This paper presents the design and implementation of Direct Adaptive Controller (DAC) to control the level of liquid in a nonlinear two tank interacting process. Mean Square error is chosen as minimization criteria for the design of the controller. The objective of this work includes performance comparison of Adaptive MIT and Adaptive PI controller with two tank interacting process. The Constant PI, Adaptive MIT and Adaptive PI controllers are implemented for four different operating regions. White box model of the process is used in this work. The design and simulation studies are carried out in MATLAB/SIMULINK. Keywords— Nonlinear system, Interacting two tank system, MRAC, MIMO, Mathematical modeling, White box model


By analyzing and comparing of the existing synthesis methods,principles and process conditions of isopropyl palmitate,the key influencing factors in isopropyl palmitate synthesis process were found out,then the existing synthesis methods and process were comprehensively reviewed,finally the advantages and disadvantages of various methods and the technological process and their future development trend were proposed.


ABSTRACT This article examines the relationship between human emotions and slavery in Chosŏn Korea (1392–1910) by examining legislative processes as well as private practices concerning the status of the offspring of a yangban man and his slave-status concubine. The legislative discussions and decisions on the topic at the royal court often subscribed to the notion that these children were also the yangban's 'flesh and blood' and called for compassion, a Confucian emotional norm expected of parents. When yangban fathers manumitted their slave-status children, they recorded their feelings in the same affective language expressed in the legal discourses. Yet, because slaves were among the yangban's most valuable possessions and yangban elites regarded the maintenance of social hierarchy as the key for social order, legal paths for manumission were narrowly defined and emotional norms did not always dictate parents' actions. By investigating the larger legal framework related to slave-status children of yangban elites alongside specific cases, this study seeks to provide a deeper understanding of the historical impact and practices of emotional politics in relation to slavery. It finds that the yangban fathers' very primordial human emotion towards their own children was stratified by social and economic conditions and selectively applied.


The learning method currently being developed is the ICT-based learning method. This happens because it is in line with the development of ICT and demands in the world of education for learning to be more advanced, more efficient and effective. So that learning objectives can be achieved properly. This study aims to determine whether ICT-based learning can increase the creativity of early childhood.This research was conducted at TK Tunas Mekar, Sukasada District, Buleleng Regency. This research is a classroom action research and consists of two cycles and each cycle consists of 4 steps, namely Planning (Planning), Action (Action), Observation (Observation), Reflection (Reflection). In this research area determination technique using purposive sampling area. Determination of respondents with Research Population. Data collection was carried out by observation and documentation. Data analysis in this classroom action research used the percentage of learning completeness formula.The results of this study indicate an increase in children's creativity and ICT-based learning. Evidently, the results of the data before using ICT-based learning were only 46.6% of students who had good creativity abilities then increased to 79.9% after using ICT-based learning. In this cycle, the child's creativity has increased and meets the 75% set target.


The paper presents an overview, from a personal perspective, of the key research findings of the longitudinal study of the Manchester Down Syndrome Cohort. The study began in 1973 and is currently visiting the families as the young people enter adulthood. At present over 100 families remain in the cohort and provide a representative sample of families of children with Down syndrome in the UK during these years. It is one of the largest and most detailed multifactorial studies in the field of Down syndrome. The overriding impression of the families and their child with Down syndrome is one of normality. The factors that influence the well being of all members are largely the same as those influencing any child or family. The majority of families do not exhibit pathology as a consequence of having a child with Down syndrome. Indeed the evidence points to positive effects for many families when one member has Down syndrome. The results also emphasise the diversity of families and of individuals with Down syndrome. Some families and children with Down syndrome are vulnerable and at risk. The research has begun to identify who these may be and suggest possible directions for more effective support and intervention.


When it comes to successful refugee reception, the local level matters. Research overwhelmingly examines host communities' attitudes, but endorsement from local politicians is equally important to resolving conflicts and facilitating harmonious interaction. Yet the preferences of local leaders and their willingness to support the resettlement process are understudied. We conduct the first-ever conjoint experiment on a representative sample of local elected leaders in Greece, a heavily affected country with many active host sites. We elicit elite preferences regarding refugee resettlement and find that local leaders are more likely to support it if they are involved in the process and can control the frequency and intensity of local-refugee interactions. Overall, our results suggest that processes enabling elites to control "exposure," when combined with fair-share allocations schemes, can facilitate future resettlement. Such processes, however, introduce new humanitarian concerns and debates about refugee mobility.


The movement behavior of Danio rerio was studied as a bioindicator of contamination by antibiotics (Enrofloxacin,Sulfadiazine) and organophosphorous pesticides (Dimethoate,Malathion) using an online biomonitoring method,the Multispecies Freshwater Biomonitor (MFB). A static test of acute toxicity revealed the 96 h LC50 values (95% confidence limit) for Danio rerio to be 61 mg·L-1 for Dimethoate and 5.4 mg·L-1 for Malathion. No acute toxicity for Enrofloxacin and Sulfadiazine to Danio rerio was observed during the 96 h exposure period. The behavioral response of Danio rerio was sensitive to exposure to antibiotics and organophosphorous pesticides. Increasing concentration resulted in more intensive behavioral responses of Danio rerio with more short response time,which could be described by the Stepwise Stress Model (SSM). The behavior change of Danio rerio exhibited a positive relation to the acute toxicity test. Therefore,movement behavior can be effectively applied as a bioindicator and early warning of antibiotic and organophosphorous pesticide contamination by online biomonitoring.


Anthocyanins are naturally occurring compounds, member of the flavonoid groups of photochemical, involved in defense against the damaging effects of UV irradiation in plants and protect from many oxidants. The anthocyanins, group of pigments are relatively small and diverse flavonoid family in nature, and responsible for the attractive colors, red and purple to blue in many plants. Presence of pigments in flowers and fruits seems to provide attraction for pollination and aiding seed distribution, it also provides antiviral and antimicrobial activities, however their occurrence in the vacuoles remains ambiguous. During the last decades, anthocyanin gene expression and many structural genes encoding enzymes has been extensively studied in fruits, flowers and leaves in many plants.

In addition, the genetic regulating mechanism, their biosynthesis and other factors involved are well described. The biosynthesis pathway of anthocyanin is a complex with diverse branches responsible to produce variety of metabolites. In general Anthocyanins, production through the flavonoid path, are a class of vital phenolic compounds. Over six thousand diverse anthocyanins have been reported from various species. So far, the potential health benefits of anthocyanins have been reported in the contexts of their antioxidant properties. Anthocyanins are also extensively studied for their several positive effects on body. Based on these facts, the present review briefly summarizes recent advances, highlighting the importance of biosynthetic pathway of anthocyanins, thus will serve to encourage advance investigation in this field.


The present invention discloses a method for providing authentication of a digital broadcast to the roaming user, the user needs, the user authentication by the home basic subscription management module through an interactive network, authentication and key roaming subscription management module to the visited acquisition. When a subscriber roams to the field, the user using the roaming service by the key. Contract management module of the invention also supports forwarding service subscription information. Accordingly, the present invention discloses a digital broadcasting system authentication to the roaming user. The present invention can solve the problems of the prior art can not provide a digital broadcast to the roaming user.


Objective To explore the dynamic change of gastrin(GAS) and motilin(MOT) levels during the first week after the birth of very low birth weight infants(VLBWI).Methods Totally 20 VLBWI(1500 g) and 20 low birth weight infants(LBWI,1500-2500 g) were enrolled in this study.15 normal infants(2500 g) were the control group.Their GAS and MOT were measured four times by radioimmunoassy at 12,24,72 hours and 7 days after their birth.Results 1.The blood MOT and GAS levels at 12,24,72 hours and 7 days after birth of VLBWI were significantly lower than those of the control group(P0.01).Comparing with LBWI,the MOT of VLBWI show lower level(P0.01 or P0.05).Although VLBWI show lower GAS level in different measures,yet they did not reach the statistic difference(P0.05).2.The GAS and MOT levels of all three groups did not reach the statistic difference within 72 hours after their birth.At 7 days after their birth,the significant difference of the GAS and MOT levels was found in control group and LBWI group,significantly higher than those at the 72 hour(P0.01);MOT levels of VLBWI at 7 days show higher than those at 72 hours(P0.05),but GAS levels of VLBWI at 7 days did not reach the statistic difference(P0.05).3.MOT and GAS levels of ≤33 weeks of all groups were lower than those of ≥37 weeks groups(P0.01).Conclusions GAS and MOT levels were found to relate with infant weight and gestational age.In the first week after their birth,GAS and MOT levels of VLBWI with low digestive function,fall initially and then rise,whose changes were insignificantly small when compared with LBWI and term infants,which means a longer time to have mature functions.Influential factors include time for starting breastfeeding and different feeding method.


Delamination or convective thinning could cause large-scale and complete removal of the mantle lithosphere under orogens. However, geological and geophysical observations suggest that patched removal of the mantle lithosphere has occurred in some orogens, such as the northeastern Tibetan Plateau, the central Tianshan, and the central Andes. Dislocation-creep-induced strain localization cannot promote effective removal of the mantle lithosphere to the Moho on a small-scale. Recent rheological studies propose that dislocation-accommodated grain boundary sliding (DisGBS) may dominate upper mantle deformation. DisGBS could make the lower lithospheric mantle rheologically weaker than dry olivine. With 2-D high-resolution thermo-mechanical modeling, we systematically investigated the conditions for the initiation of small-scale lithospheric thinning under orogens and explored the minimum range of removal of the mantle lithosphere. The numerical results indicate that classic convective drip cannot effectively thin the mantle lithosphere to the Moho on a small-scale. In contrast, small-scale thinning can be induced by lithospheric heterogeneity with DisGBS and plasticity. The rheological heterogeneity can be verified by magmatism and metasomatism under the central Andes and orogens between terranes under the northeastern Tibetan Plateau or in Tianshan.


