Background: The association between body mass index (BMI) measured in young adulthood and long-term risk of atrial fibrillation has been examined for women, but not men. We examined the association between BMI in young men and the risk of atrial fibrillation before 55 years of age. Methods: We conducted a population-based cohort study of 12,850 males whose fitness for military service was examined by Draft Boards in Northern Denmark. Hospital diagnoses were obtained from the Danish National Registry of Patients, covering all Danish hospitals since 1977. We began follow-up on the 22nd birthday of each subject and continued until occurrence of atrial fibrillation, emigration, death, or 31 December 2010, whichever came first. Adjusting for cognitive score, education, and body height, we used Cox regression to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) associating BMI with atrial fibrillation occurrence. Results: The cohort consisted of 10,639 (83%) men of normal weight (BMI: 18.5 to ≤25.0 kg/m2), 617 (5%) underweight men (BMI: ≤18.5 kg/m2), 1,368 (11%) overweight men (BMI: 25.0 to ≤30.0 kg/m2), and 226 (2%) obese men (BMI: ≥30 kg/m2). The cohort contributed a total of 352,582 person-years of follow-up and mean follow-up time was 28 years. The number of patients developing atrial fibrillation was 125 among normal weight men, 8 among underweight men, 29 among overweight men, and 5 among obese men. The corresponding 33-year risk of atrial fibrillation was 2.5% (95% CI: 1.2%-3.9%) for normal weight men, 2.9% (95% CI: 0.8%-5.1%) for underweight men, 4.0% (95% CI: 2.2%-5.8%) for overweight men, and 4.2% (95% CI: 1.1%-7.4%) for obese men. With normal weight as reference, the adjusted HR for atrial fibrillation was 1.04 (0.51-2.12) for underweight men, 1.90 (1.27-2.86) for overweight men, and 2.05 (95% CI: 0.84-5.03) for obese men. In a linear regression model, the adjusted HR associating one unit increase in BMI with atrial fibrillation was 1.10 (1.05-1.15). Conclusions: Overweight and obesity in early adulthood strongly predicts atrial fibrillation before 55 years of age among men.


We used data from the [U.S.] National Survey of Families and Households to investigate economic resources and parental behavior explanations for family structure effects on children. The economic explanation received considerable support in terms of single-mother disadvantage and accounted for a smaller proportion of disadvantage associated with mother-partner families. Parental behaviors particularly maternal and paternal support accounted for much smaller proportions of disadvantages found in mother-stepfather as well as mother-partner families. Parental behaviors did not appear to mediate any of the economic resource effects on children. (EXCERPT)


Twelve isoindol-1,3-dioxo substituted benzoxazine carboxyl esters were designed and synthesized,and their structures were identified by 1H NMR、MS and etc. Bioassay results indicated that some compounds such as 2-(6-(1,3-dioxo-isoindol-2-yl)-7-fluoro-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-benzb1,4oxazine-4-yl) carboxyl esters (7) exhibited post-emergence herbicidal activity against dicotyledon weeds. Compounds (7a),7b and 7c had more than 80% herbicidal activity against dicotyledon weeds such as Abutilon theophrasti Medic,Chenopodiun album L.,Amaranthus retroflexus L. at 75 g a.i./hm2.


The results of mathematical modeling of the waveguide and resonator methods for diagnosis of the parameters of quality of coal and liquid petroleum products (calorific value, ash, moisture). A new approach to defining the waveguide by the method of complex permittivity (CP) of the substance, based on the results of measuring its voltage standing wave ratio in probing the in some frequency range. Considered resonator method for determining the CP of liquid petroleum products by placing in the pipe cavity measuring cells. The possibility of controlling the quality of coal on the conveyor with the use of attenuation of electromagnetic waves passing through the layer under coal is study. The results of the research proposed to use for diagnostic and quality control of these substances to be transported on a conveyor belt or pipeline wire.


The archaeological and historical sciences offer sufficient information to date the Old Testament biblical texts, as they crystallized and reached us, in the last years of Persian domination of the Fertile Crescent. The study of the information offered by the documents found in Elephantine suggests a pre-biblical Judaism not based on a system of sacred texts until some advanced time in the fourth century BCE. This data may surprise readers as does the existence of a Jewish temple in the southern Egypt in the fifth century BCE.


We discuss the problem of Hopf's bifurcation of a fine focus of order 2 for a predator-prey model with simplified Holling-IV functional response.By means of the implicit function theorem,we prove that the number of limit cycles,which are produced in the neighborhood of the fine focus by perturbing this predator-prey system,is two.


The human PDGFA gene has been mapped previously to two different sites on chromosome 7 (7p21----p22 and 7q11.2----q21.1). Using in situ hybridization and human x mouse somatic cell hybrid lines we present data which confirm the localization of PDGFA to the terminal short arm of chromosome 7, at 7p22.


'Kettling' has emerged in recent decades as an established, if controversial, tactic of public order policing. Departing from a historical emphasis on dispersal, kettling instead acts to contain protesters within a police cordon for sustained periods of time. This article elaborates upon the spatial and temporal logics of kettling by investigating the conditions of its historical emergence. We argue that kettling should be understood as a territorial strategy that co-evolved in relation to forms of disruptive protest. Whereas techniques of crowd dispersal serve to diffuse a unified collective, 'kettling' aims to capture the volatile intensities of public dissent and exhaust its political energies. Drawing on police manuals, media coverage, accounts from activists and expert interviews, we show how the 'kettle' re-territorializes protest by acting on its spatio-temporal and affective constitution. By fabricating an inner outside of the urban milieu, freezing the time of collective mobilization and inducing debilitating affects such as fear and boredom, kettling intervenes into the scene of political subjectification that each congregation of protesting bodies seeks to fashion.


Although convolutional neural network has achieved great success in the field of image classification, there are still problems to be solved for video action recognition. Compared with image classification, temporal modeling remains key and challenging for action recognition in videos. To mitigate this issue, this paper presents an action recognition network module, termed as Temporal Feature Enhancement module, with a focus on enhancing the use of temporal feature to achieve efficient action recognition. The module is composed of a Short-term temporal feature enhancement module and a Long-term temporal feature enhancement module. These two modules work together to alleviate the problem of temporal feature modeling in action recognition networks. Through experiments on UCF-101 and HMDB-51 datasets, the proposed algorithm is superior to the comparison algorithms, which proves its effectiveness.


In this paper, reflectance and transmittance of Silicon nanostructure array obtained from simulation of various textured structure has been presented. These nanostructures reduce the reflections and enhance the antireflection property of solar cells. We reviewed various fabrication methods used for nanoscale antireflection structures. Generally fabrication of nanoscale structure is done by two approaches: top-down approach and bottom-up approach. Commonly used fabrication methods include chemical vapour deposition, wet etching and dry etching. The silicon nanostructures has a square geometry which has a height of 1μm and diameter of 0.5μm. The refractive index of Si nanocones is taken as 3.85. Reflectance and transmittance has been observed in the visible spectrum for wavelength 0.5μm through simulation software OptiFDTD.


The teaching of"University Basic Computer"in the development process gradually into a"narrow tool theory"misunderstanding, weakening or even ignore the various disciplines based on general calculation means of Computational Thinking and computing ability training, can not meet the calculation to the talented person quality requirements of the times. Will calculate the cultivation of thinking ability applied to the teaching of"University Basic Computer", the various elements into the ability structure of students, to better help students to establish a computer problem solving consciousness is the urgent matter of teaching reform.


Lehrstuhl fur Genetik, Fakultat fur Biologie, Universitdt Bielefeld, Postfach 100131, D-33501 Bielefeld, Germany The soil bacterium Sinorhizobium meliloti (Rhizobium meliloti) has the ability to produce the alternative exopolysaccharide galactoglucan (EPS II) in addition to succinoglycan (EPS I). In the wild-type strain EPS II production is induced by phosphate-limiting conditions or by extra copies of the exp gene cluster. Based on similarities to transcriptional regulators of the MarR family, an additional putative regulatory gene, expG, was identified in the exp gene cluster. Using exp-lacZ transcriptional fusions, a stimulating effect of extra copies of this expG gene on the transcription of al l exp complementation groups was determined. Phosphate limitation also resulted in increased expression of the exp-lac2 fusions. This increase was reduced in strains characterized by a deletion of expG. The previously reported high level of exp gene transcription in a mud? mutant was further elevated under phosphate-limiting conditions. The expA, ex@, expG and expE promoters contain sequences with similarities to the PHO box known as the PhoB-binding site in phosphate-regulated promoters in Escherichia coli. The 5. meliloti phoB gene was required for the activation of exp gene expression under phosphate limitation, but not for induction of exp expression by MucR or ExpG.


Spacecraft science missions to small bodies (asteroids and comets) have historically visited only one or several small bodies per mission. Our research goal is to create a trajectory design algorithm that generates trajectory sets allowing a spacecraft to visit a significant number of asteroids during a single mission. There are thousands of known asteroids, and this huge search space makes identifying optimal or feasible asteroid itineraries an NP-complete combinatorial optimization problem. An algorithm has been developed to traverse the search space in a practical fashion and generate solutions, enabling trajectory design for multiple small body tours using available spacecraft propulsion technology.


A cleaning apparatus and a cleaning method for an immersion exposure, a computer program, and a storage medium are provided to improve a substrate cleaning efficiency before and/or after an exposure process by using a new process recipe that is made based on a parameter and a processing condition. A main body(71) of a cleaning apparatus is provided with instruments for performing a cleaning process on a substrate. A controller(72) controls the instruments in the main body. The controller stores a relationship between a parameter with respect to a surface status of a layer formed on the substrate and a hard condition and/or a process condition capable of performing a cleaning process corresponding to the parameter. The controller prepares a new process recipe based on the relationship when a surface status of a layer formed on the substrate is inputted, and direct the instruments to perform a cleaning process based on the new process recipe.


