Adapt to different uses of the combination vehicle (1) consists of a tractor unit (14) and a trailer (15) components. Such combined into a vehicle adapted to move alternately use three methods, i.e., the wheel / road (6), the wheel-rail (7) and a magnetic suspension carriageway (8). To the wheel / rail (7) and the wheel / road (6) moves it has flanged wheels (5) and road wheels (4) of the wheel assembly. When used as a magnetic levitation vehicle, on both sides of the chassis install at least four or tape may be pulled out of the solenoid coil may be laid out (12) of the support arm (11), and install the induction motor stator short side ( 13). In order to achieve the transition from one mode to another mobile moves, the miter table may be used. Lane herein can be relatively sink, which comprises a road lane (6) and the rail (7). In order to pass the discontinuous point, for example the intersection (38), switch (39), the public railroad crossings, lane segments may also be relatively open sink or off, the lane section comprises a movable track section intersections (40, 41), fork movable rail section (42, 43) and put on the road segments (45).


Establishing relationships between political culture and crisis presents some theoretical difficulties. Therefore, it is necessary to define the scope of interaction between these two phenomena, in other words, to draw the boundaries of interaction for these two concepts. The framework of interaction which is defined as mainly in terms of economic, political and social phenomena contributes to the explanation attempts of the relationship between political culture and crisis. Finally, this three-part interaction field leads to the explanation of the whole. The contemporary Turkish political culture, like any social phenomena, has emerged within a particular historical process. Today's Turkish political culture inherited many characteristics both structurally and institutionally from Central Asian origins, Islam and the Ottoman Empire. The Ottoman political culture is the dominant factor through an important Ottoman reform known as Tanzimat in shaping the republican era. As a result, a study on the Turkish political culture will reach consistent findings only when taking this process into consideration.


The long-term target is a universal system which will provide the man-in-the-street with integrated access to cellular, cordless, wireless PABX, paging and private mobile radio (PMR) type services, perhaps causing the biggest change in social habits and telecommunications service since Alexander Graham Bell's original invention of the telephone. The paper addresses some of the design aspects of microcellular networks, including topics such as cell types, handover issues, cellular infrastructure and interconnection, and radio link management


When fully implemented the American Community Survey will provide population estimates at the census tract level. At the same time, demographic analysis provides independent population estimates that do not account for migration. The population division at the Census Bureau adjusts the counts obtained from demographic analysis for migration at the county level by matching administrative records, primarily income tax returns, for two successive years. By identifying the returns corresponding to filers who file only the first or the second year, for each county, the population division obtains estimates of domestic migration at the county level. Since demographic analysis is generally considered very reliable, and the matching operations involve all the tax returns representing a county, the population estimates corrected for domestic migration are likely to more reliable for the computation of the relative propensities of various subdomains. When deriving fresh estimates from the ACS, we can take advantage of the superior accuracy of the corrected population estimates by using them to benchmark the ACS estimates, thereby enhancing the quality of these estimates.


PURPOSE: A portable massage device is provided to allow wide range and efficient massage and to improve massage efficiency in the neck and legs of a human body. CONSTITUTION: A portable massage device comprises a massage block(10) which is formed with a pair of male links with a hinge on one side and a pair of female links with an axis hole on the other side and is mounted with a pair of rollers on the top and bottom, a massage chain(100) which is bent around a hinge by connecting a plurality of massage blocks, and a handle(20) which connected to the male link and female link.


The massive expansion of semi-subsistence farming in the European Union after the Eastern enlargements poses a real challenge to rural development. The problems of semi-subsistence farms are low cash incomes and incidence of poverty, sub-optimal use of land and labour, a lack of capital and poor contribution to rural growth. However, they play an important welfare function in some rural areas in Europe; they manage more than 11 million ha of agricultural land and deliver ecosystem services. The Common Agricultural Policy will have to accommodate this now widespread production system, through existing or new policy packages. Particularly important is support for commercialisation to incentivise and smooth the transition to commercial agriculture, and agri-environmental payments to compensate the semi-subsistence farmers for the provision of ecosystem services.


When the North American Electric Reliability Corporation (NERC) and its regional entities began enforcing mandatory reliability standards, every potential violation, regardless of the potential risk to the Bulk Power System (BPS), was generally prosecuted. Although many of these violations were assessed zero or nominal penalties, the resources expended in their prosecution were substantially the same as those used for the prosecution of higher-risk violations, not only by the regional entity, but also by NERC and registered entities.


The aim of the article is to analyse the characteristics of property rights, and to identify the parameters, which define the fishery property rights management models. Moreover – to suggest an integrated model for valuing the quality of property rights, which would allow evaluating the quality of the different rights management models of fishery in the most objective scale. The most essential features of property-rights' quality are pointed out – exclusivity, duration (stability), security, transferability – and the scale of evaluation is offered. Also the formula for calculating the quality of property rights management Q is offered, which allows integrating separate quality characteristics into one index. This index allows receiving the complex evaluation of quality management of separate fishery property rights management models. This instrument allows as well comparing the present and suggested methods one with another, and to choose the most suitable one. In the article there is revealed and reasoned the efficiency of individual transferable fishing quotas model in Lithuanian fisheries management. JEL codes: Q220, Q280. 7


Objective To introduce a method of three dimensional(3D) registration based on the zygomatic arch to evaluate upper airway morphologic changes after mandibular setback surgery. Methods One male patient aged 24 years who underwent mandibular setback surgery to correct Angle class III malocclusion was involved in this study.CBCT scans were taken before start of treatment( T0),1 week after treatment( T1) and 1 year and 5 months after treatment(T2). The 3D models of skull and upper airway were constructed from the CBCT scans and exported as stereolithography by mimics16. 0 software. The stereolithoghraphy was registered by selecting landmark points on either side of each 3D models on the zygoma,zygomatic arch and frontal process of the maxilla. After that,anteroposterior length,the largest transverse width and cross-section area were measured in the axial window in four planes,and thevolume was automatically computed in two regions of oropharynx and the laryngopharynx. The distances of mandibular retrusion and relapse were measured between the B-points located along the contour lines of 3D models. Results A notable decrease in upper airway dimensions at T1 and a slight relapse at T2 was observed. The distance of mandibular B-point at T1 and T0 was large. The distance of mandibular B-point between T2 and T0 is slightly smaller than the distance between T1 and T0. Conclusion The three dimensional registration method based on the zygomatic arch can evaluate upper airway morphologic changes after mandibular setback surgery.


Lifshitz spacetimes with the critical exponent z = 2 can be obtained by the dimensional reduction of Schrödinger spacetimes with the critical exponent z = 0. The latter spacetimes are asymptotically AdS solutions of AdS gravity coupled to an axion–dilaton system and can be uplifted to solutions of type IIB supergravity. This basic observation is used to perform holographic renormalization for four-dimensional asymptotically z = 2 locally Lifshitz spacetimes by the Scherk–Schwarz dimensional reduction of the corresponding problem of holographic renormalization for five-dimensional asymptotically locally AdS spacetimes coupled to an axion–dilaton system. We can thus define and characterize a four-dimensional asymptotically locally z = 2 Lifshitz spacetime in terms of five-dimensional AdS boundary data. In this setup the four-dimensional structure of the Fefferman–Graham expansion and the structure of the counterterm action, including the scale anomaly, will be discussed. We find that for asymptotically locally z = 2 Lifshitz spacetimes obtained in this way, there are two anomalies each with their own associated nonzero central charge. Both anomalies follow from the Scherk–Schwarz dimensional reduction of the five-dimensional conformal anomaly of AdS gravity coupled to an axion–dilaton system. Together, they make up an action that is of the Horava–Lifshitz type with a nonzero potential term for z = 2 conformal gravity.


This paper describes the development of an efficient, compact amplifier with a gain of 20 dB and an output of 2 W in J Band. An overall efficiency of greater than 10% was achieved using GaAs Read IMPATT diodes with Schottky barrier contacts in a three stage reflection amplifier. The severe gain compression that usually occurs with IMPATT amplifiers can present a considerable problem in that owing to the presence of a small-signal oscillation, there will be an output signal in the absence of an input signal. It is shown that by operating the IMPATT diode at a constant voltage and by appropriate selection of the Schottky barrier metal, the diode bias current will increase with increasing rf signal level thus achieving a more linear input-output characteristic. This allows higher gain at large signal levels together with stability at small signal levels.


A physic model is established for the description of the vibration of mini-spring of the brushing exploding mechanism in the fuse of the grenade lunching from a recoilless gun.The calculated results show that with the vibration of the mini-spring the pressure on the electric conducting rod may change periodically.In the wave trough of the pressure curve,the pressure may be zero,then if the rocket is accelerating or if it has assembling defects,the early explosion of the grenade on the ballistic may be caused.


The climate of organizational communication consists of perceptions of a macro evaluation of communication events, human behavior, employee response to other employees, expectations, personal conflicts, and opportunities for growth in the person. Using the six climatic factors of organizational communication proposed by Wayne R. Pace and Don F. Faules (1994), to see how far the communication conditions in the organization, in this case, is the University of East Indonesia. This research is descriptive research with a qualitative approach. Sampling using purposive snowball sampling technique with the number of 20 informants. Research data obtained through interviews, observation, and documentation. From the research results received the highest score on the organizational climate indicator is the similarity of views will be the achievement of corporate performance with the acquisition of 83% definite answers from respondents. The lowest index is honesty with only 12% sure answer from the remaining respondents 88% is the negative answer. This fact indicates that communication has not run smoothly in this organization. Internal decisions or policies are primarily the choices of the boss. Lecturers and academic staff tend not to be involved in decision making.