This paper explores the effect of local business taxes on household portfolios and the financial behavior of firms under uncertainty. Whereas the much simpler model presented in Gropp (1994) focused on the incentives generated by local business taxes on the financing behavior of firms, the model presented here is concerned with the conditions under which a financial equilibrium will exist in an economy with heterogeneous corporate taxation. In a general equilibrium model, I derive a capital asset pricing relationship, which shows that firms can engage in tax arbitrage, because of heterogeneous statutory local business taxes. This result is equivalent to the problem of tax arbitrage by individual investors in a model with heterogeneous personal taxes (see, for example, Auerbach and King, 1983). To ensure the existence of an equilibrium in which no arbitrage profits are possible, not only do I have to impose constraints on individual investors as in the case without heterogeneous corporate taxes, but also on firms. Moreover, I show that an individual investor's demand for an asset is a function of local business tax rates. I derive a modified clientele effect; investors with low personal tax rates specialize in debt, which in equilibrium is exclusively supplied by firms located in communities with high local business tax rates. Investors with high personal tax rates demand only equity of firms located in communities associated with low local business tax rates. Firms do not have interior debt-equity ratios.


Models explaining populism as a policy response to the interests of the urban poor struggle to understand the instability of populist mobilisations. A focus on political theatre is more helpful. This article extends the debate on populist performance, showing how populists typically do not produce rehearsed performances to passive audiences. In drawing 'the people' on stage they are forced to improvise. As a result, populist performances are rarely sustained. The article describes the Zambian Patriotic Front's (PF) theatrical insurrection in 2006 and its evolution over the next decade. The PF's populist aspect had faded by 2008 and gradually disappeared in parallel with its leader Michael Sata's ill-health and eventual death in 2014. The party was nonetheless electorally successful. The article accounts for this evolution and describes a 'post-populist' legacy featuring of hyper-partisanship, violence and authoritarianism. Intolerance was justified in the populist moment as a reflection of anger at inequality; it now floats free of any programme.


A silicon compilation system for CMOS operational amplifiers (OPASYN) has been developed. The synthesis system takes as inputs system level specifications, fabrication-dependent technology parameters, and geometric layout rules. It produces a design-rule-correct compact layout of an optimized op amp. The synthesis proceeds in three stages: 1) heuristic selection of a suitable circuit topology, 2) parametric circuit optimization based on analytic models, and 3) mask geometry construction using a macro cell layout style. The synthesis process is fast enough for the program to be used interactively at the system design level by system designers who are inexperienced in op amp design.


This paper introduces a concreted design scheme of pulse simulation source which is completed by 80C196KB single chip to control 8254 counter and CPLD to realize channel choice and set frequency and counter value arbitrarily,the principle of alterable pulse number and frequency which are generated by 8254 concatenation is expounded emphatically.In addition,channel control choice and pulse width modulation are introduced in brief.Experimentation indicates that the scheme has advantages of high precision and reliability which has been applied in test system successfully and has definite versatility.


Negative of an art work depicting two soldiers on mountain guard. Govt. Catalog # G.O.1.2101.47. Source: Himmler. Oil on canvas, with writing on back. By W. F. Gebhardt, 1943.


Terahertz imaging technology has been widely used in applications of security detection, defect detection and biomedicine. The in- sufficient resolution is still the main defect of this technology so far. The use of deep neural network for super-resolution reconstruction of image is a mainstream enhancement of resolution methods. Aiming at solving the shortcomings of existing methods to obtaining training sets and the design of networks, this paper proposes to use real- world terahertz images as low-resolution images and real-world optical images as ground truth to organize unpaired training sets, also a cycle adversarial super-resolution network is designed for the characteristics of unpaired training sets and different picture styles. In this paper we trained the network using training sets organized with the terahertz images which was collected through the Internet, and the images suitable for training in the Office-Home Datasets. The obtained results with real terahertz images shown that through the proposed network the resolution of terahertz images improved, which proves the feasibility of this network.


This paper presents a new sliding mode controller based on the theory of model following control for semi-active suspension systems with Magnetorheological (MR) dampers which have undesirable nonlinear properties. In the proposed controller, a desired semi-active suspension system is chosen as the reference model to be followed, and the control low is determined so that an asymptotically stable sliding mode will occur in the error dynamics between the plant and the reference model states. The advantages of the proposed controller are : (1) measurement of the damping force is not required, (2) the reference model specifies the desired performance considering the passivity constraint of the damper, (3) it is highly possible to maintain the sliding mode and achieve high robustness against the nonlinear properties of the damper. Numerical simulations illustrate the effectiveness of the controller.


The adsorption behavior of poly(acrylic acid) sodium on hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane (HFUM) surface was studied. It was found that, when KCl solution is used as background electrolyte solution, the pH value at the isoelectric point of polysulfone hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane is 2.9±0.1. If the pH value of poly(acrylic acid) sodium solution is close to that of the isoelectric point of the HFUM, the membrane surface exhibits having high adsorption capacity to the solute, and membrane flux declines rapidly. The changes of adsorption capacity with time at various temperatures were investigated. The results indicate that the adsorption kinetics can be described by the pseudo-second-order rate model, and the rate constant is between 0.359 and 0.604 m2·g-1·min-1 when temperature is 293~308 K. Effects of pH value and ionic strength on the adsorption were studied. It was found that the equilibrium capacity decreases from 0.218 to 0.012 g·m-2 when pH varies from 2.6 to 9, and that decreases from 0.218 to 0.154 g·m-2 when the ionic strength varies from 0.0 to 0.1 mol·L-1. Moreover, effect of equilibrium concentration on the adsorption capacity was investigated, and results show that the Langmuir equation can be fit perfectly for the experimental data of the poly(acrylic acid) sodium solution with concentration of 0.05~5.0 g·L-1 and pH≤4, and the values of equation parameters, qm and b, increase with increasing the adsorption capacity of membrane surface.


This paper raises points of practical and theoretical interest to epidemiologist and immunologist alike. During an outbreak of scarlet fever occurring among a hospital nursing staff and continuing sporadically for a few months, cases of acute tonsillitis and pharyngitis also appeared. Cultures obtained from these anginal infections yielded in each of five instances an organism identified as S. scarlatince on the grounds of agglutination and absorption reactions as well as its toxin-producing capacity. Further, these throat infections occurred in Dick-negative reactors. It is, therefore, considered that a scarlatinal angina may occur without a rash and the opportunity is taken to point out that the analogy between diphtheria and scarlet fever is not complete, inasmuch as the Dick test, while indicating antitoxic immunity, is not an index of the amount of antitoxin necessary in the blood to prevent bacterial invasion of the throat tissues. In the outbreak under discussion, there were isolated from throat infections, strains of hffimolytic streptococci which did not give the reaction of S. scarlatince, nor coul~ an anti genic relationship be established between these various strains. A. J OE ..


Based on Merton's Structural Model, this paper estimates the default probability, expected loss and the default spread of the residential mortgage loans affected by the volatility of the house's price, risk-free interest rate and the three indices' trends during the maturity.


Sepsis is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States. This chapter reviews the diagnostic and treatment challenges of pediatric sepsis. It also offers differential diagnoses as well as treatment algorithms including triage screening tools, an escalation plan for difficult intravenous access, and empiric antibiotic treatment. Timely fluid and antibiotic administration are the mainstay of pediatric sepsis treatment. This chapter highlights the distinction between warm and cold shock as it reflects the pathophysiologic differences of pediatric and adult patients, and the appropriate use of vasoactive agents in pediatric shock is discussed. The chapter also discusses complications and mortality associated with pediatric sepsis.


Abstract Background This study, conducted as part of the European ENBEL project (Horizon 2020), aims at synthesising the scientific evidence on heat health preventive measures targeting vulnerable populations, considering other environmental co-exposures, such as air pollution, wildfires and droughts. Methods A scoping review was performed on Medline and Embase (Ovid) through search terms on clinical and social vulnerabilities, health outcomes (morbidity, mortality, hospitalisation), heatwaves, droughts, air pollution, wildfires, and preventive measures. Records in English published between 2000 and 2023 were included and screened according to PRISMA guidelines. Results 8608 records were retrieved, 5895 of which screened after duplicate removal. 51 were included in the qualitative synthesis. The interventions, mainly targeting workers (from agriculture, healthcare, waste management, firefighting and military sectors) and school athletes, were the most evaluated preventive measures. The role of hydration, rest in the shade, cooling cloths and food, and acclimatisation procedures were highlighted for both groups. On the other hand, local prevention plans, mainly from high-income Countries, focused on the elderly, adults in poor health conditions, homeless and institutionalised people. The implemented measures concentrate on cooling interventions, provision of health care and social services, education and information campaigns. Regarding co-exposures, a study on prevention for firefighters and one on the implementation of Clean Air Centres in California for people vulnerable to heat and smoke were retrieved. A search of the grey literature will be performed to avoid publication bias. Conclusions There is still limited evidence on the effectiveness of preventive measures aimed at protecting vulnerable subgroups from heat-related health effects. The present findings can help orient the public health agenda and research priorities on climate changes adaptation measures. Key messages • Heatwaves are more frequent due to climate change, putting vulnerable population at risk. Developing plans and programs aimed at reducing negative health outcomes related to heat should be a priority. • Hydration, rest, and acclimatization procedures reduce heat-related illnesses in workers and athletes. Local prevention plans for the elderly show the role of education and information.