The invention relates to a metal plate two-sided punching device which comprises an upper punching drive device, an upper die plate and an upper punching head. The metal plate two-sided punching device further comprises a lower punching drive device located below the upper punching head, a lower die plate and a lower punching head. A clamping device is arranged between the upper punching head and the lower punching head. The clamping device comprises clamping blocks symmetrically arranged. The inner side of each clamping block is provided with a clamping groove. The outer side of one clamping block is fixedly connected with an air cylinder. The lower surface of the upper die plate and the upper surface of the lower die plate are respectively provided with one proximity switch. According to the metal plate two-sided punching device, hole machining is achieved by punching the two sides at the same time, thicker plates can be punched, the punching resistance is small and the punching efficiency is high; burrs on the hole edges are avoided in the two-sided punching process, a machined work-piece does not deform, and the quality is high; automatic control is achieved by adopting a controller, the motion is accurate, and the labor intensity is low.


"Yin and Yang" is the theoretical essence of ancient Chinese natural science. Based on the classics of "Huangdi Neijing", "Laozi" and "Zhouyi", "Yin and Yang" is the basis of the universal theory of all things: 1) The basis of the establishment of "Yin and Yang" is phenomena; 2) "Yin and Yang", as the general outline of all things, features the theory and method of the overall understanding of material phenomena; 3) The basic model description of "Yin and Yang" is "For phenomena, the syncretic structure is Yang, while the opposite side of the syncretic structure is Yin "; 4) The scientific connotationof "Yin and Yang": "Yang" is the macroscopic structural material quality of phenomena, "Yin" is the energy flow of the macroscopic structural material matching phenomena; 5. The model and meaning of "Yin and Yang" are the basis for strictly determining the nature and quantity of "Yin and Yang".


Introduction
Are we in the 'best days' for DAF Beef Research, Development and Extension (RD&E) or do you yearn for the good old days … the golden era? A difficult question, which really depends on ones' career path and experiences.
Yet, I have a hypothesis that there have been three distinct phases of Beef RD&E in the Department over the last 40 or so years. This hypothesis is from a research manager's perspective where I have questioned senior departmental colleagues, reviewed various grey literature, and from my own experiences in DAF since 2005 and in the Northern Territory Department since 1993.
Why is it important? Because culture, teamwork and an appropriate level of funding shape the quantity and quality of the workforce. This results in a steady flow of meaningful projects that make an impact to industry profitability and government priorities. Translating into innovation and professional papers that underpin staff training and personal development opportunities.


....................................................................................................................... ii PREFACE ......................................................................................................................... iv TABLE OF CONTENTS .....................................................................................................v LIST OF FIGURES ........................................................................................................... vii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ............................................................................................. viii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ..................................................................................................x


Planning is a complex process. Its main purpose is to organize future activities in compliance with objectives that want to be achieved. It is commonly recognized at the policy, programme, plan or project level. Tools used in various stages of planning can be applied at different levels of planning. A maximum degree of coherence, internally within the document or project and externally with other documents/ projects is a prerequisite for positive developmental impacts and successful project results. It will be accomplished through an intersectoral, interdisciplinary and multi- stakeholder approach, ensuring long-term benefits for a wide array of beneficiaries and users.


In this paper I will first explore the issues centering around the evolution of the interrogative word 物 as a common source into its modern descendants mak7 and other forms in Hakka. In contrast to the more uniform form in Southern Min, varieties of Hakka boast more variants such as mak7, maʔ7 and man3. Such a variation can be accounted for in terms of minor regional difference as well as types of phonological process. The retention of the bilabial nasal initial of the word 物 as a reflex of the Middle Chinese 微 phonological category in Hakka lends support to the thesis of lexical diffusion that sound change is not phonologically independent but rather bears the result of interaction with lexicon. Second, on the basis of earlier Hakka texts I will examine the patterns in the distribution of the modern reflex of 物 often written as a demotic word 乜 in its capacity of a variable as a component of the complex interrogative words 'what', 'who' (=what person) and 'why' (=do what kind) or universal quantifiers in Hakka. The finding of the patterns of the Hakka interrogative word will be brought to bear on the patterns of its precursor in Early Modern Chinese colloquial texts. Close attention will be paid to the interaction of inherent lexical properties of the interrogative word and the grammatical constructions in which it occurs. Last of all, an attempt is made to survey the distribution and evolution of the Hakka-related 物-based interrogative word in other dialectal areas.


In this study, the impact of the number of bubbles on the velocity of laser-induced microjet is numerically investigated, focusing on the pressure wave propagation generated by multiple laser-induced bubbles. First, we show that the microjet velocity increases with the increasing impulse of the pressure wave propagating to the meniscus direction. This result indicates that it is possible to study the structure of the pressure field generated from bubbles to investigate the effect on microjet generation. In addition, it is found that the microjet is weakened with the increase in the number of bubbles. Next, we show that the propagation of the pressure waves has two types. The first type is propagating from a bubble to a meniscus. The second type is propagating round trip between nearby bubbles or by the bubble itself. Finally, we explain the reason for the decrease in the microjet velocity with the increasing number of bubbles by an expansion history of the bubbles, which depends on their interaction with the pressure waves. These results could help to design not only laser-induced microjet generation but also devices that use laser-induced bubbles generated in a microchannel.


Correction of surface effect from back scattered solar radiance is one of key issue to retrieve aerosol information from satellite measurement.  In this study, two methods are applied to retrieve surface reflectance by using single visible channel measurement from meteorological imager onboard COMS. The first method is minimum reflectance method, which compose the minimum value among previously measured reflectance at each pixel. The method assumes that the darker pixel corresponds to the aerosol-free condition, and deduces the surface reflectance by correcting the atmospheric scattering from the measured visible reflectance. The second method estimates the result by correcting aerosol and atmospheric scattering with ground-based observation of aerosol optical depth, and the method is named as the "atmospheric correction method" in this study. The purpose of this study lies on the investigation of the retrieval accuracy of the minimum reflectance method. Also, the retrieval error caused by background aerosol loading is mainly estimated. The comparison between surface reflectance retrieved from the two methods shows good correlation with correlation coefficient of 0.81. However, the results from the minimum reflectance method is slightly overestimated than the value from the atmospheric comparison method when the surface reflectance is lower than 0.2. The average difference between two results is 0.011 without the background aerosol correction. By considering the background aerosol effect, however, the difference is reduced to 0.009.


a three month &dquo;early-bird&dquo; testing period prior to the official opening of the supercomputing center in April of that year. Since then some 230 users, working on over 120 projects, have taken advantage of its capabilities. The system has had an excellent reputation for reliability during the two years of its operation, and access over the last year has ranged from British Columbia on the Pacific Ocean to New


This paper has made an investigation on the current writing teaching mode among English majors in normal universities in China, by means of questionnaire, interview and class observation. The study finds out that the current writing teaching mode is not purely product approach or process approach. In fact, the two approaches to writing co-exist in today's English writing teaching, with product approach to writing enjoying a relatively dominant place. Problems are discovered of this writing teaching mode, such as students' inactive involvement in the class. Then, this paper focuses on the teachers and students to find out the reasons. At last, the author proposes MAP-CORE framework for English writing class.


In Malaysian education system, English is taught as a second language, but the reality may not be true for some learners. Consequently, code-switching is inevitable among bilinguals teachers as they are used to maintain communication where L1 and L2 are used for different purposes in ESL classroom. Only a few studies were done to discover the code-switching functions among in-service teachers in English language classrooms which lead to aims of the present study. Code-switching is beneficial in ESL classrooms and teachers should know when and how it is best used. This is a survey study that utilized questionnaires as an instrument to collect data. A total of forty-two in-service English teachers currently studying at Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia were chosen as the participants. The participants are chosen through purposive sampling because they are all English teachers teaching in ESL classrooms. The results suggested that the teachers have mixed perceptions on the use of code-switching. Furthermore, they advocated for judicious use of code-switching besides using it to help low proficiency learners . This perception further influences their use of code-switching where it was revealed that the teachers use code-switching mostly to help learners understand lesson content. Future research should focus on determining the correlation between teaching experience and the use of code-switching.


Abstract In alloys such as 22Cr–33Ni–Fe (wt-%), titanium can improve creep strength, but may also give excessive hardening and low ductility in some regimes. Experimental casts having various Ti, Mn, Mo, and Si contents were solution treated at 1250°C and age hardening at 550–650°C was studied. Two commercial 800 type alloys were included for comparison. Slow strain rate tensile tests were carried out at 550°C to relate flow stress to creep ductility and age hardening. Age hardening was related to Ni3Ti (γ′) particle size and equilibrium volume fraction, and to titanium solute depletion. The critical effect of free titanium ([Ti] – 3·4[N]) on the factors given above was apparent. Manganese suppressed an early stage of hardening at 600°C, apparently by hindering the clustering on cooling that nucleated a fine γ′ precipitate. Aluminium enhanced the effect of titanium, but this could not be attributed solely to substitution in γ′. Intermediate treatments at 850–900°C improved the inherent creep ductility at ...


Abstract We applied a newly developed three-dimensional, time-dependent, thermomechanical icesheet model including higher-order stress gradients, to simulate the ice flow across subglacial Vostok lake, East Antarctica. Simulations of both 'lake' and 'no lake' conditions (by treating the ice/lake interface as a stress-free surface, similar to an ice shelf) demonstrate the effects of the subglacial lake, such as pronounced surface flattening and ice-flow turning, on the overall ice dynamics in the vicinity, although subglacial lake dynamics are not treated explicitly. When buoyancy forces and hydrostatic equilibrium of the ice above the lake are taken into account, the along-lake surface slope is preserved and the ice-flow pattern is in accord with sparse observations. Model experiments point to a local ice speed-up in the northern part of the lake, which can be associated with the onset of an enhanced ice-flow feature, more precisely the onset of the Totten Glacier catchment.


space might be wasted. One or two small streams ran underneath several houses supported in this manner. Confined to the town by the heavy snowfall, the people were forced into an unusually intimate village relationship. Everyone knew everyone else in town; all events great and small were practically communal property. In 1925 the directors of the Great Northern Railroad authorized the construction of a new 8-mile tunnel nearly 1000 feet in elevation below the town of Tye. With the completion of this bore Tye was abandoned, business enterprises closed, and the railroad population scattered to new terminals.