The ultra-sensitive accelerometer, developed for NASA to monitor the microgravity environments of Space Shuttle, five orbiters and Space Station, needed to measure accelerations up to 10 mg with an absolute accuracy of 10 nano-g (10(exp -8)g) for at least two orbits (10(exp 4) seconds) to resolve accelerations associated with orbital drag. Also, the accelerometers needed to have less than 10(exp -9) F.S. off-axis sensitivity; to be thermally and magnetically inert; to be immune to quiescent shock, and to have an in-situ calibration capability. Multi-axis compact seismometers, designs that have twelve decades of dynamic range will be described. Density profilometers, precision gradiometers, gyros and vibration isolation designs and applications will be discussed. Finally, examples of transformations of the accelerometer into sensitive anemometers and imaging spectrometers will be presented.


China has seen seven fluctuations in grain supply and demand since 1949. Each fluctuation has its own complex causes. The curve of China's grain output is a rising straight line with a fluctuating curve added. However, between 1984-1999, especially after China took the policy of market economy, one can see the fluctuation law: the long cycle lasted 6 years, while the short one 3 years (an unsymmetrical wave, 1 year rising and 2 years declining). Thus, we build such models as Fu Liye Series and Gonbez Equation and predict the grain supply and demand in the coming 10 years in China. The result shows that most of the years the grain supply will fall short of demand. Thus, we should adopt some stabilization countermeasures by increasing grain output, intervening the market by the government and enhancing the ability of fighting natural calamities.


In nearly all metazoans, the earliest stages of development are controlled by maternally deposited mRNAs and proteins. The zygotic genome becomes transcriptionally active hours after fertilization. Transcriptional activation during this maternal-to-zygotic transition (MZT) is tightly coordinated with the degradation of maternally provided mRNAs. In Drosophila melanogaster, the transcription factor Zelda plays an essential role in widespread activation of the zygotic genome. While Zelda expression is required both maternally and zygotically, the mechanisms by which it functions to remodel the embryonic genome and prepare the embryo for development remain unclear. Using Cas9-mediated genome editing to generate targeted mutations in the endogenous zelda locus, we determined the functional relevance of protein domains conserved amongst Zelda orthologs. We showed that neither a conserved N-terminal zinc finger nor an acidic patch were required for activity. Similarly, a previously identified splice isoform of zelda is dispensable for viability. By contrast, we identified a highly conserved zinc-finger domain that is essential for the maternal, but not zygotic functions of Zelda. Animals homozygous for mutations in this domain survived to adulthood, but embryos inheriting these loss-off-function alleles from their mothers died late in embryogenesis. These mutations did not interfere with the capacity of Zelda to activate transcription. Unexpectedly, these mutations generated a hyperactive form of the protein and enhanced Zelda-dependent gene expression. These data have defined a protein domain critical for controlling Zelda activity during the MZT, but dispensable for its roles later in development, for the first time separating the maternal and zygotic requirements for Zelda. This demonstrates that highly regulated levels of Zelda activity are exclusively required for establishing the developmental program during the MZT. We propose that tightly regulated gene expression is essential to navigate the MZT and that failure to precisely execute this developmental program leads to embryonic lethality. AUTHOR SUMMARY Following fertilization, the one-celled zygote must be rapidly reprogrammed to enable the development of new, unique organism. During these initial stages of development there is little or no transcription of the zygotic genome, and maternally deposited products control this process. Among the essential maternal products are mRNAs that encode transcription factors required for preparing the zygotic genome for transcriptional activation. This ensures that there is a precisely coordinated hand-off from maternal to zygotic control. In Drosophila melanogaster, the transcription factor Zelda is essential for activating the zygotic genome and coupling this activation to the degradation of the maternally deposited products. Nonetheless, the mechanism by which Zelda functions remains unclear. Here we used Cas9-mediated genome engineering to determine the functional requirements for highly conserved domains within Zelda. We identified a domain required specifically for Zelda's role in reprogramming the early embryonic genome, but not essential for its functions later in development. Surprisingly, this domain restricts the ability to Zelda to activate transcription. These data demonstrate that Zelda activity is tightly regulated, and we propose that precise regulation of both the timing and levels of genome activation is required for the embryo to successfully transition from maternal to zygotic control.


Abstract The structurally and stratigraphically complex area of northern and central Iran holds the key to understanding the plate tectonic evolution of the South Caspian–Central Iran area. The closure of the Palaeotethys, the opening of the Neotethys, the rise and demise of the Cimmerian mountain chain, as well as the onset of Neotethys subduction and large-scale Neotethyan back-arc rifting all predated the formation of the more than 20 km-thick fill of the South Caspian Basin. This volume brings together work by specialists in different disciplines of the geosciences (tectonics, geophysics, sedimentology, stratigraphy, palaeontology, basin modelling and geodynamics) in order to elucidate the complex Late Palaeozoic–Cenozoic geodynamic history of the Iran area and the birth of the South Caspian Basin.


Modern communication technologies are steadily advancing the physical layer (PHY) data rate in wireless LANs, from hundreds of Mbps in current 802.11n to over Gbps in the near future. As PHY data rates increase, however, the overhead of media access control (MAC) progressively degrades data throughput efficiency. This trend reflects a fundamental aspect of the current MAC protocol, which allocates the channel as a single resource at a time.
 This paper argues that, in a high data rate WLAN, the channel should be divided into separate subchannels whose width is commensurate with PHY data rate and typical frame size. Multiple stations can then contend for and use subchannels simultaneously according to their traffic demands, thereby increasing overall efficiency. We introduce FICA, a fine-grained channel access method that embodies this approach to media access using two novel techniques. First, it proposes a new PHY architecture based on OFDM that retains orthogonality among subchannels while relying solely on the coordination mechanisms in existing WLAN, carrier-sensing and broadcasting. Second, FICA employs a frequency-domain contention method that uses physical layer RTS/CTS signaling and frequency domain backoff to efficiently coordinate subchannel access. We have implemented FICA, both MAC and PHY layers, using a software radio platform, and our experiments demonstrate the feasibility of the FICA design. Further, our simulation results suggest FICA can improve the efficiency ratio of WLANs by up to 400% compared to existing 802.11.


In 2015 the ATLAS detector resumed data taking operations after the first long shutdown for the Large Hadron Collider at CERN. During this shutdown upgrades were made to the Level-1 Calorimeter trigger in order to maintain the physics performance in the anticipated Run-2 conditions. Changes to the hardware-based isolation were implemented and validated. These changes allowed for a low threshold Level-1 electromagnetic trigger to be maintained. During the first data-taking a measurement of the \(W\) and \(Z\) boson cross-sections was performed, which offered the first measurement at the new centre-of-mass energy and was used for the detector commissioning. One of the main goals of the LHC is to understand the nature of the Higgs boson which has been so far mainly observed in its decays to the electroweak bosons. A possible channel to observe the decays to the light quarks is in the final state including a meson and a photon which provides an easily triggerable signature compared to direct quark-antiquark production. The searches for the Higgs and \(Z\) bosons decaying to a ϕ or ρ0 meson and a photon are presented in detail.