Objective: To calculate the irradiated absorbed dosage of human main organs and whole body in 99mTc-MDP, 99mTc sodium phytate in physiologic conditions. Methods: Planar registered quantitative images were acquired several times in 6 normal people. Several ROIs(regions of interest) of main organs were defined in the whole body images of the corresponding different time phases, and the irradiated absorbed dosage were calculated by the self designed software program. Result: 99mTc sodium phytate was accumulated mainly in liver and intestine, so the irradiated absorbed dosage of liver and intestine are high. In 99mTc MDP, the high irradiated absorbed dosage is in bone marrow, bladder and kidneys. Conclusion: The results of this study of the irradiated absorbed dosage are similar to those of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) 53 Publication. This method of calculation is accurate, so it can provide the necessary irradiated absorbed dosage for these two radionuclide, 99mTc MDP and 99mTc sodium phytate.


In this paper we discuss the question of when a variety of commutative or nilpotent semigroups consists only of finitely approximate semigroups. Moreover, we give necessary and sufficient conditions in order to have VarS = qVarS (here Var S denotes the variety generated by the semigroup S, and qVarS the quasivariety generated by S). Bibliography: 3 items.


Learning individualized causal effect (ICE) plays a vital role in various fields of big data analysis, ranging from fine-grained policy evaluation to personalized treatment development. However, the presence of unmeasured confounders increases the difficulty of estimating ICE in real-world scenarios. A wide range of methods have been proposed to address the unmeasured confounders with the aid of instrument variable (IV), which sources from the treatment randomization. The performance of these methods relies on the well-predefined IVs that satisfy the unconfounded instruments assumption (i.e., the IVs are independent with the unmeasured confounders given observed covariates), which is untestable and leads to finding a valid IV becomes an art rather than science. In this paper, we focus on estimating the ICE with confounded instruments that violate the unconfounded instruments assumption. By considering the conditional independence between the set of confounded instruments and the outcome variable, we propose a novel method, named CVAE-IV, to generate a substitute of the unmeasured confounder with a conditional variational autoencoder. Our theoretical analysis guarantees that the generated confounder substitute will identify unbiased ICE. Extensive experiments on bias demand prediction and Mendelian randomization analysis verify the effectiveness of our method.


The purpose of this study is to reveal the factors that are efficient upon Sport High School students' communication skills. In accordance with this purpose, Communication Skills Scalewas developed by Korkut and Bugay (2014) and personal information form wasdeveloped by researchers who were performed to 142 students (65 female and 77 male) studying at Professor Faik Somer Sport High Schools in Istanbul. To examine the normality of the data, "kurtosis" and "skewness" values were analyzed and were regarded as not normally distributed data. Later, gender sport branch, the number of siblings and social media accounts, depending on the use of α=0.05 level of significance t-test, Mann-Whitney, and in accordance with the class and time evaluation form Kruskal-Wallis test was applied. The findings of the research show that sports communication skills of high school students gender, sport branch, number of siblings, social media accounts, class and time for the evaluation variables were not cause statistically significant relationship.


Linear and nonlinear magnetic responses of mean-field Ising models for reentrant spin glasses are investigated by means of Parisi's replica-symmetry-breaking (RSB) scheme. We evaluate the responses of one of free energy local minima (pure state) in the RSB phase, which are expected to correspond to the zero-frequency limit of ac responses. At the transition point between the replica-symmetric and the RSB phases, which is regarded as the reentrant transition point of the systems of interest, the responses do exhibit a cusp but do not diverge at all. The implication of the results with reentrant transition observed experimentally is also discussed.


phenomenological level" and leaves "certain ultimate questions" concerning the explanation of recurrences in nature unanswered. And the work has had the modest purpose of preparing the way for a satisfactory theory of thinking. The principal merit of The Theory of Universals lies in its argument for the genuineness of the problem of universals and in its criticism of two main forms of conceptualism. On the other hand, neither the method of approach nor the proffered solution seems to achieve very much. When the author proposes, at the outset of the second part, to get at the problem of universals by seeking for an explanation of the successful use of general words, he seems to be promising the eventual elaboration of a theory which would solve this problem in the context provided by questions of a philosophical or metaphysical nature, as Part I has touched on them. But we find at the end that he has not gone into such ultimate questions and therefore has left the more important logical, ethical, and metaphysical difficulties untreated. For example, problems having to do with the use of the words "goodness" and "beauty" are left aside because they "would necessitate comprehensive ethical and aesthetic disquisitions, which cannot be undertaken here" (p. 144). The solution of properly logical and metaphysical problems is likewise said to be outside the purpose of the present work (pp. 231, 242-43). When it is a question of criticizing what he finds to be partial and deficient views, the author never makes sufficiently clear who the proponents are supposed to be and thus it is not difficult for him to state these opinions in a manner which makes rejection all too simple a matter. In other words, he makes out a clear case only if we overlook the possibility that those who are being criticized would very likely wish to argue about Aaron's way of putting their opinions. For these reasons, his own theory is less a solution than it is a description of the situation in which problems concerning universals have arisen within contexts provided by varying sets of principles.


In this paper, the conjugate gradient method coupled with adjoint problem is used in order to solve the inverse heat conduction problem and estimation of the time- dependent heat flux using the temperature distribution at a point in a three layer system with none homogeneous boundary conditions. Also, the effect of noisy data on final solution is studied. For solving this problem the general coordinate method is used. We solved the inverse heat conduction problem of estimating the transient heat flux, applied on part of the boundary of an irregular region. The present formulation is general and can be applied to the solution of boundary inverse heat conduction problems over any region that can be mapped into a rectangle. The obtained results for few selected examples show the good accuracy of the presented method.  Also the solutions have good stability even if the input data includes noise. Applications of this model are in the thermal protect systems (t.p.s.) and heat shield systems.


 Fostering public access to underwater cultural heritage contributes to its increased appreciation and recreational value, as well as the public's understanding of its significance;  Investment in infrastructure for the display and responsible visitation of submerged heritage increases the economic activity of the area in which it is located, fostering sustainable development;  Responsible public access to underwater cultural heritage can help finance protection and research, and is a means of monitoring its security and state of preservation.


The differences in the Eastern and Western cultures and in the language expressions of Chinese and English will eventually give rise to the barriers in the translation between the two languages. However, it is the faithfulness to the original text that counts in translation, which is not to be fettered by the SL linguistic forms. The present article is to discuss the possibility in cross-cultural linguistic translation equivalence by means of the conversions between positiveness and negativeness, implicitness and explicitness, natural-order and inverted-order, straightforwardness and detour, augmentation and deletion, and the combination of elements into one.


The purpose of the investigation: to study the possibility of applyind the urine chemolumeniscence (CL) method for early revealing nephropathies during pregnancy and congenital nephropathies in newborns in the early stages. A significant increase in the urine CL intensity has been revealed in mother with chronic pyelonephritis and in infants with congenital nephropathies. According to clinical-statistical analysis, changes of the urine CL were followed by biochemical alterations characterising renal dysfunctions. Newborns born to mothers with uronephrological pathology need a limited amount of aminoglicoses, because they aggravate prenatal renal lesion. Test-sensitivity of urine CL registration has been found to be 92,8%, specificication 68,9%, accuracy of 83,6%.


COMPOSITION ADHESIVE FOR TIRES, bonding process and composition TIRE pre-activating AND PROCESS tire preactivation The present invention relates to an adhesive composition for tires based on natural solvents for use in the bonding process and composition pre-activation tires. The present invention is in the field of chemical engineering and, more specifically, in the adhesives field.


Genetic diversity of Chokla sheep breed was investigated using 18 microsatellite markers suggested by FAO. Total of 150 alleles were detected across 18 microsatellite loci. The highly polymorphic locus was OarFCB48 with 13 alleles and the lowest number of allele was found in FCB128. All the loci were found highly polymorphic with 94% polymorphism in studied population, where mean polymorphic information content value was found 0.751, indicating utility of these markers for genome mapping as well as population assignment. Various diversity estimates, mean observed heterozygosity (0.576), mean number of alleles (8.3), effective number of alleles (5.2) and gene diversity (0.783) showed significant within-breed diversity in studied population. However, positive Fis value (0.256) indicated heterozygote deficiency in investigated sheep population. This study is important to understand the genetic diversity of studied population in present scenario for adjudication of demanded breeding programms as well as for creating useful conservation strategies.


Soft tissue surgeon Geraldine Hunt moved from the University of Sydney to the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital at UC Davis and shares her experiences.


The consumer price index (CPI) is used in the United States to measure changes in the cost of living. Since the CPI is used to index the official U.S. poverty guidelines and to establish eligibility criteria for various public assistance programs, a change in the methodology used to calculate the CPI would impact the accuracy of poverty statistics and, more importantly, poor families' access to public assistance. Since the majority of these poor families are headed by women, the CPI becomes a critical issue for feminist economics. In December 1996 the United States Senate Finance Committee's Advisory Commission to Study the Consumer Price Index issued its final report which concluded that use of the consumer price index results in widespread substantial overindexing. This paper uses the basic needs budgets (BNB) to evaluate changes in the cost of living for low-income families. The author compares the cost of the BNBs for single-parent families in 1983 and 1996 and finds that the cost of the bundle of goods and services included in the BNBs has increased faster than the CPI. The author finds similar results for two-parent families.