It is already known that the microquantitative estimation of free and conjugated glucuronic acid in aqueous solution or in urine can be easily and accurately made by the colorimetric method of Ogata and Yamanouchi,1)2) but this method does not give accurate results if the sample contains glucose which interfers with the color reaction. Since glucuronic acid frequently occurs in urine with glucose, the author undertook to study the colorimetric estimation of free and combined glucuronic acid in the presence of glucose. The result of such a study showed that an accurate quantitative estimation of glucuronic acid is .possible in the samples consisting of mixed aqueous solutions of glucose and glucuronic acid, or of glucose, urea, free and combined glucuronic acid. (Since the final object of this study is the quantitative


This chapter discusses Taylor and Palmer's paper on the vascular territories including the design of the study (outcome measures, results, conclusions, and a critique).


The excitation of non-working modes is a very important factor affecting a relativistic klystron amplifier, especially the case of high-gain ones, and non-symmetry modes are also included. Meanwhile 3D structures cannot be avoided for the input and out put cavities in a relativistic klystron amplifier. Results from 2D theoretical analysis or 2D PIC simulation cannot meet the experiment's requirements. 3D study is carried out based on a high-gain relativistic amplifier structure obtained from 2D PIC simulation. Influence of 3D structure in the input and output cavity is carefully studied from beam-wave interaction. 3D PIC simulation is carried out, the excitation of non-symmetric modes is not observed, analysis of 3D structure is verified, and 2D PIC simulation results is also obtained: the rf output power is 0.57 GW with the beam of 5 kA and 600 kV when input power is 0.88 kW, and the corresponding gain is 6.48×10~5.


A 40W PIN diode switch in QFN2×2 package have been characterized and modelled. The design fulfilled the requirements for a medium-power microwave switch in a small, inexpensive plastic package. The thermal performance is comparable to that of more expensive ceramic devices.


The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Yoga on sustain attention in three groups of children with syndrome Attention - Deficit/ hyperactivity (ADHD), ADHD predominantly inattentive and ADHD predominantly hyperactivity. The number of 120 students (7-13 years old) with symptoms of ADHD were selected by Conner's teacher rating scale (CTRS), and parent rating- children symptom inventory (CSI-4), in common both forms, and were organized in two groups of Yoga and control. Continuous Performance Test (CPT) was done to evaluate sustain attention. Yoga group was given a 30-session course on Yoga training and control group, not. Then the same test was executed again on both groups as post-tests. The result was analyzed by multivariable covariance analysis (MANCOVA). The results of this study indicate the efficiency of Yoga on increasing sustain attention in all sub-groups of children with symptoms of ADHD. Based on these findings, we concluded that Yoga can effect and help in attention improvement. Verification of such effects can be used to design effective non-drug therapies, such as effect of Yoga therapy on symptoms of ADHD.


Part I Probability 1 Stochastic processes Andrew R. Wade, James R. Cruise, Ostap Hryniv 2 Monte-Carlo Methods Kurt Binder 3 Stochastic Differential Equations Gabriel Lord Part II Discrete Mathematics, Geometry, Topology 4 Graph and Network Theory Ernesto Estrada 5 Group Theory Robert Gilmore 6 Algebraic Topology Vanessa Robins 7 Special Functions Christopher Athorne 8 Computer Algebra James Davenport 9 Differentiable Manifolds Marcelo Epstein 10 Topics in Differential Geometry Marcelo Epstein Part III Analysis 11 Dynamical Systems David A. W. Barton 12 Perturbation Methods James Murdock 13 Functional Analysis Pavel Exner 14 Numerical Analysis Lyonell Boulton 15 Mathematical Transformations Rainer Picard, Des McGhee, Sascha Trostorff, Marcus Waurick 16 Partial Differential Equations Des McGhee, Rainer Picard, Sascha Trostorff, Marcus Waurick 17 Calculus of Variations Tomas Roubicek


Summary Lockdown, related to the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, presents the school, and with it also theologians and religious educators, a new (post)pandemic priority. It is not only the generally understood development of resilience in students in the face of threats to life and health, but also strengthening its "religious" dimension. Religious education can play an important role in this respect, as its strength lies in the ability to offer people a wide range of ways to cope with various life situations or adversities. This article first presents a critical analysis (the outline of the problem) of the changed existential and educational situation of students in the times of the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland. That, in turn, makes it possible to identify the social and educational consequences of lockdown, which are a challenge for religious education within the scope of educational activities in Poland and for the development of resilience. These considerations constitute a starting point for presenting the issue of religious constructs, prayer and theologization as educational vehicles of mental resilience that can effectively help children and adolescents expand their personal resources of these valuable – in an individual and social sense – skills.


SUMMARYThe somatic chromosome complement of Clarius batrachus consists of (1) a pair of large metacentrics, (2) two pairs of small metacentrics, (3) 21 pairs of medium-size telocentrics and (4) two pairs of very small telocentrics.


By analysis to the reasons of engine idling instability, its diagnosis and service methods are embarked. In this paper, taking an example of Honda Accord CD5 passenger car, by analysis, diagnosis and repair to its engine idling instability, finally the trouble is successfully cleared.


On the one hand, intellectual property rights protect prople's innovation capital against being dissipated and thus offer innovation inspiritment;on the other hand,intellectual property rights provide people with innovation opportunities and thus prompt the spread and application of technology.The utilization of opportunities,however,depends on other inspiritment mechanisms and also on people's ability to make use of those opportunities.


That the fermentative sugar can be obtained by wet oxidation pretreatment to corn straw is discussed here.The optimal pretreatment conditions are fixed through different reaction temperature and time.Under the environment,the quantity of glucose enzymatically converted from cellulose in the corn straw is increased obviously.


The EEl sponsored Linde study of ac superconducting power transmission lines dealt primarily with a pressurized helium dielectric system having an average electric stress of 200 kV /cm at the specified impulse voltage rating of the line. In this paper I have explored the effect on the overall system economics of varying the maximum allowed dielectric stress through the use of pressurized helium, vacuum or a solid dielectric. While a number of approximations have been made in the course of deriving the relation used to produce the curves shown in Figure 4, the following general conclusions can still be drawn from these results. First, for a reasonable choice of dielectric parameters the increase or decrease in the total system cost from that calculated for the pressurized helium system with EB = 200 kV / cm would generally be less than 15%. Second, for a given value of EB the solid dielectric system will be more expensive than a pressurized helium or vacuum dielectric system. Third, the cost of both the vacuum and pressurized helium dielectric systems decrease monotonically as the value of EB is increased. Fourth, for the solid dielectric system the cost initially decreases as EB is increased, reflecting the decrease in solid dielectric volume and hence dielectric cost, as well as the cost decreases arising from the decrease in size and cost of both the cryogenic envelope and its associated refrigeration requirements. Eventually, however, at high values of EB, the cost will increase with increasing EB, reflecting the increasing cost of the refrigeration needed to overcome the increase in dielectric loss as EB and, hence, the line capacitance increases.


The value of EOT in degrees is usually converted to solar-minutes to give the correction to mean solar time to obtain true solar time. The value of EOT for Mars over the Mars Observer mapping phase is plotted.


The British Union Flag was first raised on Australian soil on 26 January 1788. Although it is highly probable that the event at Port Jackson was marked with musical accompaniment from the first fleet's small contingent of military fife and drum marines, no accounts exist to show that this occurred. Instead, Australia's first recorded musical event took place two weeks later on 9 February – it was a far less auspicious occasion. For being found among the women's tents, a marine sailor suffered the indignity of being 'drum'd out of the Camp' to the strains of the 'Rogue's March'. As a further insult to the new colony, two days later three civilians were caught in identical compromising positions and suffered the same punishment accompanied, again, by the 'Rogue's March'. Given the unique position of the tune in Australian history as its first acknowledged British musical import and performance, the 'Rogue's March' and its British and colonial associations with public spectacle, punishment and humiliation, both in military and civilian life, demands its own short history. The 'Rogue's March' first appeared in print in about 1750 in Rutherfoord's Compleat Tutor for the Fife. The tune's military credentials were established with its second appearance, this time in Thompson's Compleat Tutor (c1759), the title of which continues with references to the Celebrated March's and Airs Perform'd in the Guards and other Regiments &c. From Thompson's Tutor on, the 'Rogue's March' became firmly attached to ritual processes in the British army, the Royal Navy and their camp followers' lives. The monotonous drum beat that often accompanied the fifes (but which could be played solo in place of the melody as a drum command) first appeared in print in 1780 when Longman and Broderip issued separate fife and drum tutors containing the tune. Based on these sources, Ex. 1 shows the tune as it may have been played in the first weeks of Britain's new colony.