Anxiety can be an appropriate response to stressful situations but is considered a pathologic disorder when it is disabling and difficult to control. Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is the most common anxiety disorder seen in primary care, affecting approximately 4% to 7% of U.S. adults (1, 2). Patients with GAD have reduced global life satisfaction and lower health-related quality of life (3). GAD is characterized by at least 6 months of persistent and excessive anxiety; recurring worry about common events; and physical symptoms, such as muscle tension, insomnia, and fatigue combined with significant distress or impairment in personal, occupational, or other areas of function (4). More than one third of patients with GAD have decreased work productivity, with an average of 6.3 days of missed work per month (5). Patients with GAD have higher health care use and costs (more frequent emergency department visits, primary care visits, and referrals to specialty care) and higher overall prescription rates (69). These patients are at increased risk for suicide attempts (10), and those with co-occurring cardiovascular disease experience more cardiovascular events (myocardial infarction, heart failure, cerebrovascular accidents, transient ischemic attack, and death) (11, 12). A large 10-year prospective cohort study of persons aged 45 years or older found that women with GAD had increased risk for cardiovascular death, independent of conventional cardiovascular disease risk factors and presence of metabolic syndrome as defined by the World Health Organization (hazard ratio, 1.94 [95% CI, 1.13 to 3.33]) (11). The prospective Heart and Soul cohort study showed that patients with stable coronary heart disease and GAD had a 62% higher rate of cardiovascular events (hazard ratio, 1.62 [CI, 1.11 to 2.37]) than those with coronary heart disease only (12). Screening Who is at elevated risk for GAD? GAD is twice as common in women as in men (13). Having low socioeconomic status; being widowed, separated, or divorced; or being middle-aged increases risk for GAD (14). Additional risk factors include comorbid psychiatric disorders (14, 15), history of substance abuse (16) or trauma (17), and family history of GAD (18). In older adults, new-onset GAD may develop in the context of chronic medical illnesses (19). A meta-analysis of family and twin studies of common anxiety disorders showed a significant association of GAD between patients and their first-degree relatives, with an odds ratio of 6.1 (CI, 2.5 to 14.9) (18). Are preventive measures useful for patients at elevated risk? Although prevention or early intervention may reduce excess disability due to mental disorders, few studies have examined the effectiveness of preventive measures for GAD in adults. One study of patients with a recent stroke suggested that drug therapy and psychotherapy were beneficial for preventing GAD (20). A randomized controlled study evaluated the effectiveness of prevention of GAD in 149 patients with recent stroke using escitalopram or problem-solving therapy. The study showed that patients who received placebo were 4.95 (CI, 1.54 to 15.93) times more likely to develop GAD than those given escitalopram and 4.00 (CI, 1.84 to 8.70) times more likely than those given problem-solving therapy (20). Should clinicians screen patients for GAD if they are at increased risk? If so, how? Current guidelines do not address recommendations on screening persons at increased risk for GAD, likely because of a paucity of high-quality studies showing a benefit to screening or early treatment. However, GAD is correctly diagnosed only one third of the time (21), and approximately 60% of persons who are diagnosed are not treated (22, 23). As seen in depression care, better detection may be the first step in addressing underdiagnosis and undertreatment and improving patient outcomes (24). PHQ-4: The 4-Item Patient Health Questionnaire for Anxiety and Depression Over the last two weeks, how often have you been bothered by the following problems? 1.Feeling nervous, anxious, or on edge 0:Not at all 1:Several days 2:More than half of the days 3:Nearly every day 2.Not being able to stop or control worrying 0:Not at all 1:Several days 2:More than half of the days 3:Nearly every day 3.Feeling down, depressed, or hopeless 0:Not at all 1:Several days 2:More than half of the days 3:Nearly every day 4.Little interest or pleasure in doing things 0:Not at all 1:Several days 2:More than half of the days 3:Nearly every day Total score is determined by adding together the scores of each of the 4 items. Scores are rated as normal (0-2), mild (3-5), moderate (6-8), and severe (9-12). Total score 3 for first 2 questions suggests anxiety. Total score 3 for last 2 questions suggests depression. Screening tools to detect GAD vary in length, and many include screening for additional disorders. The single screening question, Are you bothered by nerves? has 100% sensitivity and 59% specificity among average-risk primary care patients (25). The 2-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-2) screening tool asks how often patients have been bothered by feeling nervous, anxious, or on edge and not being able to stop or control worrying over the previous 2 weeks. Each question is scored as 0, 1, 2, or 3, for a total score of 0 to 6. A score of 3 or more has sensitivity of 86% and specificity of 83% for detecting GAD (2). The 4-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-4) (see the Box) provides a brief and accurate screen for both major depressive disorder and GAD by combining the GAD-2 tool with the PHQ-2 (which has sensitivity of 83% and specificity of 90% for major depressive disorder) (26). Kroenke and colleagues found no significant difference between the GAD-7 and the GAD-2 in screening of primary care patients (2). Patients with a positive result on any screening tool should be further evaluated to assess whether they meet the diagnostic criteria in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) (see the Box: Diagnostic Criteria for Generalized Anxiety Disorder) (4). Diagnostic Criteria for Generalized Anxiety Disorder Excessive anxiety and worry (apprehensive expectation), occurring more days than not for at least 6 months, about a number of events or activities (such as work or school performance). The individual finds it difficult to control the worry. The anxiety and worry are associated with 3 (or more) of the following 6 symptoms (with at least some symptoms having been present for more days than not for the past 6 months): Restless or feeling keyed up or on edge. Being easily fatigued. Difficulty concentrating or mind going blank. Irritability. Muscle tension. Sleep disturbances (difficulty falling or staying asleep, or restless, unsatisfying sleep). The anxiety, worry, or physical symptoms cause clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning. The disturbance is not attributable to the physiologic effects of a substance (e.g., drug of abuse, medication) or another medical condition (e.g., hyperthyroidism). The disturbance is not better explained by another mental disorder (e.g., anxiety or worry about having panic attacks in panic disorder, negative evaluation in social anxiety disorder [social phobia], contamination or other obsessions in obsessive-compulsive disorder, separation from attachment figures in separation anxiety disorder, reminders of traumatic events in posttraumatic stress disorder, gaining weight in anorexia nervosa, physical problems in somatic symptom disorder, body dysmorphic disorder, having a serious illness in illness anxiety disorder, or the content of delusional beliefs in schizophrenia or delusional disorder). Patients must meet all 6 criteria for a diagnosis of generalized anxiety disorder. Clinical Bottom Line: Screening Clinicians should consider screening for GAD among adults who are at increased risk. Multiple screening tools have similar sensitivity and specificity, so a busy clinician can use a tool with just a few questions. Diagnosis What symptoms should prompt clinicians to consider a diagnosis of GAD? Symptoms of excessive anxiety and worry about everyday events and problems should prompt clinicians to consider GAD. To meet the DSM-5 criteria for GAD (Box: Diagnostic Criteria for Generalized Anxiety Disorder), the excessive anxiety and worry (apprehensive expectation) must be difficult to control; must result in distress or marked trouble in performing day-to-day tasks; and must be associated with 3 or more of the following symptoms occurring on more days than not for at least 6 months: restlessness, being easily fatigued, difficulty concentrating, irritability, muscle tension, or sleep disturbance (4). The remaining diagnostic criteria relate to ruling out other mental and physical conditions that can mimic GAD. Clinicians must ensure that the patient's symptoms are not attributable to physiologic effects of medications, drug abuse, or other medical conditions (such as hyperthyroidism) and are not better explained by a different mental disorder, such as posttraumatic stress disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, or delusional beliefs in schizophrenia or delusional disorder. In contrast to GAD, these other anxiety disorders are often associated with a specific primary stimulus. Posttraumatic stress disorder is associated with threatened death, serious injury, or sexual violence; obsessive-compulsive disorder is associated with intrusive and upsetting thoughts, images, or urges (obsessions) and rituals (compulsions) to reduce distress about them; and anorexia nervosa and body dysmorphic disorder are associated with a fixation on idealized physical appearance. What physical examination findings indicate possible GAD? A patient with GAD can seem restless, irritable, fatigued, or tense. In primary care settings, patients with GAD may also have medically unex


Chlorophyll-specific growth (μ) and grazing mortality rates (g) due to microzooplankton (grazers of 0.05). However, g during the bloom (0.15 ± 0.09 day -1 ) (n = 4) was significantly lower than in summer (P 10 μm prevail in winter-spring.


BACKGROUND: While everything around us, especially the future of our youth generation, seems to be going wrong, there is always a 'silver-lining' that need to be discovered. Life has taught us always that with every major negative event, we have lots of positive opportunities that need to be discovered. OBJECTIVE: This paper aims to explore the new normal post-COVID-19 pandemic generation perspectives. METHODS: In this paper, the outcome of a global study of youth perception about their future in the post-COVID-19 pandemic is carried out and discussed in details. RESULTS: The results of the study help to foresight the type of the coming youth generation in the new normal and address their challenges and requirements in the new normal. The paper results lead to understanding what ways COVID-19 have affected and changed their life as a youth. The results show what shape the vision of youth toward. CONCLUSION: The outcome of this international youth-focused study opens lots of insights for youth leaders, youth-focused government planners, education experts to see what type of programs, schemes, strategies, the curriculum need to be established in their communities based on the areas of strength and the areas of weakness that need to be addressed. More studies are advised in this line to complement the generalisation of this work. The main implication of this paper is that it brings new perspectives on how youth see hope in the new normal, and this might help to establish Inter-generational Dialogue that mitigates the state of uncertainty. The other implication of this research is that set direction for governments towards youth needs in the new normal.


University graduates have difficulty in finding a job, however, industries cannot be satisfied with the actual needs of talents and the strategic needs of talents as China is experiencing a national industrial transformation and upgrading. The deployment that China made to speed up developing modern vocational education has provided a direction for solving employment structural contradiction. Therefore, 985 universities as the representative of national key universities should actively set up the reform and innovation of the talent nurturing mode and graduates employment mode. Accordingly, this paper discusses simply on establishing "engineering technology college" of which the specified task is to educate high-level skilled talents from the aspects of organization structure, faculty construction, admissions, school-enterprise cooperation, training plan formulation, and etc. KeywordsThe reform of higher education, the structural contradictions in employment, skilled talents, academic talents, College of Engineering Technology I. HOW TO IMPROVE EDUCATION FOR THE SATISFACTION


Provides the same income tax rate table to unmarried individuals filing returns as that applicable to married individuals filing separate returns under the Internal Revenue Code.


AgI-AgMoO4 materials were obtained by rapid quenching method. Their structures were investigated by X-ray spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Additionally the compressibility of the amorphous samples was investigated. A relation between electrical and mechanical properties was suggested. It was also found that short range order of amorphous samples changes with composition.


The article is devoted to the problems of development and usage of the so-called endowment or (in Russian interpretation) a specific capital fund. Importance of these problems is connected with the necessity of multichannel financing of social institutions. So, as a rule, endowment fund is always created to become one of the sources of financing. At the same time, endowment is one of the types of charity, and, as a result, it's a social responsibility of business. In this article, we study economic and organizational problems, which are related to endowment management and establishment. And we pay particular attention to the questions of creation and functioning of the asset-management consulting firms. Among all the economic aspects, the emphasis is put on the sphere of taxation. And, consequently, here are given variants of assets and different schemes of taxation usage.


It is shown that the balanced singular perturbation approximation of a coinner (inner) transfer-function matrix is coinner (inner). The result is proved for both continuous and discrete systems. The main application of this result is in coprime factors model reduction. It is shown that the singular perturbation approximations of normalized coprime factors are normalized.<<ETX>>


Hydroxylamine was produced in a trickle bed cell by passing nitric oxide gas and sulphuric acid catholyte co-currently downward through a cathode bed of tungsten carbide particles. The dependence of hydroxylamine concentration and current efficiency on cathode activity and particle size, flow rate and composition of gas and catholyte, bed height, and reactor temperature and pressure are reported. Hydroxylamine concentrations of up to 0.18 mol/L were produced at 62% current efficiency in a single pass through a 0.375 m high cell operated at atmospheric pressure and a current density of 213 A/m2. The hydroxylamine concentration increased with cell pressure, gas flow rate and decreases in catholyte flow and could be raised to 0.4 mol/L by recycling the catholyte. The process appears to be controlled by mass transfer at current densities over 400 A/m2 and by electrochemical reaction below about 300 A/m2.