Resistance to antibiotics is increasing worldwide, including in Indonesia. The use of antibiotics is the most common cause of microorganism resistance. Individuals who received antibiotic therapy impacton changes of normal micro-flora resistance through selective pressure. This study aims to analyze the relationship of the quantity of antibiotic use with the pattern of resistance of gut normal flora Escherichia coliamong patients in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and Tropic Infection Ward, Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya. This study was cross-sectional design with 64 samples (32 the ICU and 32 in Tropic Infection Ward). The total sample were collected for three Months. Identification of intestinal microflora was done with McConkey differential selective medium, followed by IMViC biochemical test, and sensitivity test by antibiotic disc diffusion method. Data were analyzed with Chi square test and Fisher'sExact test. There was no significant difference (p=0.441) in the quantity of antibiotic use between ICU and Tropic Infection Ward. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) in normal intestinal flora Escherichia coli resistance pattern between Tropic Infection Ward and ICU against12 types of antibiotics. Ceftriaxone was the most widely used antibiotic in the Tropic Infection Ward of 54 DDD and ICU of 100 DDD. The highest percentage of intestinal flora Escherichia coli  resistance at the ICU was ceftriaxone as manyas 18 (56.3%) and at Tropic Infection Ward on ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin 20 (62.5%). The other study in Primary Health center, showed that theresistance rates of both wards were significantly different as compared to intestinal flora of patients in primary health center (p <0.001), in whichthe use of antibiotics in primary health center was also lower (1.6 DDD). There was no significant difference (p>0.05) The pattern of bacterial resistance between patient with and without antibiotic use at Tropic Infection Ward and ICU Conclusion: the quantity of antibiotic use was not significantly different against resistnt gut flora between patients in ICU and Tropic Infection ward. The pattern of bacterial resistance between patient with and without antibiotic use was also not significantly different.


In this paper, a local tone mapping operator is proposed. It is based on the theory of sprays introduced in the Random Sprays Retinex algorithm, a white balance algorithm dealing with the locality of color perception. This tone mapping implementation compresses high dynamic range images by using three types of computations on sprays. These operations are carefully chosen so that the result of their convex combination is a low dynamic range image with a high level of detail in all its parts regardless of the original luminance values that may span over large dynamic ranges. Furthermore, a simple local formulation of the Naka-Rushton equation based on random sprays is given. The experimental results are presented and discussed.


Negative refraction with minimal absorption obtained using quantum interference effects similar to electromagnetically induced transparency. Coupling a magnetic dipole transition coherently with an electric dipole transition leads to electromagnetically induced chirality, providing negative refraction.


In this study, which aims at researching the income-based perspective of convergence hypothesis in terms of energy use as both cause and result of development; energy consumption has been used as an indicator of living standards, while industrial energy consumption has been used for distribution of production forces. Analyses conducted for period between 2007-2017, it has been detected that both absolute and conditional convergence mechanisms in terms of both total consumption values and industrial consumption values operate on the basis of provinces in Turkey. It was found that the improvements from the provinces to their neighbours possess a spillover effect.


Shp‐2 is a member of a small family of cytoplasmic Src homology 2 (SH2) domain‐containing protein tyrosine phosphatases. Although Shp‐2 has been shown to be necessary for hematopoiesis using a mouse model expressing a mutant residual protein (Shp‐2Δ/Δ), we used small interfering RNA (siRNA) to reduce Shp‐2 expression and examined the consequences on embryonic stem cell (ESC)‐derived hemangioblast, primitive, and definitive hematopoietic development. We found that at a concentration of 50 nM, Shp‐2 siRNA effectively diminished Shp‐2 expression in differentiating embryoid bodies. Hemangioblast, primitive, and definitive hematopoietic progenitor formation was decreased significantly after transfection with Shp‐2 siRNA but not with scrambled siRNA. Because Shp‐2 is involved in signals emanating from the basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) receptor, we asked whether Shp‐2 functions in bFGF‐mediated hemangioblast development. Reduction of Shp‐2 expression using siRNA, but not scrambled siRNA, blocked the bFGF‐induced increase in hemangioblast development. Using siRNA as an independent method of reducing Shp‐2 function, in contrast to the mutant mouse model (Shp‐2Δ/Δ) previously used, we demonstrate that Shp‐2 is required in hemangioblast, primitive, and definitive progenitor hematopoietic development and that Shp‐2 is integrally necessary for bFGF‐mediated hemangioblast production.


In order to fit for the RoHS directives,2,4,6-tri(tribromophenyl)cyanurate,new environmentally friendly flame retardant,was used to retard ABS,finally the flame retarded ABS was toughened and lubricated.The results showed that the impact and fluidity properties of flame retardant ABS were improved remarkable after modification,and it fulfilled requirements of the shell of large thin-wall plastic electric equipments.


THE apparatus described below makes it possible to record the following points in the respiration of small animals such as marmots or rabbits: (1) the frequency, (2) the depth of respiration, (3) the total ventilation (min. vol.), and (4) the type of respiration (the form and time relations of the curves of inspiration and of expiration). Fig. 1 represents such an apparatus. A rabbit is shown in place within


According to the statistic and analyses about the geological disasters which were induced by human factors and caused death and direct economic loss during the tenth Five-Year Plan, it showed that man made geologic hazard has been very terrible. In order to standardize human engineering activity and protect the safety of nation and citizens' lives and property, the prevention of man made geological disasters must be strengthened at once.


State enterprises having separate legal personality are covered by the study. The main aspects examined are: (1) various standard contracts, conditions, customs and practices; (2) multilateral and bilateral conventions; (3) regulations on international sale by municipal law. The reader from a market economy country may be particularly interested in the passages dealing with the extent and methods of application of international norms and practices predominantly of Western origin in the countries of planned economy in Eastern Europe, as well as in the new rules elaborated by East European countries and applied in international sales. The rules applied to sales involving enterprises in countries of planned economy differ sometimes from the corresponding rules applicable to sales where one of the parties is from a market economy country and where the other is from a planned economy State. This position results largely from the terms of interState conventions. Jakubowski defends the independence of contracts from subsequent international treaties as otherwise, according to him, the administrative (ratione imperil) and economic (via State enterprises) functions of the State would merge. He does not deal with the danger of municipal administrative measures that may affect international contracts, e.g., a refusal of an export licence or a ministerial order banning exports of certain goods, etc. The author considers that " severe" provisions in internal special laws are not justified in international relations. In the same vein he expresses doubts as to application of certain provisions of the internal general law that invest the court with a discretionary power -to modify the terms of contracts, e.g., arts. 537, 538 and 539 of the Polish Civil Code of 1964 on fixed, maximum and minimum prices, or of art. 117 of that code which allows the court to disregard the statutes on limitation. Interesting information on use of Incoterms and their interpretation in the practice of the arbitral bodies in East Europe, East European standard contracts (p. 112) and reference to them in international agreements (p. 227) between countries of planned economy, show that " merchant made law" spreads generally faster than that created through the laboriously negotiated international conventions. This is a well documented scholarly study. L. KOS-RABCEWICZ-ZUBKOWSKI.


In this present study, matrix tablet of Zolpidem tartrate was prepared by direct compression technique, using Carbopol 974 P NF as release retardant. Granules were prepared and evaluated for loose bulk density, tapped bulk density, compressibility index and angle of repose, shows satisfactory results. Formulation was optimized on the basis of acceptable tablet properties (hardness, friability, drug content and weight variations), in vitro drug release and stability studies. All the formulations showed compliance with pharmacopeial standards. The in vitro release study of matrix tablets was carried out in 0.01 N HCl for 4 hrs. Among all the formulations, F-5 shows 99.32% better sustained release at the end of 4 hrs. The release mechanism from the matrix tablets of Zolpidem tartrate was non-Fickian diffusion and drug release from all formulations follows first order kinetics. The formulation F-5 shows drug release profile matched to the marketed product (Ambien CR). Stability studies were carried out according to ICH guideline which indicates that formulation F5 was stable.


This paper proposes a new model of subject-independent drunkenness detection based on analysis of thermal infrared facial images. The method consists of the following processing stages: (a) thermal infrared image acquisition; (b) Pulse-Coupled Neural Network (PCNN) image segmentation; (c) feature selection using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) cascaded with Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA); (d) Support Vector Machine (SVM) classification. We have built an experimental thermal infrared facial image database of 10 subjects (7 males and 3 females). The thermal images of each subject have been acquired both for sober condition and also for inebriation condition obtained after the person drank a specific amount of alcohol. Any thermal picture has been taken using a FLIR camera and it corresponds to the resolution of 160 x120 pixels in the wave range of 7.5-13 μm. The parameters of the PCNN have been optimized using a genetic algorithm. Using the proposed thermal image analysis cascade based on PCNN, we have obtained a drunkenness detection score of 97.5%, corresponding to an increase of 17.5% over the best score given by the considered benchmark method without PCNN segmentation. Key-Words: Drunkenness detection, thermal imagery, image segmentation, pulse-coupled neural network (PCNN), genetic algorithms


The energy resource-contrived is the most difficult aspect of WSN and that energy cannot be recharged. When every sensor node is needed to move ahead the data packet to the sink node, the problem emerges there. Through unmoving, listening and retransmitting, the accessible energy in every node could be lost in this procedure because of collisions as well as overhearing. Network topology management and energy minimization is done due to Cluster-based WSN routing protocols. In clustering in WSN, sensor nodes are sorted into little disjoint clusters, where every cluster has an organizer referred as CH. In this paper, energy efficient clustering techniques related to WSNs are discussed and comparative analysis is also performed.