Alcohol consumption is a threat to public health in Canada, contributing to morbidity, injury, and mortality.[1][1] Although primary care physicians are encouraged to screen for alcohol use, studies have found that they often neglect to do so because they lack confidence or the skills necessary to


MicroRNA-34 (miR-34), in particular miR-34a, has a negative regulatory effect on osteosarcoma cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Notably, it is also a post-transcriptional regulatory factor of (sex determining region Y)-box 2 (Sox-2), which is required for osteosarcoma cell self-renewal and tumorigenesis. As a direct regulator of Sox-2, miR-34a has been hypothesized to be greatly associated with the regulation of malignancies in osteosarcoma. To investigate the role of miR-34a in the malignancies of osteosarcoma, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction was performed to detect the expression level of miR-34a in osteospheres. The results revealed that the miR-34a, b and c were suppressed in osteosarcoma stem-like cells (OSCs) and osteospheres. The introduction of miR-34a mimics and short hairpin (sh)RNA targeting Sox-2 mRNA (shSox-2) in human OSCs markedly reduced their transformation properties in vitro and their capacity to form tumors in soft agar. Furthermore, the epigenetic expression of miR-34a and shSox-2 inhibited the expression of the stem cell marker, stem cell antigen-1 and led to the failure of osteosphere formation, respectively. The data of the present study indicated that the inhibitory role of miR-34a on tumor growth and metastasis of osteosarcoma may function by reducing the maintenance of osteosphere self-renewal capacity, elimination of tumorigenic ability and invasion of osteosarcoma in vitro. These findings may provide the basis for a novel therapeutic target of osteosarcomas based on inducing the expression of miR-34a.


Learners will experience communication difficulties caused by a lack of linguistic capital in the process of learning a second language. Communication techniques are approaches used by learners to resolve these issues in order to articulate their intended meaning. Paraphrasing, substitution, coining new words, returning to the first language, and asking for clarity may be the techniques used. The purpose of this study is to analyse the communication techniques used by learners and teachers in the foreign language classroom. In this regard, the purpose of this article is to highlight and justify the socio-pedagogical conditions that help to motivate non-linguistic students to learn a foreign language. The article reveals the essential characteristics of motivation, describes the main types and functions of students' motivation related to learning a foreign language. Based on the methods of theoretical and empirical research, the criteria for increasing the level of students' motivation are proposed. The implementation of the latter is presented as a holistic process, including a number of interrelated components.


Byline: M. S. V. K.. Raju Dr. Prasad Rao Garu, distinguished guests and friends, I have been looking forward to this moment with much trepidation for almost a year, because the unwritten law of the society lays down the rule that its presidents must speak on any topic of their liking, or disliking as the case may be, on a day like this. I have been a sort of an up-and-down all-rounder in psychiatry all my life in the armed forces and the "civilized" existence after bidding adieu to uniform. Over the years, I have had the privilege, as a teacher, of putting some brilliant minds through their paces in psychiatry, dabbled in surface-skimming research on a variety of topics ranging from schizophrenia, substance use, imaging, phospholipids, genetics, neuroendocrinology, sleep, and dreams; I have an abiding interest in military psychiatry and I am a clinician with some interest in the currently unglamorous unconscious processes. As I mulled over the looming specter of the speech, several topics clamored for attention. To my utter unease, I was not finding any one of the topics interesting enough to excite my little grey cells. Fortunately, a couple of weeks ago, I traveled to my native village in Odisha to pay obeisance to our family deity. It so happened that I was required to attend to a lady there who was in some distress. Besides some words of comfort, I was obliged to procure and provide the medicines as well to her. She took the proffered pills as if they were an offering of the Gods and then asked me what she should eat. Unwittingly the tribal lady made the unease in my mind cease at that very moment. I decided to speak on food and all the good, and in certain cases bad, it does to a person in sickness and health. It is very common for the patients in India to ask what food substances they should and should not have while undergoing treatment. It is a way of life in traditional homes in India to consider food as the manifestation of the immanent and transcendent unity called Brahma or Atman: "Annam Parabrahma Swaroopam" are the oft-quoted words of the elders to the young. The Taittiriya Upanishad, a treatise of philosophy of more than 3000 years antiquity, states "Annam Bhootanam Jyeshtam tasmat annam sarvaushadam ucyate" which when translated means "Food verily is the eldest born of beings and therefore it is the healing herb for all."[sup][1] I still remember vividly the surges of energy and sense of luminescent wellness that coursed through my person on eating small cups of cooked rice with warm lentil soup after getting thoroughly shaken and stirred by bouts of malaria in childhood. Intuitively, we all recognize the healing qualities of food but somehow we seem to have lost the way as we started focusing exclusively on molecules. Fortunately, there is a resurgence of interest in nutrition in mainstream psychiatry of late.[sup][2],[3],[4],[5],[6] The World of Nutrition The world is facing a nutritional crisis. Approximately 3 billion people of the world have low-quality diets. Despite the gains of reducing hunger over the past 25 years, malnutrition prevails in all forms affecting one in three people worldwide. Poor diet is responsible for the largest burden of global ill health: six of the top 11 risk factors are diet related. The "double burden" of undernutrition on one side and obesity on the other is a phenomenon of this century.[sup][7] Nutrition continues to be a central health, economic, and sustainable development challenge for every region on the planet.[sup][8] Globally, while 794 million are calorie deficient and 2 billion suffering from micronutrient malnutrition, 1.9 billion are overweight/obese, 161 million children under 5 years of age have stunted growth indicating chronic malnutrition, and 57 million of children


The spectral luminescent properties and photolysis of the ionic forms (neutral, cationic and anionic) of bisphenol A have been studied experimentally and by methods of quantum chemistry. Calculations and experiment have shown that, in comparison with a neutral form, no new absorption bands appear in the absorption spectra of ionic form in the range 200–600 nm. The polar solvent (water) shifts the absorption spectrum bands of ionic forms towards low energies. In this case, the shift of the absorption spectrum of the cation is insignificant, and the shift of the anion is significant with an increase in the intensity of the absorption bands. The low quantum yield of fluorescence of ionic form is explained by the prevalence of the efficiency of singlet-triplet conversion over the efficiency of the radiation channel of decay of the fluorescent state. The low quantum yield of fluorescence of the anionic form is due not only to the effective singlet-triplet conversion, but also to the low efficiency of the radiative decay of the fluorescent state of the anion caused by a change in its orbital nature. Calculations have shown that the potential curves of the excited states of bisphenol A and its ionic forms have a significant potential barrier to photolysis. The increase in the efficiency of the process of photodissociation of the bisphenol A anion is caused by a noticeable decrease in the potential barrier and an increase in the overlap of the absorption spectra of the bisphenol A anion and solar radiation.


T h e Sippar texts now in Istanbul were excavated in 1894 by V. Scheil, working on behalf of the Ottoman government. 1 Scheil published the results o f his excavation in 19022 ; that publication included a catalogue of many of the texts he found, Old Babylonian and Neo-Babylonian. Some were merely described briefly; others were presented in copy, transliteration and translation, photo, or any combination thereof. Since then a number of the Old Babylonian Sippar texts in Istanbul have been published3 , but most of them remain unpublished. Veysel Donbaz and I plan a joint publication which will incorporate all the Old Babylonian Sippar texts in the collection, including a number that were not


One thousand sixteen gastric cancer (GC) patients and 1 623 population controls, interviewed in a multicentric study in Italy, reported their family history for gastric, esophageal, and colorectal cancer. A significant association was found only with a history of GC in a sibling or in a parent [odds ratio (OR), 2.6 and 1.7, respedivelyl, which persisted after adjusting for potential confounders including nutrient intake. Adjusted GCrisk was higher for subjeds having an affeded mother than an affeded father (OR, 2.3 and 1 .3) and showed a further increase for subjeds reporting both parents (OR, 3.0) or two or more siblings affeded with GC (OR, 8.5). The proportion of patients with an affeded first-degree relative was higher among females, in the elderly, and in high-risk areas. Among adult siblings of controls and cases, GC prevalence reported at interview was 1 and 2.7%, respedively; a further increase was shown in families with at least one parent affeded (1 .4 and 5.7%). GC risk associated with a positive family history was greater among residents of low-risk areas where risks were increased about two-fold. Among cases, family history of GC was not related to blood group A or to histological type according to the Lauren classification. These findings are discussed in terms of the contributions of genetic and environmental risk fadors and their possible interadions.


Objective: To evaluate the dose-effect relationship of Niuhuang-Jiangya capsule in the treatment of mild to moderate essential hypertension. Methods: Applying of N-of-1 randomized controlled trial designs to carry out individual treatment and evaluation of Chinese medicines, we evaluated the dose-effect relationship of Niuhuang-Jiangya capsule in the treatment of mild to moderate essential hypertension. Spss13.0 software was used for statistical analysis of the different dose groups. Results: Eleven subjects participated (nine completed, two withdrew for personal reasons), Results shew that the high dose group of Niuhuang-Jiangya capsule reduced blood pressure about 2 mmHg more than the low-dose group, especially for systolic blood pressure. Other index had some improvement. Conclusion: Niuhuang-Jiangya capsule can be used for mild to moderate hypertension particularly for lowering systolic blood pressure. N-of-1 studies are useful in deciding treatment for Chinese medicine.


2520 Background: Cryotherapy provides a known local treatment effect for cancer. Additionally, many reports suggest that preservation of tumor antigens in the cryoablation (cryo) treatment site may lead to a systemic immune response that may treat remote tumor. However, the capacity of cryo to induce a regression of metastatic lesions may be limited by tumor-induced alterations of the immune system, including tumor-specific T cell tolerance and suppression. One method of awakening dormant anti-tumor immunity is by treating cancer-bearing animals with cyclophosphamide (Cy), to eliminate suppressor T cells, and allogeneic donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI), to provide an exogenous source of CD4+ T cell help for endogenous, tumor-specific CD8+ T cells. We therefore asked whether Cy ± DLI could augment the anti-tumor effect of cryo in a mouse metastatic colon cancer model.

METHODS
BALB-C mice were inoculated on d0 with the 106 syngeneic CT-26 SQ to generate local tumor and 105 IV via tail vein injection to generate lung metastases. The SQ tumor was then treated on d14 with either surgical excision or cryo, and mice were treated further with nothing, Cy alone (200 mg/kg IP on d13), or Cy plus CD8+ T cell-depleted DLI from allogeneic donors. At d102, surviving animals were re-challenged with 105 CT-26 cells IV. 5 previously untreated BALB-C controls were injected at the same time with 105 CT-26 IV.