On a produit de l'hydroxylamine, dans une cellule a trois phases, en faisant passer simultanement de haut en bas de l'oxyde nitrique gazeux et de l'acide sulfurique ("catholyte"), a travers un lit cathodique de particules de carbure de tungstene. On rapporte la variation de la concentration de l'hydroxylamine et de l'efficacite du courant avec l'activite de la cathode, la dimension des particules, le debit et la composition du gaz et du "catholyte", la hauteur du lit, la temperature et la pression dans le reacteur. On a produit de l'hydroxylamine en concentrations allant jusqu'a 0.18 mole/litre, pour un rendement de courant de 62%, avec un seul passage dans une cellule de 0.375 metre de hauteur, qui fonctionnait a la pression atmospherique et a une densite de courant de 213 A/m2. La concentration d'hydroxylamine s'est accrue avec la pression de la cellule et la debit du gaz, et a diminue avec le debit du catholyte; on a pu atteindre 0.4 mole par litre par recyclage du catholyte. Le procede a semble controle par le transfert de masse a des densites du courant excedant 400 A/m2 et par la reaction electrochimique pour une densite de courant inferieure a 300 A/m2 approximativement.


Random device mismatch plays an important role in the design of accurate analog circuits. Models for the matching of MOS and bipolar devices from open literature show that matching improves with increasing device area. As a result, accuracy requirements impose a minimal device area and this paper explores the impact of this constraint on the performance of general analog circuits. It results in a fixed bandwidth-accuracy-power tradeoff which is set by technology constants. This tradeoff is independent of bias point for bipolar circuits whereas for MOS circuits some bias point optimizations are possible. The performance limitations imposed by matching are compared to the limits imposed by thermal noise. For MOS circuits the power constraints due to matching are several orders of magnitude higher than for thermal noise. For the bipolar case the constraints due to noise and matching are of comparable order of magnitude. The impact of technology scaling on the conclusions of this work are briefly explored.


America's favourite pastime is also big business. The last 15 years have been exceptionally good to the business of baseball - with the growth in fan attendance, the spread of cable television, the burgeoning interest in cards and other baseball memorabilia, the historical appreciation of franchise values, the emergence of a powerful players' union, and average salaries that are almost 20 times their pre-1976 levels. Yet at this time of prosperity, major economic issues trouble the sport: the threat of franchise relocation, the continual flash points in collective bargaining, the growing commercialization of the game, the club owners' collusive response to free agency, lingering concerns of race discrimination and the arguably tenuous link between player pay and performance. This book examines these and other major issues and assesses their probable impact on the business of baseball. It looks at the player's labour market; the impact of fans; pay performance, and competitive balance; and the influence of race on salaries. These papers were originally presented at the annual Middlebury College conference on economic issues in 1991. The contributors are Paul L. Burgess, George G. Daly, Rodney D. Fort, David M. Federick, Bruce K. Johnson, William H. Kaempfer, Lawrence M. Kahn, Daniel R. Merburger, Philip K. Porter, David J. Salant, John A. Vernon, Richard L. Wobbekind and Andrew Zimbaliist.


The mean co-channel interference in a distributed antenna system with virtual cells is studied, where a few surrounding remote antenna ports of each user form a virtual cell and serve the user. By assuming that time-division-multiple-access is adopted among the users with overlapping virtual cells, the positions of active users at each time slot are modelled as a Matern point process of type II, and an upper bound of the mean interference is derived and verified by simulation. The analysis shows that the monotonicity of mean interference depends on the path-loss factor α, which highlights the importance of a carefully selection of virtual cell size according to the propagation environment.


On the basis of detailed investigation and geological survey on large landslide at the edge of loess tableland lying on the north of Weihe River in Baoji City,some conclusions could be drawn by discussing several factors including topography,lithology,geological structure,groundwater and human activities,etc.First of all,neotectonic movements create 100 m to 200 m high,25°to 45° steep and gibbous slopes on the edge of loess tableland which is an advantage topographic environment for landslide occurrence.Secondly,controlling factors of landslide in the area are special kinds of lithologic association,loess—terrain—red clay of Sanmen group and loess—Hipparion laterite—bedrock respectively involving soft intercalations which are Sanmen group red clay and Hipparion laterite,and anisotropy due to small-scale faults and joints in slopes.Thirdly,underground water and human activities are the main triggers to large loess landslides at present.Based on the obtained results,identification elements including topographic characteristics,failure modes and dynamic effect are determined.


The invention discloses an electric growth powder making method for nanometer lead powder special for a lead-acid storage battery. The most critical core material of the lead-acid storage battery is lead powder. At present, powder is made through two main methods, one is that powder is made through a lead powder ball mill, lead particles are oxidized while being milled in the ball mill; and the other is the gas phase oxidation method in which molten lead liquid is oxidized while being blown about into mist through strong jet airflow. The lead powder is made through the two methods, equipment is large and expensive, energy consumption is large, the particles of products are large and are not uniform, the specific surface area is not large, and the capacity of a lead-acid storage battery is limited. The electric growth powder making method is a simple and novel powder making technology in which pure lead serves as raw materials and is cast into a thick lead plate serving as a positive plate, a stainless steel sheet such as a Ni8-Cr18 serves as a negative plate, after the lead plate and the stainless steel sheet are soaked in a solution mainly containing sodium hydroxide simultaneously and energization is conducted, lead particulates very fine and uniform in particle grow fast on the negative plate, therefore, the lead particulates form foam-state lead powder sponge body capable of leaving the surface of the negative plate easily, and after being collected, the lead powder sponge body is subjected to dealkalization, dehydration and drying to be made into finished products.


In the banking world there are various kinds of products offered, for instance, a savings deposit. In the procedure of the deposit transaction, a good procedure is required. It is necessary to suppress the amount of risk levels, to keep the banks existence and to achieve expected goals, such as to maintain the company's assets, improve accuracy and reliability of accounting data, promote eficiencies and encourage loyalty to the management policies. The objective is to find a deposit transaction system implemented at Lippo Bank and to evaluate the ongoing implementation of the system. In the analysis of the method, the authors use a flowchart documents to illustrate the deposit transaction procedures. The method used for data collection is studying literature on the accounting system, banking sector, and from the interview done with the related officers at Lippo Bank. The results of the study revealed that the implementation of the deposit system at Lippo Bank has been run in accordance with the standard procedures the State Bank of Indonesia commands.


Translating cultural elements has always proved a demanding task as the items of vocabulary carry both specific semantic and social meanings in the culture of the source Persian language different from the target English. The difficulty increases when in subtitling other constraints make the task even more difficult such as time limit and the space within which the message is transferred into the target English. Taking this fact into account, the present study aims to compare the Persian expressions of the movie called ASeparation with the English subtitles to discover the degree of translatability with the same functional effect. The procedures involved first, transcribing the conversations between the characters of the movie, and then the subtitler's choices of English equivalent counterparts were examined for discovering how efficiently the functional effects could be displayed comparably in the target English. In addition to the data gathered, further natural data in the form of interviews, observations, and recordings of various sorts were collected and examined to display how the culture of the SL Persian differs from the TL English. The findings revealed that a considerable number of functions employed in the Persian speakers' conversations were unique to the culture; a good number of utterances would have lost their true functional effects when they were translated for the English audiences as our comparisons revealed. The effect of power on speech variation is comparably more observable in Persian source speech compared with English as the target speech norms, although both languages display the effect in varying levels.
 DOI: 10.5901/jesr.2013.v3n2p97


The invention relates to a preparation method of an important lycopene intermediate of formula (3) 2,6,10-trimethyl-3,5,9-undecatriene-1-aldehyde. A technical route of the invention which has the advantages of simplicity, easily available raw material, and low cost has a high industrial value.


Somanniathelphusa zanklon Ng & Dudgeon, 1992 is a tropical freshwater crab currently considered endemic to Hong Kong.  The present study shows that S. zanklon has been found in a variety of lotic and lentic habitats, mostly lowland, slow moving streams and marshes.  The species is more widely distributed than previously known, and potentially occurs outside Hong Kong.  However, its habitat is under threat from development and channelization of watercourses.  The life cycle of the crab requires both slow moving streams and marshes for adults and adjacent terrestrial habitats for brooding females, highlighting the need for integrated conservation of lowland streams and their riparian corridors.  It is hoped that understanding of the species habitat requirements will encourage others to further explore lowland watercourses in the Pearl River Delta and aid in habitat conservation.


Small-scale enterprises (SSE's) are important in raising the economic efficiency of individuals hence of a country since they are the breeding grounds for entrepreneurship, innovations and inventions. This in return creates employment thus yields income which in turn reduces poverty level of a country. In Kenya the SSE's have not grown to a notable impact often citing lack of credit. The Kenyan financial system is a dual structure. It is characterized by existence of formal and informal financial markets. The formal sector is the supplier of credit and it makes up in part for lack of formal financing. This raises the issue of what determines whether the formal financial institutions would advance credit to SSE's. The main objective of the study was to investigate the constraints faced by SSE's in accessing formal credit and the awareness of financing from the formal sources. The study also identified the sources of finance used by the SSE's in Machakos town and how the different sources vary with the size of the enterprise. The study is intended to be of help to individual entrepreneurs, banks, micro-finance organizations, the government and other researchers. Stratified random sampling was used where a sample of 100 was drawn from the population. The different sectors of the SSE's in Machakos town that is trade and service were used as stratum. Data was gathered using questionnaires and analyzed with the help of statistical package for social sciences (SPSS).Descriptive statistics such as percentages and cross tabulations were used. Based on the survey findings data, descriptive statistics were provided as well as conditions of the findings and recommendations. Survey results revealed that institutional credit to SSE's has not been substantially used despite strong interest for credit. Interest rates, collateral requirement, cumbersome documentation and time involved were identified as factors constraining access to formal credit. Recommendations made include the enactment of interest regulatory bill and credit institutions to provide more information as well as make regulations more flexible by allowing use of collateral substitutes for securing loans.


