Plasma flowfields and performances of an MPD thruster (MY-II thruster), which uses hydrogen as a propellant, are studied by solving axi-symmetrical two-dimensional magnetoplasmadynamic equations. The three-temperature model including the translation Ttr, vibration Tvib, and electron Te temperatures is incorporated into the flow solver. When the mass flow rate (m) is 1.37g/s, there is reasonable agreement on the thrust with measured data, especially at a discharge current (Jdis) of 7, 8kA. Under the conditions of m = 0.4g/s and Jdis = 5kA, the calculated thrust, specific impulse and thrust efficiency are 7.50N, 1,911s and 21.3% (without considering sheath voltage drop), respectively. The calculated flow shows a temperature nonequilibrium state (Te = 2.53eV, Tvib = 1.32eV, Ttr = 0.60eV) at the edge of the straight part, and it is found that the relaxation time between the vibration and the electron energy is equal to the characteristic time of the flow at (z, r) = (30mm, 20mm). Along the symmetrical axis, the dissociation and ionization fractions reach 1.0 (fully dissociation) and 0.2, respectively. Because the discharge current path by the three-temperature model can explain the important feature of hydrogen MPD (current expansion to the downstream), it is concluded that the three-temperature model can reproduce the experimental results.


The invention provides a solid-state imaging device, a method for manufacturing the solid-state imaging device and an imaging apparatus including the same. A solid-state imaging device includes, in a semiconductor substrate, a pixel portion provided with a photoelectric conversion portion, which photoelectrically converts incident light to obtain an electric signal and a peripheral circuit portion disposed on the periphery of the pixel portion, wherein a gate insulating film of a MOS transistor in the peripheral circuit portion is composed of a silicon oxynitride film, a gate insulating film of a MOS transistor in the pixel portion is composed of a silicon oxynitride film, and an oxide film is disposed just above the photoelectric conversion portion in the pixel portion. The invention canprevent from generating the tunnel current so as to improve the transistor properties at the peripheral circuit portion and the pixel portion and prevent the white defects and the dark current deterioration owing to the fixed charges in the photoelectric conversion portion so as to improve the image quality.


The whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) is a globally distributed species complex that includes several destructive pests of agriculture. In recent years, the high ability of B. tabaci to develop insecticide resistance indicates that using insecticides to control this pest has become unsustainable. Use of natural enemies as part of integrated management approaches is considered a key strategy for long term sustainable control. Here we investigated the effects of host species on the performance of a parasitoid. We tested this using Encarsia formosa Gahan (Hymenoptera Aphelinidae) and two members from B. tabaci species complex, MEAM1 and AsiaII7. The parasitoids were reared using MEAM1 or AsiaII7 hosts feeding on hibiscus. Those maintained on MEAM1 are referred to as M-E. formosa and those on AsiaII7 as A-E. formosa. Results showed that there were no significant differences between the pre-imaginal developmental times of M-E. formosa and A-E. formosa regardless of their whitefly hosts. However, M-E. formosa emergence rate after parasitism on MEAM1 was higher than that of A-E. formosa parasitizing MEAM1. On the contrary, A-E. formosa emergence rate after parasitism on AsiaII7 was higher than that observed for M-E. formosa parasitizing AsiaII7. In no-choice experiments, M-E. formosa females parasitized MEAM1 and AsiaII7 hosts in a similar rate but A-E. formosa parasitized less MEAM1 than AsiaII7 hosts. In choice experiments, M-E. formosa females parasitized more MEAM1 than AsiaII7 hosts and A-E. formosa parasitized AsiaII7 and MEAM1 hosts equally. These parasitism rates mirrored for the host checking and oviposition behavior of different E. formosa strains. Our results indicate that B. tabaci species does not influence parasitoid development period until adulthood, but that pre-imaginal experience is important for emergence rate, parasitism rate and behavior of E. formosa adults.


Many PGW veterans (on the order of 100,000) have participated in health registries through the VA or DoD, and most of these veterans report having health problems. A variety of studies have characterized the symptoms and diagnoses in PGW veterans. Table 5.1 shows, as an example, the most frequent principal diagnoses in PGW registry personnel as of February 1997 (n = 74,653). Findings, while generally consistent, vary somewhat with the wording and category boundaries employed to define the symptoms and diagnoses.


QUE93069 [I] is the 10th distinct lunar meteorite and the Apollo 1 1 25th anniversary lunar sample. It is a highlands regolith breccia that is more mature than the other highlands lunar meteorites. Based on partial analyses, its composition is similar to, but distinct from, that of MAC8810415. Similarities in lithophile elements suggest similar protoliths, while differences in siderophile elements and I a e O require distinct regolith histories. Samples and Analyses. We were allocated a 300 mg bulk sample of QUE93069 (, 17) and a 100 um thick section (,34) for extraction of clasts. Our sample description is based on a library thin section (3). We split our bulk specimen for analyses. The clasts were too small to separate fiom the glassy matrix so we broke up the sample and hand-picked a clast-rich sample, a coarse clast-poor sample, and fine material. These samples were fbrther split for INAA, RNAA and FBEMPA. The fbsed bead portion of the fine sample was analyzed by FMR to determine maturity. We have done preliminary INAA on the three samples, but final data and other analyses are not yet complete. Petrography. QUE93069 is a glassy matrix breccia containing numerous clasts which are seriate in size. The matrix consists of light to dark brown glass and very fine grained mineral fragments. Numerous glass spheres and fragments are evidence that the meteorite is a regolith breccia. Most of the glass spheres are colorless, but a few are orange. The breccia also has scattered tiny particles of metallic iron. The metal distribution is not uniform; some clasts are enriched and others depleted compared to the matrix. The two largest clasts are fine-grained granulitic breccias and the next largest clasts are fine-grained impact melts. None of the clasts preserve obvious igneous texture. Surface Maturity. Ferromagnetic resonance measurements were taken on the fine portion of the bulk sample. IslFeO was calculated using the INAA FeO data. The value of I a e O is 34 units, which is within the submature range for lunar soils (30-60; [Z]). This is much higher than any of the other lunar meteorites. Our new value for MAC88105 is < 0.8 units and reported value for ALHAS 1005 is 5 units [3], both of which are immature. Geochemistry. Partial INAA data for our three subsamples of QUE93069 are reported in the table and compared to mean compositions of the other highland lunar meteorites. Our partial major element analyses for fine and coarse bulk samples are essentially identical to Mason's [I] analysis of fusion crust. The meteorite is clearly a very feldspar-rich highland breccia. For essentially all elements measured the compositions of fine and coarse subsarnples are very similar to each other and distinct from that of the clast-rich subsarnple. The distinctions between these bulk and clast-rich samples are minor, however, except for the siderophile elements. Ni, Co, Ir, and Au concentrations are about a factor of two higher in the clast-rich sample. Comparison with other highland meteorites shows that concentrations of major elements and lithophile compatible elements in bulk samples are very similar to those of MAC88 10415 and Y86032, the two most feldspathic lunar meteorites. Concentrations of incompatible and siderophile elements distinguish these three lunar breccias. Incompatible concentrations in QUE93069 are about 25% higher than in MAC8810415, which are in turn a factor of two higher than in Y86032. Internal variations in each sample are much smaller than variations between


The Mediterranean region and in particular the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) are characterised by the scarcity of their land resources suitable for biomass production due to aridity, inherently poor and human-degraded soils – especially in the mountainous areas – as well as limited rainfall and water supplies (Vianey et al., 2015). The cultivated area could increase by improving the availability of water, as for instance in Egypt (between Cairo and Alexandria and in the Matrouh region). However, in a water-stressed region like the Mediterranean that is significantly affected by climate change (CC) impacts, these examples are exceptions and not the norm. Reports of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and other organisations involved in climate change scenarios in the Mediterranean region make no mention of the opportunity that the possible increase in water availability and arable land will present in the coming decades. In very limited cases, such as in Syria, before the political and social unrest rehabilitation actions were undertaken to bring new land into production through the building of terraces in rocky areas in order to grow olives and fruit trees. However, these interventions are costly, and require further investments for the soil to remain productive.


In horizontal ground source heat pumps (GSHPs) systems heat exchangers are located underground horizontally and a heat carrying medium is circulated within the exchanger, transferring the heat from or to the ground via a heat pump. The horizontal ground source heat pumps configuration is usually the most cost-effective when adequate yard space is available and trenches are easy to dig, especially while a building is under construction. The aim of this study is to model trends in temperatures around a real GSHP system under the influence of several weather parameters, including solar radiation, thermal radiation, and convective heat transfer, at the ground surface. The experimental ground source heat pump plant is installed at the Caleffi Research Center (Piedmont Region, NW Italy) and involves a network of pipes buried 1 m below the surface, covering an area of about 210 m2. A numerical simulation model that considered the energy balance at the ground surface is developed using the finite-element Comsol Multiphysics® package; Fig. 1 shows a schematic view of the 3D model geometry. Heat transfer processes at the ground surface included those due to variable wind speed, air temperature, solar radiation, and long-wave radiation. The thermal field is solved with transient conditions by determining the ground temperature distribution. Model results are compared with experimental temperature data, which are collected with a monitoring system comprised of five recording thermometers, positioned about 80 cm below the ground surface. The thermometers are located at the four corners and at the center of the area. Simulations are performed for one year operation. In general, good agreement is obtained between the measured and simulated values of the ground temperatures (Fig. 2). Present work aims to investigate the effects that buildings may have on the operation of horizontal ground heat exchangers. A not negligible effect due to heat interaction with the building is detected. These interactions are further investigated using the numerical model. The results showed that the presence of buildings near the exchangers influenced the temperature trend through the subsoil and, consequently, GSHP performance. Therefore, the modeling assumption of a vertical adiabatic surface may be inappropriate, especially when the application to urban environment is analyzed


In a four-year trial (1998-2001) the effect of the harvest time on production of two different sugar beet variety types (the Z-type variety Elan and the NE-type variety Epos) grown in five variants of nitrogen fertilisation (N 0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 kg ha 1 ) was evaluated. Two variants (N 50 and 150 kg ha -1 ) were also treated with the fungicide Alert S. Sugar beet was harvested at two different times: at the beginning of the beet processing season and four weeks later. The postponement of the time of harvest (by 27 days) increased root yields in average by 11.35 t ha -1 (19.4%; statistically significant at α=0.01). There were no significant differences in tops yields between the harvest times. The effect of harvest time on sugar content and the content of melassigenic substances in sugar beet roots depended on the particular year. White sugar yields increased with the postponement of the time of harvest by 1.69 t ha 1 (or 18.5%; statistically significant at α=0.01). This meant an average increase of 62.6 kg ha -1 of sugar (or 0.69%) for each day of the postponement of the time of harvest. The positive effect of nitrogen fertilisation and fungicide treatment on root yield became apparent only at the later harvest time. The sugar content in both varieties diminished with the increasing dose of nitrogen fertiliser. The highest white sugar yield in our conditions was achieved at the later harvest of the sugar beet fertilised with 50 kg N ha -1 and treated with the fungicide. The fungicide spray allowed for a healthy photosynthetic system and the nitrogen dose of 50 kg ha 1 was sufficient for high root yields as well as for high sugar content.