RESULTS
Our data demonstrates a survival advantage of mice treated with Cy plus cryo (med. survival 100.5 days) compared to animals treated with Cy + surgery (med. survival 33d; p = .002). Furthermore, a significant (p = .0006) effect of the adoptive immunotherapy was seen with a comparison between the surgery +Cy group (med. survival 33d), and the surgery +Cy/DLI group (med. survival 60d). There are currently 6/18 mice alive at d143 that received cryo + Cy±DLI. In the re-challenge experiment, all control animals died of tumor by d19 with a med. survival of d18. 6/7 re-treated animals remain alive and free of tumor 41d after tumor re-challenge (p = .0041).

CONCLUSIONS
These results suggest a systemic immune effect on distant metastases may occur after local cryo when cryo is coupled with Cy alone and Cy+DLI. The results from this experiment warrant further characterization of the mechanisms for the anti-tumor effects observed. No significant financial relationships to disclose.


Space and Place in DialogueThe Unnamable is generally regarded as one of Beckett's most placeless texts, with the consensus being that the novel is narrated by a voice who inhabits no place.1 However, recently published archival material - particularly the second volume of letters - places the novel in the midst of a long discussion between Beckett and Georges Duthuit on the nature and depiction of space in painting, specifically on the relationship between space and identity. Beckett's long dialogue with Duthuit between 1948 and 1950 involved him in a debate on space and painting which had been going on since the beginning of the century, and had included at various points Henri Matisse (Duthuit's father-inlaw), Andre Masson, and two almost forgotten philosophers, Camille Schuwer and Matthew Stewart Prichard, among others. During this period in which The Unnamable was written, in French as L'Innommable between March 1949 and January 1950, Beckett read Duthuit's work and discussed it with him; he also translated a great deal of it. For all Beckett's interest in them, though, Duthuit's published texts remain at best a footnote in Beckett scholarship, perhaps as a result of the apparent rejection of Duthuit's thought in "Three Dialogues." However, the reality is much more complex than this. Beckett's engagement with Duthuit's work during the composition of L'Innommable was profound and wholehearted, even - or especially - when he attempted to distance himself from that work. My argument here is that Duthuit's thought appears in L'Innommable/The Unnamable as the novel's excluded other - and a most significant and insistent one at that.The 'long dialogue' between Duthuit and Beckett began in earnest when the latter visited Ireland in the summer of 1948. With him on his trip, Beckett took - or Duthuit sent him - what appear to be the latter's five 1929-31 Cahiers d'art articles on Matisse and fauvism.2 As Remi Labrusse has shown, over the summer of 1949 Duthuit rewrote these five articles into a book-length study, Les fauves. As a result of Beckett's already longstanding knowledge of his work, it was natural for Duthuit, after a poor English translation of his book was produced by Ralph Manheim, to ask Beckett to undertake the task, which he accepted and carried out during the autumn and winter of 1949, the result becoming The Fauvist Painters in 1950.3 Concurrently, Duthuit composed "Byzantine Space," which appeared in the same number of Transition as "Three Dialogues." The dialogues themselves were written over the spring and summer of 1949, and appeared in December 1949. During the composition of this latter text, Duthuit first sent Beckett a summary of Masson's thought as expressed in his forthcoming article, "Divagations sur l'espace" (5 March 1949; Beckett 2011, 142-43 n.5), and then seemingly the published article, which appeared in Les temps modernes in June 1949.4 In the midst of this extremely close involvement with Duthuit's thought, Beckett wrote the first draft of L'Innommable between 29th March 1949 and 5th January 1950, ending within days of finishing the translation of Les fauves.5The common theme which Beckett would have found throughout Duthuit's published work, and which Duthuit finds supported in the work of Bergson, Prichard, Schuwer and Matisse, is the idea of existence as a continuum. Briefly, as I have treated this in depth elsewhere,6 Bergson compares time and being to a melody, arguing that we do not hear a tune note by note but as a totality: as we hear each present note, we retain the memory of the preceding ones, and it is this blending of past and present notes which constitutes our experience of the tune: "even if these notes succeed one another, yet we perceive them in one another" (100-01). Moments are blended with each other in a "succession without distinction," a "mutual penetration" (Bergson, 101). But Duthuit extends this, arguing that objects, places and the subjects which inhabit them are also mutually penetrating. …


An analysis to predict the pressurant gas requirements for the discharge of cryogenic liquid propellants from storage tanks is presented, along with an algorithm and two computer programs. One program deals with the pressurization (ramp) phase of bringing the propellant tank up to its operating pressure. The method of analysis involves a numerical solution of the temperature and velocity functions for the tank ullage at a discrete set of points in time and space. The input requirements of the program are the initial ullage conditions, the initial temperature and pressure of the pressurant gas, and the time for the expulsion or the ramp. Computations are performed which determine the heat transfer between the ullage gas and the tank wall. Heat transfer to the liquid interface and to the hardware components may be included in the analysis. The program output includes predictions of mass of pressurant required, total energy transfer, and wall and ullage temperatures. The analysis, the algorithm, a complete description of input and output, and the FORTRAN 4 program listings are presented. Sample cases are included to illustrate use of the programs.


The goal of this research is to develop a systematic, integrated method of designing efficient search algorithms that solve optimization problems in real time. Search algorithms studied in this thesis comprise meta-control and primitive search. The class of optimization problems addressed are called combinatorial optimization problems, examples of which include many NP-hard scheduling and planning problems, and problems in operations research and artificial-intelligence applications. The problems we have addressed have a well-defined problem objective and a finite set of well-defined problem constraints. In this research, we use state-space trees as problem representations. The approach we have undertaken in designing efficient search algorithms is an engineering approach and consists of two phases: (a) designing generic search algorithms, and (b) improving by genetics-based machine learning methods parametric heuristics used in the search algorithms designed. Our approach is a systematic method that integrates domain knowledge, search techniques, and automated learning techniques for designing better search algorithms. Knowledge captured in designing one search algorithm can be carried over for designing new ones.


The comprehensive water quality management planning (COWAMP) program being undertaken by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania responds to the latest Federal legislation and regulations, as well as to state requirements. The study program, which has been divided into nine separate local studies, represents a coordinated statewide effort to establish a valid water quality management plan that responds to alternative environmental futures and features a precedent- setting degree of public participation. The Pennsylvania attack on the complex problem of creating realistic yet agressive water quality management criteria, based not only on the technological but also the social, economic, and land-use aspects of environmental planning. By articulating and incorporating environmental amenities unique to Pennsylvania, the program will be tailored specifically to the Commonwealth's needs.


The aim of this study was to generate a concept about integral professional training. A process of theoretical inquiry and interpretation was undertaken in the light of critical education theory, using documentary analysis and consultation with curriculum experts from six national universities. Integral professional training was defined as attention to the human, social and professional being, in humanistic as well as scientific-technological aspects; this implies the fundamental


This study promotes a reflection on the training of technical staff of the Health Surveillance. It is characterized by a qualitative study. The technique of documental analysis and the method of content analysis were used. The principal objective was to analyze the training, considering the premises of professional education in healthcare and the health surveillance model and the specific objectives were to analyze the plan of the Technical Course of Health Surveillance, in light of the Curricular Guidelines and Orientations proposed by the Ministry of Health and to identify the key concepts of professional education and of VISAU for the organization of technical training in this area of actuation. The data obtained were transcribed and analyzed, following the procedures of content analysis. The main results obtained show that the course plan does not incorporate the social, cultural and political dimensions of territory, essential in the training of TECVISAU, and health problems are not recognized as social necessities that have not been met. Furthermore, teamwork does not express an integration between Surveillance and Basic Care in the perspective of the social production of health. The course plan must incorporate the premises of VISAU and incorporate a historico-critical perspective.


The efficiency of eight pre-enrichment media (lactose broth, two modifications of lactose broth (added NaHCO3 or added NaHCO3 and brilliant green dye), lauryl tryptose broth, nutrient broth, buffered peptone water, trypticase soy broth, and chemically defined M-9 medium) for recovering three Salmonella serotypes from casein was determined. Lowest Salmonella most probable numbers (MPNs) in artificially inoculated casein were found when samples were pre-enriched in either modification of lactose broth. None of the other media consistently gave the highest Salmonella MPNs. When 35 and 43°C incubation temperatures were compared during the pre-enrichment and selective enrichment stages of the isolation procedures, highest MPN values were obtained when 35°C was used throughout the analytical procedure. Blended casein homogenates required adjustment to pH 6.8 ± 0.2 for optimal recovery of Salmonella. Lactose broth used under these conditions of incubation temperature and pH adjustment generally resulted in methods sensitive enough to recover one Salmonella cell per gram of four types of casein (lactic, rennet, acid, and sodium caseinate).


This research is an exploratory study that determines the genotypes of carcass and fatness traits in Central Javanese local ducks based on the lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and perilipin (PLIN) genes. A 35 ducks were sampled from seven local ducks in Central Java. The duck's DNA was isolated from its feathers. PLP and PLIN genes were amplified by PCR method using specific primers. In the RFLP analysis, PCR products were digested with the restriction enzymes MvaI (BstNI) (5'CC/WGG) and Bsp1286. (SduI) (GDGCH/C), for LPL and PLIN gene, respectively. The results of PCR-RFLP analysis on local ducks in this study showed a monomorphic in exon 2 of the PLIN gene and polymorphic in exon 5 of the LPL gene. Based on the LPL gene, as many as 29 ducks (82.85%) had GG genotypes, 3 ducks (8.57%) had AG types and 3 ducks (8.47%) had AA types. Both PLIN and LPL genotypes were clustered the Central Javanese local ducks into 3 haplotypes (A-C). The duck samples were dominated by haplotype A (82.85%) followed by haplotype B (8.57%) and haplotype C (8.57%). Results showed that 82.85% of Central Javanese local ducks genetically had a good of fatness traits but a low of carcass traits.