The association of lung abnormalities with carcass performance was evaluated on data from 60,843 carcasses housed in the West Texas A&M University Beef Carcass Research Center database collected from 2010 to 2021 to quantify the relationship of lung health and carcass performance. Lung outcomes were scored as severity of consolidation (N = Normal and free of consolidation, 1 = 5 to 15% consolidation, 2 = 15 to 50% consolidation, 3 = >50% consolidation) and presence of fibrin tags (M = Minor fibrin, E = Extensive fibrin). Lung consolidation had a strong and detrimental effect (P < 0.01) on hot carcass weight, with lung scores of 1, 2, and 3 resulting in 4.2, 13.3, and 29.9 kg less carcass weight compared with carcasses with normal lungs. Minor and extensive fibrin tags (3.5 kg and 7.1 kg), independent of consolidation, resulted in lighter carcasses (P < 0.01) compared with those with normal lungs. Lung score did not have an effect on marbling score. Both lung tissue consolidation and fibrin tags effected 12th rib fat thickness; lung consolidation (-0.09 to -0.21 cm) and fibrin tags (-0.14 to -0.19 cm) resulted in and less (P < 0.01) 12th rib fat thickness compared with carcasses with normal lungs. Similarly, LM area was reduced (P < 0.01) in carcasses with lung consolidation (-1.5 to -5.5 cm2) or presence of fibrin tags (-2.3 to -2.7 cm2) compared with carcasses with normal lungs. Additionally, severity of lung consolidation and presence of fibrin tags reduced (P < 0.01) calculated yield grade; lung consolidation and fibrin tags resulted in a 0.08 to 0.20 and 0.09 to 0.13 reduction in overall yield grade. These data indicate that lung health is an important factor that impacts carcass performance, particularly carcass weight and yield grade parameters.


Large-scale cancer genome sequencing has uncovered thousands of gene mutations, but distinguishing tumor driver genes from functionally neutral passenger mutations is a major challenge. We analyzed 800 cancer genomes of eight types to find single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) that precisely target phosphorylation machinery, important in cancer development and drug targeting. Assuming that cancer-related biological systems involve unexpectedly frequent mutations, we used novel algorithms to identify genes with significant phosphorylation-associated SNVs (pSNVs), phospho-mutated pathways, kinase networks, drug targets, and clinically correlated signaling modules. We highlight increased survival of patients with TP53 pSNVs, hierarchically organized cancer kinase modules, a novel pSNV in EGFR, and an immune-related network of pSNVs that correlates with prolonged survival in ovarian cancer. Our findings include multiple actionable cancer gene candidates (FLNB, GRM1, POU2F1), protein complexes (HCF1, ASF1), and kinases (PRKCZ). This study demonstrates new ways of interpreting cancer genomes and presents new leads for cancer research. Molecular Systems Biology 9: 637; published online 22 January 2013; doi:10.1038/msb.2012.68 Subject Categories: molecular biology of disease; signal transduction


Summary We investigated the effects of light intensity on various photosynthetic characteristics on a whole-plant (WP) basis, focussing on three developmental stages from leafing (when young leaves unfolded) to flowering in the Oriental hybrid lily 'Siberia'. On a WP basis, the net photosynthetic rate (Pr) was low at the leafing stage, but increased rapidly at the visible flower bud and flowering stages. However, on a leaf area (LA) basis, plants at the leafing stage exhibited a high Pr, peaking at the visible flower bud stage and diminishing slightly at the flowering stage.The rapid increase in total LA due to plant growth and development had a strong influence on Pr on a WP basis. 'Siberia' plants were grown under various reduced levels of natural light (0%, 40%, or 60%), achieved by shading, to evaluate the contribution of photosynthetic assimilates at various developmental stages and to compare the consistency of these results with the photosynthetic characteristics of the plants. The final dry matter (DM) content on a WP basis was determined by the light intensity applied after the visible flower bud stage, but not before. These experiments indicated that, during the growth of 'Siberia' lily, photosynthesis determined DM accumulation after the visible flower bud stage. Low or high light intensities before or after this stage promoted stem elongation and leaf thickening, respectively. Therefore, shading during the early developmental stages and high sunlight during the later developmental stages were beneficial for the quality of Oriental hybrid lily cut flowers.


4 Abstract: The studies on the essential oil of Cuminum cyminum L. have been carried out. The essential oil of Cuminum cyminum L. was obtained from mature seeds, extracted through hydro distillation. The percentage yield of Cuminum cyminum L. was found to be 2.8%. Physical characteristics were recorded according to standard procedures. Chemical composition of essential oil of Cuminum cyminum L. was analyzed by Gas-liquid chromatography using co-injection technique. Compounds found in the oil were α-pinene 0.9805%, β-pinene 16.2876%, Limonene 0.2307%, α-terpinene 5.6551%, ρ-cymene 15.5464%, Dipentene 0.2102%, 1,8-cineol 2.2421%, cumin aldehyde 25.8749%, cuminyl alcohol 30.023%, perillaldehyde 0.6286% and α-terpineol 0.1929% and 2.1283% remain unidentified. The activity was found against four G (+) and two G (-) test organisms. All these values were indicative as bactericidal and not as bacteriostatic.


The invention discloses a diode failure analysis device and belongs to the diode detection field. The diode failure analysis device comprises a box body and a reactor; the box body is a rectangular box; a feeding opening is formed at the upper end of the box body; two supporting arms arranged side by side are fixed at one side of the inner wall of the box body; the middle of the reactor is hinged between the two supporting arms; an air cylinder is fixed onto the inner wall of the top end of the box body; the output end of the air cylinder is connected with a telescopic rod; a connecting rod is hinged to the telescopic rod; one end of the connecting rod is hinged to the reactor; the inner wall of the box body is provided with a guide groove which is located below the supporting arms; the bottom of the interior of the box body is provided with a waste liquid collecting box; and the bottom end of the guide groove extends into the waste liquid collecting box. With the diode failure analysis device of the invention adopted, multiple times of heating corrosion of a diode failure analysis test can be completed, and an operator does not need to directly contact with the reactor; and waste acid liquid can be recycled in a centralized manner; and therefore, the risk of the test can be lower, pollution to the environment can be reduced, and a greater environmentally-friendly property can be realized, and a failure analysis test can be performed on a diode more conveniently.


ABSTRACT Lease Sale #42, held on December 18, 1979, provided the North Atlantic District of the Minerals Management Service (MMS) and the U. S. Coast Guard Marine Safety Office, Boston, an opportun...


Sargassum hystrix juice is a functional beverage made from S. hystrix through the immersion process, crushing, filtering, and pasteurization. Therefore, this study aims to determine the effect of S. hystrix concentration on antioxidant activity, level of consumer acceptance, and chemical composition of the juice. The fresh S. hystrix used were washed, immersed for three days, and blended at a concentration of 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50%, respectively. Meanwhile, the qualities of juice that were observed include yield, antioxidant activity, total phenol, water, ash, protein, and fiber content, formol number, total sugar, total plate count, and sensory analysis. The results showed that the S. hystrix juice had a value of yield 43.00-85.67%, pH 7.5, antioxidant activity 20.50-44.57%, total phenolic 32.78-293.11 mg GAE/g, water 93.03-95.39%, ash 0.36-6.34%, protein 0.88-4.96%, crude fiber 0.41-5.04%, formol number 15-21.67 mL N NaOH/100 mL, total sugar 3.10-4.61%, total plate count 2.3x103-4.3x103CFU/mL, sensory of color 1.83-2.95, flavor 2.49-3.29, and taste 2.29-3.50.


This article is the edited transcript of a speech presented at the Communication Innovation Seminar at Headington Hill Hall, Oxford, England, in June 1988, a seminar attended by the editors of many major scientific journals. The seminar was convened to address current and future challenges to the communication and expansion of our knowledge, to highlight the achievements of Pergamon Press across 40 years of commitment to science, and to commemorate the sixty-fifth birthday of its founder, Robert Maxwell.


us a collection of papers of remarkable interest and value. After an introduction by Sir T. Lauder Brunton, Dr. Harry Campbell sketches the evolution of man's diet in the past, and shows the practical value of such a survey. Thus he points out that there is no historical basis for vegetarian theories. The enormous increase of sugar and soft carbohydrate food stuffs in modern times seems to have outstripped the evolution of the digestive organs, and may explain the prevalence of constipation, dyspepsia, and several other disorders in this " age of pap foods." Our present knowledge of the physiology of digestion, and the results of experimental work on diet, is ably summarised by Dr. E. I. Spriggs. The various tables of heat values of foods and


Planets form in disks that are commonly found around young stars. The intimate relationship that exists between planet and disk can account for a lot of the exotic extrasolar planetary systems known today.

In this thesis we explore disk-planet interaction using numerical hydrodynamical simulations. We study the growth and migration of embedded planets, as well as the condition for gap formation in the disk. These planetary gaps provide an important link to future observations of circumstellar disks.


We report a case of cholecystolithiasis associated with situs inversus totalis (SIT) that had been successfully treated with a laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Although cholecystolithiasis associated with SIT is rare, trained surgeons who perform unusual surgical procedures, even if they have not experienced such a case, would perform laparoscopic cholecystectomy for cholecystolithiasis associated with SIT easily and safely.


After we consider the fundamental MTF contributions arising from the optics, the sensor array, and the electronics, we must look at the MTF contributions arising from image motion, image vibration, atmospheric turbulence, and aerosol scattering. We briefly consider a first-order analysis of these additional contributions to system MTF; our heuristic approximate approach is a back-of-the-envelope estimate for the image-quality impact of these effects and provides a starting point against which to compare the results of a more advanced analysis.