Marine scientists often assess habitats to understand the distribution and relative abundance of marine resources. Due to the spatial nature of habitats and associated temporal changes, however, assimilating data using traditional analytical methods is often difficult. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are proving to be effective tools to help address problems inherent in the analysis of spatial data. GIS can be used to effectively collate, archive, display, analyze, and model spatial and temporal data. Additionally, by combining dissimilar data types, such as socio-political boundaries, bottom types? and fish distributions, for example, resource managers can use GIS to make informed management decisions. In this way, GIS provides resource managers with a means to integrate scientific data with prevailing cultural values and traditions. We have developed a working GIS for the Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary that allows interpretation of many terrestrial and marine data sets, including inter-tidal monitoring data, permit locations, seabird strandings, fisheries catch data, habitat types, marine political boundaries, as well as land cover classification from satellite imagery, watersheds, streams, roads, and political boundaries. We have linked terrestrial and marine data to create a broad spatial and temporal database that will be used in a variety of ways such as evalua%ing natural processes, permitting and monitoring coastal development and assessing environmental impac%s (e.g. oil spills).


The present investigation was carried out to develop an efficient in vitro protocol for production of healthy quality planting material of strawberry. Nodal segment of strawberry gave rise to multiple shoots when cultured on MS medium supplemented with different concentration of kinetin and BAP with IAA and NAA. The highest response of shoot multiplication was obtained in MS medium containing 2.5 mg/l kinetin+0.1 mg/l IAA. The regenerated shoots were rooted in half strength MS medium with IBA, IAA, NAA and control (without growth regulators). The highest number of roots was produced in half strength MS medium 1.0 mg/l NAA, however, maximum root length and rooting percentage were obtained in medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/l IBA. The plantlets, thus developed, were hardened and successfully established in mixture of coco peat, vermiculite and perlite in ratio of 3: 1: 1. The plants raised through this technique exhibited normal growth and fruit setting.


The employment probability is a significant determinant of the worker's wage rate, expecially in the presence of employers' hiring discrimination. Several tests suggest that the omission of this variable in the wage regression may lead to misspecification.


The topics Training, Research and Learning Environments, represent the central themes of volume XIV, inherent in investigative and reflexive processes. All of them make it clear that education is an adventure. Some chapters address reflections and experiences in terms of training, both in research and in other fields and practices of knowledge and knowledge. Some more analyze topics related to research and the processes of appropriation, generation and use of knowledge. And others more orbit on didactic and methodological experiences and processes with the technological resource and other devices, to strengthen the learning in given domains of knowledge.


The information presented in this report was obtained from studies on 21 patients who were admitted to the Osaka University Hospital in late August and early September 1945 suffering from an alarming malady designated atomic bomb disease by the Japanese. I observed, examined and followed approximately half of the patients, while information on the remaining patients was taken from the hospital records. The patients selected for presentation do not include those receiving severe blast injuries or extensive external burns at the time of the explosion. Included are patients who received minor or no injuries or burns during those catastrophic days at Hiroshima and Nagasaki but who subsequently developed severe clinical manifestations, which in 5 instances resulted in death. Seventeen of the patients herein presented experienced the atomic bombing at Hiroshima, Japan, on August 6, 1945, while the remaining 4 were victims of the Nagasaki explosion on Aug. 9, 1945. The


With concerns about terrorism and global security on the rise, it has become vital to have in place efficient threat detection systems that can detect and recognize potentially dangerous situations, and alert the authorities to take appropriate action. Of particular significance is the case of unattended objects in mass transit areas. This paper describes a general framework that recognizes the event of someone leaving a piece of baggage unattended in forbidden areas. Our approach involves the recognition of four sub-events that characterize the activity of interest. When an unaccompanied bag is detected, the system analyzes its history to determine its most likely owner(s), where the owner is defined as the person who brought the bag into the scene before leaving it unattended. Through subsequent frames, the system keeps a lookout for the owner, whose presence in or disappearance from the scene defines the status of the bag, and decides the appropriate course of action. The system was successfully tested on the i-LIDS dataset.


A detailed study fusion of neutron-rich colliding nuclei is performed using various isospin dependent potentials. For present study, Three different series namely, Ne-Ne, Ca-Ca, and Zr-Zr are taken into account and N/Z ratio.A monotonous increase (decrease) in the fusion barrier positions (heights) using a unified second order nonlinear parametrization in the normalized fusion barrier positions and heights with (N/Z-1) is presented. These predications are in good agreement with the available theoretical as well as experimental results.


It is hoped that the reader has acquired some appreciation of the problems, yet power of quantitative depth profiling using secondary ion mass spectrometry. The technique needs standards to obtain the accuracy needed for most of the applications at which it has excelled, and no doubt, this is a serious problem. Yet, in the field of analytical chemistry there exist very few techniques which exhibit quantitative accuracies in the 10-20% range without the use of standards, (techniques such as atomic absorbtion certainly require standards). These problems with quantitation are more than made up for by the technique's sub-ppm sensitivity, and universal applicability in terms of both sample type and elemental coverage, especially when one considers that this degree of sensitivity and accuracy is obtainable with depth resolution in the 50100 A range.


Universal ethic is a problem with Kant's strong color,when Kant questioned how universal and inevitable moral did happen,it marked the beginning of universal ethic as foundational question.On the basis of the priori practical reason,Kant realized the communication between moral subjectivity and universality,completed the human desire for universal ethic.Kant's theory is not only a representative,the iconic theory,but also is a fundamental theory,has a huge impact on the later development of western ethical thoughts.Some modern rationalists inherited and deepened Kant's universal moral thought,in the process of plotting universal moral,such as Habermas.In essence,they did not escape from Kant's context.Under the competitive discussion of universal ethic,we explore Kant's universal rationalism moral system in great depth,which has important significance to develop research of the universal ethic.


In the 1960ies children were described as therapeutic orphans, but without consequence until the 1990ies. Today pharmaceutical industry is expected to consider potential use of new drugs in children. Pediatric assessments are mandatory in US and a comparable EU legislation is discussed. In 2002, implementation of pediatric aspects into drug development was analyzed in Novartis by a cross-functional team. A pediatric strategy was decided. An internal pediatric advisory group was established spring 2003. It coordinates implementation of pediatric aspects into standard development plans and has built up an internal training program in pediatric drug development. The EU commission wants pediatric data at submission. We analyzed this in the content of ICHE11 (guideline on drug development in children), which lists serious diseases in children only, serious diseases affecting both adults & children, and other diseases. The first two scenarios justify early development in children. Exposure of children to new experimental drugs is ethical only for life threatening conditions without acceptable therapeutic alternative. In this case, major development blocks are shifted to earlier stages, e.g. preclinical safety & toxicology and pediatric formulation. Higher investments at early project stages increase overall drug development costs. Project teams have to carefully balance potential therapeutic value, ethical concerns, risks and business considerations. Scenario (3) with deferral at registration point and a commitment to pediatric development later will mostly be the routine. In the complex modern drug development the introduction of pediatric thinking is a major challenge. It requires internal training and organized exchange of knowledge & experience. The decision for early pediatric development will probably be the exception reserved for therapeutic brake-throughs, but a careful analysis of pediatric aspects at several development decisions points is becoming integral part of drug development.


The chaclophile and redox-sensitive selenium isotope system may contribute to constrain the role of subduction zone processes on the terrestrial chalcophile element cycle. It has recently been shown that Se isotope compositions of Mariana lavas are more variable than ambient mantle, but with overall lighter values relative to the Mariana pre-subduction wedge [1]. This was interpreted to result from subarc mantle wedge refertilization by in light Se isotope-enriched components derived from subducted deep-sea sediments and sulfidebearing altered oceanic crust. In this study, we provide the first Se isotope data for a coherent suite of prograde high-pressure/low-temperature (HP/LT) metamorphic rocks from the Raspas Complex, SW Ecuador. This suite resembles a paramount example for a structurally pristine but extensively metamorphosed slice of oceanic lithosphere deeply subducted and subsequently exhumed without significant retrograde overprint [2]. Relative to Se reference solution NIST3149 and with an analytical precision of ±0.15 ‰ (2SD), eclogites show very variable δ82/76Se values between −2.05 to +0.33 ‰. Eclogite values therefore significantly extend to much lower δ82/76Se compared to those recently reported for N-type MORB from the Pacific Antarctic Ridge (-0.15±0.14 ‰, n=4) [3]. Samples with heavier Se isotope compositions also show elevated concentrations of large ion lithophile elements U, K, Rb, Cs and other fluid-mobile elements, such as Pb and Sb. In addition, δ82/76Se values negatively correlate with Ce normalized to the concentration of any of these fluid mobile elements. High-pressure serpentinites show rather uniform Se isotope compositions with an average δ82/76Se of 0.27±0.35 ‰ (n=3). The most characteristic feature is that δ82/76Se vs Ce/Pb of eclogites span the entire range from lowest Ce/Pb and highest δ82/76Se, to highest Ce/Pb and lowest δ82/76Se of subducted serpentinites. In this presentation we will discuss these Se isotope systematics of subducted HP/LT rocks in the context of their trace element and petrogenetic features. We then reconcile these with published data for Mariana arc lavas which may further improve our understanding of chalocphile element cycling in subduction zones.