AND BACKGROUND Research is focused on systematic experimental and theoretical studies of the unique magneticmartensitic phase transformation in R5T4 materials (where R is Gd and other rare earths and T is a main group-IV element Si, Ge, or Sn, and in some cases, a certain amount of Ga or Sb substituting for Si, Ge and/or Sn) to achieve understanding of the underlying electronic structure and the microscopic interactions bringing about extremely strong coupling of the magnetic moments with the lattice. Another goal is the development and validation of a phenomenological-based model of the magneticmartensitic transformation, which will provide fundamental guidance for the discovery of novel material systems exhibiting extremely large magnetocaloric, magnetostrictive, and magnetoresistance responses to small changes of magnetic field, temperature, and pressure. The distinctiveness of the R5T4 series can be linked to crystallographic low-dimensionality of its members. Regardless of x, all R5T4 compounds are natural multi-layers, where flat sheets of tightly bound R and T atoms are sandwiched between two densely populated


The phospha-Diels–Alder reaction between 2H-phospholes and arylallenes affords 6-methylene-1-phosphanorbornenes in high yields with excellent regioselectivity. This Diels–Alder reaction proceeds at the internal CC double bond of allenes selectively. DFT calculations of possible transition states finely demonstrate the regioselectivity of the reaction. The nucleophilic addition of Ph2PH to 6-methylene-1-phosphanorbornene sulfides and subsequent desulfurization provide the bidentate phosphine ligands 6, which have a fascinating 1-phosphanorbornene modified PCH2CH2P skeleton. The potential applications of 6 as ligands were demonstrated by coordination with transition metals.


The ionic currents through sodium channels of nodal membrane were measured under voltage clamp conditions at normal and low pH external solutions. Inhibition of the currents at low pH was described on the assumption that there are two acid groups at the sodium channel: one (inner) within the pore, the second (surface) just near external end of the pore. The protonation of the inner group is potential-dependent and causes an almost complete blockage of the channel; the protonation of the surface group is potential-independent and results in a partial decrease in channel conductance. Calculations according to this model allowed an estimatation of effective pK values for each of the groups, the electric distance from the outer to the inner group and the degree of Coulombic interaction between both groups. From reversal potential measurements, relative permeability of the sodium channels to H + ions (PJPNa) was estimated to be 274 ±156 (±S.D.).


The extraction technology of total flavones from Spartina was optimized by response surface methodology.The content of total flavones was taked as the target.The optimal parameters was obtained by response surface design.The factors including the ratio of material to liquid,microwave power,ethanol volume fraction and extraction time were studied.The best extraction condition was as follows: the ratio of material to water as 1∶20,550W of the microwave power,75% ethanol and 4.5min of extraction time.In these conditions the total flavones extraction rate from Spartina was 0.51%.The optimized extraction process was feasible and suitable to serve as rationale for the industrialization.The prediction values of the model were well agreed with the experimental values.


Objective: To estimate the risk of HIV behavior among Wuhan men who have sex with men(MSM).Methods: A total of 96 MSM were surveyed in some gay-identified clubs in Wuhan city in May,2005 and completed questionnaires about their sexual behavior and the knowledge about AIDS risk.Results: Of all men surveyed,41.7% were at age from 21 to 30;95.8% got a senior high school degree or above.And most men surveyed were students,company employees and government employees.Of MSM,50.0% MSM had female partners and 13.5% had more than one female partner in their lives before.44.8% MSM reported at which they the age that had sex with a man firstly was 16-18 years old.Sexually transmitted disease was reported by only 8.3% of the men.Of all men surveyed,67.7% had unprotected anal sex in the past six months,38.5% did not use condom in the last anal sex.And consistent condom use was reported by only 32.3% of the men.Their knowledge about AIDS risk and critical HIV risk-reduction steps was limited.Only(36.5%) of the men surveyed detected HIV.Logistic analysis showed that high risk behavior was predicted by young age,limited knowledge about AIDS risk,and low education level.(Conclusion:) To avert a widespread epidemic,HIV prevention interventions for Wuhan MSM were critically needed.


Semester 1 • Complete MUN 1000 with a minimum grade of C (keyboard emphasis students must complete MVK 3702 instead) • Complete MUS 1010 with a grade of S • Complete MUT 1111 and MUT 1241L with minimum grades of C • Complete MVK 1111 with a minimum grade of C (keyboard emphasis students exempt) • Complete 2 credits of (MV_ 141_) Performance Principal with a minimum grade of C • Voice emphasis only must complete MUS 2211 and MUS 2241 • 2.0 UF GPA required


A fibrous filtering material is a kind of fiber assembly whose structure exhibits a three-dimensional (3D) network with dense microscopic open channels. The geometrical/morphological attributes, such as orientations, curvatures and compactness, of fibers in the network is the key to the filtration performance of the material. However, most of the previous studies were based on materials' 2D micro-images, which were unable to accurately measure these important 3D features of a filter's structure. In this paper, we present an imaging method to reconstruct the 3D structure of a fibrous filter from its optical microscopic images. Firstly, a series of images of the fiber assembly were captured at different depth layers as the stage moved vertically. Then a fusion image was established by extracting fiber edges from each layered image. Thirdly, the 3D coordinates of the fiber edges were determined using the sharpness/clarity of each edge pixel in the layered images. Finally, the 3D structure the fiber system was reconstructed through distance transformation based on the locations of fiber edges.


This article examines a generally unnoticed chapter of the Vietnam War: the use of former Vietcong combatants as scouts in the United States military forces during the war. The name of the program was the Kit Carson Scout Program. The article will deal with all the aspects of the program, including the training program, the process of stationing the scouts in the United States Army and Marines units, and the significance contribution to the war efforts.


This article discusses the issue of pregnancy out of wedlock which has become a great social challenge that needs to be tackled immediately. Getting pregnant out of wedlock leads to the risk of babies being abandoned or left to die which will affect our generation. The purpose of this article is to discuss pragmatic steps that can be taken so that the babies have the rights to live. One of the steps is the creation of baby hatch, shelter for affected teenagers, and adoption. Adoption seems like an appropriate solution to let the illegitimate child grow within a family but there are challenges that need to be tackled such as legal issues, psychological issues, Islamic rules and breast feeding of adopted children.


The United States Department of Energy (DOE) is building a Waste Treatment Plant (WTP) at the DOE Hanford Site in the state of Washington to process stored radioactive wastes for long-term storage and disposal. The Savannah River National Laboratory (SRNL) is helping resolve technical concerns with the WTP, which are related to piping erosion/corrosion (wear). SRNL is assisting in the design of a flow loop to obtain long term wear rates that will use prototypic simulant chemistry, operating conditions, and materials. The challenge is to accurately measure slurry wear to a pipe wall thickness tolerance of 47 microns/year anywhere in the test flow loop in a timely manner. A first step in such a test is to secure knowledge of high wear locations so that highly sensitive measurement techniques can be incorporated and properly located. Literature exists to help locate such wear locations in pipe and pipe fittings but most of the information deals with slurry flows that have significantly different velocities, different flows steams, e.g., steam, gas-liquid-solids, or made from different materials. To better estimate these high wear rate locations under the WTP conditions a separate pre-test flow loop was constructed and operated. This loop is referred to as the paint loop because it was internally coated with paint, which wears faster than the steel pipe, when a solids-laden slurry is circulated. The test flow conditions were a slurry velocity of 4 m/s in a 0.0762 -m (3-inch) Schedule 40 pipe system, resulting in Reynolds number just above 3 × 105, i.e., turbulent flow at a temperature of 25°C. The slurry was a mixture of water and sand, d50 ∼ 199 microns. This paper describes the test paint loop, its operation, and indicates the high slurry wear locations, as well as a comparison of those locations to existing literature sources.Copyright © 2015 by ASME


Abstract Free volume quantities proposed earlier by Boyer and Simha in connection with the glass transition are reformulated by taking into account the temperature dependence of the thermal expansivities α l and αg for the liquid and the glass, respectively. This necessitates an extrapolation of the liquid to temperatures below Tg which is performed by means of the reduced volume-temperature function established and given a theoretical foundation previously. For the glass, low temperature experimental data, encompassing all relaxations occuring below Tg, are required. Two polymer series are examined in detail, namely, poly(methacrylates) and poly(vinyl) alkyl ethers, where αg has been measured between at least 30°K and Tg. Results for poly(methylacrylate) and poly(styrene) are also given. The systematic decrease in the product (αl - αg) · T|T=Tg with increasing length of the side chain noted previously is considerably reduced but not eliminated when the appropriately corrected expression is substituted in...


The objective is to identify the emergency and position of the small business in the productive structure and to analyse their relationship with the recovery of the dynamism of the city of Campo Limpo Paulista, from 2000s. It is a descriptive study, which uses the approach of the case study, with a longitudinal design. Data collection was done in institutional bases: RAIS e SEADE. To characterize the firms created during the period a survey was carried out, with a sample, using a questionnaire, applied in the period from july to October 2011. The results of the study indicated that the presence of a large multinational company was not able to attract a significant number of firms to do the city. However, from the mid-1990s and more emphatically from 2000s, macroeconomic conditions and development in Sao Paulo/Jundiai/Campinas axis made the location advantages of the city a source of attraction for small and micro firms, mainly in trade and services. New small business have benefited from de local effects of this dynamisms, but given its limitations, local policies must support this productive structure.