The diet of the little owl, Athene noctua Scop., was studied using pellets collected from Grădinari Village, Caraş-Severin county, Romania. Eleven small mammal species were found in the samples, with a total amount of 91 prey items belonging to Vertebrates. The most abundant were rodent species, especially voles. Shrews and bats were also present. The variety of small mammal species identified in the pellets suggests that the little owl is an opportunistic species, it's diet being a good indicator for small mammal distribution around Grădinari Village and allows the extension of the results to the south-western part of the country.


Herbicides were applied to leafy spurge infestations on rangeland to determine spurge control and response of forage grasses. Chemicals used were 2,4-D [(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid] amine, dicamba (3,6dichloro-o-anisic acid), dichlorprop [2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)propionic acid] glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine] and the potassium salt and granules of picloram (4-amino-3,5,6-trichloropicolinic acid). All chemicals were applied when leafy spurge was in the early bud stage. Glyphosate alone, and in combination with 2,4-D (amine) and dicamba was also applied at maturity and after frost. Treatments containing picloram resulted in the greatest control of the target species. Grass response was variable but stand was improved by some treatments. After-frost applications were generally equal to early bud applications in controlling leafy spurge but applications at maturity were less effective.


Although the transition from residency training to independent practice is an exciting time in one's life, without preparation it can be unnecessarily stressful (1, 2). Many psychiatry residents feel that although their training programs prepare them well for the rigors of clinical work, the same cannot be said for the provision of information on career options and supporting decision-making around selecting a post-residency position and starting a practice (2). Below, we provide a brief guide that outlines the career options available to new psychiatry graduates, factors relevant to selecting a position, steps that may be taken to qualify for independent practice, and how to start a thriving career. We describe these from the perspective of the transition to practice in the province of Ontario, Canada.


A frame is the main structure of the chassis of a motor vehicle. All other components fasten to it, a term for this design is body-on-frame construction. A chassis consists of an internal framework that supports a man-made object in its construction and use. It is analogous to an animal's skeleton. The main objective of the project is how to develop the prototype of Heavy Duty Chassis with two different types of sections (C & I )of heavy-duty vehicle using CAD tool CREO 2.0.These assembly consists major components they are  main frame (stiffeners, longerons) with required dimensions. . And importing the components which are developed in CAD tool into CAE tool ANSYS for to analyze. To find out the deformations and stress efficiency of the components Appling the existing material (Mild-Steel) and chosen material (composite material-Epoxy & S2 glass). To showing the comparison between two materials for components when the compressible loads are different.


Recently, aerodynamic bump foil bearings have attracted considerable attentions in oil-free turbo machines. However, the structure of bump foils is usually very complicated and it is difficult to fabricate these bump foils. This paper proposes a foil thrust bearing supported by visco-elastic material instead of bump foils. The structure of the proposed foil bearing is much simpler than that of a foil thrust bearing with bump foils. In this paper, the static characteristics of the proposed thrust foil bearing are numerically investigated and the experiment was conducted using manufactured test bearings. It was confirmed that the proposed foil thrust bearing could be easily manufactured and operate well as an aerodynamic thrust bearing.


ere is in phonological theory a widely held belief that contrast maers—that is, that the contrastive or redundant status of a given feature (on a given segment, in a given language) has some relevance to how that feature behaves phonologically (on that segment, in that language). Although this basic idea has both a long history and considerable currency (see Dresher 2009 and Hall 2011 for discussion of some of its incarnations), there is comparatively lile agreement on the crucial details of its implementation. In particular, there are two essential questions that must be answered in order to give the theory empirically testable substance:


In this study, we use three common types of back contacts to CdTe—a ZnTe:Cu back-contact interface layer, a Cu/Au bilayer, and HgTe:Cu-doped graphite paste—to enable us to gain greater understanding of how back-contact processing affects the entire CdTe/CdS device. Current density-voltage (J-V) and quantum efficiency (QE) measurements are used to examine device performance and carrier collection. Variations in the CdTe net acceptor density are examined using capacitance-voltage (C-V) measurements. Temperature-dependent current density-voltage (JVT) characterization is used to investigate the back-contact barrier height. These methods enhance our understanding of contacts to CdTe and the effects of these contacts on CdTe photovoltaic devices.


In this study the NiCrBSi feedstock powder was deposited by flame spraying on to C45 steel substrate. After spraying the coated material was differently fused at 1000°C. The microstructure evolution respectively the phase composition was evaluated by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and by X-ray diffractometry. The corrosion resistance of the differently fused coatings was assessed by potentiodynamic corrosion tests carried out in 3,5 % NaCl solution at room temperature, using a saturated calomel electrode (SCE) as reference. In addition, the variation of the friction coefficients in time for the two tested coatings was determined using the pin-on-disk method. The investigations showed that the characteristics of the inductive remelted coating are better in comparison with the flame fused one.


Abstract The impact of freshwater environmental factors on spawning migration mortality was modeled to provide a predictive tool for fisheries management of four run timing groups of Fraser River sockeye salmon Oncorhynchus nerka: early Stuart (Stuart Lake), early summer, summer, and late. We tested the significance of different measures of water temperature, discharge, fish abundance, and entry timing for forecasting discrepancies between lower-river and upriver escapement estimates using multiple regressions of principal component scores. Descriptive discrepancy models (i.e., "management adjustment" models) identified using Akaike's information criterion were consistent with the known biology of each group. For example, temperature and discharge thresholds were selected for early Stuart run discrepancy models, reflecting the extremes in both variables experienced by these early migrants. Predictive discrepancy models were also generated for each run timing group by using the limited number of environmen...


Imagine the following everyday situation. You are in your study and go to fetch something from the kitchen, say, a glass of water. You go to the kitchen, but on the way you forget what it was that you had to bring. Stupefied you stand and stare at the kitchen shelves for some minutes, maybe even have a sandwich out of confusion, but still cannot remember what you wanted. You go back to your room, sit down, look at the things you were looking at before, and suddenly remember: it was a glass of water! Although totally unrelated to the pile of papers you were looking at, the papers have still helped you to remember it. Or another situation: after 15 long years you go back to a place you used to go to a lot. Many things have changed, but everything you see seems to remind you of something. Some of those things are pleasant, some are most embarrassing – something you preferred to forget a long time ago. Many of the things have disappeared, as well as lots of memories you might have had looking at them. But many other things flood your mind exactly because something is so obviously missing from the scene. Thinking of these two examples, it should be intuitively clear how the link between landscape and memory works on the individual level. Living in a physical environment, a human being has to make sense of it, conceptualise it and remember it at least partially if he/she is to survive. On the one hand, when human beings move in a landscape, experience different feelings, solve their problems, simply live their lives, it is as if the physical environment witnessed all of it and eventually it feels as if the landscape knows more about you than the surrounding people, from whom much of what we do is hidden. On the other hand, a human being changes the environment in his/her daily activities according to his/her beliefs and values and according to his/her culturally conditioned idea of what a beautiful landscape should look like, binding the landscape explicitly to different events in his/her life. Therefore it is no surprise that environment becomes a major building block of identity and therefore memory. Landscape Image as a mnemonic Tool in Cultural Change: The Case of Two Phantom Sceneries


The aim of fetal monitoring is to identify fetuses at risk of an adverse outcome based on the ability to understand how the fetus reacts to stress before it becomes compromised. Recent works have shown that the ST waveform of the fetal electrocardiogram (fECG) provides continuous information on the capacity of the fetal heart muscle to respond to the stress of labour. The fECG can be ob- tained by a non-invasive technique that consists in collecting elec- trical signals by some sensors on the body of the mother. Unfortu- nately the fetal heartbeat signal yielded by this recording technique is quite weaker than the mother heartbeat signal, also due to the atten- uation during the propagation caused by the tissues; moreover, many other artifacts are superimposed to the two heartbeats. In this paper we propose a method based on wavelet decomposition and indepen- dent component analysis in order to approximate the real shape of the fECG. We also try to evaluate the ST waveform for fetal monitoring.


The application of cutting liquids in the machining of the pertsgreatly affects the working environment. Descpite the efforts to prolong life, chemical aliminaion of bacteria formation, development of new liquid configurations, their negative influence on production (health hazard to the operator, corrosion of workpieces, need of recycling or disposal), it outweighs the benefits (decrease of cutting forces, cutting temperature reduction).The good is a gaseous environment. The current gaseous environments show the current application of ionized air. In the article are experimental results when applying this media during machining.


This work presents a 2.4GHz (ISM band) patch antenna which is simulated for wireless sensors network. The proposed work shows improvement in the bandwidth of micro strip antenna is possible by inserting slot/s in the patch. This work proposed a patch antenna is designed for 2.4GHz with FR4 substrate having dielectric constant (εr) of 4.4 & thickness of 1.6mm. From the results it can be conclude that the improvement in bandwidth and return loss is possible by inserting a slot in the patch. The results shows that, the proposed antenna has −10dB bandwidth of 119MHz and Return loss of −20dB which is further improved to 154 MHz & return loss of −27 dB by using a slot. Proposed antenna exibits good performance of in terms of bandwidth and return loss making it suitable for wireless sensor network.