In this paper, I utilize cross--sectional weighted least square regressions to extract market value weighted zero--cost portfolios that are based on firm characteristics from both individual firm excess returns and risk--adjusted excess returns. The analysis shows that the value weighted size and book--to--market cross--sectional regression zero--cost portfolios have effectively the same explanatory power as the Fama French 3 factor model constructed from portfolio sorts. I compare their performance using the Fama French 25 size and book--to--market portfolios as test assets, and present evidence that the zero--cost portfolios extracted from cross--sectional regressions of risk--adjusted excess returns on firm characteristics do not have any significant explanatory power when tested on the combined Fama French 25 size and book--to--market and 30 industry portfolios. This empirical finiding implies that individual firm risk--adjusted returns do not exhibit any statistically significant cross--sectional difference related to firm characteristics. Consistent with such interpretation, the risk--adjusted value weighted cross--sectional factors have very low correlation with the original Fama French 3 factors. Moreover, this empirical result provides suggestive evidence that risk adjustment of excess returns is effective in capturing the cross--sectional difference in firms' expected returns. Finally, I perform a formal time series test to compare the cross-sectional regression factors based on excess returns and risk--adjusted excess returns; I conclude that there is very little correlation between the two, indicating that loadings on the factors capture the cross--section of expected returns.


The goal of the project is to predict the year in which a certain piece of music was created. We used a subset of Million Song Dataset written for standardized tests to train different models including Naive Bayes Classifier, Generalized Linear Model, Random Forest, and Gradient Boosting Machine. Comparisons are made based on the results(mean square error and feature importance) from various training sizes and different models.


Abstract New, efficient, and a cheap method for the removal of ferrous ion from aqueous in a fluidized bed reactor was developed. Different from the adsorption process in the treatment of iron species, the immobilization of iron oxide on support media in a fluidized bed never reaches saturation. Furthermore, the immobilized iron oxide is reusable in catalysis and adsorption. Silica sand (Si) and iron oxide (SiG) were employed as support media to remove Fe(II) from aqueous in a fluidized bed reactor. The oxidation rate of Fe(II) and the immobilization rate of iron oxide are strongly depend on pH value so the variation of solution pH is considered to be the major parameter. Furthermore, the aeration effect on iron removal efficiency is investigated. 97% of total iron was removed at pH 8 in the presence of SiG and 87% of total iron was removed at pH 6 in the presence of Si. When the initial pH was adjusted to 6 and was not adjusted during the reactions, the optimum total iron removal efficiency (97%) was found. The air aeration was provided to keep the dissolved oxygen in constant. Aeration air accelerates the oxidation of ferrous ion, but does not improve the total iron removal efficiency.


In this article, we introduce a set of technologies that lay the foundation for a service-oriented integration of smart contracts into generic software applications. In particular, we showcase the use of three specifications using a typical supply chain scenario.


High temperature, high strain and high strain-rate of metal material in machining were not easy to get with a general measure method, which made it quite difficult to establish the dynamic constitutive model. To solve this problem, a combined modeling method based on "single factor" flow stress formula calculating and FEM simulation was proposed. The flow stress was repeated by calculated using the "single factor" flow stress formula, the metal machining process was simulated interatively with new flow stress. When simulating value was in good consistent with experimental result, the "three-high" data and flow stress data were obtained. By analyzing these data, it indicates that strain-rate can enhance the flow stress, while temperature will lower flow stress, and after remained in a steady state, each stress—strain curve will be parallel to the strain coordinate axis. Zerilli-Armstrong experience model was selected correspondingly. With the non-liner regression analysis, a dynamic constitutive model of aviation aluminum-alloy material during milling process was established. At last, the constitutive model is proved to be reasonable through test verification.


particulier, la logistique voit ses adversaires se grouper autour du formalisme de Peano et de Hilbert, et de l 'intuitionnisme de Brouwer et de Weyl" is difficult to understand. I t contradicts both the-author's own previous mention of Peano and the prevalent estimate of Hilbert and his school as major contributors to mathematical logic. Even the Brouwerians are adversaries of logistic only in the sense tha t they regard its r61e as secondary to tha t of mathematical intuit ion; they have made their share of technical contributions to the subject. The author contends that mathematical logic has some special connection with empiricism or nominalism in philosophy, and tha t formal modifications may be required in order to free it of its nominalistic implications. Apparently the system of Principia mathematica is meant, since, besides precursors, no other system is given substantial mention (a brief reference to modal logics and to semantics suggests tha t these are considered to be departures from logistic proper). Whether the contention is meant in a purely historical sense or otherwise is not clear. I t seems to the reviewer to be in any case hardly tenable.


Art Gymnastics costume's colourway is one of the focuses of the vision; it is also the main fact of catching the audience and influencing the judges' grade. Compare with the countries, Art Gymnastics costume's colourway in our country is not very good, it influences the whole art vision. With the Olympic Game comes, from the angle of color and design, Enhance the study of Art Gymnastics costume's colourway should be became an important work to contract the distance between our country and the west countries.


The effects of annealing temperature on the microstructure and initial permeability of nanocrystalline alloy Fe_73.5Cu_1Mo_3Si_13.5B_9 have been investigated using x-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission election microscopy (TEM) in this paper. In the annealing temperature range of 460–540 °C, the crystalline phase in the nanocrystalline alloy Fe_73.5Cu_1Mo_3Si_13.5B_9 is the α-Fe(Si) with a DO_3 superstructure, and it has a grain size of,14 nm. The volume fraction, Si content, and degree of order of the α-Fe(Si) phase increase with increasing the annealing temperature. The DO_3 ordered region in the a-Fe(Si) grain is approximately spherical; its size increases as the annealing temperature increases. There is an obvious change in the microstructure of the residual amorphous phase with the annealing temperature. Both the microstructure of the α-Fe(Si) phase and that of the residual amorphous phase have effects on the initial permeability of nanocrystalline alloy Fe_73.5Cu_1Mo_3Si_13.5B_9.


Isolation of 2-methylisoborneol (2-MIB) degrading bacteria from environmental water and sediment had been tried and the following results were obtained.2-MIB degrading bacterium (Strain S6) isolated from a pond sediment was identified as Pseudomonas sp.The strain formed colonies about 1mm in diameter after 5 days incubation at 25°C. The strain could degrade more than 90% of 4 mg·l-1 2-MIB in 4 days under an aerobic condition. The degradation of 2-MIB by the strain was proved to be co-metabolism. The strain could partly degrade 2-MIB in autoclaved river water and sediment. Ethanol assimilating bacteria could degrade 2-MIB partly through the acidification of culture media when incubated in ethanol containing media.


This article was related to the Chinese music aesthetics,and it summarized and affirmed its theorical achievements in 60 years,introspection and self-criticism of the problems existed in Chinese music aesthetics in 60 years,explored the new space for development of this subject,described and scientific constructed the system of Chinese music aesthetics,it was a certain theoretical significance and practical value.


Influence of complex NaCl/KCl and CaCl2/KCl additives (with molar ratios 1:1 and 0.75:0.25, respectively) with low melting temperatures on structure, dielectric and polar properties of ceramic solid solutions on the base of the composition from Morphotropic Phase Boundary in the system (1-x)BiScO3 - xPbTiO3 with x = 0.645 (BSPT) was studied. Using the initial BSPT powders prepared from nitrates solutions dense single phase ceramic samples doped by the additives in amounts 5–15 w.% were obtained at 1050°C (2 h). The shift of initial BSPT composition from mixture of rhombohedral and tetragonal phases to tetragonal in case of the NaCl/KCl additives and to pseudocubic (rhombohedral) in case of the CaCl2/KCl additives was observed. Slight increase in the Curie temperature TC value from 673 to 681-679 K initiated by the addition of K+ ions into A site of perovskite lattice was observed in the samples doped by the NaCl/KCl additives, while monotonous decrease of the TC value was typical of the compositions doped by the CaCl2/KCl additives.


A result from MINOS seemed to indicate that the mass splitting and mixing angle of anti-neutrinos is different from that of neutrinos, suggesting a charge-parity-time (CPT) violation in the lepton sector. However, more recent MINOS data reduced the νμ– differences leading to a narrow discrepancy nearly compatible with no CPT violation. However, the last few years of OPERA activity on the appearance of a tau lepton (one unique event) still has not been probed and more tools may be required to disentangle a list of parameters (μ–τ flavor mixing, tau appearance, any eventual CPT violation, θ13 angle value, and any hierarchy neutrino mass). Atmospheric anisotropy in muon neutrino spectra in the DeepCore, at ten to tens of GeV (unpublished), can hardly reveal asymmetry in the eventual νμ– oscillation parameters. Here we considered how the longest baseline neutrino oscillation available, crossing most of Earth's diameter, may improve the measurement and at best disentangle any hypothetical CPT violation occurring between the earliest (2010) and the present (2012) MINOS bounds (with 6σ a year), while testing τ and even the appearance of at the highest rate. The νμ and disappearance correlated with the tau appearance is considered for those events at the largest distances. We thus propose a beam of νμ and crossing through the Earth, within an OPERA-like experiment from CERN (or Fermilab), in the direction of the IceCube–DeepCore ν detector at the South Pole. The ideal energy lies at 21 GeV to test the disappearance or (for any tiny CPT violation) the partial appearance. Such a tuned detection experiment may lead to a strong signature of τ or generation even within its neutral current noise background events: nearly one or two τ a day. The tau appearance signal is above (or within) 10σ a year, even for a 1% OPERA-like experiment. Peculiar configurations for θ13 and the hierarchy neutrino mass test may also be better addressed by a DeepCore–PINGU array detector beaming νμ and observing νe at 6 GeV neutrino energy windows.


