on whether it is sufficiently secure or not. From the way cloud storage services are constructed, we can notice that these storage services don't provide users with sufficient levels of security leading to an inherent risk on users' data from external and internal attacks. To deal with these security problems, this paper proposes a novel data sharing mechanism that simultaneously achieves data confidentiality, fine-grained access control on encrypted data and user revocation by combining ciphertext policy attribute-based encryption (CPABE), and proxy re-encryption (PRE). Keywords-Secure Storage; Cloud Computing; Proxy Reencryption; Ciphertext Policy Attribute Based Encryption.


This paper analyzed the significance of the agricultural population,non-agricultural population,population density in the process of non-agricultural population from 1997 to 2008 in Lhasa City.It discussed the relationship between non-agricultural population and the variation of cultivated land.Results showed,the trend of non-agricultural population was significant while cultivated land decreased gradually.The coordination coefficient between non-agricultural population and the variation of cultivated land was less than 1,which indicated that the impact was not serious at present.


This paper examines the large-scale climatic drivers of winter drought in south-east England, considering measures of meteorological drought (SPI), groundwater drought (SGI), and hydrological drought (normalized streamflow). Potential drivers include ENSO, sea surface temperature, recurring wind patterns, solar forcing, and the Atlantic Multi-decadal Oscillation (AMO). The authors show that SPI, streamflow, and groundwater droughts are correlated, examining the most relevant lag and accumulation period for the region. They also show that extreme ENSO values have a significant influence on winter droughts in the region, though this effect is small and represents only a fraction of total variability, limiting predictability. Some smaller effects related to


Microplastics are ingested by organisms and the prominent concerns of this exposure include accumulation in internal tissues, trophic transfer in the food web and increasing the bioavailability of toxic substances (co-contaminants) that may be associated with microplastics. The abundance and extent of plastic debris in marine environments is now recognised as among the highest priority issues for environmental policy


In response to the complex process and the lack of response to capability requirements of operational concept design, this paper proposes a conceptual design method for weapon equipment system-of-systems based on capability requirements. The operational concept design is divided into two parts: "operational capability requirements modeling" and "capabilitybased conceptual design modeling". The corresponding modeling framework and description products are presented separately. Finally, using the method proposed in this paper, the conceptual design tool of weapon equipment system-of-systems is proposed. The superiority and practicability of the method and the tool are verified by an example. Keywords—weapon equipment system-of-systems; operational concept; operational capability; conceptual design


This paper describes object oriented technology and the blackboard structure, and introduces them to expert system of insulation fault diagnosis in power transformer for the first time. The paper constructs the object oriented blackboard knowledge base of insulation fault diagnosis in power transformer integrated with artificial intelligence, the criterion of the regulation and a lot of expert experiences. The paper brings forward the new structure of knowledge base.


This study revealed the ways that student leaders make sense of their approaches to leadership in African student organizations in the United States. Seven leaders of recognized African student organizations in universities from the Midwest, Pacific Northwest, and the South took part in interviews. Discourse analysis of interview data revealed the complexity of leadership discourses and practices in a postcolonial context in showing that African student organizational leadership (a) proceeds through the accommodation and resistance to dominant Western organizational and/or colonial discourses and (b) enables leaders to make sense of theirs and their organizations' identities in the context of discourses that marginalize African forms of cultural expression.


Measuring job satisfaction of the employees is a big concern for the prestigious organizations in order to maintain high productivity from its employees, because if an employee suddenly left the job that may cause a loss to the company because it's not easy to find new qualified employees. Finding or making an employee qualified will consume the organizations' time and money. This paper presents two techniques in order to predict the Jordanian job satisfaction: Artificial Neural Network and J48 Decision Tree, using an online questionnaire, the dataset was gathered, specific questions were answered and specific attributes which related to the study were taken to make the prediction using the Weka tool.


This paper presents a hermetic sealing technique for rectangular waveguides and packages to improve the reliability of systems in the F band (90–140 GHz). The technique features a new sealing structure, which is a laminate composed of two sealing plates and a spacer with a WR-8 waveguide. The sealing plate has the fused glass window and separates inside air from the ambient atmosphere. The laminated structure with the two sealing plates provides larger passband width than that with one sealing plate and is suitable for broadband wireless systems. The insertion loss of the fabricated sealing structure is 0.35 dB at 125 GHz. From 116 to 136 GHz, the return loss and a variation of group delay are better than 15 dB and 10 ps, respectively. We verified that the sealing structure has good simulation fidelity and that packages sealed with this technique meet the hermetic-seal standard in MIL-STD-883.


1. beach coating with the basic unit - granules of plastic into multiple mass, - in the form of granular mass. ! 2. Beach generated using beach coating with the basic unit - granule of plastic, - in the form of granular mass.


Master Course Dissertation Dental Science Post Graduation Program Federal University of Santa Maria EFECT OF MACHINING, THERMAL CYCLE FOR GLAZING AND ACID ETCHING IN THE FLEXURAL STRENGTH OF A GLASS-CERAMIC AUTHOR: SARA FRAGA ADVISER: LILIANA GRESSLER MAY Defense Place and Date: Santa Maria, July 31, 2013. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of hard machining, thermal cycle for glazing and acid etching on the surface roughness and flexural strength of a leucite glass-ceramic. Additionally, it was investigated whether the roughness after machining would be influenced by the machining order and by the pair of burs employed. Six pair of burs were used to produce 144 discs by automated machining, which were divided into groups (n=24): 1) machining (M); 2) machining and heat treatment (MH); 3) machining and acid etching (MA); 4) machining, heat treatment and acid etching (MHA); 5) machining and polishing (MP); 6) machining, polishing and acid etching (MPA). The roughness after each treatment was measured using a contact profilometer. The discs were submitted to a piston-on-three ball flexure test (ISO 6872/2008). Weibull analysis was used to compare the characteristic strength (σ0) and Weibull modulus (m) of the groups. The effect of the treatments, machining order and pair of burs on the surface roughness of the specimens was analyzed. Machining reduced the σ0 when compared to polishing. The polishing protocol was able to eliminate the defects introduced by machining, which was observed by means of scanning electron microscopy. The heat treatment did not alter the roughness, but reduced the σ0 and created amorphous material on the ceramic surface, as shown by the x-ray diffraction. Acid etching increased roughness, without reduce σ0. The Weibull modulus did not differ significantly among the groups, which means that all the treatments resulted in similar defects distribution. Spearman's coefficient (rs) indicated strong and significant correlation between machining order and roughness (rsRa = -0,66; rsRz = -0,73). The roughness after machining differed significantly according to the pair of burs employed (p<0,05). Thus, hard machining and thermal cycle for glaze demonstrated a negative effect on the ceramic strength, as opposed to acid etching, which does not appear to affect the flexural strength of the material. Variability in the roughness data could be expected after machining, since the Ra and Rz values seem to be influenced by the machining order and the pair of burs employed.