According to the nonlinear of the converter in the DC converter station caused by the harmonic stability problem,established the simulation model based on Deyang converter station actual equipments conditon,and simplified it equivalently through the Thevenin equivalent theorems,using the changes of the system short circuit ratio analysed the main influence factors of harmonic instability in Deyang converter station,and some important conclusions are obtained that the secondary harmonic content changes of AC voltage and current play a leading role in the possible existence of harmonic instability in Deyang converter station.


The proportion of loading and unload machines in the logistics industry improves constantly, rational selection and handling technology of loading and unloading machine has become an important factor in determining efficient logistics operation method. In terms of domestic railway transportation requirements, the development of mechanization of loading and unloading the is overall slow, the equipment configuration is not suitable for the handling goods category and capacity of freight yards, especially the requirements derived from the regional differences and the diverse needs of customers on the freight transportation cannot be met. Aimed at practical handling operations of freight transportation in Kunming Railway Bureau, this paper puts forward the "three-phase method" for model selection of handling machines, establishes the binomial distribution model for reasonable configuration of handling machines. And the forklift configuration of public freight yards in Kunming East Railway Station is taken as an example for analysis and solution, the results has certain operability.


generation. One of the main social media sites is Facebook, which reached over one billion users around the world as of October 2012 (Fowler, 2012). This social media site allows its patrons to have an electronic way of communicating while also constructing a custom profile of their "perfect and ideal" life. Facebook was originally created with the intention of making it a social media site for college students only; however, as the site's popularity grew rapidly it was soon made accessible to everyone. Young adults, specifically college students, are online so often which is Participants ‐ 68 Undergraduate Students from a small liberal arts university in northern California. ‐ The mean age was 23.07 (SD=7.31). ‐ The racial makeup of the sample was 37% White, 19% Hispanic/Latino, 9% Black/African American and 29% Asian/ Pacific Islander.


Scanning electron microscopy was used to survey the aesthetasc tuft on the outer flagellum of the antennule (1st antenna) in order to identify sensilla potentially involved in pheromone detection by the male blue crab. These studies showed that the tuft of each antennule is divided into a mesial and lateral half by a region of cuticle from which no sensilla arise. Two setal types were revealed: the aesthetascs and previously undescribed sensilla which originate exclusively on the mesial side of the tuft and project to the lateral half between the rows of aesthetascs. Experiments were performed in which the mesial half, lateral half, or entire aesthetasc tuft was bilaterally ablated from the antennules of test males. As revealed by behavioral tests, pheromone responses in "mesial half" and "lateral half" ablation groups were reduced 22% and 21%, respectively, relative to control (P > 0.10); whereas a highly significant (P < 0.005) response decrement (80% relative to control) occurred in the "entire tuft" a...


In this work we propose a generalized real interval kernel method applied on Support Vector Machines. Since the real interval kernel method is constructed from the real kernel method, it is reasonable to extend it to intervals on any domain which has some algebraic structure. This extension is applied on Support Vector Machines classification of interval data.


The paper reports morphological and typological characteristics of knives of the Petrovka Culture in the Southern Trans-Urals and Middle Tobol River region (the Early Alakul period, as defined by N.V. Vinogradov). According to the 14С dates (36 dates in total, half them are AMS dates), the chronological period of the Petrovka sites in the Southern Trans-Urals spans the 19th through 18th centuries BC. The inventory metal complexes of the Late Bronze Age cultures between the Don and Ishim Rivers, despite the large territory, have many common types of tools. This is particularly noticeable when comparing the largest category of the tools — the knives
(49 specimens). Differentiation of the tools by type was based on the methodology of typological attribution of the inventory taking into account the presence or absence of particular qualitative characteristics and their combina-tion — analysis of the handle decoration, presence of a bolster, knife tang, shape of the transition from the blade to the tang, and shape and cross-section of the blade. Alongside the morphological and typological characteriza-tion of the knives, mapping the tools finds and was also carried out with the search for analogues in neighboring cultures. The most effective results have been obtained by mapping of tools with rhombic tangs, crosshair and interception, which are most numerous (147 specimens). We have identified three types of the knives with promi-nent massive handle, knives with forged sleeve and seven types of the tools with tangs. The identified types of the Petrovka Culture of the Southern Trans-Urals are more or less characteristic of the family of related cultures of the Eurasian forest-steppe and steppe belt — Abashevo, Sintashta, Petrovka, Early Srubnaya, and sites of the Potapovka and Pokrovka types. On the basis of the statistical data, there have been identified the types of the knives with a massive handle, as well as those with a forged sleeve, which are predominantly associated with the metalwork centers of the Petrovka Culture. We have unraveled the particular significance of the knives with rhombic tangs, crosshair and interception in the ritual practices of the entire circle of the cultures from the forest-steppe and steppe belt, apparently related to the special social status of the buried individuals. Prototypes of most forms of knives with tangs have been found in the stereotypes of the objects from the production centers of the Circumpontian Metallurgical Province. The common momentum for the genesis of the forest-steppe and steppe cultures, originating from the Middle Bronze Age cultures of the Eastern Europe and Ural, explains the common morphology of the knives for the family of the related cultures of the first phase of the Eurasian Metallurgical Pro-vince with a variety of forms and in contrast to the uniform shape of the knives of the Srubnaya and Alakul types of the second phase of the Eurasian Province.


The changes of glutamine synthetase (GS) and its isozymes were determined during seed germination and cotyledon developmental of towel gourd. The activities of GS and its isozymes were influenced by light and external nitrogen besides the development effect. Whether external nitrogen exist or not, GS activity was increased gradually in the seed germination and initial stage of cotyledon development and was the highest in 6 d. After this, the activity was declined. Under light, the induced activity of GS1 was higher than that of GS2. In external nitrogen-free, the promoted GS2 activity was more than that of GS1. Under the dark, the activities of both GS1 and GS2 were increased by the external nitrogen.


Liver penetration is a rare but serious complication of peptic ulcer disease. Usually the diagnosis is made by operation or autopsy. Clinical and laboratory data were no specific. A 64-year-old man was admitted with upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Hepatic penetration was diagnosed as the cause of bleeding. Endoscopy showed a large gastric ulcer with a pseudotumoral mass protruding from the ulcer bed. Definitive diagnosis was established by endoscopic biopsies of the ulcer base.


South Asiais atreasure trove of languages.However,due to the accelerating globalization,many South Asian languages are now in grave danger of extinction,which causes deep concern from linguists,members of endangered language community,governments and non-governmental organizations.The " International Seminar on the Endangered Languages in South Asia" held during March 14th-17th of 2013in Indiareceived more than 60research papers and essays,showing that the current research on the endangered languages in South Asiashould focus on the investigation of those endangered languages and their revival.


The research project "Good Teaching Practices and Teacher Education Contributions Towards a New Pedagogical Agenda" studies good teaching in the EFL Teacher Education Program at the School of Humanities. Mar del Plata State University, Argentina The investigation proceeds within the framework of the new agenda for didactics It began by identifying good practices through a semi-open questionnaire administered to a selected sample of good senior students in the Program Recorded instructors were interviewed by means of a semi-flexible script emphasizing their narrative perspectives This paper summarizes a comparative analysis of conceptions of good teaching registered for two professors. The interpretation of these stories aims at generating categories to publicly and theoretically signify their private teaching experiences. This process allows for the exploration of some of the complexities concerning pre-service EFL teaching education.


One of our pulsed power apparatcwes with a heated anode is used to produce lithium beams of singly and doubly ionized states. The main purpose of this is to get suitable beams with high efficiency and high purity. We also use cryogenic anodes of sunface breakdown type solely or together with added laser ionization, which can supply higher number density of multiply charged ions. Older versions of our cryogenic diodes are revised to realize this, and a KrF laser pimped by electron btam are prepared to irradiate anodes. Active anode plasma production with swface flash-discharge accompanied with auxiliary power source is often useful to get rich ion source. To strengthen this technique, specially for the application to get higher ion charge states, a revised method is expected to be introduced. Another pulsed power apparatus is used to produce proton beams with conventional anode, and the main purpose is to extract heamlets with narrow energy width. To do so, we need to develop a beam energy and beam species selector. This selector is a h useful to diagnose ion beams just before and just after the interaction with the target medium. This is a kind of Thomson-parabola beam analyzer, in principle. The 5th part of our experiments is to produce dense target plasmas of proton or so, which is planned with the use of zor theta-pinch discharge. The enough quantity of the s o m e gas must he puffed into the plasma chamber, while the high vacuum must be kept in the diode region. AlI these must be assembled together to realize our last purpose in the near future. In this article, preliminary results of lst, 2nd and 3rd paragraphs am shown shortly.


The focus of this study is to develop a virtual reality program for safe training and virtual reality of hydrogen station. This programme consists of 4 modules such as hydrogen and safety module, hydrogen station module, hypothetical experience module, and accident scenarios module for hydrogen experts. User can experience with principles and operation condition and collect the information of hydrogen station by this programme and can simultaneously study the probable scenarios, emergency response plan/standard operating procedure about hydrogen stations. It makes it possible to educate and safety publicity for the trainee. This virtual reality program will be expected to be helpful for hydrogen station's construction propagation and technology development which is essential for hydrogen energy induction.