Abstract BrF5 can be prepared by treating BrF3 with fluorine under UV light in the region of 300 to 400 nm at room temperature. It was analyzed by UV‐Vis, NMR, IR and Raman spectroscopy. Its crystal structure was redetermined by X‐ray diffraction, and its space group was corrected to Pnma. Quantum‐chemical calculations were performed for the band assignment of the vibrational spectra. A monoclinic polymorph of BrF5 was quantum chemically predicted and then observed as its low‐temperature modification in space group P21/c by single crystal X‐ray diffraction. BrF5 reacts with the alkali metal fluorides AF (A=K, Rb) to form alkali metal hexafluoridobromates(V), A[BrF6] the crystal structures of which have been determined. Both compounds crystallize in the K[AsF6] structure type (R 3‾ , no. 148, hR24). For the species [BrF6]+, BrF5, [BrF6]−, and [IF6]−, the chemical bonds and lone pairs on the heavy atoms were investigated by means of intrinsic bond orbital analysis.


Chaos is studied in the research of heart system.Data analysis of ECG signals is carried out utilizing Lyapunov characteristic exponents.The data of healthy people and three heart disease patients are compared and analyzed based on the computing method of Lyapunov characteristic exponents in chaos detection system and phase space reconstruction.Simulation results indicate that the chaos differences of healthy heart and pathological heart are identified,using Lyapunov characteristic exponents.The study provides auxiliary diagnosis for early stage cardiac patients.


Judge Dee Mysteries,which is written by Robert Hansvan Gulik,the Dutch Sinologist,is an adaption of Di Gong An which is an novel about legal case in Qing dynasty,but their narrative points of view are different.The latter mainly follows the traditional omniscience pattern,while the former inherits the limited understanding and impersonal discourse pattern in the west whodunits,and sometimes adopts omniscience pattern just as Chinese ancient novels did.In this way,Gulik succeed in paraphrasing the subject matter about legal case which is rooted in Chinese ancient popular literature,and provided a valuable experience to the novel's writting at the time of turn.


Accurately predicting air pollutant levels is very important for mitigating their effects. Prediction models usually fail to predict sudden large increases or decreases in pollutant levels. Conventional measures for the assessment of the performance of air pollutant prediction models provide an overall assessment of model behavior, but do not explicitly address model behavior when large changes are observed. In our work, we propose a method to automatically label the observed large changes. We also propose two visualization methods and two measures that can help assess model performance when sudden large changes in pollutant levels occur. The developed measures enable the assessment of model performance only for large changes (MAE of large changes), or weigh the model residuals by the rate of change (WErr), making the evaluation measures "cost-sensitive". To show the value of the novel evaluation and visualization methods, we employ them in the evaluation of three empirical examples—different statistical models used in real-life settings and a popular atmospheric dispersion model. The proposed visualizations and measures can be a valuable complement to conventional model assessment measures when the prediction of large changes is as important as (even if they are rare) or more important than predictions of other levels.


Africa's economic crisis is too important, and too deep-seated, to be understood and coped with by economic analysis alone. Such a crisis, and the resources to overcome it, are rooted in the workings of all aspects ofa society. It is the workings ofthe state in Africa that initially raised expectations ofdevelopmental progress; and the failure ofthose expectations lie at the centre of the debate about the agrarian problem that has struck Africa with such devastating effect in the last two years. It is not sufficient to formulate economic policies to resolve these problems and expect states to act accordingly, for two reasons. Firstly, the activities of states have their own determinants, which may or may not produce the appropriate policy outputs. Secondly, it should not be assumed that change of policies, as opposed to profound changes in the institutional and organisational framework of economic life, private as well as public, are an adequate response to the present situation in Africa.


1 Thyroid Normal Colloid nodule Cystic changes Hashimoto's/ chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis Reidel's thyroiditis Follicular neoplasm Papillary carcinoma Insular carcinoma Anaplastic carcinoma Metastatic tumors 2 Parathyroid Thyroglossal cyst Branchial cleft cyst Salivary glands 3 Other Head and Neck Lymph nodes Cysts of the jaw Orbital tumors Scalp tumors Tumors of the face 4 Lung Mediastinum Pleural cavity/peritoneal cavity 5 Other Organs Liver Pancreas Cysts Retroperitoneal FNA Adrenal Kidney Bladder Urine Cerebrospinal fluid Gastric FNAs Bone and soft tissue 6 Breast


The effect of definite cycles of overstress σos (c 1.5 σw, σw : fatigue limit) which was applied periodically during the repetitions of the stress of fatigue limit σw was investigated through the behavior of micro-crack. The main results obtained are as follows ; 1) When σos is repeated in nos cycles at every 107 cycles of σw and the value of nos is within a limited range, the specimen is broken at a small value of the accumulated cycle ratio Σ(n/N). This phenomenon seems to be due to an increase in crack opening ratio under the repetitions of over-stress. In that case, the crack propagates only under the repetitions of σw. 2) The value of Σ(n/N) depends on the size of a non -propagating microcrack formed by the first 107 cycles of σw. 3) The repetition of 107 cycles of σw increases the fatigue life of the specimen under σos.


Fluorescence behavior of poly(3-alkylthiophenes) (P3ATs) in poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) films was studied under tensile loadings. The elastic deformation of the matrix induced by small strains up to 0.2% had a greater influence on time-resolved fluorescence rather than the steady-state one from P3ATs. The decay time of fluorescence decreased linearly as the applied stress was increased, and reached a minimum. We maintained that the attractive phenomenon for the time-resolved fluorescence under the tensile loadings was associated with distortion or deformation of the π-conjugated structure in P3AT chains having large molecular weight. When the applied strain exceeded the elastic limit of the matrix, the time-resolved or steady-state fluorescence behavior was unchanged. However, large elongation over 10% led to the red-shift of the steady-state fluorescence maximum and an increase in the decay time. These fluorescence properties, indicating the growth of the π-conjugation, were mainly governed by strain.


The present work deals with the study of the ethanolic extract of fruits of Sechium edule for cardioprotective activity. Cardioprotective activity of the ethanolic extract of fruits of Sechium edule was determined by the administration of isoproterenol (60 mg/kg, s.c) for two days. Pretreatment with Sechium edule (200 mg/kg, p.o and 100 mg/kg, p.o) for 28 days in significantly (P<0.01) reduce the levels of serum SGOT, SGPT, ALP, LDH, CK, Total Cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-C, VLDL-C and increase the levels of HDL-C. Histopathological studies of the hearts of ISO treated rats have showed infiltration of inflammatory cells and continuity in muscle fiber was lacking suggesting an irreversible cell injury. Animals treated with ethanolic extract of Sechium edule showed less degenerative changes compared to ISO - treated animals.


A new kind of long-afterglow phosphorescent glass is composed of 5~60 wt% long-afterglow material which particle size is 10~100 um and 40~95wt% matrix glass the softening tempereture of which is 400 DEG C ~1100 DEG C.The long-afterglow phosphorescent glass can long-afterglow phosphoresce for 4 to 12 hours in the dark after stimulating by visible light or uv,the luminescence color is yellow, yellowish green,green,blue green,orange red,red etc.The line expansion coefficient of matrix glass is (15~110)*10[-7]/DEG C and the emitting spectrum is 440~650 nm.The manufacturing method of this new long-afterglow phosphorescent glass is that making the long-afterglow material and matrix glass into phosphorescent glass powder or phosphorescent glass block firstly and then producting long-afterglow phosphorescent glass according to the conventional production technology that incorporation into silicate glass,aluminate glass,lead glass and quartz glass.


Social researchers and epidemiologists have been slow to address racial aspects of the AIDS epidemic. This lag has occurred in spite of the fact that African-Americans have been disproportionately affected by HIV. Few community-based interventions have been designed specifically for minority males. Those health educators who have attempted to respond to the growing public health problem of sexually transmitted AIDS among African-American males have had little or no socio-cultural information on which to develop their intervention models.


The genetic variants of bovine β‐lactoglobulin (β‐lg) from the "Murnau‐Werdenfelser" breed were analyzed in three different isoelectric focusing (IEF) systems. While carrier ampholyte IEF with a pH gradient of 0.2 pH/cm did not resolve the new variant W from the B variant and IEF in immobilized pH gradients (IPG) with 0.1 pH/cm only partially resolved it, adequate separation was achieved with IPG‐IEF in a pH 5.25‐pH 5.7 gradient, in presence of 0.8 % w/v carrier ampholytes, both over a 10 and 17 cm separation distance. Apparent isoelectric points (pI's) and genetic frequencies (f) were as follows: β‐lg A, pI = 5.370,f = 0.364; β‐lg B, pI = 5.485,f = 0.480; β‐lg W, pI = 5.492,f = 0.076; and β‐lg D, pI = 5.610,f = 0.080. The small difference of Δ pI = 0.007 between β‐lg B and β‐lg W respectively, seems to originate from a "silent" substitution of neutral amino acid residues as compared to the larger Δ pI's of the other genetic variants of β‐lg, which result from substitution of charged amino acids.


The invention polyester obtained by the polycondensation of 1,4-butanediol with succinic acid in a molecular structure within a branched aliphatic acid component as a main component 4-acetyl-4-methyl pimel acid and an aliphatic diol having an group and ketone polybutylene succinate- co-butylene relates to acetyl pimel rate biodegradable resin composition with a biodegradable film is made therefrom.


We study dependence of the CMB temperature anisotropy spectrum on the value of the fine structure constant α and the equation of state of the dark energy component of the total density of the universe. We find that bounds imposed on the variation of α from the analysis of currently available CMB data sets can be significantly relaxed if one also allows for a change in the equation of state.