Erdelyi and Meijer gave certain integral representations of Whittaker functions. Erdelyi obtained them by means of fractional integration by parts. In this paper I obtain certain integral representations of Whittaker and Weber functions by double integration.


It is extremely expensive for an organization to question the effectiveness of its customer relationship management (CRM) systems. The purpose of this study was to gain understanding of how leadership sponsorship impacts the effectiveness of CRM implementation, deployment, and daily use in the United States. A mixed-methods research study was conducted using an electronic survey questionnaire to gather quantitative data and phone interviews to gather qualitative data. The sample included individuals who were familiar with CRM and worked in organizations in the United States that had implemented a CRM system no less than 2 years and no more than 5 years prior to this study. The quantitative findings indicated value in leaders maintaining a focus on the needs of the customer, encouraging flexibility for employees as they work through their processes, and keeping current with the culture of technological advances. The qualitative findings revealed the relationship between leadership sponsorship and effective usage of CRM is greatly benefited when key leadership positions act at the right times, when organizations involve the user in the CRM processes, and when leaders find a way to incorporate CRM into the daily workflow. The findings suggested that the relationship between leadership sponsorship and CRM effectiveness was stronger when specific leadership positions were engaged in the appropriate things at the right times.


Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) is a non-surgical invasive intervention with or without stenting performed on coronary heart disease (CHD) patient to improve blood flow of narrowed coronary arteries. One of the complication after PCI is in-stent restenosis (ISR), which is the narrowing of stented segment of coronary artery. Diabetes Mellitus (DM), is characterized by hyperglycemia, has long been known to increase the risk of CHD by 2-4 fold. Condition of hyperglycemia in diabetes has affects on the progression of neointimal hyperplasia (NIH) that progress to ISR. As the number of CHD patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) is expected to increase, so is the risk of ISR incidence in CHD patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) who undergo PCI.

 A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted using medical records of CHD patients who underwent coronary angiography evaluation between January 2018 and March 2020 at Catheterization Laboratory, Regional General Hospital of West Nusa Tenggara. Significant ISR was defined as diameter of stenosis ≥50% at coronary angiography evaluation. Total subjects were 66 subjects, with 33 DM subjects and 33 non-DM subjects, and ISR was found in 12 and 10 subjects respectively. There was no significant difference on the incidence of ISR between the DM and non-DM groups.

 There was no correlation between DM and ISR, and there was no significant difference in the incidence of ISR between the DM and non-DM group in CHD subjects underwent coronary angiography evaluation.


Photoreflectance (PR) measurement was carried out for ordered/disordered GaAs0.5Sb0.5 layers grown on (001) InP and (111)B InP substrates by molecular beam epitaxy. A marked band-gap reduction and valence-band splitting due to point-group symmetry breaking was observed for the ordered GaAs0.5Sb0.5 layer grown on (001) InP, but not for the disordered GaAs0.5Sb0.5 layer grown on (111)B InP. The result of the PR measurement is in agreement with that of the optical absorption measurement.


We introduce a multivariate statistical approach for pattern recognition in spatial transcriptomics data. Our algorithm (SPACO) constructs a low-dimensional projection of the data maximising Moran's I, which mitigates non-spatial variation and outperforms PCA for pre-processing. Our method also provides a calibrated, powerful test of spatial gene expression that excels in robustness and specificity.


In order to solve the imprecise problem of radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) to the sample output for the sensitive system, a self-augmented RBFNN (SA-RBFNN) is designed to improve the accuracy of the model. Firstly, the network structure is constructed by using the correlation between input, output and hidden layer neurons to increase the sensitivity of the network. Secondly, an accelerated gradient algorithm is used to train SA-RBFNN, which improves the speed and the precision of neural network training. Finally, the proposed SA-RBFNN is evaluated through a benchmark experiment and a practical problem in wastewater treatment process. The results indicate that the proposed SA-RBFNN can quickly converge to the optimal solution and has a good effect on more sensitive systems.


A collection of objects with images of characters, whose arms are folded crosswise
 on their chest, has been collected over many years of research into the medieval urban
 culture of Semirechye and South Kazakhstan. These objects are made of terracotta, clay,
 bronze. Considering the total number of finds dated to the 6th—10th centuries, the
 popularity of these images can be noted. Their appearance is associated with the
 influence exerted by the Sogdians. The images correlate with the cult of ancestors,
 ideas about the afterlife, the posthumous existence and the subsequent resurrection of
 the dead. An early find is a fragment of a terracotta Christian icon of the 5th—6th
 centuries with a Syrian inscription, which probably got to the city of Taraz along the
 Great Silk Road. The article presents the version that the scene "Resurrection" is
 reproduced on the icon. The ossuaries, decorative clay columns, bronze amulets
 supposedly depict Avestan fravashi. The origins of the gesture can be traced in the art
 of Ancient Egypt, Etruscans, Iran, Byzantium, Sogd. The prayer gesture with folded hands
 has been preserved in ritual practice and religious art to this day.


Core and peripheral temperatures have been studied in 88 dogs of mixed breeds anaesthetized with pentobarbitone. Hyperventilation with cold, dry oxygen was associated with a decrease in peripheral temperature, whilst normoventilation was without effect.


The purpose of this project was to add hands-on equipment to the experiments of the Physics 115 lab and create a new delivery of instruction in the form of tutorial screencasts. This was accomplished through meetings with the project advisor, Dr. Chronis, discussing new content and new procedures for three particular experiment topics given priority. The topics of Ohm's Law, a resistor and capacitor (RC) circuit, and an inductor and resistor (LR) circuit, were deemed to be the priority experiments. New procedures covering the concepts behind these topics had to be created that adequately utilized the hands-on equipment. Tutorial videos demonstrating these new procedures with the equipment were then created as an addition to the lab manual. The addition of these tutorials allows the students to come into the lab more prepared and releases the individual running the lab of tedious procedural questions. The combination of these two things creates a lab environment conducive to the exploration of deeper conceptual relationships and ideas.