In this paper we present simulations of the UV airglow observed in selected images obtained by the spinscan auroral imager experiment on the Dynamics Explorer 1 satellite. In particular, we present one example each of observed and modeled images for the dayglow and for the nightglow. The model dayglow emissions include the O I 130.4 nm triplet (excited by both photoelectron impact excitation of O atoms and resonant scattering of the solar O I 130.4 nm triplet), the O I 135.6 nm doublet (excited by photoelectron impact excitation of O atoms), and the N2 Lyman-Birge-Hopfield (LBH) molecular bands (excited by photoelectron impact excitation of N2 molecules). The model neglects minor contributions from H I 121.6 nm and N I 149.3 nm dayglow emissions. The model nightglow emissions are comprised of the same O I 130.4 nm and 135.6 nm features, but on the nightside they are produced through recombination of O+ ions. The model neglects a contribution to the nightglow O I 130.4 nm and 135.6 nm emissions due to recombination of O+ and O− ions. The results presented here demonstrate that the dayglow emissions are well understood and can be simulated with high accuracy. This allows us to determine relative contributions of the various dayglow emission sources over the disk of the Earth. For example, while the O I 130.4 nm emission is very bright and fairly uniform at about 15-20 kR over much of the disk, the optically thin LBH emissions become much larger than the O I 130.4 nm emission at the limb, with a band-integrated maximum brightness of about 35 kR. Although the image simulation code used is fairly CPU intensive, it should prove useful in studying variations in the abundances of O and N2 following geomagnetic storms or in extracting the dayglow contribution from images of the sunlit auroral oval, for instance. The nightglow emissions are not as well fit by the model, indicating that the O+-O− mutual neutralization source is significant and should be included in future simulations. The observed tropical arcs are somewhat narrower than produced by the model simulation, probably due to the limited spatial resolution of the model. The model results indicate that the O I 130.4 nm and 135.6 nm recombination nightglow can reach several hundred rayleighs in the middle of the tropical arcs. Although swamped by dayglow emissions, the O I recombination glow on the dayside must typically exceed a kilorayleigh.


This paper discusses the issue of belief dynamics when rational introspective agents incorporate with the Moorean type new information.We attempt to deal with the Moorean type new information for revision within the framework of DEL(DDL).Several unsuccessful ways are presented though we still keep the principle of "the priority of new information" from the view of traditional belief revision.We conclude that some special kind of success(weak success) can be found in those revision processes although absolute success and consistency postulates do not hold at the same time.Finally,a relevant problem "learnability" is re-considered with the help of weak success.


Neuron-dynamics to correction functional readiness of skilled weightlifter to competitions. It is shown in the article that the increase of sporting results at weight women (M.S.) are provided by the improvement of the functional being of executive links of the functional system of activity, decline of background level of activity and CNS de synchronization. It creates neuron-dynamics pre-conditions for the increase of intensity and speed of development of excitation.


The phenomenon of operating system (OS) Jitter has been investigated and considered a critical factor in high-performance computing. In this paper we model and simulate the effects of different sources of OS Jitter in the Linux operating system. We adopt the design of experiments approach to conduct experiments statistically planned. Our simulation models corroborate the results obtained experimentally. We conclude that the OS Jitter has a higher impact when the number of the computational phases is high, for any number of computing nodes from 1 to 500. We also observed that in Linux, the highest OS Jitter impacts are caused by managing the shared processor cache and network interrupts, where the second shows the highest sensitivity with respect to the cluster size.


Dr. Gonca Altuger-Genc is an Assistant Professor at State University of New York Farmingdale State College in the Mechanical Engineering Technology Department. She is serving as the K-12 STEM Outreach Research and Training Coordinator at Renewable Energy and Sustainability Center at Farmingdale State College. Her research interests are engineering education, self-directed lifelong learning, virtual laboratories, and decision-making framework development for design and manufacturing environments.


A new method for the determination of 19organochlorine pesticides(OCPs)in tobacco based on ultrasonic assisted extraction(MAE)followed by solid-phase extraction(SPE)clean up and gas chromatography with electron capture detection(GC-ECD)is described.Samples were extracted with hexane acetone,and the extracts were purified by solid-phase extraction using florisil as the adsorbent,then the analytes were determined by GC-ECD.The recoveries obtained from samples spiked with standards were higher than 72%。the relative standard deviations(RSDs)were in the lange of 0.10%~ 9.0%.The method can be used for simultaneous determination of organochlorine pesticide residues in tobacco.


Since Burns Crookston argued that advising could be both a teaching and a developmental activity, advising as a field has been quick to assume those roles. But, frankly, Crookston never discussed how the relationship between developmental theory and advising was to be made. More importantly, he never outlined the teaching activity that he claimed was associated with a developmental view of advising. Although the field has been quick to adopt Crookston's vocabulary-most visibly his idea of the shared responsibility between advisors and studentswith hindsight it is fiction to claim that in his article Crookston provided either a solid basis or a good direction to think about a developmental view of advising as teaching, let alone put it into practice.


Introduction

Legal Framework

U.S. Domestic Legislation: Protecting Property

Evolution: Litigation and Regulation in the United States

Agricultural Biotechnology in Other Countries

International Cooperation

Social Promise of Agricultural Biotechnology

But There Are Those Looming Critics

The Philosophy-and-Ethics-of-Risk Problem

Agricultural-Sustainability Problem

The Farm Problem

The Jeremy Rifkin Problem

The Coalition Problem

Social Impact on Agricultural Biotechnology

Keywords:

agricultural biotechnology


The investigation of the contamination in soil, plants and groundwater revealed a spatial evolution, with an increasing trend in the Cr, Fe, Ni, Mn and Co contents in soils from the Assopos to Thiva basin, followed by C. Evia and Ni-laterite deposits, suggesting that the latter and their parent ophiolites are a potential source for these metals. In contrast, the contamination in groundwater by Cr(VI), ranging from 2 to 360 μg/L Cr, and a varying degree of salinization is probably due to both human activities and natural processes. A diverse source for the contamination of soil and groundwater in the Assopos-Thiva basins is consistent with the increasing trend of the Mg/Si ratio and Cr(VI) concentration in water. The use of deep karst-type aquifer instead of the shallow-Neogene one may provide a solution to the crucial environmental problem. The selective extraction by EDTA and alkaline solution showed that Cr and Fe are less available than Mn. The Cr contents in plants range from <1 to tens of mg/kg, due probably to the high resistance of chromite. However, the average Crtotal contents in plants/crops are higher than normal or sufficient values, whilst Crtotal accumulation [(% metals in plants × 100)/metal in soil] and Cr(VI) accumulation are relatively low. There is a very good positive correlation between accumulation factors for Cr and Fe (R2 = 0.92), suggesting a similarity concerning their uptake.


OBJECTIVE To understand sanitary condition of centralized air ventilation system in Zoucheng City.To provide a basis for strengthening health supervision and giving control measures.METHODS Dust sample in blast pipe was collected when centralized air ventilation system was off,the total content of the bacterium and fungus was examined.Air sample was collected in air-supplied outlet when centralized air ventilation system is operated.The total content of the bacterium,fungus,inhaled particle,carbon dioxide in the air were tested.RESULTS In 207 samples,the qualified rate of the content of dust was only 24.4%,the qualified rate of the total content of bacterium and fungus were 35.6% and 23.5% respectively.There was potential safety hazard in the air-inlet port,defferent level contamination existed in all the projects we monitored.CONCLUSION The centralized air ventilation system is seriously polluted,and it will do a potential threat to human health.


Abstract Security measures taken in the name of the 'war on terror' have frequently been understood to operate through a domain of exception, defined as an extra-legal space of intervention where normal rules of juridical protection and due process are suspended. Yet whilst most analyses of the exception are critically reliant on notions of legal threshold, they are largely dismissive of the potentially productive nature of legal contestation. This article inquires into the dynamic confrontation between law and exception in the context of the UN 1267 sanctions system, focusing on the Office of the Ombudsperson as an institutional experiment designed to remedy the fundamental rights deficiencies of the regime. Drawing on Agamben's analysis of the exception as a 'hybrid space' and Dyzenhaus's concept of the 'legal grey hole', our analysis of the Ombudsperson demonstrates the emergence of novel, hybrid procedures and evidentiary standards being deployed in the 1267 delisting process. First, we assess the Ombudsperson's logics of decision-making and argue that their appeals to fairness hinge on the production of a temporal chasm that legitimizes the deployment of intelligence material in listing cases. Second, we show that the Ombudsperson is in the process of carving out novel evidential standards that are more attentive to notions of inference and speculation than conventional standards of proof. These standards serve to fortify the use of sanctions as a pre-emptive security measure and do not, in principle, appear to exclude material that may be obtained by torture.


ductance of layer. These dependencies showed that hybridization appears when sheet conductance of layer (σ) exceeds some critical value σcr), the magnitude of which changes in wide range and depends on material and plate orientation. For example, for aforementioned hybrid pair A0 SH0 in potassium niobate σcr = 10−3S. If σ < σcr modes are not coupled, i.e. their dispersion curves do not repulse. When σ = σcr there appears repulsion, the degree of which increases with increase of σ and reaches maximum at σ → ∞. This conclusion was also confirmed for hybrid modes of higher order propagating in lithium niobate plates. For example, a symmetric wave S1 and shear-horizontal wave SH2 form hybrid mode for parameter hf ≈ 6000m/s with σcr = 10−6S. It has been found that degree of repulsion of dispersion curves increases with increase of electromechanical coupling coefficient of waves. This work was supported by a grant from RFBR # 01-02-16266a.