Mumps currently is a vaccine-preventable infections. However, mumps still remains an urgent problem all over the world, due to periodic increases in the incidence in older children (including the vaccinated ones against this infection), in adults (the disease often does not go smoothly with involving various organs in the pathological process and systems). The literature describes the various adverse effects of male mumps, including infertility, testicular atrophy, testicular tumors, impotence, gynecomastia, etc. The article provides information on the incidence of mumps in the Russian Federation and St. Petersburg, the clinical manifestation of the infection. It was noted that in adolescent boys and men, the presence of orchitis (orchoepididymitis) is a frequent symptom of the disease. It is shown in the article, that testicular inflammation rate increases with age of patients. A brief description of modern methods of laboratory diagnostics and therapy is given in accordance with clinical recommendations and treatment standards. A clinical case of mumps, combined severe form (mumps + orchoepididymitis), in a 17-year-old boy is presented in this article. The features of the course of the disease, the results of laboratory and instrumental examination and treatment have been analyzed in this item. Conservative therapy (antiviral and antibacterial) of mumps, as well as timely surgical treatment of orchoepididymitis, led to a complete clinical and laboratory recovery of the patient.


A new approach to modeling macromolecular systems is presented which can be used to study both the low frequency collective motion of the entire macromolecule and the high frequency motion of local regions within the molecule. The approach combines the classical atomistic model of the molecule with a continuum model to form an overall classical hybird model. This hybrid model is developed by using a long wavelength limit to the discrete equations of motion to obtain a field of local elastic modulus tensors which depend on the intramolecular potential and molecular configuration. These tensors can then be used in a qualitative manner to correlate the elasticity of different regions in the macromolecule with the dynamics of the molecule as a whole. In addition, the tensors obey specific symmetry conditions which can be utilized to identify regions of the macromolecule that are displaced from equilibrium. The field of tensors can also be used in a quantitative manner to decrease the number of degrees of free...


The complexes [Ru(CO)4L] and trans-[Ru(CO)3L2](L = PPh3, PMePh2, or PBun3) have been obtained on photolysis of [Ru3(CO)12] in the presence of an excess of ligand. High-pressure carbonylation of readily available trans-[Ru(CO)3(PPh3)2] provides a further convenient route to [Ru(CO)4PPh3]. Unlike the corresponding iron complex, solid [Ru(CO)4PPh3] forms [Ru3(CO)9(PPh3)3] when heated, while in solution the tetracarbonyl complexes react with excess of ligand to form trans-[Ru(CO)3L2] The kinetics of this reaction have been studied and the results are compared with those for [Fe(CO)4Ph3].


In two-axis servo contour motion control, friction and various uncertainties unavoidably exist, reducing the contour control accuracy. This paper proposes a neural network contour error coupling control method based on LuGre friction compensation, which includes a contour error calculation model, single-axis computed torque controller (CTC), and neural network friction compensation controller. The LuGre friction model can describe servo system's complicated static and dynamic friction characteristics, and the RBF neural network has a universal approximation property to realize compensation control of friction. Simulation results indicate that the proposed contour error control method can effectively compensate for the effect of friction and improve contour control accuracy.


An expression enabling determination of the transition moment direction in the absorption band relative to the electric dipole moment direction in the ground state has been derived based on the definition of the absorption anisotropy


An index system for the synthetic evalustion of regional scientific and technical strength was set up to find the gaps and problems existing in the develoopment of science and technology and to studythe approach to the Coordinated development of scienc, echnolopgy,economy and society. The positive analysis were made by the synthetic index evaluation model for the synthetic scientific and technial strength of Henar Province and other 10 pmvincial region.


Bicyclo[3.3.1]nonane-2,6-dione (1) and bicyclo[3.3.1]nona-3,7-diene-2,6-dione (2) have been examined by vibrational circular dichroism (VCD), which, as for most C2-symmetric systems, exhibits strong VCD signals. In the case of 2, VCD signals are stronger and sharper with several bisignate doublets; for 1, signals are less intense and broader. The VCD and IR spectra are excellently predicted by DFT calculations: only one conformer is present for 2, while for 1, three main conformers, related through concerted skeleton torsional motions are present (two of them being interchanged by C2-rotation). The VCD spectrum shows specific features for the different conformers, such that correct population factors are crucial for reproducing experimental data. Also, the TD-DFT prediction of ECD (electronic circular dichroism) spectra is good. By comparing the spectroscopic signature of the two molecules (both VCD and ECD) and by careful analysis of the theoretical results, the role of the C=C double bond in compound (2) is evidenced. The double bond contributes toward enhancing the CD response both electronically and vibrationally.


Based on the materials collected in 2010-2021, the ecology, the current state of the stock and some features of the biology of the flounders exploited by fishing, living in the northern part of the Sea of Okhotsk, are considered. A brief biological characteristic of their age and size-weight indicators, as well as the sex ratio, is given. The prospects of industrial development are shown.


During the passage of the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 2008, abortion amendments were debated in both Houses of Parliament. Analysis of the parliamentary divisions reveals that the majority of Labour and Liberal Democrat MPs went through the progressive lobby while the majority of Conservatives voted for the more restrictive positions. Arguments for women's descriptive representation which rest on substantive representation – those that link the presence of women representatives with policies that are "for women" – appear, in this case seriously questioned, as party is found to trump sex. By analyzing parliamentary debate contributions (participation and content) in addition to parliamentary votes, and in both Houses of the UK Parliament, this article reconsiders the role of the sex of our representatives. Not only do women over-participate in the division lobbies and vote in a more liberal fashion than their male colleagues, debate contribution analysis suggests that women MPs' and Peers' interventions are substantively different from men's. Accordingly, we maintain that whilst women's absence from Parliament might not have affected the legislative outcome in 2008, their presence was critical to the way in which the issue of abortion was discussed. It is women representatives who center women in debates about abortion, conceive of it in terms of women's rights, and seek to protect women from reforms that would constrain their access to abortion and might force them to carry unwanted pregnancies to term.


In an apparatus for recording and/or reproducing a television signal with multiplex audio signals, a pilot signal is recorded on one or both of the audio tracks of a video tape in a manner to identify the mode of the multiplex audio signals and each pilot signal is detected to establish such mode when reproducing. For example, the frequency of the pilot signal may be changed for identifying different modes of the multiplex audio signals, such as, the bilingual mode and the stereo-phonic mode, with the pilot signal of selected frequency being recorded on one of the audio tracks, or the pilot signal having a certain frequency is recorded on one of the audio tracks in the case of the bilingual mode, and on the other audio track of the tape in the case of the stereo-phonic mode. In still another embodiment, the pilot signal is recorded in both audio tracks of the tape and the phase relation of the recorded pilot signals is varied to identify the mode of the multiplex audio signals.


The even chain length cerium(III) carboxylates from the octanoate to the octadecanoate have been synthesised by metathesis. Thermogravimetry shows the presence of coordinated water for the short chain homologues, whereas the longer chain ones only contain adsorbed water. X-Ray diffraction and IR spectral measurements show that the solid phase has a lamellar, bilayer structure with planes of the cerium(III) ions coordinated to the carboxylate groups. The phase behaviour of the carboxylates has been studied by DSC and polarized-light microscopy. One or more mesophases are observed over the temperature range 70–120°C and melting occurs between 130 and 150°C. The textures observed on the polarizing microscope clearly show the anisotropic nature of the mesophases. Although the overall enthalpy and entropy of melting of these compounds increase with increasing chain length, the values are considerably lower than expected for complete fusion of the alkyl chains. Competition between melting of the chains and changes in the metal–carboxylate coordination region is the major factor responsible for the differences observed in the phase behaviour between the short and long chain derivatives.


Global ocean physical and chemical trends are reviewed and updated using seven key ocean climate change indicators: (i) Sea Surface Temperature, (ii) Ocean Heat Content, (iii) Ocean pH, (iv) Dissolved Oxygen concentration (v) Arctic Sea Ice extent, thickness, and volume (vi) Sea Level and (vii) the strength of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC). The globally averaged ocean surface temperature shows a mean warming trend of 0.062 ± 0.013°C per decade over the last 120 years (1900–2019). During the last decade (2010–2019) the rate of ocean surface warming has accelerated to 0.280 ± 0.068°C per decade, 4.5 times higher than the long term mean. Ocean Heat Content in the upper 2,000 m shows a linear warming rate of 0.35 ± 0.08 Wm–2 in the period 1955–2019 (65 years). The warming rate during the last decade (2010–2019) is twice (0.70 ± 0.07 Wm–2) the warming rate of the long term record. Each of the last six decades have been warmer than the previous one. Global surface ocean pH has declined on average by approximately 0.1 pH units (from 8.2 to 8.1) since the industrial revolution (1770). By the end of this century (2100) ocean pH is projected to decline additionally by 0.1–0.4 pH units depending on the RCP (Representative Concentration Pathway) and SSP (Shared Socioeconomic Pathways) future scenario. The time of emergence of the pH climate change signal varies from 8 to 15 years for open ocean sites, and 16–41 years for coastal sites. Global dissolved oxygen levels have decreased by 4.8 petamoles or 2% in the last 5 decades, with profound impacts on local and basin scale habitats. Regional trends are varying due to multiple processes impacting dissolved oxygen: solubility change, respiration changes, ocean circulation changes and multidecadal variability. Arctic sea ice extent has been declining by −13.1% per decade in summer (September) and by −2.6% per decade in winter (March) during the last 4 decades (1979–2020). The combined trends of sea ice extent and sea ice thickness indicate that the volume of non-seasonal Arctic Sea Ice has decreased by 75% since 1979. Global mean sea level has increased in the period 1993–2019 (the altimetry era) at a mean rate of 3.15 ± 0.3 mm year–1 and is experiencing an acceleration of ∼ 0.084 (0.06–0.10) mm year–2. During the last century (1900–2015; 115y) global mean sea level (GMSL) has rised 19 cm, and near 40% of that GMSL rise has taken place since 1993 (22y). Independent proxies of the evolution of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) indicate that AMOC is at its weakest for several hundreds of years and has been slowing down during the last century. A final visual summary of key ocean climate change indicators during the recent decades is provided.