Summary This paper discusses the emergence of the concepts of fusion as an energy source and of the controlled fusion reactor. These concepts are shown to have arisen from the bringing together of several different branches of physics, notably nuclear physics, astrophysics, and gas discharge physics, in the period between the two world wars. By the late 1930s, enough information had become available for the possibility of a controlled fusion device to be explored, and a number of physicists seem to have recognized this independently. Such a possibility was the subject of discussion at Los Alamos during and immediately after the war, but the first detailed proposals to be recorded seem to be those of G. P. Thomson and P. C. Thonemann, both working in Britain in the middle to late 1940s. These proposals, which led to the setting up in Britain of the first coherent programme of controlled fusion research, are outlined and discussed.


TCP was designed with fixed, wired networks in mind. As a result TCP performs suboptimal in networks where changes to path characteristics are frequent, e.g., in wireless mesh networks. One reason for the performance degradation is TCP's over-conservative behavior in face of long connectivity disruptions. In this paper we introduce a novel methodology how connectivity disruption indications provided by standard ICMP messages may be exploited to improve TCP's performance. We implement an RTO revert strategy that enables earlier detection of whether connectivity to a previously disconnected peer node has been restored or not. Thereby, connections relish more throughput and less delay. Our scheme is a sender only modification which fully respects the TCP congestion control principles.


Worker and patient education has been shown to be of importance in the management of established cases of occupational dermatitis as well as a tool for primary prevention of diseases. In the framework of primary prevention, an interventional study concentrated on hairdressers' apprentices. At the end of the training program, 80% of the panelists of the interventional group and 66% of the control group had no skin changes (p < 0.05). A project of secondary individual prevention comprising dermatological and educational intervention has shown that 79.5% (n = 117) ofthe project participants could remain in work, opposed to 60% (n = 80) in a control group. To evaluate a program on tertiary prevention, patients with occupational skin diseases resistant to standardized outpatient care, that had been admitted to hospital, were questioned about the status of skin and profession condition 1 year after hospital release. The majority (65.9%, n = 232) of the participants had remained in their profession and practised the advised skin care strategies (81%). Establishing a formal consensus on what works in workers and patient education in occupational skin diseases and encouraging research about what is unknown, should be a priority. The description of variations in clinical practice has provided a useful impetus for fostering consensus and eliminating care of uncertain effectiveness. The concept of self-efficacy beliefs is of great importance and will be discussed. In teaching methods, equal emphasis is placed on the transmission of information as on the development of practical know-how.


The purpose of this paper is to define crowd logistics, a relatively recent phenomenon in the sharing economy. Despite their increasing popularity, such projects have not been the topic of much research, with only a few pieces addressing the problems. The mission of crowd logistics is to connect market participants who have unique logistical capabilities with those who report logistical needs. This is done to prevent unproductive resource usage and to activate underutilized capabilities. An experimental strategy was used to study solutions used in practice, which was based on a survey of 77 active crowd logistics efforts. These projects are categorized into groups in this article, and the key differences between crowd logistics and regular business logistics are highlighted. Furthermore, efforts are made to ascertain future development directions, as well as the potential influence of crowd logistics on traditional firms. This research is based on an examination of secondary sources, including articles, consulting firm reports, and case studies published in branch publications, company websites, and provided by the firms themselves as part of webinars.


Knowing the properties of ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) is extremely important to solving the puzzle of their origin. Determination of the mass composition and reconstruction of the energy of UHECRs, based on the interpretation of large scale ground-based experimental data depends strongly on the Monte Carlo (MC) simulation of air showers. Limitations in the modelling of hadronic interactions, which are widely used in the MC simulations, and the unknown model uncertainties lead to large uncertainties when interpreting the measurement data. So an adequate understanding of hadronic interactions occurring between cosmic-ray and the atmosphere is the key to solving the puzzling origin of UHECRs. The Large Hadron Collider forward (LHCf) experiment is a unique experiment dedicated to measuring the neutral particle production in the very forward region of the LHC to understand the hadronic interactions. According to the published LHCf results, no hadronic interaction model can predict the various data perfectly. Corresponding forward neutral particle production is able to provide the unique constraint to the parameters in the models, improving the accuracy of determination of properties of UHECRs. To explore the potential of the LHCf data for improving the hadronic interactions, in this work we studied the different contributions of diffractive processes to the inclusive forward neutral particle production in the p-p collisions at √ s = 13 TeV by using MC simulations. It is able to specify the poor constraint on the aspect of diffractive interactions (especially the low-mass diffraction) in the models. We first evaluated the methodology for classifying the LHCf observables into specific interaction types of single, double diffraction or non-diffraction by using the ATLAS-LHCf apparatus. It was confirmed that the ATLAS-LHCf common experiment has a unique sensitivity to the low-mass diffraction, which has never been measured directly at high energies. Low-mass diffraction is still not well implemented in the model, and it is sensitive to inelasticity which is a key parameter controlling the global characteristics of air-shower developments. The identification of diffraction based on the rapidity gap technique has been investigated. The low-mass diffractive events at log10(ξx) < −5.5 can survive from the central-veto selection, which requires no charged particles in the kinematic range of pT > 100 MeV and |η| < 2.5. Among the event samples observed by LHCf, the corresponding central-veto selection has approximately 100% purity and 100% efficiency for the identification of low-mass diffraction. The first ATLAS-LHCf joint analyses have been accomplished based on 0.191 nb−1 of p-p collision data recorded at √ s = 13 TeV. The photon energy spectra were measured in two pseudorapidity ranges, η > 10.94 or 8.81 < η < 8.99, for the events with no ii extra charged particles having pT > 100 MeV and |η| < 2.5. Both LHCf and ATLAS data were unfolded for the detector effects. By applying the event selection and the necessary corrections, as well as estimating the systematic uncertainties, the photon production cross-section of low-mass diffraction were shown and compared with four post-LHC models. Furthermore, the ratio of photon spectra derived from the low-mass diffraction to the inclusive photon spectra was calculated and also compared with the predictions of models. It was confirmed the pomeron flux is a dominant parameter for the implementation of diffractive dissociation in the SIBYLL2.3c-Diff model, which improves the production of low-mass forward photons by using joint analyses results to tune the pomeron flux of the SIBYLL2.3 model. The corresponding tuning of low-mass diffraction has strong correlation with inelasticity, resulting in shifting the determination of Xmax.