Rolling element bearings made from highly-elastic intermetallic materials (HIM)s, such as 60NiTi, are under development for applications that require superior corrosion and shock resistance. Compared to steel, intermetallics have been shown to have much lower rolling contact fatigue (RCF) stress capability in simplified 3-ball on rod (ASTM STP 771) fatigue tests. In the 3-ball tests, poor material quality and microstructural flaws negatively affect fatigue life but such relationships have not been established for full-scale 60NiTi bearings. In this paper, 3-ball-on-rod fatigue behavior of two quality grades of 60NiTi are compared to the fatigue life of full-scale 50mm bore ball bearings made from the same materials. 60NiTi RCF rods with material or microstructural flaws suffered from infant mortality failures at all tested stress levels while high quality 60NiTi rods exhibited no failures at lower stress levels. Similarly, tests of full-scale bearings made from flawed materials exhibited early surface fatigue and through crack type failures while bearings made from high quality material did not fail even in long-term tests. Though the full-scale bearing test data is yet preliminary, the results suggest that the simplified RCF test is a good qualitative predictor of bearing performance. These results provide guidance for materials development and to establish minimum quality levels required for successful bearing operation and life.


This study investigates language use and language attitudes in state kindergarten education in Cyprus. Kindergarten education is the primary setting where Greek-Cypriots learn to employ the standard variety on a systematic basis. Consequently, the context of kindergarten education is a principal setting for examining language attitudes and language variation. Specifically, this study examines whether teachers' ambiguities regarding language use exist in kindergarten education as in other levels of formal education and whether at the age of kindergarten education children's language attitudes towards the standard and non-standard varieties begin to develop. The data gathered via class observations and teacher interviews suggest that teacher ambiguities do seem to exist in relation to the use of the two varieties in the classroom and children do distinguish between the two language varieties, as they employ these on different speaking occasions in the classroom with their peers and teachers.


The "Length approach" is a method of improving English learning through writing long compositions.This passage introduces the "length approach" into the college English writing,and discusses its importance in improving students' writing abilities.The analysis shows that "The length approach" achieves great results.


Using a glucose−glycine system as a Maillard reaction model, the rate of inhibition toward active oxygen by Maillard reaction products (MRP) was investigated by electron spin resonance (ESR). MRP o...


Environmental and ship performance data were collected in the Bering and Chukchi Seas while aboard USCGC POLAR STAR in April and May 1982. This was the fourth phase of a multi-year program to make an operational assessment on the feasibility of a year-round transportation system, including offshore structures, serving Alaska. This is the second volume of a six volume set and reports the measured and observed ice conditions encountered during operations in the Bering and Chukchi Seas.


Applying machine learning techniques to large datasets of in situ analyses has been proven to be a powerful tool in Earth Sciences. However, problems may arise when dealing with minerals such as chlorite, that exist as a solid solution rather than a single, stoichiometric ideal. It can be difficult to determine whether the variations in major element concentrations are due to compositional difference in the mineral of interest or due to sampling of the surrounding mineral phases in addition to the mineral of interest during the analyses. If the latter, interpretations of the results would be complicated, misled or even spurious. Here we present a method to identify chlorite based on the major and minor element content, from both LA‐ICPMS and EPMA data. Further we present a dataset of 3,317 analyses of chlorite and have shown that 7.4% of these analyses include significant quantities of non‐chlorite material.


To compare the prevalence of urinary incontinence (UI) measured by Barthel Index and the Danish Prostate Symptom Score (DAN‐PSS‐1) questionnaire in stroke patients.


The experiment uses Elymus as the test materials with other conditions remaining unchanged and mixed fertilizer aquasorb to study the influence of the different buried depth of trace irrigation pipe on the growth density,height,biomass of Elymus.The results show that Elymus growth density does not change significantly over time,while increases with the increase of the buried depth of trace irrigation pipe;the height and biomass increase with the increase of the time and the buried depth of trace irrigation pipe,but the increasing rate gets smaller and smaller;Under the premise of mixed fertilizer aquasorb,when the buried depth of trace irrigation pipe is 25 cm,the growth of Elymus is the best.


The fine structure for the spectral distribution of the time-averaged radiation power of four electrons moving one by one along a spiral in transparent medium in relativistic case is studied by using the analytical and numerical methods. Special attention is given to the research of the spectral distribution of radiation power of four electrons in dependence of the magnitude of time shifts between the electrons.


A classroom researcher spent a year studying the instruction of a teacher who pairs multimodal texts with Shakespeare to disrupt the canon.


Automated information system design and implementation is one of the fastest changing aspects of the hospitality industry. During the past several years nothing has increased the professionalism or improved the productivity within the industry more than the application of computer technology. Intuitive software applications, deemed the first step toward making computers more people-literate, object-oriented programming, intended to more accurately model reality, and wireless communications are expected to play a significant role in future technological advancement. This article is available in Hospitality Review: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/hospitalityreview/vol12/iss1/5 Hospitality Information Systems: Intuitive, Object-Oriented, and Wireless Technology by Michael L. Kasavana Automated information system design and implementation is one of the fastest changing aspects of the hospitality industry. During the past several years nothing has increased the professionalism or improved the productivity within the industry more than the application of computer technology. Intuitive software applications, deemed the first step toward making computers more people-literate, object-oriented programming, intended to more accurately model reality, and wireless communications are expected to play a significant role in future technological advancement. The future of hospitality information systems will be positively impacted by the evolution of intuitive, object-oriented, and wireless technologies. In the past, successful hospitality information system implementation often was a function of the effectiveness and level of training users received. The focus of providing an appropriate level of computer literacy in order to render a more effective utilization of computer technology is changing. The recent shift toward making computers more intuitive (people-literate) through graphical user interfaces, color touchscreen terminals, bar code readers, and pen-based devices offers an opportunity to significantly enhance operational controls with far less formal systems training. Simultaneous to the development of intuitive interfaces, information system technology has begun development of an object-oriented applications framework which enables industry experts to more accurately build computer-based models capable of approximating industry transactions, transitions, and trends. In addition, management can anticipate system networking to be accomplished without cabling (wireless). The ability to configure a hospitality system using open architecture without the physical constraints of walls, floors, other obstacles, or traffic patterns provides optimal flexibility for fitting the computer to operations rather than vice versa.


We report a hybrid-integrated optical transceiver module using a discrete polymer planar lightwave circuit (PLC) chip and a multimode fiber (MMF) stub, A low-crosstalk performance is indispensable for this transceiver module to achieve a good receiver (Rx) performance under the full duplex operation. The discrete polymer PLC chip and the MMF stub well isolate a Rx from a transmitter both optically and electrically, and excellent receiver performance of 0.1-dB power penalty caused by the crosstalk is obtained.


Alpha-particle self-heating, the process of deuterium-tritium (DT) fusion reaction products depositing their kinetic energy locally within the fusion reaction region and thus increasing the temperature in the reacting region with a concomitant exponential increase in the fusion reaction-rate, is the essential process needed for a fusion plasma to ignite. For the first time in the laboratory, significant alpha-heating in a fusion plasma was inferred in experiments and fusion fuel gain was demonstrated on the U.S. National Ignition Facility (NIF). Experiments on the NIF have achieved the highest yet recorded stagnation pressures (Pstagnation > 150-230 Gigabar) of any facility based inertial confinement fusion (ICF) experiments, albeit they are still short of the pressures required for ignition on the NIF (i.e. ∼ 300 - 400 Gbar), and have exhibited undesirable shape distortions that waste kinetic energy. We review the issues that have been uncovered and discuss the program strategy and plan that we are following to systematically address the known issues as we press on.


We consider a fourth-order differential expression:L=e -4x D 4-8e -4x D 3+(e -x +432e -4x )D 2-(e -x +22e -4x )D,and prove that the expression has nonempty essential spectrum and it is limit-3.


In diffraction tomography, the generalized Radon theorem relates the Fourier Transform (FT) of the diffracted field to the two-dimensional FT of the diffracting object. The relation stands on algebraic contours, which are semi-circles in the case of Born or Rytov first order linear approximations. To increase the insufficient resolution of generally used interpolation methods we propose a Maximum Entropy Fourier synthesis method. To do this, we give a new definition for the entropy of an object considered as a function of R2 to C. To take into account the presence of noise, a ~2 statistics is added to the entropy measure. The objective function thus obtained is minimized using variational techniques and a conjugate-gradient iterative method. Some simulated results are given which compare this new method with the classical ones.


�� ��� ut the case that there is a poem popular in its own time and for decades after its publication. Put the case that this popularity expressed itself in widespread quotation, so that the poem was frequently pulverized, so that it appeared in the form of epigraphs and other brief excerpts that larded other texts. Put the case that the circulation of these bits did not enhance appreciation for the poem at its full extent, as it did in the case of Shakespeare's plays. And, finally, put the case that critics like William Wordsworth found its popularity suspect and that various influential twentieth-century critics—including T. S. Eliot, F. R. Leavis, and Reuben Brower— argued that the poem had not simply lost its place in the canon but that serious aesthetic judgment justified its banishment. The poem is James Thomson's The Seasons. Published in the years between 1730 and 1746 as a complete poem, its first installment, Winter, had appeared in 1726, its second, Summer, in 1727. 1 Confronted with the story of the waning enthusiasm for the poem, what would you, a highly trained literary scholar, do? Many thought that the answer to that question was clear: the poem should be allowed to languish unread. In various formulations, they all suggested that The Seasons was not a poem on which serious persons should spend much of their valuable time; it should simply figure in footnotes that composted Thomson's poem and listed it as a trace element in other, better poetry. Against the influential disparagements of The Seasons, it was of course easy to imagine simply projecting contrarian views. Some enthusiastic admirer of its descriptions of landscape might have mounted an insistent defense of the poem's transhistorical literary value; someone might have written the history of the changes in taste that separated the eighteenth-century readers of the poetry of The Seasons from later readers conscious of their own sophistication. Surprisingly, however, the poem came to be of particular interest to a few critics—Patricia Meyer Spacks, in her The Varied God: A Critical Study of Thomson's "The Seasons" (1959) and The Poetry of Vision: Five Eighteenth-Century Poets (1967); 2 Ralph Cohen, in his The Art of Discrimination: Thomson's "The Seasons" and the Language of Criticism (1964) and The Unfolding of the Seasons (1970); 3 and


Although useful in solving elementary data processing problems, the program design techniques of M. A. Jackson are virtually unknown in elementary courses. The basic principles of Jackson's techniques are introduced and used to solve two common elementary data processing problems.