Background and Objectives: The use of positive airway pressure (PAP) is the treatment of choice for patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), however, poor adherence remains a major cause of treatment failure. The objective of this retrospective study was to compare the differences between adherent and non-adherent groups to auto-titration PAP (APAP) therapy for more than one year in patients with OSA. Materials and Methods: Total 111 patients with OSA who had completed the 3 months compliance assessment for Korean national health insurance coverage were enrolled. They were allocated to adherent (using APAP for more than 12 months) or non-adherent group. Patients' medical records, polysomnographic data, and APAP use data at the time of passing adaptation period were analyzed, and the differences between the two groups were compared. Results: The number of patients in the adherent group was 66 (59.5%), and the non-adherent group was 45 (40.5%). There were no significant between-group differences in body mass index, Epworth sleepiness scale, apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), and APAP device data by binary logistic regression analysis. However, patients with severe OSA (AHI≥30) were more likely to be compliant with PAP therapy than patients with mild to moderate OSA (odds ratio 3.433, 95% confidence interval 1.329 – 8.870, p=0.011). Conclusion: The percentage of patients who used APAP devices for more than 12 months was 59.5% in this study. Disease severity (AHI≥30) seems to be a predictor for APAP compliance for more than one year in patients with OSA.


We investigate the packet‐scheduling function within the access scheme of a unidirectional satellite system providing point‐to‐multipoint services to mobile users. The satellite system may be regarded as an overlay multicast/broadcast layer complementing the point‐to‐point third generation (3G) mobile terrestrial networks. The satellite access scheme features maximum commonalties with the frequency division duplex (FDD) air interface of the terrestrial universal mobile telecommunications system (T‐UMTS), also known as wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA), thus enabling close integration with the terrestrial 3G mobile networks and cost‐efficient handset implementations. We draw our attention on one of the radio resource management entities relevant to this interface: the packet scheduler. The lack of channel‐state information and the point‐to‐multipoint service offering differentiate the packet scheduler in the satellite radio interface from its counterpart in point‐to‐point terrestrial mobile networks. We formulate the scheduler tasks and describe adaptations of two well‐known scheduling disciplines, the multilevel priority queuing and weighted fair queuing schemes, as candidates for the time‐scheduling function. Simulation results confirm the significance of the transport format combination set (TFCS) with respect to both the resource utilization achieved by the scheduler and the performance obtained by the flows at packet‐level. The performance gap of the two schemes regarding the fairness provided to competing flows can be narrowed via appropriate selection of the TFCS, whereas the achieved delay and delay variation scores are ultimately dependent on the packet‐level dynamics of individual flows. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Laboratory-reared Pheidole megacephala (F.) colonies were fed 2% pyriproxyfen (5umitomo 5-31183) or 2% fenoxycarb, ethyl [2-(4-phenoxyphenoxy)ethyll carbamate, in soybean oil. Queens in colonies treated with pyriproxyfen laid significantly fewer eggs than controls 2 wk after treatment. Oviposition ceased in all pyriproxyfen-treated queens at 6 wk after treatment, with no recovery during the 15 wk of the study. Brood volumes in pyriproxyfen-treated colonies declined after 2 wk because of pupal death. No brood was found after 4 wk. Fenoxycarb-treated queens laid significantly fewer eggs than controls after 2 wk. Fenoxycarb-treated colonies shifted caste differentiation from workers to males at 3 wk after treatment. At 5 wk, 90% of larvae were male; the remaining 10% developed into intercastes.


The methodology of formation of the modern anti-money laundering (AML) system is based on the principles of self-organization, globality and mutual control. The principle of self-organization is implemented at two levels the level of self-organization of countries (the supranational level) and the level of self-organization of financial institutions (national level). The mechanisms through which countries are involved in the global AML system is based on the principle of globality. In practice, this principle is realized in voluntary and forced basis. The European Union and the United States, concerned about the rising crime in their countries, voluntarily joined their efforts in this direction. On their initiative, FATF was formed, an international committee, which has developed 40 anti-money laundry recommendations and nine recommendations about using financial monitoring in order to stop the financing of terrorists. The countries involvement in the AML process is based on conducting mutual evaluations of countries for compliance with national laws and current practices in the field of FATF's anti-money laundering recommendations, as well as to make a "black list" of countries that do not pay enough attention to the fight against money laundering. FATF includes countries in the "black list" to impose economic sanctions on them. Severity of the sanctions force the state to implement the FATF's recommendations. The most important contemporary problem is the closing of financial information in offshore countries. For these countries, income from financial services is most part of their national income. Involvement in AML procedures, as well as economic measures for evasion, will have a negative impact on such countries, most of them having no other areas of development. Given this fact, these countries are given an opportunity to find ways to involve them in the AML international system (regional approach). A regional approach aims to integrate a number of states, which rea neighbours and have common features in the economy, culture, national mentality, to FATF-style organizations. By 2011, all countries were grouped into eight regional FATF-style groups. The modern role of these associations is mixed. Especially those that include off-shore countries, actively used by transnational criminal organizations to launder their income or to finance terrorists. The fragmented implementation of FATF recommendations not aimed at tangible results in enhancing their participation in the exchange of information on the money movement would have been subjected to economic sanctions, if we were talking about one or several countries. But a group of countries has the ability to use a regional office in the FATF for delaying the expanding AML processes on their territories. A three-level structure of the international AML slows unification of approaches to implementing the anti-money laundering recommendations, respectively, the costs of financial institutions and national budgets do not still bring the expected results. The global financial crisis has shown that inefficient burden on financial institutions, sooner or later become serious problems. It should go from the stage of an experimental model to a fully operational mechanism of AML.


The inner comparability of macroeconomic data is permanently increasing due to harmonization work by national statistical offices and international organisations resulting in standard definitions, classifications, methods of valuation, etc. This circumstance allows to take more attention to the computational procedures within international comparisons. So, the paper focuses on the aggregation methods of multilateral comparisons.


The current evaluation research on the benefits of product lifecycle management system were presented.Some theoretical researchers put forward a new scientific and practical evaluation model and arrived at a conclusion that was referenced widely through the use of the model.In addition,the theoretical basis for the benefits evaluation of product lifecycle management system and the benefits assessment process of that system were clearly explained.And the future development trend of the benefits evaluation theory of product lifecycle management system was predicted.


Constant Displacement Rate Experiments and Constitutive Modeling of Asphalt Mixtures. (December 2004) Pradeep Hariharakumar, B. Tech, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras; M.S, Texas A&M University Co–Chairs of Advisory Committee: Dr. K. R. Rajagopal Dr. D. N. Little The focus of this dissertation is on constant displacment rate experiments on asphalt concrete and on developing continuum models in a general thermo-mechanical setting which will corroborate with the experimental results. Modeling asphalt concrete and predicting its response is of great importance to the pavement industry. More than 90 percent of the US Highways uses asphalt concrete as a pavement material. Asphalt concrete exhibits nonlinear response even at small strains and the response of asphalt concrete to different types of loading is quite different. The properties of asphalt concrete are highly influenced by the type and amount of the aggregates and the asphalt used. The internal structure of asphalt concrete keeps on evolving during the loading process. This is due to the influence of different kinds of activities at the microlevel and also due to the interaction with the environment. The properties of asphalt concrete depend on its internal structure. Hence we need to take the evolution of the internal structure in modeling the response of asphalt concrete. Experiments were carried out at different confinement pressures and displacement rates on cylindrical samples of asphalt concrete. Two different aggregates were used to make the sample limestone and granite. The samples were tested at a constant displacement rate at a given confinement pressure. The force required to maintain


This is the biography of a portrait - a literary mystery - and the stunning discovery that has ignited popular debate around the world. In March 2001, author Stephanie Nolen revealed the existence of an attractive painting, held by a Canadian family for 12 generations, which may be the only known portrait of Shakespeare painted during his lifetime. Although he remains one of the most admired and celebrated men in the world, there are only two images of Shakespeare generally accepted as authentic, both made after his death. Both show what Mark Twain called a 'bladder-faced' burgher devoid of genius. The man in the newly-discovered portrait - reputed to be by one John Sanders of Worcester - is keen-eyed and mischievous-looking, his wry smile and jaunty jacket more suggestive of the brilliant, humorous, humane man who wrote the greatest plays in the English language. Shakespeare's Face tells the riveting story of how the painting came to reside in the home of a retired engineer - whose grandmother kept the family treasure under her bed - and how he embarked on authenticating the portrait. Six years of painstaking forensic studies confirm that the painting does indeed date from around 1600 and has not been altered since. And to weigh the evidence, a remarkable group of leading Shakespeare scholars and art historians have contributed fresh, lively, accessible and entertaining chapters to delve into one of the most fascinating literary mysteries of our times: 'Is this the face of genius?'


Airport pavement maintenance decision problem is analyzed,a new optimization model of pavement maintenance based on benefit-cost analysis is presented.In this paper,a benefit-cost analysis method and work quantity prediction algorithm of countermeasures which are established for pavement typical distresses is put forward.The optimal maintenance scheme is obtained by establishing a linear programming.The cost is considered not only direct maintenance expenditure,but also indirect fare produced by the impact of maintenance program on the airport operation,and the benefit is denoted by the service life of treatment measures.All of parameters in the model are determined by data in shanghai airport pavement management system.The analyzing results of an example show that this model can reflect the superior and interior of treat measures preferably,and distresses can be rehabilitated economically by the optimal scheme.


The National Museum in Warsaw, founded in 1916, took over the function of the older Museum of Fine Arts in Warsaw, founded in 1862. Between 1918 and 1922,
 the National Museum was systematically enriched through donations by private persons and institutions. One of the most important collections, placed there in 1919, was that originating from an old private museum owned by the Tyszkiewicz family in Łohojsk, donated through the agency of the Society of Fine Arts 'Zachęta' in Warsaw. The museum in Łohojsk (today in Belarus, not far from Minsk) was founded by Konstanty Tyszkiewicz (1806–1868). The rich collection of family portraits, paintings, engravings, and other works of art was enriched in 1862 by Count Michał Tyszkiewicz
(1828–1897), who bequeathed a substantial part of the Egyptian antiquities brought from his travel to Egypt in 1861–1862. The Łohojsk collection was partly sold by Konstanty's son, Oskar Tyszkiewicz (1837–1897), but some of these objects were purchased in 1901 by a cousin of Michał Tyszkiewicz, who then donated them to the Society of Fine Arts 'Zachęta'. At this stage, the whole collection amounted to 626 items, of which 163 were connected to Egypt. During World War II, the National Museum in Warsaw suffered serious losses. At present, the exhibits originating from Łohojsk include 113 original ancient Egyptian pieces, four forgeries, and 29 paper squeezes reproducing the reliefs from the tomb of Khaemhtat of the 18th Dynasty (Theban tomb no. 57).