We associate to any dynamical system with finitely many periodic orbits of each length a collection of possible time-changes of the sequence of periodic point counts that preserve the property of counting periodic points. Intersecting over all dynamical systems gives a monoid of time-changes that have this property for all such systems. We show that the only polynomials lying in this `universally good' monoid are the monomials, and that this monoid is uncountable. Examples give some insight into how the structure of the collection of maps varies for different dynamical systems.


The three-dimensional wind environment in Lanqiying community of Beijing city, which is complicated due to the dense distribution of the highrise buildings, is investigated by computational fluid dynamics method. The turbulent flow past the buildings is simulated by solving the incompressible Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations. Both the reverse flow between the buildings and the recirculation of the wake can be observed. The spectrum analysis of aerodynamics coefficient are successfully obtained and compared with the twodimensional results. The vortex interactions with each other result in different characteristic frequencies and power values, corresponding to various-scale vortex shedding behind the buildings.


Here are relevant excerpts from the American Physical Society's (APS) comments on the NAS report, as reported in FYI, the AIP bulletin of science policy news.

"Dr. Press and his panel members organized their collected wisdom into 13 recommendations. We concur with most of them, but find substantial difficulty with several."


Are you irresistibly drawn to the podium every time you enter a classroom? Do you become irritable when a student's raised hand interrupts your monologue? Are members of the class still nameless and faceless to you by midterm? Are you the only person in the classroom who loves the sound of your voice and believes that students eagerly await the pearls of wisdom that drop from your lips? If you answer "yes" to any of these questions, you could be suffering from an addiction common to college professors: excessive, out-of-control lecturing. But don't despair! We were once lecture addicts ourselves, and know that full recovery is possible. There is a 12 Step recovery program designed especially for lectureholics and adapted with slight liberties from the 12 Steps of Alcoholics Anonymous. The first step to recovery is admitting that you have a problem. The very fact that you are still reading this article suggests hope, because those deeply addicted will deny they have a problem. You must admit that you alone are powerless when faced with the opportunity to lecture. There is no place you'd rather be than up front in a classroom of neat, straight rows of chairs all facing your podium. You love being the almighty supreme being in that classroom. The second and third step to recovery is admitting that there is a power greater than yourself and turning yourself over to that greater power. You must be brave enough to risk losing control but you can do so gradually. In the classroom, you can begin by posing a question, giving students time to think about it, and talking with a partner before responding in a whole class discussion. Next, you could try rearranging the chairs into groups of three or four, and pushing the podium into a corner. Be brave enough to move around the room and join the small discussion groups. Part of losing control is understanding that students can learn in many different ways, in fact, they can even learn from each other! After all, three or four minds together are more powerful than one! You have now turned your teaching over a greater power that goes beyond the bounds of any single individual:


Abstract The complex structure of the crown of Cornus kousa, generally five-forked in vegetative branching and two-forked in reproductive branching, is analysed quantitatively and described by two basic branching principles: decussate phyllotaxy and the resetting rule for planes of branching. Most Cornus species have opposite, decussate phyllotaxis. The leaf pair (with axillary buds) defines the branching plane of a node. Because of regular phyllotaxis, the fundamental branching pattern is that every branching plane along an axis is perpendicular to the preceding one. However, the first node of a lateral horizontal shoot always has a horizontal branching plane; we term this the resetting rule. We observed that resetting occurs when the first nodes initiated in the vertical plane are repositioned by a twisting of their first internodes. All later nodes alternate directions, i.e. show usual decussate alternation. Foliage leaf nodes usually produce three-forked branchings. When vegetative winter buds are formed, a foliar node and adjacent scale leaf node produce a five-forked branching. When reproductive winter buds with a terminal inflorescence are formed, the last foliar node and two adjacent scale leaf nodes can produce a variety of branchings but usually produce an equal two-forked branching. To understand better the architecture in C. kousa, we contrast it with C. capitata which does not produce buds with scale leaves and whose vegetative nodes are clearly separated.


taken from the introduction The purpose of this book is to give you and your family information, which will hopefully help you during this difficult time of palliative care. It is hoped that the book will reduce some of the desperation that you might now be feeling on hearing that there is no further active medical treatment for your child's disease. It is a book for parents written with the help of families who have experienced some of what you may now be going through. These parents suggested the title "Precious Times". The term Palliative Care is used to describe supportive care and treatment that is given to alleviate symptoms, but with the knowledge that it will not lead to a cure. Palliative care means that your child's comfort and dignity become the priority. Most of this care is given at home. The progression of your child's disease to this end stage may have come as a total shock to you, or you may have been the one to identify it. Either way, the past few days have probably been the worst ever. At this moment you are most likely feeling shocked and devastated. Your abilities and strengths as a parent will hopefully be supported by us and by this book. Questions may arise in your mind, seeming almost too terrible to ask, therefore some of these will be addressed gently in this text. It can be difficult to put some issues that are sensitive on paper. So the book is divided clearly into different sections, for your convenience. It may be that you will only be able to read some sections of this book at present. You may not be quite ready for it all yet, thus your Clinical Nurse Specialist and Social Worker are available to discuss any of the issues with you when you feel the time is right. Your child is very important to us. We hope this book and our service will be of some help. Precious Times is the winner of the European Oncology Nursing Society's Excellence in Patient Education Materials Award 2005 The Precious Times booklet can be obtained from the Irish Cancer Society's Cancer Information Service on 1800 200 700 or by email: email@example.com


One of the reasons for the unsatisfactory results of college English teaching is the teacher's inadequate devotion to academic research as well as the less amount of it in classroom teaching.It is necessary to change the college English teacher's ideology and establish new policy by providing the teachers with earnest support,so that the amount of academic research can be increased in classroom teaching,and the improvement of the college English teaching quality can be finally achieved.


There is a wide body of research that shows how vitally important teachers are to successful learning processes. What they do, think, feel and believe are central to what happens in their classrooms, and, essentially, what happens to their learners. It is perhaps, therefore, surprising that the field of language learning psychology has focused so predominantly on the psychology of learners with so little attention devoted to teachers in comparison. In this talk, I argue it is time that we take a much closer look at language teachers' psychology to the same degree of complexity and diversity as learner psychology has been examined. I begin by outlining the importance of teacher psychology, the links between teacher and learner psychology as well as the particular challenges facing language teachers. In the second part of the talk, I reflect on how a relational perspective can help us to appreciate the centrality of teacher psychology as well as how teacher psychology can be conceptualised through such a theoretical lens.