A convenient one-pot protocol for the synthesis of benzo-fused and indole-fused indolizines from Baylis–Hillman acetates was developed. This strategy involves CuBr/tert-butyl hydroperoxide promoted oxidation, intramolecular cyclization, and aromatization as key steps. The efficacy of this methodology was demonstrated by the formal synthesis of (±)-crispine A, a biologically active molecule.


Times Education Supplement- "This is an intriguing, highly informative book...Detailed case studies of how 10 Local Authorities "broke out" from selection make the book especially valuable. The cases are well chosen." British Journal of Educational Studies-"This well-produced and richly-documented work is the outcome of a research project entitiled "When a Society Changes its School System: the Introduction of Comprehensive Schools in Great Britain." History of Education Review -" This book has a number of strengths. It provides readers with some interesting and new sources of data, explores the machinations of LEAs, re-examines the nature and function of comprehensive seconday schools, and draws implications for current policy directions...In all, the book will prove a valuable read for those interested in the past and future of comprehensive schooling


In this paper, we will study asymptotical properties of the unknown parameter in the drift terms of the mixed fractional Brownian motion Vasicek process. The fundamental martingale and Laplace transform will be the main tools for our analysis. At the same time, we complete the strong consistency of MLE of the drift parameter in mixed fractional Brownian motion which has not analyzed


Nowadays, there are many new comers in fashion brand selling their products online. For more promotion need, they do the promotion by meeting their customers directly through a pop-up store. Pop-up store is a retail store that available in a short period of time. This design aims to put on trial of the knockdown system, the interior elements configuration, and the design of indoor shape-changing pop-up store as a promotion media of a brand. This design refers to fashion such as clothing, bags, and shoes. This design uses design thinking method by David Kelley which consists of empathize, define, ideate, prototype, test, and iterate . The result shows that the knockdown uses bolt and screw system, and the pop-up store design uses modular system. By using the knockdown system, the pop-up store can be overhauled easily and fast. Besides that, through the modular system, those modules can be used many times with different final looks of the pop-up store.


Time synchronization and phase shaping of single photons both play fundamental roles in quantum information applications that rely on multi-photon quantum interference. Phase shaping typically requires separate modulators with extra insertion losses. Here, we develop an all-optical built-in phase modulator for single photons using a quantum memory. The fast phase modulation of a single photon in both step and linear manner are verified by observing the efficient quantum-memory-assisted Hong–Ou–Mandel interference between two single photons, where the anti-coalescence effect of bosonic photon pairs is demonstrated. The developed phase modulator may push forward the practical quantum information applications.


Abstract We describe a program for promoting resilience for adolescents, a multisystemic approach based on the interpersonal theory of Harry Stack Sullivan (1953), designed to empower adolescents, especially high risk minority youths and those who must overcome adversity. A system is developed so as to promote resilience in the adolescent and support by his/her family and school, as the host program, to develop empathic relatedness, use of tender feelings, self exploration, and the management of anxieties, in the context of asking for and accepting help from others. Staff interventions emphasize ways adults can become allies during these youths' quest for resilience, achieved in the context of the pursuit of a mutually identified and accepted goal. All participants report and manifest behavioral benefits from this program.


churches and institutions. The original way in which the various sects are discussed in the paragraph: 'Creative innovation and religion', and the extensive attention to the relationship between the Christian churches in the section dealing with 'Religious change' are particularly noteworthy. The title of the book indicates the restriction the author has imposed upon himself: 'Religion in American culture'. The bibliography is nearly exclusively anglo-saxon orientated. A name like Gabri6l Le Bras even is missing from the index of persons. W. Goddijn


"During the last decades the exposure to surgical smokes has been a long-standing concern both in open and laparoscopic surgery. The aim of this project is to assess the health risks for medical operating room (OR) personnel associated with surgical plumes derived from laparoscopic procedures. The purpose of this model is to check the correlation between the concentration of toxic elements derived from electrosurgical procedures in the operating setting air and the concentration of the same substances in urine and plasma of patients and operating staff. Moreover, it will be considered also the correlation between toxic concentration and time of exposure. The results of the study could be relevant to indicate if individual protection devices are efficacious to make the surgical procedure safe for patients and staff or if any adequacy has to be considered. Some unexpected difficulties delayed the expected results."


AN APPROACH TO THE STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF PAVEMENTS IS ADVANCED, BASED ON THE UTILIZATION OF THE IN-SERVICE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF ROAD MATERIALS IN THE COMPUTERIZED VISCOELASTIC AND ELASTIC MULTI-LAYERED THEORIES. DESIGN AND PERFORMANCE OF ROADWAYS ARE DISCUSSED IN LIGHT OF THE FUNDAMENTAL STRUCTURAL PROPERTIES OF THE COMPONENT MATERIALS. THIS STUDY HAS QUANTITATIVELY EVALUATED THE EFFECT OF LABORATORY AND ROADWAY COMPACTION ON THE RHEOLOGICAL CREEP AND DYNAMIC MODULI, THE ELASTIC PROPERTIES, AND THE ULTIMATE UNCONFINED COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF ASPHALTIC CONCRETE MIXTURES.


This research examined the hydrogeological conditions and the hydraulic characteristics of the water bearing horizons (according to pumping and recovery tests) within the hydrogeologic regime of Dhabaa site. Also this study shed light on the flow behavior regime due to artificial dewatering process, throughout huge exploitation and its impacts on the groundwater movement, groundwater flow velocities (hydraulic gradients) considering the regional structural and stratigraphical settings. The traditional hydrochemical and hydraulic interpretation show same phenomenon of groundwater source and interconnection, where, the groundwater in Dhabaa site moves in different directions influenced by depletion process in a hydraulic gradient ranged between (0.00009-0.026) with groundwater flux of (0.000008-0.0023) m/day and groundwater pore velocity of (0.00080.23) m/day. These variations are occurred as a normal result of pumping operations from the water wells. Mullusiaquiferis characterized bycertain types ofaquiferswith mediumtransmissivityandpermeabilityundersemi-confined conditions, where the values of permeability, transmissivity and storage coefficients are ranged between (0.00785-0.286) m/day, between (1.063-6.057) m 2 /day and between (2.64 x10 -4 -2.73x10 -2 ) respectively. Accordingly, pumping system and distribution of wells is designed using a battery system of four wells to solve the impact of depletion in Dhabaa site.The suggested plan is ideal for processing must be applied according to the proposal of pumping from the first group including wells (W-1,3,6,7,10,12,15 and16) operated in one shift every six hours, alternating with the wells of the second group, which includes wells (W-4,5,8,9,11,13 and 17). While the wells (W-2 and 14) can be operated in case of stop pumping from any well or be under maintenance period. نازخل تيكيلورذيهلا ثلاماعملا ماذختساب تعبضلا عقىم يف تيفىجلا تيئاملا دراىملا ةرادإ يفىجلا يصلم


The nature and etiology of the vascular occlusions encountered in thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) have been subject to controversy for a number of years. Disseminated platelet thrombosis has been suggested in the earlier literature, although later views have favored fibrin thrombi resulting from vascular damage or disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). The serial coagulation study and the lightand electron-microscopic findings in a case of TTP are described here. The multiple vascular occlusions were due to the presence of densely packed platelet aggregates in which a variable quantity of fibrin was present. Less commonly, loose platelet aggregates were noted. Fibrin under the endothelial lining was occasionally observed in relationship to the vascular occlusion and was thought to be secondary to the release of various substances from aggregating platelets. The serial coagulation study and the histologic examination of tissues showed no evidence of disseminated intravascular coagulation. This case shows that the occlusions observed in TTP can be due to disseminated intravascular platelet aggregation in the absence of DIC. Although TIP might be of variable etiology, it is felt that cases showing disseminated intravascular platelet aggregation should be distinguished from DIC in order to plan therapy on a rational basis.


Variance-component models are an indispensable tool for statisticians wanting to capture both random and fixed model effects. They have applications in a wide range of scientific disciplines. While maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) is the most popular method for estimating the variance-component model parameters, it is numerically challenging for large data sets. In this article, we consider the class of coordinate descent (CD) algorithms for computing the MLE. We show that a basic implementation of coordinate descent is numerically costly to implement and does not easily satisfy the standard theoretical conditions for convergence. We instead propose two parameter-expanded versions of CD, called PX-CD and PXI-CD. These novel algorithms not only converge faster than existing competitors (MM and EM algorithms) but are also more amenable to convergence analysis. PX-CD and PXI-CD are particularly well-suited for large data sets—namely, as the scale of the model increases, the performance gap between the parameter-expanded CD algorithms and the current competitor methods increases.


Catheterization remains the golden standard for bladder volume assessment, but it is invasive and introduces the risk of infection and trauma. Therefore, noninvasive bladder volume measurement methods are of high interest. In a preceding study, we proposed a new technique to measure bladder volume based on nonlinear ultrasound wave distortion. A dedicated multi-layer transducer, composed of a PZT layer for transmission and a PVDF-layer for reception, has been constructed to verify and implement this approach. Measurements in a water tank and phantom measurements show that there is a correlation between bladder volume and the harmonic contents within a region of interest (ROI) behind the bladder. The results also demonstrate the usability of the multi-layer PZT-PVDF transducer design for bladder volume assessment on the basis of nonlinear wave distortion dependency.


A review of papers concerned with the synthesis of polynuclear organometallic compounds by direct metal oxidation with organoelemental halides is presented. The effect of solvent nature on the rate of metal oxidation in nonaqueous solutions is considered. The mechanism of metal oxidation with o-quinone in aprotic dipolar solvents is suggested.