Editor Biographies ix Foreword xi Preface xv Author Biographies xvii Part I FOUNDATIONS 1 1 Theoretical Models of Health Psychology and the Model for Integrating Medicine and Psychology 3 Bret A. Boyer 2 Insurance, Managed Care, and Integrated Primary Care 31 M. Indira Paharia Part II PREVENTION 53 3 Chronic Disease Prevention 55 M. Indira Paharia 4 Obesity 81 M. Indira Paharia and Larina Kase 5 Tobacco Cessation 105 M. Indira Paharia Part III COMMON DISEASE STATES 125 6 Cardiovascular Disease 127 Albert J. Bellg 7 Cancer 153 Alyson B. Moadel and Melanie S. Harris 8 Diabetes 179 Bret A. Boyer 9HIV/AIDS 201 Lynda M. Sagrestano, Amy Rogers, and Arron Service 10 Spinal Cord Injury 229 Elizabeth J. Richardson, J. Scott Richards, and Bret A. Boyer 11Asthma 251 Daphne Koinis Mitchell and Elizabeth McQuaid 12 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease 277 Kirk Stucky and Jeff Greenblatt 13 End-Stage Renal Disease 301 Allan Goody, Nicole Monserrate, and Anu Bodetti 14 Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Liver Disease 319 Kevin A. Hommel Part IV SPECIAL TOPICS 347 15 Chronic Pain 349 John D. Otis and Donna B. Pincus 16 Pediatric Psychology 371 Lamia P. Barakat and Bret A. Boyer 17 Substance Abuse in Medical Settings 395 Allison Dorlen Pastor, Aparna Kalbag-Buddhikot, and Adam Brooks 18 Sexual and Reproductive Health of Men and Women 425 William R. Stayton, Debra W. Haffner, and Susan S. McNiff Author Index 453 Subject Index 475


1. IntroductionImpoliteness, as a variety of face-aggravating verbal behaviors, has recently been paid extensive scholarly attention (Bousfield, 2008; Bousfield & Locher, 2008; Culpeper, 1996, 2005, 2008; Culpeper et. al., 2003; Terkourafi, 2008). Classical politeness theories (Brown & Levinson, 1987; Leech, 1983) was scrutinized for marginalizing non-cooperative communication, and for presuming that impoliteness can be examined utilizing concepts developed for politeness (Perelmutter, 2010, p. 1).Impoliteness is a negative attitude towards specific behaviors happening in particular contexts. It is maintained by expectations, desires and/or beliefs about social organization, including how one person's or a group's identity is mediated by others in interaction. Situated behaviors are negatively considered as "impolite" when they conflict with how one expects them to be, how one wants them to be and/or how one thinks they ought to be. Such behaviors are always assumed to have emotional consequences for at least one participant, that is, they cause or are presumed to cause offence (Culpeper, 2011, p. 254).In the recent decades, many important studies have been conducted in the field of politeness and its strategies. Linguists attempted to categorize these strategies and to investigate them. In their opinion, social factors and cultural variables are involved in the use of polite and impolite utterances. One of the main environments under the impact of polite or impolite utterances is family. The verbal interactions between the couples and their discursive styles are challenging topics in the linguistic studies. Hence, this research attempts to analyze the impolite utterances of irreconcilable Iranian Couples through their conflicts and disputes.2. Review of literatureLaitinen (2010) in his thesis studied the use of impoliteness strategies in the American TV- series House M.D. The aim of this research was the study of impoliteness strategies in the series between Dr. House and his patients. Therefore, the author transcribed nine extracts that were all short conversations between House and his clinic patients. Culpeper's (1996) impoliteness strategies formed the framework of this research. Conclusions showed that based on nine short extracts, it seemed that bald on record strategies and sarcasm were the impoliteness strategies that House utilized most regularly. Most of the patients completely ignored House's impolite insulting remarks. However, the author claimed that due to the fact that the patients were actors in a series, it was impossible to analyze the truthfulness of their reactions.Kunsti (2012) examined politeness and impoliteness strategies used by lawyers in the "Dover Trail". The subject of this study was linguistic politeness and impoliteness in the speech of lawyers. Culpeper (1996) impoliteness strategies formed the framework of this research. The data for this study was a courtroom transcript of the "Dover Trial". The complete transcript consisted of 5000 pages, but every fifth page was selected as the sample for this study. The results showed that lawyers utilized both politeness and impoliteness strategies in their speech in the courtroom. The number of politeness strategies was significantly greater than that of impoliteness strategies. Thus, the results corresponded with the hypothesis he presented.Pennanen (2013) investigated the structure of impolite events in Computer-Mediated Conversation. The general aim of this study was to map how impoliteness events were realized in CMC and especially in a discussion board that was used to comment on a piece of news. The data was compiled from the United States of America version of CNN- website. In this case, the piece of news came from the U.S. edition of CNN entitled "war over women kicks off Obama- Rommey race". The corpus of this study consisted of the first 1125 of these comments. There were 54,699 tokens all together in the corpus. …


People with hematologic malignancies are at a high risk of morbidity and mortality from COVID‐19. The response to vaccination is highly limited in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Less than half of the patients develop antibody response, suggesting that they remain at risk of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection even after the vaccination. Reasons for inadequate response to COVID‐19 vaccination in chronic lymphocytic leukemia are multifactorial and attributed to disease‐related immune dysregulation and patient‐ and therapy‐related factors. The negative predictors of response to vaccination include hypogammaglobulinemia, advanced age, current active treatment, and past treatment anti‐CD20 monoclonal antibodies. Despite using booster doses and heterologous immunization to improve humoral and cellular immunity, some patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia will fail to respond. Active treatment at the time of vaccination and a recent history of anti‐CD20 monoclonal antibodies use are the strongest predictors of the non‐response. Current data support informing patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia and other hematologic malignancies about the risk of infection regardless of vaccination. These individuals and members of their households should continue extreme preventive actions despite relaxed local regulations. Other emerging non‐vaccine preventive strategies include passive and post‐exposure prevention with monoclonal antibodies.


A few knids of common failures of traction motor bearing are analysed.Some suggestions are given to improve the operational reliability of armature bearing of traction motor,from the aspects of assembly process and detection.


Thixoforming in aluminum alloys is an on going technology in metal forming. It improves the heating conditions of the mold,shot sleeve and plunge,prolongs their lives, improves the accuracy of the size and lowes the cost of castings.This paper summaries up the slug preparing, the billet heating,die casting and simulations of thixocasting and so on. Meanwhile,it introduces the industrial applications of thixoforming in aluminum alloys.


With the introduction of the orthogonal expansion method and the pseudoexcitation method into the wave finite element analysis of complex site, a method with which the effect of the random site media on the coherency function of earthquake ground motion can be considered is proposed in this paper. The numerical examples show that the stochastic media of the site tends to reduce the lagged coherency function in the vicinity of the predominant frequency. This diminution phenomena resulted from the random site media should be considered in the coherency function research.


A modified sinusoidal slow wave structure with a dominant TM01 mode which is the main interaction mode for a backward wave oscillator is proposed. The TM01 mode dominance is achieved by introducing circular discs along the circumferential ends of the conventional sinusoidal SWS. SWS designs for individual control of TM01 and TE11 mode cut-off frequencies are proposed. This SWS is also capable of coupling with a higher phase velocity as compared with the conventional sinusoidal SWS and exhibits improved interaction impedance characteristics which make them ideal candidates for use in backward wave oscillators.


The present invention apparatus for reproducing a storage medium and the storage medium relates to the reproduction of the video data recorded in a storage medium, which specifically contains the metadata for providing the enhanced search function using various search keywords on audiovisual data It relates to a method and playback. And a storage medium according to the present invention, including metadata for providing an enhanced search function on the moving picture data and the video data, the metadata is a predefined search keyword and a search to the author to define additional keywords in that it comprises the features. Accordingly, it is possible to provide an enhanced search function using various search keywords additionally defined pre-defined search keywords as well as producers. In addition, by recording only the portion that is directly related to the support of multilingual metadata as a separate file in a text-based, using a plurality of languages can provide an extended search function.


[Objective] The aim was to study on the prokaryotic expression of P1 gene of type Asia1 foot and mouth disease virus(FMDV) as well as the preparation of its antiserum.[Method] The P1 gene of type Asia1 FMDV was obtained by gene cloning techniques,and then the P1 gene was cloned into pET-32a(+) plasmid;subsequently transformed the recombinant plasmid into E.coli BL21(DE3),after the IPTG induction and protein purification,SDS-PAGE was carried out;the ultrasonic wave was use to lyse the cultivated recombinant strain,and after the isolation and purification,this fusion protein was utilized to immunize New Zealand rabbits so as to prepare P1 protein antiserum.[Result] The positive clones were obtained;SDS-PAGE result showed that the target band was appeared at 105 kD;Western blot analysis showed that the antisera could bind to the expressed P1 fusion protein specifically;the ELISA titer of the rabbit anti-FMDV-P1 sera was approximately 1∶5 120.[Conclusion] This study had provided foundations for FMDV serological diagnostic methods and genetically engineered vaccine.


A new straightforward procedure has been developed for the synthesis of polysubstituted naphthalene derivatives. The reaction of alpha-aryl-substituted carbonyl compounds with terminal or internal alkynes in the presence of TiCl4 regioselectively generates substituted naphthalene derivatives in good to excellent yields.