The spiritual journeys that Israeli-Jews make to the Far East do not merely provide them with experiences and revelations, but also help them reclaim meaning, answer life's questions, and shape their identity and lifestyle. Surprisingly, some journeys end in embracing Jewish tradition. Why—and how—do secular Israelis, who have never shown any interest in the spiritual matters and aspects of their native tradition, find, following their journey, that Jewish spirituality is relevant to their quest for meaning? This chapter conducts a critical discussion on the Easternization thesis (which claims the West is undergoing a profound paradigmatic transformation), culminating in the conclusion that the East is not Westerners' and Israelis' true object of desire, but rather an object on which they project their Western/Israeli discomfort, passions, and images. Judaism, which has been going through an exoticization process within the framework of local New Age ideas—much like the Far East in global spirituality—has been adapting itself to this coveted imagined model.


Lightening poses great threats to the production in enterprises with flammable,explosive and hazardous chemicals.In recent years,the enterprises with flammable,explosive and hazardous chemicals are increasingly damaged by lightening,which causes a great of losses directly or indirectly.Therefore,it is very important to improve the protection against lightening in those enterprises.


Based on the neo-classical production function,this paper analyzes the relationship between the economic growth and the concentration degree of the coal industry by using the co-integration relationship test, Granger causality and variance decomposition method. The conclusion of the study shows that there is a positive correlation and the long-term equilibrium relationship between the economic growth and the concentration of the coal industry. During the short period,there is a one-way Granger causality between the coal market concentration and economic growth. During the long term,there is the one-way Granger causality from economic growth to the coal concentration,from the capital stock to the coal concentration,from the human capital to the coal concentration, from the human capital to economic growth and from the economic growth to the capital stock. The impact of the coal market concentration,human capital as well as capital stock on the economic growth is not only fast and relatively strong. The coal concentration and human capital has a persistent impact on the economic growth,but the capital stock has not persistent impact on economic growth. This paper provides empirical evidence for increasing the concentration of the coal industry.


The transient and steady-state power dynamics in optically transparent wavelength division multiplexed mesh networks are studied for different amplifier types using both experiment and simulation.


The Cultivating techniques of Paris polyphylla var.yunnanensis(Fr.) Hand have been summarized in this paper based on which we have studied for many years.It includes propagating techniques,planting and field management measures.The achievements techniques could be used in the cultivation of Paris polyphylla var.yunnanensis(Fr.) Hand,and would be helpful to promote commercial cultivation and development of Paris.


The synthesis of type-enriched semiconducting or metallic single-walled carbon nanotubes (sc/m-SWCNTs) with high quality by means of catalytic chemical vapor deposition (CCVD) are essential prerequ ...


The aim of this research is to analyze politico-economic consequences of one of the main features of the Fourth Industrial revolution – the big data. For this purpose, several tasks are accomplished: the characteristics and trends of the change and use of big data are revealed; the consequences they have for economy, politics and entire public system are analyzed; social inequalities and contradictions from the introduction of big data and the need for regulation are considered; the changes in traditional statistics as a result of the big data use are also part of the analysis. Politico-economic approach is applied with the precondition that politics and economy are sub-systems of the rapidly changing as a result of the big data politico-economic system. This is a brand new and unusually fast-growing field, not studied in our literature. It has a significant practical implication in the context of the problematic situations various institutions face in the conditions of huge and rapidly changing flows of information that demand rapid and rational decisions of political and economic actors.


Purpose of research: he will study morphological changes in the facet joints at various degrees of degeneration of the intervertebral disc (Pfirrmann). To study the facet joints of the lumbar spine in 145 patients with various stages of degeneration according to Pfirrmann, operated using rigid fixation and TLIF technology, morphological study of the operating material was performed. The morphological study revealed that as the degree of disc degeneration increased, the volume content of chondrocytes decreased significantly, and microarchitectonics was reconstructed, including due to the sprouting of bone trabeculae and connective tissue into the structural elements of the facet joints. This led to a change in the thickness of the articular cartilage, sclerosis, and disruption of the relationship between the cartilage and bone structures of the facet joint, directed towards ankylosing and, accordingly, to a violation of the function of the joint. Based on the morphological study, it was found that an increase in the volume content of chondrocytes was visualized in Pfirrmann II, which indicates that the joint remains functional and allows using dynamic fixation as a surgical aid. In severe disc degeneration in Pfirrmann V, deep pathological changes occurred in the facet joints with a violation of the architectonics of all elements of the joint: the formation of defective cartilage zones, the formation of bone elements and connective tissue sprouts in the cartilage and bone structures of the joint.in these cases, the method of choice is rigid fixation of the affected vertebral-motor segment.


The ideological and political work serves economic construction and then realizes its economic value through the intermediary function of the "human" factor of productivity,combining with some material production process.The main approaches are: to advance ideological emancipation,to cultivate learning-oriented labor force,to build a learning-oriented society;to eliminate spiritual obstacle;to bring working enthusiasm in play;to tap human existing potential;to motivate human creativity;to strengthen moral restraint;to maintain economic relationship.


The concept of "The Late-Mao Zedong's Thought" put forward by the Chinese academics on the mainland as an approach of pure phase of ideological history has incurred so many opponent views,and it has also influenced on the definition of Maoism.This paper comments the two contentions with "The Late-MaoZedong's Thought" by the mainland academics.The first contention is starting time for "The Late-Mao Zedong's Thought" from the perspective of ideological history? The second one is the applicability of the concept "The Late-Mao Zedong's Thought".As for the latter contention,this paper favors to apply the concept "The Late-Mao Zedong's Thought" into the research of Mao's Thought by stages.To put forward such a concept is beneficial to explore the related problems of conversion of Mao's thought after the CPC came to power.


Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is one of the most important vegetable crops grown under the protected environment in India. Area of this crop under the protected environment is increasing day by day due to higher as well as quality returns from inside environment as compared to the open field conditions. Tomato belongs to family Solanaceae with diploid chromosome number (2n=24) and is a typical self-pollinated day neutral plant (Yadav et al., 2017). Vegetable production, profits are greatly dependent on the quantity and quality of the yield of the crop. Under the polyhouse conditions plant geometry is an important factor for optimum crop stand and to get maximum return per unit area and time. Pruning of leaves and side shoots also reported to enhance the ultimate yield in various ways. Training maximizes the plant's ability to obtain the sunlight needed for growth and development (Gou et al., 1991). It is also important to maintain adequate air movement around the plant to reduce risk of fungus and insect problems. A dense canopy of leaves shades the fruits, causing them to be pale (Herbert, 1998). Relatively high perishability has made tomato plants to be more vulnerable to intensive crop International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 6 Number 9 (2017) pp. 1833-1838 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com


This thesis discusses the meaning transformation of the word 'gold' from ''Nothing Gold Can Stay'' by Robert Frost to the phrase 'stay gold' in The Outsiders which give the big impact to the characters' life in the novel. This research was conducted by explaining the theme of the poem and the novel referring to New Criticism theory to uncover the meaning transformation of the word 'gold' in each work. From the result of this analysis, the author finds that the meaning of ''Nothing Gold Can Stay'' is pessimistic and materialistic notions while the phrase 'stay gold' in The Outsiders which is taken from that poem shows opposite message. This phrase has spiritualistic and optimistic spirits. Then, the changing meaning of this phrase successfully drive the main character, Ponyboy Curtis, becomes better person.


Bi5FeTi3O15 (BFTO) and BFTO/CuO films were deposited by a sol-gel technique, which exhibited macroscopic ferroelectric properties. It was found that the BFTO/CuO films showed a short circuit photocurrent density (Jsc) enhanced by nearly 10 times and power conversion efficiency increased by 13-fold compared to those of the BFTO film. The significant increase in the photovoltaic (PV) response may be attributed to the p-n junction internal electric field acting as the driving force of photogenerated carriers. Furthermore, both BFTO and BFTO/CuO films indicated a switchable PV response in both polarities. The open circuit voltage (Voc) and Jsc for BFTO and BFTO/CuO were observed to be −0.59 V and +43.88 μA/cm2 and −0.23 V and +123.16 μA/cm2, respectively, after upward poling, whereas after downward poling, +0.11 V and −6.26 μA/cm2 and +0.17 V and −83.21 μA/cm2 for BFTO and BFTO/CuO were observed, respectively. The switchable PV responses were explained by the ferroelectric depolarization field, whose directio...


AbstractThe current AASHTO specification requirements for the web bend-buckling strength-reduction factor (Rb) do not consider the influence of longitudinal stiffeners on the flexural resistance of steel I-girders subsequent to the theoretical bend-buckling of a slender web. This is a deficiency that can have significant impact, especially in regions of continuous-span girders subjected to negative moment. This paper evaluates the contribution of single-web longitudinal stiffeners to the yield limit state flexural resistance of slender-web steel I-girders, often referred to as the plateau resistance for the lateral torsional and flange local buckling limit states. Based on test simulation studies, the authors recommend a cross-section model that captures the response of the postbuckled web for both homogeneous and hybrid girders subjected to uniform moment. The proposed model offers up to 60% improvement relative to the current AASHTO specifications.


Paul Fitts conducted landmark studies involving upper-limb movements to show how the amplitude of the reaching movement and the width of the target influence the time taken to complete the movements (Fitts 1954: J Exp Psychol; Fitts and Peterson 1964: J Exp Psychol). The formula developed in these studies has been shown to account for relationships between the speed of upper-limb movements and its accuracy. However, one notable problem with the proposed formula is the presumed unitary relationship between amplitude and width manipulations. On one hand, Heath et al. (2011: C J Exp Psychol) reported stronger than expected influences on movement time with amplitude compared to width manipulations. On the other hand, a close re-analysis of Fitts and Peterson indicates stronger than expected influences of width compared to amplitude manipulations. In this presentation, three possible explanations of the discordance between actual and expected influences of amplitude vs. width manipulations on movement time will be discussed. The first explanation is associated with the use of actual vs. effective target width. The second explanation concerns the availability of terminal feedback. The third explanation is related to the actual target sizes employed and their relevance in the real world.


OBJECTIVE To establish the real-time monitoring system of nosocomial infections in order to predict the outbreak of nosocomial infections in the early stage.METHODS The outbreak threshold was formulated according to diagnostic criteria of outbreaks and daily monitoring data,then the screening strategy and prewarning condition of outbreak were instituted by referring to the daily monitoring and the threshold.RESULTS The system could monitor the high risk factors for the nosocomial infections as well as the risk of prevalence,meeting the need of outbreak predication.The outbreak surveillance not only included the definite infectious cases but the suspected clinical infectious symptoms;these made the surveillance more sensitive,which could be called 'check-point ante displacement';after nearly 2 years of applying the outbreak surveillance system,more than 10 pieces of suspected outbreaks were predicted,the clinical investigation was performed and the corresponding measures were adopted,many cases of nosocomial infections being successfully avoided.CONCLUSION The real-time monitoring system of nosocomial infections,which is real-time,highly effective and sensitive,achieves the effective early warning of nosocomial infections.


We present a detailed study of the stability conditions of hydrogen-antihydrogen--like quasimolecules using both variational and finite-size scaling calculations. The stability diagram of the nuclear charge $Z$ as a function of the internuclear distance $R$ shows bound and unbound regions separated by a first-order critical line. Calculations of the leptonic annihilation rate show a peculiar behavior for nuclear charges $Z\ensuremath{\ge}2$, which was not observed for the hydrogen-antihydrogen quasimolecule; it goes through a maximum before it decays exponentially for large interhadronic distances. This might have a practical impact on the study of stability of matter-antimatter systems.