Abstract Background Today, there is a growing recognition in the scientific community of the many roles of butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) in both physiological and pathological contexts. Objective Here, we aim at providing an accurate and comprehensive understanding of the mechanistic and structural aspects of mammalian BChE inhibition by the tricyclic antidepressant amitriptyline (AMI). Materials and methods The present work involves enzyme kinetic studies as well as protein–ligand docking and interaction profiling studies. Results We verify that AMI acts as an effective, mixed-type inhibitor of mammalian BChE, with an IC50 value of 10 μM and a Ki value of 2.25 μM. We also provide evidence showing that AMI penetrates deep into the active-site gorge of BChE where it interacts noncovalently with both the choline-binding and catalytic residues. Conclusion These findings could facilitate the prevention of the adverse metabolic sequelae of acquired BChE deficiency and also the design of new reversible anticholinesterase drugs.


The authors show that for small errors in an LPC model, spectral distortion and weighted squared distortion measures in the coefficients of arbitrary one-to-one transformations of the LPC parameters are equivalent. For line spectrum pairs and immittance spectrum pairs, the weighting matrix is diagonal, which is advantageous for efficient quantisation. >


A longstanding scientific enigma exists in oligotrophic subtropical waters: it appears that bacterial respiration contributes up to 90% of total community respiration even though the contribution of bacterial biomass to total biomass is much less. It has been suggested that experimental artifacts including pre-incubation filtration procedures, applied in order to separate bacteria from the rest of the microbial community by means of sizefractionation, and long incubation times used in traditional respiration measurements may lead to erroneous rates, but few field data exist to test this hypothesis.


N -body simulations show that bars form naturally in galactic discs. This can happen even if the discs are sub-maximum, due to the contribution of the halo resonant particles. The halo is not rigid, but responds to the bar and some of its mass is in resonance with the bar. The disc particles trapped around the closed periodic orbits of the x1 family, or around the 3D orbits that bifurcate from it, emit angular momentum, which is absorbed either by particles at resonance in the outer disc or by resonant halo particles. Since the bar is a negative angular momentum perturbation, the more angular momentum it loses, the stronger it will become. Thus the strongest bars will be found in cases where the amount of angular momentum exchanged has been largest. I discuss the disc and halo properties that determine the amount of angular momentum exchanged.


Pathologic and molecular features of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) were generally not correlated with outcome in a study involving adjuvant imatinib therapy following resection of the primary tumor.


By investigating matrimony region of married women of many village in Mianzhu city, and comparing country matrimony region of pre-reform and after reform. This article gets the evolutional characteristics of matrimony district of Mianzhu city. Moreover, analyze its causes from policy, natural enviroment, social economy and culture aspects,exc. finally, the essay discusses the influence it causes and puts forward suggestions accordingly.


This article presents the three sets of questionnaires which have been originally designed and validated within a broader governmentally-funded research project to determine how CLIL schemes are playing out across a broad array of contexts (Primary and Secondary Education; urban and rural settings; public and private schools; with teachers, students, and parents). They are the first qualitative instruments whose design has been based on recent research outcomes and which have undergone a carefully controlled double-fold pilot process for their validation (external ratings approach and pilot phase with a representative sample of nearly 300 subjects). After characterizing the questions included in the surveys, along with their format and chief categories, the article goes on to describe the steps undertaken for their research-based design and the doublefold pilot process followed for their validation. The actual questionnaires are then presented (for language teachers, non-linguistic area teachers, teaching assistants, students, and parents) in a format which can directly be applied in any CLIL classroom in order to gauge how bilingual programmes are playing out at present.


Models make it possible to investigate the factors which influence forest fires and to measure their importance. Using various forest fire models, the works presented here examine the influence of weather, forest composition, human activity and changes in legislation on the likelihood of forest fire ignitions in Ticino and Valais. A distinction was made between forest fires started by flash of lightning, and those resulting from human activity. The results show that the weather has the greatest influence where lightning starts, whereas in fires caused by people, the weather takes a subordinate place to human activities. Depending on the ignition causes, different weather indices best represent the danger of forest fires: for those caused by lightning, the Duff Moisture Code (DMC) drought index, and for those started by human activity, the Angstrom Index. In order to test the general validity of forest fire ignition models these were applied to Ticino and to Valais over two different periods of time. Resul...


Abstract The population of students who are deaf/hard of hearing (D/HH) that have additional disabilities remains at over 40 per cent. One population of particular concern is the group of D/HH students with a comorbid diagnosis of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The prevalence of ASD in the D/HH population is 1 in 59 (Szymanski et al., 2012. Deaf Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 42(10):2028–37.). This is thought to be an underestimate of the actual prevalence. The presence of two language-impacting disabilities increases the need for strong evidence-based practices. A review of existing literature on educational practices for D/HH students with comorbid ASD was conducted. The purpose of this review was to identify educational practices or interventions used with this population. Further, additional aspects related to educational practices were identified that were not specifically intervention research. A Boolean search across five databases in conjunction with a hand search of literature resulted in nine reviewed articles. This review revealed a dearth of available resources and direction for teachers and professionals supporting students with comorbid D/HH and ASD. The review provided information on potential educational practices as well as implications for teacher training. Implications for future research were also outlined.


Insomnia is the most common psychiatric symptom that older adults report to their physicians. The vast majority of the existing literature on insomnia and psychiatric co-morbidity has focused on depression; little research has been conducted on the association between anxiety and insomnia in late life. It is essential to investigate this link because anxiety disorders are common among older people--perhaps more prevalent than both depression and dementia.


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to discuss the role of institutions in emerging markets by sketching out the unique institutional features of these markets and their implications for multinational corporations (MNCs). Design/methodology/approach – The study is conceptual in nature and provides an examination and interrelation of some of the key developments of institution-based research in the context of emerging market studies. Findings – This paper examines several idiosyncratic institutional features of emerging markets, including institutional voids, the relative importance of informal compared to formal institutions, institutional pressures by local governments, as well as institutional change and transitions. Practical implications – The paper discusses key effects and implications of the unique institutional environments of emerging markets for managers of MNCs, such as the relevance and importance of context, political, economic and social adaptability, as well as institutional arbitrage. S...


To explore the effects of an educational‐ counselling programme based on the precede–proceed model during pregnancy on preventing post‐partum depression.


This invention is a novel ELECTRONIC REGULATOR OF MINIMAL RESPONSE CONTROLLED hypersurface, APPLY TO CONTROL OF ELECTRONIC POWER CONVERTERS, REGULATING THE POSITION SYSTEM TO CONTROL WITH RESPECT TO A hypersurface whose equations are stored in its memory and incorporates an action block INTEGRAL , thus achieving: MINIMUM RESPONSE TIME, robustness to parameter variations PLANT AND ERROR STATIONARY VOID. REGULATOR ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS USED microprocessor based, with memory elements specially designed for this particular application.


In this article, we sutdy a multi-component Camassa-Holm-type system. By employing the characteristic method, we obtain a class of perturbational self-similar solutions with elliptical symmetry, whose velocity components are governed by the generalized Emden equations. In particular, when n = 1, these solutions constitute a generalization of that obtained by Yuen in [38]. Interestingly, numerical simulations show that the analytical solutions obtained can be used to describe the drifting phenomena of shallow water flows. In addition, the method proposed can be extended to other mathematical physics models such as higher-dimensional Hunter-Saxton equations and Degasperis-Procesi equations.


Flow-metered, in particular for the metered supply of fuel to a vehicle heating device, comprising a metering pump (10; 10a) with at least one movable between two movement end positions Dosierpumpenelement (46; 62a) and a said at least one Dosierpumpenelement (46; 62a) associated Dosierpumpenelementenantrieb (26, 32; 26a , 32a), wherein (the Dosierpumpenelementenantrieb 26, 32; 26a, 32a), a coil arrangement (26; 26a) and a driving device (32; 32a) comprises, which for moving the at least one Dosierpumpenelements (46; 62a) in at least one direction of movement the coil arrangement (26; 26a) controls to generate a magnetic force interaction, wherein the driving device (32; 32a) is adapted to the coil arrangement (26; 26a) during a Dosierpumpenelementenbewegungsvorgang corresponding drive period to control (I n driving during a drive period (I


This study aims to evaluate the corrosion resistance of carbon steel, used for carabiners manufacturing, coated with three different types of phosphate layer. The phosphate layers have been obtained by phosphate conversion coating with three different types of phosphate solutions: zinc-based solution, zinc-iron-based phosphate solution, and manganese-based phosphate solution. Additionally, the test was performed on zinc phosphate samples impregnated with molybdenum bisulfate-based oil and zinc phosphate samples further coated with a layer of elastomer-based paint. Considering the areas where the carabiners are used (civil engineering, navigation, oil industry, rescue operations, etc.), the corrosive environments studied are rainwater, Black Sea water, and fire extinguishing solution. The structure of the deposited layers was studied by scanning electron microscopy, while the interface structure between the alloy and corrosive environment was analyzed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. According to this study, the corrosion resistance of zinc-based phosphate coated samples and zinc/iron-based phosphate coated samples is higher than that of the studied carbon steel samples, despite the corrosion environment. Also, the most aggressive corrosion environment was the fire extinguishing solution.