The low interest during the learning process of Mathematics in elementary schools' results in decreased student learning outcomes, moreover the use of inappropriate learning methods which generally only focus students on practicing problems certainly makes students quickly feel bored and consider Mathematics not a fun lesson. Learning and student learning outcomes in Mathematics are influenced by several factors, including learning media. Learning media that is designed to be interesting and in accordance with the needs and characteristics of students can affect student attention to be active in the learning process, moreover Mathematics is closely related to everyday life, especially those related to calculations (addition, subtraction, multiplication and division). The purpose of this study was to analyze the validity of miniature media characterized by ethnomathematics, analyze the practicality of miniature media characterized by ethnomathematics and analyze the effectiveness of miniature media characterized by ethnomathematics in improving the ability to understand flat building material for grade III elementary school students. This development research uses a one group pre-test post-test design. The subjects in this study consisted of 1 media expert, 1 material expert, 1 practitioner, and 13 third grade elementary school students. The results were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the hypothesis was tested using the correlated t-test technique. The results showed that the miniature media characterized by ethnomathematics was valid, practical and effective in improving the ability to understand flat shape material for third grade elementary school students.


Filamins stabilize the actin bioskeleton. Mutations in the gene encoding filamin lead to a wide variety of developmental disorders that come with malformations of the brain, skeleton, and heart. An article by Berrou and colleagues (Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology) describes the genetic and phenotypic findings (with an emphasis on platelet function) in a male patient with a two base-pair deletion in FLNA that leads to a filamin molecule extended at its C-terminus with 100 amino acids. Platelet counts and sizes were largely normal, but virtually all platelet functions were enhanced. This potentiation of platelet function is consistent with the notion that in this unique case, we are dealing with a gain-offunction mutation in filamin.


This study aims at investigating the integration of information and commu-nication technology into EFL textbook to measure to what extent the cur-rent used curriculum meets the current educational demands and matches the general outcomes of the course. The researcher analyzed 'Action Pack 12' students' book and classified the types of technological devices inte-grated in the activities of the book. Then, she calculated the number of the activities that integrate information and communications technology and their percentages to the other activities in the students' book. The results of the study revealed the integration of technological devices into EFL text-book which indicates congruence with the outcomes for the English Lan-guage in the course. The researcher concluded that Action Pack 12 Stu-dents' book meets the demands to integrate technology in EFL curriculum and matches the general outcomes that ensure the use of information and communication technology by students. Then, she provided inferences and implications for the effective implementation of ICT in the textbook at school level


In this work, five mixtures with different concentrations of banana-shaped and calamitic compounds have been prepared and subsequently studied by polarizing optical microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and X-ray diffraction on non-oriented samples. The phase sequences and molecular parameters of the binary systems are presented.


The idea that aberrant cell behaviour can be pinpointed to critical molecular modifications has gained elegant experimental support in studies showing specific nucleic and corresponding amino acid changes in inherited disorders in haemoglobin synthesis and structure. The realization that many physiological processes are membrane mediated, coupled with progress in knowledge of the structure and function of biological membranes, has encouraged many investigators to study membrane pathology. The plasma membrane is positioned strategically for modification by intraand extracellular factors. The easy availability and relative simplicity of erythrocyte membranes has already led to the demonstration of membrane changes in genetic and infectious diseases, and two recent examples include those detected in haemoglobinuria (Banga, Pinder, Gratzer, Linch & Huehns, 1979) and aRcr infection by malaria sporozoites (Wallach, 1979). The plasma membrane of nucleated cells, and especially those constituting tissues and organs, is a far more complex organelle. In addition to its various transport functions, the plasma membrane has been shown to be a primary site of action of polypeptide hormones, viruses, drugs and toxins. The plasma membrane's outer surface is also a key component in controlling cell-cell interactions, as well as cell, organ and tissue specificity. The metabolic versatility of the hepatocyte is reflected at its cell surface, where the plasma membrane is differentiated into at least three major anatomical and functional regions. The plasma membrane at the blood-interfacing sinusoidal and bile-interfacing canalicular regions forms microvilli and these two regions are separated by smooth


For compliance with international standards, Russian agriculture needs to be updated. An alternative used in agriculture models of governance, may be the introduction of principles of green economy. The need to transition to a green economy due to the strong dependence of all sectors from resource extraction industries and technologies. The main carbohydrate media are oil, coal and gas. Today in the world only a few States are engaged in the export of all three types of energy Russia, Kazakhstan, Norway and Canada. There is a paradoxical situation Russia has one of the largest areas designated for agricultural purposes in the world, but the full potential is not used, and the fertile area was reduced. This shows he is the inefficiency of the old resource model. The concept of green economy is based on the understanding that the production depends on the environment and therefore all directions are focused on economical use of natural resources and their conservation. The article presents the concept of green economy, the main directions of the concept and experiences of their incarnations in other countries. The industrial model of agriculture based on the use of mechanical production, can not be called perfect, because it is wasteful and makes high demands to get the product. However, the traditional model of manual labour can not cover the basic regional food requirements. Main priorities of development of the directions of "green economy" in agriculture in Russia, based on international experience, which can increase the competitiveness of the agro-industrial complex for investors.


Mango is a kind of tropical fruit cultivated widely in the world. Some food allergens contained in mango may have adverse effects on human health. Progress on the research of the clinical symptoms and the prevalence of mango allergy,mango allergens and the cross-reaction of mango allergens with other allergens are reviewed.


This study conducted a cluster analysis on the fine particulate matter (PM2.5) data over Taiwan from 2006 to 2015 and diagnosed their association with the synoptic weather patterns. Five clusters are identified via a hierarchical clustering algorithm; three of them correspond to severe events, each with a distinct pattern of temporal evolution within the 240-h window. The occurrence of the different clusters exhibits strong seasonal variation. Two of the polluted clusters are more frequently associated with weak synoptic weather, while the other one is related to northeasterly winds and fronts. Detailed case studies show that the weather patterns' temporal evolutions clearly modulate the transition among various pollution clusters by influencing the changes in local circulation and atmospheric stability. In winter, the clusters characterizing severe PM2.5 pollution events occur when Taiwan is influenced by persistent weak synoptic condition, while in autumn, the long-range transport by strong northerly winds leads to the occurrence of severe PM2.5 pollution. The current results shed light on the potential of combining the data-driven approach and the numerical weather forecasting model to provide extended range forecasts of local air pollution forecasts.


Packet classification is a function increasingly used in a number of networking appliances and applications. Typically, this consists of a set of abstract classifications, and a set of rules which sort packets into the various classifications. For packet classification at line speeds, Ternary Content-Addressable Memories (TCAMs) have become a norm in most networking hardware. However, TCAMs are expensive and power-hungry. Hence, a packet classification ruleset need to be minimized before populating the TCAM. In this paper, we formulate the Ruleset Minimization Problem for TCAM as an abstract optimization problem based on two-level logic minimization, and propose an exact solution and a number of heuristics. We present experimental results with two different datasets-artificial filter sets generated using ClassBench tool suite and a real firewall Access Control List (ACL) from a large enterprise. We observe an average reduction of 41% in artificial filter sets and 72.5% reduction in the firewall ACL using the proposed heuristics.


A crop monitoring system was developed for the supervision of organic fertilization status on tomato plants at early stages. An automatic and nondestructive approach was used to analyze tomato plants with different levels of water-soluble organic fertilizer (3+5 NK) and vermicompost. The evaluation system was composed by a multispectral camera with five lenses: green (550nm), red (660nm), red edge (735nm), near-infrared (790nm) + 16MP RGB and a computational image processing system. The water-soluble fertilizer was applied weekly in four different treatments: (T0: 0 ml, T1: 6.25 ml, T2: 12.5 ml and T3: 25 ml) and the vermicompost was added in the 1 (T0: 0ml; T1: 75 ml; T2:150ml; T3: 300 ml) and in the 5 week (T0: 0ml; T1: 237,5 ml; T2:475ml; T3: 950 ml). The trial was conducted in a greenhouse and 192 images were taken with each lens. A plant segmentation algorithm was developed and several vegetation indices were calculated: Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Green Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (GNDVI), Red-Edge Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (RENDVI), Nonlinear Vegetation Index (NLI), Optimized Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (OSAVI), Green Ratio Vegetation Index (GRVI), Simple Ratio (SR), Modified Simple Ratio (MSR), Structure Intensive Pigment Index 2 (SPI2) and Leaf Chlorophyll Index (LCI). On top of calculating the indices, multiple morphological features were obtained through image processing techniques, and the results were compared between treatments using Tukey's HSD test with 1% of probability. The morphological features such as Area, Filled Area, Convex Area, Perimeter, Major Axis Length, Minor Axis Length and Equivalent Diameter revealed to be more feasible to distinguish between the control and the organic fertilized plants than the vegetation indices. The system was developed in order to be assembled in a precision organic fertilization robotic platform.


Along with the increase of online users of search engine service,the bidding rank system has emerged,though still in the initial stage.In this article,the nature and status-quo of the bidding rank system is analyzed from legislative perspective.Moreover,the phenomenon of network operators gain profit by malicious click,screening and abuse of market position is analyzed.Under the current situation of no law frame can be referred to,proposals are made on strengthening self-regulation and improving technology on the side of operators to avoid risk.On the legislation part,corresponding mechanism shall be brought forward and bettered to enhance healthy advancement of the search engine.


The evolution of the most massive stars is a puzzle with many missing pieces. Statistical analyses are the key to provide anchors to calibrate theory, however performing these studies is an arduous job. The state-of-the-art integral field spectrograph MUSE has stirred up stellar astrophysicists who are excited about the capability to take spectra of up to a thousand stars in a single exposure. The excitement was even higher with the commissioning of the MUSE narrow-field-mode (NFM) that has demonstrated angular resolutions akin to the Hubble Space Telescope. We present the first mapping of the dense stellar core R136 in the Tarantula nebula based on a MUSE-NFM mosaic. We aim to deliver the first homogeneous analysis of the most massive stars in the local Universe and to explore the impact of these peculiar objects to the interstellar medium.