The Headaches Jes Olesen, Peer Tfelt-Hansen, and K. M. A. Welch; eds. 922 pages. New York: Raven Press; 1993. $165.00. Headache is the bane of many patients' lives, yet the number of physicians competent in the diagnosis and management of headache is disappointingly small. This is not due to an absence of available knowledge or scientific inquiry; the old aphorism, Choose a common problem in medicine and you'll find that little is known about it, no longer applies to the field of headache. The ability to diagnose headaches improved greatly in 1988 with the International Headache Society's publication of headache classification and operational diagnostic criteria. In the past decade, important new observations on the pathophysiology and treatment of headache have been reported from centers around the world. The Headaches provides a timely encyclopedic review of the epidemiology, applied anatomy, pathophysiology, psychology, and pharmacology of headache, based on the International Headache Society's classifications. More than 100 headache experts from Europe, Australia, and North America have contributed chapters and extensive bibliographies. In this book, the reader will find nearly everything known and substantiated about headache. Migraine, the most prevalent form of recurrent incapacitating headache, is discussed in great detail; this discussion composes nearly one third of the text. The vascular and neurogenic theories of migraine pathogenesis are thoroughly reviewed, and an excellent chapter by Professor Olesen provides a synthesis of migraine mechanisms. The 15 chapters devoted to the acute management and prophylaxis of migraine are enhanced by summaries that prioritize pharmacotherapy. Excellent reviews of other primary headache disorders (tension-type headache and cluster headache, for example) as well as discussions of headaches associated with medical conditions, such as post-traumatic headaches, headaches in the elderly, and the cranial neuralgias, are included. The psychological aspects of headache and bio-behavioral approaches to headache management, important topics often neglected by physicians, are authoritatively discussed in several chapters. The editors have successfully reached their goal: They have provided in one book information on the scientific foundations, clinical aspects, and management of almost every type of headache. The Headaches will be valuable to experts and specialists, serving as both a standard reference and a springboard for the expansion of our current knowledge. General physicians will probably find the book extraordinarily informative but overwhelming and would be better served by reading a standard, single-author text on headache as an introduction to this field.


A Favourable Horoscope: 'If a son is born when the Sun is in the terms of Mercury, he will be successful and have great power … He will be brave and tall and will acquire property and moreover will be married to his own sister and will have children by her.'


In a crossed molecular beam arrangement helium atoms are scattered from argon clusters which are produced in an averaged size range of n=6 to n=90 by adiabatic expansion through sonic and conical nozzles. The diffraction oscillations in the total differential cross section are used to derive information on the size distribution of the clusters by comparison with quantum mechanical calculations based on a model potential. In the size range covered by the measurements, the average cluster size is given by n=38.4(Γ*/1000)1.64, where Γ* is the scaling parameter of the source conditions introduced by Hagena [Z. Phys. D 4, 291 (1987)]. The results are in agreement with recent measurements of corrected mass spectra but disagree with the results obtained from electron diffraction. General relations are recommended which connect the scaling parameter with the averaged size.


Relay-assisted wireless communication systems have been studied widely to cope with shadow areas and extend the cell coverage. This paper proposes a space-frequency (SF) block coded single carrier-frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) transmission system in a relaying multi-path shadow area and present the performance comparison of SC-FDMA systems based on the signal-to-noise power ratio (SNR) between a relay and a destination station. The performance of relaying SC-FDMA systems can be improved by applying SF block code to the recovered signals of relays before re-transmitting them. The simulation result showed that the SNR performance of the proposed SF block coded relaying SC-FDMA system was approximately 5 dB better than the SNR performance of the single-path relaying SC-FDMA system at a symbol error rate (SER) of    .


Introduction: Hemiplegia is a disease characterised by affected movements to varying extent on one side of the body. In India 1.2 % of total deaths is due to stroke. The description of features of Pakshaghata or Pa mentioned in the chapter of Vatavyadhi is exactly similar to Hemiplegia or stroke. The recovery with conve tional therapy is slow and rehabilitation is needed. Yogic practices help to control the vayu through gaining co trol over body through Asanas and control over the breath through Pranayama and entire nervous system through meditative practices like Dhyana. Aims and stroke Hemiplegia) patients. Methodology: were registered and randomly allocated into Control (With conventional therapy), and study Group intervention with selected Yogic practices for a duration of 4 months. Assessment was done at initial level after at the end of trial i.e. 4 months. Various subjective and objective parameters showed significant effect on the Pa shaghata in intervention Group after 4 months study period. The observations were systematically recorded and analysed statistically by SPSS version 20.0. ting from lying down, Standing from sitting, Walking down stair, Increase in walking capacity and Hand grip power in Pakshaghata patients. Conclusion: ment of Hemiplegia.


The article examines the peculiarities of sea-buckthorn plant populating with sea-buckthorn fly, variety specification of damage degrees and the spreading features of this pest.


The present study clarifies the mechanism of texture formation during strain induced boundary migration in electrical steels. After 5% reduction of temper rolling and annealing, texture changes from -fibre to near-Goss through SIBM. TEM analyses after rolling reveal that Goss has the smallest stored energy, {111} the largest and D-Cube ({100} ) is in between. After 9% strain, substructures are heterogeneous in Goss and homogeneous in D-Cube. The specific features of Goss could be explained by the arrangements of slip systems; two systems are simultaneously active in D-Cube but only one in Goss. Therefore, Goss grains are easy to recover and are preferable nuclei in SIBM. In order to transpose this SIBM mechanism to fcc materials, extruded Al blocks are analyzed. During SIBM, grains with {110} and {110} orientations – associated with small numbers of activated systems – grow large. Capacity of SIBM is thus assumed to be linked to smaller number of active systems.


New crosslinkable aromatic polyimides were synthesized from 2,3-dicyano-5,6-di(aminophenyl)pyrazine (1b) and 2,3-dicyanopyrazino [5,6–9,10] diaminophenanthrene (2b). They were characterized by viscosimetry, IR, NMR, x-ray, DTA, TMA, TGA, and isothermal gravimetric analysis. The polyimides derived from 1b were amorphous whereas those prepared from 2b showed microcrystalline or crystalline character. The polymers were soluble in polar aprotic solvents (DMF, NMP, DMSO) at ambient temperature or upon heating. They dissolved also completely or partially in certain hot inorganic and organic acids (H2SO4, CCl3COOH). Their glass transition temperatures were in the range of 257–370°C. The crosslinked polymers obtained after an appropriate thermal treatment, were stable up to 397–426°C in N2 or air and afforded anaerobic char yields of 62–75% at 800°C. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 35: 1303–1311, 1997


The invention relates to a motor vehicle, in particular to an electric motor vehicle. The electric motor vehicle provided with a hybrid driving system comprises an engine connected on an electric motor which is connected on a drive line in the vehicle; and the hybrid driving system comprises an internal-combustion engine and the electric motor.