Large system-on-chip (SoC) circuits contain increasing number of embedded processor cores while their communication infrastructures are implemented with networks-on-chip (NOC). Due to the increasing transistor and wire densities these circuits are more difficult to test, which requires that different self-diagnosis and self-test methods must be mobilized. Self-diagnosis and self-repair methods usable for invalidating at least minor manufacturing defects of the NOCs may also be needed for improving the chip yield. This paper presents a new fault-tolerant NOC with two-dimensional mesh topology for future multi-processor SoCs (MPSoC). The improved fault-tolerance is implemented with fault-diagnosis-and-repair (FDAR) system, which makes the NOC more testable and diagnosable. The FDAR can detect static, dynamic, and transient faults and repairs the faulty switches. Furthermore, it makes it possible also for the local processors to reconfigure their switch nodes to work correctly. After the reconfigurations a novel adaptive routing algorithm named fault-tolerant dimension-order-routing (FTDOR) is able to route packets adaptively in seriously faulty networks. The usage of the FTDOR makes it also possible to use all of the ports of the edge switch nodes for connecting processors to the NOC, which improves the utilization of the NOC's resources


Barium titanate (BaTiO3) is a potential ferroelectric material with high dielectric constant and widely used in electronic components such as multilayer capacitors (MLCs), PTC thermistors, piezoelectric transducers, and a variety of electro-optic devices (Dan et al 2002, Yoon et al 2006, Vijatović et al 2008, Singh et al 2011). However, the dielectric, ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties of bulk BaTiO3 depends on the crystalline structure, grain size, particle distribution, sintering density, sintering temperature, purity, etc., (Chu et al 2007, Fang et al 2011, Xie et al 2011). In order to improve the properties and application potential, recent focus is on the nanostructure BaTiO3 material (Buscaglia et al 2004, Mao et al 2010, Pavlovic et al 2011).


Critical analysis of the foundations of the theory of negative numbers is proposed. The unity of formal logic and of rational dialectics is methodological basis of the analysis. It is shown that the foundations of the theory of negative numbers contradict practice and contain formal-logical errors. The main results are as follows: a) the concept "number sign" is inadmissible one because it represents a formal-logical error; b) all the numbers are neutral ones because the number "zero" is a neutral one; c) signs "plus" and "minus" are only symbols of mathematical operations. The obtained results are the sufficient reason for the following statement. The existence of logical errors in the theory of negative numbers determines the essence of the theory: the theory is a false one.


Safety and efficiency of operation of complex high-cost means of transportation are impossible without thorough training of operators. Major attention in the process of training of the operators is devoted to the trainer-machine and methods of evaluation of the reached results of training. The author proposes a methodology for evaluation of the quality of man-operator training for operation of the complex high-cost means of transportation, aircraft, for example. In the process of realization of operators' training the trainer-machines are used for receiving signals from the filter of the second order. The filter meets the standard of a generator of a white noise. Use of a standard generator of the white noise gives a possibility to obtain valuable conclusions. The experiment of the trainer-machine was an immediate success — the results were surprising. A spectrum of the signals were received, which by the frequency and amplitude, as it was found out, were near the spectrum of the signals typical for the real conditions of a high-mobile flight of an aircraft. Evaluation of the reached results of training on the trainer-machine demon- strated the quality of stabilization and direction-control of an aircraft as far as four rather difficult problems are concerned. Those problems relate to the dynamics of an aircraft. They are described by the systems of a differentiation equation, which is the program maintenance of the trainer-machine. An operator solves the problems of the longitudinal and transversal or di-ametrical direction of a flight. The mathematical algorithm for stabilization and direction of an aircraft envisages that the ma- chine time of the operator's reaction is equal to 2 s. It is the time accepted for the standard, based on the results of a big number of experiments and thorough research. Evaluation of the reached results of training of a man-operator is based on the es- tablished facts and it ensures the minimal value of the ratio of the root-mean-square deviations of the parameters of a turbulent airflow and errors of stabilization and control of a man-operator on pitch and roll of a plane (aircraft).


A single crystal of an Fe‐30wt%Cr‐23wt%Co−1wt%Si alloy was prepared by a recrystallization process.The magnetic properties of <100≳, <110≳ and <111≳ single crystals were measured after the following heat treatment. The crystals were solution‐treated at 1300°C for 30 min and then quenched into water. They were tempered in a magnetic field of 2 KOe at 640°C, and were swaged. They were then step‐ tempered. It was found that the best magnetic properties were obtained with the <100< single crystal and were given as Br=13 KG, bHc=980 Oe and (BH)Max=8 MGOe.


"Editor's Note: Hunter Beaumont is a gneatly twpkd Gestalt teacher, Ihinker, and therapist in Germany and in Britain (which he has visited frequently over the last twelve years and where he has had a significant impact on numerous hnees and pfesslonals). He was on the faculty ard was Resident of tile h Angela Gestalt Institute Mort moving to Germany in 1980, where he was a gucst professor of psychology for three years. He has recently closed his large psychotheqeutic pactice working with individuals, couples, and families, and is concentrating on teaching in Munich 11d in other locations in Gemrany and hyond. He has long been a proponent of what he has described as 'the integrative intention of Gestalt therapy established by Paul Goodman and Fritz and Laum Perls*. Accordingly, in this complex and intawTi11g inwew, he discusses his need - in ol.rlw to be clinically effective -to intepate ohm methcds and concepts into his everall Gestalt-based perspective: notably. object relations, Masterson's work on bo&rline precess, Eiicksonian hypnotherapy, and most recently he imovative work of the family systems therapist and Wrist, Bert Hellinger. Hunter Besumlt has translated ad edited the first major hk on HelIingervs work in English (hue 's Hidden Symmetry by Bert Hellingw with Gunthard Weber and Hunter Beaumont, 1998, Zeig, Tucker and Co., Phmix, Arizona, USA). In his far-ranging interview, among many other topics, Hunter Beaumont describes his early experiences of Gestalt thqy; how he believes the ""d' and its movements are essential for tRe thempist to attend to phenomenologically; and the molutionary thinking of Hellinga's approach to wmhg with the struclums of the field - i.c. its in-built 'orders' - which consbrain arPd permit the flow of love and energy beten family members. He desniks tmw worlang with family entanglements, sometimes across several generations, can be an additional focus of psychotherapeutic work which complements other approsclles. We rn delighted to pubIish this conmversial interview with one of Gestal~ therapy's most indepdent-nundd and inkgrative thinkers."


The services of ecological land-use land-cover (LULC) changes, mostly unplanned, have emerged as one of the drastic problems the world is facing in recent times. These changes often manifest in the form of environmental/ ecosystem degradation, water shortage, declining food security and ecosystem service recession globally. One of the most dominant forces responsible for changing the global landscape includes the changes in LULC as prompted by a string of interconnected forces. The services of ecological systems and the natural capital stocks that produce them are critical to the functioning of the earth's life-support system. These issues made us to conduct this study to primarily focus on various LULC changes and their impact on ecosystem services in Jammu & Kashmir, India by employing secondary data with effect from 1960-61 to 2020-21. It was observed that the most notable changes of land use were observed in the form of increase in farmland and a decline in grassland. In proportionate terms while the farmland has increased by 22.4 per cent, the grassland has lost 1.4 per cent of area (64000 ha). The study revealed that the major/valuable land-use classes i.e., farmland and forest provide more ecosystem services than other land classes like barren/built-up, grassland and lakes/water bodies etc. Furthermore, results revealed that forest land-use class generate appreciably higher ecosystem services values generating 84.5 per cent of total value from all different land-use classes during 2020. During the past over six-decade period, the total economic value on the whole has declined by 1.09 million dollars between 1960 and 2020. Meanwhile, the total economic value of farm land and marshy land increased by 0.44 and 0.28 million dollars, respectively on account of increase in area under these land types. The individual ecosystem service like soil generation and fertility followed by the gas regulation provides more ecosystem services than other. The LULC changes have been driven by various forces ranging from physical, socio-economic/demographic factors resulting in pressures on land with various environmental effects and their outcomes. The study outlines for implementation of holistic land-use planning through proper balancing of human needs with integration of sustainable ecosystems.


Ever since the first coal-fire electric generator was installed in 1888, Taiwan's power grid has continued to grow to meet the needs of its people. In 1904, the first hydroelectric power station was commissioned in the suburb of Taipei. Several small-scale, privately-owned electric companies flourished since then, before they were all consolidated and became Taiwan Power Corporation (台灣電力株式會社) in July 31, 1919, a corporation co-owned by the Taiwan Governor-General Office, the executive power during the colonial years, and several civilian organizations. This corporation initiates the construction of many generation facilities, including the SunMoon Lake Hydroelectric Power Station, a very critical pump storage facility in Taiwan's power system, and the integration of transmission/distribution network previously belong to various small power companies. Its generation capacity reached 320 MW in 1944. After the end of the World War II, it was re-organized in 1946 and became Taiwan Power Company (TPC,台灣電力公司), a state-owned monopoly and the only power company in this country that operates the generation facilities, transmission/distribution network, and the retailing till today. TPC's network is a typical south-north longitudinal and isolated system as illustrated in Fig. 1. Major load centers are located in the northern part of Taiwan and most of the power are supplied from the central and southern area through three parallel 345 kV corridors. In 2011, the total generation capacity of TPC has reached 40.25 GW as described in Table 1.


In West Germany the `information disaster' after Chernobyl offered an opportunity to study the credibility of different information sources. A representative survey conducted in May 1987 of the West German population showed that on average the Federal Government—although heavily criticized because of its information policy and risk management—was rated most credible while the nuclear industry was judged least credible. On the whole, mean credibility ratings differed surprisingly little between sources; ratings of competence and public interest orientation varied more. These variables, interpreted as the classical credibility factors `expertise' and `trustworthiness', were important predictors of credibility. But beliefs and expectations recipients posess about individual sources also appear to influence credibility.


Summary form only given. In 2-dimensional wire-cylinder reactor, the influence of electric field and charged particle density is simulated. Poisson equation for the electric field and continuity equation was calculated to find out the temporal evolution of streamer corona using FEM-FCT method. Also the temporal distribution of radicals was calculated using Runge-Kutta method. A bidirectional pulsed voltage was applied to remove noxious flue-gas efficiently.