The primary objective of this project is to determine the feasibility of an alternate concept for the regeneration of high temperature desulfurization sorbents in which elemental sulfur, instead of SO{sub 2}, is produced. If successful, this concept will eliminate or alleviate problems caused by the highly exothermic nature of the regeneration reaction, the tendency for metal sulfate formation, and the need to treat the regeneration off-gas to prevent atmospheric SO{sub 2}, emissions. Iron and cerium-based sorbents were chosen on the basis of thermodynamic analysis to determine the feasibility of elemental sulfur production. The ability of both to remove H{sub 2}S during the sulfidation phase is less than that of zinc-based sorbents, and a two-stage desulfurization process will likely be required. Preliminary experimental work used electrobalance reactors to compare the relative rates of reaction of O{sub 2} and H{sub 2}O with FeS. More detailed studies of the regeneration of FeS as well as the sulfidation of CeO{sub 2} and regeneration of Ce{sub 2}O{sub 2}S are being carried out in a laboratory-scale fixed-bed reactor equipped with a unique analytical system which permits semi-continuous analysis of the distribution of elemental sulfur, H{sub 2}S, and SO{sub 2} in the reaction product gas.


Bacteriophages typically carry an essential core of genes that enables their infection and replication. In addition to this "core" genome, they may carry auxiliary metabolic genes (AMG) which presumably provide a selective benefit to the phages' biology, ultimately affecting their evolutionary success. The actual roles of these accessory phage genes, which are mostly acquired from host genomes, are not always well understood. A thorough comparative genomic analysis of completely sequenced viral genomes revealed that a statistically significant subset of T4‐like phages carry two genes, i.e. nadV and nadM that implement a two‐step synthesis of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) from Vitamin B3. NAD is an essential coenzyme that plays important roles in metabolic reactions and cell regulation in all organisms. Interestingly, the genomic reconstruction of NAD metabolic subsystem of the corresponding bacterial hosts highlighted that the infected bacteria use alternative routes, i.e., a different set of genes, for synthesizing NAD. This evidence suggests that NadV‐NadM metabolic shunt has been retained by phages in order to provide some sort of fitness to their biology. What could it be? This enhanced NAD synthesis in phage‐infected cells could be rationalized by the occurrence of phage‐encoded NAD‐consuming activities, such as those catalyzed by RNA polymerase‐ADP‐ribosyltransferase (gene alt), NAD‐dependent DNA ligases (gene ligA), and NAD‐dependent deacetylase (gene cobB) which often co‐occurr with nadM and nadV in T4‐like phage genomes. Sequence analysis and construction of 3D models of viral NadM and NadV indicated that all the key residues responsible for their enzymatic activities are present, and are properly oriented in the active sites. To conclude, we performed a phylogenetic study on the NadM and NadV family of enzymes from Bacteria, Archaea, Viruses, including the eukaryotic counterparts. The results offer a complex evolutionary scenario whereby some bacteriophages acquired the genetic capability to synthesize NAD, and also played a role in the spread of these functional roles across different organisms through horizontal gene transfer events.


Immunotherapy for patients with neuroblastoma has met with limited success, partly due to an incomplete understanding of the mechanisms underlying immune responsiveness in this clinically and genetically heterogenic tumor. Here, we undertook an unbiased analysis using dimension reduction and UMAP visualization of transcriptional signatures derived from 498 primary neuroblastoma tumors. Four distinct clusters based on differentially expressed genes emerged, of which one, representing about 30% and comprising mainly of MYCN-nonamplified tumors, was notable for the high expression of genes associated with both immune response activation and suppression. This capacity to elicit a productive immune response resided exclusively in tumors with dominant populations of undifferentiated, neural crest-like or mesenchymal cells; by contrast, tumors comprising primarily of committed, adrenergic neuron-like cells were less immunogenic. Mesenchymal neuroblastoma cells were enriched for innate and adaptive immune gene signatures, demonstrated engagement with cytotoxic T and natural killer cells, and induced immune cell infiltration in an immunocompetent mouse model. Transcriptional or targeted therapy-induced reprogramming of adrenergic cells to the mesenchymal state led to reactivation of tumor cell-intrinsic immune genes. Key immune response genes in adrenergic tumor cells were found to be epigenetically silenced by the PRC2 complex, and such repression could be relieved by either mesenchymal cell state reprogramming or EZH2 inhibition, leading to increased activation of natural killer cells by the tumor cells. These data identify cell lineage as a major determinant of the immunogenic potential in neuroblastoma that could be used to stratify patients who are most likely to benefit from immunotherapy.


In a second investigation of the effect of alkoxy substituents on antispasmodic potency, a series of alkoxy derivatives of β-piperidinopropiophenone and some related structural variants were prepared. These showed no enhancement of antispasmodic potency over that of the parent compound, but some had noteworthy local anesthetic and antimicrobial activity. p -n- utoxy-β-piperidinopropiophenone hydrochloride was selected as having most promise for drug use. It appears that, even though structural similarity may exist between some local anesthetics and antispasmodics, it is impossible to predict the effect of alkoxy substitution in one type of drug from its effect in the other.


This whitepaper discusses the performance improvement on using Dell EqualLogic™ SSD arrays to deploy Microsoft® SQL Server™ 2008 database. This paper details the experimental analysis for the following scenarios, based on a standard OLTP workload using Dell EqualLogic arrays.  Deployment of database in non‐tiered Storage.  Database Deployment in tiered storage. This whitepaper also discusses some of the best practices for deploying SSDs in an OLTP environment using Dell EqualLogic PS series arrays. Dell, the DELL logo, PowerEdge, and PowerVault are trademarks of Dell Inc. Quest is a registered trademark of Quest Software, Inc. Microsoft and SQL Server are registered trademarks of Microsoft in the United States and/or other countries. Other trademarks and trade names may be used in this document to refer to either the entities claiming the marks and names or their products. Dell disclaims proprietary interest in the marks and names of others.


It is known to discuss the convergence of the series is an important subject in the analysis. In this paper, we will discuss the "Euclidean Space Raabe's Test for Series of Sets Under Hausdorff Distance". The main result is that, the convergence of Raabe's test is right for series of sets under Banach space. But the divergence of Raabe's test must found in Euclidean space and these results will be introduced in the following statements.


In this study, we present first‐order (in terms of the log conductivity variance) analytical solutions to displacement covariances Xij and macrodispersion coefficients Dij for transport of conservative solutes in two‐dimensional, bounded heterogeneous porous media. These solutions are presented as infinity series and are explicit functions of the statistics of the log hydraulic conductivity. Using numerical examples, the convergence of these solutions in terms of the number of terms in truncated finite summations is first investigated, and the accuracy of these solutions is examined by comparing them with results from Monte Carlo simulations and the semianalytical solutions of Osnes (1998). Through several examples, the general features of time‐dependent Xij and Dij are discussed. Unlike in unbounded domains, the longitudinal macrodispersivity D11 for bounded domains does not approach an asymptotic value at large dimensionless time but instead increases quickly near the downstream constant head boundary. In addition, D11 for bounded domains is always larger than that in unbounded domains, and accordingly, the transverse macrodispersivity D22 in bounded domains is smaller than that in unbounded domains. These differences stem from the lateral no‐flow boundaries in our bounded domain models. We also investigated the effect of domain sizes on Xij and Dij. Our study shows that both Xij and Dij depend not only on the dimensionless size of the domain but also on its aspect ratio. The dependence of Xij and Dij on the particles' initial location has also been investigated at detail. Our results indicate that while this dependence is very small for X11 and D11, the release location has a significant impact on both X22 and D22. Our solutions to both displacement covariances and macrodispersivity are compared against those derived from tracer test data at the Borden site. The comparison shows that our solutions are quite close to observed data, indicating that they may be applicable to predict solute transport at the field scale.


Through computer modelling, a study was launched to investigate the radar across section (RCS) hot-spot characteristics on an electrically large complex radar target, such as a ship. The CAD model utilized here is known as the generic ship. For simplicity sake, the target utilized was assumed to be either static, or slow-moving and non-fluctuating, so that a standard inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) imaging approach based on a Fourier transform procedure, could be utilized. This ISAR technique was applied to the computed monostatic RCS data of the CAD model, to obtain its RCS hot-spot behaviors. Results of cases modelled at low and high elevation incident angles are discussed, and compared with those of simple geometries.


This study enhances the 1973 CPS-IRS-SSA Exact Match File with more complete Social Security mortality data for 1973-1978 and with updated Social Security earnings and disability data. It uses the resulting data set to examine the effect of income, controlling for education, on the mortality of white married men aged 35-65. It finds that low income continues to have a large and significant effect on mortality risk, controlling for disability, and on the probability of death through its effect on disability.


The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between physical fitness and NCD related variables according to gender, age and residence of Laotians. The research problem were as following, First, is there difference of older man and woman's health behavior, self-efficacy and loneliness as a function of stage of exercise, sex, partner in older adults? Second, is there difference of older man and woman's self-efficacy and loneliness as a function of stage of exercise, sex, partner in older adults? The Subjects of this study were randomly selected from twenty-five villages scattered among four districts. One thousand Laotians were selected; single person per family aged between 40 and 59 in rural and as well as urban area. Eventually, this study used 979 people for the statistical analysis. The questions were devised to measure six elements including muscular strength, endurance, cardiovascular endurance, flexibility, agility and power. Independent t-test, Kruskal Wallis, Scheffe(for the post hoc) was used according to sex, age, residence, and BMI level via the Windows SPSS 21.0 package for statistical analysis. Results of this study were as following. Laotians' overall physical fitness level turned out to be between low to average. Flexibility scored the lowest for average Laotians in the male and female both. For the women, agility and power were lower than male. For the BMI, male of 40s were overweight, female of 40s and 50s were all overweight. For the waist circumference, female of 40s and 50s were all obese. For the WHR, female of 40s and 50s were all obese. For the systolic blood pressure, male and female of 40s and 50s were all pre- hypertension. For the pulse pressure, male and female of 40s and 50s were all high. Obese people had lower cardiovascular endurance, flexibility, agility, and power. Laotians need to do regular exercises to increase physical fitness. This preliminary result will be helpful in developing both physical activity guide line and intervention practice guide line.