Geofence Alerts Application with GPS Tracking for Children Monitoring (CTS) is a mobile application that helps parents to track the location of their child. It provides the parents with the route and real-time location of the children. Parents often face difficulties in getting hold of the whereabouts of their children when they are not in sight. This situation increases the insecurity of parents toward the safety of their children. The first objective of this paper is to obtain a latitude, longitude, and time information of a child's location in real-time using GPS tracker. The second objective is to develop a smartphone application that capable to track the location of children in real-time. The third objective is to evaluate the functionality of the developed smartphone application in tracking children's location. Features, advantages, and disadvantages of three commercialized application are compared to collect requirements for the CTS application. The requirements are then used to design and develop the interface of CTS application using Rapid Application Design (RAD) framework. Three main modules, which are the View Current Location module, View History Route module and Setup Geofence module are proposed for the application. Additionally, a GPS tracker based on Arduino Uno board is developed to provide the longitude and latitude of children's current location. The functionality of the CTS application and the GPS tracker is then evaluated to determined bugs and its usability. It was discovered that CTS is in helping parents to track the location of their child in real-time, view the past route taken by the child, set up geofence area, and receive notification when their child enters or leave the geofence area within the scheduled time.


Background: Vitamin B 12 is a water-soluble essential vitamin. It is essential for the rapid synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) during cell division and thus formation of red blood cells and maintenance of a healthy nervous system as well as the skin. It is found mainly in food of animal origin (e.g. meat, eggs, and dairy products and lacks a reliable plant source. Deficiency occurs due to either poor intake or decreased absorption. Among the most common causes are: pernicious anemia, atrophic gastritis, celiac disease or following gastric surgery. Deficiency of this essential vitamin can lead to potentially irreversible neurological, psychiatric, hematological and/or dermatological symptoms. Case Summary: We report a case of a 46-year-old omnivorous male patient who presented with gradual onset of weakness and spasticity of both lower limbs and upper limbs, parasthesia of all limbs with loss of joint position and vibration sensation. These symptoms were associated with memory changes, weight loss and hyperpigmentation of the skin. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a long demyelinating lesion in the cervical spinal cord. Extensive laboratory investigations were performed that confirmed vitamin B 12 deficiency and ruled out other common mimics associated with that condition. He had marked improvement of all his neurological and non-neurological symptoms following vitamin B 12 supplementation with complete resolution of the cervical demyelinating lesion within 3 months. Conclusion: Vitamin B 12 deficiency is a common but under-diagnosed clinical condition that needs to be highlighted. It can present with neurological, psychiatric, hematological and/or dermatological manifestations. It is uncommon to see the whole systems affected together early in the course of the disease. Early diagnosis and treatment may reverse potentially permanent symptoms and signs and can prevent the disability that would otherwise ensue if left untreated. Pernicious anemia is one of the most common causes of vitamin B 12 deficiency and should be ruled out in all cases even if autoantibodies against intrinsic factor and parietal cells are negative.


In1 the process of restoration of ceramic artifacts, due to its own character, environment and man-made factors, the fractured site is vulnerable to be damaged. Therefore, the traditional use of fracture site information has limitation. In this paper, a method of splicing fractured sites based on constructing surface texture and boundary contour tuples is proposed for the fragments of pottery cultural relics. Firstly, the potential ridge points are determined by the curvature and the least squares method is used to extract the texture features of the debris surface. Then, the texture elements are combined with the edge length and the vertex angle information to construct texture constraint tuples and realize preliminary matching. For the discrete point sets on the fracture boundary contour, use the genetic algorithm to calculate matching point pairs to obtain the final result. Experiments show that the proposed algorithm can achieve the splicing of broken artifact fragments, and it has certain superiority for the debris with obvious texture features.


AbstractIn the course of the nineteenth century, the British Museum's method of acquiring German books developed from the haphazard and sporadic to the systematic and selective, based on an ideal of users' present and future needs. From the 1840s to the 1880s, a Golden Age of generous public funding placed few obstacles to the realization of this ideal, and consolidated holdings of remarkable range and depth. These and other holdings remain selective: universality does not exist.


The 24 Mg( p , α ) 21 Na reaction was measured at the Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam Facility of the Oak Ridge National Laboratory to study the spectroscopy of the radionuclide 21 Na. A 31-MeV proton beam from the 25 MV tandem accelerator bombarded isotopically-enriched 24 Mg targets. Recoiling 4 He particles were identified by an annular silicon strip detector array. Two energy levels at E x = 6.594- and 7.132-MeV were observed for the first time. By comparing the experimentally-obtained angular distributions and distorted wave Born approximation (DWBA) calculations, the spins and parities of 21 Na energy levels were constrained. The astrophysically-important 17 F( α, p ) 20 Ne reaction rate was also calculated for the first time using resonance parameters for 12 energy levels.


In a laboratory assay larvae of Pieris brassicae, P. rapae and Plutella xylostella showed significant mortality, fed less and grew more slowly than caterpillars of an untreated control group, if their foodplants were contaminated with pollen of a cultivar of the Bt-176 maize line. Those larvae which survived ingestion of Bt-pollen also reacted lethargically and showed some changes in behavioral patterns. LD 50 -values were calculated for Plutella xylostella (L 4 ) with 19.2, for Pieris rapae (L 2 ) with 39.0 and also for P. brassicae (L 2 ) with 139.2 pollen of the transgenic maize Pactol CB. The estimation of all these LD 50 -values based on the amount of pollen applied. Obviously the amount of ingested pollen is lower than the LD 50 -values presented here. Generally, within one species, older and therefore also bigger larvae showed a higher tolerance against Bt-pollen than younger ones. Finally we found that at least 3rd and 4th instar larvae of Pieris brassicae and P. rapae do not discriminate between transgenic and non-transgenic maize pollen when applied on pieces of cabbage leaves.


The liquid-liquid partition of nickel(II) between hexane containing trioctylphosphine oxide or 4-methyl-2-pentanone and 1 mol dm−3 Na(SCN, ClO4) solutions at 25 °C was measured. The absorption spectra of the organic and aqueous phases at equilibrium were also measured. From an analysis of these data, the extraction constant and absorption spectrum of each organic species were determined. By comparing the extraction and optical absorption of cobalt(II) complexes in the same systems with the above results for nickel(II), it was concluded that cobalt(II) thiocyanate complexes changed from octahedral to tetrahedral form upon extraction, but that nickel(II) thiocyanate complexes remained in octahedral form throughout.