A recent polemical essay by Alan Macfarlane constructed a picture of the social structure of medieval rural England premised on the notion that there was little difference in the nature of family attachment to land between freeholders and those who held their property 'according to the customs of the manor.' This essay has received severe criticism from R. H. Hilton, who argues that it 'ignores the implications of the considerable predominance in many areas of customary land held in villein (i.e. servile) tenure, attempting to assimilate it to freehold as though it were equivalent to sixteenth century copyhold.' The scale of the difference between these two positions may be attributed to the current state of research into the operation of customary law and its tribunals.


[Objective] To explore the effects of Pioglitazone on atherosclerosis and the expression LOX-1 in aorta of rabbits fed with high-cholesterol diet. [Method] 15 male healthy New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into three groups: control group(n =5)was fed with normal diet for eight weeks; high cholesterol group(n =5) was fed with high-cholesterol diet for eight weeks; Pioglitazone treatment group(n =5) was fed with high-cholesterol diet for eight weeks supplemented with Pioglitazone(3 mg/kg·d) from the fourth week of cholesterol diet. The aortic pathological menifestation and plasma lipid in these groups were compared. LOX-1 molecule was detected by immunohistochemistry, LOX-1 mRNA was evaluated by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR). [Results] Pioglitazone decreased aortic intimal hyperplasia and smooth muscle cell proliferation in rabbit fed with high-cholesterol diet. Pioglitazone can also increase high density lipoprotein and decrese the expression of LOX-1 molecule and LOX-1 mRNA in the aorta of hypercholesterolemia rabbits aortic. [Conclusion] Pioglitazone can inhibit the upregulation of LOX-1 molecule and mRNA in the aorta of hypercholesterolemia rabbits. These observations provide novel insight into a potential antiatherosclerosis pathway of Thiazolidinediones.


A pioneering centre in Ethiopia that tackles the burden of fistula has become a blueprint for similar services elsewhere in Africa and Asia


Objective: To determine whether substitution R463L within the katG gene is associated with resistance to isoniazid in clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis recovered from tuberculosis (TB) patients from the Middle East. Methods: A total of 113 clinical isolates of M. tuberculosis obtained from TB patients residing in Kuwait, UAE and Lebanon were used. The isolates were characterized as isoniazid-susceptible (n = 25) or -resistant (n = 88) based on drug susceptibility testing by BACTEC 460 TB system. The presence of R463L mutation within the katG gene of each isolate was detected by amplification of the DNA region around codon 463 by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by digestion with restriction endonuclease NciI to generate PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism. The results with selected isolates were further confirmed by DNA sequencing. Results: The mutation R463L was detected in 46 of 59 isoniazid-resistant clinical M. tuberculosis isolates from Kuwait, 9 of 12 from UAE and 3 of 17 from Lebanon. The prevalence of this substitution was much higher in isolates recovered from patients of South Asian/Southeast Asian origin (41/49, 84%) than from patients of Middle Eastern origin (17/39, 44%). Although all the 7 isoniazid-susceptible isolates of M. tuberculosis from Lebanon (recovered exclusively from Middle Eastern patients) contained arginine at codon 463, 3/7 and 10/11 isoniazid-susceptible strains from Kuwait, recovered from Middle Eastern and South Asian patients, respectively, contained leucine at codon 463. Conclusion: The results show that genetic polymorphism exists at codon 463 in the katG gene of M. tuberculosis recovered from patients of different ethnic backgrounds. The data also show that substitution R463L within the katG gene does not contribute to isoniazid resistance.


The importance of the Dominican master Dietrich of Freiberg (d. after 1310) for Berthold of Moosburg's Exposition on the Elements of Theology has long been noted, though the extent of this influence has been measured only gradually.1 Dietrich's influence touches nearly every aspect of the commentary: its doctrines of intellect, causality, time and eternity, cosmology, the theory of soul, the conception of contemplation and beatitude, ontology, natural philosophy, and theology. By my calculation, based on the table below, Berthold cites a text from Dietrich, on average, at least once per Proposition and takes, on average, at least two passages from him each time. The overall situation was succinctly described by Loris Sturlese over 30 years ago: "A catalogue of doctrines inherited by Berthold would equal an index of Dietrich's corpus. We will see that Berthold also cheated, at times. But the agreement with Dietrich goes so far and is thus so emphatic in the Exposition that this must be considered as a foundation for every interpretation of Berthold's work".2 This judgement has proven true for almost every study of particular doctrines in the Exposition.3 My aim here is to bring to light the deeper patterns of this reception.


We have studied experimentally the interaction of nonlinear packets of spin waves with strongly localized nonuniformities of the static magnetic field representing magnetic potential barriers and wells. We have found that the nonlinearity in the system causes a noticeable modification of this interaction in comparison to the linear case. The strongest modification is observed under conditions where spin-wave envelope solitons are formed. Our findings show that for the case of potential barriers the solitons demonstrate an enhanced tunneling, whereas for potential wells they show an enhanced reflection. Moreover, the nonlinear enhancement of the interaction was found to be stronger for potential wells, which was associated with its resonant character.


The report gives results of a study of sulfite oxidation, involving the measurement of the rate of enhanced oxygen absorption across an unbroken interface into solution containing sulfite (2-100 mM) and catalyst (0.01-100 mM) at pH 4-6 and 50 C. Fe, Mn, Co, Cu and Cr ions were potent catalysts under these conditions; Ni was inactive. At 10 mM, these catalysts gave pseudo-first order (in oxygen) rate constants of 8.6, 43, 4.7, 95 and 11 sec, respectively. Dry catalyst added in its upper valence state (ferric, cupric, chromic) produced high initial rates that fell in 1 to 6 hours to steady state, while catalyst added in its lower state (ferrous, manganous, cobaltous) showed no high rates and reached steady state in less than 1 minute. Ferric and ferrous eventually resulted in the same rate. Fe was a much stronger catalyst than Mn or Co, but its rate was limited by Fe solubility of about 0.01 mM at pH 5, resulting in an enhancement factor of 2.4 at all higher concentrations. Thiosulfate (0.05-1 mM) had a stronger inhibiting effect and efficiency on Mn than on Fe. EDTA was an effective inhibitor for Fe at equal or greater concentrations. Rates for Femore » and Co increased with pH from 4 to 5, while those for Mn were unchanged. Strong positive Mn-Fe synergisms were found to cause absorption rates of up to five times those expected.« less


A system for synchronizing video data and audio data for an optical disc is disclosed. The system includes a demultiplexer, for splitting a data stream into audio data and video data, the audio data having an embedded/associated audio playback time information and the video data having an embedded/associated video playback time information; an audio decoding block, having at least fast forward orslow forward functionality, for decoding the audio data to output decoded audio data; a video decoding block, having at least fast forward or slow forward functionality, for decoding the video data tooutput decoded video data; and a decision block, for sending at least an adjustment signal, wherein the adjustment signal is for instructing either the video decoding block or the audio decoding block to perform fast forward or slow forward operations.


For example, the communication apparatus and techniques for optical communications includes providing a reference frequency derived from the atomic energy level transitions or molecular energy level transition, by using the reference frequency at least in part, it was at least two designated wherein generating a optical carrier signal, the specified optical carrier, in order to provide an optical subcarriers modulated coherently respectively, using respective baseband information signal, and modulating coherently, the sell. Combined optical information signal comprises an optical subcarriers, for example, it is transmitted via a fiber optic cable to the receiver. In the example, the received optical information signal is optically Fourier transform, may each coherent output is provided. These may be downconverted coherently.


* Corresponding Author: Ali Roshandel Hesari, MSc. Address: Department of Sport Pathology and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Isfahan Branch, Islamic Azad University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran. Tel: +98 (915) 3864051 E-mail: email@example.com 1. Department of Sport Pathology and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Islamic Branch Islamic Azad University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran. 2. Department of Sport Physiology Practical, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Bojnourd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bojnourd, Iran. *Ali Roshandel Hesari1 , Amin Roshandel Hesari2


Spectronephelometric measurement techniques are in the order of the day. We can apply these techniques to monitor the production of consumable fluids and to verify their quality. Products like Wine, Beer and Olive Oil for instance, are widely consumed over the world. These products do have a major role in people's dietary habits and their quality is of greater concern from day to day. If we can make use of a monitoring system that is able to perform measurements in situ, on line and in real time, then we will obviously have the capacity to improve quality. Particles that are suspended in consumable fluid samples interact with radiation by scattering it in almost all directions. If we can detect this scattered radiation, then we have information on the suspended particles. Making use on some Physical relations, we can transpose this information to physical parameters like Color and Turbidity.


Let G be an absolutely simple simply connected algebraic group over a global field k. In this note, we analyze arithmetic properties of the maximal k-tori of G .We establish density (in the variety of maximal tori) of the set of maximal k-tori which do not contain proper k-subtori (we call such tori k-irreducible). Using the fact that the k-irreducible tori we construct have the weak approximation property, we extend some of our previous results (contained in Publ. Math. Inst. Haute Etudes Sci. 84 (1996), 91-187, § 9) to global function fields. This allows one to establish the congruence subgroup property for the groups of points of G over semi-local subrings of k. Finally, we examine the strong approximation property in the maximal k-tori of G with respect to generalized arithmetic progressions.Irreducible Tori in semisimple groups (Erratum) dx.doi.org/10.1155/S1073792802112074


Biometric system security requires cryptographic protection of sample data under certain circumstances. We assess low complexity selective encryption schemes applied to JPEG2000 compressed iris data by conducting iris recognition on the selectively encrypted data. This paper specifically compares the effects of a recently proposed approach, i.e. applying selective encryption to normalised texture data, to encrypting classical sample data. We assess achieved protection level as well as computational cost of the considered schemes, and particularly highlight the role of segmentation in obtaining surprising results.